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Biographical Ani 

OF THE 

IV IL GOVERr 



UNITED STA 



FROM ORIGINAL AND OFFI 



CHARLES ''la 

' Aatlior of '^DicrtoNAUV of Co^GBESS,"^-PRn-A ;^^..n - 



SECOND Ef 



REVISED, ENLAKGED A 

JOSEPH 

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* «. 



rongrcss, in the year 18'6, by 
Wl) J. M. MORHTRON, 
ot Congress, at W asbioKtozi 



A 



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A.C 



oc 



, Li, 11/ 







PREFA0B TO REVISED EDITION, 



The enviable reputation of Mr. Lanman as an author, and the universal recognition 
of his -'Biographical Annals" as an authoritative book of reference, caused me to delili- 
erate long before yielding to the persuasions of the author and attempting the continua 
tion of this work. 

Once launched upon the sea with which my predecessor had battled so success- 
fully, I was almost overcome by the seemingly innumerable and insurmountable obstacles 
which constantly appeared in my pathway and ^as often tempted to lay down my 
pen and leave the work to some one more courageous, and more experienced than 
myself. The success which attended the much more laborious efforts of ]Mr. Lanman, 
however, encouraged me to struggle on to the end, and the results of my trials and 
feeble abilities are hereto appended in the form of a second edition of 'Sir Lanman'? 
great work. I have made some additions in the way of embellishment in the hope 
that they may add interest to the book. 

If the hundreds of persons to whom I found it necessary to send numerous 
appeals for data before receiving any response, and the large number who treated all 
my requests with silence, had appreciated the absolute necessity of co-operation in the 
preparation of historical works of this kind, my labors would have been very materially 
lessened and their results more complete and satisfactory. 

To those who aided me by preparing, and sending to me, such data as I required, 
and to others who aided me collaterally, especially Mr. Sevellon A. Brown, Chief Clerk 
of the Department of State, and Hon John B. Clark, Clerk of the House '>\' llip- 
resentatives, I desire to make most cordial acknowledgements. 

I was compelled to trust the reading of the proofs to others, but, as the cmtire 
work passed through three separate comparisons, I believe I am warranted in assuming 
that, while absolute perfection is impossible, but few errors will be found in the bonk. 

Trusting that my efforts have accomplished at least a fair measure of succe<.^, I 
subscribe myself, The Public's most obedient servant, 

JOSEPH M. MORULSON. 



ILLUSTRATIONS 



Opposite 



Page. I 

Adams, John 1 

Adams, John Quincy 3 

Agricultural Department Building, Washington 368 

Arthur, Chesrter Allan .' 14 

Buchanan, James "6 

Bureau of Engraving and Printing Building, Washington 368 

Cleveland, Grover 100 

Executive Mansion (North front), Washington 32 

« « (South front), Washington 32 

Fillmore, Millard 169 

Gai-field, James Abram 186 

Grant, Ulysses S 199 

Harrison, William Henry 22 1 

Hayes, Rutherford B 227 

Interior Department Building (Patent •Office ), Washington 144 

Jackson, Andrew 260 

Jefferson, Thomas 263 

Johnson. Andrew 266 

Lincoln, Abraham 301 

^fadisou, J ames 314 

Manor House (The Home of Washington), Mt. Vernon 416 

Monroe, James 348 

National Museum Building, Washington 464 

y^i'-ilon Bureau Building, Washington 416 

Pierce, Franklin 393/ 

Polk. James K 399 

Post Office Department Building, Washington 144i 

Smithsonian Institution Building, Washington 464 

State, War and Navy Departments Building, Wa.shingtou 112 

Taylor, Zachary 492 

The Capitol Building (Frontispiece) Title 

Treasury Department Building, Washington '... 112 

Tyler, John ; 510 

Van Buren, Martin 513 

Washington, George 529 

\\'^ashington Monument, Washington .'. 568 



i 



INTRODUCTION. 



The success which attended the publication of ray Dictionary of Con<Tei?8 has 
induced me to enlarge upon the scope and design of that work, so as to embrace 
the entire Civil Government of the United States during the first century of its 
existence. In doing this I have endeavored to present, within a convenient space, and 
in biographical form, the names and public services of all those who have, in a promi- 
nent manner, been identified with the National and State Governments of the 
Republic. 

The Biographical Sketches number about seven thousand, and these I have illus- 
trated with a series of Tabular Records and Papers of an historical character, in 
which will be found eight thousand additional names, making a total of fifteen thousand 
personal references in the volume. 

The classes of persons included are the Delegates to the Colonial and Continental 
Congresses ; the Senators, Representatives, and Territorial Delegates of the Federal Con- 
gress ; Cabinet Ministers ; Justices of the Supreme and other Federal Courts ; Officials 
of ±he Executive Departments ; Governors of States and Territories ; Diplomatic Ministers, 
and such other men as have held positions of honor and trust in the civil service, 
sxerted an iufluence on public affairs, or acquitted themselves with acknowledsjed credit, 
l^ndeed, in a few instances, I have over-stepped the line which separates the civil from 

he military and naval history, but all the names thus added have a place in the 

earts of their countrymen, and no apology, I trust, will be required for their intro- 

uction. 

My purpose has been to give, in the most concise and impartial manner, a practical 

id comprehensive idea of the working of our Government, as exhibited through its 
; 'rsonal representatives at home and abroad. Of many men more might have beeu 
\ itten, but that was not deemed expedient in a work of this kind ; and where n' 



enough has been said the fault must be attributed to the indifTereuce of the persons 
mostly interested, or to the neglect of their friends ; and I have made it a point to 
express no ojjiuious of living men, and but seldom to echo public opinion in regard to 
the dead. 

The information here presented has been obtained chiefly from original sources, 
and from the archives of the Government ; while, for many of my facts and dates, I 
have availed myself of other opportunities, and am especially indebted to the publica- 
tions connected with the names of Jolin L. Blake, S. Austin Allibone, George Ripley 
I-Vancis S. Drake Joseph Thomas, and Frederick A. P. Barnard ; and I cannot but 
hope that these records will lie found so correct and conveniently arranged as to render 
the volume indispensable, as one of reference, for all those who feel an interest in the 
political annals and future welfare of our country. 

Georgetown. District of Columbia, 

J .uuary, lS7b CHARLES LANMAN. 



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I 



CONTENTS 



Pag? 

Biographical Annals 1 to 568 

APPENDIX. 

Alphabetical Lists of Senators and Eepresentatives in each Congress ixiii-lxvii 

Amendments to the Constitution of the United States xvi-xix 

Area of the United States , viii 

Articles of Confederation vii 

Cabinet Ministers Ixxvii-lxxix 

Clerks of the House of Representatives Ixxvii 

.Colonial Governors of America xciv 

Constitution of the United States xi-xv 

Declaration of Independence i 

Delegates to the Colonial Congress i 

Delegates to the Continental Congress jdii- 

DipJomatic Agents of the United States Ixxxvi 

District of Columbia cvii 

Executive Officers of the Civil Service Ixxix 

Judges of the United States Circuit Courts Ixxxiv 

Judges of the United States District Courts Ixxxiv 

Judges of the United States Supreme Court Ixxxiii 

Judges of the United States Territorial Courts Ixxxv 

Letter of the Convention to the old Congress xvi 

Origin of the Names of States cvii 

Pay Table of the Leading Civil Officers Ixxxiii 

Presidents of the Continental Congress viii 

Presidents of the United States ; Ixxvii 

Presidents of the United States Senate , xxi 

Presidents pro tem. of the United States Senate xxii 

Proceedings in the Old Congress xvi 

Proceedings of the Convention which framed the Constitution xv 

Secretaries of the United States Senate Ixxvii 

Sessions of the Continental Congress viii 

Sessions of the Federal Congress xxi 

Settlement of the States and Territories civ 

Signersof the Declaration of Independence iv 

Speakers of the House of Representatives xxii 

State and Territorial Governors of the United States xclv 

State Ratifications of the Constitution xvi 



FOR COMPLETE SKETCHES 

of (lie foHowiBg persona — received too late for classification — see pages 5ii6. 567 and 5C8. 

BISHOP, EICHARD M. 
CHENEY, PERSON COLBY. 
CHURCH, LOUIS KOSSUTH. 
HAWKINS, ALVIN. 
JACKSON, JOHN J. 
JAMES, CHARLES P. 
KIXKEA0, JOHN H. 
LeDX'C, WILLIAM G. 
PI TNAM, JAMES 0. 
RICHMOND, LEWIS. 
ROBERTS, ORAN MILO. 
KUBI.EE, HORACE. 
SEAX V.-ILLIAM A. 
STEARN& MARCELLUS L. 
V,VNC£, ROBERT B. 





M?7J 



V 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Abbett, Lieon; was born at riiiladclpliia, TVnii- 
svlvania, (K'Niliir s^ ls:!(i; was cducatucl in Ur' iiulilic 
scliiiiils (if tli.it city, paihiatins IVoni tlic I'liiladcl- 
pliia llii;Ii ScliiKil in \f-X\: sindiod law; was admitted 
to till' liar, and ontfrcd upon tlie piactice of law, in 
Philadclpliia, in 1S57; in iwti2, settled at Hoboken, 
New .Jersey, in the praetiee of his profession; in 1S():5, 
was appointed Corporation .\ttorney of Hoboken; in 
Isii-l. was elected a l\e])resentative in the New .Jersey 
I.eiiislatnre; was re-elected in 18()5; was again elected 
to the same position in ISds, and was ^'hosen Speaker 
of the Jlonse; was re-elected to liotli positions in 
1H()I); was, durint; the snnw period, Corporation Coim- 
.sel Jiir I'.ayonne City and the Town of Union; in 1872 
was a Deleiiate to the Democratic National Conven- 
tion: in 1.S74 was elected a State Senator; in 1876 
became Corporation Counsel of.Ter.sey City, New Jer- 
sey, to which place he had removed in ISttt!; wa.s a 
Delegate to the Demoeratie National Convention in 
l^7i;. and was elected Chairman of the New .rersey 
Delegation; in 1877 wa,s elecled President of the State 
Senate; ill 188;i was elected Ciovernor of New .Jersey 
for the term of tlirce years; in IS84 ^YXs Chairman of 
the New .Jersey Delegation in the Demoeratie Na- 
tional Convention. 

Abbot Joel ; wa.s liorn in Fairfield, Connecti- 
ent, cniigrated to Georgia ; was elected a Kepresenta- 
ti\(^ ill Congress from Wilkes County, in that State, 
from 1817 to 182.5, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Commeree and the Slave Trade. Died 
November 10, 1821). 

Abbott Amos ; was born in Antlover, Massaehu- 
selts. Se|ilciiibcr II), 178() ; was educated at a district 
school, but spent the most of his life as a trader and 
merchant. During the years 1835, 18:«i, and 1812. 
was a Kepresentative in the Ma.ssachu.setts Legi.sla- 
Inre ; from 1810 to 1842 wa-s a member of the State 
Senate; rejircsenteil his native State in Congress from 
181:j to 1849; opposed the war with Mexico, but 
voted for supplies. Died at Andover, M;issachusetts, 
November 2, IBUS. 

Abbott, John C ; ^vas born in Concord, New 
Hampshire. .Inly 1,5, 1825; received an academic 
education; studied law and came to the bar in 18.52; 
from 18.52 to 1S57 owned and conducted the Jlim- 
chcsftr Giiiinlitm : was t^uarter-llaster General of 
Jlilitia from 18.55 to 18()I ; from 185!) to 18(il was one 
of the owners of the Ilo^loii Alius and lice: in IStil 
raised a regiment of troops for the war, and was ap- 
pointed Lieutenant-Colonel; in 18(i;i was made Col- 
onel; in 18(15 was br<-vetteil a Brigadier-tieneral "tor 
gallant services in the capture of I'ort Fisher ;" soon 
j*'. after settled in North Carolitia, and engaged in the 
, lumber business; was a Delegate to the State Consti- 
tutional Convention of 18(i7; elected to the .State 
Legislature early in 18(i8; was elected a Senator in 
Congress, in 18(i8, for the term ending in 1871, serv- 
^ ing on the Committees on .Maniifacture.s, Military 
' I AlVairs, tlie I'acitic Kailway, and Enrolled Bilks. 

1 Abbott, Josiah G. ; was born at Chelmsford. 
'\Ma.ssacluisetts, November 1, 181.5; re<^ei\ed a classical 



education, graduating from Harvard T'niversity in 
18;;2; studied law ; was admitti'd to the bar in 18;?5, 
and engaged in practice; was a Kepreseutative in the 
State Legislature in 18:!(1, a .State Senator in 1841 and 
1842; was .Judge of the .Superior Court in 18.55; suc- 
cessfully contested the seat of Rufus S. Frost as a. 
K'epresentativc from Massachusetts to the Forty- 
fourth Congress, and took his seal .July 28, 1876. 

Abbott, Nohemiah ; was born at Sidney, Maine, 
March 211, 18(lli; was a lawyer liy profession; was a 
mcniher of the House of Ivepresentatives, in the 
Maine Legislature, in 1842 and 184:J; was elected a 
Kepreseutative from Maine to tlic Thirly-lilth Con- 
gress, serving as a member of the Committee on 
l-icvolutionary rensions. 

Abercrombie, James; was born in Georgia, 
and, removing to .Mahama, was a Representative in 
(-'ongress Irom that State, from 1851 to 1855. 

Acheson, Marcus 'W.; ivas born in Pennsyl- 
vania; received .1 collegiate eilucation; .studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar; settled at Pittsburgh, 
Pennsylvania, in the practice of his profession; in 
.Tanuary, ISso, was appoinled United States Di.strict 
.Judge l()i' the Western District of Pennsylvania, re- 
siding at Washington, in that stale. 

Acker, Ephraim L.; was born in Marlborough 
township, I'cnnsylvania, .Tanuary 11, ls27; was edu- 
cated in common schools, and graduated at Marshall 
College, Pennsylvania, in 1847; taught school two 
years; graduated in medicine at the Univci-sity of 
Pennsylvania in 18.52; was editor and juibli.shi'r of 
Thf .\'iri-i.'<(itini Uifjislcr; Suiicrinlendent of Common 
Seliools for iMontgomery County liom 1854 to 18()'0; 
"as appointed Postm.a.ster at Norristowri in 1860, and 
removed after serving about eleven months; wa,s In- 
sjiector of Montgomery County pri.son three yeivrs; 
was elected a Representative ironi Pennsylvania to 
the Forty-second Congress, serving on tlie Militia 
Committee. 

Ackerman, Amos T.; was Ijorn in New Hamp- 
shire in Islil; received a good education; studied law, 
and came to the bar in l.'^ll; in 18.50 removed to 
Georgia and settled in Kllierton, where he practiced 
his profession: in 18(i(! was appointeil United States 
.\ttornev for the District of Georgia, and remained in 
oMice until lf70; in that year wa-s apiioinfcd .Attorney- 
GeiH'ial of the United States, and continued in that 
position until 1872. 

Acklen, Joseph Hayes; w:is born at Nash- 
ville. Tennessee, May 20, 1850; was educated partly 
by a private tutor, partly at liurlington Cidlegc. and 
finally graduated, successively, at two Ibreign Uni- 
versities; graduated in the law at Cumberland Uni- 
versity, Tennessee, and commenced ])raetieeat N;ish- 
ville; removed to Memphis; afterwards abandoned 
his profession and became a sugar i«lanter in Louis- 
iana: w;i.s elected a Representative from Louisiana to 
the Forty-lillh Congress; re-elected to the Forty-sixth 
Congress. 



B I O G K A 1' ] I 1 C A L AN X A I. S . 



Adair, John ; \\ as Iwrn in Cliester County, Smitli 
C'aiolinii, in 17.">S; cmi.uiateil to ICcntucky in 17^7: 
served as a Major in the border warfare of the time; 
•was elected to "tlie Kentiiolvy Legislature, servingone 
year as Speaker; in 17!.)y wasanieudjer of the Con ■men- 
tion ivhieh formed the State Constitution; sub«'- 
quently held the otiiee of Eegister of the Land Ottiee 
in Kentueky; was a Senator of the United States, 
from Kentiieky, during the -years 1^05 and 18011; 
commanded tlie Kentueky troops at the battle of 
New (Orleans, under General Jaekson, and was ap- 
pointed a tieneral in the army; was elected a Kep- 
resentative in . Congress from Kentucky from 18:U 
to 1833, and was a member of the Conmiittee on 
llilitary Atlairs. Died at Harrodsburg, May 19, 1840. 

Adams, Andre'w; was born in Stratford, Con- 
necticut, in January, 1736; graduated at Vale Col- 
lege in 1700; adopted the profession of the law, and 
settled in the practice at Litchfield in 17(!1; from 1777 
to 17S2 was a delegate from Connecticut to the Con- 
tinental Congress, and was one of the signers of the 
Articles of Confederation; in 178!) was appointed a 
•Judge of the Supreme Court of Connecticut, and in 
17i)3 Chief Justice of said court. He received tiom 
"^ale College the degree of LL.D. ; died November 26, 
1799. 

Adams, Benjamin; was born at Worcester, Mas- 
saehu.setts; was a member of the Legishitiu'e, as Bep- 
resentative, I'rom 1809 to 1814, and as Senator, in 1814 
and ISlo, and tTom 18;2-3 to ISio; was a Kepicsenta- 
tive in Congress ti'om his native State, from 1816 to 
1821, liaving first been elected to fill the vacancy 
("luscd by the deatli of E. Brigham, and was a mem- 
ber of the Conmiittee on Revolutionary Pensions and 
Public Expenditures; died at Uxbridge, Massachu- 
setts, in April, 1837. 

Adams, Charles; was a resident of Colorado; in 
1880 was appointed I'nited Stales Minister to Bolivia. 

Adams, Charles P. ; was born in Boston, Au- 
gust 18, 1807; spent tlie most of his boyhood in St, 
i'eter.sburg and London, whilst his father, Jolm Quiney 
Adams, V,;. ; Minister to Russia and England: gradu- 
ated at Ilar\ard University in 1825; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1828; served three years 
in the Lower House, and two years in the Upper 
House of the Massachusetts Legislature; in 1848 was 
a Delegate to the Buffalo Convention, and elected 
President; ■\\as the candidate tin' Vice-President cm 
the ticlcet \vitli Mr. Van Buren; was elected a Rep- 
ri'sentative li'om Massachusetts to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Jlauutiictures, and as a incndier of tlie Special Com- 
mittee of Thirty-three on tlie Rebellions States. He 
w:us at one time t he editor of a paper called the Bosloii. 
Wliif/: wasacontributor to the .Vri/Wi Aiiurican Hevicw, 
and the editor of the well-known Adams Letters: was 
the author of the standard I'liography of his grand- 
father, .lohn Adaius. Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, but was appointed liy President Lincoln 
Minister to England, in 1861. In 1864 the degree of 
LL. D. wa-s ('onferred upon him by Harvard University ; 
and in 1869 he became an overseer of that institution. 

Adams, C. H. ; was born in Coxsackie, Greene 
('■luuty, New York, in 1824; studied law and inae- 
ticed iintil 1850, when he engaged in raanufactm-ing 
at Cohoes, New York; served as Trustee and Presi- 
di'nt of the AVater Board in that place before it was 
made a city. In 1851 served as Aid to the Governor. 
In 1857 wius elected a member of the Assembly; was 
State Senator in 1872 and 1873; was a member of the 
Kepirbliciin National Convention in 1872; was, for a 



long time, President of the National Bank of Cohoes, 
aiufwas the first Mayor of the city; was elected a 
Representative from Ne\v York to the Forty-foiu-tl! 
Congress. 

Adams, G-eorge ; was a citizen of Jlississippi ; 
was appointed United States Judge for the District 
embracing that State; resided at Natchez. 

Adams, George Everett ; was born at Keene, 
New Hampshire, June 18, 1840 ; removed to Chicago, 
Illinois, in 1853 : graduated from Harvard University 
in 18(;o ; studied law at Dane Law School ; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1865, and engaged in practice at 
Chicago ; in 1880 was elected a State Senator for a 
term of live years ; was elected a Representative from 
Illiufiis to the Forty-eighth Congress and resigned 
the Senatorship March 3, 1883 ; was re-elected to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Adams, George M. ; was born in Knox County, 
Kentucky, December 20, 1837 ; was educated at 
Centre College; studied law^; was Clerk of the Circuit 
Court of Knox County from 1859 to 1861 ; subse- 
quently served for a few months as a Captain in the 
Union Army ; was an additional Paymaster of Vol- 
unteers from 1861 to 1865; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Kentucky to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on the Militia and Freedmen's 
Affairs. Re-elected to the three succeeding Con- 
gress(<s, serving on the Committee on Indian Aflairs; 
in 1875 was elected Clerk of the House of Represen- 
tatives of the Forty-fom-th Congress. 

Adams, Green; was born in Barboursville, Knox 
County, Kentucky, August 20, 1812; was bred a 
tanner; read law and adopted that profession; in 
18:'.2 and 183:'. was Deputy Sheriff of Knox County: 
in 1839 was elected to the State Legislature, and was 
re-elected; was a Representative in Congress from 
Kentucky, from 1847 to 1849, and was a member of 
the Committee on Engraving; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1814 and 1856, and- a Judge of the Ciicuit 
Court of Kentucky from 18.51 to 1856. In 1859 was 
elected a Representative from Kentucky to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Post (>nices and Post Jioads. In 1861 was appointed 
by President Lincoln, Sixth Auditor of the United 
slates Treasury; was Disbursing Clerk in the House 
of Representatives at Washington, ii-om 1875 to 1881; 
died .lanuary 18, 1884- 

Adams, James Hopkins; was born in South 
Carolina about 1811; graduated at Yale College in 
1831 ; was a member of the Legisla.ture and Senate of 
South Carolina; was Governor of. that State li-om 
1855 to 1857. After the secession of South Carolina 
fi'om the Union was one of the Commissioners ap- 
pointed to confer with the President concerning 
United States property in South Carolina; died near 
Columbia, South Carolina, July 27, 1861. 

Adams, Je'wett "W.; was elected Governor of 
Nevada for the term of four j-ears li-om January, 1883. 

Adams, John; was born at Braintree, Massa^ 
chusetts, October 30, I'i'io; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1755; in.strueted a class of scholars in 
Latin aiid Greek for a subsistence; studied law, and 
lia\ ing been admitted to the bar, settled at Quiney 
to practice his profession. As a member of the Con- 
tinental Congress, from 1774 to 1777, was among the 
foremost in recommending an independent Govern- 
ment; in 1777 was chosen Commissioner to the Court /' 
of Versailles. On bis retui-n w;is chosen a member \ 
of the Convention caUed to prepare a form of govern- ' 
ment for Massachusetts. In September, 1779, was 



)// 



''<mf-<>- 




< 'm^'> 



y/. 



5, 2 . cAiiuwA 






UIUGK Al'lIlCA 1. A \ N AL.S. 



njipointed Minister rienipotentiary to ne;;(iliate a 
IJfiife, and had autlioiity to I'onii a commercial treaty 
with (;r<'at Britain. In June, 1780, was appointed 
Ambassador to Holland; in 1782, went to Paris to 
engage in tlie negotiation for peace, having previously 
obtained assurance that Great Britain would recog- 
nize the independence of the United States. Alter 
serving oil two or three commissions to Ibrm treaties 
of amity and commerce with Ibreign powers, in 17So 
■was api)ointed lirsl .Mini.ster to London; and, in 1788, 
liaviiig liei'ii absent nine years, returned to America. 
In Jlarch, 1781.), the new C(mslitution of the L'nited 
States went into operation, and he became the lirst 
Y ice- President, wliieh olliee he held during the whole 
of Washington's admini.stration. On the ictirement 
of Washington lie became, March 4, 17i)7, Presid<'nt 
of the United States. This was the terminati<m of 
his jjublie functions, and lie spent the remainder of 
liis days upon liis farm in Quincy. Died on the 
I'ourth of July, 18:20, witli tlie same words on liis 
lips «hieli, lilty years before, on tliat day, he bad 
uttered on the floor of Congress: "Independence for- 
o.verl" His principal publications \v(n\; " Lettei-s ou 
the American Revolution,'' "'Defense of the Ameri- 
can C'onstitiitious," au " Es.say on Canon and I-'eu(h>l 
Ijaw," a series of letters under the signature of Xo- 
vanglus, and " Di«cou]-ses on Davila." It was as 
Vice-Pr<'sidcnt tliat he had a seat in tiie Senate. In 
]8;)(j his life and wTitings were published, in ten vol- 
umes, edited by his grandson, C. F. Adams. 

Adams, John ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Ureene Coimty, New York, from 18:!:3 to H:!"). 
and was a member of the Committei; on Invalid Pen- 
sions. Died at Catsldll, >;ew York, Sex)tember -28, 
1S54. 

Adams, John J. ; was born in tlie Province of 
?Cew Brunswick (now Dominion of Canada), Seiitciii- 
ber IG, 1848; attended the ordinary country scl.iKils 
(there were no free schools in the Province at that 
time) until about the age of sixteen, when he removi'd 
to X(^w Yorlc city; entered tlie employ of Messrs. 
11. B. Claliin & Co., dry-goods merchants, where he 
remain<'d until 1874 ; entered Columbia Law College 
and giatluated in the class of 187() : was admitted to 
the bar in that year and commenced practice in New 
York city ; was elected a Kepresentativf from New 
Y'ork to the Forty-eighth Congress ; was re-elected a 
Kepre-sentative to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Adams, John Quincy; was born in P.raiii- 

trce (now Quincy,) Ma.s.s.achu.setts, July U, 17(>7. 

When ten years of age, accompanied his father to 

France ; and when fifteen, was Private Secretary to 

the American Minist(!r in Ku.ssia ; graduate:! at 

Harvard University in 1787; studied law in New- 

I'lnyport. and settled in Boston. From 1791 to 1801 

;i.s' American Miui.sfer to Holland, England, Sweden 

:.id Pru.ssia ; was a Senator in Congre-ss from 18|i:j to 

1-08 ; ])rofessor of Rhetoric in Harv:ud University, 

w ith liiuited duties, from 1800 to 1808 ; in 180!) was 

^pointed Minister to Russia ; a.ssisted in negotiating 

.'Treaty of Ghent, in 1814 ; assisted, also, :is Jlin- 

. :er. at the Convention of Commerce with (iicat 

l;ritain. in 1815 ; was Secretary of State under Prcsi- 

i! nt .Monroe ; was chosen President of the United 

;ites iu IS'Jo, serving one term. In 18:>1 was 

.eted a Representative in Congicss, and continued 

in that position until his death, which occurred in 

the Spea.ker's room, two days after falling from his 

seat in the House of Rejnesentatives, February 2:{, 

1848.» His hist words were: "This Ls the end of 

earth; I am content.'' He was Chairman of several 

of the most important committees, and always a 

working member of the House. He published "Let- 



ters on Silesia," "Lectures on Rhetoric and Ort\ 
atory," and various "Poems," besides many oc^ 
casional letters and speeches. His unjiublished writ-, 
ings, it is said, would make many volumes. An 
elaborate history of his life was published in 1875, 
e<liied by his son, Charles Francis Adams. Com- 
pU:te works in jjress. 

Adams, Parmeiiio; was born in Hartford, Con- 
necticut ; was a Uepvescnt alive iu (,'ongress from 
l>;ita\ ia, Genesee County, New York, from 18:3;; to 
18:>7. 

Adams, Robert H.; was a Senator in Congieis, 
from Missi.ssi])])!, Ijy appointment, from .lanuary to 
May, in 18:!0; died at Natchez, on the second day of 
.July following. 

Adams, Samuel ; \vas born in Boston, Massa- 
chusetls, September 27, 172;J; graduated at Harvard 
University iu 1740; studied for the ministry: re- 
ceived the degree of A. ."^I. in 171:!: was one of the 
lii-st wlio organized measures of resistance to the 
mother country, and drew up the instructions of the 
town of Boston against taxation in 17lM; was elected 
a Representative in 1705; was chosen Clerk and 
served in that body for ten years, and, it is .said, he 
suggested the Congress that assembled at New York 
in 17(i5. and the non-importation agreement of 17(>!); 
addressed a public meeting the day aft('r the Boston 
massacre, and was Chairinan of the Committee to de- 
mand the removal of the troops. In 1772 organized 
t!ie Committee of Correspondence, which was lirst 
adopted by Massachusetts, and followed Ijy all the 
provinci-s; was a signer of the Declaration of Indc- 
l>eruleuce ; was one of those who matured the plan of 
tlie Continental Congress, and was Delegate from 
.M;>.ssachiisetts from 1774 to 1782 : signed the .Vrticles 
of Confederation; was a member of the State Con- 
vention which adopted the Federal Constitution, and 
made .some amendments to that instrmueiit ; on the 
adoption of the State C<);istitution, was made Presi- 
dent of the Seiuite : was Lieutenant Governor of 
.M:(ssachusetts from 17-^0 to 1704. tiiid tiovernor from 
1704 to 1707 ; die 1 iu P.oston, (October 2, 1803. 

Adams, Samuel; was acting Governor of Ar- 
kansas in H44. 

Adams, Stephen; was a n;itive of Franklin 
County, Tennessee: was a member of the Senate of 
that State. Removing to Mississippi, took an active 
part in public alTaii-s ; was a memlier of the State 
Le'i.slature; a Ixcpresentative in Congress, from 1815 
to T847 : was elected Judge of the Circuit C'oiirt, and 
from 18.52 to 1857 was a Senator in Congress, from 
.Mississip])i, serving on several committees ; removed 
to Tennessee, with the intention of practicing law at 
Mem))hi.s, where he died of small-pox. May 11, 
1857. 

Adams, Thomas ; w;is a ' iVoiu Vir- 

ginia to the Continental Congress, iroai 1778 to 1780, 
iuid signed the .Articles of Coufederation. 

Addams, "William; was bom in Lancaster 
Countv Peniisvlvania; was A;.Jitor of Berks County, 
PennsVlvania, in 181:5 and 1814; C imissioiicr of 
the Countv from 1>^14 to 1817; member of the State Leg- 
islature from 1"22 to 18:M: was a Representative in 
Congress from Pennsylvania, from 1625 to 1^20: As- 
sociat<^ Judge of Berks County from 1^-'>'J to 1^42. 
Died in the spring of 185-*, aged eighty-two years. 

Adee, Alvey A.; was bom at Astoria, New 
York, November 27. l-'42 : was ediuated by prnate 
tutors: studied civil engineering; was Secretary of 
the American Legation at Madrid, Spain, Irom 1870 



BIUCKA I'lIlCAL ANNALS. 



to 1S77, several times acting as Charge (V Afnira; in 
1877 was transferred to the Department of State, at 
Wasliin<;ton; in 1878 became Chief of tlie Diplomatic 
Division of that Department; in July, 1882, was ap- 
pointed Third Assistant Secretary of State. 

Adgate, Asa; was a Representative in the Leg- 
Islatnre of New York from Clinton County, from 1798 
to 1799; was a Hcpresentati\e in Congress from Es- 
se.K County, in that State, from 1815 to 1817; was 
again a member of the Legislature in ]s:>3. 

Adrain, G-arnett B.; was born in the city of 
New York, DecemVjer 20, 1816; graduated at Rutgers 
College, New .lersey, in 1833; studied law, and was 
admitted to tlie bar in 1837; was a Representative 
from New Jersey in the Thirty-tifth Congress, serv- 
ing as Cliairman of the Committee on Engraving; was 
also elected a mend)er of the Thirty-si.vth Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on Engraving. 
In .lanuary, 18(jl, lie offered the resolution of tlianks 
to Major Robert Anderson for his deliLTise of Fort 
Sumter. After l('a\ing Congress he practiced h.is 
profession. 

Ahl, John A.; A\as born in Strn.sburg, Franklin 
County, IVnn.sylvaiiia, in August, 181.5; received a 
good English education; .studied medicine with his 
father and graduated at the "Washington Medical 
: College'' of Haltimore; abandoned his profession in 
185U, an<l turned his attention to various kinds of 
manufactures; was elected a Representative from 
Pennsyhaiiia to the Tliirty-tifth Congress, serving as 
a member of the Committee on Manufactures. 

Aiken^D. "Wyatt; was born ;it Winnsboro, 
South Carolina, March 17, 1828; graduated at the 
South Carolina College in 1849 ; taught school for 
two years ; engaged in farming ; ser-\ed in the Con- 
federate Army, during the war of the Rebellion, from 
18()1 until disabled by wounds ; was elected a Rep- 
resentative in the State Legislature in 18G4, and a.gain 
in 18(;ii; was a dele.iate to the Democratic National 
Convention of 1870; was elected a Repre.sen'tative 
from South Carolina to the Forty-lifthj Fort.v-sixth, 
Fortv-.seventh, and Forty-eighth Congi-esses, and ^vas 
re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Aikin, "William; was born in (.'harlcston, South 
Carolina, in 18()(!; graduated at the South Carolina 
College in 182.'); was a mendier (jf the State Legisla- 
ture in 1838, 1840, and 1842; was Governor of South 
Carolina in 1844; a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 18.51 to 1857. Me was considered 
one of the most successful rice-planters in his native 
State, and was one of the leading men of his State 
who did not take part in the Kclullion. Noted for 
his liberality, benevolence, and culture as a .scholar. 

Ainslie, Geoi'ge ; was born in C'ooi)cr C'ount.y, 
Missouri, tktober 30, 1.838 ; received a common school 
education, and attended St. Louis University two 
years ; studied law ; was admitted to practice in 
18)0, and removed to Colorado ; in 18()2 settled in 
that portion of Waslungton Teriitory which now 
constitutes the Territory of Idaho ; .served in the 
Territorial Legislature, and was President of the 
Council during one session ; was (?ditor of a news- 
paper from 1809 to 1873 ; was elected District Attor- 
ney in 1874 and re-elected in 1870 ; was elected a 
delegate from Idaho to the Forty-si.vlh and Forty- 
se\enth (_'ongresses. 

Ainsworth, Lucien Lester ; was born in New 
\Voodsto<-k, New York, .June 21. 1831 ; educated at 
the common schools and at the Oneida Conference 



Seminary, New York ; studied law and was admitted 
to practice in 1854 ; in 1855 removed to West Union, 
Iowa ; was a member of the Lower House and Senate 
of the State for several .years ; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Iowa to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Akers, Thomas Peter ; was elected a Repre- 
.sentative from Missouri to the Thirty-fourth Congress, 
for the unexpired term of J. C4. Jliller, and served 
one session. 

Albert, William J.; was liorn at Baltimore, 
Maryland, August 4, 1816 ; educated at St. Mary's 
College ; was bred a merchant ; retired from business 
in 1856 ; was a Preisidential Elector in 18(i4 ; was 
subseijuently interested in banking and manufac- 
ture.s ; w-as elected to the Forty-third Congress, 
serxing on the Committee on Foreign Afl'airs. 

Albertson, Nathaniel ; was born in Virginia ; 
was elected a iicpresentative in Congress from the 
First Congressional District of Indiana, from 1849 to 
1851, and was a member of the Committee on Public 
Lands. 

Albright, Charles ; was born in Berks County, 
Pennsylvania, December 13, 1830 ; educated at Dick- 
inson College ; studied law, and came lo the bar in 
1.S.52 ; in 1854 visited Kansas, and in 1856 returned 
to Pennsylvania ; in 1860 was a Delegate to the Re- 
])ublican National Convention ; entered the Army 
in 18{)2 : was commissioned Colonel, commanding 
the Third Brigade, at Chancellorsville ; was placed 
in command of Camp Jluhlenburg. Pennsylvania, to 
organize troojjs ; in Jul.v was sent to Pliihulclphia to 
assist in the draft ; in September, 180 1. ivas a.ssigned 
to an independent command to i>rotect Railroads and 
tlie outer d(^f(!n.ses of Washington ; in March, 1865, 
Avas promoted to brevet Brigadier-General of Volun- 
teers ; alter the war was sent to the command of the 
Leliigh military district, to pacify tumults in the 
mining regions ; in 1865 was mustered out- of service ; 
in 1872, was ;i Delegate to the Republican National 
Convention at Philadelphia ; was elected to the 
Foitv-third Congress, serving on ,the Committee on 
Military AlVau-s/ 

Albright, Charles J. ; was born in Pennsyl- 
vania, and was elected, from the State of Ohio, a 
Reprt'sentati\e to the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Alcorn, Jaines Lusk ; was born November 4, 
1816, near Golconda, Illinois; .settled in Kentucky; 
was educated at Cumberland College; was appointed 
Deputy Shcrifl' of Livingston County, and held the 
ollice for live .years ; in 1843 was elected to the Legis- 
lature ; removed in 1844 to Mississippi; entered upon 
the practice of law ; served sixteen years in the 
Legislature of that State, in the House and Senate ; 
in 1852 was chosen Elector ; was nominated for Gov- 
ernor in 1857, but declined; was founder of the Levee 
S.ystem in his State; in 1858 was chosen President of 
the Levee Board of the Mississippi-Yazoo Delta ; was 
elected to the State Convention of 1851, and again to 
that of 1861, the latter bod.y electing him a Brigadier- 
General ; in 1805 was elected to the Senate of the United 
States, but not allowed to take his seat ; in 1869 wa.s 
elected Governor of Mississippi ; was elected to the 
Senate of the LTnited States in 1871, for .six years, 
serving on the Committees on Mine.s and Mining, 
Revision of Laws, Naval Afl'airs, and Levees of the 
Mississippi River. 

Aldrich, Cyrus ; was born in Smithfield, Rhode 
Island, in June, 1808 ; received a common-school 
education ; followed the various occupations of a 



B I ( ) (i R A r 1 1 I ( • A I. A X X A L S . 



5 ■ 



sailor, a boatiiiaii, a t'ariuer. a contractor on ii;il>lic 
■\voiks. aiul a mail contractor; was a member ot" tlie 
Illinois Lcgislatuie; also a Kegister of Deeds and 
L'egister of the Land Ollice, at iJixon, in that State, 
for four years ; having removed to llinnesota, was a 
member of the Constitutional Convention of that 
.State; member, of the Count}' Board of Hennepin 
<-'ounty, in that State : was elected a Kepresentative 
from Jlinnesota to the Thirly-sixth Congre-ss, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Agrieulture. Ke- 
■eleeted to the Thirty-sexenth Congress; was Chair- 
man of the Committee on Indian AlVairs. Alter 
leaving Congress w;is appointed, by Pnwident Lin- 
coln, a Commissioner to settle claim|S against the 
^ioux Indians. In February, 1867, was appointed, 
by President Johnson, Postmaster at Minneapolis, 
Minnesota. 

Aldrich, Nelson "W. ; was born at Foster, Rhode 
Island, November 6, 1841 ; received an academi'c 
education; engaged in meicuitilo pursuits; was 
President of the Common Council of Providence, 
l;hode Island, iu 187'2 and 187:5 ; a memlier of the 
8tate House of Reijre.sentatives in 1875 and 1871!. 
servingas Speakerduring the latter year; was elected 
a liepr('sentative from Rhode -Island to the Forty- 
-si.xth and Forty-seventh Congresses; resigned in 1881 
to take his scat as a Senator of the United States 
from Rhode Island for the term of si.K veare from 
iMarch 4, 1881. 

Aldrich, William ; was born at Greenfield, X'ew 
York, in Jauuaiy, 18:20; was roared on a farm ; re- 
<'eived a good cdiu:ation ; taught school for a time ; 
in 184(i engaged iu mercantile pursuits ; in 18.")1 re- 
moved to Vv'isconsin and engaged in nu^rchandising 
and manufactuving ; was Superintendent of Scliools 
for three years; was Chairman of the lioard of Super- 
visors one year ; was a member of the State House of 
Representatives in IS.'J!); removed to Cliicago, Illi- 
nois, in 18(i(), and engaged in the wholesale grocery 
business; was a member of the Board of Aldermen 
in 187(i; was elected a Kepresentative from Illinois 
to the Forty-fifth, Forty-si.xth and Forty-sevcntli 
I'oiigresses; died at Foud du Lac, Wisconsin, Dceem- 
l)er 3,1885. • 

Alexander, Adam R. ; was I)orn in Washing- 
ton County, Virginia; was elected a Representative 
in Congress from JIadison County, Ti^nne.ssee, from 
182;5 to 18-J7. and served as a member of the Commit- 
tee on I'ost Utlices and Post Koad.s. 

Alexander, A. M. ; was born in Clark County. 
Kentucky, May U6, 18;54; removed to .Missouri, and 
.settled at Paris; studied law; was admitted to the 
bar in I8(>() and engaged in jiractice; wa.s Prosecuting 
-Attorney of Monroe ('ounty tor six ye:us; was a Dele- 
gate to tlie State Constitutional Convention of 1875 ; 
\\as elected a Representative from Jlissouri to tlie 
Forty-eighth Congi-ess. 

Alexander, D. S.; was born at Richmond, Maine. 
July 17, 1845; served three years as a pri\;ite soldier 
<lurilig the War of the Rebellion ; recf'ived a cla.ssical 
■ location, graduating fnnu Bowdoin College in 1870; 
|.ublished the Fort Wayne (Indiana) Dnili/ G<jzrll( 
until 1874; settled at Indianapolis, Judiana, in the 
p.aetiee of law; in 1881 was appointed Fifth .Vuditor 
<;f the United States Treasury at Washington. 

Alexander, Evan ; was born in Xorth Carolina ; 
graduated at Princeton College in 1787 ; was a mem- 
ber of the Legislature for two years : was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Xorth Caroliiui from 1805 
to 1809. Dieil (Jetober 28, 1809. 



Alexander, Henry P. ; was born in New York, 
in l'-^0-> ; engaged ia c:)m:neree ; was a Representative 
in Co:igre.ss from Herkimer Cou'ity, in tliat Stjite, 
from 1849 to 1851, and w.is a member of the Com- 
mittee on KxpciuUtures in the State Department. 
Died at Little F;ais, February -ii, 18()7. 

Alexander, James, Jr. ; was born in Maryland ; 

was a ri-sideiil of SI. Clairsvillc, Belmont County, 
Ohio; was ele(!led a Representative in Congress from 
the Kleventli District of tliat State, from 18:J7 t« 
1839, ;ind was a member of the Cominittee on Public 
Expenditures. Died August (j, 1840. 

Alexander, John ; was elc<;ted a Representative 
in Congress from Ohio, Miiy 4, 1813, .ser\ing till 1817. 

Alexander, Mark ; was born in Mecklenburg 
Coniity, Virginia, February 7, 1792; was elected a 
Repicseul alive in th(^ Static Legislature in 1815 ; wii-s 
a Representative in Congress from that State, from 
1M19 to 1833, and .served on the Committees on Revo- 
lutionary Pensions, Ways and Means, and Kxpend- 
itures in the State Department, and the District of 
('oliimbia. Died at Scotland Xeck, Xorth Caioliua, 
.July 0, 1883, ;iged ninety-one years. 

Alexander, Nathaniel ; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1770, and, after studying medicine, entered 
the army. At the close of tlie war resided at the 
lligli Hills of Santee, pursuing his in'ole.ssion, and 
aft(U-w;irds at Mecklenburg. While he held a .seat in 
Congress, as a Representative froih Xorth Carolina, 
from 18ii:{ to 1805, the Legislature elected him Gov- 
ernor li>r ISOU. Died at Salisbury, March 8, 1808, 
aged fifty-two. In all his public statiims he dis- 
charged his dutj" with ability and firmness. 

Alexander, Robert ; was a Delegate from ^Liry- 
land to the Continental Congress from 1775 to 1777. 

Alford, Julivts C. ; was born iu Georgia ; was 
elected a Representative in Congress fnmi Troup 
County, in that State, from 1839 to 1842, and served 
as a member of the Committee on Indian Affairs. 

Alg-er, Russell A.; was born in L;ifayette Town- 
ship, .Medina t'ounty, Ohio, February 27, 1830; when 
eleven years of age he lost both his parents and w:us 
thiown upon his own resources to secure a livelihood 
and support a younger brother and sister ; lie worked 
on a farm until he was eighteen years of age, attend- 
ing the Richlield, Ohio, .Icademy during the winter 
terms; then taught school lor .several winters; in 
1857 began the study of law, and, in 1859, was ad- 
mitted to the bar by the State Siqucme Court ; re- 
moved to Cleveland, Ohio, and entered a law otiice, 
but impaired health compelled him to abandon the 
prolcssioii of the law ; he then removed to Grand 
Rapids, .Michigan, anil engaged in the lumber busi- 
ness ; at the breaking out of Hie Civil War he en- 
listed in the Second .Michigan Cavalry; was elected 
Captain and was muslcred into service with that 
rank ; he served until 18l>3, rising to the rank of 
Colonel, and was then coniiiclh'd. liy ill-health re- 
sulting from wounds received iu battle, to resign ; at 
the close of the war was bievetted Brigadier tieueral 
and Major General ''for gallant couihict;" in 1805 
settled in Detroit, .Michigan, and eiigagi^d in the 
lumber business; never w;is a candidate for, or was 
elected to any public ollice until, in l.-'sf, he was 
elected Governor of the State of Mieliigan. 

Allen, Andrew; was a Delegate from Pennsyl- 
vania to the Continental Congress in 1775 to 1770. 

Allen, Charles; was born in Wonestir. Ma.s.sa- 
eliusetts, .\iigust !), 1797 ; w;us a mcmlicr of the State 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Legislatnve in 1829, 1833, 1834, 1838, and 1810 ; a 
State Senator in 1835, 1838, and 1839 ; Judge of the 
Court of Conmion Pleas from 184-2 to 1844 ; was a 
Eepresentatixe in Congress from 1849 to 1853, and a 
member of the Committee on the District of Colum- 
bia ; Chief Justice of the Superior Court of Suffolk 
County from 1858 to 1859 ; su1)sequentl.y Cliief Justice 
of the Superior Court of the State ; was a member of 
the State Const itutional Conventions of 1853 and 1859; 
a Commissioner to negotiate tlie Welt.ster Treaty in 
1842 ; was a Delegate to the Peace Congress of 18G1. 
Died in Worcester, August 6, 18(J9. 

Allen, Charles H.; was born at Lowell, Massa- 
chusetts, April 15, 1848; received his early educa- 
tion in the puljlic schools ; graduated from Amherst 
College in 18li9 ; engaged in mercantile pursuits ; re- 
ceived the degree of A. M. from Andierst College in 
1872 ; held several local otSces in Lowell ; was a Kep- 
resentative in the Massachusetts I^egislature in ISSl 
and 1882 ; was a State Senator in 1883 ; in 1884 was 
elected a Representative from JIassachusetts to the 
Forty -ninth Congress. 

Allen, Chilton ; was born in Albemarle County, 
Virginin, Ai)ril (>, 1786: settled in Kentucky as a 
wheelwright ; educated himself for the legal profes- 
sion ; fjom Clark County was elected, in 1811, to the 
Legislature of Kentucky, and re-elected for se\eral 
terms ; M'as a Representative in Congress from tiiat 
State from 1831 to 1837, officiating as Chairman of 
the Committee on Territories, and a member of the 
Committee on Foreign AiVairs ; in 18.'!8 was Presi- 
dent of tlie r.oard of Intei-nal Improvement ; and in 
1842 was again returned to the State Legislature, 
which was the last public position lie occuiiied. Died 
at Winchester, September 3, 1858. He «as a uuui of 
ability and of rare virtues. 

Allen, Elisha H.; was born in New Salem, Massa- 
chusett.s, January 28, 1804 ; was bred a lawyer ; served 
m the Legislatnre'of Maine from 183G to 1S41, and in 
1840 ; in 1838 as Speaker ; was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Maine from 1841 to 1843, sci'v- 
ing as a member of the Committee on Manafactures ; 
in 1847 removed to Boston ; was elected to the Jlassa- 
chusetts Legislature in 1849; after which he was 
appointed Consul to Honolulu ; afterwards became 
connected with the Cfovernment of tiie Saiulwich 
Islands ; in 185(j visited the United States as Envoy : 
in 18.57 was Chief Justice and Chancellor of the Sand- 
wich Islands, serving until lHt>4 ; was the Hawaiian 
Minister at Wasliingicm tor a number of years. Died 
suddenly while attcudiDg the President's reception, 
January 1, 1883. 

Allen, Heman ; was born in 1770 ; was a resi- 
dent, if not a native, of Milton, Vermont; ad()|ited 
the profession of the law, in which he becanu; distin- 
gui.slicd ; was a Representative^ in Congress from Ver- 
mont li-om IS33 to 183!l, serving as an active niend)er 
of thc' (.'omniillee on Claims; subse(|uently settled in 
Burlington, Vermont, where he died December 11, 
1844. 

Allen, Heman ; was liorn in 1779 ; \vas a resi- 
dent of Ci)l(4iester, Verminit ; graduated at Dart- 
nu)uth College in 179,5, and a(l(>]Ueil lb.' profession of 
the law ; was Sherill" of Cliittenclen County in IsitS 
and 1809 ; from 1811 to 1814 was (.'liief Justice of tlie 
Chittenden County Court ; from 1812 to 1817 was an 
a<:tive member of the State L<'gis'atine; was appointed 
(.Quartermaster of Militia, with the title of Brigadier ; 
was a Trustee of the University of VeruKjut ; was 
lii-st elected a R<'presentati\e in Congress from Ver- 
mont in 1817, but resigned in 1818 to accept, from 



President Monroe, the appointment of United' States 
Marshal lor the District of Vermont ; in 1823 received 
from the same President the appointment of Minister 
to Chili, which post he resigned in 1828 ; in 1830 was 
apiiointed President of the United States Branch 
P.ank, at Burlington, Avhich office he held nntil the 
expiration of its charter, after which he settled in the 
town of Highgate, Vermont, where he died of heart 
disease, April 9, 18.52. 

Allen, James C; was born in Shelb.v County, 
Kentucky, January 28, 1823 ; received a good com- 
mon-school education ; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in Indiana in 1843; in 184G was elected 
Prosecuting Attorney in the Seventh Judicial Dis- 
trict of Indiana lor two years ; in 1850 and 1851 was 
elected a member of the State Legislature ; was chosen 
a Keiiresentative in Congress from Illinois, from 1853 
to 1855, and re-elected lo the Thirty-fourth Congress; 
was chosen Clerk of the House of Representatives for 
the Thirty-tifth Congress; in 1SG2 was elected to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress as a Rci)resentative, serving 
on the C'ommittee on In. Han All'airs and Unfinished 
Business. 

Allen, John ; was born in Great Harrington, 
Massachusetts, in 17G3 ; was a lawyer by proie.^sion ; 
was a member of the State Council of Connecticut for 
scNcral years ; was a Representative from that State 
during the last Congress which was held in Philadel- 
phia, from 1797 to 1799. Died at Litchfield, Con- 
necticut, July 31, 1812. 

Allen John J.; was born in Virginia; was a res- 
ident of Harrison County ; was elected a Rejjreseiita- 
tive in Congress Irom Virginia, from 1833 to 1835, 
and served as a member of tlie Committee on the 
District of Columbia; snbse(piently held the office of 
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia. 

Allen, John M.; was born in Tishomingo Coun- 
ty, Mississipjji, .July 8, 1847 ; received a common- 
school education; served in the Confederate Army 
throughout the Civil War ; after its close, attended 
the Law School of Cund)erland University, Tennes- 
see, and in 1870 graduated in law from the University 
of iMissis.sippi ; in the same year was admitted to the 
bar, and commenced the practice of law at Tuiielo, 
Mississiiipi ; in 1875 was elected District Attorney 
for the First .Tudicial District of Mississippi, in Which 
jiosition he served four years ; in 1884 was elected a 
Uepre.sentative fi'om Jlississijipi to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Allen, John W.; \'>as born in Litchfield, Coti- 
neeticut, in 1802 ; settled in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1825; 
was a member of the Senate of that State from 18:55 
to 1837 ; also Jlayor of Cle\eland ; wius elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 18L'7 to 1841, serving as 
a member of the Committee on the Militia and Mili- 
tary Affairs. He n-s\(i the son of John Allen, of Great 
Barriugton, JIassaehusetts. 

Allen, Joseph; was born in Boston ; was a mer- 
chant in Leicester, and benefactor of the Academy 
there ; twice Klector for President ; was a Clerk of 
the County Court and a State Councilor ; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Massachusetts, from 1810 
to 1811, having succeeded J. Upham, resigned. Died 
at Worcester, September 2, 1827, aged seventy-eight 
years. 

Allen, Judson ; was born in Connecticut ; re- 
moving to New York was elected a Repiesentative in 
Congress from that State, from 1839 to 1841, and was 
a member of the Committee on Mileage. 



Bloc UAPHICAL ANXALS. 



Allen, Nathaniel ; w;is))oin in Dutchess County, 

• New York ; served in the Assembly of tliat State in 

ISlri; was a liepresentativc in Congress, from 181!) to 

1*01, and a member of the Committee on llanul'ac- 

turi'S. 

Allen, P.nlip ; was liorii in I'rovidenee, Kliode 
Island, SeptcD-ber 1, 17H.") ; jii'a'liiafed at Brown Uni- 
versity in 1803 ; was eleeted to tIl<^ State Legislature 
in ISII), 1S2II, and 18:21 ; devoted much attention to 
the business of manul'aelurinn;; was (iovcrnor of 
Ivliode Island durinj^ the years 1851, 18.'):i, and 185:i ; 
was eleeted a Senator in Congrp,ss from his native 
State, from March 3, 1S53, for six years, serving as a 
member of the Committees on Commerce an<l on 
Na\al AiTiiirs. He constructed the lirst Watt & lioul- 
ton Steam Engine in Providence. Died in Provi- 
dence, Khode Island, December 10, 18Uo. 

Allen, Richard C; was a citizen of Florida, and 
was one of tlie earliest tJnited States . Judges afipoint- 
ed lor the District embracing that State. 

Allen, Robert ; was born in Angnsta County, 
Virginia; was a (^'olonel in the army under Ueneral 
Jackson; a Keiirescntative in Congress from Tennes- 
see, from 1819 to IS'iT, serving as a member of tlu' 
Coninrittees on Commerce, the Library, and Kevolu- 
tionary Claims. Die<l at Carthage, Tennessee, Au- 
gust lU, 18()4, aged sixty-seven years. 

Allen, Robert ; was born in "Woodstock, Shenan- 
doali County, Virginia, .Inly 30, ITIM ; was educated 
at Dickinson and Washington Colleges, having left 
the latter iustitnliou on a furlough of three months, 
for the purpose of joining a volvmteer military forces, 
in 1813, but returned and graduated ; studied law, 
and practiced in his native place ; tor a time held the 
ollice of Pro.sccutor lor the Commonwealth ; served 
live years iii the Senate of Virginia; was a Ke)H'e- 
.sentative in Congress from that State, from 1827 to 
1833, serving on the Committee I'or the District of 
Columbia. 

Allen, Samuel C; was born in Franklin Coun- 
t.'\', JIassachnsetts, .launary 5, 1772 ; graduated at 
Dartmouth College in 17!)4 ; Was a Ue])resentative in 
tin-- Massachusetts Legislature from I80(! to 1810; a 
State Senator fr<mi islri to 181.'"), and in 1831 ; a 
memlier of the K.vecutivo Oiuncil in 18:2!) and 1830 : 
was a l;e])rc.sentative in Congress from Ma.ssachusetts 
from 1817 to 1820, olhciating as Chairman of the 
Committee on Accounts. He was at one tinu- a Con- 
gre.gational preacher, but subseiiuently turned his at- 
tention to law and literature ; died at Nortblield, 
February 8, 1812, aged seventy years. 

Allen, Thomas; wsis born .at Pi llsliekl, Massa- 
chusetts ; was educated at Union College ; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar; in 1837 renu)ved 
to Washington, District of Columbia, and engaged in 
the printing and newspaper business; in 1812 re- 
moved to .8t. Louis, ilissonri ; was a State Senator in 
1850 and 1854 ; became largely interested in rail- 
ways, and was, for many years, I'resident of railway 
(a)rporations ; was elected a Kcpre.sentati\e from 
Jliss<niri to tlie Fort\-seventh Congress ; died .\pril 
7, 1882. 

Allen, Willia.m ; was born in F.denton, North 
Carolina, in l-^nO ; received a good education ; was 
connected by family ties with Allen (i. Thurman : 
was an early emigrant to the State of Ohio ; adoptiMl 
the profe.'^sion ol' the law ; was a liciire.sentati\e in 
C >ngress from Ohio from 18:j:; to 1835, .serving as a 
member of the Committee on Indian Affairs ; was 



elected a Senatin- in Congress from 1837 to 18 10, serv- 
ing as a member of several important Committees. 
In 1874 became Governor of Ohio, serving as such un- 
til 1870. 

Allen, "William ; was born in Butler County, 
Ohio, August 13, 1827 : received a good Knglish 
education ; taught school for a time ; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1849; in 18.50 Wiis 
elected a County Prosecuting Attorney, and re-ekcted 
in 1852; in 1858 was eleeted a L'epresentative from 
Ohio to the Thirty-si.vth Congress, ser\ing on the 
Committee on Accounts ; re-elected to the Thirt.v- 
scventh Congress, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on K.'cpcnditures in Interior Department ; was 
a Delegate to the Chicago Convention in 18(i|, and 
also to the Philadelphia "National Union Conven- 
tion" of 1800. 

Allen, "William J.; w.ts born in Tennessee in> 
1828; removed, with bis lather, to Illinois in 1829 ; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1848; 
in 1854 was elected to the Illinois Legislature; in 
18.55 was appointed United Slates Attorney lor the 
District of Illinois, which ollice he resigned in I860, 
and was then elected .Judge of the Circuit Court. In 
18(i2 was elected a K'epre.sentative from Illinois to the 
Thirty-seventh Congri-ss, lor the unexpired term of 
.John A. Logan, resigned, and was re-elected to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Claims. 

Allen, "Willis ; was born in T<nnessee ; was a 
Representative in Congress from Illinois, from 1851 
to 1855. 

Alley, John B.; was born in Lynn, Massachu- 
setts, .lanuary 7, 1817 ; received a good common- 
school <Mlncati(>n ; «as appren'ired to a shoemaker ; 
recei\ed his freedom when nineteen >'eai:s of age, 
after which he <levoted himself to trading ; snb.se- 
quently cntercil largely into the shoe and leather 
business ; served several years in the City Councils 
of Lynn ; was a membcroftlu^ Governor's C'oiuicil in 
1,-51 ; a member of the Massachusetts Senatein 1852 ; 
of the State Constitutional (..'onvention held in 18.53 ; 
in 1858 was elected a Kepresentative from Ma.ssa- 
chusctts to the Thirtj' -sixth Congress, serving on the 
(y'ommittee on Post Offices and Post Jioads. Ke- 
eU'cted to the Thirty-seventli, and al.so to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, .serving as Cliairman of the Commit- 
tee on Post Ollices an<l Post Roails. Ke-elccted to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving again on the Past 
OtVice C'ommittee, ami as a mendicr of that on /the 
Bankrupt Law ; was a Delegate to the Philadelpiiia 
•'Loyalists' Convention" of 1800, 

Allison, James; was born in Cecil County, 
Maryland, October 'I, 1772 ; studied law and ac- 
(piircd a high position at the bar of Western Peun- 
.syhania ; was elected a Rei)rese,ntative from that 
State to the Eighteenth Congress ; was re-elected to 
the Nineteenth Congress, baton account of ill health 
and his dislike of public life, <leclined the position; 
after pra<ticing his profession for tifty years, didd in 
June, 18.51. 

Allison, John ; was a son of .Tames Allison, and 
was born in Pennsylvania, August 5, 1812 : stl(idicd 
law, but lu'ver i)racticed the profession : was eleeted 
to the A.ssembly of his State in 1840, 18 17, and 1849 ; 
wiis a Kepresentative from Pennsylvania to the 
Tbirly-sccond and Thirt.\-lourth Congresses, and de- 
clined a nomination lor re-election. On the 1st of 
April, 1809, was ajipointed K'cgister of the United 
States Treasury ; died at Washington .March, 23, 
1873. 



i! IOC. i;a phu'al aNiNals. 



Allison, Robert ; was born in Pennsyh ania ; 

was a Ki^picscntative in Congress, from Pcnnsyhauia, 
from 1831 to 183:!. 

Allison, "Wm. B.; was born in the townsliip of 
Perry, Wayne County, Oliio, Mareli 2, 18:21) ; spent 
the most of his boyliood on a farm ; was edneated 
chiefly at Allegheny College, Pennsyl\ania, and at 
the Western Reserve College, Ohio ; studied law, eame 
to the l)ar in 1851, and praetieed the profession in 
Ohio until 1857, when he settled in Dubniiue, lowii ; 
was a delegate to the Chicago Convention of 18i;u ; 
in 18(51 was a member of the Go\enior's staff, and 
rendered essential service in raising troops for the 
war ; in 18U:2 Wius elected a Representative from 
Iowa to llie Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Public Lands and Roads and Canals. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Coniuiittees on Ways and Jleans, Mines and 
jVIining, and Expenses in the Interim- Department. 
Ke-elected to the Fortieth and Forty-lirst Congresses. 
In 1873 was elected to the United »States Senate for 
the terra ending in 187!). serving a-s Chairman of tlu; 
Committee on Indian Affairs, and also on the Com- 
mittees on tlie Library and Appropriations ; was re- 
elected lijr the terra ending in JIareli, 1885, and in 
January, 1885, vvivs re-elected for a tliird term, end- 
ing in 1801. 

AUston, Joseph ; was born in 1778 ; was a 
platiter of e<lucation and ability; was several years 
a number of the South Carolina Legislature ; was 
Governor of that State from 1812 to 1814. Died Sep- 
tember 1(1, 1816. He married a daughter of Aaron 
liiur, aiul for that reason was suspected, but un- 
justly, of being concerned in the questionable enter- 
prises of that famous man. His wife was lost at s<',a 
on lu-r pa.ssage from New York to Charleston in 1812. 

AUyn, Joseph P.; was a native of Connecticut, 
from wliich State be was ai)pointed an Associate .Jus- 
tice of the United States Court for the Territory of 
Arizona. 

Alsop, John ; was born in Jliddletown, Connec- 
ticut ; was an opulent merchant, and by his ability, 
patriotism, and integrity secured his election to the 
Continental Congress in 1774, serving two years in 
that l)ody. On the occupation of New York by the 
British, "he withdrew to Middletown, Connecticut, 
returning after the peace. Died in 1791. 

Alston, Lismuel J.; was a Represeiuative in 
Congress from South Carolina, from 1807 to 1811. 

Alston, "William J.; was born in Georgia: re- 
mo\ing to Alaliauia, was a Representati\e in Con- 
gress from that State, from 1849 to 1851, and was a 
meiulier of the Comuuttee on Post Ollices and I'ost 
Ro;;ds. 

Alston, Willis ; was 1iorn in Ilalilax County, 
North Carolina; aopcarcil in pulilic life as early as 
]7!)4, .serving in the State Legislature forseveral years; 
Avas a Iiei>icsentati\e in Congress from Nt>rth (_'aro- 
liiia. from 17!W to I8l5. aud from 1825 tolKil. Dur- 
ing the war of L-^l 2 was Chairman of the Committee 
on V\'ays and Mca:is. Died April 10, l-<37. 

Alvorcl James C; was a native of Massachu- 
setts; received a liberal education ; ado]itcd the pro- 
fession of the law ; served one terra in <Mcb branch of 
the Slate Lei.;isUiture ; was elected a Representative 
from Mas.saehnsetts to the Twenty-sixth Congress, 
but died in the lailer pa.t of 183!), l)elore taking his 
seat. 

Ambler, Jacob A.; was born in Pittsl)urgh, 
Pennsylvania, February 18, 1829; studied law in 



Ohio ; in 1857 was elected to the State Legisla- _ 
ture. and served two terms ; in 1859 was appointed " 
Judge of the Ninth .ludicial District of the State, and 
served until 1867, when he resumed the practice of 
his profession ; was elected to the Forty-tirst Con- 
o-re.ss. and re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Foreign .Vlfairs. 

Ames, Adelbert ; was born in Rockland, Maine, 
October 31, 1835 ; received a classical education ; en- 
tered the Military Academy at AVest Point, and grad- 
uated in 18(;l ; was commissioned second Lieutenant 
of Artillery ; bre\ettcd Major for gallant ser\ ices at 
the battle' of Bull Run, where he was wounded; 
In-evetted Lieutenant-Colonel for services -M the bat- 
tle of Malvern Hill ; was appointed Colonel of Vol- 
unteers ; brevetted Colonel for services at the battle 
of G(tttysburg; brevetted JIajor-General of Volun- 
teers for" serxiees at Fort Fisher, and again brevetted 
]\lajor-(iencral. United States Army, at tile close of 
the war. for gallant and meritorious services in the 
Held during the Rebellion : was appointed Pio\isional 
Governor of Jlis.sissiiipi in 1868; appointed to the 
commanil of the Department of Mississipjii in 1869; 
was elected to the United States Senate for six years, 
taking his seat in 1870, and serving on the Commits 
tees on Military Affairs and Re noval of Political Dis- 
abilities. In 1873 was elected Governor of Missis- 
sippi. 

Ames, Fisher ; was born in Dedham, Massa- 
chusetts, .\pril 9, 1758; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1774; studied law in Boston, and com- 
menced practice in his native town ; distinguished 
himself as a member of the Massachusetts Conven- 
tioji tiir ratifying the Constitution in 1788; from that 
body passed' into the State Legislature; was soon 
afte'r\vards elected a Repre.sentative in Congress, 
where he .served from 1789 to 1797, and gained great 
reputation tor his eloi|uence and exalte! patriotism; 
He was ih-votedly attached to Washington, and wiis 
the author of the ' ' Address " from the House of Rep- 
resentatives to tlie President prior to his retirement 
from ofUce. After leaving Congress, he devoted liira- 
sclf t'or a few years to the jnactice of his profession, 
and, later, turned bis attention to liirining ; was elect>- 
ed President of Har\ard University in 1804, but de- 
clined the honor, and received from that institution 
tlie degree of LL. D. He WTote much for the papers 
on the iiublicaflairs of America, England, and France, 
and lioth as a wTitca- and orator attained a very prom- 
inent position, and exerted an extensive influence. 
Died in Dedham, July 4, 1808. In 18C9 a c<dlecti(m 
of Ids writings, and his life, were published by Rev. 
Dr. Kirkham ; in 1854 a more complete edition w;ts 
issued, editetl by his sou. 

Ames, Oakes ; was born in Easton, Bristol 
County, M:issachusetts, January 10, 1804 ; was, for 
years, a manufacturer ; was, for two years, a member 
of the Executive Council of the State ; in 1862 was 
elected a Representati-v'e from Massachusetts to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Revolutionary Claims and Manufactures. Re-elected 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on the Pacific iiailroad and Manufactures ; 
was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' 
Convention" of 1866; re-elected to the Fortieth, 
Fortv-first, and Forty-second Congresses. Died in 
North Easton, May 8," 1873. 

Ancona, Sydenham E.; was born in Warwick, 
Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, November 20, 1824; 
removing to Berks Coimty, was, lor several years, 
connected with the Reading Railroad Company ; in 
1860, was elected a Representative from Pennsyhania 



B I O G K A P 11 I C A L A N X A LS . 



to tliK Thirty-seventli C'oniiicss. servinj!; on the Com- 
mittees on the Militia and on Manutactiircs : was re- 
elected to the Thiity-ei!2;lith Con^iess, serving; as a 
member of the Committees on MamiCaetiires and ou 
the Militia. Re-eleoted to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
m'ess. servin<r on the Committee on Military Afi'airs; 
was one of the Kei)resentatives <lesi<;nated by the 
Ifonse to attend the funeral of (Icneral Seott, in 
IStJO. In March, ISIJT, was ajipoiiited. by I'resident 
Johnson. Navy Asjent at Philadelphia, bnt was not 
confirmed by the Senate. 

Anderson, Alexander ; was a Senator in Con- 
gress from tlie Knoxville District, Tennessee, dnrinn; 
the years ls-l() and l-'Jl. juirt of a term, and served 
as a member of the Committee on the Militia. 

Anderson, Charles; was .\clln<; Governor of 
(.)hio in 1S(J5 and IStiti ; was by profession a lawyer ; 
■was a man of liigh culture, and lor many years was 
an inllueutial citizen of Cincinnati. 

Anderson, Charles E.; w.is a citizen of Xew 
York ; in ISIJU was ap])ointcd fSecretary of Leijation 
to France ; in the li)Ilowins year was made acting 
Clinir/r tP .iffaiirx; after remaining two years abroad, 
returned to the United States. 

Anderson, Charles M.; was born in .Tuniafa 
County, Pennsylvania, .January o, 181.5; removed, 
with his parents, to Ohio in l^.").") ; served in the Union 
Army throughout the Civil AVar ; studied law, and 
^vas admitted to the bar in 1^08 ; engaged in practice 
at Greenville, Ohio; in IS->4 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Ohio to the l-'orty-ninth {'ongre.ss. 

Anderson, George "W.; was born in .lefierson 
Cqnnty, Tennessee, May -22, 1.^:52 ; received a liberal 
education ; adopted the profession of the law ; set- 
tled in Missouri in 18.53 ; in 18.54 became tlie editor 
of tlu^ Xorth Erisi 3Iis.soitn'tnt newspaper ; in 18.5s w'as 
elected to the State Legislature ; in 18(>2 was chosen 
a State .Senator, remaining in that capacity until 
18(i5. when he resigned, having been elected a Rep- 
resentative from Missouri to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Pul)lic Lands, and 
as Chairman of the Committee on Mileage. Early in 
ISfil organized a Hiune Guard, and was ciiosen Colonel 
thereof; w'as subse(|uently commissioned a Colonel of 
Militia, and had command of the Forty-ninth Regi- 
ment of his State: was a Delegate to tlu^ Philadel- 
)]hia "Loyalists' Convention" of 18GG, and was re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress. 

Anderson, Hugh J.; was born in Maine, in 
18t)l; was Clerk of the Waldo County Courts from 
18-J7 to 1837; a Representative in Congress from Maine, 
from 1837 to 1841, and a member of the Committee 
i>n Naval Alfairs; was a lawyer by profession; Gov- 
< rnor of Maine from 1844 to 1817; a Presidential 
IClector in 184!); Commissioner of Customs in Wash- 
ington, from 1853 to 1.85-^. In October, ISfiti, was 
appointed, by President Johnson, Si.\th Auditor of 
tne Treasury. 

Anderson, Isaac; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Peiuisylvania, from 180;J to 181)7. 

Anderson, John ; was born in Cumberland, 
Maine; was a graduate of Dowdoiti (,'ollege in 1813; 
studied law and was ailmitted to the bar in 181(i; was 
a member of the Maine Senate in 1^:24; was elected a 
i;e;jveseiitative in Congress from Cumlierland County, 
Maine, from 1825 to 1833, serving as a member of the 
tommiltee on Elections and Naval Allaii'S ; was 
Mayor of Portland in 183:! and 184-2: United States 
District Attornej- from 1833 to 1837; Collector of 



Customs at Portland from 18:57 to 1841, and from 
1843 to 1848. Died August 21, 1853, aged si.\ty-one 
years. 

Anderson, John A.; was born in AVashington 
County, Pennsylvania. .June (i. 18:14 : graduated at 
Miami University, Oliio. in I8.5:S: removed to Cali- 
tbrni.t ; in 18.57 wasordaine<l a minister of the Pres- 
byterian Church ; was elected Trustee of the State 
Insane Asylum in I8(i0 ; was a Chaplain of Volun- 
teers in 18(i2 ; was in the service of the United States 
Sanitary Commission from 186:i to 1867 ; w-as Presi- 
dent of the Kansas State Agricultural College from 
187.5 to 187!) ; was elected a Representative from 
Kansas to the Forty-sixth, Forty-scvcntli and Forty- 
eighth Congresses : w;is re-elected to the Forty -ninth 
Congress. 

Anderson, Joseph; was born near Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania, November 5, 17.57 ; enjoyed what wxs 
called at the time ;i good educati<m ; studied law ; 
was appointed an Ensign in the New Jer.sey line in 
1775; was promoted to an adjutancy; as a Captain 
fought at the battle of Alonmouth ; also went in 1779 
with .Sullivan against theSi.vc Nations ; in 1780 was at 
Valley Forge ; in 1781 at the siege of York : alter the 
war retired with the rank of IJrevet Jlajor : practiced 
law in Delaware tor sev(!n years. In 1791 was a|)- 
pointed. by Wa.sbington, Judge of the territory .south 
of the Ohio Riv<'r ; remained in th;it position until 
the first Constitution of Tennessee was formed, which 
he aided in forming in Convention ; was an inlluential 
member of the United States Senate from Tennessee, 
fi'om 1797 to 181.5, serving at all times upon impor- 
tant committees, and acting on two occasions as 
President prn tnnpnrc of the Senate ; was appointed in 
1815 First Comptroller of the Treasury, where he re- 
m;uned until 18:JG ; died in W;ishington, .Vpril 17, 
1837. 

Anderson, Joseph H.; was born in New York ; 
was elected a Representative in Congress from that 
Slate, from 1843 to ls.l7. and was Chairman of the 
Committee on .Vgriculture, and a member of the 
Committee ou Expenditures in the Treasury Depart- 
ment. 

Anderson, Josiah M ; w:is born in Tennessee ; 
was ft R<'|ircsi>ntative in Congress Irom the Third 
District in that State, from 1849 to 18.52. and was a 
member of the Committee on Private Land Claims ; 
was Delegate to the Peace Congress of 1881. 

Anderson, J. P.; was born in Tennessee ; w;>s 
elected a Dcleg;ite to the Thirty-fourth Congress from 
the Territory of Washington. 

Anderson, Lucien; was born in Maytiehl, Ken- 
tucky, in June, 1824 ; received a good English educa- 
tion; adojjti^d the profession of the law; was a 
Presidential IClector in 18.52: served for two terms as 
a member of the Kentucky Legislature. In \t<& was 
elected a Representative from Kentucky to the 
Tliirty-eighth Congress, .serving as a member of the 
Committee on the District of Columbia. During the 
month of November, 180:!, was taken prisoner by a 
party of "Conlederates, " and retained in custody 
until just belore the meeting of Congress, when he 
was exchanged; was a Delegiite to the B;dtimore 
Convention of ISti-l, and a l)elegate to the Phila- 
delphia "'Loyalists' Convention" of 1S66. 

Anderson, Rasmus B.; was Imrn in Albion 
Towushij). Dane Coiinty, Wisconsin, of Norwegian 
parents, January 12. 184!i; received his early educii- 
tion in the comnion-sch<K)ls of his native county, and 
from the parish minister; at the age of sixteen entered 



10 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



a Norwegian College, at Decorali, Iowa, where he 
pursued his studies I'or upwards of three years; iu 
18BU, was elected Professor of Greek and of Modern 
Languages in Albion Academy, in his native county; 
which position he held until the spring of IrilJi); he 
then pursued a course of study iu the University ol 
Wisconsin for several months; and during the sum- 
mer of that vear was appointed Assistant Professcn- ot 
Languages in that institution; this position lie held 
untit l<:r-, when he was promoted to the I'rofessorship 
of Scandinavian Languages; with the assistance ot 
Ole Knll, he established, in the University, a Scandi- 
navian Library of great value; during the summers ol 
187:2 and 187;i he visited Europe, to perfect himselt 
in the literature of Norway; he has contributed 
largely to the advancement and knowledge of Norse 
litcnature both by original writings and by trans- 
latimis; among his principal original productions are 
"Norse Wvthology," and "DenNorske.MaalSag^';in 
1883 he resignedliis professorship; iu JIarch, 1S85, he 
was appointed, by President Cleveland, JSInusfer 
Eesident and Consul-General of the United States m 
Denmark. 

Anderson, Richard Clough, Jr ; was born in 
Louisville, Kentucky, Augvist 4, 1788 ; was sent at 
an early age to Virginia to be educated ; graduated 
at William' and llary College, and studied law under 
Judge Tucker ; reiurued to Kentiu'ky and com- 
meu'eed the practice of his profession, and became 
eminent as a lawyer ; was for several years a member 
of the State Legislature ; was a Kepre.scutative in 
Congress from Kentucky, from 1817 to 1S21 ; and de- 
clined a re-election iu 18-22 ; again entered the State 
Legislature, and was chosen Speaker of tlie House; 
in 1823 was appointed by Presi<lent Jloimie the lirst 
Minister to Columliia ; and in 182(> was apiiointed, by 
President Adams Envoy, to Panama ; on his way 
thither he died at Turbaco, July 24, 1826. 

Andei'son, Samuel; was born in 1774, in Penn- 
sylvania; serv(d rei)eatedly in the Legislature of 
that State ; w;is Speaker of the House during two 
sessions ; was elected ;i Representative in C'ongre-ss 
fi-om Pennsylvania, from 1827 to 1831), and was a 
member of "the Committee on the Boundary line of 
Missouri; died in Chester, Peuasylvania, January 17, 
18.30. 

Anderson, Simeon H.; was born in Garrard 
County, Kentucky. March 2, 1882; studied law. and 
practiced with success ; .served frequently in tlie 
Kentucky Legislature ; was elected a Representative 
in Congre,ss from the Fifth Congressional District of 
Kentucky, from 183;t to 1841, and served as a mem- 
ber of tlie Committee on Post Oihc'cs aud Post Roads ; 
died at his residence, near Lancaster, Kentucky. 
August 11, 1840, before the expiration of his term of 
service. He had t!ie reputation of being a remark- 
ably industrious, useful and amiable man. 

Anderson, Thomas L.; was born in Greene 
County, Kentucky, Decemljer 1, 1803 ; was self- 
ednoaied ; removed to Mi.ssouri in 1830, where he 
commenced the practice of law at tweaty-one years 
of age ; was elected to the Legislature, of that State 
in 1840 ; was a Presidential elc<-tnr in 1844, lf<48, 
lS.y2, and IS.'jti ; was a member of tlie 0>nveiition l<)r 
remodeling the State Constitution in |s4.'i ; was 
elected a ilepre.senlative to the Thirty-lifth Congress, 
serving a.s a member of the Committee on Invalid 
I'ensions ; was rc'-elected to the Tiiirty-sixth Con- 
gress, .serving on the Committee on l'ri\ate Land 
Claims. 

Anderson, William; was born in Cliester 
County, Pennsylvania in 17ti3 ; served throughout 



the Revolutionary War with credit, taking a promi- 
nent part in the siege of Yorktown. After the war 
returned to Delaware County. Pennsylvania ; w;u< a 
Representative in Cimgress from that State from 180» 
to 18ir>, and from 1^17 to 1819; was alterwanls 
a Judge of Delaware County Court, and a Custom- 
house lillicer at Chester, in that County, where he 
died, December 13, 1829. 

Anderson, William B.; was born in Jefferson 
Countv, Illinois, April 2, 1830 ; studied law, but 
never practical tlie profession ; was twice elected to 
the State Legislature and once to the State Senate ; 
was a Delegate to the Convention which frame.l the 
present Constitution : in 1861 exerted himself to 
raise a regiment of volunteers for the army, and com- 
manded it through the war, receiving the brevet title 
of Jlajor-General; in 1874 was elected a Representa- 
tive from Illinois to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Anderson, William C; was born in Lancaster, 
Ciarrard Countv, Kentucky, December 6, 1826; edu- 
cated at the College of Danville; adopted the profes- 
sion of the law: served in the Kentucky Legislature 
in 18.ll and 18.")3; w.as a Presidential elector in 1856; 
in 18.')!) was elected a Representative from Kentucky 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a member of 
the Committee on the District of Columliia; died at 
Franklbrt, Kentucky, December 23, 1861. 

Andrew, John A.; was born in Windham, 
JIainc. .\Iav 31, 18H ; graduated at Bowdoin College 
in ls:!7 ; came to the bar in Boston in 1840 ; was a 
Deiegate to the National Repuldican Convention of 
isijo" in the same year w;is elected (governor of .Massa- 
chusetts, and twice re-elected, making himself con- 
spicuous as one of the " War Governors ' ' of the North, 
bv his cnei-iiv in raising troops and his zeal against 
the institution of slavery ; in 1865 presided over a 
Unitarian Convention in Boston, and was President 
of the Ni'w England Genealogical Society. Died in 
Boston, October :io. l-'dl. An account of his official 
life was published in 186S, by A. G. Brown, Jr. 

Andrews, C. C; was a citizen of Minnesota ; In 
186!) was appointed Minister Resident to Sweden and . 
Norwa-y. 

Andi-ews, Charles ; was born in Paris, Maine, 
in 1814 : studied law. and was admitted to the bar 
in 1837 ; was Clerk of the County Court of Oxford 
County ; was a mc:nberof the State Legislature from 
1839 to 1843, a ])ortion of the time Speaker of the 
House ; was a Representative in Congrcs-S from Maine 
from 1851 to the time of his death, which occurred in , 

Paris Hill, Maine, April 30, 1852. ,1 

Andrews, Charles Bartlett ; was born at Sun- 
derland, Massachusetts, November 4, 1831 ; received 
a cla-ssical education, graduating at Amherst College 
in 1.^58 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1860 : settled at LitchUeld, Connecticut, in the prac- 
tice of his profession ; was a State Senator in 1868 and 
1869 ; was a Representative in the State Legislature 
in 1878 : was (iovevnor of Connecticut from 1878 to 
1880 ; in 1882 was appointed a Judge of the Superior 
Court of Couuectieut. 

Andre"ws, George R. ; was bnT:i in New York ; 
was a lli'preseutalive in Congress from the Foirr- 
teenth Congressional District in that State, from 1849 
to 1851, and was a member of the Committee on 
Elections. 

Andre-ws, John T.; was born in New Y''ork; was 
elected a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 18:;7 to 18:'.!), serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Expenditures in the State Department. 



B I O t; K A !• II I C A L A N N A L ,S . 



11 



Andre'wrs, LandafT W.; wns liorii in Floininp; 
County, Kentucky, Febniaiy l"i, 1H(KJ; graduated at 
Transylvania Uuiverslty in 1824; commenced the 
practice of law in 1826; was a member of tiie Ken- 
tuclcy Lonislaturc in 1834; in 1838 was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, servim; from 183!) to 1843: 
was a member of the Committee on KexoUitioiiary 
Pensions and Accounts; was a member of the Ken- 
tucky Senate. 

Andrews, Samuel G-. ; was born in Derby, New 

Ha\en County, Connecticut, Octol)er Ki, 1799; re- 
ceived an academic education; removed, with his 
fatlier, to Itoclicster, New York, in ISUi; was occn- 
pied chiefly in mercantile and maiutfacturing pur- 
snits; was lor several years Jlayor of Uo<-liester: was 
a member of tlie New York Ijcgishit lire in 1831 and 
183J fiom Jlonroe County, New York; Clerk of the 
Jlonnie Coiuity Court; Secr<'tary of the State Senate 
of New York for foiu- years; Clerk of the Court of 
Dernier Ktsort for four years; was Postmaster of 
Rochester; was elected a Representative from New 
Y'ork to tlie Thirty-fifth Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Roads and Canals. Died in 
Rochester, New Y'ork, in 18tS3. 

Andrews, Sherlock J.; was horn in ^Valling- 
ford. CouT^ecticut, in 18Ul ; graduated at Union Col- 
lege : settled in Cleveland, Ohio, in 18:i.">, and 
l>racticed law ; was .T-iidge of the Superior Onirt of 
that State ; was fleeted a Representative in Congress 
from Ohio, from 1841 to 1813, and was a member of 
the Committee on Commerce. 

Angel, Benjamin F.; was a citizen of New 
Y'ork ; in 1--.57 was appointed Minister I.'esident to 
Sweden and Norway. 

An!?el, William G.; was a native of New Shore- 
ham, Rhode Island ; was elected aRei)rosi:iU!tive in 
Congre-ss from Burlington, Otsego County, New York, 
from 182.5 to 1827, and jigain from 1829 to 1833, and 
was a member of the Committees on Indian Allairs 
and on Territories. 

Angell, James B.; was a resident of Jlichigan ; 
in 1880 W!is appointed United Stales Jlinister to 
China. 

Anthony, George T.j was Governor of Kansas 
from 1877 to 1879. 

Anthony, Henry B.; was born in Coventry, 
Rhode Island. Ajnil 1, 1815, ol' (Juaker ancestry ; 
g'.a<hialed at Brown University in 1833 ; in 1838 he 
a.ssumed the editorial charge of the I'rnviilincc Jonr- 
tfil. wliich he retained until called loa scat in the 
United States Senate; was elected (Jovi-rnor of Rhode 
Island in 1849; re-elected in 18.")i), and declined a 
* further re-election ; was elected a Senator in Congress 
from Rhode Island for the term commencing in 18.">9 
and ending in 18(-.'), serving as Chairman of the Coiu- 
mittee on Printing; was re-elected to the Senate lor 
the term ending in 1871, again serving at the head 
of the Printing Committee and as a member of the 
Committees on Claims, Naval .\11'airs. Mines and 
Mining, and Po.st Offices and Post Roads; was a 
member of the National Committee apjiointed to ac- 
company the remains of President Lincoln to Illinois; 
was one of the Senators designated by the Senate to 
attend the fun<ral of General Soil in 18(i(i; was also 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of ISGfi. On the meeting of the Forty-lir.st 
Congress was elected President of the Senate, ]»i) 
trm. Re-elected to the Senate in 1-^70, for the term 
ending 1877; was again re-electid in 187G, and again 
in 1882; died September 2, l>^-^4. 



Anthony, Joseph B.; was boru in Pennsyl- 
vania; was elected a Representative in Congress front 
that State, from 1-^33 to 1838, serving as a member 
of the Ciiinmittees on Territories and Jliliary .Yfl'airsj 
died at \Villianisi)ort, Pennsvlvania, January 17, 
18.31. 

Appleton, John ; was born in Beverly, Sla.ssa- 
chusetts, February 11, 181.3; gi-aduale;l at Bnwdoin 
College, Maine, in 1834 ; was adnvitted to practice 
law at Portland, Maine, in 1837. In the winter of 
lS38-'39 became editor of a Democratic^ newspa]ier in 
that city, T/ir ICasUrn. An/iis, and continned to lie its- 
editor for the next four or live years, during a part 
of \vhieh time he was also Regi-ster of Probate for 
the County of Cumberland. In 1845 accepted an in- 
vitation from Mr. Bancroft, tlie Secretary of the 
Navy, to become Chief Clerk of the 'Sa.vy Depart- 
ment: subsequently succeeded Mr. Trist as Chief 
Clerk'of the State Department, which was then pre- 
sided over by Mr. P>nch:man. In 1848 was apjioiut- 
ed, by President Polk, Clinrr/r iV Affaires of the United 
States to Boli\ia. On his return from that mission, 
which he resigned after the election of General Tay- 
lor, resumed the practice of law at Portland, in \>aTt- 
ncrship with Nathati ClilVord, subsequently one of the 
.Judges of the Supreme Court of the United States; 
soon afterwards, in Se|)teinl)er, 1850, was elected, 
from the Portlaiul District, a member of the Thirty- 
second Congress. In 1855 joined Mr. Buchanan, then 
United States iMinister to l^ngland, at London, as 
Secretary of Legation, but returned liome in time for 
the Presidential canvass of 185(;. In 1857, having 
been obliged, by reason of ill-health, to decline tht^ 
po.sitiou of editor of the W'nshinijlon I'niiin, which had 
been tendered him. w;is appointed, by President liu- 
chanan. Assistant Secretary of State. In Jlay, 1800, 
was appointed .Minister to Russia. Died at Portland, 
Slaine, August 22, ItiVA. 

Appleton, John James ; was 1x)rn at Calais, 
France. September 22, 1792, while his father was 
United States Consul at that place: graduated at Har- 
vard Universitv in 1813: wasSccrctary of Legation of 
the United Sttitcs to Portugal, from 1819 to 1822, to 
Spain,' from l'^22 to 18:J5; C/ifiiv/c iV Affiiircs to tlui 
Two Sicilies in 1825; and to Sweden in 1826. He re- 
sided in France, wliere lie owned a valuable estate. 
^Vhile at Stockholm he n(\gotiatcd a treaty of Com- 
merce. Died at liennes, France, March 4, 1804. 

Appleton, Nathan ; was born at New Ipswich, 
New Hampshire, October 6, 1779; cntereilDartiiiu;i:i 
College? in 1794, but left his studies there, after ' 
invited by his brother to ,;oii him in the mere m 
bu.sine.ss in Boston; became interested in the cotton 
manul'acture, and in 1821 was one of the three origi- 
nal founders of Lowell, Massachusetts; was, at dil'- 
ferent periods, :i member of the Legislature of Jlassa- 
chu.seits; from 1-'31 to 1833 was a Rcincsentative in 
Congress from Massachusetts, serving on important 
committees; was :ig:uii elected to Congress in 1812, 
but soon resigned his scat. Died at Boston, July 14, 
1801. A meiuoir of his life was published by Robert 
C. Wiuthrop. 

Appleton, William; was born in Biookfeld, 
Massachusetts, November, 1780; was educated for 
mercantile pui-suits, in which he was en_g:iged exten- 
sively and successfully for more than fifty .\ ears: IcHik 
a prondnent part in various i)ublic and bene\o!e:it 
cntcrpri.ses; gave much attention tobanking and finan- 
cial operations; w.ts for some yeai-s, and until the 
close of the institution. President of the Boston 
branch of the Bank of tlie I'nited St:ites: in 18.70 wa.s 
elected a Representative in Congress from 51;issachu- 



12 



B I O G E A P 1 1 1 C A L ANN A L S . 



setts; wns ro-olected in 185:3; was also elected to the 
Thirty-s('\ciitli Congi-ess. Died at Boston, in Febru- 
ary, IHfi'i. 

Archer, John; was born in Harford County, 
Maryland, in 1741, and gruduateil at Nassau Hall in 
1700; studied theology, but, on account of a throat 
afl'ection, turned his attention to medicine, and went 
through a course of study at tlie I'hiladelphia Medi- 
cal College, receiving the first nie Ileal diploma ever 
issued in the New \Voild; at tlie <-onimencement of 
the Kevolution had command of a military company; 
was a member of tlie State Legislature; and after the 
^\•nv practiced his profession; was a Presidential 
elector in 1797; w:is a Eepresentative in Congress 
from Maryland, from 1801 to 18U7; died in 1810. As 
a medical num he commandeil great influence, and 
several diseo\eries were made by him, w-hieh have 
been adopted by the profession. 

Archer, Stevenson ; was born in Harford 
County, Maryland; graduated at Princeton College 
in 1805; was a Judge of the Court of Appeals; was 
eleeti'd a Representative in Congress iVom JIarylaud, 
from ISll to 1817, when he was appointed Judge in 
Mi.ssisiippi Territory; was eliosen a K'cpresentative in 
Oongiess again, from 181!) to 18:21, and was a member 
of the Commitlee on Foreign Affairs; in 1845 ^vas ap- 
pointed Chief Justice of Maryland, whieii ollU-e he 
held unlil his death, in 1848. He was the son of 
John Arelier. 

Archer, Stevenson ; was born in Harford 
■County, Maryland, 1^:27; graduated at Princeton 
■College in 1840; adopted tli« profession of the law; 
■was a memlier of the JIaryland Legislature in 1854; 
in 18()(i was elected a Representative frcnn JIaryland 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committees 
-on Naval Affairs, E.xpenditures on Public Buihling.s, 
-and Education in the District of Columbia. His 
father, bearing the same na.ine, and his grandl'ather, 
John Archer, were both Kepresentativi's in Congress 
from the same District which he represented. Ke- 
elected to the Forty-lirst Congress; was a Delegate to 
the Ne^v York Convention of 18018; also re-elected to 
the t^vo sub.setiuent Congresses. 

Archer, William S.; was born in Amelia Coun- 
"ty, Virginia, March 5, 1789; came of a Welsh family, 
n number of whom ac(juitted themselves with honor 
in the K'evohitionary War; obtained the rudiments 
of his education at tlie best grammar schools of the 
day; gr:uluated at the College of William and Mary; 
studied law; in 1812 wius elected to the State Legis- 
lature, where he served, excepting one year, until 
1819; in l.'<:iO w-as electeil a Kepresentative in Con- 
gress from Virginia, wlii're he remained until ]s;!5, 
taking an active part in all matters of national im- 
portance, and exerting a wide inlluenc:e, especially as 
■Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Alfairs and 
ineml:ier of the Committee on the Missouri Com- 
promise. In 1841 was elected to the United States 
Senate, where he remained until lsl7, having, I'rom 
the lir.st, been placed at the head of the Committee 
on Foreign Relations in that Ijody. By his public 
acts, he commanded the respect of the eoirntry, and 
by the charms of his private character won the friend- 
ship of niaii.v of the leading men of his day. On his 
retirement irom public life, he devoted himself to 
the improvement of his paternal estate; and died 
March 28, 1855, of neuralgia, with which lie had been 
iifilieted for twenty years. 

Arnifleld, Robert Franklin; was born in Guil- 
ford County, North Caroliiui. July 9. l.s-il); received 
.:i collegiate education ; adopted the profession of the 



law; was County Attorney from 1855 to 1861; State 
Solicitor for the Si.xth District from 1883 to 1855; 
served in the Conlederate Army as Lieutenant-Colonel 
during the War of the Rebellion; was President of 
the State Senate and Lieutenant-Governor in 1875 
and 1870; was elected a Kepresentative fi'om North 
Carolina to the Forty -si.xth and Forty-seventh Co* 
gresses. 

Armor, Charles Lee ; was born in Virginia; was 
appointed, from Maryland, an Associate Judge of the 
United States Court, for the Territory of Colorado. 

Armstrong, David H. ; was born in Nova Scotia, 
October 21, 1812; recei\'ed an aeiulemic education, 
and was a teacher for eighteen years; in 1837 removed 
to Missouri, opening, in 1838, and conducting, in St, 
Louis, the first public school established under the 
laws of that State; in 1847 was appointed Comptrol- 
ler of the city of St. Louis and re-a])pointed in 1848 
and 1849; in 1854 was appointed, by President Pierce, 
Postuuuster of St. Louis; was appointed a United 
States Senator to till the vacancy caused by the death 
of Lewis V. Bogy, whose terra of service would lia\e 
expired iMarch 3. 1879. 

Armstrong, John; was a native of Pennsylva- 
nia; distinguished himself in the Indian wai's, and 
w-as consulted by the jiroprietors of Pennsylvania on 
all matters connected with Indian alfairs; in 177G, 
Congi'e.ss promoted liim from the rank of Colonel to 
thaf of Brigadier-General, and he assisted in the de- 
fense of Fort Jloultric, and in the battle of German- 
town; in 1777 resigned his commission in conseciuence 
of dissatisl'action as to rank; was sulisequently elected 
a Representative to Congress from Pennsylvania, serv- 
ing from 1793 to 1795; also held a number of other hon- 
orable offices. Died at Carlisle, Pennsylxania, March 
9, 1795, a few days after the expiration of his term 
in Congress, 

^ ■ 

Armstrong, John ; was born in Carlisle, Penn- 
syhania, November 25, 1755, and served as an officer 
in the Revolutionary War. At the close of the war, ' 
in order to obtain redress for the grievances of that" 
officers of the army, lie prejiared the celebrated 
"Newburgli Letters;" was a Delegate to the, Conti-_^, 
nental Congress in 1778 and 1787, from Pennsylvaniit; 
■vvas made Secretary of State and Adjutant-General 
of the State; to him was intrusted the direction of 
the last Pennsyh'ania war agiunst the Connecticut 
settlers of Wyoming. Ifeturniiig to New York, he 
was sent to the Senate of the Uuiled States, serving 
from 1800 to 1804, when he resigned. On the return 
of Chancellor Livingston from the French emlxussy, 
was commissioned Minister in his place, in 1804; 
and \vas also appointed a Commissioner Plenipoten- 
tiary to Spain. Keturning to his own country, was 
appointed a Brigadier-General in 1812; in 1813, Sec- 
retary of War, by President Madison, which position 
he resigned in oonsequenceof difficulties growing out 
of the capture of Washington. From that time he 
U\ed in retirement. He published a brief histor\' of 
the last war with England; died at Ked Hook, New 
York, April 1, 1843. 

Ai-mstrong, Moses K.; was born af; Milan, 
Ohio, September 19, 1832; was educated at tHe 
Western Reserve College; removed to Minnesota in 
185(>; was elected Surveyor of United States Lands; 
on the admission of Minnesota as a State, remo\ ed 
to Y'ankton, on the Jlissouri River; on the organiza- 
tion of Dakota, in 18lil, was elected to the First Ter- 
ritorial Legislature, and re-elected in 18G2 and 18(j3, 
serving the last year ;is Speaker; was editor of The 
Diil.ntd Cninn in 18f!4; was elected Territorial Treas- 
urer; appointed Clerk of the Supreme Court in I8(j5; 



B I 0(.i i; A 1' II 1 (' A L A .\ X A LS. 



13 



cloc-tcl to the Territorial Senate iu'lSOfi, eliosen 
I'resitlent in 18()7; published the tirst history of Da- 
kota, in ls(i7; acted as Secretary to the Indian I'eaee 
Coniniission to the Sioux: IVoni lS(i(> to lM(i!) estab- 
lished the base-lines for United States sur\cys in 
Southein Dakota, and the Xorthern Ked Kiver Valley; 
was ai^ain elected to the Territorial Senate in ISli!!; 
established the tirst Democratic newspaper in the 
Tei-rilory; was chosen President ofllie First National 
Bank of the Territory in 1H72; was elected Delegate 
to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses. 

Annstrong, S. T.; was elected Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor of Massachusetts in 1830, and was soon called 
n]ion to act as Governor of the State, in the place of 
Jcilui Davis. 

Armstrong, 'William ; was born in I^isburn, 
Antrim (.'ounty, Ireland, December :2:!, 1782; came 
to tliis country in 17!):2; received alimitcd education; 
studied law in Winchester, Virginia^ devoted liimself 
to mercantile pursuits. In 1813 was appointed, by 
President Madison, Collector for the Si.xth District 
of Virginia; in 1818 and 1810 wa.s a member of the 
Virginia Hou.se of Delegates; in 1822 and 1823, a 
member of the Board of Public AVorks; in 1820 and 

1824 was a Presidential Elector; liir many years a 
.Justice of the Peace; one year High SherilV of Hamp- 
.shire County; was a Pepreseutative in Congress from 

1825 to 18...3. 

Armstrong-, William H.; was born in AVilliams- 
port, Pennsyhaiiia, September 7, 1.821; graduated 
at Princeton College in 1847; adopted the profession 
of the law; was elected to the State Legislature in 
18(J0 and ISGl; was elected a llepresentati\e from 
Penn.syhania to the Forty-tirst Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Indian Aftairs and the Ci\'il Ser- 
vice; in 1882 was appointed Coniraissioru'r of Pail- 
voads in the Department of the Interior. 

Arnell, Samuel M.; was born in Maury County, 
Tenne.s.see, Ma_y 3, 1833; his grandfather having been 
a soldier in the Revolution, and ac(|uitted himself 
with credit at "King's Mountain;" was educated for 
the Cluirch, but taught a classic school and studied 
law; yi IS.")!) went into the business of manufacturing 
leather; in 1861 took an active interest in putting 
down the Kcbellion, and' suik'red in person and 
property ii-om the Confederate Army; was elected to 
the Tennessee Legi.slature, and ad\ ocated the ])a,ssage 
of the Constitutional Amendment in 18(i.^; waselected 
a Rijpreseutative from Tennessee to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, taking his seat near tlie close of tlie (irst 
.session and serving on the Committee on Public Ex- 
penditures. Ee-elected to the Fortieth and Forty- 
lirst Congresses, serving on the Committee! cm ,\ceounts 
and a.s Chairman of that on E.xpenditures in the State 
Department. 

Ai'nold., Benedict; was a niendjer of the As- 
.sembly of New York from Amsterdam, Montgomery 
County, in 181(j and 1817; wa.s a Representative in 
Congress from that State, from 182'J to 18:U. 

Arnold, Isaac N.; was born in Ilardwicke, Ot- 
sego County, New York, in November, 181."); while 
engaged in acijuiring an education taught school ; 
studied law, and came to i\u: bar in 1835; in 183(> 
removed to Chicago, Illinois; in 18.37 was First Clerk 
of the City of Chicago; in 1843 was elected to the 
Illinois IjCgislatnre, and took an active part in the 
Ciinal improvements ; in 1844 was a Presidential 
£lector; was for a tinu' .\ttorney for the Illinois and 
Michigan Canal; in I8li() was elected a Representative 
from Illinois to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving 



as Chairnutn of the Select Cumniittce on the Defen,sc3 
And Fortilications of the Great Lakes and Rivers. 
In 18()2 was re-elcct<'d to the Thirty-eighth Congre.s.s, 
serving on the Commitf<'C on M;nuifacliu'c.s, and as- 
Chairman of that on Roads and Canals. In May,. 
18(i5. was apjiointed, by President .lohnson. Sixth 
Auditor of the Treasury; in IStJti published a "His- 
tory of Abraham Lincoln." 

Arnold, Jonathan; was born in Pro\idcno<!, 
Rhode I.sland, l.)cccnd)er 14, 1741; was a member of 
the Slate ,\sscml)ly in 177(i; was author of th<" Act 
of May, 177(i, repealing the laws providing for the 
oath of allegiance to U\i: mother coinitry; was a sur- 
geon in the Rcvolulionary Army; after the war re- 
moved to St. .Johnsbnry, Vermont, where he was- 
api)ointed .Indge of the Oiange County Court in 1782, 
holding that office during llie remainder of his life; 
\\"as a memlier of the C^ontinental Congi'css from 178;i 
to 1784. Died in St. .Johnsbury, Vermont, Feltruaiy 
2, 1708. 

Arnold, tiSmuel H.; was horn in St. .Tobnsbury,. 
Vernu)nt, .lanuarj- 2'J, 1792; removed to Rhode Island 
at an early age; graduated at Dartmouth College, in 
1811; w;us educated lor the l)ar, but turned his at- 
tention to mercantile pursuits. In 18:il was elected 
(iovernorof Rhode Island, and re-elected in 1832; was 
a mcnd)er of the (iovcrnor's Council during the Dorr 
Rebellion in 1842; was a Rcjirescntative in (^'ongress. 
from 1845 to 1847. Died in Kingston, Rhode Island, 
,J line 27, 1852. 

Arnold, Pelog; was a member of the .'Assembly 
of Rhode Island; was for many years Chief Justice of 
the Supreme Court of that State; was a Delegate to 
the Continental Congress from 1786 to 1788, when he 
was app iiited Judge. Died in Smithlield, Rhoda 
Island, February 13, 1820, aged sixty-eight years. 

Arnold, Samuel; was born in llahlam, Jlid- 
dlescx County, Connecticut, .lune 1, 1806; received 
his education at Plainlicld .\cadeniy, in Connecticut, 
and Westlicld Academy, in .Ma.ssacliusetts; devoted 
the most of his life to agricultural pursuit.s, and ta 
various interests of commerce; also for many years 
carried on one of the most extensive stone quarries ia ' 
the I'nion; was, for a number of y<'ars, President of 
the I'.ank of East Haddam; served his native county 
in the Legislattu-e during the years 183!l, 1842, 1844,: 
and 1851; waselected to the Thirty-lifth Congress, a» 
a Rei)reseidative from (;onnecti(aU, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Claims. 

Arnold, Samuel G.; was born in Providence, 
Khoilc Island, .April 12, 18:>1; graduated at Brown 
University in 1841, having taken a year tiom the 
cour.se to travel in ICurope and the East; s|)cnt two 
years in a co\inting-honse in PH)vidence, and again 
visited Europe; spent two years at the Harvard Law 
School, and, having graduated, came to. the bar in 
1845; instead of ])racticing, again visited Europe and 
also .South .\mcrica. In 18.52 was eh'<-tcd Lic'utenant^ 
Governor of Rhode Island; in 185!) and |s6fl iiulilished 
the "History of the Slate of Rhoile IslanwE!^ work 
upon which he had long been engaged; in I^6| was a 
Delegate to the Peace Convention, and again chosen 
Lieutenant-ttovernor of the State: on tlic breaking 
out of the Rebellion took the field, for a lew- weeks, 
in command of abattcry of artillery, as aide-de-camp 
to Governor Spragne. In lii62 iv:is ;igain elected 
Lieutenant-Governor of Rhode I.sland. and was soon 
afterw-ards cho.si^n Senator in Cbifijrress. for the unex- 
piied term of J. F. Simmoius, resij^i)e{|, .ser\ ing oa 
the Connuittecs oil Commerce and Claims. 



.^■ 



/ 



14 



B I U G K A r 11 1 !-■ A L A X N A L S . 



Aa-nold, Thomas D. ; w:is elected a Represent- 
ative in f ■undress Innn Knox County, Tennensee, from 
1831 to 1. •?:!;;; was elected lor a second term, iVoni 1841 
to 184:?, representing Greenville County; and \v;is a 
member of the Committees on Elections and Claims. 

Arnot, John, Jr.; was born at Elmira, New 
York, Marcli ol, 18:!1; w.i.s educated at a private 
school at Xortliampton, Massaclmsetts; wa.s thrc^e 
times I'resident of the village of Elmira, and was the 
tirst JIa\ or after its incorpenation; was, subsequently, 
twice elected Mayor; became Casliier of the Chemung 
Canal Bank, in 1851, and continued in that position; 
-was elected a Representative from New York to the 
rorty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty- 
uluth Congress. 

Arrins'ton, H. Archibald ; was born in North 
Carolina; rcpre.^ented that .State in Congress from 
1.341 to 184.5, after which he retired to private life; 
was a member of the Committee on Expenditures in 
the War Department. His son, Alfred W. Arring- 
ton. attained distinction as a Methodist preacher, a 
lawyer, and judge, and a writer for the magazines 
under the assumed name of Charles Summerlield, re- 
siding in North Carolina, Ai'kansas, Indiana, Mis- 
souri, and Illinois. 

Arthur, Chester A.; was born at Fairfield, 
Era liiiin (Jounty, Yermont, Octo))er 5, 1830; removed, 
with his parents, to Central New York, in his boy- 
Iwod; entered Union Collc;;e in 1845, when fifteen 
years of ago, and, after a brilliant course, graduated 
m 1848; his resources being limited, he taught school, 
in addition to prosecuting his studies at College, dur- 
ing two winters of his collegiate course; began the 
.study of law upon leaving College; was Principal of 
an Academy at North Pownal, Vermont, in 1851; re- 
moved to New York City in 18.53, and was soon after 
admitted to the l>ar; entered upon the pr.actice of his 
protessipn theie at once and attained eminence; in 
1860 was appointed Engineer-in-Cliief on the stall" of 
tTOveruor Morgan, and discharged the duties of the 
office with mtirked ability until the expiration of his 
term in l'S()3; in 1.802 was appointed Inspector-Gen- 
eral of New York, .in addition to his other duties; 
was Collector of the Fort of New York fi'om 1871 to 
1878; in 1879 was elected Chairman of the Kepubli- 
<;an State Committee; in 1880 was elected Vice-Pres- 
ident of the United States; in September, 1881, be- 
t.'ame President of the United States by the death of 
President Garfield. 

Arthur, 'WilliatnE.; wasborn at Cincinnati, Ohio, 
5Iarch 3, 18:25; removed with his parents to Coving- 
ton, Kentucky, where he was educated; studied law, 
jrnd was admitted to the bar in 1850; was elected At- 
torney for the Ninth .ludicial District, and served 
fi'om 1851) to 1802; was a Presidential Elector in 18(iO; 
elected .Judge of tlie Ninth Judicial District in 1866, 
for a full term, 1)ut resigned in two years; was elected 
to the Forty-seei>nd and Forty-third Congre,s.ses, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Elections and Kailways 
-and Canals. 

Asboth, Alexander Sandor ; was born in Kesz- 
thely. County of Zaln, Hungary, Decemlier 18, 1811; 
studied at Oeileulnirg; served in the .Vnstrian army, 
and afterwards devotoil him.self to engineering. In 
1848 and 1-^10 took tlie side of the Lifjcrals in the 
Hungarian army; was in several haftles, and at- 
tained the rank of .'Vdiutant-tTcneral; went with 
Eossuth to Turkey, and was impris;>ned with him at 
Kutaiali; on their release in 1851 came to the United 
States on the Irigate Misi-issippi, and became a citi- 
zen; was a farmer, engineer, and manufaetiuer until 



1801 when he ofTcred his services to the government, 
and 'went as chief of Fremont's staff to Missouri; 
was made a Brigadier-General, and commanded the 
Western Division iu Fremont's campaign, which 
formed the rearguard at Kolla; was with General^ 
Curtis in Arkansas, and was wounded in the battle of 
Pea Ridge; in 1*63 commanded at Columbus, Ken- 
tucky and then in West Florida, where he was again 
wounded; in 1805 was breveted Majoi-C4eneral for 
his services in Florida; was appointed Minister to 
the Argentine Rep"!*!"' ^^ 1S06. Died in conse- 
quence of his wounds, at Buenos Ayres, January 21, 
1808. 

Ash, Michael W. ; was born in Pennsylvania; , 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1835 to 1837. serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Naval Aftairs. 

Ashe, John Baptists; was a Delegate to tbe 
Continental Congress in 1787 and 1788; was a Reiire- 
sentative iu Congress from North Carolina from 1790 
to 1793; was one of those who voted for locating the 
Seat of Ciovernment on the Potomac; was elected 
Governor of the State of North Carolina in 1801. Died 
November 27, 1802. 

Ashe, John B. ; wa? a son of John Baptiite Ashe; 
was elected a Representative in Congress from Ten- 
nessee, from 1843 to 1845, representing the Tentli 
District, and serving as a member of the Committees 
on Invalid Pensions and Expenditures in the State 
and Treasury Departments. 

Ashe, Samuel ; was born in Nortli Carolina in 
1725. and l)rother of General John B. Ashe, of the old 
Congress; was a lawyer of ability, a citizen of exalted 
patriotism, and a soldier in emergencies; was a lead- 
ing member of the North Carolina Congress; Chief 
Jirsticeof the State from 1777 to 1796; Governor of 
North Carolina from 1795 to 1798. Died at Rocky 
Point, North Carolina, February 3, 1813. 

Ashe, Thomas S. ; was born iu Orange County, 
North Carolina; graduated at the University of North 
Carolina in 1832; studied law and jjursued that pro- 
fession; in 1842 was elected a member of the J^egis- 
lature of North Carolina; in 1847 was el<-cted Solici- 
tor of thcr Fifth Judicial District of North Carolina, 
and served in that capacity four years; in 1854 was 
elected to the State Senate; in 1861 was elected to the 
House of Representatives of the Confederate States; 
to the Senate of the Confederate Congress in 1864; was 
one of the Councilors of State in 1806; was elected to 
the Forty-third and Forty-foiu-th Congresses, serving 
on the Committee on Coinage, Weights and Measures. 

Ashe, William S. ; was born in Wilmington, 

North Carolina, and was the son of John Baptiste 
Ashe; was a lawyer by profession; served in the State 
Legislature in 1846, and was re-elected in 1848; was 
a Representative in Congress from 1849 to 1853, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Expenditures in the State 
Department. Was killed on a railroad, near ^Vil- 
mingtou, in 1864. 

Ashley, Chester; wasborn at Westtield, Miissa- 
chusetts, .tune 1, 1790; was remov(ul in infaiu-y to 
Hudson, New York, where he resided until he reached 
the age of twenty-seven; then went to Illinois, and 
after practicing law in that State for two years, re- 
moved to the Territory of Arkansas, and established 
himself in Little Rock, then a mere landing; was 
chosen a Senator in Congress from Arkansas in 1844 
and was Chaii'm.an of the Judiciary Committee in 
tliat body; served until his death, which occurred in 
Washington City, April 29, 1848. 



B I O G K A P Jrl I C A L A N N A L S . 



15 



Ashley, Delos R. ; nci-ivcd a sood pducation; 
studied law in Monroe, Miehi^an; went to Calilbrnia 
ill 1S4S), wlune lie held tlie office of District Attorney 
in 18.51, ISfj^i and 185;!; was a member of the Cali- 
fornia Assembly in 1854 and 1855; a State Senator in 
185(i and 1857; State Treasurer in 18(12 and 18(i;!: 
<-arly in isiil removed to Ne\ada, anfl was elected a 
Kepresenlative from that Stale to the Thirty-ninth 
I Congress, serving; as Chairman of the Committee on 
Mines and Miniii'i, and on that on Free Schools in 
the District of Colunibia; re-elceted to the Fortieth 
Conp'ess, serving on the Committee on I'ublic Lands. 
Died in San Francisco, .Inly IS, 1873. 

Ashley, Henry; was born in dicshire County. 
>i'*w Hampshire; was el<'cted a Representative in C'on- 
jjress from Delaware and Greene counties, New York, 
li-om 18-.25 to 18-27. 

Ashley, James M. ; was born in Pennsylvania, 
Koveinber 14, 18'M; w'as self educated; became an 
adventurer at the age of tiiteen, at one time acting a.s 
<'Ierk oil the store-boats of the Ohio and Mississiiipi; 
then doing service in a pvinting-office; studied law, 
and -wa-s admitted to the bar of Ohio in 1849; but, 
instead of practicing bis profession, went into the 
business of boat-building, and was connected with 
the jiress; sul)se(.|uently settled at Toledo, and wi^nt 
into tlie wholesale drug business; was elected a Kep- 
ii'Sentative from Ohio to tlu^ Thirty-sixth Coiigre.ss, 
serving as a member of the Committee on Territories. 
Ke-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, and made 
(liairnian of the Committee on Territories; re-elected 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, ser\ing on the Com- 
mittee on Claims, and as Chairman of the Committee 
on Territories, and under his immediate supervision 
the Territories of Arizona, Idaho, anil Montana were 
organized. Ke-eleeted to the Tliirty-ninth Congress, 
serving again at the head of the Committee on Terri- 
tories, and as a member of those on Unfinished Unsi- 
lU'ss and Jlines and Mining; was a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention"' of 1.8(>(i; was 
re-elected to the Fortieth (.'ongress; subsequeutl}- ap- 
pointed Governor of Montana. 

Ashley; "William H. : wa.s born in Powliatan 
County, ^'il■g^nia; emigrated to Mis.soiin, then Upper 
Louisiana, in 1808, and .s<'ttled near the Lead Jlines. 
hi 1822 projected the scheme of the "Mountain Ex- 
|icdition." by uniting the Indian trade in the KocUy 
.Mountains with tlie hunting and trapping business; 
enlisted about three hundred hardy men in the busi- 
ness, and, alter various successes and re\'erses, hav- 
L iiig suslaiiK^d numerous losses by Indian robbery and 
'^ river disasters, he and his associates realized a hand- 
.siime fortune; was the first Lieutenant Clovernor of 
Jli,s.sonri, after it became a State; was a 1-fepresent- 
ative in Congress, from 18;!1 to 18;57; died near 
Loonville, Missouri, Jlarcli 26, 1838. 

Ashmore, John D.; was born in Greenville Dis- 
trict, South Carolina, August 7, 1819: served as a 
merchant's clerk for several years, and then taught 
scluxd until he became of age; studied law, but. in- 
stead of following that protcssion. turned his atten- 
tion to agriculture: when (|uite young "tilled various 
oltice.s in the State .Militi;i: was a memlu'r of the 
South Carolina Legislature in l'^48, 18.511, and 18.52: 
in 185:> was elected Comptroller-Genenil of the .State 
for two years, and was re-elected for a second t<-rni: 
v.as subseiinei:tly elected a I\e)>re.sentativc fi-oiii 
.South Carolina to tlu' Tliirty-sixth Cougiess. With- 
drew in December, 18(;o. 

Ashmun, Eli Porter ; was a distingnislicd law- 
yer, and tor several years a member of the House of 



Representatives and Senate of Ma.s.sachusetts; in 181G 
was elected to succeed C. (iore as Senator from that 
State in Congress; resigned in 1818; died at Xorth- 
ainpton, ]\la.ssacluisetts, May 10, 1810, aged forty- 
eight. 

Ashmun, George ; was born inKandford, Mass- 
achusetts, December 25, 1804; gniduated at Yale 
College in 1823; studied law, and .settled in Sjiring- 
field in 1828; served in the State Legislature during 
the years 1S:«. 1835. l.S!(>, 18:!8, and 1841, ollieiating 
;is Speaker of the House in the latter year; was a 
Representative in (Congress from 1845 to 1851, serving 
as 11 member of the Committees on the .ludiciary, 
Indian Alfairs, and Rules; in 18fi0 was elected Presi- 
dent of the Chicago Convention, convened to nomi- 
nate a Pi'e-iide:il and Vice Pre-sident; wassiibsef|uent- 
ly aiipointed a Director of the Unicm T'acific Rail- 
road; in 18(i() was cho.sen a Delegate to the Pliila<lel- 
pliia ".National Union Convention," but did not 
take jiart in its proceedings. Died at Springfield, 
Mas.saehu.setts, July 10, 1870. 

Ashton, J. Hubley ; was a eilizen of Penusyl- 
vaiiia, from which State he was, in 18(!4, appointed 
.Vssistant Attorney-(;en(^ra^ of the United States, 
serving three years: re-appointed in 18(i8, serving 
one year; was subse(|uently associated with the Court 
for the settlement of tlie .MalKima Claims. 

Asper, Joel F. ; was born in Ad.-inis County, 
Pennsylvani;i, April20, 1822; removed w'ilb his father 
to 0!iio in 18:;il; worked on a farm and attended 
school alternately; studied law and came to the bar 
in l"-!!!. writing freiiuently for the newsjiapers; wa-s 
elected a .Justice of the I'eace in ISIG, and in 1847 
Prosecuting Attorney for his County; was a Delegate 
to the Bulfalo Convention of 18-18; editor of the 
irr.s/<;;-« lir.si'nv Chronicle in 1840, and of the Chnrdon 
I): moi-rni in 1850; in IStil raised a company and was 
mustered into I he Volunteer Army an Captain, serving 
at the battle of Winc-hester, where he w^as wounded; 
was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel in 
18(;2; in ISO:! was mustered out of service "on account 
of wounds received in action." In the latter year 
organized a regiment of National Guards and became 
its Colonel, and, with it, was at the battle of Kellar's 
Bridge in 18(14; Cor his services tliere was highly com- 
plimented; in that year removed to JIis.souri; in 
1800 started a jiaper at Chillicotlie. Jlissouri, c:illed 
the Siiivliilnr, aiicl, while editing that Journal and 
practicing law, was, in 18(i8. elected a Representative 
from Mis-iouri to the Forty-first Congress, serving on 
tlie Conimitt(>e on Military Alfairs; died at his home 
in October, 1872. 

Astor, "William "Waldorf; vvas born in New 
York City. March ill, l.-<18; was cbielly educated by 
])rivate tutors at his home, and in Europe; graduated 
from Columbia College Law School in 1875; was a 
l.'ciueseiitative in the ,St;ite Legi.slaturc in 1878; a 
St;ite Senator in 18--I) and 1881; was appointed Envoy 
Extraordinary and .Minister Plenipotentiary of the 
United States to lt;ily in 1S82. 

Atchison, David R. ; was born in Frngtown, 
Fayette County. Kcntuiky, .\it;iist 11, 1-^07: was 
educated for tlie l):u-; removed to MisS'Uiri in 18:!0; 
was elected to the Legislature of th:il St;ite in \<H 
and 1838. In 1841 was !ii)pointed Judge of the Platte 
County Circuit Court; iluring the year 1813 was ap- 
pointed a Senator in Congress, to which (losition he 
was subsei|Ucntly elected for two successive terms, 
serving until 18.5.5, fi((|iieutly at the bead of impor- 
tiuit committees, and for several sessions as President 
pro tempore of the Senate; ujion his retiiement Iroiu 



10 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



the Senate he turned his attention to agriculture; 
died in 1886. v^^-^^ i.i ■ 

Atherton, Charles G-. ; was horn in Amherst, 
Hillslionin^h County, Xew Hanipsliire, .July 4, 181.14; 
graduated at Caniliridge in 18i'3; studied law, but en- 
giiped in polities when quite young; wa.s tor m.any 
years in the Legislature of New Hampshire, and tor 
three j'cars Speaker of the House; was a Kepresent- 
ative in Congress from 1837 to 1843; a Senator in 
Congress from 1843 to 1849; in November, 1852, was 
elcct<'d a Senator to till a vaeaney ; died of apoph'xy in 
Maneliester, New Hampshire, November 15, 1853. 

Atherton, Charles H.; was born in Amherst, 
New Hampshire, August 14, 1773; gi-aduated at 
Harvard (College in 17!;I4; held the oftice of Register 
of Proliate from 1798 to 1807; was a Representative 
in Congress from L-^IT) to 1817; stood at the head of 
the bar in Hillsborough County for many years; was 
a member of tlie State Legislature in 1823, and again 
in 1838 and 1839; died in Amherst, January 8, 1853. 

Atherton, Gibson ; was horn in Licking County, 
Ohio, .huiuary 19, 1831; graduated at Jliami Univer- 
sity, Oliio, in 18.53; studied law; was admitted to 
the bar in 1855, and engaged in practice at Ne'wmk, 
Ohio; ^vas Prosecuting Attorney from 1857 to 18(j3; 
was Ma.\or, from 18()Uto 1864; was a Delegate to the 
Democratic National Convention of 187(J: was elected 
a Representative from Ohio to the Forty-sixth and 
Forty -sex enth Congresses. 

Atkins, John D. C; was born in Henry County, 
Tennessee, June 4, 1825; graduated at the East Ten- 
nessee University in 1840; studied law; was elected 
a member of the Legislature iu 1849, and in 1851; 
was elected to the State Senate in 1855; chosen a 
Presidential Elector in 1856; elected a Representative 
in Congress in 1857; was a Presidential Elector in 
18(i0; was Lieutenant-Colonel of the Fifth Tennessee 
Regiment in tlie Confederate Army in 1861 ; wan 
elected to the Confederate Provisional Congress in 
August, 1861, and re-elected in 1863; was elei-ted a 
Representative from Tennessee to the Forty-third and 
Forty- fourth Congresses, serving on the Committee 
on Post Otlices atul Post Roads; was re-elected to the 
Forty-iiftli, Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses; 
in .March, 1885, was apiJoiuted Commissioner of 
Indian .Vffairs. j 

Atkinson, Archibald ; was born in Isle of | 
Wiglit County, Virgiina, September 13, 1792; left 
scliool at tlic age of eighteen; entered theofSecof the 
Clerk of tile (Jounty Court, and performed the duties 
of copyist, devoting his leisure time to the study of 
law, whieli he completed at tlie Law School of Wil- 
liam and Mary College. In 1813 joined the troops 
at Norfolk, as ensign of a volunteer company which 
was attached to the 29tb Regiment, and was at the 
battle of Craney Island. Upon leaving the army, 
commenced the |iracliee of law in Smithlield, aiid 
was a member of tlie General Assembly from 1H15 to 
1817, and also of the Hou.se of Delegates and State 
Senate for several years. In 1843 was elected a Rep- 
resentative iu Congress from Virginia, and served ! 
until 1,S48; was a memberof the Committees on Naval | 
Affairs and Commert*; was Prosecuting .\ttorney for 
his county twenty years, Jlayor of Smithlield, and 
a Magistrate. Died at Isle of Wight, January 1(1, 
1872. 

Atkinson, Heni-y M.; was born iu Wlieeling, 
Virginia, .September 9, 1838; removed to Oliio, in 
1846, with his parents; was educated chiefly at the 
Denvei-son University, Ohio, and in Connecticut; re- 
moved to Nebraska iu 1857, and engaged iu the land 



agency business; stirdied law and came to the bar in 
1801; served as Adjutant of Cavalry, and, in 18G4, 
became Provost-Marshal for Southern Nebraska; from 
1m67 to 1871 was Register of the Land Oliiee in Ne- 
liraska; subsequently turned his attention to the law 
and railroad building; in 1873 was appointed a Special 
Commissioner to Jlexico; in May, 187.5, was ap- 
pointed Commissioner of Pensions in Washington. 

Atkinson, Louis E.; wa,s born in Juniata Coun- 
ty, Pennsylvania, April 16, 1841; received a eommon- 
scliool and academic education; studied medicine and 
graduated at the Medical Department of the Univer- 
sity of the City of New York in March, 1861; served 
iu the Union Army, a.s Assistant-Surgeon and Sur- 
geon, from 1801 to 1860; being iruable to practice 
medicine on account of disabilities contracted in the 
army, studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1870, 
and engaged in practice at MitUintown, Pennsylvania; 
was (elected a Rejiresentative from Penn.syhania to 
the Forty-eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Atkinson, Robert J.; was born in Ohio; in 1854 
was appointed from that State Third Auditor of the 
Treasury, and remained in otlicc^ until 1855, after 
which, until his death, he was engaged in the prose- 
cution of Claims before the Departments. 

Atkinson, Theodore ; was born in New Castle, 
New Hanipsliire, I)eceniber 20, 1097; graduated at 
Ilanard Unixersity in 1718; was Si^cretary of tlie 
Colony in 1741, Chief Justice in 17.51, and Major- 
General of Militia in 1709, but the Revolution de- 
jirixed him of all tliesc olliccs; was a Delegate t<.) the 
Congress at Albany in 1754, and Avas one of the Com- 
mittee that drew up the plan of Union for the defense 
of the Colonies; was for man3' years in the Legisla- 
ture and Council; also held the oflice of Clerk of the 
Court of Common Pleas; was Colonel of Militia, and 
in active service during the French and Indian wars; 
was Collector of Portsmouth, and Slieritf. At his 
dcatli, he left two hunched pounds to the Episcopal 
Church of New Hampshire, the interest to be spent 
in bread for the poor. Died September 32, 1779. 

At Lee, Samuel John ; was born in 1738; coni- 
maiulod a Pennsylvania company in the French war; 
and in 1776eoniniandcdanadvancedl)attalion on Long 
Island; was m.ade prisoner and remained .some time in 
the hands of the British; was afterwards a Commis- 
sioner to treat with the Indians; was a Delegate 
to tlie Continental Congress from 1778 to 1782, and 
one of the Committee on the meetingof Pennsylvania 
troops in 1781. Died in Philadelphia in Novcmlier, 
1780. 

Aulick, John H.; was born iu Virginia; was ap- 
pointed .Midshipman in the United States Navy, No- 
\ ember 15, 18t)9; Miister's Mate in the action betvs'een 
the Enterprise and Boxer, September 4, 1813; Lieu- 
tenant, December 9, 1814; Commander, March 3, 1831; 
Captain, September 8, 1841; ('oinmodore on retired 
list, .luly 10, 1862; commanded sloop f'iiieiiiiics in 
1837; Ea.st India squadron in 1852 and ls.5:!; in 1851 
was empowered to obtain permission to purcliase sup- 
plies tor the United States steamers iu .lapan, and 
to negotiate a treaty of amity and commerce with 
that Empire; commenced the important work which 
was completed by Commodore 51. C. Perry. 

Austin, Archibald ; was a Representative in 
Congress, from \irginia, from 1817 to 1819. 

Austin, Horace; was born in Connecticut in 
1831; received an academic education; taught school; 
removed to Maine, and there .studied law; iu 185(> 



EIOGK Al H ICAL ANNALS. 



17 



renioved t(i Minnesota, wliere lie practiced his pro- 
fession; served as a Cajitain, under General Sibley, 
against the Indians in 1803: in 1864 was elected a 
District Judge; in 1869 was elected Governor of Min- 
nesota, and re-elceted for a second tenn; on account 
of his health he retired to private life until IHTIi, 
when he was apjiointed Third Auditor of the United 
States Treasury in Washington. 

Averett, Thomas H.; was horn in Virginia; was 
a resident of Halifax County; was elected a Kcprc- 
•sentative in Congress from the Tliird District in that 
State, from 184U to 1S5H, and was a member of tlie 
Committee on Invalid Pensions, and on Kevisal, and 
Untinished Business. 

Averill, John T. ; was born in Alna, Maine. 
JIarch 8, 18:2.5; completed his studies at the Maine 
Wesleyan University ; was a manufacturer; was elected 
to the State Senate of Minnesota in 1858 and 18.59; 
entered the Union Army in 1862 as Lieutenant-Colo- 
nel of the Si.xth Jlinnesota Infantry, and was mus- 
tered out in I8(i5, as Brigadier-General of Volunteers; 
Avas elected to the Forty-second Congress; re-elected 
to the Forty-third Congress, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Indian Aft'au'g. 

Avery, Benjamm P.; was horn in New York 
city in 18o;); received a good English education: 
learned the art of wood-engraving; removed to Cali- 
fornia in 1849 and had some experience among the 
niinei's; in 18.56 established a weekly paper, at North 
San Juan, called the Hydraulic Press: in 1860 joined 
the .Marysrillc Appeal as a.ssistant editor; in 1861 was 
chosen State Printer; was subsequently connected 
with the Sun Francisco Bulletin; in 1872 became the 
editor of the Orcrland MonttiUi: in 1874 was appointed 
Jlinister to China. Died in Pekin, November 8, 187.5. 
He had the reputation of being a bold, forcible, and 
elegant writer, and was in every way a man of culture; 
w;is one of the founders of the San Francisco Ajt 
A.ssociation. 



Avery, Daniel ; was elected a Representativ 
Congress from New York from 1811 to 1815; 



e m 

^,...f,.v.-..j »...■ - ^. ..«** .,, *.,..-., and 

again, fi'om I8l6 to 1817. Kesided in Cayuga County. 

Avery, William T. ; was bom in Maury County, 
Tennessee, November 11, 1819; early in life was 
tlu'own upon his own resources for education and 
support ; was a la%v>-er by profession ; was elected to 
the Legislature of Tennessee in 1843; held several 
creditable ])Ositions in his native State; was chosen a 
^ Representative to the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving as 
a member of the Committees on E.xpenditures in the 
State Department, and on Private Land Claims. Re- 
elected to the Thirtv'-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Private Land Claims. 

Axtell, Samuel B.; was bom in Franklin County, 
Ohio, Oct(il>cr 14, 1819; was educated at 01)erlin, and 
"Western Reserve Colleges; studied and practiced law; 
emigrated to California in 1851; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from that State to the Fortieth and Forty- 
lirst Congresses, ser\ang on the Committees on Com- 
merce and Weights and Measures. In 1874 was ap- 
pointed Governor of Utah; in 1875 was a])i)iiinted to 
the same position in New Mexico; in 1^76 was se- 
lected as one of the Judges at the Centennial Kxhi- 
bition; in 188'2 was appointed Chief Justice of the 
Supreme Court of New Mexico. 

Aycrigg, John B.; was bom in New York; was 
elected a K'cprcsentative in Congress from New Jer- 
sey from 18;i7 to 1839. and ;igain ti-om 1^41 to 1843, 
and Wiis a number of the Committee on Expenditures 
in the Treasury Department, and the Joint Commit- 
2 



tee on the Library, and on Invalid Pensions; in 1844 
was a Presidential Elector; was a candidate lor elec- 
tion to the Twenty-sixth Congi'css. but, although lie 
came with the " Broad .Seal " of New Jersey, was not 
admitted. 

Ayer, Richard S. ; was born in Waldo County, 
Maine. October 9, 1829; received a common school 
education: engaged in agricultural and mercantile 
pursuits; at the breaking out of the Rebellion en- 
listed as a ])rivate in the Fourth JIaine Volunteers, 
and was promoted to acapt;uncy, which jHisition he 
held for three years, serving at the first battles ol 
Bull Run, Seven Pines, and Malvern Hill; in 1865 
removed to Virginia: in 1H67 was elected a Delegate 
to the Virginia Constitutional Convention : was 
elected to the Forty-first Congress, serving on several 
committees. 

Babbitt, Elijah ; was born in Providence, Rhode 
I.sland, in 1790; received a common school and aca- 
demic education, in the States of New York and Penn- 
sylvania; studied law in the latter State, and w;is 
admitted to the bar in 1824; was Prosecuting .Attor- 
ney for the State in 1833; served in the State Legi.s- 
laturc in 1836 and 1837; was a State Senator in 18 14 
and 1845; was elected a Representative from Penn- 
.sylvania to the Tliirty-sixth Congi-ess, serving ;u3 a 
member of the Committee on Revolutionary Pen- 
sions; re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress. 

Babcock, Alfred ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1841 to 1843, serving on 
the Committee on Revolutionary Pensions. 

Babcock, Leander; was born in New York; 
was a Representative in Congress Irom that St;ile 
from 1851 to 1853. 

Babcock, "William; w.as a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1831 to 1833, serving 
on the Committee on Public Accounts. 

Baber, Ambrose ; was a citizen of Georgia, and, 
in 1841, was appointed Charge d' Affaires to Sardinia, 
remaining there until 1843. 

Bache, Alexander Dallas ; was born in Phila- 
delphia. July 19, 1806; graduated at West Point in 
1825: served there one year as Assistant Profes.sor; 
was Lieutenant of Engineers until his resignation in 
1829; engaged in constructing Fort Adams and other 
works at the entrance of Narr.agansett Bay; from 1827 
to 1832 was Professor of Matheuuities in the Univer- 
sity of Pennsylvania; then took charge of the organi- 
zation of Girard College; spent some time in 1836 
inspecting the great schools of Europe, publishing 
upon his return a valuable work on the subject; iu 
1839 resigned his connection with this college; iu 
1841 was made Princip:d of the Phihulelphia High 
School; in 1843 w;is appointed Superintendent of the 
United States Coast Survey; was one of the founders 
of the American Association for the Promotion of 
Science; iu 18.55 w;is made President of the Anierie:ui 
Philosophical Society; w;is an active and etiiciciit 
member of the United States .Sanitary Commission 
throughout the Civil War; the degree of LL. D. was 
conferred upon him by the University of New York 
in 1836: by the University of Pennsylvania in 18.'!7, 
and by Harvard University in 1851; in 184(i w;is m;Mle 
Regent of the Smithsonian Institution; in 1833 edited 
Brewster's "Optics," with notes; iu 1840 to 1845 
published "Observations" at the Obscr\alory of 
Girard College; in 1834, Report of Experiments to 
navigate the Cliesapeake ami Delaware Caiuil by 
steam. Died al Newport, Rhode Island, February 
17, 1867. 



18 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Bachman, Reuben K. ; was born at Williams, 
Pennsylvania, August 6, 1834; passed his boyhood 
upon his father's farm; received a common school 
edncation; taught school for a few years; afterwards 
engaged in mercantile and milling business at Dur- 
ham, Pennsylvania; held no public office prior to his 
election as a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
Forty-sixth Congress. 

Backus, Henry T.; w.as a native of Norwich, 
Connecticut; recei\ed a liberal education; adopted 
tlie profession of the law; removed to Detroit in 
Michigan, where he was for many years devoted to 
his profession; was subsequently appointed an Asso- 
ciate Justice of the United States Court for the Ter- 
ritory of Arizona. 

Bacon, Ezekiel; was born in Stoclcbridge, Massa- 
chusetts, Septemljcr 1, 1776; graduated at Vale Col- 
lege in 1794; was a member of the State Legislature 
in 1805 and 1806; was a Representative in Congress 
from Massachusetts from 1807 to 1813; Chief Justice 
of Common Pleas in 1813; First Comptroller of the 
llnit<jd States Treasury from 1813 to 1815; removed 
to Utica, New York, and was a delegate to the State 
Constitutional Convention in 18il. In 1843 published 
' ' Recollections of Fifty Years Since. ' ' Died in Utica, 
October 18, 1870. 

Bacon, John ; was liorn in Canterbury, Connect- 
icut, in 1737; graduated at the College of New Jersey 
in 1765; studied tlieology; after preaching for a time 
in Maryland, removed to Ma.ssachusetts, and settled 
in Boston. Owing to some difficulties with his con- 
gregation, he relinquished the ministry, and subse- 
quently held the positions of magistrate. Representa- 
tive in the Stat« Legislature, Presiding Judge of the 
Court of Common Pleas, a member and President of 
tlie State Senate, and that of Representative in Con- 
gress from Massachusetts from 1801 to 1803. Died in 
Berkshire County, October 25, 1820. 

Bacon, John E.; was born in Edgefield County, 
South C'arolina, in 1830: received a thorough academic 
education and alterwards entered the South Carolina 
College, at Columbia, in that State, from which in- 
stitution he graduated with liigh honor; studied law; 
was admitted to the bar in 1853 and commenced the 
practice of law; in 1857 was appointed, by President 
Buchanan, Secretary of Legation at St. Petersburg, 
Russia; resigned in 1859 and returned to South Car- 
olina; in 1860 entered the Confeder.ate service as a 
private ; served throughout the Civil War, rising to 
the rank of Major; after the close of the war resumed 
the practice of law in his native State; in 1868 was 
elected District Judge; in 1870 was an unsucc&ssful 
candidate for Congress; in 1872 removed to Columbia, 
South Carolina; in 1878 was elected a Representative 
in the State Legislature, and devoted himself to se- 
curing the re-establishment of the South C'arolina 
College, which eud be accomplished after a long and 
laborious struggle; was several times a member of 
the Democratic County and State Executive Commit- 
tee-s; in 1884 w.as a Presidential Elector; in April, 
1885. w.os appointed, by President Cleveland, United 
States Chaiye d' Affaires to Paraguay and Uruguay. 

Bacon, 'William Johnson ; was born at Wil- 
lianistown, Massachusetts, February 18, 1803; re- 
moved to Utica, New York, in 1814; graduated at 
Hamilton College in 1822; studied law in Utica and 
linished his legal education at the Litchfield Law 
School in 1824; was appointed Corporation Counsel 
for the city of Utica in 1837; was a member of the 
State Assembly in 1850; "was elected a Trustee of 
llauiilton College in 1851; in 1853 was elected a 



Justice of the Supreme Court of the State for a term 
of eight years, and was re-elected, serving until 1870; 
was elected a Representative from New York to the 
Forty -fifth Congress. 

Badger, George E. ; was born in the town of 
Newbern, North Carolina, in 1795; graduated at Yale 
College in 1813; studied and practiced law; was elected 
to the Legislature in 1816; in 1820 was elected a 
Judge of the Supreme Court, which position he re- 
signed in 1825 ; was appointed Secretary of the Navy, 
by President Harrison, in 1841; was elected a Senator 
in Congress in 1846, and re-elected in 1849 for a term 
of six years, serving on the Committees on Military 
and Naval Affairs; was sub.sequently wholly devoted 
to the practice of his profession, visiting Wa.shington 
occasionally to argue cases in the Supreme Court of 
the United .States; died at Raleigh, North Carolina, 
May 11, 1866. 

Badger, Luther; was born in Partridgefield, 
Berkshire County, Massachusetts, AprU 10, 1785; 
removed to Broome County, New York, in 1786. 
Having made sufficient progress in the common 
Inanches of an English education, entered HauiLlton 
College at the age of nineteen, and spent two years 
there. In 18U7 commenced the study of law; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1812, and continued to practice 
his profession until 1824, when he was elected a Rep- 
resentative to the Nineteenth Congi-ess; had been 
engaged in military services in his State, and in 1819 
was appointed, by Governor Clinton, Judge-Adxocate 
for the Twenty-seventh Brigade of Infantrj- of New 
York State, which office lie held for eight yeai-s. In 
1832 resumed tlie practice of law, and in 1840 was 
appointed Examiner in Chancery and Commissioner 
of United States Loans, which office he held for three 
years. From 1846 to 1849 was United States District 
Attorney for New York. 

Badger, "William ; was born in Gilmanton, New 
Hampshire, January 13, 1779; liis youth was pa.ssed 
in mercantile pursuits; was a member of the Legis- 
lature from 1810 to 18V2, and of the Senate from 1814 
to 1.816; President of that body in 1816; an Associate 
Judge of the Court of Common Ple;^s from 1816 to 
1821; High Sheriff of Stafford County-, New Hamp- 
shire from 1822 to 1832; Governor of the State from 
1834 to 1836; died September 21, 1852. 

Baer, George ; was bom in Frederick, Maryland; 
was engaged in various branches of business; was a 
Representative in Congress from Maryland from 1797 
to 1801, and again from 1815 to 1817; died in Fred- 
erick at an advanced age. 

Bagby, Arthur P. ; was born in Virginia, in 
1794; w;is liberally educated; adopted the profession 
of law, and settled in Alabama in 1818; was elected a 
member of the Legislature in 1820 and 1822, and was 
Speaker of the House; was Governor of Alabama 
from 1837 to 1843; was a Senator in Congress from 
that State from 1842 to 1849. His last public posi- 
tion was that of Minister to Russia, to which he was 
appointed in 1848; died of yellow fever, at iMobile, 
September 21, 1858. 

Bagby, John O. ; was born in Glasgow, Barren 
County, Kentucky, January 24, 1819; was educated 
at Bacon College; .studied law and went to the bar in 
1846; in that year removed to Rushville, Illinois, 
where he practiced his profession ; in 1874, without 
seeking the nomination, was elected a Representative 
fi'om Illinois to the Forty-lourtii Congress. 

Bagley, George A. ; was born in Watertown, 
JeO'erson County, N<jw Yock, July 22, 1826; received 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



19 



an academic education; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1S47; jiraoticed for six years, 
when he engaged in the manufacture of iron and 
machinery; was Supervisor of tlie town of Water- 
to .-,0 a number of years. Chairman of tlie Koaril of 
Supervisors of Jetferson County; was elected to tlie 
Forty-fourth Congress as a Kepresentative from New 
York; re-elected to the Forty-lifth Congress. 

Bagley, John H., Jr.; was born at Hudson, New 
York, November 'Mi, 18:J3; received a common-school 
eilucation; in 16.51 went to California and engaged in 
mining and other pursuifs; returned to New York 
and engaged in steam-boating on the Hudson Kixer; 
settled at Catskill, New York, as a merchant ; served 
four terms as Supervisor of the town; was elected a 
Kepresentative from New York to the Forty-l()urth 
Congress; also elected to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Bagley, John J.; was born in Medina, Orleans 
County, New York, July '24, 1832; wejit to Michigan 
ill 1840, and settled in Detroit; received a common- 
school education; devoted himself to mercantile and 
manufacturing pursuits; in IJetroit held the local 
ollices of member of the Board of Education, Alder- 
man, and Police Commis-sioncr; in 1872 was elected 
tlo\eruor of Michigan, and re-elected to the same 
office in lt;T4. Died July 27, 1881. 

Bailey, Alexander H.; was born in Minisink, 
O.auge County, New York, .vugust 14, 1817; gradu- 
ated at Princeton College in l8i!8; studied and prac- 
ticed law; in 1840, 1841, and 1842 was E.xaminer in 
Cliancery for Greene Countv; was a Justice of the 
Peace at Catskill for four years; was a member of the 
State Assembly in 1849; was Judge of Greene County 
for four years irom 18.51; was a member of the State 
Senate fi-om 18U1 to 1804; was elected a Representa- 
ti\ e from New York to the Fortieth Congress, in the 
place of Roscoe Conkliiig, resigned, serving on the 
Committees on Private Land Claims and Expen- 
ditures in the Interior Department. Re-elected to 
the Forty-first Congress, serving on important Com- 
mittees. Died in Rome, New York, A])ril 20, 1874. 

Bailey, David J.; was born in Georgia; was a 
Representative in Congress Irom that State liom 1851 
to 1855. 

Bailey, Goldsmith P.; was born in Westmore- 
land, New Hampshire, July 17, 1823; finished his 
education at the age of sixteen ; became a printer and 
edited a country paper; studied law, and was admit- 
ted to the bar in 1848; in 1856 was elected to the 
Legislature of Massachusetts; in 1858 and 1800, to 
the Senate of the State ; was elected a Representative 
from Massachusetts to the Thirty-se\enth Congi-e.ss. 
His health was imjiaired when he took his seat in 
Congress, and he died at Fitchburg, Massachusetts, 
May 8, 1802. 

Bailey, James E.; was born in Jlontgomery 
County, Tennessee, August 15, 1822; was educated at 
the Clarksville Aaidemy, and the University of Ten- 
nessee; .studied law; w;|,s admitted to the bar at 
Clarksville, Tennes.sec, in 18 10; was a Rejuesentative 
in the State Legislature in 1853; was electcil a Sena- 
tor of the United States from Tennessee to lill the va- 
cancy caused by the death of Andrew Johnson, serv- 
ing from January, 1877, to March 3, 1881. Died at 
his home in Clarksville, Tennessee, December 2y, 
1885. 

Bailey, Jeremiah ; was born at Little Compton, 
Ehode Lsland; graduated at Brown University, and 
studied law; was a meinbir of the Maine Legislature 
from 1811 to 1814; a Judge of Probate from 1814 to 



1835; was a Rei)re,sentative in Congress from Lincoln 
County, Maine, from 1835 to 1837, serving on tjie 
Conimittees on Agriculture and Expenditures in llie 
Post Ollicc Department; wius Collector of Customs 
at Wiscassct. from 1849 to 1853, and died in July of 
the latter year. 

Bailey, John ; was born in Norfolk County, 
Ma.ssachusetts; w.as a member of the Massachusetts 
Legislature from 1815 to 1818; a clerk in the Depart- 
ment of State for six years; a Rciircscntative in Con- 
gress from M;vssachusetts from 1823 to 1831, serving 
on the Committees on Public Expenditures and Ex- 
penditures in the State Department; was a State 
Senator in 1831 and Islil; died at Dorchester, Mas- 
sachusetts, June 10, 1835. 

Bailey, John M.; was born at P.cthleham, New 
York, August 24, 1838; graduated at Union College 
in 1801; studied law; in 1862 entered the Union 
Army as First Lieutenant; in 1864 commenced the 
practice of law; was Assistant District Attorney of; 
Albany County, New York, in 1805, 1800, and 1807; 
was Collector of Internal Revenue four years; in 1874 
WiUs elected District Attorney, and served three 
years; was elected a Representative from New York 
to the Forty-fifth Congress, to till the vacancy caused 
by the death of T. J. Quinn; was re-elected to the 
Forty-sixth Congress. 

Bailey, Theodorus; was born in 17.52; was a 
Kepresentative in Congress from New York from 1793 
to 1797, and again from 1799 to 180:i; was a Senator' 
in Congress from 1803 to 1804, when he re-signed and, 
was appointed Postmaster of New York city. He' 
died September 6, 1828. 

Baily, Joseph ; was born on the Brandywine 
b.ittlC-gronnd, Chester County, Pennsylvania, March 
18, 1810; received a limited education through his 
own exertions, on account of the moderate; circum- 
stances of his father, and was early apprenticed to a 
mechanical business, which was his lirst step to emi- 
nent success. From 1839 to 1845 represented his 
native county in both branches of the Legislatvue, 
and from 1850 to 1854 represented Perry County in 
the State Senate; in 1854 was Treasurer of the State 
of Pennsylv:mia; in 1860 was elected a Representiv- 
tive from Permsylvania to the Thirty-.seventh Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Agriculture and 
Printing; was re-elected to the Thirty-<;ighth Con- 
giess, serving on the same Committees; was one of 
the twelve Democrats in Congress who voted for the 
Constitutional Amendment abolishing slavery. 

Baird, Spencer Fullerton; w.ts born at Read- 
ing, Pennsylvania, February 3, 1823; graduated at 
Dickinson College; in 1846 was made Professor of 
Natural Sciences in that institution; w;is appointed ' 
Assistant Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution in 
1850; was the editor and translator of the ''Icono- 
grapiiic Encyclopedia," 4 vol.s., 8 vo, in 1851; author! 
of jjapei-s on Zoology, and of reports on Natural His- 
tory collections, matle by Stansbury, Marcy, and 
Gillis, of the JIexi(MU Bouiulary and Pacific Kail- 
road Surveys; "The Birds of North America," 2 
vols., 4to, 1800; "Mammals of North America," 4to, 
1801; he lias also made many valuable contributions 
to the publications of the .lournal of Sciences, Phila- 
delphia, and tlie Smithsonian Institution. His last 
publications were on the Natural History and Distri- 
liution of Fish; was appointed United .Slates Commis- 
sioner of Fisheries; was a Government Commissioner 
to the Philadelphia Centennial Exhibition; in 1878 
was ajipoiuted Secretary ol the Smithsonian Institu- 
tion. 



20 



B I O G K A p H I C A L A N N A L S . 



Baker, Caleb ; was horn in Providence, Khotle 
Island; served four years in the New York Assembly; 
■wa>s a I\epresentati\ e ixi Congress liom that State 
from' 1819 to 1821. 

Baker, Charles S.; was horn at Chnrchville, 
Jlonroe County, New York, Feliruary 18, ISHtl; was 
educated in the common schools, at Caryville Sem- 
inary, and at the Genesee Wesleyan Seminary at 
Lima, New York; was engaged in teaching for a time: 
studied law at Kochester and was admitted to the 
bar in ]8(i(); on the breakingout of the Civil War was 
one of the first to enlist in the Union Army, and 
was commissioned First Lieutenant of Company E, 
Twenty-seventh Regiment, New York Volunteers, 
with which he was engaged in the first battle of Bull 
'Eun, where he was severely wounded, and compelled 
'to retire from the service; he resumed the practice 
of liis profession at Rochester; was a member 
of the Board of Supervisors of Monroe County for 
three years; was a member of the Board of Educa- 
tion of Rochester for two years, acting as its Presi- 
dent during his second term; was an unsuccessful 
candidate for the State Assembly in 1870; in 1878 
was elected a Representative in the State Legislature, 
and was re-electeil in 1880 and 1882; during his ser- 
vice was prominent in promoting railroad reform 
legislation; in 1880 was elected a State Senatin-; in 
1884, in the middle of his Senatorial term, he was 
elected a Representative from New York to the Forty- 
nintli Congress. 

Baker, Conrad ; was Governor of Indiana from 
1S(J7 to isu;). 

Baker, David Je-wett ; was horn in East Had- 
dam, Connecticut, September 7, 1792; went with his 
parents to C)ntario Oranty, New York, in 1800; 
worked on a farm; graduated at Hamilton College in 
1816; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 

■ 1819, settling in Kaska.skia. Illinois; had an exten- 
sive practice, and was Proliate Judge of Randi>lpli 
County; was a Senator in Congress from l-^SOto ls:!l. 

I carrying through Congress the important measure of 
selling the public lands to actual settlers in parcels 
of forty acres; was United States Attorney for Illinois 
from 18.su to 1841. He opposed the introduction of 
slavery into Illinois in 1S23 with such energy, that 
his opponentstried to kill him; died in Alton, Illinois, 

; August 6, 1869. 

I Baker, Edward D.; was born in England : 
brought to this country when a child, and was early 
left an orphan in Philadelphia. His lather was a 
■weaver, and when a boy he worked at that business 
: himself; obtained an education under many ditlicul- 
ties; first studied for the mini.stry, Ijut .soon turned 
his attention to the law, becoming famous as an ad- 
vocate in Illinois, to which State he emigrated in 
his nineteenth year. Alter serving in the Illinois 
Legislature for two years, he resigned, and, in 1846, 
went to Mexico as a Colonel of Volunteers, acquitting 
himself with credit at Cerro Gordo; was a Represen" 
tative in Congress from Illinois from 1849 to ls.51, 
after which he took an active part in the building of 
the Panama Railroad; in 1852 settled in San Fran- 
cisco, devoting himself to his profession ; subsequently 
removed to Oregon, which State he represented as a 
Senator in Congress, taking his seat in March, 1S61. 
At the outbreak of the Rebellion, in 1861, he raised 
a body of men in Pliiladelphia, called the California 
Regiment, and while gallantly leading tliem in battle 
at Leeslmrg, Virginia, against a superior force, was 
shot from his horse and killed, October 21, 1861. 

Baker, Ezra; was a Representative in Congress 
fi-om New Jersey from 1815 to 1817. 



Baker, Grafton ; was born in Virginia and re- 
moved to Mississippi, from which State he was ap- 
pointed an Associate Justice of the United States 
Court for the Territory of New Mexico. 

Baker. JpmesH.; was born in Monroe, Butler 
Oninty, Clhio, May 6, 1S29; received his education 
at the Wesleyan University of that State; became a 
teacher, and had charge of a female seminaiy at 
Richmond, Indiana; in 185.3 purchased the Scioto 
Gaziite and beciime its editor; in 1855 was elected 
Secretary of State for Ohio; subsequently removed 
to Minnesota and became the Secretary of that State; 
ser\ ed as a Colonel in the army in 1S62 and 1863; 
was made Provost-Marshal lor the Department of 
Jlissouri, and served as such until the close of the 
Rebellion, having been made a Brigadier-General; 
was then appointed Register of Public Lands at 
Boonville, Jlissouri, holding the office two years; 
returned to his farm in Minnesota; in 1871 was ap- 
pointed C'omnfissiouer of Pensions, resigning the 
position in 1875. 

Baker, Jehu ; was born in Fayette County Ken- 
tucky, November 4, 1822; received a good education; 
studied law and adopted it as a profession; was 
elected a Representati\e from Illinois to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Committee on Private 
Land Claims, as Chairman of the Committee on E.\- 
penditures in the Post Office Department, and on the 
Special Committee on the Civil Service. Re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Education and Labor and Freedmen's Affiiirs; in 
1878 was appointed Minister Eesident to Venezuela. 

Baker, John ; was a lawyer by profession; was a 
Representative in Congress from Virginia from 1811 
to bsl.'i. Died in Shepherdstown, Virginia, August 
18, 1823. 

Baker, John H.; was born in Parma Tovvnship, 
Monroe County, New York, February 28, 1832; re- 
moved, with his tatlier, to Fulton County, Ohio, wliec 
a child, and worked on his lather's farm until about 
twenty years of age; was educated at the wintei 
schools in the vicinity; secured, by his own efforts, 
three years' instruction in college; studietl law, and 
commenced practice in Goshen, Indiana, in 1857; was 
State Senator in 1862; in 1874 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Indiana to the Forty-fourth Congress; 
v\'as re-elected to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Con- 



Baker. Osrayn ; was liorn in Amherst, Massa- 
chusetts, May 18, IHOO; graduated at Yale College in 
1822; adopted the profession of the law; was a mem- 
ber of the Jlass:icliusetts Legislature in 1833 and 
1834; was a Representative in Congiess from his na- 
tive Stiite from 1839 to 1845; was State Councilor in 
1853 and 1854. 

Baker, Stephen ; was born in the city of New 
York. August 12, 1819; at an early age engaged in 
mercantile pursuits, from which he retired, in ls49, 
to a country seat in Dutcfiess County, New York; 
was elected a Representative from New Y'ork to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Roads and Canals and on Patents. 

Baker, William H.; was born in Lenox, Madi- 
son County, New Y'ork, January 17, 1827; removed, 
with his ])arents, to Oswego County in 1829; received 
his education at the common schools; became a me- 
chanic and then a school teacher; studied law, and 
came to the bar in 1851; in 1862 was elected District 
Attorney for Oswego County; re-elected in 1866; in 
1874 w;is chosen a Representative from New York to 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



21' 



the Forty-fourtli Congress; re-elected to the Forty- 
filth Congress. 

Balch, Alfred ; w.is an early emigrant to the 
Territory of Florida: in 1"^10 \va.s appointed one of 
the United States Jndgc.s for that Territory. 

Bald'win, Abraham ; was a native of Conneeti- 
cut; was a gradnate of Vale College in 1772, and 
from 1775 to 1779 was a tutor in that institution. 
Having .studied law, settled in Savannah, Georgia; 
soon after his arrival there, was elinsen a memher of 
t)ie Legislature; origintited the jilan of the Univer- 
sity of Georgia, drew up the charter. ])ersuaded the 
Assembly to adopt it, and was for some time its Pres- 
ident; was a memljer of tlie Continental Congress 
from 1785 to 1788, and a member of the Convention 
which framed the Constitution of the United States, 
■which he duly signed. From 1789 to 1799 was a 
Eepre.sentative in Congress from Georgia, and from 
1799 to 1807 was a member of the United States Sen- 
ate, part of the time President ;»-o limpoir of the Sen- 
ate; was one of those who \oted for locating the seat 
of Ciovernment on the Potomac. I>ied Jlarcli 4. 1807, 
aged fifty-three years. He was the hall-ljio;her of 
Henry Baldwin. 

BaldTvin, Alexander W.; was a native of Ala- 
bama, wliere be was born in Isiifo; received a legal 
education and settled in Virginia City, Nevada; in 
his thirtieth year was appointed United States Judge 
for Kevada; was killed by a railwaj' accident, at 
Alameda, California, November 15, 1869. His father, 
Joseph G. Baldwin, ^v■as the author of a popular book 
entitled "The Flush Times of Alabama and Missis- 
sippi," and was Judge of the Supreme Court of Cali- 
fornia. 

Bald-win, Augustus C; was born in Salina, 
New York, December 24, 1817; received a common- 
school education; having lost his father when young, 
became dependent upon his own eftbrts for support; 
in 1837 emigi-ated to Jliehigan and settled in Oak- 
land County; taught school, and at the same time 
studied law; came to the bar in 1842. In 1844 and 
1846 was elected to the Legislature of Michigan; in 
1853 and 1854 was Prosecuting Attorney lor his 
adopted county; was a Delegate to the Charleston 
and Baltimore Conventions of 1860; in 1862 was 
elect<'d a Representative from Jliehigan to the Thir- 
ty-eighth Congress, .serving on the Committees on 
Agriculture and Expenditures in the Interior De- 
partment; was a Delegate to the Chicago Coinention 
in 1864; and to the Philadelphia "National Union 
Convention " of 1866. 

Bald^wln, Henry ; w.ts born in New Haven, Con- 
necticut, in 1779; graduated at Vale College in 1797; 
was a Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania 
froxi 1817 to 1822, when he resigned; was a distin- 
guished lawyer, and was for many years Associate 
Judge of the Supreme Court of the United States. 
Died in Philadelphia, April 21, 1844. 

Eald-wln, Henry P.; was born in Coventry, 
lihode Island, February 22, 1814; was left an orphan 
when a boy, and alter receiving a good education was 
a mercantile clerk at Pawtucket for eight years be- 
fore becoming of age, after which he was engaged, 
for several years, in business on his own ac<'ount in 
Woonsocket. In 1838 emigrated to Detroit, Michi- 
gm. and, identifying liimsclf with the interests of 
Jliehigan, beaime President of the Sc^cond National 
Bank of Detroit; was for two years a State Senator: 
in 1868 was elect' d Governor of Michigan, to which 
position he l>ro ght a full store of general informa- 
tion gathered from Ibreigu travel and the study o ' 



men and books; re-elected in 1870 lor a second term; 
w;is a Delegate to the Republican National Conven- 
tion of 1876; in Novend)er, 1S79, was appointed 
I'nited States Senator to till the vacancy ciiu.sed by 
the deatli of Zachariali Chandler, serving until May, 
1881. 

Baldwin, John ; was born in AV^indham, Con- 
necticut; was a Representative in Congress I'rom that 
State from 1825 to 1829, serving on one standing com- 
mittee and one select committee. 

Bald-win, John D.; was born in North Stoning- 
ton, Connecticut, September 28, 1810; graduated at 
Vale College, receiving the degree of A.M.; read la-w, 
but never practiced; went through a course of theo- 
logical studies, devoted himself to literary pursuits, 
and published a volume entitled "Raymond Hill, 
and other Poems." In 1842 became associated with 
the press, lirst in Hartford, and then in Jloston, and 
was editor of tlie Dnily Cnmmnmccalth, a writer 
for the Aclvoiisi'r. and subsequently became the pro- 
prietor of the Wnr(:(xti:r Spi/; wa.s a Delegate to the 
Chicago Convention of 1860; in 1862 was elected a 
Representative from Ma.s,sachusetts to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Committees on Ex- 
jjcnditures, on Rublic Buildings, and on Printing; re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congre.ss, serving on the 
Committees on the District of Columbia an<l Expen- 
ditures on the Public Buildings; was for many year.s 
particularly devoted to the study of ancient history, 
and was the author of a work on that subject; was 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Con- 
venti(m " of 1866; and was re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving as Chairnuiu of the Committee on 
the Library. Died at Woi-ccster, July 8, 1883. 

Bald-win, Roger Sherman; was born at New 
Haven, Connecticut, January 4, 1793; graduated at 
Vale College in 1811; studied law at Litchtield Law 
.School; was admitted to the bar in 1814, and estab- 
lished himself in practice at New Haven, where he 
continued to reside. In 1837 was elected to the State 
Senate; re-elected in 1838, and chosen President pro 
tempore of that body: was a Trustee of Yale College in 
1838 and 1839. In 1840 and 1841 was a JSepresenta- 
tive in the General As.sembly; in the lat'er year was 
a.ssociated with J. Q. Adams in the argument betbre 
the Supreme Court of the United States, in the case 
of the Africans of the Ami.''t(iil. In 1^44 and 1845 
was Go\ernor of the State: in 1*47 wa.s appointed, 
and in 1848 elected, to the United States Senate by 
the Legislatiire of Connecticut, serving until 1851; 
subsequently engaged in his professional duties; was 
a member oi' the Peace Congre.ss of 1861, and also a 
Presidential Elector in that year; died in New Haven, 
February 10, 1863. 

Baldwin, Simeon; was born at Norwich, Con- 
necticut, December 14. 1761; graduated at Vale Col- 
lege in 1781; in 1783 was a])|)<iintc<! tutor at the Col- 
lege, and continued in that ]>osition until 1786, when 
he w;is admitted to the bar in New Haven, and com- 
menced the practice of law. From 1790 to 1^(I3 was 
Clerk of the District and Circuit Courts of the United 
States; was a Representative in Congress from Con- 
necticut from 1803 to 181J.5, and declined a re-elccti(m; 
in 1806 wa.s apjiointed, by tlie Legislature, .X.ssociate 
,Iudge of the Suiterior Court and of the .Sui)reme 
Court of Errors. :uid held the ofti<'e until ]'<17; in 
1S22 was chosen by the General .\sscmbly one of the 
Commissioners to locate the Farmington Canal, and 
w.is made President of that Board; in 1826 was 
elected Mayor of New Haven; in 1830 resigned his 
ofiice as Commissioner; died at New Haven, Jlay 26, 
1-^51. He was the father of Roger Sherman Bald- 
win. 



22 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Balestier, Joseph; was a citizen of Massa- 
chusetts, and while holding the position of Consul at 
Singapore, was empowered, in l.s4i), to negotiate a 
treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation, with 
the Government of Borneo. Authorized to make a 
similar treaty with Cochin-Chixia. 

Ball, Edward ; was born in Virginia; was al\ep- 
resentnti\e in Congress from Ohio ti-om 1853 io 185;), 
and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress; was 
subse<iuently elected Sergeant-at-Arms in the House 
of Kepre.sentatives. 

Ball, William Lee; was horn in Lancaster 
County, Virginia; was a Representative in Congi'ess 
from that State from 1817 to 1824. Died in Wash- 
ington, February 28, 1824, aged forty-five years. 

Ballantine, John G-.; was born at Piila.ski, Ten- 
nessee, May 20, 1827; received a classical education, 
graduating from the University of Nashville in 1845; 
studied law, and graduated fiom Harvard Law- 
School in 1848; was admitted to the bar; engaged in 
planting; removed to Jlississippi in 1855, and +o 
Memphis, Tennessee, in 1860; served in the Confed- 
erate Army throughout the Civil War; settled at 
Pula.ski, Tennessee, in 1872; was elected a Represent- 
ative from Tennessee to the Forty-eighth Congress, 
never before having been a candidate for political 
preferment; was re-elected to the Forty -ninth Con- 
gi'ess. 

Ballou, Latimer "W.; was born in Cumberland, 
Rhode Island, March 1, 1812; received his education 
at the pulilic schools and academies in the vicinity; 
removed to Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 182s, and 
learned the printing business at the office of the Vni- 
versily Pccss; in 1835 established the Cambridr/e Press, 
and continued in that business until 1842, when he 
removed to Woonsocket, Ehode Island, and engaged 
in mercantile business; in 1850 was Cashier of the 
Woonsocket Falls Bank; was Treasurer of the Woon- 
socket Institution for Savings for twenty-five years; 
was Presidential Elector in 1860; Delegate to the 
Philadelphia Convention of 1872; was elected a Kep- 
resentative from Ehode Island to tlie Forty-fourth, 
Forty-fifth, and Forty-si.xth Congresses. 

Bancroft, George ; was born in Worcester, Massa- 
chusetts, in l.-'OO: commenced his education at Exeter 
Academy, Now Hampshire, and gi-aduated at Cam- 
bridge University in 1817; in 1818 visited Europe, 
studied at Gottingen ami Berlin, and traveled exten- 
sively; in 1823 puldishcd a volume of poems; in 1824 
a translation of "Hcercirs Politics of C4reece;" be- 
came a fre'[Hcnt contributor to the Xnrlh American 
and other reviews. On his return from Europe spent 
one year as a tutor at Harvard; was at the head of 
the Kound Hill School at Nortluimiiton; from 1.838 to 
1841 was Collector of the port of Boston, aijpointcd 
by President Van Buren ; in 1844 was an unsuccess- 
ful candidate for the Governorship of Massachusetts; 
in 1845 was appointed, by President Polk, Secretary 
of the Navy; in 1846 was appointed IMinister to Great 
Britain, remaining there until 1849; on his return set- 
tled in New York and became an active member of 
■various learned societies. In 1844 published the first 
volume of his "History of the United States," since 
which time nine additional volumes have appeared; 
in 1855 published his "Literary and Historical Mis- 
cellanies;" in 1865, by invitation of Congress, de- 
livered, in the Capitol, an oration on the death of 
Abraham Lincoln; in 1867 was appointed, by Presi- 
dent .lohnson, Jlinister to Prussia. On his retui'n to 
I Amcrii-a settled in Wa.shiiigtou City. 



Banister, John ; was a delegate from Virginia to 
the Continental Congress from 1778 to 1779, and signed 
the Articles of Confederation. 

Banks, John ; was born in Juniata County, Penn- 
sylvania in 1793; was reared on his father's larm; 
received a cla-ssical education; studied law; came to 
the bar in 1819, and .settled in the western part ol the 
State- was a Kepresentative in Congress trom Penn- 
sylvania from 1831 to 1836, when he resigned to ac- 
cept the appointment of President .Indgeot the lliird 
Judicial District of the State; in 1841 was the Whig 
candidate for Governor, but n.ilc.l to be elected; m 
1847 resio-ned the judgeship and became State Treas- 
urer; w;is subsefiuently engaged in the practice of 
his profession. Died at Heading, on the 3d ot April, 
1S64. 

Banks, Linn ; was born in Virginia; was for 
twenty successive vears Speaker of the House ol Del- 
egates of that State; was a Representative m Con- 
fess from Virginia from 1838 to 1842, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Claims; was lound 
drowned in a stream in Madison County, Virginia, 
February 24, 1842. 

Banks, Nathaniel P. ; was born in Waltham, 
Masaachusetts, January 30, 1816, of poor but respect- 
able parents, operati\es in a factory; hixd no advan- 
tages but those aftbrded by the common school, but 
became a lover of books at an early day; his first ven- 
ture licfbre the public was in the capacity of news- 
paper eilitor in his native town, and he followed the 
same pursuit at Lowell; studied law, but did not 
practice to any great extent; in 1848 was elected to 
the Legislature of Massachusetts, serving in both 
houses, and ofiiciating for a time as Speaker; was, 
chosen President of the Convention held in 1853 lor 
revising the Constitution of Massachusetts; was soon I 
afterwards elected a Representative in Congress, serv-| 
ing from 1853 to 1857, when he was elected Governor 
of Massachusetts by a majority of 24,000; during his- 
second term in Congre.ss was elected Speaker of thej 
House, after a remarkahle contest, and it is said thati 
not one of his decisions was ever overruled by the 
House; was elected Governor of Massachusetts for a 
second term in 1858, and for a third term in 1859; 
during the Rebellion of 1861-'64, served in the Union 
army as a Jlaior-General of Volunteers, and saw 
much service in' the field; in 1865 was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Massachusetts to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, in the place of D. W. Gooch, resigned, serv- 
ing on the Committees on the death of President 
Lincoln, and Rules, and as Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Foreign Afiairs; was also one of the Represent- 
atives desig-iiated to attend the funeral of General 
Scott in I8(>(i; was a Delegate to the Phnadeljihia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 1866, and of the. "Sol- 
diers' Convention " liekV at Pittsbtirgli, and was re- 
elected to the Fortieth, Forty-second and Forty-fonrth 
Congresses, serving on the most important commit- 
tees; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress; in 
1679 was appointed United States Marshal for the 
District of Massachusetts, and was re-appointed in 
1883. 

Banning, Heni-y B.; was bom in Mount Ver- 
non, Ohio, November 10, 1834; received an academic 
education; studied and practiced law at Mount A'er- 
non, Ohio, until 1661, when he enlisted as a pri\ate 
soldier; rose to the rank of Brevet Major-General; 
represented Knox County in the Ohio Legislature in 
1866 and 1867; removed to Cincinnati in the year 
1869, where he resumed the practice of law; was 
elected to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Con- 
gresses, serving on the Committee on Foreign Affairs; 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



2:5 



in December, 1875, was appointed Chairman of the 
Committee on Military Affairs ; re-elected to the 
Foi'ty-tifth Congress. 

Barber, Ed-ward "Wilmot ; was born at Ben- 
son, Vermont, .Inly o, 1828 ; removed to Vermont- 
ville, Michigan, in 1839; received a common school 
education; learned the printing business; was Clerk 
of the Michigan House of Representatives from 1857 
to lSt>3; was Clerk of Eaton County from 1861 to 
1865, and Register of Deeds from 1865 to 1867; was 
Reading Clerk of the National House of Representa- 
tives duringthe Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth and For- 
tieth Congi-esses ; was Supervisor of Internal Revenue 
for Wisconsin and Michigan from 1869 to 1873; was 
appointed Third Assistant Postmaster-General in 
March, 1873, and resigned June 1, 1877, after twenty 
years of continuous public service. 

Barber, Hiram, Jr. ; was born in Warren County, 
New York, March 24, 1835; removed to Wisconsin in 
1846, and was educated at the State University at 
Madison; studied law and wiis admitted to the bar; 
was District Attorney of Jefferson County, Wiscon- 
sin, in 1861 and 1862; was Assistant Attorney-Gen- 
eral of the State in 1865 and 1866; removed to 
Chicago, Illinois, in 1866; was elected a Represent- 
ative from Illinois to the Forty-si.\th Congress. 

Barber, J. Allen ; was born in Vermont; ob- 
tained a liberal education at the University of Ver- 
mont; studied law, and was admitted to jiractice in 
1833; in 1837 removed to the Territory of Wisconsin; 
was a member of the first Constitutional Convention 
of Wisconsin in 1846; was elected to the State As- 
sembly in 1852, 18.53, and 1863, serving the last year 
as Speaker; was elected to the State Senate in 1856 
and 1857; was elected to the Forty-second Congress, 
and was re-elected to the Forty-thiid Congress, 
serving on several Committees. 

Barber, Levi; was born in Litchfield County, 
Connecticut: was a Representative in Congress fn mi 
Ohio from 1817 to 1819, and again from 1821 to 1823. 

Barber, Noyes ; was born in Groton, Connecti- 
cut, April 28, 1781; was in early life a merchant, but 
a lawyer by profession; was a Representative in Con- 
gress trom his native State from 1821 to 1835; died at 
Groton, January 3, 1845. He vviis a man of ability, 
and while in Congress accomplished much good for his 
native State, where he was universally respected as a 
man and a statesman. 

Barbour, James; was a native of Virginia; was 
Speaker of the House of Delegates, and Governor of 
that State; was a Senator in Congress, from 1815 to 
1825, officiating as President pro tempore of the Senate, 
as Chairman of the Committees on Foreign Relations 
and the District of Columbia, and serving on other 
important Committees; was appointed Secretary of 
War in 1825, and Minister to England in 1828; died 
in Orange County, Vii'ginia, J une 8, 1842, aged sixty- 
six years. 

Barbour, John S. ; wa-s born in Culpepper 
County, Virginia; was in early life a member of the 
State Legislature; from 1823 to 1833 a memher of 
Congress from Virginia; member of the Constilutional 
Convention in 1829 and 1830, again in the State 
Legislature in 1833 and 1834; died in Culpepper 
County, Virginia, January 12, 1855. 

Barbour, John S.; was born in Culpepper Coun- 
ty, Virginia, Diccmber 29, 1820; w;us educated at the 
University of Virginia; graduated in law at that in- 
stitution, aiul commenced practice in bis luitive 



county; was elected a member of the State House of 
Representatives, serving from 1847 to 1851; was 
elected President of the "Orange and Alexandria 
Railroad Company," (now the "Virginia .Midland 
Railway Company,") in 18,52, and continued in that 
position for upwards of thirty years; was elected a 
Representative from Virginia to the Forty-seventh 
and Forty-eiglith Congresses, and was re-elected to 
the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Barbour, Lucien; was born in Canton, Connec- 
ticut, March 4, 1811; graduated at Amherst C^ollege 
in 1837, having been himself a teacher while receiv- 
ing his own education; removed to Indiana, stuilii^d 
law, and settled in the practice at Indianapolis; was 
appointed, by President Polk, United States District 
Attorney; acted a number of times as arbitrator be- 
tween file State of Indiana and private corporations; 
in 1852 was a])pointed a Commissioner to prepare a 
code of practice for the State; was a Representative 
from Indiana in the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Barbour, Philip P.; was born in 1779; wasednca-i 
ted for the law, in the practice of which he was suc- 
cessful; was a member of Congress from Virginia,| 
from 1814 to 1825; Speaker of the House of K'ep-j 
resentatives in 1821; in 1825 was appointed Judge 
of the Ea.stern District of Virginia; was again in 
Congress from 1827 to 1830, officiating as Chairnum' 
of the Judiciary Committee; in 1836 was appointed,! 
by President Jackson, an Associate Judge of the Su- 
preme Court of the United States. Died in W;ush- 
ington City, of ossification of the heart, February 25, 
1841. 

Barclay, David ; w.as born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress, from his native 
State, fi-om 1855 to 1857. 

Bard, David ; was a graduate of Princeton Col- 
lege in 1773; was a Representative in Congress trom 
Pennsylvania from 1795 to 1799, and again from ISOo 
to 1815. Died in Virginia in 1815. 

Barker, Abraham A.; was born in Lovell, Ox- 
ford County, Maine, March 30, 1816; received a com- 
mon-school education, and engaged in agricullural 
pursuits; was early a strenuous advocate of temper-! 
ance and anti-slavery; removed to Pennsylvania in 
1854, and devoted himself to the lumber and mercan- 
tile business; was a Delegate to the Chicago Conven- 
tion of i860; in 1864 was elected a Representative 
from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Claims. i 

Barker, David ; was a lawyer by profession : was 
a Representative in Congress from New Hampshire 
from 1827 to 1829. Died in Rochester, New Hamp- 
shire, April 1, 1834, aged thirty-seven years. 

Barker, Joseph ; commenced his classical stu- 
dies at Harvard University, and graduated at Yale 
College in 1771; was an oi.laiiied Preaclierol the Gos- 
pel; was a Representative in Congress from Mas.sa- 
chusetts liom 1805 to 1809. Died in 1815, aged 
sixty-four y<'ars. , 

Barksdale, Ethelbert ; was born in Rnlherford 
County, Tennessee; received a classical education; 
removed to Jlississippi at an early age; adopted the 
profession of journalism; was a Representative in the 
Confederate Congress lor four ycai-s: was a Piisiden- 
tial Elector, and President of the Mississippi College 
of Eleclors, in 1876; was elected a Reprcsentati". <■ 
from Mississippi to the Forty-eighth Congress, a:id 
was re-elected to the Forty-nintli Congress. 



24 



BIOURAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Barksdale, William ; was born in Rutherford 
County, Tennessee, August 21, 1821; pursued a 
partial course of studies at the Nashville University; 
was a lawj'er by profession; lield a commission in 
the Stall' of the Second Mississippi Eegirucnt, in the 
Mexican War, in 1847; was a member of the Missis- 
sippi Convention called in 1851 to discuss the Com- 
promise measures of 1850; was elected Kepreseutative 
from Mississippi in the Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, 
Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs. 
Joined the Great Rebellion in ISfil, and was killed 
at the battle of Gettysburg in 1863. 

Barlo'W, Bradley ; was born at Fairfield, Ver- 
mont, May 12, 1814; engaged in agricultural and 
mercantile pursuits until 1858; removed to St. Albans, 
Vermont, and engaged in banking and other pursuits; 
served six terms as a Representative in tlie State Leg- 
islature, and two terms as State Senator; was twice 
a member of State Constitutional Conventions; was 
County Treasurer for several years; was elected a 
Representative from Vermont to the Forty-sixth Con- 
gress. 

Barlcw, Joel; was bom in Reading. Connecticut, 
March, 1755; served as a volunteer in the Re\olu- 
tionary Army; studied theology; was licensed as a 
Congi'egational minister, and from 1778 to 1783 v\'as 
a chaplain in the army, varying his clerical duties 
with the composition of patriotic songs and addresses 
to keep up the sphit of the soldiers. About 1781 
delivered, at New Haven, a poem entitled "The 
Prospect of Peace." Settling at Hartford he tried 
book-selling; established the Amrrican Mercury, a 
weekly paper; in 1785 was admitted to the bar. In 

1786 published a revision of Dr. Watts' version of 
the Psalms, containing some pieces of his own; was 
also one of the authors of the "Anarchaid," and in 

1787 published his " Vision of Columbus." In 1788 
visited Europe as agent of the Ohio Land Company, 
and published, in aid of the French Revolution; 
"Advice to the Privileged Orders," "Letter to the 
National Convention," and in 17il8, " Conspiracy of 
the Kings," a poem. In 1792, as Deputy of the Lon- 
don Constitutional Society, presented an address to 
the French Convention, by whom he was invested 
with the rights of a French citizen, and given employ- 
ment at Savoy, where he wrote bis mock-heroic 
poem, " Hasty Pudding;" in 1795 to 17t)7, was United 
States Consul at Algiers, and negotiated treaties with 
Algiers and Tripoli; in 1790 published his political 
writings; in 1799 published his letter to the people of 
the United States, and endeavored to adjust our dif- 
ficulties with France, and in a memoir to the French 
(.ki\ernment, denounced privateering as sea-robbery; 
in 1805 returned to the United States, and resided on 
the Potomac near Wasliington; in 1807 published the 
"Columbiad;" in 1811 was Emba.ssador to France; 
was invited, by the French Minister, to a conference 
vrith Napoleon at Wilna, but died before his arrival 
there, at Zarnowicke, near Craco\v, I'ohuul, December 
22, 1812. 

BarlO'W, Stephen ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from I'ciiii.sylvania from 1827 to li-^29, and was 
a member of the Committee on Agricailture. 

; Barnard, Daniel Dewey ; was born in Berk- 
shire County, Massachusetts, in 1797; graduated at 
Williams College in 1818; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar, in New York, in 1821 ; in 1826 was 
e'ected District Attorney for the County of Jlonroe, 
New York; was a Representative in t'ongress fi-om 
New Y'ork, from 1827 to 1829, and again from 1839 
13 1845, serving as Chairman of the Judiciary Com- 



mittee. In 1850 was appointed Minister to Prus.sia; 
devoted much attention to literary pursuits, and the 
<legree of LL.D. was conferred upon him by the Col- 
leges of Geneva and New York. Died at Albany, 
Ajpril 24, 1861. 

Barnard, Henry ; was born in Hartford, Con- 
necticut, January 24, ]s]l; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1830; was admitted to the bar in 1835; 
traveled extensively in Europe until 1837, when he 
was elected a member of the Legislature of Connecti- 
cut, and was twice re-elected to that oflice, during 
which time be effected a re-oi^anization of the State 
Common School system; was four years Secretary of 
the Board of School Commissioners, and made his 
first annual report in 1839; issued four volumes of 
the CdiiiK-dicul Common .S'c/ioo/ Journal, and continued 
it from 1850 to 1855; was Sujierintendent of Pub- 
lic Schools in Rhode Island, from 1843 to 1.^4!); State 
Superintendent of School Architecture from 1850 to 
1854; began the American Jonrnnl of FMiicntiun in 
1855; became President of the American As.s(jciat)oa 
for the Advancement of Education; in 1857 was ap- 
ixjinted Commissioner of the new Department of 
Education at Washington; published several works 
on Education in Europe and America; received the 
degree of LL.D. from Harvard University, in 1852. 

Barnard, Isaac D.; was born at Aston Pennsyl- 
vania, 17!)1; received an ordinary education; began 
to study law in Chester in 1811: was appointed Cap- 
tain of' the Foirrteenth Infantiy, March 12, 1812; 
Jlajor, June 26, 1813; was distinguished at Lyons 
Cieek, and at the capture of Fort George in 1813; 
lelt tlie army in 1815; resuming bis legal studies was 
.admitted to the bar, in 1816, at Westchester; wassoon 
made Deputy Attorney-General; chosen State Sen- 
ator in 1820; Secretary of State in 1826; was United 
States Senator tiom Pennsylvania, from 1827 to 1831. 
Died at Westchester, Pennsylvania, February 28, 
1834. 

Barnes, Alanson H.; was born in New Y'ork; 
removed to Wisconsin and practiced law; in 1873 
was ap]Miinted United States Associate Justice for the 
Territory of Dakota. 

Barnes, David Leonard ; was a citizen of 
Rhode Island; in 1801 was appointed, by President 
Adams, United States Judge for the District of Rhode 
Island. 

Barnes, Demas; was born in Gorham township, 
Ontario County, New Y'ork, Ajn'il 4. 1827; received 
an academic and classical education ; spent bis 
boyhood on a farm; became a clerk in a country 
store; subsequently a merchant; in his twenty- 
second year removed to New York City, where 
he followed the drug and medicine business, with 
Ijrancb houses in New Orleans and Montreal. 
Alter serving as a member of the Chamber of Com- 
merce, and as President of several incorporated 
comp;iines, crossed the American Continent in a 
wagon, examining the mineral resources of Colorado, 
Nevada, and Calilbrnia; in 1866 was elected a Rep- 
resentative fiom New York to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on the Conjuiittees on Banking and 
Currency, and Education and Labor. 

Barnes, George 'SC, was born in Richmond 
County, Georgia, August 14, lb33; was educated at 
the Richmond County Academy, in Augusta, Georgia, 
and at the State University, at Athens, Georgia; 
graduated from the latter institution in August, 1853; 
studied law; was admitted to the bar in February, 
1855, and engaged in the practice of law at Atlanta, 
Georgia; in the fall of 1855 was an unsuccessful candi- 



L 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



25 



date for member of the House of Keprcsentatives of 
the State of Georgia; in lS(i() was elected a niemher 
of the Georgia House of Kei)resentati\cs; was three 
times re-elected; entered the Confederate army, as a 
Lieutenant of Artillery, in Ajjril, 1801; served in that 
capacity until the latter part of the war, when he 
became a commander of a battery of artillery on the 
coast of Georgia and South Carolina; in IHIi.-*, 1870, 
and 1880, was a Delegate to the National Democratic 
Conventions of those years; in 187(i, was elected ;i 
member of the National Denujcratic Committee, and 
continued to serve as such until 1HS4; in the latter 
year was elected a Representative from Georgia to 
the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Barnes, Williani H. ; was born at Hampton, 
Connecticut, in 184H: in 18.r2 removed, with his pa- 
rents, to Illinois; received a liberal education, gradu- 
ating from Michigan University as A. ]'>. in 1805; 
.studied law; in 1800 was admitted to the bar and 
commenced the practice of law at Jacksonville, Illi- 
nois; was a Representative in the State Legislature 
in 1^71 and 1872; was a Delegate to the l)enu)eratic 
National Conventions of 1^70, 1880 and Iss-l; was a 
member of every Democi'atic State Convention held 
in Illinois between ISfi.i and 1885; in October, 1885, 
\vas appointed, by I'resident Cle\eland, an Associate 
Justice of the Supreme Court of the Territory of 
Arizona. 

Barnett, William ; was elected a Representative 
in Congress from Georgia li'om 1812 to 1815, when he 
■was apix)inted one of the Commissioners to run the 
Creek Boundary line. 

Barney, John ; was a son of Commodore Joshua 
Barney, and a nu-mber of Congress from Maryland 
from 18-25 to ]«27. Died in Washington, District of 

iColunibia, January 20, 1857, aged se\enty-two years. 

'He was known in Washington society for many years 
as an agreeable gentleman; left behind him an un- 
linished record of "Personal Recollections of Men 
and Things," both in this country and Europe. 

Bamitz, Charles A. ; wasa Repre.^entative in Con- 
gre.ss from Penus^hania from 1833 to 1835. Died at 
York, in that State, in March, 1850. 

Barnuni, William H. ; was born in Connecticut, 
Sejitember 17, l^^l^i; received a common-school edu- 
cation; when eiglitcen years of age becanu; engaged 
in business pursuits; was for many years largely en- 
gaged in the production of iron from the ore, and in 
the manufacture of car-wheels. In 1852 wa.s elected 
to the State Legislature; was a Delegate to the Phil- 
adelphia "Union Natioiuil Convention'' of 1800; in 
Ajiril, 1867, was elected a Representative from Con- 
necticut to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Manufactures, and Roads and Canals; was 
re-elected to the Forty-lirst and Fcuty-second Con- 
gresses; also to the Forty-third and Forty-fonrth Con- 
gresses, serving on \arious imiK>rtant committees; was 
elected United States Senator from Conm-cticut to fill 
the vacancy <-aused by the death of Orris S. Ferry, 
serving from May, 1870, to March, 187!). 

Bam"well, Robert; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from South Carolina, from 17!)1 to 17!)3. 

Bam-well, Robert "Woodward; was born in 
South Carolina; graduated at Harvard University in 
ls21; studied law; was a Keprescntative in Congress 
friim South Carolina from ls-2!) to 1833; was President 
of the .South Candina College from 1835 to 1843; was 
a Senator in Congress, in 1850, by ap)iointment, to 
fdl a vacancy caused by the death of Franklin H. 
Elmore. In" December, 18011, was appointed one of 



the Commissioners to visit Washington in behalf of 
South Carolina; served as a mendjer of the "Confed- 
erate" C(uigrcss: afti-r the war was again President ol' 
the South Carolina College. 

Barr, JohnW.; was born at Versailles, Ken- 
tucky, Dcccjul)ci- 17, 1820; was educated in the pri- 
vate schools of that vicinity; graduated from the 
Law Department of Transyhania University, Lex- 
ington, Kentucky, in 1847, and ccunmimced the prac- 
tice of law at Versailles; soon afterward removed to 
Louisville, Kentucky, where h(^ continued to prac- 
tice his profession until 1880, when he was apiM)intcd 
United States District Judge for the District of Ken- 
tucky; never sought, or held, any political oflice. 

Barr, Samuel F.; was born near Colcraine Coun- 
ty, Antrim, Ireland, June 15, 1829; emigrated with 
li'is parents, to the United States in 1831; received a 
common-scliool education; engaged in railroad and 
commercial pursuits; was editor of the Jlan-ixhuri/ 
Tclryriiph from ls73 to 1878: was elected a i;cj)iesen- 
tative from Penn.sylvania to the Forty-seventh and 
Forty-eighth Cougiesses. 

Barr, Thomas J.; was born iu New Ymk City in 

1812; comim'uced life by engaging in a varictj- of 
pursuits; from 1S35 to 1842 licld the position of a 
landlord in New Jersey; in 184!) and 18.50 was an As- 
sistant AUleruum in the City Councils in New York; 
in 1853 was elected a mendier of the State Senate; 
was elected a Representative in Congress from New 
York, taking bis .seat during the second session of 
the Thirty-fifth Congress, and re-elected to the Tlnr- 
t.v-sixth Congress, serving as a mcmlicr of the Com- 
liiittee on Expenses in the State Department; subse- 
quently held an office iu New York connected with 
the Custom House. 

Barrere, G-ranville ; -was born in Highland 
County. Ohio; received a CDUimon-scliool education; 
attended college at Augusta, Kentucky, and Jlarietta, > 
Ohio; .studied law and was admitted to the bar in 
Ohio; commenced practice in Illinois in 1850; was 
elected to the Forty-third Congi-ess, serving on the 
Committees on Pri%ate Land Claims and Weights and 
Measures. 

Barrere, Nelson ; was a Re|iresentative in Con- 
gi-e.ss from Ohio, from 1851 to 18.53. 

Barrett, J. Richard; was born in Kentucky; 
removing to Missouri, was elected a Re])resentative 
from that State to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Public Lauds. 

Barrett, Joseph H.; was born in Vermont; re- 
ceived a goixl education; was appointed in ls(il, from 
Ohio, Commissioner of Pensions; in 1808 resigned 
the position; returned to Ohio, and a.ssociated him- 
self with the newspaper ijress of Cincinnati. 

Barringrer, Daniel L.; was horn in Mecklen- 
burg County, North Carolina, October 1, 178.s; bad a 
good classical edm-ation; studied law, and practiced 
with success in \V;ike County; served in the Legisla-, 
ture of North Carolina in lsI3, and again from 18]!). 
to 18-22; was a Rei)rcsentative in Congress from North. 
Carolina from 1820 to 18:!5; was a Presidential Elec- 
tor in 1844; sub.se(iuenlly removed to Tennessee, and 
was elected Speaker of tlie House of Representatives' 
of that State. Died October Ki, 1852. 

Barring-er, Daniel Moreau ; -was born in Cab- 
arras County, North Carolina; giaduated at the Uni- 
versity of North Carolina in 1820; selected the law as 
a profession; couHueiicrd practice in 1829; in that 
year was elected a nu-mber of the .State Legislature, 



26 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



in which position he continued lor a number of years ; 
in 1835 was a member of a Convention to amend the 
State Constitution; w;us a Representative in Congress 
from Nortli Ciirolina tmm 1843 to 1849, when he was 
appointed, by President Taylor, Minister to Spain, 
and continued in tliat mission by President Fillmore; 
on resigning his position as Minister, a;tter serving 
foHr years, traveled extensively in Europe; on his 
return home was elected to the State Legislature ; in 
1855, having declined a re-election, retired to pri\ate 
life, devoting himself to literary studies and pursuits; 
was elected a Delegate to the Pe;ice Congress of 18(31, 
and also to the PhiUwlelphia "National Union Con- 
vention " of 186f). Died at the Green Brier Springs, 
Virginia, September 1, 1873. 

Barron, H. V. ; was appointed Fifth Auditor of 

the Trea.sury in 1869, and held the office until 1872. 

Barrow, Alexander; was born in Nashville, 
Tennessee, in 1801; after completing his education 
was admitted to the bar; soon after removeil to Lou- 
isiana, gave up the practice of law, and turned his 
attention to planting; served a number of years in 
the Legislature of Louisiana: was a Senator in Con- 
gress from Louisiana from 1841 t<^ 1846. Died Decem- 
ber 29, 1846. 

Barrow^, Pope; was born in Oglethorpe County, 
Georgia, August 1, 1839; graduated at the Univer- 
sity of Georgia in 1859, and in the law class of that 
institution of 1860; commenced the practice of law; 
served in the Confederate Army; at the close of the 
War of the Rebellion resumed tlie practice of law at 
Athens, Georgia; wiis a member of the State Consti- 
tutional Convention of 1877; was a Representative in 
the State Legislature in 1880 and 1881; was elected 
a Senator of tlie United States from (Jeorgia to hU the 
vaciiucy caused by the death of Benjamin H. Hill, 
and served from December 5, 1882, to March 3, 1883. 

Barrow, "Washing-ton; was a native of Ten- 
nessee; w;is a lawyer by education and profession; 
In 1841 was appointed American Clmnje d' Affairva to 
Portugal; was a Representative in Cougre.ss from 
Tennessee from 1847 to 1849, serving on the Commit- 
tee for the District of Columbia. ■ During the Rebel- 
lion was arrested by the Governor of Tennessee for 
alleged disloyalty, but wa.s soon released by order of 
President Lincoln. Died at St. Louis, 'Missouri, 
October 19, l8U6. 

BaiTy.P. G-.j was born, of Irish parents, at Wood- 
bury, Tennessee, January 15, 1845; received a limited 
common-school education; served in the Confederate 
Army during the Civil War; settled in Mississippi; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar at Aber- 
deen, Mississippi, in 1809; engaged in the practice 
of law at West Point, Mississippi; wasa State Senator 
from 1875 to 1879; was a Presidential Elect^ir in 1880; 
in 1884, was elected a Representatise from Missis- 
sippi to the Forty-niuth Congress. 

Barry, Henry W.; was born in New York; re- 
ceived a limited education; was principal of an 
academy in Kentucky for two years; graduated at 
the Columbian Law College, District of Coluvubia; 
entered the Union Army as a private early in tlie 
Rebellion; organized the tirst regiment of colored 
troops raised in Kentucky; commanded a brigade and 
a division of the army; was brevetted twice tor gallant 
conduct; was a Major-General; was elected to the 
State Constitutional Convention of Mississippi in 
1887; to the. State Senate in 1868; was elected to the 
Forty-tirst and two subsequent Congresses, ser\'ini' 
on the Committee on Patents, and as Chau-man oi 
that on the Post Office. Died in Washin"ron June 
7, 187.'^ ° ' 



Barry, John S. ; was born in Vermont in 1802; 
educated at the public schools of that State; while a 
young man went to Georgia and r&sided at Atlanta;, 
subsequently emigrated to the Territory of Michigan 
and settled in the town of Constantine, where he re- 
sided until his death. Although educat-ed for the- 
legal profession, he turned his attention to mercantile 
pursuits. His first public service w;is rendered as a 
member of the first Constitutional Convention, in 
which he took a leading part; upon the organizj,tion 
of the Stat« Government, w;is elected a State Senator, 
and in 1841 chosen Governor of the State; re-elected 
in 1843, and also in 1849; was also, on two occasions, 
a Presidential Elector. In 1840 took a special in- 
terest in the cultivation of the sugar-beet, and with 
a view of obtaining information in regard to its manu- 
facture \'isited Europe. His last public service was 
as a member of the Democratic Presidential Conven- 
tion held ill Chicago in 1864; died in Constantine, 
January 15, 1870. 

Barry, William T.; was born in Fairfax County, 
Virginia, March 18, 1780; served in the State Legis- 
lature as Speaker; during the years 1810 and 1811 
was a Representative in Congress; was a Senat<}r in 
Congress from Kentucky from 1814 to 1816; was also 
a member of President Jackson's cabinet, as Post- 
master-General (the first, as such, admitted to tjiat 
honor) ; at the time of his death, which occurred in 
Liverpool, England, August 30, 1835, was Minister 
Plenipotentiary of the United States to Spain. 

Barry, William T. S.; was born in Columbus, 
Mississippi, December 12, 1821; graduated at Yale 
College in 1841; was a planter in Oktibbeha County; 
practiced law in Columbus two or three years; was a 
member of the Legislature from 1849 to 1851; re-, 
moved to Sunflower County; was a Representative ia' 
Congress from Mississippi from 1853 to 1855; again 
practiced law in Columbus; was Sjjeaker of the Leg- 
islature in 1855; seceded from the Charleston Con- 
vention in 1860; was President of the Secession Con- 
vention of Mississippi, and member of the Provi- 
sional Congress; entered the Confederate Army in 
1861, and commanded the Thirty-fifth Mississippi 
Regiment from 1862 until captured at Mobile in 1-^65; 
afterwards practiced law in Columbus; died in thatj 
city, January 29, 1868. | 

Barstow, Gamaliel H.; was Treasurer of the' 
State of New York fr-om 1825 to 1838; served three 
years in the Assembly of New York; four years in 
the State Senate; was a Rejjresentative in Congress 
from that State from 1831 to 1833. Died at Nichols, 
New York, in April, 1865, aged eighty years. 

Barstow^, G-ideon ; was a native of Massachu- 
setts; served in both branches of the Legislature of 
that State; was a Representative in Congress from 
1821 to 1823. Died in St. Augustine, Florida, wiiere 
he had gone for his health, March 20, 1852, aged six- 
ty-nine years. 

Barstow, John Ii. ; was born at Shelburn, Ver- 
mont, February 21, 1832; received a common-.sc;iool 
and aciidemic education; resided in Detroit, Michi- 
gan, from 1851 to 1855; returned to Vermont; \v;is 
Clerk of the State House of Representatives in 18 iO; 
served in the Union Army from 1861 to 1864, rising 
to the rank of JIajor; was made Brigadier-General of 
State troops at the time of the St. Albans raid; \vas 
a Representative in the State Legislature in 1864 and 
1865; a State Senator in 1806 and 1868; was United 
States Pension Agent at Burlington, Vermont, from 
1870 to 1878; in 1880 w:is elected Lieutenant-Go\-er- 
nor for the term of two years; in 1882 was elected 
Governor of Vermont for the term of two vears. 



BIOGRAPHICAL AXNALS. 



2T 



Barstovr, William A. : was boin in ISIl: was 
Grovcnior of Wisidiisin iVum 1S54 to 1856. When 
the Kebellion commenced ; he raised a regiment of 
: cavalry for the war, and was appointed its Colonel; 
rendered important service on conrts-martial at St. 
Louis. Died at Leavenwortli, Kansas, December 14, 
, ,1805. 

Bartlett, Asa; wa.s appointed Chief Justice of 
the United .States Court lor the Territory of Dakota. 

Bartlett, Bailey : was Sheriff of Es.sex County, 
JIassaclnisetti, for many yeai-s, and a Representative 
in Congress from Mas.saehiisetts from 1797 to 1801, 
having succeeded T. Bradbury. 

Bartlett, Ichabod ; was bom in Salisbury, Mer- 
rimack County, New Hampshire, in 1786; graduated 
at Dartmouth College in ls(l-<; studied law, and set- 

;tled in Portsmouth, where he was eminently success- 
ful in his profession; was a Kepresentative in Con- 
gress from New Hampshire from 1823 to 1829, serv- 
ing on tlie Committee on Na\al Affairs; was also fre- 
quently in the State Legislature, and was a member 

:of the Convention to revise the State Constitution. 
Died in Portsmouth, October 19, 1853. 

Bartlett, John Russell ; was born in Provi- 
dence, Khode I.sland, i)etober 23, 1805: was early 
placed in a banking-house, and was for six years 
Cashier of the Globe Bank, Providence; was one of 
the founders of tlte Athenicum, and a member of tlie 
Franklin Society for the Cultivation of Science, be- 
fore which he occasionally lectured. In 1837 engaged 
in an unsuccessful business in New York, and then 
established a foreign book-.store; was a manager of 

' the New York Historical Society, and tie Ethnologi- 
cal Society. In 1850 was Commissioner to tix the 
boundary-line between the United States and Mexi- 
co; in 1854 published a personal narrative of ph\ces vis- 
ited; also, in 1847, a work on Ethnology'; and in 1848, 
" Dictionary of Americanisms; " was apjiointed Sec- 
retary of State of Kliode Island in 1855; publislied 
the records of the Colony, in ten volnmes; was Acting 
Governoi' in 1861 and 1862; published " Bililiog- 
raphy of Rhode Island" in 1864; " Eibliotheca 
Americana" from 1865 to 1870; "Literature of the 
.Rebellion" in 1866; " Reminiscences of Albert Gal- 
latin " in 1849; "Primeval Man" in 1868; "His- 
tory of the Destruction of the Gaspee " in 1862; 
"Index to the Acts and Resolves of the General As- 
sembly of Rhode Island" li-om 1758 to 1862, and 

s other records of the State. 

Bartlett, Joseph J.; was a citizen of New 
York; in 1867 was a]>poiiitci.l Jlinistcr Resident to 
Sweden and Norway, wliere he remaiued until 1869. 

Bartlett, Josiah ; was bom in New Hampshire, 
in 1768 ; was a phj'sician of extensive practice; a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from New Hampshire from 
:1811 to 1813; a Presidential Elector in 1792 and 1825. 
His father, bearing the same name, w:>s a man of 
note, and the first Governor of New Hampshire, after 
;the adoption of the Federal Constitution; died at 
I'Stratham. in that State, April 14, 1838. 

Bartlett, Josiah; was lioin in .Amcsbury, Massa- 
chusetts, in November, 1727: was educated for the 
medical proie.s.siou; held conimi.ssions, both military 
aud civil, under the royal government; accompanied 
■; Stark to Bennington as medical agent ; w;is a Delegate 
Ifi-ora New Hampshire to the Continental Congress 
from 1775 to 1779, and signed the .Vrticlesof Con- 
fe(ler;ition and Declaration of Independence; was ap- 
pointed, in the latter year, Chief .Justice of the Court 
of C'ommo'i Pleas; Justi e of the Superior Court in 



1784, and Chief Justice in 1788; in 1790 wiis ap- 
pointed President of New Hami)shire, aud electe<lby 
the people in 1791 and 1792; in 1793 was elected Gov- 
ern(n- of New Hampshire under the (>)nstitution, 
serving two years; was the President of :i Medical 
Societv established by his ellbrts in 1791; died May 
19, 1795. 

Bartlett, Thomas, Jr. ; was born in Vermont j 
a<lopted the profession of the l:nv; was a Rei)resent- 
ati\e in Congress from Vermont I'roni 1851 to 1H53; 
served three years in the State Legislature, both 
hou.ses: was County Attorney in 18:!9 and ls41; 
President of the State Constitutional Convention of 
1850. 

Bartley, Mordecai ; was born in Fayette 
County, Pennsylvania, December 16. 1783 ; his- 
parents settled in L<UKlon County, Virginia, in 1794 j 
attended school during intervals from labor on his 
father's farm; removed to Ohio in Isdil, and engaged 
in agriculture in Mansfield, Richland County; was 
Captain and Adjutant, under Harrison, in the Warof 
1812; was a State Senator in 1817 and 1818; Register 
of the Land Office from 1818 to 1823; Rei>resentative 
in Congress li'om Ohio from 1823 to 1831 ; Governor 
of Ohio from 1844 to 1846. During the war with 
Mexico the President issued a call ibr troops, and 
Goveriu)r Bartle.v promptly responded, although he 
and his party were opposed to the war; lie also 
superintended their organization in pei-son, and for- 
warded the full quota of ( )hi(), in obedience to what, 
he thought his duty; was the father of Thomas W. 
Bartley; died October 12, 1870. | 

Bartley, Thomas "W.; was bom in Jefferson 
County, Ohio, February 11, 1812; was educated at 
Jetlerson College, Pennsylvani:i; gr;idu;ited in Octo- 
ber, 1829; in 1833 the degree of Master of Arts was 
conferred upon him; studied law iu Washington, 
District of Columbia, and commenced its practice ati 
Mansfield. Ohio, in 1833; served as State Attorney 
fouryears, and .as United States District Attorney, for 
the District of Ohio, four years; served two years ini 
the Iloiuse of Representati\'es, :uid four years in the 
Senate of Ohio; in 1851 was elected Judge of the 
Supreme Court of Ohio, and served in that position 
two terms, three years of the time as Chief Justice 
of the Court; on retiring from the bench engaged in 
the practice of law in Cincinnati, Ohio, for several 
years, but on accoi;nt of the ill-health of his family 
in Cincinnati, removed to Wa.shington, District of 
Columbia, in 1869, where he engaged in the practice 
of his profession. In 1844, when (jovernor Shaiuion 
resigned to become Minister to Mexico, Mr, Bartley, 
as President of the Senate, became the Governor; in 
December of that year was liimself si cce dcd by his 
father, Jlordecai B;irtU-y, who li;ul l.ce.i regularly 
elected. 

Barton, David ; was one of the first emigrants 
to the Territory of .Missouri; President of the Con- 
vention which met to form a St;ite Constitution in 
1>'2I); was a Senator iu Congress from Jlissonri froilf 
l-i21 to I83I, serving as Chairman of the Committee 
on Public Lands; was a uianof ilislingiiished t;il(-nt3. 
Died near Boonville, Mis.souri, September 28, 1837. 

Barton, Richard 'W.; was born in Virginia; 
was a Representative in Congress from tliat State 
from 1841 to 1843; also served in the Stitc Legis- 
lature, and was the first I'resiilent of the Valley 
Agricultural Society. Died iu Frederick County, 
Virginia, March 15, 1859. 

Barton, Samuel ; w:us born in New York; served 
three years in the Assemblj- of that State; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress fiom 1835 to 1837. 



2S 



BIOOKAPJUCAL ANNALS. 



Barton, Seth ; was born in Maryland; in 1845 
r.as appoiutc-d Siilicitor of the Treasury, holding the 
oilice until 1847, when he was appointed Chnrgc 
d' Affaires to Chili, wliere he remained two years, 
and returned to the United States. 

Bashford, Coles; was horn near Cold Spring, 
Putnam County, New York, .January 24, 1S16; was 
educated at the Genesee Wesleyan Seminary; studied 
law, and came to the bar in 1842; in 1847 was 
elected District Attorney for Wayne County; re- 
signed his office in 1850, and remo\ed to Wisconsin; 
in 1852 was chosen to the Senate of that State; was 
re-elected, but resigned in 18.55; in 1856 w.as elected 
governor of Wisccmsin; in 1863 removed to Arizona; 
was Attorney-General of that Territory from 1864 to 
1866; was a member, and also President of the Ter- 
ritorial Council; in 1866 was elected a Delegate from 
Arizona to the Fortieth Congress; apxiointed Secre- 
tary of Arizona in 1869. 

Bass, Lyman K.; was born in Alden, New 
York, Noveml)er 13, 1836; graduated at Union Col- 
lege in 18.56; studied law, and practiced the profes- 
sion at Buffalo; was elected District Attorney for 
Erie County in 1865, for three years: w.is re-elected 
in 1868, and served until 1872; was renominated and 
declined; was elected to the Forty-third and Forty- 
fourth Congresses, .serving on the Committees on 
- Ivailroads and Canals, and Atfairs of the District of 
Columbia. 

Bassett, Bm-well; was born in New Kent 
County, Virginia: was a Representative in Congress 
from that State IVom 1805 to 1813, from 18l5tol8i;», 
and from 1821 to 1831. 

Bassett, E. D.; was born in Connecticut, of 
•colored descent; after receiving some education, re- 
moved to Pennsylvania; from Philadelphia, in that 
State, was appointed, in 1K()<J, Minister Eesident to 
Hayti, residing at Port au Prince. 

Bassett, Richard ; was a member, from Dela- 
ware, of the C'oinention which formed the Constitu- 
tion, and signed that instrument; was a Senator in 
•Congress from 1789 to 1793; a Presidential Elector 
in 1797, and was the first man who cast his vote for 
locating the .seat of Government on the Potomac: 
was Chief Justice of the Federal Supreme Court; 
governor of Delaware from 1798 to 1S(J1; died in 
.September, 1815. 

Bate, ■William B.; was born near Castalian 
Springs, Sumner County, Tennessee, October 7, 1826; 
received a common school education, at Kural 
Ac: pmy, in the neighborhood of his home; while a 
youth became a clerk on a ste;imboat, and continued 
in this capacity until the breaking out of the war 
'with Mexico; enlisted as a i>rivate soldier, and 
served as such tlu'oughout the war; at its close re- 
turned to his native place, and became proprietor and 
•editor of Tlic Tenth Lcffinii, published at Gal- 
latin, Tennessee; was soon after elected a Represent- 
ative in the Tennessee Legislature; on the expira- 
tion of his term of service, entered the Law-School at 
Leiianon, Tennessee, from which, in 1852, he was 
gnulnated, and immediately entered upon the practice 
of l;iw at Gallatin, Tennessee; in 1854 was elected 
Attorney-General of his District, which included the 
Capitol of the State; served six years, and declined 
a renomination; during this time was nominated lor 
Congress, but declined the nomination; was a Piesi- 
<lential Elector in I8(i0; on the opening of the Civil 
W;ir enlisted in tlie Confederate Army; was elected 
Captain of his company, and, on the organization of 



the regiment of which his company formed a part, 
was elected its Colonel; was .severely wounded at the 
battle of Shiloh; on his return to duty was commis- 
sioned a Brigadier-General; was subsequently twice 
wounded ; after the battle of Chickamauga, was i)ro- 
moted to Major-General; for a short time prior to 
the close of the war commanded a (•oips; after the 
close of the war returned to Nashville, Tennessee, 
and resumed the iiractice of his profession; was, for 
ten years, the Tennessee member of the Democratic 
National Executive Committee; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1876; was tw'ice a candidate for United 
States Senator, and, on both occasions, was defeated 
by very narrow m:ijorities; the first contest was 
against Andrew .Johnson, and. upon one roll-call, Mr. 
Bate was elected by (me vote, but, bctbre the vote 
was announced, one vote was changed, and Mr. 
Johnson was elected; in 1.S82 Mr. Bate was elected 
Governor of Tennessee, and in 1884 was re-elected. 

Bateman, Ephraim ; was born in Cumberland, 
New .lersey; was well educated, and adopted the pro- 
fession of medicine; was a Representative in Congress 
ivom 1815 to 1823, serving on the Committee on the 
Post Ullice and Accounts; a Senator in Congress from 
1826 to 1829, and was a member of the Committees on 
Agriculture and Enrolled Bills; was elected to the 
Senate by his own vote in joint meeting of the Legis- 
lature, and a Committee of the Senate reported that 
his election was entirely legal. Died January 21, 
1.829. 

Blates, Ed-ward ; was born September 4, 1793, at 
Bemout, (ioochhind County, Virginia. His educa- 
tion was comuu^nced by his father, and succeeded by 
several years of academic instruction, mo.stly at Char- 
lotte Hall, iMarylaud, and finished by an accomplished 
private tutor; in e;uly youth he declined a midsliip- 
man's warrant, and served, in 1813, at Norfolk, in 
the Virginia Militia, from February to October; in 
1814 remo\'ed to St. Louis; there studied law, and 
began to practice in 1816. In 1818 was appointed 
Prosecuting Attorney for that circuit; in 1820 was a 
Delegate to the State Constitutional Convention, and 
was the same year appointed Attorney-General of the 
new State of Missouri; resigned that office in 1822, 
and was elected to the lower branch of the State 
Legislature; in 1824 was appointed, by President 
Monroe, United States Attorney for the Jlissouri Dis- 
trict; in 1826 resigned, and was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress irom Missouri, serving from 1827 to 
1829; in 1830 was elected to the State Senate; in 
1834 was again elected to the lower House of the 
Legislature; in 1835, fjeing enfeebled by sedentary 
labor, moved to the country, and practiced law for 
seven years, traveling much on horseback around the 
prairies; in 1842 returned to St. Louis; in 1850 was 
a])]iointed, by I'resident Fillmore, Secretary of War, 
liut declined theolKce; in 18.53 was elected Judge of 
the St. Louis Land Coiu't, which office he resigned in 
1856. During that year he presided at the Whig Con- 
vention of Baltimore; in 1858 received from Harvard 
University the degree of LL.D; in 1861 was ap- 
pointed Attorney-General in President Lincoln's Cab- 
inet. Died in St. Louis, JIarch 25, 1869. 

Bates, Frederick ; was appointed, by President 
Jefferson, in 1805. the first United St.ates Judge for 
the Territory of iMichigan; having subsequently be- 
come a citizen of Missouri, was elected Governor of 
that State, serving from 1824 to 1826. 

Bates, Isaac C; was born at Granville, Massa- 
chu.setts, in 1781); graduated at Yale College in 1802; 
studied law and att;uned a Iiigh position as an advo- 
cate; was frequently in the State Legislature and a 
member of the Executive Council; waa a Kepresenta- 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



29 



ti\e in f'ougiess I'roiii ls:>7 to lt>J3; was a Senator in 
Congress from 1841 to 1845, and was Chairman of the 
Committee on Pensions. In 18;!7 and ls41 wivs a 
Presidential Elector. Died in Wasliington City, 
March 16, 1845. 

Bates, James; was bred a physician; was, for 
some years, connected with the Insane Hospital at 
Augusta; was a lSepresentati\e in Congress from Som- 
erset County, Jtaine, from ls:jl to 1833, and a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Expenditures in the Post 
Office Department. 

Bates, James W.; was born in Goochl.and County, 
Virginia, and was a Delegate to Congress from the 
Territorj' of Arkansas from 18:30 to 18"J3. 

Bates, J. Woodson ; was an early emigrant to 
the southwest, and while residing at the Post of Ar- 
kansas w-as appointed a United States Judge for that 
Territory-. 

Bates, Martin "W.; was born in Salisbury, Litch- 
field County, Connecticut, February 24, lT8T;recei\ed 
a good English education; became a lawyer by pro- 
fession, having fii-st studied medicine; removed to 
Delaware, and wa.s several times elected to the Legis- 
latm-e of tliat State; in 1850 was a member of the 
Constitutional Convention of the State of Delaware; 
took his seat in the Thirty-tilth Congress, as a Sena- 
tor from Delaware, serving from 1857 to 1850 on the 
Committees on Pensions and Revoldtionary Pensions. 

Bauvais, A. ; was Acting Grovernor of Louisiana 
in 1830. 

Baxter, Elisha; was the Governor of Arkansas 
during a part of the years 1874 and 1875. 

Baxter, Henry; was a citizen of Michigan; in 
IStm was appointed Minister Kesident to Honduras, 
where he remained until 18(i0, when he returned to 
the United States. 

Baxter, John ; was born in Rutherford County , 

North Carolina, March 5, 1819; was educated at the 
county seat of his native county; was licen.sed to 
practice law in 1841; in 1842 was elected a Kepre- 
sentative in the State Legislature; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1844 and 1848; Wirs again in the Legisla- 
ture in 1846, and from 1852 to 1857, serving as Speaker 
of the House in 1852; in 1857 removed to Knoxville, 
Tennessee; in 1870 was a member of the State Con- 
stitutional Convention; in 1877 was appointed, by 
President Hayes, United States Circuit Judge for the 
Sixth Judicial Circuit. Died at Hot Springs, -Vrkan- 
sas, Ai)ril 2, 1886. 

Baxter, Portus; was born in Brownington, Or- 
lean.s County, Vermont: recei\ed a liberal education; 
adopted the occupation of nu'rchant; in 18.52 and 18.56 
was a Presidential Elector; wa.s elected a Representa- 
tive from Vermont to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Elccticms; re-elected to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, and served on the same 
Committee, and also on that of E.xpcnditures in tlu; 
Ka'i'y Department ; re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Elections ;iud 
Agriculture; was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 1866. Died in Wash- 
ington, March 4, 1868. 

Bay, ■William V. N.; was born in New York; 
having become a citizen of Jlissouri, was elected a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1849 
to 1851. 



Bayard, James A.; was born in Pennsylvania 
in 1767; graduated at Princeton College in 1784; after 
.studying law at I'hiladelphia, commenced the prac- 
tice in Delaware; in 1796 was elected a Re|)reseuta- 
tive in Congress from Delaware, serving from 1797 to 
b-<01, when he was apiioinled Minister to France; in 
1804 was elected to the United States Senate, of 
which liody lie continued a member until appointed, 
by President Madison, in 181 3, a Commissioner to nego- 
tiate a peace witli Great Britain. The absence of the 
Emperor from St. Petersburg preventing the transac- 
tion of any business, he proceeded to Holland ; lent 
his able assistance in the negotiation of the treaty of 
peace at Ghent; at Paris was apprised of his appoint- 
ment as En\oy to the Court of St. Petei'sburg; this 
he declined; tendered, however, his co-operation ia 
forming a conunercial treaty with Great Britain, but 
an alarming illness compelled him to return to tha 
United States; arrived in June, and died Augu.st6, 
1815. He was the son-in-law of Richard Ba.ssett. 

Bayard, James A.; was born in Wilmington, 
Delaware, N^ovember 15, 1799; was a Senator in Om- 
gress from Delaware from 1851 to 1864, and Chairman 
of the Committee on the Judiciary, and a member of 
the Committees on the Library an<l on I'ublic 
Grounds. In 1863 was re-elected for his third term, 
but resigned in January, 1864; was the son of the 
Senator bearing the .same name, and a brotlier of 
Richard H. Bayard. In April, 1867, was appointed 
to a seat in the Senate in the place of George R. Rid- 
dle, deceased, and was elected to fill the vacancy; 
was a Delegate to the New York Convention of 1868. 

v' Bayard, John ; was a Delegate from Pennsyl- 
vania to the Continental Congress from 1785 to 1787. 

Bayard, Richard H.; was born in AVilmington, 
Delaware, in 179(>; graduated at Princeton College 
in 1814: was bred to the law; was a Senator in Con- 
gress from Delaware from 1836 to 18:!9, and agaia 
from 1841 to 1845; was appointed C/iitrr/r d'AJIkires 
to Belgium in 1850. Died in Philadelphia, March 4, 
1868. 

Bayard, Thomas P.; was bom at Wilmington,. 
Delaware. Octolier 29, 1828: w-as chiefly educated at 
the Flushing School, established by the Rev. Dr. F. 
L. Hawks; his early training was for a mercantile 
life; studied and adopted the profession of the law; 
came to the bar in 1851, and, excepting the years 
18.55 and 1856, when he resided in Philadelphia, 
always jiracticed in his native city. In 1853 w;is 
appointed United States District Attorney for Dela- 
ware, but resigned in 1854; was elected a Senator in 
Congress from that State for the terming commenc- 
ing in 1869, and ending in 1875, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Finance, Private Land Claims, and Revi- 
sion of Laws. On tlie same day of his election, his 
father, James A. Bayard, was also re-elected to the 
Senate from the same State — the only instance of the 
kind which ever occurred; was re-elected in 1875, 
and again in 1881 ; on March 6, 1885, was aiipointed 
.Secretary of Stale in the Caliiiu't of President Cleve- 
land, and resigned liis seat in the Senate. 

v' Bayard, William; was a Delegate from Ninv 
York to the Colonial Congress, held in New York 
City in 1765. 

Bayley, Thomas; was born in Somerset County, 
Maryland; graduated at Princeton College in 1794;. 
was a Ix'eprcsentative in Congress from that State 
from 1817 to 1823. 



30 



BIOGKAPHICAL AXXALS. 



Bayley, Thomas M.; was born in Virginia in 
1775; entered public life in 1798, and continued 
•tberein until 1830; served in both branches of the 
State Legislature; was a Representative in Congress, 
from Virginia, from 1813 to 1815; was a member of 
the State Constitutional Convention of 1830. It was 
said of him that he never lost an election. Died in 
Accomac County in 1834. 

Baylies, Francis ; was bom in Bristol County, 
lMass;iehusetts, October 16, 1783; was Register of 
Probate in Bristol County, Massachusetts, from 1812 
to 1820; was a Representative in Congress from Massa- 
•chusetts from 1821 to 1827; was a member of the 
■State Legislature ti-om 1827 to 1832, and also in 1835; 
in 1832 was appointed Char/je d'Afaires to Buenos 
Ayres. He was the author of "A History of the 
Plymouth Colony." Died October 28, 1852. 

Baylies, "Williain ; gi-aduated at Harvard Col- 
lege in 1760: was a member of tlie Proviacial Con- 
jfress in 1775; often a member of the Slassachusetts 
State Council: served many years in the State Legis- 
lature; was a Presidential Elector in 1801; and a 
Pepresentative in Congress liom Massachusetts from 
1805 to 1809, when his seat was successfully contested 
l>y Charles Turner. Died at Dighton, Massachusetts, 
June 17, 1826, aged eighty-two years. 

Baylies, 'Williani ; was born in Dighton Ma.ssa- 
■chusetts, September 15, 1776: graduated at Brown 
Uni\ersity in 1795; studied law, and came to the bar 
in 1799; held a number of local otiices; was a Rep- 
Iresentative in Congress from Ma.ssachusetts from 
1813 to 1817, and again from 1833 to 1835, serving on 
important Committees; served in the State Legisla- 
ture in 1830 and 1831; died in Taunton, Massachu- 
setts, September 27, 1865. His father, bearing the 
same name, was also in Congress. 

Baylor, R. E. B.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Alabama, from 1829 to 1831. 

Bayly, Thomas Henry ; was born in Accomac 
County, Virginia, in 1810; graduated at the Univer- 
sity of Virginia. :md came to the bar in 1830. At the 
age of twent,-\ -;ix was chosen a member of the Gen- 
•eral Assembly of Virginia : and was re-elected five 
Tears in succession. While a member of the Legis- 
lature was elected by that body a Brigadier-General 
of the Militia of Eastern Virginia; resigned his seat, 
and was elected Judge of the Circuit Superior Court 
■of Law. In 1844 resigned his .seat on the bench, and 
was elected to the National House of Representatives, 
from the Accomac District, and continued, by suc- 
•cessive elections, a member of the House for twelve 
jears, until the time of his death; during the Tliirty- 
lirst Congress officiating as Chairman of the Commit- 
tee of Ways and Jleans. He lived and died on the 
.same spot where his ancestors from England kmded 
in 1666, and where they established tlie family home; 
commanded the same brigade whii-li his grandfather 
had commanded, and held the same seat in the Gen- 
eral Assembly of his State, and in the House of Rep- 
resentatives, which his father had occupied before 
Trim; died June 22, 1856, aged tbrty-five years. 

Bayne, Thomas M.; was born at Allegheny 
City, Pennsylvania, June 14, 1836; was educated at 
the public schools and at Westminster College; served 
in tlie Union Army as Colonel, during the war of Re- 
bellion; studied law; was admitted to practice in 
18(i(i; was District Attorney for Alleglien,v County from 
1870 to 1874; was au unsuccessful candidate for a 
seat in the Fortv-fourth Congress; was elected a 
Representative from Peims.vlvania to the Forty-fifth, 
Forty -sixth. Forty-seventh and Fort.y-eight Congreses; 
and was re-elected to the Fortv-ninth Congress. 



Beach, Lewis ; was born in the City of New 
York, March 30, 1835; graduated at the Yale Law 
School in 1856; was admitted to the bar and com- 
menced practice in New Y'ork City the same year; 
in 1861 removed to Orange County, New Y'ork, and 
engaged in farming and the practice of law; was also 
a contributor to the press; was Supervisor of the 
town of Cornwall in 1869; was a member, and Treas- 
urer, of the Democratic State Central Committee 
from 1877 to 1879; was elected a Representative from 
New Y'ork to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth 
Congresses, and was re-elected to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. Died, at his home in Cornwall, New 
York, August 11, 1886. 

Bsale, Charles L.; was born in Canaan, Colum- 
bia Count V. New York, JIarch 5. 1824; was prepared 
for college by a private tutor, and graduated at Union 
Colleue in 1844; studied law at Kinderhook, and was 
admitted to the b;ir in 1849; was for several years a 
member of the Repirblican State Central Committee 
of New York; in 1858 was elected a Representative 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress from New Y'ork, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Public Buildings 
and Grounds; in 1864 was a Presidential Elector; 
was a Delegate to the Philadelphia " National Union 
Convention " of 1836, and also to the " State Repub- 
lican Convention" of 1867. 

Bsale, Edward F.; was a resident of the Dis- 
trict of Columbia; in 1875 was appointed United 
States Minister to Austria. 

Beale, James M. H.; was born in Vij:ginia;_was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1833 to 1837, and from 1849 to 1853. 

Beale, R. L. T.; was born at Hickory Hill, West- 
moreland Count v, Virginia, Slay 22, 1819; his educa^ 
tion was chiefly" obtained at Northumberland Acad- 
emy; spent a short time at Dickinson College, Penn- 
sylvania: in 1836 commenced the study of law; in 
1838 graduated in law at the University of Virginia; 
was licensed to practice in 1839; in 1846 was 
elected a Representative from Virginia to the Thir- 
tieth Congress, and was a member of the Committee 
on the Militia; declined a re-election at the expira- 
tion of his term; in 1850 was a member of the Reform 
Convention of Virginia: in 1857 was elected to the 
State Senate; was again elected a Representative to 
the Forty-sixth Congress; upon the death of B. B. 
Douglas," in December, 1878, was elected to fill the 
vacancy in the Forty-fi^fth Congress caused thereby. . 

Beall, Rezin; v\'as an officer in Wayne's army, 
with Harrison and Van Rensselaer; occupied various 
public stations in Ohio, and was a member of Con- 
gress from that State from 1813 to 1814, when he re- 
signed. Died at Wooster, Ohio, February 20, 1843, 
aged seventy-three years. ; 

Beaman, Fernando C; was born in Chester, 
Windsor County, Vermont, June 28, 1814; removed, 
v\ ith his father", to New York when a boy; was left 
an orphan at the age of fifteen; received a good Eng- 
lish education at''the Franklin County Academy: 
studied law in Rochester; removed to Michigan in 
1838, and commenced the practice of his profession; 
was for six years Prosecuting Attorney for Lenawee 
County: wa.s Judge of Probate for four years; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1456; in 1860 was elected a 
Representative from Michigan to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Roads and. 
Canals; re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congre.ss, and , 
served on the same Committee, and also on that on 
Territories; Ve-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Territories, the Death 



kiographicaL annals. 



31 



of I'resident Lincoln, and Frauds on the Revenue, 
and as Chairman ol' that on Roads and Canals; was 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Conven- 
tion " of 1866; re-elected to the Fortieth and Forty- 
first Congresses, serving on the Committees on Recon- 
struction and Appropriations. 

Bsaei, Banning, M.; wa.s born in New Hamp- 
siiiie in 1~!^'2\ occupied a seat in the State Legislature 
lor live years, and was I'resideut of the Senate in 
1832; was a State Councilor in 1829; a Represent- 
ative in Congress from In:!:! to 1837, .serving as a 
lucrahcr of the Committee on Agriculture. Died at 
;\Iiiultonborough, New Hampshire, February 9, 1866. 

Bsan, Curtis C; was born at Farnworth, New 
Hampshire. .January 4, 1S28; w;is educatedat Phillips 
Academy, E.xeter, New Hampshire: settled in Tennes- 
see and studied law there; was aflmitted to the bar 
in 1865 and, in the same year, was appointed, 
by Governor Brownlow, Attorney-General for the 
Eleventh Judicial Circuit of Tennessee; was a Rep- 
resentative in the State Legisl.ature in 1866 and ] 867 ; 
in 1868, removed to Arizona Territory and settled at 
Prescott; was a member of the Upper House in the 
Territorial Assembly in 1879; in 1884, was nominated 
by acclamation and was elected Delegate fiom Arizona 
to the Forty-ninth Congi'ess. 

Beardsley Charles ; was born in Knox County, 
Ohio, February 18, 1830; wa.s reared on a farm; re- 
ceived a common-school and academic education, and 
attended the Ohio Wesleyan University one year; 
taught school; studied medicine: graduated at the 
Eclectic Medical College, at Cincinnati, Ohio, in 
18.5.5, and settled in Iowa; practiced medicine at 
Oskaloosa, Iowa; until 1861 ; was editor of the 
Herald, at that place, from 18.58 to 1865; and of the 
BurUiK/lon Hawkeye, from 1805 to 1874; was a member 
of the State Senate in 1870, 1872, and 1873; in 1879 
was appointed, by President Hayes, Fourth Auditor 
of the Treasui-y, at Washington. 

Beardsley, Samuel ; was born in Otsego County, 
New York; studied and a<lopted the profession of 
law; settled at Rom ■, Oneida County, and was Dis- 
trict Attorney of the same; held the post of Attorney- 
<icneral of the State; w.is a Representative in 
Congress liom Oneida County, New York, to the 
Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and a part of the 
Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-eighth Congresses, and 
was Chairman of the Committee on the Judiciary; 
also held the office of State Senator in 1823, and those 
of A.ssistant Justice and Chief Justice of the Supreme 
Court of the State, and the Federal appointment of 
United States D.strict Attorney for New York; died 
at I'tica, New York, May 6, 1860. 

Beatty, John; graduated at Princeton College 
in 1769; studied medicine; was a Delegate to the 
'Jontinental Congress from 1783 to 1785; a Represent- 
ative in Congress from New Jci^sey from 1793 to 1795; 
died at Trenton, April 30, 1826, aged seventy-seven 
years. 

Beatty, John ; was born in Sandusky City, Ohio, 
in 1823; received a good English education; engaged 
in the banking business at Cardington; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in I860. At the beginning of the 
Rebellion entered the Third Oliio Inlantry as a 
private, but was at once electe.l Cajitain, soon pro- 
moted to the rank ol Lieutenant-Colonel, and as such 
participated iu several of the battles in West Vir- 
ginia; as Colonel took a conspicuous part in the 
<ainpaigns of Kentucky, Tennessee, and Alabama; 
headed his regiment at the battle of Perrysville; 
commanded a brigatlt at JIurfreesboro", where he 



had two horses killed under him; as a Urigadier-' 
General commenced the fighting at Chickamauga; ini 
1864, for j)rivate rciusons, retired from the army; in^ 
January, 1868, was elected a Representative from; 
Oliio to the Fortieth Congress, for the unexpired' 
term of C. S. Hamilton, unfortunately killed by his 
insane son; was a member of the Committee on 
Invalid Pensions; re-elected to the Forty-first Con- 
gress, serving on other important Committees. 

Beatty, Martin ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Kentucky from 1833 to 1835. 

Beatty, William; was born in Ireland; was a 
Representative in Congress from Penn.sylvania from 
1837 to 1811. 

Beaumont, Andre-w; was born in Pennsylva-' 
nia; w:us a Representative in Congress from that .State 
from 1833 to 1837; appointed, in 1846, Commissioner 
of Public Buihlings for the District of Columbia, and 
held the position until 1847. Died at ^Vilkesbarre, 
Pennsylvania, October 30, 1853. 

Bebb, "William; was born in P-utler County, 
Ohio, in 1802; received a good educati(m; was Gov- 
ernor of Ohio from 1846 to 1848. Died at Rockford, 
Illinois, October 24, 1873. 

Beck, Erasmus "W.; w.as born in McDonough, 
Georgia, October 21, 1833; educated at Mercer Uni- 
versity, in that State; was admitted to the bar in 
Georgia in 1856; practiced his profession there; was 
elected to the Forty-second Congress iu the place of 
Thomas J. Speer, deceased, being ths first public 
office for which he was ever a candidate. 

Beck, James B.; was born in Dumfriesshire, 
Scotland, February 13, 1822; received a classical ed- 
ucation; emigrated to this country when sixteen 
years of age; graduated at Transylvania University, 
Kentucky, in 1846; subsequently devoted his whole 
attention to the practice of law; in ]8(!7 was elected 
a Representative from Kentucky to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Reconstruction; 
re-elected to the three succeeding Congresses, serv- 
ing on various important Committees, iucluding that 
on Appropriations; declined a further re-nomination; 
was elected a United States Senator from Kentucky 
for the term of six years, from March 4, 1877; was 
re-elected for a second term of six ye I's. 

Beckley, John ; was born in Virginia, and had 
the honor of holding as firet incumbent two offices 
under the Government, viz. : that of Clerk of the 
House of Representatives from 1789 to 1797, and also 
from l-iol to 1807, and that of Librarian of Congress 
from 1802 to 1807. 

Bedford, Gunning ; was born in Phihidelphia; 
was a Ijieutenant in the French War in 17.55; Major 
in 1775; Lieutenant-Colonel in Hasler's Regiment in 
1776: was wounded at White Plains; sub-seijueutly 
a])]iointed Muster-Master-Geueral iu 1776; was a Del- 
egat<^ to the Continental Congress from 1783 to 1785; 
Governor of Delaware in 1796 and 1797. Died at New 
Castle, Delaware, September 30, 1797. 

Bedford, Gunning, Jr.; was born in Philadel- 
phia in 1747; graduated at New Jersey College in 
1771; practiced law at Dover, and at Wilmington, 
Delaware; was a member of the Legislature; Attor- 
ney-General of the State; a Delegate to the Continen- 
tal Congress in 1785 and 1786; a member of the Con- 
vention which formed the Federal Constitution; was 
a Piesidcntial Elector rn 1789 and 1793; was United 
.States District Judf»e from 1789 until his death, 
«hich occurred in Wilmington, Delawiue, March 30, 
1812. <C'ousin of Gunning Bedtbrd. 



32 



B I O G R A P H ] C A L A X X A L S . 



Bedinger, George M.; was born in Virginia; 
wius one of the earliest emijpants to Kentucky ; .served 
as Adjutant in tlie expedition against Chilicotlie in 
1779; as Major at the battle of Blue Licks in 1783; 
did good service througliout the war as an Indian 
spy; led a battalion from Winchester, Virginia, under 
St. Clair, in his expedition in 17(11; was Major 
: of United States Infantrj- from April, 1792, to Febru- 
ary. 1793; was a member of the Kentucky Legislature 
in 1792; a Eepresentative in Congress li'om that State 
from 1803 to 1807; spent the close of his life in re- 
tirement, and dieii at Lower Blue Licks, Kentucky, 
in 1830. 

■ Bedinger, Henry ; was liorn in Virginia ; re- 
ceived a classical education; adopted the profession of 
the law; was a Representative in Congi'ess from Vir- 
ginia from 184.3 to 1849, where he was distinguished 
for his eloquence as a debater. In 1853 was ap- 
pointed C/iarr/e d'A/lhires to Denmark, afterwards 
Minister Resident; returned home in the autumn of 
1858. Died of pneumonia at Sliepherdstown. Vir- 
ginia. November 26, 1858. During his residence in 
Denmark he was successful in bringing about the 
treat_\- abolishing the Sound Dues. 

Bedle, Joseph Dorset; was born in Mattawan, 
Monmouth County, New Jersey, January 2, 1831; 
graduated at the Eallston Law School, New York: 
came to the bar, and practiced his profession at Mal- 
ta wan: removed to Freehold in 1855; in 1865 was ap- 
pointed a Judge of the Supreme Court of New Jer- 
. ;Sey, and was re-appointed in 1872; in 1874 was elected 
Governor of New Jersey, and served three years. 

Bee, Thomas ; was a Revolutionary jiatriot of 
South Carolina: member of the Assembly: S|ieaker 
of the House of Representatives; member of the I'rivy 
Council; Judge of the State Courts; member of the 
' Council of Safecj-; Lieutenant-Governor; Delegate to 
the Continental Congress from 17S0 to 1782, and 
finally District Judge: published .''Rejjorts of the 
District Courts of South Carolina"' in 1610. 

• Beebe, George M.; was born in New Vernon, 
Orange County. New York, CJctober 28, 1836; at- 
tended Wallkill Academy; graduated at the Albany 
Law University in 1857; practiced law for ten years: 
in 1859 went to Kansas; was elected to the Territo- 
rial Council, appointed Secretary of the Territory, 
and was Acting Governor; in 1863 went to Nevada; 
two >ears afterward was appointed Collector of In- 
ternal lievenue, which he declined; returned to Sul- 
livan County, New York, where he became editor of 

_ Tin' lirpuhlicun Watchniiin at Monticello; in 1872 and 
1873 was President of the Democratic State Conven- 
tions at Syracuse and Utica; was elected to the Legis- 
lature of New York in 1873 and 1874; was elected a 
Eepresentative from New York to tlie Forty-fourth 
Congress; in Deecml)er, 1875. was appointed Chair- 
man of the Committee on Navy Department; re- 
elected to the Forty-iifth Congress. 

Beecher, Philemon ; was born in New Haven, 
Connecticut; was au alile lawyer, and one of the early 
settlers of Ohio, to which State he emigrated froiii 
Connecticut; was a Re])resentative in Congress from 
Ohio from 1817 to 1821, serving as a member of the 
Committee on the Judiciary, and again li-om ls2:i 
to 1829. Died at Lancaster, Ohio, November 30, 1839, 
aged sixty-four years. 

Beekman, Thomas; was a Eepresentative in 
Congress from New York, from 1829 to 1831. 

. Begole, Josiah "W.; was born in Groveland, New 
York, January 20, 1815; received a public-school edu- 



cation; removed to Genesee County, Michigan, in 
1836; taught school during the winters; became a 
farmer in 1839, and followed that occupation until 
1856; was elected County Ti'easurer from 1856 to 
1864; commenced the lumbering business in 1863 
was elected to the State Senate in 1871 ; was an Al- 
derman for the city of Flint lor three years; a Dele- 
gate to the National Reiiublican Convention at Phila- 
delphia in 1872: was elected a Eepresentative from 
Jliehigan to the Forty-third Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Public Expenditures ; in 1882 was 
elected Governor of Michigan for the term of two 
.years from January, 1883. 

Beers, Cyrus; in 18:!8 was elected a Representa- 
tive from New York to the Twenty-tilth Congi-ess. lor 
the unexpired term of Andrew D. W. Bruyn, decea.sed. 

Beeson, Henry "W.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Eepresentative in Congress from that State fiom 
1841 to 1843. 

Belcher, Hiram ; was born in Augusta, Maine; 
educated :it Hallowcll Academy; studied law, and 
vras admitted to the bar in 1812; was, for foiu' or live 
years, a member of the JIaine Legishiture; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State trom 1847 
to 1848. Died May 7, 1857, aged sixty-seven years. 

Belcher, Nathan ; was born in Griswold. Con- 
necticut, June 23. 1813: graduated at Amherst Col- 
lege in 1^32; studied law with Sanuu4 Ingham, of 
Essex, and at the Cambridge Law .School; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in ls:!6. and practiced at Clinton, 
Connecticut, until 1S41. when he i-emoved to New 
London, relinquished the practice of law, and en- 
gaged in manufacturing; was a member of the House 
of Eepreseutatives of Connecticut in 1846 and 1847, 
and of the State Senate in 1850; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1852; was a Eepresentative in Congi-ess 
from 1853 to 1855. 

Belden, George O.; was a Eepresentative in 
Congi-ess from New York from 1827 to 1829. 

Belford, James B.; was bom at Lewiston, Penn- ' 
sylvauia, ."September 2.6, 1837; was educated at Dick- 
inson College; studied and practiced law; was ap- 
pointed a Judge of the Supreme Court of Colorado in 
1870, and served five years; was elected a Eepresent- 
ative from Colorado to the Forty-fourth Congress; 
was re-elected to the Forty -fifth, Forty -sixth. Forty- 
seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Belknap, 'William "W. ; was the son of W. G. 
Belknap of the United States Army, and was born 
in Hudson City, New York, in 1831; graduated at 
Princeton College in 1848; adopted the profession of 
the law, and settled at Keokuk, Iowa; was elected to 
the Iowa Legislature in 1849; at the beginning of the 
Eebellion, in 1861, entered the Military service as 
JIajor of Volunteers; was present at the battles of 
Shiloh and Vicksbm-g; was with General Sherman in 
his great campaign, and was so rapidly promoted as 
to have command of a di\ ision of the army as ilajor- 
General; after the war was appointed a Collector of 
Internal Eevenue, which position he held until he 
entered President Grant's cabinet, October 13, 1869, 
as Secretary of War; resigned in March, 1876. 

Bell, Alonzo ; was a resident of New York; in 
November, 1675, was ajqidinted Chief Clerk of the 
Department of the Interior, at Washington; in 
April, 1877, was appointed Assistant Secretary of 
that Department, and remained in that position until 
July, 1682, when he resigned. 




Executive Mansion, i north front.) 

WASHINGTON. 




Executive Mansion, (south front.) 
washington. 



1'. I (x; i; A r ii lev L axn al.s. 



Bell, Charles H.; was bmii at Chester, New 
Ifampshire, November is, lsv!:i; reeeived acollefiiate 
eilueation, graduatiii;; at Dartiuouth College in 1MH; 
studied anil praetiee 1 law; wasSolieitor for Rocking- 
ham County from 1^5.') to IHlio; wasa Kepre.seutative 
^ in the Legislature Jn l.SoS, 1859, and l«tj0; the lust 
year as SjieaUer; was a State Senator in 186:} and 
1W4, President of the Senate the last year; was again 
a member of the State House of Representative in 
l-<72 and lS7:i; was appointed atJnited States Sena- 
tor to sueeeed Kainbridge \Va<lleigh and took his 
seat April 10, 18TU, serving until .lune 2(1, 187!); in 
Isso wiis elected (Governor of New Hampshire for the 
term of two years from June, 1881. 

Bell, Hiram ; was born in Vermont; was a Rep- 
resentative ia Congress from Ohio from is'y2 to 18.'):5. 

Bell, Hiram P.; wsis born in Jackson County, 
(ieorgia, January 19, 1827; received an academic edu- 
cation; studied law, and engaged in practice; in 18olJ 
wa-ia caudi<late for Congress; a caniliilate tin- Elector 
in 18()0; in l8lit) was elected to the Convention of 
tieorgia which adopted tlu; Onlinance of Secession, 
which he opposed; was elected a member of the State 
Senate of Georgia in IHlil ; elected Lieutenant-Colonel 
of the Forty-third Regiment tieorgia Volunteers, and 
having been severely wounded in the battle of Cliick- 
asaw iiayou, Decemlier ;l'J, 18(i2, resigned; in Octo- 
ber, 1863, w.is elected to tlie Confederate Congress; 
in 1 8()8 was a member of the Electoral College; was 
elected to the Forty-third (Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Weights and Measures; elected to the 
Forty-tifth Congress to till the vacancy caused by the 

\ resignation of B. H. Hill. 

iX 

,. ^ Bell, Isaac, Jr.; iviis born in New York City, 

I N(^w York, Novemlfcr l(i, 181(i; w;i« educated at 
private schools, and at Harvard College, Cambridge, 
ihussachusetts, where he remained two years; after 
leaving Harvard went abroai.1 to complete his educa- 
tion and to travel; from l'-<7tl to 1878 w;is engaged in 
mercantile business and in banking in New York 
City; in the latter year retired from business and 
went abroad; returned to the United States in 188(1 
ami settled at Newport, Rhode Island; in 1884 was a 
candidate, on the Democratic ticket, lor Presidential 
Elector, but was deleated; in .January, 18s.j, received 
the vote of his party in the State Legislature, for 
I'nited States Senator, but was notelecteil; in .March, 
1 ss"), was appointed, by President Cleveland, United 
states Minister at The Hague, Netherlands. 

Bell, James; was born November 13, 1804, in 
Francistown, HilKsborough County, Nt^w Hampshire: 
graduated at Bowdoin College in 1822; .studied law, 
and completed his course at Litehtield; was admitted 
to the bar in 182.5, and commenced to practice at Cil- 
manton; removed to Exeter, and thenee to Uiltiird: 
tor many years held a distinguished rank in his pro- 
fession; in 184() was elected to the Legislature. ;inil 
was a member of the Constitutional Convention of the 
State in 18.30; was elcctcMl United Staf<« Senator in 
.lune, 185o, for six years. Died in Laconia, Ni-w 
Hampshire, May 26, 1K>57, wdiither he had gone from 
Washington to recruit his health. 

Bell, James M.; w;is born in Oliio, and wa.s a 
' l;ci)reseutati\e in Congress from that State from 183;> 
to 1«35. 

Bell, John ; was born in Tiondonderry, New Ilanii)- 

shirc. in 17tj(j; was for many yc-iirs a mcr<'hant in 
( 'hester. New Hampshire: Councilor ot' the .State, and 
Slieritf of Rockingham County from Is-Jltlo Is2S; wa.-, 
I Governor of New Hami)shire from 1«2U to 1830. Died 
111 Chester, March 22, 1836. 



Bell, John; was born near Nashville, Tennessee, 
February 1.5. 1797; commenced his studies at Cum- 
berland College, now the Nashville University, and 
graduated in lsl4; studied law and was admiited to 
the bar in 1816; in 1817 was elected to the State .Sen- 
ate; declined a re-election, and devoted the next ten 
years of his life wholly to his profession; in 1m27 was 
elected a Representative in Congress, and continued 
to be re-elected until iwll, otlieiating during one 
term as Speaker; in 1841 a cepted a seal in President 
Harrison's cabinet as .Secretary of War, which ji.isfc 
he resigned in five months after the acces.iioii of Pres- 
ident Tyler; in 1847 aecejjted a seat in the House of 
Representatives of Tennessee, but before the close of 
the year was elected to the United States Senate, and 
w:us re-elected in 18.52, serving, from time to time, as 
Chairman of important Committees until the do.se of 
the Tliirty-Hfth Congress; in May, ^'^()0, received 
from the Union party the nomination for President of 
the Uniteil States, but was defeated. Died at Nash- 
ville, September 10, 1869. 

Bell, John; was a Representative in Congress 
from Ohio from 1850 to 1851. 

Bell, Joshua F.; was born in Kentucky; w:ia 

elected a K" -jiresentative in Congress from that State 
from 1845 to 1847, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Invalid Pensions, and declined a re-elec- 
tion; wiis a lawyer, and distinguished in the West as 
an orator; was a member of the "•Peace Convention" 
of 18()1. Died in Kentucky, August 17, 1870. 

Bell, M. E.; was born at Birmingham, Chester 
Couutj-, Pennsylvania, October 20, 1847; was edu- 
cated at West Town Boarding School for Friends, in 
Chester County; after four years of hard study and 
rigid discipline in that institution, he left, surrepti- 
tiously and went to Bloomington, Illinois, where he 
entered the shops of the Chicago ami Alton Railroad 
Compan,v as a pattern-maker's apjireutice; the pay 
being too low, he left the shops and eug.ig(rd as a 
carpenter; tlien accepted an oiler of a clerkslup in tiie 
store of an uncle in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 
where he remained two years; while there perfeeteil 
the Philadelphia Lawn Mower; left because of ill- 
health, and resumed the occupation of a carjienter, 
at Bloomington, Illinois; conceived the idea of becom- 
ing an architect, and studied lor the profession ; 
apprenticed liimself to an able French architect — ■ 
A. H. Pi<juenard — of St. Louis, Missouri, and was 
engaged, with him, in the construc-tion of the eapitol 
buildings at .Siiringlield, Illinois, and Des Moines, 
Iowa, from 1870 to 1876; in the latter year his em- 
ployer died and Mr. B(41 took charge of the work 
Minisi4f; while engaged upon the Iowa Capitol, he 
was tendered, and accepted, the position of Supervis- 
ing Architect of the United .States Treasury; w;is 
ap|)ointcd to that olliee November 10, 1884. 

Bell, Peter H.; was born in Virginia; was Gov- 
ernor of Texas tfom 1849 to 1853; w;is a Represen- 
t;itive in Congress from Texas from 18.53 to 1857; 
subseiiuently Judge of the Supreme Court of that 
Slate. 

Bell, Samuel ; was born in Londonderry, New 
Hamiishire, February 9, 1770; worked on his father's 
farm until eighteen years of age, when he prepared 
himself (iir College; graduated at Dartmouth in 
1793; stiulied law, and was admitted to practice in 
1796; was a member of the Legislature from 1.-<0I to 
1808, occupying the position of Speaker; in 1S07 and 
1808 \v;us a member of the Senate; in l.-^OO member 
ot the Executive Council; from 1816 to 1819 was 
.Judge of the Superior Court of tlie State; in 181U 



34 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANXALS. 



■was cliosen Governor, serving until 1823; from 1823 
to 1835 was United States Senator; received the 
degi-ee of LL.D. at Bowdoin College in 1821. Died m 
Chester, New Hampshire, December 23, 1850. 

Bell, Samuel N.; was born in Chester, New 
Hampshire, March 25, 1829; graduated at Dart- 
mouth College in 1847; studied law, and practiced at 
Manchester; was elected to the Forty-.second Con- 
gre.ss, serving on the Committee on Private Land 
Claims; was subsequently appointed Chief Justice of 
the Supreme Court of New Hampshire; also elected 
to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Bellinger, Joseph ; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1809; a Representative in Congress from South 
Carolina from 1817 to 1819. 

Belmont, August ; was born in Alzey, Rhe- 
nish Palatinate, and his father was a noted landed 
proprietor; recei\ed his education at Frankfort; was 
for several years employed in the offices of the great 
bankers, the brothers Rothschild, at Frankfort, and 
Naples; rcmo\ed to the city of New York in 1837, 
and while yet only twenty-one years of age, became 
the financial representative of his old employers in 
this country; was wounded in a duel in 1841, caus- 
ing permaiient lameness; from 1844 to ls50, was 
Consirl General for the Empire of Austria; but not 
liking the conduct of tliat Government towards 
Hungary, resigned the office; in 1853 was appointed, 
by President Pierce, Clmnic d' Affaires to the Hague; 
afterwards became Minister Resident, resigning in 
1858; in the latter capacity negotiated a highly im- 
portant Consular Convention, for which and other 
diplomatic services, he received special thanks from 
Washuigton; was a leailing Delegate to the Demo- 
cratic Convention of 1800; from that year until 1872 
was Chairman of the National Democratic Commit- 
tee, when he resigned. 

Belmont, Perry ; was born in the city of New 
York, December 27, 1851; graduated at Harvard 
College in 1872; was admitted to the bar in 1876; 
practiced law; was elected a Representative from 
New York to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth 
Congresses, and was re-elected to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Belser, James E.; was born in South Carolina; 
was a Kepresentative in Congress from Alabama, 
from 1843 to 1845; died at Montgomery, Alabama, 
January IG, 1859. 

Beltzhoover, Frank E.; was born in Cumber- 
land County, I'enusylvania, November 6, 1841; 
griuluated at Penn.sylvania College in 1862; studied 
law; was admitted to the bar in 1864, and com- 
menced practice at Carlisle, Pennsylvania; was Chair- 
man of the Democratic County Committee in 1868 
and 1873; was District Attorney from 1874 to 1877; 
was Delegate to the Democratic National Convention 
of 1876; was elected a Kepresentative trom Pennsyl- 
vania to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Con- 
gresses. 

Benedict, Charies B.: was born at Attica, New 
York, February 7, 1828; received an academic edu- 
Ciition; studied law; was admitted to practice in 
1856; engaged in the banking business at Attica in 
1860, and continued therein; was, for five years, a 
member of the Board of Supervisors of Wyoming 
County; a member of the Democratic State Commit- 
tee in 1875; a Presidential Elector in 1876; was 
elected a Representative from New York to the Forty- 
filth Congress. 



Benedict, Charles L.; was a resident of Brook- 
lyn, New York; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar; practiced the profc'ssion of the law in Brook- 
lyn; was a Representative in the New York Legisla- 
ture in 1863; in 1865 was appointed United States 
District Judge for the Eastern District of New York; 
in 1881 was tendered the appointment of Associate 
Justice of the Court of Appeals of New Y'ork State. 

Benedict, Kirby ; was born in Connecticut; in 
1853 was appointed an Associate Justiceof the United 
States Court for the Territory of New Mexico, resid- 
ing in Santa Fe. 

Benjamin, John F.; was born in the town of 
Cicero, Onondaga County, New York, January 23, 
1S17: received a common- school education; spent 
three years in Texas; in 1848 settled in Missouri, in 
the practice of the law; in 1851 and 1852 was a mem- 
ber of the Missouri Legislature; in 1856 was a Presi- 
dential Elector; in 1861 enlisted as a private in the 
Missouri Cavalry; in .January, 1862, was commis- 
sioned a Captain'; in Jlay, of the same year, a Major; 
in September following a Lieutenant-Colonel, which 
position he resigned on being appointed Provost- 
Marshal tor the Eighth District of his State; was 
also a Delegate to the Baltimore Convention of 1864; 
was elected a Representative from Missouri to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Invalid Pensions and Exjienditures in the Interior 
Department; re-elected to the Fortieth Congi-ess, 
serving on the Committee on Retrenchment; re-elect- 
ed to the Forty-first Congress, and made Chairman 
of Invalid Pensions. 

Benjamin, Judah P.; was a lawyer by profes- 
sion; a Presidential Elector in 1849; was elected a 
Senator in Congress from Louisiana, to serve from 
1853 to 1859, serving as Chairman of the Committee 
on Private Land Claims, and as a member of the 
Committees on the Judiciary and on Commerce; in 
1 859 was re-elected for a term of six years, but was 
expelled March 14, 1861; became identified with 
the Rebellion of 1861, and was Attorney-General of 
the so-called " Southern Confederacy." Settled in 
London, England, after the war, and was made 
Queen's Counsel for Lancaster. 

Benjamin, S. G-. "W.; was born at Argos, Greece, 
in 1837, while his father was United States Consul at 
Athens; graduated from Williams College in 1839; 
read law, and was then Librarian of the New York 
State Library until 1864; was connected, editorially, 
mth the Library Table, the New York Mail, Loiidnu 
Magazine of Art, etc. ; was a contributor in prose and 
verse, on various topics, with illustrations by his own 
pencil, to the NoHh American Revieir, Jlarper^s, Allan- 
lie, and Century 3Iagazines, Illustrated London News, 
Magazine of Art, American Art Ilrciew, etc. ; also pub- 
lished fifteen volumes of his own writing in prose 
and verse, upon a diversity of subjects; was also an 
artist of note, and disposed of bis paintings in Lon- 
don, and in the principal cities of the United States; 
was, for a number of years, a regular contributor to 
the National Academy of Arts, and other annual ex- 
hibitions; gave much attention to marine architeo 
ture; spent a number of years in foreign travel; in 
1883 was appointed Minister Resident and Consul- 
General of the United States to Persia, and had the 
fust audience ever granted by the Shah of Persia to 
an American Envoy, the attendent ceremonies being 
accompanied by great pomp. 

Bennet, Benjamin; was bom in 1762; was a 
Baptist minister; a Representative in Congi'ess from 
New Jei-sey from 1815 to 1819. Died at Middletown, 
New Jersey, October 8, 1840. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



35 



Bennet, Thomas; was bom in South Carolina; 
was Governor of tluit State from 1820 to 1822. 

Bennett, Caleb P. ; was a Major in the Delaware 
Kcgiiuent of the Kevolutioiiary Army, and was en- 
gaged at the battles of Brandywine, Germantown, 
and Monmouth; was Governor of Delaware from 1833 
until his death, which occurred at Wilmington, 
Delaware, May 7, 1836, aged seventy-eight years. 

Bennett, David S.; was elected a Kcpresent- 
ative from New York to the Forty-lir.st Congi'css, 
serving on the Committees on Commerce and the In- 
terior Department. 

Bennett, Granville G.; was born in Butler Coun- 
ty, (.)Iuo, ( h'toherS), 1833; passed his boyhood in Fayette 
County, Oliio; removed, with his parents, to Illinois 
in 1H49, and to Iowa in 1855; was educated at Howe's 
Acarlemy and Washington College, Iowa; studied 
law; entered upon the practice in 1859; served 
throughout the War of the Kebellion as a commis- 
sioned officer in the Union army; was elected a Kep- 
resentative in the Iowa Legislature, in 1865, for two 
ycais, and to the State Senate, in 1867, for four 
years; in 1875 was appointed an Associate Justice of 
the Supreme Court of the Territory of Dakota; re- 
signed in 1878 and was elected a Delegate from the 
Territory of Dakota to the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Bennett, Henry; was born in New Lisbon, 
()ts<'go County, New York, September 29, 18U8; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1832; 
having been elected to Congress as a Representative 
from that State in 1848, and served continuously for 
ten years. During the Thirty-fourth Congi-ess was 
Chairman of the Committee on Public Lands, and 
reported a number of important bills for the benelit 
of the Western States; during the Thirty-fifth Con- 
gress served as a member of the same Committee. 

Bennett, Hiram P.; was born in Carthage, 
Maine, Septemlier 2, 1826: received a common-school 
education in Ohio; in 1852 was elected to a Judge- 
ship in Western Iowa; removed to Nebra.ska Territory 
in 1854, and was at once elected a member of the 
Territorial Council; in 1858 was re-elected to the 
Nebraska Legislature, and made Speaker of the 
House; removed to Colorado Territory in 1859, and 
was chosen a Delegate therefrom to the Thirty- 
.se\enth Congress; in 1862 was re-elected to the 
Thirty-eighth Congiess. In March, 1867, was ap- 
pointed Secretary of the Territory of Colorado. 

Bennett, H. S. ; was born in Williamson County, 
Tennessee, March 7, 1807; received a limited educa- 
tion; studied law, and began to practice in 18311, 
when he removed to Mississippi, where he held the 
office of Circuit Judge for eight years; was a Rep- 
resentative from Mississippi to the Thirty-fourth 
Congress. 

Bennett, Risden F.; was born in Anson Count v, 
North Carolina, June 18, 1840; received an acadcm'ic 
training and attended Davidson CoUege; graduated 
at Lebanon Law School, Tennessee, in 1859: was 
licensed to practice law there, and in North Carolina, 
in that year; entered the Confederate Army as a 
private, in 1861, and served tlrroughout the war, 
rising to the rank of Colonel; was several times 
wounded ; was captured at Winchester and confined 
at Fort Delaware for several months; at the close of 
the war, in 1865. engaged in the practice of law in 
his native State; was County Solicitor until 186S; 
was nominated for Congress in 1870 but declined on 
account of ill-health; was a member of the State 
Con.stitutional Convention of 1871 and 1875; w;is 



elected a Representative in the State liCgislatuxe in 
1872; declined a re-nomination; was elected .ludge 
of the Superior Courts in 1680, and served until 
elected a Representative from North Carolina to the 
Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Bennett, Thomas W. ; was born in Union 
County, Indiana, February 16, 1831; graduated at 
the Asbury University Law School in 1854; was 
elected to the Indiana Senate in 1858; entered the 
Union Army in 1861 as a Captain; served through 
the war, and became a Brigadier-General of Volun- 
teers; was re-elected to the Indiana Senate in 18()4, 
ser\ing four years; was elected Mayor of Richmond, 
Indiana, in 1869, serving two years; was appointed 
Governor of Idaho in 1871, serving until December, 
1 875, when he resigned to take his seat as a Delegate 
I'rom Idaho to the Forty-fourth Congress, to which 
he hail been elected in 1874. 

Benson, Egbert ; was born in 1747; graduated 
from Columbia College, New York, in 1765; was At- 
torney-General of New York Ijom 1780 to 1789; a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress tiom 1784 to 
1788; a Representative iu Congress, from New Y'ork, 
from 1789 to 1793; Wiis a Judge of the State Supreme 
Court from 1794 to 1801; received an honorary de- 
gi-ee from Harvard University in 1808, and the same 
from Dartmouth College in 1811; was the first Presi- 
dent of the New York Historical Society; was again 
elected to Congress in 1813, resigning after the first 
session. Died at Jamaica, New Y'ork, in August, 
1833. 

Benson, Samuel P.; was born in the town of 
Winthrop, Maine; graduated at Bowdoin College in 
1 825 ; adopted the profession of the law ; was a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature in 1834 and 1836; Secre- 
tary of State in 1838 and 1841 ; was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Maine in 1853, and w;is 
re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, when he 
served as Chahman of the Committee on Naval Af- 
fairs: was at one time one of the Ovei-seers of Bow- 
doin College. 

Bent, Silas ; was bom in Massachusetts; was for 
many years an influential citizen of the Territorj' of 
Missouri; in 1813 was appointed United States Judge 
for the Territory of Missouri. HLs name was gi^en 
to a well-known frontier post and military fort. 

Bentley, John A.; was a resident of Wisconsin; 
was Commissioner of Pensions, in the Department ot 
the Interior, Iropi March, 1876, to June, 1881. 

Benton, Charles S.; was bom in Maine; was a 
Representative in Congress from New York irom 1843 
to 1849. 

Benton, Jacob ; was bom in Waterford, Ver- 
mont, August 14, 1819; attended the Newbury Semi- 
nary, and graduated at Manchester, Vermont; studied 
law, and came to the btir in 1843, locating at Lancas- 
ter, New Hampshire; in 1854, 1855, and 1856 was 
elected to the State Legislature; was a Delegate to 
tlie Chicago Convention of 1860; came within one 
vote of being nominated for Congress iu 1862; was 
elected a Representative from New llanipshire to the 
Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses, s<^rving on the 
Committees on Land Claims, Retreuctmient, Pensions, 
and Agiiculture. 

Benton, Samuel; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from South Carolina from 1793 to 1798. 

Benton, Thomas Hart; was Imuu in HillslH)r- 
ough. North Carolina, March 14, 1782; was educated 



36 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



at Cluipel Hill College; left that institution wdthout 
receiviug a degree, and forthwitli commenced the 
study of law in William and Mary College, Vir- 
ginia, under Mr. St. George Tucker; in 1810 entered 
the United States Army, but soon resigned liis com- 
mission of Lieutenant-Colonel, and iu 1811 was at 
Nashville, Tennessee, where he commenced the prac- 
tice of the law ; soon afterwards emigi'ated to St. 
Louis, Missouri, where he connected himself with the 
press as the editor of the Missouri Argus: in 1820 was 
elected a member of the United States Senate, serv- 
ing as Chairman of manj' important committees, and 
remained in that body till the session of 1851, at 
which time he tailed of re-election. As Missouri was 
not admitted into the Union until August 10, 18-21, 
more than a ycarof his first term of service expired be- 
fore he took his seat. He occupied himself during this 
interval in acquiring a knowledge of the language 
and literature of Spain. Immediately after he ap- 
peared in the Senate lie took a prominent part in the 
deliberations of that liody, and rapidly rose to dis- 
tinction; was one of the chief supporters of the ad- 
ministrations of I'residents .Jackson and Van Buren. 
The people of Missouri long clung to him as their 
leader, and it required perse\ering etibrt to defeat 
him; but he bad served them during the jieriod of 
thirty years without interruption, and others, who 
aspired to honors which he enjoyed, became impa- 
tient for an ojiportunity to supplant him. He was 
distinguished for his learning, iron will, practical 
mind, and strong memory. As a public speaker he 
was not interesting or calculatetl to produce an efl'ect 
on the iiassions of an audience, but his speeches were 
read witli a\iility, always producing a decided in- 
tluence; was electetl a Kepresentati\e iu the Thirty- 
third Congress for the District of St. l.,ouis; on his 
retirement from public life devoted himself to the 
preparation of a valuable register of the debates in 
Congress, upon whicli he labored until his death, 
which occurred in Wa.shiugton, on the 10th of April, 
1858, of cancer in the stomach. He was the author 
of a political work, giving an account of his observa- 
tions during his Senatorial service of thirty years. 

Beresford, Richard ; w;is a Delegate from 
Soutii Carolina to the Continental Congress from 1T8II 
to 1785. 

Bergen, John T.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1831 to 1833. 

Bergen, Teunis Gr.; was born in Gowanus, city 
of Brooklyn, New Y(n'k, October 6, I'^Oti; was edu- 
cated at the Academy of Era.smus Hall, Flat bush; 
was a surve\'or and horticulturist; w^s a memljer of 
the State Constitutional Convention of 181(); was 
Supervisor of the town of New Utrecht for twenty- 
three years; served iu all the grades, from .Sergeant 
to Colonel, in the State Militia; was a member of the 
Charleston and Baltimore Con\entions of ISijO; was, 
in 18()4, elected a Representative from New York to 
the Tbirty-uinth Cougress, serving on the Committee 
on Agriculture. 

Bemhisel, John M.; was born in Cumberland 
County, Pennsyhania, June 23, 1799; graduated iu 
the Medical Department of Pennsylvania University; 
engaged in the practice of medicine; was electeda 
Delegate to the Thirty-Fitth Congress from the Ter- 
ritory of Utah; re-elected to the Thirty-si.\th and 
Thirty-seventh Congresses. 

B3rrian, Hobart; was born in New Y'ork, and 
was the sou of the Reverend Doctor of Divinity 
bearing the name; was a man of superior culture 
and education; alter holding the iiositiou of a Clerk 
iu the Treasury Departmeut, was, in 1861, appointed 



t)ie Fourth Auditor of the Treasury, where he re- 
mained until 1864. 

Berrien, John McPherson ; was born in New 
Jersey, August 23, 1781; when a child removed, with 
his father, to Georgia; graduated at Princeton in his 
fifteenth year, and Wiis admitted to the bar in 1799; 
in 1809 was elected Solicitor-General, and the ne.xt 
year Judge of the Eastern Circuit. During the war 
of 1812 bad command of a regiment of volunteer 
cavalry; ser\-ed in the State Legislature for several 
years; in 1824 was elected to the United States Sen- 
ate, where he remained until 1829, when he took a 
seat in the cabinet of President Jackson as Attorney- 
General. For a while afterwards held various posi- 
ti(ms of responsibility in Georgia; in 1840 was again 
elected to the United States Senate for six years, 
taking an active part in all leading measures, and 
officiating most of the time as Chairman of the Ju- 
diciary Committee; in 1h45 was elected one of the 
Judges of the Supreme Court of Georgia: in 1847 
was once more elected to the United States Senate, 
resigning his seat in Jlay, 1852. On his return to 
Georgia, he still continued, in various ways, to pro- 
mote the public good. Died at Savannah, Georgia, 
January 1, 1856, universally lamented. 

Berry, Campbell P.; was born in Jack.son Coun- 
ty, Alabama, November 7, 1834; removed to Arkau- 
.sas in 1841, and thence to California in 1857; gradu- 
ated at Methodist College, Vacaville, California, in 
1865; engaged in farming; was Supervisor of Sutter 
County for three years; was a Representative in the 
State Legislature in 1869, 1871, 1875, and 1877, the 
last term was Speaker of the House; was elected a 
Representative from California to the Forty-sixth 
and Forty-seventh Congresses; declined a re-noraiu- 
ation. 

Berry, James H.; was born in .Tackson County, 
Alabama, May 15, 1841; removed to Arkan.sas in 
1848; received a limited education at a private sciiool 
at Berry ville, Arkansas; entered the Confederate 
Army, in 18G1, as a Second Lieutenant of Infantry; 
lost a leg at the battle of Corinth, Mississippi, in 
October, 1862, and retired tiom the service; studied 
law; was admitted to the bar in 1866, and engaged 
in the practice of law at Bentonville, Arkansas; in 
the same year was elected a Representative in the 
Arkansas Legislature; was again elected to the same 
Ijosition iu 1872; at the extraordinary session of the 
Legislature, in 1874, was elected Speaker of the House 
of Representatives; was President of the Demoiiatic 
State Convention in 1876; in 1878 was elected .Judge 
of the State Circuit Court; in 1882 was elected Gov- 
ernor of Arkansas; in March, 18S5, was elected United 
States Senator for the unexpired term ending .March 
3, 1889, to fill the vacancy caused by the appointment 
oi" \. H. Garland to the office of Attorney-General of 
the United States. 

Berry, John ; was born .\pril 26, 1833. in Craw- 
ford County, Ohio; educated at the common-schools, 
and the Ohio Wcsleyan Universit}'; graduated at the 
law school of Cincinnati College; was admitted to the 
bar iu 1857; practiced his profession at Upper San- 
dusky; was Prosecuting ."Vttorney of Wyandot County 
in 1862, and again in 1864; never was a candidate 
lor any other otiice until elected to the Forty-third 
Congress. 

Berry, Nathaniel S.; was Governor of New 
Hampshire for two years, from 18G1 to 1863, taking 
an active interest in raising troops for the War of the 

Ivebellion. 

Bsthune, Laughlin ; was a n.ative of North Car- 
olina, was lor several years a Senator in the State 



B I O C; n A P H I C A L A X X A I. J5 . 



37 



Lejcisliiture; from 1831 to 1833 was a Representative 
in Con;;re.ss from Ciimbetland County in that State, 
serving as a member of tlie Committee on Elections. 

Betton, Silas; -n-as l)orn in 17G4; griuliiateil at 
"Dartmouth Colle.ge in 1787, wa.s a Kepresentative in 
Congress from New Hanipsliire from 1803 to 1807; 
"held the office of SherilT of Koi'kingham CViunty for 
several years. Died at Salem, Xew Hampshire, in 
18'22, aged fifty-eight years, 

Betts, Samuel R.; was born in Riehmond, Berk- 
shire County, Massaehu.setts, in 1787: spent his Ixiy- 
hood on his father's farm; graduated at Williams 
College in 180(;: studied law, eame to the bar in 180!), 
and settled in Sullivan County, Xew York: took jiart 
in the Warof 181o, and was appointed .ludge .-Vdvo- 
^■ate; was a Representative in Congress from X'ew 
York from 1815 to 1817, alter which he settled in 
Newburg, and was District Attorney of Orange 
County; in 1823 was ajipointed a Circuit , Judge tor 
the State; in 18-2() was appointed .Judge of the United 
States District Court for the Southern District of Xew 
York, which office he conliiuied to hold until Mav, 
18(17, when he resigned and retired to private life. 
His labors a.s a .Judge were long held in the highest 
estimation by the legal ])rofe.ssion of Xew York. Died 
in Xew Haven, Connecticut, October 3, 1808. 

Bstts, Thaddeus; was born in Norwalk, Con- 
necticut: graduated at Yale College in 18117, and ac- 
<)uired great distinction as a lawyer; was at onetime 
Lieutenant-Governor of Connecticut; was an intluen- 
tial member of the I'nited States Senate from ls:!9 
to the date of his death, April 7, 1840. He was 
gi-eatly respected for his talents and character. 

Beveridg-e, John L.; wa.s l)orn July 6, 1824, in 
C; recti wicli, Xew York: was raised on a farm and re- 
ceived a common school education; in 1842 emigrated 
to Illinois and received further education at the Kock 
River Seminary: from 184() to 18.")1 taught scho(d in 
Tennessee and read law: jiractieed in Chicago: served 
four years in the Union Army as Jlajor ami Colonel 
of Cavalry; was Sheriff of Cook County, Illinois, two 
years; was. elected State Senator in X'ovember, 1870, 
and re.signed when he was elected to till the vacancy 
in the Forty-second Congress caused by the election 
of .John A. Logan to the United States Senate: was 
elected Governor of Illinois in 1873 for the term of 
four years. 

Bibb, George M.; was born in Virginia in 1772: 
graduated at Princeton College in 1792; studied law, 
and settled in Kentucky; was a Justice, and twice 
Chief Justice of the Court of Appeals of Kentucky; 
was in the State Senate two years: held the jiosition 
of Chancellor of the Court of Chancery : was Secretary 
of the Treasury under President Tyler: afterwards 
jiracticed liis profession in the City of \Va.sbington, 
and acted as an a.ssistant in the office of the .Attorney- 
(Jeneral of the Uniti'd States; his services in Congress 
were rendered as a .Senator from 1811 to 1814, and 
again from 1829 to IS;!."). Died in Georgetown, Dis- 
trict of Columbia, Ajnil 14, 18.59. 

Bibb, Thomas; was a kin.sinan of \V. W. Bibb, 
wl om he succeeded as Governor of Alaliama in 1820, 
ho'.diug the office until 1821. 

Bibb, "William "W. ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Georgia liom 180() to 1H14, and a Sena- 
tor in Congress from ]si;i to 1816; in 1817 was ap- 
pointed Governor of the Territory of .\labama; was 
elected lirst (iovernor under the Constitution of that 
State in 1819: was originally educated lor the medi- 
cal profession. Died at his residence, in Fort .lack- 
son, .\labama, .July 9, 1820, aged thirty-nine years. 



Bibighaus, Thomas M.; was born in Pennsyl- 
vania in 1810; was a Representiitive in Congress from 
that State from 1851 to the time of his death, which 
occurred in Lebanon, Pennsylvania, .June 18, 18.53. 

Bicknell, Bennet; was bcu-n in Manslield, Con- 
necticut; served in the .\.s.sembly of the .Statein 1812; 
was a .State Senator from 1815 to 1818; was a Kepre- 
sentative in Congress from New York from 1837 to 
1839. Died at Morrisville, Madison County, in 1863. 

Bicknell, George Augustus ; was born at Phil- 
adeljiliia, Pennsylvania; gradualed at the University 
of Penn.sylvania and received, from that institution, 
the degrees of A. B. and A. M. ; .studied law at the 
Yale Law School; in 1846 removed to Scott County, 
Indiana; was elected Fence Viewer in 1817: County 
Prosecutor in 1848; Circuit Prosecutor in 18,50; .Judge 
of the Second .Judicial Circuit of tlie Slate in 1852, 
holding this position, by successive re-elections, for 
twenty-four years; from l8(il to 1870 was Profe.ssoi 
of Law at the University of Indiana, aiul received, 
from that institution, the d<'grce of LL.D. ; was 
elected a Kepresentative from Indiana to the Forty- 
tifth Congress ; re-elected to the Forty-si.xth Con- 
gress. 

Biddle, Charles John ; was born in Philadel- 
phia in 1819: giadiialcd at Princeton College in 1837; 
studied law, and came to the bar in 1840; served as a 
Captain of Voltigeurs, United .Slates Army, in the 
war with .Mexico; was in the actions of Contrera.s, 
Churubnsco, Molino del Key, Chapultepec, ami the 
taking of the City of Mexico, and was brevetted a 
Major for gallant and meritorious services; after the 
Mexican war resumed the practice of his profession in 
Philadelphia; in 1861 was appointed a Colonel in the 
Pennsylvania Reserve Volunteer Corps; while in the 
field in Virginia was elei-ted a Kepresentative tioni 
Penns.vlvania to the Thirty-seventh Congress, to till 
the vacaiu-v caused by the resignation of E. .Joy 
Morris; before (juitting the field was tendered thi; 
commission of Brigadier-tieiuMal, but declined it, 
preferring to serve his eimstitueuts in a civil capacity. 
Died in Philadelphia. September 28, 1873. He was 
the son of Nicholas Biddle. 

Biddle, Ed-ward ; was born in 1739; was an of- 
ficer in the French War IVoui 1756 to 1763; became 
eminent as a lawyer in Reading, Pennsylvania; wa.s 
a memlier of the A.s.seud)ly, an<l Speaker; was a Dele- 
gate to the Continental Congress from 1774 to 1775; 
and was one of the prominent advoeites of Inde- 
pendence. Died in Baltimore, September 5, 1779. 

Biddle, James; was born at Philadelphia, Feb- 
ruaiy 2"<, 17m:!; was educated at the Universitv.of 
Pennsylvania; entered the navy as midsliijiman in 
1800: was wrecked in the frigate I'liihuliliihin oft' 
Tripoli in |S03, and was a prisoner nineteen montlis; 
was made lieutenant in 1807; was lirst-lieutenant of 
the \\'ii!<p, and led the action with the Fiolir in 1812; 
captured by the Poirlirrs, in October, 1812; e.x- 
ehanged in March, 1813; made nuister-eommander, 
and given a llotilla on the Delaware; while in eom- 
imuul of the Hnrtuf, was blockaded in Xew London, 
but eseajied and cai)turcd the British brig I'lnr/iiin, 
receiving a wound in the neck; for Ibis action he 
was voted a gold medal by Congress; Philadelphia 
presented him with a service of ])late, and he re- 
ceived other h(mors; was made Captain in 1815; held 
other important commands in the Pacific, on the 
coast of .South America, and West Indies; and from 
1830 to 1832 had command of the Mediterranean 
sijuadron, during which time he m^gotiated a treaty 
with the Ottoman Government. In 1845 was U. S. 
Commissioner to ratify a treaty with China; visited 



BIOGRAPHICAL AXXALS. 



Japan in the Columhm: commanded the squadron on 
the we«t oo=^.t of Mexico during the war: t™m 1^^^ 

to 184-2 had charge of ^^\^^^-''\-'Y'>,^'''^ ZiH 
Schuylkill. Died in Philadelphia, October 1, 184S. 

Biddle, John; was born in Philadelphia; was an 
officer in the War of 1812, acquitting lumselt with 
bravery; held the position of Paymaster m the army , 
also that of Indian Agent; was a Delegate to Con- 
gress from the Territory of Jlichigan Irom t-J.) to 
IK^. when he w;u5 appointed K''?'f <^'- °' /'^^^i""; 
Office at Detroit, Michigan Died at the Whit^ 
Sulphur Springs, Virginia, August 2o, 18o9, agett 
about seventy years. 

Biddle, Nicholas ; wa.s born in Philadelphia, 
January 1 1786: graduated at Princeton College in 
1801; was'Secretary of Legation at Paris in l^Uf- an"! 
at London in 180fi; traveled in Europe; m 180/ re- 
turned to Philadelphia and practiced law; edited the 
Portfolio; compiled, by request of the President ot 
the Unit^-d States, a "Commercial Dige.st," which 
was issued hv Congress; also prepared the narrative 
of Lewis and Clarke's expedition to the Pacihc; wa-s 
a member of the Pennsylvania Legislature in IMO 
and 1811; State Senator in 1814; advocated tbe w-ar 
with England; was Director of the United States 
Bank in 1819, and its President Irom 1823 to 18.59, 
and during the suspension of interest on the State 
debt, published a plan for its liquidation, which was 
adopted bv the Legislature; was President ot the 
Aoricultur'al and Horticultural Societies, of the 
Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania, and ot 
Girard College. He delivered an eulogmm on Jef- 
ferson before the Philo.sophical Society, and an ad- 
dress on the "Duties of the American,' bclorc the 
alumni of Princeton College. Died in Philadelphia, 
Februiiry 27, 1844. 

Biddle Richard; brother of Nicholas Biddle: 
was born in Philadelphia, March 23, 179G; served 
durin" the war of 1812, in the protection ot Phila- 
delphfa- became a leader of the Pittsburg bar; 
visited England from 1827 to 18:30, and was occupied 
in historical investigations; on his return resumed 
the practice of law; was a Kej.resentative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1837 to 1841. ^\ hile 
in England he published an e.rpoxe of Captain Basil 
Hall's "Travels in America." His " Life of Sebas- 
tian Cabot," in 1831, brought to light new and im- 
portant tacts in the discovery of America. I Died in 
Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, July 7, 1847. 



Biddle, Thomas; was a citizen of Penn.sylvania; 
in 1801 was appointed Secretary of Legation to 
Brazil, and acted as Charge d'Af'iire!<; in 1871 was 
appointed Jlinister Resident to Salvador, where he 
remained until 1873; in 187.5, was appointed Minister 
Resident to Ecuador; his death occurred at Guyaquil, 
May 7, 1875, whilst on his way to his post; he was a 
nephew of Nicholas Biddle. 

Bidlack, Benjamin A.; was born in Pennsyl- 
vania; was a Representative in Congress from 
Pennsylvania from 1841 to 184.5; died at Bogota, 
New Grenada, February 29, 1849, to which country 
he had been appointed Charge iV Affaires immediately 
after leaving Congress. 

Bid-well, Barnabas ; graduated at Yale College 
in 1785; received tlie degree of LL.D. from that in- 
stitution; from 1801 to 1805 was a member of the 
Massachusetts Legislature; was a Representative in 
Congress from Massachusetts from 1805 to 1807; At- 
torney-General for the State from 1807 to 1810. Died 
in 1833. 



Bidwell Jx)hn; w;us born in Chautauqua County, 
Xew™.'Augusl 5, 1819 both ^.s grandtathers 
havin.' fought in the Revolutionary War; in 1829 
went with his father's family to Erie, Pennsylvania 
and in 1831 to Ashtabula County, Ohio; wasediu-ated 
ariSngsville Ac;idemy; taught school in Dai-ke 
County in the muter of 1838-1839; and subsequently 
followed the same emplojTiient for two years m 
M^ouri: in 1841 enngrated to CalUorma, being one 
of the lirst to cro.ss the wild overland route, which 
lirney occupied six months. His first employment 
■on the Pacific coast was to take charge ot Bodega and 
Fort Ross; also ha<l charge of Sutter's Feather Kivei 
possessions; served in the War with Mexico until its 
close risin<^ from Second Lieut en.ant to Major; was 
the first man to find gold on Feather River ml 84n; 
in 1849 was a member of the State Constitutional 
Convention, and during the same year was elected to 
the Senate of the new Stat«; in 18dO was one ol the 
two appointed to convey a block of gold-beanng 
quartz to Wa-shingtou City; was a dissatisfied Del- 
e'^ate to the Charleston Convention in 1860; was a 
Bngadier-General of Militia; in 1864 was elected a 
Representative from California to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress serving on the Committee on the Pacihc 
Railroad; and as Chairman of the Committee on 
\ffriculture- was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"Lovalists- Convention" of 1866; in 1-75 was a 
ciiiididate for Governor of California, but was de- 
feated. 

Bieme Andre-w ; was a native of Ireland, and, 
on becoming a citizen of Vh-gina, was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1837 to 1841. 

Biery James S.; was born in Venango County, 
Peunsvlv'ania, March 2, 1839; received an academic 
educiition- taught school several years; studied the- 
ology and law; was admitted to the bar in 1868; in 
1869 was a candidate for the Legislatuje, running 
ahead of his ticket; was elected to the Forty-third 
Congress, ser-ving on the Committee ou Mileage. 

Bigby John Summerfield ; was born in Co- 
weta County, Georgia, February 13. 1832; recened 
his early education at the county schools; graduated 
at Emory College, Georgia, in 18.-.3; studied and prac- 
ticed law- was a member of the State Constitutional 
Convention of 1867-1868; was Solicitor-General of 
the Tallapoosa Circuit in 1868; w.is Judge of its Su- 
perior Court until 1871; was elected to- the Forty- 
second Congress, serving on the joint Committees ot 
Expenditures in the Post Office Department, and Re- 
vision of the laws of the United States. 



Bigelo-w, Abijah ; was horn in Westminster. 

Worcester County, Jlassachusetts, December 5, 177.i: 
ari«luated at Dartmouth College in 1795; studied 
Taw and was admitted to practice in 1798; was Town 
Clerk of Leominster for five years; served two years 
as a member of the General Court of JIassachiLsetts: 
was a Representative in Congress from 1810 to 181o: 
from 1817 to 1833 was Clerk of the County Court ol 
Worcester; at one time Ti-easurer and Trustee ot 
Leicester Academy; in 1838 was appointed a Master 
in Chancery for Worcester County; held the office of 
Justice of the Peace for about fifty yeara. Died April 
4, 1860. 

Bigelo-w,HobertB.; was] Governor of Connecti- 
cut from 1881 to 1883. 

Bigelo-W, John ; was bom in Ulster County, 
New York, November 25, 1817; graduated at Union 
College in 1335; studied law, and came to the bar in 
1838;'" from 1845 to 1848 held the position of Prison 
Inspector at Sing Sing; in 1849 joined the New York 



BIOGRAPniCAL AXNALS. 



39 



Evening Post as CMef Assistant Editor, (next to its 
proprietor, William C. Bryant); during the same 
year made a visit to the Island of Jamaica, about 
which he published an interesting volume; in 1861 
went to Paris as American Consul; in 1865 was ap- 
pointed Charge d' Affaires at the same place; in 1865 
was elevated to the rank of Minister Plenipotentiary; 
resigned in 186G. On his return liome de\ oted him- 
self to literary pursuits, and in 1874 published an 
elaborate life of Benjamin Franklin, containing much 
new information gathered by him ui France; in 1875 
was incited by Governor Tilden, to preside over a 
commission organized to investigate certain alleged 
frauds connected with the Erie Canal. His contribu- 
tions to the literature of the country have been ex- 
tensive and important. In November, 1875, was 
elected Secretary of the State of New York. 

Bigelcw^, Le'wis ; was born in Worcester County, 
Massachusetts, in 1783; was a Keprcsentative in 
Congress from his native State from 1821 to 1823; 
was the author of the " Digest of the First Twelve 
Volumes of Massachusetts Reports;" removing to 
Peoria, Illinois, became Clerk of the Countj' Court 
there. Died in October, 1838. 

Bigg-er, Finley ; was born in Ohio; in 1853 was 
apiTointed, from Indiana, Register of the United 
States Treasury, holding the office until 1861. 

Bigger, Samuel ; was lx>rn in Warren County, 
Ohio, about 1800; gi'aduated at Athens University; 
studied law at Lebanon, and commenced to practice 
in Indiana; was a Representative in the Legislature 
in 1834 and 1835; afterwards Judge of the Circuit 
Court; was Governor of Indiana from 1840 to 1843. 
The Indiana Hospital was established by his influ- 
ence. Died at Fort Wayne, Indiana, in 1845. 

Biggs, Asa ; was born in Williamstown, Martin 
County, North Carolina, I>bruary 4, 1811; was edu- 
cated at an academy; served as a merchant's clerk; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1831; in 
1835 was elected amemberof the Constitutional Con- 
vention of that State; in 1840, 1842, and 1844 was 
elected to the State Legislature; was chosen a mem- 
ber of the Twenty-ninth Congress; in 1850 was one 
of the three Commissioners appointed to revise the 
Statutes of the State; in 1854 went a second time in- 
to the State Senate ; was elected a Senator in Con- 
gi'ess in 1854 for six years; resigned. May, 1858, to 
accept the ap])ointment of Judge of the United States 
District Court of North Carolina. 

Biggs, Benjamin T.; was born in Delaware, Oc- 
tober 1, 1821; spent his youth upon a farm; attended 
the Pennington Seminary for two years; afterward 
taught school for a short time; was subsequently a 
student in the Wesleyan University of Connecticut, 
but left it on account of his health; in 1847 turned 
liis attention to farming; was a member of the State 
Constitutional Convention of 1852; subsequently took 
an interest in raUroad operations, and was elected 
Director in a Maryland company; in 1868 was elected 
a Representative trom Delaware to the Forty-lirst 
Congiess, serving on the Committees on Mines and 
Mining, and the Treasury Departmeut. 

Bigler, "Williami; was born at Shermansburg, 
Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, in December, 
1814: received a limited education, and, instead of a 
college, graduated in a prmting-oflice; b.y his own 
personal eftbrts established, and for several years car- 
ried on, entirely unaided, the Clearfield Vcmoeral; dis- 
posing of his paper, devoted himself for a time to 
mercantile pursuits and politics; in 1841 was elected 
to the State Convention; was a member of the State 



Senate np to 1847, part of the time Speaker; in 1851 
was elected Governor of Pennsylvania; subseciuently 
became President of the Philadelphia and Erie Rail- 
road Company; in 1855 was elected a Senator in Con- 
gress for six years, serving on the Committees on Com- 
merce, Post Offices and Post Ro;uls, and Engrossed 
Bills; was a Delegate to the Chicago Convention in 
1864, to the Philatlelphia "National Union Conven- 
tion " of 1866, and the New York Convention of 1H68; 
in 1875 was apjiointed a fiscal agent for the Centen- 
nial Exhibition. 

Billinghurst, Charles; was born in Brighton, 
Monroe County, New York, July'*27, 1818; a*ioi>ted 
the profession of the law, and after i>racticing a few 
years, removed to Wisconsin in 1847, and was a mem- 
ber of the first Legislatiu'e of that State, in 1848; was 
a Presidential Elector Ln 1852; was elected a R'epre- 
sentative to the Thirty-fourth Congress from Wiscon- 
sin, and was re-elected to the Thirty-tifth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Judiciary Committee; 
was also re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress. Died 
at Juneau, WLsconsin, August 18, 1865. 

Billings, Ed'ward C; was born in Massachu- 
setts: received a collegiate education; studied law, 
and engaged in practice, removed to Louisiana, set- 
tling at New Orleans; in February, 1876, was ap- 
pointed United States District Judge for the Eastern 
District of Louisiana. 

Binckley, John M.; was a practicing lawyer in 
the District of Columbia, from which, in 1867, he was 
appointed Assistant Attorney-General of the .United 
States, holding the position only about a yeai'. 

Bines, Thomas ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New Jersey from 1814 to 1815, and again 
from 18iy to 1820. 

Bingham, Henry H. ; was born at Philadtlphia, 
Pennsylvania, in 1841; graduated at Jefferson Col- 
lege in 1862; studied law; served in the Union -Vniiy 
from 1862 to 18()6, rising to the rank of Brevet Briga- 
dier-General ; was Postmaster of Philadelphia from 
1867 to 1872; in 1872 was elected Clerk of the Courts 
of Oyer and Terminer, and was re-elected in 1875; 
was a Delegate to the Rei)ublican National Conven- 
tions of 1872 and 1876; was elected a Representative 
from Penns_vhania to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh 
and Fort.y-cighth Congresses; was re-elected to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Bingham, John A.; wa.s born in Pennsylvania 
in 1815; received an academic education; spent two 
years in a iirinting-office; entered Franklin College, 
in Ohio, but his health prevented him from graduat- 
ing; studied law in Ohio, and was admitted to the 
bar in 1840; from 1845 to 184!) was Attorney for the 
State in Tu.scarawas County; in 1854 was elected a 
Representative from Ohio in the Thirty-fourth Con- 
gress; re-elected to the Thirty-fil'th Congi-e.ss; during 
liis first term was a member of the Committee on 
Elections, and made a report on the Illinois contested 
cases, which was adopted by the House; also served 
as a nuinber of the Committee on Expenditures in 
the State I)c|)artment; was al.so re-elected to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Judiciary Com- 
mittee; re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress: in 
18()4, was :ippoiuted a Judge-Advocate in the army; 
in August of the same year was appointed Solicitor 
of the Court of Claims; in Ma.y, 1865, was Assistant 
Judge-.\dvocate in the tri:d of the conspirators who 
were charged with the murder of President Lincoln; 
re-elected to tlie Thirt,v-nintli Congress, ser\ ing on 
the Committees on Military Afl'aii's, the Freedmen, 
and Reconstruction; was one of the Represeutati-. es 



40 



B 1 O G i; A P 11 I C A L A N \ A L S . 



flesignated liy the House to attend tlie funeral of Gen- 
eral Seott in ls(j(j; was a Delegate to tlie Philadelpliia 
" Loyalists' Convention" of 18fi0; re-elected to the 
lM)rtieth Congress, serving on the Committee on Ke- 
tjonstnietion, as Chairman ot'the Committees on Claims 
and Judiciary, and as one of the Managers in the 
Impeachment Trial of Andrew Johnson; re-elected 
to the Forty-tirst and Forty-second Congresses; in 
March. 1S73, was appointed ilinister Plenipotentiary 
to .Japan. 

Bing-ham, Kinsley S.; was horn at Camillus, 
Onondaga County, New York, December 16, 18U8; 
received a fair academic education; taught school for 
a time at Bennington, Vermont; spent three years in 
the office of a lawyer as clerk; emigrated to Michigan 
in IS'S.i, and ."Settled upon a farm; was elected to the 
JVIiehigan Legislature in 183.^, and was five .veal's a 
member of that body — three years elected Speaker; 
was a Kepresentative in Congi'ess from Michigan from 
1847 to 1851, and served on the Committee on Com- 
merce; was elected Governor of Jlichigan in 18.j4 
and 185fi; also held in other years the otiices of Post- 
master, Supervisor, Prosecuting Attorney, Judge of 
Probate, and Brigadier-General of Jlilitia; in 18o9 
■was elected a vSenator in Congress from Michigan, for 
•six years. Died at Oak Grove, Livingston County, 
Michigan, October 5, 18()1. 

Bingham, "William ; graduated at the College 
of Philadelphia in 1708; was agent lor this country 
iit Martiniijue during the lievolution; in 1780 wirs a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress from I^enusyl- 
vania; was elected a Senator in Congress in 17nr), 
serving until 1801, and as I'residcnt j)rii Ion. of the 
Senate during the Fourth Congress. Died at Bath, 
England, February 7, 1884, aged fifty-two years. 

Binney, Horace; was born in Philadcljiliia, 
Pennsylvania, January 4. 17^(»; graduated at Harvard 
University in 17!)7; was eilncated as a lawyer; was a 
Director of the old United States Bank, andOne of the 
Trustees to whom its atfairs was intrusted when it 
was wound up; was a member of the Pennsylvania 
Legislature in 18U(i and 18U7, and declined a re-elec- 
tion; vvivs a Representative in Congress from Pennsyl- 
vania fiom 18jo to 183.5, and was a member of the 
Committee on Ways and Means; declined a re-elec- 
tion; in 1827 the degree of LL. D. was conferred up- 
on him by Harvard University; published tlie " Ke- 
ports of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania," be- 
tween 1779 and 1814; was a lawyer of very great in- 
fluence, and defended the city of Philadelphia in a 
suit brought by Stephen Girard. Died in that city, 
August 12, 1875. 

Bimey, James; in December, 1875, was ap- 
pointed, from the Slate of Michigan, Minister I-iesi- 
dcul to the Netherlands. 

Bird, John ; was a native of Litchfield, Connec- 
ticut; afterwards settled in Troy, New York; was 
early <listingnislied at the bar of that State and in 
the Legislatnie; was a Kepresentative in Congress, 
from 1799 to 1801, from New York. 

Bird, John T.; was born in Hunterdon County, 
New .Jersey, August 1(3, I8'i9; received a common- 
school and classical education; spent his youth chief- 
ly on his father's farm; studied law, and came to the 
bar in 1h55; in 18()3 was appointed Pro,secuting At- 
torney liir Hunterdon County lor five years; in 1808 
was elected a kepresentative from New Jei-sey to the 
I'orty-lirst Congress, serving on the Committees on 
the Militia, and Invalid Pensions; re-elected to the 
Forty-second Congress. 



Birdsall Ausburn ; was born in New York; was 
a Representative in Congress, from that State, from 
1847 to 1849; was subsequently appointed Naval 
Storekeeper in New Y'ork City. 

Birdsall, James ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1815 to 1817; was a mem- 
ber of the Assembly of that State in 1837. 

Birdsall, Samuel ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1837 to 1839. 

Birdseye, Victory ; was a Representative in 
Congress, from New York, from 1815 to 1817, and 
again from 1841 to 1843; a Delegate to the State Con- 
stitutional Convention of 18'21; a State Senator in 
18"21 and 1829, as well as member of the Assembly 
for three years. Died September 16, 1853, aged sev- 
enty-one years. 

Bisbee, Horatio, Jr.; was born at Canton, Jlaine, 
May 1, 1839; graduated at Tuft's College, Massa- 
chusetts; entered the Union Army, in 1861, as a pri- 
vate and rose to the rank of Colonel ; located at .Tack- 
.sonville, Florida, and commenci-d the practice of law 
there in 1865; was United States District Attorney 
from 1869 to 1873; was, for a short time, Attorney- 
General of the State; was elected a Representati\e 
from Florida to the Forty-fifth Congress, but was uti- 
seated eight days before the expiration of the Con- 
gress; was re-elected to the Forty-sixth and Forty- 
seventh Congresses, securing his seat only after a 
contest; was also re-elected to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress. 

Bishop, James; was born in New Brunswick, 
New Jersey; was bred a merchant; served in the Leg- 
islature of his native State; was a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1855 to 1857. 

Bishop, Phanuel ; from 1787 to 1791 was a mem- 
ber ol the State .Senate; in 179-i, 1793, 1797, andl79S, 
a Representative in the State I>egislature; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Massachusetts from 1799 
to l-<07. 

Bishop, Richard M.; was Governor of Ohio 
from 1878 to 188U. 

Bishop, William D.; was born in Bloomfield, 
New .Jersey, September 14. 1827; graduated at Yale 
College in 1849; studied law as a iirolession, but soon 
engaged almost exclusively in railroad business, being 
fiir several years President of the N'augatuck Railroad 
Company; was elect efl a Representative to the Thirty- 
filth Congress from Connecticut, and was Chairman 
on the Committee on Manutaetures. In Ma.y, 1859, 
was appointed, by President Buchanan, Commis- 
sioner of Patents, but resigned in January, 1860. In 
1866 wiis again elected to the State Legislature; after- 
wards held varioiLS positions of trust and honor in 
Connecticut. 

Bissell, Clark ; was born in Lebanon, Connecti 
cut, in 178-_!; graduated at Y'ale College in 1806; 
studied law and settled at Norwalk; from 1829 to 
1839 was Judge of the Supreme Court of the State; 
in 1847 and 1848 was Governor of the State; was 
Kent Professor of Law in Yale College from 1847 to 
1855. Received the degree of LL.D. from Yale Col- 
lege in 1847. Died at Norwalk, Connecticut, Sep- 
tember 15, 1857. 

Bissell, William H.; was born in Hartwick. 
Otsego County, New York, April 25, 1811; was self- 
educated, attending .school in the summer, and teach- 
ing school in the wmtei; studied medicine, and grad- 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



41 



anted in ls:>4 at tl e M^^dical College in Philadelphia; 
removed to Illinois, a i ' after praeticinj; his profes- 
sion until 1S40, was eleeied to the State Legishitnre; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar of Illinois; 
after praetieing with success, was, in 1844, elected a 
Prosecuting Attorney; served Avith distinction in the 
Jlexican War, especially at lieuna Vista, as Captain 
of the Second Regiment Illinois Volunteers; was a 
IJepresentative in Congress from Illinois liom 184!) 
to 18.")">; in 18.)l) was elected Governor of Illinois for 
four years, to the duties of which otlice he lievoted 
his undivided attention. Died at Springlield, Illi- 
nois, March 18, ISliU. 

Elack, Edward J.; was liorn in Beaufort, South 
Carolina, in 180li: never attended college, hut read 
law, and was admitted to the bar of Augusta, Cieorgia, 
ill 1827; commenced his public life by going into the 
State Legislature, where he served lor several years; 
•■was e!ecle<l a Representative in Congress from (ieorgia 
in 18;J8, remaining there until 184.3. Died in 1n4I) 
in ISarnwell District. South Carolina, whither he had 
gone ibr change of scene. 

Black, George R.; was born in Scriver County, 
Georgia, March 24, 1835; received a collegiate educa- 
tion; studied law; was admitted to jiractice at Sa- 
vannah, Uccngia, in 18.57; divided his attention be- 
tween the law and agriculture; served in the Confed- 
erate Army during the War of the Rebellion, rising 
to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel ; was a Delegate to 
the State Constitutional Ccmvention of 18G.5; also to 
the Democratic National Comention of 187"2; was a 
State Senator from 1874 to 1877; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Georgia to the Forty-se\enth Con- 
gress. 

Black, Henry ; was born in Somerset County, 
Pennsv Ivania, February 2.5, 1783; was the father of 
Judge J. S. Black; in 1815 was elected to the State 
Legislature, and for three successive years afterwards; 
■in 182U was appointed an Associate Judge of his 
■country, and held the office Tor twenty years; in 1841. 
•at a special election, was chosen to till the seat in 
Congress made vacant by the death of Charles Ogh', 
serving during the e.\tra session of that year; when 
on the point of his departure for Washington, at the 
•vommencement of the regular session, died suddenly, 
,^;ovember 28, 1841. 

Black, James ; was born in Pennsylvania; was 
;a Rejiresentative in Congress from that State from 
'l84o to 1847. 

Black, James A.; was born in South Carolina; 
served as a Captain in the War of 1812; was a Kep- 
leseiitative in Congress li'om that State from 184li to 
the time of his death. Died in Washington, April 
5, 1848. 

Black, Jeremiah S.; was born in the Cladcs, 
Somei-set County, Pennsylvania, .lannary 10, 1810; 
was a lawyer by profession, having been a<lmitte<l to 
the bar in 18311; in 1842 was appointed Presiding 
Judge of the Judicial District in which he lived; in 
1851 was elected to the bench of the State .8ui)rcme 
Court, and made Chief Justice; was re-elected in ls51; 
March 5, 1.S57, received, from Presi<lcnt Ibicbaiian. 
the appointment of .Vttcuney-Cicncial of th<' Initcd 
.States; was Secretary of State Irom December, l~<(i(i, 
to March, 18(jl; resumed the practice of law. Died 
Augu.st 19, 1883. 

Black, John; was born in New York in 1792; 
was for forty years a resident of Mexico, where he 
was a Consul of the United Stat<s, and also Minister 
Resident there during the Jlexicau N\'ar. Died in 
Albany, November 19, 1b73. 



Black, John ; was at one time a resident of Lou- 
isiana, but removing to Mississippi, was elected a 
Senator in Congress, from 1832 to 1838, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Private Land Claims 
during the lii-st term. Died in Winchester, Virginia, 
August 29, 1854. 

Black, John C; was born at Lexington, Missis- 
sippi, January 22, 1839: in 18-17 removed to Dan- 
ville, Illinois; was educated in the common schools 
and an academ.v, and tool; a partial course at Wabash 
College, Crawfordsville, Indiana; entered the Union 
Army in April, 1861, and .served until August, b"'li5. 
rising from the ranks, through all the intermediate 
grades, to the rank of Colonel and Ijievet Ibigadicr- 
Ueneral ; was trustee of the Illinois Soldieis' Or- 
phans' Home for one term; was Manager of the Na- 
tional Soldiers' Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers; 
was three times an unsuccessful candidate lor Con- 
gressman; removed from Danville to Urbana, and 
thence to Champaign, Illinois; March 10, 1885, was 
appointed Commissioner of Pensions at Washington. 

Black, Samuel W. ; was horn in Penn.sylvania, 
and appointed from that State an Associate .lustice 
of tlie United States Court for the Territoiy of Ne- 
braska: was appointed Governor of that Territory in 
l8i)l, remaining in office until ISiil. 

Blackbtirn, J. C. S.; was born in Woodford Coun- 
ty, Kentucky, October 1, 1838; graduated at (.'entre 
College in 1857; studied law, and c:uue to the bar in 
Lexington in 1858; entered the Confederate Army as 
a private, and was promoted to the rank of Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel before the close of the war; was elected to 
the State Legislature in 1871; re-elected in 1873: in 
1874 was elected a Representative from Kentucky to 
the Foiiy-lburth Congress; was re-elected to the 
Forty-titth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty- 
eighth Congresses; in February, 1884, was elected a 
Senator of the United States, from Kentucky, for six 
years from March 4, 1885. 

Blackburn, Luke P.; was Governor of Kentucky 

iVoni 1879 to 1883. 

Blackburn, "Wm. Jasper; was born in Arkan- 
sas, .July 24, 1820; was left an orjihan at an early 
age, and was wholly self-educated; was bred a 
printer, and became the editor of a newspaper in 
Louisiana, called the Homer Iliiiil ; was an occasional 
writer in prose and verse for " Ladies' Books;" was a 
member of the State Constitutional Convention of 
1808; was elected a Representative from Louisiana to 
the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committee on- 
Revolutionary Pensions. Though born in a Slave 
State he was always oj)posed to slavery, and during 
the Reliellion his printing-office was frequently 
mobbed by his jiolitical enemies. 

Blackford, Isaac N.; was born at Bound Brook, 
New Jersey. November (!, 17~(i; graduated at tin- 
New Jersey College in 180(i; removed to Indiana in 
1812; became Clerk of the Territorial Legislatuie in 
1813; was Judge of the First District Court in 1"<14 
and 1815; Speaker of the first State Legislature in 
IsUi; .Judge of the Supreme Court of Indiana from 
1S19 to 1H35; Judge of the United States Court of 
Claims from 18.')5 until his death in Wa.shington 
City, December 31, 18.59. 

Blackford, William M.; was a citizen of Vir- 
ginia, and in 1842 was apiminted CItari/c d'Alliiins to 
the Republic of Columbia, where he remained two 

years. 

Blackledge 'William ; was for several years a 
member ol the General Assemblv of North Carolina: 



42 



BIOGRAPHICAL AXNALS. 



served that State as Representative in Congi-ess, from 
1803 to 18U9, and from 18U to 1813. Died at Spring 
iHill, Lenoir County, North Carolina, October 19, 
11828. 

Blackledge, "William S.; was born in Pitt 
County, North Carolina: was a member of the Gen- 
eral Assembly of North Carolina; was elected to Con- 
igress from that .State for the term from 1821 to 1823. 
'Died in Newbern, North Carolina, Jlarch 21, 1857, 
aged sixty-four. 

Blackmar, Esbon; was a native of New York; 
was a Representative in Congress from that .State, 
'from 1848 to 1849, for the une.Kpired term of John M. 
iHoUey; also served two years in the State Assembly 
(from Wayne County. 

Blackwell, Julius W.; was bom in Virginia; 
was a Representative in Congress from Tennessee, 
"from 1839 to 1841, and again from 1843 to 1845. 

Blackwood, "William G.; wa.sborn in Pennsyl- 
vania; settled in Missouri, from whicli .State he was 
•appointed a Justice of the United States Court for 
'the Territory of New Mexico. 

Blaine, James Gillespie ; was born in Wash- 
ington County, Pennsylvania, January 31, 1830; 
gi-aduat«d at W:ishingtou College in 1847; adopted 
the profession of an editor; removed to Maine; 
edited the Kennebec Journal and PurUnnd Adrrrtisei- 
•tor several years; served four years in the Maine 
iLegislature, two years as Speaker of the House; in 
1862 was elected a Representative li-om Maine to the 
Thirty -eighth Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. Re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on MUitary Attairs, the Special Commit- 
tee on the Death of President Lincoln, and as Chair- 
man of the Committee on the War Debts of the 
Loyal States; re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Appropriations and 
Rules; was re-elected to the Forty-lirst Congress, and 
m;ule Speaker of the House, holding the same po- 
sition during the Forty-second and Forty-third Con- 
gresses; also re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress; 
:in 1876 was elected United SUites Senator, to fill the 
vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Lot M. 
MorrUl; was re-elected for the term ending in 1883; 
resigned in 1881, to accept the post of Secretary of 
'State, in the cabinet of President Garfield, serving 
.from March until December of that year; was an un- 
successful candidate for President of the United 
States in 1884. 

Blaine, "Walker ; was a resident of Maine; re- 
ceived a collegiate education; in 1881 was appointed 
Third Assistant Secretary of State: the same year 
was sent, in conjunction with W. H. Triscott, as a 
Special Envoy to Peru and Chili. 

Blair, Austin ; was born in Caroline, Tompkins 
County, New York, February 8, 1818; graduated at 
Union CcjUege in 1839; studied law, and, removing 
to Micliigan, practiced the profession in that State" 
after holding the local ofiices of County Clerk and 
Prosecuting Attorney for his county, was elected to 
the Legislature, and afterwards to the Senate of the 
State; was Governor of Michigan from 1861 to 1865; 
in 1866 was elected a Representative from that State 
to tlie Fortieth Congre,ss, serving on the Committees 
on Foreign Aftairs, Rules, and Militia; re-elected to 
the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses, serving 
as Chairman of the Committee on Land Claims. 

Blair, Barnard; was a native of New York; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 



from 1841 to 1843, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Elections. 

Blair, Francis Preston ; was born in Abing- 
don, Virginia, April 12, 1791; removed to Kentucky 
with his lather aljout the j-ear 1800; graduated at 
Transylvania University; studied law, but from ill 
health never practiced; engaged early in liolitics, and 
supported his friend, Mr. Clay, for the Presidency in 
1824, but became politically estranged from him dur- 
ing the administration of J. Q. Adams. His views 
against nullification, in a Kentucky jjaper, caused 
General Jackson to invite him to edit a Democratic 
journal in Washington. Tlie Globe was commenced 
by him in 1830, and continued until 1845. He then 
retired to his estate at Silver Spring, Montgomery 
County, JIaryland, and engaged in agricultural pur- 
suits; withdrew from the Democratic party in 1848; 
after the repeal of the Missouri Compromise took 
part in the Republican organization, and supported 
General Fremont for the Presidency in 1856. 

Blair, Francis P., Jr.; was born in Lexington, 
Kentucky, February 19, 1821; graduated at Princeton 
College; adopted the profession of the law; was a 
member of the Mis.souri Legislature in 1852 and 
1854, and elected a Representative from Jlissouri to 
the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Private Land Claims; elected to the Thirty-sev- 
enth Congress, and was Chairman of the Committee 
on Military Aft'airs; was a Colonel of Volunteers in 
1861; in 1862 was appointed a Major-General in the 
army, and was subsequently re-elected to the Thirty- 
eiglith Congress. During the first session of that 
Congress he resigned his seat in the House to resume 
his position in the army, but, by the action of the 
Hou.se, subsequently the seat was assigned to his con- 
testant, Samuel Knox; in 1866 was appointed, by 
President Johnson, Collector of Customs for the port 
of St. Louis, but rejected by the Senate; was a Dele- 
gate to the Cleveland "Soldiers' Convention" of 
1866; in December of that year was appointed a 
Commissioner for the Pacific Railroad; in 1868 was 
nominated for Vice-President of the United States on 
the ticket with Horatio Seymour, and was defeated; 
was a Senator in Congress for the unexpired term of 
C. D. Drake, from 1871 to 1873, serving on import- 
ant Committees; in 1848 he publislied the "Life and 
Public services of General William A. Butler." 
Died in St. Louis, Missouri, July 9, 1875. 

Blair, Henry "W.; was born at Campton, New 
Hampshire, December 6, 1834; received an academic 
education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 
1859, and engaged in pnietice; was Prosecuting At- 
torney for Grafton County in 1860; served in the 
Union Army as Lieutenant^Colonel during the War 
of the Rebellion; was a Representative in the State 
Legislature in 1866, and a State Senator in 1867 and 
1868; was elected a Representative, from New Hamp- 
shire to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses;' 
declined a re-nomination; was elected a Senator of 
the United States, from New Hampshire, for the term 
of six years, from March 4, 1879; in 1885 was re- 
elected for a second term. 

Blair, Jacob B.; was born in Parkersburg,Wood 
County, Virginia, April 11, 1821; received acommon 
school education; studied and adopted the profession 
of tlie law; was Prosecuting Attorney for Ritchie, 
County for several years; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Vfrginia to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Public Buildings and 
Grounds; in 1863 was elected a Representative from 
the new state of West Virginia to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Public Ex- 
penditures, and Public Buildings and Grounds; ia 



BIOUKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



43 



18C7 was elected a Representative in the State Legis- 
lature; was United States Minister to Costa Rica 
from 1868 to 1872; in 187() was appointed Associate 
Justice of the Supreme Court of Wyoming Territory, 
and was re-appointed in 1880, and again in 1884. 

Blair, James ; was horn in Lancaster, Soutli 
Carolina; was a Re))rcscntati\e in Congress from 
that State from 18-21 to 1822, and from 1829 to 1834. 
Died at Washington, by his own liand, April 1, 
1834. 

Blair, John ; was born in Williamsburg, Vir- 
ginia, in 1732; graduated at William and Mary Col- 
lege; studied law at the Temple, London, and be- 
came an eminent lawyer. Was a member of the 
Legislature in 176.5, and, on the dissolution of the 
House, in 1769, he, with Wasliington and other pa- 
triots, drafted the "Non-Importation Agreement,'' at 
Raleigh Tavern; was one of the Committee, in .Tune, 
1776, which drew up the plan for the government of 
the State; was electiul a .lu<lge of the Court of Ap- 
peals, then Chief Justice, and, in 1780, Judge of the 
High Court of Chancery ; wiis a Delegate to the Phil- 
adelpliia Conveutiou to Revise the Articles of Con- 
federation; supported the "Virginia Plan," and, 
with Washington and Madison, alone of all the Vir- 
ginia Delegates, voted for the adoption of the Federal 
Constitution, and also for its ratification in the State 
Convention; in Septemljer, 1789, was appointed, by 
President Washington, a Judge of the United States 
Supreme Court; resigned this position in 1796. Died 
in Williamsburg, August 31, 1800. 

Blair, John ; was born in Washington County, 
Tennessee; was a Representative in Congress from 
Tennessee from 1823 to 1837, and was a member of 
the Committee on Military Atiairs. Before entering 
Congre.ss he served in both branches of the State 
Legislature. Died at Jonesb- rough, Tennessee, in 
July, 1863. 

Blair, Montgomery ; was born in Franklin 
County, Kentucky, Jlay 10, 1813; was educated at 
the West Point Academy; served in tlie Florida War 
under General Scott; studied law, and settled in the 
practice of the profession at St. Louis, in 1839; was 
Mayor of that city in 1842; Judge of the Court of 
Common Pleas from 1843 to 1849, when he resigned; 
in 1852 removed to Maryland; practiced his profes- 
sion in the Supreme Court of the United States; was 
one of the Counsel in the Dred Scott c:ise ; was ap- 
pointed, by President Pierce, Solicitor of the Cotu't 
of Claims; in 1860 acted as President of the " Mary- 
land Republican Convention," and as a Presidential 
Llector at the subsequent election; in 1861 was ap- 
pointed, by President Lincoln, Postmaster-General, 
resigning the position in October, 1864. His brother, 
F. P. Blair, Jr., was a member of Congress, and his 
father, Francis P. Blair, was, for many years, a Pub- 
lic Printer in AVashington, in conjunction with John 
C. Rives. Died July 27, 1883. 

Blair, Samuel S. ; was bom in Pennsylvania; 
was elected a Representative fi-om that State to tlie 
Tlijrty-si.xth Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Private Land Claims; re-elected to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, and was placed at the 
head of that Committee, serving, also, on several 
other Committees. 

Blaisdell, Daniel ; wa.s a State Councilor from 
1803 to 180S. and a Representative in Congress from 
New Hampsliire, from lKi)r< to 1811. Died in 1832, 
aged seventy-three years. 



Blaisdell, H. G-.; was the nr.st Governor of Ne- 
vada after it became a State, and served as suob 
from 1864 to 1869. 

Blake, Harrison G-.; was born in New Fane, 
Windham County, Vermont, .March 17, 1818; re- 
cei\cd a common school education; removed to Oliio 
in 1830; whUe engaged as a mercliant's clerk studied 
law, and, after devoting much of his life to mercan- 
tile pursuits, ailopted the profession of tlie law: 
served four j-ears in the Ohio Legislature, and was 
President of the State Senate in 1848 and 1849; was 
elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty- 
sixth Congi-ess, serving as a member of the Commit- 
tee on Accounts; re-elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committee on the Post 
Oflice; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyal->, 
igts' Convention" of 1866. A^ ..!-/• .»^<.>.-, O- 

Blake, tiem-y N. ; in July, 1875, he was appointed 
one of the Associate Justicejs of the United States for 
the Territory of Montana. 

Blake, John, Jr.; was a native of New York, a-id 
a Representative in Congri'ss from that State from 
1805 to 1809; w;\s a member of the New York A.sseui- 
bly in 1819. 

Blake, John B.; was born in Colchester, Fairfa.\_ 
County, Virginia, August 12, 1802; when a child (jl 
six years, removed with his father to Washington 
City; received a good education at the Georgetown 
College, and at Charlotte College in Maryland; turned 
his attention to medicine, and gnwluated as a phy- 
sician at the University of Maryland; was Commis- 
sioner of Public Buildings during a part of the admin- 
istration of President Pierce, and during the whole of 
that of President Buchanan; was for many \ears 
President of the National Metropolitan Bank of 
Washington City; was, for a time, connected witlr 
the Board of Public Works in Washington, and when 
the change took place in the office of tlie Treasurer of 
the United States, in 1875, was one of the C'ommitt<'o 
appointed to couut the money in the national vaults. 

Blake, John L.; was born at Boston, Massachu- 
setts, March 25, 1831 ; removed to Orange, New Jer- 
sey, when lifteen years of age; studied and practiced 
law; w;is a member of the House of Assembly ia 
1857: was a Delegate to the Republieiu National Con- 
vention of 1876, and a candidate for Presidential 
Elector in the same year; was elected a Representative 
from Hew Jersey to the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Blake, Joseph ; was Governor of South Carolina 
in 1694, aii<l from 1696 to his death in 1700. He was 
a proprietary. 

Blake, Thomas H.; was born in Calvert Coimty, 
Maryland, June, 1792; passed his boyhood in Wash- 
ington City; served at the liattle of Bladensl)urg, in 
1814; was an early emigrant to the State of Kentucky, 
and afterwards to Indiana while a Territory; upon 
the formation of the State Government settled at 
Terre Haute; there practiced law; served on the 
bench of the Circuit Court, and \v;us District Attor- 
ney; subsequently engaged in mercantilo pursuits; 
was, for many years, a member of the State Legisla- 
ture; wius a Representative in Congress from Indiana 
from 1827 to 1829; under President Tyler's adminis- 
tration was Commissioner of the General Land Ollice, 
and, upon his resignation, was appointed President 
of the Wabiush and Krie Canal Com|)any; he held this 
olli<'e at the time of his death, having jiLst returned 
from F.nglaiul, where, as the Unancial agent of his 
State, he had made satisfactory arrangements with 
its public creditors. Died at Cincinnati, wliile on 
his return from Washington, November 28, 1849. 



44 



i!10GRAI'}IICAL ANNALS. 



Blanchard, John; was born in th" Connty ol' 
Calcilonia, Vuiniont, September SO, 17H7; passed his 
Ijoyhood (jn a farni; jirepared hiniseU' lor college and 
graduated at Dartmouth in 1812; removed to I'enn- 
svlvania, and taught sehool; read Uiw, and was ad- 
mitted to practice; was a Representative in Conj;ress 
from Pennsylvania from 1 845 to 184!). Died in Colum- 
bia, Lancaster County, March 8, 1849. 

Blanchard, Jonathan; was a Delegate from New 
Hampshiae to the Continental Congress in 1783 and 
1784. 

Blanchard, Newton Grain; was born in 
Kapides I'arisli, Louisiana, January 29, 1849; re- 
ceived an academic education; graduated as a Batch- 
«lor oi' Laws at the University of Louisiana in 1870; 
commenced practice at Shreveport, Louisiana, in 
1871 ; was a Delegate to the State Constitutional Con- 
vention of 1879; was appointed a Major in the State 
Militia; was made a Trustee of the University of the 
.South, at Sewannee, Tennessee; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Louisiana to the Forty-seventh and 
Porty-eighth Congresses, and was re-elected to the 
Porty-ninth Congress. 

Bland, Ballard; was born in Kentucky; edu- 
cated for the legal profession ; while residing in Louis- 
ville was appointed United States Judge for the 
District of Kentucky. 

Bland, Richard; was a native of Virginia; was 
ibr some years a leading member of the House of 
Burgesses; in 1768 was one of the Committee ap- 
pointed to remonstrate with Parliament on the sul)- 
ject of taxation ; in 1773 was one of the Committee 
of Correspondence; was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress Irom 1774 to 177(j. Died in 1790, 
ageil fcnty-eight years. 

Bland, Richard Parks ; was born near Hart- 
lord, Kentucky, August 19, IKi."); was left an orphan 
at an early age; w<irkcd during the summer to enable 
liim to attend tlic common-schools in the winter; 
taught school in order to obtain an academic coui'se; 
studied law, and practiced the profession; never held 
a jiublic office until he was elected to the Forty-third 
Congress from Missouri; was re-elected to the Forty- 
fourth Congiess, serving on the Committee on Revo- 
lutionary Pensions; in December, 187.5, was ap- 
pointed Chairman of the Committee on Jlines and 
Mining; was re-elected to the Forty-tilth, Forty- 
sixth. Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth 
■Congresses. 

Bland, Theodoric ; was a native of Virginia, 
born in 1742; was the uncle of .lohn Randolph; was 
breil a )diysielan, but upon the commencement of 
the American War quitted the practice for the army- 
nose to the rank of Colonel, and had the com- 
mand of a regiment of dragoons; in 1779 had com- 
juand of the troo])s at Albemarle Barracks, and 
■continued in that station until elected to a seat in 
Congress from Virginia, in 17bU; served in that body 
three years; was then chosen a member of the Vir- 
ginia Legislature; was a Kepresentati^e in the first 
Congress under the Constitution, having voted for its 
adoption. Died at New Y<u-k, June 1, 1790, while 
attending a .session of Congress. 



Bland, Theodoric; was born in 1777; was a 
lawyer by profession; was Judge of the County 
Court in Baltimore; Judge of the United States 
District Court of Maryland; was twenty-two years 
Cliancellor of the State; from 18:!(i to 1.S41 published 
m Baltimore, " Reports of Ca.ses decided in the High 
Court of Chancery of Maryland.'' Died at Aunap- 
o'is, November llj, 184U. His father, bearing the 



same name, was in the Continental and Federal Con- 
gresses. 

Blatchford, Richard M.; was the son of Rev. 
Samuel Blatcliliinl, and born in Stratford, Connecti- 
cut, in 179.'<; grtiiluatcil at Union College in 1818. of 
which institution he was for many years a trustee 
and aided it with his money; taught school on Long 
Island and studied law at the same time; on coming 
to the bar settled in New York City. In 1826 was 
made a linancial agent for the Bank of England; in 
1836 appointed to the same i)o.sition by the Bank of 
the United States, and assisted in winding up its af- 
fairs; in 1855 was elected to the State Legislature; 
in 1859 Commissioner of Central Park; subsequently, 
of the Public Parks generally; when the Rebellion 
commenced he was entrusted with funds for the re- 
cruiting service; in 1862 was appointed Minister to 
Italy. He was a warm- personal friend of Daniel 
Webster and one of the executors under his will, and 
was the father of Samuel Blatchford. the United 
States District Judge for New York. Died at New- 
port, September 4, 1875. 

Blatchford, Samuel ; was born in the city of 
New York, JIarch 9, lw20; was educated at the Pitts- 
held Acailemy, Miussachusetts, and at the Grammar 
School of Columbia College, New York, from which 
college he graduated in 1837; was Private Secre- 
tary to W. H. Seward from 1S39 to 1841, and Mili- 
tary Secretary on Governor's Stall up to 1843; was 
admitted to the bar in 1842; was made a Counselor 
of the Supreme Court of the State in 1845; in the 
latter ptirt of the same year went to Auburn and 
joined Mr. Seward and Christopher Morgan as a law 
partner; in 1851 was nominated for a Judgeship on 
the Supreme Bench, but w'as not elected, in 1854 re- 
turned to New York City, and in the following year 
was appointed a Justice of the Su)ueme Court of the 
State for the First District, but declined; in 1867 was 
appointed District Judge of the U lited States Court 
for the Southern District of New York; in 18'82 was 
appointed an Associate Justice of the United States 
Supreme Court. 

Bledsoe, Jesse ; was at onetime adi.stinguished 
advocate and jurist of Kentucky; w;us a Senator in 
Congress from" that State from 1813 to 1815; was Pro- 
fes.sor of Law in the University of Transylvania, and 
Chief .lustice of the Supreme Court of Kentucky. 
Died at Nacogdoches, Texius, .lune '.'M, 1837. 

Bleecker, Hermanus ; was born at Albany, 
New York, in 1779; was a member of Congress from 
New- York from 1811 to 1813; was appointed, by 
President Van Buren, in 1839, C/mrt/i' d' Affii i ii:s at 
the Hague. In 1822 was a Regent of the University 
of New York, and received the degree of LL.D. Died 
at Albany, New York, July 19, 1849. 

Bliss, Archibald M.; was born in Brooklyn, 
Long Island, Janiuiry 25, 1837; received an academic 
education; was tor many years engaged in mercantile 
pursuits; was tor four years an Alderman, from 1864, 
and President of the Boaid in 1867; was defeated for 
Mayor in the latter year; was a Delegate to the Bal- 
timore Convention in 1864, Chicago Convention of 
186s', and the Cincinnati Convention of 1872; in 1869 
and 1870 was Commissioner of Pul)lic Works for 
Brooklyn; was a Director in several banks, Vice-Pre.s- 
ideiit and Director in the New York and Long Island 
Bridge Company, President of the Bushwick Railroad 
Company; in 1874 was elected a Represeutati^■e from 
New York to the Forty-iburth Congress; was re- 
elected to the Forty-tilth, Forty-sixth, and Forty- 
seventh Congiesses; was also elected to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



4» 



Bliss, George ; was boi-u in Jericho, C'liittondon 
County. VcTiiioiit, .lanuaiy 1, 18l:{; received an aca- 
rtcniic education; went to Ohio in his twentieth year, 
and spent one year in Granville Collef;e; studied law, 
and came to the bar in 1H41; in IHSO was appointed 
President Ju<lse of the I-:i}?hth .Judicial District of 
Ohio, servinj; one year, until tlie State Constitution 
was changed; in 1852 was electiul a Representative 
from Ohio to the Thirty-third Conf;re.ss; in 1S62 was 
eU'cted to tlic Thirty-eiuhth Congress, S(^rving on the 
Committee on tlie .ludiciary; was a Delegate to the 
Pliiladelphi;i "National Union Convention" of 1866. 

Bliss, Philemon ; was ))orn in Canton, Connecti- 
cut, .July 2s, 1814: was educated at Fairfield Acad- 
emy, Oneida Institute, and Hamilton College, New 
York; was a lawyer by profession; removed to Ohio; 
wa.s elected President Judge of the Fourteenth Cir- 
cuit Court; in 18.54 wa.s elected a Representative, to 
the Thirty-fourth Congress; re-elected to the Thirty- 
iifth Congress; was a member of the Committee on 
JIanufactures: was sid)sequently appointed a Terri- 
torial Judge in Dakota. 

Blodgett, Henry "W. ; was born at Amherst, 
5Ia.ssaehusett.s, July 21, 1821; removed with his pa- 
rents to Illinois in 18151; worked on a farm until 
twenty-one years of age, with the exception of one 
year's attendance at Amherst Academy when aliout 
eighteen; studied law in Chicago, and was admitted 
to the bar Iti 1844; in the spring of 1S4.5 located at 
"NVaukegan in the practice of his profession ; was 
elected to the Legislature of Illinois in 18.52; to the 
State Senate in 185S; was appointed .ludge of the 
United States Court for the Northern District of Illi- 
nois in 1.S70. 

Bloodworth, Timothy ; was born in North Car- 
olina; was a Representative in Congress from North 
Carolina in ITiHI and 1791; a Senator of the United 
States from 1795 to 18(11; was one of those who voted 
for locating the seat of Government on the Potomac. 
Died August 24, 1814. 

Bloom, Isaac ; was elected a Re])resentative from 
Niw York to the Eighth Congress, but died in 180;{, 
before taking his seat. 

Bloomfleld, Joseph ; was Ijorn in the town of 
Woodhridge, Jliddlesex County, New Jersey; .studied 
law until 1775, when he became an active friend of 
the Revolution; was afterwards Attorney-General for 
New .Tersey; Governor ot that State from 1801 to 
1812; was ap])ointed a Brigadier-General by Presi- 
dent Ma<lison; was a Representative in Congress IVom 
New Jersey from lsl7 to 1.^21. As Chairman of the 
Committee on Revolutionary Pensions, reported the 
lull granting pensions to soldiers of the Revolutionary 
Army; resided in Burlington, New .Jersey, for many 
vears before his death. Died in Burlington, October 
;i. 1823. 

Blount, James H.; was Ixnn near Clinton, 
Georgia, September 12, 1837: received a classical edu- 
cation, graduating from the University of Georgia, 
ill 1857; studied law; w,a.s admitted to the bar in 
18.59, and engaged in j)ractice ; settled at Macon, 
Georgia; was a member of the State Constitutional 
Convention of ls(i5; was elected a Ixepresentative 
from Georgia to the Forty-third Congress, and was re- 
elected to the Forty-fourth, Forty-tifth, Forty-sixth, 
Forty-seventh, Forty-eigbtli, and Forty-ninth Con- 
gresses. 

Blount, Thomas ; was born in North Carolina; 
wiis a General of Militia: was a Representative from 
his native state in the Twelfth Congress. Died in 
Wa.shington, February 9, 1812. 



Blount, William ; was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental ('(Uigress in 1782, 1783, 17^6, and 1787, from 
North Carolina; was Governor of the territory south 
of the Ohio, having licen api)ointed to that ollice in 
1790; in 1796 wa.s chosen President of the Convention 
of Tennessee; wa.s elected the same year, by that 
Stale, to a seat in the United States .Sen.ate, but wa.s 
expelled in 1797, for having, as it wa.s alleged, insti- 
gated th<: Creek aiul Cherokee Indians to assist the 
British in coniiuering the Spanish territories near the 
United States. ^Vllile his im]ieachment trial was in 
progress in the United States Senate he was elected 
a member of the State Senat« and made President 
thereof. Died at Knoxville, March 10, 1^10, aged 
fifty-si.x years. 

Blount, William G.; was a Rejiresentative in 
Congress, from Tennessee, from 1815 to 1819. Died 
Way 21, 1827. 

Blount, Willie; was Secretary to his brother 
AVilliam while Territorial Governor of Ohio; after- 
wards rcmo\ed to Montgomery County, Tennessee; 
was a member of the Legislature of that State; Gov- 
ernor from 1809 to 1815; a member of the State (jon- 
stitutional Convention in 1834. Died near Clarks- 
ville, Tennessee, September 10, 1835, aged sixty- 
eight. 

Blo^w, Henry T.; was born in Southampton 
County, Virginia. July 1.5, 1817; removed to Mis- 
souri in 1830: graduated at St. Louis University; de- 
voted himself to the drug and lead business; served 
four years in the State Senate; in 1861 was appointed, 
by I'resident Lincoln, Minister to Venezuela, which 
position he resigned in less than a year; in 1862 was 
elected a Representative from Missouri to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, ser\ ing on the Committee on Ways 
and Jleans; was also a Delegate to the Baltimore 
Convention of 1«()4; re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on A])propria- 
tion. Bankrupt Law and Reconstruction; in 1874 was 
appointed one of the Commissioners for the District 
of Columbia, which office he resigned in 1875. Died 
at Saratoga, New York, September 11, 1875. 

Bloxham, W. D. ; was born in Leon County, 
Florida. .July 9, 1836; gr.aduated at William and 
Mary College, Virginia, in Woli; wa.s admitted to the 
bar in 1857; ill-health prevented his practicing his 
profession, and he engaged in planting; w'as a Rep- 
resentative in the State Legislature in 1861; a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1868; wa-s elected Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor in 1870; was an unsuccessful candidate for 
Governor in 1.872; wiis a member of the Democratic 
State Committee in 187.5% was appointeil .Secrefary of 
the State in 1S77, and served four yeai-s; was elected 
Governor of Florida in 1880 for the term of four 
years, frcuu .January, 1881. 

Boardman, Elijah; was born in New Milford, 
ConiU'Cticut. March 7. 1760; became ;t succcsslul 
merchant; was freciuently a member of the Legisla- 
ture; was a nuMuber of the Council; was a Senator 
in Congress from Connecticut from 1821 to ls23. 
Died in Boardman, Ohio, October 8, 1823. 

Boardman, William W.; was liorn in New Mil- 
ford, Ccmnecticut. fk-tolier 10, 1791; graduated at 
Yale College in 1-<12; studied law at Litchticld and 
Cand)ridge, and practiced with success; wa.s at one 
time .Judge of Probate; forseveral years in the State 
Legislaturo and .Speaker of the Hou.se: wius a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Connecticut li'om 1841 
U) ls4;i. 

Boarman, Aleck; was born at Tazoo City, 
Missi.s.sippi, Dec( luber 10, 1839; was educated in the 



46 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



comnioii-sfhools and at tlie Kentucky Military Insti- 
tute; was enji;ai{ed in tlie study of law at the break- 
ing out of the Civil War; left his studies and served 
throughout the war as an officer in the Conl'ederate 
flrniy; began to practice law in 18G6; settled in 
Louisiana; was a Representative from that State to 
the Forty-second Congress lor the unexpired term of 
James McClcary, deceased; was Judge of the State 
District Court for one term; was then, in IMSl, ap- 
pointed United States District Judge lor the Western 
District of Louisiana. 

Bockee, Abraham ; was born in the town of 

Is'ortheast, Dutchess County, New York, in 178:;; 
"wiLs a member of the State Legislature in 1820, a 
Representative in Congress from New York from IS^S) 
to l.s.'jl, and again from 1833 to 1837; a member of 
the State Senate from 1842 to 1845; also held the 
position, in 1846, of first Judge of the Dutchess 
County Court. Died at Ponghkeepsie, June 1, 1865. 

Bocock, Thomas S.; was born in Buckingham 
County, Virginia, in 181.5; graduated at HaniiMlen 
■Sidney College: adopted the profession of law; was 
Commonwealth Attorney for the County of Appo- 
mattox in 1845 and 1846; for several .sessions a mem- 
ber of the Virginia House of Delegates; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1847 to 1861, serving for 
some years as Chairman of the Committee on Naval 
Affaii-s; took part in the Rebellion of 1861 as a mem- 
ber of the "Confederate " Congress; was a Delegate 
to the New York Convention of 1868. 

Boden, Andre-w; was ' orn in Carlisle, Pennsyl- 
vania; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1817 to 1821. 

Bodle, Charles; was a Representative in Con- 
gress fiom New Y'ork from 1833 to 1835. Died in 
New York city, in 1836. 

Boerum Simon ; was a Delegate from New York 
to the Continental Congress, from 1774 to 1777. 

Boggs, L. W.; was Governor of Missouri from 
1836 to 1840. 

Bogy, Le'wis V.; was born in St. Genevieve, 
Missouri; April 9, 1813; was descenned from the 
■early French pioneers; was educated in the common 
.schools; in early lite was a clerk; afterwards studied 
law in Illinois, and then at the Law School in Lex- 
ington, Kentucky, where he graduated in 1835, and 
•commenced practice at St. Louis; was several times 
elected to the State Legislature; was Commissioner 
of Indian Atiairs in 1867 and 1868; while practicing 
lav\' devoted much of his time and means to develop- 
ing the mineral resources of his native State; was one 
•of the projectors and friends of the St. Louis and Iron 
Mountain Railroad, of which he was for two years 
President; was elected to the United States Senate 
for the term commencing in 1873 and ending in 1879, 
-serving on the Committees on Indian Ali'airs, Land 
Claims, and Kducatiou and Labor. Died in 1877. 

Bokee, David A.; was born in New York, Oc- 
tober 6, 1805; was a Representative in Congress from 
■New York from 1849 to 1851, serving on tlie Com- 
mittee on Indian Atiiiirs; his last public position w:is 
that of Naval Officer of the port of New York, under 
I'resident Fillmore. Died in Washington, M irch 16, 
1860; was on a visit to that city, and was found dea<l 
in his room. 

Boker, G-eorge Hem-y; was born in Philadel- 
phia in 1823; graduated at Princeton College in 1842; 
■studied law, but never practiced. After a tour in 



Europe returned to Philadelphia, and published 
"The Lesson of Life and other Poems," in 1847; 
"Calaynos," a tragedy, in 1848, successfully per- 
formed in London; "Anne Boleyn," " Leonor de 
Guzman," "Francescade Rimini," "The Betrothal," 
"The Widow's Marriage," a comedy, and some 
minor poems aud plays; was appointed Minister to 
Turkey in 1871, aud in 1875 was transferred to the 
more important mission of Russia. 

Boles, Thomas ; was born near Clarksville, John- 
son County, Arkan.sjis, July 16, 1837; worked on a 
farm until his twentieth year, teaching school tor a 
part of three years; in 1859 and 1860 was Deputy 
Sherift' and Deputy Clerk of the Yell County Court; 
studied law, and came to the bar in the latter year; 
in 1863 and 1864 served as a Captain in the Union 
Army, experiencing many trials trom ill-health and 
military arrests; in 1865 was chosen Judge of the 
Fourth Judicial District of Arkansas, which position 
he resigned early in 1868; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Arkansas to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on the State Department. Re- 
elected to the Forty-fii'st Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the District of Columbia and the 
Militia. 

Bond, Hugh Lennox; was born at Baltimore; 
Maryland, December, 16, 1828; removed with his 
parents to New York City in early life, his father 
being then the editor of the Chrintian Adrocatc; gradu- 
ated from the University of the City of New York in 
1848, and went at once to Baltimore, Maryland, 
where he commenced the tudyoflaw; was admitted 
to the bar and entered upson the practice of law at 
Baltimon-. in 1860 was appointed, by the Governor, 
Judge of the Criminal Court of Baltimore, and in 
1861 was elected to the same position; served until 
1868, when, by the adoption of the new State Con- 
stitution, his term expired; by his firmness and mod- 
eration during the trying occurrences incident to the 
war, he won high commendation; was a leader in the 
advocacy of the enlistment of slaves for service in the 
army; when the National Government appointed 
certain military tribunals for the trial of citizens of 
Maryland, the State not being under martial law, 
Judge Bond charged the Grand Jury to endict the 
members of such ifnlawful tribunals; was prominent 
in the movement for the education of the freedmen; 
in 1870 wa.s i>;)pointed, by President Grant, United 
States Circuit Judge for the Fourth Judicial Circuit; 
soon after assuming the duties of his office was called 
upo n to preside in the famous " Ku Klux " trials: 
in 1876 the Supreme Court of South Carolina having 
imprisoned the m;mbersof the Presidential Electoral 
Board of the State, a writ of habeas corpus was sworn 
out for their release and made returnable before the 
United States Circuit Court; aftera hearing, in which 
the best legal talent of the country was engaged, the 
release of the Board was ordered on the ground that, 
in their capacity as Electors, they exercised a Fed- 
eral function and were, therefore, not amenable to 
State law in its performance. 

Bond, Shadrack; was born in Maryland; was 
a member of the first Legislative Council of Ohio in 
1799; w;is elected a Delegate to Congress from the 
Territory of Illinois from 1811 to 1815; was the fir-st 
Governor under the State Constitution. In 1814 was 
appointed Receiver of Public Moneys in Kaskaskia, 
Illinois. Died at Kaskaskia, April 13, 1832. 

Bond, William Key ; was born in St. Ma ya 
County, Maryland; emigrated toOhioin 1812; studied 
law and settled in the practice of the profession at 
Chillicothe, aud subsequently at Cincinnati; was at 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



47 



one time a Colonel of Militia; was a Kepreseiitative 
in Congress lioni Ohio from 1835 to 1841. Died at 
Cincinnati, February 17, 18(ii. 

Bonham, Milledge L.; was born in South Caro- 
lina; graduated at the College of that State in 1834; 
was a lawyer by profession; was elected a Represent- 
ative to the Thirty-fifth Congress from his native 
State, serving as a member of the Committee on 
Military Afl'airs; was re-elected to the Thirtj--sixth 
Congress, but withdrew in December. IHliO; was a 
JIajor-General of Militia, and served in Mexico at 
the head of a batallion of South Carolina troops; 
served as a Major-General in the Confederate Army 
in 1861; was Governor of South Carolina from 1862 
to 1864; was a Delegate to the New York Conven- 
tion of 1868. 

Boody, Azariah ; was born in New York; was 
elected a Representative from that State U> the Thirty- 
third Congress; resigned in October, 1853. 

Booker, George W.; was born in Patrick Coun- 
ty, Virginia, December 5, 1821; received a common 
.school education; studied law, and taught school; 
was .Justice of the Peace, and then Presiding Justice 
of Henry County Court, for ten years; supported the 
Government during the Kebellion; was elected to the 
House of Delegates of Virginia in 1865; was nomi- 
nated ;in 1868 as State Attorney-General, but de- 
clined the nomination; was elected to the Forty- 
lirst Congress, in 1869, as a Conservative; was re- 
elected to tlie Forty-second Congress. 

Boon, Ratliff ; was born in Franklin County, 
North Carolina, in 1781; was a Representative in 
Congress from Indiana from 1825 to 1827, and again 
from 1829 to 1839, otiiciating as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Public Lands during the Twenty-fourth 
Congress. Died in Louisiana, November 20, 1844. 

Boone, A. R.; was born in Davidson County, 
Tennessee, April 4, 1831; received a good education; 
studied law, chiefly by himself, and came to the bar 
in 1M51; in 1854 was elected a County .Judge for four 
years; re-elected, but resigned; in 1861 was elected 
to the Legislature, but resigned and returned home, 
where he remained until the close of the war; in 1868 
was elected Judge of the lirst District of Kentucky, 
liolding the position for six years; in 1874 was elected 
a Representative from Tennessee to the Forty-fourth 
Congress; re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Boone, ■William F.; was born in Maryland; re- 
sided in Pennsyhania; was appointed an Associate 
.Justice of the United States Court for the Territory 
of New Mexico. 

Booth, Ne'wixjn ; was born in Salem, Indiana, 
December 2.'), 1825; graduated at the Asbiuy Univer- 
sity in 184G: studied law in Terre Haute, and came 
to the bar in 1850; in that year removed to C'ali- 
tbrnia, and engaged in the wholesale grocery business 
in Sacramento; during the period between 1857 and 
1860, was absent from California and practiced the 
profession of law in Terre Haute, Indiana; on re- 
turning to California, was elected to the State Senate 
in 1863; was elected Governor of the State in 1871, 
and served until March, 1874, when he resigned, hav- 
ing been elected a Senator in Congress from Cali- 
fornia for the term beginning in 1875 and ending in 
1881. 

Booth, "Walter ; was born in Woodbridge, New 
Haven County, Connecticut, December 8, 1791; after 
receiving a good school cduc;ition in New Haven set- 
tled in the town of Meriden; was for several years a 



merchant and manutacturer, and for eighteen years 
President of the Meriden Bank; was a member of the 
General Assembly and State .Senate; in 1834 was As- 
sociate Judge of the County Court; was Major-Cien- 
eral of Militia; was elected a member of the Thirty- 
first Congress, serving on the Committee on Public 
Expenditures. 

Borden, James "W.; was a citizen of Indiana; 
in 1858 was appointed a Commissioner, with power 
to negotiate a treaty with the Government of 
Hawaii. 

Borden, Joseph ; was a Delegate from New 
Jersey to the Colonial Congress held in New York in 
1765. 

Borden, Nathaniel B.; was born in Fall River, 
Ma.ssachusetts, April 15, 1801; was a member of the 
State Legislature in 1831, 1834, and 1851; was a Rej)- 
resentative in Congress from the Fall River District, 
in that state, from 1835 to 1839, and again from 1841 
to 1843, and was a member of the Committees on 
Electiims and Territories; a State Senatf>r from 1845 
to 1848. Died at Fall River, April 10, 1865. 

Boreman, Arthur Inghram ; was born in 
Waynesburg, Pennsyhania, July 24, 1823; when a 
child removed, with his father, to Western Virginia; 
received a common-school education; studied law, 
and, coming to the bar in 1845, commenced the prac- 
tice at Parkersburg; in 1855 was elected to the House 
of Delegates of Virginia, and was re-elected until 
1860; was also a member of the extra session of the 
Legislature in 1861, taking an active part against the 
secession movement; was President of the Wheeling 
Convention of 1861, to re-organize the government of 
Virginia; in October of that year; was elected a Judge 
of the Circuit Court, and held the otTice until 
1863, when he was elected Governor of West Vir- 
ginia; was twice re-elected, and was still in that 
office when elected a Senator in Congress from West 
Virginia, for the term commencing in 1869, and end- 
ing in 1875; served on the Committees on Manufac- 
tures and Territories. 

Boreman, Jacob E.; was born in Middletown, 
Tyler county, West Virginia, August 4, 1831 ; gradu- 
ated at Washington College, Pennsylvania, in 1853; 
studied law at the University of Virginia; came to 
the bar in 1855 and practiced at Parkersburg; in 18.58 
removed to Kansas City, Mis.souri; was elected City 
Attorney in 1861; assisted in raising troops for the 
war; in 1862 was appointed a Judge of Common 
Pleas, and elected to the same by the people; ran Ibr 
the Legislature in 1868 and w;is defeated; ran again 
in 1869 and was elected; subse(|uently punOiased an 
interest in the A"an-s«.s Ci/i/ Bulletin and became its 
editor; in 1873 was appointed an Associate Justice of 
the United States Court for the Territory of Utah. 

Borie, Adolph E.; was born in Philadelphia, in 
1809; graduated at the University of Pennsylvania, 
in 1825, ami completed his education in France. On 
his return to this lountry, embarked in mercantile 
pursuits, and was for many years a member of the 
firm of McKean, Borie & Co., engaged in the Ea.st 
India trade. Though not an active politician, he 
was one of the originators, and moneyed supporters, 
of the Union League in Philadel]>hia, and was elected 
Vice-President of that body; on March 5, 1869, w;us 
appointed, by President Grant, to a seat in the Cabi- 
net as Secretary of the Navy; resigned June 22, 1869. 

Borland, Charles, Jr.; was born in Orange 
County, New York; was a member of the New York 



48 



BIOGRAPHICAL A N X A L S . 



Assfiiilily in 1,S'20; a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1S21 to 1823; was again elected to 
the Assembly in 1H36. 

Borland, Solon ; was born in Virginia; was edn- 
cated in North Carolina; served in the war with 
Mexico as a volunteer; was a Presidential Elector in 
1844; was a Senator in Congress, from Arkansas, 
from 1848 to 1853; was appointed, by President 
Pierce, Minister to Central America; also received 
fi-om President Pierce the appointment of Governor 
of the Territory of Xew Mexico, but declined; took 
part in the KelJellion of 1861 as a Brigadier-General, 
and belbre the State had seceded raised troops and 
captured Fort .Smith. Died in Texas, January 31, 
1864. 

Borst, Peter I.; was a Representative in Congress 
from Schciharie County. Xew York, from 182S) to 1831, 
and was a member ot the Committee on Expendi- 
tm-es in the Post Office Department. Died at Mid- 
dleburg, Xew York, November 14, 1848. 

Boss, John Li., Jr.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress li-om Rhode Island from 1815 to 1819. 

Bossier, Peter E.; was descended from an old 
French family of Louisiana; alter serving ten years 
in the State Senate, was elected a member of the 
Twenty-eighth Congress from that State. Died in 
Washington before the expiration of his term, April 
24, 1844. 

Boteler, Alexander R.; was Imrn in Shepherds- 
town, Jelferson County, Virginia, May 16, 1815; 
after going through an acadcmie course of studies in 
his native town, entered l'rini«ton College; graduated 
in 1835; was chielly dc\ol<Ml to rural and literary ]iur- 
suits; in 1852 and 1856 w;is on the Electoral tickets. 
Whig and American; in 18.");i was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Virginia to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
.serving on the Committee on Milit-ary Affairs; during 
a part ol'the Rebellion, served as a Representative in 
the so-called "Confederate" Congress; in 1875 was 
appointed a Commi.ssiouer to the Centennial Exhi- 
bition. 

Botts, John M.; was born in Dumfries, Prince 
William County, Virginia, September 16, 1802; re- 
moved, with his father, to Frcdericksliurg, and, sub- 
sequently, to Richmond: in 1811 lost Iiis parents at 
the contlagration of the Richmond Theatre, and was 
sent to a boarding-school; at the age of eighteen 
was admitted to the bar, practiced for si.K years, and 
then retired to a farm in Henrico County; served in 
the Legislature from 1833 to 183i), when he was elected 
a Representative in Congress from \'irginia, and oc- 
cupied that position until 1843; was also elected to 
the Thirtieth (_'ongress, and Avas Cliairman of the Com- 
mittee on ^lilitary Affairs; alterwards resumed tlie 
practi«-cof bis jirofcssion in Richmond, where he then 
resided; during tile Rebellion remained faithful to the 
Government of the United States; was a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866; 
wa-s one of those who gave bail for Jefferson Davis 
in 1867. 

Bovtck, Gabriel; was born at Fulton, New Y'ork, 
December 16, 1S28; graduated at Union College in 
1847; studied and practiced law; removed to Wis- 
consin in 1848; was Attorney-General of the State in 
1858 and 1859; was a Representative in the State 
Legislature in 186(1; entered the Union Army in 1861 
and rose to the rank of Colonel; was :i Delegate to 
the Democratic National Conventions of 1868 and 
1872; was again a member of the Assembly in 1874, 
and was Speaker; was defeated as a candidate for the 



Forty-fourth Congress; was elected a Representative 
from" Wisconsin to the Forty-tifth and Forty-sixth 
Congresses. 

Bouck, Joseph; was born in Xew York; was a 

Representative in Congress from that State from 1831 
to 1833, serving on the Committee on Imprisonment 
for Debt. 

Bouck, William C; was born in Schoharie 
County, New York, in 1786; was early electeil to 
town otHces; was appointed Sheriff of the county in 
1S12; was a member of the State A.ssembly in 1^13, 
1815, and 1817; State Senator in 182U; Canal Com- 
missioner from 1821 to 1840; Governor of the State 
from 1843 to 1845; in 1846 was a member of the Con- 
stitutional Convention; from l-<46 to 184!) was Assist- 
ant Treasurer of the United States in New Y'orkCity; 
the last ten years of his life were devoted to agricul- 
ture. Died at Schoharie, April 19, 1859. 

Boude, Thomas ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1801 to 1803. 

Boudinot, Elias; was born in Philadelphia, .May 
2, 1740; studied law. and became eminent in that 
]jrofession; at an early period of the Revolutionary 
War was appointed, by Congress, Commissary Gen- 
eral of Prisoners; in the year 1777 was chosen a mem- 
ber of Congress, and in 1782 was made President of 
that body; after the adoption of the Constitution en- 
tered the House of Representatives from Pennsyl- 
vania, where he continued from 17U0 to 179.t; tln'ii 
succeeded Rittenhonse as Director of the Jliut of tlie 
United States, an office which he resigned in the 
course of a few years; from that time lived at Bur- 
lington, New Jersey; devoted himself earnestly to 
biblical literature, and being ])Ossessed of an ample 
Ibrtune, made munirtccnt donations to various char- 
itable and theological institutions; the American 
Bible Society, of which he became President, was 
particularly an object of his bounty; he pnl)lislied 
scAeral books, and was devoted to Natural History. 
Died at Burlington, New Jersey, October 24, 1821. 

Bouldin, James "W.; was born in Virginia; was 
a R'eprcsentativc in Congress from Virginia from 
1M33 to 1839, having been elected to the Twenty- 
third Congress in place of his brother, T. T. Bouldin, 
deceased. 

Bouldin, Thomas T.; was born in A'irginia; 
spent his youth in farming; adoptetl the protession 
of the law, and reached a high juilicial position; was 
a member of Congress from Virginia from 1S29 to 
1833; died in the Capitol at Washington, February 
11, 1834; he had been re-elected to the Twenty- 
third Congress, but died soon after entering upon his 
third term. On the day preceding his death he was 
censured, by a colleague, for omitting to call the atten- 
tion of the House to the death of his predeccssiu-, 
.John liaiulolph. and had risen to reply when he was 
.seized with paralysis, sank into a chair, and died 
immediately. Before entering Congress he had l)een 
a hiAvycr of high rank, and an able and upright 
Judge, highly respected for his talents and integrity. 

Bouligney, Dominique ; was born in Louisiana ; 
was a lawyer by profession; was a Senator in Con- 
gress from that State from 1824 to 1829, and died in 
1833. 

Bouligney, John Edmund; w.as born in New- 
Orleans, February 5. 1824; was of Creole descent; re- 
ceived a good education; held several otKces of trust 
in his native city, and was elected a Representative 
from Louisiana to the Thirty-sixth Congress; of the 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



49 



reprcsontatives of twelve millions of people, he was 
the only one who refused to abandon his State to the 
leaders of the secession movement, and continued in 
Congi(MS until the close of his term. Died in Wash- 
ington, of consumption, February '-iO, 1SU4. Domin- 
ique Bouliijney, Ibrmerly a Senator liom Louisiana, 
■was his uncle. 

Boul'ware, William; was a citizen of Virp;inia; 
in 1841 was appointed C/iarr/c il'Affuina to the Two 
Sicilies, where he remained until 1845. 

Bound, Franklin; was born at Milton, North- 
umberland County, Pennsj'lvania, in 1829; wa.s edu- 
cated in the common schools and at Milton Aciulemy; 
taught school tor a time; studied law at the Ea-ston, 
Pennsylvania, Law School; was admitted to the bar 
at Easton, in 1853, and engaged in the practice of 
law in his native town, where he continue<l to reside; 
was elected a State Senator in 1860, and served three 
years, declining a renomination; was a Delegate to 
the Republican Gubernatorial Convention of the State 
in 1864; was a Delegate to the Republican N:itional 
Convention of 1868; in 1884 was elected a Represent- 
ative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Bourne, Augustus O.; was born at Providence, 
Rhode Island. October 1, 1834; received his prepar- 
atory educjition in the public schools; gra<luated at 
Bro\vn University in 1855; engaged in the manufac- 
ture of India-rubber goods at Providence; in l.-<()7 
founded the National Rubber Company, of Bristol, 
Rhode Island, of which he became the executive 
head; in 1873 removed to Bristol ; in 1876 was elected 
State Senator, and was annually re-elected, without 
opposition, until 1883, when he was elected Governor 
of Rhode Island; was, tor many years, connected with 
the State Militia, serving in every capacity from 
private to Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Bourne, Benjamin; was a native of Bristol, 
Rhode Island, and was born about the year 1755; was 
educated at Harvard College, where he graduated in 
1775; wirs conspicuous for talents and learning, and 
spent a large part of his life in public and honoral)le 
employments; was a Representative in Congress from 
Rhode Island from 179U to 1796, when he resigiu'd, 
and M'as a])pointed Judge of the United States 
District Court of Rhode Island. Died September 17, 
1808. 

Bourne, Shearjasub ; was a graduate of Harv- 
ard College in 1764; was Chief Justice of the Court 
of Common Fleas for Suffolk County, Massachusetts; 
was a lie presentative in Congress from 1791 to 1795. 
Died in 1806. 

Boutelle, Charles A.; was bom at Damaris- 
cotta, Maine, February 9, 1839; removed to Bruns- 
wick, Maine, in 1848; received an academiceducatiou; 
entered the merchant marine service and rose to the 
command of a vessel; in 1862 entered the United 
States Navy as .Vcting Master; in 1864 was promoted 
Acting Lieutenant ''for "allant conduct in the action 
with the rebel ram AUjemarle;" commanded the 
United States sti'anier Nyanza, iissisting in the capture 
of Mobile, Alabama; at the close of the war w;is in 
command of the United St:ites naval forces in 
Mississippi Sound; resigned in 1866, and engaged in 
business. in New York City; in 187U returned to Maine 
ind became editor of the Bangor (Maine) Daili/ 
U'Jiig and Cvurhr, of which, in 1874, he became the 
principal owner; in 1875 became a member of the 
Republican State Committee, and continued in that 
position; was a Delegate to the National iiepublican 
Ct)Uveutiou of 1>^76; w;is a candidate lor Congress in 
1880, and greatly reduced the opposition majority, 



but failed of election; was elected a Represent:\tive 
from Maine to the Forty-eighth Congress, and was 
re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

BoutTvell, George S.; was born in Brookline, 

Norfolk County, Massachusetts, January 28, 1818; 
when a boy had some experience in farming; was in' 
the mercantile business, as apprentice, clerk, and 
proprietor, for twenty years; studied law, and came 
to the bar somewhat lat« in life; served seven years 
in the Massachusetts Legislature, between the years 
1642 and 1850; was a member of the Miussachusetts 
Constitutional Convention of 1853, and also of the 
Peace Congress of 1861; was a Bank Commissioner in 
1849 and 1850; was Governor of Massachusetts in 
1851 and 1852; Secretary of the Massachusetts Board 
of Education for five years ; member for six years 
of the Board of Overseers of Harvard College; was 
the first Commissioner of Internal Revenue, from 
July, 1862, to March, 1863; in 1862 was t-hv.irtX a, 
Representative from Massachusetts to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Judiciary Committee; 
re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on the Judiciary, Reconstruction, 
on a Bureau of Education and Free Schools in the 
District of Columbia; was a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866: re-elected to 
the Fortieth Congress, serving on his old Committees. 
A volume of his ''Speeches and Pap(!rs" was pub- 
lislied in 1867; in 1868 was one of the Managers of 
the Impeachment Trial of Andrew Johnson ; in March, 
1869, became Secretary of the Treasury, where he re- 
mained until March, 1873, when he entered the 
United States Senate, for the term ending in 1877. 

Bovee, Matthias J.; was born in New York, 

w;is a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1835 to 1837, serving on the Committee on Ex- 
penditures in the War Department. 

Bowden, Lemuel J.; was born in the North 
Neck of Virginia, in 1812; graduated at William and 
Mary College, was a lawyer by profession; served 
three sessions in the Virginia Legislature; was n 
member of the Convention for amending the State 
Constitution, in 1849; also of the Convention foi tlie 
same jjurpose in 1851; was a Presidential Elector iu 
18()1; suffered much in his estate, from the rebel 
armies, during the early part of the Rebelliou; 
while the Union troops were at Williamsburg, he 
did much for the comfort of the officers and men; iu 
1863 w;is elected a Senator in Congress trom Virginia, 
and served on the Committees on Pensions and Post 
Offices and Post Roads. Died in W;ishington City, 
January 2, 1864. 

Bovsrdoin, James ; was bom in Boston, Ma.ssa- 
chusetts, August 8, 17'27; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1745; in 1753 was a member of the General 
Court; in 1756 was State Senator and Councilor; in 
1769 was removed by the Governor from the position 
of Councilor, for his opposition to the Royal Govern- 
ment, and was at once elected Representative; wiis 
chosen Delegate to the Continental Congress, in 1774, 
but was prevented by illness from attending; in 1778 
was President of the Convention for forming a Con- 
stitution, and iu 1785 and 1786 was Governor of 
Miussachusetts; in 1788 was a member of the Convea- 
tion which adopted the Federal Constitution; while 
Governor, he suppressed the "Shaj's' Rebellion;" 
w;is one of the founders of and first President of the 
Academy of Arts and Sciences, from 1780 till his 
dciith, and bequeathed to it his valuable library ; 
aided in founding the Miissachusetts Humane So- 
ciety, and wius a benefactor of Harvard College; con- 
tributed to the Pii-rwi tt Gratiihili-i, on the accession of 
George 111. ; was the author of a volume of poems. 



50 



BIOGKA PIIICAL ANNALS. 



published in Boston in 1759; in 1785 was made LL.D. 
by the University of Ediubui'gh. Died in Boston, 
November 6, 17i)U. 

BDwdon, Franklin W.; was born in Alabama; 
was a Representative in Congress, from his native 
State, from 1846 to 1851; in 1852 removed to Texas, 
and engaged in the practice of the law. Died at 
Henderson, Texas, June 6, 1857. 

Bowen, Christopher Columbus ; was born in 
Ehode Island, .lanuary 3, 1832; removed to Georgia 
in 1850, and adopted the profession of tlie law; set- 
tled in Charleston, South Carolina, in 1862; was a 
(Delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 
1867; was elected a Representative from South Caro- 
lina to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Freedmen's Atfairs; re-elected to the Forty- 
tirst Congress, serving on the Committees on Freed- 
men's Affairs and Invalid Pensions; was subsequently 
elected Sheriff of the city of Charleston, South Caro- 
lina. 

Bo-wen, Henry; was born at Maiden Spring, 
Tazewell County, Virginia, December 26, 1841 ; was 
educated at Emory and Henry College, Virginia; en- 
tered the Confederate Army at the outbreak of the 
Civil War; was promoted to a Captaincy; w;us taken 
,prisoner in 1864 and confined in Fcut Delaware until 
the close of the war; was elected a Representati\c in 
the State Legislature in 1869, and re-elected in 1^71 ; 
was elected a representative from Virginia to the 
Forty-eighth Congress. 

Bo-wen, John H.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Tennessee, from 1813 to 1815. 

Bowen, Rees T.; was born in Tazewell County, 
Virginia. .lanuary 10, 1809; received an academic 
education; was a tarmer and grazier; was a Represent- 
ative in the Legislature of Virginia in 1863 and 1864; 
a magistrate for several years prior to the war; and 
the Presiding Justice of the County Court a portion 
of tile time; was elected to the Forty-third Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Manufactures. 

Bovren, Thomas M.; was born near Burling- 
ton. Iowa, in (.)ctolier. 1m35; received an academic 
education; studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
at the age of eighteen; was a kepresentative in the 
State Legislature in 1856, at the age of twenty-one; 
removed to Kausas in 1858 and took the free State 
•side of the great issue then pending in that territory; 
in 1861 entered the Union Army ;is Ca])tain; in 1862 
was promoted to a Colonelcy; served throughout the 
war, rising to the rank of Brevet Brigadier-General; 
at the close of the war settled in Arkansa.s; was Pres- 
iilent of the Constitutional Convention of' 1867 and 
1868; served four years as a Justice of the State Su- 
preme Court; resigned to accept the appointment of 
Governor of Idaho Territory in 1871; resigned the 
Governorship and returned to Arkansas, where he 
iwas defeated for United States Senator; removed to 
Colorado, where he sei-ved for four years as Judge of 
the Leadville District; was elected a United States 
Senator from Colarado for six years, li'om March 4, 
1883. 

Bo-wer, GustavusB.; was born in Virginia; was 
a ivepresentative in Congress, from Missouri, from 
1843 to 1845. 

Bowers, John M.; was a Reijresentative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1813 to 1814. 

Bowie, Oden; was born in Prince George Coun- 
ty, Marylanil, Novemiier 10, 1826; educated at St. 
M;'ry's College, Baltimore; his occupation was that 



of a farmer; was a Captain in the Mexican War; 
fre(jueutly ser\ed in the Assembly and Senate of the 
State; was Governor of Maryland from 1867 to 1871; 
President of the Baltimore and Potoniiw,' Railway 
Company from the time of its construction; was also 
President of the Baltimore City Passenger Railway 
Company. 

Bowie, Richard I.; was born in Georgetown, 

District of Columbia, .Tune 23, 1807; received a clas- 
sical education; was admitted to the bar in his nine- 
teenth year, and, subsequently to ])ractice in the Su- 
preme Court of the United States; in 1836 and 1837 
was elected to the Legislature of Maryland; in 1840 
was a Delegate to the Harrisburg Convention, called 
to nominate a President; was a Representative in 
Congress from 1849 to 1853. It is claimed by his 
friends that he made the first speech in the House of 
Rejiresentatives on the Compromise measures of 
1850. 

Bowie, Robert ; was a native of Maryland and 
a man of education; was Captain in the Second Bat- 
talion of the Maryland Flying Artillery in 1776; was 
Governor of Maryland from 1803 to 1805, and from 
1811 to 1812. Died in Maryland. 

Bowie, Thomas F.; was born at Queen Anne, 
Prince George County. Maryland, April 7, 1808: grad- 
uated at Union College, New York, in 1837; adopted 
the profession of the law; served as Deputy Attor- 
ney-General t()r Prince George County sixteen years; 
served three terms in the Legislature of Maryland; 
was elected a Representative from Maryland in the 
Thirty-fourth and Thirtj'-fifth Congresses; was a 
member of the Committee on the Disti'ict of Colum- 
bia. Died at Marlborough, Maryland, October 30, 
1869. 

Bowie, Walter ; was born in Maryland; was a 
member of the Maryland Convention of 1770; was a 
Representative in Congress Irom that State from 1802 
to 1805. 

Bowler, Metcalf ; was a Delegate from Rhode 
Island to tile Colonial Congress of 1765, held in New 
Yink. 

Bowlin, James B.; was born in Spottsylvania 
County, Virginia, in 1804; was reared a mechanic; 
obtained a common school education; after stuilying 
law, was admitted to the bar, in Greenbrier County, 
in 1>^27; in 1833 was removed to St. Louis, Missouri; 
in 1S34 was appointed Chief Clerk of the State House 
of Representatives, and in 1835 was elected a mem- 
ber of the Legislature; in 1837 was made District 
Attorney for St. Louis; soon after Attorney for 
the Bank of St. Louis; in 1839 was elected Judge 
of the Criminal Court; was a Representative in 
Congress, from Missouri, from 1843 to 1851 ; in 
1854 was appointed Minister Resident to New Gran- 
ada; in l'S5H w.as appointed, by President Buchanan, 
Commissioner to Paraguay. 

Bo^wman, George W.; was elected Govern- 
ment Printer for the United States Senate in 1860. 

Bo-wman, Selwyn Zadock; was born at Charles- 
town, Massachusetts, May 11, 1840; graduated at 
Harvard College in 1860; studied law, and engaged 
in its practice; was a member of the State House of 
Representatives in 1870, 1871, and 1875; was City 
Solicitor of Somerville, Massachusetts, in 1872 and 
1873; was a State Senator in 1876 and 1877; was 
elected a Representative from Massachusetts to the 
Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses; during 
his Congi-essional service he secured the passage of a 
law, known as " The Bowman .\ct,'' under the oper- 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



51 



ation of whicli Congress, and the Executive De])ait- 
ments, have been relieved of a large amount of labor 
in the investigation of certain classes of claims. 

Bo-wne, Obadiah ; was born in New York; was 
a Representative in Congress ftom that State from 
1651 to lf<53. 

Bowne, Samuel S.; was a member of the New 
York Assembly in 1834; a Representative in Congress 
from that State Irom 1S41 to 1H4:!; iu 1857 was .Judge 
of Otsego County; held various other positions of 
trust and honor, among them that of Deputy Collec- 
tor of the port of New York City. Died iu Otsego 
County, July 15, 18G5, aged seventy years. 

Boyce, "William W.; was born in Charleston, 
South Carolhui, October 24, 181!); wa.s educated at 
the South Carolina College aiul Virginia University; 
adopted the profession of the law; was a member of 
the Legislature of South C^irolina in 184'2; was a Rep- 
resentative iu Congress from 1853 to December, 18(!U, 
when he resigned ; took part in the Rebellion as a 
member of the "Confederate'' Congress; when re- 
elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress he served as a 
member of the Committee on Klections, and at the 
time of his leaving Congress w;us a member of the 
Committee of Thifty-three on the Rebellious States; 
.suljsequently set tied in Washington City, in the prac- 
tice of his profession. 

Boyd, Adam; was an acti\e supporter of the 
Revolution, and a man of strong natural ability; was 
a Representative in Congress lioni New .Jersey from 
1S03 to 1805, and again from 1808 to 1813. Died in 
Hackensack, New Jersey, at an advanced age. 

Boyd, Alexander ; was a Representiitive in Con- 
gress from New York from 1813 to 1815. 

Boyd, John H. ; was born in New York; in 1840 
was a member of the State Assembl}' from Wiushing- 
ton County; was a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1851 to 1853. Died at Whitehall, 
Kew York, July 2, 1868. 

Boyd, liinn ; was born in Nashville, Tennessee, 
Novenilier 22, 1800; his early advantages were lim- 
ited, but on arriving at man's estate he removed to 
Kentucky, entered politics, and in 1827 was elected 
to the Legislature of that State, from Calloway County, 
.serving three sessions; in 1831 was re-elected lor 
aiu)ther session from Trigg County; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from Kentucky from 1835 to 1837, 
and from 1830 to 1855; was Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Territories during the Thirtj'-first Congress, 
and during the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Con- 
gresses occupied the chair as Speaker of the House of 
Representatives; also served one term as Lieutenant- 
Governor of Kentucky; during his career in Congress 
he labored faithfully and constantly for his constitu- 
ents, and retired to private life with a high reputa- 
tion. Died in Paducah, Kentucky, December l(i, 
1859. 

Boyd, Sempronius H.; w;is bom in William- 
son County, Tennessee, May 28, 1828; received -^ 
good English education; adopted the profession of 
the law; in 1861 raised a regiment for the war, and 
became its commander; in 1862 was elected a Repre- 
Beutative from Missouri to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Indian Atfairs, 
and as Chairman of the Committee on Unfinished 
Business; subsequently resumed the priicticMi of his 
prolession; re-elected to the Forty -first Congress, and 
made Chairman af the Committee on Revolutionary 
Claims. 



Boyd, Thomas A.; was born in Adams County, 
Pennsvlvaiiia, June 25, 1830; received a clas,sical 
educaticm, graduating at Marshall fbllege, Penn- 
sylvania, in 1848; stndie<l law; was a<lmitte.d to the 
bar. and commence*! to practice at H<Mllbrd, Pennsyl- 
vania; removed to Illinois in ls.')(i; entered the 
Union Army in 18G1, and was comruissionwl Ciip- 
taiii; wius elected a State Senator in 1866, and re- 
elected in 1870; was elected a Representative from 
Illinois to the Forty-fifth Congress; \v;us re-elected to 
the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Hoyden, Nathaniel; was born in Franklin 
Township, Massachusetts. August 16, 1706; gradu- 
ated at Union College, New York, in 1820; in 1821 
removed to North Carolina; there taught school; 
studied law; was elected a number of times to the 
State Le-'islature; was iu Congress as a liepresentii- 
tive from' North Carolina from 1847 to 1>^9, and w;us 
a memlicr of the Committee on Expenditures in the 
Navy I)e|}artmeut; declined a re-election for the 
purpose of dcNoting his whole atteutiou to the 
practice of his profession ; in 1868 was elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Ventilation and Laws. 

Boyer, Benjamin M.; was born in Montgomery 
County, Pennsvlvania, January 22, 1823; giaduated 
at the' University of Pennsylvania in 1841; studied 
law and adopted' that profession; was District Attor- 
ney for his native county from 1848 to 1850; was 
elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
Thirtv-ninth Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Revohitionarv Pensions, the Militia, the War Debts 
of Loval States, and the New Orleans Riots;^ re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congiess, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Military Affairs; w;is a Delegate to the 
New Y'ork Convention of 1868. 

Boyle, Charles E. ; was born at Uniontown, 
Pennsvlvania, February 4, 1836; was educated in the 
public schools and at Waynesburg College, Pennsyl- 
vania; was editor of the Gfuius of Liberty newspaper 
from 1S56 to 1861; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1861 ; engaged in practice at Uniontown, 
was elected District Attorney lor Fayette County, in 
1862, and served three years; was elected a liepre- 
sentative in the State Legislature in 1865, and re- 
elected in 1866; was an uusuccessful candidate for 
Auditor-General in 1868; was, for several years, one 
of the State Managers of the Western Hospital, at 
Pittsburgh; was elected a Representative from Penn- 
sylvania to the Forty-eighth Congress, and was re- 
elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Boyle, John; was bom in Kentucky; was liber- 
ally educated ; was a lawyer by profession; was a 
Judge of the Supreme Court of Kentucky, also Chief 
Justice of the State, was a Representative in Con- 
gress lioni Kentucky from 1803 to 1809, when he was 
appointed Cfovernor of Illinois Territory; was a dis- 
tinguished and succes.sful lawyer and able Judge; 
died in Kentucky, January 28, 1834; during the 
eight years immediately preceding his death was 
Judge of the United States District Court for Ken- 
tucky, having been appointed by President Adams. 

Boyle, John W.; was bom in Pennsylvania; re- 
moved to Dakota, where he wa.s appointed an .As- 
sistant Justice of the United States Court for that 
Territory, residing at Yankton. 

Brabson, Reese B.; was born in Tennessee, w;is 
elected a Representative from that State to tin; Thir- 
ty-sixth Congress, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Invalid Pensions. Died iu Tennessee, in 
September, 1863. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Brace, Jonathan ; was born in Harrington, Con- 
nectieat, November 12, 1754; was a graduate of Yale 
College in 1779; was elected a Judge of Probate, 
Chief Judge of the Hartford County Court; was a 
Representative in Congress Irom 1798 to 1800; was 
also frequently in the State Legislature, at one time 
State Attorney for Hartford County, and for nine 
years Mayor of Hartford. Died at Hartford, August 
26, 1837. 

Brackenridge, Henry M.; was born in Pitts- 
burgh, Peiinsvlvauia, May 11, 178(5; was admitted to 
the bar at the' age of twenty, and began to practice in 
Somerset, Maryland; descended the Mississippi River 
in 1811 ; received the appointment of Deputy Attor- 
ney-General for the Territory of Orleans; w:is made 
District Judge at the age of twenty-three ; during the 
War of 1812 furnished important information to the 
Government; afterwards wrote a History of the War, 
which was translated into French and Italian; advo- 
cated the independence of the South American Re- 
publics; wrote a pamphlet addressed to President 
Monroe, which was re-published in England and 
France, and was replied to by the Spanish Minister, 
as it was supposed to express the views of the Ameri- 
can Government; was a Commissioner to the South 
American Republics from 1817 to 1819, and published 
" Vo.yage to South America" on his return; in 1821 
went to Florida with General Jackson, and was made 
Alcalde of Pensacola; was then appointed Judge of 
the Western District, which office he held ten years; 
removed to Pittsburgh in 1833, and, in 1841, was a 
Commissioner under the treaty with Mexico; in 1834 
published '■Recollections of Persons and Places in 
the West;" in 1847 a series of letters in favor of the 
Mexican War; and, in 1859, a "History of the West- 
ern Insurrection;" was also the author of a "Jour- 
nal of a Voyage up the Missouri River." Died in 
Pittsbiu-gh, January 18, 1871. 

Bradbury, George ; was born in Portland, then 
called Falmouth, Massachusetts, in 1770; graduated 
at Harvard College in 1789, and immediately com- 
menced the study of law; established himself in the 
practice at Portland, now in Maine. From 1801) to 
1810 was a member of the State Legislature, and also 
in 1811 and 1812; in 1812 was chosen to rejiresent 
the Cumberland District, Massachusetts, in Congress, 
as successor to William Widgery, whose vote on and 
support of war measures rendered him unpopular 
;With his constituents. Mr. Bradbury received the 
approbation of a second election in 1814. Alter this 
service returned to his profession, which he pursued 
to the time of his death; was Associate Clerk of a 
Court in Portland from 1817 to 1820; a State Senator 
in 1822. Died at Portland, November 7, 1823. 

Bradbury, James "W".; waS born in Maine, in 
1805; graduated at Bowdoiu College in 1825; adopted 
the profession of the law; was a County Attorney 
ftom 1834 to 1838; a Presidential Elector in 1844; 
was a Senator in Congress fr-om Maine from 1847 to 
1853, serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Printing. 

I Bradbury, Theopbilus ; was born in that por- 
tion of Newbury, now Newbury port, in 1739; gradu- 
ated at Harvard University at tlie age of eighteen; 
studied law, and practiced in Falmouth, Maine, until 
1779, when he returned to his native town; after 
filling several local offices, was chosen to represent 
the E-ssex District in Congress from 1795 to 1797, 
when he resigned; was a Presidential Elector in 1801, 
about six years before his death, which occurred 
September (i, 1803, he was appointed a Judge of the 
Supreme Court of Massachnsetts. 



Bradford, Allen A.; was born m Friendship, 
Lincoln County, Maine, July 23, 1815; pas.sed his 
boyhood on a farm; received a common school and 
academic education; emigrated to Missouri m 1841, 
where he studied law, and came to the bar in 1843; 
in 1845 was elected Clerk of theCii-cuit Court of Atch- 
ison County, which office he held for five years;; 
in 1851 removed to Iowa; in 18.52 was appointed 
Jud^e of the Sixth Judicial District of that State, 
which office he resigned in 1855; during the latter 
vear removed to the Territory of Nebraska; was a 
member of the Legislative Council of the Territory in. 
1856. 1857, and f858; in 1860 settled in Colorado; 
in 1802 was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court 
of that Territory, which position he held until elected 
a Delegate from Colorado to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress; was a member of the National Committee ap- 
pointed to accompany the remains of President Lin- 
coln to Illinois; re-elected to the Forty-first Congress. 

Bradford, Augustus W.; was born in Mary- 
land; in 1802 was elected Governor of that State, 
serving as such until 1866. 

Bradford, Edward G-.; was born in Maryland; 
adopted the profession of the law; settled at Wil- 
mington, .Delaware; in 1871 was appointed United 
States Judge for the District of Delaware. 

Bradford, Taul; was born at Mardisville, Talla^ 
dega County, Alabama, January 20, 1835; attended 
school there, and in DeKalb County; entered the 
University of Alabamaat the ageof sixteen, and gra<l- 
uated at the age of nineteen; practiced law from the 
age of twenty, excepting during the Civil War, when 
he served in the Confederate Army; in 1871 was 
elected to the Alabama Legislature, and served two- 
.sessions; in 1874 was elected a Representative from 
Alabama to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Bradford, "William ; was born at Plympton^ 

Massachusetts, November 4, 1729; studied medicine, 
and established himself in the practice at Warren, 
Rhode Island; after wards removed to Bristol ; turned 
his attention to the law, and became one of the most 
distinguished civilians of that State; took an active 
part in the cause of his country d'.iring the Revolu- 
tion, and afterwards held many important stations; 
was Lieutenant-Governor of the St;ite; was a member 
of the United States Senate from Rhode Island, from 
1793 to 1797, when he resigned ; Wiis President pro 
tern, of the Senate during a part of the Fifth Congress. 
Died July 6, 1808. 

Bradford, William; was born in Philadelphia, 
September 14, 1755: graduated at Princeton in 1772, 
with high honors; was eng.aged in the study of law 
at the outbreak of the Revolution; entered the army 
as Major of Brigade to C4eneral Roberdeau; next 
commanded a company of regular troops under Col- 
onel Hampton; was then appointed Deputy JIuster-. 
Miuster-General, with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, 
which office ill-health compelled him to resign after 
serving two years; returned to the study of law, and 
in 1779 was admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court 
of Pennsylvania; in August, 1790, was appointed 
Attorney-General of the State; in 1791 was commis- 
sioned as Judge of the Supreme Comt, which office 
he held until 1794, when he was appointed Attorney- 
General of the United States; in 1793 published an 
" Inquiry how far the Punishment of Death is 
Necessary in Pennsylvania," with notes and illustra- 
tions; in the earlier periods of his life. Some of his 
poetical productions were published in the P/iila- 
(Irlyhia Magazine. Died August 'M. 1795. 



BIOCrRAl'HlCAL ANNALS. 



I 



Bradley, Abraham, Jr.; was born in Connecti- 
cut; was appointed As:>istant Po.stmaster-General in 
1817, holding the oltiee about one year. 

Bradley, Ed-ward, wa-s born in East Bloomfield, 
Ontario County, New Yorlc, in April, 1808; pa.-ised 
liis Iwyhood on a farm; wlien twenty-eight years of 
age was appointed Associate Judge of the Common 
Pleas of his native county; in 1839 removed to 
Jlichigan and engaged in the practice of law; in 1812 
was elected to tlie Senate of Michigan ; was a Rep- 
resentative from that State to the Thirtieth Congress. 
Died in New York City, August 5, 1847, while' on a 
tour for the benefit of bis health. 

Bradley, James; was a resident of Indiana; 
■was ajipointed au A.ssociate Justice of the United 
States Court for the Territory of Nebraska. 

Bradley, Joseph P.; was born in Berne, Albany 
County, New York, March 14, 1813; at the age of 
sixteen taught scliool; graduated at Kutgers College, 
New Jersey, in 1830; taught an ac;idemy at Mill- 
stone: studied law. and came to the bar of that State 
in 18;!!); practiced the profession at Newark from the 
time of his admission until his appointment as As- 
sociate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United 
States, Jlarch 21, 1870; never took much part in 
politics: was, however, a Presidential Elector in 1868; 
was formerly a Whig, but became a moderate Reinib- 
lican; :ilthough he was never identified with the 
■anti-slavery movement, zealously supported the Gov- 
•erumeut during the Rebellion. His grandfather 
served as au oificer in the Revolutionary War, and 
his father in the War of 1812. 

Bradley, Le^wis R.; was born in Osage County, 
Virginia, February 18, 180.5; received a good com- 
mon-school education; emigrated to Missouri in 1845, 
and settled in Howard County; in 18.52 removed to 
California and settled in San Francisco; in l^^fjO was 
elected to the State Legislature; in 1866 remo\ed to 
Nevatla; in 1870 was elected Governor of th;it State, 
and re-elected in 1874 by agreatly increased majority. 

Bradley, Nathan B.; was born in Lee, Berk- 
shire County. Massachusetts, May 28, 1831; removed 
to Lorain County. Ohio, in 1635, and settled on a 
farm; apprenticed himself to learn the trade of a 
clothier, and served the term of three years; at the 
age of nineteen went to Oshkosh, Wisconsin, and 
spent a year in tlie employ of lumber manufacturers; 
returned to Ohio, then went back to Michigan to en- 
gage in his vocation of manufacturing lumber; was 
elected a Justice of the Peace three terms; a Super- 
visor one term; an Alderman three terms; was the 
liret Mayor of Bay City, declining a re-nomination; 
was a candidate for the Lower House of the Legis- 
lature; elected to the State Senate in 18(;(;, but 
declined a re-nomination; w;is elected to the Forty- 
third and Forty-fourth Congresses, serving on the 
Committee on Public Lands. 

Bradley, Phineas ; was born in Connecticut; in 
1818 w;is app:)inted an Assistant Postmaster-Gen- 
eral. 

Bradley, Stephen Roe; w;is horn in Walling- 
ford, Connecticut, February 20, 1754; graduated at 
Tfale College in 1775; was a, lawyer by profession; 
was a (Jeneral of Militia, the intimate friend of Gen- 
eral Ethan Allen, and the .\id of (ieneial Wooster, 
whe.i that officer fell in a skirmish with the enemy; 
was tlie first Senator from Vermont in the Congress 
of the United States, serving from 17111 to 1705, and 
from 1801 to 1813; a man of eminent ability, but of 
eccentric babitd. Duriug a part of the Seventh and 



Tenth Congresses officiated as President pro lem. of 
the Senate. Died in New Hampshire, December 9, 
1830. 

Bradley, 'WilUam C; was born at Westmin- 
ster, Vermont, March 23, 1782; entered Yale Col- 
lege; was compelled to leave when a freshman, in 
1796, and yet, in 1817, the Corporation of the Insti- 
tution surprised him with the degree of M. .\. ; stud- 
ied law with his father, .Stephen K. Bradl(!y, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1802. The public positions 
Iield by him are as follows: from 1800 to 1803, Sec- 
retary of Commissioners of Bankruptcy; from 1804 to 

1811, State's-Attorney for Windham County, and 
part of this period Clerk of Westminster; in 1806 and 
1807, Representative in the State L(-gislature: in 

1812, member of the State Council; a Keprc.sentative 
in Congress from 1813 to 1815; from 1817 to 1822, 
agent of the United States under the Tre.;ity of (ihent; 
again in Congress from 1823 to 18:J7; in 1850 again 
in the State Legislature; in 1856 a PresidiMitial Elec- 
tor; in 1857 a member of the State Constitutional 
Convention ; in 1858 took formal leave of the bar, at 
which he had practiced for fifty-four years, conferring 
honor upon his native State and bearing a spotless 
reputation as a man. Died at Westminster, Ver- 
mont, March 3, 1867. 

Bradsha-w, Samuel C; was born in Plumstead 

Towuship. Bucks County, Pennsylvania, June 10, 
1809; received a common schrwl education; studied 
medicine, and graduated at the Pennsylvania Medi- 
cine College in 1833; was a Representative from his 
native State to the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Brady, James D.; was born at Portsmouth, Vir- 
ginia, April 3, 1843; was educated in the common 
schools and in pri\ate schools; in 1855, at the age of 
twelve .years, was left an orphan, and in 1858 secured 
a clerkship in New York City, which he retained un- 
til April, 1861, when he resigned to enlist in the 
Union Army; served throughout the Civil War, ris- 
ing, through all the intermediate grades, to the rank 
of Colonel, which, at the age of twenty-two, he held 
when mustered out of service at the close of the war, 
in 1865; probably the youngest officer of that rank in 
the service; tlvree years of his service were passed in 
the Adjutant-Generars, Judge-Advocate's, and In- 
spector-General's Departments of the Army; after 
leaving the Army he settled at Petei-sl)ui'g, Virginia, 
in the wholesale and retail grocery business; in 1866 
sold out lus business and w.as appointed Naval Store- 
keeper at the Gosport Navy Yard; was, for a time, 
Chief .\ccountant at that Navy Yard; in 1870 was 
elected Clerk of the Courts at Portsmouth, Virginia, 
.serving until 187(); was then appointed a Si)ecial 
Inspector of Customs; in 1877 was ajipointed United 
State's Collector of Internal Kevenuj- lor the Second 
Virginia District; was tendered the ])osition of Clerk 
of the Court of Appeals of the State, but declined; 
in 1880 and 1884 was a Delegate to the Republican 
National Conventions: has been a prominent member 
of all State Republican Conventions in Virginia since 
the close of the war: was, for fi\e years. Secretary, 
and four years Clhairman of the State l><publican 
Committee; in 1884 was elected a Representative 
from Virginia to the Forty-ninth Congress, and re- 
signed the CoUectorship. 

Brady, Jasper E.; was born in New Jersey; w:is 
a Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania 
from 1817 to 1849; .subse<|Uently settled in the 
practice of the law at Pittsburg, Penn.sylvania, and 
afterwards in Washington City, was long a clerk in 
one of the Government departments. Died in Wash- 
ington, January 23, 1870. 



54 



KIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Brady, Thomas J.; was born at Muncie, In- 
diana, February 12, 1839; recehed a common school 
education; taught school for several years in JIuncie 
and \dcmity; studied law, and was admitted to the 
bar in 1860; entered the Union Army, in 18G1, as 
Captain; was promoted Major in 1862, and to a 
Colonelcy in 1863; served throughout the .Civil War, 
and was mustered out of service with the last regi- 
ment, in 18(io, as Brevet Brigadier-General, " for 
long and meritorious service;" resumed the practice 
of law at iMuncie, Indiana, and became the publisher 
of the Miiiiriv Wivldji Times; in 1870 was appointed 
United States Consul at St. Thomas, AVest Indies; in 
1874 was made Chairman of the Republican State 
Central Committeeof Indiana; in 1 _<75 was appointed 
Supervisor of Internal Revenue; in 1876 was ap- 
pointed Second Assistant Postnuistcr General of the 
United States, and served until 1881, when he re- 
signed. 

Bragg, Edward S.; was born at Unadilla, New 
York, February -20, 1827; received a collegiate edu- 
cation; studieii law; was admitted to the bar in 
1848; removed to Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, and com- 
menced the practice of law in 18.50; was elected Dis- 
trict Attorney in 18,34 ; was a Deleg.ate to the Demo- 
cratic National Convention at Charleston in 1860; 
served in the Union Army from 1861 to 1865, rising 
to the rank of Brigadier-General; was .appomted 
Postmaster of Fond du Lac in 1866; was a State Sen- 
ator in 1868 and 1869; was a Delegate to the Demo- 
cratic National Convention of 1872; was elected a 
Representative from AVisconsin to the Fort.y-tifth, 
Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses; was also 
elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Bragg, John; was born in North Carolina; w.is 
a Representative in Congiess fi-om Alabama from 1851 
to 18.53. 

Bragg, Thomas; was born in Warrenton, War- 
ren County, North Carolina, November 9, 181t); was 
chiefl.y educated at the Military Academy at Jliddle- 
town, Connecticut; studied law, and commenced 
practice in 1831 ; in 1842 was elected to the Assembly 
of his State; in 1853 was a Presidential Elector; was 
Governor of North Carolina for two terms, from 1855 
to 1859; was elected a Senator in Congress for the 
term commencin.g in 1859, serving on the Committees 
on Public Lauds and Claims; was expelled fi-om the 
Senate in Julv, 1861, having previously taken ])art in 
the Rebellion as Attorney tJeneral of the so-called 
Confederate States. Died in Raleigh, January 21, 
1872. 

Brainerd, Lawrence ; was a Senator in Con- 
gress from Vermont, during the session of 1854 and 
1855, for the unexpired term of William Uphaui, de- 
ceased; was for many years a leading business man in 
the to\vn of St. Albans. 

Brainerd, Samuel M.; was born in Erie County, 
Pennsylvania, Novcmlier 13, 1842; received an aca- 
demic education; studied law; was admitted to the 
bar in 1869. and settlril at Erie, rennsylvania, in the 
practice of his profession; was elected District Attor- 
ney of Erie County in 1872 and serveil three years; 
was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to 
the Forty-eighth Congre.ss. 

Bramlette, Thomas E.; was born in Cumber- 
Land County, Kentucky. .lanuarv :'>. t"'l7; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1837; was a memlier of tlie Legis- 
lature in 1841; was appointed Attorney for the Com- 
monwealth in 1848; resigned this position in two 
years, and resunu'd the practice of law; in 1856 was 
elected Judge of the Sixth Judicial District; in 1861 



resigned this office to enter the Federal Army a-s 
Colonel of the Thu-d Kentucky Infantry: w-is ap- 
pointed United States District Attorney, and resigned 
to accept the nomination for Governor; was elected, 
in 1863, for four years; afterwards removed to Louis- 
ville, and was one of the most successful lawyers iu 
that city. 

Branch, John ; was born in Halifax County, 
North Carolina, November 4, 1782; graduated at the 
University of North Carolina in 1801; studied and 
practiced 'law; in 1811 was elected a State Senator; 
re-elected every year until 1817; was then elected 
Governor of the State; again entered the State Sen- 
ate in 1822; served in the United States Senate from 
1823 to 1829; wtis in the latter year appointed Secre- 
tary of the Na\'y, by President Jackson. On his re- 
turn home fi-om Washin.gton, in 1831, was elected to 
a seat in Congress as Representative from North Car- 
olina; in 1834 was again elected to the State Senate; 
in 183.5 was elected a member of the Convention to 
revise the State Constitution; in 1843 was appointed 
Governor of the Territory of Florida; after which 
service he retired to private life, to enjoy in peace the 
love and respect of his many friends. Died at En- 
field, North Carolina, January 4, 1863. 

Branch, La-wrence O'Brien; was born in North 
Carolina in 1820; graduated at Princeton College in 
1838; was a lawyer by profession; was elected a Rep- 
resentative fi-om North Carolina to the Thirty-fourth 
Congress, and re-elected to the Thirty-fifth and Thir- 
ty-sixth Congresses, ser\'ing as a member of the Com- 
mittees on Territories ancl on Foreign Affairs; took 
part in the Great Rebellion as a General, and was 
killed at the battle of Sharpsburg, September 17, 
1SU2. 

Brandebury, L. G-.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was appointed from tliat State Chief Justice of the 
United States Court for the Territory of Utah, re- 
siding in Salt Lake City. 

Brandegee, Augustus; was born in New Lon- 
don, Connecticut, July 15, 18-28; graduated at Yale 
College in 1849, and at the Yale Law School in 1851 ; 
adopted the ijrofession of the law; was elected in 1854, 
1858, 1859, and 1861, a member of the Connecticut 
Legislature; was chosen Speaker in the latter year; 
in 1861 was a Presidential Elector; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Connecticut to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, ser\'ing as a member of the Committees on 
Na\al Affau-s and Expenditures on Public Buildings, 
and also as Clvairman of a Special Committee on the 
Air-line Railroad from Wash ngton to New York; 
was a Delegate to the Baltimore Convention of 1864; 
re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Naval Aftairs, Revolutionary Pen- 
sions, and the Postal Railroad to New York; was a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia ' 'Loyalists' Convention' ' 
of 1866. 

Brandon, George C; was Governor of Jligsis- 
sippi from 1827 to 1831. 

Bratton, John; was born at Winnsboro', Fair- 
field County, South Carolina, March 7. 1831; received 
an academic education at Mount Zion Institute, 
Winnsboro' ; graduated at the South Carolina College 
iu 1850; studied medicine and took a medical diploma 
at the South Carolina Medical College at Charleston, 
in 18.53; enlisted in the Confederate Army in 1861; 
served throughout the war, attaining the rank of 
Brigadier-General; was a member of the State Con- 
stitutional Convention in 1865; was a member of the 
State Senate in 1866 ; was Chaii-man of the South Car- 
olina delegation to the Democratic National Conven- 
tion in 1876, and a member of the Democratic State 



BI0C4RAPHICAL AXNALS. 



55 



Committee tlie same year; was a Delegate from Soutli 
Carolina to the Dimocratic Natioual Convention at 
Cincinnati in ISHd, ami Chairman of the Democratic 
State Commiltei- that yp:ir; in 1H81 was elected, by 
the Legislatnre, Comptroller-Ceneral of the State of 
South Carolina, to (ill a vacancy; in November, 1884, 
was elected a Representative from South Carolina to 
the Forty-eighth Congress, to lill the unexpired term 
of Hon. John H. Evins, deceased. 

Braxton, Carter ; was born on the Mattapony 
River, Virginia, September 10, 1736; graduated at 
the College of William and Mary; inheriting a large | 
fortune, spent three years in England; in ITlid was 
elected to the House of Burge.sses, in which ho was 
conspicuous; was Sheriff of King and (Jueen County 
for a time; on the commencement of the war was a 
member of the Committee of Safety; was a Delegate 
from Virginia to the Continental Congress in 1770, 
and signed the Declaration of Independence; after 
that service, frequently served in the Virginia Legis- 
lature; having lost his large property by the war, 
was subse<(uently greatly perplexed in his financial 
circumstances. Died at Richmond, Virginia, of par- 
alysis, October 10, 1797. 

Braxton, Elliott M.; was born in Matthews 

County, Virginia, October 8, 1823; received a com- 
mon school education; adopted the profession of the 
law; was elected to the State Senate in 1851, and re- 
elected in 1853; was elected to the Common Council 
of Fredericksburg in 1806; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Virginia to the Forty-second Congress. 

Brayman, Mason ; was Governor of the Terri- 
tory of Idaho from 1876 to 1880. 

Brayton, "William D.; was born in Warwick, 
Kent County, Rhode Island, November 6, l8l5; was 
educated at Brown University; ill-health preventing 
him from following a sedentary profession, entered 
into active mercantile pnr.suits; held the position, 
for some time, of Town Clerk; in 1841 was elected 
to the State Assembly, serving two terms; alter serv- 
ing for two years in the Town Councils, part of the 
time as President, was, in 1848, elected to the State 
Senate; again elected to the State Assembly in 1851; 
in 1855 was, a second time, elected State Senator; was 
Presidential Elector in 1856; was elected a member 
from Rhode Island to the Thirty-filth and Thirty- 
sixth Congresses, serving on the Committee on I'at- 
ents, and as Chairmanof the Committee on Expendi- 
tures on the Public Buildings; in 1864 was Collector 
of Internal Revenue in Warwick, Rhode Island. 

Brearly, David ; was Lieutenant-Colonel in the 
Revolutionary Army and a brave ofiicer; was a mem- 
ber of the State and Federal Constitutional Conven- 
tions of New Jersey; Chief .Instice in that State for 
nine years; in 1789 was appointed United States 
Judge for the District of New .lersey. Died in 
Trenton, Kew Jersey, August 16, 1790, aged ibrty- 
four. 

Breathitt, John ; was born near New London, 
Virginia, September 9, 1786; removed, with his 
father, to Logan County, Kentucky, in 180U; was a 
surveyor and school teacher; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 18111; was several years in the 
Legislature; was Lieutenant-Governor from 18:28 to 
1832; was Governor of Kentucky from 1832 to 1834, 
and was a warm supporter of Jackson for the Presi- 
dency. Died at Frankfort, Kentucky, February 21, 
1834^ 

Breck, Daniel; was born near Boston, Massachu- 
setts, in 17^-^; graduated at Dartmouth College in 
1812- studied law; removed to Kentucky in 1814; 



soon after commenced the practice of his profession 
theie; his tirst public position in Kentucky was that 
of .ludge of a County Court; in 1821 was elected to 
the State Legislature; was re-electetl for live years; 
from 1835 until 1840 was ['resident of the Branch 
Bank of Kentucky at Richmond; in 1840 was a Pres- 
idential Elector; in 1843 was appointed Judge of the 
Supreme Court of Kentucky; was a Representative 
in Congress from Kentucky from 1849 to 1851, and 
was ft member of the Committee on M;inufactures; 
the degree of LL.D. was conferred upon him by the 
Transylvania University in 1843, and he attained tha 
title of Colonel in the Militia service; after leaving 
Congress resumed the office of Bank President. 

Breck, Samuel; was born in Boston, July 17, 
1771; was a Representative in Congress from Penn- 
sylvania from 1823 to 1825. Died in Philadelphia, 
September 1, 1862. 

Breckenridge, Clifton R.; was born at Lexing- 
ton. Kentucky, November 22, 1846; received instruc- 
tion at private schools until nearly sixteen years of 
age, when he entered the Confederate service; at the 
close of the Civil War engaged in business for two 
years, and then entered Washington College (now 
Washington and Lee University), where he remained 
three years, at the end of which time he was oim- 
pelled, by impaired eyesight, to relinquish his studies; 
engaged in cotton planting in Arkansas; also in the 
commission business at Pine Blutf, Arkansas; was 
elected a Representative from Arkansas to the Forty- 
eighth Congress ; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Breckenridge, James; was born near F'incastle, 
Botetourt Cimnty, Virginia, March 7, 1763; gradu- 
ated at William and Mary College in 1785; in 1781 
was a soldier in Colonel I'restou's Rifle Regiment 
under General Greene; Wiis admitted to the bar in 
1787, and became a successful lawyer; was a promi- 
nent leader of the old Federal party in the (ieneral 
Assembly of the State; was a member of the United 
States Congress from 1809 to 1817; was one of the 
originators of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, and 
with Mr. Jefferson, a founder of the University of 
Virginia. Died at Fincastle, August, 1846. 

Breckenridge, James D.; was born in .Tefl'cr- 
son County, Kentucky; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from' that State from 1821 to 1823. Died at 
Louisville, in May, 1849. 

Breckenridge, John; was a Virginian by birth; 
was the author and advocate of the celebrated " Res- 
olutions of 1798-9!)," in the Legislature of that State; 
emigrated to Kentucky; was elected United States 
Senator in 1801; was appointed Attorney-General of 
the United States, by President Jelfcrson, in .Jan- 
uary, 181)5, holding that otlice until .laniiary, 1806. 
Died at Lexington, Kentucky, December 14, 1806. 

Breckenridge, JohnC; was born near Lexing- 
ton, Kentucky, January 16, 1821; was educated at 
Centre College, Kentucky; spent a few months at 
Princeton College; studied law at the Transylvania 
Institute, and was .admitted to the bar at Lexington; 
emigrated to Burlington, Iowa, where he renuiined 
for a time, but returned to Lexington, where he con- 
tinned to reside, and wlieu not engaged in public 
duties practiced his profession with success; served 
as a Major of Infantry during the war with Mexico, 
and wliile in that country distinguished himself as 
the counsel of .Major-General I'illow during the fa- 
mous court-martial; on his return lioni Mexico was 
elected to the State Legislature; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from the Ashland District from 1851 



oS 



BIOGKAl'IlICAL ANNALS. 



to 1835; President Pierce tendered him the mission to 
Spain, but family att'airs compelled him to decline 
the honor; was elected Vice-President of the United 
States in 1856, on the ticket with James Buchanan, 
and entered upou the duties of his office in March, 
1857, as President of the United States Seuate; in 
1860 was nominated by the Southern Democratic 
party as their candidate for President, but was de- 
feated; in 1861 went into the Senate as the sscccssor 
of Mr. Crittenden; was expelled from the Senate on 
December 4, 1861; took part in the Great Kebellion 
as a General. Died at Lexington, Kentucky, May 
17, 1875, leaving behind him a spotless reputation. 
The compiler of this volume has special reasons for 
respecting his memory, because of his personal as- 
sistance in preparing the Introduction to the First 
Edition of the Dictionary of Congress, in 1859, in 
which one of the Senator's most eloquent speeches 
was originally published. 

Breokenridge, "William Campbell Preston ; 
was born near Baltimore, .Maryland, August 28, 18:!7; 
while his father was pastor of the .Second Presbyterian 
Church, of Baltimore, was prepared for College at 
Transylvania University, Lexington, Kentucky; en- 
tered Centre College, at Danville, Kentucky, in 1853; 
graduated therefrom in 1855; studied law; graduated 
from the Law Department of the University of Louis- 
ville, Kentucky, in 1857, and was admitted to the 
bar, commencing practice at Lexington, Kentucky, 
in the same year; in 1862 entered the Confederate 
Army as Captain of Cavalry; rose to the rank of 
Colonel, and, at the time of the surrender, was in 
command of a Brigade of Kentucky Cavalry; was 
editor of the Lexington Ohsei-rcr and Rppoiier from 
186:1 to 186-i; County .attorney from 18!i6 to 18TIJ, 
member of the City Council of Lexington from 1870 
to 1879; Professor of Equity, Jurisprudence, and 
Pleadings in the Law Department of the Kentucky 
University in 1872; Presidential Elector in 1872; 
Delegate to the Deiiiucrr.tic National Conventions of 
1876 and 1680; in 1884 was elected a Representative 
from Kentucky to the Forty-ninth Congress; received 
the degreeof LL. D. from the Cumberland University 
and the Central University. 

Breese, Sidney ; was bom in Wliite.sborough, 
Oneida County, New York, July 15, 1800; attended 
Hamilton College, but graduated at Union College; 
removed to Illin<jis; after due prep;aation, and lie- 
fore becoming of age, was admitted to the bar; his 
first public position was that of Captain of Militia, 
after which he became Assistant Secretary of State 
under Secretary Kane; was appointed Postmaster of 
Kaskaskia, Illinois; in 1822 was appointed State .at- 
torney, which office he held until 1827, when he was 
appointed United States District Attorney for Illi- 
nois; in 1829, published a volume of Decisions of the 
Supreme Court, which now bears his name, and was 
the first octavo volume published in the State; served 
:q the Black Hawk war as a Lieutenant of Volun- 
teers; in 1835 was elected a Circuit Judge; %vas a 
(Senator in Congress from Illinois from 1843 to 1849, 
.ind served as Chairman of the Committee on Public 
Lauds; was a Rcirent of the Smithsonian Institute 
during President Polk's administration; in 1850 be- 
came a member of the Illinois Legislature, and was 
elected Speaker; was one of the originatorsof the Illi- 
aois Central Railroad; in 1855 was again placed on 
the Circuit Court bench, and made Chjf Judge; pub- 
lished a work on Illinois in 1869. 

Breltung, Ed-ward; was born in the city of 
?chaekau. Germany, .\ovember 10, 1831; was edu- 
cated at the College of ileiningen, at Meiningen, 
(Jeimany; emigrated to the United States, and set- 



tled in Michigan; engaged in business at Negaunee, 
in tliat State, as a capitalist and land speculator, and 
in iron mining; in 1872 was elected a Representative 
in the State Legislature for the terra of two years; re- 
signed in 1873; was State Senator in 1877 and 1878; 
was elected Mayor of Negaunee in 1878, 1880, and 
1882; was elected a Representative from Jlichigau to 
the Forty -eighth Congress. 

Brengle, Francis; was born in Maryland; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1843 to 1845. Died December 10, 1846. 

Brent, Richard; was born in Virginia; was a ; 
Representative in Congress from Virginia from 1795 
to 1799, and again from 1801 to 1803; was a Senator 
in Congress from 1809 to 1814. Died December 30, 
1814. 

Brent, Thomas L.. L.; was a citizen of Virginia; 
was Secretary of Legation to Portugal in 1822; was 
appointed Charge d' Affaires in 1825, remaining in 
that capacity until 1834. 

Brent, "William, Jr.; was a citizen of Virginia; 
went to Buenos Aj'res in 1844 as Charge d' Affaires, 
and remained there until 1846. 

Brent, "Williamli.; was born in Charles County, 
Maryland; was a Representative in Congress, from 
Louisiana, from 1823 to 1829. Died in July, 1848. 

Brentano, Lorenzo ; was bom in Mannheim, 
Grand Duchy of Baden, Germany, November 4, 1813; 
received a classical education; graduated in tlie law 
at the Universities of Heidelberg and Frieberg; en- 
tered ujion the practice, and soon attained promi- 
nence; was elected to the Chamber of Deputies; in 
1848 was elected to the Frankfort Parliament, and 
when, the following year, the Grand Duke of Baden 
tied from the Revolutionists, became President of the 
Provisional Republican Government; after the defeat 
of the Revolutionary forces he tied to the United 
States, and settled in Kalamazoo County, Michigan, 
as a farmer; in 1859 removed to Chicago, Illinois, 
and was admitted to the t>ar, but turned his atten- 
tion to the press; was a member of the Assembly in 
1862; was President of the Chicago Board of Educa- 
tion for five years; a Presidential Elector in 1868; 
was appointed United States Consul at Dresden in 
1872, serving until 1^76; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Illinois to the Forty-hfth Congress. 

Brenton, Samuel; was a native of Gallatin 
County, Kentucky; was a Minister of the Gospel 
from the age of twenty until 1848, when, stricken by 
paralysis, he resigned; was appointed Register of the 
Fort Wayne, Indiana, Land Office; was elected to 
Congress from Indiana in 1851, and again in 1855; 
was also President of the Fort Wayne College. Died 
March 29, 1857, aged forty-eight j'ears. 

Brents, Thomas H.; was born in Pike County, 
Illinois, December 24, 1840; removed to Oregon; 
received a collegiate education; adopted the profes- 
sion of the law; was a Justice of the Peace; was ap- 
pointed Postmaster at Canyon City, Oregon; was 
County Clerk of Grant County; served as a member 
of the State House of Representatives; settled in 
Washington Territory; was elected a Delegate from 
Washington Territory to the Forty-sixth, Forty- 
seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Brevard, James ; was born in Iredell County, 
North Carolina; was a Representative in Congress 
from South Carolina from 1819 to 1821. 

Bre"wer, David J.; was born at Smyrna, in Asia 
Minor, June 20, 1837, his parents being, at the time, 



BIOGRAPHICAL AXXALlS. 



missionaries to the Creeks; his parents returned to 
the United States during liis infancy, and settled in 
Connecticut; young lirewer was eilu(;ited iu the 
schools of Hartford, East Hampton, Middletovvn, 
and New Ha\en, Connecticut; entcreil Wesleyan 
University, at Jliddletown, in 1851; at the close of 
the junior year went to Yale College and entered as 
a junior; graduateil ■from the latter institution in 
1S56; passed one year iu the law office of his uncle, 
David Dudley Field, in New York City, and then 
entered the Law School at Albany, New York; 
.graduated therefrom iu 185S, aud, in the fall of that 
year, went West; iu 18.59, settled at Leavenworth, 
Kansas, in the practice of law: iu 18iU, was ap- 
jiointed a United State.s Commissioner; in 1832, was 
•elected Judge of Probate aud Criminal Courts of 
Xeavenworth County, Kansas; in 18U4, was elected 
District Judge of the First Judicial District of 
Kansas; was President of the City Board of Education 
of Leavenworth in 186.5; was Superintendent of the 
Leavenworth Public Schools iu 18(iti, 18G~ and 1868; 
in the latter year, was elected Prosecuting Attorney 
for Leavenworth County; in 1870, was elected an 
■Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Kansas, 
for the term of six year's; was re-elected in 1876 and 
1882; in 1884. resigned from the State Bench to 
accept the appointment of United States Circuit 
Juilge for the Eighth Judicial Circuit, tendered him 
by President Arthur. 

Bre'wrer, Francis B.; was born at Keene, New 
Hampshire, October 8, 1820; graduated at Dart^ 
mouth College in 1843; studied medicine, and gradu- 
ated as M. D. in 1845, at Hanover (X. H.) Medical 
College; practiced his profession in Vermont, and at 
Plymouth, .\Iassachu.^etts; in 1851 removed to Titu.s- 
ville, Pennsj'lvania, and engaged in the lumber busi- 
ness; in 1853, iu connection with others, organized 
'the Pennsylvania Eock Oil Company, the pioneer 
petroleum enterprise; Col. E. L. Drake became a 
stockholder and sunk the first oil well, this company 
being thus the means of inaugurating the oil traffic; 
Mr. Brewer then settled at Westtield, Xew York; was 
a Representative in the State Legislature in 1873 and 
1874; Government Director of the Ujiion Pacific Rail- 
road from 1874 to 1878; Jl.mager of the State Insane 
Asylum at Buftalo in 1881 and 1862; w;is, for ten 
years. President of the Fii-st National Bank, West- 
fleld; was elected a Representative from New York 
to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Bre-wrer, J. Hart ; was born in Hunterdon Coun- 
ty, New Jersey, ilarch 29, 1844; received a good ed- 
ucation; engaged iu the manufacture of pottery; was 
a member of the State House of Representatives in 
187(i; was elected a Representative from New Jersey 
to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Bre'wer, Mark S.; was bom at Addison, Michi- 
gan, October 22, 1837; worked on his father's farm 
tintil he reached the age of nineteen; received an 
academic education; studied law; was admitt'Cd to 
the bar in 1864, and commenced practice in Pontiac; 
was City Attorney in 1866 and 1867; was Circuit 
Court Commissioner from 1866 to 1869; served two 
years as State Senator ; was elected a Repre-sentative 
firom Michigan to the Forty- fifth Congress; re-elected 
to the Forty-SLSth Congress. 

Bre'wster, Benjamin Harris ; was bom in Sa- 
lem County, New Jer.sey, October 13, 1816; gradu- 
ated from Princeton College, New Jersey, in 1834; 
studied law in PhUadelphia, Pennsylvania; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1833, and engaged in the prac- 
tice of law at I^hiladelphia; became eminent in his 
profc-ision ; was appointed, by President i'olk. to ad- 



judicate the claims of the Cherokee Indiaus against 
the United States; in 1867 was appointed Attorney- 
General of I'cnusylvania; iu 1881 w;us appointed, by 
President Garfield. Attorney-General of the United 
States; resigned in 1882, and resumed the practice of 
his profession in Philadelphia. 

Brewster, David P.; was born in New York; 
was a Representative in Congress, from tliat State, 
from 1839 to 1843. Died at Oswego, February 21, 
1876. 

Bridges, George W.; was bora in McMinn 
County, Tennessee, October 9, 1825; was educatetl at 
the East Tennessee University; luiopted the protes- 
sion of the law; was Attorney-General of the State in 
1849 and in 1854, holding the ofiice for eleven years; 
held the positions of Bank Attorney and Railroad 
Director; was a Presidential Elector in 1860; was 
elected a Representative in Congress from Tennessee 
in 1861, to serve in the Thirty-seventh Congress; 
but, being arrested by the "Confederates." during 
the Rebellion, did not take his seat until towards the 
close of the last session. 

j Bridges, Samuel A.; \\as born in Cohh&ster, 
i Counecticut, January 27, 1802; received an ai^ademic 
j e<lucation, and graduated at Williamstown College iu 
182o; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
I 18'-;9; in 1830 removed to Pennsylvania; was lor seven 
j'ears Deputy Attorney-General of the State for Le- 
high County; was a Representative in Congress, from 
Penn.sylvania, from 1848 to 1849, and ti'om 1853 to 
1855; was again a Representative in the Forty-fifth 
Congress. Died January 14, 1884. 

Briggs, Ansel; was elected Governor of Iowa in 
1846, and remained in the office until 1850. 

Briggs, George ; was born in Fulton County, 
New York, iu 1805; removed to Vermont in 1813, to 
the Legislature of which State lie was elected iu 1837; 
in 1838 settled in the City bf New York, and for 
mauy years devoted himself' to the hardware busi- 
ness, by which he amassed a fortirne ; represented the 
City of New York in Congress from 1849 to 1853, and 
in 1858 was elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on Revolu- 
tionary Claims; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"National Union Convention" of 1866. Died at 
Saratoga, June 1, 1869. 

Briggs, George N.; was bom in Adams, Berk- 
shire County, Mivssachusetts, April 12, 1796; com- 
menced life by learning the trade of a hatter; spent; 
one year in an academy; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1818; was Register of Deeds 
from 1824 to 1831; was a Representative in Congress 
from Ma.ssachusetts fi'om 1831 to 1843, officiating dur- 
ing the Twenty-seventh Congress as Chairman of the 
Committee on the Post Office; from 1844 to 1851 was 
Governor of M.assiichusetts ; was a member of the 
.State Constitutional Convention of 1853; iiom 1853 
to 1859 held the position of Judge of the Court of 
Common Pleas; was a Trustee of Williams College 
for sixteen years; a noted advocate of the Tem- 
perance Cause. Died, in 1861, from the eflects of aa 
accidental gun-shot wound. An interesting biog- 
raphy of him was published in 1866, by Rev. Wm. 
C. Richards. 

Briggs, James P.; w.-js born at Bury, Lan- 
cashire, England, October 23, 1827; emigrated to the 
United States; received an aciideniic education; 
studied law; was .admitted to the bar in 1851, and 
commenced practice at Hillsboro, New Hampshire; 
was a Representative in the State Legislature in 1856, 



58 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALs. 



1857, 1858, aDd 1874; in 1871 removed to Manchester, 
New Hampshire; was a' State Senator in 1876; was 
elected a Kepresentative from New Hampshire to the 
Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- 
gresses. 

Brigham, Elijah ; was a native of Northborough, 
Massachusetts; a graduate of Dartmouth College in 
1778; studied law at Harvard; was a merchant by 
occupation; held many positions of trust and respon- 
sibility; was a Representative in Congress from Mas- 
sachusetts from 181 1 to 181G. when he resigned. Died 
in Washington City, of croup, April 22, 1616, aged 
sixty-six years. 

Brigham, Le^vis A. ; was born at York Millsi 
New York, .Tanuary 2, 18:11 ; graduated at Hamilton 
College in 1849; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1855; removed to New Jersey; was elected 
Superintendent of the Public Schools of the City of 
Bergen from 1866 to lt<70; was a member of the Board 
of Police Commissioners of Jersey City from 1874 to 
1876; was a Representative of the State Legislature 
in 1877; was elected a Representative from New .Ter- 
sey to the Fortv-sixth Congress. Died February 20, 
1886. 

Bright, Jesse D.; was boru at Norwich, Che- 
nango County, New York, December 18, 1812; re- 
ceived an academic education; studied law as a pro- 
fession; was Circuit Judge of Indiana; State Senator; 
Marshal of the United States for the District of Indi- 
ana; Lieutenant-Governor of that State; was a, United 
States Senator from Indiana from 1845 to 1857, and 
President of the Senate during several sessions; was 
elected for an additional term in 1857, for six years, 
and was Chairman of the Committee on Public Build- 
ings and Grounds, and a member of the Committees 
on Finance and the Pacitie Railroad; was expelled 
for alleged disloyalty in February, 1862; sul)se(]uently 
settled in Kentucky, and was elected to the Senate 
of that State. Died in Baltimore, Maryland, May 
20, 1875. 

Bright, John Morgan ; was born at Fayette- 
ville, Tennessee, January 20, 1817; received his early 
education at Fayettcville, and at Hillsborough, North 
Carolina; graduated at Nashville University in 1839, 
and from Transylvania University in 1841; practiced 
law; was a member of the Legislature of Tennessee 
in 1847 and 1848; was elected to the Forty-second 
Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-third and 
Forty-fourth Congresses, serving on the Committee 
on Private Land Claims; in December, 1875, was ap- 
pointed Chairman of the Committee on Claims; also 
re-elected to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Con- 
gresses. 

Brinker, William Hugh; was born in Craw- 
ford County, Mi.ssouri, Decemlier 23, 1851; in 1853 
removed, with his parents, to Warrensburg, Johnson 
County, Missouri ; was educated at the common 
schools and at the State University, at Columbia, 
Missouri, remaining at the latter institution one 
year; read law, and was admitted to the bar in June, 
1873; engaged in the practice of law at Warrensburg; 
in 1876 was elected Prosecuting Attorney of Johnson 
County, Missouri; was twice re-elected, serving three 
successive terms; in April, 1885, was appointed, by 
President Cleveland, an Associate Justice of the Su- 
preme Court of the Territory of New Mexico; soon 
alter removed to Albuquerque, New Mexico. 

Brinkerhoff, Henry R.; was horn in Adams 
County, Pennsylvania, in 17^8; emigrated at an early 
period to New York; during the la.st war \,ith En- 
gland served iu command of a volunteer company, 



and distinguished him.self at the battle of Queens- 
town; was twice elected to the New York Legisla- 
ture; for many years held the office of Major-General 
of the New York Militia; in 1837 removed to Ohio; 
was elected to Congress, as Representative from that 
State, in 1843. Died, before the expiration of his 
term, in Huron County, Ohio, April 30, 1844. 

Brinkerhoff, Jacob; was born in New York; 
was a Representative iu Congress from Ohio from 
1843 to 1847. 

Bristol, Warren ; was born at Stafford, Genesee 
County, New York, March 19, 1823; removed, with 
his parents, to Ransomville, Niagara County, New 
York, in 1829; received an academic education; re- 
moved to the city of Lockport, New York, in 1845; 
studied law in the office of the Hon. Edward I. Chase, 
in that city; removed to the Territory of Minnesota 
in 1850 and settled at Minneapolis; was admitted to 
the bar in 1851, and engaged in the practice of law 
at Minneapolis; in 18.52 was the first District Attor- 
ney of Hennepin County, of which Minneapolis was 
the County seat; removed to Red Wing, Minnesota, 
in 1855; held, successively, the offices of District 
Attorney and Judge of Probate, in that County ; was 
President of the first Republican State Convention of 
Minnesota, in 1855, which was held at St. Paul, and 
at which the Republican party was first organized in 
that State; was a Delegate to the Republican National 
Convention of 1864; was a Representative in the 
State Legislature in 1865; was a State Senator from 
1866 to 1870; in 1872 was appointed, by President 
Grant, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of New 
Mexico; was re-appointed by President Grant iu 
1876 and by President Hayes in 1880. 

Bristol, William ; was born in Hamden, Con- 
necticut, in 1779; graduated at Yale College iu 1798; 
studied law, and was tor many years a distinguished 
member of the New Haven bar; was Judge of the 
United States District Co-urt for the State of Connec- 
ticut; was a member of the Superior Court of that 
State from 1819 to 1826. Died at New Haven, March 
7, 1836. 

Bristo'w, Benjamin H.; was bom iu Elkton, 

Todd County, Kentucky, June 20, 1832; graduated 
at Jefferson College, Pennsylvania, in 1851; studied 
law, and began practice at Elkton iu 1853; removed 
to Hopkinsville. Kentucky, in 1858, and continued 
his profession there; in 1861 entered the anny as 
Lieutenant-Colonel of the Twenty fifth Kentucky In- 
fantry; subsequently commanded the Eighth Ken- 
tucky Cavalry; while serving in the field, was elected 
to the State Senate for lour years, but resigned at the 
end of two years, and resumed his profession in 
Louisville; in lH(i6 was appointed Ur.ited States Dis- 
trict Attorney for the District of Kentucky; resigned 
in 1870; in October, 1870, was appcunted Solicitor- 
General of the United States; resigned in the autumn 
of 1872; was appointed Secretary of the Treiisury, 
June 3, 1874. 

Bristow, Francis M.; was born near Nicholas- 
ville. Jessamine County, Kentucky, August 11, 1804; 
received a good English education; studied law, and 
divided his time between that profession and farming; 
in 1831 and 1833 was elected to the Kentucky Legis- 
lature; in 1846 to the State Senate; in 1849 was a 
member of the State Constitutional Convention; in 
1S.")4 was elected a Kepresentative in Congress for the 
unexpired term of Prcssly Ewing; in 1859 was elected 
a Representative from Kentucky to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Agriculture 
and the Special Committee of Thirty-three. Died at 
Elkton, Kentucky, June 10, 1^^64. 



lilOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



5'.' 



Broadhead, James O.; was horn at Charlotts- 

\illi', Virginia. May 'il), Isl;); rci-cived a classical ed- 
iicjition: studied law; was ;ulniitt<'d to the bar in 
Missouri in 1842, and engaged in the practice of law 
in that State; w;is a member of the State House of 
KepresentativcJS of Missouri in 1847; a State Senator 
from 1850 to 1854; a Delegate to the State Constitu- 
tional' Convention of 18(il ; United States District 
Attorney for the East^'rn District of Missouri in that 
year; was Provost-Marslial-flencral of the Depart- 
ment of the Missouri in 18G:i; member of the State 
(.'oustitutional Convention in 1875; w;is elected a 
l\'cpresentative from Missouri to the Forty-eighth 
(Jongre&s. 

Broadhead, John C; w;is a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1831 to 1833, and 
again from 1837 to 183'J. 

Brochus, Perry E.; was born in Virginia; was 
an early emigrant to Utah, and in 185U was appointed 
a United States .Judge for that Territory; subse- 
quently resided in Washington City. 

Brockenbrough, J W.; was a native of Vir- 
ginia; was appointeil a .ludge of the United Stat<'s 
District Court for that District. 

Brockenbrough, William H.; was born in 
1813; went to Florida for the benelit of his health, 
which, during his re-sidence there, was a continual 
depression upon his physicjil and mental energies; 
under the Territorial Government, was a Senator 
from the Wej^tern District, and at one time President 
of the Senate; was United States District Attorney, 
and also Judge; was a Representative in Congress from 
Florida li'om 1845 to 1847; was also a Presidential 
Elector on several occasions Died at Tallahassee, 
Florida, in June, 1850, of pulmonary consumption. 

Brockway, John H.; was born in Ellington, 
Connecticut; grailuated at Yale College in 182U; 
commenced active life by teaching, in the academy at 
East Windsor Hill ; studied la w ; practiced the i>ro- 
fession; frequently served in the State Legislature; 
was a Representative in Congress from Connecticut 
from 1839 to 1843. 

Broderick, Case ; was born in Grant County, 
Indiana, September 23, 183!); in early childhood re- 
moved, with his jjarents, to Jasper County, Indiana, 
and settled upon a farm; was educated in the com- 
I, mon schools of that, then new and sparsely settled, 
section; in 1859, went to Ja<tkson County, Kansas, 
a;nd purchased a tract of laud, which he engagetl in 
cultivating; in 1862, enlisted in the Uni(m Army, 
serving throughout the Civil War; at the close of Uu; 
war, returned to Kansas, and soon thereafter was 
elected a Justice of the Peace; removed to Halton, 
the county seat of Jack-son County, and studied law; 
was iuluiitted to the bar antl engaged in the practice 
of law; in 1868 was elected Proljate .Judge; was sev- 
eral times re-elected; was clccleil Prosecuting At- 
torney for Jackson County and served four years; in 
1880 was elected a State Senator, and served one 
term of two years; on March 24, 1884, was ap- 
pointed, by President Artlnir, an Associate Justice 
of the Supreme Court of the Territory of Idaho; at 
once removed to Boise City, Idalio, and entered upon 
the discharge of his judicial duties. 

Broderick, David C; was born in the District 
of Columbia, of Irish parentage, in Deceml)er, 1818; 
when a boy of live years remo\ ed to New York City 
with his father; during his youth was apprcntia^d to 
the tra<le of a stone-cutter, which w:us the tra<le of 
his father; was lor mauv years foreman of a lire- 



engine company in New York, during w.iich pericd 
lie was an active politician; removed to California ia 
ls|f), and engaged in the business of smelti'ig ami 
assaying gold; was a member of the Conveiitioti 
which dratted the Constitution of that State; served 
two years in the California Senate, and was President 
of that body in 1851; was elected a Senator in Con- 
gress Iroin California in 1856, for the long term, 
taking his seat during the second session of the 
Thirty-fourth Congress. Died at San Francisco, 
California, September Ki, 1859, from a woiiiul re- 
ceived in a duel fought with David S. Terry, Chief 
.Justice of the Supreme Court of that State, on the 
13tli of the same month. He was the lirst member 
of the United States Senate ever killed in a duel; it 
is said that some of the marble pillars in the; old 
Senate Chamber, where he hatl a seat, were cut by 
his own father. 

Brodhead, John; was a minister of the Methodist 
Episcopal Church for forty-four years; was aRepri- 
seut;itive in Congress from New Hampshire from 
1829 to 1833. Died at New Market, New Haiiiip- 
shire, April 7, 1838, aged sixty-seven years. 

Brodhead, John M.; was born in Canaan, New 
Hampshire, and was the son of John Brodhead, 
formerly a member of Congress; educated [lartly at 
the New Market Seminary; graduated at Dartmoulh 
College as a physician; was ap|)oiuted .Second Comp- 
troller of the United States Treasury and held the 
office uutil 18.')7; was an Alderman of Washington 
City in 1861 and 1862, and introduced the first Union 
resolutions alter the battle of Bull Run; was a Coii.- 
missioner for the District of Columbia under the 
Emancipation Act in 1862; in 1863 w;us again aj)- 
l)oiiited Second Comptroller, and remained iu that 
position until January, 1876, when he resigned. 
Among his other official positions beUl at different 
times may be mentioned those of Trustee of an 
Asylum, and of a College, and also that of a Bank 
Cashier. 

Brodhead, Richard; was a native of Pike 
County, Penn-sylvania; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1843 to 1849; a Senator of the United 
States Senate from Penusj'lvania from 1851 to 1857. 
Died at Easton, Pennsylvania, September 17, 1863. 

Brogden, Ctartis H.; was born in AVayne County, 
North (Carolina; as a boy worked on his tiithcr's farnij 
early took an interest in military allairs and became 
a General of Militia; was elected to the State Legis- 
lature in 1838, and, in one or the other of the tw'o 
Houses, served tliereiu for nearly twenty yeai-s; was, 
for ten years, from 1857, Comptroller of the State; 
was a Presideutial Elector in 1868; in 1869 w;us ap- 
pointed a Collector of Internal Revenue; after tiie 
additional service of four years in the State Senate 
was, iu 1872, electeil Lieutenant-Governor; on tiie 
death of Governor Caldwell, in 1874, became the 
Governor of the State; among the other public iiosi- 
tioris wliich he held may be mentioned those of State 
Director of the Weldon and Wilmington Railroad, 
Trustee of tlie State University, and Justice of Wayne 
County; was elected a Representati\e from North 
Carolina to the Forty-tifth Congress. 

Bromberg, Frederick George ; was born in 
New York City, June 19, 18.37; removed to Mobile, 
Alabama, in 1838; graduated at Harvard Uni\ersity 
in 1858; was a student in the Chemical Laboratory 
of the Lawrence Sci(!utilic School from 1861 to 1863; 
was elected tutor in mathematics at Harvartl Univer-- 
sity in 1863; resigned in 1865 and returned to .Mobile; 
was appointed Treasurer of the city of Mobile iu 



60 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



1867, and served until 1869; was a member of the 
State Senate of Alabama from 1868 to 187-2; was 
appointed Postmaster of Mobile in 1869, and removed 
in 1871; was elected to the Forty-third Congress and 
re-elected to the Forty -fourth Congress; served on the 
Committee on Commerce. 

Bromwell, Henry P. H.; was born in Balti- 
more, Marvland, August 26, 18-23; spent seven years 
of his boyhood in Ohio; went with his father to Illi- 
nois in 1836; received a good F.nglish and classical 
education; studied law; came to the bar in 18.'>3. and 
practiced in diflerent parts of the State; from 185-2 to 
1854 was tlie publisher and editor of the Age of SI earn 
<ind Fin; at Vandalia; in 1853 was elected Judge of 
Fayette County for four years; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1860; in 1864 was elected a Representative 
from IllinoLs to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on Patents, Expenses in the Stat*; 
Department, and the Civil Service; re-elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committee on Pub- 
lic Expenditures. 

Bronson, David; was born in Suffield, Connecti- 
cut; graduated at Dartmouth College in 181SJ; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1823; was a 
member of the Legislature, as Representative, in 
1832 and 1834, and as Senator in 1846, was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Norridgewock, Maine, 
from 1841 to 1843, and served as a member of tlie 
Committee on Public Lands, from 1850 to 185:5 was 
Collector of Customs at Bath, Maine; from 1854 to 
1857 was Judge of Probate for Sagadahock County. 
Died in Talbjt County, Maryland, in November, 
1863. 

Bronson, Isaac H.; was born in Rutland, New 
York, October 16, 1802; was educated for the bar, 
and admitted to practice in 18-22; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from New York from 1837 to 1839, 
officiating as Chairman of the Committee on Terri- 
tories; in 1839 was appointed one of the Territorial 
Judges of Florida, and from that time until his death 
served continually on the bench, at tlie time of his 
death being District Judge of the United States for 
Nortliern Florida. Died at Palatka, August 13, 1855. 

Brooke, Robert ; was Governor of Virginia from 
1794 to 1796. 

Brooke, Walter; was a Senator in Congress 
from Mississippi from 18.52 to 1853, in place of H. S. 
Foote, resigned. Took part in the RebeUioa. 

Brookings, "W" W.; was an early emigrant to 
Utah; was appointed an Associate Judge of the United 
States Court lor that Territoi-y. 

Brooks, David; was born in 1736; entered the 
army in 1776 as a Lieutenant in the Pennsylvania 
line; wascaptured at Fort Washington, and remained 
a prisoner for two years; upon being exchanged was 
promoted Assistant Clothier-General at lieailnuarters, 
an otfice of responsibility, which he so lilled as to 
secure the friendship of Washington; after the close 
of the war removed to New York, and afterwards 
settled in Dutchess County, representing each locality 
in the State Legislature; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York, from May 1797, to July, 
1797; a Commissioner for making the first treaty with 
the Seneca Indians (signed where the city of Utiea 
now stands), and subsequently first Judge of Dutchess 
County for sixteen years. Died at his home, where 
he was universally esteemed, in August, 1838. 

Brooks, George M.; was born in Concord, Mas- 
sachusetts, July -20, 1824; graduated at Cambridge 



in 1844; studied law; was a member of the Massa- 
chusetts Legislature in 1858; of the State Senate in 
1859: of the' Committee chosen in 1859 to revise the 
statutes of Massachusetts; was elected to the Forty- 
first Congress in 1869, to fill a vacancy; in 1884 was 
chosen an Overseer of Harvard College, and was for 
several years Chairman of the Greek Committee. 

Brooks, G-30rge W.; was born in North Caro- 
lina; resided at Elizabeth City, from whence lie was, 
in 1806, appointed United States Judge for the 
Eastern District of North Carolina. 

Brooks, James ; was born in Portland, Maine, 
November 10, 1810; when only eleven years of age 
bec.ime a clerk in a store; when sixteen was a school 
teach sr, and at the age of nearly twenty-one gradu- 
ated at the Waterville College; was an extensive 
traveler both in this country and Europe, and pub- 
lished a large number of letters descriptive of his 
tours; in 1835 was elected to the Legislature of 
Maine; in 1836 established the New York D lilj) Ec- 
prc-!^ of which he was the chief editor and proprietor; 
in 18 17 was elected a member of the New York Leg- 
islature; from 1849 to 1853 was a Representative in 
Congress from the city of New York, serving on the 
Coniinittee on Public Lands; re-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Post Ofli-;es and Post Roads; re-elected to 
the Tliirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Ways and Means and the PacLtic Railroad, but his 
seat was successfully contested by W. E. Dodge; 
was a Delegate to the Philadelphia " National Union 
Convention" of 1866; re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gre5s, serving on the Committees on Ways and Means, 
Reconstruction, and on Rules; re-ele.tedto the three 
succeeding Congresses, and during one of the re- 
ces-ies, performed a tour around the world, about 
which he published an interesting book. Died in 
W.ishington, District of Columbia, April 30, 1873. 

Brooks, John ; was born in Medford, Massachu- 
setts; brought up on a farm; received a common 
school education, at which time Count Rumtbrd was 
a fellow student, and an intimacy with him continued 
through correspondence during the life of the Count; 
was apprenticed at the age of fourteen, for seven 
years, to Dr. Tufts; commenced the practice of med- 
icine at Reading, where he commanded a company of 
Minute-men in 1775; was in nearly all the battles of 
the Revolution, and was especially distinguished at 
S iratoga; in 1778 was associated with Inspector-Gen- 
eral Steuben in the duty of introducing a uniform 
system of exercise and manoeuvres, and w.is Ad- 
jutant-General at the battle of Monmouth; to him 
belongs the credit of sending Cuyler to give the alarm 
to Arnold's forces; after the war, resumed the practice 
of medicine in Medford; was for many j^ears Major- 
General of Militia, and as a member of the Legislature 
was against Shay's Rebellion; was a Delegate to the 
Convention for adopting the Federal Constitution, 
which he advocated; was appointed, by Washington, 
Marshal of his District, and Inspector of the Revenue 
in 1795; was State Senator and Councilor; Adiutant^ 
General of the State from 1812 to 1815; its Governor 
from 1816 to 1823, when he retired to private life; 
received from Harvard University the degrees of 
M.D. and LL. D. in 1816; was President of the Mas- 
sachusetts Medical Society from 1817 until his death; 
of the Cincinnati frt>m 1787; and of the Massachu- 
setts Bible Society. Died at Medford, Marcli 1, 18-25. 

Brooks, Micali ; was born in Cheshire, Connec-. 
ticut, in 1775; was educated by his father, with| 
whom he removed to AVestern New York, where he 
taught school; settled on a farm; was a Justice of! 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



61 



tlie Peace in 1806, and for twenty years thereafter 
-was a C'oimty Judge ; was a member of the New York 
Assembly in 1808 and 1809; was a Representative in 
Congress, from New York, from 1815 to 1817; a 
member of tlie State Constitutional Convention of 
1S21; a Presidential Elector in 1824. Died at Liv- 
ingston County, New York, July 7, 1857. 

Brooks, Preston S.; was bom in Edgefield Dis- 
trict, South Carolina, in August, 1819; graduated at 
tlie South Carolina College in 1839; studied law; was 
admitted to the bar in 1843; was a State Representa- 
tive in J844; in 1846 raised a company of volunteers, 
was made Captain, and served in the Palmetto regi- 
ment during most of the Mexican War; after the 
war levoted himself to planting; was elected to Con- 
gress in 1853, and again in 1855; in 1856 made a per- 
sonal assault upon Charles Sumner, in the Uniteil 
States Senate Chamber, which event caused much 
excitement throughout the country; the attack was 
caused by words uttered in debate by Senator Sum- 
ner against A. P. Butler, who was Mr. Brooks' rela- 
tive. Died in Washington, District of Columbia, 
January 27, 1857. 

Broom, Jacob ; was born in Baltimore, Mary- 
land, July 25, 1808; received a classical education; 
on removing to Pennsylvania, was appointed, in 
1840, Deputy Auditor of that State; in 1849 was 
elected Clerk of the Orphans' Court for the City and 
County of Philadelphia; was elected a Representa- 
tive, from that State, to the Thirty-fourth Congress. 
Died in AS'ashington, in November, 1864. 

Broomall, John M.; wa.sborn in Upper Chiches- 
ter, Delaware Countj', Pennsylvania, January 19, 
1816; received a good classical and mathematical ed- 
ucation in the schools of the Quakers, to which sect 
Ins family had belonged for several generations; stu- 
died law, and was devoted to that profession ; served 
in the Legislature of the State; was a Presidential 
Elector in" 1861; in 1862 was elected a Representa- 
tive from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-eight Congress, 
and was a member of the Committees on Accounts 
and Public Expenditures; re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congxess, serving on the Committees on Pulj- 
lic Expenditures, on .'\^ccounts, and on the Memphis 
Riots; re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Accounts. 

Broome, James E.; was Governor of Florida 
from 1853 to 18.57. 

Broome, James M.; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1794; was a Representative in Congress, 
from Delaware, from 1805 to 1807. 

Brough, John ; was born in Marietta, Ohio, 
September 17, 1811; began life as a printer; entered 
the Ohio University; in 1831 published at Marietta 
the Washiitijlon Countij Republican, and in 1833 the 
Lancasler Eagle; was clerk of the Ohio Senate from 
1835 to 1838; then a member of the Legislature; from 
1839 to 1845 Auditor; in 1846 opened a law office in 
Cincinnati ard published the IiK/iiirer; in 1848 was 
President of the Madison and In<lianapolis Railway; 
in 1853, of the Bellefontaine and Indianapolis Road; 
in 1863 was elected Governor of Ohio. Died in Cleve- 
land, August 29, 1865. 

Broughton, Thomas ; was Councilor and Col- 
lector of Customs in South Carolina in 18(18; alter- 
ward Lieutenant-Governor; Jlay 3, 1855, w;Uj ma<le 
Governor, serving in that position until his death in 

1858. 

Brown, Aaron V.; was born in Brunswick 
County, Virginia, Angust 15, 1795; graduated at 



Chapel Hill University in 1814; in 1815 removed, 
with his parents, to Tennessee, where he devoti-d 
himself to the study of h,vr; when admitted to i)rac- 
tice, became a partner of the late James K. Polk, in 
Giles County; served for a number of years in the 
Legislature . .' Tennessee; in 1839 was elected a mem- 
ber of Congress from Tennessee, and re-elected in 
1841 and 1843; on his retirement from Congress in 
1845, was elected Governor of Tennessee; was at all 
times considered one of the most faithful an<l in- 
dustrious leaders of the Democi^itic party in Ten- 
nessee. His last position was that of Postmaster 
General in the Cabinet of President Buchanan. 
Among the measures which marked his administra- 
tion of our postal aftairs may be mentioneil the 
establishment of a new and shorter oceanic communi- 
cation to California, by Tehuantepec; of the great 
overland mail from Memphis and St. Louis to San 
Francisco, and another across the continent, by the 
way of Salt Lake. His speeches. Congressional and 
political, were published at Nashville in 1854. Died 
in Washington, March 8, 1859. 

BrO"WTi, Addison ; was born at West Newbirry, 
Massachusetts, February 21, 1830; received a col- 
legiate education, graduating from Harvard College 
in 1852; studied law at Harvard Law School, and re- 
ceived the degi'ee of LL.B. from that institution in 
1854; in that year removed to New Y'ork City; was 
admitted to the bar in 1855, and engaged in the 
practice of law; in 1881 was appointed United States 
District Judge for the Southern District of New 
York. 

Bro-wn, Albert Gr. ; was born in Chester District, 
South Carolina, May 31, 1813; taken to Mississippi 
when a boy; adopted the law as a profession; was a 
memljer of the State Legislature from 1835 to 1839; 
was a Representative in Congress from Mississippi in 
1840 and 1841; Governor of Mississippi from 184 1 to 
1848; was again elected a Representative in Congress 
from 1848 to 1854; was a Judge of the Circuit 
Superior Court in 1852 and 1853; was elected a 
United States Senator from 1 854 to 1858 ; was re-elected 
for six years, commencing March 4, 1859, but was ex- 
pelled in March, 1861, and joined the Great Re- 
bellion; was Chairman of the Committee on the Dis- 
trict of Columbia in the Thirty-fitth Coiigicss, aiul a 
member of the Committee on Indian Afl'airs and that 
of Enrolled bills. His collected speeches were pub- 
lished in one volume in 1859. 

Bro^wm, Anson ; was born in New York; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State during 
the years 1839 and 1840. Died at Ballston, New 
York, June 21, 1840, much respected for his character 
and acquirements. 

Bro^wn, Bedford; was born in Caswell County, 
North Carolina, in 1795; was elected to the House of 
Commons of that State in 1815, in which capacity he 
served many years; was a Senator in Congress from 
that State from 1829 to 1841, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Agriculture during several 
sessions; was subsequently elected to tlie General 
A.ssembly, and at the end of his term retired to 
private life; was first elected to the Senate by one 
majority, and, to a great extent, by a mere acci- 
dent; but, having acquitted himself with ability, was 
re-elected by a large majority. Died in Caswell 
County, December 6, 1870. 

Bro^wn, Benjamin ; served in the State Legisla- 
ture in 1809, 1811, and 1812; was a Representative in 
Congiess from Ma-ssachusetts from 1815 to 1817. 

Brovm, B. Gratz ; was born in Lexington, Ken- 
tucky, May 28, 1826; graduated at the TrausylviUiia 



63 



BIOGRAPHICAL A X X A L S . 



University in 1845, and at Yale, College itt 1847; 
studied law in Louisville, and settled at St. Louis, 
Missouri; was a member of the Legislature of that 
State from 1852 to 1858; assisted in establishing the 
Miixiniri Demnrrat, and edited that journal from 1854 
to ]s5i); a speech that he delivered in the Legislature 
in 1S57 was the initial movement in behalf of freedom 
in that State ; when the wr.r broke out, in ISfil, 
volunteered and raised a regiment, which assisted in 
the capture of Camp Jackson, and which he com- 
manded during its term of service; subsequently com- 
manded a brigade of militia during an invasion of 
the State; his elforts in behalf of freedom were con- 
tinued during tlie pi'ogress of the Kebellion, and he 
was foremost in organizing the movement which re- 
sulted in the Ordinance of Freedom in 1864; was 
elected a Senator in Congress from Missoirri for the 
term commencing in 1863 and ending in 1867, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Jlilitary Aft'airs, Pacific 
Eailroad. Indian Afl'airs, Public Buildings and 
Grounds. Printing, and as Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Contingent Expenses of the Senate, and, sub- 
sequently, on the death of Senator Foote, as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Public Buildings and 
Grounds; in 1872 received a complimentary vote for 
President of the United States: John Bro-mi. formerly 
a Senator from Kentucky, was his grandfather, and 
his father, Slason Brown, was a prominent Judge. 
Died December 13, 1885. 

BrO'WTi, Charles; was born in Pennsylvania; was 
a licpresentative in Congress from that State from 
1841 to 1843, and again from 1847 to 1849; subse- 
qui'ntly held the office of Collector of the Port of 
Philadelphia; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"National Union Convention" of 1866. 

BrO'WTi, Charles Elwood ; was born at Cincin- 
nati, Ohio,' July 4, 1834; attended Greenfield Acad- 
emy two years, then entered Miami LTniversity, at 
Oxford, Ohio, ii'om which institution he was gradu- 
ated in 1854; then went South, and. while serving 
as tutor, studied law: in 18.59. I'eturned to Ohio and 
settled at Chillicothe in the practice of law; in 1861, 
enlisted in the LTnion Army; served throughout the 
Ci%il War, earning promotion by his gallantry, until, 
at its close, he had attained the rank of Colonel and 
Brevet Brigadier-General; in the Atlanta campaign, 
in 1864, commanded his regiment and lost a leg; 
while recovering from his wound served as Provost- 
Marshal of the Eighteenth Ohio District; at the close 
of the war resumed the practice of his profession at 
Chillicothe, Ohio; in 1872, was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Grant, United States Pension Agent at Cincin- 
nati, serving four years; in 1884, wa>s elected a Repre- 
sentative from Ohio to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

BrO'WTi, Elias ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Maryland, from 1829 to 1831; a Presidential 
Elector in 1820, 1828, and 1836. 

BrO'WTi, Ethan Allen ; was born at Darien, Con- 
necticut, July 4, 1776; was educated by an Irish 
scholar, and ac(iuired a critical knowledge of lan- 
guages: rea<l law with Alexander Ilauiilton, and was 
a liuitted to the b.ar in 1662; emigrated to the 'West, 
and in 1804 settled to practice in Cincinnati; was 
Judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio from 1810 to 
1818; Governor of the State from 1818 *o 1822; 
United States Senator from 1822 to 1825; Canal Com- 
missioner from 1825 to 1830; United States Minister 
to Brazil from 1830 to 1834; Commissioner of the 
■(ieneral Land Office in 1835 and 1836: remo\ed to 
Indiana in 1836; was a member of tlie Indiana Legis- 
lature in 1842. Died in Indiauapolis, February 24, 
1852. 



BrO'wn, George ; was a citizen of Massachusetts, 
was a Commissioner lo Hawaii floni 1843 to 1646. 

BrO'wn, George H.; was born in New Jersey; 

graduated at Princeton College in 1828; adopted the 
jirofcssion of the law; was a member of the Conven- 
tion which formed the State Constitution of 1844 ; 
was a Representative in Congress from New Jersey 
from 1851 to 1853. 

BrO'wn, Henry B.; was liorn at Lee, Berkshire^ 
County, JIassachusetts, March 2, 1836: graduated! 
from Yale College in 1S56; traveled in Enroj)c for a 
year; studied law at the Yale and Harvard Law 
Schools; was admitted to the bar at Detroit, Michi- 
gan, in 1860, and engaged in practice there; was As- 
sistant United States Attorney for several years; was 
Circuit Judge of Wayne County, by appointment, 
for several months of the year 1868; in 1876 was ap- 
pointed United States District Judge for the Eastern 
District of Michigan. 

BrO'wn, James; was born in Virginia, October, 
1766; studied law; settled first in Mississippi, at 
Natchez; was appointed, bj' President Jefferson, 
Secretary of the Territory of Louisiana after its ac- 
quisition. This led him to New Orleans, which be- 
came his home; was appointed United States Attor- 
ney for the District of Louisiana, and ro.se to a high 
rank at the bar; was appointed a Territorial Judge 
in 1804; was chosen to the United States Senate from 
Louisiana, and served from 1812 to 1817, and again 
from 1819 to 1824, officiating as Chairman of the 
Committee on Foreigjf Rtlations; resigned, and was 
appointed Minister Plenipotentiary to France; re- 
mained abroad five years, and subsequently settled 
in Philadelphia, where lie died of apoplexy, April 7, 
1835. He was the brother of John Brown, of "Vir- 
ginia. 

BrO'wn, James S.; was horn in Hampton, 
!Maine, February 1. 1824; removed to Cincinn.ati, 
Ohio, in 1840, where he studied law; in 1844, took 
up his residence in Milwaukee, Wisconsin; in 1846 
w:V3 chosen Prosecuting Attorney for Milwaukee 
County; in 1848 was elected Attorney-General of the 
State; in 1861 was Mayor of Milwaukee; in 1862 was 
elected a Representative from Wisconsin to the Thir- 
ty-eighth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Elections. 

BrO'wn, Jeremiah ; was born in Pennsylvania in 
1776; served in the Legislature of that State, and as a 
member of one or two State Conventions; was the first 
Associate Judge elected by the people; wa.s a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsj'lvania, from 1841 
to 1845. Died at Lancaster, March 2, 1848, 

BrO'wn, John ; was born at Staunton, Virginia, 
September 12, 1757; was a student at Princeton Col- 
lege, New .Jersey, when the American Army retreated, 
and the college was closed; joined the troops, crossed 
the Delaware, and remained in the army under 
Wa.shington for sometime; was subsequently under 
the command of Lafayette, after which he completed 
his education at William and Mary College; was a 
school teacljer two years; studied law, and removed 
to Frankfort. Kentucky, in 1782; was elected a mem- 
ber of the Virginia Legislature from the District of 
Kentucky, and was appointed a Delegate from Vir- 
ginia to the Continental Congress, from 1787 to 1788; 
was a Representative from Kentucky to the Federal 
Congress from 1789 to 1791; a United States Senator ( 
from 1793 to 1805; was the last survivor of the old 
Congress, and the first member from the Valley of 
the Mississippi; was eminent as a patriot, stat^man, 



BIOGRA rillCAL ANXALS. 



G3 



and citizen; he was one of those who voted to locate 
the Seat of (loveninient on tlie Potomac. Died in 
Frankfort, Kentueky, August iS, 1837. 

Brown, John ; was born in Providence, Rhode 
Island. January '27, 1736; was bred to mercantile 
pursuits; was one of the men who captured the 
Gnspiv in Providence River, in 177"2: took an active 
part in the Revolution, and was an ardent frieud of 
the Constitution; was chosen a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress in 17S4, but did not take his seat in 
that body; was a Reiuesentative in Congress from 
Rhode Island liom 17U9 to 1801. Died September 
20, 1803. 

Brown, John; was a Representative in Congress 
from .Mar\ land from 1809 to 1810. 

Brovrn, John; was born in Miilfliu County, 
Pennsylvania; Wius a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania from 18'21 to 1825. 

Brcwm, John C; was born in Giles County, 
Tennessee, January 6, 1827; was reared on a farm: 
received a collegiate education, graduating from 
Jackson College, Tennessee, in 184(j; taught school 
and studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1848 
and commenced practice at Pulaski, Tennessee; in 
1861 entered the Confederate Army, and was made 
Captain; served with distinction throughout the 
Civil War, rising to the rank of Major-General; was 
a Delegate to. and was elected President of the State 
Constitutional Convention of 1870; in that j'ear was 
elected Governor of Tennessee; was re-elected in 1872, 
serving until 1875; in 1876 was elected Vice-Presi- 
dent of the Texas and Pacific Railway Company; in 
1881 became General Solicitor of the Missouri Pacific 
Railway Operated and Leased Lines, and the Texas 
and Pacific Railway, comprising the great railway 
system of the Southwest. 

Brown; John W.; was born in Dundee, Scot- 
land, about the year 1797; came, with his father, to 
the United States in lso2; received a common school 
education; studied law, and came to the bar in 1818; 
was elected a Justice of the Peace in 1820; elected a 
Representative in Congress from New York in 1832, 
and re-elected in 1834; in 1849 wits elected a Justice 
of the Supreme Court of that State, and re-elected in 
1857, retiring from the Bench in 1865, to resume the 
practice of his profession; although always a Demo- 
crat in politics, he supported the war meivsuies of 
President Lincoln with great zeal; he was a very suc- 
cessful lawyer, and it is said that none of his rulings 
as a Judge were ever reversed by the Court of Ap- 
peals. Died at his residence in Newburg, New York, 
September 6, 1S75. 

Brown, John Young ; was born in Claysxille, 
Hardm County, Kentucky, June 28, 1835; graduated 
at Centre College, Danville, in 1855; studied law and 
adopted the profession; in 1859 was elected to Con- 
gress, but not having attained the constitutional age, 
declined to take his seat; in 1867 was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Kentucky to the Fortieth Congress, 
but in March, 1868, his claim to a seat was rejected 
by the House; was elected to the Forty-third and 
Forty-fourth Congresses, serving on various Com- 
mittees. 

Brown, Joseph E.; was born in Pickens Dis- 
trict, South Carolina, .\pril 15, 1821; removed, with 
his parents, to Georgia, when a boy; rcccivc<l an aca- 
demic education; taught school; was admitted to the 
bar in 1845; afterwards graduated at the Law School 
of Yale College, returned to Georgia and eng.aged in 
the pr:u;tice of law in 1846; in 1849 was elected a 



State Senator; in 1852 was a Presidential Klector: in 
1855 was elected Judge of the Superior Courts of the 
Blue Kidge Circuit; in 18.57 was elected Governor; 
re-elected in 1859; was again re-eU'cted in 1801, and 
again in 18()3; in 1868 Wius appointed, by the Gov- 
ernor, Chief Justice of the State Supreme Court; re- 
signed in 1870 to accept the Presidency of the West- 
ern Atlantic Railroad Company ; wasapiMiinted United 
States Senator from Cicorgia to fill the vacancy caused 
by the resignation of John B. (iordon in 1880, for 
the term ending in 1885, and his appointment was 
confirmed by the Legislature; w-;us re-elected for the 
term ending March 3, 1891. 

Brown, Milton; was born in Ohio; removed to 
Tennessee; was elected a Representative in Congre.ss 
from that State from 1841 to 1847. 

Brown, Morgan "W.; was a native of Tennessee; 
in 1834 was appointed United States Judge for the 
District comprising that State; resided at NashvUle. 

Brown, Neill S.; was born in Giles County, 
Tennessee, in July, 1810; his parents were poor, and 
unable to give him an education; worked upon the 
farm, and studied at night; his school opportunities 
were almost entirely confined to the winter season, 
at the old-time country log school house; made the 
most of his opportunities, and, upon reaching man- 
hood, studied law; commenced the practice of his 
profession at Pulaski, Giles County. Tennessee, 
about 1833; was a volunteer in the Florida war of 
1836-37; after the close of his ser\-ice returned to 
Pulaski, and to the practice of the law; in 1842 was 
elected a Representative in the Tennessee Legisla- 
tui-e, serving two years; in 1844 was a Presidential 
Elector; in 1847 was the candidate of the Whig party 
against Hon. Aaron V. Brown, for Governor of Ten- 
nessee; was elected; moved to Nashville in October, 
1847; was again a candidate for Governor in 1849, 
but was defeated ; in 1850 was appointed, by Presi- 
<lent Taylor, Minister to Russia, serving four years; 
at the expiration of his service as Ministi-r returned 
to his home at Nashville, and resumed the practice 
of his profes.sion; in 1855, with much reluctance, con- 
sented to become a candidate for the Lower House of 
the Tennessee Legislature; was elected, and, after a 
long contest, w;vs elected Speaker of the House; in 
the fall of 1856 was again a candidate for Presidential 
Elector; in 1861 was appointed, by Go\ernor Harris, 
President of the Military Board of Tennessee; after 
the evacuation of Nashville by the Confederates, he 
took no further part in the war, but remained 
quietly at his home, until he was sent South, within 
the Confederate lines, by Andrew Johnson, Military 
Governor of Tennessee; after the termination of the 
war, leturned to his home, and, in many speeches, 
advised the people to submit to the authorities, and 
to bend their energies to the development of the re- 
sourc<-s of their State; in 1870 was elected a member 
of the State Constitutional Convention, and took an 
active and lea<ling part in the proceedings of that 
body. Died, at his home, in January, 1886. 

Brown, Orlando; was born in Kentucky; in 
July, 1819, was appointed Commissioner of Indian 
Atiairs, being tlic lii-st who held the ollice after it 
became a Bureau of the Interior Department; con- 
tinued in ollice until July, 1850. 

Brown, Robert; was a Represenlalive in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1798 to 1815. 

Brown, Thomas ; w;»s Governor of Florida from 
1849 to 1853. 

Brown, Titus; was bom in Cheshire County, 
New Hampshire; graduated at Middelhury Colleg* 



64 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



in 1811; was a member of the Legislature of New 
Hainp-sliire from 1820 to 1825 ; was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from New Hampshire from 1825 
to 18-29; serving ;us a member offhe Committee on the 
Memorial of the Legislatai-e of Tennessee; in 1842 
was elected to the Stat« Senate and made President: 
also held the offices of Solicitor of Hillsborough 
County from 1823 to 1825, and from 1329 to 1834, and 
Railroad Commissioner. Died at Francistown, New 
Hampshire, January 31, 1849, aged sixty-three years. 

Brown, "William ; was born in Frederick Countj% 
Virginia; wa.s a Representative in Congress from Ken- 
tucky from 1819 to 1823. 

Bro-wn, William G-.; was born in Preston 
County, Virginia, September 2.), 1801; received a 
good English education; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1823; in 1832 was elected to the 
Legislature of Virginia; served again in that capacity 
from 1840 to 1843; was a Representative in Congress 
from Virginia tiom 1845 to 1849; in 1850 was a mem- 
ber of the Virginia State Convention; in ISUO a Del- 
egate to the "Charleston Convention," and also to 
that held in Baltimore; wa.s also a Delegate to the 
"Virginia Convention" of 18(il, and opposed the 
action of the Secessionists; on his return home was 
elected a Representative to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Manufactures 
and the Militia; in ISO'S was re-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth Congre-ss as a Representative from West Vir- 
ginia, and served on the Committee on Claims. 

Brown, "William J.; was born in Kentucky in 
1805; emigrated to Indiana in 1821; was at one time 
.Secretary of State for Indiana, and a member of the 
State Legislature; was a Representative in Congre-ss 
from Indiana from 1843 to 1845, and again from 1849 
to 1851; was Assistant Postmaster-General under 
President Polk; editor of the Indiana fientiiul; State 
Librarian of Indiana; and, at the time of his death, 
Special Agent of the Post Office Department for In- 
diana and Illinois. Died near Indianapolis, March 
18, 1857. 

Brown. "William R. ; was born in Buffiilo, New 
York, in 1840, graduated at Union College in 1802; 
became a lawyer, and settled in Kansas in 1802; wa.s 
elected Judge of the Ninth Judicial District of Kansas 
in 1867; re-elected in 1872; in 1874 was electeil a 
Representative from Kansas to the Forty-fourth Con- 
gress. 

Brown, "William "Wallace ; was born at Sum- 
merhill, Cayuga County, New York, April 22, 1830; 
removed with his parents, to the then wUd country 
now embraced in Elk County, Pennsylvania, where 
he was reared v.ithout educational advantages luitil 
he had almost attained his majority; then attended 
Smithtield Academy, in McKean County, and after- 
wards Alfred College, New York; he had almost com- 
pleted his course at the latter institution, and gradu- 
ating day was near at hand, when the Civil War 
broke out and he, at once, enlisted in the Union 
Army for a three-years term; served with gallantry 
until the close of the war, a large part of tlie time in 
the noted Bucktail Regiment; studied law; was 
elected Recorder of McKean County, Pennsylvania; 
was admitted to the bar in 1806 and engaged in pnic- 
tice; was elected District Attorney in that year; re- 
moved to Erie County, Pennsylvania, in 1869, and 
settled at Corry in the practice of his profession; was 
a Representative in the State Legislatui'e from 1872 
to 1876; in 1878 removed to Bradford, Pennsylvania; 
■was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to 
the Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the 
.Forty-ninth Congress. 



BrO"wne, George H. ; was born in Gloace:rter, 

Rhode Island, in 1818; was left an orphan at an early 
aye, but managing to obtai-i a common school educa- 
tion by his own e.\'crtions, graduated at Brown Uni- 
versity in 1840; studied law, but, soon entering into 
politics, was elected to both the Charter and Sut&age 
Legislatures of his State in 1842; was admitted to 
the bar in 1844; was again elected to the Rhode 
Island Legislature, and re-elected until 1852; during 
that year was appointed, by President Pierce, United 
States Attorney for Rhode Island ; was re-appointed 
by President IJuchanan, which office he held until 
elected a Representative from Rhode Island to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Elections: was a Delegate to the Charleston and 
Baltimore Conventions, and to the Peace Congress of 
1861. 

Browne, John Ross ; was born in Ireland, in 
1817; in his eighteenth year descended the Missis- 
sippi and Ohio Rivers, i'rom Louisville to New Or- 
leans; acquired the art of stenography, :i.nd was tor a 
time a reporter in Washington; in 1846, after visit- 
ing a great portion of the world, published "Etch- 
ings oi a Whaling Cruise, with Notes of a Sojourn on 
the Island of Zanzibar;" visited California in 1849, 
on business for the Government; the Holy Land, in 
1851; the Northern Countries of Europe and Iceland, 
in 1861; was appointed Minister to China in 1808; 
was the author of "An American Family in Ger- 
many;" "Adventures in the Apache Country;" 
"Land of Thor;" "Crusoe's Island, with Sketches 
of California and Washoe;" and Yusef's "Travels ia 
the East; " w;u3 a man of superior ability and high 
character; for the Government he prepared a very 
valuable Report on the Mineral Resources of the 
country west of the Rocky Mountains. Died in Oak- 
land, California, December 8, 1875. 

Browne, Thomas M.; was born at New Paris, 
Ohio, April 19, 1829; removed to Indiana in 1844;' 
received a common school education; studied law, 
and was admitted to practice at Winchester, Indi- 
ana, in 1849; was Prosecuting Attorney for the Thir- 
teenth Judicial Circuit of the State from 1855 to 
1861; Wiis Secretary of the State Senate in 1861, and 
a State Senator in 1803; entered the Union Army as 
Lieutenant-Colonel, during the War of the Rebellion, 
and was promoted to the rank of Colonel and Brevet 
Brigadier-General: was United States Attorney for 
the District of Indiana txom 1869 to 1872; was an 
unsuccessful candidate for Governor of the State in 
1872; was elected a Representative from Indiana to 
the Forty-tifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and For- 
ty-eiijhth Congresses, and was re-elected to the For- 
ty-ninth Congress. 

Brow^ning, Orville H. ; was born in Har:ison 
County, Kentucky; after acquiring a good English 
education, removed to Bracken County, and while 
performing the duties of a clerk in the office of the. 
County and Circuit Clerk, went through a course of 
classical studies at Augusta College ; studied law, and, 
on being admitted to the bar in 1831, settled in 
Quincy, Illinois, where he subsequently resided; 
served through the Black Hawk War in 1832; in 1836 
was elected a Senator in the Illinois Legislature, and • 
served in that capacity four years; in 1840 was elected 
to the Lower House, serving two years; in conjunc- 
tion with his friend, Abraham Lincoln, was instru- 
mental in forming the RepubUcan party of Dlinois 
at the Bloomington Convention; was a Delegate to 
the Chicago Convention of 1860, and was a waim 
supporter of the Government during the Rebellion. 
On the death of S. A. Douglass, in 1861, was ap- 
pointed a Senator in Congress to fill the vacancy 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



65 



until the subsequent election of W. A. Richardson, 
in 1863; on the organization of the Niitional Union 
Executive Committee, in June, 1866, he became an 
active member of the same; anil on the retirement of 
James Harlan as Secretary of the Interior, on Sep- 
tember 1, 1866, he entered President Johnson's Cabi- 
net as Secretary of the Interior Department; was 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia " National 
Union Convention" in 1866; on the resignation of 
Mr. Stanbery as Attonicy-Cieiieral, in March, 1868, 
he was designated by I'residcTit Johnson to perform 
the duties of that office, in addition to his own as 
Secretary of the Interior Department. In 1869 he 
was elected to the State Constitutional CoDvention. 

BrO'wnlO'W, 'William G-.; was born in Wythe 
County, Virginia, August 2'.), 1865; in Iiis eighteenth 
year removed to Abingdon, and apprenticed himself 
teahouse-carpenter; on completing his term of in- 
denture entered the Methodist traveling ministry; 
removed to Tennessee in 1831; from 1837 to 1862, 
published and edited a newspaper called the M'hiij, 
at Knoxville; having always been a supporter of the 
Union, when the Rebellion began, he was very severe 
in his denunciations; for his boldness and loyalty 
was imprisoned, suftering greatly in person and 
property ; was elected Governor of Tennessee in 1865; 
re-elected in 1867; in 1868, was elected a Senator in 
Congress from Tennessee for six years from 1869, 
serving on the Committees on Pensions and Revolu- 
tionary Claims, being Chairman of the latter Com- 
mittee until 18T5; published a work on Methodism, 
entitled "The Iron Wheel Examined and its False 
Spokes Extracted;" the events of his political life 
were fully set forth in volumes, entitled " Debates on 
Slavery," and "Sketches of Secession ;" after leaving 
the Senate he returned to his old profession of jour- 
nalism. 

Brownson, Nathan; graduated at Yale College 
in 1761 ; studied medicine and practiced in Liberty 
County, Georgia; was a member of the Provincial 
Congiess in 1775; was for some time, a surgeon in 
the army; Speaker of the Legislature of 1781, by 
which body he was chosen Governor of Georgia; was 
a Delegate to the Continental Congress from 1776 to 
1778; Speaker of the Georgia House of Represent- 
atives in 1788; President of the Senate from 1789 to 
1791: in 1789 was a member of the Convention that 
framed the State Constitution. Died in Liberty 
Countj-, Georgia, in November, 1796. 

Bruce, B. K..; was born, of slave parents, in 
Prince Edward County, Virginia, March 1, 1841; 
went to Mississippi in his boyhood; subsequently 
removed to Mi.ssouri, but returned to Mississippi in 
1869; his education was limited; while following the 
occupation of a planter, held the positions of Serg- 
eant-at-Arms of tlie State Senate for two years, 
Sherifl" and Tax Collector of Bolivar County for four 
years, and a Levee Commissioner lor three years; was 
elected a Senator in Congress tor the term commenc- 
ing in 1875, and ending in 1881; in May, 1881, was 
appointed Register of the Treasury of the United 
States. 

Bruce, John ; was born in Stirlingshire, Scot- 
land, February 16, 18.3d; emigrated, with his fatlu-r, 
to the United States, in 1810, .settling in Wayne 
County, Ohio; during his boyhood, attended the 
District School in winter and workctl on his lather's 
farm in the summer; then attended an academy for a 
time; graduated from Franklin College, Ohio, in 
1854; removed toIowa;studied Uiw, and was admitted 
to tlie bar in 18.56; engaged in the practice of law, at 
Keokuk, Iowa, as the partner of Hon. George W. 
McCrary, now United States Circuit Judge; at the 



breaking out of the Rebellion entered the X^nion 
Army; served throughout the war, rising to the rank 
of Ccdonel and Brevet Brigadier-General; settlid in 
Alabama as a cotton planter; was a Rejiresentative in 
the State Legislature in 1872 and 1874; in 1875 was 
appointed, by President Grant, United States District 
Judge for the District of Alabama. 

Bruce, Phineas ; was bom June 17, 1762; was 
a graduate of Yale College in 1786; was a member of 
the Ma.ssachusetts Legislature in 1792, 1793, 1796, 
and 1800; was elected a Representative in Congre^is 
from Massachusetts from 1803 to 1805. Died Octo- 
ber 4, 1809. 

Bruin, Peter Bryan; was appointed, in 1798, 
by I'resident Adams, one of the tirst United States 
Judges for the Tenritory of Mississippi. 

Brimina, Charles N.; was born at Pottsville, 
Pennsyhania, June 9, 1838 ; received a common 
scliool education, and attended the Pennsylvania Col- 
lege for one year; learned the trade of a watchmaker; 
studied law; enlisted in the Union Army in 1801, 
and served throughout the war, lieing comniissioned 
an Assistant-Quartermaster and detailed on .stutf duty ; 
completed his law studies, and was admitted to prac- 
tice in 1871 ; was an unsuccessful candidate for a seat 
in the Forty-sixtli Congress; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-seventh, 
Forty-eighth, and Forty -ninth C'ougres.ses. 

Brush, Henry ; was born in Dutchess County, 
New York, in 1778; settled in Ohio in 1803; w;\.s"a 
lawyer by profession; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Ohio from 1819 to 1821 ; was a Judge of 
the Supreme Court of the State. Died January 19, 
1855, aged seventy-seven years. 

Brusm, Andre-w D. "W.; was born in New York; 
was elected a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1837 to 1838. Died at Ithaca, in July, 
1838, before the expiration of his term. 

Bryan, George S.; was born in Pcnn.sylvania; 
received a liberal education; settled in Cliarlestim, 
.South Carolina; in 1866 was appointed United States 
Judge for the District comprising that State. 

Bryan, Guy M. ; was born in Mis.souri, June 12, 
1821; received a liberal education; studied law; bore 
a part in the militaiy campaign of Texas in 1836; 
in 1846 went to the Rio Grande, under General Tay- 
lor; in 1847 was elected to the Texas Legi.sluture, 
and served in the Hou.se and Senate seven years; was 
elected a Representative iiom Texas to the Tliirtj- 
fiith Congress, serving on the Committee on Agri- 
culture. 

Bryan, Henry H.; was born in Martin County, 
North Carolina; was a Representative in Congress 
from Tennessee from 1819 to 1823, and was a mem- 
ber of tlie Committee on Private Land Chiims. Died 
in Montgomery County, Tennessee, in May, 1835. 

Bryan, John A.; was born in Ma.ssachusetts; 
after liolding a Clerkship in the General Post Ollice, 
was, in 1842, appointed Second Assistant Postmaster- 
General, holding the position about one year; it was 
a son of his who was subsequently counicted with 
the Postal Service of the Empire of Japan. 

Bryan, John A.; was a citizen of Ohio; in 1844 
was appointed Charge d^ Affaires to Peru, but re- 
mained tliere only about one year, when he retiuned 
to the United States. 

Bryan, John H.; was born in Newbern County, 
North Carolina, in 1798; giaduated at the University 



liU 



BIOGRAPHICAL AXNALS. 



of North Carolina in 1815; was a lawyer by profes- 
sion; served a number of years in the State Legisla- 
ture; was a member of Congress from North Carolina 
from 18-25 to 18-27. 

Bryan, Joseph ; was elected a Eepresentative in 
Coii^^rcss from Georgia from 1803 to 1806. 

Bryan, Joseph H.; was a Representative in Con- 
gre.-iS from North Carolina from 1815 to 1819. 

Bryan, Nathan ; was born in Jones County, 
North Carolina; in 1791 represented that county in 
the House of Commons; was a member of Congress 
from North Carolina, from 1795 to 1798. Died at 
Philadelphia, June 4, during the latter year. He 
was a i)rominent Baptist, and a most exemplary 
Christian. 

Bryant, Ed-w-in E.; was born at Jlilton, Ver- 
mont, January 10, 183S; received an academic edu- 
cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1857; 
the same year removed to "Wisconsin, and entered 
ui)on the practice of law; in 18fil entered the Union 
Army as a volunteer; served throughout the Civil 
War,' being successively promoted an officer in line, 
staff, and field; after the close of the war, resigned 
his commission and resumed the practice of his pro- 
lession; from 1868 to 187-2 was Pri\ate and Executive 
Secretary to the Governor of Wisconsin; from 1876 
to 188-2 was Adjutant-General of Wisconsin; in 1878 
was elected a Representative in the Wisconsin Legis- 
I-.iture; declined a re-nomination; in 1885 was ap- 
iioiiited, by President Cle^■eland, Assistant Attorney- 
G.'iieral of the United States for the Post Office De- 
partment. 

Bryant, William P.; was an early emigrant to 
Oregon when it was a Territory; in 1849 was ap- 
pointed Chief Justice of the United States Court for 
that District. 

Bryde, Archibald M.; was bom in Moore 
(.'oimty, North Carolina; was a Representative in 
Congress from that State fi-om 1809 to 1813; subse- 
q'-iently a member of the State Senate for two years. 

Buchanan, Andre-w; was born in Pennsyl- 
vania; was a Representative in Congress from that 
Slate from 1635 to 1839. 

Buchanan, Hugh ; was born in Argyleshire, 
Scotland, September 15, 1823; received an aKrdemic 
education; emigrated to the United States; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1845; w.as elected to the State 
Senate of Georgia in 1855, and re-elected in 1857; 
was a Delegate to tlie Democratic National Conven- 
tion of 1856; was a Presidential Elector in 1800; 
sewed in the Confederate Army during the War of 
the Rebellion: was a Delegate to the Democratic Na- 
tional Conventiim of l-^liS; was a Judge of the 
Superior Court flora 1872 until nominated for Con- 
gress in 1880, when he resigned; was a member of 
tlie State Constitutional Convention of 1877; was 
elected a Representative from Georgia to the Forty- 
seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Buchanan, James ; was born at Ringocs, Hnn- 
tc.don County, New Jersey, June 17, 1-^39; was 
'.lared on a tarni; was edircated at the public .schools 
and at Clinton Academy; read law for tour years in 
a lawyer's office, and tlien attended the Law School 
of Albany Uni\ersity, New Vork; was admitted to 
tlu; bar in 1864, and engaged in ])ractice at Trenton, 
Niw Jersey: in 1866 wa.s Reading Clerk of the New 
Jei-sey Legislature; was a tnember of the Board of 
lulncation of Trenton, New Jersev, from 1868 to 1879; 



was Presiding Judge of ilercer County, New Jersey, 
from 1874 to 1879; was a member of the Common 
Council of Trenton, New Jersey, from 1883 to 1885; 
in 1884 was elected a Representative fi-om New Jer- 
sey to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Buchanan, James ; was born in Franklin Coun- 
ty, Pennsylvania, Aprir'23, 1791; after a regular 
course of classical education studied and practiced 
law in Lancaster, Pennsylvania; in 1814 was elected 
to the State Legislature of Pennsylvania, and re- 
elected the next year; in 1821 entered Congress as a 
Representative from the Lancn.ster District, where 
he continued until 1831, when he declined a re-elec- 
tion: in 1833 was appointed, by President Jackson, 
Minister to Russia; on his return from that mission, 
in 1834, was elected by the Pennsylvania Legislature 
to the Senate of the United States, to fill the unex- 
pired term of William Wilkins, who had resignedj 
was re-elected in 1837, and again in 1843; in 1845 
resigned his seat in the Senate, and became Secretary 
of State, and the head of the Calunet of President 
Polk: at the close of that eventful .administration re- 
tired to private life at his residence of " Wheatland, ' ' 
near Lancaster; was again summoned to the public 
service in 1853, when he accepted, from President 
Pierce, the appointment of Minister of the United 
States to the Court of St. James; having resigned 
this office, returned home in 1856; in the summer of 
that year received the Democratic nomination for 
President of the United States; in the following 
November was elected to that position; in March, 
1857, entered upon its duties, and served until the 
commencement of the Rebellion in 1861; in 1865 he 
published a book giving a history of the close of his 
administration. Died at Wheatland, Pennsylvania, 
June 1, 1368. 

Buchanan, James M.; was a citizen of Mary- 
land; was Minister Resident to Denmark from 1858 
to 1861. 

Bucher, John C; was for many years a Judge 
of the Circuit Court of Pennsylvania; a Representa- 
tive in Congress from that State from 1831 to 1833. 
Died in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, October '26, 1851. 

Buck, Alfred E.; was born at Foxcroft, Maine, 
February 7, 1832; received an academic education; 
graduated at Waterville College in 1859; was princi- 
pal of the high school at Lewiston in 1860; entered 
the army in 1861 as Captain in Thirteenth JIaine 
Infantry ; was Lieutenant^Colonel of Ninety-first Col- 
ored Troops in 1863, and of the Fifty-first Colored 
Troops in 1864; was brevetted Colonel of Volunteers 
for gallant conduct at the siege of Fort Blakely in 
1865; was mustered out of service at Baton Rouge in 
1866; was a member of the Constitutional Convention 
of Alabama in 1867; was appointed, by General 
Pope, Clerk of the Circuit Coun of Mobile County in 
1867, and was elected to the .same office in 1868; was 
Presidential Elector in 1868; was elected to the 
Forty-first Congress. 

Buck, Daniel ; was a lawyer by profession, and 
one of the earliest settlers in Vermont; was a Repre- 
-sentative in Congress from that State from 1795 to 
1797, and died in 1817; was the fatlier of the Hon. 
Daniel A. A. Buck. 

Buck, Daniel Azro A.; was born in Vermont 
in 1789; gradu;\ted at JlidiUebury College in 1807, 
and at the West Point Military Academj' in 1808, 
when he entered the arm}'; resigned his commission 
in 1811; was appointed as a Captain in the army in 
1813; finally left the military service in 1815; estab- 
lished himself as a law\-er at Chelsea, A'ermont, and 




# 





rZ77ze^ (2y^u/:'1^^Z^:^^.€6<^z/2 



B I O (J K A 1" 11 1 C A L A N X A L S . 



67 



was for fourteen years a mi'inljer of the State Legis- 
lature, olliruitiiif; about lialf of tliat lime as Speaker 
oftlie Lower House; lilletl the olliee of State Attor- 
ney for Orange County for six years; in 18:21 was a 
Pi'esiilential Elector; was a Keiireseiit-ative in Con- 
gress from V(;ruiont from 18;2:{ to 1825, and again 
from 18:27 to 18:29; was suljseiiuently connected with 
the Indian Bureau of tlie War Department at Wash- 
ington, where he died, December "24, 1841. 

Buck, Charles "W.; was born at Vicksburg, Mis- 
sissippi, .Marcli 17, lf<49, received a classical educa- 
tion, graduating from Georgetown College, Kentucky, 
in 1869; six months later took the degree of Batche- 
lor of Laws at the University in Lexington, Ken- 
tucky; remained in Lexiugton for a time pursuing a 
course of reading in the Unv; in ihe fall of 1870 re- 
moved to St. Louis, Missouri, and soon aft«r to 
Oreenville, Mississij^pi, wliere he engaged in the 
practice of law; the year following removed to Vicks- 
burg, Mississippi, continuing the practice of his pro- 
fession; took an active part in politics; in 1874 set- 
tled in Louisville, Kentucky, in the practice of law; 
in 1878 removed to Woodford County, Kentucky, 
where, in 1879, he was elected County .Judge, serv- 
ing four years; on March 31, 1885, was appointed, 
by I'resident Cleveland, Envoy Extraordinary and 
jiinister Plenipotentiary of the United States to 
Peru. 

Buck, John R.; was born at Gastonbury, Con- 
nerliiMit, Dcieuiber ti, 18.;(i; received an academic 
education and silent one year at Wesleyan Univer- 
sity; studied law; was admitted to the liar in 186'2, 
and established himself in tlie practice at Ilartlbrd, 
Connecticut; was Treasurer of the County of Hart- 
ford from 1863 to 1881; w;is Clerk of the State House 
of Kepresentatives in 1865; Clerk of the vState Senate 
in 1866; President of the Common Council of Hart- 
ford in 1868; City Attorney in 1871 and 1873; State 
Senator in 188U and 1881; was elected a Representa- 
tive, from Connecticut, to the Fortj'-seveuth Con- 
gress; was also elected to the Forty -ninth Congress. 

Buck, Norman; was llorn at Lancaster, Erie 
County, New .York, April 13, 1833; received a clas- 
sical education, graduating from Lawrence Univer- 
sity, Wisconsin, in 1859; graduated from the Law 
Department of the University of Albany, New York, 
in 186U, and was admitted to the l»ai-; tlie same year 
removed to Winona, Minnesota, ami counueneed tlie 
practice of law; served in the Union Army from 186:2 
to 1865, rising to the rank of Captain; was Judge ol 
Protjate for Winona County, Jlinnesota, from 1865 
to 1871, when he resigned, because of a disease ot 
tl)e eyes contracted in the army; in 1871! was elected 
I'rosccuting Attorne.v for tlie same County; in 1878 
was apiiointed United States Attorney for tlie Terri- 
tory of Idaho; in 1879 was appointed an Associate 
.histice of the Supreme Court of that Territory, re- 
siding at Lewiston; was re-appointed in 1884. 

Buckalew, Charles R.; wa-s born in Columbia 
County. Pcniisylvaniii, Dcceiiibcr ;28, 18:il; adopted 
the profession of the law, and was adniilted to prac- 
tice in 1813; was Prosecuting Attorney for his native 
county from 1815 to 1817; was a Senator in the State 
Legislature from 1850 to 1856; in 1854 was a Com- 
missioner to excliange the rati Meat ions of a Treaty 
with Paraguay; Wiis a Senatorial Presidential Elec- 
tor in 1856; in 1857 was Chairman of the State Dem- 
ocratic Committee; during tlie same year w^;is re- 
elected to tlie State Senate, and also appointed a 
Commissioner to revise the Penal Code of I'ennsyl- 
vania; in 1858 resigned the two latter positions, and 
was appoiated, by President Buchanan, Resident 



Minister to Ecuador, returning lionie in 1S61 ; in 1863 
was elected a Senator in Congress from Pennsylvania, 
by a ni;ijorj|y of one vote, for the term ending in 
1869, serving on the Committees on Indian Atfairs, 
Post Ofliees and Post Roads, Pensions, Mines and 
Mining, Foreign Relations,' Contingent Exiienses of 
the Senate, and Retrenchment, and also Cliairman of 
the Committee on Ventilation; in 1869 was elected 
to tlie State Senate; held other public positions in 
I'ennsjdvania. 

Buckingham, William A.; was born in Leba- 
non, Connecticut, in 1804; received a common school 
education; was brought up on his father's farm; at 
the age of twenty entere I a store in Nin'wich, in 
which city he was eminently successl'ul as a mer- 
chant and in various kinds of manufacturing; waa 
elected Mayor of Norwich in 1849, 1850, 1856, and 
18.j7; was a Presidential Elector in 18.56; in 1858 waa 
elected Governor of Connecticut; re-elected tor seven 
years, in wliich capacity he rendered important ser- 
vices in raising and forwarding troops during the 
progress of the Rebellion; was elected a Senator in 
Congress from Couuecticut for six years, for the term 
commencing in 1869 and ending in 1875, serving on 
the Committees on Commerce, Indian Aft'au'S, En- 
grossed Bills, and several other important commit- 
tees. Died in Norwich, in Februaiy, 1875, only a 
few weeks before the expiration of his term. He 
was noted for his pure character and great benevo- 
lence. 

Buckland, Ralph P.; was born in Leydenj 
Massachusetts, January 20, 181-i; removed to Ohio 
in the same year; was educated at Kenyou College, 
but did not graduate; studied law and came to the 
bar in 18:17; was elected to the Senate of Ohio in 
1855 anil 1857, serving four years; in 1861 was ap- 
pointed Colonel of the Seventy -second Ohio Infantry, 
and tbnght in the battle of Siiiloh as the commander 
of a brigade; was made a Brigadim'-General in the 
winter of 18S-2-'63, and in that capacity fought at 
Vicksburg; was subseciuently in command of the 
District of Mempliis; during his absence on the tield 
in 1864 was elected a Representative from Ohio to 
the Thirty-nintli Congress, serving on the Commit- 
I -es on Blinking and Currency, and on the Militia; 
was aDeb'gate to the Philadelpliia "Loyalists' Con- 
vention" of 1866, and of the "Soldiers' Convention," 
held at Pittsburgh; re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress. 

Buckley, Charles W. ; was born in Otsego 
County, New York, February 8, 1835; wiis educated 
at the Union Theological Seminary of New York; 
served ;is a Cliaplain in the Union Army during a 
part of tlic Rebellion; was subsequently an Assistant 
Superintendent of the Freedmeii's Bureau; was a 
Dek^gtite to the State Constitutional Convention of 
1867; was eh-cted a Kepr(^sentative from Alabama to 
the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
the Navy Department. 

Buckner, Alexander ; emigrated from Indiana 

to .Missouri in 1818; was a memlicr of the Conven- 
tion which formed the Constitution of that State; 
served scneral .years in the State Legislature; was a 
Senator in Congress from Missouri from 1S:!1 to 1833, 
and died in May, 1833. His term would have ex- 
pired in 1837. 

Buckner, Aylett Hawes ; was born at Freder- 
icksburg, Virginia, December 14, 1817; educated at 
Georgetown College, and at the Uiiivei-sity of Vir- 
ginia; taught school and studied law; emigrated to 
Missouri iu 1837; in 1841 was elected Clerk of the 
Countv Probito Court of Pike County; in 18.50 ve 



08 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



moved to St. Louis and practiced his profession ; was 
chosen Attorney for the Bank of tlie State of Missouri 
in 1852; in 1854 was appointed Commissioner of Pub- 
lic Works: in 1857 w;us elected Judge of the Thii-d 
Judicial Circuit; in 1861 was one of tlie Delegates to 
the Peace Congress; was elected to the Forty-third 
and Forty-fourth Congresses, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Private Land Claims; in December, 1875, was 
appointed Chairman of the Committee on the Dis- 
trict of Columbia; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth, 
Forty -sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Con- 
gresses. 

Buckner, Aylitt ; was born in Greensburg, 
Green County, Kentucky; educated at New Athens 
Seminary in that town ; was a member of the House 
of Representatives of the State in ISi'i and 1843; was 
a Representative in Congress ti-om Kentucky from 
1847 to 1849. 

Buckner, Richard A.; was born in Fauquier 
County, Virginia, 1763; was a Representative in 
Congress from Kentucky from 1833 to 1829; a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1841. Died at his residence in 
Greensburg, Kentucky, December 8, 1817. 

Budd, James H.; was born in Janesville, Wis- 
consin, ilay 18, 1851; removed with his parents to 
San Joaquin County, California, in 1857; received a 
collegiate education, graduating from the California 
State University in 1873; studied law; was admitted 
to practice in the lower coui'ts iu 1873, and in the 
Supreme Court in 1874; iu 1875 was nominiited for 
the Assembly but declined; was a memlier of the 
Governor's Staff from 1875 to 1879; served as United 
States Commissioner for several years, and w;is also 
Deputy District Attorney of his county; in 1882 
was nominated, by his party, for Congressman, his 
;district having hitherto given large opposition major- 
ities; after a most thorough and vigorous personal 
■canvass was elected a Representative from Calilbrnia 
to the Forty-eighth Cougress, running far ahead of 
his colleagues on the ticket. 

Buel, Alexander H.; was born in Fairfield, 
Herkimer County, New York; received a limited ed- 
ucation; was a prominent and successful merchant; 
was a Representative in Congress fr;;m New York 
from 1850 until the time of his death, which occurred 
iu Washington City, January 30, 1853. 

Buel, Alexander W.; was born in Rutland 
County, Vermont, in 1813; graduated at Jliddlebury 
College in 1830; tauglit school for several years iu 
Vermont and New York, during which period he 
prepared himself for the practice of the law; in 1834 
took up his residence iu Jlichigan; iu 1836 was At- 
torney for the city of Detroit ; in 1837 was elected to 
the State Legislature; in 1843 and 1844 was Prose- 
cutiug Attorney for Wayne County; in 1847 was 
again elected to the Legislature; from 1849 to 1851 
w;is a Representative in Congress from Michigan, and 
was a member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs. 
Died in Detroit, April 17, 1878. 

BuflBngton, Joseph ; was born in Pennsylvania, 
and was a Repr&sentative in Congress from that State 
from 1843 to 1847. 

Bufflngton, Joseph ; was appointed Chief Jus- 
tice of the United States Court in Utah, in 1850, and 
was the first who held that position. 

Bufflnton, James; was bom in Fall River, 
Massachusetts, JIarch 16, 1817; educated at tlie 
Friends' College, Providence; served, for a time, in a 
factory at Fall River; studied medicine; went upon 



a whaling voyage ; afterwards became a merch.ant by 
occupation; was Mayor of the city of Fall River dur- 
ing the years 1854 and 1855; was elected a Represent- 
ative from Massachusetts to the Thirty-fourth and , 
Thirty-fifth Congresses, serving as a member of the I 
Committ.ee on Jlilitary Affairs; was also re-elected to ' 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Military Affairs; re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Accounts; in March, 1867, was ap- 
pointed, by President Johnson, a Collector of In- 
ternal Revenue for Massachusetts; was elected to the 
Forty-first, Forty-second, Forty-third, and Forty- 
fourth Congresses. Died at Fall Eiver, July 7, 
1875. 

Buffiim, Joseph, Jr.; was bora in Fitchburg, 
Massachusetts, September 23, 1784; graduatel at 
Dartmouth College in 1807; adopted the profession j 
of the law; was a Representative in Congress from I 
New Hamnshire from 1819 to 1821, and a member of ( 
the Committees on Expenditures in the Navj' De- ; 
partment and on Public Buildings. 

Bugg, Robert M.; was born in Tennessee; was 
a Repress'itative iu Congress from Tennessee from 
1853 to 18".5. 

Bull, John ; was a Delegate from South Carolina 
to the Continental Congress from 1784 to 1787, 

Bull, John; was a Representative in Congress 
from Missouri from 1833 to 1835. 

BuUard, Henry Adams ; was born in Groton, 

Massacliusetts, September 9, 1781; was educated at ,| 
Harvard University, and graduated in 1807; was a 
lawyer by profession ; his knowledge of the modern 
languages brought him in contact with General 
Toledo, in Philadelphia, who was organizing an ex- 
pedition to revolutionize New Mexico; joined him ;is 
liis Aid and Military Secretary; spent the winter of 
1812 with him at Nashville, and accompanied hira 
into New Mexico in the spring. They were defeated 
by the royal troops, iu a pitched battle, at Sin An- 
tonio, and suffered severe hardships; he managed to 
reach Natchitoches, and there remained and com- 
menced the practice of his profession; in 1822 was 
elected to a seat on the District Bench, and performed 
its duties for several years; in 1831 was chosen a 
Representative in Congress from Louisiana, and 
served until 1834; was then elevated to the Supreme 
Bench of Louisiana, and filled the office until 1816, 
with the exception of a few months in 1839, when ho 
acted as Secretary of State; then removed to New 
Orleans; in 1847 was appointed Professor of the Civil 
Law in the Law .School of Louisiana, and delivered 
two courses of lectures; in 1850 was elected to the 
Legislature; a few weeks later was chosen to fill a 
vacancy in Congress occasioned by the resignation of 
C. M. Conrad, and served again in the House of Rep- 
resentatives one year; on his return jouruev home- 
ward was prostrated by fatigue and exposure; 
lingered three weeks, and died in New Orleans, 
April 17, 1851, 

Bullitt, Alexander Scott ; wa.s bom in Prince 
William County, Virginia, in 1761; emigrated to 
Kentucky in 1784; was a Delegate to the Constitu- 
tional Convention of 1792; was President of the Ken- 
tucky Senate for several years; in 1799 wasPresideut 
of the Convention to amend the State Constitution; 
Lieutenant-Governor from 1800 to 1804; again in the 
Legislature until 1608. Died iu Jefferson County, 
Kentucky, April 13, 1816. 

Bullitt, George ; w;is born in Kentucky; was a 
Judge of the United States Court for the Territory oi 



B I O (J K A 1' 1 1 1 C A L A N N A L S . 



69 



Missouri, appointed by President Madison in 1814, 
lioldiug the office until the establishment of the State 
Government. 

BuUocli, James R.; was a native of Rhode 
Island; was appointed a Judge of the United States 
Court for that District. 

Bulloch, 'William B ; was born in Georgia in 
177(); was a lawyer by profession, being a prominent 
member of the bar as early :is ISOO; in 1809 was 
Mayor of Savannah, and subsequently Collector of 
that port; was United States Senator from Georgia in 
18K!. by appointment, but was superseded by W. B. 
Bibb; in ISIG was chosen President of the Bank of 
Georgia, of which he was one of the founders, and 
held the office twenty-seven years. Died in Savan- 
nah, Georgia, Mai'ch 6, 1652. 

Ballock, Alexander Hamilton; was born at 
Eoyalston, Massachusetts, March "2, 1616; graduated 
at Amherst College in 1836; was admitted to the bar 
in 1841; was a member of the Legislature in 1845, 
1847, 184S, 1861, and 1862; State Senator in 1849; 
Commissioner of Insolvency in 1853; Judge of In- 
solvency from 1856 to 1858; Mayor of Worcester in 
1859; Governor of Massachusetts from 18(i6 to 1869; 
received the degree of LL. D. from Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1866; published several addresses and 
speeches. 

Bullock, Archibald; was a Delegate from 
Georgia to the Continental Congress from 1775 to 
1776. 

Bullock, Rufus B. ; w.as elected Governor of 
Georgia in 1869, and remained in office until 1872. 

Bullock, Stephen ; was born in Massachusetts 
in 1735; was a member of the Convention which 
formed the Constitution of that State; frequently 
served in the State Legislature; w.asa Representatixe 
in Congress from Massachusetts from 1797 to 1799; 
subsequently became Judge of the Common Pleas tor 
Bristol Comity; served in the State Senate, and as a 
member of the E-xecutive Council of JIassachusetts. 
Died in 1816,. in Massachusetts, aged eighty-one 
years. 

Bullock, Wing-fleld ; was elected a member of 
the Kentucky Senate from Shelby County from 1812 
to 1814; resigned in 1813; w;is elected a Represent- 
ative in (.'ougress from Kentucky for the years 1820 
and 1821. Died October 13, 1821, before taking his 
seat. 

Bunch, Samuel; was born in 1786; commanded 
a regiment in the Indian War, under General Andrew 
Jackson, and, iu the charge of the battle of the 
Horseshoe, was the first or .second man over the 
brea.stworks of the enemy; was a Representative in 
Congress from Tennessee from 1833 to 1837. Died in 
Granger County, Tennessee, September 5, 1849. 

Bundy.HezekiahS.; wasbornin Marietta, Ohio, 
August 15, 1817; received a common-.sebool educa- 
tion; his lather having been killed by the falling of 
a tree when he was a mere boy, he took upon him- 
self tlie support of the family; was iu the mercantile 
business as clerk and proi)rietor I'rom Ki't to 184(>; 
after that turned his attention to fanning, and in 
1854 became connected with the furnace business; 
during all these avocations he studied law, and came 
to the bar in 1850; was elected to the State Legisla- 
ture in 1848; re-elected iu 1850; in 1855 was chosen a 
State Senator; was a Presidential Elector in 1860; in 
1864 w:is elected a Representative from Ohio lo the 



Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Manufactures ,'ind W^eights and M;'as:ires; was a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1866; was elected to the Forty-third Con- 
gress, and was Chairman of the Committee on 
Mileage. 

Bundy, Solomon ; was born at O.^ford, Chen- 
ango County, New York, May 22, 1823; received an 
academic education and taught school several years; 
studied law; was admitted to the bar iu 1859, and 
began to practice at Oxford; wa-; District Attorney 
of Chenango County from 1862 to 1S65: was electtid 
a Representative fi'om New York to the Forty-tU'th 
Congress. 

Bunn, Ronaanzo ; was born at South llartwiek, 
New York, September 24, 1829; in 1832 removed 
with his parents, to Western New York, and resided 
on a farm until sixteen years of age; during this 
period attended the common schools: taught school 
in the winter and attended Springville .\cademy in 
the spring and fall, thereby acquirin^^ a good educa- 
tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1853, 
and engaged in practice at EUicottville, New Y'ork; 
in 1854 removed to Galesville, Wisconsin, where he 
continued the practice of law; in 1859 was elected a 
Representative in the State Legislature; in Isiil re- 
moved to Sparta, Wisconsin; was elected Circuit 
Judge of the Sixth Judicial Circuit for the term of 
six J'ears, and was re-elected; in 1877, before the ex- 
piration of his second term, was appointed United 
States District .ludge for the Western District of Wis- 
consin, and removed to Madison, Wisconsin. 

Bunner, Rudolph ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1827 to 1829. Died at 
Otsego, July 23, 1837, aged tifty-eight j-ears. 

Bunnell, Frank C; was born in Washington 
Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, March 19, 
1842; his father was a farmer and the son worked 
on the farm, attending school in the winters, until 
sixteen years of age, when he w;is sent to Wyoming 
Seminaiy, Kingston, Pennsylvania; at the breaking 
out of the Civil War he left the Seminary and en- 
listed in the Union Army .as a private of the Fitty- 
second Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers; was 
made Quartermaster's Sergeant in 1862: losing his 
health he was discharged from the service in 1863; 
and, in 1864, engaged in mercantile pursuits at 
Washl.igton, Pennsylvania; in 1865 removed to 
Tunkbannock, Pennsylvania, where he continued in 
trade uutil 1870; attluit time he engaged in banking, 
farming, and other enterprises; in IsiM was elected 
Treasurer of Washington Township for one year; in 
1872 w;\s elected a Representative in Congress for 
the unexpired term of Uly.sses -Mcrcur; in 1875 w;us 
elected President of Wyoming Coiuity Agricultural 
Society and continued to be re-elect<!d each year; 
was a member of the Board of Educ.ition from 1881 
to 1884; in 1881 was appointed, by the Governor, a 
member of the Pennsylvania Bi-Ci^utennial Associa- 
tion; in 1883 was elected Treasurer of Tunkli;innock 
tor one year; was Burgess iu 1883 and 1881; in 1884 
Wits elected a Representative fr'om Pennsylvania to 
the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Burchard, Horatio C; was born in M:irshall, 
Oneida Connt.v, New York, Srpteml)er '22, I8i5; 
graduated at Hamilton College, New York, in 1850; 
studied law; engaged in mercantile busine-ss; w;ia 
School Commissioner in Stephenson County, Illinois, 
from 1857 to 1860; was a member of the Legislature 
in 1863, 1864, 1865, and 18()6; w;is elected to the 
Forty-lirst and Forty -second Congresses, and was re- 
elected to the Forty-third Congress, serving on the 



70 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Committee on Ways and Means; was re-elected to the 
Forty-tit'th Congress; in February, 1879, was ap- 
pointed Director of the United States ilint. 

Bvirchard, Matthe-w; was bom in Massachu- 
setts; in 1840 w;is appointed Solicitor of the Treas- 
ury, remaining in olBce until 1841. 

Burchard, Samuel D.; was born in Leyden, 
Lewis County, New York, July 17, 1836; removed, 
with his father, to Wisconsin in 1845; was educated 
at Madison University, in New York, but was pre- 
vented from gi-aduatiug on account of his health; en- 
gaged in the manulacturing of woolen goods; was a 
Lieutenant in the Missouri Militia during the Rebel- 
lion; was appointed a Captain in the Volunteer ser- 
vice, and as Quartermaster was assigned to duty in 
New Y'ork, where he had charge of the purchase of 
forage for the seaboard armies; was mustered out of 
service as a Major; returned to Wisconsin; was 
elected to the State Senate in 1872; in 1874 was 
elected a Representative from Wisconsin to the For- 
ty-fourth Congress. 

Bivrd, Georg-e ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania, from 18ol to 18;!r>. Died at Bed- 
ford, Pennsylvania, January 13, 1844, aged fifty 
years. 

Burdett, Samuel S.; was bom in Leicestershire, 
England, February '31, 183G; emigrated to Oliio in 
1848; was educated at Oberlin College; removed to 
Clinton County, Io%va, in 1857; studied law, and 
came to the bar in 1858; in 1861 entered the Volun- 
teer Army as a private, and before the close of his 
term of enlistment, in 1864, w;is promoted to Cap- 
tain; was a Presidential Elector in 1864 from Iowa; 
in 1865 emigrated to St. Clair County, Missouri; in 
1866 was made Circuit Attorney for tlie Seventh Ju- 
dicial District; was a Delegate to the Chicago Con- 
vention of 1868; was elected a Representative trom 
Missouri to the Forty-tirst Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Education and Labor, and Elections; 
in 1874 was appointed Commissioner of the General 
Land Office in Washington. 

Burdick, Theodore Weld ; was born at Evans- 
hurg, C'ra\vford County, Pennsylvania, October 7, 
18:16; received an ai'ademic education: in 1853 re- 
moved, with his parents, to Decorah, Iowa; was Dep- 
uty Ticasurer and Recorder of Winnishiek County 
from 1854 until 1857, and Treasurer and Recorder 
from 1857 until 18()2, when he resigned to recruit a 
company for the Union Army; was commissioned a 
Captain, and served tluoughout tlie war; after being 
mustered out returned to Decurali andbeeami- cashier 
of the First National Bank of tliat place; was elected 
a Representative from Iowa to the Forty-tilth Con- 
gress. 

Surges, Tristam ; was born in Plymouth Coun- 
ty, JIassachusetts, February 2(i, 1770; graduated at 
the Kliode Island College in 1796; studied law and 
taught school at the same time; commenced the prac- 
tice of his profession in Providence, and acquired 
great influence and distinction as an advocate; in 
1818 Wiis elected Chief Justice of Rhode Island; oc- 
cupied the Chair of Oratory in Brown Uiu\ersity; 
was a Representative in Congress from Rhode Island 
from 18A5 to 1835; acquireil great rc]]Utation l)y a 
parliamentary contest with John Randolpli, and U>ft 
behind him many interesting pauipiilets on political 
and literary subjects; liis characteristics as a debater 
were \vithering sarcasm, eomljined with fervid elo- 
quence and rare ri'asoaiiig power. Died Octo1)er 13, 
3b53. 



Burg-ess, Dempsey ; was a member of the Pro- 
vincial Congress of North Carolina; a Lieutenant- 
Colonel of the Militia; a Representative in Congress 
from North CaroUna from 1795 to 1798. 

Burke, Edarus ; was bom in Galway, Ireland, 
and came'to America at the beginning of the Revo- 
lution; in 1778 w.as appointed a Judge of the Supreroe 
Court 'of South Carolina ; was a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1789 to 1791; was an 
earn'est Republican; published a pamphlet ag-ainst 
the Order of the Cincinnati; because he would not 
resign his Judgeship on being elected to Congress, < 
the "Legislature passed a law prohibiting any State 
Judge from leaving the State, and he resigned his 
seat'in Congress. Died at Charleston, Blarch 30, 
1802, aged iifty-nine years. 

Burke, Edmtind ; was born in Westminster, 
Vermont, January 23, 1809; was educated by private 
tutors; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1829; removed to New Hampshire in 1833, where he 
established, in Sullivan County, the Nrw Hampshire 
Argus, which he edited a number of years; wa.s a. 
Representative in Congress from New Hampshire 
from 1839 to 1845, and was Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on the Library, and a member of the Committees 
on C.minierce and Claims; was appointed, by Presi- 
dent I'olk, Commissioner of Patents in Wasliington; 
was a delegate to the Philadelphia "National Union 
Convention ■' of 1866. Died January 25, 18~2. 

Burke, Thomas ; was bom in Ireland, in 1747; 
when about seventeen years of age left Ireland and 
settled in Accomac County, Virginia, where he re- 
sided some years; engaged in the study and practice 
of medicine; subsequently changed his profession for 
that of the law; removed to Norfolk and practiced; 
in 1772 removed to Hillsborough, Orange County, 
North Carolina; in 1776 was a member of the Pro- 
vincial Congress at Halifax, and a volunteer at the 
battle of Brandywine; first attracted public attention 
in Virginia by his WTitings in opposition to the Stamp 
Act, and in North Carolina participated in the forma- 
tion of tlie Constitution for that State; was a Dele- 
gate to the Continental Congress from 1777 to 1781; 
in the latter year was chosen Governor of North Car- 
olina: while in that position was .seized by the Tories 
as a prisoner of State, and, being transferred to 
Charleston, was sent, by General Leslie, to James' 
Island on parole, where he was detained as a hostage; 
becoming exasperated, after four months' imprison- 
ment, determined to escape, in wliich purpose he was 
successful: addressed a letter to General Leslie, in- 
forming liim of his reasons for withdrawing, but con- 
sidere<i himself subject to the disposal of the British 
authority ; an exchange was elfected by Ge:ieral 
Greene, and he returned to his position as Governor; 
retired from public life the next year. Died near 
Hillsborough, December 2, 1783. 

Burleigh, Henry G.; was liorn at Canaan, Graf- 
ton County. New Hampshire, .tune 2, 1832; received 
a common school education; removed to Essex Coun- 
ty, New York, in 1846; was Town Supervisor for 
several years; removed to Whitehall, New York, in 
1866; followed the business of transportation, and a 
dealer in lumber and iron ore; was a Representative 
in the State Legislature in 1875; Wiis elected a Rep- 
resentative, from New York, to the Forty-eighth 
C'ongress without opposition; was re-elected to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Burleigh, John H.; was born in South Berwick, 
Maine, October 9, 1822; received an academic educa- 
tion; went to sea at the age of sixteen; commanded 
1 a ship on foreign voyages seven years; left the sea in 



BIOGKAPJllCAL ANNALS. 



-.i 



1853 and engaged in niannfacturing; was a member 
of the State House of Kepresentatives in 1802, 1864, 
]80(i, and 1872; Delegate-at-Large to the National 
l\opuI)liean Convention at Baltimore in 18fi4; was 
elected to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Con- 
gresses, serving on the Committee on Naval Affairs. 

Burleigh, "Walter A.; was a Delegate from the 
Territory of Dakota to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
and re-elected to the Fortieth Congress. 

Burleigh, "William ; was born in Rockingham, 
New Hampshire; became a lawyer; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from South Berwick, York County, 
Maine, for two terms, from 1823 to 1827, and was a 
member of the Committee on E.x))enditures in the 
State Department. Died in July, 1837. 

Burlingame, Anson ; was born in New Berlin, 
Chenango County, New \ York, November 14, 1822; 
his youth was spent on the Western frontiers, at one 
time acting with surveying parties, and at another 
participating in the making of Indian treaties, far 
beyond the confines of civilization; laid the founda- 
tion of his education at the Branch University of 
Michigan; removing to Massachusetts, entered Har- 
vard University, where he received a degree in 1846; 
studied law, and practiced in Boston; in 1852 was 
elected to the State Senate; in 1853 wss a member of 
the Convention for revising the Constitution of Jlass- 
achusetts; was elected a Representative in the Thir- 
ty-fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth 
Congress, serving as a member of the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs; was also re-elected to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, serving on the same Committee; in 
18()1 was appointed, by President Lincoln, ^Minister 
to Austria, and subsequently to China, which latter 
position he resigned, in 1807, to accept a diplomatic 
appointment from Cliina to the European Powers, as 
well as to the United States. Died in St. Petersburg, 
Russia, February 23, 1870. 

Burnell, Barker ; was a native of Nantucket; 
when only twenty-two years of age was cho.seu a 
member of the House of Representatives in his na- 
tive Commonwealth; a few years later passed into 
the Senatorial body, where, in spite of his youth, he 
became a leading member; sat also in the Conven- 
tion which fi-amed the present Constitution of Massa- 
chusetts; took an active part in the Harrisburg Con- 
vention of 1840; served as a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Massachusetts, from 1841 to 1843. Died 
in Washington, District of Columbia, June 4, 1843, 
aged forty-five years. 

Bumes, James N.; was born in Morgan County, 
Indiana, August ,22, 1833, while his par<'nts were 
en-route fi'om Virginia to Missouri; received a com- 
mon-scliool education; studied law, and graduated 
liom the Harvard Law School in 1853; was admitted 
to the bar in 1854, and engaged in iiractico at St. 
Joseph, Missouri; was a Presidential Elector in 
185G; Circuit Attorney in 1857; in ISfiS was unani- 
mously elected Judge of the Court of Comninu Pleas, 
and served four years; then engaged in railroad con- 
struction and other business; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Jlissouri to the Forty-eight (.'otigress, 
and was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Burnet, Jacob ; was born in Newark, New 
Jersey, February 22, 1770; was a graduate of Prince- 
ton College in 1791; was admitted to the bar by the 
Supreme Court of New Jer.sey in 17!Ki, and removed 
to Cincinnati immediately thereafter, where he con- 
tinued to reside until his death; was a member of the 
first Legislative Council of Ohio in 1799; during the 
first twenty ye^rs of tliat residence devoted himself 



to the practice of his profession, and ranked among 
the most distiuguishetl members of the bar. When 
the second grade of the Territorial Government was 
established, in 1799, was appointed, by President 
Adams, a member of the Legislative Council, wiiidi 
appointment he held till the establishment of the 
State Government of Ohio, in the winter of 1802-'03; 
was a member of the State Legislature during the 
War of 1812, and took an active part in sustaining I he 
measures proposed in that body to aid the; Ijcneral 
Government in maintaining the contest; in 1821 was 
appointed one of the .Tudges of tlie Supreme Court of 
Ohio, which commission he resigned in December, 
1828; was immediately afterwards elected to the Sen- 
ate of the United States, to fill the vacancy oc- 
casioned by the resignation of his friend. General 
Harrison, serving until 1831; in the same year w;i8 
chosen; by the Legislature of the State of Kentucky, 
one of the Commissioners to settle the matt el's in 
controversy between that State and the Common- 
wealth of Virginia, in regard to tlie complaints of the 
latter against the statute of limitations; was the first 
President of the Astronomical Society of Cincinnati, 
and continued, until 1852, an active member of that 
organization; was for many j'ears the Presidint of 
the Colonization Society of Hamilton County, Presi- 
dent of the Board of Trustees of the Jtedical College 
of Ohio, and President of the Board of Trust ees of 
the Cincinnati College, and, upon the nomination by 
Lafayette, had been elected a member of the French 
Academy; in 1847 published a volume entitled 
"Notes on the early settlement of the North-western 
Territory," which contained much interesting infor- 
mation, especially as to Ohio, the i)rogress of which 
lie witnessed from a Territory. Died at Cincinnati 
in 1853. 

Burnett, Frank C; was born in W"'yoming 
County, Pennsylvania, March 19, 1842; received an 
academic education; left college to enlist in the Fifty- 
second Peiuisylvania Volunteers; was promoted, and, 
after serving throiigh the peninsular campaign, was 
discharged in 18(!3, on a surgeon's certificate of disa- 
bility; was in mercantile pui'suits from 18(i4 to 18(i9; 
then engaged in banking; was elected a Representa- 
tive in the Forty -second Congress for the luicxiiired 
term of U. S. Mercur, resigned. 

BiUTiett, Henry C; was born in Essex County, 
Virginia, October 5, 1825; .studied law, and practiced 
in Kentucky; was Clerk in the CirciiitCourt of Trigg 
County, in that State, from 1851 to 1853; was a Rep- 
resentative in the Thirty-fourth an<l Thirt\- -fifth (;'o:i- 
gresses; during the first session of the ThLrty-lifth 
CongTcss was Chairman of the Conuiiittee of Inquiry 
in regard to the sale of Fort Snelling, and a member 
of the Committee on the District of Columbia; re- 
elected to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-se\enth Con- 
gresses; was expelled for treasonable conduct in 
December, 18(il, and took part in the Kebellion. 
Died of cholera near Hopkinton, Kentucky, October 
1, 186'G. 

Burnett, Peter H.; was Governor of California; 
a Judge of the Supreme Court of that State; removed 
to Oregon among the early settlers; was ajipointed a 
Judge of the United States Comt for the Territory of 
Oregon. 

Biirnett, "William; giaduated at Princeton Col- 
lege in 1749; Wius a Delegate from New Jersey to 
the Continental Congress iu 1780 and 1781. Died in 
1791. 

B\u-nham, Alfred A.; was born in "Windham. 
Windham County, Connecticut, March 8, 1819; pre- 
pared himself for college at the SlicSield Liteiary 



72 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Institution ; taught school for a while, and spent one 
year at Washington College, which he left I'or want 
of means; stuaiea law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1843; was elected to the Connecticut Legislature 
in 1844 and 1845; was Clerk of the State Senate in 
1847; was subsequently appointed Judge of Probate 
for the District of Danbury ; in 1850 was again elected 
to the State Legislature,; in 1857 Lieutenant-Governor 
of Connecticut; in 1858 was again elected to the Leg- 
islature, and made Speaker; in 1859 was elected a 
Eepresentative from Connecticut to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the Committee on 
Patents; re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Foreign Affairs. 

Burnham, Ciirtis F.; was? born in Richmond, 
Kentucky, May 21, 1820; graduated at Yale College 
in 1840; at the Transylvania Law School in 1842, re- 
ceiving the degree of LL.B. ; adopted the profession 
of the law; was elected to the State Legislature; in 
1852 was a Presidential Elector; was an unsuccessful 
candidate for the United States Senate in 1863 ; from 
1870 to 1875 was Ca.shier of the Farmers' Niitional 
Bank of Richmond; in April, 1875, was appointed 
Assistant Secretary of the Treasury; in 1846 re- 
ceived the degree of A.M. from Yale College, and in 
1873 tliat of LL. D. from the Central College of Ken- 
tucky. 

BuTns, Joseph ; was born in Waynesborongh, 
Augusta (Aiunty, Virginia, March 11, 1800; was edu- 
catcil at the Ohio Union Schools; was by trade a hat- 
ter, and then a I'armer; filled various County and 
State olHces; was elected from the State of Ohio a 
Ee])rpseiitative in the Thirty-fifth Congi-ess, and was 
a member of the Committees on Expenditures in the 
Post (.mice Department and on Invalid Pensions. 

Burns, Robert ; was born in New Hamp.shire ; 
servc'l three years in the State Legislature as Senator 
and 1 icpresentati ve ; was a Representative in Congress 
from New Hampshire from 1833 to 1837. Died at 
Plymouth, New Hamiishue, June 20, 1836. 

B.imside, Ambrose E.; was born at Liberty, 
Unidn County, Indiana, May 23, 1824; graduated at 
West Point in 1847; served with credit on the frontier 
as an officer of artillery; in 18.53 resigned hiscommis- 
sion. turned his attention to the manufacture of guns, 
and invented the rilie which bears his name; was, for a 
time, associated witli George B. JlcClellan in busi- 
ness at Chicago, but was a citizen of New York in 
1861; during the whole progress of the Civil War 
w as constantly on duty, participated in many bat- 
tles; became gre.atly di.stinguished, and attained 
the liighest honors and titles of the service; his serv- 
ices as a General will always be treasured in the 
military history of his country; in 1866 was elected 
Governor of Rliodc Island; in 1875 took his seat in 
tlie Senat* of the Laiited States for the term ending 
in 1881, serving on various important eommittee.s. 
Died at his home, September 13, 1881. 

Eu -nside, Thomas ; w:vs an Associate Justice of 
the Su:)reme Court of Peun.sylvania; was a Repre- 
.sentative in Congress from tliat State from 1815 to 
181(i, whe 1 he resigned. Died at Geniiantowri, 
Pennsylvania, Marcli 25, 1827. 

Burr, Aaron ; was born in Newark, New Jersey, 
February 6, 1756; graduated at Princeton College in 
177i, at the age of sixteen; in 1775, in his twentieth 
year, joined tiie Ameiican Army under Wasliington, 
:it Cambridge; accompanied General Arnold as a 
priwate soldier in his expedition against Quebec; 
after his arrival there acted ;us an Aid-de-camp t« 
General Montgomery; and, on his return, in 1776, 
(ieneral Washington invited him to join his family 



at headquarters; some circumstances soon took place 
by which he forever lost the confidence of Washing- 
ton, and the hostility of the former to the latter, from 
that time, was undisguised; in 1777 was appointed 
Lieutenant-Colonel, and distinguished himself as an 
able and brave otficer; in March, 1779, he was, on 
account of the state of his health, compelled to resign 
his office and retire from military life; then devoted 
himself to the study of law; commenced practice at 
Albany in 1782, but soon removed to the city of New 
York; became distinguished in his profession; was 
appointed Attorney-General of New York in 1789; 
from 1791 to 1797 was a member of the United States 
Senate, and bore a conspicuous part as a leader of the 
Democratic or Republican party; at the election of 
President of the United States for the fourth Presi- 
dential term Thomas Jefl'erson and Aaron Burr had 
e.ach seventy-three votes, and tlie choice was decided 
by Congress, on the thu-ty-sixtli ballot, in favor of 
Jefferson for President and Burr for Vice-President; 
on the 12th of July, 1804, Colonel Burr gave Alex- 
ander Hamilton, long his professional rival and 
political opponent, a mortal wound in a duel; soon 
after conceived the project of his enterjjri.se in the 
Western country of the United States, for which he 
was at length apprehended and brought to Rich- 
mond, in August, 1807, on a charge of treason, and 
after a long trial was acquitted; atlervvards returned 
to the city of N'ew York, practiced law to some ex- 
tent, but passed the remainder of his life in com- 
parative obscurity and neglect; he was of small 
stature, yet had a lofty mien, a military air, a re- 
markalily brilliant eye, and a striking appearance; 
he possessed distinguished talents and many accom- 
plishments. Died on Staten Island, New York, 
September 14, 1836; his life was published in 1838 by 
Matthew L. Davis. 

Burr, Albert G-.; was born in Illinois in 1829; 
received a good English education; adopted the pro- 
fession of the law; was elected to the Illinois Legis- 
lature in 1861; was a member of the State Constitu- 
tional Convention of 1862, and author of the address 
to the people accompanying the Constitution; re- 
elected in 1863; was elected a Representative from 
Illinois to the Fortieth and Forty-tirst Congresses, 
serving on the Committees on Revolutionary Invalid 
Pensions, Elections, and War Dci)artment; in 1877 
was elected Judge of the Seventh Circuit of the State, 
and was re-elected, in 1879, for the full term of six 
years. Died at his home in CarroUton, Illinois, 
June 10, 1882. 

Burrell, J. M.; was a native of Pennsylvania, 
was appointed a Judge of the United State's Court 
for the Territory of Kansas. 

Biu'ritt, James ; was born in Providence, Rhode 
Island, April 25, 1772; graduated at Brown Univer- 
sity in 1788; studied law, devoted himself to its 
practice, and was Attorney-General of the State of 
Rhode Island from 1797 to 1813; wiis a memljer and 
Speaker of the Assembly in 1814; was Chief Ju.stice 
of the State in 1816; was elected to the United States 
Senate in 1816, and served as a member of the Com- 
mittees on the Judiciary, on Commerce, on Manufac- 
tures, and on Accounts. Died at Washington, before 
the expiration of his term, December 25, 1820. He 
was considered an able scholar and a wise judge. 

Burroughs, Silas M.; was born in New York; 
served four years in the Legislature of that State; 
was elected a Representative to the Thirty-fiith Con- 
gress from New York, and was a member of the Com- 
mittee on Indian .\tfairs; was re-elected to the Thirty- 
sixth C'ougiess. Died at Medina, New York, June 
3, 1860. 



LlOGKAl'illCAL ANNALS. 



73 



BurrovTS, Daniel ; was born in Groton, Connec- 
ticut; was a Representative in Congress Ironi Con- 
necticut £i-om 18-il to 1823. 

Burro'ws, Joseph H.; was born at Manchester, 
England, May 15, 1810; emigrated to tlie United 
States ill his youth; was educated in Illinois and 
Iowa, finally settling in Missouri; engaged in various 
pursuits; was a Kepresentative in the State Legisla- 
ture from 1870 to 1874, and from 1878 to 1880; was 
elected a Representative from Missouri to the Forty- 
seventh Congress. 

BuiTO'wrs, Julius C; was born in North East, 
Erie County, Pennsylvania, January 9, 1837; became, 
by profession, a lawyer; wa.s elected to the Forty- 
third Congress from the State of Midiigan, serving 
on the Committee on Claims, and as Chairman of 
that on the Navy Department; was elected to the 
Forty-sixth Congress, and re-elected to the Forty- 
seventh Congress; was also elected to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Burro'ws, Lorenzo; was bom in Connecticut; 
was a Representative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1849 to 18.53; in 18.55 wa.s elected Comptroller 
or New York. ri.cj. JUc^^.k 6^ ^m"- 

Burt, Armistead; was Imni in Snuth Carolina; 
received a liberal education; adopted the profes.sion 
of the law; was a Representati\e in Congress, from 
South Carolina, trom 1843 to 1853; during a part of 
the Thirtieth Congress otficiated as Speaker of the 
House of Representatives; wa.s a Delegate to the New 
York Convention of 1858. 

Burt, Francis ; was born in Pendleton, South 
Carolina, in 1809; received a good education; in 1853 
was appointed Third Auditor of the Treasury, by 
President Pierce; resigned that office in 1854, to ac- 
cept the Grovernoi'shii) of Nebraska; two weeks after 
his arri\\al in that Territory died, at Bellevue, Octo- 
ber 18, 1854. 

Burton, Allan A.; was a citizen of Kentuckv; 
in 18t)l was appointed Minister Resident to the Re- 
public of Columbia, Avhere he remained until 18(i7; 
in 1871 was appointed Secretary to the Commission 
that visited the Dominican Republic. 

Burton, Hutchins G-.; was born in Gran^-ille 
County, North Carolina; studied law; in 1810 repre- 
sented Mecklenburg in the State Legislature, and, in 
181(), the County of Halifax; was, for several years, 
Attorney-Gene al of the State; served as a Repre- 
sent;Uive in Congress, from North Carolina, from 1819 
to 1h:21, and was a member of the Committees on 
the .ludiciary and Jlilitary Affjiirs; was elected Gov- 
ernor of North Carolina, fi-om 1824 to 1827. Died in 
Iredell County, April 21, 1836. 

Burton, Robert ; was a Delegate from North 
Carolina to the Continental Congress Ij-om 1787 to 

1788. 

Burton, "William ; was born in Delaware; was 
elected Governor of that State in 1859, holding the 
office until lS(i3. 

Barwell, "William A.; was a Representative in 
Congress, from Virgiuia, from 180(i to 1821. Died 
February Iti, 1821, in Washington City, before the 
expiration of his term. 

Busby, George H.; w.as born in Darstown, 
Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, July 10, 
1794; in 1810 removed, with his father, to Ohio, 
where he acqtiixed a knowledge of tlie cabinet-mak- 



ing busine-is, and devoted himself to farming; in 
1824 was appointed Clerk of the Court of Coiumim 
Pleas and of tbe Supreme Court; subseciuently a 
Recorder of Deeils in tlie County of Marion; w;us a 
Representative in Congress, from Ohio, from 1851 to 
13.53. 

Busteed, Richard ; *as born in Ireland; became 
a citizen of New York City; entered into politics; in 
18G4 was appointed United States Judge for the Dis- 
trict of Alabama, residing in Montgomery. 

Butler, Andrew Pickens ; was born in Edge- 
field District, Siiuth Carolina, November 19, 179(i; 
graduatt'd at South Carolina College in 1317; studied 
law, and came to the bar in 1818; became a member 
of the Legislature when quite a young man; in 1835 
was appointed one of the Judges of the General Ses- 
sions of Common Pleas, which office he held until 
1817, when he was appointed, by the E.x:ecutive, to 
till the vacancy, in the United States Senate, caused 
by the death of Mr. McDu lie; was subseiiuently 
elected and re-elected to the same position, and was 
in this office at tlie time of his death, which oci-urred 
at his home. May 25, 1857; w;is a statesman of abili- 
ty and influence; was a relative of Pre-ston S. lirooks, 
and it was because of remarks made about him in 
debate that Mr. Brooks made a personal assault upon 
Charles Sumner. 

Butler, Anthony ; was a citizen of Mississippi; 
from 1829 to 1830 was Charge iV Affaires to Mexico, 
returning to the United States in the latter year. 

Butler; Benjamin Franklin; was born in 
Kiiiderbook, New York. December 14, 1795; studied 
law with Martin Van Buren, and after his admission 
to the bar, in 1817. became the law partner of his 
law preceptor; in 1821 was appointed District Attor- 
ney for the City of Albany ; in 1824 was appointed 
one of three lawyers t<3 Revise the laws of New 
York; in 1827 was elected to the State Legislature; 
in 1829 was appointed a Regent of the New York 
University, resigning the position in 1832; in 1833 
was appointed a Commissioner to settle a dispute be- 
tween the States of New York and New Jersey; in 
November of the same year went into President 
.Jackson's Cabinet as Attorney-General, and con- 
tinued in the office one year with President Van 
Bnren; from October, 1830, to March, 1837, otlici- 
ated as Secretary of ^Var; in 1845 was a Presidential 
Elector; was, subsequently, twice appointed United 
.States Attorney for the Southern District of New 
York; in October, 1858, went to Europe tor the im- 
provement of his health, and a few weeks thereafter 
died at Paris. 

Butler, Benjamin Franklin ; was born in 

South Deerfield, New Hampshire, November 5, 1818; 
graduated at Waterville College in 1838; studied law; 
on being admitted to the bar settled in Lowell, Jlass- 
achusetts, practicing his profession in that city and 
in Boston; in 1853 w.as elected to the State Legisla- 
ture; was, subs<uiueutly, a member of the Con- 
veution to revise the State Constitution; in 18,59 was 
elected to the State Seiiat(^; iu 1800 was a Delegate 
to the Charleston Convention; in 1801 wiis appointed 
a Brigadier-General, and entered actively into the 
war movements; before the close of that year was 
made a M.ajor-General, serving as such iu New Or- 
leans and various other portions of tbe rebellious 
.States; at the conclusion of the Rebellion resumed 
the practice of law in Lowell; in 1800 was elected a 
Representative from Ma.s.saehusetts to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Ordnanc* 
and .Appropriations, and ;us Cli.airman of the Specia 
Committee on the Assassination of President Lin 



74 



BIOGRAPHICAL AXXALS. 



coin, anil was one of the Managers of the Impeach- 
ment Trial of Andrew Johnson; re-elected to the 
Forty-tirst, Forty -second, and Forty-third Con- 
gresses, serving as Chairman of the Committees 
on the Judiciary and Reconstruction; was again a 
Representative in the Fortj-fifth Congress; in 1882 
■was elected Governor of Massachusetts for the term 
of one year from January, 1883. 

Butler, Chester ; was horn in Wilkesharre, Lu- 
zerne County, Pennsylvania, in March, 1798; gradu- 
ated at Princeton College in 1817; read law at the 
Litchfield School, and was admitted to the bar in 
1820; served three terms in the- Legislature of Penn- 
sylvania; was a Representative in Congress from 
Pennsylvania from 1845 to 1850, and was a member 
of the Committee on Revolutionary Claims. Died in 
Philadelphia, October 5, 1850. 

Butler, David ; was elected the first Governor of 
the State of Nebraska in 18G7, and served one year. 

Butler, Ezra ; left Weatbersfield, Vermont, in 
September, 178G, and settled in Waterbirry ; was a 
statesman of the Jeli'crsonian school; was a member 
of the Assembly eleven years; member of the Council 
fifteen years; first Judge of the Chittendon County 
Court from ISlKi to 1800, and Chief Justice from 1806 
to 1811; Chief Justice of Jefferson County from 1814 
to 1826; was a Representative in Congress from 1813 
to 1815; member of the Vermont Constitutional Con- 
vention in 1822; Governor of that State from 1826 to 
1828, making fifty-three years of public service. 
Died in Waterbury, July ID, 1838, aged seventy- 
six. 

Butler, Josiah ; was born in Rockingham County, 
New Hampshire, in 1780; gi-aduated at Harvard 
University in 1803; studied law in Virginia, and 
practiced "in his native State; was repeatedly elected 
to the State Legislature; was a County Sheriff, and a 
Clerk of the Courts; was elected a Representative in 
Congress from Xew Hampshire in 1817, and served 
in that capacity until 1823, offi(iating as Chairman 
of the Committee on Agriculture during the Seven- 
teenth Cougi-ess; was then appointed Judge of the 
Superior Court of New Hampshire, which position he 
held until the otRce was abolished. Died at Deer- 
field, October 9, 1854. 

Butler, M. C; was born near Greenville, South 
Carolina, March 8, 1830; received a classical educa- 
tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1857, 
and commenced practice at Edgefield, South Caro- 
lina; was elected a Representative in the State Leg- 
islature in 1860; ser\ed in the Confederate Army 
during the War of the Rebellion, rising fiomthe rank 
of Captain to that of Major-General ; was again in 
the State Legislature in 1866; was an unsuccessful 
candidate for Lieutenant-Governor in 1870, and for 
United States Senator in the same year; was elected 
a Senator of the United States from South Carolina 
for the term of six years from March 4, 1877, and was 
re-elected in 1883. 

Butler, Pierce ; came of the family of the Dukes 
of Ormond, in Ireland; before the Revolution was 
Major in a British regiment in Boston, but afterwards 
attached himself to the republican institutions of 
America; in 1778 was a Delegate from South Caro- 
lina to the old Congress; in 1788, a member of the 
Convention which framed the Constitution of the 
United States, and signed the same; under it, was 
one of the first Senators from South Carolina, and re- 
mained in Congress till 1796; was one of those who 
voted lor locating the Seat of Government on the 
Potomac; on the death of J. E. Calhoun, in 1802, 



became again a Senator in Congress, but resigned in 
1804: was opposed to some of the measures of Wash- 
ington's administration, but approved of the War of 
1812. Died at Philadelphia, February 15, 1822, 
aged seventy-seven. 

Butler, Pierce M.; was bom in Edgefield District, 
South Carolina, April 11, 1798, wasa Lieutenant in the 
Fourth Infantry in 1819; Captain in 1825; resigned 
in 1829; was Cashier and then President of the State 
Bank of Columbia; Lieutenant^Colonel of Goodwin's 
ilounted Volunteers in the Florida War, in 1836; 
Governor of South Carolina from 1836 to 1838; United 
States agent for the Cherokees west of the Mississippi ; 
was appointed to treat with the Comanche Indians; 
made Colonel of the Palmetto Regiment in the Jlex- 
ican War, in 1846, in which he distinguished him- 
self and was twice wounded; was killed at the battle 
of Churubusco, August 30, 1847. 

Butler, Roderick B.; was born in Wytheville, 
Virginia; received a limited education; commenced 
life as a mechanic; studied law; adopted that pro- 
fession and settled in Tennessee; was a Justice of the 
Peace; a Major of the Militia; a Postmaster under 
President Fillmore; s'-rved two years in the State 
Assembly and one in the State Senate; was a County 
Judge; was a Lieutenant-Colonel during the Rebel- 
lion; was subsequently Judge of the First Judicial 
District of the State, holding the ofiice from 1865 to 
1867, when he was elected a Representative from 
Tennessee to the Fortieth Congress; was also Chair- 
man of the Republican State Committee; re-elected 
to the three succeeding Congresses, serving on the 
Comnutt«es on Laljor, Indian Affairs, and Elections, 
and Chairman of that on Militia. 

Butler, Samson H.; was born in South Caro- 
lina; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1840 to 1843. 

Butler, Thomas ; was born in Carlisle, Penn- 
svlvauia; was a Representative in Congress from Lou- 
isiana trom 1818 to 1821. Died August 14, 1847. 

Butler, Thomas B.; was born in Wethersfield, 
Connecticut, in 1807; was educated a lawyer; served 
in the Connecticut Legislature; was a Representative 
in Congress from Connecticut from 1849 to 1851. Died 
in Norwalk, June 8, 1873. 

Butler, William; was born in Prince William 
County, Virginia, in 1759; graduated at South Caro- 
lina College as student of medicine; was a Lieuten- 
ant in Lincoln's army in 1779; was engaged at Stono, 
and served in the famous corps of Pulaski until the 
death of the latter; next joined General Pickens; 
served with General Lee under Greene at the siege of 
Ninety-Six, and performed other valuable service; 
commanded a company of mounted rangers, and took 
part in many conflicts with the Tories; soon alter tlie 
war w;i3 made a Brigadier-General, and, in 1796, 
Major-General of Militia ; was a member of the 
United States Congress from 1801 to 1811; was a 
member of the Convention of 1787 to consider the 
adoption of the Federal Constitution, and voted 
against it; was a member of the Convention which 
framed the Constitution of South Carolina, and for 
some years a member of the Legislature; in 1794 was 
Sheritl", and at one tinio magistrate; in the \\'ar of 
1812 commanded the S^>uth Carolina troops for State 
defense. Died in Columbia, South Carolina, Novem- 
ber 15, 1821. He was the fatlier of Senator A. P. 
Butler and of Pierce M. Butler. 

Butler, "William ; was a native of South Caro- 
lina; graduated at the South Carolina College in 



BIOGKAPniCAL ANNALS. 



1810; was a Representative in Congress from Soutli 
Carolina from 1841 to 1S43; was the brother of the 
late Senator A. P. Butler, and his wife was the sister 
of the late Commodore O. H. Perry. 

Butler, "William. ; was born in Pennsylvania; re- 
ceived a collegiate education; studied law, and en- 
gaged in practice at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; in 
February, 1879, was ajipointed United States Dis- 
trict Judge for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. 

Butler, ■William O.; was bom in Jessamine 
County, Kentucky, in 17!i:!; came of a family honor- 
ably identitied with the Itevolution; was liberally 
educated; when the War of 1812 broke out, enlisted 
as a soldier; was an ensign under General Winches- 
ter, at the battle of tlie Kiver Raisin; under General 
Jackson, in the South, attained the rank of Captain; 
was made a Colonel in 1817; after spending many 
years in retirement, was elected a Representative in 
Congress from Kentucky in 1839, and re-elected in 
1841; during the war with Jlexico obtained such dis- 
tinction that he was promoted to the position of 
Major-General in the Regular Army ; a sword was 
voted to him b3' Congress, March 2, 1647; when Gen- 
eral Scott was recalled from the City of Mexico, 
General Butler was left chicf-in-command, and an- 
nounced the ratification of tlie treaty of peace, M.iy 
29, 1848; in 1848 was the Democratic candidate for 
Vice-President, on the ticket witli Lewis Cass for 
President; was appoint<'d, by President Pierce, GrOv- 
ernor of Nebraska Territory, but declined the ap- 
pointment; was the author of many fugitive pieces 
of poetry, several of which possess uncommon merit, 
and one, entitled "The Boat Horn," attained great 
popularity; in 1861 was a member of the Peace Con- 
gress held in Washington ; his ' ' Life and Public 
Ser^'^oes," irom the pen of F. P. Blair, was published 
in 1848. 

Butman, Samuel ; was a member of the Maine 
Legislature in 1822, 1826, and 1827; a Representative 
in Congress trom Penobscot County, Maine, from 
1827 to 1831, and was a member of the Committee on 
Internal Improvements; in 1846 was a County Com- 
missioner; in 1853 wiis again elected to the Legis- 
lature, and made President of the Senate. Died in 
1864. 

Butterfleld, Martin ; was elected a Representa- 
tive from New York to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on Agricul- 
ture. 

Butterworth, Benjamin; was born in AVarren 
County, Ohio, October 22, I'iSi); adopted the profes- 
sion of the law; was a State Senator in 1873 and H7 1 ; 
was elected a Represeutati\ e from Ohio to the Forty- 
sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses; in 18S4 w;is 
appointed Commissioner of Patents in the Depart- 
ment of the Interior; was again elected a Represent- 
ative in the Forty-uinth Congress. 

Buttz, Charles "Wilson ; >v;is born at Strouds- 
burg, I'ennsjlvania, Novemljer 16, 1837; in 1339 re- 
moved, viith his parents, to Belvidere, New .lei-scy; 
received an academic cduc:vtion, studied law; entered 
the Union Army in 1661, as Second Lieutenant, and 
rose to the rank of Bre\et Major; in 1603 resigned 
because of ill-health, engaged in the practice of law 
at Norfulk, "S'irginia; was a Delegate to the Republi- 
can National Convention of 1864; was a Dhector of 
the Exchange Bank of Virginia; removed to Charles- 
ton, South Carolina, in 1876; in 1872 was elected 
Solicitor of the First Judicial Circuit for tlie term of 
four years; was a contestant, against E. W. M. 
Mackey, for a seat as a Representative from South 



Carolina to the Forty-fourth Co-igress; the contest 
resulltid in the seat being declared vacant ; was- 
elected to fill the vacancy. 

Bsmum, Jesse A.; was born in Halifax County, 
North Carolin.a; was educated at Union College, New 
York; served a number of years in the State L(rgis- 
lature; was a member of Congress, from Nortli Caro- 
lina, fi'om 1833 to 1841 ; while in Congress he fought 
a duel with Daniel Jenifer, which terminated harm- 
lessly; at the close of his last term removed to Lou- 
isiana. 

Bjmum, "William D.; was born near Newberry, 
Greene County, Indiana, June 2G, 1846; was edu- 
cated in the common schools, and at the Indiana 
State University at Blooniington, Indiana, graduat- 
ing from the latter in 1869; in 1864 removed to 
Bloomfield, Indiana, and became Deputy Treasurer 
of the county; early in 1869 removed to Terre Haute, 
Indiana, and studied law; in December of tliat year, 
settled at Washington, Indiana, in the praci ic- of 
law; was City Attorney and City Clerk of Washing- 
ton, In.iiana, from 1870 to 1875; in the latter year 
was elected Mayor of the city, and was re-electe.l in 
1877, serving until 1879; in 1875 was appointed one 
of the Trustees of the State Normal School at Terre- 
Haute, but resigned three months later; was a Presi- 
dential Elector and Secretary of the Elect oraU'ol lege 
of Indiana, in 1876; removed to Indianapolis in 
1881; in 1882 was elected a Representative in the 
State Legislature, and, on the assembling of the Legis- 
lature, was elected Speaker; in 1884 was elected a 
Representative, from Indiana, to the Forty-ninth 
Congress; his father was a native of North Carolina, 
and settled in Indiana at an early date. 

Byrd, Charles "W.; w;us born in Virginia; re- 
ceived a liberal education; settled in Ohio; in 1803 
was appointed, by Presi(h;nt Jelferson, United States 
Judge for the District of Ohio. 

Cabell, Edward C; was born in Richmond, 
Virginia, in 1817; graduated at the University of 
Virginia; in 1837 removed to the Territory of Flori- 
da, where he settled as a cotton planter; represented 
tlie State of Florida in Congress noni 1847 to 1853. 

Cabell, George C; was bom in Danville, Vir- 
ginia, January 25, 1837; educated at Danville Acad- 
emy until eighteen years of age; then taught school 
in Henry (Jounty, devoting his leisure hours to the 
study of law; attended the University of Virginia 
Law School in 1857 and 1858; began to practice at 
Danville in the latter year, whtu lie was elected At- 
torney for the Commonwealth, which position he held 
until the commencement of the Civil War; entered 
the Confederate service in 1861 , raised a company and 
was made Captain, then Major in the EighleetitU 
Virginia Infantry, and subsequently Lieutenant- 
Colonel of the same, participated in mostof tlie bat- 
tles fought by the Northern Virginia Army, begin- 
ning with Manassius, and was several times wounded; 
at the end of the war held the rank of Colonel ; after 
the wai', resumed the practice of law at Danville; 
was nominated for Congress bj' the Conser\ati\es in 
1374, and elected i\s a Representative to the Forty- 
fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth, 
Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eightli, and Porty- 
ninth Congresses. 

Cabell, Samuel J.; in the beginning of tlie War 
of the Revolution was at William and Mary College, 
and left there to join the first armed corps raised in 
Virginia: soon attained the rank of Lienlenaiit- 
Colonel in the Continental .\rmy, serving with honor 
in all the campaigns until the fall of Charleston, 



76 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



May 12, 1780, when he became a prisoner; the close 
of the war restored him to liberty; for many years 
was a member of the Virginia Assembly; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Virginia, from 1795 to 
1803. Died in Nelson County, Virginia, September 
4, 1818, aged sixty-one years. 

Cabell, ■William H.; was Governor of Virginia 
from 1805 to 1808; afterwards President of the Court 
of Appeals; spent fitly years in public life. Died in 
Eichmond, Virginia, January 17, 1853. 

Cable, Joseph ; was born in Ohio; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from that State, from 1849 
to 1853. 

Cabot, George ; was bom in Salem, Massachu- 
setts, in 1753; employed the early part of his life in 
foreign commerce; before he was twenty-six years 
old was elected a member of the Provincial Congress 
from Massachusetts, where he advocated those prin- 
ciples of political economy for which he was after- 
■wards distinguished; was a member of the Conven- 
tion which formed the Constitution of that State, 
and also of that which ratified the Constitution of 
the United States, to promote which he made the 
most strenuous exertions; from 1791 to 179G served 
in the United States Senate, and was one of the 
most distinguished members of that body; was a con- 
fidential friend of Washington and Hamilton, to the 
latter of whom he rendered most important assist- 
ance in forming his financial system: in 1808 w;is a 
member of the Council of M;issachu.setts; in 1814 
was a Delegate to the Hartford Convention, and was 
made President of that body; after that period, re- 
tired from public life. Died in Boston, April 18, 
1823, aged seventy-two years. 

Cadwalader, John ; was born in Philadelphia, 
April 1, 1805; was the son of General Thomas Cad- 
walader, and grandson of General John Cadwalader 
of the Revolutionary Army;, graduated at the Uni- 
versity of Pennsylvania in 1821; studied law and 
came to the bar in 1825; continued to practice his 
profession in Philadelpliia until 1854, wlien he was 
elected a Representative in the Thirty-fourth Con- 
gress; declined a re-nomination and returned to the 
practice of his profession; in 1858 was appointed 
Judge of the District Court of the United States for 
the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. 

Cad-walader, John L. ; was born near Trenton, 

New Jersey, on an old family estate, in 1837; grad- 
uated at Princeton College in 185(j; also at the Law 
School of Harvard Uqiversity; was admitted to the 
bar in New York in 1860, and continued in the prac- 
tice until July 1, 1874, when he was appointed As- 
sistant Secret;iry of State. 

Cadwalader, Lambert ; was born in Trenton, 
New Jer.-ey; commanded a regiment early in the 
Revolution; was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress from 1784 to 1787; was a Representative in 
■Congress from Pennsylvania from 17H9 to 1791, and 
again from 1793 to 1795; he was one of those who 
voted for locating the Seat of Government on the 
Potomac. Died in Trenton, September 12, 1823, aged 
■eighty-two years. 

Cady, Daniel ; was born in Chatham, Columbia 
County, New York, April 29, 1773; was bred a shoe- 
maker; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1795, 
and practiced with .'•uccess; wius a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1815 to 1817; pre- 
viously served five years in the State Legislature; in 
1840 was elected a Judge of the Supreme Court of 
New York, which position he resigned in 1856; w;is 



a Presidential Elector in 1856, when he presided over 
the College; in April, 1858, without a moment's 
warning, he became totally blind. Died in Johns- 
town, New York, October 31, 1859. 

Cady, John W.; was a member of the New 
York Assembly in 1822: was a Representative in 
Congi-ess from that State from 1823 to 1825. 

Cage, Harry ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Mississippi from 1833 to 1835. 

Cahoon, 'Williain ; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1809; from 1815 to 1820 he was a State Councilor; 
County Judge for nine years ; Lieutenant-Governor of 
Vermont in 1820 and 1821 ; for seven years a member 
of the State Legislature; a Representative in Con- 
gress from Vermont from 1829 to 1833. 

Cain, Richard H.; was born in Greenbrier 
County, Virginia, April 12, 1825; removed to Ohio in 
1831, and settled in Gallipolis; received a limited 
education; entered the ministry at an early age; be- 
came a student at Wilbertbrce University, at Xenia, 
Ohio, in 1860; removed to Brooklyn, New York, 
where he discharged ministerial duties for four years; 
was sent as a missionary to the freedmen in South 
Carolina; was chosen a member of the Constitutional 
Convention of South Carolina; was elected a member 
of the State Senate and served two years ; edited a 
newspaper from 18G8; was elected to the Forty-third 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Agriculture; 
was also elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Caine, John T.; was bom in the Parish of Kirk 
Patrick, Isle of Man, January 8, 1829; received a 
good education; emigrated to the United States in 
1846; settled in Utah in 1852; engaged in various 
pursuits; was Secretary of the Legislative Council in 
1856, 1857, 1859, and 1860; was a Delegate to the 
Constitutional Conventions of 1872 and 1882; served 
in the Territorial Council in 1874, 1876, 1880, and 
1882; was elected a Regent of the De.seret University 
in 1876, 1878, 1880, and 1882; was elected Recorder 
of Salt Lake City in 1876, and re-elected in 1878, 
1880, and 1883; was elected a Delegate from Utah to the 
Forty-seventh Congress to fill the vacancy caused by 
the ineligibility of Delegate-elect George Q. Cannon; 
re-elected to the Forty -eighth and Forty-ninth Con- 
gresses. 

Cake, Henry L.; was bom in Northumberland, 
Pennsylvania, October 6, 1827; was educated in the 
schools of his native town; learned the business of 
printing at Harrisburg, and settled in Schuylkill 
County in 1847; was elected Brigadier-Cieneral of 
Militia in 1854; on April 18, 1861, amved in Wash- 
ington in command of tlie first five hundred soldiers 
enlisted to put down the Rebellion, and was quar- 
tered in the Capitol twenty-four hours before any 
other volunteers had arrived; in May these troops 
were organized as the Twenty-fifth Regiment Penn- 
sylvania Volunteers, and he was elected its Colonel; 
after serving for a time under Generals Stone and 
Patterson he re-organized his regiment, which became 
the Ninety-sixth, and continued in the service until 
1863, when he resigned; before entering the army, 
was twice a candidate for the State Senate; was 
elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses, serving on the 
Committees on Printing, the Library, the Roads and 
Canals, and as Chairman of Accounts. 

Caldwell, Alexander ; was for several years 
United States District Judge for the Western District 
of Virginia. Died at Wheeling, April 8, 18J9. 



BIOGRAl'lIlCAL ANNALS. 



77 



Caldwell, Andrew J.; was born at Monte vallo, 
Alabama; gradiuitcil at Franklin College, Tennessee, 
in 1853; served in tlie Confederate Army throughout 
tlie Civil War; studied law, and was admitted to the 
bar in 1867; practiced his profession at Nashville, 
Tennessee; in 1870 was elected Attorney-General for 
the Criminal District of Nashville and Murfreesboro, 
and served eight years ; was elected a Representative 
from Tennessee to the Forty-eighth Congress; was 
re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Caldwell, George A.; was born in Kentucky; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1843 to 1843, and again from 1849 to 1851; 
was a Delegate to the Philadelphia "National 
Union Convention" of 186G. Died in Louisville, 
September 17. 186G. 

Caldw^ell, Greene "W.; was born in Gaston 
County, North Carolina, April 13, 1811; studied 
medicine, and practiced with success; subsequently 
devoted himself to the law; served a number of 
years in the State Legislature, and was a member of 
Congress from Nortli Carolina from 1841 to 1843; was 
subsequently appointed Superintendent of the United 
States Mint at Charlotte, which position he resigned ; 
participated in the war with Mexico as volunteer 
Captain of a company of dragoons. 

Caldwell, Henry C; was born in Virginia; re- 
ceived a good education; studied law; emigrated to 
Arkansas and entered into practice; in 1864 was ap- 
pointed United States District Judge for tlie District 
of Arkansas, residing at Little Rock. 

Caldwell, James ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Ohio from 1813 to 1817. 

Caldwell, John C; was born in Maine; in 1874 
was appointed, from tliat State, Minister Resident to 
Paraguay and Uruguay, residing at Montevideo; re- 
signed in 188'3. 

Caldwell, John H.; was born in Huntsville, 
Alabama; studied two years at Bacon College, Har- 
rodsburg, Kentucky; was a member of the Legisla^ 
ture of Alabama in 1857; was admitted to tlie bar in 
1859; was elected Solicitor l()r tlie Tenth Judicial 
Circuit by tlie Legislature at the session of 1859; re- 
elected in 1863; deposed by the Provisional Gover- 
nor in 1865; re-elected the same winter, and was re- 
moved from tlie office, in 1867, by military authority, 
for refusing to obey military orders; continued the 
practice of his profession until elected to the Forty- 
third Congress, serving on the Committee on Revo- 
lutionary Pensions; re-elected to tlie Forty-fourth 
Congress, and was appointed Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Agriculture. 

Caldwell, John 'W.; was a citizen of Oliio; in 
1868 was appointed Minister Resident to Bolivia, but 
remained in office only about one year. 

Caldwell, John 'William ; was born at Russel- 
ville, Kentucky, January 15, 1838; entered the Con- 
federate Army in 1861, as Captain, and served 
throughout the war, rising to the rank of Colonel; in 
1866 was elected County Judge of Logan County, 
Kentucky, and w;is re-elected in 1870; was elected a 
Representative from Kentucky to the Forty-filth, 
Forty-sixth, an<l Forty-seventh Congresses, and de- 
clined a re-nomination. 

Cald'well, Joseph ; was born in Iredell County, 
North Carolina, in 1808; was educated at Betliany 
Acwlemy; studied law; entered public life in 1838, 
as a member of the State Legislature, where he 
served a number of years; was a Representative in 
Congress from North Carolina from l^^l9 to 1853. 



Caldwell, Patrick C; was a native of South 
Carolina; a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1841 to 1343, serving on the Committee on Jlan- 
ufactures. 

Caldwell, RobertP.; was bom in Adair County, 
Kentucky, December 16, 18'21 ; received a public 
school education; studied law and settled in Tennes- 
see; was elected to the Legislature of Tennessee in 
1847, and to the Senate in 1855; was elected .\ttor- 
ney-General in the Sixteenth Judicial Circuit in 18.53; 
was Major of Infantry in the Confederate service; 
had his disabilities removed by Act of Congress; was 
elected to the Forty-second Congress, serving ou the 
Committee on Revolutionary Pensions. 

Caldwell, Tod R. ; was born in Morganton, 
Burke County, North Carolina, in 1818; graduated at 
the University of that State in 1840; studied law and 
came to the bar in 1842; served in the State Legisla- 
ture from 1842 to 1844; was a State Senator in 1850; 
Lieutenant-Governor in 1868; in 1872 was elected 
Governor of the State. Died at Hillsborough, North 
Carolina, July 11, 1874. 

Caldwell, "William P.; was born at Christmas- 
ville, Carroll County, Tennessee, November 8, 1832; 
educated at Cumberland College, Princeton, Ken- 
tucky; studied law at Lebanon, Tennessee, and began 
to practice at Dresden, in that State; was a member 
of the General Assembly in 1857, and again in 1869; 
was on the Douglas Electoral Ticket in 1860; was a 
Delegate to the National Democratic Convention in 
1868, which nominated Seymour and Blair; in 1874 
was elected a Representati\e from Tennessee to the 
Forty-fourth Congress; re-elected to the Forty-fifth 
Congress. 

Calhoun, James S.; was born in Georgia; in 
1851 was appointed the lirst Governor of the Territory 
of New Mexico. 

Calhoun, John; was born in Kentucky; was a 
lawyer by profession; w;is for many years a Circuit 
Judge; in 1820 and 1821 was a member of the L;-gis- 
lature from Uhio County, and in 1829, 18:iO, and 1m40, 
a member of the same from Breckenridgc County; 
was a Representative in Congress from Kentucky 
from 18.35 to 1839. The County-seat of McLean 
County was named for him in 1852. 

Calhoun, John C; was born in Ablievillc Dis- 
trict, South Carolina, JIarch 18, 1782; was of aa 
Irish family; at the age of thirteen was put under 
the charge of his brother-in-law. Dr. Waddell, in 
Columbia County, Georgia; entered Yale C'ollege in 
1S02, and graduated with distinction; studicil law at 
Litclilield, Connecticut, and in 1807 was admitted to 
the bar of South Carolina; the next year entered the 
Legislature of that State, where he served for two 
sessions with ability and distinction; in 1811 was 
elected to Coiigre.ss, where he continued until 1817, 
when he became Secretary of War under President 
Monroe, and conducted tlie aflairs of that depart- 
ment with energy ami ability for seven years; in 182.5 
was elected Vice-President; in 1831, ujjou General 
liayne's lea\ ing the Senate to become Go\ernor of 
South Carolina, Mr. Calhoun resigned the Vice-I'resi- 
dency, and was elected, by the Legislature of South 
Carolina, a member of the United States Senate; 
after the expiration of his Senatorial terra, went 
voluntarily into retirement; upon the death of Mr. 
Upshur, in 1843, assumed the conduct of the State 
Department, which he held until tlie close of Presi- 
dent Tyler's administration ; in 1845 v;is again 
elected Senator, which office he held until his de- 
ceiise. From 1811, when he entered Congress, until 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



his death, he was rarely absent from Washiujiton, 
an(i (luring the greater part of that period was lu the 
public service of his State and country. He entered 
Congress at a time of unusual e.\citement, preceding 
the declaration of war of 1812, and had great in- 
fluence in favor of that measure. In the difficulties 
and embarrassments upon the termination of war, and 
the transition to a peace establishment, he took a re- 
sponsible part. As a presiding officer of the Senate 
lie was punctual, methodical, and accurate, and had 
a high regard for the dignit.y of the body, which he 
endeavored to preserve and maintain. His connec- 
tion with nullification, his views on the tanft, his 
opinions in regard to slavery, and the many and ex- 
citing questions arising from it, are w-e'il known. He 
shaped the course and molded the opinions of the peo- 
ple of his own State, and of some other Southern 
States, upon all these subjects. Amid all the strifes 
of party politics, there always existed between him 
and his political opponents a great degree of personal 
kindness. He died in Wa.shington City, March .?!, 
18.50, leaving behind him a reputation of one ot the 
greatest and purest of American statesmen. His col- 
lected wrilings and speeches werepublished in six vol- 
umes, in 1854 to 1857, accompanied with abiography. 

Calhoun, JolinE.; was born in 1749; graduated 
at Princeton College in 1774; studied law, in which 
profession he became distinguished; was, for many 
years in the State Legislatureof South Carolina; was 
a Senator in Congress, from South Carolina, from 
1801 to 1802; was a decided Republican, and sup- 
ported Mr. Jefferson; was a member of the Commit- 
tee which was instructed to report a modification of 
the Judiciary system of the United States. Died m 
Pendleton Wstrict, November 3, 1802. 

Calhoun, Joseph ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from South Carolina, from 1807 to 1811. 

Calhoun, "William B.; was born in Boston, 
Massachusetts, December 29, 1796; graduated at Yale 
College in 1814; was bred to the law; was a member 
of the State Legislature from lf25 to 1835, and 
Speaker for two years; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from his native State, from 1835 to 1843; Pres- 
ident of the State Senate in 1846 and 1847; Secretary 
of State from 1848 to 1851; Bank Commissioner from 
1853 to 1855; Presidential Elector in 1844; Jlayor of 
Springfield in 1859. Died in Springfield, Massachu- 
setts, November 8, 1865. 

Calkin, H. C; was born in Maiden, Ulster Coun- 
ty New York. March 23, 1828; received a good edu- 
cation; settled in the city of New York in 1847^ was, 
for five years, employed in the Morgan Iron Works; 
in 1852 "commenced "business on his own account, as 
a dealer in a variety of iron and copper materials, 
identifying himself with the shipping interests of the 
country; held no public positions, excepting that of 
a school officer in his ward; was elected a Represent- 
ative, from New York, to the Forty-first Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Patents. 

Calkins, "William H.; was born in Pike County, 
Ohio. February 18, 1842; adopted the profession of 
the law; entere'd the Union Army in 1861, and served 
almost continuously, until 1865; was State's Attor- 
ney for the ninth Judicial Circuit from 1866 to 1870; 
■was a Representative in the State Legislature in 1871 ; 
-was an unsuccessful candidate for Congress in 1874; 
■was elected a Representative, from Indiana, to the 
Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty- 
eighth Congresses. 

Call, Jacob ; was a Representative in Congress, 
fiom Indiana, from 1824 to 1825. 



Call, Richard K.; was born in Kentucky; having 
taken an interest in military aftVirs, became Aid-de- 
camp to Cieueral Jackson in 1818; was promoted to 
Captain soon afterwards, and subsequently was ap- 
pointed Brigadier-General of the Florida Militia; 
was a member of the Lej;islative Council of Florida 
in 1822; a Delegate to Congress from that Territory, 
from 1823 to 1825; Receiver of Public Money for the 
Land Office; was Gov(frnor of Florida from 1836 to 
1839. and again from 1841 to 1844. Died at Talla- 
hassee, in September, 1862. 

Call, "Wilkinson ; was born at Russellville. Lo- 
gan County, Ki^.itucky. January 9, 1834; received a 
thorough eduditiou; studied law, and engaged in its 
practice; settled in Florida; immediately after the 
close of the Civil War was elected United States Sen- 
ator from Florida, but was not permitted to take his 
seat: was elected a United States Senator from Flor- 
ida for six years from M;xrch 4, 1879; was re-elected 
for the terra ending JIarch 3, 1891. 

Callis, John B.; was born in North Carolina, in 
1828; emigrated to Tennessee in 1841; from that 
State went to Wisconsin; entered the volunteer forces 
during the Rebellion as a Lieutenant, and rose to the 
rank of Brigadier-General; after the war, settled in 
.\labama; was commissioned a Colonel in the Regu- 
lar Army ; was elected a Representative from Alabama 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Enrolled Bills. 

Calvert, Charles B.; was born in Prince George 

County, ilaryland, August 24, 180S; received his 
earliest education in Philadelphia; graduated at the 
University of Virginia in 1827; was, lor many years, 
President" of the Maryland Agricultural Society; also 
of the Prince George' County Society, and Vice-Presi- 
dent of the United States Agricultural Society; de- 
voted special attention to the raising of superior 
breeds of cattle; wasf elected to the Legislature of 
Maryland in 183S», 1843, and 1844; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Maryland to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on the District of 
(olumliia, and on Agriculture. Died at Riverside, 
Maryland, May 14, 1864. 

Calvin, Samuel ; was born in Washingtonville, 
Columbia County, Pennsylvania, July 30, 1811; at 
the age of sixteen, after the death of his father, was 
thrown upon his own resources, and became a school- 
teacher, with the view of supporting his father's 
family and obtaining the means for a classical edu- 
cation; accomplished these objects; subsequently 
studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1836, and 
practiced in HoUidaysburg, Pennsylvania; in 1848 
was elected a member from Pennsylvania to the 
Thirty-first Congress, and in 1850 declined a re- 
election. 

Cambell, Alexander ; was born in Virginia in 
1779; was bred a physician; removed to Kentucky in 
1785; was a member" of the Kentucky Legislature in 
1800; removed to Ohio in 1803; was a member of the 
Ohio' Legislature in 1806; vras a Senator in Congress 
from that State from 1809 to 1813; served as a State 
Senator from 1813 to 1823. Died at Ripley, Ohio, 
November 5, 1857. 

Cambell, Brookins ; was born in Washington 
Countv, Tennessee, in 1S08; was, for many years, a 
memV'er of the State Legislature, and in 1845 was 
unanimously elected Speaker; was an officer in the 
Quartermaster's Departmentinthe war with Mexico; 
was elected a Representative from Tennessee to the 
Thirty-third Congress. Died in Washington, Dis- 
trict of Columbia, December 25, IfioS. 



BIOGIJAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Cambreleng', Churchill C; was born in Wash- 
ington. North Carolina, in 17.S6; received an academic 
education at Newberne, in that State; had a special 
fondness for field sports, but did not let them inter- 
fere with his duties as a clerk in a Carolina store, 
where he was engaged for two years; removed to New 
i'ork City in 1^02. which was afterwards his home, ex- 
cepting tlie year 1806. when he was a counting-house 
clerk in Providence, Khode Island; at an early day 
engiigeil in mercantile pursuits with John .Jacob 
Astor, and traveled extensively over the world; was 
a Representative in Congress from New York from 
1821 to l'-i39. .■iDd officiated as Chairman of the Com- 
mittees on Commerce, Ways and Means, and on 
Foreign Aflairs; in 1840 was appointed Minister 
Plenipotentiary to Kussia; his reports and political 
pamphlets were at one time very numerous, one of 
the former, on Commerce and Navigation, having 
gone through several editions and been re-published 
in London; it was wiiile traveling in Europe he re- 
ceived the appointniriit of Minister, and on his return 
to the United States he retired to Private life. Died 
at West Neck, Long Island, April 30, 18G2. 

Camden, Johnson N.; was born in Lewis 
County. Virginia, (now West Virginia,) in 1828; re- 
ceived a good education; was a cadet at the United 
States Military Academv', at West Point, from 184(i 
to 1848; studied law, and was admitted to practice 
in 18()1 ; iu that year was appointed, and in 1863 was 
elected, Prosecuting Attorney for Braxton Countj'; 
became President of the First National Bank of West 
Virginia in 1862; was an unsuccessful candidate tor 
Governor in ]8()8, and again in 1873; was elected a 
Senator of the United States from West Virginia, 
for the t«rm of six years from March 4, 1881. 

Cameron, Angus ; was born in Caledonia, Liv- 
ingston County, New York, July 4, I8:iii; studied 
law at Buffalo, and graduated at the National Law- 
School at Ballston Spa, New York; removed to La 
Crosse, Wisconsin, in 1857; was a member of the 
State Senate in 18G3, 1864, 1871, and 1872; was a 
member of the Assembly in 18(i6 and 1867; was 
Speaker of that body in 1867; was a member of the 
National Republican Convention at B.altimore iu 
1864; was aRegent of the University of Wisconsin 
from 1866 to 1875; was then elected to the United 
States Senate by Republicans, Democrats, and Liber- 
als, for the terra ending in 1881; was re-elected, in 
1881, for the remainder of the term ending in 1885, 
to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Matthew 
H. Carpenter. 

Cameron, James Donald ; was born at Mid- 
dletown, Pennsylvania, in 1833; received a classical 
education; graduated from Princeton College in 18,52; 
became clerk in a bank, and was promoted to Cashier; 
was President of the Northern Central Railway from 
18!j6 to l-*74; was a Delegate to the Republican Na- 
tional Convention of 1876; was Secretary of War in 
1876 and 1877; in 1877 was elected a Senator of the 
United States, from Pennsylvania, for the term end- 
ing March 3, 1879, to till the vacancy caused by the 
resignation of his father, Hon. Simon Caneron; was 
re elected for the term of six years from JIarch 4, 
1879; in 1885 was again re-elected. 

Cameron, John A.; was an early emigrant to 
Florida when it was a Territory; was appointed one 
of the first Judges lor tlie United .States (;ourt in that 
Territory. 

Cameron, Simon ; was born in Lancaster 
County, Pennsylvania, March 8, 1799; was left an 
orphan when only nine years of age; educated him- 
self while pursuing the avocation of a printer, in 



newspaper offices at Harrisburg and Washington 
City; when twenty-two years of age edited and pub- 
lished a Democratic journal at the former city; pre- 
viously had charge of a paper, the I>nnsi/Im'mu In- 
liiHyenrcr. at Doylestown, Pennsylvania, in 1832, es- 
tablished the Middletown Bank; devoted much of 
his attention to the railroad interests of his native 
State; before entering Congress was the Ci-shier of a 
bank. President of two railroad companies, and .\dju- 
tant-tieneral of the State; was first elected a Senator 
in Congress in 1845, where he served until 1849; was 
again elected to the same position in 1.S.57, lor the 
term ending in 18-;:!; resigned in 1801; in 1860 was 
prominently mentioned as a candidate for the Presi- 
<lency; in 1861 IJccume Secretary of War under Presi- 
dent Lincoln; in 1862 resigned that position and was 
appointed Minister to Russia; was a Delegafe to the 
Baltimore Convention of 1864, and to the Philadel- 
phia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866; in January, 
1867, was again chosen a Senator in Congress, for the 
term ending in 187:!. serving on the Committees on 
.Military Aft'airs and Ordnance, and as Chairman of 
those on Agriculture and Foreign Relations; was re- 
elected to the .Senate for a fourth term, ending ia 
1870; resigned in 1877. 

Cameron, William E.; was elected Governor 
of Virginia for the term of four yeai-s, from January. 

1882. 

Camp, John H.; was born at Ithaca, New York, 
.\pril 14, 1840; received an academic education; 
studied law; was admitted to the bar and commenced 
practice in 1860; was District .Vttorney of ^^■ayne 
County from 18S7 to 1870; was elected a Representa- 
tive from New York to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, 
and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Campbell, Alexander; was bom in Concord, 

Pennsylvania. October 4, 1814; received a limited 
education; as Clerk and Superintendent w:vs engaged 
in the iron business in several States, when he set- 
tled in Illinois; was twice Mayor of La Salle; served 
two terms in the Illinois Legislature; was a member 
of the State Constitutional Convention of 1862; was 
elected a Representative from Illinois. to the Forty- 
Iburth Congress. 

Campbell, David ; was one of the first Terri- 
torial .ludges appointed after the adoption of the Con- 
stitution — having received his commission from Presi- 
dent Washington in 1790, for the Territory south of 
the Ohio River; in 1811 received, from "President 
Madison, the appointment of Judge for the Territory 
of Mississippi. 

Campbell, David ; was appointed Major of the 
Twelfth Infantry, July 6, 1812; Lieutenant-Colonel 
of the Twentieth Infantry, March 12, 1813; resigned 
January 28, 1814; was Governor of Virginia from 
1836 to 1339. Died in .Vbingdon, Virginia, March 
19, 1859, aged eighty years. 

Campbell, Felix; was born in Brooklyn, New 
York, February 2,8, 1829; attended the common 
schools until twelve years of age, when he entered 
the office of the Ilrooliijn Eagle to learn the printer's 
trade; followed this trade for five years, and then be- 
came an apprentice to the business of engineering 
and steam-heating; after working for ten ^ears as an 
employe, engaged in business for himself i"n the store 
in which he had learned his trade, and was very suc- 
cessful; in 1856 and 1857 was President of the Board 
of Supervisors; was, for thirteen years. President of 
the Board of Trustees of the Wi(iows' and Orphans' 
Fund of the Fire Department; for twelve years Pres- 
ident of the Board of Trustees of the Brooklyn Fire 
Department; became a Director iu several corpora- 



so 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



tions; was, for twelve years, a member of the City 
Board of Education; was elected a Representative, 
ftom New York, to the Forty-eiglith Congress; was 
re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Campbell, George "W.; was horn in Tennessee 
in 1768; graduated at Trinceton College in 1791; re- 
ceived a good education; was a Representative in 
Congress, from Tennessee, from 18U3 to 1809, serving 
during the last two years of liis term as Chairman of 
the Committee on Ways and ll*>ftns; was Judge of 
the United States District C»Mrt; was elected Sena- 
tor of the United States in 1811; resigned on being 
, appointed Secretary of the Treasury in 1814; resumed 
his seat in the Senate the following year, and served 
until 1818, when he was appointed Minister to Rus- 
sia, where he remained until 18'31; ia ISol was ap- 
pointed one of the Commissioners tootle the claims 
against France. Died at Nashville, Tennessee, Feb- 
luary 17, 1848. 

Campbell, Jacob Miller ; wa=i born in Somer- 
set County, Pennsylvania, November 20, 1821; re- 
ceived a common school education; learned the trade 
of a printer; engaged in various pursuits; wasa Dele- 
gate to the tirst Republican Convention, held at 

' Philadelphia, in 1850; served in the Union Army 

. from 18t)l to 1805, rising to the rank of Brevet 
Brigadier-General; was elected Surveyor-General of 
Pennsylvania ia 1805, and re-elected, serving six: 

■years; was a Trustee of the Pennsylvania State Col- 
lege; was elected a Representative Irom Penusyl- 

' fania to the Forty-tifth, Forty -seventh, Forty-eighth 
and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Campbell, James ; was born in Philadelphia in 
1813; was of Irish descent; after receiving a tliorough 
education, studied law, and came to the bar in 1834; 
practiced his profession in Philadelphia until 1842; 
in that vear was chosen a Judge of Common Pleas, 
and hekl the position until 1850; in 1852 was made 
Attorney-General for the State; in 1853 went into 
the Cabinet of President Pierce, as Postm:istor-Gen- 
eral, where he served until the close of that ad- 
ministration. 

Campbell, James E.; was born in Middletown, 
Ohio, July 17, 1843; received an academic education; 
served in" the United States Navy during tlie Civil 
"War; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and en- 
gaged in the practice of law; was Prosecuting Attor- 
ney of Butler County, Ohio, from 1876 to 1880; in 
1882 was elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty- 
ninth Congiess. 

Campbell, James H.; was born in WiUiams- 
port, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, February 8, 
1820; graduated at the Carlisle Law School; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1841; in 1844 was a member of 
the Whig Convention at Baltimore; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Pennsylvania from 1855 
to 1857, and again from 1858 to 1801, serving on the 
Committee on Elections and as a member of the 
Special Committee of Thirty-tliree on the Rebellious 
States; re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on the Pacific 
Railroad; in 1804 was appointed, by President Lin- 
coln, Minister Resident to Sweden; in 186G w:is made 
Minister to Bogota. 

Campbell, John ; was born in Virginia; in 1829 
was appointed Treasurer of the United States, and 
remained in office until 1839. 

Campbell, John;; was a Representative in Con- 
from Maryland from 1801 to 1811; was Judge 



of the Orphans' Court in Charles County, wiiere he 
died June 23, 1828, aged sixty-three years. 

Campbell, John ; was bom in South Carolina; 
graduated at the South Carolina College in 1819; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1829 to 1831, and a;ain from 1837 to 1SJ5. Died at 
his residence in Marlborough District, South Caro- 
lina, May 19, 1845. 

Campbell, John ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Kentucky from 1837 to 1843. 

Campbell, John Allen; was born in Salem, 
Ohio, October 8, 1835; received a common school 
education; acquired a knowledge of the printing 
business; at the commencement of the Rebfll'.oii 
entered the Volunteer Army as Second Lieutenant, 
and was promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General. 
•' for cou;a'.;e in the field ami marked ability and 
fidelity" at' Rich Mountain, Shiloh, Perryville, Mur- 
freesborough, and through the Atlanta campaign; 
in 1800 became assistant editor of the Cleveland 
Daily Leader; was soon appointed in the Regular 
Army, and made a Lieutenant-Colonel, se.ving as 
Adjutant on the staff of General Scofield; in 1869 
was appointed the tirst Governor of the Territory of 
Wyoming; re-appointed in 1873; in 1875 was ap- 
pointed Third Assistant Secretary of the Department 
of State. 

Campbell, John Archibald; was born in 
Washint^ton, Wilkes County, Georgia, June 24, 1811; 
graduated at the University of Georgia in 1826; 
studied law and came to the bar in Montgomery, 
Alabam.a, in 1830; in 1853 was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Pierce, an Associate Justice of the Supreme 
Court of the United States, which othce he resigned 
in 1801, after the commencement of the Reliellion; 
was opposed to the secession of Alabama, and in 1864 
did all in his power to bring the war to a close; after 
the war resumed the practice of his profession in the 
city of New Orleans. 

Campbell, John Gr.; was born at Glasgow, 
Scotland, June 25, 1827; emigrated to the United 
States in 1841; received a common school education; 
learned the trade of baker and confectioner at Detroit, 
Michigan; removed to California in 1849; engaged in 
various pursuits; went to the Republic of Chili, South 
Ameri&i, in 1857, returning to California in 1859; in 
1803 settled in the Territory of Arizona; tilled various 
county offices; was a member of the Territorial 
Council in 1868 and 1874; was elected a Delegate 
li-om the Territory of Arizona to the Forty-sixth 
Congress. 

Campbell, John H.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
adopted the profession of the law; settled in Phila- 
delphia, and devoted much attention to politics; was 
a Representative in Congress from 1845 to 1847, de- 
clining a re-nomination. Died in PhUadelpliia, Jan- 
uary 19, 1808. 

Campbell, John P.; was born in Kentucky; 
was a member of the State House of Representatives 
fi-om Christian County, in 1826; a Representati\e in 
Congress from Kentucky to the Thirty-foui'th Con- 
gress. 

Campbell, John "W.; was bom in Augusta 
County, Virginia; was a Representative in Congress 
from Ohio from 1817 to 1827; was United States 
Judge for the District of Ohio. Died September 24, 
1833. 

Campbell, Le-wis D.; was born in Franklin, 
Warren County, Ohio, August 9, 1811; received a 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNviLS. 



81 



liiiiited education; was, at an early day, attached to 
the Cincinniiti Gazelle as printer and assistant editor; 
subsequently had the entire control of another politi- 
cal paper; studied law and was admitted to practice; 
w;is elected a member of Congress from Ohio in 18lvS, 
and was re-elected to each successive Congress, down 
to the Thirty-tifth, whcu his seat was contested, and 
the House of Kcprcseutatives decided against his 
claim; during the Thirty-fourth Congress was Chair- 
man of tlic t'ommittcc on -Ways and Means; in De- 
cember, IsU"), was appointed, by I'resident Johnson, 
Jlinister to Mexico; before leaving the country, at- 
tended, as a Delegate, the Philadelphia "National 
Union," and the Cleveland " Soldiers' Convention " 
of 18()(i; was subsequently elected to the Forty- 
second Congress, serving on various Committees. 

Campbell, Robert B.; was born in South Caro- 
lina; graduated at the South Carolina College in 1809; 
Wits a Representative in Congress from South Carolina 
from 18'23 to 1825, and again from 1835 to 1837; 
was subsequently appointed, by President Fillmore, 
American Consul at Havana, Cuba. 

Campbell, Samuel; was born in Mansfield, 
Connecticut; was a Representative in Congress from 
New York from 1821 to 1823; previously served five 
years in the Assemblj' of that State. 

Campbell, Thomas F.; was a native of South 
Carolina; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1834 to 1835. 

Campbell, Thomas J.; was a native of Tennes- 
see ; was a member of Congress from that State from 
1841 to 1843; was twice Clerk of the House of Rep- 
resentatives from 1847 to 1850; was a Presiden- 
tial Elector in 1837 and 1841; during the years 1813 
and 1814 was an Assistant Inspector-General of 
Militia. Died in "Washington, District of Columbia, 
April 13, 1850. 

Cam^pbell, Thom^pson ; was born in Pennsyl- 
vania; was a Repvcscntati ve in Congi-ess from Illinois, 
from 1851 to 1853. Died in California, December 7, 

1868. t 

Campbell, Timiothy J. ; was bom in County 
Cavan, Ireland, iu 184U; came to the United States 
when five years old, and settled in New York City ; 
attended the public schools in the city of New York ; 
learned the printing business, and worked on the 
leading New York dailies; was employed as a com- 
positor on the Herald when nominated for the State 
Assembly, in 1807; was elected to the Assemblv in 
ISeS, '69, '70, '71, '72, and '73; was re-elected to the 
Assembly in 1875, and was afterwards elected Justice 
of the Fifth District Civil Court in New York City; 
served six years in that capacity; in 1883 was re- 
turned to the State Assembly; was nominated for 
State Senator and elected; in 1885, before his term 
expired, was elected a Representative from New Y'ork 
to the Forty-ninth Congress, to fill the vacancy cre- 
ated by the appointment of S. S. Cox as Minister to 
Turkey. 

Campbell, William B.; was born in Tennessee; 
read lawat Abingdon and Winchester, Virginia; came 
to the bar in his native State, and was soon after- 
wards chosen Attorney -General for the Fourth Dis- 
trict; was elected to the Tennessee Legislature in 
1835; raised a company and served as Captain in the 
Creek and Florida Wars of 1836; was a Representa^ 
tivein Congress from Tennessee from 1837 to 1843, 
serving on the Committees on Claims, Territories, 
and Military .\irairs ; in 1844 was elected Major- 
General of Militia, and was Colonel of the First Regi- 

6 



mcnt of Tennessee Volunteers in the Mexican War, 
distinguishing hims(^lf at the l)attles of Monterey 
and Cerro Gordo; from 1850 to 1853 was Governor of 
Tennessee, and in 1857 was chosen, by a unanimous 
vote of the Legislature, Judge of the Circuit Court 
of Tennessee; in 1862, witliont solicitation oi: his 
])art, was appointed, by President Lincoln, a BrigiV- 
dier-General in the Union Army, which he soon re- 
signed on account of ill health; at the close of the 
war, iu 1805, was re-elected a Representative to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, but w:is not admitted to his 
seat until near the close of the first session of that 
Congress, and during the second session was placed 
on the Committee on the New Orleans Riots. Died 
in Lebauon, Tennessee, August 19, 1807. 

Campbell, William W. ; was bom in Cherry 
Valley, New York, June 10, 1806 ; graduated at 
Union College in 1827; studied law with Judge Kent, 
of New York, and in 18:51 commenced the practice 
of his profession in that city, ha\ing previously writ- 
ten and published a history of the Border War of New 
York; was a Representative in Congress from New 
York from 1845 to 1847, and then spent a year in 
Euro])e; on his return was appointed a Justice of the 
Superior Court of New York City, and served seven 
years; was subsequently elected a Judge of the Su- 
preme Court of the State. 

Canby, Richard S.; was born in Ohio; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1847 
to 1849. 

Candler, Allen D.; was born in Lumpkin Coun- 
ty, Georgia, November 4, 1834; received a cla.ssical 
education, graduating at Mercer University, Georgia, 
in 1859; w:is Professor of Greek and Latin in Clay- 
ton High School, at Jonesboro, Georgia, until the 
winter of 1861, when he entered the Confederate 
Army as a private; rose, through the intermediate 
grades, to the Colonelcy of his regiment; received 
three wounds, losing an eye before Atlanta; was 
President of Baily Institute, at Griffin, Georgia, from 
1866 to 1870; removed to Gainesville, Georgia, and 
engaged in the lumber business; was a member of 
the State House of Representatives from 1872 to 
1878; State Senator from 1878 to 1880; was elected a 
Representative from Georgia to the Forty-eighth 
Congress, and was re-elected to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Candler, Milton A.; was bom in Campbell 
County, Georgia, January 11, 1837; graduated at the 
University of Georgia in 1854; studied law; came to 
the bar in 1856, and settled in Decatur, De Kalb 
County, where he practiced the profession; was a 
member of the State Legislature from 1861 to 1803; 
of the State Constitutional Convention iu 1865; 
elected to the State Senate in 1868 for fotir years; in 
1874 was elected a Representative from Georgia to 
the Forty-fourth Congress; re-elected to the Forty- 
fifth Congress. 

Candler, John W.; was born in Boston, M;ussa- 
chusetts, February 10, 1828; received an acailemic 
educ;ition; in 1845 entered a counting-house; en- 
gaged in merchandizing and maritime transportation; 
was a Representative in the State Legislature in 
1806; was Chairman of thcCommissionersof Prisons; 
w;us President of the Board of Trade and of the Com- 
mercial Club of Boston ; was elected a Representative 
from Massachusetts to the Forty-seventh Congress. 

Cannon, George Q.; was bora in Liverpool, 
England, Januiiry 11, 1827; emigrated, with his 
parents, to the United Stiites; received a good educa- 
tion; learned the art of ijrinting, and became an ed- 



82 



BIOGRAPHICAL AKNALS. 



itar; was one of the first emigrants to Salt Lake, 
Utah; vTas elected a member of the Legislative 
Council of Utah in 1865, 1866, 1869, and the three 
succeeding years; in 1865 was elected a Regent of the 
Deseret University; at a Constitutional Convention 
held at Salt Lake City in 1872, was elected a Dele- 
gate to present the Constitution and memorial to 
Congress for the admission of the Territory into the 
Union as a State; was elected Delegate from Utah to 
the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses; re- 
elected to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses ; 
also re-elected to the Forty-seventh Congress, but 
was declared ineligible. 

Cannon, Henry W.; was born at Delhi, New 

York, in 1850; was educated in private schools and 
at Delaware Literary Institute of Delhi; in early 
youth became a clerk, and atterwards Teller in the 
First National Bank of Delhi, New York; in 1870 ac- 
cepted a position in the Second National Bank of St. 
Paul, Minnesota; in 1871 removed to Stillwater, 
Minnesota, and organized the Lumberman's National 
Bank, of which he was made Cashier; this position 
he held for fifteen years; was also Secretary of the 
Chamber of Commerce of Stillwater, and Secretary, 
Treasurer and General Manager of the water and 
gas companies of the city; in May, 1884, was ap- 
pointed Comptroller of the Currency in the United 
States Treasury at W;ishington; resigned in January, 
1886, to accept the position of Vice President of the 
National Bank of the Republic, of New York City. 

Cannon, Joseph G-.; was born in Guilford, 
North Carolina, May 7, 1836; adopted the profession 
of law; was State's Attorney in Illinois ti-om 1861 to 
1868; was elected to the Fortj'-third Congress, and 
was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads; 
was re-elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty- 
seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Cannon, Ne-wrton ; was born in Guilford Coun- 
ty, North Carolina: wasa Representative in Congress 
from Tennessee, from 1814 to 1817, and again from 
l«li) to 183:>; was appointed, by President Monroe, 
in 1819, one of two Commissioners to treat with the 
Chickasaws; was Governor of Tennessee from 1835 
to 1839. Died September 29, 1843. 

Cannon, "William; was born ii, Bridgeville, 
Delaware, in 1809; was for some years in the State 
Legislature of Delaware; was State Treasurer, and 
menilier of the Peace Congress of 1861 ; was Gover- 
nor of Delaware li'om 1864 to 1865. Died in I'hila- 
delphia, JIarch 1, 1865. 

Cantlne, John ; was elected a Representative 
from Ne«- York to the Eighth Congress, but resigned 
soon after taking his seat, and Josiah H;isbrouck was 
elected in his place. 

Caperton, Allen T.; was born in Union, Monroe 
County, Virginia; graduated at Yale College in 1839; 
studied and adopted the profession of tlie law; served 
in the Legislature of Virginia a number of years; in 
1861 was a member of the State Convention, to con- 
sider the impending troubles, and took the side of the 
Union, but when the State went out of the Union 
sided with the South; in 1863 was elected to the Con- 
federate Senate; was pardoned l^y President Johnson 
after the war; subsequently devoted his attention to 
his profession, and certain mining interests; in 1875 
was elected a Senator in Congress from West Virginia 
for the term ending in 1881. Died July 2.5, 1876. 

Caperton, Hugh ; was born in Virginia in 1780; 
was a farmer by occupation; was for many yeai-s a 



member of the State Legislature; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from the Greenbrier region of 
Virginia from 1813 to 1815. Died in Monroe County, 
Virginia, February 9, 1847. He w;;8 the father of 
Allen T. Caperton. 

Capron, Horace ; was bom in the State of New 
York: after receiving a scientific education, turned 
his attention to manutacturing; was appointed to the 
charge of a factory in Maryland ; subse(iuently turned 
his attention to a model farm; in 1854 removed to 
Illinois, and devoted himself, successfully, to the 
breeding of Devon cattle; served in the army during 
the Rebellion, and beeime a Brigadier-General; in 
1868 was appointed Commissioner of Agriculture; in 
1871 was invited, by the Japanese Government, to 
take charge of certain agricultural experiments and 
improvements in Japan, where he remained four 
years; returned to the United States in 1875, bring- 
ing with him flattering testimonials from the 
Emperor of Japan ; settled in the City of Washing- 
ton. Died February 23, 1885. 

Carey, George; was anative of Cliarles County, 
Maryland; removed to Georgia; was a Representative 
in Congi-ess, from Georgia, from 1823 to 1827. Died in 
Ujison County in 1844. 

Carey, Jeremiah E.; was born in Coventry, 
Rhode Island, April 3tl, 1803; commenced active life 
in tlie State of New York, by working on a farm and 
in the tannery of an uncle; received a good common 
school education, which he ijaid for by his o\vn 
exertions as a teacher; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1829; was elected to Congi-e.ss from 
Cherry Valley County, in 1842; after the expiratiou- 
of his term as a Representative, removed to the city 
of New York, where he engaged in the practice of hi» 
profession; held many important local oflices con- 
nected with the cause of education. 

Carey, John ; was born in Monongahela County, 
Virginia, A^jril 5, 1792; removed, with liis parents, 
to the Northwest Territory in 1798; from that period 
until 1812, labored with his father in the tanning 
business; in 1814, assisted in building the first stone 
house i* Columbus; devoted himself to the various em- 
ployments of carpentering, milling in its various 
branches, and farming; in 1825, was elected an As- 
sociate Judge, which ottice lie held for seven years; 
was elected to the Oliio Legislature in 1828,' 1836, 
and 1843; was elected a Representative from Ohio to 
the Thirty-sixtli Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Agriculture. 

Carey, Joseph M.; was born in Sussex County, 
Delaware, January 19, 1845; his earlj' education ivas 
acquired in the common schools; then attended Fort 
Edward Collegiate Institute, and Union College, New 
York; studied law at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1867; the same year 
graduated from the Law Department of the University 
of Pennsylvania; settled in AVyoming Territory in 
the business of stock-raising; was appointed United " 
States Attorney for the Territory of Wyoming in 
1869; resigned in 1871, to accei^t the appointment o£ 
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Wyoming, 
which ofiice he held until 1876; was a member of the 
United States Centennial Commission from 1872 to 
1876; was Mayor of Cheyenne, Wyoming, from 1881 
to 1885; in 1884 was elected a Delegate from Wyom- 
ing Territory to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Carleton, Ezra C; was born at St. Clair, Michi- 
gan, September 6, 1838; received a good common 
school education; engaged in the mercantile business 
at Port Huron, Slichigan, in 1862, and pursued it 



B I O G K A 1> U I (_■ A I. A X N A L S . 



83 



with success: was olected a Representative, from 
Micliigan, to the Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elect- 
ed to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Carlile, John S.; was born in Winchester, Fred- 
erick County, Virginia. December Iti, 1N17; w;is edu- 
cated by his moth(!r until fourteen years of age; then 
went into a country store as salesman and clerk; at 
the age of seventeen commenced business for him- 
self; at the same time read law; was admitted to the 
bar in 1840, and settled in Beverly, Kandol])h Coun- 
ty, in 1842, to practice; was elected to the State 
Senate in 1847, and served until IH'A; in 1850 w'as a 
member of the Constitutional Convention of Vir- 
ginia; in ISoo wius elected a Keprcsentalivc in Con- 
gress; in 18fil was elected ii Kepi'esentative, from 
Virginia, to the Thirty-seventh Congress, and was 
soon afterwards transferred to the Senate, serving on 
the Committees on Public Lands and Territories; his 
term expired in 1865. 

Carlisle, John Griffin ; -was born in Campbell 
(now Kenton) County, Kentucky, Septembers, 1835; 
I'eceived a ccunmon school education ; taught school 
for a time; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 
18.58 and commenced pr.actice; w.as a member of the 
.State House of Representatives tiom 185!) to 1861; 
was elected a State Senator in 1866, and re-elected in 
1869; was a Delegate to the Democratic National 
Contention of 1868; resigned his se.at in the State 
Senate in 1871, upon his election to the office of 
Lieutenant-Clovernor, in 'which position he served 
four years; was elected a Representative, from Ken- 
tucky, to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Fort_y-seventh 
and Forty-eighth Congresses; in December, 1883, 
was elected Speaker of tlie House ; was re-elected to 
the Forty-ninth Congress and re-elected Speaker. 

Carlton, Peter; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New Hampshire, from 1807 to 1809. 

Carmack, Samuel "W.; was born in Davidson 
County, Tennessee, January 9, 1802; studied law; 
settled at Fayetterille in 1824; in 1838 went to Flor- 
ida for his health and settled there; in 1842 was ap- 
pointed a Territorial Judge; in 1846 Judge of the 
Southern Judicial District of the State, which office 
he declined. Died December 18, 1849. 

Carmichael, T -hard B.; was a native of 
Maryland; graduatcl at rrinceton College in 1828; 
studied law; was a Representative from Maryland 
in the Twenty-third Congress; was I'resident of the 
Courts of Queen Anne Cotmty, Maryland, in 1861. 

Carmichael, William; was a native of Jlary- 
land: in 1776 aided Mr. Deane, the American Minis- 
ter at Paris, in his correspondence; went to Berlin to 
communicate to the King of Prussia intelligence con- 
cerning American commerce, and assisted the Ameri- 
can Commissioners in Paris; was a Dch^gate to the 
Continental Congress from 1778 to 1780; was Secre- 
tary of Legation during Mr. Jay's mission to Spain ; 
remained as Charge d^Affair''s after Mr. Jay lelt in 
1782; receiving a commission in 1790, retained the 
office for about fifteen years; in 1792 was authorized, 
jointly with William Short, to negotiate with Spain 
concerning the navigation o" the Mississippi River. 
Died in 1795. 

Cames, Thomas P.; was born and educated in 
Maryland; studied law, and settled in Georgia; was 
there successively Solicitor-General, Attorney-Gen- 
eral, and Judge of the Supreme Court; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Georgia fiom 1793 to 1795. 
Died at Milledgfeville, May 8, 1822. 

Carney, Thomas; was a Governor of Kansas 
from 1861 to 1864. 



Carpenter, Cyrus Clay; was born in Harlbrd, 
Susi|iieh:nina County, Pennsylvania, Xovember 24, 
1829; received an English education; in his eigh- 
teenth year Ijegan to teac^h school ; removing to Ohio, 
followc I the same occupation there; in 18.54 emigrated 
to Iowa, traveling the entire distance on foot; at Fort 
Dodge found employment as an assi.stant surveyor; 
in 1857 was elected to the State Legi.slature; in 1861 
entered the army, and as Brevet-Colonel rendered 
important service during the war; in 18(i6 was elected 
Register of the State Land Ollicc at Des Moines, and 
was re-elected; in 1871 was elected Governor of Iowa; 
in January, 1876, was appointed Second (Jomptroller 
of the Treasury Department at Washington; resigned 
in 1877; was a State Commissioner of Railroads in 
1878; was elected a Representative from Iowa to the 
Forty-si-vth and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Carpenter, Davis ; was born in Walpolc, Chesh- 
ire County, New Hampshire, December 25, 1799; re- 
ceived an academic education ; studied medicine, 
and took the degree of M.D. at Middlcbury College, 
Vermont, in 1824; removed to the State of New York 
in 1825, and there attained the position of Colonel of 
a rifle corps; was a Representative in Congress from 
New York trom 1853 to 18.55, in place of A. Boody, 
resigned; was subsequently devoted to his profession 
and to surveying. 

Carpenter, George Moulton ; was born at 

Portsmouth, Rhode Island, April 22, 1844; studied 
in the public' schools in New Bedford, Massachusetts, 
and Pro\idcnt'e, Rhode Island, .and was graduated 
from Brown University, at Providence, September 7, 
1864; was, ibr a time, employed as a reporter for the 
Pnividcrxr Keening Press, the Providence Dailg Journal, 
and in the coiu-ts; studied law; was admitted to the 
bar in 18()7, and engaged in the practice of law at 
Providence, Rhode Island; on July 1, 1880, was ap- 
pointed, by the Ciovernor, one of a Board of Cotnmis- 
sioners to revise the laws of Rhode Island; in April, 
1882, was elected, by the fiencral Assembly of Rhode 
Island, a Justice of the Supreme Court of the St.ate; 
in January, 1885, wasappointcd, by President Arthur, 
United States District Judge for the District of Rhoile 
Island, and resigned his position on the State Supreme 
Bench. 

Carpenter, Levi D.; was a Representative i* 
Congress from New York, li'om 1843 to 1845, in the 
place of Samuel Beardsley, resigned. 

Carpenter, Le'wis Cass ; was bom in Putnam, 
Connecticut, February 20, 1S3(): received a common 
school education; removed to New Jersey, where he 
taught school tor several years; studied law and was 
admittc^d to the bar, but ne\er practiced; was for 
several years ccmnected with New York papers; re- 
moved to Washington in 1864, and was appointed to 
a position in the Treasury Department; was corres- 
pondent for several newspapers; assisted in estab- 
lishing the first daily paper in South Carolina, 'I'he 
(Viarlcslown Ecpuhlican, in 1868, and removed there ia 
1870 to become one of its editors; established The 
Duibi Union in 1870; was elected to the Forty-third 
Congress to till the unexpired term of Robert B. 
Elliott, resigned. 

Carpenter, Matthe-w H.; was born in More- 
town, Vermont, in 1824; became the adopted son of 
Paul Dillingham in his twelfth year; spent two years, 
1853 and 18.54, at the West Point Arademy ; studied 
law, and on adopting the piofession, removed to Wis- 
consin ; was, for several years, a District .Vttorney for 
the State, and practiced his prol'ession belbre the 
Supreme Court of the United .State,s; was elected a 
Senator iu Congress from Wisconsin, for the term 



84 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



commencing in ISIO and ending in 1875, serving on 
the Committees on tlie Judiciary, Patent-^, and Re- 
vision of Laws; also served as President prn fciii of 
tiie Senate; was again elected United States Senator 
in 1878 for the term ending in 1885. Died at Wash- 
ington City, February 24, 1831. 

Carr, Dabney S.; was a native of Baltimore; 
was several vears Naval Officer of that port; was 
United State.s'Minister to Turkey from 184;5 to 1849. 
Died at Charlottsville, Virginia, March 24, 1854, aged 
fifty-one years. 

Carr, Francis ; was a member of the Massa- 
chusetts Legislature from 1806 to 1811 ; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Massachusetts, from 1811 
to 1813. Died in October, 1821, aged sixty-nine 
years. 

Carr, James : served three years in the Massa- 
chusetts Legislature from Bangor; wsrs a Representa- 
tive in Congie.ss from Massachusetts, from 1815 to 
1817. 

Carr, Jolin; was a Representative in Congress 
Irom Indiana, from 18;il to 18:37, and again from 18o'J 
to 1841. Died in Clark, county, Indiana, January 
20, 1845. 

Carr, Nathan T.; was born in Steuben county, 
New York, December 25, 183:J; studied law, and 
commenced practice in 1858; removed to Miclugan 
in 1854; was elected a Representative in the State 
Legislature in 1858; in 181J0 was elected Recorder of 
Midland County; entered the Union Army in 18(>1, 
as First Lieutenant; resigned in 18(i2; removed to 
Indiana in 18U3; in 18(i2 was elected Circuit Prose- 
cutor; was elected a Representative, from Indiana, 
to the Forty-fourth Congress to till the vacancy 
caused by the death of M. C. Kerr. 

Carrington, Ed-ward ; was born in Virginia, 
February 11, 1740; was an efficient officer during the 
Revolution; was for some time yuarterma.ster-Gen- 
eral of the Army under General Greene, in the South, 
and greatly contributed to the advantage gained over 
the enemy ; w.as afterwards attached to the Army of 
the North, but previously to the evacuation of Charles- 
ton resumed his former station ; was a delegate to the 
Continental Congress from Virginia, from 1785 to 1780 ; 
was foreman of the jury which tried Aaron Burr for 
tre:ison. Died October 28, 1810. 

Carroll, Charles, of CarroUton ; was born in 
Annapolis, Maryland, on the 20th of September, 1737; 
was descended from a respectable Irish liimily; was 
of the Roman Catholic faith, and inherited a very 
large estate ; at an early age was sent to St. Omer to 
be educated; afterwards removed to Rheims; after 
ha\'ing studied civil law in France lie went to Lon- 
don and pursued the study of common law at the 
Temple ; returned to America at the age of twenty- 
seven ; soon became known as an advoc;ite for liberty, 
and was one of the ablest political writers of Mary- 
land; in 1776 was elected a Delegate to the old Con- 
gress, and subscribed his name to the Declaration of 
Independence; at the time of his death was the last 
sur\'i\'ing signer of that document; in 1778 left Con- 
gress, iind devoted himself to the councils of his native 
State; in 1789 was elected a Senator to the new Con- 
gress; in 1810 quitted public life, and passed the re- 
mainder of his days in tranquility, beloved and re- 
vered by his friends and neighbors and honored by his 
country ; was one of those who voted for locating the 
Seat of Government on the Potomac; was ever con- 
sidered a model of regularity in conduct and sedate- 
uess in judgment. Died in Baltimore, November 14, 
1832. 



Carroll, Charles H.; was born in Maryland 
was a member of the Assembly of the State in 1836; 
a State Senator in 1837; wius a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1813 to 1847; was a law- 
yer by education, but, instead of practicing, devoted 
his whole time to managing a large estate in the Geu- 
essee country. Died in Ciroveland, Livingston County, 
New York, in 1865, aged seventy-one years. 

Carroll, Daniel; was a Delegate from Maryland 

to the Continental Congress from 1780 to 1784: signed 
the Articles of Confederation and also the Constitution; 
was a Representative in Congress from Maryland from 
1789 to 1791; was in that year appointed Commis- 
sioner for Surveying the District of Columbia; was 
one of those who voted for locating the Seat of Gov- 
ernment on the Potomac. 

Carroll, James; was bom in Maryland; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State fi-om 1839 
to 1841. 

Carroll, John Lee; was born at Honiewood, 
near Baltimore, Maryland, in 1830; was a grandson 
of Charles Carroll, of CarroUton ; was educated at the 
Roman Catholic Colleges, of Georgetown, District of 
Columbia, Emmettsburg, Maryland, and at the law 
school of Harvard Univei-sity; came to the bar in 
1851; went to New York in 1859, and was for a time 
United States Commissioner in that city; returned to 
Baltimore in 1862; was elected to the State Senate in 
1867, and again in 1871; in 1875 was elected Gov- 
ernor of Maryland; the year that he entered upon his 
duties as such was the one hundredth after the date 
that his grandtather signed the Declaration of Inde- 
pendence. 

Carroll, John M.; was born in Springfield, New 
York, April 27, 1825; received an academic educa- 
tion; graduated at Union College, Schenectady, in 
1846; studied law, and came to the bar in 1848; was 
elected District Attorney of Fulton County in 1859, 
and held that office three years; was elected to the 
Forty -second Congress. 

Carroll, T. K.; was elected Governor of Maryland 
in 1830 and 1831. 

Carroll, William ; was born in Pittsburg, Penn- 
■sylvania in 1788 ; was engaged in the hardware business 
in that town, whence he emigrated to Nashville Ten- 
nessee; his fitness for military service attracted the at- 
tention of General Jackson, and he made him Captain 
and Brigadier-Inspector in his Division of the army, 
February 20, 1813; was Colonel and Insuxtor-Gen- 
eral from September, 1813, to May, 1814; in 1813 
fought a duel with Jesse Benton, a brother of Colonel 
Thomas H. Benton ; distinguished himself at Euoto- 
chopco; was wounded in the battle of the Hoise-Shoe 
Bend of Tallapoosa River, March 27, 1813; was Ma^ 
jor-General of Tennessee Militia, November 13, 1814, 
to May 13, 1815; distinguished in the defense of New 
Orleans, and especially in the battle of January 8, 
1815; was governor of Tennessee from 1821 to 1827, 
and from 1829 to 1835. Died in Nashville, March 22, 
1844. 

Carson, Samuel P.; was born at Pleasant Gar- 
den, Burke County, North Carolina; was, for several 
years, a member of the State Legislature; was a 
Representative in Congress, from North Carolina, 
from 1825 to 1833; he killed Doctor Robert B. Vance 
in a duel in 1827; at tlie close of his services in Con- 
gress removed to Arkansas, where he died in Novem- 
ber, 1840. 

Carter, Harley H. ; was born in New York ; re- 
moved to Michigan, from which State he was ap- 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNAL:?. 



85 



pointed an Associate Justice of the United States 
Court for the Territory of Arizona. 

Carter, John ; was born on Black River, Svimter 
District, South Carolina, September 10, 1792; gradu- 
ated at South Carolina College, Columbia; was a law- 
yer by profession; was a Representative in Congress, 
from South Carolina, from 18'£i to 1829, when he 
declined a re-election; his residence was in Camden, 
but he removed to Georgetown, District of Columbia. 
in 1836, where he remained until his death, whicli 
occurred June 20, 1850. 

Carter, Luther C; was born in Bethel, Oxford 
County, Maine, February 25, 1805; received an aca- 
demic education; settled in New York City, and de- 
voted himself to mercantile pursuits with success; 
was, for some years, a member of tlie Board of Edu- 
cation in tliat city; retired from business and settled 
on a farm on Long Island; was elected a Represent- 
ative, from New York, to the Tliirty-sixth Congress, 
serving as Cliairman of tlie Committee on the Dis- 
trict of Columbia. 

Carter, Timothy J.; was educated for the legal 
profession; was Secretary of the Maine Senate in 
1833; County Attorney from 1833 to 18.37; was a 
Representative in Congress, from Maine, from 1837 
to the date of his death, which occurred at Wash- 
ington, March 14, 1838. 

Carter, William B.; was born in Tennessee in 
1812; was a mcniljer of the House .and Senate in the 
State Legislature; President of the Constitutional 
-Convention; from 1835 to 1841 a Representative in 
Congress from his native State. Died in Carter 
County, Tennessee, April 17, 1848. 

Cartter, David K.; was born in New York; was 
a Representative in Congress, from Ohio, from 1849 
to 18.">3; in 1801 was appointed, by President Lin- 
coln, Minister to Bolivia; wa.s subsetiuently appoint- 
ed a Judge of the Supreme Covrrt of the District of 
Columbia. 

Caruthers, Robert L.; was born in Smilli 
County, Tennessee, July 31, 1800; obtained the rudi- 
ments of an Knglish education by his own unaided 
exertions; from 1816 to 1818 wa.s clerk in a store; 
subsequently improved his education at Woodward 
Academy and GreenvUIe College; studied law, and 
came to the bar in 1823; served one year as Clerk in 
tlie Legislature of Tennessee; returning to his native 
sounty, was appointed Clerk of tlie Chancery Com t 
there; edited a paper for one year; settled in" Wilson 
County in 182(), and was soon afterwards elect<'d 
suite Attorney, holding the office live years; in 1834 
was elected a Brigadier-General of Militia; was a 
member of the Tennessee Legislature in 1835; was a 
I'residential Elector in 1845, declining to run for 
(iovernor; was a Representative in Congress, from 
Tennessee, from 1841 to 1843, declining a re-election; 
in 18.52 was called to a seat on the Supreme Bench of 
Tennessee, holding the position many years; was a 
Delegate to the Peace Convention of 1861. Died 
October 4, 1S82. 

Caruthers, Samuel; was born in Madison 
County, Mis.souri, Oi'tober 13, 1820; was educated at 
Clinton College, Tennessee; was a lawyer bv iirofe.s- 
sion ; was elected a member of the Hou.se of R'epre- 
sentatives in Congress, from Missouri, from 1853 to 
1859. Died at Cape Girardeau, Missouri, July 20, 
1860. 

Cary, George B.; was a member of Congress 
from the Petersburg District, Virginia, in 1842 and 
1843. Died iu Southampton County, Virginia, 
March 5, ls50. 



Cary, Samuel F.; was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, 
February 18, 1814; passed his early life on a farm; 
gra<iuated at the Miami ljni\crsi(y in 1*^35, and at 
the Cincinnati Law School in ls37; practiced law 
until 1845, when he retired to a liirm; was lor many 
years a warm advocate of the cause of Temperance; 
was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on tlie Committees on Education 
.and Labor, and Weights and Measures; was the only 
member of his party who voted against the Impeach- 
ment of President Andrew Johnson. 

Cary, Shepard ; was a merchant and farmer; 
was a member of the Maine Legislature in 1832, 
1^33, from 1839 to 1842, in 1843, and from 1848 to 
1854; was a Representative in Congress, from Maine, 
from 1844 to ls45, and served ;vs a member of the 
Committee on Claims; in 1836 was a Presidential 
Elector. Died in Maine, in August, 1866. 

Case, Charles ; was born at Austinburg, Ashta- 
bula County, Ohio, December 21, 1^17; wasalawyer 
by prolession; was a Representative, from Indiana, 
in the Thirty-fifth Congress; was a member of the 
Committee on Invalid Pensions; was re-elected to tlie 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Territories. 

Case, "Walter; was born in Dutchess County, 
New York: was a Repn-sentative iu Congress liom 
that State from 1819 to 1821. 

Casey, Joseph; was born in Maryland; was a 
Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania tiom 
1849 to 1851; in 1833 was appointed, by President 
Lincoln, a Judge of the Court of Claims. 

Casey, Levi ; was a Keiiresentative in Congress 
from .South Carolina from 1803 to 1807. Died Feb- 
ruary 1, 1807. 

Casey, Samuel; was born in Kentucky; while 
residing in Washington City, in 18.5:i, was appointed 
Treasurer of tile United States, and held the office 
until 1860. 

Casey, Samuel L.; was elected a Representative 
from Kentucky to the Thirty-seventh Congress; was 
.subsequently appointe<l, by President I^ineoln, a 
Commissioner to look after certain national interests 
in the South-western .States. 

Casey, Zadoc; was born in Georgia; on remov- 
ing to Illinois, wasa Representative in Congiess from 
that State from 1833 to 1843; also held the office of 
Lieutenant-Govmnor of the State, and wasa member 
of one of the State Constitutional Conventions. Died 
at Caseyville, Illinois, in 1862, aged sLxty-six years. 

Caskie, John S.; was born in Virginia: was 
elected a Representative in Congress from his native 
State from 1851 to 1855, serving as a member of the 
Committee on the Judiciary. Died in Richmond, 
Virginia, December 15, 1869. 

Cason, Thomas J.; was born in Union County, 
Indiana, Sei)tenilier 13, 1828; was educated at com- 
mon schools; worked on a farm ; when seventeen vcam 
of age commenced teaching .school and leading law; 
was admitted to thcbar of the.Supieine Court in .May, 
1852, and continued to practice at Lebanon, except 
when on the Bench; was a member of the Legislature 
in 1861, 1862, 1863, and 1H64; of the State Senate in 
1864, 1865, 186(!, and 18(i7; was appointed Judge of 
Common Pleas in 1867. and re-elected to the same 
otlice for a term of four years: w;is elected to the 
Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses, serving on 
the Committee on Revision of Laws. 



86 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Cass, Le'wis ; was born in Exeter, New Hamp- 
shire, October 9, 1782; having received a limited 
education at liis native place, at the early age of sev- 
enteen he crossed the Allegheny Mountains on foot, 
to seek a home in the "Great AVest," then an almost 
unexplored wilderness: settled at Marietta, Oliio; 
studied law, and was sucecssful; elected at twenty- 
five to the Legislature of Ohio, he originated the bill 
which arrested the proceedings of Aaron Burr, and, 
as stated by Mr. Jeli'erson, was the first blow given 
to what is known as Burr's Conspiracy; in 18U7 was 
appointed, by President Jefferson, JIarshal of the 
State, and held the office until the latter part of 1811, 
when he volunteered to repel Indian aggressions on 
the frontier; was elected Colonel of the Third Regi- 
ment of Ohio Volunteers, and entered the military 
service of the United States at the commencement of 
the War of 1812 ; having, by a difficult march, 
reached Detroit, he urged the immediate inv.asion of 
Canada, and was the author of the proclamation of 
that event; was the first to land in arms on the ene- 
my's shore, and, with a small detachment of troops, 
fought and won the first battle, that of the Tarontoe; 
at the subsequent capitulation of Detroit he was ab- 
sent on important service, and regretted that his 
command and himself had been included in that ca- 
pitulation; liberated on parole, he repaired to the 
seat of Government to report the causes of the dis- 
aster and the lailure of the campaign; was imme- 
diately appointed a Colonel in the Regular Army, 
and soon after promoted to the rank of Brig.aclier- 
General, having in the meantime been elected Major- 
General of the Ohio Volunteers; on being exchanged 
and released from parole, he again repaired to the 
frontier, and joined the army for the recovery of 
Michigan; being at that time without a command, 
he served and distinguished himself, as a volunteer 
Aid-de-C'amp to General Harrison, at the battle of 
the Thames; was appointed, by President Madison, 
in October, 1813, Governor of Michigan; his position 
combined, with the ordinary duties of chief magis- 
trate of a civilized community, the immediate man- 
agement and control, as Superintendent, of the rela- 
tions with the numerous and powerful Indian tribes 
in that region of country; conducted with success the 
aflairs of the Territory, under embarrassing circum- 
stances ; under his sway peace was preserved be- 
tween the whites and the treacherous and disaffected 
Indians, law and order established, and tlie Territory 
rapidly advanced in population, resources, and pros- 
perity; held this position until July, 1831, when he 
was. by President Jackson, nuide Secretary of War; 
in the latter part of lS3(i President Jackson ap- 
pointed him Minister to France, where he remained 
until 1842, when he asked to be recalled, and re- 
turned to this country; in January, 1845, was elected, 
by the Legislature of Michigan, to the Senate of the 
United States, which position he resigned on his nom- 
ination, in Jlay, 1848, as a candidate for the Presi- 
dency by the political party to whicli he belonged; 
after the election of his <ippouent (General Taylor) 
to that office, the Legislatiu-e of his State, in 1849, 
re-elected him to the Senate, tor the unexpired por- 
tion of Ills original term of six years; when Mr. 
Buchanan became President, he invited General Cass 
to the head of the Department of State, which posi- 
tion he resigned in December. 1860 ; he devoted 
some attention to literary pursuits, and his ^^Titings, 
speeches and State papers would make several vol- 
umes, among which is one entitled "France, its 
King, Court, and Government," published in 1840. 
Died in Detroit, June 17, 186G. 

Cass, Le'wis, Jr.; w:'s born in Detroit. Michi- 
gan ; the noted Governor and Cabinet Minister bear- 
ing the same name was his father; was liberally edu- 



cated; in 1849 was appointed Charge d' Affaires to the 
Papal States, and in 1854 was promoted to the rank 
of Minister Resident; remained in Italy until 1858. 

Cassedy, G-eorge ; was born in Bergen County, 
New Jersey; was a Representative in Congress from 
New Jersey from 1821 to 1827. Died in Hackensack, 
New Jersey, December 31, 1842, aged fifty-eight 
years. 

Casserly, Eugene; was born in Ireland, ia 
1822; came to this country with his parents in 1824; 
studied law, and came to the bar in New York City; 
relinquished his profession, and engaged in journal- 
istic labors; removed to California in 1850, and iden- 
tified himself with the press of San Francisco; was 
elected a Senator in Congress from Calitbrnia, for the 
term commencing in 1869 and ending in 1875, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Printing, Public Lands, 
and Foreign Relations; resigned before the expira- 
tion of his term. Died June 14, 1883. 

Cassidy, George 'Williains; was born in 

Bourbon County, Kentucky, April 25, 1836; received 
a common school education; became a journalist; 
settled in Nevada; was a State Senator from 1872 to 
1880; President of the Senate during the session of 
1879; was elected a Representative from Nevada to 
the Forty -seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Caswell, L. B.; was born in Swanton, Vermont, 
November 27, 1827; went to Wisconsin in 1837; re- 
ceived a liberal education; studied law, and came to 
the bar in 1852; in 18.55 and 1856 was District At- 
torney; Delegate to the Republican Convention of 
186S;" member of the State Legislature in 1863, 1872, 
and 1874; was elected a Representative from Wis- 
consin to the Forty-fourth Congress; was re-elected 
to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh 
Congresses; was again elected a Representative in 
the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Caswell, Richard; was bom in Maryland, 
August 3, 1729; emigrated to North Carolina in 
1746. where, for some years, he w;\s employed in the 
puljlic offices; afterwards studied law, and practiced 
with success: from 1754 to 1771 was a member of the 
Colonial Assembly, and for the last two years was 
Speaker of the House of Delegates; commanded the 
right wing of Tryon's forces at the battle of AUa- 
mancc, in 1771 ; 'was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress from 1774 to 1776; in 1775 was President of 
the Provincial Congress which framed the Constitu- 
tion of the State, and was elected first Governor 
of North Carolina under it, holding that office until 
1779; in 1780 led the North Carolina troops in the 
battle of Camden ; in 1782 was Speaker of the Sen- 
ate, and Comptroller-General, performing the duties 
of both oflices until 1784, when he was again elected 
Governor, and held that position until he became in- 
eligible by the laws of the State; in 1787 was a Dele- 
gate to the Convention for framing the Federal Con- 
stitution; in 1789 was elected State Senator, and was 
a member of the Convention which ratified the Con- 
stitution; was also Speaker of the Senate, and, 
whilst presiding over that body, November 5, 1789, 
was stricken with paralysis, which proved fatal in 
ten days. 

Catchings, Thomas Clendenin ; was bom in 

Hinds County, Mississippi, January 11, 1847; en- 
tered the University of Mississippi in 1850; left 
during the Sophomore year, and, in the spring of 
1861, "entered the junior class at Oakland College, 
Mississippi; very soon thereafter entered the Con- 
federate Army; served tlrroughout the Civil War; 
after its close studied law ; was admitted to the bar 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



87 



in 1866, and engaged in the practice of law at Vicks- 
buig, Mississippi; in 1875 was elected State Sen- 
ator for a term of four years; resigned in 1877, and 
Wiis elected Attorney-General of Mississippi for four 
years; in 1881 was re-nominated by acclamation, and 
was re-elected; in 1884 was elected a Kepresentative 
from Mississippi to the Forty-ninth Congress, and in 
Xovember, 1885, resigned the Attorney-Generalship 
to assume his Congressional duties. 

Gate, George W.; was born in Jlontpelier, Ver- 
mont, in September, 18"24; received a common school 
education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, 
and settled in Portage County, Wisconsin; was Dis- 
trict-Attorne.v; a member of the Legislature for two 
terms; Judge of the Circuit Court of the Seventh 
Judicial Circuit in 1854; was re-elected tliree terms, 
holding the position twenty-one years; in 1874 re- 
signed, and was elected a Representative from Ver- 
mont to the Forty-lburth Congress. 

Cathcart, Charles W.; was born in the Island 
of Maderia in 18(19; went to sea in earl.y life; studied 
mechanics; removed to Indiana in 1831; was, for 
several years, a United States Surveyor; served in 
the State Legislature; was a Presidential Klector in 
1845; was elected a Representative in Congress from 
Indiana from 1845 to 1849; was a Senator in Con- 
gress from 1852 to 1853, by apijointment. 

Catlin, George S.; was born in Harwington, 

LitchlieUl County, Connecticut, in 1809; received a 
common school and academic education; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1830; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1843 to 1845; was a num- 
ber of years in the State Legislature; State Attorney, 
and Judge of the Windham County Court. Died in 
December, 1851. • 

Oato, Sterling G.; was horn in Georgia and 
removed to AUibama, from which State lie was ap- 
pointed as Associate Justice of the United States 
Court for the Territory of Kansas. 

Catron, John ; was born in W_^-the County, Vir^ 
ginia, in 1778; received a common school education; 
removed to Tennessee in 1812; served with General 
Jackson in the New Orleans campaign; studied law; 
soon after coming to the bar was appointed Attorney 
for the State; in 1818 settled in Nasln illc, and ob- 
tained a high reputation as a chancery lawyer; in 
1824 was ap lointed one of the Judges of tlie Supreme 
Court of tile State; in 1837 was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Van Buren, a Justice of the Su])reme Court of 
the United States, which position he lielil until his 
death, which occurred at Nashville, May 30, 1865. 

Cattell, Alexander G.; was born in Salem, New 
Jereey, February 12, 1816; was educated at tlie vil- 
lage school; spent a, part of his youth as a clerk in 
his liither's store; in 1840 was elected to the State 
Legislature; Irom 1842 to 1844 was Clerk of the Gen- 
eral Assembly, and in the latter year was a member 
of the State Constitutional Convention; in 1816 .set- 
tled in Philadelphia as a mercliant; becamea director 
in the Mcchani<'s' Bank; was elected to the city 
Councils from 18.">0to 1854: in 1855 returned to New 
Jersey, but continued his business in Pliiladelphia; 
was one of the early Presidentsof the Corn K.Kcliange 
Association of that city; in 1858 organized llie Corn 
Exchange Bank, and was President of the same; in 
1866 was elected a Senator in Congress IVom New 
Jersey, for the term ending 1871, in the place of J. 
P. Stockton, unseated by the Senate, serving on the 
Committees on Finance, Agriculture, and Public 
Lands; was al.so a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
" Loyalists' Convention " of 1866. 



Caulfield, Bernard Q.; was born in Alexandria, 
Virginia, October 15, 1828; graduated at Georgetown 
College, Di.strict of Columbia, in 1818, and in the 
law department of Pennsylvania Univei-sity in 1850; 
was at once admitted to the bar; removed to Chicago 
in 1853, where he engaged in the practice of his pro- 
fession; never sought or held any pnblic office until 
elected a Representative to the Forty-fourth Con- 
gress, from Illinois; in December, 1874, was elected 
to the Forty-third Congress, to till the unexpired 
term of J. B. Rice, deceased; in Deccnilier, 1875, 
was appointed Chairman of the Committee on E.\- 
peudituies in the Department of Justice. 

Causey, P. F.; was born in 1801; was a mer- 
chant by occupation; was elected Governor of Dela- 
ware in 1854, and remained in ofiice four years. 
Died in Milford, Delaware, February 17, 1871. 

Causin, John M. S.; was born in Maryland; 
was a lawyer by profe-ssion ; served .several terms in 
the Legislature; was a Representative in Congress, 
from his native State, from 1843 to 1845; in 1849 was 
a Presidential Elector. Died at Cairo, Illinois, Jan- 
uary 30, 1861. 

Cavanaugh, James M.; was bom in Spring- 
field, Massachusetts, July 4, 1823; received a com- 
mon school education ; wrote for a news[)aper; adopted 
the profession of the law; removed to Minne.sota in 
1854; was elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress; re- 
moved to Colorado in 1861, and was a member of its 
Constitutional Convention; removed to Montana in 
1866, and was elected a Delegate to the Fortieth 
Congress. 

Cessna, John; was born in Bedford County, 
Pennsylvania; graduated at Marshall College in 1842; 
was a tutor in that institution for a short time, after 
which he studied law; came to the bar in 1845; in 
1849 was elected to the State Legislature, and on 
being re-elected, was made Speaker; in 1861 was 
again elected to the Legislature, and again made 
Speaker; was a Delegate to the Cincinnati Conven- 
tion of 1856; also to the Charleston and Baltimore 
Conventions of 1860; in 1865, was chosen Chairman 
of the Republican State Convention; wa< elected a 
Representative tixim Pennsylvania to the Forty-first 
and Forty -third (Congresses, serving on the Committees 
on Elections, and the War Department; in 1875, Wiis 
appointed ^\ssistant Attorney-General of the United 
States, but declined. 

Chace, Jonathan ; was born at Fall River, Mas- 
sachusetts, September 22, 1829; received an ac;ulemic 
education; engaged in the manutacture of cotton; 
Wius a member of the State Senate of Rhode Island in 
1876 and 1877; was elected a Kepresentative from 
Rhode Island to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth 
C(mgrc;sses; in January, 1885, was elected a United 
States Senator for the unexpired term of H. B. .An- 
thony, deceased, ending March 3, 1889. 

ChadTwick, Stephen F.; -was born at Middle- 
town, Connecticut, December 25, 1828; was educated 
in the public schools and by private tuition; learned 
the art of printing; studied law in the city of New 
York, and was admitted to the bar in 1850; removed 
to Oregon in 1851 ; was a member of the .State 0)n- 
stitutional Convention; at different periods was a 
Probate and County Judge; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1864 and 1868, and was the messenger to carry 
the electoral vote to Washington in the latt<T year; 
was Secretary of State from 1870 to 1878, two terras; 
became Governor in 1877, 1)V the elect ion of (iovernor 
Grover a United States Senator, serving until 1878; 
resumed the practice of his profcAsion at Salem, 
Oregon. 



88 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Chaffee, Calvin C; was born in Saratoga, New 
York, August 28, 1811; early devoted himsell to the 
study of medicine; gi-aduated at Sliddlebury College, 
Vermont; become a citizen of Massachusetts; was 
elected a Representative in Congress &om that btate 
to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses serv- 
ing as a member of the Committee on Invalid Pen- 
sions; in 1859 was appointed Librarian of the House 
of Representatives, which ofdce he held until IbOl, 
when he was succeeded by the compiler ot this 
volume. 

Chaffee, Jerome B.; was bom in Niagara County, 
New York, April 17, 1835; received an academic edu- 
cation; became largely engaged in mining operations; 
was elected to the Legislature of Colorado in 1861, 
1862 and 1863, and served as Speaker ot the House; 
was elected by the State Legislatm-e of the proposed 
State of Colorado, in 1865, a United States Senator; 
was elected to the Forty-second and two succeeding 
Congresses as Delegate from the Territory of Colorado, 
serving on the Committee on Temtories; on the ad- 
mission of Colorado as a State, in 1876, was elected 
United States Senator from that State for the short 
term, ending in 1879. Died at Salem Centre, West- 
chester County, New York, March 9, 1886. 

Chalmers, James Ronald ; was born in Hali- 
fix County, Virginia, Jannaiy 11, 1831; removed to 
Mississippi in 1839; graduated at South Carolina Col- 
le-'e in 1851 ; studied law, and was admitted to prac- 
tice in 18.53; was elected District Attorney ml8o8;_ 
■was a Delegate to the State Secession Convention ot 
1861- entered the Confederate Army in 1861, as Cap- 
tain,'and served throughout the war, rising to the 
rank of Brigadier-General; was a State Senator m 
1876 and 1877; was elected a Representative from 
Mississippi to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Con- 
gresses; received the certificate of election to the 
Forty-seventh Congress, but his seat was successfully 
contested by John R. Lynch; was elected a Repre- 
sentative in' the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Chalmers, Joseph "W.; was a Senator in Con- 
gress from Mississippi from 18'15 to 18-17. 

Chamberlain, D. H.; was born in West Brpok- 
field Worcester County, Massachusetts, June 23, 1835; 
graduated at Yale College in 1862, and at Harvard 
Law School in 1863; served in the Fifth Ma.s.sachu- 
setts Cavalry from 1863 to 1865: settled in Charles- 
ton South Carolina, in 1866: was elected Attorney- 
General of the State in 1868; in 1874 was elected 
Cxovernor of South Carolina. 

Chamberlain, EbenezerM.; wasbornin Iilaine; 
•p as a Rcprcseutati\e in Congress from Indiana from 
18.53 to 1855. 

Chamberlain, Jacob P.; was liorn in Massachu- 
setts; was a Representative from New York to the 
Thirty -seventh Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Agriculture. 

Chamberlain, John C; graduated at Harvard 
Univci-sitv in 1793; i)racticed law at Alstead, New 
Hampshire; was a Rcpresentati\'e in Congress from 
that State from 1809 to 1811. Died at i;tica, New 
York, December 8, 1834, aged sixty-two yeai-s. 



Chamberlain, "William; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1801: was a Re]nesentative in Congress 
from Vermont from 1803 to 1805, and again Irom 1809 
to 1811; was a State Councilor from 1796 to 1803; 
served five years in the State Legislature; was Lieu- 
tenant-Governor of Vermont from 1813 to 1815; was 
Chief Justice of a State Court from 1801 to 1803. and 
in 1814. 



ChamberUn, Joshua Lawrence; f^s bo™ 
in Bangor, Maine, September 8, 1828; graduated at 
Bowdoin College in 1852, and Bangor Tneologif^ 
Seminary in 1855; in his boyhood went to a militaTy 
academy at Ellsworth; was Protessor of Bowdoin Col- 
len-e from 1855 to 1862, when he was appointed Lieii- 
teuant^Colonel of the T^ventieth Maine Intantry, and 
Colonel in 1863; Brigadier-General in 1864 for gal- 
lantry at Petersburg, where he was severely wounded ; 
was Brevet Major-General, and again wounded at 
Quaker Road, in 1865; commanded the First Division, 
Fifth Corps and led the advance which ended in Lee's 
surrender in 1865; his command received the formal 
surrender of the arms and colors of Lee's army; was 
engaged in twenty-four pitched battles, and was six 
times wounded: resumed his professorship of Modern 
Lani:'ua<'es in 1865, and in 1871 was elected President 
of Bowdoin College; received the degree of LL D. 
from Pennsylvania College in 1866, and Bowdoin Col- 
lege in 1868; was Governor of Maine from 1866 to 
1870. 

Chambers, David; wa.s born in Allentown, 
Northampton County, Pennsylvania, in 1780; was 
educated by his father, who was a school teacher; m 
1794 was employed as a confidential express to carry 
dispatches from General Henry Lee to President 
Washington during the Whisky Insurrection; m 1796 
was placed in the office of the Aurora newspaper to 
learn the printer's trade; after spending the si.xteen 
subsequent Tears on a farm in Virginia, removed to 
Zanesville, Ohio, where he conducted a newspaper, 
and was elected State Printer; when the seat of gov- 
ernment was removed to Columbus, was appointed 
Secretary of the Senate; dming the years 1812 and 
1813 was Aid-de-camp to General Cass; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Ohio, from 1821 to 1823; 
subsequently served a number of years in the State 
Lecislatnie of Ohio; was Speaker in 1844; was a 
member of the Constitutional Convention of ISol; 
was also elected Mayor of Zanesville, Recorder, and 
Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas. Died at Zanes- 
ville, Ohio, August 8, 1864. 

. Chambers, Ezekiel F.; w.as born in Kent 
County, Maryland, February 28, 1788; graduated at 
Washington College when seventeen years of age; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1808; 
performed some military service in 1812, and subse- 
quently attained the rank of Brigadier-General; in 
1822 was elected to the State Senate against his will; 
took an active part, in 1825, in arranging a system 
of legislation for the recovery of slaves; was a Sena^ 
tor in Congress, from Maryland, from 1826 to 1834, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on the Dis- 
trict of Columbia; in 1834 was appointed Chief 
Judge o« the Second Judicial District, and a Judge 
of the Court of Appeals, w^hich offices he held until 
1851, when the judiciary became elective; having 
been', in 1850, an active membA of the Convention 
which changed the .State Constitution; was offered, 
in 1852, by President Fillmore, the post of Secretary 
of the Navy in the place of Secretary Graham, who 
resigned, but his health compelled him to decline the 
honor; in 1864 was the Democratic candidate lor 
Governor of Maryland, and was, for many years, a 
Delegate to the Conventions of the Episcopal Church; 
in 1833 Yale College conferred upon him the degree 
of Doctor of Laws, and in 1852 received the same 
honor from the Delaware College. Died in Chester- 
town, Maryland, January 30, 1867. 



Chambers, G-eorge ; was born in Chambers- 
burg, I'ciinsvlvania. in 1786; graduated at Princeton 
Colk'iie in 1804; studied law; was admitted to the 
bar in 1807, and practiced extensively in the Frank- 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



89 



lin County Courts; was a Representative in Congress, 
lioin Pennsylvania, froiii 183:5 to 1837; was then 
elected a Delegate to the Pennsylvania Constitu- 
tional Convention; in 1851 was appointed, by the 
Governor, with the unanimous eouseiit of the Senate, 
a Justice of the Supremo Court of the State, which 
office he held until the expiration of its tenure under 
the" Constitution; after that time he lived in retire- 
ment, discharging many trusts and oflices, in pro- 
motion of religion and education, in the town of his 
birth, which bears his father's name. Died in Jlarch, 
1866. 

Chaniber.s, Henry ; was a Senator in Congress, 
from Alabama, from 1825 to 1826. Died January 25, 
1826. 

Chambers, John ; was born in New Jersey in 
1779; emigrated to Kentucky when thirteen years of 
age; studied law, and practiced the profession with 
success: was an Aid-de-cainp to General Harrison at 
tjie battle of the Thames; was appointed Governor 
of the Territory of Iowa, by President Harrison, 
manilesting great ability and prudence in his inter- 
course with the Indians; was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Taylor, a Commissioner to make a treaty with 
the Sioirx Indians; was a nicinljer of Congi-ess, from 
Kentucky, from 1827 to 1829, and again from 1835 
to 1839. Died near Paris, Kentucky, September 21, 
1852. 

Champion, Epaphroditus ; was a Eepresent- 
ative ia Congress, trom Connecticut, from 1^117 to 
1817; a man greatly respected for his public and pri- 
vate character. Died at East Haddam, Connecticut, 
November 22, 1835, aged seventy-eight years. 

Champlin, Christopher G-.; was a native of 
Newport, Rhode Island; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1786; was a member of Congress from 
Rhode Island from 1797 to 1801 ; a Senator of the 
United States from 1809 to 1811; at the time of his 
death, which occurred March 18, 1840, in the seventy- 
fourth year of his age, he was President of the Rhode 
Island Bank. 

Chandler, John ; was born in Maine when a 
part of Miussachusetts. rciircscuting it in the State 
Senate from 1803 to 1805, ami in Congress from 1805 
to 1808; for three years was Sheriff of Kennebec 
County; in 1812 was appointed Brigadier-General, 
and took an active part in the Canadian campaign, 
having his horse shot under him at the battle of 
Stony Creek, where he was wounded and taken pris- 
oner; was elected to the United States Senate in 1820, 
being one of the first two Senators from Maine after 
its separation from Massachusetts, serving until 1829; 
in 1829 was appointed Collector of tlie port af I'ort- 
land, serving until 1837. Died at Augusta, Septem- 
ber, 1841. 

Chandler, Joseph R.; was born in Kingston, 
Plymouth County, Massachusetts, in 1792; was 
liberally educated, and adopted the profession of the 
law; for many years edited a newsi)aper in Phila- 
delphia, entitled the United States Gazette; was a 
Representative in Congie-ss from Pennsylvania from 
1849 to 1855; in 1858 was appointed, by President 
Kuchanan, Minister to Na])lcs; alter liis return be- 
came editor of the Philadelphia North A>iiiiie<iii : in 
1821 published a "(inimuiar of the IJiglish Lan- 
guage," and svibsequently a large number of Essays 
and Addresses on subjects connected with Social Life 
and Literature. 

Chandler, Thomas; was born in Bedford. New 
Hampshire, .\ugust 10, 1772; received u common 



school education; was a farmer by occupation; had a 
fondness for sacred music, which he taught to a 
limited extent among his neighbors; was a Justice 
of the Quorum in 1808; a Captain of Militia in 1815; 
w'as a member of the New Hampshire Legislature in 
1827; a Representative in Congress from his native 
State from 1829 to 18:;3. Died in Bedford, .January 
28, 1866. His brother, John Chandler, was also in 
Congress, and he was the uncle of the Senator, Zacha- 
riah Chandler. 

Chandler, "William E.; was born in Concord, 
New Hampshire, December 28, 18.35; received a com- 
mon scliool education; studied law at the Harvard 
Law School; received the degree of LL.B. from that 
institution; came to the bar in 18.55, and practt iced 
the profession until 1865; from 1859 to 1865 was re- 
porter of the Supreme Court of New Hampshire; was 
elected to the State Legislature in 1862, 1863, and 
I8fil, and twice chosen Speaker; was made an A.M. 
by Dartmouth College; in 1865 was appointed, by 
President Lincoln, Judge- Advocate General; soon 
afterwards appointed Assistant Secretary of the 
Treasury; resigned in 1867; was Secretary of the 
National Republican Committee, and participated in 
the campaigns of 1868 and 1872; in 1882 was ap- 
pointed, by President Arthur, Secretary of the 
Navy. 

Chandler, Zachariah ; was born in Bedford, 
New Hampshire, December 10, 1813; received an 
academic education; engaged in mercantile pursuits; 
was Mayor of Detroit, Michigan, in 1851; was an un- 
successful candidate for Governor of Michigan in 
1852; was elected a Senator in Congress, from Michi- 
gan, to succeed Senator Cass, taking his seat in 
the .Thirty-fifth Congi-ess; served as a member 
of the Committee on the District of Columbia, and as 
Chairman of the Committee on Commerce; was re- 
elected to the Senate in 1863, lor the term ending in 
1869, serving on the Committees on Revolutionary 
Claims and on Jlines and Mining, and again as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Commerce; was a member 
of the National Committee appointed to accompany 
the remains of President Lincoln to Illinois; was also 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1866; re-elected to the Senate for the term 
ending in 1875, serving as Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Commerce; in October, 1875, was appointed 
Secretary of the Interior; served in that cajjacity 
until JIarch, 1877; in 1879 was elected United Slates 
Senator, for the term ending in 1881, in ])lace of I. 
P. Christiancv, resigned. Died at Chicago, Illinois, 
November 1, 1879. 

Chaney, John ; was born in Maryland; was a 
Ivepresentative in Congress from Ohio from 1833 to 
1839. 

Chanler, John Winthrop ; was born in the 
city of New York in 1826; w;is a member of the New 
York Asseml)ly in 1859 and 1860, and declined a re- 
nomination: in 1862 was elected a l;c]irc.sentative 
from New York to the Thirty-eighth (Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Patents; re-elected to the 
Thirtj'-ninth Congress, .serving on the Committees on 
the Bankrupt Law, on Patents, and Southern Rail- 
roads; re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, and Wiis 
]. laced on the Committees on Elections, Southern 
IJailroads, and Patents. 

Chapin, Chester "W.; was bnm in Ludlow, 
Hampshire County, Ma.s.sachusctts, December 16, 
1798; was well educated at the common .'ichools; 
during his long and active life was engaged in the 
various occupations of a farmer, menhaut. banker, 
manufacturer, and the business of transportation by 



90 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



sea and land; was long the President of the Boston 
and Alhanv Railroad Company; in 1853 was a mem- 
ber of the State Constitutional Convention ot his 
State; in 1874 was eleeted a Kepresentative trom 
Massachusetts to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Chapin, Graham H.; was horn in Connecticut; 
graduated at Yale College in 1817; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from New York from 183o to 1837. 
Died in 1843. 

Chapman, Andrew Grant; was born at La 

Platte, Maryland, January 17, 1839; received a col- 
leo-iate education, graduating at St. John's College, 
Maryland in 1858; studied law; was admitted to 
the bar in 1800; resided in Baltimore for three years 
and then settled at I'ort Tobace, JIaryland, and en- 
gaged in the practice of law and in agricultural pur- 
sufts; was a Representative in the State Legislatare 
in 1868, 1870, and 1872; was elected a Representative 
from Maryland to the Forty-seventh Congress. 

Chapman, Augustus A.; was born in Virginia; 
■was a Kepresentative in Congress from that State 
from 1843 to 1847. 

Chapman, Bird B.; was born in Connecticut; 
on removing to Nebraska, was elected a Delegate 
from that Territory to the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Chapman, Charles ; was bom in Newtown, 
Connecticut, in 1799; received an academic educa- 
tion; studied law, and practiced at Newtown from 
1824 to 1827; removed to Hartford in 1832, and from 
that city was three times elected to the Legislature; 
from 1841 to 1845 was United States District Attor- 
ney; was a Representative in Congress from 1851 to 
1853; was Temperance candidate for Governor in 
1854; his abilities as a criminal lawyer gave him a 
■wide reputation. Died in Hartford, August 7, 1869. 
His father, Asa Chapman, was also an eminent 
lawyer and a Judge of the Supreme Court of Con- 
necticut. 



Chapman, Henry; was born in Bucks County, 
Pennsylvania, about the year 1805; received a good 
education, and read law under the competent direc- 
tion of his father; was admitted to the bar aliont 
1826; was a member of the State Senate for three 
years, from January, 1843; President Judge of the 
Fifteenth Judicial District of Pennsylvania for .some 
years after leaving the Senate; was a Representative 
in the Thirty-fifth Congress from Pennsylvania; was 
elected President Judge of the Seventh Judicial Dis- 
trict of Pennsylvania in 1861. 

Chapman, John ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1797 to 1799. 

Chapman, John G. ; was born in Charles County, 
Maryland, July 5, 1798; laid the foundation of his 
education at Yale College, which he left during his 
senior term, on account of his health, and afterwards 
refused a diploma which was tendered to him by the 
faculty; studied law with William Wirt; after prac- 
ticing for some time, turned his attention to politics, 
and between the years 1824 and 1844 was almost con- 
stantly in the Legislatiu-e of Maryland; in 1845 was 
elected a Representative in Congress, and re-elected 
in 1847, serving on important Committees, and doing 
much good for his constituents and the public at 
large; was chosen President of the Convention which 
framed the Constitution of Maryland in 1851; his 
last public act was to preside as Chairman of the 
National Whig Convention which met in Baltimore 
in 1856 to nominate Millard Fillmore for the Presi- 
dency; he was an eloquent speaker; filled all his 



public trusts with fidelity. Died December 10, 1856 
himented by a large number of warm personal 
friends. 

Chapman, Reuben ; was born in Virginia; was 
a Kepresentative in Congress from Alabama trom l^.io 
to 1848; was Governor of that State from 184, to 
1849. Died May 18, 1882. 

Chapman, -William -W.; was a Delegate to 
Congress from the Territory of Iowa from 1839 to 
1841. 

Chappell, Absalom H.; was born in Georgia; 
was a Kepresentative from that State to the Twenty- 
eighth Congress. 

Chappell, John J.; was born in Fairfield Dis- 
trict, South Carolina, January 19, 1782; received a 
common school education; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1804; was a Solicitor of Equity, 
Colonel of Militia, a Trustee of the State College 
in 1809, and a Bank Director; was a Representative 
in Congress fi'om South Carolina from 1813 to 1817. 

Charlton, Robert M.; was born in Savannah, 
Georgia, January 19, 1807; was liberally educated; 
studied law and came to the bar before attaining his 
majority; served in the State Legislature; became 
United" States District Attorney; in his twenty- 
seventh year was appointed Judge of the Supreme 
Court of "Eastern Georgia; was a poet, and published 
a volume of poems in 1839; and also published a 
prose work entitled "Leaves from the Portlolio of a 
Georgia Lawyer," as well as a variety of historical 
and other lectui'es and literary adtlresses; served m 
Congress as a Senator from Cieorgia, by appointment, 
during a part of the years 1852 and 1853. Died at 
Savannah, January 8, 1854. 

Chase, Dudley ; was born in Cornish, Sullivan 
County, New Hampshire, December 30, 1771 ; re- 
ceived" an academic education, and graduated at 
Dartmouth College in 1791 ; ha-s-ing been admitted to 
the bar, commenced practice in Vermont; from 1803 
to 1811 was State's Attorney for Orange County; was 
a member of the Constitutional Conventions of 1814 
and 1822; was a Repre.sentative from Randolph to the 
Legislature of Vermont in 1805, and the seven suc- 
ceexling years, during five of which he was Speaker 
of the^House of Representatives; w-as again elected 
Representative from the same town in 1823 and 1824; 
was elected United State Senator from Vermont from 
1813 to 1819; resigned his seat in 1817; was chosen 
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Vermont in 
1817, holding the same oifice, by annual re-elections, 
until 1821; then returned to his profession of the law 
for a few years; in 1824 was again chosen United 
States Senator from 1825 to 1831, inclusive, when he 
retired wholly from public life, and devoted his 
attention to larming and gardening, of which he was 
excessively fond ; he was a brother of the late Philan- 
der Chase, Bishop of Illinois. Died at Randolijh, 
Vermont, February 23, 1846. 



Chase, George "W.; was born in New York; 

was a Representative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1853 to 1855. Died in Maryland, Otsego Coun- 
ty, New York, May 1, 1867. 

Chase, Jeremiah T.; was a Delegate from Mary- 
land to the Continental Congre-ss fr-om 1783 to 1784. 

Chase, Lucien B.; was born in Vermont; was a 
Representative in Congress, trom Tennessee, from 
1845 to 1847, and for a second term, ending in 1849; 
was the author of a work entitled " History of Pres- 
ident Polk's Administration." Died in December, 
1804, aged forty-seven years. 



BIOGRAPHICAL A N N A L S . 



!)T 



Chase, Salmon P.; was born in Cornish, New 
Hampshire, January 13, 1808; his education hegan 
at liome, and was continued at the schools and acad- 
emies of New Hampshire and central Oliio, and com- 
pleted at the Cincinnati College, and at Dartuiontli, 
in New Hampshire, graduatinf; in I'^'ili, studied lai' 
in Washington City witli William Wirt, ai.d pi';.c- 
ticed his profession in Cincinnati, Ohio, for laany 
years; his first public position was that of Scb.ool 
Examiner, in Cincinnati, in IKii); in 1840 was a 
City Councilman; in 1845 projected what was calitd 
8 Liberty Convention; was a member of the Free-soil 
Convention held at Buffalo in 1848; wivs a Senator 
in Congress, from Ohio, from 184U to 1855; was elected 
Governor of Ohio in 1855, aud re-elected in 1857; in 
1860 was again chosen a Senator in Congress; on the 
day after he took his seat was appointed Secietary of 
the Treasury in President Lincoln's Cabinet; resigned 
in Tuly, li--(i4: it was while the country was passing 
through the trials of the Rebellion that the National 
Finances were successfully managed under his ad- 
ministration; was also a member of the Peace Con- 
gress of 1861, on December 6, 1864, was appointed, 
by President Lincoln, Chief Justice of the Supreme 
Court of the L'nited States, to succeed R. B. Taney; 
by virtue of his position as Chief Justice he presided 
over the Senate while acting as a Court of Impeach- 
ment, during the trial of President Andrew Johnson, 
in 18G8. Died in Wash iu gto n, May 7, 18'^. 3 ■ 

Chase, Samuel ; was born in Somerset County, 
JIarj'land, April 17, 1741; received a good education; 
came to the bar in his twenty-second yeai, settling 
at Annapolis; was one of the "Sons of Liberty;" 
was sent b\- ilaryland as a Delegate to the Continen- 
tal Congress, Avhere he served from 1774 to 1778, and 
in 1784 and 1785; was a signer of the Declaration of 
Independence; it was he who proclaimed, on the 
door of Congress, that they had a Judas among 
them, in the pei-son of J. J. Zubly, of Georgia, aud 
also made a severe demonstration against the Society 
of Friends for alleged disloyalty; in 1786 settled in 
Baltimore; in 1788 was appointed Chief Justice of 
the Crim'inal Court; w;us a membcrof the Convention 
that ratified the Federal Constitution; in 1796 was 
appointed, by President Washington, an Associate 
on the Supreme Bench; in 1804. at the instigation of 
.Tohn Randolph, was impwiched; having been ar- 
raigned in 1805, after a long trial, liis alleged im- 
proper conduct on the bench was approved. Died 
June 19, 1811. He was a man of lugh character and 
rare benevolence, and it was to him that William 
Pinkney was indebted for his education and subse- 
quent success in life. 

' Chase, Samuel ; was born in New York; was a 
Eeiiresentative in Congress, from New York, from 
1 -'.- to 18-^9. 

Chastain, Edward W.; was born in South 
Carolina; was a Representative in Congress, from 
Georgia, from 1851 to 1855. 

Chatfield, A. G-.; wa.s an early emigrant to Min- 
nesota; in 1853 was appointed an Associate Justice 
of the United States Court for the Territory of Min- 
nesota. 

Chavez, J. Francisco; was bora in Padillas, 
Bernalillo County, New Mexico, June 27, 1833; re- 
ceived a liberal education at St. Louis, Missouri; 
studied medicine at the College of Physicians and 
Surgeons in New York; lor several j'ears was devoted 
to mercantile pursuits, aud to the raising of cattle 
for the California market; in 1801 entered the mili- 
tary service of the United States, and w;is appointed 
Major of the First Regiment of Infantry raised in 



New Mexico: after participating in several battles 
and seeing much active service on the frontier, w;is 
promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel ; was 
mustered out at his own request in 18G4; in ]8(i5 was 
elected a Delegate from New Mexico to the Thirty- 
nintli Congress; re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, 
to which he was admitted during the last month of 
said Congress 

Cheatham, Richard; was a Representative in 
Congress from Tennessee, from 1837 to 1839. Died in 
Scptei'jiier, 1845. 

Cheney, Person C; was Governor of Xcw 
Hampshiie from 1875 to 1877. 

Chenoweth, James Q.; was born at Louisville, 
Kcntucivy, February 9, 1841; was educated in the 
grammar school at Harrodsburg, Kentucky, and at 
.Vsbiiiy University, Indiana, graduating from the 
latter institution in 1861; entered the Confederate 
Army as a private in 1861, and served throughout 
the Civil War, rising to the rank of Colonel; was in 
command of a brigade at the time of the surrender; 
studied law at Montgomery, Alabama, returning to 
his home, in Harrodsburg, Kentucky, in the fall of 
1S67; was, soon afterwards, elected a State Senator 
of Kentucky; served three sessions and resigned, in 
.\pril, 1872, to remove to Texas; settled at Paris, 
Texas, in the practice of law ;»s a partner of S. B. 
-Maxey, afterwards United States Senator; in 1875 
was appointed, by the Governor, District Judge; wis 
elected a Representative in the Seventeenth a.il 
Eighteenth Legislatures of Texas; on May 1, 1885, 
was appointed, by President Cleveland, First Audi- 
tor of the United States Treasury. 

Chenowith, F. A.; was born in Ohio; removed 
to Iowa, aud from that State was appointed .\ssociate 
Justice of the United States Court for the Territory 
of Washington. 

Chestnut, James, Jr.; was born near Camden, 
South Carolina, in 1815; graduated at Priuceton Col- 
lege; from 1842 to 1852 was a member of the State 
Legislature; from 1354 to 1858 was a member of the 
State Senate; was appointed to the L'nited States 
Senate, taking his seat during the second session of 
the Thirty-fifth Congress; was subsequently elected 
to that positi(m, but was expelled July II, 1861; be- 
came identified with the Rebellion of 1861, as a mem- 
ber of the so-called Confederate Congress; was a Del- 
egate to the New York Convention of 1868. 

Chetwood, William ; was born in New Jersey 
in 1769; graduated at Princeton College in 1792; was 
admitted to the bar in 1798; during the Whisky In- 
surrection attended JIajor-General Lee ;us Aid-de- 
cimp; at one time served in the State Council of 
New .Jersey; was elected to Congress from that State, 
t> iiU a vacancy during the administration of Presi- 
dent .L.ckson; was an able lawver, and practiced Ids 
profession until his seventieth year. Died December 
18, 1857. 

Cheves, Langdon ; was born in Alibeville Dis- 
trict, South Carolina, September 17, 177(); w.is ad- 
mitte 1 to the bar in 1801; elected to the Stal<' Legis- 
lature in 1808; was a Presidential Elector in 1809; 
afterwards Attorney-General of the Slate ; was a 
Representative in Congress trom South Carolina froiii 
1811 to 1816, aud was Speaker during the secou.l ses- 
sion of the Thirteenth Congress; w;us also a Com- 
missioner of Claims under the Treaty of Ghent; 
.Judge of the Court of Common I'leas from ISUi to 
1819, and lor a time President of the United States 
Bank; resigning this trust, returned to South Ciro- 
lina, and withdrew from public life. Died June 26, 
18.57. 



S2 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Chilcott, George M.; was born in Huntingdon 
County, Pennsylvania, January 2, lft28; in 1844 re- 
moved with his father to Iowa; studied medicine, hut 
did not practice the prol'ession; in 1852 was chosen 
Sheriff of Jefferson County; emigrated to Nebraska 
Territory in 1856; during the latter part of that year 
■was elected to the Territorial Legislature; in 1859 
settled in Colorado; in 1861 w;is elected to the Legis- 
lature of that Territory; in 1862 was admitted to the 
bar of the same: in 1863 was appointed, by President 
Lincoln, a Register of the Land Office, serving four 
years; in 1865 was elected to Congress as a Repre- 
sentative under the State organization, but not ad- 
mittsd; in 1866 was elected a Delegate from Colorado 
to the Fortieth Congress; in the same year was ad- 
mitted to practice before the Supreme Court of the 
United States; in April, 1882, wiis appointed a United 
States Senator from Colorado, to fill the vacancy caused 
by the resignation of H. M. Teller, serving until Feb- 
ruary, 1883. 

Childs, Thomas; was born in New York; was 
a Representati\'e from that State during the Thirty- 
fourth Congress. 

Childs, Timothy; was born in Massachusetts; 
was a member of tlie Assembly of New York in 1828 
and 1833; was a Representative in Congress from tliat 
State from 1829 to 1831, from 1835 to 1839, and again 
from 1841 to 1843. Died at Santa Cruz, in Novem- 
ber, 1847. 

Chilton, Samuel ; was born in Virginia in 1804; 
after receiving a good education, studied and adopted 
the profession of law; filled various oflices of trust 
and honor; was a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1843 to 1845; after retiring from 
Congress, was a member of the State Constitutional 
Convention. Died at his residence in Fauquier 
County, Virginia, January 14, 1867. 

Chinn, Joseph W.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Virginia, from 1831 to 1835. Died at 
Richmond, December 5, 1840. 

Chinn, Thomas W.; was born in Kentucky; 

removing to Louisiana, was elected a Representative 
in Congress from that State, from 1839 to 1841. 

Chinn, Thomas W.; was a citizen of Louisiana; 
in 1849 was appointed Charijc d' Alfnires to the Two 
Sicilies, but soon resigned, holding the office only 
from June to October. 

Chipman, Daniel; was born in 1765, in Salis- 
bury, Connecticut; graduated at Dartraoutii in 1788; 
was a lawyer by profession, and practiced at Ripton, 
Vermont; was for many years in the Legislature, 
and was frequently Speaker of the House of Repre- 
sentatives of his State; was a member of the last State 
Constitutional Convention; was tlie first reporter of 
the decisions of the Supreme Court, and author of 
an able work on " Law Contracts for the Sale of Spe- 
cific Articles," which is highly esteemed by the pro- 
fession; was a member of Congress from 1815 to 1817. 
Died at Ripton, April 23, 1850. 

Chipman, Henry; was born in Vermont in 
1785; after receiving a liberal education, adopted the 
profession of the law; when quite young went to 
South Carolina, and was engaged in the practice of 
the profession in that State until 1824, when he was 
appointed, by President Monroe, a Judge of the 
United States for the Territory of Michigan; re- 
moved to Detroit, and from that time until his death, 
which occurred in Detroit, was one of the most inttu- 
ential citizens of the State; the qualities which char- 
acterized Judge Chipman cannot, perhaps, be better 



expressed than in his own language, addres.sed to the 
compiler, when speaking of Mr. Woodbridge: "In 
his politics he was a disciple of the Wa.shington 
school, whose principles he had imbibed in early life 
from his association with the founders of the Repub- 
lic and framers of the Federal Constitution. He was 
truly national and conservative in his views and 
feelings, and always a devoted friend of the Union. 
He could never stoop to play the political partisan for 
his own advancement, but always carried his political 
opinions as parts of his private conscience and personal 
integrity, and never allowed a difference of political 
opinion to interfere with his social relations or pub- 
lic duties." 

Chipman, John S.; was born in Vermont; 

graduated at Middlcbury College in 1823; was a 
Representative in Congress from Michigan from 1845 
to 1847; subsequently removed to California. 

Chipman, Nathaniel ; was born in Salisbury, 
Connecticut, November 15, 1752; graduated at Yale 
College in 1777, and settledas a lawyer in Tinmouth, 
Vermont: was Professor of Law for twenty-eight 
years in Middlebury College; in 1786 was elected a 
Judge of the Supreme Court; in 1789 was chosen 
Chief Justice; in 1791 was appointed Judge of the 
United States District Court; was subsequently again- 
elected Chief Justice; from 1797 to 1803 was a mem- 
ber of the United States Senate from Vermont. In 
1793 he published "Sketches of the Principles of 
Government," and "Reports and Dissertations." 
Died at Tinmouth, February 13, 1843. 

Chipman, Norton P.; was born in Milford 
Centre, Oluo, Slarch 7, 1834; removed to Iowa in 
1845; entered Washington College, but left to attend 
the Law School at Cincinnati, where he graduated; 
returned to Iowa, and commenced the practice of 
law; entered the Union Army as a private, and was 
enrolled as Second Lieutenant; w;is Adjutant and 
Major of the Second Infantry; was appointed Colonel 
and additional Aid-de-camp in the Regular Army, 
and at the close of the war was brevetted Brigadier- 
Gener.al ; settled at Washington City, where he had 
previously been on duty for two years; was appointed 
Secretary of the Territorial Government of the Dis- 
trict of Columbia at its organization; was elected a 
Delegate to the Forty-second and Forty-third Con- 
gresses. 

Chittenden, Lucius B.; was born in Vermont; 

in 18ol was appointed from that State Register of the 
United States Treasury, in which office he remained 
until 1867. 

Chittenden, Martin; was born in Salisbury, 
Connecticut, March 12, 1769; in 1776 his family re- 
moved to Williston, Vermont; in 1789 graduated at 
Dartmouth College, but, owing to feeble health, de- 
voted himself to agricultural pursuits .at Jericho, in 
Chittenden County; was a member of the Conven- 
tion that adopted the United States Constitution; in 
1790 w-as elected County Clerk and Representative, 
to which position he was re-elected for six years suc- 
cessively, and also at occasional subsequent inter- 
v.als; was Judge of the County Court from 1793 to 
1795; Chief Justice from 1796 to 1803; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1803 to 1813, and Gover- 
nor of Vermont in 1813 and 1814; was .Judge of Pro- 
bate in 1821 and 1822; at the age of thirty-three at- 
tained the rank of JI;ijo]*-General of Militia; w;is 
Governor during the war with Englan<l, and refused 
to comply with the requisition of General Macomb 
for the State Militia; tliis act prevented his re-elec- 
tion as Governor. Died at Williston, Vermont, Sep- 
tember 5, 1841. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



93 



Chittenden, Simeon B.; was bora in Guillbid, 
Couuecticut, Muicli 'Ji*, 1-^14; received an academic 
education; entered a store at New Haven, Connecti- 
cut; removed to New York in 1843, where he en- 
gaged in njercaiitilc pursuits; was Vice President of 
the New York Chamber of Commerce from 1807 to 
18G9; one of the Directors in the Continental Bank, 
and in the Continental Fire Insurance Company; a 
Director in the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western, 
and other Railroads; President of the New Haven 
and New London Shore-Line Railroad of Connecticut; 
■was elected to the Forty-third Congress, to fill a 
vacancy, and was re-elected to the Forty-lburth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Civil Service; was 
re-elected to the Forty -fifth and Forty-sixth Con- 
gresses. 

Chittenden, Thomas; was born in East Guil- 
ford, Connecticut, January (i, 17oU; received a scanty 
educiitiou; removed, at the age of twenty, to Salis- 
bury, where he commanded a regiment; was many 
years a Representative in the Legislature, and Justice 
of the Peace; in 1774 emigrated to the New Hamp- 
shire grants, as Vermont was then called, and settled 
at Williston, on the Onion River; rendered service to 
the State in the Councils during the Revolution; was 
a member of the Convention in 1777 which declared 
Vermont an independent State, and was one of the 
Commissioners to solicit admission into the Confed- 
eracy; in 1777 was a member of the State Consti- 
tutional Convention; President of the Council of 
Safety; in 1778 was chosen Governor of the State, 
and, with the exception of one year, filled that office 
until his death. Died at Williston, Vermont, August 
24, 1797. 

Chittenden, T. C; was born in Massachusetts; 
Inning removed to New Y'ork, was elected a Repre- 
sentative from that State to the Twenty -sixth Con- 
gress, and re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress. 

Choate, Rufus ; was born at Ipswich, Massa- 
chusetts, Octol^er 1, 1799; graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 1819, and was afterwards chosen a tutor in 
that institut ion ; having selected the law tor his profes- 
sion, entered tlie Law School at Cambridge; after 
spending a few months there went to Wasliington 
and studied with William Wirt; completed his legal 
studies at an office in Salem, and commenced the 
practice of his profession in the town of Danvers in 
1824; in 1825 was elected a Representative to the 
Ma.ssachusetts Legislature; in 1827 was in the Senate 
of the same State ; took a prominent part in the de- 
bates, and won a high reputation by his energy and 
sagacity ; in 1832 was elected a member of Congress 
from the Essex District; declined a re-election in 
1834, and removed to Boston, to devote himself to his 
profession; here he took an eminent position at the 
bar, and soon came into an extensive practice; in 
1841, on the retirement of Jlr. Webster from the 
Senate, Mr. Choate was elected to till the vacancy; 
at the close of his term, gave himself up wholly to 
his profession; was a Regent of the Smithsonian In- 
stitution, but resigned the position ; was greatly dis- 
tinguished for his eloquence, but his style of speaking 
■was peculiar; his judgment in the management of 
cases was considered consummate; his puhlislicd 
orations and arguments are quite numerous, and all 
of a high order; from Yale College he received tlie 
degree of LL.D. Died at Halifax, Novia Scotia, 
while on his way to Europe for his healtli, .Tuly 12, 
1859. His life and ■writings were published by Dr. 
S. G. Brown, and another life by E. G. I'arker. 

Chrisman, James S.; was born in Kentucky; 
w;us a member of the Constitutional Convention of 
that State in 1849; a Representative in Congress from 



1853 to 1855; contested for the seat in Congress in 
1800 with William C. Anderson, but was rejected; 
was a member of the Executive Council of the State 
from 18(il to 18G5; was a member of the Confederate 
Congress during its existence. 

Christiancy, Isaac P.; was born in Johnstown, 
New York, in March, 1812; received an academic 
education, and while yet a boy su|)pi>rted his father's 
family by teatrhing school; bei/an tlic study of law, 
and in 183G removed to Monroe, Michigan, where he 
completed his legal course and practiced the profes- 
sion liom 1838 to 1857; from 1841 to 1846 was Prose- 
cuting Attorney for Monroe County; in 1848 attended 
the Fiee SoU Convention in Buffalo; in 1849 elected 
to the State Senate; in 1852 was the candidate for 
Governor of the Free Soil party, and wiis a prime 
mover in the political combinations of 1854; was a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia Convention of 1850; soon 
afterwards purchased Tlie Monroe Commercial and 
became its editor; was a csmdidate for the United 
States Senate in 1857; in the same year was elected 
a Judge of the Supreme Court of the State, and in 
1805 re-elected for eight years by the unanimous vote 
of all parties; served as an officer on th(!staffsof Gen- 
erals A. A. Humphreys and G. A. Custer during.the 
Rebellion; was elected a Senator in Congress from 
Michigan for the term ending in 1881 ; resigned in. 
January, 1879, to accept the appointment of United 
States Minister to Peru. 

Christie, Gabriel; was a Representative in 
Congress from Maryland from 1793 to 1797, and from 
1799 to 1801. 

Christy, John H.; was elected a Representative 
from Georgia to the Fortieth Congress. 

Chm-ch, Louis K.; was a lawyer by profession; 
in Oct(.iber, 1885, was appointed, by President Cleve- 
land, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of 
the Territory of Dakota; he resided at Huron, 
Dakota. 

Church, 'William E.; was born at Brooklyn, 
New York, December 7, 1841; received an academic 
and collegiate education, graduating from Williams 
College in 1861; enlisted in the Union Army in 1802; 
was promoted to the rank of Captain and Assistant 
Adjutant-General, with which rank he was mustered 
out of service in 1805; studied law; was iulmitted to 
the bar in 1860 and engaged in the practice of law in 
Ne^w York City; in 1872 removed to Morristown, 
New Jer.sey, and continued the practice of his pro- 
fession; in 1883 was appointed A.ssociate Justice ot 
the Supreme Court of Dakota Territory, residing at 
Deadwood. 

Chvirchill, John Charles ; was bom in Mooeis, 
Clinton County, New York, January 17, 1821; grad- 
uated at Mid'dlebury College, Vermont, in 1843; 
a<lopted the profession of the law; from 1857 to 1859 
was the District Attorney for Oswego County; was 
County Judge of the same county from 1800 to 1803; 
in 1800 wiis elected a Representative from New York 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on the Judiciary; re-elected to the Forty-first Con- 
gress; was made Chairman of Committee on Pulilic 
Buildings, and .served on the Committee on Elections. 

Churchill, Thomas J.; was Governor of Arkan- 
sas from 1881 to 1883. 

Church^well, William M.; was born in Tennes- 
see, w:us a Repr(^sentative in Congress Irom that State 
from 1852 to 1855. 

Cilley, Bradbury ; was a Representative ia 
Congress from New Hampshire from 1813 to 1817. 



94 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Cilley, Jonathan ; was bbrti in Notti- gham, 
Kew Hampsliiie, July 2, 1802; graduated at Bowdoiii 
College in 1825; adopted the profession of the law; 
was admitted to tlie bar in 1829; was at one time 
Speaker of the House of Representatives of Maine, of 
whieh he was a member from 1832 to 1837; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1832; a member of Congress 
from Maine from 1837 to the time of his death; was 
killed at the third fire in a duel fought with "William 
J. Graves, at Bladcusburg, Maryland, Felnuary 24, 
1838, with rifles, at eighty yards' distance. 

Cilley, Joseph ; was born in New Hampshire ; 
was a Senator in Congress from that State Horn 1846 
to 1847. 

Claflin, William ; was born at Milford, Massa- 
chusetts, March G, 1818; was educated at the public 
schools and at Brown University; engaged in the 
shoe and leather business; was a Representative in 
the Legislature from 1849 to 1852; a State Senator in 
1860 and 1861; the last year President of the Senate; 
was a member of the Reimblican National Executive 
Committee from 1864 to 1875; Chairman from 1868 
to 1872; was Lieutenant-Goxernor from 1866 to 1869; 
Governor from 1870 to 1872; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Massachusetts to the Forty-fifth Con- 
gi-ess; re-elected to the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Claggett, William H.; was born in Upper 
Marlborough, Maryland, September 21, 1838; studied 
and practiced law; removed to the Far AVest; was a 
member of the Legislature of Nevada in 1862, 1863, 
and 1865; was elected to the Forty-second Congi'ess 
from that State. 

Claggett, Clifton; was born in Rockingham 
County, New Hampshire; was Judge of Probate of 
Hillsborough County from 1823 to 1827; Judge of the 
Superior Court one or two years; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from that State from 18t)3 to 1805, 
and again from 1817 to 1821. Died in 1829, aged 
fifty-six years. 

Claiborne, John ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Vii-ginia from 1805 to 1808. Died dming 
the latter year. 

Claiborne, John F. H.; was a native of Natchez, 
Mississippi; educated and licensed as a lawyer in Vir- 
ginia; was a Representative in the Legislature of 
Mississippi during three sessions, and a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Mississippi from 1835 to 1838; 
afterwards conducted the Natchez Free Trader, and 
also the Louisiana Courier, leading journals of the 
South, and was editor of an agiicultural journal pub- 
lished in New Orleans; held the office of United 
States Timber Agent for the Districts of Louisiana 
Mississippi, to which he Wiis appointed by President 
Pierce. He wrote a historical work relating to the 
Southwest. , 

Claiborne, Nathaniel H.; was born in Sussex 
County, Virginia; served many years in the Legisla- 
ture of that State; was also a member of the Execu- 
tive Council; -was a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1825 to 18:!7. Died in Franklin 
County, Vii-ginia, August 15, 1859, aged eighty-three 
years. 

Claiborne, Thomas; was a Representative in 
Congress from Virginia from 1793 to 1799, and again 
irom 1801 to 1805. 

Claiborne, Thomas; was a Representative in 
Congress from Tennessee from 1817 to 1819. 

Claiborne, William C. C; studied law and set- 
tled in Tennessee, of which State he as.sisted in form- 
ing the Constitution, and afterwards represented it in 



Congress from 1797 to 1801 ; in 1801 was appointed 
Crovernor of the Mississippi Territory, and in 1804 of 
Louisiana; Was also chosen to that office by the peo- 
ple, after the adoption of its Constitution, from 1812 
to 1816; was then elected a Senator of the United 
States, but died, before he took his seat, at New Or- 
leans, November 23, 1817. 

Clapp, Almon M.; was born in Connecticut; re- 
moved to New York, and was for many years con- 
nected with the press of Buffalo, conducting for a 
XuneXhe Daily Exx)ress; was appointed Congressional 
Printer in 1868. 

Clapp, Asa W. H.; was born in Maine; was a 
Representative in Cougi-ess, from that State, from 
1847 to 1849. 

Clardy, Martin L.; was born in St. Genevieve 
County, Missouri, April 26, 1844; received a col- 
legiate education; adopted the profession of the la w ; 
was elected a Representative, from Missouri, to the 
Forty-sixth, Fortj'-seventh, and Forty-eighth Con- 
gresses; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congi'ess. 

Clark, Abraham ; was born near Elizabeth- 
town, New Jersey, February 15, 1726; was a self- 
made man, and because of his habit of giving legal 
advice gratuitously, was called the " Poor Man's 
Councilor; " was Sheriff and Clerk of theColonial As- 
sembly, one of the Delegates to the Continental Con- 
gi-ess, and a signer of the Declaration of Independ- 
ence; after the adoption of the Constitution, was a 
Representative in Congress, from New Jersey, from 
1791 to 1794, when he resigned. Died September 15, 
1794, of sunstroke. 

Clark, Alvah A.; was born at Lebanon, New 
Jersey, September 13, 1840; received an academic 
education; studied law, and was admitted to prac- 
tice in 1864; became a Councilor-at-law in 1867; 
was elected a Representative, from New Jersey, to 
the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses. 

Clark, Ambrose W.; was born near Coopers- 
town, Otsego County, New York, February 19, 1810; 
received a common school education ; was employed 
in a printing-office at Cooperstown until he became 
of age; published for five years the Olsego Eepnblican; 
established and published for eight years, in Lewis 
County, the Northern Journal; also published for six- 
teen years the Norlhern Ne^o York Journal, in Water- 
town, Jefferson County; in 1859 was elected a Rep- 
resentative, from New York, to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Printing; was 
re-elect«d to the Thirty-eighth Congress in 1862, and 
was Chairman of the Committee on Printing and a 
member of the Committee on Accounts; in 1865 was 
appointed, by President Lincoln, Consul at Valpa- 
raiso; in 1868, was appointed, by President John.son, 
Charge (V Affaires at Santiago during the absence of 
Minister Kilpatrick. 

Clark, Amos, Jr.; was bom in Westfield, New 
Jersey, November 8, 1827; received a practical edu- 
cation; was in business in New York City; was a 
banker in Elizabeth, and largely interested in real 
estate; was a member of the City Council in 1835 
and 1866; was elected a State Senator from 1866 
to 1869; was an Elector in 1872; was elected to the 
Forty-third Congress, serving on the Committee on 
the District of Columbia. 

Clark, Christopher; was a Representative in 
Congress, from Virginia, from 1804 to 1806. 

Clark, Daniel ; was born in Stratham, Rocking- 
ham County, New Hampshire, October 24, 1809; 



BIOGK Al'HICAL ANMALS. 



95 



graduated at Dartmouth College in 1834; studied 
law, and came to the bat; in 1837; was a member of 
the New Hampshire Legislatirre in the years 1812, 
1843, 184{i, 1854, and 1855; in 1857 was elected a 
Senator in Congress liom New Hampshire, and in 
1861 was re-elected for the term ending in 1867, serv- 
ing as Chairman of the Committees on Claims, the 
Judiciary, Indian Aflairs, and as a member of other 
important Committees; during the tirst session of 
the Thirty-eighth Congress was chosen President pro 
Urn. of the Senate; resigned the position at the close 
of the second session of the same Congress; in July, 
186(), resigned his seat in the Senate, and was ap- 
pointedj by President Johnson, Judge of the United 
States District Court for New Hampshire; was also 
a Delegate to the "Loyalists' Convention" held in 
Philadelphia in 1866. 

Clark, Ezra, Jr.; was born in Vermont; removed 
to Connecticut; was elected a Kepresentative to the 
Thirty-fourth Congress, and re-elected to the Thirty- 
lifth Congress, serving as a member of the Commit- 
tee on Elections. 

Clark, Franklin; was born in Maine; was a 
merchant by occupation; was a Representative in 
Congress Irom that State from 1847 to 1849; before 
entering Congress served in the State Legislature; 
■was a member of the Executive Council in 1855. 

Clark, Henry S.; was born in Beaufort County, 
North Carolina; studied law; -went into the State 
Legislature in 1834; was Solicitor lor the State in 
184-i; was a Representative in Congress from North 
Carolina from 1845 to 1847; was at one time acting 
Governor of the State. Died at Tarborough, North 
Carolina, April 14, 1874. 

Clark, Horace F.; was born in Southbury, 
New Ha\en County, Connecticut; graduated at Wil- 
liams College, Massachusetts; adopted the law as a 
profession; was elected a member of the Thirty-tilth 
Congress from New York, serving as a member of tlie 
Committee on the Judiciary; was re-elected to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as member of the 
Comriiittee on Indian Affiiirs; in 1868 the degree of 
LL. D. w:is conferred upon him by Williams College. 
Died in New York, Jime 19, 1873. 

Clark James ; was born in Bedford County, Vir- 
ginia, in 1779, near the celebrated Peaks of Otter; 
removed, with his father, to Clark County, Ken- 
tucky; received the principal part of his education 
> fi-om a private tutor; studied law in Virginia; re- 
tmned to Kentucky to practice in Winchester, in 
1797; was several times a member of the State Legis- 
lature; in 1810 was appointed Judge of the Court of 
Appeals; was a Representative in Congress from Ken- 
tucky ti-om 1813 to 1816; from 1817 to 18-24 was 
.ludge of the Circuit Court; again a member of Cou- 
■■ grcss from 1825 to 1831; in 1832 was State Senator 
ami chosen Speaker; was elected Governor in 1836. 
Died September 27, 1839. 

Clark, James W.; was born in Bertie County, 
North Carolina; graduated at i'rinceton College in 
1796; was, for several years, in the House of Com- 
mons; was a Presidential Elector in 1812; three 
years a member of the Slate Senate; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from North Carolina, from 
1815 to 1817; in 1828 was appointed Chief Clerk of 
tlie Navy Department. Dietl in January, 1844, in 
the si.xty-lifth year of his age. 

Clark, John B.; was born in Madison County, 
Kentucky, April 17, 1802; a lawyer by profession; 
removed to Missouri ; was appointed Clerk of Howard 
County Court in 1824, serving until 1834; in 1832 



commanded a Regiment of mounted Militia, during 
the Black Hawk War; was made Major-Geueral of 
MUitia in 1848; elected to the Legislature during the 
session of 1850 and 1851; was chosen by the State 
as commanding officer to expel the Mormons from 
Missouri; was a member of the Thirty-fifth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Territories; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Territories; re-elected to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress; took part in the Rebellion of 1861 
as a Colonel, having been expelled from the House in 
July, 1861. 

Clark, John B., Jr.; was born in Fayette, Jlis- 
souri, January 14, 1831; attended the (common 
schools; entered the Missouri University and re- 
mained there two years; studied law, and graduated 
in the Law Department of Harvard University; prac- 
ticed law li'om 1855 until the commencement of the 
war, when he entered the Confederate Army as a 
Lieutenant, and promoted successively to be Ca])tain, 
Major, Colonel, and Brigadier-General; after the war 
followed various pursuits; was a State and County 
Collector; was elected a Representative from Mis- 
souri to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses, 
serving in the former on the Committee on Public 
Expenditures; in December, 1875, was appointed 
Chairman of the Committee on Post Offices and Post 
Roads; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, 
and Forty-seventh Congresses; in December, 1883, 
was elected Clerk of the House of Representatives, 
and in 1885 was re-elected. 

Clark, Lincoln; was born in Massachusetts; 
adopted the profession of the law; was a Judge in 
Alabama for several years; on removing to Iowa was 
elected a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1851 to 1853. 

Clark, Lot; was born in New York; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1823 to 1825, when he 
was appointed Postmaster at Norwich, New York; 
was a member of the New York Assembly in 1846. 

Clark, M. S.; was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania, during the years 1820 and 1821. 

Clark, Robert; was born in Washington County, 
New Y'ork ; was a member of the Assembly of that 
State from 1812 to 1815; a Representative in Congress 
fiom New York from 1819 to 1821; a Delegate to the 
State Constitutional Convention held in the latter 
year; subsequently adopted the medical profession; 
settled in Monroe, Michigan Territory; was ap- 
pointed by President Monroe, Register of the Land 
Office for the Second Land District of that Territory. 

Clark, Rush; was born at Schellsbnrg, Bedford 
County, Pennsylvania, October 1, 1834; received a, 
collegiate education, graduating from Jefierson Col- 
lege, Pennsylvania, in 1853; studied law; removed to 
Iowa; was admitted to the bar at Iowa City in 1S53, 
and commenced practice there; was a Representative 
in the State Legislature Irom 1860 to 1864, .serving as 
Siieaker the la.st two years; was a member of the 
Governor's Stafl' in 1861 and 1862; a. member of the 
Board of Trustees of the Iowa State University from 
1862 to 1866; was again elected to the Slate Assembly 
in 1876; was elected a Representative from Iowa to 
the Forty-fifth Congress, and was re-elected to the 
Forty-sixth Congress. Died April 28, 1879. 

Clark, Samuel; was bom in New York; was a 
Representative in Congress from New York from 1833 
to 1835; on removing to Michigan, was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from that State from 1853 to 
1855. Died at Kalamazoo, October 2, 1870. 



96 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANXALS. 



Clark, ■William; was, for some time. State 
Treasurer of Pennsylvania; in 1828 was appointed 
Treasnrer of the United States, and held the office 
for one year; from 1833 to 1837 was a member of the 
House of Representatives in Congiess from Pennsyl- 
vania. Died in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, 
April 28, 1841. 

Clark, William; in 1800 was appointed, by 
President Adams, Chief Justice of the Territory of 
Indiana; was subsequently commissioned as the sec- 
ond Governor of the Territory of Missouri, exerting 
an important influence over his fellow-coimtrymen 
west of the Mlssissijipi. 

Clark, William T.; was horn in Norwalk, Con- 
necticut, June 29, 1834; was educated in Connecticut 
and New York City; taught school; read law in the 
city of New York ; removed to Iowa in 1855, and 
practiced law there until the commencement of the 
war; served in the Union Army in all grades up to 
Brevet Major-General, and commanded a division in 
Texas until mustered out in 1866, when he went into 
business at Galveston ; took an active part in recon- 
struction; was elected to the Forty-tirst Congiess, 
serving on several committees. 

Clarke, Archibald S.; was a member of tlie 
New York Senate for four years, beginning with 1813; 
was a Representative in Congress from New York 
from 1816 to 1817; held the several positions of Clerk, 
Surrogate, and Judge of Saratoga County. Died at 
Clarence, New York, December 4, 1821, aged fortj'- 
three years. 

Clarke, Bayard ; was born in New York City, 
March 17, 1815; was educated at Geneva College, 
and studied law; in 1836 was Allaelie and Secretary 
to General Cass's Embassy to France, and continued 
in that position four j-ears; then took a course of 
study at the Royal School of Cavalry, in France; 
afterwards served in the Second Regiment of Dra- 
goons through the Florida War; resigned in 1843, 
and settled at "Westchester, New York, which district 
he represented in the Tliirty -fourth Congress. 

Clarke, Beverly L. ; was born in Virginia; re- 
moved to Kentucky ; was a member of tlie State 
Legislature in 1841 and 1842; was a member of the 
State Constitutional Convention in 1849; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Kentucky from 1S47 to 
1849; in 1858 was appointed, by President Buchanan, 
Minister to Guatemala and Hondaras. Died there, 
March 7, 1860. 

Clarke, Charles E.; was bom in New York; in 
1839 and 1840 was a member of tlie New York As- 
sembly from Ji-tferson County; was a Representative 
in Congress from that State from 1849 to 1851. Died 
December 29, 1863, aged seventy-four years. 

Clarke, Daniel ; was a Delegate to Congress 
from the Territory of Orleans, or Louisiana, from 
1806 to 1809. 

Clarke, Freeman ; was born in Troy, New 
York, March 22, 1809; commenced active life as a 
merchant; in 1837 was elected Casliier of the Bank 
of Orleans at Albion; in 1845 removed to Rocliester, 
and was President of the Rochester Bank, and Treas- 
urer of the Monroe County Savings Bank, and, sub- 
sequently, President of the Monroe County Bank; 
also held the offices of Treasurer and Director of tlie 
Rochester, Lockport, and Niagara Falls Railroad 
Company; President and Treasurer of the Rochester 
and Genesee Valley Railroad Comp.any; Director of 
the Jlobile and Ohio Railroal Company; Treasurer 
and a Director of the House Telegraph Company, 



and a Director of the Western Union Telegraph 
Company; wiis one of the first Directors of the Fourth 
National Bank in New York City, and also a Trustee 
and subsequently Vice-President of the Union Trust 
Company, New York; was Vice-President of the 
Whig State Convention in 1850, and acted as Presi- 
dent; in 1852 was a Delegate to the AVhig National 
Convention; was Vice-President of the first Republi- 
can Convention in New York State, in 1854; in 1856 
was a Presidential Elector; in 1862 was elected a 
Representative from New York to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Manufac- 
tures and Invalid Pensions; in 1865 was appointed 
Comptroller of the Currency, by President Lincoln; 
in 1867 was elected to the New York State Constitu- 
tional Convention; in 1870 was elected a Represent- 
ative from New York to the Forty-second Congress, 
in which he served on the Committee on Appropria^ 
tions; in 1872 was re-elected to the Forty-thuxl Con- 
gress, and was a member of the Committee on For- 
eign Afl'airs. dLt^J^^-^ z. V/ /(r*^. 

Clarke, James ; was born in Westmoreland 
County, Pennsylvania; in 1836 removed to St. Louis; 
thence to Beloit, Wisconsin, where he was Territorial 
Printer; in 1837 went to Burlington, Iowa, and con- 
ducted the Territorial, now Stale Gazette, untU the 
winter of 1839, when he was appointed Secretary of 
the Territory; from 1843 to 1845 resumed the Gazette; 
was Governor of the Territory in 1846; again edited 
the Gazette from 1848 until his death, which occurred 
near Burlington, Iowa, July 28, 1850. 

Clarke, John; was born in 1766; at the age of 
sixteen was appointed Lieutenant, and then Captain 
of Militia; fought under his father. General Elijah 
Clarke, in the Revolutionary Army; at the siege of 
Augusta and at the battle of Jack's Creek, in 1787, 
greatly distinguished himself, and attained the rank 
of Major-General of the State ililitia; at a critical 
period in the War of 1812, was appointed, by the 
Governor, to command the forces destined to defend 
the sea-coast of Georgia; was Governor of Georgia 
from 1819 to 1823. Died in West Florida, October 
15, 1832. 

Clarke, John ; was Governor of Delaware in 
1816 and 1817. Died at Smyrna, Delaware, August, 
1821. 

Clarke, John B.; was born in Bracken County, 
Kentucky, April 14, 1833; was educated at Augusta, 
in that State; studied law; was admitted to the bar « 
in 1854, and engaged in the practice of his profession; 
was elected County Attorney in 1858, and served four 
years; was elected to the State Senate of Kentucky 
in 1867, and served four years; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Kentucky to the Forty-tburth Con- 
gress; re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Clarke, John C; was born in Connecticut; giad- 
uatcd at Williams College in 1811; served in the As- 
sembly of New York in 1826; was a Representative 
in Congress from that State from 1827 to 1829, and 
again from 1837 to 1843; in 1849 was appointed First 
Auditor of the Treasury, but only held the place a 
short time. Died in 1852, aged filty-nine years. 

Clarke, John H.; was born in Elizabethtown, 
New Jersey, in 1791 ; graduated at Brown University 
in 1809; adopted the profession of the law; served in 
the State Legislature; was a Senator in Congress 
from Rhode Island, from 1847 to 1853. 

Clarke, Matthevr St. Clair; was born in Penn- 
sylvania; removed to WRshington City at an early 
day ; was Clerk of the House of Represenfcitives from 
1822 to 1833; again elected to the same position in 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



97 



1841, and held the office two yeiirs; in 1843 was ap- 
pointed Sixth Auditor of the Treasury, and held that 
office two years; was tlie publisher of the great work 
called the "American Arcliives," edited by Peter 
Force, who was also directly Interested in its publi- 
cation; was quite famous as a politician. Died in 
Washington. 

Clarke, Reader "Wrigrht ; was born in Bethel, 
Clermont County, Ohio, May 18, 1812; obtained a 
good English education, and when fifteen years of 
age learned the trade of a printer; studied law, and 
came to the bar in 18.'5G; in 1840 and 1841 was 
elected to the Ohio Legislature; was a delegate, in 
1844, to the Baltimore Convention, and was a Presi- 
dential Elector at the ensuing election; in 1846 was 
appointed Clerk of the Supreme and Common Pleas 
Courts of Clermont County, which he held for si.x 
years; was a delegate to tlie "Chicago Convention " 
of 1860; in 1864 was elected a Representative from 
Ohio to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Revolutionary Pensions and on Print- 
ing; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' 
Convention" of 1866; was re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on the Post- 
Office and Expenditures in the State Department; in 
A]n-il, 1869, was appointed Third Auditor of the 
Treasury, and afterwards a Collector of Internal Rev- 
enue in Ohio. Died May 23, 1872. 

Clarke, Sidney ; was born in Southbridge, Mass- 
achusetts, October Ki, 18.'!1 ; received a common school 
education; adopted the profession of an editor, and 
published the Soui/iln-Uh/c Press; in 1858 emigrated to 
Kansas, and settled in Lawrence; was a member, in 
1862, of the State Legislature; subsequently ren- 
dered military service against the Rebellion as a 
Captain of Volunteers, and Assistant-Provost-Mar- 
shal-General for Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado, and 
Dakota, serving in the latter capacity until 1864, 
when he was elected a Represeutat^^; from Kansas 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on the Pacific Railroad, Indian Aftairs, and 
on the Death of President Lincoln, and also on the 
National Committee appointed to accompany the re- 
mains of President Lincoln to Illinois; was a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelpbia " Loyalists' Convention " of 
1866; was re-elected to tlie Fortieth and Forty-first 
Congresses, and made CUairnian of Indian Atiairs. 

Clarke, Staley N.; was a Representative in 
i|, Congress, from New York, from 1841 to 1843. 

Clarke, William; was born in Virginia, Au- 
gust 1, 1770; in 1734 removed to where Louisville, 
Kentucky, now stands, where his brother had built 
a fort; served in campaigns against the Indians; was 
Adjutant and Quartermaster in 1793; resigned in 
1796; appointed Lieuten.ant of Artillery in 1803, and 
joined with Meriwether Lewis in the Northwestern 
Exploring E.xpedition, which left St. Louis, March, 
1804, and retiu-ned in the fall of 1806; kept the jour- 
nal of the expedition, afterwards published; was 
then appointed Indian Agent, and afterwards Briga- 
dier-General of Upper Louisiana; in 1822 was ap- 
pointed Superintendent of Indian Aflairs, and made 
treaties with manj' tribes; four of his brothers were 
distinguished in the Revolution, one fell in the strug- 
gle, and anotlu^r was killed by the Indians on the 
Wabash; was Governor of Louisiana Territory from 
1813 to 1820. Died in St. Louis, September 1, 1838. 

Clarkson, Matthew; was a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress, from PennsylvauiiV, from 1785 

to n^n^ 

Claw^son, Isaiah D.; was born in Woodstown, 
New Jersey, March 30, 1822; graduated at Princeton 

7 



College in 1840; studied medicine in the University 
of I'enn.sylvania, taking his degree in 1843; was a 
member of the New Jersey Assembly in 1853; Wiis 
elected a Representative from that State to tlie Thir- 
ty-fourth Congress; re-elected to the Thirty-lifth Con- 
gress, serving as a member of the Committee on Rev- 
olutionary Claims. 

Clay, Brutus J.; was born in Madison County, 
Kentucky, July 1, 1808; was educated at Danville 
College, Kentucky, and settled in Bourbon County 
as a farmer in 1837; in 1840 served in the State Leg- 
islature; was subsequently elected Pre.sident of the 
Bourbon County Agricultural Society; in 1853 was 
elected President of the State Agricultural Society; 
was re-elected for four years, and then declined a re- 
election; was again elected to the Legislature in 
1860; was elected a Representative, from Keiiliuky, 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving as Cliairman 
of the Committee on Agriculture, and as a meiuber 
of that on Revolutionary Pensions; from his boyhood 
was devoted to agriculture, and especially to the 
raising of choice breeds of cattle. 

Clay, Cassius M.; was born in Madison County, 
Kentucky, October 19, 1810; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1832; practiced law; was a member of the 
Kentucky Legislature in 1835, 1837, and 1840, and 
of the National Whig Convention of 1840, at Harris- 
burg; the improved jury system and tlie common 
school system of Kentucky are principally due to his 
ettbrts in the Legislature; was opposed tt> the annex- 
ation of Texas; stumped the Nortliern States for 
Henry Clay for the Presidency in 1 844 ; J une 3, 1 845, 
issued, in Lexington, 7'he True Ameiiaan, a weekly 
anti-slavery paper; in August his press was seized by 
a mob, and the paper was afterwards printed in Cin- 
cinnati and published in Lexington, wliither he had 
removed in 1840, and later in Louisville; was Captain 
in the Mexican War, and made prisoner at Enearna- 
cion, January 23, 1847; aided in nominating Taylor 
for the Presidency in 1848; in 1849 called a Conven- 
tion of Emancipationists at Frankfort ; separated 
from the 'Wliig party in 1850, and was an anti-slavery 
candidate for Governor, receiving nearly five thou-, 
sand votes; in April, 1862, was appointed Major- 
General of Volunteers; resigned March, 1863; was 
appointed Minister to Russia in 1862; a volume of 
his speeches was edited by Horace Greeley in 1848. 

Clay, Clement C; was born in Halifax County, 
Virginia, December 17, 1789; graduated at the Uni- 
versity of East Tennessee; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1809; remov(^d to Huntsville, 
Alabama, in 1811, where he resided until his death; 
during the Creek War saw some service as a soldier; 
practiced his profession until 1817, when he was 
elected a member of the Territorial Council of Ala- 
bama; in 1819 was elected one of the Judges of the 
Circuit Court; in 1820 was chosen Chief Justice of 
that Court, and resigned in 1823; in 1828 Wius elected 
to the State LegislaliLre, and was made Speaker; was 
a Representative in Congress from Alabama from 
1827 to 1835; in 1835 was elected Governor of .Ala- 
bama, serving two years; in 1837 was elected a Sena- 
tor in Congress for the term ending in 1842. Died 
in Huntsville, Alabama, September 9, 1866. • 

Clay, Clement C, Jr.; was bom in Madi.son, 
Alabama, about the year 1819; graduated at the 
University of Alabama, and spent two years at the 
University of Virginia; studied law, and commenced 
the practice at Huntsville, Alabama, in 1840; served 
in the Legislature of Alabama in 1842, 1844, and 
1845; was elected by the Legislature, in 1846, Judge 
of the Madison County Court, serving two years, 
when he resigned; in 1852 was a Presidential Elector; 



\ 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



in 1853 was elected a Senator in Congress from Ala- 
bama; in 1859 was re-elected for the term of six 
years, receiving every vote in the Legislature; was 
expelled from tlie Senate March 14, 1861, and took 
part in the Kebellion of that year; was subsequently 
confined in Fortress Jlonroe as a prisoner of state, 
but finally released by President Johnson on parole. 

Clay, Henry; was born in Hanover County, Vir- 
ginia, April 12, 1777; received a common .school 
education; became, at an early age, a copyist in the 
office of the Clerk of the Court of Chancery, at Rich- 
mond; at the age of nineteen commenced the study 
of law; shortly afterwards remo\'cd to Lexington, 
Kentucky, where he was admitted to the bar in 1799, 
and soonobtained extensive practice; began his politi- 
cal career by taking an active part in tlie election of 
Delegates to frame a new Constitution for the State 
of Kentucky ; in 1803 was elected to the Legislature; in 
1806 was appointed to the U'litcd States Senate for the 
remainder of the term of General Adair, who had re- 
signed; in 1807 was again elected a member of the 
General Assembly of Kentucky, and was chosen 
Speaker; in the following year fought a duel with 
Humphrey Marshall ; in 1809 was elected to the 
United States Senate for the unexpired term of 
Mr. Thurston, resigned; in 1811 was elected a mem- 
ber of the House of Representatives ; was chosen 
Speaker on the first day of his appearance in 
that body, and was five times re-elected to this 
oflice ; during this session his eloquence aroused 
the country to resist the aggressions of Great 
Britain, and awakened a national spirit; in 1814 was 
appointed one of the Commissioners to negotiate a 
treaty of peace at Ghent; retru'uing from this mission, 
was re-elected to Congress, and in 1818 spoke in favor 
of recognizing the independence of the South Ameri- 
can Republics; in the same year put forth his strength 
m behalf of a national s\steni ol' internal improve- 
ments; a monunu-nt of stone, inscribed with his name, 
was erected on the Cumberland Road, to commem- 
orate his services in behalf of that improvement; 
in the session of ]819-''20 he exerted himself for the 
estal)lishment c*' protection to American indu.stry, 
.iind this was followed by services in adjusting the 
Missouri Compromise; after the settlement of these 
questions he withdrew from Congress, in order to at- 
tend to his private afitairs; in 1833 returned to Con- 
gress, and was re-elected Speaker; and at this session 
exerted himself in support of the independence of 
Greece; under John Quincy Adams filled the office of 
Secretary of State; the attack upon Jlr. Adams' ad- 
ministration, and especially upon the Secretary of 
State, by John Randolph, led to a liostile meeting 
between him and Mr. Clay, which terminated with- 
out l)loodshed; in 1829 returned to Kentucky, and in 
1831 was elected to the United States Senate, where 
he commenced his labors in favor of the tariff; in the 
same montli of his re-appearance in the Senate was 
unanimously nominated for President of the United 
States; in 1836 was re-elected to the Senate, where 
he remained until 1842, when he resigned and took 
his final leave, as he supposed, of that body; in 1839 
was again nominated for the Presidency, but General 
Harrison was elected; also received the nomination in 
1 1844 for President, and was defeated in thLs election 
by Mr. Polk; remained in retirement in Kentucky, 
until 1849, when he was again elected to the Senate 
of the United .States for the term ending in 1855; 
here he devoted all bis energies to the measures 
Iknown as the Compromise Acts; his eflbrts diuing 
ithis session impaired his strength, and he went, for 
Ills health, to Havana and New Orleans, but with no 
permanent advantage; returned to Washington, but 
•was unable to participate in the active duties of the 
Senate, and resigned his seat, to take eflect ujion the 



6th of September, 18.52. Died in Washington City. 
June 29, 1852. He was interested in the success of 
the Colonization .Society, and was for a long time one 
of its most efficient ofiicers, and also its President; 
his "Life and Letters," and aUo his ".Speeches," 
were published in several volumes by the late Calvin 
Colton. 

Clay, James B.; was born in Washington City. 
November 9, 1817; received a classical education at 
Transylvania University, in Kentucky, and at the 
age of fifteen went to Boston, where he spent two 
years in a counting-bouse; from Boston emigrated to 
St. Louis, Missouri, then a city of only eight thou- 
sand people, and settled upon a larm ; when twenty- 
one years of age returned to Kentucky ; after spend- 
ing two years in the manufacturing business, gradu- 
ated at the Law School of Lexington, and practiced 
law as the partner of his father, the Honorable Henry 
Clay, until 1849; during that year President Taylor 
appointed him Clinn/e d' Affaires to hhbon; having re- 
turned home by order of the Government, was men- 
tioned bj- name in President Fillmore's Jlessage of 
1850; in 1851 again took irp bis residence in Missouri; 
returned to Kentucky in 1853, when he became the 
proprietor of Ashland; was ejected to Congress in 
1857, serving one term on the Committee on Foreign 
Afl'airs; was a member of the Peace Convention of 
1861, held in Washington; was identified with the 
Rebellion of 1861. Died in Montreal, Januarv 26, 
1864. 

Clay, James P.; was born at Henderson, Ken- 
tucky, October 29, 1840; received a classical educa- 
tion, graduating from Cieorgetown College, Kentucky, 
in 1860; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 
1861, and engaged in practice at Henderson; w-as a 
State Senator from 1872 to 1875; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Kentucky to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress. 

Clay, John feandolph ; was born in Philadel- 
phia, Pennsylvania, in 1808; spent his youth with 
his god-father, John Randolph, in Virginia; in 1830 
went to Russia as Secretary of Legation; in 1836 
was appointed Charr/e d'ylffaires to the same country; 
in 1838 was made Secretary of Legation to Austria; 
in 1845 went back to Russia in the same capacity; in 
1847 was appointed Charr/e d' Affaires to Peru, and in 
1853 raised to the rank of Minister Plenipotentiary 
to the same country, remaining there untU 1860, 
when be returned to the United States; lie was the 
son of Joseph Claj^. 

Clay, Joseph ; was a member of the Revolution- 
.ary Committee of 1774 and 1775; was a Delegate from 
Georgia to the Continental Congress from 177S to 1780, 
when he resigned ; was .1 udge of the Disti-ict Court of 
Georgia from 1796 to 1801; was Paymaster-General 
of the .Southern Department during the Revolution. 
Died at Savannah, Georgia, January, 1805. His sou, 
bearing the same name, was a prominent Judge and 
Baptist preacher. Another son, John Randolph, was 
distinguished as a diplomat. 

Clay, Matthe^w; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1797 to 1813. Died in 1813. 

Clay, Thomas H.; was born in 1803, in Ken- 
tucky, and .son of Henry Clay; in 1862 was appointed 
Minister Resident to Nicaragua, where he remained 
until 1866; during the same period was accredited as 
Minister to Honduras. Died in Lexington. Ken- 
tucky, March 18, 1871. 

Clayton, Alexander M:; -was an early emigrant 
to Arkansas when it was a Territory; in 1835 was 
appointed one of the United States Judges for that 
district. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANXALS. 



!)9 



Clayton, Augustin S.; was born in Frederielcs- 
burg, Virginia, Xovomber 27, 1783; was educated at 
the University ot'Cieorgia; read law, and practiced it 
with eminent success; served in the State Legisla- 
ture; was appointed Judge of the Superior Court; 
was a Presidential Elector in 1829; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from Georgia from 1831 to 183.5; 
was for many years skeptical on the subject of the 
Christian religion, but at the time of his death was a 
sincere believer, and a member of the Methodist 
Episcopal Church; he acquired some distinction as 
a politician, and the political pamphlet called 
*■ " Crockett's Life of Van Buren," i:? said to have been 
the production of his pen. Died at Athens, Georgia, 
June 21, 1839. 

Clayton, Charles ; was born in England in 1825; 
was well educated: went to Wisconsin in 1842; 
crossed the Rocky Jlountains to Oregon in 1847; ar- 
rived in San Francisco in 1848; was Alcade in Santa 
Clara in 1849; built the flour mills there in 1852; re- 
moved to San Francisco in 1853, and engaged in the 
grain and flour business; was a member of the State 
Legislature in 1863, 1864, 1865, and 1866; a member 
of the Board of SuperWsors of San Francisco from 
1864 to 1869; in 1870 was appointed Surveyor of 
Customs of the port and district of San Francisco; 
was elected to the Forty-third Congress, ser\ing on 
the Committees on Commerce and the Centennial 
Celebration. 

Clayton, John M.; was born in Sussex County, 
Delaware, July 24, 1796; graduated at Yale College 
in 1815; was bred to the bar, having studied law in 
the oflice of Jolm Clayton, and for a time in the I,aw 
School at Litchfield, Connecticut; commenced pi-ac- 
tice in 1818, and soon attained eminence in his pro- 
fession; in 1824 was elected to the State Legislature, 
and subsequently Secretary of State of Delaware; in 
1829 was chosen a Senator in Congress; was re-elected 
in 1835; resigned in December, 1836; in .Tanuary, 
1837, was appointed Chief .Justice of Delaware, 
which office he resigned in 1839; was again elected to 
the Federal Senate in 1845, and was a Senator until 
1849, when he became Secretary of State under 
President Ta3lor, which position he occupied until 
the death of T.aylor, in July, 18.30; during this 
period negotiated the famous Clayton-Bulwer Treaty; 
was for the third time elected to the Senate; took his 
seat March, 1851; died a Senator, November 9, 1856. 
During his last term in the Senate, he \indicated, 
with marked ability, the principles of the treaty 
which h(! in.augurated. At the bar he was a learned 
lawyer and eloquent advocate, and during his whole 
public career acquitted himself uprightly, with 
V dignity, and with recognized ability. 

Clayton, Joshua; was a native of Delaware; 
practiced medicine (or many years; during the scarcity 
(iC Peruvian bark during the Revolutionary War, suc- 
■cssfully substituted for it in his practice a mixture 
ol' poplar and the root of the dogwood, in iu;arly 
ei|ual ])arts, and half the quantity of the interior of 
the white oak; was President of Delaware from 1789 to 
1793; Governor from 1793 to 1796; w.aschosen Senator 
of the United States in 1798. Died in Delaware, 
in August of that year. 

Clayton, Philip; was born in Georgia; received 
a libera! education; went to Washington in 1849, 
under tlie patronage of Howell Cobb, and was made 
Second Auditor of the Treasury Department, where 
he remained until 18.57, when he received the ap- 
pointment of Assistant Secretai-y of the Treasury, 
remaining in that olfice until 1861, when he retired to 
take part in the Rebellion. 



Clayton, Po'well ; was born in Delaware County, 
Pennsylvania. August 7, 1833; received his education 
at Partridge's Military Academy, Bristol, Pennsjd- 
vania; .studied civil engineering at Wilmington, Dela- 
ware, and followed it as a profession; entered the 
Union Army in Kansas, May 29, 18(>1, as Captain of 
the First Kansas Infantry; w;is ajjpointed Ijieuten- 
ant-Colonel of Cavalry in 1862; was appointed Colonel 
of the same in 1862; commissioned Brigadier-General 
in 1 864 ; settled in Ark.ansas at the close of the war as 
a planter; was elected Governor in 1868; United 
States Senator in 1871, for the term ending in 1877, 
serving on the Committees on Territories, I^ngrossed 
Bills, Levees, Political Disabilities, and Military 
Afl'airs. 

Clayton, Thomas; was born in 1778; was a 
Representative in Congress from Delaware from 1813 
to 1817; United States Senator from 1823 to 1826, and 
again from 1837 to 1847; wa.s, at different periods, a 
member of the Delaware Legislature, Chief Justice 
of the Court of Common Pleas, and of the Superior 
Court. Died in New Civstle, Delaware, August 21, 
1854, aged seventy- -six years. 

Cleaveland, J. F.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Georgia from 18:!6 to 1839; subsequently 
removed to Chaileston, where he became a merchant. 
Died May 19, 1841, 

Clemens, Jeremiah ; was born in Huutsville, 
Alabama, December 28, 1814; was educated at La 
Grange College and the University of Alabama; 
studied law at the University of Transylvania, in 
Kentucky; was admitted to the bar in 1834; in 1838 
was appointed United States Attorney for the North- 
ern District of Alabama; in 1839, 1840, and 1841, was 
elected to the State Legislatiu'e ; in 1842 raised a com- 
pany of Volunteer troops and went to Texas, having 
been appointed Lieutenant-Colonel; was subsequently 
appointed to the same office in the Regular Army; in 

1843 .and 1844 was again elected to the Legislature ; in 

1844 was a Presidential Elector; in 1848 was ap- 
pointed GovernoroftheCivil and Military Departmc nt 
of Purchase in Mexico, which position he held until 
the close of the war; was a Senator in Congress from 
Alabama from 1849 to 1853; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1856; as an author Mr. Clemens published 
two novels, entitled " Bernard Lile " and "Mustang 
Gray," the first in 18.53 and the last in 1857; was 
subsequently an editor. Died in Huntsville, May 21, 
1865, 

Clemens, Sheirard ; was born at Mlieeling, Vir- 
ginia, April 28, 1826; gi'aduated at Washington Col- 
lege, Pennsylvania; was a la wyer by profession ; dur- 
ing political campaigns held several conlidential posi- 
tions in his native State; was elected a member of 
Congress from December, 18.52, to Slarch, 1853; was 
elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, Serving on the 
Committees on Manufactures and Ivevolulioiuiry Pen- 
sions; in 1856 was chosen a Presidential Elector: in 
1859 was wountled in a duel fought with Mr. Wise, 
and was prevented from attending the second session 
of the Thirly-lifth Congi-ess; was re-elected to tlie 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Connnittee on 
Commerce; took part in the Rebellion. 

Clements, Andrew J.; was born in Jackson 
County, Ten7iessee, in 1832; received a common school 
ediu-ation; .studied medicine, and graduated at the 
L'niversity of Tennessee in 1858, after which he prac- 
ticed liis profession; m 1861 was elected a Represent- 
ative from Tennessee in the Thirty -seventh Congress; 
in 1866 was elected to the Legislature of Tennessee. 

Clements, Isaac; was l)orn in Franklin Comity, 
Indiana, in 1837; giaduated at the Grecncastle Col- 



100 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS 



lege in 1859, paying his own way by teaching; stud- 
ied law; removed to Illinois, and taught school; en- 
tered the Union Army, as Second Lientenaut of In- 
fantry, in 1861, and romiiined in the service three 
years, during which he was wounded three times and 
was twice promoted "for meritorious services;" was 
appointed Register in Bankruptcy in June, 18S7; was 
elected to the Forty-third Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Patents. 

Clements, Judson C; was born in Walker 
Count}', Georgia, February 13, 184G; received a com- 
mon school education; studied law at Cumberland 
University, Tennessee; was admitted to the bar in 
18(>9, and commenced practice at La Fayette, Georgia; 
was elected a Representative in the State Legislatui'e, 
in 1872, for the term of two j'ears, and was re-elected 
in 1874; was elected a State Senator in 1877; was 
elected a Rei)re.sentative from Georgia to the Forty- 
seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses; was re-elected 
to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Clements, Ne'wton N.; was born in Tuskaloosa 
County, Alabama, December 23, 1837; received a 
classical education at the University of .'. bama and 
Harvard University, JIassachusetts ; studied law, but 
never practiced; entered the Confederate Army, in 
1861, as a Captain, and rose to the rank of Colonel; 
was a planter and manufacturer; Avas President of 
the Tuskaloosa Manufacturing C'ompany; was a Rep- 
resentative in the Legislature of Alabama in 1870, 
1871, 1872, 1874, 1875, 1876, 1877, and 1878; the last 
three years Speaker of the House of Representatives; 
was elected a Representative from Alabama to the 
Forty-sixth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by 
the death of Burwell B. Lewis. 

Clemson, Thomas G-.; was born in Pennsylva- 
nia; received a superior education, and devoted him- 
self to the study of chemistry; was Cliart/e d' Affaires 
to Belgium from 1844 to 1851; subsequently resided 
in Maryland near Washington; having married the 
daughter of John C. Calhoun, became a resident of 
South Carolina. 

Clendenen, David ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Ohio from 1814 to 1815. in place of 
R. Beall, resigned, and again li-om 1815 to 1817. 

Cleveland, Chauncey P.; was born in Hamp- 
ton, CVmnecticut. in 17!)9; was educated in the com- 
mon sciiools of that vicinity; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1819; was in the Connecticut 
Legislature in 1826, 1827, 1828, 1829, 1832, 1835, 
1836, 1838, 1847, and 1848, and was twice elected to 
Speaker; was appointed Attorney for the State in 
1832; was Governor of Connecticut in 1842 and 1843: 
received from Yale College the degree of LL.D. ; was 
a Representative in Congress from 1849 to 1853; a 
member of the Peace Congress of 1861 ; Presidential 
Elector in 1860. 

Cleveland, Grover ; was born at Caldwell, New 
Jersey, March 18, 1837; received a common school 
and academic education; was a clerk in New York 
City one year; in 1855 went to Buffalo, New York, 
and became a clerk in the employ of an uncle; stud- 
ied law; was admitted to the bar in 1859, and en- 
gaged in the practice of law at Buffalo; w.as Assistant 
District Attorney, by appointment, from 1863 to 
1866; in 1870 was elected Sheriff; in 1881 was elected 
Mayor of Buffalo; in 1882 was elected Governor of 
New York tor the term of three years from January, 
1883; in November, 1884, was elected President of 
the United States, assuming the duties of his office 
March 4, 1885. 



Cleveland, Orestes ; was born in Duanesburg, 
Schenectady County, New York, March 2. 1829; re- 
ceived a common school education; settled in New 
York City as a merchant, and subsequently in Jer- 
sey City as a manufacturer; was in the City Councils 
in 1861 and 1862; President of the Board'of Alder- 
men one year; was Mayoi; of the city in 1864, 1865, 
and 1866; rendered the Union cause some financial 
help in 1864, on his individual guarantee; was elect- 
ed a Representative, from New Jersey, to the Forty- 
first Congress, serving on the Committees on Terri- 
tories and Manufactures. 

Clever, Charles P.; was born in Cologne, Prov- 
ince of Russia, Germany, February 23, 1830; was 
educated at the Gymnasium of Cologne and Univer- 
sity of Bonn; adopted the profession of the law; re- 
moved to New Mexico and practiced there with suc- 
cess; filled the otfices in that Territory of United 
States Marshal, Attorney-General, Adjutant^Geueral, 
as well as several others; was elected a Delegate from 
New Mexico to the Fortieth Congress; in 1868 pub- 
lished a small work on the Resources of New Mexico; 
his seat was successfully contested by J. F. Cliavez, 
who was admitted during the last month of the For- 
tieth Congress. 

Clifford, John Henry ; w.as born in Pro\-idence, 
Rhode Island, .January 16, 1809; graduated at Brown 
Uni\'ersity in 1827; was a lawyer in New Bedlord; 
was a member of the Legislature in 1835; Attorney- 
General of Massachusetts li-om 1849 to 1853, and 
from 1854 to 1858; G^jvernor of the State in 1853 aoi 
-18.54; President of the State Senate in 1862. Died at 
New Bedford, Massachusetts, January 2, 1876. 

Clifford, Nathan ; was born in Rumney, Graf- 
ton County, New Hampshire, August 18, 1803; fitted 
himself for college at the Haxerhill Academy, and 
completed his education .at the Hampton Literar;,' In- 
stitution; studied law, and, after being admitte>l to 
the bar, removed to Maine in 1827; was electeil to 
the Legislature, from York County, in 1830, and re- 
elected for three years, during the last two occupying 
the post of Speaker; in 1834 was appointed Attorney- 
General for the State of JIainc, which office he held 
four years; was a Representative in Congress from 
1839 to 1843; in 1846 was appointed, l)y President 
Polk, Attorney-General of the United States, which 
ofSce he held until March, 1847, when he was ap- 
pointed Commissioner to Mexico; when peace was 
declared between this country and Mexico was ap- 
pointed MinLster to that Republic; on his return to 
the United States settled in Portland, devoting him- 
self to his profession; in 1858 was appointed, by 
President Buchanan, an Associate Justice of the 
Supreme Court of the United States. 

Olift, Joseph "W.; was born in Marshfield, Mass- 
achusetts, September 1, 1836; was educated at Phil- 
lips' Academy at Andover, where he pai-tially lost 
his sight; was engaged in the business of building 
from 1854 to 1857; removed to Georgia in 1857; stud- 
ied medicine at Atlanta; graduated at the Harvard 
Medical School in 1862; served in the army as a sur- 
geon, and saw much service; in 1865 settled at Sa- 
vannah, and practiced his profession; in 1867, was 
appointed Register of that city; was elected in 1868 
a Representative, from Georgia, to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Revolutionary 
Pensions. 

Clinch, Duncan L.; was a General in the United 
States Army; from 1843 to 1845 was a Represeuta^ 
five in Congress from Georgia; he was a brave soldier 
and noble-hearted man. Died at Macon, Georgia, 
October 28, 1849. 



.if§^ 




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■^..^^.. 



^^U.4,^ 



1! I () (_. i; A 1> H I C A I. A N N A L S . 



101 



Clingan, 'Williain ; was a Delegate, from Penn- 
sybauia, to the Continental Con}j;ress, from 1777 to 
1779, and was a signer of the Articles of Confedera- 
tion. 

Clingman, Thomas L.; waslmrn in Hnntsville, 
Suny Countj', North Carolina; grailnated at Chapel 
Hill University; studied law, but just as he was 
about to enter upon the practice was elected to the 
House of Commons of the State; on his retirement 
from the Legislature, in 1836, rouioved to Ashville, 
iu Buncombe County; was soon after elected to a 
seat in the State Senate of North Carolina; in 1813 
■was elected to Congress, and, with the exception of 
one term, was a member of the House of Representa- 
tives until the Thirty-fifth Congress, when he was 
appointed Chairman of the Committee on Foreign 
Att'airs; on the resignation of A. Biggs, wasappointed 
a Senator in Congress, and in November, 1858, his 
appointment was confirmed by the Legislature; made 
ContributioDS to the science of geology and mineral- 
ogy, and brought to light many facts connected with 
the mountains of North Carolina, one of the highest 
peaks of which it was his fortune to explore and 
measure, and which now bears his name; took part 
in the Rebellion of 1861 as a Colonel, having been 
expelled from the Senate in July, 1861, to which he 
had been re-elected for the term commencing in 
March. 1861; was a Delegate to the New York Con- 
vention of 1868. 

Clinton, De Witt ; -was born at Little Britain, 
in Orange County, New York, March 2, 1769; 
graduated at Coluuibia College, with the highest 
honors, in 1786; studied law, but did not engage 
much in its practice; was elected to the Senate of 
New York in 1799; in July, 1802, fought a duel with 
Mr. Swartwout, arising from a political controversy 
concerning Mr. Burr; was a Senator of the United 
States from 1802 to 1803; was chosen Mayor of New 
York in 1803, holding this office until 1815, except- 
ing the years 1807 and 1810; while Mayor, wa.s also 
for several yeai-s aState Senator, and the Lieutenant- 
Governor; under his auspices, the Historical Society 
of New York, of which he was at one time President, 
and the Academy of Fine Arts were incorporated, the 
New York City Hall was founded, the Orphan As- 
lum established, and the city fortified; took a great 
interest, as early as 1817, in, and did more than any 
other man in behalf of the Erie Canal, and that gieat 
work was finished during his administration as Gov- 
ernor, in 1825; in 1812 consented to become the can- 
didate of the Peace party for the Presidency of the 
United States; iu 1823 and 1824 was President of the 
Board of Canal Commissioners, and during the latter 
year was elected Governor of the State, and in 1826 
was re-elected to the same office; afterwards declined 
the embassy to England, offered to him by President 
Adams. Died at Albany, February 11, 1828. 

Clinton, George ; was bom in Ulster County, 
New York, July 26, 1739; commenced life by sailing 
as a privateer; served as a Lieutenant in the expedi- 
tion against Fort Front enac; afterwards studied law; 
was a member of the Colonial Assembly, and aLso of 
the Provincial Congress in 1775; w'as appointed a 
Brigadier-General in 1777; was Governor of New 
York for eighteen years; from 1795 to 1800 lived in 
retirement; was again chosen Governor in 1804; was 
elected Vice-President of the United States during 
the year 1804, and retained the office until his death, 
consequently officiating as President of the Senate a 
period of eight yeai-s. Died at Washington, District 
of Columbia, April 20, 1812. 

Clinton, George, Jr.; was born in New York; 
was a member of the New York .Vssembly in 1801 



and 1802; was Representative iu Congress from that 
State from 1804 to 1809. 

Clinton, James G.; was born in New York; was 
a Representative in Congre.ss from New York from 
1841 to 1845. 

Clinton, Thomas; was a native of Kentucky; 
w;is a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1827 to 1831, a;ul for a second term from 1833 
to 1835. 

Clopton, David ; was born in Georgia in 1820; 
was elected a Representative from Alabama to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Public Expenditures; resigned in Feb- 
ruary, 1861, to take part in the Rebellion of that 
year. 

Clopton, John; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia, from 1795 to 1799, and again 
from 1801 to 1816. Died September 11, 1816. 

Clowney, 'William K.; was born in South Car- 
olina; graduated at the South Carolina College in 
1828; adopted the profession of the law; was Com- 
missioner in Equity of South Carolina; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from that State liom 1833 to 
1835, and again liom 1837 to 1839. 

Clymer, George ; was born in Philad<l])hia in 
1739; was a patriot of the Revolution; engaged in 
mercantile pursuits, and early espoused the cause of 
his country; in 1773 resolutely opposed the sale of 
tea sent out by the British Government, and not a 
pound was sold in Philadelphia; in 1775 was one of 
the first Continental Treasurers; in 1776 was a mem- 
ber of Congress, and signed the Declaration of Inde- 
pendence; in 1774 his furniture was destroyed by the 
enemy; in 1780 co-operated with Robert Morris in 
the establishment of a bank for the relief of the 
country; was a member of the old Congress iu 1780, 
and a Representative, under the Constitution, from 
1789 to 1791, from Pennsylvani;i: was also a member 
of the Convention which formed the Federal Consti- 
tution, and signed that instrument; in 1791 was 
placed at the head of the Excise Department in Penn- 
sylvania; in 1796 was sent to Georgia to negotiate a 
treaty vrith the Creek and Cherokee Indians; w;us af- 
terwards President of the Philadelphia Bank and of 
the Academy of Fine Arts. Died at Slorrisville, 
Bucks County, January 2S, 1813. 

Clymer, Hiester; was born in Berks County, 
Pennsylvania, November 3, 1827; graduat(^d at 
Princeton College, New Jersey, in 1847; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1849; pursued hia 
profession in that county until 1851; removed to 
Pottsville, and there practiced until 185(i, when he 
settled in Reading; in 1860 represented Berks Coun- 
ty in the Board of Revenue Commissioners of the 
State; in the same year attended the National Demo- 
cratic Convention in Charleston and Baltimore: was 
a member of the State Senate of Pennsylvania froii: 
October, 1800, until lie resigned, when nomiiuitetl, 
in 1866, a candidate for Governor of Pennsylvania; 
in 1863 again represented his District in the Demo- 
cratic Convention which met at New York; iu 1S7() 
was appointed a member of the State Board of Pulj- 
lic Charities; was elected to the Forty-third and 
Forty-fonrth Congresses, serving on the Committee 
on Public Lands; in December, 1875, was appointed 
Chairman of the Committees on Library and on Ex- 
penditures in the War Department; re-elected to the 
Fortv-tifth and Forty-sixth Congresses. Died June 
12, 1884. 

Cobb, Amasa ; was born in Crawford County, 
Illinois, September 27, 1823; received a common 



102 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



school edutatiou; emigrated to Wisconsin Territory 
iu 184'J; sjient five years in tlie lead-mining business; 
served in the Mexican War as a private soldier; read 
law, and at the end of the war began its iiractice; in 
1850 was elected a District Attorney, and served lour 
years; in 1854 was elected to the State Senate, and 
served two years; in 1855 was appointed Adjutant- 
General of the State, and again in 1857; was elected 
to the State Legislature in 1860; re-elected in 1861, 
and chosen Speaker; in 1861 and 1862 served in the 
Volunteer service as Colonel of the Fifth "Wisconsin 
Kegiment; was elected a Eepresentative from AVis- 
consin to the Thirty -eighth Congress, and was a 
memberof the Committee on the Militia, andChaii'man 
of tlie Joint Committee on Enrolled bills; dui-ing tlie 
recess of Congi-ess was again commissioned a Colonel, 
and raised the Forty-third Regiment of "Wisconsin 
Volunteers, which he commanded until July, 1865, 
when he was mustered out; was brevettcd for gal- 
lant services at Williamsburg, Gohlen's Farm, and 
Antietam; re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Enrolled Bills, District 
of Columbia, and Mines and Mining; re-elected to 
the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses, serving on 
the Committees on Claims, Public Buildings and 
Grounds, and Military Afl'airs. 

Cobb, Clinton L.; was born in Elizabeth City, 
North Carolina, August 25, 1842; attended school; 
and then went into a counting-room; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1867; was a candi- 
date for Congress in 1868, but withdrew in favor of 
J. R. French; was elected to the Forty-iirst, Forty- 
second, and Forty-third Congresses, serving on the 
Committees on Revolutionary Pensions, War Claims, 
and Chairman of Freedmen's Affairs. 

Cobb, David ; was born in Attleborough. Massa- 
chusetts, September 14, 1748; graduated at Harvard 
College in 1776, and adopted the medical profession; 
served in the Revolution in 1777, as Lieutenant- 
Colonel; served as an Aid to General Washington 
with the rank of Colonel; was promoted to the rank 
of Brevet Brigadier-Cieneral; alter the war was made 
Judge of a County Court; was elected to the Legis- 
lature, and served as Speaker from 1789 to 1793; v\'as 
a Representative in Congress fi'om Massachusetts 
from 1793 to 1795; was President of the State Senate 
from 1801 to 1805; Lieutenant-Governor of the State 
in 1809; a State Councilor iu 1808, and from 1812 to 
1818; was subsequently appointed JIajor-General of 
the State Militia. Died April 17, 1830. 

Cobb, George T.; was born in New Jersey; was 
elected a Representative from that .State to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Committee on In- 
valid Pensions. 

Cobb, Ho'well ; the uncle of Secretary Cobb, and 
for whom the latter was named; was born in Gran- 
ville, North Carolina; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Georgia from 1807 to 1812; duringthe last 
war with England served with credit as a Captain in 
the army, and after peace was declared settled upon 
a plantation, and devoted his whole attention to ag- 
riculture. Died about the year 1820. 

Cobb, Ho'well; was born at Cherry Hill, in Jef- 
ferson County, Georgia, September 7, 1815; when a 
child, his father removed to .\thens, Georgia, where 
he subsequently resided; graduated at Franklin Col- 
lege in 1834; studied law, and was admitted to the 
bar in 1836; was a Presidential Elector in that year; 
in 1837 received the appointment of Solicitor-General 
of the Western Circuit, which otfice he held four years; 
was elected a Representative in Congress in 1842; re- 
ele(ted in 1844, 1846, and 1848, and'during his latter 



term was elected Speaker; on his retirement from 
Congress, was chosen Governor of Cieorgia; in 1855 
was again elected to Congiess; on the accession of 
Mr. Buchanan to the Presidency, went into his cabi- 
net as Secretary of the Treasury; took a prominent 
part in the Rebellion of 1861; was a member of the 
so-called Confederate Congress, and a Brigadier-Gen- 
eral. Died in New York City, October 9, 1868. 

Cobb, R. "W.: was born at Ashville, Alabama, 
February 25, 1829; was educated at the University at 
Kno.xville, Tennessee; studied law, and commenced 
practice iu 1855; Wivs elected State Senator in 1872; 
was a Delegate to the State Constitutional Conven- 
tion of 1875; was re-elected State Senator in 1876, 
and was elected President of the Senate; was elected 
Governor of Alabama iu 1878, and re-elected in 1880, 
serving until 1882. 

Cobb, Stephen Alonzo; was born in Madison, 
JIaine, June 17, 1833; received a common school edu- 
cation; removed to Jlinnesotain 1850; worked in the 
lumbering business for four years, while prep.aring 
for college; entered Beloit College in 1854; graduated 
at Brown "University in 1858; settled in Wyandotte, 
Kansas, in 1859, and commenced the practice of the 
law; entered the army in 1862, served through the 
war, rising to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel; was 
Mayor of Wyandotte in 1862 and 1868; a member of 
the' State Senate in 1862, 1869, and 1870; Speaker of 
the House in 1872; was elected to the Forty-third 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Post Roads 
and the State Department. 

Cobb, Thomas R.; was born in Lawrence Coun- 
ty, Indiana, July 2, 1828; was reared on a farm; at^ 
tended the lUoomington University; studied law, and 
commenced practice at Bedford, Indiana, in 1853; was 
a State Senator from 1858 to 1866; removed to Vin- 
cennes, Indiana, in 1867; was President of the Dem- 
ocratic State Convention in 1876, and a Delegate to 
the Democratic National Convention of that year; 
was elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
Forty-fifth, Fcu'ty -.sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- 
gresses; re-elected to the Forty-eighth Congress, and 
again re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Cobb, Thomas "W.; was born in Columbia 
County, Georgia, in 1784; attained a high position as 
a lawyer ; was a Representative in Congress from 
tteorgia from 1817 to 1821, and again from 1823 to 
1824; was a Senator in Congress from 1824 to 1828; 
was subsequently chosen a Judge of the Superior 
Court; died in Greensborough, February 1, 1830. He 
was the author of many political essays. 

Cobb, "Williamson R. "W".; was born in Ray 
County, Tennessee, in 1807; in 1809 his father re- 
moved to Madison County, Alabama, with the pros- 
perity of which State his name was identified tor 
many years; received a good common school educa- 
tion, and then turnetl his attention to farming; from 
this pursuit was called in 1845 to a seat in the State 
Legislature, where he remained two years; in 1847 
was elected a Representative in Congress from Ala- 
bama, in which capacity he served his adopted State 
by successive re-elections down to 1860; during eight 
years of his Congressional career officiated as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Unfinished Business, and 
the remaiiuler of the time as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Public Lands; the credit is awarded him 
of having engineered through Congress the Bounty 
Land Bill of 1850, and the Graduation Bill of 1854; 
was killed by the accidental discharge of a pistol, iu 
Alabama, iu November, 1864. He had served in the 
Confederate Congress, but was expelled therefrom on 
account of disloyalty to the Confederacy. 



H It) (i U A 1' H I C A L A N N A ). S . 



103 



Coburn. Abner; was born in Maine: was Gov- 
ernor of that State from 18()2 to 1863. 

Cobvirn, John ; was born in Philailclphia; was 
well eilneatetl; aclojrted the profession of the hiw, 
which he abandoned in 17S4; removed to Lexiiifiton. 
Kentucky, and en-jaged in mercantile business; in 
1T94 removed to Mason County, and was soon after 
appointed Judge of the District Court ; upon the 
re-organization of the courts was Judge of the 
Circuit C'cmrt, wliieh otlice he held iintil IHOr); was 
ajipointed Judge of the Territory of Michigan, by 
I'resident Jefferson, but declined ; was then ap- 
pointed Judge of the Territory of Orleans, and 
held his courts in St. Louis: resigned in 1809, and 
was appointed, by President Madison. Collector of 
Kevenue for the Fourth District of Kentucky, which 
office he held for several years; and was the last ])ub- 
lic position he held; in ISlo joined Governer Shelliy 
as a member of his staff, and lield the post for a short 
time. Died in February, 18'23. 

Oobum, John ; was born in Indianapolis, Indi- 
ana, Octol>er "27, lS'lr>: graduated at Wabash College 
in 1846; adopted the profession of the law; was a 
member of the State Legislature in 1850 and 18.51 ; 
\vas Judge of the Court of Common Pleas in the 
Twelfth District from 1859 to 1861; resigned, ami 
served in the army during the Kebellion, first as 
( (ilonel of the Thirty-third Kegiment Indiana Vol- 
unteers; was promoted to the rank of Brigadier- 
General for gallant and meritorious services; was 
« ith the Army of the Cumberland, and having gone 
with General Sherman to Atlanta, received in per- 
son the surrender of that city; in October, 1665, was 
elected Judge of the Filth Judicial Circuit of Indi- 
ana, which office he resigned in August, 1866; in tlie 
subsequent autumn was elected a Kepresentative, 
I'rom Indiana, to the Fortieth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Banking and Currency and Puli- 
lic Expenditures; re-elected to the three subseiiuent 
Congresses, and was Chairman of the (,'ommittee on 
MUitary Atfairs and Public Expenditures. 

Coburn, Stephen ; was born in Maine: in Jan- 
nary, 1861, was elected a l^epresentative from that 
State to the Thirty-sixth Congress, for the unexpired 
term of Israel Washlnirn, Jr., resigned. 

Cochran, Alexander G-.; was born in Allegheny 
City, Peunsyhauia, March '20, 1845; was educated 
in his nati\e city and at Phillips' Academy, Andover, 
Massachusetts; left school in 1861;' entered the 
Columbia Law School in 1864 ; was admitted to 
the bar in 1866, ami practiced in Pittsburg; in 1874 
was elected a Kepresentative, from Pennsylvania, to 
the Fortv-fourth Congress. 

Cochran, James; was a Major of Militia; rep- 
resented the State of New York in Congress from 
1797 to 1799. Died at Oswego, New York, Novem- 
ber 7, 1848, aged seventy-nine years. He was at one 
time Postmaster of Oswego. 

Cochran, John P.; was Governor of Delaware 
from 1875 to 1879. 

Cochrane, Clark B.; was born in New Boston, 
New Hamjishire. May 31, 1815; graduated at Union 
College, Schenectady, New York; a lawyer by pro- 
fession; member of the New York Legislature in 1-^ i:! 
and 1844; was a Kepresentative in the Thirty-tilth 
Congress from New York, serving on the Committee 
on Expenditures in the War Department; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving ;is a 
member of the Committee on Private Laud Claims; 
wiis a Delegate to the Baltimore Convention of 1864; 
again electc^d to the Assembly in 1865. Died at 
Albany, March 5, 1867. 



Cochrane, John; was born at Pahitine, Mont- 
goiueiy County, New York; studied at I'nion College 
and graduated at Ilamiltcm College, New York- a 
lawyer by profession; was Surveyor of the port of 
New York lor four years; was elected to the Thirty- 
lifth Congress, acting as Chairman of the Committeo 
on Conmierce; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, .serving as a member of the Committee on 
Commerce; also served as a General of Volunteers in 
the Union Army in 1861 and 1862; Wius subsecjuently 
elected Attorney-General of the State of New York; 
in 1864 was nominated for the office of Vice-President 
of the United States, on the ticket with J. C. Fre- 
mont; was a Delegate to the Philadeljdiia "National 
Union Convention " of 1866, and that of Chicago in 
1868; in 1869 was ap])ointed Revenue Collector for 
tlie Sixth District of New York. 

Cocke, John ; was born in Brunswick County, 
Virginia. 177'2; in early life emigrated to Tennessee; 
adopted the profession of the law; beeaiuc a meml)er 
of the first Legislature of the State, in 179(i: was 
Speaker of the House for nnmy years; was also a 
member of the Senate; from 1819 to 1827 was a Kep- 
resentative in Congress from his adopted State. Died 
in Grundv County, Tennessee, February 16, 1854. 

Cocke, William ; was born in Virginia; partic- 
ipated in the military, civil, legislative, and judicial 
services of that State: on removing to Tennessee, be- 
came a General of Militia; served in the State Legis- 
lature in 1813; became one of the Judges of the Cir- 
cuit Court; was a Senator in Congress Ironi Tennessee 
in 1797, but was su])erscded by A. Jackson; was 
again a Senator from 1799 to 1805; in 1814 was ap- 
pointed, by President Madison, Indian Agent for the 
Chickasaw nation. 

Cocke, WiUiam M.; was born in Tennessee; was 
a Kepresentative in Congress from that State from 
1845 to 1849. 

Cockerill, Joseph R.; was born in Virginia; 
renuiveil to I Ihio: was elected a Kepresentative to the 
Thirty-lifth Congress, and was a member of the Com- 
mittees on Public Expenditures and Expenses in the 
War Department. Died at West Union, Ohio, Octo- 
ber 23, 1875. 

Cockran, James; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from North Carolina from 1809 to 1813. 

Cocki-ell, Francis Marion ; was born near War- 
rensburg, Missouri, Oclolicr 1. 1834; received a com- 
mon school education, but linished his studies at 
Chapel Hill Colh-gc, in Lafayette County, Mis.souri, 
an institution belonging to the Cumberland Preshy 
teriau Cliurch; worked U|)on his father's farm: studied 
law, and on coming to tlie bar devoted himself to the 
practice of the profession; w;us elected a Senator in 
Congress from Mis,souri for the term ending in 1881; 
was re-elected for the term ending in 1887. 

CofTee, John ; wa.s a member of Congress from 
Georgia from 1833 to 1837. Died in Telfair County, 
of that State, September 2.5, 1836. 

Coffey, Titian J.; was born in Pennsylvania; 

educated lor the legal profession; in 1861 was ap- 
pointed Assist;int Attorney-GeiuMal of the United 
States, holding the position until 1864. 

Coffin, Charles G.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Ohio from 1838 to 1839; subsequently 
settled in Cincinnati as a lawyer. 

Coffin, Peleg; was born September, 17.56; was a 
Representative in Congress from Ma.ssaclmsetts from 
1793 to 1795: served a number of y<'ars in the State 



104 



li I O (i li A I' H 1 C A L A N X A L -S . 



Senate ; was State Treasurer from 1797 to 1802. Died 
March 6, 1805. 

OofFroth, Alexander H.; was born in Somerset, 
Somerset County, Pennsylvania, Jlaj' 18, 1828; was 
self-educated; read law, and commenced tlie practice 
in 18nl ; was a Delegate to the Charleston Convention 
in 1860; was elected a Representative from Pennsyl- 
vania to the Thirty-eighth Congress, and served on 
the Committees on Revolutionary Pensions and on 
Expenditures in the Interior Department; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Invalid Pensions, but his seat was suc- 
cessfully contested by Mr. Koontz; in 1867 was ap- 
pointed, by President Johnson, an Assessor of Inter- 
nal Revenue ; was a Delegate to the Democratic 
National Convention of 1872; was again elected a 
Representative to the Fortj'-sixth Congress. 

Coggeshall, ■William T.; was born in Pennsyl- 
vania, and a resident of Philadelphia; .subsequently 
removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he was connected 
with the press; became State Librarian of Ohio; 
afterwards identitied himself with the Sprinyfidd 
Republican and the Columbus Journal; in 1866 was 
appointed Minister Resident at Ecuador, where he 
died August 2, 1867. 

Cog-hlan, John M.; was born in Louisville, 
Kentuckj', December 8, 1835; removed to Illinois in 
1847, and in 1850 emigrated to California; was self- 
educated; a lawyer by profession ; was a member of 
the California Legislature in 1865; was elected to the 
Porty-second Congress as a Representative of his 
adopted State, serving on the Committees on Private 
Land Claims and Naval Aft'airs. 

Coit, Joshua ; was born in New London, Connec- 
ticut, October 7, 1758; graduated at Harvard Univer- 
sity in 1776; studied law, and settled in New London 
in 1779; was a Representative in Congress from Con- 
necticut from 1793 to 1798; served a :uimber of years 
in the Legislature of Connecticut. Died in New 
London, September 5, 1798, of yellow fever. 

Coke, Richard ; was a lawyer by profession, 
and possessed talents of a high order, and an energy 
seldom equaled; was a Representative in Congress, 
from Virginia, trom 1829 to 1833, and for many years 
a prominent member of the bar. Died in Abingdon, 
Virginia, March 30, 1851. 

Coke, Richard ; was born at ■Williamsburg, Vir- 
ginia, Starch 13, 1829; was educated at 'William and 
Mary College; studied law; was admitted to the bar 
in 1850, and settled at Waco, Texas, in the practice 
of his profession; served in the Confederate Army as 
a commissioned officer; was appointed District Judge 
in 1865; in 1866 was elected a Judge of the State Sn- 
preme Court; after serving one year was removed 
under the Reconstruction Act; in 1873 was elccleil 
Governor of Texas, and was re-elected in 1876; re- 
signed in 1877, having been elected a United Slates 
Senator from Texas for the term of six years from 
March 4, 1877; was re-elected for the term ending in 
1889. 

Colby, A.; was born in New London, New Hamp- 
shire, in 1793; early took a special interest in local 
military atfairs; in 1828 was elected to the State 
Legislature, and served through twelve terms; in 
1846 became Governor of New Hampshire; in 1861 
was made Adjutant-General of the State; was sub- 
sequently a Provost-Marshal; a Trustee of Dartmouth 
College; founded an ;'cademy at New London; also 
endowed a Bajitist Literary and Theological Institu- 
tion in that town. Died there July 20, 1873. 



Colby, Stoddard B.; was born in Vermont in 
1816; graduated at Dartmouth College in 1836; 
studied law aud practiced the profession at Mont- 
pelier; in 1864 was appointed Register of the United 
States Treasury at Washington. Died September 21, 
1867, in Haverhill, New Hampshire. 

Colcock, ■William F.; was born in South Caro- 
lina: graduated atthe South Carolina College in 1823; 
adopted the profession of the law; was a member of 
the State Legislature and Speaker of the House; was 
a Representative in Congress from South Carolina 
from 1849 to 1853. 

Golden, Cad'wallader D.; was, for many years, 
a prominent member of the New York bar; served in 
the Legislature of that State; held the post of District 
Attorney of the United States for many years; was at 
one time May-or of New York; was a member of Con- 
gress from 1821 to 1823; was an early and intimate 
friend of Robert Fulton, and wrote his biograjihy; 
was highly respected for his talents and virtues. Died 
in Jersey City, New Jersey, February 7, 1834, aged 
sixty-five years. 

Cole, Cornelius; was born in Lodi, New York, 
September 17, 1822; bred a farmer; graduated at the 
Wesleyan University in Connecticut; adopted the 
profession of the law; emigrated to California in 1849, 
and mined for gold one year; subsequently prosecuted 
his profession in San Francisco and Sacramento; wa.s 
District Attorney at the latter place for two years; in 
18615 was elected a Representative from California to 
the Thirty-eiglith Congress, serving on the Committee 
on PostOtfices and Post Roads; from 1856 to 1860 was 
a member of the National Re])ublican Committee, 
and during the Presidential campaign of 1860 was 
the editor of a newspaper in California; was elected 
to the United Slates Senate for the term commencing 
in 1667 and ending in 1873, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Appropriations, Manufactures, and Claims; 
was a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Con- 
vention" of 1866. 

Cole, George E.; was born in Oneida County, 
New York, December 22, 1826; went to Iowa in 1849; 
crossed the plains to California in 1850, and went to 
Oiegon the same year; was a member of the Oregon 
Legislature in 1851, 1852, and 1853; during the vears 
1859 and 1860 was Clerk of the United States Diistrict 
Court for Oregon ; removed to Wa.shington Territory 
in 1861; in IsjiS was elected a Delegate from Wash- 
ington Territory to the Thirty-eighth Congress. 

Cole, Orsamus ; was born in New York ; removed 
to Wisconsin at an early day; was appointed United 
States Judge for that Territory; was a Representative 
in Congress fi-om "ft^isconsin from 1849 to 1851. 

Cole, Nathan ; was born in St. Louis, Missouri, 
July 26, 1825; received a common school education, 
and pursued a partial course of study at Shurtletl" 
College, Illinois; became a merchant, Vice-President 
of two leading banks in his native city, and Diiector 
in a number of other corporations; was Mayor of 
Saint Louis from 1869 to 1871; was President of the 
Merchants Exchange of that city in 1876; was elected 
a Representative trom Missouri to the Forty-fifth 
Congress. 

Cole, 'William Hinson ; was born at Baltimore, 
Maryland, January 11, 1837, his father being a de- 
scendant of an old Maryland family; his early edu- 
cation was acquired in the public schools, aud later 
he attended an academy, aud then -nent through a 
collegiate course; studied law and in his tvventj'-iirst 
year was admitted to the bar at Baltimore; after a 
brief practice studied medicine; served on the medi- 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



105 



cal staff of the Confederate Arm}- throughout the 
Civil War; at its close engaged in journalism in Balti- 
more; became editor and proprietor of the Eveniny 
Journal, and subsequently city editor of the Baltimore 
Gazette; in 1870 was Deputy Kegister of the city, and 
resigned to accept the office of Chief Clerk of the First 
Branch of the City Council; was Reading Clerk of the 
Maryland House of Representatives from 1S72 to 
1884, witli the exception of one session; in 1884 was 
elected a Representative from Maryland to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. Died, in Washington City, July 8, 
1886. 

Coleman, Daniel; was born in Xorth Carolina; 
in 1836 was appointed tliird Postmaster-General, 
holding the office until 1841. 

Coleman, Nicholas D.; was born in Harrison 
County, Kentucky, iu 1800; was educated chielly at 
the Univei-sity of Transylvania in 1822; studied law, 
and engaged in its practice with success; in 1824 and 
1825 was elected to the State Legislature; was a licp- 
resentative iu Congress from 1829 to 1831; was soon 
afterwards appointed Postmaster of Marysville, and 
to the same position in Vieksburg from 1841 to 1844; 
■was also, for a time. President of the Southern Pacific 
Eailroad. Died in May, 1874, at Vieksburg. 

Colerick, Walpole G-.; was born at Fort Wayne, 
Indiana, August 1, 184."); adopted tlie professiou of 
the law; was elected a Representative from Indiana 
to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Coles, Ed'ward ; was born in Albemarle County, 
Virginia, December 1.5, 1786; graduated at William 
and Mary College in 1807; was Private Secretary to 
President Madison, who sent him on a mission to 
Russia in 1817; on his return, in 1818, removed to 
Illinois, taking with him liis slaves, whom he had 
liberated; was Governor of that State from 1823 to 
1826; removed to Philadelphia in 18.33; read before 
the Philadelphia Historical Society, in 1856, "A His- 
tory of the Ordinance of 1787." which was published, 
8vo. Died in Philadelpliia, .luly 7, 1868. 

Coles, Isaac ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Virginia from 1789 to 1791, and again from 1793 
to 1797; was one of those who voted for locating the 
Seat of Government on the Potomac. 

Coles, "Walter; was born in Virginia; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State IJom 1835 
to 1845. 

Colfax, Schuyler ; was born in New York City, 
March 23, 162:!; was a grandson of William Colfax, 
a General in the Army oi' the Revolution under Gen- 
eral Washington; attended a puVilic school; was a 
merchanfs clerk for three years; in 1836 removed 
■with his widowed mother to Indiana, where he held 
a county office and studied law; in 1845 established 
the St. Joseph ]'allei/ Hei/ister, at South Bind, which 
he conducted until 1S.')5; in IS.'iO was a member of 
the "State Constitutional Convention;" in 1848 and 
18.52 a Delegate to the "Whig National Conventions " 
of those years, and was Secretary to each; was elected 
a Representative from Indiana to the Thirty-fourtli 
Congress, and to succcssi\e Congresses, including the 
Fortieth, serving asChairman of the Commit teeouPost- 
Offices, and as Regent of the Smithsonian Institution; 
■waschosen Speakerduring the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
and wa.s twice re-elected to the same jiosition; in 1865 
made an overland journey to the I'acilic Coa.st, which 
formed the sulyect of a ])oi>ular lecture, which he de- 
livered in sexeral States; in 1868 he was electf^l to 
the office of \i(e-President of the United States on 
the ticket with General Gr mt lor President; after tlie 



close of his term devoted himself to lecturing. Died 
Januaiy 13, 1885. 

Collamer, Jacob ; was born in Troy, New York, 
in 1792; when a child removed, with his father, to 
Burlington, Vermont; graduated at the University of 
Vermont in 18U); served as a subaltern during the 
first campaign of the last war with England; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1813; practiced 
his profession until 1833, during which time he was 
ibr several years a member of the State Legislature, 
and from 1833 to 1841 was Judge of the Supreme 
Court of Vermont; in 1843 took liis seat as a Rejire- 
sentalive in Congress from Vermont, serving by re- 
elections until 1849; in March of that year was ap- 
pointed Postmaster-General in the Cabinet of Presi- 
dent Taylor; resigned in 18.50, with the rest of the 
Cabinet, on the death of the I'resident, and w;vs soon 
afterwards re-ap])ointed on the Supreme Bench of his 
State, which otlic<' he held until 1854, when he was 
elected a Senator in Congress from Vermont for sis 
years from 1855; in 1861 was re-elected for the terni 
ending in 1867, serving as Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Post-Offices and Post Roads, also that on the 
Library, and as a member of several otlier imiK)rtant 
Committees; received the degree of LL.D from the 
University of Vermont, and from Dartmouth College, 
New Hampshire. Died in Woodstock, Vermont, No- 
vember 8, 1865. 

Collier, Henry W atklns ; was born in Lunen- 
burg County, Virginia. .lanuary 17, 1801; was edu- 
cated in Abbeville District, South Carolina; removed 
to Alabama in 1818; was admitted to the bar in 1821; 
began to practice in Huntsville; in 1823 removed to 
Tuscaloosa; was Judge of the Circuit Court of that 
District from 1827 to 1837; Chief Justice of Alabama 
from 1837 to 1849; Governor from 1849 to 1853. Died 
at Bailey's Springs, Alabama, August 28, 1855. 

Collier, John A..; was a Representative in Con- 
gress trom New York, from 1831 to 1838. 

Collin, John F.; was born in Hillsdale, Colum- 
bia County. New York. A])ril 30, 1802; received a 
common school education; devoted himself to agri- 
cultural pursuits; served in the State Legislature in 
1834; was. tor some years, a member of the County 
Board of Supervisors; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York, from 1845 to 1847. 

Collins, Ela ; was born in Mcriden, Connecticut, 
February 14, 1786; studied law, and commenced 
practice in Oneida County, New York; w;us, for 
twenty years, a District Attorney, displaying ability 
as an advocate, and during the latter part of his life 
devoted much attention to farming; commanded a 
regiment of Militia near Sackett's Harbor, New York, 
in 1814; represented Lewis County in the Legislature 
of the State; in 1621 was a member of the State Con- 
stitutional Convention; was in Congress from New 
York, from 1823 to 1825. Died at Lowrille, Levvis 
County, November 23, 1848. 

Collins, Francis D.; w.isborn in Saugerties, Ul- 
ster County, New York, March 5, 1844; was educated 
at St. Joseph College and Wyoming S(!minarv, Penn- 
sylvania; read law, and came to tlie bar in Luzerne 
County in 1866; was elected a District Attornev in 
1869; was elected to the State Senate in 1872, 1873, 
and 1874, and in the latter year was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-fourth 
Congress; re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Collins, John ; was Governor of Rhode Island 
from 1786 to 1789, succeeding "^S'illiam Greene; was a 
patriot of the Revolution, a Delegate to the old Con- 
gress from 1778 to 1783, and a signer of the Articles 



106 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



of Confederation; was elected a Representative in 
Congress in 1789. Died at Newport, in March, 1795, 
aged seventy-eight. 

Collins, John ; was Governor of Delaware from 
1820 to his death, which occurred at Wilmington, 
Delaware, April 15, 1822. 

Collins, Patrick A.; was horn near Fermoy, 
Ireland, March 12, 1844; emigrated to the United 
.States wlien a hoy, settling in Massachusetts; re- 
ceived a common school education; hecame a me- 
chanic; read law, graduated from Har\ard Law School, 
and was admitted to the bar in Boston, Massa- 
chusetts, in 1871 ; located there in the practice of his 
profession ; was a member of the State House of Rep- 
resentatives in 1868 and 1869; State Senator in 1870 
and 1871 ; Judge Advocate General of the State in 
1875; was elected a Representative from Massa- 
chusetts to the Forty-eighth Congress; w;is re-elected 
to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Collins, Thomas ; was born in 1732: was High 
Slierilf of Kent County, Delaware; a nicmlier of the 
Council for four years; Brigadier-General of Jlilitia 
from 1776 to 1783; a member of the -V.ssembly, and 
Chief Justice of the Court of Common I'leas; was 
Governor of Delaware from 1786 to 1789. Died near 
Duck Creek, Kent County, Delaware, March 29, 
1789. 

Collins, William ; was liorn in Virginia; in 1844 
was appointed First Auditor of the Treasury, in 
which position he remained until 1849. 

Collins, "William ; was born in Oneida County, 
New York; studied law; was a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1847 to 1849; was Dis- 
trict Attorney lor Lewis County, until he removed to 
Cleveland, Ohio. 

Colman, Noi-man J. ; was born near Richfield 
Springs, Otsego County, New York, in 1827; received 
an academic education, and took the degree of Bach- 
elor of Law at Louisville (Kentucky) Law Univer- 
sity in 1849; commenced the practice of law at New 
Albany, Indiana; was elected District Prosecuting 
Attorney in 1851 ; removed to St. Louis, Missouri, in 
1853, and founded Cohium's Rami World, an agricul- 
tural paper; was elected a member of the Board of 
Aldermen for the city of St. Louis in 1855; was elec- 
ted a Representative in the Legislature of the State 
of Mis.souri in 1865; was nominated lor Lieutenant- 
Governor of the State, by the Democratic State Con- 
vention, in 1868, and, witli the entire ticket, was de- 
feated; was again nominated lor Lieutenant-Gover- 
nor in 1874, and was elected and served throughout 
his term; was President of the Missouri State Horti- 
cultural Society; a member, and President, of the 
Miss(mri State Board of Agriculture; President of 
the Mississippi Valley Cane Growers' Association, 
and of the National Sugar Growers' Association; 
President of the Jlissouri Horse Breeders' Associa- 
tion; President of tlie American Association of Nur- 
serymen, Florists and Seedsmen; Vice President of 
the' American Horticultural Society, and also of the 
American Pomological Society, and was prominently 
identified with the organization and development of 
many societies in the interest of agriculture; was one 
of tlie promoters and Directors, and the fii-st Secre- 
tary of the now famous St. Loviis Fair Association; 
Ajnil 3, 1885, was appointed, by President Cleve- 
land, United States Commi.ssicnier of Agriculture, an 
appointment which has received the ajiproval of the 



Colqmtt, Alfred H.; was born in Georgia, April 
20, 1824; received a classical education, graduating 



from Princeton College, New Jersey, in 1844; studied 
law and engaged in practice, but soon abandoned the 
profession and became a planter, in which avocation 
he was very successful; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from" Georgia from 1853 to 1855; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1860; entered the Confederate Ai'my 
as Colonel, and, by distinguished gallantry, won pro- 
motion to the rank of Major-General; was President 
of the State Agricultural Society for six years; was 
elected Governor of Georgia in 1876 by the largest 
majority ever received by a candidate in that State; 
continued in office, by re-election, until 18S2, when 
he was elected a Senator of the United States from 
Georgia for the term of sl.x years, from March 4, 1883. 

Colquitt, "W. T. ; was born in Halifax County, 

Virginia, Decemljer 27, 1799; was educated at Prince- 
ton College; was admitted to the bar in 1820; was a 
Brigadier-General of Militia at the age of twenty- 
one; in 1826 was appointed a District Judge, and 
held the first court ever held in Columbus; was ap- 
jiointed to the same office in 1829; was a member of . 
the State Senate in 1834 and 1837; a Representative 
in Congress from Georgia ii'om 1839 to 1843; a Sena- 
tor in Congress from 1843 to 1849; was a member of 
the Nashville Convention in 1850. Died at Macon, 
Georgia, May 7, 1855. 

Colston, Edward ; was horn in Berkeley Coun- 
ty, Virginia, in 1788; graduated at Princeton College 
in 1806; served for a long time as Magistrate of the 
county, and in the capacity of High Sheritf; was fre- 
(luently a member of the State Legislature; w-as a 
Ke|)resentative in Congress from Virginia from 1817 
to 1819. Died April 23, 1851. 

Colt, LeBaron B.; was born at Dcdham, Massa- 
chusetts, June 25. 1846; received a classical educa- 
tion, graduating at Yale College in 1868; studied law 
at Columbia College Law School; was admitted to 
the bar of New Y'ork in 1870; after a year of travel 
abroad, commenced the practice of law in Chicago, 
Illinois; in 1875 removed to Bristol, Rhode Island; 
was a Representative in the State Legislature in 1879 
and 1880; in March, 1S31, was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Garfield, United States District Judge for the 
District of Rhode Island. 

Comegys, Cornelius P. ; was born in Delaware; 
was Go%ernor of that State from 1837 to 1840. 

Comegys, Joseph P.; son of Cornelius P. Co- 
megys, formerly Governor of the State of Delaware; 
was born in St.'Jones's Neck, at Cherbourg, near 
Dover, Delaware, December 29, 1813; was educated 
at Dover Academy ; in May, 1831, entered the office 
of J. JI. Clayton, as a student of law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1835; was elected a member of 
the House of Representatives of the State i;^ 1842 
and 1848; in January, 1851, was appointed, by the 
General Assembly, one of a committee of three to 
revise the Statutes of the State; in November, 1856, 
was chosen, by the Governor, to fill the vacancy in 
the United States Senate occasioned l)y the deatli of 
Jolm M. Clayton; was a delegate to the Philadelphia 
"National Union Convention" of 1866. 

Coming-o, Abram ; was born in Mercer County, 
Kentucky, January 9, 1820; received a liberal educa- 
tion; studied law, and came to the bar in 1847; re- 
moved to Missouri in 1848; w.as elected a member of 
the Missouri State Convention in 1861; appointed 
Provost-Marshal in May, 1863; was elected to the 
Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses, serving on 
the Committees on Indian and Freedmen's Afl'airs. 

Comins, Linus B.; was bom in Charlton, Massa/- 
chusetts, in 1817; graduated at the "Worcester 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



lo: 



County Manual Labor High Sohool;" was devoted to 
mercantile pursuits and to manufacturiug ; was a 
member of the Eoxbury City Council in 184(i, and in 
1817 and 1848 was President of the Council; in 1854 
was Mayor of Roxbury; was soon after elected to 
Congress from Slassaehusctts, and continued in that 
position to the close of the Thirty-fifth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Commerce. 

Comly, James M.; wa« a resident of Ohio; in 
1877 was appointed United States Minister to the 
Hawaiian Islands. 

Cotnpton, Barnes ; was born at Port Tobacco, 
Charles County, iliiryland, X(i\eniber Kj, 18.'50; was 
educated in the county schools until 1844, when he 
entered Charlotte Hall Academy, remaining there 
until 1847 ; then entered the Freshman Class at 
I'rinceton Collejie, New .Ierse\', where he graduated 
in 1851; returned to Charles County, and took charge 
of his estates as a planter; was County Commissioner 
of Schools; was nominated for the State Senate in 
1856, but declined; was elected a Representative in 
the State Legislature, in 1859, without opposition; 
in 1866 was elected State Senator for four years; in 
1867 a change in the law necessitated a new election, 
and he was again elected to the Senate and. upon the 
assembling of the Legislature, was elected President 
of the Senate; at the end of two years was re-elected 
for a full term and was again elected President of the 
Senate; in 1872 was ai)p(iinted State Inspector of 
Tobacco: in 1874 was elected, by the Legislature, 
Treasurer of the State, and served, by re-election, 
more than eleven years; in the same year settled in 
Baltimore; in 1877 became a member of the Board of 
Managers of the State Hospital for the Insane; in 
1879 was made Ti'easurer of the Board, and continued 
in that position; in 1880 removed to Laurel, Mary- 
land; in 1884 was elected a Representative from 
Maryland to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Comstock, Charles C; was born at Sullivan, 
Cheshire County. New Hampshii-e, March 5, 1818; 
received a common school education; removed to 
Westmoreland, in the same county, in 1837; to Graf- 
ton County. New Hampshire, in 1852, and to Grand 
Bapids, Jlichigan, in 18.53; engaged in farming and 
manufacturing, in which he continued with success; 
■was also engaged in the lumber business, beginning 
with the year 1842; was elected Mayor of Grand 
Rapids in 1863, and re-elected in 1864; was the Dem- 
ocratic candidate for Governor of Michigan in 1870, 
the People's candidate for Congress in 1873, and the 
Greenback candidate for Congress in 1878, but was 
defeated in each instance; in 1884 was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Michigan to the Forty-ninth Con- 
gress. 

Comstock, George F.; was born in "Williams- 
town, Oswego County, New York, .\ugust 24, 1811; 
graduated at Union College in 1834; taught Greek 
and Latin in a private school; studied law, and in 
1837 came to the bar in Syracuse, which became liis 
place of residence; in 1647 was appointed l'ici)cirter 
.>r the Decisions of the Court of Appeals, and i)ub- 
lished four volumes; in 1852 was appointe<l Solicitor 
ol' the United States Treasury; went out of ollice in 
1-53; in ia55 was elected .judge of the ('ourtof .\p- 
peals, remaining on the Kencli until 1861, and was 
Chief Justice during the last year; subseipicntly de- 
voted all his attention to the practice of his j)rol'cs- 
sion; was a nu'mber of the State Constitutional Con- 
vention of 1867. 

Comstock, Oliver C; was bred a Baptist min- 
ister; was a member of the N'cw York .Assembly in 



1810 and 1812; a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1813 to 1819; subsequently ofliciated 
as Chaplain of the House of Representatives. Died 
at Marshall, Jlichigau, January 11, 1860, aged seventy- 
six years. 

Conant, Charles F.; was born in Milfonl, New 
Hampshire, April 22, 1835; received an academic 
education; engaged in mercantile pursuits; became as 
clerk in the Treasury Department in 186H; in .luly, 
1874, was appointed Assistant Secretary of the Treas- 
urv Department, remaining in office until .\pril, 
1877. 

Condict, John; was born in 1755; was a soldier 
and surgeon during the Revolutionarj' ^Var; was a 
memljcr of the New Jersey Legislature for several 
years; was a Representative in Congress from that- 
State from 1799 to 1803; a Senator in Congress from 
1803 to 1817; was again a Representative during the 
years 1819 and 1820. Died Jlay 4, 1834. 

Condict, Lewis; was born at Morristown, New 
.Tersey, in ilarch, 1773; was a jihysician of eminence; 
from 1805 to 1810 was a member of the New Jersey 
Legislature, the two latter years ofliciating as Speaker; 
in 1807 was a Commissioner (or settling the boundary 
between New York and New Jersey; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1811 to 1817 and from 1821 
to 1833; in 1841 w.is a Presidential Elector; was also 
at one time Sherift'of Morris County. Died at Mor- 
ristown, New Jer.sey, May 26, 1862. 

Condict, Silas ; was a Delegate from New Jer- 
sey to the Continental Congress from 1781 to 1784; 
his son bearing the same name was a Representative 
in the Federal Congress. 

Condict, Silas ; was born in New Jersey in 1777; 
graduated at Princeton College in 1795; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from New Jersey from 1831 
to 1S33; was a member of the Convention which 
tbrmed the State Constitution of 1844; was for many 
years President of the Newark Banking Company; 
was frequently elected to the Legislature of New 
Jersev. Died at Newark, New Jersey, November 
29, 1861. 

Condy, Jonathan W.; was born in Pennsyl- 
vania; was elected Clerk of the House of Representa- 
tives in 1797, and held the position until 1800. 

Cong-er, Edw^in H.; was born in Knox County, 
Illinois, March 7, 1^43: received a collegiate educa- 
tion, graduating from Lombard University, Gales- 
burg, Illinois, in 1862; immediately after leaving 
college enlisted in the Union Army, and served until 
the close of the Civil "War, as Lieutenant and Cap- 
tain, and was brcvetted JIajor for brave and merito- 
rious services in the tield; studied law an<l graduated 
frtpni the Albany Law School, in 1866; w;is admitted 
to the bar and practiced law at Galesburg, Illinois, 
lor two years; in 1868 removed to Iowa, and engaged 
in farming, stock-raising, and banking; was a nu'Ui- 
ber of the Board of Supervisors of Madison County, 
Iowa, from 1870 to 1872; was Treasurer of Dallas 
County, Iowa, from 1878 to 1882; was Treasurer of 
the State of Iowa from 1882 to 1885; in 1884 was 
elected a Representative from Iowa to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Conger, Harmon S.; was born in Connecticut; 
was a Representative in Congress from New York, 
from 1847 to 1851. 

Conger, James L.; was born in New Jersey; on 
removing to Michigan, was elected a Representative 
in Congress. iVom 1851 to 18.53. 



108 



BIOUKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Conger, Omar D.; wasborninCooperstown, Otse- 
go County, New York, in 1818; removed, with his 
fatlier, to Huron County, Ohio, in 1824; graduated in 
1842 at the Western Reserve College; Irom 1845 to 
1847 was employed in the Geological Surveys of Lake 
Superior; in 1848 settled at Port Huron, Michigan, 
in the practice of law; in 1850 was elected Judge of 
St. Clair County; was a Senator in the State Legisla- 
ture from 1855 to 1859, during the latter serving as 
President j)/-o /CTH.; was a Delegate to the Baltimore 
Convention of 18G4; also a Presidential Elector at 
the ensuing election, and Messenger from Michigan 
to carry the vote to Washington; in 186(> was a mem- 
her of the State Constitutional Convention; in 1863 
ivas eh'cted a Kepresentati\'e, from Michigan, to the 
Forty-iirst Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Commerce; re-elected to the three succeeding Con- 
gresses, serving on the Committee on Commerce and 
as Chairman of that on Patents; was re-elected to 
the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- 
gresses; resigned his seat in the latter when elected a 
United States Senator, from Michigan, for the term 
of si.x years, from March 4, 1881. 

Conkling, Alfred ; was born in East Hampton, 
Suftblk County, New York, October 12, 1789; gradu- 
ated at Union College; studied law, and came to the 
bar in 1812; was District Attorney for Montgomery 
County for two or three years ; was elected a Repre- 
sentati\e, from New York, to the Seventeenth Con- 
gress; then settled in Albany; in 1825 was appoint- 
ed, by President Adams, Judge of the United 
States for the Northern District of New York, his 
nomination having been unanimously confirmed by 
the Senate; while upon the bench wrote two law 
books that were mtrch needed by the profession; one 
<)f them entitled " Conkling's Treatise," and the 
■other "Conkling's Admiralty;" in 1852 was ap- 
pointed, by President Fillmore, Minister to Mexico; 
on his return from that mission settled at Genesee, 
New York, and devoted himself mainly to literary 
pui'suits, including the preparation and pirblication 
of new editions of his law books; in 1867 published 
a work on the " Powers of the Executive Departments 
of the LTnited States; " two of his sons were Repre- 
-sentatives in Congress. Died at Utica, February 5, 
1874. 

Conkling', Frederick A.; was born in Mont- 
gomery County, New Y'ork, August 22, 1816; was 
bred a merchant, and followed that occupation in 
the city of New York ; was a meraljer of the Assem- 
bly of New York in 1854, 1859, and ISOU; was elected 
a Representative, from New York, to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Naval Afliiirs. 

Conkling, Roscoe ; was born in Albany, New 
York, in 1828; received a good education; adopted 
the profession of the law; in 1849 was appointed 
District Attorney for Oneida County; in 1858 was 
elected Mayor of Utica, to which place he had re- 
moved in 1846; at the close of 1858 was elected a 
Representative, from New York, to the Thirtj'-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the Committee on 
the District of Columbia; re-elected to the Thirty- 
seventli Congre-ss, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on a Bankrupt Law, and also as Chairman of 
that on the District of Columbia; re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress; in the Thirty-ninth Congress 
served on the Committees on Ways and Means and 
Reconstruction; was re-elected a Representative to 
the Fortieth Congress; in January, 1867, was chosen 
a Senator in Congi-ess for tbe term ending in 1873, 
serving on the Committees on Appropriations, the 
Judiciary, and Mines and Mining; was President of 



the Republican State Convention of 1867; was re- 
elected to the Senate lor the term ending in 1879, 
and was Chairman of the Committee on the Revision 
of Laws; w-as also re-elected lor the term ending in 
1885; resigned in 1881 and devoted himself to the 
practice of his profession. 

Connelly, Henry; was born in Virginia; re- 
moved to Kansas; in 1861 was appointed Governor 
of the Territory of New Mexico, residing in Santa Fe, 
and remaining in office until 1865. 

Conner, John C; was born in Noblesville, In- 
diana, October 27, 1842; was educated at Wabash 
College; entered the army in 1862 as a Lieuten.ant, 
and served until the close of the war; upon the re-or- 
ganization of the army in 1866 was appointed a Cap- 
tain in the Forty-first Infantry, and served in Te.xas; 
was elected to the Forty-first and Forty-second Con- 
gresses, serving on the Committee on the Militia. 
Died in Washington. 

Conner, Samuel S.; was born in New Hamp- 
shire; graduated at Yale College in 1806; was a Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel in the United States Army in 1812. 
(Eighteenth Infantry); was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Massachusetts, from 1815 to 1817; held 
the ofiice of Surveyor-Creneral in Ohio in 1819. Died 
at Covington, Kentucky, December 17, 1820. 

Conness, Jolin ; was born in Ireland, September 

20, 1821; came to the United States when thirteen 
years of age ; was among the first emigr.ants to Cali- 
fornia, where he became engaged in mining and mer- 
cantile pursuits; in 1852 was elected to the State 
Legislature, and was re-elected three times; in 1859 
was candidate for Lieutenant-Governor of California, 
and in 1861 a candidate for Governor; in 1863 was 
elected a Senator in Congress from Calitbrnia, for the 
term ending in 1869, serving on the Committees on 
Finance and the Pacific Railroad, as Chairman of the 
Committee on Mines and Mining, and as a member 
also of that on Post Offices and Post Roads ; was also 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1866. 

Connolly, Daniel W.; was born at Cochecton, 
Sullivan County, New Y^ork, April 24, 1847; in 1850 
removed, with his parents, to Hyde Park, (now a part 
ofScranton) Pennsylvania; received a common school 
education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 
1870 and engaged in pr.actice at Scranton; was an 
unsuccessful candidate for District Attorney in 1872, 
although he ran ahead of his ticket; upon the organi- 
zation of the new county of Lackawanna, in 1878, 
was elected President Judge but the State Supreme 
Court decided there was no vacancy; was an unsuc- 
cessful candidate for Congress in 1880; in 1882 was 
elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
Forty-eighth Cougi'ess. 

Connor, Henry "W.; was born in Prince George 
County, Virginia, in August, 1793; was educated at the 
University of South Carolina, where he graduated in 
1812; in 1814 was Aid-de-Camp to General Joseph 
Gr.aham in the Creek War; was a Representative in 
Congress from North Carolina from 1821 to 1841, 
when he declined a re-election; in 1848 served in the 
General Assembly; declined a re-election, and retired 
to private life. Died in North Carolina, January 15, 
1866. 

Connor, Selden ; was bom in Fairfield, Maine, 
January 25, 1839; graduated at Tuft's College In 
1859; studied law, but before entering upon the 
practice, enlisted, in 1860, and went to war as a 
private in a Vermont regiment; subseq^uently became 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



109 



LicuteiKint-C'oloiiel of a Maine regiment; was i>ro- 
nioteil to the rank of Colonel; was severely wounded 
in the battle of the Wilderness, in 1864; was then 
made a Brigadier-General ; in 1S88 w:us appointed an 
Assessor of Internal Kevonue; in 187^ a Collector of 
Internal Revenue; in 1875 was elected Governor of 
tlie State of Slaine. 

Connover, Simon B.; was born in Middlesex 
County, New Jersey, September 23. 1840; received a 
liberal education, and studied medicine; was ap- 
pointed Assistant Surgeon in the Army of the Cum- 
berland, in 18(i3. and stationed at Nashville, Tennes- 
see; after several promotions, was ordered to Lake 
City, Florida, in 18t>l>, and shortly afterwards re- 
signed his commission; was a member of the Con- 
vention which framed the State Constitution, in 18(>8; I 
was ajipointed State Treasurer; was a member of the ! 
Chicago Convention, in l><(i8; apjiointcd a member of | 
the National Republican Committee, on which he j 
served four years; was also a member of the State ] 
Executive Republican Committee; on retiring from | 
the position of State Treasurer, at the expiration of | 
his term of office, was elected to the State Legislature 
from the County of Leon, and presided over that 
body; was elected to the United States Senate for 
the term commencing in 1873 and ending in 1879, 
serving on the Committees on Naval Atl'airs, Revolu- 
tionary Claims and Transportation. 

Conrad, Charles M.; was born in Wincliester, 
Virginia, and when an inlant went, with his father, 
first to Jlississippi, and then to Louisiana, where he 
continued to reside; in 1828 was admitted to the bar 
in New Orleans; served a number of years in the 
State Legislature; was a Senator in Congress in 1842 
and 1843; was a member of the State Constitutional 
Convention in 1844; a Representative in Congress 
from Louisiana, from 1349 to August, 18.50, when he 
became Secretary of War under President Fillmore; 
served in the Southern Rebellion as a Brigadier-Gen- 
eral. 

Conrad, Frederick ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Pennsylvania, from 1803 to 1807. 

Conrad, John ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania, from 1813 to 1815. 

Constable, Albert; was born in Maryland; was 
a Presidential Elector in 1832; was a Representative 
in Congress from 1845 to 1847; elected .Judge of the 
Circuit Court of Maryland in 1851. Died in Cam- 
den, New Jersey, in September, 1855. 

Contee, Benjamin ; was a Delegate to the Con- 
tinental Congress, in 1787 and 1788; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Maryland, from 178!) to 
1791; was one of tho.se who voted for locating the 
Seat of Government on the Potxjmac. 

Converse, George L.; was born at Georgesville, 
Ohio, June 4. 1327; gradu;ited at Granville College, 
Ohio, in 1840; was admitted to the bar in 1851, and 
engaged in the practice of law at Columbus, Ohio; 
was a member of the State House of Kcpresentatives 
from 18(i0tol863; State Senator in I8(i4 and 18(i5; 
again in the lower House of the Legislature from 1873 
to 1876, serving as Speaker in 1873 and 1874; w;is 
elected a Representative from Ohio to the Forty-sixth, 
Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Converse, Julius; was born in StafTord, Con- 
necticut, in 1799; was Governor of Vermont from 1872 
to 1874. Died August 18, 1885. 

Con-way, Elias N.; was Governor of Arkansas 
for eight years, from 1860 to 1868. 



Con^way, Henry "W.; was born in Greeiio 
County, Teniu'ssce; was a Delegate to Congress from 
the Territory of Arkansas from 1823 to 1829. 

Conway, James S.; was Governor of Arkansas 
from ls:!(i to l-^lil, having been the tirst elected under 
the State Coustitution. 

Comvay, Martin F.; was born in Cliarleston, 
South Carolina, about the year 1830; removed to 
Baltimore in his fourteenth year; was bred a ))rinter, 
followed that business for a time, and took part in 
originating the National Typographical Union; 
studied law and practiced tor several years; went to 
Kans;is in 1854; was elected to the Council of the tirst 
Territorial Legislatui'e ; under the Topeka Convention 
was chosen Chief Justice of the Supreme Court; in 
1856 was President of the Leavenworth Consti- 
tutional Convention; in 1859 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Kansas to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Indian' Affairs; 
subsequently settled in Washington City. Died 
February 17, 1882. 

Cony, Samuel ; was born in Augusta, Maine, 
February 27, 1811; graduated at Brown University in 
1829; began the practice of law in 1832; was a mem- 
ber of the Maine Legislature in 1835 and 1862; mem- 
ber of the Council in 1839; Judge of Probate from 
1840 to 1847; State Treasurer from 1850 to 1855; 
Mavorof Augusta in 1854; Governor of Maine from 
1864 to 1867. Died in Augusta, September 5, 1870. 

Cook, Biui;on C; was born in Monroe County, 
New York, May 11, 1819; received a collegiate edu- 
cation; adopted the ijrofession of the law; was elected 
State .Attorney for the Ninth Circuit in 1846, for two 
years; was re-elected, in 1848, for four years; was a 
member of the State Senate from 1852 to 1860; in 
1864 was elected a Representative from Illinois to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on the Judiciary; rc-<^lectcd to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Elections and 
the Niagara Ship Canal, and as Cliairman of the Com- 
mitte on Roads and Canals; re-elected to the Forty- 
lii-st Congress and made Chairman of the District of 
Columbia and Judiciary Committees. 

Cook, Daniel P.; was born in Scott County, 
Kentucky; was a Representative in Congress from 
Illinois fiom 1820 to 1827, and discharged with great 
abilitj- his duties as a member of the Committee of 
Ways and Means. By such men as Jlr. Calhoun and 
.Judge McLean be was considered a man of remarkable 
talents; died at the age of thu'ty-two years, in Octo- 
ber, 1827. 

Cook, John C; was born in Seneca County, Ohio, 
December 26, 1846; received a common school edu- 
cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar inlM67, 
and engaged in the practice of law; settled in Iowa; 
in 1878 was elected Judge of the Sixth Judicial Dis- 
tri(^t; successfully contested the seat of M. E. Cutts 
and was declared duly elected a Representative from 
Iowa to the Forty-seventh Congress; was elected to 
till the vacancy in the Forty-eighth Congress caused by 
the death of M. E. Cutts. 

Cook, John P.; was born in New York; on tak- 
ing up bis residence in Iowa, was elected a Represent>- 
ative in Congress from that State from 1853 to 1855. 

Cook, Orchard ; was a merchant by occupation, 
and for some years Sheriff of Lincoln County, Miussa- 
chusetts; was a Representative in Congress from Mas- 
sachusetts from 1805 to 1811. 



110 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Cook, Philip ; ^vas born in Twiggs County, Geor- 
gia, July 31, 1817; educated at OgelthorpeUnivei-sity; 
jead la^v• at the University of Virginia; was elected to 
the State Senate in 1859,'l8t)0, and 1863; entered the 
■Contederate service in April, 1861, as a private, and 
Tose to be Brigadier-General; was a member of the 
State Convention of 1865; was elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, but not allowed to take liis seat; «a.s 
•elected to the Forty-third and Fnrty-foiirtli Con- 
gresses, serving on the Committee on the Militia; was 
re-elected to the Forty-tifth, Forty-sixth and Forty- 
seventh Congresses. 

Cook, Zadock ; was born in 1769; was frequently 
in tile Legislature of Georgia; was a Representative 
in Congress from 1817 to 1819; his memory is said to 
Iiave been remarkable, as he could, after reading a 
chapter in the Bible, repeat the same from beginning 
to end. 

Cooke, Bate ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Xew York from 1831 to 1833; from 1839 to 1841 
held the office of Comptroller of Xew York, and was 
also Bank Commissioner in 1840. Died in 1841. 

Cooke, Eleutheros; was born in Granville, 
^Vashingtiin County, New Y'ork, December 25, 1787; 
received a liberal education, and, having studied law, 
practiced with success both in New York and Ohio 
until 1830; was a Representative in Congress from 
Ohio from 1831 to 1833; served for many years in the 
Legislature of that State, before and after entering 
Congress, and thotigh ostensibly living in retirement, 
was for many years very frequently called upon to 
address the citizens of Ohio on topics of a varied na- 
ture, on account of his popularity as an orator. Died 
at Sandusky, Ohio, December 27, 1865. He was the 
father of the distinguished bankers, Jay, Pitt, and 
Henry D. Cooke. 

Cooke, Henry D.; was born in Sandusky City, 
Ohio, November 23, 1825; graduated at Tran.sylvania 
University, Kentucky, in 1844; studied law at home 
and in Philadelphia, but soon turned his attention to 
writing for the press; in 1847 sailed to Valparaiso, in 
Chili, as an allache to the American Consiil there ; the 
ship in which he sailed was ^wecked oft" the Bermu- 
das, but, reaching St. Thomas in safety, he continued 
his journey across Panama; while detained at St. 
Thomas, the idea of a steamship line from New Y'ork 
to California, by way of Panama, was suggested to 
iim, and he wrote on the subject to the Philadelphia 
United States Gazette and the New York Courier and 
Enquirer: this correspondence was transmitted to the 
Department of State by the Consul, W. G. Moorhead, 
and thus in about two years the Pacific Jlail Steam- 
sMp Company was organized; Mr. Cooke subsequently 
resided in California; had much to do with the ship- 
ping of the Pacific; was the first to announce, through 
a dispatch from the Military Go%ernor of California 
to Washington, the discovery of gold in the Sacra- 
mento Valley; after meeting with misfortunes in Cali- 
fornia, retunu'd to the East, and was a.ssoeiated ivith 
the United Slaie.'s Gatjeite, Sandusky Eef/ister, and the 
Ohio State Journal; was a I'residential Elector in 
1856; in 1861 became a partner in the house of Jay 
Cooke & Co. ; fi-equently visited Europe on business; 
in 1870 was appointed the first Governor of the Dis- 
trict of Columbia, which office he resigned in 1873; 
was a resident of Georgetown for more than fifteen 
years, and, besides building a Mission Church in that 
city, gave twenty thousand dollars towards re-building 
a second Episcopal Clnrrch in the same place; his 
other gifts for the public benefit have been large and 
frequent; he was the son of Eleutheros Cooke, a dis- 
tinguished orator and Congressman, and brother of 
Jay Cooke, the eminent financier. 



Cooke, Joseph P.; was born in 1730; graduated 
at Y'ale College in 1750; was a Delegate from Con- 
necticut to the Continental Congress from 1784 to 
1788. Died at Danburi', Connecticut, in 1816. 

Cooke, Nicholas ; was born in Providence^ 
Rhode Island, February 3, 1717; was Deput/- 
tiovernor of the State from May to October, 1775; 
Governor from that date to May, 1778. "He merited 
and won the approbation of his fellow-citizens, and 
was honored with the friendship and confidence of 
\Vashiugt(m." Such is the inscription on his monu- 
ment. Died in Providence, September 14, 1782. 

Cooke, Thomas Burrage ; was born in North- 
ford, Connecticut, in 1780; prepared himself for 
Y'ale College, but ill-health prevented his entrance; 
removed to Catskill. New Y'ork, about the beginning 
of the century; studied law, and became a Judge of 
the Court of Common Pleas; was a Representative 
in Congress from New Y'ork from 1811 to 1813; was 
an intimate friend of De Witt Clinton, and served in 
the New Y'ork Legislature in 1838 and 1839; was lor 
many years President of the Catskill Bank, and was 
one of the earliest projector's of railroads in this 
country; when in Congress, he made a large and val- 
uable collection of papers and documents, wliich 
were destroyed when the Capitol was burned. Died 
in Catskill. 

Cooley, Dennis N.; was born in New Hamp- 
shire; in 1865 was appointed from Iowa Commis- 
sioner of Indian Affairs, remaining in office only a 
little more than one year. 

Cooley, James ; was a citizen of Penn.sylvania; 
in 1826 was appointed Charge d' Affaires to Peru, 
where he died February 24, 1828. 

Coolidge, Carlos ; was born in Windsor, Ver- 
mont, in 1792; graduated at Middlebury College in 
1811; practiced law in Windsor fifty-two years; was 
.State Attorney for the County fi-om 1831 to 1836; 
Representative from 1834 to 1837, and from 1839 to 
1842; was Speaker in 1836, and during the last term; 
Governor of Vermont from 1849 to 1851; was a State 
Senator from 1855 to 1857; received the degree of 
LL.D., fi-om Middlebury College in 1849. Died at 
Windsor, August 15, 1866. 

Cooper, David ; was an early emigrant to Min- 
nesota; in 1850 was appointed a Judge of the United 
States Court for that District. 

Cooper, Edmtind ; was born in Franklin, Wil- 
liams Cotmty, Tenne.ssee, September 11, 1821; grad- 
uated at . I ackson College in 1839; read law and at- 
tended lectures at Harvard University; settled in 
the practice of his profession in Bedford County; in 
1849 was elected to the Tennessee Legislature; was 
elected a "Union Delegate" to the State Convention 
proposed in 1861; was again elected to the State 
Legislature in 1865, but resigned on being elected a 
Representative trom Tennessee to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, taking his seat near the close of the first 
session, and serving on the Committees on the Mur- 
ders in South Carolina and on Territories; in Novem- 
ber, 1867, was appointed Assistant Secretary of the 
Treasury. 

Cooper, George B.; was born at Long Hill, 
Morris County, New Jersey, June 6, 1808; received 
a good common school education; removed to Michi- 
gan in 1830; served in the two houses of the State 
Legislature; served two terms as State Treasurer of 
Jliehigan ; held the position of Postmaster at Jackson 
for eleven years, which he resigned when chosen 
Treasurer; was elected a Representative from Michi- 



BIOGRAPHICAL AXXALS. 



Ill 



gan to the Thirty-sixth Congress; his seat Avas con- 
tested by William A. Howard, and before the close 
of the firet session the latter was admitted. 

Cooper, Henry; was horn in Columbia, Ten- 
nessee, August 22, 1827; graduated at Jackson Col- 
lege August 11, 1847; studied law at Shelbyville and 
■was admitted to the bar in 184!); was elected to the 
State Legislature in 1853 and 1857; in 1862 ap- 
pointed Judge of the Seventh Judicial Circuit of 
Tennessee; resigned in 180G; was chosen Professor in 
the Law School at Lebanon, Tennessee, in 1866, and 
resigned in 1867, when he removed to Nashville; was 
elected to the State Senate in 1869 and 1870; was 
elected to the United States Senate for the term end- 
ing in 1877, serving on several Committees. 

Cooper, James ; was born in Frederick County, 
Maryland, iAIay 8, 1810; commenced his education at 
the common schools of the county, spent some time 
at St. Mary's College, and graduated at Washington 
College, Pennsylvania; .studied law, and was admit- 
ted to the bar in Pennsylvania in 1834; was elected a 
Eepresentative in Congress from Pennsylvania in 
1838, and re-elected in 181U; in 1843 was elected to 
the State Legislature, and re-elected in 1844, 1846, 
and 1848, servongas Speaker in 1847; in 1848 wsis ap- 
pointed Attorney-General of Pennsylvania; in 1849 
was chosen a Senator in Congress for the term of six 
years; during his service in Congress his health was 
feeble, so that he could not participate in the debates 
of the Senate to the ext<'nt that he desired; on his 
return to Pennsylvania he settled in Philadelphia, 
and subsequently in Frcdiirick, Maryland; afterwards 
became a Brigadier-General in the army. Died at 
Columbus, Ohio, March 28, 1863. 

Cooper, John ; was a Delegate from New Jersey 
to tlif! Continental Congress in 1776. 

Cooper, Mark A.; was born in Georgia; was a 
Eej)resentative in Congress from that State trom 1839 
to 1813. 

Cooper, Richard M.; was born in Gloucester 
County, New Jersey; was a member of the Society of 
Friends ; was a Kepresentati\ e in Congress from New 
Jersey from 18i9 to 1833; served in the Legislature; 
was President of the State Bank at Camden. Died 
March 10, 1844, aged seventy-six years. 

Cooper, Thomas ; was a Eepresentative in 
Congress from Delaware from 1813 to 1817. 

Cooper, Thomas B.; was born in Coopersfown, 
Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, December 29, 1823; 
was educated at Pennsylvania College, at Gettysburg, 
and also at the University of Pennsylvania, where he 
graduated in 1843; adopted the profession ofajihy- 
sician, and was successful therein; was elected a 
Eepresentative in Congress from Pennsylvania, for 
the term ending in 1863. Died at Cooperstown, Ajjril 
4, 1862, during the second session of the Thirty- 
seventh Congi'ess. 

Cooper, "William; was born in New .Tcrsey; re- 
moved to Otsego County, New York; became- tlie 
founder of Cooperstown; was a Kopresentative in 
Congress from New York from 1795 to 1797, and 
again from 1799 to 1801 ; was th<' father of the emi- 
nent author, James Fenimore Cooper. 

Cooper, William B.; was a native of Delaware; 
wa.s Governor of the State from 1840 to 1844. Died 
April 27, 1849. 

Cooper, William C; was Iwrn at Alount Ver- 
non, Ohio, December 18, 1832; was educated in the 
public schools and at Jlount Vernon Academy; stud- 



ied law and was admitted to the bar; engaged in the 
practice of law in his native town; was Pro.secuting 
Attorney for Jlount Vernon from 1859 to 1863; was 
Mayor of Jlount Vernon from 1862 to 1864; was a 
Ee])resentati\e in the State Legislature from 1872 to 
1874; was Judge- Advocate-Genera! of Ohio from 1879 
to 1884; in 1881 became a member of the Board of 
Education of the city of Moimt Vernon, Ohio, and, 
in 1882, was elected President of the Board; in 1684 
was elected a Eepresentative from Ohio to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Cooper, W. R.; was a Eepresentative in Con- 
gress liom New Jersey from 1839 to 1841. 

Corbett, Henry W.; was born in Westborongh, 
Massachusetts, February 18, 1827: when quite young 
removed to ^\■asbington County, New York; was edu- 
cated chiefly at the Cambridge Academy, in that 
county; when sixteen years of age removed to New 
York City, where he remained nearly eight .>ears, en- 
gaged in mercantile pursuits; in 1850 shipjied a stock 
of goods to Portland, in Oregon, and removed to that 
Territory in the following year; took an active part 
in politics, and was identified with the organization 
of the Republican and Union parties in the .State: was 
a Delegate from Oregon to the Cliicago Coinention 
which nomiiuitcd Abraham Lincoln (or the Presi- 
dency; in 1866 was elected a Senator in Congress from 
Oregon for the term commencing in 1867 and endin<» 
in 1873, serving on the Committees on Commerce, 
Indian Affairs, and District of Columbia. 

Corlett, William W.; was born in Concord, 
Ohio, April 10, 1842; received an academic educa- 
tion; studied law, graduating at Union Law College, 
Cleveland, Ohio, in 1866; was admitted to the bar in 
the same year and commenced practice; was ap- 
pointed Postmasterat Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory, 
in 1870; was a member of the Council in the Terri- 
torial A.ssembly in 1871; was elected Prosecuting 
Attorney for Laramie County in 1872, 1873 and 1875: 
was elected a Delegate from the Territory of Wyom- 
ing to the Fort\'-lifth Congress. 

Corley, Simeon; was born in Lexington, South 
Carolina: received an English education; was ajipren- 
ticed to a tailor; early took part in ])olitics as an 
anti-slavei-y man; was officially connected with one 
or two religious societies; edited a tenii)erance |)ai)er 
for two years, and was a writer for other Journals: 
was conscripted into the Confederate Army during 
the Rebellion; was a Delegate to the Eeconstru('tioii 
Constitutional Convention of South Carolina; was 
elected a Eepresentative from South Carolina to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committee on the 
State Department; his unsuccessful oi)ponent lor 
Congress was his commander in the Confederate 
Army. 

Cornell, Alonzo B.; was born at Ithaca, New- 
York. January 22, 1832; was the son of Hon. ]>,ra 
Cornell, one of the pioue<'rs in Telegraphy in the 
United States, and the Ibuuderof theCornelf Univer- 
sity; received an academic education; at the age of 
lifteeu became a Telegraphic Operator, and continued 
thereafter to be connected with telc-grapby; was a 
nuauber of the Eepublican State Commi(tc(! from 
1866 to 1879, and was Chairman of the Committee for 
eight years; was an unsuccessful C4indidate lor 
Ijifmtenant-Governor in 1868; in that year was 
elected a Director of the Western Union 'filegr:iph 
('om])any, and continued in that position; was Vice- 
President of tlie company, from 1870 to lr^76, acting 
as President in 1875; in 1869 was appointed, by 
President Grant. Surveyor of Customs lor the port of 
New York; resigned in 1872 to accept a seat in the 



112 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



State House of Representatives, to which he had 
been elected; was accorded the unusual honor of 
being elected Speaker of the House during his first 
term ; in 1870 was appointed Assistant Treasurer of 
the United States at New York, but declined the 
position; was a member of the Republican National 
Committee in 1876, and of the Republican National 
Conventions of 1876 and 188U; was Naval Oflicer of 
Customs for the port of New York in 1877 and 1878; 
was a Trustee of Cornell University from its founda- 
tion, and President of Cornell Library Association; 
was Governor of New York from 1880 to 1883. 

Cornell, Thomas ; was born at White Plains, 
Westchester County, New Y^ork, .January 27, 1814; 
received a common school education; engaged in the 
business of trau.sportation and banking; in 1866 was 
elected a Representative fi-om New York to the For- 
tieth Congress, serving on the Committees on Koads 
and Canals and Education and Labor; in 1880 was 
elected to the Forty-seventh Congress. 

Coming', Erastus ; was born in Norwich, Con- 
necticut, December 14, 1794; when thirteen years of 
age went to Troy, New York, and entered the hard- 
ware store of his uncle, Benjamin Smith, the bulk of 
whose property he subsequently inherited; in 1814 
removed to Albany, and contiuueil in the same busi- 
ness, establishing the well-known hovLse, still in ex- 
istence, of Erastus Corning & Co. ; his first public po- 
sition was that of Alderman of the City of Albany; 
from that he was promoted to Slaj'or, which otfice he 
held for three years; was also, lor several years, an 
influential Railroad, Bank, and Canal Company 
President; for several terms a member of the State 
Legislature; was elected a Representative to the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Kaval Affairs ; in 1860 was elected to the Thirty -seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Ways and 
Means; Avas also a member of the Peace Congress of 
1661; re-elected in 1862 to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, but resigned on account of his health; in 1833 
was a Regent of the University of New Y'ork; was a 
Delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 
1867. Died April 9, 1872. 

Cor'win, Franklin ; was bom in Lebanon, Ohio, 
.January 12, 1818; studied law, and came to the bar 
ui 183U; served several years in the State Legislature 
of Oh.io, part of the time in the Senate; removed to 
Illinois in 1S.')7; was elected to the Legi-slature of 
that State, serving two years as Speaker; was elected 
to the Forty -third Congress, serving on the Committee 
on the Pacific Railroad. 

Cor-win, Moses B.; was born in Bourbon County, 
Kentucky, .January 5, 1790; spent his boyhood on a 
farm in Ohio; received a good education; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1812; in 1838 and 
1839 was elected to the Legislature; w as a Represent- 
ative in Congress from Ohio, from 1849 to 1851, arid 
fiom 1853 to 1855, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on the Post Office Department. He was the 
brother of Thomas Corwin. Died at Urbana, April 
7, 1872. 

Corwin, Thomas ; was born in Bourbon County, 
Kentucky, July 29, 1794; rising from humble life, 
he became distinguished as a lawyer, having come to 
the bar in 1817; was elected to the Ohio Legislature 
in 1822, and a Representative to Congress from the 
Warren District, in 1831, in which position he con- 
tinued until 1840; was chosen Governor of Ohio in 
October of that year; was a Presidential Elector in 
1844; was Governor but two years, Wilson Shannon 
succeeding him in 1842; the Whigs having a major- 
ity in the Legislatuje of Ohio in 1845, elected him a 



United States Senator, which office he held until his 
appointment in the Cabinet, in 1850, as Secretary of 
the Treasury, under President Fillmore; was long 
known in Congress as an advocate of the Whig meas- 
ures of policy; as a stump speaker and before a jury, 
his eloquence was singularly effective; in October, 
1858, was elected a Representative in Congress from 
Ohio, for the term commencing in 1859; during that 
year a volume of his Speeches was published; was 
Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and 
of the Special Committee of Thirty-three on the Re- 
bellious States in the Thirty -sixth Congress; re-elected 
to the Thirty-se\enth Congress, but in 1861 was ap- 
pointed, by President Lincoln, Minister to Jlexico; 
after his return from Mexico resided in Washington, 
where he died December 18, 1865. His Life and 
Speeches were published in 1859, edited by Isaac 
Strohm. 

Cosgrove, John ; was boin at Alexandria, Jef- 
ferson County, New Y'ork, September 12, 1839; was 
educated in the public and private schools of his na- 
tive county; early in 1859 went to Pike's Peak, Col- 
orado, in search of gold, returning to New York the 
same year; taught school until 1861, when he began 
the study of the law; was a<imitted to the bar at 
Watertowu, New York, in 1863, and commenced 
practice there; in 1865 removed to Boonville, Mis- 
souri, and engaged in the practice of his profession ; 
was twice elected City Attorney ; in 1872 was elected 
Prosecuting Attorney of Cooper County; was a Dele- 
gate to the Democratic National Conventions of 1872 
and 1880; was elected a Itepresentative from Missouri 
to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Cotteral, J. L. T.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Alabama, from 1846 to 1847. 

Cottman, Joseph S.; was born in Somerset 
County, Maryland, August 16, 1803; received a clas- 
sical education; was admitted to the bar in 1826; 
served in the Maryland Legislature; was a Presiden- 
tial Elector in 1849; was a member of Congress from 
1851 to 1853. Died in Somerset County, Maryland, 
in 1863. 

Cotton, Aylett R.; was born in Austintown, 
Ohio, November 29, 1826; removed to Iowa in 1844; 
was a student at Allegheny College, Pennsylvania, 
in 1845; taught school in Fayette County, Tennessee, 
in 1846; studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in Clint»n County, Iowa, in 1848; cros.sed the Plains 
to California in 1849, and returned to Iowa in 1851 ; 
was ajjpointed Judge of Clinton County in 1851 ; was 
Prosecuting Attorney of the same county in 1854; a 
member of the State Constitutional Convention in 
1857; was a member of the State Legislature in 1868 
and 1870, serving as Speaker; was elected to the 
Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses, serving on 
the Committees on Freedmen's Afl'airs and the Dis- 
trict of Columbia. 

Coulter, Richard; attained eminence as a law- 
yer; was a Representative in Congress from Penn- 
sylvania from 1827 to 1835. Died in Westmoreland 
County, Pennsylvania, April 21, 1852; at the time of 
his death was Judge of the Supreme Court of Penn- 
sylvania. 

Covert, James W.; was born at Oyster Bay, 
New Y'ork, September 2, 1842; studied law; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1863 and began to practice at 
Flushing, Long Island; in 1867 was elected School 
Commissioner and served three years, at the same 
time acting as Assistant District Attorney of his 
county; was Surrogate of Queen's County li-om 1870 
to 1874; was elected a Representative from New 
York to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses. 




State, War and Navy Departments Building, 

washington. 




Treasury Department Building, 
washington. 



B 1 (i K A 1' H U; A L A N N A L S . 



113 



Covington, George W.; was bora iu Berlin, 
Maryland, Septt-uibi-r I'i, 1838; received an academic 
education; adopted tlui profession of the law; was a 
member of the State Constitntional Convention of 
1867; was elected a Representative Iron) Maryland to 
the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Coving'ton, Leonard ; was boru at Aquasco, 
Prince George County. Maryland, October 30, 17b'8; 
in 1793 obtained from General Washington the com- 
mission of Lieutenant of Dragoons, and joined the 
army under General Wayne; distinguished himself 
at Fort Recovery, and the battle of Miami, and was 
lionorably mentioned in the official report of General 
"Wayne; after the war was promoted to the rank of 
Captain, by Washington, in 1794, and retired to the 
pursuits of agriculture; was for many years a mem- 
ber of the Legislature of Maryland; was elected a 
Representative in Congress, from that State, from 
18U.5 to 1807; in 1809 was appointed, by President 
Jetferson, Lieutenant-Colonel of a regiment of cavalry ; 
in 1810 was in command at Fort Adams, on the Mis- 
sissippi, and took jiossession of Baton Rouge, and a 
portion of West Florida: iu 1813 was ordered to the 
Northern frontier, and appointed, by President Mad- 
ison, Brigadier-General; at the battle of Williams- 
burg received a mortal wound while leading his men 
in a charge, and died at French Mills, October 13, 
1813, two days after )iis fall; his remains were re- 
moved to Sackett's Harbor, August 13, 1820, and the 
place of his burial is now known as Mount Covington. 
He had the reputation of being one of the best oflieers 
in the service. 

Covode, John; was born in Westmoreland 
Countj-, Pennsylvania, March 17, 1808; was a farmer 
and manufacturer by occupation, and extensively 
engaged in the coal business; was elected, from 
Pennsylvania, a Rcjuesentative to the Thirty-fourth 
Congress, and re-elected to tlie Thirty-fifth Congress, 
.serving on the Committee on Public Expenditures: 
was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, and was 
made Chairman of a special committee appointed to 
investigate certain charges made against President 
Buchanan and his administration; re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Public Expenditures; was a Delegate 
to the Philadcli)hia '"Loyalists' Convention'' 
of 1866; also elected to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on the Pacitic Railroad, 
and Chairman of that on Public Buildings and 
Grounds; in 1869 was made Chairman of the Repub- 
lican State Committee. Died at Harrisburg, Penn- 
sylvania, January 11, 1871. 

Co'wan, Edgar; was born in Westqioreland 
County, Pennsylvania, September 19, 1815; after 
spending one year at Franklin ('oUege, Ohio, gradu- 
ated at that institution in 1839; while yet a mere boy 
was thrown ui)iin his own resources for a support, 
and until 1842 Ibllowed various employments; having 
been a clerk, boat builder, school master, and a 
.student of medicine; .subsequently studied law, and 
jjrat'ticed the i)rofession until 1861, «hen he was 
chosen a Senator in Congress, from Pennsylvania, lor 
the term ending iu 18(i7, serving on the Committees 
on the .Judiciary and Enrolled Bills, and as Chairman 
of the Committee on Patents and the Patent Otlice.and 
thoseon Finance and ,\griculture: was also a mi>inber 
(if the XatioiuU Commit tee appointed to aecomiiany the 
remains of Presi<l<'nt Lincoln to Illinois; in ISOIl was 
a Presidential Elector; was a Delegate to the Phila- 
delphia "National Union Convention " of 18()6: in 
January, 1867, was nominated, by President Jolni- 
son. Minister to Austria, but was not confirmed. 
Died August 29, 188.5. 
8 



Co'wan, Jacob P.; was born in Florence, Wa.sli- 
ington County, l'enn.sylvauia, JIarch 20, 1823; re- 
ceived a common school education at that place, and 
in Steulienville, Ohio; graduated at the Starling 
Medical College in Columbus, Oliio; from 185,5 to 
1859 was a member of the State Legislature; prac- 
ticed his )>rofession, but became a dealer in real estate 
and Pre.sident of a private liank; in 1874 wasele<-ted 
a Representative, from Ohio, to the Forty-fourth 
Congress; in December, 1875, was appointed Chair- 
man of the Committee on Militia. 

Co'wen, Benjamin Rush ; was born in Moor- 
field, Harrison County, Ohio, August 15, 1831; .son of 
B. S. Cow en, fornu'rly a Representative in Congress; 
was educated at the St. Clairsville Institute; .studied 
medicine, but never practiced; was a practical printer 
and publisher for ten years; was a Delegate to tho 
Republican National Convention of 1856; was chosen 
Chief Clerk of the Ohio House of Representatives in 
1860; at the commencement of the Rebellion in 1861 
enlisted iu tlie Volunteer Army, and became an ad- 
ditional paymaster, serving under McClellan and 
Roseerans; in the same year was elected Secretary of 
State, but resigned in 1862; was appointed Adjutant- 
General of Ohio in 1864, and served as such lor four 
years, receiving three brevets; was also an Inspector 
of Military Prisons; subsequently went into the iron 
and coal business at Bellaire; was a Delegate to the 
National Philadelphia Convention of 1866, and the 
Chicago Cimvention of 1868, of which he w;is Secre- 
tary; in 1871 was appointed Assistant Secretary of 
the Interior Department; was also a leading member 
of the Republican Committee of Ohio, and Chairman 
of the State Committee. 

Co'wen, Benjamin Sprague; was born in 

Washington County, New York, September 27, 1793; 
was reared on a farm, and self-educated; taught 
school; studied medicine; served as a soldier in the 
War of 1812; removed to Ohio in 1820; practiced 
medicine for a time; came to the bar in 1829; was 
editor of a newspaper from 1836 to 1840; Delegate to 
the Harrisburg Convention in 1839; was elected a 
Repre-sentativc iu Congress in 1840, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Claims, and was the mover 
of the One Hour rule; was again elected to Congress 
in 1844, and was Chairman of the Committee on 
Finance; secured the jiassage of the resolution in tlio 
Ohio Legislature, in favor of expunging the resolu- 
tion of censure of John Quincy .\dams: from 1841 
was President Judge of the Court of Common Pleas; 
during the Rebellion assisted tlie Government with 
zeal in various capacities; was for many years Presi- 
dent of a local Bible Society. Died at St. (,'lairsville, 
Ohio, September 27, 1869. His son, B. R. Cowen was 
Assistant .Secretary of the Interior Di'partment, anil 
the eminent jurist and author, Esek Cowen was his 
brother. 

Co'Wgill, Calvin ; was born in Clinton County, 
Ohio, .lanuarj- 7, 1819; was cdocafed at the common 
schools and by private tutors; removed, with his 
parents, to Indiana, inJ^iO; studied law; removed 
to Wabash County, Indiana, in 1846, and practiced 
his jn'ofession ; was a Representative in the State 
Legislature in 18.31; wasCcmnty Treasurer from 18.55 
to 1859; was Provost-Marshal from 1862 to ls;;5; 
again in the Legislature during the special session in 
1865; was elected a Representative iiom Indiana to 
the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Co'wles, George "W.; was elected a Rejire- 
sentative from New York to the Fort\-first Congress, 
serving on the Committees on the District of Colum- 
bia and the Navy Department. 



114 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Ccwles, Henry B.; was born at Hartford, Con- 
necticut. Jlarch 18, 1798; when eleven years of age 
removed to Dutchess County, New York, with his 
father; graduated at Union College in 1816; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1819; in 1826, 
1827, and 1828, served as a member of the New York 
Legislature from Putnam County, and during his 
first term was Chairman of the Select Committee 
raised to investigate the " Astor claim;" was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from New York from 1829 to 
1831; in 1834 took up his residence in the city of New 
York, where he continued in the practice of his pro- 
fession. 

Co"wles, "W. H. H.; was born at Hamptonville, 
North Carolina, April 22, 1840; was educated at home 
and in the common schools and academies of his 
native county; enlisted in the Confederate Army, in 
1861, and was elected First Lieutenant on the or- 
ganization of his regiment; served throughout the 
war, rising to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, and 
being twice severely wounded; in 1866 commenced 
the study of the law; in January, 1667, was admit- 
ted to the bar of the County Court, and a year later 
to that of the Superior Comt of Yadkin County, 
North Carolina; removed to Wilkcsborough, North 
Carolina, and entered upon the practice of law; was 
Reading Clerk of the Senate of North Carolina from 
1872 to 1874; in the latter year was elected Solicitor 
of the Tenth Judicial District of the State, in which 
position he served four years; was a member of the 
Democratic State Executive Committee for eight 
years; in 1882 was an unsuccessful candidate for 
member of the State Assembly; in 1884 was elected 
a Representative from North Carolina to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Cox, Christopher C; was born in Baltimore, 
Maryland, August 16, 1816; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1835; received a master's degree in 1838; was 
made a Doctor of Laws by Trinity College in 1867; 
was appointed Commissioner of Pensions in 1868; a 
member of the Board of Health in 1871, acting as 
President of the Board for several years ; his special 
line of study was medicine, and he practiced both as 
a physician and a surgeon ; was for one year a Pro- 
fessor in one of the Philadelphia colleges; served as 
President of a medical society; as a Sm-geon in the 
army during the Rebellion; was Surgeon-General of 
the State of Maryland ; before the close of the war 
■was elected Lieutenant-Governor of Maryland. 

Cox, Jacob Dolson; was born, of American 

parents, in Montreal, Canada, October 27, 1828 ; 
spent his boyhood in the city of New York, and re- 
moved to Ohio in 1846; was educated at Oberlin Col- 
lege, where he graduated in 1851; studied law and 
came to the bar in 1853; was elected to the State 
Senate in 1859; during the earlier .stage of the Rebel- 
lion, while holding a State commission, he took an 
active and important part in raising troops lor the 
war, and was, in May, 1861, appointed a Brigadier- 
General of Ohio Volunteers; as such was in the bat- 
tles of Gauley Bridge, South Jlountain, and Antie- 
tam, where he acquitted himself with distinction, and 
for which services he was promoted to the rank of 
Major-General ; subsequently joined General Sher- 
man with the Ai-my of the Ohio; had command of 
an important di\ision, and won fresh honors in the 
campaign against Atlanta, and in the campaign of 
Franklin and Nashville; after the war resigned his 
commission in the army, and entered ujwn the prac- 
tice of law in Cincinnati; was chosen Governor of 
Ohio for the years 1866 and 1867; declined the office 
of Commissioner of Internal Revenue, tendered him 
by President Johnson in 1868; on March 5, 1869, was 



appointed Secretary of the Interior Department, but 
only remained in office about one year; was elected a 
Representative from Ohio to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Cox, Jaraes ; was born in Monmouth County, 
New Jersey, in 1753; was, for several years, a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature, and Speaker of the As- 
sembly; commanded a company of mOitia in the 
Revolution, having been engaged in the battles of 
Germantown and Monmouth; was subsequently a 
Brigadier-General of Militia; was a Representative 
in Congress from New Jersey during the years 1809 
and 1810. Died September 12, 1810. 

Cox, Leander M.; was born in Virginia; re- 
moving to Kentucky, was elected a Representative 
from that State to the Tliirty-third and Thirty-fourth 
Congresses; served as a Captain in the Mexican*War; 
was Grand Master of the Order of Free Masons in 
1843, and a Presidential Elector in 1853. 

Cox, Samuel S.; was bom in Zanesville, Ohio, 

September 30, 1824; graduated at Brown University 
in 1846; adopted the profession of the law, and was 
also an editor, in Ohio, of the Columbus Statcsmoii; 
was appointed Secretary of Legation to Pern in 1855; 
was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty- 
fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Revolutionary Claims; as 
an author, published a book of foreign travel, called 
"The Buckeye Abroad," and on literary topics is an 
occasional lecturer; was elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Foreign Af- 
fairs, and was re-elected to the Thirty -eighth Congress, 
serving on the same committee; was a Regent of the 
Smitlisoniau Institution, to serve until December, 
1865; a delegate to the Chicago Convention in 1864 ; i 
on his retirement from Congress, settled in the city 
of New York; in 1865 published a political work en- 
titled "Eight Years in Congress;" was a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia "National Union Convention " 
of 1866, and the New York Convention of 1868; fioni 
New York was returned to the Forty-first C'ongre,s.-i, 
and re-elected to the three subsequent Congresses, 
serving on the Committees on Foreign Affairs, Bank- 
ing, the Centennial, and Rules; at the opening of the 
first session of the Forty-fourth Congress, was one of 
the three candidates for the Speakership, but M. C. 
Kerr was the successful competitor; in 1869 visited 
Europe for his health, and published a successful 
work, entitled "A Search lor T/inter Sunbeams;" 
in December, 1875, was appointed Chairman of the 
Committee on Banking and Currency; was elected 
Speaker pro tern, of the House in June, 1876; was re- 
elected to the Forty- tifth. Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, 
and Forty-eighth Congresses; in March, 1885, was 
appointed, by President Cleveland, United States 
Minister to Turkey. 

Cox, Walters.; was born at Georgetown, Dis- 
trict of Columbia, October 25, 1826; attended private 
schools until his twelfth year, when he entered 
Georgetown College; graduated therefrom in 1843, in 
his seventeenth year; studied law with his fatherand 
at the Law School of Harvard University; graduated 
from Harvard in 1847; was admitted to the bar the 
same year, on his twenty-first birthday, and engaged 
in practice in his native city; upon' the decease of his 
father, in 1848, succeeded to his practice and became 
very successful in his profession; in 1879 was ap- 
pointed an Associate Justice of the Supreme Couit 
of the District of Columbia. 

Cox, ■William Riiffln; was born in Scotland 
Neck, North Carolina; removed to Tennessee; grad- 
uated at Franklin College; studied law at Lebanon 
Law School ; received the degree of Bachelor of Laws 



BIOGRAPHICAL AXNALS. 



115 



from that institution, and engaged in the practice of 
Jaw at ^asliville. Tennessee, returned to his native 
btate and engaged in planting; served in the Confed- 
€rate Army during the war of the Rebellion, rising 
from the rank of Major to that of Brigadier-Generall 
at the close ot the war resumed the practice of law at 
Raleigh, North Carolina; was Solicitor of the Metro- 
politan District for six years; Judge of the Supreme 
(onrt for the same district for several years ; aTrustce 
ot the University of the South; was a Delegate to the 
Democratic National Con-sention of 1868; was Chair- 
man of the Democratic State Committee; was elected 
a Representative from North Carolina to the Forty- 
seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses; was re-elected 
to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Csxe, Alfred C; was born at Auburn, New 
York; was graduated from Hamilton College in 18G8 
was admitted to the bar the same year, and en^ao-ed 
in the practice of law at Utica, New York; in''l882 
was appointed United States District Judge for the 
Northern District of New York, his grandfather 
Honorable Altred Conkling having formerly held the 
same position. 

_^Coxe, Tench ; was born in Philadelphia, May 22, 
175,t; became a partner in business with his'fatherTii 
1776; was a Commissioner to the Federal Convention 

it Annapolis in 1786; was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress in 1788; was Assistant Secretary of 
the Treasury in 1790; Commissioner of the Revenue 
in 1792; Purveyor of the Public Supplies from 1803 
to 1812; his sympathies were on the side of En^dand 
during the Revolution; he published several valuable 
^vorks on the Commerce and Manufactures of the 
United States. Died in Philadelphia July 17, 1824. 

Coxe, ■William ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New Jersey from 1813 to 1815; served in 
the State Legislature, and was chosen Speaker of the 
Assembly. Died in Burlington. 

Cozzens, William C; was elected Lieutenant- 
Oovernorof Rhode Island in 1862; soon afterwards 
beciime Acting Goveinor, remaining in that capacity 
until 1863. 

j, Crabb, George "W.; w.as bom in Virginia; was 
I a Representative in Congress from Alabama from 
■■ 18.39 to 1S41. 

Crabb, Jeremiah ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress Irom Maryland from 1795 to 1796. 

Cradlebaugh, John; was bom in Ohio; was 
fleeted a Delegate from the Territory of Nevada to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress; was subsequently aji- 
pomted United States Judge for the Territory of Utah. 

Crafts, Samuel C; was born in Windham 
< ounty, Connecticut: graduated at Harvard Univer- 
.-ity in 1790; his fatlicr ctlected the settlement of 
Craftsbury, Vermont, and upon the organization of 
the town, in 1792, Mr. Samuel C. Craft's was chosen 
I'nwn Clerk, and held the office for thirty-seven suc- 
. issive years; was the youngest Delegate" to the Con- 
vention for revising the State Constitution in 1793; 
in 1796, 1800, ISOl, 1803, and 1805 w:is elected a 
member of the House of Representatives of the State; 
from 1796 to 1815 was Register of Probate for Orleans 
District; in 1798 and 1799 was Clerk of the Hou.se of 
Representatives; from 1809 to 1812, and from 1825 to 
1827, was a member of the Executive Council ; in 1800 
was appointed a Judge of Orleans Countv Court, and 
remainet^, such till 1816, during the last six years 
as Chief Judge; from 1825 to 18:28 was again Chief 
Jndge, and from 1836 to 1=^38 Clerk of the Court; in 
1816 was elected a Representative in Congress, and 



was re-elected for the three succeeding terms; in 1828 
elected Governor of Vermont, and was re-elected in 
1829 and 1830; in 1829 was President of the Consti- 
tutional Convention: in 1842 was appointed by Gov- 
ernor Paine, and afterwards elected by the Legi.sla- 
tiire, a Senator in Congress for the unexpired term of 
one year; thus tilled every office in the gift of Ver- 
mont. Died in Craftsbury, Vermont, No\ ember 19. 
1853, aged eighty-four years. 

Cragin, Aaron H.; was born in Weston, Ver- 
mont, Februarys, 1821; adverse circumstances pre- 
vented him from obtaining a collegiate (ulucatioir 
studied law, and came to the bar in Albany, New 
York, in 1847; the same year removed to Lebanon 
New Hampshire, and practiced his profession; was ;i 
member of the New Hamiishire Legislature from 
1852 to 1855; was elected a Representati\e from that 
State to the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Revolutionary Claims and Printing- 
was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, servin" 
on the same Committees; in 1859 was again elect<-d 
a member of the State Legislature; in 1860 was a 
Delegate to the "Chicago Convention" which nomi- 
nated Abraham Lincoln; in 1864 was elected a Sen- 
ator m Congress from New Hampshire, for the term 
of SIX years from 1865, sernng on tlie Committees on 
Naval Al?;iirs. Territories, the Pacific Railroad, and 
Engrossed Bills; was also a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia "Loyalists' Convention" of 18G6; was subse- 
quently made Chairman of the Committee on Con- 
tingent Expenses of the Senate; re-elected for the 
term ending in 1877, serving as Chafrman of the 
Committee on Naval Aflairs. 

Craig, Hector ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York, from 1823 to 1825, and a<rain 
from 1829 to 1830. " 

Craig, James ; was born in Pennsylvania about 
1820; was a lawyer by profession; was a member of 
the Missouri Legislature in 1847; was a Captain of a 
Volunteer Company in the Mexican War; Circuit 
Attorney for the Twelfth Judicial CU'cuit in Mis- 
soui-i from 1852 to 1856; was a Representative in tlie 
Thirty-Iifth Congi-ess from Missouri, serving on the 
Committee on Post-Offices and Post Roads; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, servin" on the 
Committee on Post-Offices and Post' Roads;" was ai>- 
poirited a Brigadier-General of Volunteers in 1862 
and employed in the West. ' 

Craig, John D.; was bom in Ireland, but his 
father w;is an American; in 1827 was appointed Su- 
perintendent, or Commissioner, of the Patent Office 
remaining in the office only about one year. ' 

Craig, Robert; was born in Virginia; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State, from 
1829 to 1833, and again li-om 1835 to 1841. 

Craige, Burton; was born in Rowan Conntv 
North Carolina, March 1,3, 1811; graduated at Chap'.l 
Hill in 1829; was a lawyer by profession; was ;i 
member of the State Legi.slalure in 1832 and 1831- 
was elected to the Thirty-tliird, Tliirty-fourth, ancl 
Thirty-fifth Congresses, serving as a member of the 
Judiciary Committee; re-elected to the Thirty-.sLxtli 
Congre-ss, serving as a member of the Committee on 
Revolutionary Pensions; took part in the RebeUiou 
ot 1861, as a member of the Confedeiate Congress. 
Died at Concord, North Carolina, December 30, 1675. 

Craik, "William ; was a Representative ia Con- 
gress from Maryland, fi-om 1796 to ISOl. 

Grain, William H.; was bom at G.alveston 
Texas, November 25, 1848; graduatxid from the Coll 



116 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



lege of Saint Francis Xavier, New York City, Jxily 1, 
18(i7, and, several years later, received the degree of 
A. M. from tliat institution; studied law at ludian- 
ola, Texas; was admitted to the bar in Februar3', 
18T1, and entered upon tlie practice of hiw at In- 
dianola; subsequently settled at C'uero, Texas; in 
il872 was elected District Attorney for the Twenty- 
third Judicial District of Texas; in 1871) was elected 
a State Senator; in 18wl was elected a Kepresentative 
from Texas to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Cramer, John ; was a Presidential Elector in 
1805; served three years in the Assembly, and threi^ 
;years in the Senate of the State of New York; was a 
niember of the State Constitutional Convention of 
18"21; was a Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1833 to 1837. Died at^Waterford, New 
York, June 1, 1870, aged ninety-two years. 

Cramerj Michael J.; was born at Schafihausen, 
Switzerland, February (J, 183.5; emigrated, with his 
father, to the United States, when a child, settling at 
Cincinnati, Ohio; was educated at the Ohio Wesleyan 
University, at Delaware, O., where he graduated in 
the full classical and theological courses; joined the 
Cincinnati Annual Conference of the Methodist Epis- 
copal Church in 18(;0, and was engaged in the pastoral 
work for four years; organized two loyal churches at 
Nashville, Tennessee, during the Civil "War, from 
which churches sprang the Central Tennessee Annual 
Conference; was Chaplain in the United States Army 
from 1804 to 1867; in the latter year was appointed 
United States Consul at Leij)sic, Germany, in' 1870 
was appointed United States Minister to Denmark; 
in 1881 was transferred in a like capacity to the Re- 
public of Switzerland; was an accomplished scholai-. 
linguist, and writer; received, from the Syracuse 
University, the degree of Doctor of Divinitj'. 

Cranch, ■William; was born at We;\Tnoutli, 
JIassacluisetts, July 17, 17(ii); graduated at Harvard 
University in 1787, in the class with his tirst cousin. 
J. Q. Adams; studied law; was admitted to the bav 
in July, 1790; practiced in Braintree and in Ha\er- 
hill; removed to Washington in 1794; in 1801 was 
appointed, by President Adams, (his brother-in-law), 
on the last night of his administration. Junior Assist- 
ant Judge of the Circuit Court of the District of 
Columbia; was Chief Justice from 1805 to 1855: in 
these fifty-live j'ears, but two of his decisions were 
overruled; he published nine xcilumes of '' Reports of 
United States Supreme Court, '' and six volumes of 
" Reports of Circuit Court of District of Columbia," 
from 1801 to 1841; also prepared a code of laws for 
the District; published a memoir of John Adams, 
8vo, in 18"J7; was a member of the Academy of Arts 
and Sciences. Died in 'Washington, District of Co- 
lumbia, September 1, 1855. 

Crane, Joseph H.; wa.s born in Elizabethtown, 
New Jersey; studied law; was, for many years. Pres- 
ident Judge of the Court of Common Pleas; was a 
Representative in Congi'css, from Ohio, from 1829 to 
1837. Died at Dayton, Ohio, November 12, 1852, 
aged seventy years. 

Crane, Stephen; was a Delegate from New 
Jersey to the Continental Congress from 1774 to 1776. 

Cranston, Henry Y.; was born in Newport, 
Rhode Island, October 9, 1789; received a limited 
education; worked at a trade for five years from the 
age of twelve, then commenced the business of com- 
mission merchant; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in three years; in 1818 was elected Clerk of 
the Court of Common Pleas, and held tlie office until 
il833; was for twenty-tive years annually elected 



Moderator for the town of Newport; was a member 
of the several Conventions for framing and remodel- 
ing the State Constitution, and was Vice-President of 
the Convention in 1842; from 1827 to 1843 was a 
member of the lower branch of the Legislature; was 
a Representative in Congress from 1843 to 1847, when 
he was returned to the Legislature, and was several 
times Speaker of that body, until 1854, after which 
time he lived in retirement. Died at Newport, Feb- 
ruary 12, 1864. 

Cranston, Robert B.; was born in Rhode Island; 
was a l\epresentative in Congress from that State 
from 1837 to 1843, and again from 1847 to 1849; in 
1864 was a Presidential Elector. Died at Newport, 
January 27, 1873, aged eighty-two years. 

Crapo, Henry H.; was born in Dartmouth, Jlas- 

sachusetts. May 24, 1804; resided, for many years, 
in New Bedford, from which place he removed to 
Michigan in 18.57; became extensively engaged in 
the manufacture and sale of lumber; was for a time 
Mayor of Flint, where he resided ; served in the State 
Senate; was twice elected Governor of the State — in 
1864 and 1866 — performing important services during 
the progi'ess of the Rebellion. Died in Flint, July 
23, 1869. 

Crapo, 'William "W.; was born at Dartmouth, 
Massachusetts, Jlay 16, 1830; educated at the public 
schools of New Bedford, at Phillips Academy, An- 
clover, and at Yale College, where he graduated in 
1852; studied law, and practiced the profession in 
New Bedford; was a member of the Massachusetts 
LcfSslature iu 1857; in 1875 was elected a Represent- 
ative to the Forty-fourth Congress, in the place of 
.Fames Buffinton, who died before taking his seat in 
that Congress, to wlii.:li lie had been elected; was re- 
elected to the Forly-Iifib, I'orty-sixth, and Forty- 
seventh Congresses; declined a re-nomination. 

Crary, Isaac E.; was born in Preston, New 
London County, Connecticut; received ,a good Eng- 
lish education; adopted the profession of the law, 
and removed to the Territory of Michigan; was there 
appointed a General of Militia; was elected a Dele- 
gate to Congress from the Territory in 1835 and 1836; 
was a Representative in Congress, from that State, 
from the time of its admission into the Union in 1836 
to 1841. Died in Marshall, Michigan, Jlay 8, 1854. 

Cravens, James A.; was born in Rockingham 
County, Virginia, November 4, 1818; removed with 
his father to Indiana in 1820; spent his boyhood in 
Washington County, where he received a common 
school education, and devoted much of Iiis life to 
agricultural iiursuits, especially to the raising of the 
best breeds of cattle; in 1841 vasa Presidential Elec- 
tor; served as a Slajor in the Mexican War under 
General Taylor, and \\'as present at the battle of 
Buena Vista; in 1848 and 1849 was elected to the 
Legislature of Indiana; iu 1850 elected to the State 
Senate, serving three years: in 1854 was commissioned 
a Brigadier-General of Militia; frequently presided 
over the Board of School Trustees for his township; 
was Vice-President and President of the Washington 
and Orange Counties Agricultural Societies; in 1859 
was appointed by the Legislature of Indiana to the 
important position of Agent for the State, which he 
resigned; in 1860 was elected a Representative from 
Indiana to the Thirty -seventh Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Territories; was re-elected to th« 
Thirty-eighth Congress, and was a member of the 
Committee on Territories; was a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "National Union Convention" of 1866, 
and also to the New York Convention of 1868. 



moil KA rilKAL AN N AhS. 



m 



Cravens, James H.; was born in Rockingham 
County, Virginia, in 17ilS; in early life rciuoved to 
Indiana, and settled in l^ipley County; held a num- 
ber of important local offices in the State; was a 
Representative in Congress from Indiana from 1841 
to 1843; was subseijuently a candidate of the Free- 
soil party for the othee of (ioxernor, lint was nnsne- 
ce.ssful; served as Ctolonel of an Indiana regiment 
during the war for the suppression of the Kebellion. 

Cravens, Jordan E. ; was born at Frederick- 
town, Jlissonri, Kovemlier 7, 18IUI; removed, with 
liis lather, to Arkansas, in 18:!1; received a common 
school education; studied law: was admitted to ]irac- 
tice in 1854; was a Kepresentative in the State Leg- 
islature in 1860; served in the Confederate Army 
throughout the war, rising to the rank of Colonel; 
•was a State Senator in 1866; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1872; was elected a Kepresentative from 
Arkansas to the Forty-fifth, Fortj'-sixtlr and Forty- 
seventh Congresses. 

CraTvford, George W.; was horn in Columbia 
County, Georgia, December 22, 1798; graduated at 
Princeton in 1820; studied law, and commenced the 
practice at Augusta in 1822; in 1827 was elected 
Attorney-General, and continued in that office until 
1831; was in the State Legislature from 1>^'.\7 to 184'_>: 
in 1843 was elected to Congress to fill a \acancy ; was 
elected Governor of the State in 1843, and re-elected 
in 184.">; was a member of President Taylor's Cabinet 
as Secretary of War; subsetjuently visited Europe, 
after which he lived in retirement in Georgia. 

Cra'wrford, Joel ; was born in Columbia County, 
Georgia, June 1.5, 1783; was educated by jirivate 
tutors; became a student of law, and was admitted 
to practice in 1808; in 1813 joined the army of Gen- 
eral Floyd, and served throughout the whole cam- 
paign as Aid-de-camp to the General; after the war 
resumed the practice of his profession; served three 
years in the State Legislature; was a Representative 
in Congress from Georgia from 1817 to 1821. Died 
April 5, 1858. 

Crawford, Martin J. ; wasborn in .TasperCounty, 
Georgia, March 17, 1820; was educated at the Mer- 
cer University; was a lawyer by profession; wa.s a 
member of the Georgia Legislature from 184.5 to 1847; 
in 18.53 was appointed Judge of the Superior Court 
for the Chattahoochee Circuit; was elected a member 
of the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses, 
serving in the last on the Committees on Ways and 
Means and Roads and Canals; was also elected to file 
Tliirty-sixth Congress, still serving on the Committee 
<m Ways and Means; withdrew in 18()'l; joined the 
great Kebi-llion of that year as a member of the Con- 
federate Congress, and was a Commissioner to Wash- 
ington. 

Cra^wrford, S. J.; was Go\ernor of Kansas from 
1864 to 1869. 

Cra-wford, Thomas Hartley ; was l>orn at 
Chaml>ersburg, Pennsylvani.a, November 14, 178(i; 
graduated at Princeton College in 1804; stu<lie<i law 
for three years, and was admitted to the bar in 1807: 
was a Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania 
from 182!) to 1833; during the last year named was 
elected to the State Ix-gislature; in 1836 w^as ap- 
liointed a Commissioner to investigate certain alleged 
frauds in the p\uihase of the reservation of land of 
the Creek Indians; in 1838 wa.s appointed, by Presi- 
<lent Van Uuren, Commissioner of Indian Affiiirs, 
and took up his residence in Wa.shington, holding 
that office for seven years; in 184.5 was appointed, by 
I'resident Polk, .Judge of the Criminal Court of the 



Di.strict of Columbia, which arduous position be oc- 
cupied until his deatli, which took place in Washing- 
ton, .January 27, 1863. 

Crawford, "William; wasborn in Edinburgh, 
Scotland, in 17(iO; afterstudying medicine, emigrated 
to the United States, and settled in Marsh Creek, 
Adams County, Penns\hania, wh(>re he was the 
pioneer physician; became interested in politics, and 
was a Representative in Congress from 1809 to 1817; 
was tendered the appointment of Postm:ister of Bal- 
timore, by President Madison, but declined it. Died 
on his larm in ls23. 

Crawford, "William ; was born in Virginia; re- 
moved to .Vlaliaiua in 1810; held a number of Federal 
and State offices; was Receiver of Moneys lor Pul)lic 
Lands; a Commissioner to settle certain claims under 
a treaty with England, France, and Spain; was 
elected to the State Senate; United States District 
.Utorney for Alabama; was Judge of the United 
States District Court for Alabama. Died at Mobile, 
April 28, 1849. 

Cra'wford, "William H; was born in Amherst 
County, Virginia. FeViruary 24, 1772; with his father 
s(ttled in Georgia in 1783; received an academic 
education; snbseqnently had the managenieiit of 
Richmond Academy; studied law; took a liigli po- 
sition in his profession; in 1799 was appointed to 
prepare a Digest of the I-aws of Georgia; a con- 
spiracy having been organized to drive him from the 
bar, was challenged by a man named Van Allen, 
\vbom he killed at the first fire; served four years in 
the State Legislature; was a Senator in Congress 
from Georgia from 1807 to 1813, and (luring jiart of 
the Twelfth Congress officiated as President pro Inn. 
of the Senate: President Madison invited him into 
his Cabinet as Secretary of War, but he declined the 
honor, accepting, instead, the post of Minister to 
France, in 1813; on his return, however, at the end 
of two years, he became Secretar.v of War; in 1817 
was appointed, by President Monroe. Secretary of the 
Treasury, where he .served with nuu'ked ability until 
182.5, during which year he received a flattering vote 
for President of the United .States; in 1827 was ap- 
pointed Judge of the Northern Circuit of Georgia, 
which office he held until his death, which occurred 
in Albert County, tJeorgia, September 1.5, 18.54. *■ 

Creamer, Thomas J.; was born in Ireland, 
May 2(), 1843; educated in the common .scliools of 
New York; engaged in mercantile business; was 
elected to the State Legislature in 1864, 1,S65, and 
1866: to the State Senate in 1867 and 1869; was a))- 
])ointed Tax Commissioner for New York City in 
1869. serving until 1873; was President of the Young 
Democrats' General Committee in 1870; Delegate to 
the Baltimore National Convention in 1872; was 
elected to the Forty-third f'ongress, serving on the 
Committee on the Paci(i( l\'ailroail. 

Crebs, John M.; was born in ^^lddleburg, Lon- i 
don County, Virginia, April 7, 1830; went, with his 
])arents. to Illinois in 1837; received a common 
.school education; during his minority worked U]ion a 
farm; at the age of twenty-one commenced the study 
of law; settled in White (,'onnty, Illinois, where he 
practiced the profession; in 18(i2 entered the \'olun- 
teer Army as Lieutenant-Colonel; particiiiated in 
all the Mis.si.ssippi movements until the capture of 
Vicksburg, and was also in the .\rkansas campaign, 
commanding a brigade of cavalry in the Department 
of the Gulf : af'ter the war returned to his profession; 
in 1868 was elected a Representative from Illinois to 
the Forty-first Congress, serving on the Commitec oj 



118 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Agriculture ; was re-elected to the Forty-second Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on the District of 
Columbia. 

Creely, John V.; -was born in Philadelphia, 
November 14, 1839; received a classical education; 
studied law; served in the army as an officer of light 
artillery throughout tlie late Rebellion ; was a mem- 
ber of the Councils of Philadelphia for four years; 
was elected to the Forty-second Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Indian Affairs. 

Creighton, 'William ; was born in Berkeley 
County, Virginia, October 29, 1778; graduated at 
Dickinson College when quite young; studied law 
and was admitted to the bar at the age of twenty ; in 
1798 settled in Chillicothe, Ohio, devoting himself to 
his profession, and holding many positions of public 
trust; was the first Secretaiy of State for Ohio; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1813 to 1817, and again from 1827 to 1833. Died at 
Chillicothe, October 8, 1851, having for many years 
previously declined all public office. 

Creighton, 'Williara, Jr.; was a citizen of Ohio; 
was liberally educated; a lawyer by profession; was 
appointed United States Judge for the District of 
Ohio. 

Creswell, John A. J.; was born in Port De- 
posit, Cecil County, Maryland, November 18, 1828; 
graduated at Dickinson College, Pennsylvania, in 
1848; studied law and came to the bar of Maryland 
in 1850; was a member of the Maryland House of 
Delegates in 1861 and 1862; from August, 1862, to 
April, 1863, was an Assistant Adjutant-General for 
Maryland; was elected a Representative from Mary- 
land to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Commerce and Invalid Pensions; was 
a Delegate to the Baltimore Convention of 1864 ; in 
March, 1865, was chosen a Senator in Congress for 
the unexpired term of T. H. Hicks, deceased, serving 
on the Committees on Agriculture and Mines and 
Mining, and as Chairman of the Committee on the 
Library; by request of the House of Representatives, 
delivered an Eulogy on his friend and colleague, 
Henry Winter Davis, on February 22, 1866; was also 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Lo.yalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1866, the "Border States' Convention," held 
in Baltimore in 1867, and the Chicago Convention of 
1868; in May, 1868, was elected Secretary of the 
United States Senate, but declined; on March 5, 
1869, entered the Cabinet of President Grant as Post- 
master-General. 

Crisfield, John "W.; was born in Kent County, 
Maryland, November 6, 1808; received liis education 
at Wasliingtou College, Chesterto^^^l ; studied law and 
was admitted to the bar in 1830; settled iu the prac- 
tice of his profession in Somerset County; w.as elected 
to the Maryland Legislature in 1836; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Maryland, from 1847 to 
1849; ill lH."i(i was a Delegate to the State Constitu- 
tional Convention; in 1861 was a Delegate to the 
I'eace Congie.ss; was elected a Representative from 
Maiylaiiil lo the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on 
the Coinmitlecs on Public Lands and on Public E.x- 
])eiuliliiiis; was also a Delegate to the Philade^hia 
"National Union Convention" of 1866. 

Crisp, Charles F.; was born at Sheffield, Eng- 
land, where his parents had gone on a professional 
tuiir. .January 29, 1845; was brought, by them, to 
the United States, the same year; received a common 
school cilucatiou in Savannah and JIacon, Georgia; 
was a Lieutenant in the Confederate Army from Jlay, 
1861, to May, 1864, when he was taken prisoner; 



was released from Fort Delaware, at the close of the 
war, and returned to EUaville, Georgia, where his 
parents then resided ; read law in Americus, Georgia, 
and was admitted to the bar there in 1866; com- 
menced practice in EUaville; in 1872 was appointed 
Solicitor-General of the Southwestern Circuit, and, 
in 1873. was re-appointed for a term of four years; in 
the latter year removed to Americus, Georgia; in 1877 
was appointed Judge of the Superior Court of the 
Southwestern Judicial Circuit; in 1878 was elected, 
by the General Assembly, to the same office, and in 
1880 was re-elected for a term of four years; resigned 
in 1882 and was elected a Representative from 
Georgia to the Forty-eighth and Forty-mnth Con- 
gresses. 

Crist, Henry ; was bom in Virginia in 1764 ; re- 
moved, with his father, to Pennsylvania during the 
Revolutionai-y War; in 1788 became extensively en- 
gaged in the manufacture of salt in Bullitt County, 
Kentucky; the company was attacked by a party of 
Indians, and during the conflict he was wounded in 
the foot, and made his escape by crawling niglit and 
day, being four days without food; was rescued by a 
workman Irom the salt licks, but was disabled for a 
year in consequence of his injuries; was a member of 
the Kentucky Legislature in 1795; a State Senator 
from 1800 to 1804; a Representative from Kentucky 
in Congress from 1809 to 1811. Died in Bullitt 
County, in 1844. 

Critcher, John ; was born in Westmoreland 
County, Virginia, March 11, 1820; graduated at the 
University of Vfrginia in 1839; studied three years at 
the University of France; adopted the profession of 
law; was elected to the Senate of Virginia and the 
State Convention of 1861; served during the war as 
Lieutenant-Colonel of Cavalry; was appointed Judge 
of the Eighth Judicial Circuit of Virginia; was elected 
to the Forty-second Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Coins and' Coinage. 

Crittenden, John J.; was bom in Woodford 
County, Kentucky, in September, 178G; when quite 
young entered the army; during the war of 1812 
served as Major under General Hopkins, in his expe- 
dition, and was Aid-de-camp to Governor Shelby at 
the battle of the Thames; after adopting the profes- 
sion of the law, served a number of years in the State 
Legislature, and was chosen Speaker of the House; 
entered Congress as a member of the Senate from 
Kentucky, in 1817, serving then but two years; from 
1819 to 1835 continued in the practice of his profes- 
sion, residing jirincipally at Fr.anklbrt, and occasion- 
ally representing his county in the State Legislature; 
in 1835 was again elected to the United States Sen- 
ate, and continued to serve in that body until March, 
1841. when he was appointed Attornej'-General by 
President Harrison ; in September, 1841, resigned with 
the other members of the Cabinet, except Mr. Web- 
ster, and retired to private life, from which, however, 
he was called, by the Legislature, to resume liis seat 
in the United States Senate, in 1842, in the place of 
Henry Clay, resigned; was also elected a Senator for 
another term of si.x years, from March, 1843; iu 1818, 
ha\ ing received the ^\^lig nomiuation for Governor 
of Kentucky, retired from the Senate, and was elected 
to that office, which he held until his appointment as 
■ Attorney-General by President Fillmore, in July, 
1850; was again elected to the United States Senate 
in 1855, for the term ending in 1861, and was, when 
he retired, the oldest member of that body; in 1860 
was elected a Representative from Kentucky to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving, as he had idways 
done in the Senate, on the most important Commit- 
tees, and a Comjiromise measure which he originated 
has passed into history bearing his name. Died at 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



ni) 



LoiiisvilU-, Kentucky, July 25, 1863. His bioKiaphy 
was sub.sequi'utly published iu two volumes by one 
of his daughters. 

Crittenden, Thomas T.; was born in Shelby 
County, Kentucky, January 2, 1S34; graduated at 
Centre College in 1855; studied law at Frankfort; 
adopted the profession of the law; was appointed At- 
torney-General of Missouri in 18(54, to fill an uno.x- 
pired term; was elected to the Forty-third Congress 
from Missouri, serving on the Committee on Invalid 
Pensions; was elected Governor of ilissouri for the 
term of four years, from January, 1881. 

Orocheron, Heni-y; was a Repre-sentative in 
Congress from Xcw York, li-om 1815 to 1817. 

Crocheron, Jacob ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Xew York, from 1829 to 1831; in 1837 
was a Presidential Elector. 

Crocker, Alvah ; was horn in Leominster, 
Massachusetts, October 14, 1801; entered a tactory at 
eight years of age; received an academic ed\u-*ion; 
became proprietor of a paper manufactory; was 
President of the Boston and Fitchbirrg Railroad; a 
Commissioner of the Hoosac Tunnel ; was a member 
of the State Legislature in 1836, 1842, and 1843; was 
a member of the State Senate two terms; was elected 
to the Forty-second Congress, to fill the vacancy oc- 
<'iTSioned by the resignation of William B. AVashburn, 
in 1872; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, 
serving on several Committees. Died in Fitchburg, 
December 26, 1874. 

Crocker, Samuel L.; was born in Taimton, 
JIassachusetts, JIarch 31, 1804; gi-aduated at Brown 
Uni\ersity in 1822; held various municipal offices; 
in 1849 was elected a member of the Executive Coun- 
cil of JIassachusetts; was engaged in manufiwtiuing; 
was a Representative from Massachusetts to the 
Thirty-third Congress. 

Crockett, David ; was born in Greene County, 
Tennessee, August 17, 1786, of Irish parents; his 
father foughton the Revolutionaiy War; commenced 
the active duties of life when twelve jears old, by 
becoming a drover, and, instead of going to school, 
chose the fortunes of an adventurer; served under Gen- 
eral Jackson, in some of the Indian wars, as a Colonel, 
and became, for a time, his fast friend; had a natural 
predilection for politics ; his smartness and eccentric- 
ities made him very popular on the frontiers, and 
caused him to be elected to the Legislature of Tenn- 
essee; was fond of the woods, and had no equal as a 
bear-hunter; was elected to Congress in 1827, from 
Tennessee, and served until 1831 ; was again elected 
in 1833, ser\ing until 1835; while in 'Washington he 
was always at his post of duty, never forgetting the 
welfare of his constituents, and was one of the most 
popular men in Congress. He was killed at the Al- 
amo, Texas, Slarcb 1, 1836. 

Crockett, John W.; was the .son of the cele- 
brated David Crockett; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Tennessee from 1338 to 1843. Died at 
Memphis, November 24, 1852. 

Crooke, Philip S.; was born in Poughkeepsie, 
New York, March 2, 1310; was educated at the 
Dutchess Aavdemy, at Poughkeepsie; stiulicd law, 
and came to the bar in 1831; located at Flat bush in 
1838; was elected a Presidential Elector in 1852; a 
member of the State Legislature in 1863; was a Su- 
pervisor of Kings County from 1844 to 1870, and 
Chairman of the Board four years; served forty ye;vrs 
in the National Guard of the State of New York, from 
private to Brigadier-General; commanded the Filth 



Brigade in Penn.sylvania in 1863; was elected to the 
Forty-third Congress, serving on the Coumuttce on 
Education and Labor. 

Crosbie, Henry R.; was an Associate Justice of 
the United States Court lor the Territory of Utah, 
residing at Salt Lake City. 

Crosby, Ellsha O.; was a citizen of New York; 
in 1861 appointed Minister Resident to Guatemala, 
where he remained until 1864. 

Crosby, John Schuyler ; was bom near Albany, 
New York, September 19, 1839; received a cla.ssical 
education at the New York University; was appoiut^'d 
a First-Lieutenant in the First United States Artil- 
lery in 1861; served with gallantry in many of the 
most important engagements of the Civil War; w-as .t 
memberof the Statf of General W. T. Sherman; after- 
wards Captain and Aid-de-camp on the HXafl' of Gen- 
eral Banks; was the first officer to pa.ss down the 
Red River, by the enemy's batteries, and (istablisli 
communication with Admiral Fairagut and General 
Grant below Vicksburg; serveii, for a time, on tlie 
Stall' of General Canby, and then became a member 
of the Statf of Lieutenaut-General Sheridan, accom- 
panying that officer in all his campaigns, including 
the Indian wars, until 1872, when he resigned to en- 
ter commerci;>l life in New Y'"ork City; during his 
service was four times brevetted for gallantry, and 
was commissioned Colonel of the Seventh New York 
Heavy Artillery, which commission he declined; re- 
ceived a life-saving medal of the first class, by act of 
Congress, for " horoicdaring and saving life" during 
the foundering of the yacht Mohawk in 1876; in 1876 
was appointed United States Consul at Florence, 
Italy, and .ser\-ed until 1882, when he was appoiulcd 
Governor of Jlont.ana. 

Crosby, William G-.; was born in Maine; was 
Governor of that State from 1853 to 1855. 

Cross, Ed'ward; wiis born in Tennessee; was 
appointed United States Judge for the Territory of 
Arkansas; was elected a Representative in Congress 
from 1839 to 1845. 

Crossland, Ed'wrard ; was born in Hickman 
County, Kentucky, June 30, 1827; studied law; was 
admitted to the bar in 1852; was a member of the 
State Legislature in 1857; elected Judge of the Court 
of Common Pleas iu the First District for si.\ years, 
in 1867, and resigned in 1870; was elected to the 
Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses, serving on 
the Committees on Agriculture and Elections. 

Croswell, Charles M.; was born at Newburg, 
New Y'ork, October 31, 1825; in his infancy liis pa- 
rents removed to New York City, where he received 
a common school education; his parents both dying 
in 1832, he was left in charge of relatives, with 
whom he removed to Adrian, Michigan, in 1837; 
learned the trade of a carpenter, and followed it for 
a livelihood until almost of age; was elected Register 
of Deeds, of Lcwauee County, in 18.i0, and re-elected 
in 1852; in 1854 was a member, and Secretary, of 
the State Convention at Jackson, Michigan, from 
which sprung the Republican party; having studied 
law, was admitted to the bar in 1855 and engaged in 
practice; in 1862 was appointed City Attorney, and 
the same year was elected Mayor of Adri;in; was a 
State Senator in 1863, 18(i5, and 1867; was a mem- 
ber, and chosen President, of the State Constitu- 
tional Convention of 1867; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1868; was a member, and Speaker, of the State 
House of Representatives in 1873; was Secretary of 
the State Board of Charities and Corrections from 
1871 to 1876; was elected Governor of Michigan in 



120 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



1S76, and re-elected in 1878; became President of the 
Lewanee County Savings Bank, at Adrian. Died, at 
his home in Adrian, Michigan, December 13, 1886. 

Crouch, Ed."ward ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsj'lvania from 1813 to 181.5. 

Crounse, Lorenzo ; was born in Schoharie Coun- 
ty, New York, January 27, 1834 ; recei\ed an aca- 
demic education; in 1855 removed to Montgomery 
County, New York, and there engaged in the practice 
of law'; raised a battery of artillery in 1861, and en- 
tered the arm^ as Captain; was wounded and resigned 
after a year's service; in 1865 removed to Nebraska 
Territory; was a member of the Territorial Legisla- 
'ture in 1866, and assisted in framing its present State 
Constitution; was elected Associate Justice of the 
Supreme Court, and entered upon his duties in 1867, 
when Nebra.ska was admitted into the Union; at the 
expiration of his term on the bench, was elected to 
the Forty-third Congress; re-elected to the Forty- 
fourth Congress, serving on the Committees on Terri- 
tories and the Militia. 

Cro'well, John ; was born in Halifax County, 
Alabama; was chosen Dele.:rate to Congress when the 
Territory of Alabama was established in 1817, and 
served till 1819, when the State Constitution was 
formed; was elected first Representative to Congress, 
serving until 18'-;1, and «as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Private Land Claims; soon afterwards was 
appointed Agent for the Creek Indians, then inhab- 
iting large portions of Alabama and Georgia, and ex- 
ercised extensive influence over them, until their re- 
moval west of the Mississippi, in 1836. Died near 
Fort Mitchell, Alabama, June 25, 1846. 

Crow^ell, John ; was born in Connecticut; was a 

Representative in Congi-ess from Ohio from 1847 to 
1851, and was a member of the Committee on Indian 
Aftaire. 

Crow^ley, Richard ; was born at Lockport, New 
York, December 14, ls36; received a common school 
education; studied law and was admitted to practice 
in 1860; was City Attorney in 1865; was a State Sen- 
ator from 1866 to 1870; was United States District 
Attorney from 1871 to 1879, when he resigned; was 
elected a Representative from New York to the Forty- 
sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Cro'WTiinshield, Benjamin W.; was born in 
Essex County, Massachusetts, in 1774; filled, with 
general acceptance, the office of Secretary of the 
Navy, to which he was appointed in December, 1814, 
by President Madison, and served until his resigna- 
tion, in November, 1818; in 1820 was a Presidential 
Elector; in !>■ '■ was elected a Rei)resentative in 
Congress from tlic Salem District of Ma.ssachusetts, 
and continued in that position until 1831. Died in 
Boston, February 8, 1851. 

Cro'WTiinshield, Jacob; was a member of the 
Massachusetts Legislature in 1801; was elected a 
Representative in L'ongress frofn Massachusetts from 
1803 to 1805; was appointed Secretary of the Navy, 
by President Jeflcrson, March 3, 1805. Died April 
14, 1808, 

Croxton, John T.; was a citizen of Kentucky; 
was apiK)inted Minister Resident to Bolivia in 1872. 

Croxton, Thomas ; was born atTappaliannock, 
Essex Cdunty, Virginia, March 15, 1822; was edu- 
cated at )iriuiary scliools in Tappahannock, at Rap- 
pahannock, and Fleetwood Academies, and at the 
University of Virginia; studied law, and graduated 
in that profession in June, ls42; was admitted to the 



bar and entered upon the practice of law at Tappa- 
hannock; was Commonwealth Attorney for his native 
countv from 1852 to 1865, when he resigned; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1880; in 1884 was elected a 
Representative from Virginia to the Forty-ninth Con- 
gress. 

Crozier, John H. : was born in Tennessee; was a 
Representative in Congr.-ss from that State from 1845 
to 1849. 

Crudup, Josiah ; was born in Wake County, 
North Carolina; was a Representative in Congress, 
from North Carolina, from 1821 to 1823, and was a 
member of the Committee on Private Cliims. 

Cruger, Daniel ; was a member of tiie New Y^ork 
Assembly a numlier of years; was a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1817 to 1819. 

Cruger, John ; was Mayor of New York City in 
1764; Speaker of the Assembly in 1765; a proposer 
of the First Provincial Congress which met in New 
York in 1775. and became a prominent member of 
that bodv, being the writer of its " Declaration of 
Rights." Died in New Y'ork about the year 1791, 
aged eighty-two years. 

Crump, George "William ; was born in Pow- 
hatan County, Virginia; graduated at Princeton Col- 
lege; studied medicine and practiced the profession; 
was a member of the Legislature; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Virginia from 1826 to 1827, in 
the place of John Randolph, resigned; from 1832 to 
the time of his death in lf»50, was Chief Clerk of the 
Pension Bureau in Washington. 

Crump, "William; was a citizen of Virginia; 
from 1844 to 1847 was Charge iV Affaires to Chili. 

Crutchfield, "William ; was born in Greeneville, 
Tennessee, Noveml)er 16, 1826; received a common ' 
school education; settled in McMinn County, where 
he remained until 1840; removed to Alabama in 1844, 
and carried on a farm ; in 1850 became a citizen of 
Chattanooga, Tennessee; held several local offices; 
was elected to the Forty-third Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Revolutionary Pensions and 
Patents. 

Culberson, David B.; was born in Troupe 
County, Georgia, »^eptember 29, 1830; was educated 
at La Grange; studied law, and went to the bar in 
his t%venty-first year; removed to Texas, and was 
elected to the Legislature in 1859; entered the Con- 
federate Army in 1862 as a private, and rose to be 
an Adjutant-General, with the rank of Colonel; in 
1864 was elected to the Legislature of Texas: subse- 
quently to the State Senate; in 1874 was elected a 
Representative from Texas to the Forty-fourth Con- 
gi'e&s; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-si.xth, 
Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Con- 
gresses. 

Culbertson, "W. "W.; was born in the Kishaco- 

quillas Valley, in Central Pennsylvania, September 
23, 1835; received a good education ; removed to Ohio; 
entered the Union Army as a Captain in 1861, and 
served three years; removed to Indiana, then to 
Iowa, and finally settled in Kentucky; received a 
majority of the votes cast in a contest for the State 
Assembly, but was denied his seat ; two years later 
was elected State Senator, and serveil lour years; was 
electetl a Representative iiom Kentucky to the For- 
ty-eighth Congress. 

Culbreth, Thomas; was born in Kent County, 
Delaware; was a Representative in Congress from 
Maryland from 1817 to 1821. 



15 1 O (J K A P H 1 C A L ANNALS. 



121 



Cullen, Elisha D.; iviis boin iu Dehiwaie; was 
elet-teil a ]itii\i'<eutative from that State to the Thirty- 
fourth Cocjiess. 

Cullen, ■William ; -vvas horn in tlie North of Ire- 
land M:iroh 4, 1826; emigrated to the United States, 
with liis parents; when a child, and settled in Pitts- 
burgh, Pennsylvania; received a oommou school edu- 
cation; in 1846 removed to Illinois, and engaged iu 
farming; was Sherili' of La Salle County, and held 
other local otlices; hecanic part owner and senior 
editor of the Ottawa RrptMicait newsjjaper; w;is elected 
a Representative from Illinois to the Forty-seventh 
Congress; re-elected to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

CuUom, Alvan ; was a native of Kentucky; 
adopted the law as his profession; served frequently 
in the Legislature of Tennessee; was a K\-pre.sentative 
in Congress from Tennessee from l'^4.') to 1S4T; w;is a 
Delegate to the Peace Congress of 1861. 

Cullom, Shelby M. ; was horn in Wayne County, 
Kentucky, NoNembcr 22, 1829; was educated at 
Rock Rixcr Seminary, iu Illinois; studied law at 
Springfield, Illinois, and was admitted to the bar in 
\S55; was immediately elected City Attorney of 
Springfield; w;us elected a Representative in the State 
Legislature in 1856; was again elected to the Legis- 
lature in 1860, and was chosen Speaker; was elected 
a Repre-sentative from Illinois to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, and re-elected both to the Fortieth and 
Forty-first Congresses; w;us again elected to the lower 
House of the State Legislature in 1872, and again 
chosen Speaker; was re-elected in 1874; in 1876 was 
elected Governor of Illinois for the term of four years, 
and was re-elected in 1880; in 188:i was elected a 
Senator of the United States for the term of six years 
from March 4, 1883, and resigned the ofliee of Gov- 
ernor. 

Cullom, "William ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Tennessee, from 1851 to 1855; was Clerk 
of the House of Representatives during the Thirty- 
fourth Congress. 

Culpepper, John ; was l)orn iu Anson County, 
North Carolina; represented that State in Congress 
from 1807 to 1808, when Iiis seat was vacated by 
Resolution of the House: was re-elected, and served 
from 1813 to 1817, from 1819 to 1821, and from 1W23 
to 1825; was a Baptist preacher; was elected to the 
General Assembly, but his seat was vacated on Con- 
stitutional grounds. 

Culver, Charles Vernon ; was born in Logan, 
Ohio, September 6, 18:;0; spent tlie most of his life 
actively engaged in business pursuits; was elected a 
Representative from I'ennsylvania to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Committees on Bank- 
ing and Currency and Expenditures iu the Treasury 
Department. 

Culver, Erastus D.; was born in New York; 
graduated at the University of Vermont in 1826; 
served in the Assemt)ly of New York in 1838 and 
1841; Wits a Representative in Congress from New 
York, from 1845 to 1847. • 

Culver, E. D.; was a citizen of New York; in 
1862 was appointed Jlinister Resident to Venezuela, 
where he remained until 18(i6. 

Cumback, Will ; was horn in Franklin County, 
Indiana, March 24, 1829; was educated at the Miami 
L'uivcrsity. Ohio; taught school for one or two years; 
atteiiiled the Law School at Cincinnati, and a<loi)teV 
the legal profession; was electe<l a Rejiiesentative 
from Indiana in the Thirty-fourth Congress; was a 



Pre-'idential Elector iu 1861; during that year w;uj 
appointed an additional Paym;uster iu the Army. 

Cumming-, Thomas W.; was horn in Mary- 
land; was a Representative in Congress from New 
York, from 1853 to 1855. 

Cumming "William ; was a Delegate from North 

Carolina to the Continental Congress in 1784. 

Cummings, Alexander ; wa.s born in Penn- 
sylvania; iu 1865 was appointed (Jovernor of the 
Territory of Colorado, re.siding in Denver City, and 
remaining in office two years. 

Cummings, Henry J. B.; was born at Newton, 
New Jersey, May 21, 1831; was educated iu the pub- 
lic schools of Pennsylvania; became editor of a news- 
paper at the age of nineteen; studied law; w;us ad- 
mitted to practice at ^Villiamsport, Pennsylvania; 
reuuived to Winterset, Iowa, in 1856; in that y<'ar 
was elected Prosecuting Attorney for .Madison County, 
and held the office for two years; in 1S61 enlisted iu 
the Fourth Iowa Infantry Regiment, and served 
throughout the war, rising to the rank of Colonel; re- 
turned home iu 1865 and became editor and proprie- 
tor of a newspaper; was elected a Representative 
from Iowa to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Curnmins, John ; was born iu Indiana; was an 
early emigrant to Idaho, where he w;us appointed an 
.-Vssociate Justice of the United .States Court for that 
Territory, residing at Boise City. 

Cummins, John D.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative from Ohio during the Thirtieth 
Congress. Died of cholera, at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 
September 11, 1848. 

Cunningham, Francis A.; was horn in South 
Carolina; was a Representative in Congress from Ohio 
from 184o to 1847. 

Currier, Moody ; was bom at Roscommon, New 
Ham])shir<', Ajiril 22, 1806; from early boyhood lie 
was thrown upon his own resources, and he gained 
his rndinicntary education by studying by the light 
of pine knots after his day's work was done; by dint 
of the same perseverance and determination he se- 
cured a common school education and worked his 
way through a course at Dartmouth College, from 
wliicli institution he graduated in 1834, with high 
honors; he then became Principal of the Hopkinton 
Academy, and afterwards of the High School at Low- 
ell, Ma.ssachusetts, and, while filling these; positions, 
read law; in 1841 was admitted to the bar and com- 
menced the jiractice of law at Manchester, New 
Ham])shirc; soon afterwards established the Amos- 
kcag (.now the Amoskeag National) Bank and tlie 
-Vmoskcag .Savings Bank; also became connected with 
other financial, and with industrial enterprises; was, 
for several years, a member of the City Government 
of Manchester; was twice Clerk of the State Senate 
of New Hampshire; served two terms as a .State Sen- 
ator; Wiis twice a member of the Governor's Council; 
was a Presidential Elector in 1876; in 1884 was elected 
Governor of New Hampshire for two y<;ars from Jum;, 
1885; he was devoted to literature, and among his 
productions was a volume of poems; tlie ilegree of 
LL.D. was conferred upon him by Dartmouth Col- 
lege. 

Curry, George L.; was born in Peiins\lvania, 
removed to Oregon; w;vs appointed Governor of that 
Territory in 18.54, remaining in oliicc until 18.59. 

Curry, Jabez L. M.; was horn in Lincoln Coun- 
ty, Georgia, June 5, 1825; removed with liis father 



1)2 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



in 1838 to Talladega County, Alabama; graduated at 
the University of Georgia in 1843, and at the Dane 
Law School, Harvard tlnivereity, in 1845, and prac- 
ticed law with success in Alaba na; in 1846 joined 
the Texas Rangers for tlie Mexican War, but soon 
returned on account of ill-health ; was a member of 
tlie lower branch of the Legislature of Alabama in 
1847, 1853, and 1855; a Presidential Elector in 1856; 
in 1857 was elected a Representative in Congress 
from Alabama, serving on the Committee on Revolu- 
tionary Claims and Expenditures in the State De- 
partment; re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Naval Attairs; withdrew 
in 1861, and took part in the Rebellion of that year 
as a member of the Rebel Congress; after the close 
of the Rebellion was ordained a Preacher of the Gos- 
pel in the Baptist Church; in 1865 was appointed 
President of Howard College, in Alabama, and in 
1868 a Professor in a Richmond College; in 1881 
resigned his professorehip in Richmond College to 
become General Agent of the Pcabody Fund; in 
October, 1885, was appointed, by President Cleve- 
land, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo- 
tentiary of the United States to Spain. 

Curtin, Andrew Gregg ; was bom at Belle- 

fonte, Pennsylvania, April 28, 1817; was admitted to 
the bar in 1839, and practiced at Bellefontaine; fiom 
1855 to 1858 was Secretary of State, and Superin- 
tendent of Common Schools for Pennsylvania; in 
1860 was elected Governor; during the Civil War, in 
1861, was zealous in organizing troops, and in May, 
1861, in a message to the Legislature, advised the 
establishment of a reserve corps, which rendered 
important service to the country; was re-elected 
Governor in 1863, and was active in the election of 
General Grant to the Presidency, by whom h_e was 
appointed Minister to Russia, in April, 1869; was 
elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-niuth Con- 
gresses. 

Curtis, Benjamin Bobbins; was bom in 

Watertown, Massachusetts, November 4, 1809; grad- 
uated at Harvard University in 1829; studied law, 
and came to the bar in 1832; was devoted to his 
profession; settled in Boston in 1834; served two 
years in the State Legislature; in 1851 was appointed, 
by President Fillmore, a Justice of the Supreme 
Court of the United States, which position he re- 
signed in 1857; in March, 1868, acted as one of the 
Counsel for President Andrew Johnson, before the 
High Court of Impeachment; subsequently practiced 
law in Boston; was author and compiler of about 
twenty-five volumes of legal reports and decisions; 
was made LL.D. by Harvard University. Died at 
Newport, Rhode Island, September 15, 1874. 

Curtis, Carlton B.; was born in Madison Coun- 
ty, New York, December 17, 1811, received an aca- 
demic education; studied and practiced law; was 
elected to the Legislature in 1836, 1837, and 1838; 
was elected to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third 
Congresses; served in the War of the Rebi^llion as 
Colonel of a Pennsylvania regiment; was elected to 
the Forty-third Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Territories and the War Department. Died at 
Erie, Pennsylvania, March 17, 1883. 

Curtis, Edward ; was born in Vermont; gradu- 
ated at Union College, New York; practiced law in 
New York City; took a prominent part in the coun- 
cils of that city; was a Representative in Congress 
from New York from 18.37 to 1841; was appointed 
Collector of New York, by President Harrison, and 
removed by President Polk; was an intimate friend 
of Daniel Webster. 



Curtis, Samuel R.; was bom in Ohio (while his 
parents were emigrating to the West from Connecti- 
cut), February 3, 1807; graduated at the West Point 
Academy in 1831, and was appointed a Lieutenant 
in the United States Infantry, but resigned in 1832;, 
studied and practiced law in Ohio; was subsequently 
an engineer in Ohio and Iowa; from 1837 to 1840 was: 
Chief Engineer of the Muskingum Works; during' 
the Mexican War served as an Adjutant-General in' 
mustering the State troops; went to Mexico as a 
Colonel under General Taylor, and acted for a time 
as Governor of Matamoras, Camargo, Monterey, and 
Saltillo, performing much important service; on his 
return from Mexico practiced law for a time, but was 
called to Iowa and Missouri to perform important 
labors as an engineer, in improvements of harbors and 
the building of railroads; finally settled at Keokuk, 
in Iowa; was elected from that State a member of 
the House of Representatives in the Thirty-iiith 
Congress; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Military Afl'airs, 
and also on the Special Committee of Thirty-three on 
the Rebellious States; was a Delegate to the Peace 
Congress in 1861; re-elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, but re-signed in 1861, to serve as a Brigadier 
and Major-General in the Union Army during the 
Rebellion; was subsequently appointed a Commis- 
sioner to inspect the Union Pacific Railroad. Died 
at Council Bluffs, Iowa, December 25, 1866. 

Cushing, Caleb ; was born in Salisbury, Essex 
County, Massachusetts, January 17, 1800; graduated 
at Harvard College in 1817; was subsequently Pro- 
fessor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy in. 
that institution; studied law at Cambridge, and set- 
tled in Newburyport to practice, having come to the, 
bar in 1822; in 1825 and 1826 served in the State>, 
Legislature; in 1829 visited Europe for pleasure,, 
publishing on his return, " Reminiscences of Spain," 
and "Review of the Revolution in France;" also 
wrote for the North American Review; in 1833 and- 
1834 was again elected to the Legislativre; was a 
Representative in Congress from 1835 to 1843; was 
appointed, by President Tyler, Commissioner and' 
Envoy to China, and as such negotiated an important 
treaty; in 1846 was again elected to the Legislature; 
in 1847 was chosen Colonel of the Massachusettsi 
Regiment of Volunteers for the Mexican War; waas 
afterwards appointed a Brigadier-General, by Presi- 
dent Polk; in 1850 was, for the fifth time, elected to. 
the Legislature; in 1851 was made a Justice of th& 
Supreme Court of the State; when President Piercei 
came into power, he invited General Cushing intoj 
his cabinet as Attorney-General; on his return home 
was again elected to the Legislature of his native. 
State; in 1860 was elected President of the Charles- 
ton Convention to nominate a President; in July, 
1866, was appointed, by President Johnson, one of, 
three to revise and codity the laws of the United; 
States, under a law of Congress, but resigned in 1868 j; 
in 1873 was nominated for Chief Justice of the Su-1 
preme Court of the United States, but withdrawn i' 
in 1874 was appointed Minister Plenipotentiary to. 
Spain. 

Cusbing, Courtland ; was a citizen of Indiana; 
in 1850 was appointed Minister Resident to Ecuador, 
where he remained until 1853. 

Cushing, Thomas ; was born in Boston, Mas.sa- 
chusetts, March 24, 1725; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1744, and received the degree of Doctor of! 
Laws from the same in 1785; was, for many years, a; 
Representative in the State Legislature ; was a mem- 
ber of the Provincial and Continental Congiesses; 
was soon afterwards elected to the Council: made 
Commissary-General in 1775; Judge of the Common 



BIOGRAPUICAL ANNALS. 



123 



Pleas and of the Probate Courts iu 1877; was Lieu- 
tenant Ciovernor of Massachusetts in 1779, and also 
acting Governor; declined a re-election to the Conti- 
nental Congress in the same year; in England he was 
considered a leader of the American Whigs; was on 
intimate terms with Hancock and Franklin; was a 
Commissioner of the Society in London for Propa- 
gating the Gospel; was one of the founders of the 
American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Died 
February 28, 1783. 

Gushing, WilliarQ ; was horn in 1733; gradu- 
ated at Harvard College in 1751 ; in 1772 became 
.Judge of the Superior Court of JIassachusetts ; in 
1777 was promoted to Chief Judge; in 1789 was ap- 
pointed, by President Washington, a Justice of the 
Supreme Court of the United States, in which posi- 
tion he continued until his death iu 1810; iu 1796 
was tendered the position of Chief Justice of the Su- 
preme Court, but declined the promotion; received 
from Harvard College the degree of LL.D. 

Ctishman, John F.; was a citizen of Jlississippi; 
in lSo9 was appointed Jlinister Resident to the Ar- 
gentine Confederation, remaining there until 1861, 
when he returned to the United States. 

Cushman, John Paine ; was born in Pomfret, 
Connecticut, in 1784; graduated at Yale College in 
1807; studied law; removed to Troy, New York, 
where he practiced his profession; served in Congi*ss 
from New York from 1817 to 1819; in 1838 was ap- 
I)ointed Judge of the Circuit Court, having pre- 
viously been Recorder of the city of Troy, and one 
of the Regents of the State University ; died in 
Troy, New York, September 16, 1848. He was a man 
of eminence in his profession, and discharged with 
ability the duties of the various offices with which he 
was intrusted. 

Cushman, Joshua ; was born in Plymouth, 
Massachusetts ; graduated at Cambridge in 1787; 
studied theology; was a State Senator in 1809, 1810, 
1819, and 1820, and a member of the Assembly in 
1811 and 1834; was a Representative in Congress 
from Massachusetts from 1819 to 1821; represented 
JIaine in Congiess from 1821 to 1825, after its separa- 
tion from Massachusetts. Died in 1834. 

Ctighman, Samuel ; was born in 1783 ; was 
Judge bf the Police Court of Portsmouth, New 
Hampshire; held several offices of trust in the State, 
such as Councilor, from 1833 to 1835, County Treas- 
urer, from 1823 to 1S28, and Navy .\gent at Ports- 
mouth, from 1845 to 1849; was a Representative in 
Congress from New Hampshire from 1835 to 1839. 
Died in Portsmouth, May 20, 1851. 

Cutoheon, Byfon M.j was born at Pembroke, 
New HamDshire, May 11, 1830; removed, when a 
youth, to Michigan: received a cla.ssical education, 
graduatiug at Michigan University iu 1861; was 
Principal of the High School at YpsUanti, Michigan, 
in 1861 and 1862; in the latter year entered the 
Union Army as Lieutenant, and served until 1865, 
rising to the rank of Colonel and Brevet Brigadier- 
General; commanded the Second Brigade, Ninth 
Army Corps, in the Army of the Potomac, for a time; 
studied law; graduated from tlii^ Jlicliigan Law 
School in 1866, and was admitted to practice; was 
State Commissioner of Railroads from 1866 to 1873, 
w:»s a Presidential Elector iu 1868; Regent of the 
I'niversity of Michigan from 1875 to 1883, wlien lie 
resigned; was elected a Representative from Michi- 
gan to the Forty-eighth Congress, and was re-elected 
to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Cuthbert, Alfred ; was born in Savannah, 
Georgia; gra<luatcd at Princeton College in 1803; 



was a Representative in Congress from Georgia from 
1814 to 1817; again from 1821 to 1827; was a Sen- 
ator of the United States from 1837 to 1843. Died in 
1856. 

Cuthbert, John A.; was born in Savannah, 

Georgia, in 1778; graduated at Princeton College ia 
1805; was a Representative in Congress from his 
native State from 1818 to 1821; was appointed, by 
the I'resident, in 1822, a Commissioner to treat with 
the Creek ami Cherokee Indians; participated in the 
great debate on the Missouri Compromise in 1820. 

Cutler, Augustus "W.; was born in Jtorristown, 

New Jersey, in 1829; adopted the profession of the 
law; was a Prosecutor for Morris County; took an in- 
terest in educational matters, and became President 
of a local Board of Education; in 1871 was elected 
to the State Senate; in 1874 was elected a Represent- 
ative from New Jersey to the Forty-fourth Congress; 
was active in the Temperance cause, and in theright.s 
of his State in her swamp lands; was re-elected to 
the Forty-tifth Congress. 

Cutler, Manasseh ; was bom in KUlingly, Con- 
necticut, in 1742; graduated at Yale College in 1765; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1767; 
removed to Dedham, Massachusetts, in 1769; studied 
tor the ministry, and was ordained in 1771; was set- 
tled as pastor of a church in Hamilton, Massa- 
chusetts, September 11, 1771; distinguished him- 
self by his attention to several branches of Natural 
History, particularly by first essaying a scientilic 
description of the pl.ants of New England, an ac- 
count of several hundred of which, communicated 
by him, was published by the American Academy, of 
which he was a member; the degree of LL.D. was 
conferred upon him by Harvard College; he was 
one of the first scientific explorers of the White 
Mountains; iu 1787 he organized an expedition to 
the Northwest Territory; in 1788, with General Rufus 
Putnam, commenced a settlement at JIarietta, on 
the JInskingum, Ohio; in 1790 returned with his 
family to New England; served a number of years iu 
the Legislature; was pastor of the church at Hamil- 
ton, Mxssachusetts, mitU his death; iu 1800 he was 
elected to a scat in Congress, and retained it until 
1804, when he declined further political preferment, 
because of its interference with his ecclesiastical 
duties. Died July 28, 1823. 

Cutler, "William P.; was born near Marietta, 
Ohio, July 12, 1813; was elected to the Ohio Legis- 
latnr(! in 1844, 1845, and 1846, officiating as Speaker 
of the House during the last term; was a member of 
the Constitutional Convention of 1850; from that 
period until elected to Congiess was President of the 
Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad Company; was 
electe*l a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty- 
se\ euth Congress, .serving on the Committees on the 
Militia and on Invalid Pensions. 

Cutting, Francis B. ; was born in New York Citj' 
in 1805; was liberallj' educated; in 1825 graduated at 
Columbia College; adopted the profession of the law, 
and became eminent as a commercial lawyer; in 1836 
and 1837 was a member of the New York Legislature; 
from 18.53 to 1855 w:us a Representative in Congress 
fronr his native State; was leading counsel in almost 
all important commercial questions in New York 
from 1840 to 1855; while in Congress lie had a per- 
sonal difficulty with J. C. Breckeiuidge on political 
questions; in 1863 became a "war democrat," and 
did good service in securing the re-election of Presi- 
dent Lincoln. Died in New Y'ork City, June 26, 
1870. 



124 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Outts, Charles ; was born in Massachusetts in 
1769; entered Harvard College in 1786; graduated in 
1790; studied law with Judge Tickering; was elected 
a member of t!ie Legislature in 1804, and then 
Speaker of the House; was sent to the United States 
Senate in 1810 from New Hampshire, and served un- 
til 1813; by appointment, he entered the Senate for a 
second term in 1813, but resigned in June of that 
year; was Secretary of the Senate from 1814 to 1825. 
Died in Virginia in 1846. 

Outts, James Madison ; was born in Maine, 
and tlie son of Richard Ckitts; was for many years 
a resident of the city of Washington; in 1857 was 
appointed Second Comptroller of the Treasury, and 
lield the office until 1863; died in AVashington. 
Hls father was appointed to the same office when it 
"was first created. 

Cutts, Marsena E.; was born at Orwell, Ver- 
mont, May '22, 1833: received an academic education: 
Temoved to Iowa in 1855; was Prosecuting Attorney 
-of Poweshiek County in 1859; was a member of the 
State House of Representatives in 1861; was a Stale 
Senator from 18f)4 to 1866; was again in the State 
House of Representatives from 1870 to 1872; was At- 
torney-General of the State from 1872 to 1877; was 
elected a Representative from Iowa to the Forty-sev- 
enth and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Cutts, Richard ; was born June 22, 1771, at 
Cutts Island, Saco, in the Province or District of 
Maine, then constituting a part of the Commonweal iii 
■of Massachusetts; received his early education at Hai- 
vard Univereity, at wliich institution he graduated 
in 1790, in the twentieth year of his age; studied 
law; was extensively engaged in commerce, and took 
an active part in politics; visited Kurope, and, on his 
return, after serving two successi^■e years as a mem- 
ber of the General Court of Massachusetts, was, at 
the age of twenty-nine, in 1800, elected a member of 
the House of Representatives of the United States; 
took his seat in the House December 7, 1801, ai d 
through si-'c successive Congresses, constantly sus- 
tained by the continued confidence of his constitu- 
ents, ga\"e a firm support to President Jefferson's 
administration, and to that of his successor, President 
JMadison, until the close of his first term, March .3, 
1813, having patriotically sustained, by his votes, non- 
importation, non-intercourse, the embargo, and fin:illy 
■war, as me;vsures called for by the honor and interest 
of the nation, although ruinous to his private fortune; 
on June 3 of the latter year was appointed Superin- 
tendent-General of Military Supplies, an office created 
by the Act of March 3, 1813, the functions of which 
were required only during the continuance of the 
war; the office was accordingly abolished by the act 
of March 3, 1817, to provide for the prompt settle- 
ment of pul)lic accounts; by the same act the office of 
Second Comptroller of the Treasury was created, to 
which Mr. Cutts was immediately appointed by 
President .lames Monroe, and which he held until 
1829, alter which he resided in the city of Washing- 
ton, in the retirement of private life, until his death, 
Ai^ril 7, 1.845. 

Cuyler, Jeremiah ; was a native of Georgia; in 
1821 was appointed District Judge of the l"nitc(l 
States Couit tor tlie District of Georgia, residing at 
Savannah, wliere he died May 7, 1839. 

Daggett, David; was born in Attleborough, 
Massachu.setts, December 31, 1764; graduated at Yale 
College in 1783; was Professor of Law in that insti- 
tution for many years, and subse(iuently received the 
degree of LL.D. from that institution; was State's 
Attorney and Mayor of New Haven, and frequently a 



member of the Legi.slature and member of the Coun- 
cil ; served as a Presidential Elector on several occa- 
sions; from 1813 to 1819 was a Senator in Congress 
from Connecticut; from 1826 to 1832 was a Judge of 
the Supreme Court of the State; was Chief Judge 
from 1832 to 1834, when he attained the age of sev- 
enty years. Died April 12, 1851. 

Daggett, Rollin M. ; was born at Richville, New 
York, in 1831; removed, with his parents, to North- 
western Ohio, in 1837; received a good education, 
and became a printer; in 1849 crossed the plains to 
the Pacific Coast on foot; engaged in mining until 
1852, when he again entered the field of journalism; 
in 1862 removed to Virginia City, NeA-ada; was 
elected to the Territorial Council in 1863; in 1864 
re-entered newspaper life; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1 876 ; was elected a Representative from Nevada 
to the Forty-sixth Congress; in Julj', 1882, was ap- 
pointed United States Minister to the Hawaiian 
islands. 

Daily, Samuel G.; was born in Indiana in 1819; 
was elected a Delegate from the Territorv'" of Nebraska 
to the Thirty-seventh Congress, and re-elected to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress; was subsequently appointed 
a Deputy-Collector in New Orleans, where he died 
September 14, 1865. 

Dallas, Alexander J.; was bom of Scotch par- 
ents, on the Island of .lamaica, .lune 21, 1759; received 
an excellent education at Edinburgh and Westminster; 
emigrated to the United States in 1783, and settled 
at Philadelphia, where lie studied law and estab- 
lished himself in practice; was a frequent contributor 
to periodicals, and at one time editor of the Colum- 
liiiiii Miifiazuie ; prepared a system of law reports, 
which were published in tour volumes; in January, 

1791, w;is appointed Secretary of Penn.sylvania, and 
held the otiice until 1801, when he was appointed 
District Attorney of the United States for the Eastern 
District of Penn.s.ylvania; in October, 1814, was ap- 
pointed Secretary of the Treasury of the United 
States, and for a time performed the duties of Secre- 
tary of War in addition; in September, 1816, re- 
signed, and lesunied the practice of law in Philadel- 
phia. Died .January 16, 1817. He published "Fea- 
tures of Jay's Treaty," in 1795, and various speeches, 
reports, and addresses, and left unfinished a "His- 
tory of Pennsj'lvania. " 

Dallas, G-eorge Mifflin ; was born July 10, 

1792, in the city of Philadelphia, where he received 
his early education ; graduated at Princeton College 
in 1810; commenced the study of law in his father's 
office in Philadelphia, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1813: in the same year accompanied Mr. Gallatin 
to Russia as his pri\ate secretary, when that gentle- 
man was appointed a member of the Commtssion to 
negotiate a peace under the meditation of Alexander; 
iluring his absence \isited Russia, France, England, 
Holland, and the Netherlands; returned to the United 
States in 1814, and, alter assi.-iting his lather for a 
time in his duties as Secie!:iiy of iIk; Trea.sury, com- 
menced the practice of his ll^oli■..i^i(>li at Philadelphia; 
in 1817 was appointed the deputy of the .Vttorney- 
(feneral of Philadelphia, and .soon won a high repu- 
tation as a criminal lawyer; took an active part in 
politics; in 1825 was elected Mayor of Philadelphia, 
and on the accession of Geneial JacRson to the Presi- 
dency, in 1829, was appointed to the office of District 
-Attorney, the same otiice which had been held hy his 
father; this post he held until 1831, when a vacancy 
having occurred in the representation frojii Pennsyl- 
vania in the United States .Senate. Mr. D.ill:is w.xs 
cho.sen to fill it; took :in active part in the debates of 
tlie stormy session of 1832-'33; on tlu^ e\]>ii:ition of 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



125 



his term of office, in 1833. declined a re-election, and 
resumed the practice of his profession; in 1837 was 
appointed, by President Van Buren, Ambassador to 
Russia, and remained in that country until October, 
1839, when he returned home, and once more devoted 
himself to the practice of law; in 1844 was elected 
Vice-President of the V'uitcd States, and entered 
upon the duties of his office in March of the followiu}; 
year; his term of office expired in March, 184!), when 
he was succeeded by Mr. Fillmore; wasappointed, by 
President Pierce, in 18.")I), to succeed Mr. Buchanan 
as Minister at the Court of St. James, in which posi- 
tion he was retained by Mr. Buchanan, when he be- 
came President. Died Ln Philadelphia, December 
31, 1864. 

Dalton, Tristam ; was born in that portion of 
Xewbury, Massachusetts, now Newburyport, in 1743: 
at the early age of seventeen graduated at Hai'vard 
University; studied law as an accomplishment — the 
fortune which he inherited from his father not re- 
quiring him to practice it as a profession — and took a 
deep interest in the cultivation of a large landed 
estate in what is now the town of West Newbury. 
■Washington, John Adams, Louis Philippe, Talley- 
rand, and other distinguished guests partook of his 
hospitalities. As eminent lor piety as he was for 
mental endowments, the Episcopal Church, of which 
he was a warden, shared in his generous liberality; 
was also noted for the alfectionate interest which he 
took in the wellare of his servants, both black and 
white; was a Representative, Speaker of tiie House 
of Representatives, and a Senator in the Legislature 
of Massachusetts; a Senator of the United States in 
the First Congress after the adoption of the Federal 
(-,'onstitution. When Washington City was founded 
Mr. Dalton invested his entire fortune in lands there, 
and lost it by the mismanagement of a business 
agent. At the same time a vessel which was freighted 
with his furniture and valuable library was lost on 
her voyage from Newburyport to Washington, and 
he thus found himself penniless after having lived 
sixty years in affluence. Se\eral offices of profit and 
honor were immediately tendered him by the Gov- 
ernment, and he accepted the Survejorsliip of the 
Port of Boston. Died in Bo.ston in June, 1817, and 
his remains were taken to Newburyport, where they 
were interred in the bui-ial-ground of St. Paul's 
Church. 

Damrell, "William S.; was born in Portsmouth, 
New Hampshii'e, November 20, 180i); never had tlu; 
privilege of even a common scliool education; was by 
trade a printer; was elected a Representative from 
Massachusetts to the Thii'ty-fourth Congress, where 
he served on the Committee on Engraving, and to the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Roads and Canals. Died at Boston, May 17, 18()0. 

Dana, Amasa ; was a member of the New York 
Assembly in 1828 and 1829; a R<'presentative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1839 to 1841, and again 
from 1843 to 184.5. 

Dana, Charles Anderson; was born in Hins- 
dale, New Hampshire, August 8, 1819; studied two 
years at Harvartl University, but did not graduate 
on account of imjiaired eyesight; edited ihe Hdibiii- 
yer; was a c'inlribntor to the Boston Clironnl;/pc; 
was connected with the New York Tiilntne from 1847 
to IS-iiS; subsequently editor of the New York .S'««; 
also edited the "Household Book of Poetry" in 
1858, and w:us one of the editors of "Appleton's 
Cj'clopedia;" was a-ssistant Secretary of War in 1863 
and 1864. 

Dana, Francis; was born in 1743; graduated at 
Harvard College in 1762; after .studying law, re- 



sided a year in England; was a Delegate from Massa- 
chusetts to the Continental Congres:-! from 177(i to 
1779, and in 1784; signed the Articles of (,'onfedera- 
tiou; was Secretary of Legation at Paris under John 
Adams; was app linted ilinistcr to Russia, but not 
officially received; was Chief Justice of the Slate 
from 1792 to 1806, when he resigned; in 1797 waii 
api)ointed Minister to France. Died in 1811. 

Dana, John W.; was born in Fryeburg, Maine; 
was an active politician; Ciovernor of the State from 
1847 to 1800; went to South .\merica to reside in 
1861, and died of cholera at Rosario, New CJranada, 
December 22, 1867. He contracted thi^ disca.se of 
which he died while ministering to an American 
lady, whose death occurred on the day preceding his 
own. 

Dana, Judah ; was born in Massachusetts in 
1772; graduated at Dartmouth College in 179.5; com- 
menced the practice of law in Fryeburg; was Attor- 
ney for Oxford County for six years; Judge of Probate 
tor twenty years ; Judge of the Common Pleas for nine 
yeai's; one of the Committee which drafted the Con- 
stitution of Maine; a member of the Executive Coun- 
cil of the State in 1834; by appointment of the (Gov- 
ernor, was a Senator in Congress from Maine during 
the years 1836 and 1837. Died at Fryeburg, Maine, 
December 27, 1845. 

Dana, Richard H., Jr.; son of the poet bearing 
the same name, and grandson of Francis Dana, the 
jurist; was born in Cambridge, Ma.ssachusetts, .August 
1, 1815; graduated at Harvard College in 1837; his 
studies having been interrupted by a weakness of the 
eyes, he went to sea, and puplished a famous bcx)k 
entitled "Two Years before the .Mast; " studied law 
at the Dane School: was for a time a profe.s.sor in 
Harvard College, and came to the bar in 1840; in 1841 
published "The Seaman's Friend," and "Seaman's 
Manual;" was eminently successful a-s an advocate, 
and engaged in many im)]ortant trials; always the 
friend of the sailor; was a frequent contributor to the 
North American Jliricw and the Law Rcpurlcr-. was one 
of the founders of the Free-Soil Party in Massachu- 
setts; served in the State Legislature; Wiis a leading 
member of the State Convention of 1853- was for five 
years United States Attorney for .Massaihu etts; was 
prominent as a member of tlie Epi.scopal C lurch; in 
March, I.S76, wasappointed Minister to England, in 
place of R. C. Schenek. Died .January 7, 1882. 

Dana, Samuel ; was born at Groton, Massachu- 
setts, June 26, 1767; was a lawyer by profession, and 
became eminent; was President of the State Senate; 
Chief Ju.stice of the Circuit Court of Common Pleas; 
was a Representative in Congress in 1814 and 1815 
in place of W. JI. Richardson, resigned. Died iu 
Charlesto«Ti, Massachusetts, November 20, 1835. 

Dana, Samuel "W. ; was born in Connecticut in. 
1747; graduated at Yale College in 1775; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1797 to 1810; a Senator 
in Congress from Connecticut from 1810 to 1821. 
Died July 21, 1830. 

Dane, Joseph; was born in Beverly, Essex 
County, Ma.ssachusetts, October 25, 1778; graduated 
at Harvard University in 1799; adopted the profes- 
sion of the law; removing to Kenuebunk, Maine, 
was a member of the StateConstitutional Convention 
of 1816 and 1819; in lt<20 was elected to Congress for 
the nnexpircd term of J. Homes; from 1821 to 1823 
represented the York District of .Maine in Congress, 
when he resigned; was subseciuently in the Legisla- 
ture as a member of the Hou.se for six years; was a 
member of the Senate in 1829; was chosen a member 
of the Executive Council of Massachusetts in 1817, 



126 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



and to a similar station in Maine in 1841, but de- 
clined both offices; settled in Kentucky early in the 
present century, where he died May 1, 1858. 

Dane, Nathan ; was bom at Ipswich, Massachu- 
setts, in 1752; graduated at Harvard College in 1778; 
■was a Delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental 
Congress from 1785 to 1788; was the framer of^the 

.celebrated ordinance passed by Congress in 1787; 

•though devoted to the practice of law, found time to 
prepare a Digest of American Law in nine volumes; 
established a Professorship of Law in Harvard Uni- 
vei-sity; after he had attained his seventieth year, 
■was in the habit of spending fourteen hours of each 
day engaged in reading and writing. Died at Bev- 
erly, Massachusetts, February 15, 18:U. He received 
tiom Harvard College the degree of LL.D. 

Danford, Lorenzo; was born in Belmont County, 
Ohio, October 18, 1829; received a common school 
education, and attended college two years at Waynes- 
birrg, Pennsylvania; studied law at St. Clairsville, 
Ohio; was elected Prosecuting Attorney of Belmont 
County in 1857 and 1859; entered the Army; served 
as private, Lieutenant, and Captain until 1864, when 
he resigned on account of sickness; was a Presiden- 
tial Elector in 1864; was elected tot-he Forty-third 
and Forty-foui-th Congresses, serving on the Commit- 
tee on the Post Office and Post Eoads; re-elected to 
the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Daniel, Henry; was born in Virginia in 1793; 
removed to Kentucky in his early youth; was a law- 
yer by profession; wa.s a volunteer in the AVar of 1812, 
with rank of Captain; was a State Representative from 
Montgomery County in 1812, 1819, and 1826; was a 
Representative in Congress from Kentucky from 1827 
to 1833; had a famous encounter in that House with 
Ti-istam Burgess; in 1845 shot his brother-in-law in 
the Court House of Mt. Sterling, Kentucky. Died 
in that town October 5, 1873. 

Daniel, John M. ; was born in Virginia; prior to 
1854 obtained some reputation as a newspaper wTiter; 
was appointed Minister Resident to Sardinia, but re- 
signed the office and returned to the United States; 
resumed his connection with the press and the Rich- 
mond Examiner; though a very zealous friend of the 
Confederate Government, was very bitter in Iiis at- 
tacks upon its Executive Head; wrote a "Life of 
Stonewall Jackson,-' which was published in Eng- 
land. Died March 30, 1865. 

Daniel, JohnR. J.; was born in Halifax Comity, 
Korth Carolina; graduated at the University of that 
State in 1821; studied law'and practiced it with suc- 
cess-; served for several years in the General Assem- 
bly; was elected Attorney-General of the State; ■\Nas 
a Representative in Congress from North Carolina 
from 1841 to 1853. ser\'ing through several sessions as 
Chairhian of the Committee on Claims. Remo\-ed to 
Louisiana, -where he died. 

Daniel, John War-wick ; was born at Lynch- 
Ijurg, Virginia, September 5, 1842; was educated at 
I^ynchbm-g College and Dr. Gessner Harrison's Uni- 
versity School; entered the Confederate Army in 
1861, and served throughout the Civil War, rising to 
the rank of Major and Adjutant-General ; entered the 
Law School of the University of Virginia in 1865; 
graduated in 1866; -svas admitted to the bar, and en- 
gaged in the practice of law at Lynchburg, Virgmia; 
in 1869 was elected a member of tlie State House of 
Delegates; in 1875 -was elected a State Senator, .and 
was re-elected in 1879; was a Presidential Elector in 
1876; in 1881 resigned the office of State Senator to 
accept the nomination of the Democratic party for 



Governor of Virginia; was defeated at the election; 
in 1884 was elected a Representative from Virginia 
to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Daniel, Peter Vyvian; was born in Stafford 
County, Virginia, in 1785; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1805; studied law with Edmund Randolph, 
and came to the bar in 1808; was a member of the 
State Legislature in 1809 and 1810; in 1812 was a 
member of the Privy Council, and served as such 
until 1835; frequently served as Lieutenant-Governor; 
was tendered the office of Attorney-General of the 
United States, by President Jack.son, but declined 
the appointment;" in 1836 was appointed Judge of the 
United States District Court for Virginia; in 1840 
was appointed, by President Van Buren, a Justice of 
the Supreme Court of the United States. Died in 
1860. 

Danner, Joel B.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1850 to 1851. 

Darby, Ezra ; was a Representative in Congress 
from New Jersey from 1804 to 1808, when he resigned. 
Died January 28, 1808. 

Darby, John Fletcher; was born in Person 
County, North Carolina, December 10, 1803; in 1818 
removed, with his father, to Missouri, and settled in 
St. Louis County, where, until 1823, he worked on a 
farm, pursuing his studies under many diiBculties, 
having previously received a good English education 
in his native town; after the death of his parents, in 
1825, he applied for an appointment at West Point; 
being imsuccessful, sold out his father's estate, went 
to Frankfort, Kentucky, and studied law; in May, 
1827, having a license to practice from the Supreme 
Court of Kentucky, returned to Missouri, and com- 
menced professional life; was four times chosen 
Slayor of the city of St. Louis, and once a member of 
the State Senate; was a Representative in Congress 
from 1851 to 1853 from that State. 

Dargan, Edward S.; was born in North Caro- 
lina; removed in early youth to Alabama, where he 
subsequently taught school and studied law; in 1844 
was elected Mayor of Mobile; from 1845 to 1847 was 
a Representative in Congress from Alabama; during 
the latter year was elected a Judge of the Supreme 
Court of Alabama. 

Dargan, George "W.; was born in Darlington 
County, South Carolina, in 1841; was educated at the 
county schools and the State Military Academy; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1872; 
was a Representative in the State Legislature in 
1877: w;>s elected Solicitor of the Fourth Judicial 
Cucuit in 1880; was elected a Representative from 
South Carolina to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Dargon, George W.; was born in South Caro- 
lina in 1801; vras liberally educated, and adopted 
the profession of the law; was a member of the State 
Senate for several years: Commissioner in Equity for 
Charleston; from 1847 to the time of his death, the 
Chancellor of South Carolina. Died in Columbia, 
June 12, 1859. 

Darling, Mason C; was born in Bellingham, 

Massachusetts, May 18, 1801; received a common 
school education; commenced active life as a school 
teacher in New York; studied medicine, and gradu- 
ated at the Berkshire Medical Institution of Massa- 
chusetts, in 1824; practiced his profession for thirteen 
years, when he removed to Wisconsin, and aided in 
establishing the towusof Sheboygan and Fond du Lac ; 
the principal offices held by him in Wisconsin were 



B I O O K A P H 1 C A L A X N .\ J. S . 



i-.n 



those of Judge of Proliate, Maj-or of Fond iu Lap, 
and a member, for several years, of the Territorial 
Legislature; was a Representative in Congress from 
the State of Wisconsin, from 1847 to 1849. 

Darling, 'William A.; was born in Newark, New 
Jersey, December 17, 1817: shortly afterwards set- 
tled in New York City; received a commercial edu- 
cation, and, as clerk and proi)rietor, was devoted to 
the wholesale business; in 18:58 was a director of the 
Mercantile Library Asso(aation; was, for eleven years, 
a member, as oihcer and private, of the Seventh Reg- 
iment, National Guard; from 1847 to 1854 was Dep- 
uty Receiver of Texas for New York; from 1854 to 
18(!5 was President of a railroad company in New 
Y'ork; was a Presidential Elector in 18t)6; in 18G3 
and 1864 was President of the Union and Republi- 
can Organization of New York City; in the latter 
year was elected a Representative from New York to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Na\'al Affairs, Expenditures in the Post Office 
Department, and the War Debts of Loyal States, and 
also as Chairnum of the Committee on Revenue 
Frauds. 

Darlington, Ed'ward. ; was born in Pennsyl- 
■vania, and was a Representative in Congress from 
that State, from 1833 to 1839. 

Darlington, Isaac ; -was born in Westtown, 
Chest^jr County, Pennsylvania, December 13, 1781; 
wa.s reared to hard labor, partly on a farm, and in 
' the shop of his father, a worthy blacksmith; was a 
Quaker; educated himself; taught school; studied 
law, and was successful as a practitioner; in 1807 was 
elected to the State Legislature; served as a Volun- 
teer Lieutenant in the last war with England; was a 
member of Congress from Pennsylvania, from 1817 
to 1819, declining a re-election; in 1820 was ap- 
pointed Deputy Attorney-General for Chester County ; 
in 1821 was appointed President Judge of the County 
Court, which office he held until his death. Died 
April 27, 1839. 

Darlington, William; was born in Birming- 
ham, Chester County, Pennsylvania, April 28, 1782; 
was brought tip on a farm until eighteen years old, 
trained in the religion of George Fox, and when 
young had but a limited education; studied medi- 
cine, and in 1804 graduated at the University of 
Pennsylvania; in 1806 was disowned by the Society 
of Friends for accepting the appointment of Surgeon 
to a military regiment; in 1807 went to India as Sur- 
geon of a merchant ship; in 1811 and 1812 assisted 
in establishing the West Chester Academy, Pennsyl- 
vania, of which he was long a Trustee and the Secre- 
tary; in 1813 prepared a catalogue of plants of his 
native county; in 1814 took part in establishing the 
Bank of West Chester, and was its President; when 
AVashington City was attacked by the British, he 
wcnt to camp as a volunteer; was a member of Con- 
gress tbjm Pennsylvania from 1815 to 1817, and again 
tiom lsl9 to 1823 ; was also a member of the 
"American Philosophical Society;" was a Canal 
Commissioner in 1825; in 1826 aided in forming a 
Natural History Society in West Chester, and was 
elected President of the same; on account of his de- 
votion to science, and his scientific learning, a num- 
ber of rare plants were named alter him by leading 
naturalists of Switzerland aud America; also held 
the office of Clerk of the Court of Chester County; 
aided in Ibunding, and was President of, the "West 
Chester Medical Society;" was President of a rail- 
way company; his publications on botany and kin- 
dred sulyects are {[uite numerous; in 1848 received 
from Yale College the degree of Doctor of I>aws, and 



in 1855, from Dickinson College, that of Doctor of 
l*hysical Science ; was elected a member of some 
forty learned societies in America and Eui'ope. Died 
in 1863. 

Darragh, Cornelius ; was born in Pennsylva- 
nia; was a Represcntati\ e in Cotigress from that State 
fi'om 1843 to 1847. Died in January, 1855. 

Darrall, Chester B. ; was born in Somerset 

County, Pennsylvania, June 24, 1842 ; received a 
common school education ; studied medicine, and 
graduated at the Albany Medical College; entered 
the Union Army as Assistant Surgeon of Volunteers, 
promoted to "be Surgeon, and served throughout the 
war; settled in Louisiana at the close of the war, and 
engaged in mercantile pursuits; was elected to the 
State Senate of Louisiana in 1860; was elected to the 
Forty-iirst Congress, and Te-electe<l to the Forty-s<>c- 
ond and three subsequent Congresses, serving on the 
Committees on the District of C:olund)ia, and Edu- 
cation and Labor, and Chairman of Enrolled Bills; 
was, also, elected a Representative from Louisiana 
to the Forty-seventh Congress. 

Darwin, C. B.; was a resident of Iowa, ftora 
which State he was appointed an Associate Justice of 
the United States Coui-t for the Territory of Wash- 
ington. 

Davee, Thomas ; was born in Plymouth, Massa- 
chusetts, December 9, 1797; removed to Maine, and 
was bred a merchant; served six years in the Maine 
Legislature; during his second term in the Assembly 
was chosen Speaker; was also High-Sheriff of Som- 
erset County; was a Representative in Congress from 
1837 to 1841; was also for many years a Postmaster 
in Maine, and at the time of his death was a Senator 
elect of the Stat« Legislature. Died December 9, 
1841. 

Davenport, Franklin ; was a soldier in the 
Revolutionary War ; a man of education, and a 
Judge; was a Senator in Congress from New Jersey 
from 1798 to 1799, but was superseded by J. Schure- 
man; was a Representative in Congress from 1799 to 
1801. . 

Davenport, Ira; was born at Hornellsville, 
New York, June 28, 1841; received a collegiate edu- 
cation; settled at Bath, New York; was a State Sen- 
ator in 1878, 1879, 1880, and 1881 ; was State Comp- 
troller in 1882 and 1883; in the latter year was de- 
feated for re-election; in 1884 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from New York to the Forty-ninth Congress; 
in 1885 was an unsuccessful candidate for Governor 
of the State. 

Davenport, James; was a graduate of Yale 
College in 1777; was a Representative in Congress 
from Connecticut Irom 1796 to 1797, when he died. 

Davenport, James J.; was born in Virginia; 

was a resident of Santa Fe. and in 1853 was appoint- 
ed, from Missonri, Chief Justice of the United States 
Court for New Mexico. 

Davenport, John ; was born in Stamford, Con- 
necticut, January 16, 1752; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1770; was a tutor in that College in 1773 and 
1774; was a Representative in Congress from Con- 
necticut from 1799 to 1817; served with credit in the 
Revolutionary War, as a ilajor in tlie Commissary 
Department; also practiced law. Died iu Stamford, 
November 28, 1830. 

Davenport, John ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress liom Ohio from 1827 to 1829. 



128 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



• Davenport, Thomas ; was born in Cumberland 
County, Virginia; was a Representative in Congress 
from Virginia from 1825 to 1835. Died in Halifax 
County, in November, 1838. 

Davezac, Auguste ; was a citizen of Louisiana; 
was appointed Secretary of Legation to Mexico in 

■ 1829, remaining there two years; in 1839 was ap- 
pointed Charyc d' Affaires ; in 1845 re-commissioned 

ito the same office and place; returned to the United 
States in 185U. 

Davidson, Alexander C; was born in Jleck- 
lenburg County, North Carolina, December 26, 182[>; 
in 1835 removed, with his parents, to Alabama; re- 
.ceived a collegiate education, graduating from the 
University of Alabama in 1848; read law in Mobile, 
Alabama, but, upon attaining his majority, engageil 
in cotton planting, in which avocation he continued; 
In 1879 was elected a Representative in the State 
Legislature, where he served until elected a State 
Senator; in 1884 was elected a Representative from 
Alabama to the Forty-ninth Congress, and resigned 
his seat as State Senator. 

Davidson, Robert H. M.; was born in Gadsden 
County, Florida, September 23, 1832; received an 
academic education; studied and practiced law; 
.served two terms as a Representative in the State 
.Legislatiue; was elected a State Senator in 1860; re- 
tired from the Senate in 1862 and entered the Con- 
federate Army, rising to the rank of Lieutenant- 
Colonel; was a member of the State Constitutional 
, Convention of 1865; was elected a Representati\ c 
fi-om Florida to tlie Forty-fifth. Forty-sixth, Forty- 
seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty -ninth Congresses. 

■ Davidson, Thomas G-.; was born in Jefferson 
County, Mississippi, August 6, 1805; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar'in 18:>7; in 1833 was 
Register of the Land Office at Greensburg, Louisiana; 
was elected to the Legislature of that State in 1833, 
where lie served, trom different parishes, some 

' thirteen years; was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress from Louisiana in 1855; re-elected in 1857, and 
wa.s Chairman of the Committee on Euiolled Bills, 
aud a member of the Committeeou Claims; re-elected 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, but withdrew in Feb- 
ruary, 1861. 

Davidson, "William; was born in Mecklenburg, 
County, Nortli Carolina, Septemlier 12, 1778; repre- 
sented that county in the State Legislature as Sen- 
ator in 1813, 1815, 1816, and 1817; was a Representa- 
ti\e in Congress from his native State from 1818 to 
1821; served again in the State Senate in 1827, 1828, 
and 1829. Died at Charlotte, Mecklenburg County, 
Sejitember 16, 1857, from injuries which he received 
by being thrown from his carriage while driving a 
fractious horse. Though leading the quiet life of a 
planter, he was a man of great influence and useful- 
ness. 

Davie, William R.; was born in North Carolina; 
in 1790 was appointed a Judge of the United States 
District Court tor the District of North Carolina. 

Davie, William Richardson ; was born at 
Egremont, near "White Haven, England, June 20, 
1750; graduated at New Jersev College, 1776; was 
placed by his father in South Carolina soon after the 
peace of 1763, under the care of his uncle, who edu- 
cated and adopted him as his son and heir, his father 
returning to England; commenced the study of law 
at Salisbury, but soon obtained a Lieutenancy in a 
troop of dragoons and succeeded to the command; an- 

■ nexed it to the Legion of Puhuski in 1779, and was 



promoted, by General Lincoln, to be Brigade-Major; 
fought at Stono, where he was severely wounded, at 
Hanging Rock and Rocky Mount; protected the 
country between Charlotte and Camden, with a le- 
gionary corps which he equipped at his own expense, 
and nearly impoverished himself by so doing; was 
rewarded for his services by the appointment as 
Colonel-Commander of State Cavalry, and was made 
Commissicmer by General Greene; after the war, set- 
tled at Halifax, North Carolina, and was for many 
years a member of the State Legislature; in 1787 was 
Delegate to the Convention which framed the Federal 
Constitution; the illness of his family called him 
home before his labors were finished, and his name 
does not appear on that instrument, but he was the 
most able champion in the State Convention; he was 
the main support of the University of North Caro- 
lina; was Major-General of State Militia; in 1799 
Governor of the State; soon after was sent, by 
President Adams, with Ellsworth and Murray, on a 
Mission to France; after his return withdrew from 
public life to his farm at Tivoli, on the Catawba 
River, South Carolina: was appointed, in March, 
1813, Major-General liy the Government, but declined 
to serve on account of wounds. Died at Camden, 
South Carolina, No\ember 8, 1820. 

Davies, Ed-ward; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1837 to 1841. 

Davies, William ; was born in Georgia; prior 
to the year 1820 was appointed a .Judge of the'United 
States District Court for the District of Georgia. 

Davis, Amos ; was a member of the Kentucky 
Legislature from Montgomery County in 1819, 1825, 
1827, and 1828; was a Representative in Congress 
from Kentucky from 1833 to 1835. Died in Owings- 
ville, in that State, June 5, 1835. He was a brother 
of Garrett Da\'is. 

Davis, O. K.; was born in Hendenson, Jefferson 
County, New York, June 16, 1838; graduated at the 
LTniversity of Michigan in 18.57; was United States 
Attorney for Jlinnesota for five years from 1868; in 
1873 was elected Governor of that State. 

Davis, Daniel F.; was Governor of Maine from 

January, 1880, to January, 1881. 

Davis, David ; was born in Cecil County, Mary- 
land, March 9, 1815; graduated at Kenyon College, 
Ohio, in 1832; studied law in Massachusetts, and at 
the Law School of New Haven; in 1835 removed to 
Illinois; was immediately admitted to the bar, and 
.soon afterwards settled in Bloomington; in 1844 was 
elected to the State Lagi-slature; in 18 17 to the Con- 
vention which formed the present State Constitution; 
in 1848 was elected Judge of the Eighth Judicial 
Circuit of the State; re-elected in 1855 and also in 
1861; before completing his last term, was appointed, 
by President Lincoln, a Justice of the Supreme 
Court of the United States; was for many years the 
intimate friend of Abraham Lincoln, rode the circuit 
with him every year, aud was a Delegate at Large to 
the Chicago Convention of 1860, which nominated 
Mr. Lincoln for President; just before entering upon 
his duties as Justice of the Supreme Coirrt, was ap- 
pointed a visitor to the West Point Academy; re- 
signed from the Supreme Bench in 1877 to take his 
seat as United States Senator from Illinois for the 
term of six years; in October, 1881, was elected 
President ^jro tern, of the Senate. Died June 25, 
1886. 

Davis, Edmund J.; was a native of Florida; 
received a good education; studied law, and engaged 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



129 



in practice; emigrated to Texas in 1848; was Col- 
lector of Customs on the Texas frontier, bordering on 
the Rio Grande, frirai 1850 to 1852; wiis a District 
Attorney in 1S53 and 1854; was District Judge from 
1855 to 18()0; in 1861 entered the Union Army as 
Colonel; served throughout the Civil War, rising to 
the rank of Hrigadier-Geucral; after the close of the 
war returned to Texas; in ISOG was a member of the 
fitst Reconstruction Couvention; was President of 
the second Reconstruction Convention; was Governor 
of Texas from 1870 to 1874. 

Davis, Garret ; was born at Mt. Sterling, Ken- 
tucky, September 10, 1801 ; received an English and 
classical education; while yetaboy, was employed as 
a clerk in the Countj- and tlircuit Courts of his dis- 
trict; studied law and came to the bar in 1823; in 
1833 was elected to the State Legislature, and was 
twice re-elected; in 183!) was a member of the State 
Constitutional Convention; from 1839 to 1847 was a 
Representative in Congress from Kentucky, and de- 
clined a re-election; in ISGl was elected a Senator in 
Congress from Kentucky lor the term ending in 1867, 
serving on the Committees on Foreign Relations, 
Territories, Claims, and Pensions; from early man- 
hood until the death of Henry Clay, was one of the 
most intimate personal and political friends of that 
statesman; in isiil was appointed a Regent of the 
Smithsonian Institution; in 1866 was one of the 
Senators designated by the Senate to attend the 
funeral of General Scott; in January, 1867, was re- 
elected to the Senate for the term ending in 1873. 
Died in Paris, Kentuckj', in September, 1872. 

Davis, George R.; was born at Three Rivers, 
Palmer, Massachusetts, January 3, 1840; received a 
common school education and took a classical course 
at Willislon Seminary, Massachusetts, graduating in 
1860; studied law; entered the Union Army in 18(i:i 
and was promoted from Captain to Major, serving 
until the elose of the war; settled in Chicago, Illinois, 
and engaged in various pursuits; was an unsuccessful 
candidate for election to the Forty-fifth Congress; 
was elected a Representative from Illinois to the 
Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Con- 
gresses. 

Davis, George T.; was born in Sandwich, Ma.s- 
sachusetts, January. 13, 1810; graduated at Harvard 
College in 1829; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1832; was elected to the Senate of Massa- 
chusetts in 1839 and 1840, was a Representative in 
Congress from Jlassachusetts from 1851 to 1853. 

i Davis Henry G.; was born in Howard County, 
Maryland, November 16, 1823; received a limited 
education; in 1843 became a brakeman on the Balti- 
more and Ohio Railroad; was soon advancisl to 
higher positions on the Road; settled in West Vir- 
ginia; in 18.">8 became President of a bank; in 1865 
was elected to the Legislature; in 1868 was a Dele- 
gate to the Democratic National Convention; in the 
same year was elected to the State Senate; in 1870 
was re-elected; was elected a Senator in Congie.ss 
from West Virginia for the term ending in 1877, 
serving on the Committees on Appropriations and 
Agriculture; was re-elected for the term ending in 
1883. 

Davis, Henry "Winter ; was born in Annapolis, 
Maryland, .\ugust 16, 1817: graduated at Kenyon 
College in 1837; in 1839 entered the University of 
Virginia and went through a course of studies at that 
institution; settled in the practice of law at Alexan- 
dria, Virginia; in 1850 removed to Baltimore, Mary- 
land; was elected a Representative from Maryland 
to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-lifth, and Thirty-sixth 

9 



Congresses, serving on the Committee on Ways and 
Means; also elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
.serving as Chairman of the Committee on Foreign 
Affairs, and on tlie Special Committee on the Rebel- 
lious States; in 1864 was appointed a Uegent of the 
Smithsonian Institution, and from Hampden Sidney 
("oUege received the degree of LL.D. ; w:is a man of 
superior jjower ius an orator; as an author, published, 
in 1852, a book entitled "The War of Orniuzd and 
Ahrinam in the Nineteenth Century.'" Died in 
15altimore, December 20, 1805; by a resolution of the 
National House of Representatives a eulogy was 
pronounced ui)on him, February 22, 1866, by his 
friend and late colleague. Senator John A. J. Cfes- 
well. This is .said to have been the only occasion 
when a private citizen was thus honored by Congress. 
In 1867 his collected speeches wen; published under 
the editorship of his friend Creswell. 

Davis, Horace ; was horn at Worcester, Massa- 
chusetts, in 1831; was educated at the public schools, 
and graduated at Harvard University in 1849; studied 
law at the Dane Law School, but was compelled, by 
failing healtli. to abandon professional life; in 1852 
removed to San Francisco, California, and became the 
proprietor of extensive flouring-mills; never held any 
public office until elected a Representative from Cali- 
fornia to the Forty-fifth Congress; was re-elected to 
the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Davis, Jefferson ; was born in Christian County, 
Kentucky, June 3, 1808; his parents removed to 
Mississippi in his infancy; commenced his education 
at the Transylvania University, Kentucky, but left 
it for the West Point Academy, where he graduated 
in 1828; was a cadet from 1824 to 1828; Second Lieu- 
tenant of Infantry from 1828 to 1833; First Lieuten- 
ant of Dragoons from 1833 to 1835, serving in various 
campaigns against the Indians; was Adjutant of Dra- 
goons, and at different times served in the Quarter- 
master's Department; resigned from the army in 
1835; in 1844 was a Presidential Elector; in 1845 was 
elected a Representative in Congress from Mississippi; 
resigned in 1846 to become Colonel of a Volunteer 
regiment to serve in Mexico; in Mexico received the 
appointment of Brigadier-General; in 1847 was ap- 
pointed a Senator iu Congi-ess, to fill a vacancy, and 
was elected for the term ending in 1851 ; resigned in 
1850; was re-elected for a term of six years, but re- 
signed; was appointed Secretary of War, by Presi- 
dent Pierce, serving throughout his ailministration; 
in 1857 again took his seat in the United States Sen- 
ate for the term of six years, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Military Affairs, and a member of 
those on Public Buildings and Grounds and on Print- 
ing; in February, 1861, withdrew fi'om the Senate, be- 
came identified with the Great ReheHion, and wa-s 
elected President of the sc i.i31ed " Southern Conf"ed- 
eracy ;' ' was subsequently confined as a prisoner of stjite 
in Fortress Monroe; after remaining in that stronghold 
as a prisoner for two years, was, in 1867, released on 
bail, and-went to Canada; subsequently returned to 
Mississippi and lived in ret*ement. 

Davis, John ; was born at Plymouth, Ma-ssachu- 
setts, January 25, 1761; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1781 ; was tutor for several years at Barn- 
stable, in the family of General Otis; studied law, 
and began to practice in Plymouth in 1786; was some 
yeai-s in the State Legislature; a member of the (.'on- 
"vention to adopt the Federal Constitution; member 
of the State Senate in 1795; appointed Comptroller 
of the United States Treasury, 1795; District Attorney 
for Massachusetts in 1796; was United States Dis- 
trict Judge l"rom 1801 until his death; wius a Delegate 
to the State Constitutional Couvention in 1820; was 



130 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



a member of many learned societies, and President 
of the Massachusetts Historical Society from 1818 to 
1843; in 1813 delivered an address in commemora- 
tion of the Landing of the Pilgrims before that 
society; was an antifjuarian of considerable eminence, 
and wrote many scientific and other valuable essays 
and addresses. Died in Boston, January 14, 1847. 

Davis, John ; was born in Northborough, Mas- 
sachusetts, January 13, 1787; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1812; adopted the profession of the law; was 
admitted to the bar in 1815; was a Representative in 
Congress from 1825 to 1834; Governor of Ma.ssachu- 
setts during the years 1834 and 1835, and 1841 and 
1842; a Senator in Congress from 1835 to 1841, and 
again from 1845 to 1853, always serving on impor- 
tant Committees and exerting much influence; on 
account of his many popular qualities he wa-s called 
"Honest John Davis." Died suddenly, at Worces- 
ter, April 19, 18.54. 

Davis, John; was born in Pennsylvania; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 18o9 
to 1841. 

Davis, John ; wa-s born at Newton, Massachu- 
setts, September 16, 1851; was educated in Boston, 
and at the Universities of Heidelberg and Berlin. 
Germany; was appointed a clerk in the Department 
of State, at Washington, in 1870; Secretary to the 
Agent of the United States before the Tribunal of Ar- 
bitration at Geneva, Switzerland, in .lanuary, 1872, 
Private Secretary to the Secretary of State, at Wash- 
ington, in October, 1872; was commissioned Clerk of 
the Court of Commissioners of Alabama Claims, in 
1874; was admitted to the bar in 1875; was appointed 
Assistant Counsel for the I'nited States betore the 
French-American Claims Commission in January, 
1H81; in 1882 was appointed Assistant Secretary of 
State; in January, 1885, was appointed an Associate 
J u.stice of the United States Court of Claims. 

Davis, John C. Bancroft ; wa-s born in Worces- 
ter, Massachusetts, December 29, 1822; son of the 
eminent Senator Jolm Davis; graduated at Harvard 
College in 1M40; was Secretary of Legation at Lon- 
don from 1849 to 18.52, acting repeatedly as C/inrf/i 
(P Affaires:; on his return from England settled in New 
York City, where he practiced law; from 1854 to 1801 
was a Ibreign correspondent of the New York Times: 
subsequently edited an edition of the " Treaties of 
the United States; " in 1868 was elected to the State 
.Legislature; in 1869 was appointed Assistant Secre- 
tary of State; while Assistant Secretary he acted as 
arbitrator between Portugal and Great Britain, and 
was secretary, as well as member, of the High Com- 
rni.ssion which concluded the treaty of Washington 
in 1871; resigned in 1871 to become Agent of the 
General Government before the Tribunal of Arbitra- 
tion, at Geneva, on the Alabama Claims, performing 
much important work; in 1873 was re-appointed As- 
sistant Secretary of State; in 1874 was appointed 
Minister Plenipotentiary to Prussia; in 1882 again 
became Assistant Secretary of State; resigned after a 
few months' service, and was appointed one of the 
Judges of the United States Court of Claims, a posi- 
tion which he retained but a short time. 

Davis, John G-.; was bom in Fleming County, 
Kentucky, October 10, 1810; his education was ob- 
tained at a country school, where, during the winter 
months, he studied the rudiments of reading, writ- 
ing, and arithmetic; was bred to the occupation of a 
farmer; was elected Sherift'of Parke County, Indiana, 
and resigned in 1832; was Clerk of the Superior and 
Inferior Courts of that county from 1833 to 1851; was 
a Representative from Indiana to the Thirty-second, 



Thirty-third, and Thirty-fifth Congresses, and was a 
member of the Committee on Public Lands; also 
served on the Committee to Examine into the accounts 
of the late Clerk of the House, William Cullom; was 
re-elected to the Tliirty-sixth Congress, serring as a 
member of the Committee on Public Lands. Died at 
Terre Haute, Indiana, January 18, 1866. 

Davis, John J.; was born in Clark.sburg, West 
Virginia, M.ay 1, 1835; was educated at the Nortl»- 
we.';tern Virginia Academy; studied law; was ad- 
mitted to the bar, and practiced at Clarksburg; was 
a member of the State Legislature of Virginia in 
1861, and of West Virginia in 1870; was a Presiden- 
tial Elector in 1864; was one of the Delegates from 
the State at large to the National Democratic Con- 
vention at New York in 1868; was elected to the 
Forty-second Congress, and re-elected to the Forty- 
third Congress, serving on several committees. 

Davis, John W.; was born in Lancaster, Peim- 
sylvania, in 1799; after completing his medical 
studies in Baltimore, in 1821, at the Medical College, 
emigrated in 1823 to Indiana; served first, in 1829, 
as a Surrogate, and then in the Legislature of that 
State, and was Speaker of the lower branch in 1832 
and 1841; was also a Commissioner to make a treaty 
with the Indians; was a Representative in Congress 
from Indiana from 1835 to 1837, from 1839 to 1841, 
and again from 1843 to 1847, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Public Lands; was Speaker of the 
House of Representatives during the Twenty-ninth 
Congress; in 1848 was appointed INIinister to China; 
subsequently held the positiim of Governor of Oregon 
Territory; was also President of the Baltimore Con- 
vention which nominated Franklin Pierce for Presi- 
dent, in 1852. Died at Carlisle, Indiana, August 22, 
18,59. 

Davis, Joseph J.; was born in Franklin County, 
North Carolina, April 13, 1828; received an academic 
education; adopted the profession of the law; wa-s 
elected to the State Legislature in 1866; never held 
any other public position until elected a Representa- 
tive from North Carolina to the Forty-fourth Congress; 
was re-elected to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth 
Congresses. 

Davis, Lo'wndes H.; was born at Jackson, 
Missouri, December 14, 1836; graduated at Yale 
College in 1860, and at the Louisville Law School, 
Kentucky, in 1863; engaged in the practice of law; 
was State's Attorney for the Tenth Judicial Circuit 
of Missouri from 1868 to 1872; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1872; was a member of the State Constitu- 
tional Convention of 1875; was elected a member of 
the State House of Representatives in 1876; was 
elected a Representative from Missouri to the Forty- 
sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Davis, Noah ; was born in Haverhill, New- 
Hampshire, September 10, 1818; received a liberal 
education; studied law, came to the bar in 1841, and 
was for many years a successful practitioner in Al- 
bion, New York, in which place his father had settled 
in 1825; was a Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
State from 18.57 to 1868; was elected a Representa- 
tive from New York to the Forty-first Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on the Judiciary, and Coin- 
age, Weights and Measures; re-elected to the Forty- 
second Congress, but resigned to become United 
States Attorney for the District of New York; in 
1873 was again elected Judge of the Supreme Court; 
presided over the court where Edward Stokes and 
William M. Tweed were tried and convicted, the first 
for murder and the second for malfea-sance in oiBce; 
once wrote to a friend of his election to Congress as 
the chief misfortune of his life. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANXALS. 



131 



Davis, Reuben ; was born in Tennessee, January 
18, 1813; was self-edueated, owing to the limited 
means of his father; studied and practieed medicine 
for a few years, and afterwards pursued the law as a 
profession; in ISHfi was ehosen District Attorney for 
the Sixth Judicial District of Mississippi; in 1837 
was re-elected to the same office; served lour months, 
in 184"2, on the Iiench of the Iligh Court of Errors 
and Appeals; was in the Jlexican War as Colonel 
Commandant of the Mississippi Rifles, hut resigned 
on account of sickness; was elected to the lower 
branch of the State Legislature from 1855 to 1857; 
was elected a member of the Thirty-fifth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Post Offices and Post 
Roads, and Expenditures in the Navy Department; 
.re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, and was a 
member of the Special Committee of Thirty-three; 
joined the Rebellion in 1861. 

Davis, Richard D.; was born in New York; 
graduated at Yale College in 1818; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from his native State from 1841 to 
1845. 

Davis, Robert T.; was born in the County of 
Down, North of Ireland, August 28, 1823; emigrated, 
with his parents, to the United States when three 
years of age. and settled at Amesbury, Massachu- 
setts; was educated at Amesbury Academy, and at 
the Friends' Boarding School, Providence, Rhode 
Island; graduated from the Medical Department of 
Harvard University iu 1847; settled at Fall River, 
Massachusetts, in 1850; was a Representative in the 
State Legislature in 1853; State Senator in 1859 and 
1861; member of the State Board of Charities in 
1663, and of the State Board of Health from its or- 
ganization, in 1869, until its consolidation, in 1879, 
as the State Board of Health, Lunacy, and Charitj', 
of which he then became, and continued, a member; 
was a Delegate to the Republican National Conven- 
tions of 1860 and 1876; w;is elected Mayor of Fall 
River in 1873; was elected a Representative from 
Massachusetts to the Forty-eightli Congress; was re- 
elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Davis, Roger ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania from 1811 to 1815. 

Davis, Samuel ; was born in Mas.sachusetts ; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1813 to 1815; in 1803, from 1808 to 1812, and 
in 1815 and 1816, was a member of the State Legis- 
lature. 

Davis, Samuel B.; was born in Virginia; was a 
Representative in Congress from Louisiana from 185:? 
to 1855. 

Davis, Thomas ; was born in Ireland; emigrated 
to Rhode Island; was elected a Representative in 
Congress from 1853 to 1855. 

Davis, Thomas T.; wiis appointed, by Presi- 
dent Jeflersou, in 1803, United States Judge for the 
Territory of Indiana. 

Davis, Thomas T.; was born in Middlebury, 
Addison County, Vermont, August 22. 1701; grad- 
uated at Hamilton College, New York, iu 1831: 
studied law in Syracuse, and was admitted to tlie 
bar in 1833; as a public man, his time was chiefly 
devoted to business connected with railroads, with 
■various kinds of manufacturing, and with the mining 
of coal; in 1862 was elected a Representative from 
New York to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on the District of Columbia; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Roads and Canals. Died May 2. 1872. 



Davis Timothy; was born in Newark, New 
Jersey, in March, 1794; received a common school 
education; removed to Kentucky in IHUJ. and was 
there admitted to the bar in 1817; .spent twenty years 
of his life in Jlissouri; having removed to Iowa, w:is 
elected a Representative from tliat State to the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, and was a member of the 
Committee on the Post-Office and Post Roads. 

Davis, Timothy ; was born in Gloucester, Mas- 
sachusetts, April 12, 1821; was educated at a dis- 
trict school; spent two years in a printing office; 
lived a number of years in Boston as a clerk and as a 
merchant; in 1854, by an iinusually large ma.jority, 
was elected a Representative iu Congress from his 
native district; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth 
Congress, and served as a member of the Committee 
on Naval Affivirs; was a])pointcd. by President Lin- 
coln, to a place in the Boston Custom House iu 1861. 

Davis, 'Warren R.; was born in South Carolina; 
graduated at the College of South Carolina in 1810; 
adopted the profession of the law; came to the bar in 
1814; was appointed Solicitor for South Carolina in 
1818; was a Representative in Congress from South 
Carolina, from 1825 to 1835; died in Washington, 
District of Columbia, January 29, 1835, aged forty- 
two years. It was while attending his funeral that 
President Jackson was fired at by a man named 
Lawrence. 

Davis, "William M.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was elected a Representative from that State to the 
Thirty-se\enth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on the District of Columbia. 

Davy, John M.; was born in Ottawa, Ontario, 
June 29, 1835; removed, with his parents, when a 
child, to Monroe County, New York; received a com- 
mon school and academic education; studied law, 
and on coming to the bar in Rochester, was elected 
District Attorney lor Monroe County for tliree years; 
in 1872 was appointed Collector of Customs for the 
Port of Genesee, which office he held until 1874, 
when he was elected a Representative from New 
York to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Davres, Henry L.; was born in Cummington, 
Hampshire County, Massachusetts, October 30, 1816; 
graduated at Yale College in 1839, and adojjted the 
profe.ssion of the law; taught school for a time, and 
edited a paper called the Greenfield Gazette; was a 
member of the Legislature of Ma.ssachusetts during 
the years 1848, 1849, and 1852; of the State Senate 
in 1850, and of the State Constitutional Convention 
in 1853; was District Attorney for the Western Dis- 
trict of his native State, from 1853 until elected to 
the Tliirty-fitth Congress, wherein he served as a 
member of the Committee on Revolutionary Claims; 
was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Elections; re-elected to the 
Thirty -seventh Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Elections; wasre-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, ser\-ing again a.s Chairman of the 
Committee on Elections; re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, continuing at the liead of the Com- 
mittee on Elections, and serving on that on Weights 
and Measures; was also a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866; re-elected to 
the Fortieth Congress, serving again at the lie;id of 
the (,'ommittee on Elections; also re-clc<-ted to the 
Forty-tii-st, Forty-sec(md, and Forty-third Congresses, 
serving on the mo.st Important Committees; was 
elected a Senator iu Congress lor the term commenc- 
ing in 1875, and ending in 1881; was re-elected for 
anot her term of six years. 



132 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Da'wes, James W.; was Ijorn at McConnells- 
ville, Ohio, January 8, 1845; removed, with his pa- 
rents, to Newport, Wisconsin, in 1856; received a 
common school education; was reared on a (arm; was 
a merchant's clerk at Kill)Ourn City, Wisconsin, 
from 18t)4 to 18G8; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1871 ; in that year engaged in mercantile 
business at Crete, Neliraska; was a member of the 
State Constitutional Convention of 1875; was made 
Trustee and Secretary of Doane College, Nebraska, 
the same year, and continued in those positions; was 
elected State Senator in 1871!; was Chairman of the 
Republican State Central Committee from 1876 to 
1882; in 1877 entered upon the practice of law; was 
a Delegate to the Republican National Convention of 
1880; was a member of the National Republican 
Committee from 1880 to 1884; in 1882 was elected 
Governor of Nebraska for the term of two years ; was 
re-elected Governor in 1884; was a Trustee, and 
Secretary, of Doane College, at Crete, Nebraska. 

Dawes, Rufus R.; was born at Malta, Ohio, 
July 4, 1838; graduated at Marietta College, Ohio, 
in 1860; entered the Union Army in 1861, as Cap- 
tain, and served throughout the war, rising to the 
rank of Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General; en- 
gaged in business at Marietta, Ohio; was elected a 
Representative from Ohio to the Forty-seventh Con- 
gress. 

Da'wson, John ; graduated at Harvard Univer- 
sity in 1782; was a Presidential Elector in 1793; was 
a, Representative in Congress from Virginia from 
17U7 to 1814; served in one of the State Conventions 
of Virginia, and in the General Assembly; was a 
member of the Executive Council of Virginia; ren- 
dered ser^ce in the War of 1812, as Aid to the Com- 
manding General, on the Lakes; was appointed 
bearer of dispatches to France, in 1801, by President 
Adams. Died in Washington City, March 30, 1814, 
aged fifty-two years. 

Da'wson, John B.; was born at Nashville, Ten- 
nessee, in 1800; was a Representative in Congress 
from Louisiana from 1841 to the time of his death, 
which occurred at St. Francisville, Louisiana, June 
26, 1845; had repeatedly served in the Legislature of 
Louisiana; was a Militia General of the State, and 
was Judge of the Parish Court in which he resided 
before his election to Congress. 

Da'wrson, John L.; was born in Uniontown, Fay- 
ette County, Pennsylvania, February 7, 1813; was 
educated at Washington College; adopted the profes- 
sion of the law; was appointed, by President Polk, 
in 1845, United States Attorney for the Western Dis- 
trict of Pennsylvania; was elected a Representative 
from Pennsylvania to the Thii'ty-second and Thirty- 
third Congresses, serving during the last term as 
Chairman of the Committee on Agriculture; in 1862 
was elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, and was a 
member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and 
also of the Committee on Public Lands; was the 
author of the Homestead Bill, which passed in 1854; 
was a Delegate to the Baltimore Conventions of 1844, 
1848, and 1860, and to the Cincinnati Convention of 
1856; was appointed Governor of Kansas, by Presi- 
dent Pierce, in 1855, but declined the appointment; 
re-elected in 1864 to the Thirtj'-ninth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Rules and Foreign Aifairs; 
was a Delegate to the New York Convention of 1868. 
Died in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, September 
18, 1870. 

Dawson, "William ; was a resident of New Mad- 
rid, Missouri; in 1884, was elected a Representative 
from Missouri to the Forty-ninth Congress. 



Dawson, William C. ; was born in Greene Coun- 
ty, Georgia, January 4, 1798; graduated at Franklin 
College in 1816; studied law at home and at Litch- 
field, Connecticut; having been admitted to the bar, 
settled at Greensborough in 1818, whei'e he was emi- 
nently successful as a jury law'j'er; was, for twelve 
years. Clerk of the House of Representatives of Geor- 
gia, and several times Senator and Representative in 
the Legislature; was a Representative in Congress 
from Georgia from 1837 to 1842; in 1845 was ap- 
pointed Judge of the Ockmulgee Circuit; from 1849 
to 1855 was a Senator of the United States, where he 
served on important Committees, and commanded a 
wide influence. Died May 5, 1856. 

Dawson, William J. ; was a Representative in 
Congress from North Carolina from 1793 to 1795. 

Day, Rowland ; was a member of the New York 
Assembly in 1816 and 1817; was a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1823 to 1825, and again 
from 1833 to 1835. 

Day, Thomas; was born at New Preston, Con- 
necticut, in 1777; graduated at Yale College in 1797; 
was tutor in Williams College in 1798; studied law, 
and settled in Hartford in 1799; was Assistant Secre- 
tary of State in 1809, and Secretary in 1810; was 
Associate Judge of the County Court from 1815 to 
1825, when he was made Chief Judge of that Court, 
and held that office till 1833; was Judge of the City 
Court of Hartford from 1818 to 1831; was one of the 
Committee to prepare the Statutes of 1808, 1821, and 
1824; reported the decisions of the Court of Errors, 
from 1805 to 1853, publishe"d in twenty volumes; 
was an original member of the Connecticut Histori- 
cal Society, and President of it from 1839 till his 
death; also President of the Wads worth Athenaium 
and a liberal contributor. Died at Hartford, March 
1, 1855. 

Day, Timothy C; was born in Ohio; was elected 
a Representative fiom that State to the Thirty-fourth 
Congress. 

Day, William A.; was born at AVilmington, 
Delaware, June 11, 1850; received a common school 
and academic education ; attended tlie Law School of 
Harvard University, at Cambridge, Massachusetts; 
removed to Champaign, Illinois; was admitted to the 
bar of the Supreme Court of Illinois in 1872, and en- 
gaged in the practice of law at Champaign, Illinois; 
was twice elected Corporation Counsel of Cham- 
paign; served two terms as a Representative in the 
Illinois State Legislature; in June, 1883, was elected 
Mayor of Champaign for the term of two years; in 
June, 1885, was aj)pointed Second Auditor of the 
United States Treasury. 

Dayan, Charles ; was born at Amsterdam, New 
York, July 16, 1792; until fourteen years of age 
worked in a mill; at that time began to'study, and 
was successful ; taught .school for four winters at a 
salary of two dollars per month; studied law, and 
was a successful practitioner for many years; was a 
Representative in Congress from New York from 1831 
to 1833; a State Senator in 1827 and 1^28; acting 
Lieutenant-Governor in 1829; a member of the As- 
sembly in 1835 and 1836; was also District Attorney 
for Lewis County for five years. 

Dayton, Aaron O.; was born in New Jersey; 
in 1838 was app linted the Fourth Auditor of the 
ri-e:usury Department, and held the office until 1859. 

Dayton, Ellas ; was an officer of the Revolution; 
in 1778 was appointed, by Congress, Colonel of the 
Xew Jersey Regiment; at the close of the war w;is 



BlOGl^AiMIICA L ANN ALS. 



133 



pioinoted tu I5rigadiei-Gcneral; was a Major-General 
ol' Militia; was a Delegate to the Contiiu'iital Con- 
gress from 1787 to 1788. Died at Klizabethto«n, 
July, 1807, aged seventy-one years. 

Da3rton, Jonathan; wasanativeofNew Jersey; 
graduated at Princeton Collesje in 177t); was a mem- 
ber of the Convention, in 1787, which I'ornicd the 
Constitution, and signed that instrument; was a Kep- 
resentative in Congress from 1791 tol7!(y; Speaker of 
the House of Representatives from 17!)o to 17!)7; was 
a Senator of the United States from New .Jersey from 
17i»9 to 181).'); he was a distinguished statesman. 
Died at Elizabetlitown, New Jersey, October 9,1824, 
aged about sixty-eight years. 

Dayton, "William L.; was born in Someiset 
County, New Jersey, February 17, 1807; graduated 
at Princeton College in 182.i; was a lawyer by pro- 
fession, having come to the bar in 1830; was a mem- 
ber of the State Senate of New .Jersey in 18;?7; was 
appointed one of the Justices of the Superior Court 
of the:State, February 28, 1838; resigned in 1841, 
and resumed the practice of law; was a Senator in 
Congress from 1842 to 1851; in 1856 was the Kepub- 
lican Candidate for Vice-President on the ticket with 
J. C. Fremont; in March, 1857, w.as appointed At- 
torney-General of New Jersey, which oliice he held 
until 1861, when he was appointed, by President 
Lincoln, Minister to France; was also a Regent of 
the Smithsonian Institution. Died in Paris, Decem- 
ber 2, 1864. 

Dayton, ■William L.; was born at Trenton, New 
Jersey, April 13, 1839; received a classical education, 
graduating from the College of New Jersey, at Prince- 
ton, New Jersey, in 1858; stirdied law; was Second 
Secretary of the American Legation at Paris, France, 
from 1861 to 1865; was Secretary to the Governor of 
New Jersey from 1865 to 1868; was admitted to the 
bar in 1866, and engaged in the practice of law at 
Trenton, New Jersey; was President of the Common 
Council of Trenton from 1876 to 1879; City Solicitor 
from 1879 to 1881; in April, 1882, was appointed 
United States Minister Resident at The Hague, 
Netherlands. 

Deady, MattheTW P.; was born near Easton, 
Talbot County, Mary hind, May 12, 1824; during his 
minority lived in Maryland, A'irginia, and Ohio; stud- 
ied law, and came to the bar in the latter State in 
1847; in 1849. removed to Oregon, where he engaged 
in teaching and practiced his ijrofession; in 1850 was 
elected to the lower House of the Legislature of the 
Territory, and in 1851 to the upper House, serving 
as President; in 1853 was appointed Associate Justice 
of the Supreme Court of the Territory, serving until 
the State was established, when he was appointed 
Judge of the United States District Court for Oregon ; 
in 1857 was elected a member of the Constitutional 
Convention which Ibrmed the State Constitution, and 
■was President of that body; in 1862 and 1864, by 
authority of the Legislature, prepared the Codes of 
Criminal and Civil Procedure, and the Penal Code of 
the State; in 1865 published the General l,aws of the 
State, and a.ssisted in the same work in 1874. 

Dean, Benjamirj ; was born at Clitheroe, Eng- 
land, August 14, 1824; emigrated to America at an 
early age, and located at Lowell, Ma.ssachusetts; was 
educated at the public schools, and at Dartmouth 
College; studied law at Lowell and at the Cambridge 
Law School; was admitted to practice at Lowell in 
1845; subsequently^ removed to Boston; was a mem- 
ber of the State Senate in 1862, 1863 and 1869; suc- 
cessfully contested the seat of Walbridge A. Field as 



a Representative from Massachusetts to the Forty- 
lifth Congress, and took his seat March 28, 1878. 

Dean, Ezra; was born in New York, was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Ohio from 1841 to 1845. 

Dean, Gilbert; was born in Pleasant Valley, 
Dutchess County, New York; in May, 1837, entered 
the .Amenia Seminary; in September of the same year 
went to Yale College; graduated in 1841; studied law 
in I'ine Plains; commenced practice in Poughkeep- 
sie in 1844, attaining eminence in his profession; was 
elected a Representative in Congress from New York 
from 1851 to 1853; was re-elected for a second term, 
but resigned, in 1855, to accept the office of Judge of 
the Supreme Court of the State; in 1862 was elected 
to the Assembly. Died at Poughkeepsie in 1870. 

Dean, Josiah; was born in Baynham, Massa- 
(•husctts, .Marcli 16, 1748; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1805; was a Representative in Congress from Mas- 
sachusetts from 18(}7 to 1809; from 1804 to 1807 was 
a State Senator; in 1810 and 1811 was a member ol 
the State Legislature. Died October 14, 1818. 

Dean, Sidney ; was born in Glastenbury, Hart- 
ford County, Connecticut, November 16, 1818; received 
a common school education; entered upon active life 
as a manufacturer; subsequently became a clergy- 
man; served one y«ar in the Legislature of Connecti- 
cut; was elected a Rei)resentative in Congress from 
that State in 1855, and re-elected in 1857, olliciating, 
during his first term, as Chairman of the Committee 
oil Public Expenditures, and as a member of the 
Committee on the District of Columbia; in 1860 he 
settled in Rhode Island as a clergyman. 

Dsane, Silas ; was born at Groton, Connecticut, 
December 24, 1737; graduated at Yale College, 1758; 
setthMl as a merchant in Wethersfield, Conn(^cti(;ut; 
was a Delegate to the Congress of 1774; in 1775 fitted 
out a large naval force for the Marine Committee; in 
June, 1776, was commercial and political Agentforthe 
Committee of Secret Correspondence, to operate in 
France, Holland, and Great Britain, to procure one 
hundred field-pieces, and clothing, arms, and muni- 
tions of war for twenty-five thousand men; was 
chosen, by Congress, Ambassador to France, with 
Franklin "and Jeflenson, but, the latter declining, 
Arthur Lee took his place; succeeded in negotiating 
treaties with France, which were signed at Paris, 
February 6, 1778; he was given full credit for these 
important services, and it was through him that 
Lal'ayette was secured to our country's service; he 
was, however, recalled November 21, 1777, on ac- 
count of dissatisfaction in Congress at not being able 
to meet the engagements which he had made with 
foreign officers; this recall was accompanied by a re- 
quest to obtain information of the state of affairs in 
Europe, and report immediately to Congress; he 
received this dispatch March 4, 1778, and arrived at 
home July 10, 1778; he .soon saw that he was re- 
garded with disfavor by Congress, and it was nearly 
six weeks before any notice was taken of his attend- 
ance; he was then required to give such a report of 
his mission as obliged hLs return to France, which 
much exasperated him, and caused a controversy 
with influential members; he was discharged from 
further attendance on Congress August 6, 1779, and a 
person apijoiuted to audit his accounts; he returned to 
France in 1780; published letterschargingthe French 
Cabinet with intrigue, and, becoming obnoxious to 
them, withdrew to the Netherlands, impoverished 
almost to penury; embittered and exasperated, he 
became estranged from his country, ami went to 
England; Dr. Franklin testified to his [irobity and 
honesty, but the enmity of Lee prevailed against him 



134 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



in Congress, and was the cause of his ruin; in 1842 
liis claims were adjusted by Congress, and a lai'ge 
sum was paid over to his heirs; his diplomatic corre- 
spondence, his "Narrative," "An Address to the 
Free and Independent Citizens of the United States," 
printed in Hartford and London, and a volume entitled 
"Paris Papers, or Deane's Late Intercepted Letters to 
His Brother and other Friends," published in New 
York — all tend to exonerate his conduct, and satisfy 
the reader of the present day that he was a man of 
eminent ability and misrepresented. Died at D^.il, 
England, August 23, 178J. 

Dearborn, Henry ; was a native of New Tlaiu]!- 
shire, and settled in the practice of physic at Ports- 
mouth; was a Captain in Sla.k's rej;inient at the 
battle of Bunker Hill; accomiuinied Arnold in the 
expedition through the wilderness of Maine to Que- 
bec; was captured by the I'.ritish, and put into close 
confinement, but in May, 177(i, was permitted to re- 
turn on parole; in March, 1777, was exchanged; 
served as a Major in tlie army under Gates, at the 
capture of Burgoyne; distinguished himself at the 
battle of Monmouth by a gallant charge on the 
enemy; Dearborn being sent to ask for further orders, 
Washington inijuired, "What troops are those?" 
"Full-blooded Yankees from New Hampshire, sir," 
was the reply; in 1779 accompanied Sullivan in his 
expedition against the ludians, in 1780 was with the 
army in New Jersey; in 1781 was at Yorktown, at 
the surrender of Cornwallis; in 1789 W;vshington 
appointed liim Marshal of the District of Maine; was 
a member of Congress from Massachusetts from 1793 
to 1797; in 1801 was appointed Secretary of War, 
and held the office till 1809, when he was appointed 
to the office of Collector of Boston; in 1812 received 
a commission as senior Major-General in the army of 
the United States; in the spring of 1813 captured 
York, in Upper Can;ida, and Fort George, at the 
mouth of the Niagara; w;us recalled by President 
Madison in July; was ordered to assume the com- 
mand of the military district of New York City; in 
1822 was appointed Minister Plenipotentiary to 
Portugal; two years later returned to America at his 
own request. Died in 1829, aged seventy-eight 
years. 

Dearborn, Henry A. S.; was born in 1783, in 
Exter, New Hauipsliire; was educated at William 
and Mary College, Virgjnia, and commenced tlie 
study of law in Washington, vThile liis I'atlier was 
Secretary of War under Jefi'er.son; linislied his studies 
at Salem, Ma-ssacbusetts, and commenced to practice 
in tliat city; removed to Portland, and superin'en.ied 
the erection of the forts in the Harbor; wasappoiMcd 
Collector of the Port of Boston, by President Madi- 
son, (liaving been prCNiously made Deputy Collector 
by his father when Collector), as an inducement for 
his father to accept tlie comnuind of the army, and 
held the otBce until removed by ISenoral Jackson in 
1829; in 1812 was Brigadier of Militia, and had tlie 
command of the troops in Boston Harbor; in 1821 
w;is a member of tlie Convention for revi.sing the Con- 
stitution of Massachusects; in 1829 was a Representa- 
tive in the Legislature from Ko.xbury; the same year 
was chosen Executive Councilor, and the following 
year a State Senator; from 1831 to 1833 was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress; was soon appointed .\djutant- 
General of Massachusetts, and continued in tliat 
office till 1843, when he was removed for lending 
some of the State arms during the Dorr Kebellion in 
Rhode Island; in 1847 wius chosen Mayor of Roxbury, 
which ofiice he held until his death. While in the 
custom-hoiLse in Boston he wrote and published thice 
volumes on the " Commerce of the Black Sea." He 
also wrote a biography of Commodore Bainbridge, and 



one of his father; a book on Architecture, and a Life 
of Christ. Died in Portland, Maine, July 29, 1851. 

Deberry, Edmtmd ; was born in Montgomery- 
County, North Carolina, Augu.st 14, 1787; was edu- 
cated at the common schools of the county, and hav- 
ing entered public life, in 1806, as a member of the 
State Legislature, continued to serve there, with oc- 
casional intermissions, until 1828; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from North Carolina from 1829 to; 
1831. from 1833 to 184.5, and again from 1849 to 1851. 
Died in his native county in 1859. 

De Bolt, Rezin A. ; was born in Fairfield Coun- 
ty, Ohio, January 20, 1828; received a common 
school education and learned the trade of a tanner; 
read law; went to the bar in 18.i4, and removed to 
Missouri in 1858; was for two years a Commissioner 
of Public Schools; entered the Volunteer Army as 
a Captain, and having been captured at Shiloh, spent 
more than a year in a Southern prison; on being re- 
leased resigned his commission and resumed his pro- 
fession; re-entered the army in 1864, as a Major; was 
elected Circuit Judge, and continued in the office 
until elected a Representative from Missouri to the 
Forty-fourth Congress. 

De Bq-w, James D. B.; was born in Charleston, 
South Carolina, July 10, 1820; was employed for 
seven years in a mercantile house; graduated at 
Charleston College in 1843; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bill in Charleston in 1844; became edi- 
tor of the Southern Quarterly lieriew; an article by 
him upon "Oregon and the Oregon Question" at- 
tracted much attention and occasioned a debate in 
the French Chamber of Deputies; in 1845 removed 
to New Orleans and established De Bow's Commereial 
Bcrieir; w.os Professor of Political Economy and Com- 
mercial Statistics in the University of Louisiana in 
1848; and was for three years at the head of the 
Census Bureau of Louisiana; in 1853 was appointed 
Superintendent of the United States Census; was Pres- 
ident of the Commercial Convention at Knoxville in 
1857; contributed several articles to the "Encyclopedia 
Brittanica;" was one of the founders of the Louisiana 
Historical Society, now the Academy of Science; dis- 
continued tlie publication of the Review during the 
civil war; resumed it in New York, and afterward."* 
at Nashville; was the author of "Encyclopedia ol 
the Trade and Commerce of the United .States," 
"The Southern Sintes, their Agriculture, Commerce 
etc.," " Industrial Resources of the .Southwest," and 
"Compendium of the Seventh United Stiites Cen- 
sus." Died in Elizabeth, New Jersey, February 27, 
1867. 

Deering, Nathaniel C; was born at Denmark, 
Maine, September 2, 1827; received a common .school 
and academic education; was a Representative in the 
State Legislature in 1855 and 1856; removed to 
Osage, Iowa, in 1857; was a Clerk in the United 
States Senate for sever.al years; then a Special Agent 
of the Post Office Department, serving until 1869; 
was a National Bank Examiner from 1872 to 1877; 
was elected a Rejiresentative from Iowa to the For- 
ty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses; 
declined a re-nomination. 

Defrees, John D.; was born in Sparta, Tennes- 
see, November 10, 1810; after receiving a year's 
schooling in a log school-house, bega.i, at the age of 
thirteen, to learn the business of printing; read law 
with Thomas Corwin in Oliio; settled at South Bend, 
Indiana, in 1831; served in the Legislature of that 
State for eight years; was for many years the owner 
and editor of the Inilimm State Journal; in 1861 w.as 
ajipointed, by President Lincoln, Superintendent of 
Public Printing. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



135 



Defrees, Joseph H.; was born in Carthage, 
"White County, Tennessee, May 13, 1812; received a 
good common school education; spent his early days 
in the printing business; suhsciiuently turned his at- 
tention to merchandising in Indiana; in 183(j was 
elected Sheriff of" Elkhart County, and was re-elected 
in 1838; in 1849 wa.s elected to the Indiana Legisla- 
ture; in 1850 to the State Senate; in IHOl was chosen 
a Eepresentative from Indiana to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Banking and 
Curreni'y, and Koads and Canals. 

Degener, Ed^ward ; ■was born in Brunswick, 
Germany, October 20, 1809; received an academic 
edncation in England and Germany; was member of 
a legislative body in Anhalt-Dessan, and a member 
of the tirst German Parliament in Frankfort; came to 
the United States in 18,50, and settled in Sisterdale, 
Texas, as a farmer; was court-martialed and impris- 
oned by the Confederates for his devotion to the 
Union cause; after his release remained in San Anto- 
nio and engaged in mercantile pursuits; was a mem- 
ber of the Constitutional Convention in 1866, in 
which he favored universal suffrage; was again a 
member of the Constitutional Convention in 1868; 
was elected to the Forty-first Congress, serving on 
several committees. 

DeGraff, John I.; was a Representative in Con- 
gre.ss from New York from 1827 to 1829, and again 
IJrom 1837 to 1839. 

Deitz, William ; was born in Schoharie County, 
New York ; was a member of the New Y'ork Assem- 
bly in 1814 and 181.5; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1825 to 1827; a State Sen- 
ator from 1830 to 1833. 

De Jamette, Daniel C; was born in Caroline 
County, Virginia, in 1822; received a liberal educa- 
tion ; "adopted the occuptition of a farmer ; served 
many years in the Legislature of Virginia; was 
electeda Representative from that State to the Thir- 
ty-sixth Congress, serving on the Committee on Rev- 
olutionary Claims; re-elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committee on the District of 
Columbia; withdrew in 1861. 

Delahay, Mark W.; was an early emigrant to 
Kansas; was appointed Judge of the t'nited States 
District Court for the District of Kansas. 

De La Matjrr, Gilbert; was born at Pharsalia, 
New York, .Tuly 8, 1825; received an academic edu- 
cation; graduated in the Theological Course of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church in 1854. and became 
an Itinerant Elder of that church; was a mem- 
ber of the General Conferen(-e in 1868, and was 
Presiding Elder for one term; was a chaplain in the 
Union Army from 1862 to lH(i5; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Indiana to the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Delano, Charles ; was born in Braintrce, Massa- 
chusetts, in 1820; graduated at Amheist College in 
1840; studied law, and came to the bar in l-<42; in 
1850 was appointed Trc^asuier of Hampshire County; 
was elected a Representative from Massachusetts to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a membei- of 
the Committee on Rcvohitionairy Pensions; re-elected 
to the Thirty-seventh Congress. 

Delano, Columbus; was born in Shoreham, 
Vermont, in 1H09; removed to Mount Vernon, Oliio. 
in 1817; was admitted to the bar in 1831, and became 
eminently successful, lioth as a criminal prosecutor 
and an advocate; in 1844 was electe<l a Representa- 
tive from Ohio to the Twenty-ninth Congress, and 
served on the Committci-on Invalid Pensions; in ]>i47 



was a candidate for Governor, but lacked two votes 
of a nomination; in 1860 was a Delegate to the 
Chicago Convention; in 1861 was ai)pointed Commis- 
sary-General of Ohio, and lilled the ollice with great 
success until the general go\ernment assumed the 
subsistence of all State troops; in 18(!2 was a candi- 
date for United States Senator, but again lacked two 
votes of nomination; in lW(i3 was elected to the 
House of Representatives of Ohio, and was a promi- 
nent mendier of that body, taking a leading part in 
shaping the important legislation of that session; in 
1864 Wixs a member of the Baltimore Convention, and 
Chairman of the Ohio Delegation, zealously support- 
ing President Lincoln and .Andrew Johnson; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Claims; having relin- 
quished the practice of his profession, he became 
extensively engaged in agricultural pursuits, and the 
business of banking; was a Delegate to the Philar 
delphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866; in 1868 
successfully contested the seat of G. W. Morgan for 
the Fortieth Congress; after leaving Congress was 
appointed Commissioner of Internal Revenue; was 
appointed Secretary of the Interior Department, by 
President (Jrant, in 1870, and resigned in 1875. 

Delaplaine, Isaac C; was born in New York; 
was elected a Representative from that State to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Public Buildings and Grounds. 

De Large, Robert C; was born in Aiken, South 
Carolina, March 15, 1842; bred a farmer; was agent 
of the Freedmen's Bureau in 1867; in 1868 was 
elected to the State Constitutional Convention; was 
a member of the State Legislature from 1868 to 1870; 
was one of the State Commissioners of the Sinking 
Fund; elected, in 1870, State Land Commissioner; 
was elected to the Forty-second Congress. 

De Lisle, Moreau ; was appointed, by President 
Jefferson, United States Judge for the Territory of 
Orleans, in 1808. 

Dellet, James ; was a native of Ireland; was one 
of the early graduates of the University of South 
Carolina, iti 1810; adopted the profession of the law, 
coming to the bar in 1813; was a Commissioner in 
Equity; removed to Alabama in 1818, where he was 
appointed a .Tudge of the Circuit Court, and fre- 
([Uently represented his County in the State Legisla- 
ture; was a Representative in Congress from Alabama 
from 18.39 to 1841, and again from 1843 to 1845. 
Died at Claibourne, December 21, 1848, aged sixty 
years. 

Delmar, Alexander ; -was born in New York, 
August 9, 1836; was editor of the Siit-iiil Scirnn: Kcvkw 
in 1864; in 1866 w.is appointed Director of the Bu- 
reau of Statistics, which he assisted in organizing, 
holding the ollice until it was abolished; suhseciucnily 
devoted .some attention to literary pursuits, and 
jirintcd an account of his experience in the Treasury 
Department, as well as several works on political 
economy. 

De Long, Charles E.; was a citizen of Nevada; 
was ai)l)ointed Minister Resident to .lapan in 1869, 
and in ls7(l .(ininiissioned as Minister Pleniiiotcntiary 
to the same country, where he remained until 1873. 

Deming, Benjamin F.; was born at Danville, 
Vermont; recei\i'd a common school education; 
served a number of years as clerk in a store; was 
Clerk of the Conrt in his native <-ounty for sixteen 
years; was elected a Kepre.sentativc in Congress, from 
Vcrniont. for the term from ls:i:{ to 1K!5. Died at 
Saratoga Springs, whither he had gone for his health, 
Julv 11, l.-<34. 



136 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Deming, Henry C; was bom in Connecticut: 
graduated at Yale College in 1836, and at the Law 
.School of Harvard College in 1838; was a member of 
the Connecticut Legislature in 1849 and 1850, and 
also from 1S59 to 1861, serving as Speaker during the 
latter year; in 1851 was a member of the State Sen- 
ate; subsequently presided over the city of Hartford 
as Mayor for six years; in 1861, as Colonel of the 
Twelfth Regiment of Connecticut Volunteers, went 
to New Orleans, and participated in the capture of 
that city; in October, 1863, was appointed Mayor of 
New Orleans, which position he held until February, 
1863, when he resigned both that office and his com- 
mission in the army, and returned home; two months 
afterwards was elected a Representative from Con- 
necticut to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Military Aftairs, and as Chairman 
of the Committee on Expenditures in the War De- 
partment; re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on the Death of President 
Lincoln, as well as on his former Committees; was 
one of the Representatives appointed to attend the 
funeral of General Scott, in ISlifi': was also a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866: 
was subsequently appointed a Collector of Internal 
Revenue. Died in Harttbrd October 9, 1872. 

De Mott, John ; was bom in New Jersey; was a 
member of tlie New York Assembly in 1833; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 18-15 
to 1847. 

De Motte, Mark L.; was born at Rockville, Indi- 
ana, December 28, 1832; graduated in the Ethical 
Department of the Asbury University, Indiana, in 
1853, and in the Law Department of that institution 
in 1855; entered upon the practice of law at Valpa- 
raiso, Indiana; was elected Prosecuting Attorney in 
1856; served as a Captain in the Union Array during 
the War of the Rebellion; at the close of the war re° 
moved to Lexington, Missouri, and practiced law: 
was editor and proprietor of the Lexington /.' jisin 
newspaper for eight years; was an unsuccessful candi- 
date for Congress in 1872 and 1876; in the latter year 
was a Delegate to the Republican National Conven- 
tion; returned to Valparaiso, Indiana, in 1877; was 
elected a Representative from Indiana to the Forty- 
seventh Congress. 

Denby, Charles ; was born at Mount Joy, Bot- 
tetourt County, Virginia, June 16, 1830; was'partly 
edticated at Georgetown University, in the District 
of Columbia, and was graduated from Virginia Mili- 
tary Institute, with high honors, in 1850; went at 
once to Selma, Alabama, where he became a Profes- 
sor in the Masonic University at that place; remained 
in this position until 1853, when he went to Evans- 
ville, Indiana, and became Assistant Editor of the 
Ev.msville Enquirer: while thus engaged studied law ■ 
in 1855 was admitted to the bar and commenced 
the practice of luwat Evansville; in 1856 was elected 
a Representative in the Indiana Legislature; at the 
expiration of his term resumed the practice of his 
profession; in 1861 was prominent in raising volun- 
teers for the Union Army and was commissioned 
Lieutenant-Colonel of an Indiana Regiment; served 
until 1863, and was promoted Colonel for gallant 
conduct; was then compelled, by ill-health, to re- 
3ign; resumed hLs law ])ractice, which was very lar^e : 
was a Delegate to the National Democratic Conven- 
tions of 1876 and 1884; in June, 1885, was appointed 
oy President Cleveland, United States Minister t<i 
China. 

Denison, Charles ; was born in Wyoming Val- 
ley, Pennsylvania, January 23, 1818; graduated ai 
Dickinson College in 1829; adopted and practiced the 



profession of the law; was elected a Representative 
from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-eighth Congre.ss, 
serving on the Committee on Indian Alfairs; re-elected 
to the Thirty-ninth CongTess, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Indian Affairs and Expenditures in the 
Navy Department; re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, but died in Wilkesbarre, June 27, 1867. 

Denison, Dudley Chase ; was born at Royal- 
ton, Vermont, September 13, 1819; received a classi- 
cal education, graduating at the tjniversity of Ver- 
mont in 1840; studied law, and commenced practice 
in 1844; was a State Senator in 1853 and 1854; State's 
.attorney from 1858 to 1860; a member of the State 
House of Representatives in 1861, 1862, and 1863; 
was United States District Attorney for the District 
of Vermont; was elected a Representative Irom Ver- 
iniint to the Forty-fourth Congress; was re-elected to 
the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Denning, "William; was elected a Representa- 
tive from New York to the Eleventh Congress, but 
did not qualify, having resigned before the meeting 
of Congress. 

Dennis, George R.; was born in White Ha-i-eu, 
Somerset County, Maryland. April 8, 1822; gi-adu- 
ated at the Polytechnic Institute of Troy, New York, 
and entered the University of Virginia; studied med- 
icine at the University of Pennsylvania, and gradu- 
ated in 1843; practiced his profession for many years; 
retired, and devoted his attention principally to ag- 
ricultural pursuits; was President of the Eastern 
Shore Railroad; was a Delegate from the State at 
large to the National Whig Convention, at Philadel- 
phia, in 1856; also to the Democratic National Con- 
vention, at New York, in 1863, serving as one of the 
Vice Presidents of that body; waselected to the State 
.Senate of Maryland in 1854; to the House of Dele- 
gates in 1867, and again to the Senate in 1871 ; was 
elected to the United States Senate for the term com- 
mencing in 1873 and ending in 1879, serving on the 
Committees on Commerce, Claims, and Senate Ex- 
penses. 

Dennis, John ; was born in Somerset Countyt 
Maryland, December 17, 1771; was educi'.tei a* 
I'riuceton College; studied law, and came to the bari 
'.vas elected a Representative in Congress from Mary- 
land in 1796; was re-elected to five successive Con- 
ijresses, and was a prominent member of the Judiciary 
Committee; died in Philadelphia, August 17, 1807, 
soon after ending his honorable career in Congress. 
His son bearing the same name was also a member 
of Congress. 

Dennis, John ; was born in Somerset County, 
Maryland, in 1807; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State, from 1837 to 1841 ; was twice 
elected to the State Legislature; was a member of 
the Maryland State Convention in 1850; was edu- 
cated for the bar, but relinquished professional life 
tor the pursuits of agriculture. Died of consnmption, 
November 1, 1859; son of John Dennis, who was a 
member of Congress. 

Dennis, Littleton P.; graduated at Y'ale College 
in 1803; served manv years in the Legislature of 
Maryland; was a Presidential Elector in 1800, 1812, 
1816, 1824, and 1828; was elected a Representative 
in Congress from Maryland in 1833. Died at Wash- 
ington, April 14, 1834, before the expiration of his 
'erni in Congress. 

Dennison, George; was born in Luzerne, 
County, Pennsylvania, and was a Representative in' 
Congress from that State, from 1819 to 1823; was for' 
many years Register and Recorder of Luzernej 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



137 



County, and, before, as well ius after, his service in 
Congress, Wiis frequently returned to the Legislature. 
Died at Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania, in 1831, while 
in office. 

Dennison, "William; was horn In Cincinnati, 
Ohio, Novemlicr 23, 181.'); graiUiated at Miami Uni- 
vei'sity in lt<3.'j; studied law, and came to the bar in 
1840; settled in Columbus, where he practiced his 
profession until 1848; during tliat year was elected 
to tlic Legislature; in 1852 was a Presidential Elector; 
about that time was made President of the Exchange 
Bank of Columbus, and also President of the Colum- 
bus and Xenia Railroad Company; in 185(j was a 
Deleg.ite to the "Pittsburg Convention" which in- 
augurated the Republican party, and took an active 
part in its proceedings; was also a Delegate to the 
"Philadelphia Convention" of the same year; in 
1860 and 1801 was Governor of Ohio, ami did much 
toward organizing the Volunteer Army for subduing 
the Rebellion; was Chairman of the "Ohio Conven- 
tion," held in 18(i2; a Delegate to the " IJaltimore 
Convention" of 1864, over which he presided as 
President; in October, 18U4, became a member of 
President Lincoln's Cabinet as Postmaster-General, 
•which position he resigned; in 1874 w.as appointed 
one of the Commissioners for the Government of the 
District of Columbia. Died June 15, 1882. 

Denny, Arthur A.; was born in Indiana in 
1822; went with his parents to Kno.x County, Illi- 
nois, when fourteen years of age; was for eight j'ears 
Surveyor of Knox County; in 1851 removed to the 
Pacific coast, and settled at Puget's Sound, in what 
is now, called Washington Territory; was a member 
of the Territorial Legislature from 1853 to 18(il; was 
four years Register of the Land Office at Olympia; 
■was elected a Delegate from Washington Territory to 
the Thirty -ninth Congress. 

Denny, Hannar ; was bom in Pittsburg, Penn- 
Bj'lvania, in 1794; graduated at Dickinson College; 
was a member of the Legislature of his native State; 
was a Representative in Congress from 1829 to 1837; 
■was a member of the Convention which formed the 
present Constitution of Pennsylvania. Died in Pitts- 
burg, January 29, 1852. 

Denoyelles, Peter; was a Representative in 
Congress, from New York, from 1813 to 1815. 

Dent, George ; was a Representalivc in Congress 
from Maryland, from 1793 to 1801; was, in the latter 
year, appointed United States Marshal for the Poto- 
mac District; during the third session of the Fifth 
Congress was elected Speaker of the House of Repre- 
sentatives. 

Dent, Williani B. "W. ; w;is born in Maryland; 
■was a Representative in Congress from Georgia from 
1853 to 1855. 

Den^ver, James "W.; was born in Winchester, 
Virginia, in 1818; when quite young emigrated to 
Ohio with his parents; received a good education; in 
1841 went to Missouri, where he taught school and 
studied law; served in the Me.\ican War as a Cap- 
tain, under appointment from President Polk; in 
1850 went to California, where he ■was ap|)ointed a 
member of the Relief Committee to protect emi- 
grants, and afterwards Secretary of State of Califor- 
nia; wiis a Representative from California in the 
Thirty-fourth Congress; was appointed, by President 
Buchanan, Commissioner of Indian .Vtl'airs, which 
office he resigned to accept the appointment of Gov- 
ernor of the Territory of Kansas, which position he 
resigned in November, 1858, and w;is re-appointed 
Commissioner of Indian Att'airs; resigned, March, 



1859; was a Delegate to the Cleveland '.Soldiers' 
Convention " of 18()(i; settled in Washington City as 
an Attorney-at-Law. 

Derbigny, Peter ; was one of three Commis- 
sioners to revise tlie laws of Louisiana in 1820; 
was Governor of tliat State from 1828 until his death, 
which occurred October G, 1829. 

Desaussure, Henry W.; was Imrn in 17(i4; w.as 
a lawyer by profession; was engaged in the defense 
of Charleston during the Revolutionary War, and 
after the organization of the United States Govern- 
ment was appointed, by President Washington, Di- 
rector of the Mint; filled this office a short time, and 
returned to Charleston to resunu' the practice of law, 
and rose to eminence; was Chancellor of South Caro- 
lina from 1808 to 18.37; published four volumes of 
Ecjuity Reports, which contain the early decisions of 
the Equity Court of South Carolina; delivered an 
oration before the South Carolina Historical Society, 
July 4, 1798. Died in Chnvleston, South Carolina, 
March 29, 1839. 

Desaussure, 'Williani F.; was born in Charles- 
ton, South Carolina, in 1792; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1810; adopted the profession of the 
law; was a Senator in Congress from his native State 
from 1852 to 1853. 

Desha, Joseph; was born in Pennsylv.ania, De- 
cember 9, 1768; emigi'ated to Kentucky in 1781; in 
1794 served as a volunteer in the e.\pedition against 
the Indians, under General W.iyne; served for a time 
in the State Legislature; fouglit at the battle of the 
Thames as a Major-(.;i-:R-ral; w.-is a Representative in 
Congress from Kentucky from 1807 to 1819; was Gov- 
ernor of Kentucky for four years from 1824. Died 
at Georgetown, Kentucky, October 13, 1842. 

Desha, Robert ; was a prominent merchant of 
Mobile; was a Representative in Congress iVom Ten- 
nessee from 1827 to 1831; was the brother of Joseph 
Desha. Died February 8, 1849. 

Destrihan, John Noel; was a Senator in Con- 
gress from Louisiana f -r a part of the j'ear 1812. 

Deuster, Peter Victor ; was born near Aix-la- 
Chapelle, in Rhenish Prussia, Germany, February 
13, 1831; received an academic education; emigrated, 
with liis parents, to the United States in 1847, and 
settled at Milwaukee, Wisconsin; learned the art of 
printing; becune editor and publisher of a new.spa- 
per; was a member of the State House of Represent- 
atives in 181)2; .State Senator in 1870 and 1871 ; was 
elected a Representative from Wisconsin to the For- 
ty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Con- 
gresses. 

De^wart, Le^wis ; was a native of Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1831 to 1833. 

De^wrart, Williani L.; was born in Penn.sylvauia; 
was a lawyer by profession; w.as a member of the 
Thirty-lifth Congress trom his native State ; was 
Chairman of the Committee on Uniinished Business. 

Deweese, John T.; was born in Crawford Coun- 
ty, Ark.insas, June 4, 1835; studied law and adopted 
that profession; entered the Volunteer Army in 18(>1; 
promoted to the rank i»f Colonel in 1803; after the 
war was commissioned a Lieutenant in the Regular 
Army, and stationed in North Carolina; after holding 
the office of Regi.ster in Bankruptcy for a time, vras 
elected a Representative from North Carolina to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committee on the 
Militia; was re-elected to the Forty-lii-st Congress, 



138 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



serving on the Committees on Indian Affairs, Revo- 
lutionary Pensions, and as Chairman of those on the 
Interior Department and Revolutionary Pensions, 
but left under a cloud. 

De'wey. Daniel; was born in Sheffield, Massa- 
chusetts, January 29, 1766; was a la^vyer, having 
studied under Theodore Sedgwick, and attained a 
high rank in his profession; was a member of the 
Council of the State; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Massachusetts in 1813 and 1814, when he 
resigned; was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court 
of Massachusetts in 1814. Died June 3, 1815. 

De'Wey, Nelson; was the first Governor ofWis- 
consin alter it became a State, serving as such from 
1848 to 18.51. 

De "Witt, Alexander ; was born in Worcester 
County, Massachusetts, April 2, 1797; was a Repie- 
sentative in the Massachusetts Legislature from 1830 
■ to 1836; devoted himself to the manufacturing busi- 
ness; w;is a Bank President; was a State Senator in 
1842, 1844, 18.50, and 1851; a member of Hie Consti- 
tutional Convention of 1853; was a Representative in 
Congress from Massachusetts from 1853 to 1857. 

De "Witt, Charles; was born in 1728; was a 
Delegate from New York to the Continental Con- 
gress from 1783 to 1785. Died at Kingston, New 
"Vork, in September, 1787. 

De "Witt, Charles G. ; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1829 to 1831 ; was ap- 
. pointed Charge d'Affaiirs for Central America in 1833. 
Died at Newburg, April 13, 1839. 

De "Witt, David Miller; was born in Patterson, 
New Jersey, November 25, 1837; graduated at Rut- 
gers College, New Brunswick, in 1858; studied law 
in New York and Brooklyn, and practiced his profes- 
' sion; was elected District Attorney of Ulster County 
• in 1862, and re-elected in 1865; was elected to the 
Forty-third Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Private Land Claims. 

De "Witt, Jacob H.; was born in Ulster County, 
New York ; was a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1819 to 1821; a member of the New 
York As.sembly in 1839 and in 1847. Died at Kings- 
ton, New York, January 30, 18.57, aged seventy- 
three years. 

De "Wolfe, James ; was a Senator of the United 
States from Rhode Island from 1821 to 1825, when he 
resigned. Died in the City of New Y'ork, December 
21, 1837, aged seventy-four years. 

Dexter, Samuel ; was a native of Massachu- 
setts, and born May 14, 1761; graduated at Harvard 
College in 1781; having studied law at Worcester 
with Levi Lincoln, soon rose to professional emi- 
nence; was a member of the House of Representa- 
tives in Congress from Jlassachusetts from 1793 to 
179.5, and was elected to the United States Senate, 
serving from 1799 to 1800; during the administration 
of .lohn Adams was appointed Secretary of War in 
1800, and Secretary of the Treasury in January, 
1801; for a short time, also, had the charge of the 
Department of State; on the accession of Mr. Jeffer- 
son to the Presidency, held the office of Secretary of 
tlie Treasury, and not complying witli an intimation 
to resign, Mr. Gallatin was api>ointecl in his place; in 
]sl2 abandoned the iiarty to which he had aUvay.s 
been attached, and became a leader on the other 
side, and, as such, was a candidate for Governor of 
Massachusetts, in 1815 and 1816, in opposition to 
Governor Brooks; a mission to Spain was offered him 
by President Ma*lison, in 1815; died May 3, 1816, in 



Athens, New Y'ork. He was a warm advocate of 
temperance, and published various papers on sci- 
ence, freemasonry, and politics. 

Dezendorf, John F.; was born in Lansingburg, 
New York, August 10, 1834; received an academic 
education; learned the trade of a carpenter and then 
studied architecture and surveying; engaged in va^ 
rious pursuits, removing to Norfolk, Virginia, in 
1863, and engaging in the shipping business; was 
City and County Surveyor from 1866 to 1869; was 
Assistant Assessor of Internal Revenue from 1869 to 
1871 ; was a Delegate to the Republican National Con- 
vention of 1876; was defeated for Congress in 1878; 
was elected a Representative from Virginia to the 
Forty-seventh Congr&ss. 

Dibble, Samuel ; was born at Charleston, South 
Carolina, September 16, 1837; graduated at Wofford 
College, South Carolina, in 1856; taught school and 
studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1859 and 
ooramenced practice at Orangeburg, South Carolina; 
served in the Confederate Army during the War of 
the Rebellion; was elected a Representative in the 
State Legislature in 1877; Trustee of the University 
of South Carolina in 1878; received the certificate of 
election as a Representative from South Carolina to 
the Forty-seventh Congress, to fill the vacancy alleged 
to have been occasioned by the death of M. P. O'Con- 
nor, but the House of Representatives decided that 
O'Connor had not been elected, and gave the seat to 
E. W. Mackey, O'Connor's opponent; was elected to 
the Forty-eighth Congress, and re-elected to the For- 
ty-ninth Congress. 

Dibrell, George G.; was born on a farm in 
White County, Tennessee, April 12, 1822; was edu- 
cated at Knoxville College; in 1840 was elected 
Clerk of the Bank of Tennessee, at Sparta; in 1846 
declined a re-election and engaged in mercantile 
business; in 1848 was ma<le Clerk of the County 
Court; was re-elected three times successively; re- 
signed in 1860; in 1861 was elected as Union candi- 
date for the Convention; in August of the same year 
was elected to the Legislature, but volunteered in the 
Confederate service; in 1862 raised a regiment of 
cavalry, and served until 1863 in General Forrest's 
Brigade; was made Brigadier-General in 1864; took 
charge of the archives at Greensborough after the sur- 
render; returned to his farm after the war; in 1869 
was chosen a Delegate to the State Constitutional 
Convention; was elected President of the South- 
western Railroad; in 1874 was elected a Representa- 
tive from Tennessee to the Forty-fourth Congress; 
was re-elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty- 
seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Dichman, Ernest ; was born in 1845; was edu- 
cated at the German-American Academy, Milwau- 
kee, Wisconsin; was appointed a Naval Cadet in 
1860; graduated from the Naval Academy in 1863, 
and was commissioned a Midshipman; served in the 
South Atlantic Squadron until the close of the Civil 
War; rose, through the inteim-diate grades, to the 
rank of Lieutenant-Commander; resigned his com- 
mission in 1871; having studied law was admitted to 
the bar and engaged in practice; was United States 
Minister to Columbia from 1878 to 1881, when he re- 
signed; engaged in the business of banking in the 
city of New York. 

Dick, John ; was a citizen of Louisiana, and, in 
1821, was appointed Judge of the United States Court 
for the District of Louisiana, 

Dick, John; was born in Pennsylvania; was 
bred a merchant; was a member of Congress from 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



139 



that State in 1854 and 1855; was re-elected to the 
Thirty-fourth and Tliirty-tillli Congresses, serving as 
a member of the Committee on Accounts. 

Dick, Robert P. ; was born at Greensboro, North 
Carolina, October 5, 1823; received a classical educa- 
tion, graduating from the Univei-sity of North Caro- 
lina in June, 1843; studied law, and wa.s admitted 
to the bar in 1846; was appointed United States Dis- 
trict Attorney for tlie District of North Carolina in 
18.53 and remained in tliat ollice until Isiil; was 
elected a Delegate to the State Constitutional Conven- 
tions of 1861 and 1865; was a State .Senator in 
1804-5; was elected an Associate Justice of the 
Supreme Court of North Carolina in April, 1868, and 
remained in that office until .June 7, 1872, when he 
■was appointed United States District Judge tor the 
Western District of North Carolina, continuing to 
reside at Greensboro, liis native place. 

Dick, Samuel ; was a physician ; was a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress from New Jersey in 1783 
and 1784. Died in New Jersey in November, 1812. 

Dick, Samuel B.; was born in Meadville, Penn- 
sylvania, October 26, 1836; was educated at Alle- 
gheny College, Pennsylvania; engaged in the bank- 
ing business; entered the Union Army in 1861, and 
rose to the rank of Colonel; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1864; wa.s Mayor of his native city in 1870; com- 
manded a brigade of Pennsylvania State Militia in 
West Virginia in 1873; was elected a Representative 
from Pennsylvania to the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Dickons, Asbury ; was born in North Carolina 
in 1773; received a good education; spent his early 
life in Philadelphia; afterwards spent several years 
in Europe; was a clerk in the Treasury Department 
under Secretary Crawford; Chief Clerk of the State 
Department under Secretary Van Buren ; was Secre- 
tary of the United States Senate from 1836 to 1861. 
Died in Washington, October 23, 1861. 

Dickens, Samuel ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from North Carolina during the years 1816 and 
1817. 

Dickerson, Mahlon ; was born in Morris County, 
New Jersey, April 17. 1770; graduated at Princeton 
College in 178U; studied law; in early life resided in 
Pennsylvania, where he Wiis Recorder of the city of 
Philadelphia, and subsequent!}- Quartermaster-Gen- 
eral of the State; returned to New Jersey, and was 
elected to the Legislature of that State; was ,Iudgc 
of the Supreme Court of New .Jersey; was elected 
Governor of that State in 1815, and held the office 
until 1817, when he was chosen United States Sen- 
ator from New .Tersey, and continued in that office tor 
sixteen years, serving as Chairman of the Committee 
on Manul'actures, and as a member of other Commit- 
tee.s; in 1834 became Secretary of the Navy in the 
Cabinet of President Jackson, and held that otlice 
until 18.38, .sonic two years aft<'r the accession of 
President Van Biuen; for two years was President of 
the American Institute: before entering the Navy 
Department, was appointed Minister to Rn.ssia, but 
declined. Died in Morris County, New .lersey, Octo- 
ber 5, 1853, having, in liis later years, been exten- 
sively engaged in the iron business. 

Dickerson, Philemon ; was the brother of Mah" 
Ion Dickerson, a native of New .Jersey; was a Kepre- 
sentative in Congress from tlie Paterson District, in 
that State, from 1833 to 1835. and again from 1839 to 
1841 ; in 18.56 was Governor of New Jersey; wassubse- 
queutly appointed Judge of the J'nited States District 
Court ii)r New Jersey. Died at I'atcrson, New Jer- 
sey, Det:ember 10, 1862, aged about seventy years. 



Dickey, Henry L.; was born at South Salem' 
Ohio, October 29, 1832; received an academic eilucji" 
tion; became a civil engineer, and engaged in railway 
constnictiim until 1855; then studied law and was 
admitted to the l)ar; afterwards gra<luated at the 
Cincinnati Law School, in 1859; was a Representative 
in the State Legislature in 1861 ; was a State Senator 
in 1867 and lH(i8; was elected a Representative from 
Ohio to the Forty-tifth and Forty-sixth Congresses. 

Dickey, Jesse C; was Jiorn in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress liom that State 
from 1849 to 1851. 

Dickey, John; was a member of Congress from 
Penn.sylvania from 1843 to 1845, and from 1K|7 to 
1849; at the time of his death was United States 
Mai-shal for Western Pennsylvania. Died in Beaver 
County, March 14, 1853. 

Dickey, Oliver J. ; was born in Brighton, Beaver 
County, Penn.syhania, April (!, 1823; jwssed through 
the junior year at Dickinson College; studied law in 
Lancaster; never held any public office, except Dis- 
trict Attorney for Lancaster County, from 1856 to 
1859; was elected to fill the vacancy in the Fortieth 
Congre-ss caused by the death of Thaddeus Stevens, 
with whom he had studied law; wiis re-elected to the 
Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses, ser\ing on 
the Committees on Appropriations and the Navy De- 
partment. 

Dickey, T. Lyle ; was a citizen of Illinois, from 
which State he %vas, in 1866, appointed Assistant 
Attorney-Cieueral of the United States, serving about 
a year. 

Dickinson, AndrOTSr B.; was a citizen of New 
York; in 1861 was appointed Minister Resident to 
Nicaragua, where he remained until 1869; received 
two commissions, the last one making him Minister 
Plenipotentiary and I^uvoy Extraordinary. 

Dickinson, Daniel S.; was born in Goshen, 
Litchtield County, Connecticut, SeptemJjer 11, 1800; 
removed, with his father, to Chenango County, New 
York, in 1806; received a common-school education; 
in 1821 entered upon the duties as a school teacher, 
and, without the aid of an instructor, mastered the 
Latin language, and became versed in the higher 
branches of mathematics and other sciences; studied 
law; came to the bar in 1830, and settled in Bing- 
hamton, where he long practiced his profession with 
success; in 1836 was elected to the State Senate, serv- 
ing from 1837 to 1840; was Judge of the Court of 
Errors from 1836 to 1841; from 1842 to 1844 wius 
President of that Court; was Lieutenant-Governor, 
and President of the Senate; w.as a Regent of the 
University of New York in 1843; was a member of 
the Convention which nominated J. K. I'olk for 
President; a Presidential Elector in 1844; was a 
Senator in Congress from New York from 1844 to 
1851, serving on important committees, originating 
and ably supporting several important measures; was 
a Delegate to the Baltimore Conventions of \H-l'< and 
1853; in 1861 was elected Attorney-tii'ueral of the 
State of New York; was a Delegate to the " 15alti- 
niore Convention •' of 1H64; in 1865 was appointed, 
Iiy President Lincoln, United Stat<'s District .\ttorney 
for the Southern District of New York. Died suddenly 
in New York City, .Vjiril 12, 1866. Before accepting 
his last public ])osition he declined .several a))|>oint- 
ments tendered to him by the President of the 
United States and the Governor of New York; his 
'■ Lite and Works " were published in 1867, in two 
volumes. 



140 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Dickinson, David W.; was a Repiesentative in 
Congress from Tennessee from 1833 to 1835; and 
again from 1843 to 1845. Died at Franklin, Tennes- 
see, April 27, of the latter year. 

Dickinson, Ed'ward.; was born in Amherst, 
Massachusetts, January 1, 1803; his father was the 
founder of the college at that place; graduated at 
Yale College in 18i3; studied law, and came to the 
bar in 1826; was made Treasurer of Amherst Col- 
lege, and held the position many years; was a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature in 1838 and 1839; of the 
State Senate in 1842 and 1843; of the Governor's 
Council in 1846 and 1847; was a Representative in 
Congress from 1853 to 1855; was again elected to the 
State Legislature in 1873; on the day of his death 
(June 16, 1874,) he delivered a speech on the rail- 
road interests of Massachusetts. 

Dickinson, Edward F. ; was horn in Fremont, 
Ohio, January 21, 1829; graduated at St. Xavier Col- 
lege in Cincvinati; adopted the profession of the law; 
served three years in the Union Army as a Lieuten- 
ant and Regime7ita! Quartermaster; was elected 
Judge of Probate for Sandusky County in 1866; was 
elected a Representative from Ohio to the Forty-first 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Mines and 
Mining. 

Dickinson, John ; was born in Maryland, No- 
vember 13, 17:;2; studied law in Philadelphia, and 
spent three years at the Temple in Ijondon; on his 
return to America commenced practice in I'liiladel- 
phia; in 1764 was a member of the Assembly, and in 
1765 of the General Congress; was a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress Irom 1774 to 1776, and opposed 
the Declaration of Independence, fearing the strength 
of the country insufficient to take so important a 
stand, but was the only member of Congress to face 
the enemy a few days after the publication of the 
Declaration; from 1776 to 1777 was a Delegate to 
Congress from Delaware, and again from 1779 to 
17f<0, and signed the Articles of Confederation as well 
as the Constitution; in 1781 was President of that 
State; in 1782 was chisen President of Pennsylvania, 
and filled that office until 1785; in 1767 began to 
publish his letters against taxation, and wrote the 
greater portion of the State paj'frs of the First Con- 
gress; his collected writings were published in 1801. 
Died February 14, 1808, aged seventy-five, at Wil- 
mington, His writings were numerous and proved 
him to be a man of very superior ability. 

Dickinson, John D.; w.as born in Middlesex 
County, Connecticut, in 1767; graduated at Yale 
College in 1785: was a memlier of Congress from 
New York from 1819 to 1823, and again from 1827 to 
1831. Died at Troy, January 28, 1841. 

v Dickinson, Philemon ; was born near Dover, 
Delaware, April 5, 1739; was an officer in the Amer- 
ican Revolution, aud enjoyed a great reputation for 
courage and zeal in the cause of liberty; commanded 
the Jersey Militia at the battle of Monmouth; was a 
Delegate from Delaware to the Continental Congress, 
from 1782 to 1783; after the organization of the Na- 
tional Government in its present form, was ap- 
pointed a Senator in Congress from 1790 to 1793; 
having discharged in a satisfactory manner the duties 
of the several civil and military stations which he 
held, he enjoyed several years of retirement from 
public life. Died at Trenton, February 4, 1809. 

Dickinson, Rudolphus ; was born in Massa- 
chusetts; having removed to Ohio, was elected a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1847 
to 1849. Died in August, 1849. 



Dickson, David ; was a member of Congress 
from Mississippi in 1835 and 1836. Died at Little 
Rock, Arkansas, July 31, 1836. 

Dickson, John; graduated at Middlebury Col- 
lege in 1808; was a Representative in Congress from 
New York from 1831 to 1835. Died at West Bloom- 
field, New York, February 22, 1852. 

Dickson, Samuel ; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York during the Thirty-fourth 
Congress. Died at his residence in New Scotland, 
New York, May 3, 1858, in conseijuence of spinal in- 
juries received while in the faithful discharge of his 
public duties at AVashington. He had been bred a 
jihysician, and was universally respected. 

Dickson, William ; was a Representative in 
CongTCSsfrom Tennessee from 1801 to 1807. 

Dillingham, Paul, Jr.; was born in Shutesbnry, 
Franklin County, Massachusetts, August, 1800; re- 
moved to Waterbur^', Vermont, with his father, iu 
1805; received a good education; adopted the profes- 
sion of the law, and was admitted to practice in 
Washington County in 1824; was Town Clerk of 
Waterbury from 1829 to 1844, and Justice of the 
Peace eighteen years; was State's Attorney for Wash- 
ington County from 1835 to 1838; was a member 
of the Constitutional Convention in 1836 and 1837; 
was a Representative to the General Assembly six 
years; State Senator in 1841 and 1842; was elected a 
Representative in Congress ii-om 1843 to 1847, and 
was a member of the Committee on the Judiciary; 
was elected Grovernor of Vermont for the year 1836. 

Dillon, John F.; was born in Washington County, 
New York, December 2.5, 1831; went to Iowa with 
his parents when eight years of age; studied law, and 
came to the bar in 18.52; in that year was elected 
Pro.secuting Attorney ; in 1858, Judge of the Seventh 
Judicial District of Iowa; re-elected in 1862 for a 
second term, but before its expiration was elected to 
the Supreme Bench for six years; did not qualify, 
however, because in 1869 was commissioned United 
States Circuit Judge for the Eighth Judicial Circuit; 
was the author of a work on "Municipal Corpora- 
tions," published in 1873, in two volumes, and also 
of two volumes of "United States Circuit Court 
Reports." 

Diman, Byron ; was Governor of Rhode Island 
for one year, beginning in 1846. 

Dimitry, Alexander; was a native of Louis- 
iana, and a man of uncommon culture; was at one 
time a translator in the Department of State; in 18.59 
was appointed Minister Resident to Costa Rica and 
Nicaragua, where he remained until 1861. 

Dinunick, Milo M.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1849 to 1853. Died at jVIauch Chunk, Novem- 
ber 21, 1872. 

Dimmick, ■William H.; was born in Miltbrd, 
Pike County, Pennsylvania, December 20, 1815; re- 
ceived an academic education, and adopted the pro- 
fession of the law; was Prosecuting Attorney for the 
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania for Wayne County 
in 1836 and 1837; was a member of the State Senate 
in 1845, 1846, and 1847; was elected a Representative 
from Pennsylvania in the Thirty-fifth Congress, offi- 
ciating as Chairman of the Joint Committee on the 
Library; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Printing. Died at 
Honesdale, Pennsylvania, August 2, 1861. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



141 



Dimock, Davis, Jr.; was a Representative in 
Congress iVoni Pennsylvania from 1841 to 1842. Died 
January 13, 1842. 

Dimond, Francis M.; was Governor of Rliode 
Island for one year, beginning in 1853. 

Dingley, Nelson, Jr. ; was born in Durham, 
Maine, Fel>ruary 15, 1832: prosecuted his studies at 
ArVaterville College, but graduated at Dartmouth Col- 
lege in 1855; studied law and was admitted to the 
bar, but never practiced the profession; in 18.56 be- 
came the proprietor and editor of the Lewiston Jour- 
nal; between the years 1862 and 1873 was six times 
elected to the State Legislature, serving as Speaker 
in 1863 and 1864; in 1873 and also in 1874 was elected 
Governor of Maine; was a Delegate to the Republi- 
can National Convention of 1876; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Maine to the Forty-seventh Con- 
gress, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of 
William P. Frye; was re-elected to the Forty-eighth 
and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Dinsmoor, Samuel ; was born at Londonderry, 
New Hampshire, in 1766; graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 1789; was for many years a Major-General 
of Militia; a Presidential Elector in 1821; a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from New Hampshire from 1811 
to 1813; a Judge of Probate; served as Governor of 
his native State dui-ing the years 1831, 1832, and 
1833. Died at Keene, March 15, 1835. 

Dinsmoor, Samuel ; was born in Keene, New 
Hampshire, May 8, 1799; graduated at Dartmouth 
'College in 1814; studied law and came to the bar in 
1618; in 1819 visited Arkansas Territory, where be 
remained a few years; from 1826 to 1831 was Clerk 
of the New Hampshire Senate ; was Governor of that 
State from 1849 to 1853. Died at Keene, February 
24, 1869. 

Disney, David T.; was a native of Baltimore, 
Maryland; removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1820; was 
frequently a member of the State Legislature of 
Ohio, and three times elected Speaker; represented 
his adopted State in Congress trom 1849 to 1855. 
Died in Washington, March 14, 1857, aged fit'ty-four 
years. 

Diven, Alexander S.; was born at the head of 
Seneca Lake, town of Catharine, and coimty of 
Tioga, New York, February 15, 1309; received an 
academic education; studied law and adopted that 
profession; was a Senator in the New York Legisla- 
ture in 1858; was elected a Representative from New 
York to the Thirty-seventh Congre.ss, serving as a 
member of the Committee on the judiciary. 

Dix, John A.; was born in Boscawcn, New 
Hampshire, July 24, 1798; commenced his education 
by attending the academies at Salisbury and Kxeter; 
spent one year in a French College at Montreal; in 
1812 was appointed a cadet in the army, Ijut, instead 
of going to We.st Point, preferred to join the army on 
the fnmticr as an Ensign; in 1813 was Acting-Adju- 
tant of an independent battaliim; in 1819 w;us Aid- 
ile-camp to Major-General Brown, but devoted his 
leisure to the study of law; from that time until 1828 
visited Cuba and traveled in Europe for his health; 
then settled at Cooperstovvn asa lawyer; in 1831 was 
-Vdjutant-General under Governor Throop; in 1833 
was appointed Secretary of State of New York, and 
was a Regent of the State University; in 18-11 was 
elected to the Assembly from Albany; after making 
another visit abroad, was elected to the United States 
Senate, where he served from 1845 to 1849; in 1820 
received firom Brown University the Degree of Master 



of Arts, and in 1845, from Geneva College, the De- 
gree of Doctor of Laws; in 1852 published a book 
entitled "A Winter in Madeira;" in 1860 was ap- 
))ointed, by President Buchanan, Postmaster of New 
York; in January, 1861, was appointed, by Mr. 
Buchanan, Secretary of the Treasury : served in 1861 
and 1862 as a Major-General of Volunteers, and wiis 
appointed to the same ] wition in the regular army; 
on the organization of the Pacific Railroad Company 
was elected its President; in 1866 was a Delegate to 
the "National Union Convention" held in Philadel- 
phlfi; was appointed, by President Johnson, Minister 
to tiie Netherlands, but declined ; a few weeks later 
was appointed Naval Officer for the port of New 
York, trom which position he was soon transferred to 
France as Jlinister Plenipotentiary; was Governor of 
New York from 1873 to 1875. 

Dixon, Archibald ; was born in Caswell County, 

North Carolina, April 2, 1802; removed, with his 
father, to Henderson County, Kentucky, in 1805; re- 
ceived a limited English education at the county 
schools, but made good use of his advantages; at the 
age of twenty studied law; ent( red upon the practice 
and acquired considerable reputation as a lawyer; 
in 1830 was a Representative in the Legislature, and 
in 1836 in the State Senate; was again in the Lower 
House in 1841; in 1843 was elected Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor of Kentucky; in 1849 was a member of the 
Constitutional Convention lor retbrming State laws; 
was a member of the United States Senate from 1852 
to 1855, ha\'ing l)eeu elected to till the vacancy occa- 
sioned by the resignation of his friend, Henry Clay; 
served as a leading member of the Committee on Ter- 
ritories. 

Dixon, James ; was born in Enfield, Connecticut, 
Augusts, 1814; graduated at Williams College, Mas- 
sachusetts, in 1834; adopted the profession of the 
law; was a member of the House in the Legislature 
of Connecticut in 1837, 1838, and 1844, and of the 
State Senate in 1849 and 1854; was a Representative 
in Congress from Connecticut from 1845 to 1849; was 
elected a Senator in Congress for six years from 18.57; 
was re-elected in 1863 for the term ending in 1869, 
serving on the Committee on Manufactures and vari- 
ous other Committees, and as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Contingent Expenses of the Senate, of the 
Committee on the District of Columbia, and of the 
Committee on the Post Office and I'ost Roads; wius a 
member of the National Committee appointed to ac- 
company the remains of President Lincoln to Illinois; 
was a Delegate to the Philadelphia " National Union 
Convention " of 1866. Died at Hartford, March 27, 
1873. 

Dixon, Joseph; was born in Greene County, 
North Carolina; was educated at the private and 
jmblic schools of that county; resided on a farm; for 
three or four years engaged in mercantile puisuits; 
was a magistrate, and Judge of the Covmty Court; 
was a member of the State Legislature in 1868 and 
1869; Wiis elected to the Forty -first Congress, serving 
on several Committees. 

Dixon, Joseph Henry; was a Representative 
in Congress from North Carolina from 1799 to 180L 

Dixon, Luther C; was an earlj' emigrant to the 
Territory of Wisconsin; was appointed a Justice 
of the United States Court for the Territory of Wis- 
consin. 

Dixon, Nathan F.; was born in Plainfield, Con- 
necticut, in 1774; graduated at Brown University in 
1799; studied law, and established himself in Rhode 
Island in 1S02 to practice his profe.-ision ; in 1813 was 
elected a member of the General Assembly of that 



142 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



State, and continued to serve in that capacity for 
seventeen years; I'rom 1839 to 1842 was a Senator of 
the United States. Died at Washington, District of 
Columbia, January 29, 1842. His son, bearing tlie 
same name, was also in Congress. 

Dixon, Nathan F.; was born in Westerly, 
Rhode Island, Jlay 1, 1812; fitted for college at 
Plainfield Academy, in Connecticut, and graduated 
at Brown University in 1833; attended the Law 
Schools at New Haven and Cambridge; was admit- 
ted to the bar in New London in 1837, and engaged in 
the practice of his profession in Connecticut and 
Ehode Island; w;is a member of the General As- 
sembly of Rhode Island from IfilO to 1849; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1844; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Rliode Island to the Thirty-fu-st Con- 
gress; was again elected to the General Assembly of 
his State in 18.")1, and with the exception of two 
fears, held the office until 1859; in 18()3 was elected 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving as a member 
of the Committee on Commerce; was re-elected to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress; in the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress served on the Committees on Commerce and 
Expenditures on the Public Buildings; was a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention" of 
1866, and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress; re- 
elected to the Forty-first Congress, and made Chair- 
man of the Committees on Commerce and Private 
Land Claims. 

Dixon, Nathan PellO'WS ; was born at Wester- 
ly, Rhode Island, August 28, 1847; was fitted for 
college at Westerly and at Phillips Academy, And- 
over, Massachusetts; graduated from Brown Univer- 
sity in 1869; studied law with his father, Hon. 
Nathan F. Dixon, and at the Albany Law School; 
was admitted to practice in New York, Rhode Island 
and Connecticut in 1871; in 1877 was appointed, by 
President Grant, United States District Attorney for 
the District of Rhode Island; was re-appointed in 
1881 ; in 1885 was elected a Representative from 
Rhode Island to the Forty-eighth Congress, to fill the 
vacancy occasioned by the transfer of Hon. Jonathan 
Chace to the United States Senate. 

Doane, "William ; was born in Maine; having 
removed to Ohio, was elected a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1839 to 1843. 

Dobbin, James C; was born in 1814; gradu- 
ated at the University of North Carolina in 1832; 
■was a lawyer by profession; was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from his native State in 1845, 
and declined a re-election; served in the State Legis- 
lature in 1848 and 1850, and during the last session 
officiated as Speaker; in 1852 wiis a Presidential 
Elector. His eloquence at tlie bar and in the legis- 
lative hall is said to ha\'e been very efi'ective, and his 
urbane manners and amiable disposition made him a 
general favorite. He was Secretary of the Navy dur- 
ing the whole of President Pierce's administration. 
Died at Fayetteville, North Carolina, August 4, 
1857. 

Dobbins, Samuel A.; was born in Burlington 
County, New Jersey, April 14, 1814; was educated in 
select schools; engaged in Ihrming; was High Sheriff 
of Burlington County from 1854 to 1857; was a mem- 
l)er of the State Legislature li'om 1859 to 1862; was 
elected to the Forty-third Congress, and re-ele(;ted to 
the Forty-fourth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Patents. 

Dobbs, Arthur ; was born in Ireland in 1634 ; 
was a man of letters; was a member of the Irish 
Parliament; was distinguished for his attempts to 



discover the North-west passage; adopted concilia- 
tory measures towards the Indian tribes, but his ad- 
ministration was a continual contest between the 
loyalists and the colonists. He was the author of "An 
Account of the Countries Adjoining Hudson's Bay," 
published in London in 1748; " Trswle and Improve- 
ment of Ireland," Dublin, 1729; "Captain Middle- 
ton's Defence," 1744; emigrated to North Carolina; 
was chosen Governor, November 1, 1754, serving until 
his death. Died in Town Creek, North Carolina, 
March 28, 1765. 

Dockery, Alexander M.; was bom in Living- 
ston County, Missouri, February 11, 1845; was edu- 
cated in the common schools and at the Macon Acad- 
emy, Macon, Jlissouri; studied medicine, and gradu- 
ated at St. Louis Medical College, St. Louis, Missouri; 
practiced his profession for ten years; in 1874 became 
Cashier of the Farmers' Exchange Bank, at Gallatin, 
Missouri; was a Curator of the University of Missouri 
ten years; was elected a Representative from Missouri 
to the Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Dockery, Alfred ; was a native of North Caro- 
lina; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1845 to 1847, and again from 1851 to 1853; 
was a Delegate to the Chicago Convention of 1868; 
was the father of O, H. Dockery. 

Dockery, Oliver H.; was horn in Richmond 
County, North Carolina, August 12, 1830; graduated 
at the University of North Carolina in 1848; studied 
law, but became a farmer; was elected to the State 
Legislature in 1858 and 1859; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1860; in 1868 was elected a Representative 
from North Carolina to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Revolutionary Claims ; re- 
elected to the Forty-first Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Claims, and as Chairman of that on 
Freedmen's Affairs. 

Dodd, Edward ; was born in Salem, Washington 
County, New York, in 1805; was bred a merchant; 
chosen County Clerk of the County of Washington 
for three terms of three years each, commencing Jan- 
uary 1, 1835; was a member of the Constitutional 
Convention of New York in 1846; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from that State in 1855, serving on 
the Committee on the District of Columbia. 

Doddridge, Philip ; was born in Brooks County, 
Virginia, in 1772; in his youth worked on a farm on 
the Ohio River, hut was sent to .school at the age of 
sixteen; alter a voyage down the Jlississippi on a 
flat-boat, studied law, and gained a brilliant local 
reputation; was Delegate from Brooke County to the 
Legislature of Virginia in 1815, and was a member 
for some years; in the Constitutional Convention of 
1829 and 1830 was the acknowledged leader of the 
party in favor of- the white basis of representation ; 
his success in parliamentary conflict was due to his 
close reasoning, thorougli kuowle<lge of the subject, 
great energy of manner, and a wonderful command 
of language; was a Representative in Congiess from 
Virginia from 1829 to 1832; resided in Washington, 
and was engaged in codifying the laws of the Dis- 
trict of Columbia. Died in Washington, November 
19, 1832. 

Dodds, Ozro J.; was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. 
March 22, 1840; received a collegiate education in 
Cincinnati; raised a company of students at Oxford, 
called the "University Rifles," which was attached 
to the Twentieth Ohio Volunteers, and served throngh 
the three months' service under General McClellan; 
returning home, raised another company, attached 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



143 



to the Eighty-first Ohio Volunteei-s, and served until 
1863, when he was appointed I^ieutenant-Colonel of 
the First AUihania Cavalry; after the war, studied 
law and was admitted to practice; was elected to the 
Legislature of Ohio iu 1869; w;is elected to the Forty- 
second Congress, serving on the Committee on Civil 
Service. 

Dodge, Augustus C; was born in St. Gene- 
vieve, Missouri, January 2, 1812; was a Delegate to 
Congress from the Territory of Iowa from 1841 to 
1847; a Presidential p:iector for the State of Iowa in 
1848; a Senator in Congress trom the State of Iowa 
from 1848 to 1855; after which he received, from 
President Pierce, the appointment of Minister to Spain, 
which he resigned; was a Delegate to the Chicago 
Convention of 1864, and also to the Philadelphia 
" National Union Convention " of 1866, as well a.s 
the New York Convention of 1868; from 1838 to 1841 
held the othce of Register of the Land Office at 
Burlington, Iowa. 

Dodge, Granville M.; was born iu Danvers, 
Massachusetts, April 12, 1831; gra<luated at the 
Norwich University of Vermont in 1850; adopted 
the profession of civil engineer; was employed on 
several important railroads in the West, and became 
chief engineer of the Union Pacific Railroad; in 18(il 
entered the military service as Captain; raised the 
Fourth Regiment of Iowa Infantry, and was made 
Colonel; in 1862 was appointed Brigadier General for 
services at Pea Ridge; after various services in Mid- 
dle Tennessee, at Vicksburg, and Corinth, took an 
active part in the Atlantic campaign, and was pro- 
moted to be a Major Generalon the recommendations 
of Generals Grant, Sherman, and Mcl'herson; was 
subsequently in command of the Departments of 
Wisconsin, Kansas, and the Plains; soon after, re- 
signing his commission in the army, was elected a 
Representative from Iowa to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Militiiry Affairs and 
Roads and Canals; was also Delegate to the Chicago 
Convention of 1868. 

Dodge, Henry ; was born in Vincennes, Indiana, 
Octtiber 12, 1782; removed to Wisconsin; served with 
great credit as an otlicer of volunteers, on the north- 
western frontiers; was Brigadier-General of MLS.souri 
troops in 1812; distinguished himself especially in 
the Black Hawk War, and as an Indian fighter wiis 
thought to have no superior; when the First Regi- 
ment of Dragoons was raised in 1833, was appointed 
Colonel, which office he resigned in 1836, when he 
was appointed Governor of Wiscousin Territory, and 
Superintendeut of Indian Atfairs, ser\ing as such 
from 1836 to 1841, and liom 1845 to 1848; was a 
I>eU'gate to Congress from Wisconsin from 1841 to 
1.S45; a Senator in Congress from the State of Wis- 
consin from 1848 to 1857. Died at Burlington, Iowa, 
June ]!», 1867. He was the father of Augustus C. 
Dodge. 

Dodge, William E.; was born in Hartford, Con- 
necticut, September 4, 1805; received agood common 
school education; in his thirteenth year removed to 
New York and entered a counting house as clerk; on 
reaching the age of twenty-one coninu-nced business 
on his own account, and was for many years at tlu; 
head of one of the most extensive importing and 
manufacturing establishments in the country; wius 
prominently connected with many of the jinblic im- 
provements of the day; wiis a member of the Peace 
Convention of 1861; devoted much time and money 
to the supjjort of the Government during the Rebel- 
lion; was. for many years, Pre.sident of the National 
Temperance Society; active in the various religious 
and benevolent operations of New York; was elected 



a Representative from New Y'ork to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, having successfully contested the seat of 
James Brooks, serving on the Committee on Foreign 
Aft'airs; was also a Delegate to the Phihulelphia 
" Loyalists' Convention " of 1866. Died, February 
9, 1883. 

Doe, Nicholas B.; was born in New York; was 
elected a Representati\ e from that State to the Twen- 
ty-sixth Congress, in place of A. Brown, decea.sed. 

Doig, Andre'W W.; was born in Washington 
County, New Y'ork; served one year (1839) in the 
State Assembly; was numy years a teacher and sur- 
veyor; County Clerk for one year; held the office of 
Surrogate from 1835 to 1840; was a Representative in 
Congress from 1839 to 1843; went to California in 
1849, but subsequently returned to his native comity. 

Dole, WillianaP.; was born in New Hampshire; 
in 1861 was appointed, from Illinois, Commissioner 
of Indian Aft'airs, continuing in the position until 
1865. 

Dolph, Joseph N.; was born at Hector, Tomp- 
kins County, New York, (Jctober 19, 1835; was edu- 
cated in the common schools and by private tutors; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1861 ; in 
1862 removed to Portland, Oregon, and engaged iu 
the practice of law; in 1864 was elected City At- 
torney; in 1865 was appointed United States District 
Attorney; was elected State Senator in 1866, and 
again in 1872; was Chairman of the Republican 
State Central Committee from 1866 to 1868; in 1882 
was elected United States Senator from Oregon lor 
the term ending in 1889. 

Donelson, Andre'W Jackson ; was born in 
Tennessee in 1799; graduated at West Point in 1820; 
w;is Aid-de-camp to General Jack.son in 1820 and 
1821; his Private Secretary from March, IHog, to 
March, 1837; Cliarc/c iV Affaires to Te.xas in 1844 and 
1845; Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo- 
tentiary to Pru.ssia from 1846 to 1848; to Germany in 
1848 and 1849; was editor of the Washington Union 
in 1851 and 1852; candidate of the American party 
for Vice-President in 1852; cotton planter in Bolivar 
County, Mississippi, from 1822 to 1865; lawyer in 
Memphis from 1865 to 1871. Died in Memphis, 
Tennessee, June 26, 1871. 

Donley, Joseph B.; was born in Mount Morris, 
Greene County, Pennsylvania, October 10, 1838; 
graduated at Waynesburg College iu 1859; went to 
Illinois and engaged in teaching; became I'rofe.ssor in 
Abingdon College; served in the Illinois j\rmy as 
Captain of Volunteers from 1862 to 1865; graduated 
at the Law School of Albany in 18(J(!, and returned to 
Pennsylvania; in 1867 was appointed a Register in 
Bankruptcy in Pennsj'lvania, holding the office until 
(>lected a Representative from that State to the Forty- 
first Congress, serving on the Committees on the 
Militia and Public Expenditures. 

Donnan, William G.; was born in West Ch.arl- 
ton. New York, June 30, 1834; his early education 
was r<'C<!ived at the district school and Cambridge 
Academy; graduated at Union College in li^.'jd"; re- 
moved to Independence, Iowa, where he studied law; 
was admitted to the bar in ls.",7; was electi-d Treas- 
urer and Recorder of Buchanan County, and held the 
office until 1862; entered the Union Army as a private 
in 18(i2, and rose to the rank of Brevet Major lor 
etlicient services in the field, serving to the close of 
the Rebellion; was a member of the State Senate in 
1868 and 1870; was elected to the Forty-second Con- 
gress, and re-elected to the l^orty-third Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Militarj- Afl'aii-s. 



141 



BIOGRAPHICAL AX N A L S . 



Donnell, Richard S.; was born in North Caro- 
lina; was a Kepresentative in Congress from tlmt 
State, from 1847 to 1849; in 18(j:5 published a " Let- 
ter on the Rebellion," which attracted great atten- 
tion. 

Donnelly, Ignatius; was born at Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania, November 3, 1831; graduated at the 
Central High School in that city; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1853; emigrated to Min- 
nesota in 1857; was elected Lieutenant-Governor of 
that State in 1859; was re-elected in 1861 ; in 18e2 was 
elected a Representative from Jlinnesota to the Thir- 
ty-eighth Congress, and served on the Committees on 
the Post Office and Post Roads, and Expenditures in 
the Interior Department, and also on the Special 
Committee on the Pacitic Railroad; was re-elected to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on the Pacific Railroad, the Public Lauds, and 
Bureau of Education; was also re-elected to the For- 
tieth Congress. 

Doolittle, James R.; was born in Hampton, 
Washington County, New York, January 3, 1815; 
graduated at Geneva College in 1834; adopted the pro- 
fession of the law, and was admitted to the bar of 
the Svipreme Court of New York in 1837; was, for 
several years, District Attorney in Wyoming County, 
New York; removed to Wisconsin in 1851; was cho- 
sen Judge of the First Judicial Circuit of that State 
in 1853; resigned in 1856; in 1857 was elected a Sen- 
ator of the United States for six years, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Indian Atfairs, and 
as a member of the Committees on Foreign Affairs, 
Commerce, and Military Affairs; was also a member 
of the Peace Congress of 1861; in 1863 was re-elected 
to the Senate for the term ending in 1869; during the 
summer recess of 1865, as a member of a Special Com- 
mittee of the Senate, visited the Indian tribes west 
of the Mississippi River; was a Delegate to the Phil- 
adelphia "National Union Convention " of 1866, tak- 
ing an active part in its proceedings, and officiating 
as President of the Convention. 

Dorr, Thomas William ; was born at Provi- 
dence, Rhode Island, November .5, 1805; graduated at 
Harvard University in 1823; studied law in the office 
of Chancellor Kent; was admitted to the bar in 1827, 
and commenced practice in Providence; originally a 
National Republican, became a Democrat in 1837; 
the Rhode Island Government was then based upon 
a charter granted by Charles II. in 1663, and the elec- 
tive franchise was limited to the holders of a certain 
amount of real estate, and to their eldest sons — 
about one-third of the citizens; Mr. Dorr was a mem- 
ber of the Assembly from 1833 to 1837, and exerted 
himself in vain to procure a liberal Constitution; was 
chosen Governor, by the suffrage party, in 1841; on 
May 3, 1842, Mr. Dorr's Government attempted to 
organize at Providence, and to seize the reins of 
power; they were resisted by the legal State Govern- 
ment, who attacked and dispersed them at Chepachet, 
May 25; Mr. Dorr fled to Connecticut, and afterward 
to New Hampshire; a reward of four thousand dollars 
was offered, by the authorities of Rhode Island, for 
his apprehension; he soon returned, was arrested, 
tried, convicted of high treason, and sentenced to im- 
prisonment for life, but was pardoned in 1847; in 
18.53 the Legislature restored to him his civil rights. 
and ordered the record of his sentence to be expunged ; 
he lived to see his State under a liberal Constitution, 
and his party in legal possession of the Government. 
Died in Providence, Rhode Island, December 27, 
1854. 

Dorsey, Olement ; was born in Anne Arundel 
County, Maryland ; was a Representative in Congress 



from Maryland, from 1825 to 1831. Died August 6, 
1846. 

Dorsey, George "W. E.; was born in Loudon 
County, Virginia, January 25, 1842; removed, with 
his parents, to Preston County (now West Virginia), 
in 1856; was educated in private schools and at Oak 
Hill Academy; recruited a company and entered the 
Union Army in August, 1861, as First Lieutenant, 
Sixth West Virginia Infantry; was promoted to the 
rank of Cap.ain, and of Major, and was mastered 
out with the Army of the Shenandoali in August, 
1865; removed to Nebraska in 1866: studied law; 
was admitted to the bar in 1869; in 1874 engaged in 
banking at Fremont, Nebraska, and continued in 
that business, achieving very gratifying success; was 
a member of the Board of Trustees of the Insane 
Hospital, a member, and Vice-President, of the State 
Board of Agriculture of Nebraska; was, also. Chair- 
man of the Republican State Central Committee of 
Nebraska; in 1884 was elected a Representative from 
Nebraska to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Dorsey, Stephen W.; was born at Ben,son, Ver- 
mont, February 28, 1842; received an academic edu- 
cation; removed, when a boy, to Oberlin, Ohio, was 
one of the first to volunteer in the army, in which he 
served until the close of the war; returning to Ohio, 
resumed business in the Sandusky Tool Company, 
and was chosen its President; was elected, without 
his knowledge. President of the Arkansas Central 
Railway Company; removing to Arkansas, was cho- 
sen Chairman of the Republican County and State 
Committees; was elected United Slates Senator from 
Arkansas for the term commencing in 1873 and end- 
ing in 1879, .serving on the Committees on Appropri- 
ations and District of Columbia. 

Dorsheimer, 'William ; was born at Lyons, 
Wayne County, New York, February 5, 1832; was 
fitted for college at Phillips's Academy, Andover, 
JIassachusetts, and entered Harvard College in 1849; 
studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1854, and 
engaged in practice; resided in Buffalo, New York, 
for a number of years; was appointed Major in the 
United States Army iu 1861; in 1867 was appointed 
United States Attorney lor the Northern District of 
New York; in 1874 was elected Lieutenant-Governor 
of the State; was re-elected in 1876; removed to New 
York City in 1877, and continued the practice of his 
profession; was elected a Representative from New 
York to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Doty, James D. ; was born in New York; was a 
Delegate to Congress from the Territory of Wisconsin 
from 1839 to 1841; from 1841 to 1844 was Governor 
of Wisconsin; was, for many years. United States 
Judge for Northern Michigan; was also Superintend- 
ent of Indian Affairs; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from the State of Wisconsin from 1849 to 1853; 
in 1864 was appointed, by President Lincoln, Gov- 
ernor of Utah, of which Territory he had previously 
been Treasurer. Died June, 1865, at Salt Lake. 

Doubleday, Ulysses F.; was born in Otsego 
County, New York, in 1794; began active life as a 
journeyman printer in 18U9; followed that business 
in Albany, Utica, and at Ballston Spa, where he es- 
tablished a newspaper; for twenty years edited a 
journal in the city of Auburn; was elected a Repre- 
sentative to Congress in 1831, and was again elected 
in 1835; subsequently resided in the city of New 
York, and became well known as a bookseller. Died 
in Belvidere, Illinois, March 11, 1866. 

Dougherty, Charles; was born at Athens, 
Georgia, October 15. 1859; his early education was 




Interior Department Building. (Patent Office.') 

washington. 




Post Office Department Building, 
washington. 



<. 



BIOGKAPHICAL A^^^•ALS. 



145 



acquired in the public schools oi Athens; at the age 
of fifteen entered the University of Virginia, where 
he pursued his studies for two years; was for a time 
engaged in the occupation of a sailor; settled at Fort 
Orange, Florida, as a planter; in 1876 was elected ? 
Representative in the Florida Legislature; was re- 
elected in 1878 and was elected Speaker of the House; 
was again re-elected in 1880 and 1882, and in the lat- 
ter year was again elected Speaker; resigned in 1884 
on being elected a Representative liom Florida to the 
Forty-ninth Congress 

Dougherty, Thomas ; was bom in Kentucky; 
in 1815 was elected Clerk of the National House of 
Representatives, continuing in that office until 1822. 

Douglas, Beverly B.; was born at Providence 
Forge, Kent County, Virginia, December 21, 1822; 
his lather died when he was four years of age, and he 
was sent to Rumford Academy at the age of eleven; 
then spent one term in William and Mary College, 
and in 1840 visited a relative in Scotland with the 
view of obtaining a medical education at Edinburgh 
University; spent one session attending lectures on 
chemistry, agriculture, and civil law; returned to 
Virginia; graduated at the Law School of William 
aud Mary College; was admitted to the bar in 1846, 
and settled in King William County; in 18o0 was a 
member of the State Constitutional Convention; was 
elected a member of the State Senate under the 
amended Constitution, and was a member of that 
body until 1865; was a candidate for Congress in that 
year, but was no,t elected; in 1861 entered the Con- 
federate service as First Lieutenant in Lee's Mounted 
Rangers, of which he was made Captain; then Major 
of the Filth Virginia Cavalry, Army of Xorthern Vir- 
ginia; resigned in 1863 to resunu; his Legislative 
duties; upon the surrender of the Confederate Armies 
he returned to private life, and had held no public 
office since that time until elected to the Forty-fourth 
Congress as Representative from Virginia; was re- 
elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. Died December 
22, 1878. 

^ Douglas, Stephen A.; was born at Brandon, 
Rutland County, Vermont, April 23, 1813; lost his 
(iitlier while all infant; his mother being left in des- 
titute circumstances, he entered a cabinet shop at 
Middlebury, in his native State, for the purpose of 
learning the trade; after remaining there several 
months, returned to Brandon, where he continued 
for a year at the same calling, but his health com- 
pelled him to abandon it, and he became a student 
in the academy; his mother having married a second 
time, he followed her to Canandaigua, in the State of 
New York; here he pursued the study of law until 
his removal to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1831; from Cleve- 
land went still further West, and finally settled in 
Ja<-ksonville, Illinois; was at first employed as clerk 
to an auctioneer, and afterwards taught .school, de- 
voting all the time he could siiare to the study of law; 
in 1834 was admitted to the bar; soon obtained a 
lucrative practice; was elected Attorney-General of 
the State; in 1837 was appointed, by President Van 
Buren, Register of the Land (JiVue at Springfield, 
Illinois; in 1840 was elected Secretary of State, and 
the following year Judge of the Supreme Court; this 
office he resigned, in consequence of ill-health, alter 
sitting upon the bench for two years; in 1843 was 
elected to Congress, and continued a member of the 
Lower House for four years; in December, 1847, was 
elected to the United States Senate for the term end- 
ing in 1853; was re-elected for the term ending in 
1859 ; re-elected for another term, but died in Cliicago, 
June 3, 1861; was Chairman of the Committee on 
Territories; in 18(i0 was candidate for President, but 
was defeated by Abraham Lincolu. 

10 



Douglass, J. "W.; was born in Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania, October 25, 1827; removed to Erie, in 
that State, received an academic education; studied 
law and came to the bar in 1850; was appointed a 
Collector of Internal Revenue in 1862; Deputy Com- 
missioner of Internal Revenue in 1H6!); in 1871 waa 
appointed Commissioner of Internal Revenue, holding 
the position uutil 1875. 

Douglass, Samuel J.; was an emigrant to Flor- 
ida while yet a Territory; in 1842 was appointed 
one of the Judges of the United States for that dis- 
trict. 

Do'wd, Clement; was born in Moore County, 
North Carolina, Augiust 27, 1832; graduated at the 
University of North Carolina in 1856; tanght school 
and studied law ; removed to Cliarlotte, North Caro- 
lina, and practiced law; was Mayor of Cliarlotte 
from 1869 to 1871; was elected President of the 
Commercial National Bank of that city in 1871, and 
continued in that position; was elected a Representa- 
tive from North Carolina to the Forty-seventh and 
Forty-eighth Congresses. 

DoTwdell, James F.; was born in Jasper County, 
Georgia, November 26, 1818; gi-aduated at Randolph 
Macon College in 1840; was a lawyer by profession; 
removed to Alabama in 1846, and took charge of a 
female college for one year, and afterwards engaged 
in farming and planting; in 1848 was a Presi<l<'ntial 
Elector; was a Representative from Alabama in the 
Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-fifth t.'on- 
gresses, and was a member of the Committee on Ways 
and Means, and also that of Inquiry into the Cost of 
Public Printing and Laws relating thereto. 

Dowdney, Abraham ; was born in Ireland, 
in October, 1840; came to the United States in early 
boyhood aud settled in New York City, where he 
continued to reside; was educated in private schools; 
became a contractor and builder; served in the Union 
Army during the Civil War, as Captain in the One 
Hundred and Thirty-second Regiment, New York 
Volunteei-s; was Chairman of the Board of School 
Trustees of the Nineteenth Wanl of New York City 
from 1882 to 1885: in 1885 was elected a Re))resenta- 
tive from New York to the Forty-ninth Congress. 
Died in the city of New York, December 10, 1886. 

Downey, John G.; was Governor of California 

from 1860 to 1862. 

Downey, S. W.; was bom at Wcsternport, 
Maryland, July 25, 1839; received an academic edu- 
cation; studied law, and was admitted to practice in 
1863: served in the Union Army during the War of 
the Rebellion; removed to the Territory of Wyoming 
in 18()9; was elected a member of the Territorial 
Council in 1871, 1875, and 1877; was Treasurer of 
the Territory for three years, and was Auditor of 
the Territor.y at the time of his eh'Ctionasa Delegato 
from the Territory of Wyoming to the Forty-sixth 
Congress. 

Downing, Charles ; was born in Virginia; was 
a Delegate to Congress from the Territory of Florida 
from 1837 to 1841. Died October 24, 1841. 

Downs, Solomon "W.; was born in Tennessee 
in 1801; graduated at the Transylvania Univei-sity; 
studied law and came to the bar in 182."); settled in 
Louisiana: was United States District .attorney from 
1845 to 1847; a Presidential Elector in 1844: Collector 
of the Port of New Orleans; from 1847 to 1853 was a 
Senator in Congress from Louisiana. Died at Or- 
chard Springs, Kentucky, .\ugust 14, 18.54. 



146 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Do'wse, Edward ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Massaclmsetts from 1819 to 1821; resigned 
and W. Eustis was elected iu his place. 

Do'Wfse, "William; was elected a Representative 
from New Yorlc to the Thirteenth Congress, but died 
before taking his seat, February 18, 1813. 

Dox, Peter M.; was bom in Geneva, Ontario 
Countj', New York, ,September 11, 1813; educated at 
Hobart College, Geneva, graduating in 1833; studied 
and practiced law; was elected to the Legislature in 
1841; was Judge of the Ontario County Courts; re- 
moved to Alabama in 18.55, and engaged in agricul- 
tural pursuits; iu 186.5 was elected, as a Union man, 
to represent Madison County in the Convention 
called for the revision of the State Constitution ; took 
an active part in the restoration of the State to its 
place in the Union; was elected to the Forty-tirst and 
Forty-second Congresses, serving on the Committee 
on Banking and Currency. 

Doxey Charles T.; was a resident of Anderson, 
Indiana; never held a public office until elected a 
Kejiresentative from Indiana to the Forty-seventh 
Congress to till the vacancy caused by the death of 
Godldve S. Urth; served from January 9, 1883, to 
March 4, 1883. 

Drake, Charles D.; was born in Cincinnati, 
Ohio, April 1], 1811; was the .son of Dr. Daniel 
Drake; received an academic education; iu 1827 en- 
tered the navy as a mid.shipman, and remaiued.in the 
service until 1830; then studied law, and was admit- 
ted to the bar in 1833; in 1834 removed to St. Louis, 
where he practiced his profession; in 1859 was elected 
to the Missouri Legislature; in 1861 and 1862 took 
an active and conspicuous part against the secession 
movement; in 1863 was elected to tlie Missouri State 
Convention; was a Presidential Elector in 1864; in 
1865 was a member and Vice-President of the Con- 
vention that formed the present Constitution of Mis- 
souri; in January, 1867, was elected a Senator in 
Congress from Missouri for the term ending in 1873, 
serving on the Committees on Naval Affairs, Pacific 
Railroad, Contingent Expenses, and Ordnance; iu 
1871 was aijpointed Chief Justice of the Court of 
Claims; was the author of a " Treatise on the Law 
of Suits by Attachment in the United States," and of 
a "Life of Daniel Drake. ' ' 

Drake, John R.; was one of the earliest settlers 
in Tioga County, New York; was a Representative 
in Congress from that State from 1817 to 1819; was 
elected Judge of Tioga County in 1833; was a mem- 
ber of the New York Assembly in 1834; he was iu 
ill health for eight years before his death, which oc- 
curred at Oswego, March 21, 1857, in the seventy- 
fourth year of his age. 

Drake, Thomas J.; was born in New York; re- 
moved to Michigan, from which State he was ap- 
pointed Associate Judge of the L'nited States Court 
lor the Territory of Utah, resiiling in Salt Lake City. 

Draper, Joseph ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1830 to 1833. 

Drayton, John ; was Go\'ernor of South Caro- 
lina from 1800 to 1802, and from 1808 to 1810; was 
District Judge of the United States for some years 
previous to his death, which occurred at Charleston, 
iVovember 27, 1822. He published in 1802 "A View 
of South Carolina," "Memoirs of the Revolution iu 
South Carolina," 2 vols. 8vo., 1821, and "Letters 
Written During a Tour Through the Northern and 
JSastern States," 8vo., 1794. 



Drayton, William; was born in St. Augustine, 
Florida, December 30, 1776; went to school in Eng- 
land, and on returning to South Carolina was for a 
time .\ssistant Clerk in a Court of Sessions; studied 
law and came to the bar in 1797; was a Captain in 
the Soiith Carolina Militia; in 1812 was commis- 
sioned a Colonel in the United States Army, and In- 
spector-General in 1814; assisted Generals Scott and 
Macomb in preparing a System of Infantry Tactics 
for the army; was elected Recorder of Charleston in 
1819; was a Representative in Congress from South 
Carolina from 1825 to 1833; was cho.-en President of 
the United States Bank in 1840. Died in Philadel- 
phia, May 24, 1846. 

Drasrton, 'William; was a citizen of South Caro- 
lina; father of the General bearing the same name; 
in 1789 «as appointed the first United States Judge 
for the District of South Carolina. 

Drayton, 'William Henry; was born in South 
Carolina; was educated at Westminister and Oxford, 
England; in 1771 was appointed a Judge; was Presi- 
dent of the Provincial Congress; was made Chief 
.lustice in 1776; was a warm advocate of freedom, 
and published various pamphlets which strengthened 
the American cause; was a leading member of the 
South Carolina Assembly; was a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress from 1778 to 1779, and was a 
signer of the Articles of Confederation ; was the 
author of a " History of the Revolution," which was 
published in three volumes, by his son, in 1821. 

Drew, George F.; was Governor of Florida from 

1877 to 1881. 

Drew, Thomas S.; was Governor of Arkansas 
from 1844 to 1843. 

Driggs, John F.; was born in Kinderhook, New 
Y'ork, March 3, 1813; was apprenticed to a mechanic 
in New York Cit}'; was a master-mechanic until 1856; 
in 1844 was appointed Superintendent of the New 
York Penitentiary, holding the office one year; set- 
tled in East Saginaw, Michigan, in 1856; was Presi- 
dent of that village in 1858; during the two succeed- 
ing years was a member of the Michigan Legislature; 
in 1862 was elected a Representative from Michigan 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, and was a member of 
the Committee on the Public Lands; re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Invalid Pensions, Mines and Mining, and Public 
Lands; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyal- 
ists' Convention " of 1866; was re-elected to the For- 
tieth Congress. 

Dromgoole, George C; was bom in Virginia; 
was educated a lawyer; entered public life when 
young; served for years in the two Houses of the 
State Legislature, and was President of the Senate; 
was a member of the second Constitutional Conven- 
tion of Virginia; was a Representiitive in Congress 
from Virginia ii-om 1835 to 1841, and from 1843 to 
1847. Died April 27, 1847. 

Drum, Augustus ; was born in Pennsylvania; 
wiis a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1853 to 1855. 

Drummond, Thomas ; was born in Bristol, 
Maine, October 16, 1809; was educated at Bowdoin 
College, Maine; graduated in 1830; studied law iu 
Philadelphia, where he was admitted to the bar in 
March, 1833; removed to Galena, Illinois, in 1835; 
was elected to the House of Representatives of Illi- 
nois in 1840; was appointed Jirdge of the District 
Court of the United States for Illinois, by President 
Taylor, in February, 1850; removed to Chicago iu 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANXALS. 



147 



1854; became Judge of the District Court of the 
United States for the Northern District of Illinois, by 
the division of the State into two Districts in 1855; 
was appointed Judge of the Seventh Judicial Circuit 
of the United States (consisting of the States of Illi- 
nois, Indiana, and AVlsconsin), by President Grant, 
in 1869. 

DnirQinond, "William W.; was a resident of 
Illinois; was appointed an Associate Justice of the 
United States Court for the Territory of Utah. 

Drummond, Willis ; was appointed, from Iowa, 
Commissioner of the General Land Office in Wash- 
ington in 1871, holding the position uutU June, 1874. 

Dryer, Thomas J.; was a citizen of Oregon; in 
1861 was appointed a Commissioner to the Sandwich 
Islands, where he remained until 1863. 

Duane, James; was born in New York City, 
February 6, 1733; adopted the profession of the law; 
became a member of the Revolutionary Committees 
of New Yorlv; acquired, from his lather, a large estate 
in Duane.sburg, New York, which he began to settle 
in 1765; was a member of the Continental Congress 
from 1774 to 1784, and signed the Articles of Confed- 
eration; attended the Indian Treaty at Albany in 
August, 1775; was a member of the Constitutional 
Convention in 1776 and 1777, and on the Committee 
which drafted it; was a member of the Committee 
of Safety ; in 1783 returned to New York City on its 
evacuation by the British; became a member of the 
Council; was State Senator in 1783 and 1784; lirst 
Mayor of New York in 1784; member of the Conven- 
tion to adopt the Federal Constitution in 1788; 
United States District Judge from 1789 to 1794. 
Died at Duanesburg, New York, February 1, 1797. 

Duane, John William ; was born in Clonmel, 
Ireland, 1780; was originally a printer, afterward a 
paper dealer; studied law. and wa.s admitted to the 
bar in 1815; removed to Philadelphia, which city he 
often represented in the Legislature: became a dis- 
tinguished lawyer; took a deep interest in schools; 
was a Trustee, and subseqnently a Director in Girard 
College; assisted his father as editor of the -4uro)n,- 
w;is Secretary of the United States Treasury in 1833; 
was removed by Jackson, September 23, 1833, for 
declining to remove the deposits from the United 
States Bank; was author of "The Law of Nations 
Investigated," "Letterson Internal Improvements," 
"Narrative and Corresi5ondenee Concerning the De- 
posits;" etc. Died in Philadelphia, September 27, 
1865. 

Dtiboise, Dudley M.; was born in Shelby County, 
Tennessee, Octolier 28, 1834; educated at the LTni- 
versity of Mississippi; .studied law; served as a Gen- 
eral in the Confederate Army; wiis elected a Repre- 
sentative from Georgia to liie Forty -secou<l Ccmgress, 
serving on the Committee on Patents. Died March 
2, 1883. 

Duckett, Allen B.; was born in Maryland; be- 
came a citizen of the District of Columbia .soon after 
the removal of the Seat of Government to Washing- 
ton; in 1806 was appointed Judge of the Circuit Court 
of the United States for the District of Columbia. 

Dudley, Charles Edward ; was born at ". John- 
son Hall," Statibrdshire, Kngland, May 23, 1780; in 
1790, after the death of his fatlier, came with his 
mother to Newport, Rhode Island, where his father 
had l)een Collector of Customs; entered into trade 
there, and went to the East Indies as Supercargo; 
subsequently removed to New York City, and in 
1802 to Albany; was State Senator from 1820 to 



1825; Mayor of the city from 1821 to 1828, and I'nited 
States Senator from 1829 to 1833; was partial to the 
science of Astronomy, and in 1856 liis widow con- 
tribut«;d seventy thousand dollars to erect and endow 
the Dudley Observatory at Albany, and a subsequent 
contril)ution made the amount over one hundred 
thousand dollars. Died in Albany, .January 23, 
1841. 

Dudley, Edward B.; was a Representative in 
Congress from North Carolina, from 1829 to ]s31; in 
1836 was elected the ttrst Governor of North Caro- 
lina under the amended Constitution of that State; 
was subsequently appointed Presi<lcnt of the Wil- 
mington and Raleigh Railroad Company. Died at 
Wilmington, North Carolina, October :!0, 1855. 

Dudley, William Wade ; was born at Weath- 
ersfield Boro, Windsor County, Vermont, AugiLst 27, 
1842; was educated at Phillips's Academy, Vc^rmont, 
and at Rus.sell's Collegiate and Commercial Institute, 
New Haven ; Connecticut, where he prepan^d to enter 
Yale College; in 1860 removed to Richmond, In- 
diana, and engaged in the business of milling; en- 
tered the Union Army in 1861, .as t'aptain, and 
served with gallantry throughout tlie war, rising to 
the rank of Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General; 
was Clerk of the Circuit Court of Wayne (bounty, In- 
diana, in 1866 and 1870; studied law, .and w.-us ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1875; soon alter abandoned the 
profession and became cashier of tlie liichmoud, (In- 
diana), Savings Bank; in 1879 was appointed United 
States Marshal for Indiana; in 1881 was .appointed 
Commissioner of the Pension Buieau, at Washing- 
ton. 

Duell, R. Holland ; was born in Warren, Her- 
kimer County, New York, December 20, 1823; re- 
ceived an academic education; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1845; in 1850 was elected 
District Attorney for Cortland County, and held the 
office six years; in 1856 was elected County Judge 
for said county ; in 1858 was elected a Representa- 
tive from New York to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on Revolu- 
tionary Claims; re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving as Chairman of the Committee on Revo- 
lutionary Pensions; was an Assessor of Internal Rev- 
enue from 1869 to 1871; was elected to the Forty- 
second and Forty-third Congresses, serving on the 
Committee on Foreign Aftairs, and Chairman of that 
on Public Buildings; in September, 1875, was ap- 
pointed Commissioner of Patents. 

Duer, William ; was born in England, March 
18, 1747; in 1765 was Aid to Lord Clive in India; iu 
1765 purchased land in Washington County, New 
York, and removed there; was appointed Colonel of 
Militia; .Judge of the County Courts; member of the 
Provincial Congress, and of the Committee of .Safety; 
and also a member of the Committee to draft the 
State Constitution in the Convention of 1777; was a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress from 1777 to 
1778; Secretary of the Treasury Board until the or- 
ganization of the Department in 1789; a member of 
the State Legislature; Assistant Secretary of the 
Treasury un(i(M- Hamilton, until 1790; removed to 
New Yo'rk City iu 1793; died there. May 7, 1799. 

Duer, William; was a Delegate from New York 
to the Continental Congress, in 1777 and 1778; his 
son, bearing the same name, was a Representative in 
the Federal Congress; was one of the signers of the 
Articles of Confederation. 

Duer, William ; was horn in the city of New 
York. .May 25, 1805; graduated at ("olunibia College 
in 1824; studied law, and iu 1828 removed to Oswego, 



148 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



soon after returning to New York; subsequently re- 
moved to New Orleans, and again returned to Oswego; 
served in the Legislature of New York on two occa- 
sions ; was District Attorney for Oswego Count3- ; was 
a Representative in Congress from New York &om 
1847 to 1851. 

Dugro, P. Henry; was born in the city of New 
York, October 3, 1855; received a collegiate edu- 
cation; studied law, and graduated from the Law 
School of Columbia College; was a member of the 
State House of Representatives in 1879; was elected 
a Representative _ liom New York to the Forty- 
seventh Congress. 

DuflBeld, G-eorge ; was appointed, by President 
Jeflei-son, in 1805, United States Judge for the Ter- 
ritory of Orleans. 

Duke, Richard T. "W.; was born in Albemarle 
County, Virginia, June 6, 1822; attended school and 
taught one year; entered the Virginia Military Insti- 
tute as a cadet in 1842. and graduated in 1845; taught 
school, reading law at the same time; attended the 
Univei-sity of Virginia, and graduated in its Law 
School in 1850; practiced law; was elected Attorney 
lor the County of Albemarle in 1858, and continued 
in that office until 16(i9; was elected to the Forty-first 
Congress, and re-elected to the Forty-second Con- 
gress. 

Dumont, Ebenezer ; was bom in Vevay, Switzer- 
land County, Territory of Indiana, November 23, 
1>'14; attended the Indiana University at Blooming- 
ton, but did not graduate; adopted the profession of 
the law; was a member of the State Legislature in 
1838; from 1839 to 1845 was Treasurer of his county; 
served in the war with Me.vico as a Lieutenant-Col- 
onel, and was in several battles; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1852; in 1850 and 1853 was again elected 
to the Legislature; was President for nine years of the 
State Bank of Indiana; when the Rebellion broke 
out was appointed Colonel of the Seventh Indiana 
Volunteers, and was at the battle of Philippi, in West 
^'irgiuia; was subseiiueutly in charge of a l)rigade at 
ilurfreesborough, and, after the battle at that place, 
was assigned to the command of the troops at Nash- 
ville; from that place he led an expedition against 
John Morgan, taking nearly his whole command; in 
1802, while yet in the field, was elected a Representa^ 
tive from Indiana to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
ser\-ing on the Committees on the District of Columbia 
and on Revolutionary Pensions; re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Expenditures in the Interior Depart- 
ment. 

Dtinbar William ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress fi'om Louisiana from 1853 to 1855. 

Duncan, Alexander ; was a member of the 
House of Representatives in Congress trom Ohio, 
from 1837 to 1841, and from 1843 to 1845. Died in 
Cincinnati, Ohio, March 2, 1852. 

Duncan, Charles ; was appointed an Associate 
Justice of the United States Court for the Territory 
of Wisconsin. 

Duncan, Daniel; was bom in the town of Ship- 
pensburg, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, July 
22, 1800; was a merchant; in 1813 was elected to the 
TjCgislature of Ohio from Licking County; was a 
Representative in Congress from 1847 to 1849. and 
.iiore a man of action than of words. Died in Wash- 
ington, June 18, 1849. 

Duncan, Gamett ; was bom in Kentucky ; 
gnwluated at Yale College in 1820; studied law and 



practiced the profession with marked success for 
many years; w;js on intimate terms with Henry Clay 
and other noted men of his State; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Kentucky from 1847 to 1849. 
Died in Louisville, May 25, 1875. 

Duncan, James H.; was born in Haverhill, 
Massachusetts, December 5, 1793; graduated at Har- 
vard College in 1812; studied law and came to the 
Essex County bar; served four years in the State 
Legislature; was a State Senator from 1828 to 1831; 
State Councilor in 1840 and 1841; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from 1849 to 1853; subsequently be- 
came a B.aptist Minister; was a Trustee of the New- 
ton Theological Seminary, and a Fellow of Brown 
University, which conferred upon him the degree of 
Doctor of Laws. Died in Haverhill, February 8, 
1869. 

Duncan, Joseph ; was born in Kentucky, about 
1790; was self-educated; was an Ensign at the bril- 
liant defense of Fort Stephenson, under Colonel Cro- 
ghan, for which he received from Congress the testi- 
monial of a sword, February 13, 1835; settled in Il- 
linois; was soon elected Major-General of Militia; ( 
was State Senator, and in the session of 1824 and 
1825 originated the law which first established com- 
mon schools in the State; was a Representative in 
Congress from 1827 to 1835; was Governor of Illinois 
from 1834 to 1838, and was identified with the early 
introduction of internal improvements into tliat 
State. Died at Jacksonville, Florida, January 15, 
1844. 

Duncan, "William A.; was born in Adams 
County, Pennsylvania, February 2, 1836; received a 
classical education, graduating from Franklin and 
Marshall College, Penns3dvania, in 1857; studied 
law; was admitted to the bar at Gettysburg, Penn- 
sylvania, in 1859, and settled at that place in the 
practice of law; was elected District Attorney in 
1862, and again in 1868; wtis Chairman of the Dem- 
ocratic County Committee for several years; was a 
member of the Democratic State Committee ; was 
elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
Forty-eighth Congress. Q^U.^/^, Hiflii^t. 

Dundas, William H.; was born in Virginia; 
was, for several years, a Clerk in the General Post ' 
Office; in 1852 was appointed Second Assistant Post- 
master-General, remaining in the position until 1861. 

Dundy, Elmer S. ; was bom in Trumbull Coun- 
ty, Ohio, March 5, 1830; received a common school 
education; followed the profession of teacher in the 
public schools for several years; read law at Clear- 
field, Pennsylvania; was admitted to the bar there 
in 1853 and to practice in the Supreme Court of Penn- 
sylvania in 1856; practiced law at Clearfield until 
1857, in which year he removed to Nebraska, where 
he continued the practice of his profession; was soon 
afterward elected a member of the Upper House of 
the Territorial Legislature of Nebraska, in which ca- 
pacity he served four years; in 1863 was appointed, 
by President Lincoln, an Associate Justice of the 
Supreme Court of Nebraska Territory; held the office 
until the Territory became a State, in 1867; in 1868, 
was appointed, by President Johnson, United States 
District Judge lor the District of Nebraska, in -which 
position he continued. 

Dunham, Cyrus L.; was a native of New York 
State; as a farmer's boy, worked during the summer 
montlis to obtain means for his education during the 
winter; after acquiring the rudiments, he filled the 
humblest position on board a fi-shing-craft from one 
of the seaports of Massachusetts to Newfoundland; 



B I () G l; A r II I C A L ANN A L .S . 



149 



after completmn; his studies, removed to Salem, In- 
diana; tanglit school and studied law; was admitted 
to the bar; was elected to the Legislature ol' Indiana 
in IBIG and 18-17; was a Representative in Congi-ess 
IVoni that State from 1S49 to 1855; served again in 
the Legislature at a subsequent period . 

Dunham, Ransom "W.; was born at Sa\oy, 
Massachusetts, March 21, 18l!8; received a common 
school education, closing in High School, Springlield, 
Massachusetts; removed to Chicago, Illinois, in 18.57, 
and engaged in the business of Life Insurance; in 
1860 embarked in the grain and provision commis- 
sion business, in which he continued; was Presi- 
dent of the Chicago Board of Trade in 188'2; was 
elected a Kepresentative from Illinois to the Forty- 
eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Dunklin, Daniel; was Governor of Missouri 
from 1832 to 183(i. Died in Jefferson County, Mis- 
souri, August 25, 1844, aged fifty-four j'ears. 

Dunlap, George "W.; was born in Fayette 
County, Kentucky, February 22, 1813; graduated at 
Transylvania University, Lexington; studied law and 
adopted that profession; was a member of the Ken- 
tucky Legislature; also of tlie "Border State Con- 
vention," held in May, 1861; was elected a Kepre- 
sentative from Kentucky t<j the Thirty-se\euth Con- 
gress, serving as Chairman of the Committee on the 
Xa^y Department, and also as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Accounts; in 1864 was a Presidential 
Elector. 

Dunlap, Robert P.; was born in Maine; grad- 
uated at Bowiloin College in 1815; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1818; in 1821, 1822, and 
1823 was a member of tlie State Legislature; in 1823 
was elected a State Senator, serving nine years, and 
presided over that body four years; in 1833 was a 
member of the Executive Council of Maine; in 1834 
was elected Governor of Maine, and served four years; 
was a Representative in Congress from 1843 to 1847; 
during the years 1848 .and 184!) was Collector of Cus- 
toms at Portland, and from 1853 to 1857 Postm.aster 
of Brunswick ; was for many years President of the 
Board of Overseers of Bowdoin College. Died in 
Brunswick, Maine, October 20, 1859, aged seventy 
years. 

Dunlap, William C; was born in Tennessee: 
was a Kepresentative in Congress from that State 
from 1833 to 1837. 

Dunlop, James ; was born in Georgetown, Dis- 
trict of Columbia, March 28, 1793; graduated at 
I'rinceton College in 1811; studied law with Francis 
8. Key, with whom he was afterwards associated in 
the priictice of their prolession, and acted as District 
Attorney in the hitter's place, when called away on 
public business in 1833; was Recorder of his native 
town down to the ye.ar 1838, when he w.as appointed 
Judge of the United States Circuit Court; was ma<le 
Assistant Judge in 184.5. and Chief Justice in 1856, 
which position he occupied until 186.'!, when the 
court was abolislied; was devoted to his high call- 
ing, and his judicial opinions often .atlraet<'d atten- 
tion abroad, and esjiecially was this true in regard 
to the Admiralty ca.se of the Tropic Wind, which w;us 
conijjlimented by Lord .Tohn Ru.ssell, .soon after its 
termination. Died on his farm, near Georgetown, 
May G, 1872, leaving a spotless reputation. 

Dunn, Charles ; was an early emigrant to Wis- 
consin, residing at Elk Grove, and was a|)pointc(i one 
of the Judges of the United States for that Territory. I 



Dunn, George G. ; was born iu 1813; was a 
lawyer and noted for his abilities as an orator; held 
many high ollicial trusts; was a Representative in 
Congress from Indiana from 1847 to 1819. Died in 
September, 1857. 

Dunn, George H.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Indiana from 1837 to 1839. 

Dunn, Poindexter ; was born in Wake County, 
North Carolin.a, November 3, 1834; removed, with 
his father, to Alabama in 1836; was educated in the 
common schools and graduated at Jackscm College, 
Tennessee, in 1854; removed to Arkansas in 18.56, 
and became a farmer; was a Representative in the 
State Legislature in 1.S58; served in the Confederate 
-Irmy; commenced the practice of law in 1867; was 
a Presidential Elector in 1872 and 1876; was elected 
a. Representative from Arkansas to the Forty-sixth, 
Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Con- 
gresses. 

Dunn, "William MoKee ; was born in the Ter- 
ritory of Indiana, December 12, 1814; graduated at 
the State College of Indi.ana in 1832; taught school for 
two years, and having entered Yale College, received 
from that College the degree of A.M. in 1835; adopted 
the profession of law; was elected to the Indiana 
Legislature in 1848; was a member of the State Con- 
stitutional Convention in 1850; in 1858 was elected 
a Representative from Indiana to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Manufactures 
and Roads and Canals, and also on the Special Com- 
mittee of Tliirty-three; re-elected to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Patents, al'ter which he became Assistant 
Judge Advocate in the army; was also a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention " of 1866; 
in December, 1875, was appointed Judge Advocate 
General in the place of J. Holt. ^ ^ j^^ ^ y^ / f-S^7 . 

Dunne, Edinund Francis; was born at Little 
Falls, Herkimer County, New York, in 1835; re- 
moved, witli liis parents, to Ohio in 18.36; received a 
common school education; went to California iu 1.8,52; 
had charge of a select school in San Francisco; after- 
wards studied law; traveled in Mexico in 1858; as- 
sisted in forming the Union party in 1861 ; was elected 
to the State Legislature in 1862; removed to Nevada 
in 1863; was a Delegate to the Constitutional Con- 
vention of that State; was elected a District Judge, 
and for two years did not have a single jury trial; in 
1869 visited Washington on business connected with 
Calilbrnia Claims; made a visit to Europe in 1871; 
on his return in 1874 was appointed Cliief Justice of 
the United States Court for Arizona. 

Dunnell, Mark H. ; was born in Buxton, Maine, 
July 2, 1823; graduated .at Waterville College in 1849; 
for five years wxs the principal of Norway and Heb- 
ron Academies; in 18.54 was elected to the State 
Legislature, and in 1855 to the State Senate; during 
the years 1855, 1857, 1858, and 1859 was State Sujjer- 
intendent of Common .Schools; in l>i.5(i wasa Dele- 
gate to the National Convention at Philadelphia; in 
1861 entered the Union Army as Colonel of Inl'atitry; 
in 1862 was United States Counsel at Vera Cruz, 
Mexico; in J.anuary, 1>'65, went to Minnesota; was 
a member of the Legislature of tliat State in 1867; 
was State Superintendent of Public Instruction from 
1867 to 1870; was elected to the Forty-second and 
two subseciuent Congresses, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Claims, Public Land.s. Education, and Labor; 
was re-elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and 
Fortv-scventh Congres.se,s. 



150 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Dunning-, Paris C; ivas Governor of Indiana in 
1848 and 1849, for tlie unexpired term of James 
Whit comb. 

Dupre, Jacques ; was acting Governor of Louis- 
iana in 1630. 

Durand, George H.; was born in Sdioharie 
County, New York, February 21, 1838; receixed an 
academic education; removed to Flint, Michigan, in 
1858; was a lawyer by profession, and practiced from 
the time he reached his majority; served as Alderman 
of the city of Flint for three consecutive terms; was 
elected Mayor in 1873; re-elected in 18T4; was elected 
a Representative to the Forty-fourth Congress, 

Durell, Daniel M.; was born in Massachusetts; 
graduated at Dartmouth College in 1794; studied 
law, and entered upon the practice at Dover in 1797; 
was a Representati\e in Congress from New Hamp- 
shire from 1807 to 1809; held the post of United States 
District Attorney from 1830 to 1834. Died in 1841, 
aged se\euty-one years. 

Durell, E. H. ; was born in New Hampshire; re- 
moved to New Orleans, l/ouisiana; in 18(J3 was ap- 
pointed United States ,Tudge for the District of 
Louisiana; was superseded in 1875; his decisions in 
regard to the validity of the elections in that State, 
in 1872, caused considerable excitement. 

Durfee, Job; was born in Tiverton. Rhode 
Island, in 1790; graduated at Brown University in 
1813; adopted the profession of the law; although for 
a long time Chief Justice of Rhode Island, devoted 
much attention to poetry and belles-letters; was, for 
many years, a member of the State Legislature and 
Speaker of the House; was a Reiiresentative in Con- 
gi-ess from Rhode Island from 1821 to 1825. Died in 
Tiverton in 1847. He was the author of a work en- 
titled " What Cheer? or, Roger Williams in Banish- 
ment." 

Dtu-fee, Nathaniel B.; was born in Tiverton, 
Rhode Island, September 29, 1812; received a clas- 
sical education at Newport; from 1838 to 1850 devoted 
himself to the pursuits of agriculture; represented 
the town of Warwick several years in the State Lc- 
islature, and the town of Viverton four years; was 
elected a member of the Thirty-fourth Congress, and 
was re-elected to the Thirty -tilth Congress, servint!" 
on the Committee on JIanufactures. 



ngress, serving 



Durham, Milton J.; was born in Mercer County, 
Kentucky, Jlay 16, 1824; graduated at Asbury Uni- 
versity, Indiana, in 1844; studied law at the Louis- 
ville Law School ; was one of the Circuit Judges of 
Kentucky in 1861 and 1862, and with the exception 
of that time, w.as engaged in the practice of law at 
Danville; was elected to the Forty-third Congress, 
and re-elected to the Forty-tourth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on B:inking and Currency, and the 
Department of Justice; in December, 1875, was ap- 
pointed Chairman of the C'omniittee on Revision of 
Laws; re-elected to the Forty-tifth Congress; in 
March, 1885, w.as apiiointed First Comptroller of the 
L'nited States Treasury. 

Durkee, Charles; was born at Royalton, Ver- 
mont, December 5, 1^07; w.as a nierdiaiit; removed 
to Wisconsin; was elected to the Legislatuic of that 
State in 1^*37 and 1838: was a l;e]Mcsentative in 
Congress in 1848 and 18.50 from Wisconsin; was a 
United States Senator for six years, commencing 
March, 18.55, serving as a member of the Committees 
on Revolutionary Claims and Private Land Claims; 
w.'is a Delegate to the Peace Congress of 1861; in 
1865 was aiipointed, by President Johnson, Governor 
of Utah. Died at Omaha, January 14, 1870. 



Dutton, Henry ; was bom in Plymouth, Litch- 
field County, Connecticut, February 12, 1796; gradu- 
ated at Yale College in 1813; studied law, and while 
doing so, taught in an academy; from 1821 to 1826 
was a tutor in Y'ale College, and then settled as a 
lawyer at Newtown ; remained there fourteen years; 
removed to Bridgeport, where he remained ten years; 
then settled in New Haven; was Attorney for the 
State, Profes.sor of Law in Yale College; served five 
years in the Legislature and one year in the State 
Senate; was elected Governor of Connecticut in 1854; 
from 1861 to 1866 was Judge of the Superior Court, 
and of the Supreme Court of Errors. Died in New 
Haven, April 26, 1869. In 1833 published a Digest 
of the Connecticut Reports, and was one of a Com- 
mission to revise and publish the Statutes of the 
State. 

Duval, Gabriel ; was born December 6, 1752, of 
a Huguenot family: served as a Clerk to the first 
Legislature of Slaryland, before the Declaration of 
Independence; was a Representative in Congress from 
Maryland from 1794 to 1796; a Presidential Elector 
in 1796 and 1800; Comptroller of the United States 
Treasury in 1802; in 1811 was appointed a Judge of 
the Supreine Court of the United States, which ofiice 
he held for twenty-tive years. Died in Prince George 
County, Maryland, ilarch 6, 1844. 

Duval, J. H.; was born in Wellsburg, Brooke 
County, Virginia, September 1, 1824; when eleven 
years of age started out in the world to seek his for- 
tune; spent fourteen years of his life in camp among 
the Rocky ilountains and in Texas, Mexico, and CaU 
ilbrnia: up to the year 1846 he had visited forty-two 
tribe.s of Indians; soon after th.at year he commanded 
a pioneer company from Texas to" California; entered 
the Volunteer Army from Virginia, in 1861, as a 
Major; was twice severely wounded, and having 
served throughout the w.ar, was brevetted a Major" 
General; subsequently served two years in the State 
Senate of West Virginia; also two years .is Adjutant- 
General of the State; in 1868 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from West Virginia to the Fortv-fiist Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Territories and 
Mines and ^Iining. 

Duval, Thomas H.; was born in A'irginia; emi- 
grated to Texas, and settled at Austin; in 1857 was 
appointed United States Judge for the Western Dis- 
trict of Texas. 

Duval, William P.; was born in Alrginia, in 
1784; in early life went to Kentucky, where, for a 
time, he led the life of a hunter, after which he 
studied and practiced law; was a Representative in 
Congress from Kentncky from 1813 to 1815; in 1822 
was appointed Governor of Florida, bv President 
Monroe, and re-appointed by Presidents Adams and 
Jackson; served as a Captain of Mounted Volunteers 
in 1812; in 1848 removed to Texas. Died in Wasliing- 
ton. District of Columbi.a, March 19, 1854. AVas the 
original "Ralph Ringwood '' of Wa,shington Irving, 
and "Nimrod Wildfire" of James K. Paulding. 

Dwight, Henry W.; «as Ixnn in Berk.shire 
County, Massachusetts: was a member of the 51ass;v 
chusetts Legislature in 1818 and 1834: was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Massachusetts from 1821 
to 1831. Died in New York, February 21, 1845. 

Dwig-ht, Jeremiah "W.; was born in Cincin- 
natus. New York; received a common school educ;i- 
tiou; engaged in various pursuits; was Chairman of 
the Board of Supervi.sors of Dryden, New Y'ork, in 
1857 and 1858; was a member oi" the State House of 
Representatives in 1860 and 1861; was a Delegate to 
the Republican National Convention of 1868; "Presi- 



BIOGRAPHICAL AXNALS. 



151 



dent of the Dwight Farm and Land Company, of Da- 
kota; a Director and member of the Exeeutive Com- 
mittee of the Southern Central Railroad; was elected 
a Kepreseutative from New York to the Forty-fifth, 
Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses. Died 
November "2(j, 1885. 

D'wight, Theodore ; was born in Northampton, 
JIassachusctts, December (J, 1764; soon after the 
Revolution studied law, and attained a high position 
as a lawyer; for a number of yearj was a State Sena- 
tor in Connecticut; was a Representative in Congress 
from Connecticut during the years 180(i and 1807; in 
1813 was a I'resideutial Elector; was a ready and 
brilliant writer, and conducted for a time the Hart- 
ford Mirror; was Secretary of the Hartford Conven- 
tion, of which he wrote the authentic history; in 
1815, at the suggestion of leading men, he estab- 
lished the Albany Daili/ Advcrlim-r; in 1817 founded 
the New York Daily Advcrli.ft-r, which he conducted 
with signal ability until 1830, when be removed to 
Hartlbrd, Connecticut, and retired from active life. 
About three yeai-s before his death he went to New 
York to reside with his son, and died in that city 
June 11, 1840. Brother of President Timothy 
Dwight. He was one of the founders of the Ameri- 
can Bible Society; wrote a Life of Thomas Jelfersou 
and a Dictionary of Roots and Derivations. 

D'wight, Thomas ; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1778; was a member of the JIassachusetts 
Legislature in 1794 and 1795; a State Senator from 
1796 to 1803 and in 1813; a member of the Ex- 
ecutive Council in 1S08 and 1809; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Mivssachusetts from 1803 to 
1805. Died in 1819. 

D-winell, Justin ; graduated at Yale College in 
1805; was a member of the New Y'ork Assembly in 
1821 and 1822; w:is a Representative in Congress 
fi-om that State tjom 1823 to 1825. 

Dyer, Charles B.; was born in Cicero, Ononda- 
ga County, New York, October 5, 1834; removed, 
with his parents, to Ohio, in 1835, and to the, then. 
Territory of Wisconsin in 1839; his education was 
partly academic and partly by private tutor; in 1849 
entered the ollice of the \\'(.s((rn Cilizni newspaper, in 
Chicago, Illinois, with the intention of becoming a 
printer; in 1851 removed to Sandusky, Ohio, where 
he, finally, was employed in the oftice of the Clerk of 
the Court of Common Pleas; upon the advice of Hon. 
Ebenezer Lane, formerly one of the Judges of the 
State Supreme Court, studied law; was a<lmitted to 
the bar in 1858; in January, 1859, removed to 
Racine, Wisconsin, where he was, the same year, 
elected City .\ttorney, and was re-elected in 1860; in 
1866 was elected a Repre.scntative in the .'^tate Legis- 
lature, and was re-elected in 1867; in 1875 was ap- 
pointed United States District Judge for the Eastern 
Distiict of Wisconsin. 

Dyer, David P.; was bom in Henry County, 
Virginia, February 12, 1838; removed to Missouri in 
1841: was educated at St. Charles College; studied 
law, and came to the bar in 1859; was a District 
Prosecuting Attorney in 1860; was elected to the 
State Legislature in 1'862 and 1865; had command ol 
the Forty-ninth Missouri Volunteers during a part 
of the Rebellion; was elected Secret;irv of the State 
Senate in 1866; a Delegate to the Chicago Convention 
of 1868; was elected a Representative liom Missouri 
to the Forty-first Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Territories and Agriculture. 

Dyer, Eliphalet ; was born in Windham. Con- 
necticut, Sejjtember 28, 1721; graduated at Yale 



College in 1740, and received the degree of LL.D. 
from that institution in 1787; commenced the prac- 
tice of law at the age of nineteen; from 1745 to 1762 
was a Representative to the (n^ieral (Jourt; was ap- 
pointed to the command of a Connecticut regiment 
during the French War in 1755; was elected a mem- 
ber of the Council in 1762; went to England in 1763 
as Agent of the Susquehanna Company ; w:is a Dele- 
gate to the Stamp Act Congress of 1765; was a Dele- 
gate to the Continental Congress in 1774, and held a 
seat in that body during the war, excepting 1779; 
was appointed .Judge of the Supreme Court in 1766; 
was Chief Justice from 1789 to 1793. Died in Wind- 
ham, aiay 13, 1807. 

Dyer, Elisha ; was Governor of Rhode Island for 

two years, beginning with 1857. 

Dyer, John J.; was an early emigrant to Iowa; 
prior to the year 18.50 was appointed United States 
Judge for the three Districts of Iowa. 

Eager S. W.; graduated at Princeton College in 
1809; was a Representative in Congress ti'om New 
York, from 1829 to 1831. 

Eames, Benjamin T.; was born in Tudham, 
.M;issachusetts, June 4, 1818; graduated at Y'ale Col- 
U'ge in 1843; was admitted to ihc l)ar, and practiced 
at Providence, Rhode Island; was a member of the 
State Senate in 1854, 1855, 1856, 1859, and 1863; 
of the Legislature in 1859, 1868, and 1869, serving 
the last year as Speaker; was a Delegate to the Con- 
vention at Chicago in 1860; was elected to the Forty- 
second and two succeeding Congiesses, serving on 
the Committees on Patents and Land Claims; was 
re-elected to the Forty-litth Congress; declined a re- 
nominatiou. 

Eames, Charles ; was born in New Braiutree, 
iI;Ls^>achusetts, .March 20, 1812; in 1831 graduated at 
Harvard University; studied at the Cambridge Law 
School, but was prevented by ill liealth liom prac- 
ticing, ;iud in 1845 took a position in the Navy De- 
partment; a lew months later became associate ed- 
itor of the Washington Union; was apjjointed, by 
President Polk, Commissioner to the Sandwich 
Islands for the negotiation of a treaty; in 1850 re- 
turned; after editing the Nashville iniuii for six 
months, again edited the Uiiioji, until sent as Minis- 
ter to \'enezuela by President Pierce ; returned to 
Washington in 1858, where lie practiced law until his 
death; iluring the last five years of liLs life he won 
distinction by his knowledge of international law. 
Died in Washington, District of Columbia, March Itj, 
1867. 

Earle, Elias ; was born in Frederick County, 
Virginia; was a Representati\e in Congress from 
South Carolina from 1805 to 1807, from 1811 to 1815, 
and again from 1817 to 1821. 

Earle, John B.; w;isa Representative in Congress 
Irom South Carolina from 1803 to 1805. 

Earle, Samuel ; was a Rejjrcsentative in Con- 
gress from South Carolina from 1795 to 1797. 

Earll, Jonas, Jr.; was born in 1786; w.is atone 
time a Senator in the New York Legislature; was a 
member of Congress from that State Jiom 1827 to 
1831; was a Canal Commissioner at the time of his 
death, which occurred at Syracuse, New York, in 
October, 1846. 

Earll, Nehemiah H.; was born in New York; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1839 to 1841. 



1.-.2 



BlOGKAPHICAL AXNALS. 



Early, Peter ; was bom in Madison County, Vir- 
ginia, June 20, 1773; emigrated to Georgia witli his 
father in 1795; graduated at Nassau Hall, Princeton, 
and studied law in Philadelphia; served in the 
United States House of Representatives from (Georgia 
from 1802 to 1807; was one of the most conspicuous 
among its members who supported the Administra^ 
tion; on his return to Georgia, was made a Judge of 
the Supreme Court of the State; in 1813 was elected 
Governor; was subsequently a State Senator, but for 
several years before his death lived in retirement. 
Died August 15, 1817. 

Easby, William ; was appointed Commissioner 
of Public Buildings for the District of Columbia, in 
1851, holding the position untU 1853. 

Easterbrook, Experience ; was born in Leb- 
anon, Grafton County, New Hampshire, April 30. 
1813; received a good academic education; studied 
law in Buifalo, and graduated at the Law School of 
Marshall College, Pennsylvania; removed to AViscoii- 
sin in 1840, where he practiced his profession until 
1854 ; besides holding a number of county ofSces, was 
a member of the Convention that formed the Consti- 
tution of that State; served also in the Legislature of 
Wisconsin, and was Attorney-General of the State; 
in 1854 was appointed United States District Attor- 
ney for the Territory of Nebraska, which office he 
held until 1859, when he was elected a Delegate Irom 
Nebraska to the Thirty -sixth Congress. 

Eastman, Benjamin C; was a Representative 
in Congress from Wisconsin from 1851 to 1855. Died 
February 5, 185fi, at Platteville, in that State. 

Eastman, Ira A.; was born in New Hampshire; 
graduated at Dartmouth College in IS'29; served in 
the State Legislature, and was Speaker of the Housf 
from 1837 to 1839; was at one time Secretary of the 
State Senate; was Register of Probate; from 1844 to 
1859 was a Judge of the Circuit and Supreme Courts; 
and was elected a Representative in Congress lioui 
New Hampshire from 1839 to 1843. 

Eastman, Nehemiah ; was born in Strafford 
County, New Hampshire; was a lawyer by profes- 
sion; settled at Farmington, New Hamjishire; was a 
Senator in the State Legislature from 1820 to 1825; a 
Representative in Congress from New Hampshire 
from 1825 to 1827. Died January 11, 185b, aged 
sixty -live years. 

Easton, Rufus ; was appointed United States 
Judge for the Territory of Louisiana in 1805; was 
elected a Delegate to Congress from Missouri Territorj' 
from 1814 to 1816. 

Eaton, Benjamin H.; was born near West Bed- 
ford, Coshocton County, Ohio, December 15, 1833; 
received a common school and academic education; 
taught school for a time and, in 1854 removed to 
Iowa, where he again engaged in teaching; rtmoved 
to Colorado in 1859; engaged in farming, mining, 
manufacturing, and stock raising; served as Justice 
of the Peace, County Commissioner, and as Repre- 
sentative and Senator in the Territorial Legislatui-e ; 
in 1884 was elected Governor of the State of 
Colorado. 

Eaton, Horace ; w.as born in Barnard, Vermont, 
June 22, 1804; graduated at Middlebury College in 
1825; practiced medicine in Enosbury from 1828 to 
1848, when he was appointed Professor of Chemistry 
and Natural History in Middlebury College, subse- 
quently resided at Middlebury; was for some years a 
member of the Legislature; Lieutenant-Governor 



from 1843 to 1846; Superintendent of Public Schools 
from 1845 to 1850; Governor of the State from 1846 
to 1849; was a member of the Constitutional Conven- 
tion in 1848. Died at Middlebury, July 4, 1855. 

Eaton, John; was born in Sutton, New Hamp- 
shire, December 5, 1829; graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 1654; removed to Ohio; was Superintend- 
ent of Schools at Toledo from 1856 to 1859: studied 
theology at Andover; served as a Chaplain in the 
Army; had charge of the Freedmen in the extreme 
South; was commissioned a Colonel in the Volunteer 
Service, and brevetted a General; held a number of 
official positions during the war; established and 
edited the Daily Pod at Jlemphis, Tennessee; in 1870 
was appointed United States Commissioner of Ed- 
ucation ; wrote and published many papers on matters 
connected with education. 

Eaton, Jolm H.; was born in Tennesseejaias a 
Senator in Congress from Tennessee from V^l^ to " 
1829; was Secretary of War under President Jackson 
from 1829 to 1831; from 1834 to 1836 was Governor 
of the Territory of Florida; from 1836 to 1840 was 
Minister Plenipotentiary to Spain. Died in Wash-/ 
ingtoa.. Dist rict o l' Columbia, November 17, (J^Sv 
ageilSffcy -six jeaiS ^ He was the author of a Lueof " 
Andrew Jackson. ^^ 

Eaton, Le'wls ; was a Representative in Congress 
Ciom ^e\v York from 1823 to 1825. 

Eaton, "William "W.; was born in Tolland, Con- 
necticut, in October, 181G; was chiefly educated at 
public schools, but also received private instruction ; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar; settled in 
Hartford, and had an active practice; was elected a 
member of the House of Representatives of Connecticut 
lu ia47, 1848, 1853, 1863, 1868, 1870, 1871, 1873, and 
1874; was elected Speaker in 1853 and 1873; was 
elected State Senator in 1850; in 1874 was elected 
United States Senator for the term ending in 1881 ; in 
1S82 was elected a Representative from Connecticut 
to the Forty-eightli Congress. 

Eckert, George N.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congi-ess from that State 
from 1847 to 1849, after which he was appointed 
Director of the United States Mint from 1851 to 1853. 
He was a physician by profession, and a man of 
superior ability. Died in Philadelphia, in July, 1865. 

Eckles, Delane R.; was born in Kentucky; re- 
moved to Indiana; was appointed Chief Justice of the 
United States Court for the Territory of Utah. 

Eckley, Ephraim R.; was born in Jefferson 
County, Ohio, December 9, 1812; received his educa- 
tion in the West; read law, and came to the bar in 
1837; was a member of the Ohio Senate in 1843, 
1845, and 1849, .serving until 1851; in 1853 was 
elected to the State House of Kepresentatixes; during 
the Rebellion was, at different times. Colonel of the 
Twenty-sixth and Eightieth Regiments of Ohio Vol- 
unteers, serving througli several battles, and at the 
battle of Corinth commanded a brigade; in 1862 was 
elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Committees on Pri- 
vate Land Claims, and on Roads and Canals; in 
March, 1863, resigned his position in the army; re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the Public Lands and on Accounts: 
was also a Delegate to "the Philadelphia "Loyalists' 
Convention" of 1866; was re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on his former committees. 

Eddy, Norman; was born in New York; re- 
moved to Indiana; was a Representative in Congress 
from that State from 1853 to 1855. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



153 



Eddy, Samuel ; was born in Providence, Rhode 
■Island, Marcli 31, 1769; graduated at Brown Uni- 
'■versity in 1787; studied law, but did not long engage 
in practice; in 1798 was oliosen Secretary of State, 
and held the office for twenty-one years, when he re- 
signed; was elected a Representative in Congress 
fiom his native State from 1819 to 1825; was subse- 
quently Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Khode 
Island for eight j'ears; devoted some attention to 
literary pursuits, and was honored in 1801 with the 
degree of LL.D. Died in Providence, February 3, 
1839. 

Eden, Charles ; was Governor of North Carolina 
from 1713 to 1722. Died March 26, 1722, aged forty- 
eight years. 

Eden, John R.; was born in Bath County, Ken- 
tucky, February 1, 182G; went with his parents, at an 
early age, to Indiana; received a common school ed- 
ucation; studied law, and commenced practice in Il- 
linois: in 1856 was appointed State Attorne_y for the 
Seventh District, which office he held four years; in 
1862 was elected a Representative from Illinois to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committees on Accounts and Revolutionary Pen- 
sions; was elected to the Fort}--third and Forty- 
fourth Congicsses, serving on the Committee on 
Claims; in December, 1875, was appointed Chairman 
of the Committee on War Claims; was re-elected to 
the Forty -fifth Congress; was again elected to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Edgecomb, Willard "W. ; was a citizen of 
Maine; while holding the position of Consul at Cape 
Town, Africa, was empowered to negotiate a treaty 
of friendship and commerce with the Orange Free 
States, in 1871. 

Edgerton, Alfred P.; was born at Plattsburgh, 
Clinton C(mnty, New York, Janr>ary 11, 1813; is a 
lineal descendent of Richard Edgerton, one of the 
original proprietors of Norwich, Connecticut; re- 
ceived an academic education; made his first public 
appearance as editor of a newspaper in his native 
town; removed to the city of New York in 1833, and 
engaged in mercantile pursuits; in the spring of 
1837 went to Ohio, and assumed the management of 
the extensive interests of the American Land Com- 
pany and the Hicks Land Company, in the north- 
western part of the State; established an office at 
Hicksville. Williams County, (now part of Defiance 
County); in 1845 was elected to the State Senate of 
Ohio; in 1848 was a Delegate at Large to the Demo- 
cratic National Convention; in 1850 was elected a 
Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-second Con- 
gress; in 1852 was re-elected to the Thirty-third Con- 
gress; was Chairman of the Committee on Claims; in 
1853 was appointed Financial Agent of the State of 
Ohio, holding the position until May 1, 185(); was a 
member of the Democratii; National Committee from 
1852 to 1856, and was C.'iairman of the Sub-Com- 
mittee which organized the Democratic National 
Convention in 1856; in 1857 removed to Fort Wayne, 
Indiana, but retained his residence in Ohio until 
1862; in 1858 was a member, and Chairman of the 
Committee to iu\estigate the frauds upon the Ohio 
State Treasury, and made an elaborate report, dis- 
closing the authors, and the extent of the frauds; 
in 1859, with Hugh McCulloch and Pliny Hoogland, 
became lessee and general manager of the Indiaiui 
Canals, and acted as such until 18C8; in .lauuary, 
1864. wa.s a Delegate at Large to thi^ Democratic 
National Convention; in 1868 was a Candidate for 
Lieutenant-Governor of Indiana, on the ticket with 
Thomas A. Hendricks, but the ticket was defeated; 
in 1872 was nominated as the "Straight-Out" Csuidi- 



date for Governor of Indiana, but declined to run; was, 
for many years, President of the Board of School Trus- 
tees of Fort Wayne, Indiana, also a Trustee of Par- 
due University, of Lafayette, Indiana, and the Agri- 
cultural and Mechanical College of Indiana, endowed 
by the General (iovernment; in November, 1885. was 
appoitiU'd. by President Cleveland, United StateS 
Civil Service Commissiioner, and became the Presi- 
dent of the Commission. 

Edgerton, Joseph Ketchum ; was born in 

Vergennes, Vermont, February 16, 1818; spent his 
youth in Clinton County, New York, and received a, 
common school education, chiefly at Plattsburg; read 
law; settled in New York City in 1835; came to the 
bar in 1839; removed to Fort Wayne, Indiana, in 
1844; in 1855 was President of the Fort Wayne and 
Chicago Railroad Company, and subsequently finan- 
cial agent of the same when consolidated with the 
Pittsburg road; in 1862 was elected a Representative 
from Indiana to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Naval Aifaii-s. 

Edgerton, Sidney; was born in Cazenovia, 
Madison County, New York, in 1818; became an 
orphan when a boy; acquired an academic education 
by means of his own exertions, teaching school and 
studying at the same time; removed to Ohio in 1844, 
and studied law, spending one year at the Law 
School in Cincinnati; was a Prosecuting Attorney 
for four years in Summit County; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Ohio to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on the District 
of Columbia; re-elected to the Thirty -seventh Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Revolutionary 
Claims, and Private Land Claims; was appointed, 
by President Lincoln, a Judge for the Territory of 
Idaho, and, subsequently, Governor of Montana. 

Edie, John R.; was born in Pennsylvania; was 
elected a Representative to the Thirty-fourth and 
Thirty-fifth Congresses from that State, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Patents. 

Edmands, J. "Wiley ; was born in Massachu- 
setts; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1853 to 1855. 

Edmond, Williara ; was born at South Britain, 
Connecticut, September 28, 1755; graduated at Yale 
College in 1773; was a volunteer soldier at the burn- 
ing of Danbury, and received a wound in the leg 
which made him lame for life; was a lawyer by pro- 
fession; was chosen a member of the Legislature; 
member of the Council; Judge of the Supreme Court 
of that State; was a member of Congress from Con- 
necticut from 1798 to 1801. Died in Newton, Con- 
necticut, August 1, 1838. 

Edmonds, John "Worth ; was born in Hudson, 
New York, March 13, 1799; graduated at Union Col- 
lege in 1816; was admitted to the bar in 1819 and 
began to practice in Hudson in 1820; was a member 
of the Legislature in 1831; of the Senate from 1832 
to 1836; also of the Court of Errors; in 1836 and 1837; 
was sent, by the Government, on special missions to 
the Indians on the frontiei-s; in 1837 resumed the 
practice of law in New York City ; w as Prison In- 
spector in 1843; Circuit Judge from 1845 to 1847; 
Judge of the Superior Court from 1847 to 1852; a 
member of the Court of Appeals in 18.52 and 1853, 
when he retired and practiced in New York; became 
an advoaite of Spiritualism in 1^.53, and publi-shed a 
work, in two volumes, on the subject, and also ad- 
ditional volumes. Died in New York, April 5, 1874. 

Edmondson, Henry A.; was born in Virginia; 
was elected a Representative in Congress from that 



154 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



State in 1849; was re-elected to each successive Con- 
gress down to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Public Expenditures. 

Edmunds, George F.; was born in Eichmond' 
Vermont, February 1, 1828; received a common 
school education, and enjoyed the instruction of a 
private tutor; studied law, and came to the bar in 
1849, devoting himself exclusively to the legal pro- 
fession; in 18.')1 settled in Burlington; in 1854, 1855, 
1857, 1858, and 1859, was elected to the Vermont 
Legislature, serving three years as Speaker; in 1861 
and 1862 was elected to the State Senate, officiating 
as President 7J)o tern, of that body during those years; 
on tlie breaking out of the Rebellion was a member 
of the State Convention which met to form a coalition 
between the Republicans and War Democrats, and 
drew up the resolutions which were adopted in that 
Convention as the basis of union for the country; on 
the death of Solomon Foot was appointed in his place 
■to the United States Senate, taking his seat in April 
1866, and the appointment was confirmed by the 
Legislature; the Committees upon which he served 
were those on Commerce, Public Lauds, Pensions, 
Eetrenchment, and the Judiciary; was also a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelpliia " Loyalists' Convention" of 
1866; during the Forty-second and Forty-third Con- 
gresses was Chairman of the Committee on the Judi- 
ciarj'; was re-elected to the Senate for the term end- 
ling in 1881; was again re-elected for the term ending 
'in 1887; in March, 1883, was elected President of the 
Senate, pro tempore. 

Ediniirids, G. ; was an emigrant to Utah, and 
was appointed an Associate Judge of the United 
States Court for that Territory. 

Edmunds, James M.; was born in Niagara 
County, New York, August 23, 1810; received a 
common school and academic education; from 1826 
■until 1831 was a school teacher; removed to Jlichi- 
gan and became a merchant at Ypsilanti; was for ten 
years an Inspector of Schools, holding also a number 
of other local positions; in 1839 was elected to the 
State Senate; in 1846 to the Lower House; in 1847 
was the AVhig candidate for Governor, but not elected ; 
was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 
1851 ; in 1853 removed to Detroit and entered exten- 
sively into the lumber business; from 1857 to 1861 
was Comptroller of Detroit, which office he resigned 
to become the Commissioner of the General Ltind 
Office in Washington; resigning that position in 1866 
was chosen Postmaster of the United States Senate, 
which position he resigned in 1869, to accept the 
office of Postmaster of Washington City; from 1855 
to 1861 was Chairman of the Republican State Cen- 
tral Committee of Michigan; President of the Michi- 
gan Soldiers' Relief Association in Washington City, 
from its first organization in 1861 ; was also Presi- 
dent of the National Council of the Union League of 
America from its organization in 1862 to 1869, when 
he retired from the position. 

Edmunds, Ne-w1;on; wa.s born in New York; 
was an early emigrant to Dakota; in 1863 was ap- 
pointed Governor of that Territory, residing in 
Y'ankton, and serving in that office until 1866. 

Edsall, Joseph E.; was born in Sussex County, 
Ne\s .Tersey; was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 18:>7 to 1839; was a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature, and of the Convention 
which framed the last State Constitution. 

Ed'ward, John; was born in New York; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1837 
to 1843. 



Ed-wards, Benjamin ; was born in Stafibrd 
County, Virginia, in 1752; had not the advantage of 
a classical education, and his pursuits were those of 
agriculture and merchandise; was a member of the 
Maryland Legislature; also of the .State Convention 
which ratified the Federal Constitution; was a mem- 
ber of Congress from Maryland from 1794 to 1795. 
to fill the unexpired term of LTriah Forrest; spent 
the latter years of his life in Kentucky, but held no 
])ublie position in that State. Died in Todd County-, 
November 13, 1826. 

Ed-wards, Francis S.; was born in Norwich, 
Connecticut, May 28, 1818; adopted the profession of 
the law; removing to New York, was appointed a 
Master in Chancery, in 1841, for the County of Che- 
nango; in 1851 was elected Surrogate of Chautauqua 
County; in 1854 w.is elected to the Thirty-fourth 
Congress from New York. 

Ed-wards, Henry W.; was born in New Haven, 
Connecticut, in 1779; graduated at Princeton College 
in 1797; studied his profession at the Litchfield Law 
School, and settled in New Haven; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from 1819 to 1823; United States 
Senator from 1823 to 1827; member of the State 
Senate in 1828 and 1829; Speaker of the Connecticut 
House of Representatives in 1830; Governor in 1833, 
and from 1835 to 1838; upon his recommendation a 
geological survey of the State was taken. Died in 
New Haven, July 22, 1847. 

EdTvards, James L.; was born in Virginia; was 
appointed from that State, in 1837, the Commissioner 
of Pensions, serving in that capacity untU 1850. 

Ed-wards, John ; was a member of the Ken- 
tucky Legislature from Fayette County in 1781, 
1782, 1783, and 1785; was a Commissioner wlio chose 
the seat of Government at Frankfort in 1785; was a 
member of the State Conventions of that year, and 
of the Convention to ratify the Federal Constitution 
in 1792; was LTnited States Senator from Kentucky 
from 1792 to 1795. 

Ed-wards, John ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1839 to 1843. Died in 
Chester, Pennsylvania, June 25, 1843. 

Ed-wards, John C; was a Representative in 
Congress from Missouri from 1841 to 1843; Governor 
of that State from 1844 to 1848. 

Ed-wards, Ninian ; was born in Montgomery 
County, Maryland, March, 1775; was, in early life, 
the intimate friend of William Wirt, and graduated 
at Dickinson College; studied both medicine and 
law, but devoted himself to the practice of law with 
eminent success; removing to Kentucky, was twice 
elected to the Legislature; was appointed a Circuit 
Clerk, and subsequently Judge of the General Court 
of Kentucky, of the Circuit Court, of the Court of 
Appeals, and finally. Chief Justice of the State, all Ije- 
fore reaching the thirty-second year of his age; in 
1809 President Madison appointed him Governor of 
the Territory of Illinois, to which office he was three 
times re-appointed. Before Congress h.ad adopted 
any measures on the subject of volunteer rangers, he 
organized companies, sujjplied them with arms, 
built stockade forts, and established a line of posts 
from the mouth of the Jlissourito the Wabash River. 
He was thus prei^ared for defence, atul during the In- 
dian wars on the frontiers was most devoted to his 
country's ser\'ice. In 1816 was appointed a Commis- 
sioner to treat with the Indian tribes; when Illinois 
became a State, was elected a Senator in Congress, 
serving from 1818 to 1824, when he was appointed - 
Minister to Jlexico, but declined the office; in 1826 



BIOGKAPHICA L ANNALS. 



155 



was elected Governor of the State of Illinois, vhich 
office he ailed until 1831. Died of cholera Jiilv 20, 
1833. 

Ed-wards, Pierrepont; «us born in North- 
ampton, Ma.ssachusctts, April 8, 1750; was the 
youngest son of .lonuthan Edwards, the distinguished 
divine. From the fact that his father was a mission- 
ary among the Stockbridgc Indians, he spent much 
of his early boyhood among tliat people, and acquired 
the language so perfectly tliat lie was wont to sa.\' 
that he " thought in Indian." His youth was pa.ssed 
in New Jersey and North Carolina, and he was edu- 
cated at Princeton College; studied law, and settled 
in the practice of the profession in New Haven, Con- 
necticut; was frequently elected to the Connecticut 
Legislature; was administrator of the estate of Ben- 
edict Arnold at the time of his treason; served in the 
army during the Kexolution; was in two hard-fought 
battles; at the battle of Danbury was reported killed 
because he remained on the battle tield for the pur- 
pose of rescuing a friend; was a Delegate from Con- 
necticut to the Continental Congress in 1787 and 
1788; subsequently filled the office of United States 
Judge for the State of Connecticut, which he held at 
the time of his death, which occurred at Bridgeport, 
Connecticut, April 1, 18'26. He was the founder of 
what was called the Toleration Party in Connecticut, 
and by his ability and perseverance called down 
upon his head the animosity of the Calvinists; w,as 
also the first Grand Master among the Ma,sons of 
. Connecticut, having, in fact, drawn up the Constitu- 
tion of the original Lodge in that State. 

Edwards, Samuel ; was born in Delaware 
County, Pennsylvania; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1819 to 1827. 

Ed-wards, Thomas M.; was born in Cheshire 
County, New Hampshire; graduated at Dartmouth 
College; adopted the profession of law; served eight 
years in the New Hampshire Legislature between the 
years 1834 and 1856; was a Presidential Elector in 
1856; in 1859 was elected a Representative from New 
Hampshii-e to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Indian Affiiirs; re- 
elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress; was a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 
1866. 

Ed-w-ards, Tom O.; was born in Maryland; hav- 
ing taken up his residence in Ohio, was elected a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1847 
to 1849. Died at Wheeling, West Virginia, in Feb- 
ruary, 1876. 

Ed-wards, Weldon N.; was born in Northamp- 
ton Count}', North Carolina, in 1788; was educated 
at Warreuton Academy; read law, and came to the 
bar in ISIO; was in the Legislature for two years; 
-was a member of Congress from North Carolina from 
1816 to 1827; again went into the Legislature, serv- 
ing there from 1833 to 1844; w,->s again elected in 
1850; was made President of the State Senate; was 
ppe-sident of the State Convention in 1861; and died 
in Warren, North Carolina, December 18, 1873. 

Ed-wards, William P.; was bom in Georgia; 
received a legal education ; was elected a Representa- 
tive from that State to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
bn the Committee on Revolutionary Claims. 

Effner, Valentine ; was born in New York; -was 
a member of the Assembly of that State in 1829; was 
a Representative in Congress from 1835 to 1837. 

Egbert, A. G-.; was born in Mercer County. Penn- 
sylvania, .\pril 13. 1S2S: was educated principally in 



pul)Iie schools; was trained a farmer; (luit that busi- 
ness in 1852 to attend two academic courses in Ohio; 
in 1853 commenced the study of medicine, and grad- 
uated in 1856: engaged in practice for si.\ years, and 
then turned his attention again to f;u-ming and to 
the production and refining of petroleum oil; w:us 
elected a licpresentative from Pennsylvania to the 
Forty-fourth Congress; in December, 1875, was ap- 
pointed Chairman of the Committee on Mileage. 

Egbert, Joseph ; was born in New York; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1841 
to 1843. 

Ege, George , was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania during the years 1796 and 1797, 
for the unexpired term of D. Heister, resigned. 

Eggleston, Benjamin ; was born in Corinth, 
Saratoga County, New York, January 3, 1816; re- 
moved with his lather to Hocking County, Ohio, in 
1831, where he entered upon commercial pursuits, 
becoming extensively identilied with the busine-ss 
interests and prosperity of Cincinnati and Ohio; was 
connected for many years with the Board of Public 
Works of Hamilton County and Cincinnati, and was 
it< Chairman: was the eftective Chairman, also, of 
an important tinance committee, in a time of great 
public distress; w;is President of the City Council; 
was for some years a member of the State Legisla- 
ture; was a member of the Chicago Convention of 
I860, and a Presidential Elector at the following 
election; in looking after the -welfare of the Ohio 
soldiers during the Rebellion, rendered services that 
were universally acknowledged; one or two import- 
ant canals were inaugurated by him, and carried on 
under his supervision; in 1864 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Ohio to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Commerce, and Ex- 
penditures in the Post Office Department, and Reve- 
nue Frauds; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 18(i6; was re-elected to 
the Fortieth Congress, serving on the additional 
Committee on Expemlitures in the Post Office De- 
partment; subsequently published several successful 
novels. 

Eggleston, Joseph ; was born in Amelia Coun- 
ty, Virginia, November 24, 1754; was educated at 
the College of William and Mary; served in the 
Revolutionary War as a Captain and Major of Cavalry 
under Colonel Henry Lee; was in several of the bat- 
tles fought by (lates and Greene; served in- the Vir- 
ginia Assembly for several years; was .a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Virginia from 1798 to 1801; 
from the time of his leaving Congre.ss until his death 
was a Justice of the Pe.ice. Died February 15, 1811. 

EickhoflF, Anthony; was born in Westphalia, 
Germany, September 11, 1827; studied philology; 
emigrated to the irnit<'d States in 1847; studied law 
in Saint Louis, Missouri, but did not. practice; be- 
came an editor and had editorial charge of newsi>a- 
))ei-s at Saint Louis, Dubuque, Iowa, and Louisville, 
Kentucky, and linally at New York, where be lo- 
eited permanently in 1852; in 1863 was appointed 
Commissary General of Subsistence of the .State of 
New York; w.as subsequently elected a Representa- 
tive in the New York Legislature; \v;us elected Coro- 
ner of the city of New York in 1873; w;us elected a 
Representative from New York to the Forty-lifth 
Congress. 

Einstein, Ed-win ; was born .at Cincinnati, Oliio; 
November 18, 1842; removed to New York in 1846; 
received a c/)llegiate eiliication; engaged in mercan- 
tile pursuits; was elected a Representative from New 
York to the Eortv-sixth Cimgress. 



156 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Ela, Jacob H.; was born iu Eochester, New 
Hampshire, July 18, 18'20; began active life as a prin- 
ter in the office of the S/oliminiit newspaper in 1837; 
established and edited the Hriuhl iif FrceiJom, and 
also participated in establisliiug the Indrpendent Dem- 
ocrat; in 1857 and 1858 was a member of the State 
Legislature, and filled several other State oliices; in 
1861 was appointed, by President Lincoln, United 
Sta,tes Marshal lor his State, holdins the office until 
1866; was elected a Representative from New Hamp- 
shire to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Printing, Claims, and 
Freedmen's Aifairs; in 1872 was appointed Fifth 
Auditor of the United States Treasury; in June, 1881, 
was appointed Sixth Auditor of the Treasury. 

Elam, Joseph B.; was born in Hempstead Coun- 
ty, Arkansas, June 12, 1821 ; removed, with his 
father, to Louisiana in 1826; studied law and was 
admitted to practice at Alexandria in 1843; served 
two terms in the State Legislature; in 1851 removed 
to De Sota Parish; in 1861 was a Delegate to the 
State Constitutional Convention; again served in the 
Legislature during the Civil War; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Louisiana to the Forty-fifth Con- 
gress; re-elected to the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Eldred, Nathaniel B. ; was born in Orange 
County, New York, in 1795; was a Representative in 
Congi'ess from Pennsylvania from 1822 to 1828: was 
for a time Canal Comiuissioner of Pennsylvania ; Naval 
Officer at Philadelphia from 1852 to i856. Died at 
Bethany, Pennsylvania, January 27, 1867. 

Bldredge, Nathaniel B.; was born iu Auburn, 
New York, March, 1813; received a common school ed- 
ucation; studied medicine; attended Medical College 
at Fairfield, New York; removed to Michigan in 1837, 
and settled in Oakland County in the practice of 
medicine; in 1843 removed to Lapeer, Michigan, 
where he practiced his profession for nine years; stud- 
ied law, and was admitted to the bar, engaged in 
the practice of law at Lapeer; held various local 
offices; was Clerk of the State Senate in 1845; 
State Senator in 1848; Judge of Probate from 
1852 to 1856; in 1861 raised a company of volun- 
teers and joined the Seventh Michigan Infant- 
ry; was, soon afterwards, promoted to Major; be- 
came a Lieutenant Colonel in 18<)2; in 1865 removed 
to Adrian, Michigan, was elected Mayor in 1870; 
the same year was an unsuccessful candidate for 
Congress; in 1874 was elected Sherifl' of Lenawee 
County; was elected a Representative from Michigan 
to the Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Eldridge, Charles A.; was born in Bridgeport, 
Addison County, Vermont, February 27, 1821; when 
a child removed, with his parents, to St. Lawrence 
County, New York: studied law in that State, and 
came to the bar in 1846; in 1848 remo\'ed to Fond du 
Lac, Wisconsin; in l'^54 and 1855 was a member of 
the State Senate; in lh'62 was elected a Representa- 
tive from AVisconsin to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Revolutionary Claims; 
re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Revolutionary Claims and Naval 
Atfairs; was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
" National Union Convention " of 1866; was re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on the Judiciary and Revolutionary Claims; 
re-elected to the three succeeding Congresses, serving 
on the Judiciary Committee and that on the District 
of Columbia. 

Elgar, Joseph ; was appointed Commissioner of 
Public Buildings for the District of Columbia in 1816, 
and continued in that office until 1834. 



Eliot, Samuel A.; was born in Boston, Massa- 
chusetts, March 5, 1798; educated at Harvard College; 
engaged in commercial and manufacturing business; 
was Slayor of Boston from 1837 to 1839; Representa- 
tive and Senator in the Legislature for three or four 
years; was a Representative in Congress from 1850 to 
1851; was also Tieasurer of Harvard College for 
eleven years. Died at Cambridge, January 26, 1862. 

Eliot, Thomas D.; was bom in Boston, Massa- 
chusetts, March 20, 1808; graduated at Columbia 
College, Washington City, in 1825; adopted the pro- 
fession of the law, and settled at New Bedford; 
served in both Houses of the Massachusetts Legisla- 
ture; was a Representative in Congress for the unex- 
pired term of Zeno Scudder, in 1855; re-elected to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Commerce; re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress; and was Chairman of the Special Committee on 
Confiscation of the Property of Rebels; was re-elected 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Commerce and on Expenditures in the 
Treasury Department, and also as Chairman of the 
Special Committee on Emancipation; re-elected to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, and was again a member 
of the Committee on Commerce, and Chairman of 
that on Freedmen, and also of that on the New Or- 
leans Riots; several important bills bearing on the 
colored race were drawn up by him; was a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention" of 1866; 
was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress. Died at 
New Bedford, June 15, 1870. 

Elkins, Stephen B.; was born in Ohio, Septem- 
ber 26, 1841; removed to Missouri when young; 
graduated at the University of that State in 1860; 
studied law; went to the Territory of New Mexico in 
1863; was a member of the Legislature in 1864 and 
1865; held the offices of District Attorney, Attorney - 
General, and United States District Attorney in the 
Territory; was elected to the Forty -third Congress, 
and re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Del- 
egate from that Territory. 

Ellery, Christopher; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1787; was a Senator in Congress from Rhode 
Island from 1801 to 1805; in the latter year was ap- 
pointed LInited States Commissioner of Loans; was 
appointed Collector of Newport in 1828. Died in 
1840. 

Ellery, 'William ; was born in Newport, Rhode 
Island, December, 22, 1727; graduated at Harvard 
College in 1747; was a lawyer by profession; a Dele- 
gate to the Continental Congress from 1776 to 1780, 
and from 1783 to 1785; was a signer of the Declara- 
tion of Indepen'lence, and also of the Articles of Con- 
federation; in 1786 was appointed Commissioner of 
Loans for Rhode Island; was elected Chief Justice of 
the State; in 1789 was appointed, by President 
Washington, Collector of Newport, which office he 
held until his death, which occurred February 15, 
1820. 

EUicott, Andre'W ; was born in Bucks County, 
Pennsylvania, January 24, 1754; was a Civil Engi- 
neer; founded the town of EUicott's Mills, in Mary- 
land; was a personal friend of Franklin and Wash- 
ington; in 1790 was employed by the General Govern- 
ment to survey and lay out the City of Washington : 
iu 1792 was appointed Surveyor-General of the 
United States; in 1812 became a Professor of Mathe- 
matics at West Point, where he died, August 29, 
1820. 

^llicott, Benjamin; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1817 to 1819. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



l.->7 



Elliot, John; gratluated at Yale College in 1794; 
resided in 8unl)ury, Liberty County, Gt'orgia; was a 
Senator in Congress from that State Crom 1819 to 
1825, serving on several important Committees. Died 
August 9, 1827. 

Elliott, James ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Vermont from 180;? to 1809. Died at Newfane, 
Vermont, November 10, 1839. 

Elliott, James T.; was born in Monroe County, 
Georgia, April 22, 1823; received a common school 
education; studied law, and came to the bar in 1854; 
was chosen President of a railroad company in 1858; 
was elected a Circuit Judge in Arkansas in 186(); es- 
tablished a newspaper at Camden, in that State, in 
1867, called the Snnth Arkansas Journal; was elected 
a Representative from Arkansas to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, for the unexpired term of James Hinds who 
was assassinated. 

Elliott, John M.; was bom in Scott County, Vir- 
ginia, May IG, 1820; was educated in the county 
schools of Kentucky; studied law, and commenced 
to practice in 1843; was elected to the State Legisla- 
ture in 1847; in 1853 was elected a Representative in 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Public Expenditures. 

Elliott, Mortimer F.; was horn at Cherry Flats, 
Tioga County, Pennsylvania, September 24, 1842; 
was reared on a farm ; was educated in the common 
schools and at Alfred University, New York; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 18(J4; com- 
menced practice at Wellsboro, Penn.sylvania; in 1S70 
was an unsuccessful Candidate for President Judge; 
attained eminence in his profession, was a member 
of the State Constitutional Convention of 1873; was 
elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
Forty-eighth Congress. 

Elliott, Robert Brown, of Coliimbia ; was 
born in Boston, Massachusetts, Augu.st 11, 1842; iu 
1853 entered High Holborn Academy, in Loudon, 
England; in 1855 entered Eton College, England, 
and graduated in 1859; studied law, and practiced 
Ins profession ; was a member of the State Constitu- 
tional Convention of South Carolina in 1868; was a 
member of the House of Representatives of South 
Carolina, from 1868 to 1870; in 1869 was appointed 
Assistant Adjutant-General, which position he held 
until elected to the Forty-second Congress; re-elected 
to the Forty-Third Congiess, and served on several 
Committees, but resigned. 

EUis, Caleb ; was born at "Walpole, Massachu- 
setts; graduated at Harvard College in 1793; when 
admitted to the bar he settled at Claremont, New 
Hampshire; was a Representative in Congress, from 
1805 to 1809; was a member of the Council, and in 
1811 elected to the State Senate; in 1812 was one of 
the Electors of President aud Vice-President; in 1813 
^vas Judge of the Supreme Court of New Hampshiie, 
and continued in that ollice until his death, which 
occurred May 9, 1816, aged forty-nine years. 

Ellis, Cheselden ; was born in New York; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State, fi'om 
1843 to 1845. 

Ellis, E. John , was Ixn-n in Covington, St. Tam- 
nniTiv Palish, Louisiana, (Iclober 15, ISll, wa.s par- 
tially educated at Cenlciiaiy College, but graduated 
at the University of Louisiana in 18(il; entered the 
Conl'edirate Army as a private, and liecame Captain 
ot Infantry, serving under (ieueials Johnson, Jfeauie- 
gard, and" Bragg; in 186;! was captured and impris- 
oned at Johnson's Island, Lake Erie; after liisielea.se, 



in 1865, he returned to Louisiana and began practic- 
ing law, which he continued until 1874, whc :i he 
was elected a Representative from Louisiana to the 
Forty-tburth Congress; in December, 1875, was ap- 
pointed Chairman of the Committee on Mi.ssissippi 
Levees; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-si.xth, 
Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Ellis, John "Willis ; was born in Rowan, North 
Carolina, November 23, 1820; gradnatcd at the Uni- 
versity of North Carolina in 1841; studied law; was a 
member of the House of Commons of that State from 
1844 to 1848, then Judge of the Superior Coiu'ts of 
Law and Equity; was Governor of North Carolina 
from 1859 until his death, which occurred in Raleigh, 
in 1861. 

Ellis, Po'wrhatan ; was born in Virginia; remov- 
ing at an early day to Mississippi, there devoting him- 
self to the practice of law; became one of the Judges 
of the Supreme Court of that State; in 1825 was ap- 
pointed to a seat in the United States Senate, but 
was displaced by the Legislature; in 1827, however, 
the Legislature elected him a Senator in Congress, 
where he served until 1833, after which be was ap- 
pointed United States Judge for the District of 
Mississippi; in 1836 was appointed Charge d' Affaires 
to Mexico; in 1839 Minister to that Republic. 

Ellis, Vespasian ; was a citizen of Missomi; in 
1844 was appointed C/iarr/c d' Affaires to Venezuela, 
where he remained until 1845. 

Ellis, 'William C; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1823 to 18"25. 

Ellison, Andre'W; was born in Ireland; emi- 
grated to Ohio ; was elected a Representative La Con- 
gress from 1853 to 1855. 

Ellsberry, 'William 'W. ; was horn at New Hope, 
Brown County, Ohio, December 18, 1833, received a 
good education in the common schools of Brown 
County and at a private aciulemy in Clermont County, 
Ohio; taught school two years; studied medicine 
with his father; graduated from the Cincinnati Col- 
lege of Medicine and Surgery and engaged in prac- 
tice as a physician; some years later attended a full 
course of lectures at the Ohio Medical College and 
received a diploma therefrom; in 1861 Wivsa member 
of the County Military Board of Brown County, set- 
tled at Georgetown, Ohio; was three times chosen 
County Auditor; in 1878, was tendered the oftice of 
Superintendent of the Central Insane Asylum, at 
Columbus, Ohio, but declined it; became a member 
of several medical societies, including the American 
JNledical Association; was a Delegate to the Demo- 
cratic National Convention in 1880; in 1884 was 
e: cted a Representative from Ohio to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Ellsworth, Charles C; was bom at Berkshire, 
Vermont, January 29, 1824; received an ac;idi'mie 
education, studied aud practi<'ed law; removetl to 
Michigan, was appointed Prosecuting Attorney of 
Livingston County in 1850; removed to Montctilin 
County 111 1851, wasa member of the State House of 
Representatives from 1852 to 1851; served two terms 
as Prosecuting Attorney of Montcalm County; was 
appointed a Paymastta- in the army iu 1862 and 
served until the close of the war; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Jlichigan to the Forty-filth Con- 
gress. 

Ellsworth, Henry Leavitt; was bom at 
Windsor, Connecticut, November 10, 1791; graduated 
at Yale College in 1810; studied law at Lilchtield and 
settled at Windsor; after a few years removed to 



158 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS 



Hartford, where he lived about ten years, was then 
appointed Resident Commissioner among the Indian 
tribes in Ai'kansas; w:is United States Commissioner 
oi Patents from 1S36 to 1845; his Reports to Con- 
gress during this period added greatly to the im- 
provement of agriculture; then settled in Lafayette, 
Indiana, where he was a purchaser of United States 
land; in 1857 returned to Connecticut; was the author 
of •' Digest of Patents from 1770 to 18:59." Died at 
Fair Haven, Connecticut, December 27, 1858. 

Ells-worth, Henry W.; was born in Windsor, 
Connecticut, in 1814; graduated at Yale College in 
1834; studied law in New Haven Law School; re- 
moved to Indiana in 1835; was counsel tor S. F. B. 
Morse in some of his suits connected with telegraph 
patents; was appointed dharge d' AtTairua to Sweden 
in 1845. Died at New Haven, in .Yugust, 1804. He 
was the author of "Sketches of the Upper Wabash 
Valley," and a contributor to the Knk'kvrhtickcr 
Magazine. 

Ellsworth, Oliver ; was Ijorn at Windsor. Con- 
necticut. April 29, 1745: graduated at Princeton Col- 
lege, New Jersey, in 1766; studied law, and soon be- 
came eminent in the practice: in 1777 was chosen a 
Delegate in Congress from Connecticut; in 1780 was 
elected to the Council of Connecticut, and was a 
member of that body until 1784, when he was ap- 
pointed a Judge of the Superior Court of that State; 
in 1787 was elected a member of the Convention 
which framed' the Federal Constitution. In an 
assembly illustrious for talents, erudition, and pa- 
triotism, he held a distinguished place. His exer- 
tions essentially aided in the production of an in- 
strument which has been the main pillar of American 
prosperity and glory; was afterwards a member of 
the State Convention of Connecticut, and contributed 
his efforts towards procuring the ratification of the 
Constitution by that State. When the Federal G-ov- 
ernment was organized, in 1789, was a memberof the 
Senate from Connecticut; in 1796 was appointed, by 
President Washington, Chief Justice of the Supreme 
Court of the United States, but resigned the office on 
account of ill-health in 1800; in 1799 was appointed, 
by President Adams, Envoy Extraordinary to France, j 
for the purpose of concluding a treaty with that 
nation: in 1805 was a Presidential Elector. He re- i 
ceived the degree of LL.D. in 1780, from Yale Col- j 
lege, and in 1797 from Dartmouth. Died November j 
26, 1807. I 

Ellsworth, Samuel S.; wa.s born in "Vermont; 
was a member of the New York Assembly in 1840; ] 
was a Representative in Congress from that State . 
from 1845 to 1847. | 

Ells-worth, 'William "W.; was the son of Oliver J 
_ Ellsworth, was liorn in Windsor County, Connect!- | 
cut, November 10, 1791; graduated at Y'ale College ! 
in 1810; adopted the profession of law, and was Pro- i 
fessor of Law in Trinity College: was a Representa- i 
tive in Congress from Connecticut from 1829 to 1833; 
in 1838 was elected Governor of Connecticut, and re- 
elected for four years, was a Judge of the Supreme 
Court of Connecticut for many years. Died at Hart- 
ford. Connecticut, January 15, 1868. 

Ell-wrood, Reuben ; was horn in New York in 
1821; removed to Illinois in 1836, and applied him- 
self to various avocations, at different points in the 
State; received an academic educatioa; finally 
locjited at Sycamore, Illinois, and engaged largely in 
manufacturing; became President of several manu- 
fiicturing companies; was elected a Representative 
, from Illinois to the Forty-eighth Congress. 



Elmendorf, Lucas ; graduated at Princeton 'u- 
1782; was a Representative in Congress from Ncn" 
Y'ork from 1797 to 1803, a member of the Assemble 
of that State in 1804 and 1805; a State Senator from 
1814 to 1817. Died August 17, 1843, aged eighty- 
five years. 

Elmer, Ebenezer; was born in Cedarville, Nevr 
Jersey, in 1752; was educated a physician; was a 
Field Officer of the Revolutionary War, also a Sur- 
geon in the army; was President of the Society of the 
Cincinnati for New Jersey; a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1801 to 1807 served a 
number of years in the State Assembly, and was 
chosen Speaker; was also for a long time Adjutant- 
General of the New Jersey Militia; during the War 
of 1812 commanded the troops on the Delaware; in 
1807 and 1815 was a member and Vice-President of 
the State Council; in 1808 was appointed Collector of 
Bridgeton, and held the office for many years. Died 
at Bridgeton, New Jersey, October 18, 1843. 

Elmer, Jonathan ; was born in Cumberland 
County, New Jersey, in 1745; was a prominent phy- 
sician, and practiced in his native county: having 
graduated with honors at the University of Pennsyl- 
vania; was a member of the Continental Congress; a 
Senator in Congress under the Federal Constitution 
from New Jersey from 1789 to 1791 ; was one of those 
who voted for locating the Seat of Government on the 
Potomac; during the War of the Revolution was a 
Sherift", a Surrogate, and a Judge; was a man of 
learning, and a member of the Philosophical Society 
of America. Died in 1817. 

Elmer, Lucius Q. C; was born in Bridgeton, New 
Jersey, in 1793; graduated at Princeton College in 
1824; was educ;ited a lawyer, which profession he 
practiced in his native town; for many years was 
Pro.secutor for the .State; was in the Assembly from 
18-20 to 1823, the last year being Speaker of that body; 
in 1824 was appointed Attorney of the United States 
for New Jersey, which office he filled until 1829; was 
a Representative in Congress from New Jersey from 
1843 to 1845; in 1850 was appointed Attorney-Gen- 
eral of the State; in 1852 was appointed one of the 
Justices of the Supreme Court of his State, which 
office he continued to hold until 1859. 

Elmer, Richard A.; was born in Orange County, 
New York, June 16. 1843; received a classical educa- 
tion, graduating from Hamilton College in 1864 ; 
studied law, and was admitted to practice in 1868; 
his professional practice was limited, owing to other 
duties, circumstances having compelled him to as- 
sume the management of the First National Bank of 
Waverly, New York, in which he continued until 
May. 1881, when he was ajipointed, by President 
Garfield. Second .Assistant Postmaster-General. 

Elmore, Franklin Harper; was born in Laiv 

reus District, South Carolina, in 1799; entered South. 
Carolina College in November, 1817, .md graduated 
in 1819; was a lawyer by profession, and was admit- 
ted to the bar in 1821; was a Colonel of Militia, and 
al.so a Trustee of the South Carolina College, in 1822 
was elected Solicitor of the Southern Circuit, and was 
continued in this office, by re-eleetions, until 1837, 
when he was elected to the House of Representatives 
in Congress, and served until 1839; was in that year 
elected President of the Bank of the State of South 
Carolina, which office he held till his appointment to 
the United States Senate, in .-Vpril, 18,50, to fill the 
vacancy occasioned by the death of John C. Calhoun; 
his voice was heard bnt once in the Senate, and then 
in answering to his name when called by the Secre- 
tary. . Died in Washington, District of Columbia, 
May 29, 1850. 



>.^^ 



^ 



', (%-VS-. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



159 



Elmore, Rush ; was bom in Alabama; settled in 
Kansas; was appointed an Associate Justice of the 
United .States Court for tliat Territoiy, residing at 
Lecompton. 

Ely, Alfred ; nvas born in Lyme, New London 
County, Connecticut, February 18, lnl.5; removed to 
Rochester, New York, in ISIJ,'); studied law and was 
admitted to the bar in 1811, where he practiced his 
profession; in 1840, while a student .at law, was ap- 
pointed Clerk of the Recorder's Court of Rochester; 
in 18ri8 w.as elected a Re])resentative from New 
York to the Thirty-sixth Congress; was re-elected, 
and wliile in the Thirtj'-seventh Congress serred as 
Chriirnian of the Committee on Invalid Pensions; in 
July, 1861, w.is a witness of the battle of Bull Run, 
where he was captured and taken as a prisoner of 
war to Richmond; after a continement of more than 
live months was exchanged in December, 1861, for 
the H(m. Charles J. Faulkner, the American Minis- 
ter to France, who had been imprisoned for disloy- 
alty; after his return home, Mr. Ely published a 
book with the title, "Journal of Alfred Ely, a 
Prisoner of AV.ar in Richmond," edited by the author 
of this volume. 

Ely, Frederick David; wa,s born at Wrent- 
ham, Norfolk County, Massachusetts, September 24, 
1838; received his early eilucation at Day's Acad- 
emy, Wrentham, Massachusetts, and graduated from 
Brown LTniversitj", Providence, Rhode Island, in 
18.">9: studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1862 
and entered upon the practice of law at Dedham, 
Massachusetts; w.is a Tri.il Justice from 1667 to 
1885 ; was a Representative in the Massachusetts 
Legislature in 1873; was a State Senator in 1878 and 
1879; was a member of the School Committee of 
Dedham, Massachusetts, from 1882 to 188.'); in 1884 
was elected a Representative from Massachusetts to 
the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Ely, John ; was born in Connecticut; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from New York from 1839 to 
1841. having previously served two years in the As- 
sembly of that State. 

Ely, Smith, Jr.; was born in New Jersey in 
1825, his grandfather having served with honor in 
the Revolution; after receiving a good education, 
studied law and came to the bar iu 1840, but did not 
practice the profession; devoted himself for many 
ye.ars to mercantile pursuits; in 1856 was elected a 
School Trustee; in 18.57 to the State Senate; was 
County Supervisor from 1866 to 1870; was elected a 
Representative from New York to the Forty-second 
Congress, serving on various committees; in 1872 was 
elected a Commi.s.sioner of I'ublic Instruction, and in 
1874 was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress; in 
December, 1875, was appointed Chairman of the 
Committee on Expenditures in the Treasury Depart- 
ment. Died July 28, 1884. 

.Ely, William ; graduated at Yale College in 
1787; was a Representative in Congress from Jlassa- 
chusetts from 18(J5 to 1815. Died in 1817. 

Embree, Elisha; was born in Lincoln Count.v, 
Kentucky, September 28, 1801; in 1811 remo\cd, 
with his father, to the .southwestern portion of In- 
diana Territory, where he long continued to reside; 
received a common school edu<tation, after which he 
studied and practiced law; in 1813 was elected to the 
State Senate of Indiana; in 1835 wa.s chosen, by the 
Legislature, Cirt'uit .ludge, which oflicc he held for 
ten years; in 1847 was electeil Representative in the 
Thirtieth Congress from Indiana, and after the expi- 
ration of that term engaged iu agricultural pursuits. 
i>led at Princeton, New Jersey, March 7, 18G3. 



Emerson, Philip H.; was born in Yermont; re- 
moved to Michigan; in 1873 was appointed one of 
the As.sociate Justices of the Supreme Court for the 
Territory of Idaho. 

Emery, George W.; was a citizen of Tennessee; 
in 1875 was ap|)ointed Governor of Utah, serving 
until March 1, 1880. 

Emmanuel, David; was acting Governor ot 
Georgia in 1801. 

Emmons, H. H.; was born in New York; after 
actpiiring a good education at the common .schools, 
became an assistant in the office of his father, who 
was the editor of a paper; he studied law and was 
admitted to the bar of that State; soon afterwards 
settledin Detroit, where his father had already located 
himself as a lawyer, and with whom he became asso- 
ciated in the practice of his profession about the year 
1840; in 1843 his lather died; acquired distinction 
during a period of commotion in Detroit by defending 
the rif//it of an American Protestant clergyman to 
preach against Catholicism, Irish repeal, tempcsrance, 
or secret societies, or whatever he conscientiously be- 
lieved to be injurious to the welfare — temporal or 
eternal — of his fellow-citizens; in 185:5 his health 
became .somewhat impaired by ap])lication to busi- 
ness, and he partially retired from active ])rofessional 
life, although his services were in frequent demand 
by the railroad companies of the State, whose busi- 
ness he had made a specialty; early in 1870 was ap- 
pointed Circuit Judge for the State of Michigan, but 
exercised a much wider jurisdiction. 

Emott, James ; was born in Albany, New Y'ork, 
in 1770; did not receive a collegiate education, but 
in 1800 Union College conferred on him the degree of 
A.M.; was a distinguished member of the bar; uudev 
the old Constitution of New York, for several years, 
tilled the office of First Judge of the Court of Common 
Pleas for his county, and in that capacity gave that 
court a rank among the best of the State; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from his native State from 
1809 to 1813; under the Con.stitution of 1821 was ap- 
pointed Judge for the Second District, which station 
he tilled until he reached the age of sixty years, 
which rccjuired him to retire. Died in Poughkeei)- 
sie, April 7, 18,-)0. 

Emrie, J. Reece; was born in Ohio; elected a 
Representative from that State to the Thirty-fourth 
Congress. 

Endicott, William C; was born at S.alem, 
Ma.ssachusctts, November 19, 1826; received a classi- 
cal educatioti, graduating from Harvard University 
in 1847; studied law; was admitted to the bar in the 
County of Essex, Mius.sachusetts, in December, 1851, 
and was engaged in practice until 1873; during fhat 
time was several times the Democratic candidate fo;- 
the office of Attorney-General, and once for mcnj. 
of Congress, but was each time defeated; in Marcii, 
1873, was appointed .Associate .lust ice of the Supreme 
.ludicial Court of Massachusetts, which office he held 
until N'ovcmber, 1882, when he resigned; alter an 
absence of a year and a half iu Europe, returned to 
the practice of law in Mass.ichusetts; was the Demo- 
cratic candidate for Governor of that State in 1884, 
and was defeated; in March, 1885, w;ls appointed 
Secretary of \Var in the Cabinet of President Cleve- 
land. 

English James E.; was born in New Haven, 
Connecticut, in JIarch, 1812; received a common 
school education; was bred a carpenter and became a 
master builder, and a dealer in lumber; entered into 



IGO 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



mercantile pursuits, in which he continued until 
1855, when he became extensively engaged in several 
branches of manufacture; in 1855 was a member of 
the Leirislature of Connecticut; in 1856 was elected 
to the State Senate, and declined a re-election ; was 
a candidate for Lieutenant-Governor of Connecticut 
in ISliO, but was defeated; was elected a Representa- 
tive from bis native State to the Thirty -seventh Con- 
gress, and re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on the Public Lands and 
Expenditures in the State Department; was also a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia " National Union Con- 
vention " of 1866; was elected Governor of Connecti- 
cut in 1867, 1868, and 1870; subsequently traveled 
extensively; in Kovember, 1875, was appointed a 
Senator in Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the 
death of O. S. Ferry. 

English, William E.; was born at Lexington, 
Scott County, Indiana, November 3, 1851; removed 
to Indianapolis at an early age; graduated at the 
Northwestern University, and was admitted to the 
practice of the law in 1872; soon retired from active 
practice; from 1875 to 1886 was a member of the 
Democratic Executive Committee of his county, 
serving as its chairman during two important cam- 
paigns; was a member of the State House of Repre- 
sentatives in 1878; was the Democratic candidate 
for Representative in the Forty-eighth Congress in 
November, 1882, but the certificate of election hav- 
ing been given to his Republican competitor, Stan- 
ton J. Peele; after a contest, the seat was awarded 
to Mr. English. 

English, ■Williani H.; was born in Scott County, 
Indiiina, August 27, 1822; received a good common 
scliool education, and spent three years at the Uni- 
versity of South Hanover; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to practice in 1846; in 1843 was elected Clerk 
of the House of Representatives of Indiana; during 
President Polk's administration was a Clerk in the 
Treasury Department; was the Clerk of the State 
Constitutional Convention in 1850; in 1851 was 
elected to the State Legislature, and officiated as 
Speaker; in 1852 was elected a Representative in 
Congress from Indiana; re-elected in 1854, and made 
a Regent of the Smithsonian Institution; re-elected 
in 16o6, and during the first session of the Thirty- 
fifth Congress took part in the Kansas Compromise 
measure; was Chairman of the Committee on Post 
Oftices and Post Roads; Was re-elected totheThu-ty- 
sixth Congress, serving on the same committee. 

Eppes, John W.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1803 to 1811, and again 
from 1813 to 1815; was a Senator in Congress ii-om 
1817 to 1819, when he resigned because of ill health. 
Died near Richmond, Virginia, September, 1823, aged 
fifty years. 

Erdman, Jacob ; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1845 to 1847. Died in Lehigh County, Julv 20, 
1867. 

Ermentrout, Daniel ; was born at Reading, 
Pennsylvania, January 24, 1837; received a collegi- 
ate education; studied law, and was admitted to 
practice in 1859; was elected District Attorney in 
1862, and served three years; was City Solicitor from 
1867 to 1870; was a State Senator from 1873 to 1880; 
was for many years a member of the Board of School 
Control of Reading; was fi-equently a Delegate to 
Democratic State Conventions; was a Delegate to the 
Democratic National Convention of 1880; was elected 
a Reiiresentative from Pennsylvania to the Forty- 
seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses. 



Errett, Russell ; was born in New York in 1817; 
was self-educated; removed to Pennsylvania in 1829; 
adopted the profession of an editor; was Comptroller 
of Pittsburg. Pennsylvania, in 1860; Clerk of the 
State Senate in 1860 and 1861; served in the Union 
Army, as Additional Paymaster, from 1861 to 1866; 
was a State Senator in 1867; was Assessor of Internal 
Revenue from 1869 to 1873; again Clerk of the State 
Senate from 1872 to 1876; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Pennsylvania to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth 
and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

ErsMne, John; was born in Ireland; resided at 
Atlanta, Georgia; in 1866 was appointed United 
States Judge for the District of Georgia. 

Ervin, James ; was born in South Carolina in 
October, 1778; graduated at Brown University in 
1797; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1800; served in the State Legislature in 1801 and 
1802, and from 1804 to 1816; was a Solicitor of the 
Northern Circuit; was, for eight years, a Trustee of 
+he South Carolina College; was a Representative in 
Congress tiom South Carolina from 1817 to 1821. 
Died in 1841. 

Erving, George "W.; was born in Boston, Mas- 
sachusetts in 1771; went, with his father's family to 
England in 1776; was educated at Oxlbrd, England, 
and, returning to his native country, was made Con- 
sul to London by Jeflerson ; was Secretary of Lega- 
tion to Spain in 1804; Special Jlinister to Denmark in 
1811; Minister to Spain in 1814. Died in New York, 
July, 1850. 

Er-win, David ; was an early emigrant to Michi- 
gan ; in 1832 was appointed Judge for the Territory 
of Michigan. 

Eskridge, Thomas P.; was an early emigi-ant 
to Arkansas; was a man of good education and a law- 
yer; was appointed United States Judge for the Ter- 
ritory, serving in that capacity as late as 1831. 

Estil, Benjamin ; was born in Washington Coun- 
ty, Virginia; was a Representative in Congress from 
Virginia from 1825 to 1827. 

Esty, Constantine C; was born in Framing- 
ham, JIassachusetts, December 26, 1824; graduated 
at Yale College in 1845; was admitted to tlie bar in 
1847; was a member of the State Senate in 1857 and 
1858, and of the House in 1867; was appointed As- 
sessor of Internal Revenue in 1862, and removed in 
1866; re-appointed in 1867, and resigned in 1872; 
was appointed a member of the State lioard of Edu- 
cation in 1871 ; was elected to the Forty-second Con- 
gress, as a Representative from Massachusetts. 

Etheridge, Emerson; was born in Currituck, 
North Carolina, September 28, 1819; when thirte n 
years of age removed to Tennessee, where he re- 
ceived a common school education; studied law; was 
admitted to the bar in 1840; in 1845 was elected to 
the State Legislature for two years, and was at once 
nominated for Speaker, but was defeated by two 
votes; in 1853 was elected a Representative from 
Tennessee to the Thirty-third Congress; re-elected to 
tlie Thirty-fourth Congress; also elected to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving during his last term 
as Chairman of the Committee on Indian Aliairs; on 
the meeting of the Thirty-seventh Congress was 
elected clerk of the House of Representatives; .subse- 
quently devoted much of his time to the study of 
philosophy, as well as to the practice of his pro- 
fession. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALrt. 



IGl 



Eustis, G-eorge, Jr.; was born in Louisiana; 
was educated at JIarvard University; practia^d law 
in New Orleans; was elected a Rei)resentative to tlie 
Tliirty-lburth and Thirty-tilth Coiijjresses, serving on 
the Committee on Comniercfj; diirin<r the Rebellion 
served as Private Secretary to John SL Mason, when 
Confederate Commissioner to Prance. Died in 
Europe. His father, bearing the same name, was an 
eminent judge in Louisiana. 

Eustis, James B.; was born in New Orleans, 
August 27, 1831; received a classical education; 
studied and practiced law; served in the Confederate 
Army throughout the. War of the Rebellion; was 
elected a Representative in the Legislature prior to 
the passage of the reconstruction acts; w.as one of 
the Committee to confer with President Johnson on 
Louisiana aftairs; was a Representative in the State 
Legislature in 1872; was elected to the State Senate 
for tour yeai'S in 1874; was elected to the United 
States Senate to fill a vacancy, and served from De- 
cember, 1877, to March, 1879; in 1885 was elected 
United States Senator from Louisiana for the full 
term of six years. 

Eustis, ■William ; was born in Cambridge, 
Massachusetts, June 10, 1753; after graduating at 
Plarvard College, in 1782, studied medicine with Dr. 
Joseph Warren; at the beginning of the war was ap- 
pointed Surgeon of a regiment, and afterwards Hos- 
pital Surgeon; in 1777, and during most of the war, 
lie occupied, as a hospital, the spacious house of 
Colonel Robinson, a roj'alist, opposite West Point; 
Arnold bad his heaihiuarters in the same house; at 
the termination of the war commenced the practice 
of his profession in Boston; in ISOO was elected a 
Representative in Congress from Massachusetts, 
serving until 1805; in 1809 was appointed Secretary 
of War by President Madison, and continued in 
oflice until 1813, when, on account of the surrender 
of Hull, he resigned; in 1815 was sent as Ambas.sa- 
dor to Holland; after his retui'n was a Representative 
in Congi-e.ss from 1820 to 1823; was chosen Cxoveruor 
of Ma.ssacbusetts in 1823, and died in Boston, after a 
short illness, February 6, 1825. 

Evans, Alexander ; was born in Elkton, Cecil 
County, Maryland, liis ancestors having settled in 
that county more than a hundred years ago; his edu- 
cation was received at a village school until fifteen 
years of age, and his first avocation was that of a 
civil engineer; in 1812 commenced the study of law 
in his native town, and was admitted to the bar in 
1845; was a Representative in Congress from Mary- 
land, from 1847 to 1853; in 1842 was elected Corre- 
sponding Member of the National Institute at Wash- 
ington, and in 1849 received the degree o.' A.M. fiom 
Delaware College; in 1851 was elected a member of 
the American Association for the Advancement of 
Science, and also a member of the Historical Society 
of Baltimore. 

Evans, David E.; wa-s elected a Representative 
from New York to the Twentieth Congress, but re- 
signed, and P. L. Tracy was elected in his place. 

Evans, David R.; was born in Westmoreland, 
England, February 20, 1709; removed to South Car- 
olina; was educated at Mount Zion College; studied 
law, and came to the bar in 1796; served in the State 
Legislature from 1800 to 1803; from 1804 to 1811 
was Solicitor for the Middle District of South Caro- 
lina; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State, firom 1813 to 1815; in 1818 and 1822 w;ls a 
member of the State Senate; was for many years the 
President of a Bible Society, and also of Mount Zion 
Society. Died March 8, 1843. 
11 



Evans, George ; was born in Hallowell, Jtaine, 
.lannary 12, 1797; graduated at Bowdoin College, 
September 3, 1815; was a lawyer by profession; was 
Siieakcr of the House of Representatives of Maine in 
1829; a Representative in Congress from 1829 to 
1841 ; United Staters Senator from Maine from 1841 to 
1847; from 1849 to 1850 was a Commissioner of the 
Board of Claims against Mexico; Attorney-General 
of Maine in 1853, 18.54, and 1856; died in Portland, 
April 6, 1867. During his service in the Senate he 
served with ability as Chairman of the Committee on 
Commerce. 

Evans, I. Ne'wton ; was born in Chester County, 
Pennsylvania, .July 29, 1827; received an acailemic 
education; studied medicine; graduated at Bowdoin 
College in 1851, and at the Jefferson Medical College, 
of Pliil.adelphia, in 1852; commenced practice at 
Jobnsville, Pennsylvania, and subsequently removed 
to Hatboro, Pennsylvania; was elected a member of 
the Pennsylvania State Medical Society, and of the 
American Medical Association; also President of the 
Hatboro National Bank; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Pennsylvania to the Forty-fifth Congress; 
was also elected to the Forty-eighth Congress; was 
re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Evans, James Lafayette ; was born in Harri- 
son County, Kentucky, in 1825; emigrated to Indiana 
in 1837, and settled in Hancock County; recei\eil his 
education from a private tutor; began business as a 
merchant, engaging also in farming; was never an 
apjjlicant for any office, but was elected a Represent- 
ative from Indiana in the Forty-fourth Congress; re- 
elected to the Forty -fifth Congress. 

Evans, John ; was a Delegate to the Continental 

Congress from Delaware, from 1776 to 1777. 

Evans, Joshua ; was a Representative in Con- 
gi-ess from Pennsylvania, from 1829 to 1833. 

Evans, Josiah J.; was born in the District of 
Marlborough, South Carolina, November 27, 17S(); 
was for a time a merchant's clerk ; graduated at South 
Carolina College in 1808; taught school for one year; 
studied law, and rose to a high legal position; at an 
early age, in 1812, 181,3, and 1816, was elected to the 
Legislature ; by that body was made Solicitor for the 
State from his District, which position he held for 
thirteen years; in 1830 was chosen a Judge of the 
Supreme Court, which office he held until 1852, when 
he was elected to the United States Senate lor the 
terra ending in 1859; was Chairman of the Commit- 
tees on Revolutionary Claims and on Contingent Ex- 
penses of the Senate, and also a member of the Com- 
mittees on Patents and on Naval Atfairs. Died May 
6, 1858, of disea,se of the heart, having, only an hour 
before his death, partaken of the hospitalities at din- 
ner of his friend and colleague, Senator Hammond. 

Evans, Lemuel D.; was horn in Tennessee; was 
elected a Representative from Te.\as to the Thirty- 
fourth Congress. 

Evans, Nathan; was born in Belmont County, 
Ohio, June 24, 1804; received a common school edu- 
cation, and studied law, being admitted to practice 
in 1831; was Prosecuting Attorney for Guernsey 
County lor four years; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Ohio from 1847 to 1849. 

Evans, Thomas ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress iTom Virginia from 1797 to 1801. 

Evans, Walter; was born in Rowan County, 
Kentneky, September 18, 1342; received a common 
school education; studied law; entered the Union 



162 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Army in 1861 and served throughout the Civil War; 
after tlie close of the war engaged in the practice of 
law at Hopkinsville, Kentucky, and was very suc- 
cesstiil; was an unsuccessful candidate for Repre- 
sentative in the State Legislature in 1867; was a 
Delegate to the Republican National Conventions of 
1868, 1872, and 1880; in 1871 was elected a Repre- 
sentative in the State Legislature; in 1872 was 
elected a State Senator; removed to Louisville, and, 
in 1875, was an unsuccessful candidate for Congress; 
in 1879 was unsuccessful as the candidate of his party 
for Governor of the State; in May, 1883, was ap- 
pointed Commissioner of Internal Revenue in the 
Treasury Department at Washington. 

Evarts, ■William M.; was born in Boston, Mas- 
saclmsetts, in February, 1818; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1837; studied law at Cambridge, and came to 
the bar in New York City in 1840; attained a high 
position as a lawyer; was the leading counsel em- 
ployed to defend President Johnson in his trial be- 
fore the Senate; wa.s Attorney-General of the United 
States from July, 1868, to March, 1869, when he re- 
signed; was one of the three lawyers appointed to 
defend the interests of the United States before the 
Tribunal of Arbitration at Geneva, in 1871, to settle 
the "Al.abama Claims; " was one of the coun^l who 
del'ended Henry AVard Beecher in 1875; in 1857 he 
received tlie degree of Doctor of Laws from Union 
College; in November, 1875, was invited, bj' the Cen- 
tennial Commission, to deliver the opening oration at 
the Exposition in 1876, the kindred honor, for recit- 
ing a poem on that occasion, having been conferred 
upon Henry W. Longfellow; was Secretary of State 
under President Hayes from March 12, 1877, to March 
5, 1881 ; resumed tlie practice of his profession ; in 1885 
.was elected United States Senator from New York 
for six years from March 4, 1885. 

Eve, Joseph; was a citizen of Kentucky; in 
1841 was appointed Charge d' Affaires to Texas, where 
he remained until 1843. 

Eveleigh, Nicholas ; was a Delegate from South 
Carolina to the Continental Congress from 1781 to 
1782. 

Everett, Alexander Hill ; was born March 19, 
1790; graduated at Harvard University in 1806; was 
an usher in Phillijis' Exeter Academy; began to 
study law in Boston in 1807; w.as .a member of the 
literary club that founded the ' ' Monthly Anthology ;' ' 
in 1809 accompanied ,1. Q. Adams to St. Petersburg, 
as iiltaclir to the Legation, of which he became Secre- 
tary in 1815; visited England in 1811; after a trip to 
Paris, returned home in 1812, and wrote some politi- 
cal essays in favor of the war and against the Hart- 
ford Convention; became Charqe d' Atf'airr.i at Brussels 
in 1818: from 1825 to 1829 was Minister; in 1829 was 
editor and principal proprietor of the Korih American 
Review, to which he liad long been a contributor; in- 
vited Irving to Madrid, made him an utfaclie to his 
Legation, and encouraged liim in tlie preparation of 
his Spanish histories; also aided Mr. Prescott in sim- 
ilar pursuits; from 1830 to 1835 was a member of the 
State Legislature, taking an active part as a Demo- 
cratic politician; in 1840 was sent on a confidential 
mission to Cuba; from 1845 until his death was Com- 
missioner to China; he was .skilled in tlie languages 
and literature of modern Europe, as well as jihiloso- 
phy, diplomacy, and the law of nations; he puhlished 
"Europe" in 1821, ''America" iu 1827, "Nt-w 
Views on Population " in 1822, a volume of Essays 
in 1845; also a small volume of poems and other 
minor publications; he received the degree of LL.D. 
■from the University of Vermont in 1826. Died in 
Canton, China, June 29, 1847. 



Everett, Edward ; was born in Dorchest«r, Mas- 
sachusetts, April, 1794; received his early education 
at Boston, and entered Harvard College when little 
more than thirteen years old, leaving it with first 
honors four years later, undecided as to a pursuit for 
life; ti rne 1 "his attention for two years to the profes- 
sion of divinity; in 1814 was in\ited to accept the 
new Professorship of Greek Literature at Cambridge, 
Massachusetts, with permission to visit Europe; ac- 
cepted the office, and before entering on its duties, 
embarked at Boston for Liverpool; passed more than 
two years at the famous University of Gottingen, en- 
gaged in the study of the German language and the 
branches of learning connected with his department; 
passed the winter of 1817-18 at Paris; the next spring 
again visited London, and passed a few weeks at 
Cambridge and Oxford; in the autumn of 1818 re- 
turned to the continent, and divided the winter be- 
tween Florence, Rome, and Naples; in the spring of 
1819 made a short tour in Greece; came homeinl819, 
and entered at once upon the duties of his professorship; 
soon after his return he became the editor of the 
North American Bei'iew, a journal which, though sui)- 
ported by writers of great ability, had acquired only 
a limited circulation ; under its new editor the demand 
increased .so rapidly that a second and sometimes a 
third edition of its numbers was required; in 1824 
delivered the annual oration before the Phi-Beta- 
Kappa Society, at Cambridge, Massachusetts; this 
was the first of a series of orations and addresses de- 
li \'ered by him on public occasions of almost every 
kind during a quarter of a century, and alterwards 
collected in several volumes; up to 1824 he had taken 
no active interest in politics, but the constituency of 
Middlesex, Massachusetts, without any solicitation 
on his part, returned him to Congress; for ten years 
he sat in Congress, and was a working member; iu 
1835 retired from Congress, and was, lor four suc- 
cessive 3'ears, chosen Governor of Massachusetts; in 
1841 was appointed to represent the United States at 
the Court of St. James; although the Secretaryship 
of State at 'Washington was held by four different 
statesmen, of various politics, during his mission, he 
enjoyed the confidence and approbation of all; hia 
scholarship was recognized by the bestowal of tlie 
degree of D. C. L. by the Universities of Oxford and 
Cambridge; returned to America in 1845, and was 
chosen President of Harvard College, which office he 
resigned in 1849; on the death of Mr. Webster was 
appointed Secretary of State, by President Fillmore, 
which office he resigned for a seat in the Senate, 
serving fi-om March, 1853, to May, 1854; this posi- 
tion he also resigned, after which time, although 
leading the quiet life of a scholar, he greatly added 
to his reputation by delivering orations on the Life of 
Washington, and on other topics, all being for chari- 
table purposes; he was the intimate friend of Daniel 
Webster, and wrote the best life extant of that dis- 
tinguished man, whose collected writings he edited; 
in i860 was nominated by the Union party as their 
candidate for the office of Vice-President of the United 
States, but was defeated. Died in Boston, January 
15, 1865. His last public position was that of Presi- 
dential Elector in 1864. 

Everett, Horace; was a native of Vermont; was 
born in 1780; was a lawyer by profession; settled in 
Windsor, and distinguished himself as one of the 
most successful jury advocates in Vermont ; was 
State's Attorney for Windsor County from 1813 to 
1817; served in the State Legislature in 1819, 1820, 
1822, 1823, 1824, and 1834; was a prominent mem- 
ber of the State Constitutional Con\ention of 1828; 
was a Representative in Congress from 1829 to 1843; 
the title of Doctor of Laws was conferred upon him. 
Died at Windsor, Vermont, January 30, 1851. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



1(53 



Everhart, James Bowen ; was born in Ches- 
ter County, Pennsyhaiiia; received Iiis early educa- 
tion at Bolmar's Academy, at West Chester, and 
graduated from Princeton College in 1842; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar; commenced prac- 
• tice m West Chester; three years later went to Eu- 
^ rope, and, alter several months' study at the Univers- 
ity oi Berlin, traveled extensively; in 1876 was 
elected a Stat« Senator, and was re-elected in 1880- 
was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to 
t|ie Forty-eightli Congress; was re-elected to the 

(jtorty-ninth Congress. 
Everhai-tt, "William; was born in Pennsvl- 
vania; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State Irom 1853 to 185.5; the circumstance is related 
of this gentleman, that it was his misfortune, many 
years ago, to be wrecked on the coast of Ireland, 
. where he and five other survivors were treated with 
\ great kindness, and that during the famine in Ireland 
a Jew J ears ago, he, at his own expense, loaded a ship 
^^•lth provisions and sent her to Ireland, by way of 
expressing his gratitude. 

Evins, John H.; warn born in Spartanburg Conn- 
: V. South Carolina, July 18, 1830; graduated at 
^■■nth Carolina College in 1853; studied law; was 
I'lmitted to practice in 1856; served in the Confed- 
' iateArmy during the war of the Rebellion, risin<^ to 
I lie rank ot Lieutenant-Colonel; served as a memlier 
ol the State House of Representatives for two terms- 
«as elected a Representative fi-om South Carolina to 
tlie Forty-fltth, Forty-sixth, Forty-se\enth, and 
J nrty-eighth Congresses. 

L Ewbank, Thomas ; was born at Barnard Castle 
Durham, England, March 11, 1792; at the age of thir- 
tcon was apprenticed to a tin and copper smith- emi- 
uiated to New York in 1819, and commenced the 
luaimfactuie of metallic tubing there; retired from 
tlie business in 1836 to engage in literary and scien- 
tihc pursuits; published, in 1840; " Descriptive and 
Historical Account of Hydraulic and other Ma- 
chines;" in 1845 visited Brazil, and published "Life 
111 Brazil;" was Commissioner of Patents from 1849 
t.. 1S52; published "The World a Workshop" in 
l~.)o; "Thoughts on Matter and Force," in 18.58- 
■Reminiscences in the Patent Office " in 185!)- con- 
tributed to the "Transactions of the Franklin Insti- 
tute;" his " Experiments on Marine Propulsion or 
the Virtue of Form in Propelling Blades," was re- 
printed in Europe; was a member of the Commission 
to report upon the strength of the marbles u.scd in the 
I ' apito) Extension, and discovered the method of 
. greatly increasing the resisting power of buildin- 
stones; was the founder of the Ethnological Society 
Died m New York, September 16, 1870. 

E-wmg, Andrew ; was born in Tennessee; was a 
Representative in Congress from 1849 to 1851; took 
part in the Rebellion. j 

Ewing-, Charles; was born in Burlington Coun- 
ty, New Jersey, July 8, 1780; graduated at the New 
Jei-sey t;ollegu in 1798; was admitted to the bar in 
1802, and practiced law affrenton; became a Coun- 
cilor in 1812; was Chief .histiccof tlieState from 18"4 
to his death, which occurred at Trenton, New Jersey 
August 5, 1832; received the degree of LL.D. from 
JeHerson College. 



E-wing-, John ; was born at .sea, while his parents 
were on their way from Ireland to Baltimore; was 
bred to mercantile pursuits, but a(-(iuircd a taste for 
literature; served in both branches of the Legislature 
ot Indiana; was a Representative of that State in 
?S^F'^l^''"'^ ^■-•''^ **> ^S'^S, and again from 1837 to 
1839._ Died suddenly and alone, at Vincennes in 
the winter of 1857, leaving on his table these lines: 
"Here lies a man who loved Ms friemis. 
Jlis Uod, his oouatry, and Vinceunos." 

E-wing-, John H.; was born in Pennsylvania 
was a Representative in Congress from that St-ite 
from 1845 to 1847. 

E-wing-, Presley; was born in Kentucky; liber- 
ally educated; twice served in the Legislature of 
Kentucky; i\-as a Representative from that State to 
the Thirty-third Congress. Died at the iVammotU 
Cave, September 27, 1854. 

E-wing, Thomas ; was bom near West Liberty 
Ohio County, Virginia, December 28, 1789; received 
his early education chiefly from an elder sister; with 
his lather's family, settled in the wilds of Ohio 
about 1792, where he enjoyed the advantages of a 
winter school and an academy; his life, during his 
youth and early manhood, was one of continuous 
toil; in 1814 was a school-teacher; in 1815 received 
the degree of A. B. from the Athens Acad<-my the 
hist ever granted in Ohio; studed law and wks ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1816, practicing with success iu 
the courts ol Ohio and the Supreme Court of the 
United States; in 1830 was elected to a seat in the 
United States Senate from Ohio, where he remained 
until 1837; was a member of President Harrison's 
Cabinet as Secretary of the Treasury in 1841- on the 
accession of President Taylor to the Presidency in 
1849, was invited into the Cabinet, and took charge 
ol the new Department of the Interior; in 1850 was 
appointed to a seat in the United States Senate 
where he remained until 1851, when he retired froni 
political life and resumed the practice of his profes- 
sion in Ohio; was a Delegate to the "Peace Con- 
gress" of 1861; also chosen a Delegate to the Phila- 
delphia "National Union Convention" in 1866, but 
did not take part in its proceedings; left two 'sons 
who have been distinguished in public affairs Died 
iu Lancaster, Ohio, October 26, 1871. 



E-wing, Ed-win H.; was born in Tennessee; was 
a Kepresentative in Congress from Tennessee from 
1840 to 1847; took part iu the Rebellion. 

Ewing, Hugh ; was a citizen of Kansas; in 1866 
was appointed Minister Resident to tlie Netherlands 
returning to the United States in 1870 



Ewmg, Thomas, Jr.; was born in Lancaster 
Ohio, August 7, 1329: Wiis educated at Brown Uni- 
versity and at the Cincinnati Law School; was ap- 
pointed the Private Secretary of President Taylor in 
1.S49; removed to Kansas in 1856; was appointed 
Chiet Justice of the United States Court for th-it 
Territory; was a member of the Constitutional Con- 
vention ot the new State; in 1862 entered the Union 
Army as a Colonel, and after participating in scvei-il 
campaigns aud battles was promoted to the ran); of 
Major-Geueral in 1864; after the Rebellion settled in 
Washington, where he practiced law; returnin<' to 
Ohio, was a member of the State Constitutional 
Convention of 1873; was elected a Representative 
li-om Ohio to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Con- 
gresses. 

Ewing, William, L. D.; was a Senator in Con- 
gress trom Illinois, by appointment, from 18:!6 to 
^^'■^j'- J^}f^ *I-"<='i '-2-'', 1816, aged liftv-one ycare, 
while holding the oftice of States Auditor. 

Eyster, C. S.; was born in Pennsvlvania- was 
appointed li-om that State an Associate .Justice of the 
United States Court tor the Territory of Colorado 
residing in Denver. ' 



164 



BlUCiKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Fair, Elisha Y.; was a citizen of Alabama, and 
I in lS58'was aiipointed Minister Resident to Belgium, 
remaining in that position until 1861. 

Fair, James Graham ; was born near Belfast, 
Ireland, December 3, 18:!! ; emigrated, with his par- 
ents, to the United States in 1843, and settled in 
Illinois; received a good education; in 1849 removed 
to California and engaged in mining; in 18G0 removed 
to Nevada and became interested in valuable .silver 
mines; was elected a Senator of the United States 
from Nevada for the term of six years from March 4, 
1881. 

Fairbanks, Erastus ; was liorn at Brimfield, 
Massachusetts, October 28, 179'i: received a common 
school education; taught school in St. Johnsbury, 
Vermont; engaged in business, and in 1825 formed 
a partnership with his younger brother for the manu- 
facture of platform scales. The enterprise proved 
successful, and gained a world-wide reputation; was 
a member of the Legislature from 183Gto 1838; Pre,s- 
ident of the Passumpsic and Connecticut River Rail- 
road Company in 1849; Governor of Vermont in 18.52 
and 1833, and again in 1860 and 1861. Died at St. 
Johnsbury, November 20, 1864. 

Fairbanks, Horace ; was born in Barnet, Ver- 
mont, March 21, 182(1; in 1825 removed, with his 
father's family, to St. .Tohnsbury, Vermont; received 
a common school and academic education; in 1838 
became a clerk and agent for E. and T. Fairbanks 
& Co., the gi-eat scale manufacturers; in 1843 was 
admitted to a partnership in the firm; afterwards 
became President of the E. and T. Fairbank's Scale 
Company; in 1864 was elected a Director, and Vice- 
Presideiit of the First National Bank of St. Johns- 
bury, and so continued; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1808; a State Senator in 1869; a Delegate to the 
Kepuhlican National Conventions of 1864 and 1872; 
in 1876 was elected Governor of Vermont and served 
I wo years. 

Fairchild, Charles S.; was born at Cazenovia, 
Madison County, New York, April 30, 1842; his early 
education was received at the Cazenovia Seminary; 
in 1859 entered Harvard College, graduating there- 
frcnn in 1863, and from IIar\ard Law School in 1865; 
^^as admitted to the bar and settled at Albany, New 
York, in the practice of law; in 1^74 was appointed 
Dejuity Attorney-General of the State of New Y'ork; 
upon the completion of his term, was nominated by 
liis party, for the office of Attorney-General and was 
elected; during his administration of this oflice the 
famous "Canal Ring" suits were carried to a suc- 
{■(■ssful issue and the State was relieved from tlie 
macliinations of this clique of plunderers, alter the 
c.\j)iration of his term of office Mr. Fairchild spent 
two years in European travel and then settled in New 
Y'ork City in the practice of his profession; in 1885 
was appoint<'d, by President Cleveland, Assistant 
Secretary of tlie United States Treasury Department. 

Fairchild, Lucius ; was born at Franklin Mills, 
Portage County, Ohio, December 27, 1831; was ap- 
pointed Lieutenant-Colonel of Second Iowa Infantry 
in June, 1861; Captain Sixteenth United States In- 
fantry, August, 1861; commanded an Iowa regiment 
in McCIellan's and Pope's campaigns, and was made 
Brigadier-General of Volunteers in Augu.st, 1862; was 
Secretary of State of Wisconsin in 1804 and 1865, and 
Governor in 1866 and 1867; in 1S8I) was appointed 
Jlinister Plenipotentiary to Spain, where he remained 
until 1882. 

Fairfield, John ; was born in Saco, Maine, Jan- 
nary 30, 1797; received a common school education; 



studied law and was admitted to the bar m 1826; m 
1832 was appointed Reporter of the Decisions of the 
Supreme Court; from 1835 tK> 1839 was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Maine: was Governor ot the 
State during the years 1839, 1840, 1842, and 1843; 
was elected a Senator in Congress, in 1843, to fill a, 
vacancy; in 1845 was re-elected for a term of six 
years. Died at Washington, December 24, 1847, 
after a surgical operation lor the relief of a local com- 
plaint. 

Faran, James J.; was born in Ohio; resided at 
Cincinnati; was a Representative from Ohio to the 
Thirtieth Congress; subsequently became one of the 
proprietors of the Cincinnati Enquirer. 

Farlee, Isaac G.; was born in New Jersey; was 
a Representative in Congress txom that State from 
1843 to 1845. 

Farley, E. Wilder ; was born in Maine, in 1818; 
graduated at Bowdoin College in 1836; studied law; 
was in the State Legislature in 1345, and from 1851 
to 1853; was a Kepresentativein Congress from Maine 
from 1853 to 1855; served in the State Senate in 
1856. 

Farley, James Thompson ; was born in Vir- 
ginia, August 6, 1829; received a common school 
education; removed, when a boy, to Missouri, and 
tlience to California; studied and practiced law; was 
a member of the California Assembly in 1855 and 
1H56, the latter year Speaker of the House; was 
elected a State Senator in 1860 and served, by re- 
elections, eight years; was President jiro tern, for one 
session; was elected a Senator of the United States 
from California for the term of six years from March, 
1879. Died at Jackson, California, January 23, 
1886. 

Farlin, Dudley ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1835 to 1837. Died at 
WarrenslKirg, New York, September 26, 1837. 

Farnham, Ros"well ; was born in | Boston, Mas- 
sachusetts, July 23, 1827; removed, with his parents, 
to Haverhill, Massachusetts, in 1830, and thence to 
Br.adford, Vermont, in 1840; received an academic 
and collegiate education, graduating from the Uni- 
versity of Vermont in 1849; received the degree of 
A. M.", from that institution, in 1852; taught school; 
studied law, and commenced practice at Bradford in 
1857; was elected State's Attorney for Orange County 
in 1859, and re-elected in 1860 and 1861 ; served in 
the Union Army from 1861 to 1863, rising to the 
rank of Lieutenant Colonel; was elected State Sena- 
tor in 1868 and 1869; was a member of the State 
Board of Education in 1873, 1874, and 1875; was a 
Delegate to the Republican Nationa_3. Convention of 
1876, and a Presidential Elector the'same year; was 
one of the Elective Trustees of the University of 
Vermont, and the State Agricultural College; was 
Governor of Vermont from 1880 to 1882. 

Farns'worth, John P.; was born in the town- 
ship of Eaton, Ijower Canada, March 27, 1820; was a 
lawyer by profession; was a Representative to the 
Thirty-fifth Congress from Illinois, and was a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Revolutionary Pensions; 
was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, and in 
1862 to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Military Affairs; in 1861 took )>art in 
the war as Colonel of Volunteers; raised and took 
into the field the Eighth Regiment of Illinois Cav- 
alry, serving in the Army of the Potomac until 1863; 
in 1863 and 1864 raised the Seventeenth Regiment of 
Illinois Volunteers by order of the War Department; 



BIO(; KAPHICAL ANNALS. 



lar, 



\\:\s Ijrevetted .iBri!j;adier-Gencral in 1862; re-eleeteil 
to tlie Tliirty-iiiiitli Consvess, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Appropriatiotis, the South Cavolina Mur- 
ders, and lieeonslruction, and as a Ivogent of tlie 
f<niitlisonian Institution; was a Delegate to the 
I'ittshurg "Soldiers' Convention '" of 18(i(5: was re- 
elected to tlie Fortieth Congress, s(nving on the Com- 
mittees on Reconstruetion and the Post Offite; re- 
elected to the two sul>sei|nent (Congresses, serving as 
Chairman ol'the Post Ollice Committee. 

Farquhar, John H.; was horn in Frederick 
County, JIaryland, Dccemher 20, ISIS; removed to 
Indiana with his lalluM's family in 18:!H; from 1837 
to 1840 served his adopted State as a Civil Kngineer; 
studied law, and practiced the profession; in 1812 
and 1843 was Secretary of the Indiana Senate; was 
Chief Clerk of the State House of Representatives in 
1844; was a Presidential Elector in 1800; in 1801 
was commissioned as Cajitain in the Nineteenth 
United States Intaiitry, in which cai)aeity he served 
until 1804, when he resigned; and wtis elected a 
Representative from Indiana to the Tliirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on the Post 
Oflice and Post Roads, and on the Jlilitia. 

Farquhar, John M.; was horn near Ayr, Scot- 
land, April 17, l8:j;i; was educated in the academy 
at Ayr; emigrated to the United States; engaged in 
the occupation of a printer; enlisted in the Union 
Army, in 1661, as a private in the Eighty-ninth Illi- 
nois Infantry; served throughout the Civil War, ris- 
ing to the rank of Major, and :K:t ing as Judg<;-Ad vocate 
and an Inspector on Stall' Duty ; after the close of the 
■war resumed his connection with the press, and be- 
came an editor and pnljlisher; afterward.? engaged in 
the business of manul'acturing lubricants; in 1884 
■was elected a Representative li^om New York to the- 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Farr, Evarts "W.; was born at Littleton, New 
Hampshire, October 10, 1840; graduated at Thetford 
Academy, Vermont, in 1850, and entered Dartmouth 
College; entered the army at the breaking out of the 
Eebellionj and served througliout the war, rising to 
the rank of Jlajor; studied law, and was admitted 
to practice in 1867; was aijpointed Assessor of In- 
ternal Revenue in 1870, and continued to .serve until 
the ollice ■was abolished, in 1873; was Prosecuting 
Attorney for Grafton County in 1873 and 1870; was 
a member of the Executive Council in 1876; was 
elected a Representative from New Hampshire to the 
Forty-sixth Congress. Died November 30, 1880. 

Farrelly, John "W.; was the son of Patrick Far- 

relly, and was born in Meadville, Penn.sylvania, in 
July, 1809; was a member of the State Legislature 
in 18'28; a State Senator from 1838 to 1841; a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from that State from 1847 to 
1849; Sixth Auditor of the Treasury from 1849 to 
18.53. He was a man of marked character. Died in 
Washington. 

Farrelly, Patrick ; was born in Ireland in 1760; 
■was a lawyer by profession ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Pennsylvania from 1831 to 1826. Died 
January 12, 1826, at Meadville, Penn.sylvania, be- 
fore the expiration of his last term in Congress. 

Farrington, James ; was born in New Hamp- 
shire in 1791; was a member of the State Legislatvue 
in 1830, 1832, and 1833; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1837 to 1839. Died at Rochester, New 
York, October 29, 1859. 

FaxTO-w, Samuel; was born in Virginia in 1760; 
served in the Revolutionary War, and was wounded; 



studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1793; 
was elected to Congress I'rom South (Sirolina as a 
Representative for tlu^ terms from 1813 to 1817, but 
resigned in 1816; served in the State Legislature 
from 1817 to 1821. Died at Columbia, November 18, 
1824. 

Far^well, Charles B.; was born in Painted Post, 
N(!w Y^ork, July 1, 1823; educated at Elmira 
Academy; removed to Illinois in 1838; was em- 
ploj'ed in surveying anil farming until 1844, when 
he engaged in business in Chicago; was elected 
County Clerk in 1853, and re-elected in 1857; subse- 
quently engaged in mercantile pursuits; was ap- 
pointed a member of tlie Slate Board of Equalization 
in 1867; (Jliairiiian of Board of Supervisors in 1868; 
was appointed National Bank Examiner in 1869; 
was elected to the Forty-second and two succeeding 
Congresses, ser^•ing on the Committee on Banking 
and Currency, and Chairman of that on Manu- 
factures; was elected a Representative from Illinois 
to the Forty -seventh Congress; declined a rc-uomin- 
ation. 

Far^well, Nathan A.; was born in the town of 
Unity, JIaine, in 1812; received a public school edu- 
cation; was a member of the State Senate in 18.53, 
1854, 1861, and 1862, presiding as President of that 
body during the latter year; was elected to the State 
Legislature in 1860, 1863, and 1864; was a Delegate 
to the Baltimore Convention in 1864; in October of 
that year was appointed, and soon afterwards elect- 
ed, a Senator in Congress from Maine, for tlie unex- 
pired term of William P. Fessenden, who had re- 
signed, taking his seat during the second session of 
the Thirty-eighth Congress; was also a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866. 

Far^well, Seawall S.; w.as born in Coshocton 
County, Ohio, Ai>ril 26, 1834; received an academic 
education; in 1852 removed to Iowa, and engaged in 
farming; ser\ed as a Captain in the Union Army 
from 1862 to 1865; was elected a State Senator in 
1865 and served four years; was Assessor of Internal 
Revenue from 1869 to 1873; was Collector of Internal 
Revenue from 1875 to 1881; ■n'as elected a Repre- 
sentative from Iowa to the Forty-seventh Congress. 

Faulk, Andre-w J. ; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was appointed Governor of the Territory of Dakota, 
in 1866, resiiUng at Yanktoa, and remaining in office 
until 1869. 

Faulkner, Charles J.; was born in Berkeley 
County, Virginia, about the year 1806; received a 
collegiate education; came to the bar in 18-29; in 
18:;2 and 1833 was elected to the House of Delegates; 
soon afterwards appointed a Commissioner to rejiort 
upon the boundary between Virginia and Maryland; 
in 1841 was elected to the Senate of Virginia, and in 
1848 w;is again elected to the House of Delegates; in 
1850 was a member of the C'on\ention formed to re- 
vise the Constitution of the State; in 1851 was elected 
a Repre,sentative in Congress; wa.s re-elected to four 
successive Congresses; was, during the fii'st session 
of the Thirty-fifth Congress, a member of the Com- 
mittee to inquire into the sale of the Fort Suelling 
Reservation, also serving on the Committee on Mili- 
tary Afl'airs, and in a subsequent Congress was Chair- 
man of the Committee on Jlilifary Atfairs; in Janu- 
ary, 1860, was appointed, by President Buchanan, 
Minister to France; r<-ttiriied to America in 1861, 
and while in Washington, closing his atfairs, was ar- 
rested and held as a hostage lor the ri^turn of H. S. 
Magraw, of Pennsylvania, then a prisoner in Rich- 
mond; was released from Fort Warren in December; 
and exchanged for .Mti'cd I'.ly, a member oi Congress, 



166 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



In the civil war acted as Chief of Staff for General 
Stonewall Jackson, and wrote all his reports and ills- 
patches; in 1872 was & member of the Convention to 
frame a Constitutioi*. for West Virginia; was elected 
to the Forty-fonrth Congress. 

Faxon, "William ; was born in Hartford, Con- 
necticut, April 17, 1h22; brought up as a printer in 
the office of tlie Hartford Cotcrant, of which paper he 
subsequently became one of the editors and [iropri- 
etore; in 1856 established the Hartford Press, the lirst 
Republican paper in Connecticut; was Chief Clerk of 
the Navy Department from 1861 to 1866, and Assist- 
ant Secretary of the Navy from 1866 to 1869, when 
he retired. 

Pay, Francis B.; was born in Massachusetts; 
was a member of the Massachusetts Senate in 1842 
and 1845; Mayor of Chelsea in 1857; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Massachusetts from 1852 
to 1853. 

Fay, John ; was born in Worcester County, Mas- 
sachusetts; was a Representative in Congress from 
New York from 1819 to 1821. 

Fay, Jonas; was born at Hardwick, Massachu- 
setts, January 17, 17.37; received a good education, 
and became clerk of a Massachusetts Company at 
Fort Edward in 1756; removed to Bennington in 
1766; was agent of the settlers on the New Hamp- 
shire Grants in 1772, to confer with Governor Tryon. 
of New York, during the contest between that State 
and Great Britain in the organization of the State 
Government, and was Clerk to the Convention of 
1774; was Surgeon at the capture of Ticonderoga: 
was a member of the Convention of 1777, which de- 
clared Vermont a State, and was author of the Decla- 
ration submitted to Congress; was Secretary of the 
State Constitutional Convention of that j'ear, and a 
member of the Council of Safety, member of the 
State Council from 1778 to 1785; Judge of the Su- 
preme Court in 1782; Judge of Probate from 1772 to 
1787; Agent of the State to Congress in 1777, 1779, 
1781, and 1782. Died at Bennington, Vermont, 
March 6, 1818. 

Fay, Theodore Sedg-wick ; was born in New 
York February 10, 1807; was admitted to the bar in 
1838; preferred a literary life, and became editor of 
the New York Mirrur ; in 1832 published " Dreams 
and Reveries of a Quiet Man;" in 1833 went io 
Europe; spent three years there, and wrote the " Min- 
ute Book," a journal of travels; his Hrst novel, "Nor- 
man Leslie," was puldished in 1835; was United 
States Secretary of Legation at Berlin from 1837 to 
1853; Resident Minister at Berne, Switzerland, fr<mi 
1853 to 1860; his other publications were "The 
Countess Ida," in 1S40; "Hoboken," in 1843; 
"Ulric, or the A^oices," a poem, in 1851; "Sidney 
Clifton," in 18.39; "Robert Uueful," in 1844: 
"Views of Christianity," in 18.56; a series of papers 
on Sliakespeare, and a variety of fugitive pieces in 
prose and verse, and a "History of Switzerland." 

Fearing, Paul ; was born in Wareham. Massa- 
chusetts, Felirnary 28, 1762; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1785; studied law, and emigrated to 
Ohio, where he became distinguished in his profes- 
sion; settled in Marietta in 1788, after performing 
the journey from Baltimore over the mountains on 
foot; soon after his arrival was appointed United 
States Attorney for Washington County in that 
Territory; in 1797 was appointed Judge of Probate 
for his county; was a member of the first Legislative 
Council of Ohio in 1799; in 1801 was chosen a Dele- 
gate to Congress, serving until 18U3; in 1814 was 



appointed Master Commissioner in Chancery, and 
liom 1810 to 1817 was Judge in one of the State 
Courts; in 1808 engaged extensively in the raising of 
Merino sheep, producing the best description of wool, 
and stimulating othei 
Died August 21, 1822. 

Feam, "Walter ; wa.s born at Huntsville, Ala- 
bama, January 13, 1832; in 1834 removed, with his 
parents, to Mobile, Alabama; received his early edu- 
cation at the private academy of Doctor Norman 
Pinney, an eminent classical .scholar; was graduated 
from "if ale College with high honors in 1851 ; studied 
law; was admitted to the bar, at Mobile, in 1853; in 
1854 went as Secretary to the United States Minister 
to Belgium; in 1856 was appointed Secretary of the 
Legation of the United States at Mexico; resigned in 
1859 and resumed the practice of law at Mobile; was 
in Europe as Secretary of the first Confederate Com- 
mission when Fort Sumter was fired upon, Ln 1861; 
resigned and returned to the United States to enter 
the army, running the blockade at Charleston, Soutli 
Carolina, under heavy fire, and was wrecked under 
the guns of Fort Moultrie; escaped, and was com- 
missioned Captain and appointed on the staff of 
General Johnston; was again sent to Europe with 
Colonel Lamar; on his return was sent on a special 
mission to Mexico under General Preston, upon 
whose staff he served until the close of the war .vith 
the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel; in 1866 removed to 
New Orleans, Louisiana, and continued the practice 
of law; was Professor of Spanish and Italian in the 
University of Louisiana, when, in 1885, was ap- 
pointed, by President Cleveland, United States Min- 
ister Resident and Consul General to Greece, Rou- 
mania, and Servia. 

Feathefston, "W. S.; was born in Tennessee; on 
taking up his residence in Mississippi, was elected a 
Representative in Congress from 1847 to 1851; took 
part in the Rebellion of 1861 as a Brigadier-General. 

Feloh, Alpheus ; was born in Limerick, York 

County, Maine, September 38, 1806; graduated at 
Bowdoin College, and adopted the law as a profes- 
sion; emigrated to Michigan when quite young; was 
a member of the State Legislature in 1836 and 1837; 
was appointed Bank Commi.ssioner of Michigan in 
1838, and resigned in 1839; for a short time ini 1842 
was Auditor General of the State, but relinquished 
that position (m a seat on the Bench of the Supreme 
Court of Michigan; in 1845 was elected Governor; 
resigned in 1847, and was elected a Senator in Con- 
gress for six years; was appointed, by President 
Pierce, one of the Commissioners to settle Land 
Claims in California, under the .Vet of Congress, and 
the Treaty of Cruadalupe Hidiilgo, in March. 1853, 
the business of which commi.ssion was closed by 
disposing of all the cases before it in March, 1856; 
was a Delegate to the Chicago Convention of 1864. 

Felder, John M. ; was born in Orangeburg Dis- 
trict, South Carolina, July 7, 1782; graduated at 
Yale College in 1804; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1808; was a member of the State Assem- 
bly in 1812, and subsequently of the Senate; was a 
Trustee of South Carolina College; served as a Major 
of Militia; w;is a Representative in Congress from 
South Carolina from 1831 to 1835. Died at Union 
Point, September 1, 1851. 

Fell, John ; was a Delegate from New Jersey to 
the Continental Congress from 1778 to 1780. 

Felton, Charles N. ; was born in Erie County, 
New York, in 1832; received an academic education; 
took the California gold fever, in 1849, and went to 



B I ( ) (J K A P H I C A L ANNALS. 



167 



Marysvinp. in California, wlipic lie worked at minin<; 
for a time; in 1856 was Under-iSlieriff of Yuba County, 
California; in iw,")?, was elected Tax Collector of tliat 
county; served two terms as a Representative in the 
California Legislature; served as officer of the United 
States Mint, at San Francisco, for six years, a part of 
the time as Assistant Treasurer, and the remainder as 
Treasurer (if the Mint; in 1884, was elected a Repre- 
sentative from California to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Penn, Stephen S.; was born at Watertown, 
Connecticut, March 28, 1830; removed to Niagara 
County, NewYork, in 1821; received a common school 
education; in 1841 removed to Jackson County, Iowa, 
anil tlu're held several county offices; in 18 lO removed 
to Calitbrniaand engaged in various pursuits; thence, 
in LSO'i, to that part of ^V'ashington Territory which 
became a yavt of the Territory of Idaho upon the 
organization of that Territory, in 1863; engaged in 
mining, and practiced law; was a member of the 
Legislative Council of Idaho in 1864 and 1865; Dis- 
trict Attorney in 1869; again in the Assembly in 
1872, and served as Speaker of the House of Repre- 
sentatives; turned his attention to agriculture; was 
elected a Delegate from Idaho to the Forty-fourth 
Congress; re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Fanner, Arthur ; was born in Providence, Rhode 
Island, in 1745; his ancestors were among the earli- 
est iiihf.bitants of Providence; was Clerk of the Su- 
perior Court of the State; was chosen Governor in 
1780, and served until his death, which occurred in 
Providence, October 15, 1805. 

Penner, James ; was born in Providence, Rliode 
Island, in 1771 ; graduated at Brown University in 
1789, from wlii(^h institution he received the degree 
ofLL. D.; was, lor more than half a century, actively 
connected with the public .affairs of his native State; 
w.as United States Senator from 1805 to 1807, when 
he was elected Governor of Rhode Island, which 
otfice he held for four years; again elected in 1824, 
and served seven years, and was again elected in 
1844; was a Presidential Elector in 1821, 1827, and 
18:57; was President of the Convention that formed 
the State Constitution in 1842. Died at Providence, 
April 17, 1846. 

Penton, Reuben E.; was born in Carroll, Chau- 
tauqua County, New York, July 1, 1819; w;\s edu- 
cated at Pleasant Hill and Fredonia Academies; 
studied law, but pursued the avocation of a mer- 
chant; in 1843 was elected Supervisor of the town of 
Carroll; was elected a Representative in the Thirty- 
third and Thirty-fltth Congresses, from New York, 
serving on the Committee on Private Land Claims; 
was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving 
as Chairman of the Committee on Invalid Pensions; 
re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving as 
Chairm-.m of the Committee on Clainis; re-elected to 
the Tliirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Ways and Means; resigned to accept the Govem- 
orshii) of New York for 1865 and 1866, to which he 
had been elected ; was re-elected to the same position ; 
in 1869 ^vas elected a Senator in Congress for the 
term ending in 1875. Died at Jamestown, New 
York, August 25, 1885. 

Ferdon, John W.; was born at Picrmont, New 

York, in 1828; graduated at Rutgers College, New 
Jersey, in 1847; graduated in law in 1851; was a 
Representative in the State Legislature in 18.55; a 
State Senator in 1856 and 1857; a Delegate to the 
Republican National Conventions of 1864 and 1876; 
was elected a Representative from New York to the 
Forty-sixth Congress. Died August 6, 1884. 



Ferguson, Penner; was born in Rensselaer 
County, New York, April 25, 1814; his education 
w;us academic; was a lawyer by profession; was 
Master in Chancery in Albany, New York, in 1844; 
also Master in Chancery in Michigan; a member of 
the Michigan Legislature, and Prosecuting Attorney ; 
June 29, 1854, was appointed, by President Pierce, 
Chief Justice of the Territory of Nebra.ska, which 
office he resigned, alter being elected a Delegate to 
the Thirty-filth Congress from that Territory. Died 
at Bellevue, Nebraska Territory, in November, 1859. 

Perrell, Thomas M.; was born at Glassboro, 
New Jersey, June 20, 1844; was principally self-edu- 
cated; was employed in a glass factory from his boy- 
hood; was a member of a Township Committee in 
1872 and 1873; was a Trustee of the public schools 
from 1874 to 1879; was a member of the State As- 
sembly in 1879 and 1880; a State Senator in 1881; 
was elected a Representative from New Jersey to the 
Forty-eighth Congress. 

Ferris, Charles Gr. ; was born in New York ; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1841 to 1843. 

Ferriss, Orange ; was born at Glenn's Falls, 
Warren County, New York, November 26, 1814; 
graduated at the University of Vermont in 1836; 
studied law and came to the bar in 1840; in 1841 was 
appointed Surrogate of his county for four years; in 
1851 was elected, under the new Constitution, Judge 
of Warren County, and twice re-elected, holding the 
office twelve years in all ; towards the close of the 
Rebellion was appointed Provost-Marshal for his dis- 
trict, but declined; in 1866 was elected a Represents 
ative from New York to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on tlie Committees on Revision of Laws, 
Mines and Mining, and Weights and Measures; 
was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, and 
made Chairnum of the Committee on Mines and 
Mining; was subsequently appointed on a commis- 
sion to adjudicate Southern claims; in May, 1880, 
was appointed Second Auditor of the United States 
Treasury. 

Ferry, Orris S.; was born in Bethel, Connecticut, 

August 15, 1823; graduated at Yale College in 1844; 
studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1846; in 
1847 received the appointment of Lieutenant^CoIonel 
of the First Division Connecticut Militia; in 1849 
was appointed Judge of Probate tor the District of 
Norvvalk; was elected to the State Senate in 1855 
and 1856; in 1856 was appointed State's Attorney for 
the county of Fairfield, which position he continued 
t<5 fill until 1859, when he was elected a l\epresent:i- 
tive to the Thirty-sixth Congress from Connecticut, 
serving as a member of the Committee on Revolu- 
tionary Claims, and the Special Committee of Tliirty- 
three on the Rebellious States; served with distinc- 
tion as a Colonel and Brigadier-General in the war 
for the Union ; in 1806 was elected a Senator in Congress 
for the terra commencing March, 1867, and ending in 
1873, serving on the Committees on Privati; Laud 
Claims, Patents and the Patent Office, Public Build- 
ings and Grounds, and Territories; was a Delegate 
to the Philadel))hia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866 
and to the "Soldiers' Convention," held at Pitt.s- 
burg; in 1872 was re-elected to tlie United States 
Senate for six years, for a second full term, and w:is 
Chairman of the Committee on Patents. Died in 
South Norwalk, Connecticut, Novemlier 21, 187.5. 

Perry, Thomas 'W.; was bom in Maekin.oc, 
Michigan, June 1, 1827; was .self-educated; in 18.50 
was elected to the State Legislature; to the State 
Senate in 1856; for eight yeare Avas an active member 



IGS 



iUUt. JJAl'lilCAL ANNALS. 



of the Re])ublicaii State Committee; was a Delegate- 
at-Large to the "Chicago Couveution" of 1860, and 
a Vice-Presicient; in 1863 was appointed Commis- 
sioner for Michigan of the Soldiers' National Ceme- 
tery at Gettysburg; in 1804 was elected a Eepresenta- 
tive from Michigan to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on the Post Office and 
Post Koads, the Militia, and the War Debts of Loyal 
States; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyal- 
ists' Convention" of 1866; was re-elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Naval Affairs; re-elected to theForty-lirst and Forty- 
second Congresses, but did not take his seat in the 
latter, as he was chosen a Senator in Congress for the 
term ending in 1877, serving as Cliairmau of the 
Committee on Rules, and on those on Finance and 
Post Office; during tlie second session of the Forty- 
third Congress was President of the Senate prn tern.; 
was re-elected Senator for the term ending in 1883. 

Pessenden, Samuel C; was born in New 
Gloucester, Maine, March 7, 1815; graduated at Bow- 
doin College in 18:J4, and completed his education at 
the Bangor Theological Seminary in 1837; in 1838 
was ordained and instalh-d as Pastor of the Second 
Congregational Church in Thomaston, now Rockland, 
and dismissed, at his own request, in 1850; during 
that year he established the Maine EcangtiisI; in 1858 
entered upon the practice of law; soon after was 
elc^eted .Judge of the Municipal Court of Rockland; 
was elected a Rejjresentative from JIaine to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committees on the District of Columbia, Government 
Employes, and Unfinished Business; in 1865 was ap- 
pointed a member of the Board of E.^aminers of the 
Patent Office. 

Fessenden, T. A. D.; wms born in Portland, 
Maine, January 23, 1820; graduated at Bowdoin 
College in 1845; adopted the profession of the law; 
was a member of tlie Convention which nominated 
General Fremont for President; in 1858 was ap- 
pointed Aid-de-camp to the Governor of JIaine; in 
1860 was elected to the JIaine Legislature; in 1861 
was chosen Attorney for the county of Androscoggin, 
■which position he held until 1862, when he " was 
elected a Representative from JIaine to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, for the unexpired term of C. W. 
Walton, resigned, serving on the Committee on 
Private Land Claims. Died in Lewiston, MaiPiC, 
September 28, 1868. 

Fessenden, William Pitt; was born in Bos- 
caw en. New Hampshire, October 16, 1806; graduated 
at Bowdoin College in 1823; studied law^and was 
admitted to the bar in Portland in 1827; was a mem- 
ber of the Maine Legislature in 1832 and in 1840; 
was a Representative in Congress from 1841 to 1S43, 
declining further service; was again in the State 
Legislature in 1845 and 1846, and "in 18.53 and 18.54; 
was elected a Senator in Congress for six years, from 
JIarch, 1853, serving as a member of the Committee 
on Finance; in 1859 was re-elected for the term of 
six years, serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Finance, on the Library Ci>mmittee, and also as 
a Regent of the Smithsonian Institution; was a mem- 
ber in 1832 of tlie Convention which nominated 
Henry Clay Jbr President, and also of the Conven- 
tions which nominated Generals Taylor and Scott. 
During the summer of 1858 the degree of LL.D. was 
coidcrrcd upon him I)y Bowdoin College, of which 
institution lie was a Trustee; was also a member of 
the "Peace Congress" of 1861; in September, 1864, 
«'as a^ipointed, by President Lincoln, Secretary of 
the Treasury, in the pUvce of S. P. Chase, resigned; 
soon afterwards received from Harvard University 



the degree of LL.D; in 1864 was elected a Senator in 
Congress for the term commencing in 1865 and end- 
ing in 1871; resigned his position in the cabinet, 
and resumed his seat in the Senate JIarch 4, 1865, 
and was again placed at the head of the Committee 
on Finance; at the succeeding session of Congress was 
made Chairman of the Special Joint Committee 
on Reconstruction, so called, and was the author of 
the report of that Committee, recommending an 
Amendment to the Constitution; was also a member 
of the Committee on Foreign Relations, and of that 
on the Libraiy, and made Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Public Buildings and Grounds. Died in Port- 
land, September 8, 1869. 

Few, "William ; was born in Maryland, June 8, 
1748; when ten yearsof age removed, with his father, 
to North Carolina, where be received a good educa- 
tion; was a Colonel in the Revolutionary Army, and 
distinguished himself in several actions with the 
British and Indians; settled in Georgia in 1776; in 
1778 was Surveyor-General of the State, and Presid- 
ing Judge of the Richmond County Court; in 1780 
was sent as Delegate to Congress, and remained in 
that body until tlie peace; was again appointed in 
1786; in the next year assisted in forming the Na-' 
tional Constitirtiou, which he duly signed; after its 
adoption was elected a Senator in Congress, serving 
from 1789 to 1703; in 1790 was a member of the Con- 
vention which framed the Constitution of the State 
of Georgia; subsequently served upon the Bench in 
the Legislature of that State; during the latter years 
of his life resided in the city of New York, of which 
he was Jlayor; was elected to the Legislature of New 
York; also held the office of Comrai-ssioner of Loans. 
Died at Fishkill, New York, July 16, 1828. 

Ficklin, Orlando B.; was a native of Kentucky; 
born in 1808; received a plain English education; 
studied law, and graduated at the Transylvania Law 
Scliool; commenced to practice in 1830, in Mount 
Carmel, Illinois; in 18154 was a member of the Legis- 
lature; was Attorney for the Wabash Circuit in 1835; 
in 1838 and in 1812 w.is again elected to the Legisla- 
ture; in 1843 was eleoied a Representative in Con- 
gress from Illinois, serving six consecutive years, and 
was again elected in 1850; in 1853 was Colonel of 
Militia; in 1856 was a Presidential Elector. 

Fiedler, "William H. P.; was born in New York 
City, August 25, 1847; at the age of fifteen was ap- 
prenticed to the trade of a hat-finisher; on reaching 
his majority became a clerk in a hat store; four years 
later embarked in the hat and cap business at New- 
ark, New Jersey, and was very successful; in 1876 
was elected an Alderman of the city of Newark; in 
1877 was elected a Representative in the State Legis- 
lature, and was re-elected in 1878; in the same year 
was again elected Alderman; in 1879 was elected 
Jlayor of Newark, serving two years; was unani- 
mously re-nominated in 1881, but was defeated; in 
1882 was, a third time, elected to the State Assem- 
bly, to fill a vacancy; was elected a Representative 
from New Jersey to tlie Forty-eighth Congress. 

Field, David Dudley; was born at Haddam, 

Connecticut, February 13, 1805; in 1809 removed, 
with his father, to Stockbridge, Massachusetts; re- 
ceived a classical education, graduating at Williams 
College in 1824; studied law; was admitted to the 
bar in 1828 and commenced practice in New York 
City; in 1857 was appointed, by the Legislature, 
Chairman of a Commission to prepare a new code of 
laws; was elected a Representative trom New York 
to the Forty-fourth Congress, to fill the vacancy oc- 
casioned by the resignation of Smith Ely, Jr. 





Cc^^xu^O 




'..<nD 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



169 



Field, Maunsell B.; was boin in Xew York; was 
a man of culture and an author of some reputation; 
^\as appointed Second Assistant Secretary of the 
Treasury in 1804. Died in New York Ijefore the close 
of that year. 

Field, Moses "W.; was born in Watertown, Jeff- 
erson County, New York, February 10, 1S:>8; re- 
ceived a good education; worked on a farm; reiiuned 
to Michigan, and was a niercliant in Detroit (or 
twenty-tive years ; was elected Alderman and 
ser\ed two terms; was Cliairman of the Board of 
School Inspectors; was elected to the Forty-third Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Education and 
Labor and Manufactures; in 1875 presented to tlie 
city of Detroit a lot of forty acres of land for a pub- 
lic park. 

Field, Richard S.; was born in New Jersey: held 
a seat in the United States Senate from that State, 
for a few montlis, in 18()'2and 18(;:j, by a))i)iiintnicnt, 
in place of J. R. Thompson, deceased; was llien ap- 
pointed, by President IJiu-oln, Judge of tlie District 
Court of the United States for tlie District of New 
Jersey; was a Delegate to tlie Philadelphia "Loyal- 
ists' Convention" of I8(JG. Died at Princeton, New 
Jersey, May 25, 1870. 

Field, Stephen J.; was born in Haddam, Con- 
necticut, November 4, 181G; a son of David Dudley 
Field; while yet a youth traveled in Europe and the 
East; graduated at Williams College in 1837; studied 
law in New York City with his brothel', David Dud- 
ley, Jr., with whom he formed a law partnership; in 
1848 made a second visit to Europe; toward the close 
of 1849 went to California; in January, 1850, was 
elected First Alcalde of the city of Marysville and 
continued the practice of his profession; in October of 
the same year was elected to the Legislature, where 
he took a leading part in modeling the judicial sys- 
tem of the State; in 1857 was elected a Judge of the 
Supreme Court of California for six years, and was 
elevated to the position of Chief Justice; in 1863 was 
appointed, by President Lincoln, a Justice of the 
Supreme Court of the United States; in the discharge 
of his official duties, he was obliged to travel, an- 
nually, ove.r thirteen thousand miles; brother of 
Cyrus W. Field, the distinguished projector of the 
Atlantic telegraph. 

Field, Walbridge A.; was born at Springfield, 
Vermont, April 26, 1333; graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 1855; studied law; was admitted to the 
bar in Boston Massachusetts, in 1860, and com- 
menced practice there; was Assistant United States 
Attorney from 1865 to 1869; was then appointed 
Assistant Attorney-General of the United States; re- 
siijned in 1870; was elected a Representative from 
Jlassachusctts to the Forty-fifth Congress, but his 
seat was successfully contested by Benjamin Dean; 
was elected to the Fortj-si.'cth Congress. 

Fields, "William C; was born in the city of 
New York, February 13, 1804; received a common 
school education; adopted the business of a merchant 
and a manufacturer; was for tlu'ee years Clerk of 
Otsego County, sixteen years a .Justice of the Peace 
in the Town of Laurens and subsequently Supervisor 
of the town; in 1866 was ehjctcd a Representative 
from New York to the Fortieth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Agriculture and Accounts. 

Fillmore, Millard ; was bom January 7, 1800, 
at Summer Hill, Cayuga County, in the State of 
New York; at an early age was sent to Livingston 
County, at that time a wild region, to learn the 
clothier's trade, and about four months later was 



apprenticed to a wool-carder in the town in which 
his father lived; during the four years that he worked 
at his trade he did what he could to supply the de- 
fects of his early education; at the age of nineteen 
commenced the study of law, and devoted a portion 
of his time to teaching school; in 1821 removed to 
Erie County, and pursued his legal studios in the 
city of Buffalo; two years later was admitted to the 
Common Picas, and commenced the practice of the 
law at Aurora, in the same county; in 1827 was ad 
mitted as an Attorney, and in 1829 as a Councilor in 
the Supreme Court;' in the following year removed to 
Buffalo: his political life commenced with his elec- 
tion to the State Assembly, in which he took his seat 
in 1829; in 1832 was elected to Congress, and took 
his seat in the following year; in 1835, at the close 
of his term in office, resumed the practice of the law; 
was again elected to Congre-ss in 1837; during this 
term he took a more prominent part in the business 
of the House than during his former term, and was 
a.ssigned a jjlace on the Committee on Elections; was 
successively re-elected to the Twenty-sixth and 
Twenty-seventh Congresses; at the dose of the lirst; 
session of the Twenty-seventh Congress declined a 
re-election, returned to Buflalo, and again devoted 
himself to his profession; in 1847 was elected to the 
office of Comptrollerof theState; in 1848 was nomin- 
ated by the Whigs as their candidate for Vice- 
President, and was elected to that office in the 
autumn of the same year; in JIarch, 1849, resigned 
his office as Comptroller, to assume the duties of 
his new position, w'here he remained nntil the death 
of President Taylor in July, 1850, by which he was 
elevated to the Presidency; his terra of office expired 
March 4, 1852; after his retirement fi-om public life 
he visited Europe; in 1869 was President of the Com- 
mercial Convention, at Louis"ville, Kentucky. Died 
at Buffalo, March 8, 1872. 

Finch, Isaac ; was a native of New York ; was a 
member of the Assemlily of that State in 1822 and 
1824; was a Representative in Congress from New 
York from 1829 to 1831. 

Findlay, James ; was born in Franklin County, 
Penn.sylvania, about 1775; emigrated to Cincinnati 
in 1793; was one of the Legislative Council of the 
Tenitory in 1798; a prominent Democratic leader; 
often a member of the Legislature; was Receiver of 
Public Moneys in Cincinnati District from the first 
(?stablishnieut of Land Offices until 1824; was Colonel 
of the Second Ohio Volunteers in 1812, serving under 
General Hull at Detroit; was a Representative in 
Congress from 1825 to 1833; was Candidate for Gov- 
ernor in 1834. Died at Cincumati, December 28, 
1835. 

Findlay, John ; was born in Franklin County, 
Pennsylvania, and was a brother of .lames and Wil- 
liam Findlay, who also were in Congress; was a 
Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania, from 
1823 to 1827. 

Findlay, John v. L.; was born near Williams- 
port, Maryland, December 21, 18:!9; was i)repared 
tor college at Williamsjiort; graduated at Princeton 
College in 18.58; studied law; was admitted to the 
l)ar at Baltimore, Maryland, in 1860, and settled 
there in the practice of law; was a Reprcsentjitive in 
the State Legislature in 1861 and lKi2; in 1866 was 
appointed Collector of Internal Revenue at Balti- 
more; was, for several years, a Director, on the I)ai1; 
of the City of Baltimore and tile Stale of Maryland, 
in the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company; was 
City Solicitor from 1876 to 1878; was the orator for 
Maryland at the Centennial Exposition in 1876; was 



170 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



elected a Representative from Maryliiud to the Forty- 
eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Pindlay, William; -was horn in Franklin 
County, Penn.sylvania; was Governor of Pennsyl- 
vania "from 1817 to 1820; was a Senator in Congress 
from that State from 1821 to 1827. Died November 
14, 1846, aged seventy-eight years. 

Findlay, William ; came in early life from 
Ireland; in the Revolution engaged with zeal in the 
cause of his adopted country, and at the close of the 
war removed to Pennsylvania; was a member of the 
Convention which framed the new Constitution of 
Pennsylvania; was a member of Congress from that 
State from 1791 to 1799, and from 1803 to 1817 ; opposed 
the administration of Mr. Adams, and supported Mr. 
Jefferson; published a "Review of the Funding Sy.s- 
tem " in 1794, and a "History of the Insurrection of 
the Foitr Western Counties of Pennsylvania," in 
1796. Died at Unity Township, Greensburg, April 
5, 1821, aged upwards of seventy. 

Fine, John ; was born in New York, August 26, 
1784; graduated at Columbia College, New York, in 
1809; studied law at Litchtield, Connecticut, and 
settled in St. Lawrence County, New York; was a 
Judge in that county for eighteen years, from 1821 
to 1839, and again in 1844; was County Treasurer 
from 1821 to 1833; a State Senator in 1848; was a 
Representative in Congress from 1839 to 1841; pub- 
lished a volume of law lectures. Died in Ogdens- 
burg, January 4, 1867. 

Finerty, John F.; was born in Galway, Ireland, 
September 10, 1846; was educated mainly liy private 
tutors; came to the United States in 1864, settling 
in New York; joined the State Militia; volunteered 
uniler the last call of President Lincoln for one 
hundred days' service in 1864; subsequently en- 
gaged in journalism and settled in Chicago, Illi- 
nois; was field correspondent of the Chicago Time.i 
in lour Indian wars, including the campaign against 
Sitting Bull in 1876, and the famous Sibley scout 
in the Big Horn Mountains; narrowly escaped 
massacre in the last campaign; traveled in Mexico 
and the various States and Territories of the United 
States until 1881; never held political oflice until 
elected a Representative from Illinois to the Forty- 
eighth Congress. 

Fink, William E.; was born in Ohio in 1822; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar of that 
State when twenty-one years of age; in 1851 was 
elected to the Senate of Ohio; in 1852 was a member 
of the National Convention which nominated General 
Scott for the Presidency; in 1861 was again elected a 
State Senator; in 18()2 was chosen a Representative 
from Ohio to the Thirty-eighth Congress, and was a 
member of the Committee on the Post Offices and 
Post Roads; re-elected to tile Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the (Committees on the Post Office and 
Post Roads, and Roads and Canals; also re-elected to 
the Forty-third Congress to fill a vacancy. 

Finkelnburg, G-. A.; was born near Cologne, in 
Prussia, April 6, 1837; emigrated with his family to 
this country in 184H, and settled in Missouri;' at- 
tended the St. Charles College, in Missouri, and gradu- 
ated in the Law Department of the Ohio University, 
at Cincinnati, in 1859; came to the bar in 1860; 
served one year in the Volunteer Army during the 
Rebellion; was elected to the State Legislature in 
1864; re-elected, and acted as Speaker pro tern.; in 
ls68 was elected a Representative from Missouri to 



tlie Forty-first Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Commerce and Revision of Laws; was re-elected 
to the Forty-second Congress. 

Finley, Ebenezer B.; was born at Orrville, Ohio, 
.July 31, 1833; studied law, and commenced practice, 
in 1862, at Bucyrus, Ohio; served in the Union Army 
as an officer during the War of the Rebellion; was 
elected a Representative from Ohio to the Forty-fifth 
and Forty-sixth Congresses. 

Finney, Dariwin A. ; was born in Shrewsbury, 
Vermont, in 1814: removed to Pennsylvania when 
young, and graduated at Meadville College; received 
a good education; studied law and devoted himself 
to the practi(?e of the profession; was a member for 
several years of the Assembly and Senate of Pennsyl- 
vania; in 1866 was elected a Representative from 
that State to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Expenditures in the State Department. 
Died in Europe, July 25, 1868. 

Fish, Hamilton ; was born in New York City, 
August 3, 1808; graduated at Columbia College in 
1827; studied law and came to the bar in 1830; was 
for several years a Commissioner of Deeds for the 
City and County of New York; in 1837 was elected 
to the State Legislature; was a Representative in 
Congress from 1843 to 1845; in 1847 was elected to 
the State Senate to fill a vacancy; was Governor of 
New York from 1848 to 1850; was a Senator in Con- 
gress from 1851 to 1857; in 1862 was appointed one 
of a Board of Commissioners to relieve Union prison- 
ers in the Southern States, and succeeded in negotiat- 
ing an exchange of jirisoners; in 1869 went into the 
Cabinet of President Grant as Secretary of State; 
took a conspicuous part in negotiating a settlement 
of the Alabama Claims and one or two important 
treaties in 1871 and 1872; from the time he left the 
Senate until he became Secretary of State he traveled 
in Europe and devoted himself chiefly to the cultiva- 
tion of his taste for art and literature, and was for a 
time President of the New York Historical Society ; 
his father, Nicholas, was a man of ability, distin- 
guished as an officer in the Revolutionary War; sub- 
sequently attained the rank of Adjutant-General; 
was a personal friend of Washington, whose confi- 
dence he possessed in a high degree. 

Fish, Nicholas ; was born in New York City, 
February 19, 1846; graduated from Columbia Col- 
lege in 1867, and from Harvard Law School in 1869; 
was admitted to the bar in the latter year, and en- 
gaged in the practice of law in his native city; in 
1871 was appointed Assistant Secretary of Legation 
at Berlin, Germany; in 1874 was promoted to the 
post of Secretary of that Embassy; frequently acted 
as Charge d'.l^ajres to Switzerland from 1877 to 1881, 
when he resigned; in 1882 was appointed Jlinister 
Resident to Belgium. 

Fisher, Charles ; was born in Rowan County, 
North Carolina, October 20, 1789; received an aca.- 
demic education, and studied law, but did not practice 
to any extent; commenced public life by going into 
the State Senate in 1818, and in 1819 was elected to 
Congi'ess from North Carolina; in 1821 was again- 
elected to the State Legislature, where he served 
almost continuously until 183(!; was a Delegate to 
the Con\ention to amend the State Constitution in 
1835; from 1839 to 1841 was again a Representative 
in Congress. Died at Hillsborough, Scott County, 
Mississippi, May 7, 1849, while returning home from 
an extended tour in the South-west. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



i:! 



Fisher, David ; was born in Somerset County, 
Pennsylvania, December 3, 1794; received an English 
education, chiefly in a log school house; was reared 
to clearing land and farming in Ohio; was also a 
lay preacher; in 1842 was elected to the Legisla- 
ture of Ohio; was a Representative in Congress from 
that State, from 1845 to 1847; his chair in the House 
of Representatives was next to that of the late John 
Qnincy Adams, and when that great statesman 
fainted at his desk, two days before his death, he fell 
into the arms of Mr. Fisher. 

Fisher, George ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1839 to 1830; a member 
of the New York Assembly, from Tioga County, in 
1835. 

Fisher, G-eorgeP.; was born in Milford, Kent 
County, Delaware, October 13, 1817; graduated at 
Dickinson College, Pennsylvania, in 1838; studied 
law, and was admitt<ed to the bar in 1841 ; in 1840 
was Clerk of the Delaware Senate; in 1843 and 1844 
w;is elected to the Delaware House of Representatives; 
in 1846 became Secretary of State of Delaware; in 

1849 went into the State Department at Washington 
as the Confidential Clerk of Secretary Clayton; in 

1850 was appointed, by President Taylor, a Commis- 
sioner to settle claims against Brazil, which oiSce 
expired in 1852; from 1857 to 1860 held the position 
of Attorney-General of the State of Delaware; was 
elected a Representative from that State to the Thir- 
ty-seventh Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs; was subsequently ap- 
pointed, by President Lincoln, a Judge of the Su- 
preme Court for the District of Columbia, which 
position he resigned to accept that of District Attor- 
ney ; was removed from office in 1875. 

Fisher, Hendrick; was a Delegate liom New 
.lersey to the Colonial Congress which met in New 
York in 1765. 

Fisher, Horatio G-.; was born at Huntingdon, 
Pennsylvania, April 21, 1838; graduated at La Fay- 
ette College, Pennsylvania, in 1855; engaged in vari- 
ous pursuits; was a member of Councils from 1862 to 
1865; County Auditor from 1865 to 1868; Burgess 
from 1874 to 1877; in 1876 was elected a State Sena- 
tor for the term of four years; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-sixth and 
Forty-seventh Congre.sses. 

Fisher, John ; was born in Jlaryland; received 
a good education; studied law and settled in Dela- 
ware; was appointed United States Judge for that 
District, in 1812, by President Madison. 

Fisher, John ; was born in Londondeny, New 
; ' .inipshire, March 13, 1806; spent his boyhood work- 
ing on his father's liirm; subsequently engaged in 
naercantile pursuits: si)ent about twenty-one years 
in Hamilton, Canada, where he had charge of an 
iron manufacturing establisliment; was a member of 
the City Council and over wliich city he presided as 
Mayor; in 1856 returned to New Y'ork, and settled at 
Batavia; was subsequently engaged as a State Com- 
missioner in erecting the buihlings for tlie New York 
.State Institution for the Blind, in liatavia; was also 
the President of a Fire Insurance Company; in 1868 
was elected a Representative from New York to the 
Forty-lirst Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Agriculture. 

Fisher, Joseph "W.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
emigrated to 'Wyoming Territory and sett kid ati 
Cheyenne; in 1871 was api)ointed Uniti'd States Cliief 
Justice of the Supreme Court for tlie Territorj' of 
Wyoming. 



Fisher, Spencer O.; was born at Camden, 
Michigan, February 3, 1843; was chiefly edu<:attd at 
the common schools; attended Albion College one 
year, and HUlsdale College one yeai-; engaged in the 
business of lumbering and banking at "West Bay City, 
Michigan; was Mayor of West Bay City from isSl to 
1884; was a Delegate to the Democratic National 
Convention in 1884; in the same year was elected a 
Representative liom Michigan to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Fisher, S. S.; was Commissioner of the United 
States Patient Olfice from April, 1869, to November, 
1870. 

Fisk, James; wa.s born about the year 1762; re- 
ceived a limited education; studied law, and from 
his superior natural talent, rose to eminence in his 
profession; was a Representative in Congress from 
Vermont from 1805 to 1809, and from IMl to 181.5, 
when he was appointed one of the Judges of the Su- 
preme Coui't of Vermont; was a Senator in Congress 
during the years 1817 and 1818, and resigned; in 
1812 was appointed, by President Madison, Judge of 
the Territory of Indiana, and in 1817 Collector of tlie 
Port of Alburg, which office he held eight years. 
Died December 1, 1844. 

Fisk, Jonathan ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1809 to 1811, and again 
from 1813 to 1815, when he was appointed United 
States Attorney for the Southern District of New 
York. 

Fitch, Asa ; was a Representative in Congiess 
from New Y'ork from 1811 to 1813. 

Fitch, Graham N.; was born in Le Roy, Gene- 
see County, New York, in December, 1810; received 
his education at Middlebury and Geneva, but did not 
gratluate; studied medicine, and was a Medical Pro- 
fessor in the Rush Medical College at Cliicago, Illi- 
nois, li-om 1844 to 1849; in 1844, 1848, and 1856, was 
chosen a Presidential Elector, and in 1836 and 1839 
was elected to the Legislature of Indiana; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from tliat State Irom 1849 to 
18.53; in 1857 was chosen a Senator of the United 
States tor the term ending in 1861, ser\ing as a mem- 
ber of the Committees on PostOflices and Post Roads, 
and on Indian Aliairs; was a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "National Union Convention" of 1866, 
and to the New Y^ork Convention of 1868. 

Fitch, Thomas ; was born in New York City 
January 29, 1838; received liis education at the Wes- 
leyan A('ademy of Massachusetts; while yet in his 
youth was a clerk in New York; worked on a farm; 
went to sea before the mast; was a book-keeper in 
Milwaukee, Wisconsin; after a short mercantile 
career in Missouri, returned to Wisconsin, and edited 
the Milwaukee Free Dcmomil; went to California in 
1860, and became editor of the San Francisco Times; 
also of the Placer\ille Eepuhlican; in 1862 was elected 
to the State Assembly; removed to Nevada Territory 
in 1863, and edited the Virginia Union; in 1864 was 
elected to the first Constitutional Convention of 
Nevada: subsequently settled in Washoe City and 
practiced law; in 1865 was appointed a District At- 
torney; in 1867 settled in Belmont; was elected a 
Representative from Nevada to the Forty-first Con- 
giess, serving on the Committees on Public Lands 
and Post Office. 

Fitts, Oliver ; was a citizen of Missis-sippi; in 
IslO was appoinlcd, by President .Madison, United 
States Judge for the Territory of Mississippi. 



172 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Fitzgerald, Thomas ; was a lawyer by profes- 
sion; served in the War of 1813 under General W. H. 
Harrison; in 184S and 1849 was a Senator in Con- 
gress from Michigan under the appointmept of tlie 
Governor. Died at Niles, Michigan, March'25, 1855. 

Fitzgerald, "William ; was born in Tennessee; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1831 to 1833, and was a member of the Commit- 
tee on Expenditures in the Treasury Department; 
was also Judge of the Circuit Court of Tennessee. 

Fitzhugh, Edward C; was born in Virginia; 
was an early emigrant to Washington Territory, and 
was appointed an Associate Justice of the tfnited 
States Court for that Territory. 

Fitzhugh, Nicholas ; came of a Virginia family; 
became a resident of the District of Columbia soon 
after the removal of the seat of Government to Wash- 
ington; in 1803 was appointed a Judge of the 
Circuit Coui't of the United States for the District of 
Columbia. 

Fitzhugh, William ; was born at " Boscobel," 
Stafford County, Virginia, which estate was held by 
a grant from George 11. ; was a Delegate to the Con- 
tinental Congress trom 1779 to 1780; was an eminent 
citizen of Virginia; died there in 1809, aged eighty- 
three years. / 

Fitzpatrick, Benjamin ; was born in Greene 
County, Georgia, June 30, 1802; having been left an 
orjjhan when quite young, emigrated with an elder 
brother, in 1815, to the valley of the Alabama River, 
near Montgomery, where he resided until his death; 
received as good an education as new countries gen- 
erally afford; studied law, and was admitted to prac- 
tice in 1821; was shortly afterwards elected Solicitor 
of the Judicial District in which he lived; was again 
elected to the same office in 1825, and held it until 
1829; after which his health compelled him to relin- 
quish his profession, and settle upon a farm; w;is a 
Presidential Elector in 1840; in 1841 was elected 
Governor of Alabama; in 1843 was re-elected to the 
same position; in 1852 was appointed a Senator in 
Congress, to succeed W. R. King, which appoint- 
ment was confirmed by the Legislature of his State: 
at the conclusion of that term, in 1855, was elected 
to the same position for the term ending in 18G1; re- 
tired from the Senate in February, 1861, and took 
part in the Rebellion of that year; tor several ses- 
sions he served as President pro tern, of the Senate; 
was a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Nation.al Union 
Convention " of 18iJ(j>. Died in Elmore County, Ala- 
bama, in November, 18(i9 or 1870. 

Fitzsimons, Thomas ; was a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress from Pennsylvania from 1782 
to 1783 ; was a member of the Convention that 
framed the Constitution, and signed that instrument; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1789 to 1795; was a member of the Legislature 
for many years; President of the Philadelphia Cham- 
ber of Commerce and of other local institutions. 
Died in August, 1811, aged seventy years; he was one 
of those who voted for locating the Seat of Govern- 
ment on tlie Potomac; the house of which he was a 
luember gave five thousand pounds to supply the 
army in 1780. 

Flanagan, James W.; was born in Albemarle, 
Virginia, September 5, 18U5; received a good educa- 
tion; removed to Kentucky, wheie he engaged in 
mercantile pursuits; was a Justice of tlie Peace for 
twelve years: in IMW removed to Texas; studied law, 
and entered upon its pia<-tice; was a member of the 



State Legislature in 1851 and 1852; of the Senate in 
1855 and 1856: was an elector in 1857; a member of 
the State Constitutional Conventions of 1866 and 
1868; was elected to Congress for the State at large 
in 1869; elected Lieutenant-Governor in 1869; was 
elected to the United States Senate for the term com- 
mencing in 1870, and ending in 1875, serving on the 
Committees on Mines and Mining, Post Offices, and 
as Chairman of that on Education and Labor. 

Flanders, Alvin ; was born in Hopkinton, New 
Hampshire, in 1825; acquired the trade of a ma- 
chinist in Boston; removed to California in 1851, 
where he engaged in the lumber business until 1858; 
subsequently took part in establishing the San Fran- 
cisco Daily Times, with which he was connected until 
1861 ; during that year was elected to the State Leg- 
islature ; spent two years in the United States Branch 
Mint; in 1862 was appointed Register of the Hum- 
boldt Bay Land Office, which office he resigned; then 
removed to Washington Territory, fiom which he 
was elected a Delegate to the Fortieth Congress. In 
1869 was appointed Governor of Washington Terri- 
tory. 

Flanders, Benjamin F.; was born in Bristol, 
New Hampshire, January 26, 1816 ; graduated at 
Dartmouth College iu 1842; studied law and settled 
in New Orleans ; taught school in that city for a time, 
and became the editor of the r/o^x'c newspaper; served ■ 
as a member of the City Government; was Superin- 
tendent of a public school, and also of a railroad 
company; towards the close of the year 1861 was 
elected, under a new order of things, a Representa- 
tive from Louisiana to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
taking his seat within a fortnight of its final adjourn- 
ment; in 1867 was appointed, by military authority, 
Governor of Louisiana, superseding J. M. Wells, hav- 
ing previously held a special appointment under the 
Treasury Department. 

Flandraw, Charles B.; was born in New York; 
removed to Minnesota Territory; w;is appointed an 
Associate Justice of the United States Coui't for that 
District. 

Plannigan, Harris ; was for many years a lead- 
ing man in the State of Arkansas; a member of the 
last Constitutional Convention; was elected Governor 
of the State iu 1873. Died at Ai'kadelphia, October 
23, 1874. 

Fleeger, G-eorge "W. ; was born in Butler Coun- 
ty, Pennsylvania, March 13, 1839; was educated in 
the common schools and at West Sunbury Academy; 
enlisted in the Union Army in June, 1861, and was 
mustered out as First Lieutenant, March 13, 1865; 
studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1866 and set- 
tled at Butler, Pennsylvania, in the practice of law; 
was a Representative in the Penusylvauia Legislature 
in 1871 and 1872; in 1884, was elected a Representa- 
tive from Pennsylvania to the Forty -ninth Congress. 

Flemming, "William ; was a Delegate from Vir- 
ginia to the Continental Congress from 1779 to 1781. 

Plenniken, Robert P.; was a citizen of Penn- 
.sylvania; in 1847 was appointed CVincr/c f;'.4j?(H>£s to 
Denmark, and remained there until 1849. 

Flenniker, Robert P.; was a native of Penn- 
sylvania: was .appointed a Justice of the United 
States Court for the Territory of Utah, residing .at 
Salt Lake City. 

Fletcher, Isaac ; was formerly a member of the 
Vermont Legislature; was a member of Congress from 
that State from 1837 to 1841. Died at Lyndon, Ver- 
mont, October 19, 1S4'>. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



173 



Fletcher, Richard ; was horn at Cavendish, 
Virmont, Januavy S, 1788; graduated at Dartmouth 
Ciillege in IMUU; studied Uiw with Daniel Webster; 
was admitted to the bar in 1809, settled at Salisbury 
until l.sd.'i, when he removed to Boston; was leading 
counsel tor the Warren Bridge proprietors in their 
famous ease with the Charles Kiver Bridge Company; 
wasoften an antagonistof Webster and Mason, and be- 
eame eminent in all branches of legal practice; wasa 
member of the Massachusetts Legislature; a Kepre- 
sentative in Congress trom 1837 tolSoO; Judge of the 
Supreme Court of Massachusetts from 1818 to 185:!; 
heijucathed one hundred thousand ilollars to Dart- 
mouth College. Died in Boston, June 31, 18U9. Ke- 
eei\'ed from Harvard and Dai'tmouth Colleges the 
degree of Doctor of Laws. 

Fletcher, Ryland ; was born in Cavendish, Ver- 
mont, in 1799; was an unsuccessful candidate for 
Lieutenant-Governor of Vermont in 18.54 and 18.">.5; 
was Governor of that State from 18.16 to 1858; served 
in each branch of the Legislature of Vermont; was a 
Presidential Elector in 18()4. Died at Proctersville, 
Vermont, December, 1885. 

Fletcher, Thomas ; was a member of the Ken- 
tucky Legislature from Montgomery County, in ISOiJ, 
1SU5, and 180(5; was a General in the War of 181-2; 
was a Representative in Congress from Kentucky in 
181()and 1817; again a member of the Legislature in 
1817, 1820, 1821, and 1825. 

Fletcher, Thomas C; was Governor of Missouri 
from 1804 to 1868; in 1875 was Chairman of the Ked 
Cloud Indian Investigating Committee. 

Flood, George H.; was a citizen of Ohio; in 
1810 was appointed Charge d'AJfaires to the Republic 
of Texas, remaining there about one year. 

Florence, Elias ; was horn in Virginia: having 
taken up his residence in Ohio, was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 184:! to 1845. 

Florence, Thomas B.; was horn in Philadel- 
Xihia, Pennsylvania, January 26, 1812; had not the 
benetit of a collegiate education; lor a time devoted 
himself to the occupation of a hatter; published and 
edited for several years a Democratic newspaper; was 
nine years Secretary of the Board of Controllers of 
Public Schools in Pennsylvania; in 1850 was elected 
to Congress, where he served continuously until 1861, 
acting as a member of the Committees on Naval Af- 
fairs and Invalid Pensions; wliile occupying his seat 
as a Representative, established, in Washington, the 
Nalioiuil Danocratic Ileview, and subsequently edited 
the Consiitulional Union in Washington; was a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia " National Union Conven- 
tion " of 1S6G; subsequently established and edited, 
in Washington, a Sunday paper called the Gazette. 
Died in that city July 4, 1S75.; 

Flournoy, Thomas S.; was bom in Virginia; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1847 to 1849; participated in the great Rebel- 
lion. Died March 13, 1883. 

Flo^ver, Ros'well P.; was born in Theresa, New 
York, August 7, 18:!5; engaged in meremtile and 
manufacturing pursuits; removed to New York City 
in 18G9, and engaged in the business of banking; w:is 
elected a Rei>rcsentative from New York to the 
Forty-seventh Congress to fill the vtvcaney caused by 
the resignation of Levi P. Morton; declined a re- 
nomination. 



Floyd, Charles A.; was born in New York; 

served in the Assembly of that State in 18:!6 and 
18.'?8; was a Representative in Congress from ls!41 to 
1843. 

Floyd, John ; was born at Beautbrt, South Caro- 
lina, Octol)er 3, 1769; after the pecuniary losses of his 
father during the Revolution, they removed to (ieor- 
gia in 1791, and by boat-building, near the mouth of 
the St. Ilia River, acquired wealth; was Brigadier- 
General of Militia from August, 1813, to Mareli, 181 1. 
and subsequently Major-General; commanded at tlie 
battle \Nitli the Creek Indians at Autossee, Alaliama, 
November 29, 1813, in which he was severely wounded, 
and at the battle with the Creeks at Camp D ■lianee, 
Alabama, January 27, 1814; .served several terms in 
the State Legislature; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Georgia trom 1827 to 1839. Died in Cam- 
den County, Georgia, June 24, 1839. 

Floyd, John ; was born in Jefferson County, Vir- 
ginia; was a Representative in Congress from \'irginia 
from 1817 to 1829; served many years in the Legisla- 
ture of that State; was Governor of Virginia "from 
1829 to 18:{4. Died at the Sweet Springs in that 
State, August 16, 1837. 

Floyd, John B. ; was born in Montgomery (novr 
Pulaski) County, Virginia, in 1805, and was tlie son 
of John Floyd, formerly a member of Congress; was 
a student at the Georgetown College, District of Co- 
lumbia, but graduated at the State College of South 
Carolina in 1826; from 1836 to 18:;9 resided in .Vrkan- 
sas; li-om 1847 to 1849 served in the Virginia Legis- 
lature; was Governor of Virginia from 1849 to 1852; 
was a Delegate to the Cincinnati Convention of 1856; 
was Secretary of War in the administration of Presi- 
dent Buchanan, and in 18liO caused an extensive 
transfer of arms frona Nortliern to Southern Arsenals; 
was one of the first to join the Rebellion, in wliich he 
took a leading part as a Brig idicr-General; before its 
close became unpopular in the Confederate Army, 
and, after unmilitary conduct at Fort Donelson, was 
forced to retire from the army. Died at Abingdon, 
Virginia, August 27, 1863. 

Floyd, John G.; was a native of New York; 
ser\'ed in the Assembly of toat State; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress ti'ora New York from 1839 to 
1843, and from 1851 to 1853. 

Floyd, William; was born in Suffolk County, 
New York, December 17, 17:^4; was a Delegate to 
the Continental Congress from 1774 to 1783, and 
signed the Declaration of Independence; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from New York from 1789 to 
1791; a Presidential Elector in 1800, 1804, and 1820; 
was for three years a member of the New York State 
Senate; in 1801 was a member of the State Constitu- 
tional Convention. Died in Oneida County, New 
York, August 4, 1821. 

Flugler, Thomas T.; was born in New York; 
served in the Assembly of that Stat« in 1842 and 
1843; was a iiepresentative in Congress from 1853 to 
1857. 

Flye, Edwin ; was born at Newcastle, Maine, 
March 4, 1817; received an academic education; en- 
gaged in mercantile pursuits and sliip building; w:a 
a member of the State House of Representatives in 
1858; was, for many years. President of the First Na- 
tional Bank of Damariscotta; was a Delegate to tlie 
Republican National Convention of 1876; w;is elected 
a Kepreseutalive from Maine to the Forty-fourth 
Congress, to till the vacancy caused by the resigna- 
tion of J. G. Blaine. 



174 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Fogg, George G-.; was born in Mereditli, Bel- 
knap County, New Hampshire, May 36, 1815; gradu- 
ated at Dartmouth College in 1839; soon afterwards 
became Principal of the Hebron Academy; was sub- 
sequently Professor of English Literature in the New 
Hampion Academical Institution, studying law at 
the saijie time; after a course of study at the Cam- 
bridga i.aw School, was admitted to the bar in 1842; 
after p.acticing for some years in Gilmanton, was, in 
1846, elected to the State Legislature, and soon after- 
wards Secretary of State, when he became editor of 
the Independent Dnnocnit; in 1855 was appointed Re- 
porter of the Decisions of the Supreme Judicial Court 
of the State, which position he resigned in 1859; in 
1856 was appointed Cleric of the Congressional Com- 
mittee sent out by the House of Representatives to 
Kansas; was a Delegate to the " Buftalo Free Soil 
Convention" of 1848; the "Pittsburg Convention" 
of 1852; the " Philadelphia Republican Convention " 
of 1856, and to the "Chicago Convention " of 1860; 
was a member of the Republican National Committee 
from 1856 to 1864, and Secretary of tliat Committee 
during the canvass for the election of President Lin- 
coln in IHtiO; in 1861 was appointed, by President 
Lincoln, Minister Resident to Switzerland, returning 
in November, 1865; in 1866 was appointed a Senator 
in Congress from New Hampshire in the place of D. 
Clark, resigned, serving on the Committees on Foreign 
Relations, Claims, and Revolutionary Claims; was a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1866. 

Foley, James B.; was bornin Kentucky; having 
taken up his residence in Indiana, was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from tliat State in 1827, and 
was a member of tlie Committees on Agriculture and 
Expenditures in the Post Office Department. 

Polger, Charles J.; was born at Nantucket, 
Massachusetts, April 16, 1818; removed to Geneva, 
New York, in 1830; received an academic and col- 
legiate education, graduating from Geneva (now Ho- 
bart) College in 1836; studied law; was admitted to 
the bar in 1839, and practiced until 1869; in 1844 
was appointed first Judge of the Court of Common 
Pleas of Ontario County ; was elected County Judge of 
Ontario County in 1851; was elected a State Senator 
in 1861, and was four times re-elected; resigned in 
1869 and was appointed United States Assistant 
Treasurer at New York City; was elected Associate 
Judge of the State Court of Appeals in 1870, and 
served utitil 1880; was then appointed Cluef Judge 
of that court, and, in the same year, was elected to 
that position; resigned in 1881 on being appointed 
Secretary of tlie United States Treasury; was an 
unsuccessful candidate for Governor of New York 
in 1882. Died September 4, 1884. 

Folger, "Walter ; was born at Nantucket, Mas- 
sachusetts; was a direct descendant of Beujamin 
Franklin; was a member of the Massacliusetts Senate 
from 1809 to 1815, and also in 1822; was a Kepie- 
sentative in Congress from that State from 1817 to 
1821. 

Follett, John F.; was born in Franklin County, 
Vermont; removed, with his parents, to Ohio, when 
five years of age, locating in Licking County; was 
reared on alarm; was self-educated; graduated from 
Marietta College, Ohio, in 1855, with first hon(U-s of 
his class; studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1858; was elected a Representative in the State 
I,egislatuve in 1865, and re-elected in 1868; in the 
latter year was nominated for the Speakership by 
acclamation, and was elected; removed to Cincinnati 
the same year, continuing the practice of his profes- 



sion; in 1879 received the degree of LL.D. from 
Marietta College; in 1882 was nominated by accla- 
mation, and was elected a Representative from Ohio 
to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Folsom, G-eorge ; was bom in Kennebunk, 
Maine, May 23, 1802; graduated at Harvard College 
in 1822; studied law, and settled in Framingham, 
Massachusetts; resided for a time in Worcester, and 
removed to New York in 1837; was Librarian of the 
New York Historical Society, and in 1841 edited a 
volume of " Dutch Annals, " and several other pub- 
lications; in 1844 was elected to the State Senate and 
was cx-officio member of the Court of Errors; in 1850 
was appointed Charge d^ Affaires to the Hague; on his 
return was President of a savings bank, and of the 
American Ethnological Society, and a Director in the 
Institution for the Deaf and Dumb. Died in Rome, 
Italy, March 27, 1869. 

Folsom, Nathaniel ; was born in Exeter, New 
Ham])shire, in 1726; commanded a company at Fort 
Edward in 1755; distinguished himself in the action 
with Dieskau; commanded a regiment of militia be- 
fore the Revolution, and served as Brigadier-General 
of the New Hampshire forces, during the siege of 
Boston, until relieved by Sullivan, July, 1775; was 
a Delegate to the Continental Congi-e.ss in 1774, 1775, 
1777, 1778, 1779, and 1780; was a Councilor in 1778; 
was President of the Convention which framed the 
Constitution of New Hampshire in 1783. Died at 
Exeter, May 26, 1790. 

Foot, Samuel A.; was born in Cheshire, Con- 
necticut, November 8, 1780; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1797, and commenced the practice of law in 
his native town; was chosen a Representative in 
Congress from Connecticut in 1819, 1823, and 1833; 
was Speaker of the Connecticut House of Represent- 
atives in 1825 and 1826; was a Senator in Congress 
from 1827 to 1833, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Pensions; in 1834 was elected Governor of 
tlie State; in 1844 was a Presidential Elector; died 
September 16, 1846. It was he who offered, on the 
floor of Congress, the famous resolutions upon which 
was founded the great debate between Hayne and 
Webster. 

Foot, Solomon ; was born in Cornwall, Addi- 
son County, Vermont, November 19, 1802; graduated 
at Middleijury College in 1826; was for one year the 
Principal of Castleton Academy, and for a time a 
tutor in the University of Vermont, and Professor of 
Natural Philosopliy in the Vermont Academy of 
Medicine; studied law and came to the bar in 1831, 
settling in Rutlaud, where he afterwards resided; 
was a member of the Vermont Legislature in 1833, 
1836, 1837, 1838, and 1847; was Speaker of the 
House during his last three terms; in 1836 was a 
member of the Convention for altering the State 
Constitution; was a State Attorney from 1836 to 
1842; was a Representative in Congress from 1843 to 
1847; was elected a Senator in Congress trom Ver- 
mont for the term commencing in 1851 and ending in 
1857, serving on the Committees on Foreign Rela- 
tions, and the Pacific Railroad, and as Chairman of 
the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds; 
was re-elected for the term ending in 1863; also for a 
third terra ending in 1869, continuing at the head 
of his old committee, and as a member of those on 
Foreign Relations, Pensions, and Commerce; was a 
member of the National Committee a])pointed to ac- 
company the remains of President Lincoln to Illi- 
nois; during a part of the Thirty-sixth, the whole of 
the Thirty-seventh, and a part of the Thirty-eighth 
Congresses, was President ^ro lem. of the Senate; was 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



175 



a delegate to the "Baltimore Convention" in 18G4. 
Died in Washington, March 98, 1866, deeply la- 
mented. 

Poote, Charles A.; was born in New York; was 
a Representative in Congiess from tliat State from 
1823 to 1825. Died in Delaware t'ounty, August 1, 
1828. 

Foote, Henry S.; was born in Fauquier County, 
Virginia, Septemlier 20, 1800; was educated at 
Washington College, in that State; studied law, was 
admitted to the bar, and settled in Alabama in 1824; 
in 1826 removed to Mississippi, and there continued 
the practice of his profession; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1814; in 1847 was elected a Senator in 
Congress, where he remained until 18.52, ofiiciating 
as Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Kelations; 
was elected Governor of Mississippi in 1852; subse- 
quently spent a few years in California; in 18.59 was 
a member of the Southern Convention, lield at Knox- 
ville, Tennes.see: during his life tbuglit three duels; 
identified himself with the gre.at Kelx-llion, and was 
a, member of the Confederate Congress; after the re- 
turn of peace published "The War of the Kebellion;" 
subsequently resided in Washington City, and ])ub- 
lished a volume of his "Personal Recollections of 
Public Men." 

Foote, Lucius H.; was born at Winfield, Her- 
kimer County, New York, April 10, ls26: was edu- 
cated at Knox College, Illinois, and Western Keserve 
College, Ohio; left before graduating, but subse- 
quently received the honorary degree of A. M. ; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 185:!; in that 
year removed to Sacramento, California; was Judge 
of the Municipal Court from 1854 to 1860; in 1861 
was appointed, by President Lincoln, Collector of 
tie Port of Sacramento; was Adjutant-Cieneral of the 
Stat^ from 1872 to 1876; was a Delegate to the 
Republican National Convention of 1876; was ap- 
pointed United States Consul at Valparaiso, Chili, in 
1879; was Acting C/iarr/c il' Afnircs to Chili in 1882; 
in 1883 was appointed Envoy Extraordinary and 
Minister Plenipotentiary of the United .States to 
Corea, and, as .such, exchanged the ratifications of 
the first treaty witii tiiat country. 

Foote, Thomas M.; w.as born in 1809; received 
a good edircation, and prepared himself lor the med- 
ical profession; wa.s, for many years, the proprietor 
and editor of the Buftalo .Commcrcial-Adeertiser; in 
1849 was appointed Charge d' Affaires to New Gren- 
ada: in 1852 was appointed to the same position 
m ar the government of Austria. Died at Bufl'alo, 
1 -l.ru.ary 20, 18.58. 

Foraker, Joseph Benson ; wasborn in TTighland 
Cottnty, Ohio. ,Iuly 5, 1816: was reared on his father's 
farm; his early education was acquired in tlie com- 
mon schools of liis native county; in July, 1862, en- 
listed in the Union Army: was commissioned Second 
liieutenant in .Jatuuiry, 1863. and First Lieutenant 
in February, 1864, in September, 18()4, was aj)- 
pointed A<ljut;int, and transferred to the Stall'; in 
the same month was detailed as Acting Signal Ofiicer; 
in March, 1 ird'y, was commissioned a Captain, by brevet, 
"for meritorious services;" was honorably mustered 
outofthe service in .June. 1865; returned to his home 
at Salem, Ohio, and attended school there a short time; 
tlien attended the Wesleyau University, at Delaware, 
Ohio, (or two veal's; from there went to Cornell 
University, from which institution he graduated, in 
the cla.ssical coui-se, in .July. 1869; studii-d law while 
attending the University and in the law oUice of 
Judge James Sloane, in Cincinnati; was a<imittcd to 



the bar, at Cincinnati, in 1869, and at once entered 
upon the practice of law there; in April, 1879, was 
elected Judge of the Superior Court of Cincinnati; in 
1883 was elected Governor of Ohio. 

Foran, Martin A. ; wa.s born in Susquehanna 
County, Pennsylvania, November 11, 1844; was 
reared on a farm; learned the coojjer's trade; received 
a common school and collegiate education; taught 
school lor two years; served in the Union Army from 
1861 to 1865; after variou.s vicissitudes, settled in 
Cleveland, Ohio, in 1868, in the prosecution of his 
trade; initiated the movement which resulted in the 
formation of a Coopers' Union, the scope of which he 
afterwards widened until it became an international 
organization, of which he was, for several years, the 
President; in 1873 was a member of the State Con- 
stitutional Convention; in 1874 was admitted to the 
bar and engaged in the practice of law; was City 
Prosecutor from 1875 to 1877; was an unsuccessful 
candidate for Police Judge in 1881; was elected a 
Representative from Ohio to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Forbes, James ; was a Delegate from Maryland 
to the Continental Congiess from 1778 to 1780. 

Forbes, John M.; was a citizen of Florida; w.as 
sent as Secretary of Legation to Buenos Ayres in 
1823; was commissioned as Charijc d' Affaires in 1825. 
Died at his post, June 14, 1831. 

Ford, George; was born at South Bend, St. Jo- 
seph County, Indiana, January 11, 1846; received a 
common school education; studied law; was admitted 
to the bar, and engaged in practice at South Bend; 
was Prosecuting Attorney at South Bend from 1875 
until 1885, when he resigned, having been elected a 
Representative from Indiana to the Forty-ninth Con- 
gress. 

Ford, James ; served two years in the Pennsyl- 
vania Legislature; was a Reprcscnt;itive in Congress 
from Pennsyhania from 1829 to 1833; his lite was 
honorably interwoven with the history of his State. 
Died at Lawrenceville, Penns\'lvauia, August, 1859, 
aged seventy-si.x years. 

Ford, Nicholas ; was born in Ireland; emigrated 
to the United States in 1848; engaged in mercantile 
pursuits at SI. .loseph, Missouri; w:is elected a Rep- 
resentative from Jlissouri to the Forty-sixth and 
Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Ford, Seabury ; was born in Pomfret, Connec- 
ticut, October 15, 1801; graduated at Yale College in 
1825; studied law, and was admitted to practice in 
Burlington; served several terms in the State Legis- 
lature, and was, at difterent times. Speaker in eacli 
branch; w;is Governor of Ohio in 1848 and 1850 and 
Major General of Militia. Died at Burton. Olro 
May 8, 1855. 

Ford, Thomas ; in 1804, while he was yet a 

child, his parents emigrated to Illinois; studied and 
pnicticed law; was a Judge of the Superior Court of 
the State; «as tlie author of a Ilislory of Illinois 
from 1818 to 1847; was Governor of the State from 
1842 to 1846. Died in Peoria, January, 1851. 

Ford, Thomas H.; was elected Government 
Printer for the House of Representatives in 1860. 

Ford, ^Villiam D.; was born in Providence, 
Rhode Island; .served in the New York Assembly in 
1816 and lf^l7; was a Representative in Congress from 
that St,ate from 1819 to 1821. 



176 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Forester, John B.; was born in Tennessee; was 
a Representative in Congi-ess IVom that State from 

1833 to 1837, and was a member of the Committee on 
Claims. Died Angust 31, 1845. 

Forker, Samuel C; was born In Mount Holly, 
New Jersey, March 16, 1821; received a common 
school education; was Cashier of the Bordentown 
Banking Company; was elected to the Forty-second 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Revolutionary 
Claims. 

Fornance, Joseph ; was bom in Pennsylvania, 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1839 to 1841. 

Forney, Daniel M. ; was born in Lincoln County, 
Korth Carolina, May, 1784; during tlie last war with 
England served as" Major in the State Line; was 
a Representative in Congress from North Carolina 
fi-omlSl.Tto 1818, and iu"l8:20 was appointed Com^ 
missioner to treat with the Creek Indians; from 1823 
tol82(!wasa member of the State Legislature; in 

1834 removed to Lowndes County, Alabama, where 
■he died in October, 1847. 

Forney, John W.; was born in Lancaster, Penn- 
sylvania, September 30, 1817; acquired the art of 
printing, and took charge of the Lancaster Jntelli- 
geneer as early as 1840; in 1845 removed to Phila- 
delphia, where he edited the Pennstilvnnian until 
1851; from that year until 1855 was Clerk of the 
United States House of Representatives, and at the 
same time conducted the Union newspaper; in 1857 
returned to Philadelphia and establisheil the Press: 
was again made Clerk of the House of Representatives 
from i8o!» to 1861; soon afterwards established the 
Chronicle in Washington City, and at the same time 
continued to edit the Press in Philadelphia; was 
Secretary of the United States Senate from 1861 until 
18(i8; subsequently spent several years in Europe, and 
did much by his pen to promote the success of the 
Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia. 

Forney, Peter; was born in Lincoln County, 
North Carolina, April, 1756; was a ixatriot and .soldier 
of the Revolution; served as a member of the State 
Legislature for several years; was a Representative 
in Congress from North Carolina from 1813 to 1815; 
served as an Elector on the Presidential tickets of 
Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, and Jackson. Died 
Eebruary 1, 1834. 

Forney, ■William H.; was born in Lincolnton, 
North Carolina, November 0, 1823; removed to Ala- 
bama, with his parents, in 1835; graduated at the 
LTniversity of Alabama in 1844: served as a Lieu- 
tenant of Volunteers in the war with Mexico; studied 
law and i^rarticed the prol'ession for twenty-five years; 
in 18511 was elected to the State Legislature; served 
in the Confederate Army during the Reliellion, rising 
to the rank of Brigadier-General; in 1865 was elected 
a State Senator; in 1874 was elected a Rei)resentative 
ftom Alabama to the Forty-fourth Congress; was re- 
elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-si.\th, Forty-seventh, 
Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Forrest, Thomas ; was born in Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania; was a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1819 to 1821, and again from 1822 to 
1823, for the unexpired term of William ililner. 
Died March 20, 1825. He was elected to Congress by 
a majority of one. 

Forrest, Uriah ; was a General in the Revolu- 
tionary War; lost a leg at the battle of Brandywine; 
was wounded at the battle of Germantown, from the 



effects of which he never recovered; was a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress from 1786 to 1787; was 
Representative in Congress from Maryland during 
the years 1793 and 1794, and resigned. Died at his 
country seat near Georgetowu, District of Columbia, 
in 1805. 

Forsyth, John ; was bom in Fredericksburg, 
Virginia, October 2, 1780; gi-aduated at Princeton 
College in 1799; removed, with his father, to Charles- 
ton, South Carolina, and afterwards to Augusta, 
Georgia; studied law, and from 1802 to 1808 distin- 
guished himself at the Georgia bar; in 1808 was A1> 
torney-General of the State; was a Representative in 
Congress from Georgia from 1813 to 1818, and from 
1823 to 1827; a Senator in Congress during the years 
1818 and 1819, and irom 1829 to 1837, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Commerce; Governor 
of Georgia in 1827, 1828, and 1829; Minister to Spain 
from 1819 to 1S22; was Secretary of State under Pres- 
ident Jackson, in which position he was continued by 
President Van Buren until the end of his administra- 
tion; his superior abilities were universally acknowl- 
edged, and the dignity and elegance of his manners 
a<lded much to his popularity. Died in Washington 
City, of bilious fever, October 21, 1841. 

Forssrthe, Albert P.; was born at New Rich- 
mond, Ohio, May 24, 1S30; was educated in the com- 
mon schools, antl at Asbury University; was raised 
a farmer and continued in that occupation; was a 
First Lieutenant in the Union Army during the War 
of the Rebellion; was elected Master of the Illinois 
State Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry in 1875, 
and again in 1878; was elected a Representative from 
Illinois to the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Fort, George F.; was Governor of New Jersey 

from 1851 to 1854. 

Fort, Greenberry Ij.; was born in Ohio, Octo- 
ber 17, 1825; removed to Illinois in 1834; was reared 
on a farm; was admitted to the bar; elected Sheriff, 
Clerk of Circuit Court, and County Judge; volun- 
teered in the army in 1861, and was mustered out of 
service in 1866; in 1866 was elected to the State Sen- 
ate; was elected to the Forty -third Congre-ss, serving 
on the Committee on Territories; re-elected to the 
Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, and Forty-sixth Congresses. 
Died January 14, 1883. 

Fort, Tomlinson ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Georgia from 1827 to -1829; was at one 
time a member of the Legislature of Georgia; prac- 
ticed the profession of medicine; was President of 
the Central Bank of Georgia from 1832 until his 
death, which occurred May 11, 1859, aged seventy- 
t wo years. 

For-ward, Chauncey ; was born at Old Gran by, 
Connecticut, and was the younger brother of Walter 
Forward; about the year 1800 removed to Ohio with 
his father; was educated at Jefferson College; studied 
law, and came to the bar in Pittsburgh, Pennsyl- 
vania; in 1817 settled in Somerset, in that State; was 
frequently elected to the State Legislature, serving 
in both liouses; in 1825 was elected a Representative 
in Congress for an unexpired term, and was twice re- 
elected, serving until 1831; never quitted politics, 
nor ceased to practice his profession, but late in life 
took a special interest in matters connected with the 
Baptist Church, and became a very popular and 
successful preacher. Died at Somerset, October, 
1839. 

For-w^ard, Walter; was born in Connecticut in 
1786, Avhere he received a liberal education; removed 
to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in 1803, and studied 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



177 



law; in 1805 became editor of tlie paper calleil the 
Tree of JJInrlt/: tVoin 180() to 1822 was engaged -i! 
the practice of law, and, as a pleader, had few equals; 
in 1822 was elected to Congress from Pennsylvania 
as a Representative, where lie continued till JIarcli, 
1825; in 1837 bore a prominent part in the Pennsyl- 
vania Convention to reform the State Constitution: 
in March, 1841, President Harrison appointed him 
First Comptroller of the Ti'easury, which post he 
held until appointed, by President Tyler, Secretary 
of the Treasury ; on retiring from President T;\"ler's 
Cabinet, resumed and continued his practice at the 
bar, until appointed, by President Taylor, Char(/e 
d' Affaires to Denmark, where he spent se\eral years, 
resigning his position to return home in order to ac- 
cept the otSce of I'resident Judge of the District 
Court of Allegheny County, to which he had been 
called by popular election. While in Court, em- 
ployed in his judicial duties, he was suddenly taken 
ill, and died in forty-eight hours, at Pittsburgh, 
Pennsylvania, November 24, 1852. 

Fosdick, NicoU ; was born in New London, Con- 
necticut, November 9, 1785, of direct Puritan stock; 
in 180!) removed to Herkimer County, New York: 
in 181G wasa Presidentud Elector; in ISIS a mem- 
ber of the Legislature of New York; again in 1819, 
and declined a re-election; was a Kepresentativefrom 
New York in the Nineteenth Congress; returned to 
his native place in 184.3; from 1849 to 1853 was Col- 
lector of Customs for the District of New London. 
Died in New London, May 7, 1868. 

Foster, Abiel ; was born in Andover, Massachu- 
setts, August 8, 1735; graduated at Harvard Univers- 
ity in 1756; studied theology, and was pastor for 
eighteen years of the Congregational Church in Can- 
terbury, New Hampshire; in 1780 was a Representa- 
tive to the General Court; was a Delegate li-om New 
Hampshire to the Continental Congress from 1783 to 
1785; was present at Washington's resignation of the 
command of the army at Annapolis; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from New Hampshire from 
1789 to 1791; was again a Representative in the I^eg- 
islature and a Delegate to revise the State Constitu- 
tion; was a member of the State Senate from 1793 to 
1794, and in both years was President of that body; 
was again elected to Congress fi-om 1795 to 1803. 
Died at Canterbury, February 6, 1806. 

Foster, A. La'wrence ; was born in New Y'ork ; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1S41 to 1843. 

Foster, Cassius G.; wa.s born at Webster, Mon- 
roe County, New York, .lanuary 22, 1837; his father, 
who was a farmer in good circumstances, died in 
1840; four years later tlie widow re-married, and the 
step-father w;us not an exception ' to the rule, so it 
was a great relief to young Foster when, his mother 
having died, he was, at the age of ten years, sent to 
live with his guardian, a farnu^r residing in Michi- 
gan; his distaste for farm duties became apparent at 
an early age, and developed with his advance toward 
manhood; he attended the High School at Adrian, 
Michigan, for several terms, and then taught a dis- 
trict school for two terms to replenish his exhausted 
exchequer; in 1856, at the age of nineteen, he began 
the study of law, but, his health failing, he soon 
after retiirned to his birthplace, in Monroe County, 
New York; in 1857 resumed liis law studies at Roch- 
ester and Le Roy, New York; in February, 1859, 
•was admitted to the bar of the New York Supreme 
Court; in June of that year he removed to Kans;is, 
and settled at Atchison, where he soon established 
himself in a good practice; during the Civil War he 

12 



served with the State troops, and on the staff of Gov- 
ernor Carney, in protecting the frontier against bu.sh- 
whackei-s and the invasion of the Confederate forces; 
was a State Senator in 1863 and 1864; in 1807 was 
elected Mayor of Atchison; in 1874 was appointed, 
by President Grant, United States District Judge 
for the District of Kansas; in 1879 took up his lesi- 
dence^n Topeka, Kansas. 

Foster, Charles; was born in Seneca County, 
Ohio, April 12, 1828; received a common school anil 
academic education; engaged in mercantile pursuits 
and in banking; was elected a Representative from 
Ohio to the Forty-second, Forty-third, Forty-Fourth, 
and Forty-tilth Congresses; was elected Governor of 
Ohio in 1879 and re-elected in 1881. 

Foster, D'wight ; was born in Brookfield, Mas- 
sachusetts, December 7, 1757; graduated at Brown 
University in 1774; practiced law at Brookfield; was 
County Sherifl' and Judge and afterwards Chief Jus- 
tice of Common Pleas; was for some years a member 
of the House and Senate of Massachusetts; was a 
member of the Executive Council of Massachusetts; 
on the death of his father was chosen to supply his 
place in the Convention lor framing the State Consti- 
tution in 1779; a Representative in Congress from 
1793 to 1799, and United States Senator from 1800 to 
1803, when he resigned. Died in Brookfield, April 
29, 1823. 

Foster, Ephraim H.; entered public life when 
quite young; in 1829 was Speaker of the House of 
Representatives of Tennessee; in 1837 was elected to 
the United States Senate, but in 1839 resigned his 
seat because he could not obey the instructions of the 
State Legislature; inl843 wasre-electeiUbrtwo years; 
on his return from Washington was a candidate for 
Governor, but failed of an election. Died at Nash- 
ville, September 4, 1S54. 

Foster, Henry A.; was born in New York; 
served in the Senate of that State from 1831 to 1S34, 
and from 1841 to 1844; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1837 to 1839; was a Sen- 
ator in Congress during the years 1844 and IS 15, by 
appointment of the Governor; was subsequently a 
J udge of the Supreme Court of New York. 

Foster, Henry Donnel ; was born in Mercer, 
Pennsylvania, December 19, 1812; received a liberal 
education; studied law; was elected to the Twenty- 
eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses; was elected to 
the Legislature of Pennsylvania in 1846 and 1847; 
was the Democratic candidate for Governor of Penn- 
sylvania in 1860; was elected to the Forty-second 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Claims. 

Foster, Jedediah. ; was born in Andover, Mas- 
sachusetts, October 10, 1726; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1744; was a lawyer by profession; was 
a member of the Worcester Convention of 1774, and 
soon after chosen to the provincial Congress, of 
which he was an active and useful member; about 
the same time was electeil a Councilor; in 1776 was 
appointed a Judge of the Superior Court; was lor 
many years a Judge of Probate, and also of the 
Court of Common I'leas; was also a nu^mber of the 
Convention which formed the Constitution of .Ma.ss;i- 
chusetts. Died October 17, 1779. 

Foster, John 'W.; was born in Pike County, In- 
diana, March 2, 1836; graduated at tlie Indiana 
State University in 1855; studied law at the Law 
School of Harvard University; was admitted to the 
bar and commenced pr;u;tice at Evansville, Indiana; 
served in the Union Army throughout the War of the 



178 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Kebellion, rising to the rank of Colonel and Brevet 
Brigadier-General; at the close of the war became the 
editor of the Daily Journal, at Evansville, Indiana; 
in 1K69 was appointed Postmaster at Evansville; was 
Chairman of the Republican State Committee in 
1873; in 1873 was appointed United States Minister 
to Mexico; in 1880 was transferred to St. Petersburg, 
as Minister to Russia; resigned in 1881 and r(^umed 
the practice of law, locating at Wsishington, District 
of Columl)ia; in February, 1883, was appointed 
United States Minister to Spain. 

Foster, La Fayette S.; was born in Franklin, 
New London County, Connecticut, November 22, 
180(); graduated at Brown University in 1828; stud- 
ied law, and came to the bar in 1831; was a member 
of the General Assembly of Connecticut in 1839 and 
1840, in 1846, 1847, and 1848, and 1854; was Speaker 
of the House in 1847, 1848, and 18.54; Mayor of the 
City of Norwich for two years, in 1850 and 1851 ; in 
1850 received the degree of LL.D. from Brown Uni- 
versity; was chosen a Senator in Congress for the 
term commencing in 1855 and ending in 1861 ; serv- 
ing as a member of the Committees on Public Lands, 
Pensions, and tlie Judiciary; in 1860 was re-elected 
for tlie term ending in 1867, and during the Thirty- 
seventh and Tliirty-eighth Congresses was Chairman 
of the Committee on Pensions, and a member of the 
Committees on Revolutionary Claims, Private Land 
Claims, Indian Affairs, and Foreign Relations; at 
the extra se-ssion of the Senate, in 1865, was chosen 
President pro tern, of that body, the death of Abra- 
ham Lincoln and the elevation of Andrew Johnson 
to the Presidency making him Acting Vice-President 
of the United States; during the subsequent recess, 
as a member of tlie Special Committee of the Senate, 
visited some of the Indian tribes west of the Missis- 
sippi; in 1869 w:is elected Professor of Law in Yale 
College, and in 1870 to a seat on the Bench of the 
Supreme Court of Connecticut. 

Foster, Nathaniel G-.; was born at "The Fork," 
in (iieene County, Georgia, August 25, 1809; gradu- 
ated at Franklin College in 1820; read law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1831, and settled in Madison, 
Georgia, where he obtained a high reputation as an 
advocate .and jury lawyer; served three years as So- 
licitor-General of the Ocmulgee Circuit, five years in 
the State Senate, and one year in the House; was a 
Representative in the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Foster, Stephen C; was born in Machias, 
Maine, December 24, 1799; commenced life as a 
blacksmith; later in life became a lumber-merchant 
and ship-builder; was in the Maine Legislature from 
1834 to 1837, again in 1840, when he was President 
of the Senate, and again in 1847; was elected to Con- 
gress from Maine in 1856, serving through the Thirty- 
fifth Congress as a member of the Committee on Man- 
nfactures; became President of the Washington Agri- 
cultural Society of his native State; was re-elected 
to the Thirty-sixth Congi-ess; was a member of the 
Peace Congress of 1861. 

Foster, Theodore ; was born in Massachusetts 
in 1752; graduated at Browu University in 1770; was 
a Senator in Congress from Rhode Island from 1790 
to 1803. Died in 1828, aged seventy-six years. 

Foster, Thomas F.; was born in Greensbor- 
nugh, Georgia, November 23, 1790; graduated at 
Franklin College in 1812; read law at liome, and at 
Litchfield, Connecticut, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1816; was for many years a member of the Georgia 
Legislature; was a Representative in Congress from 
CJeorgia from 1829 to 1835, and again from 1841 to 
,1843. Died in 1847. 



Foster, "Wilder D.; was born in Orange Cotmty, 
New York, January 8, 1819; received a common 
school education; went to Michigan in 1837 a.s an ap- 
prentice to the tinner's trade; carried on general 
hardware business in Grand Rapids; was City Treas- 
urer and Alderman of that city; in 1854 was elected 
Mayor; was elected State Senator for 1855 and 1856; 
again elected Mayor in 1865 and 1866; was elected 
to the Forty -second Congress to fill a vacancy, and 
was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Pnblio Expenditures. 

Fouke, Philip B.; was born in Kaskaskla, Illi- 
nois, January 23, 1818; was chiefly self-educated; 
was first a clerk and then a civil engineer; in 1841 
established a paper called the Belleville Advocate, 
which he printed and edited for four years; then 
studied law, and after being admitted to practice, in 
1846 was elected Prosecuting Attorney for his dis- 
trict, and was re-elected; in 1851 was elected a mem- 
ber of the Illinois Legislature; in 1856 was again 
elected Prosecuting Attorney; in 1858 was elected a 
Representative from Illinois to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Public Ex- 
penditures; re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
but served as Colonel of Volunteers in 1861, resign- 
ing his commission in 1862. 

Fo'wler, John; was a soldier in the War of the 
Revolution; attained the rank of Captain; was a 
member of Congress from Kentucky from 1797 to 
1807. Died at Lexington, Kentucky, August 22, 
1H40, aged eighty -five years. 

Fowler, Joseph Smith ; was born in Steuben- 
ville, Ohio, August 31, 1822; graduated at Franklin 
College in 1843, in which institution he was a Pro- 
fe.ssorof Mathematics for four years; commenced the 
study of law in Kentucky, but removing to Tennes- 
see, was admitted to the bar in that State; when the 
Rebellion broke out, he warmly espoused the Union 
cause; in September, 1861, left the State under the 
forty days' proclamation of Jeft'erson Davis, and re- 
sided in Springfield, Illinois, until April, 1862; ou 
his return was Comptroller of Tennessee under Gov- 
ernor Johnson, and took a leading part in organizing 
the Union party and re-organizing the State Govern- 
ment; in 1865 was elected a Senator in Congress from 
Tennessee for six years, but was not admitted to his 
seat until July, 1866; was a Delegate to the Phil.a- 
delphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866; and the 
committees upon which he was placed in the Senate 
were those on Manufactures, Territories, Foreign 
Affairs, Pensions, and as Chairman of that on En- 
grossed Bills. 

Fowler, Orin; was born at Lebanon, Connecti- 
cut, July 29, 1791 ; graduated at Yale College in 
1815; studied theologj' under Dr. Dwight; made an 
extensive missionary tour in the Valley of the Mis- 
sissippi, and in 1819 settled as pastor in Plainfield, 
Connecticut; was twenty years a pastor at Fall 
River, which he represented in both branches of the 
Legislature for several years; was a Representative 
in Congress from 1849 to the time of his death, which 
occurred in Washington, September 3, 1852; replied 
to Mr. Webster's speech of IMarch 7, 1850, and was 
an opponent of intemperance and slavery; published 
"A Treatise on Baptism," in 1835, and| "Historical 
Sketch of Fall River," in 1841. 

Fo'wler, Samuel ; was born in New Jersey in 
1779; was a distinguished member of the medical 
profession; was a Representative in Congress from 
New Jersey, from 1833 to 1837. Died in Sussex 
County, New Jersey, February 21, 1844. 



BIOGKAnnCAL ANNALS. 



179 



Fox, Edward ; was born in Maine, and was a 
resident of Porilaiid: in ISKH was appointed United 
Stales Jndge lor tlie District of Maine. Died sud- 
denly, December 14, 1881. 

Fox, Gustavus Vasa; was born in Saugns, 
MiLssadnisetts, June V.i, 1821; entered the Navy as 
Midsliipman in ISoS, and remained in tlie service for 
nineteen years; in 1S56 wont into tlie mannfacturing 
business at Lawrence; wlien hostilities commenced, 
in 1861, was assigned tlie duty, by President Lin- 
coln, of supplying Fort Sumter with provisions; soon 
afterwards entered the Navy Dei)artiiieiit as Assist- 
ant Secretary, where he remained until 18(j(j, wlien 
he resigned: in an official capacity was sent to Rus- 
sia to deliver in person tlie Kesolutions of Congress 
passed upon tlie escape ol' the Emperor from assas- 
sination ; on his return to the United States resumed 
his old business of Mauulaeturing in Ma.ssachasetts. 

Fox, John ; was born in the city of New York in 
1835: received a common school education; was bred 
a mechanic; was elected an Alderman in the City 
Councils; also held the office of Supervisor; in 1866 
was elected a Representative from New York to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Post Offices and Post Eoads, and Invalid Pensions; 
re-elected to the Forty -first Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Mileage and Enrolled Bills. 

Franchot, Richard; was born in Morris, Ot- 
sego County, New York, in 1816; received an Eng- 
lish education; served as a civil engineer for seven 
years; subsequently turned his attention to larming; 
was President of the Albany and Susquehanna Rail- 
road Company; was elected a Representative from 
New York to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving 
on the Committees on the District of Columbia and 
the Pacific Railroad. Died at Schenectady, Novem- 
ber 23, 1875. 

Francis, John Brown ; was bom in Philadel- 
phia, May 31, 1791; graduated at Brown University 
in 1808; losing his father in infancy, was reared by 
his maternal grandfather, Nicholas Brown, one of 
the founders of Brown University; acquired a mer- 
cantile education at Providence, and attended the 
Litchfield Law School; in 1821 settled at Spring 
Green as an agriculturist; was a member of the State 
Legislature from 1821 to 1829; State Senator in 1831; 
Gtovernor from 1833 to 1838; State Senator in 1S42; 
United States Senator in 1841 and 1845; State Sen- 
ator again from 1849 to 1856; Trustee in Brown Uni- 
versity from 1828 to 1857; Chancellor from 1841 to 
1854. Died at Warwick, Rhode Island, August 9 
1864. 

Francis, John M.; was born at Prattsbnrgh, 
Steuben County, New York, March 6, 1823; received 
a common school and academic education; learned 
the printer's trade; was editor of the Wayne Sentinel, 
at Palmyra, New York, from 1843 to 1845; studied 
law; was, for a short time, editor of the Rochester 
fNew York) Dailu Adverti.ier; editor of the Troy 
(New York) J)ail>/ Budget from 1846 to 1848; in 1851 
established the Daiti/ Times at Troy, New York, and 
continued the controlling owner and editor of that 
journal after his withdrawal irom its active manage- 
ment; was a Delegate to the State Constitutional 
Convention of 1867; was appointed United States 
Minister to Greece in 1871; resigned in 1873; was a 
Delegate to the Republican National Convention of 
1880; was appointed United States Minister to Portu- 
gal in 1882. 



Francis, "William H.; was horn at South Nor- 
walk, Connecticut, August 29, 1839: was educated at 
the village school in South Norwalk, at Schenck's 
Military Academy, at Danliury, Connecticut, and at 
Oberlin College, Ohio; .studied law; was admitted to 
the bar in .June, 186.5, and was in tlie active praotics 
of law in Newark, New Jersey, until August, 1882; 
from 1861 until 1882 took a prominent part in New 
.lersey politics and was a member, and for some time 
chairman, of the Young Men's Central Club and the 
Republican Central Committee of Newark, and of the 
Esse.x County, New Jersey, Republican Committee; 
was Corporation (City) Counsel of Newark, New 
Jersey, from 1S71 to 1875; represented Essex County 
in the New Jersey Senate in 1879, 1880, and 1881; 
in May, 1881, as one of the Delegates from New 
Jersey, attended the unveiling of a monument to 
commemorate the battle of the Cow Pens, at Spar- 
tansburg, South Carolina, (on the one hundredtli an- 
niversary of the battle) and on that occasion delivered 
the oration in behalf of the States of New York, New 
Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware; in 1882 was 
appointed Receiver of the United States Land Office 
at Bismarck, Dakota Territory; July 5, 1884, was 
appointed, by President Arthur, Associate Justice of 
the Supreme Court of Dakota Territory. 

Frank, Augustus ; was born in Warsaw, Wy- 
oming County, New York, July 17, 1826; early be- 
came engaged in mercantile pursuits, to which he 
was devoted for many years; in 1852 was elected a 
Representative from New York to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the Committee on 
Patents; re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving on the Committees on the Library and on 
Mileage; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, when he was made Chairman of the Committee 
on the Library, serving also on the Committee on 
Mileage, and the Select Committee on the Bank- 
rupt Law; was also a Delegate to the State Constitu- 
tional Convention of 1867. 

Frankain, Benjamin ; was born in Boston, Jan- 
uary 17, 1706; after various vicissitudes, when seven- 
teen years of age went to Philadelphia, and beaime 
a printer; with the help of Governor Sir William 
Keith, \dsited England, where he remained nearly 
two years; on his return became a clerk; then en- 
gaged in business on his own account; in 1732 com- 
menced the publication of "Poor Richard's Alma- 
nac," which he continued until 1737; after that es- 
tablished a newspaper; held the various offices of 
State Printer, Clerk of the General Assembly, and 
Postmaster of Philadelphia; was the father and pa- 
tron of the Philosophical Society, and of the Penn- 
sylvania University and Hospital; in 1741 published 
the General Magazine; in 1744 w.as elected to the 
Provincial Assembly, holding the office ten years; in 
1758 concluded a treaty with the Indians at Carlisle; 
in the following year was sent to Albany, New York, 
to meet a Congress of Commissioners to arrange means 
of defense against the French and Indians; subse- 
quently became Postmaster-General of America; was 
sent to England as an advocate and agent for the 
province on two occasions, remaining there eleven 
years; on the breaking out of the Revolution returned 
to America, and took an active and important part 
in public affairs; was a signer of the Declaration of 
Independence; a Delegate to the Continental Clon- 
gress in 1775 and 1776; in 1778 wiis sent to France in 
a diplomatic capacity, where he remained until 1785; 
was next elected (Jovernor of Pennsylvania, and was 
a member of the Convention which formed the Fed- 
eral Constitution, and signed that instrument; the 
qualities of his mind were reuiarkal)Iy versatile, but 



180 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



he stood pre-eminent as a philosopher and benefactor 
ofmankinil: he made important discoveries in elec- 
tricity ; wrote and published much on a variety of 
themes, and his "Life, Writings, and Correspond- 
ence," issued in ten volumes, are an important 
feature in all the best libraries of the country. Died 
April 17, 1790. 

Franklin, B. J.; was born in Mason County, 
Kentuckv; was educated at Bethany College, West 
Vii-'ania-" subsequently taught school; studied law, 
and on coming to the bar settled at Leavenworth, 
Kansas; in 1860 removed to Missouri; served in the 
Confederate Army as a Captain; in 1871 was elected 
Circuit Attorney for the Twenty-fourth Circuit ot the 
State; in 1874 was elected a Representative from 
Missouri to the Forty-fourth Congress; was re- 
elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Franklin, Jesse; was born in Surry County, 
North Carolina, in 175S; served with credit in the 
Revolutionary War, as a Major; was a member of the 
House of Delegates of that State in 1794; represented 
tHat State in Congress from 1795 to 1797, and then 
returned to the Legislature; li-om 1799 to 1805, and 
from 1807 to 1813, was JJnited States Senator, offici- 
ating in the Eighth Congress as President pro iem. of 
the Senate; having been superseded by F. Locke, in 
1811;, was appointed, by President Madison a Com- 
missioner to treat with the Chickasaws; in 18-^0 was 
elected Governor of North Carolina. Died in Surry 
County, in 1823, aged sisty-five years. 

Franklin, John R.; was born in Worcester 
County, Maryland, May 6, 1820; graduated at Jef- 
ferson"' College, Pennsylvania, in 183(i; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1811; served in the 
State Legislature of Maryland in 1843, and also in 
1849, when he was elected Speaker; in 1851 was 
chosen President of the Board of Public Works of 
ti e State; was a Representative in Congress from 
M;irylandfrom 1853 to 1855. 

Franklin, Meshack ; was a Representative in 
Congress from North Carolina fr'om 1807 to 1815; 
ser\ed in the House of Commons of that State in 
1W)0; in the State Senate in 1828 and 1829; was a 
member of the Executive Council of North Carolina, 
and a Delegate to the Convention for revising the 
State Constitution. Died in Surry County, Decem- 
ber 18, 1839. 

Franklin, 'Walter S.; was born in Pennsylva- 
nia; in 1833 was elected Clerk of the N:'tional House 
of Representati\ es, in which office he remained until 
1838. 

Fraser, Philip ; was born in Pennsylvania; 
adojited the profession of the law and settled at 
.Jacksonville, Florida; in 1862 was appointed United 
Slates Judge for the Northern District of Florida. 

Frazier, ■William C; was a citizen of Lancas- 
ter, Pennsylvania, where he was born in 1776; was 
appointed an Associate Justice of the Territory of 
WisconsLQ. Died at Milwaukee, October 18, 1838. 

Frederick, Benjamin Todd ; was born at 
Fredericktown, Columbiana County, Ohio, October 
5, 1833; received a good education; settled at Mar- 
shalltown, Iowa, aiul engaged in the business of 
manufacturing; served three terms as a member of 
liie City Council and three terms as a nuimber of the 
School Board of Marshalltown; in 1882 Avas elected 
a Representative from Iowa to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress, but only secured his seat on March 3, 1885, 
after a contest; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 



Freedley John ; was born in Norristown, Mont- 
gomery County, Pennsylvania, May 22, 1793; com- 
menced life as a brickmaker; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1820; entered extensively into 
various kinds of business, especially that ot quarry- 
in.'- marble, and was successful; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Pennsylvania from 1847 to 
1851. Died December 8, 1851. 

Freeman, Chapman; was born in Philadel- 
phia Pennsylvania, October 8, 1832; graduated at 
the high schocd of his native city in 1850, having 
been advanced six months for proliciency; began the 
studv of law, but relinquished it to engage in mer- 
cantile pursuits; entered the navy as Assistant Pay- 
master in 1863, and was attached to the blockading 
squadrons in the North Atlantic- and the Gulf of Mex- 
ico- was on board of the Iron Age at the time of her 
destruction off the coast of North Carolina; was on 
special duty during the attacks on Newberne, Little 
Washington, and Plymouth in 1864; in the latter 
year resigned on aceoiint of ill health; resumed the 
study of law, came to the bar, and practiced in Phila- 
delphia; was a Commissioner from that city to the 
Austrian Exposition in 1873; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-fourth Con> 
gress; re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congi-ess. 

Freeman, Constant; was born in Massachu- 
setts; in 1816 was appointed Fourth Auditor of the 
Treasury, at that time called "Accountant of the 
Navy; " in 1817 received the title of Auditor, and 
served as such until 1824. 

Freeman, James C; was born in Jones County, 
Georgia, xVpril 1, 1820; received a common school 
education; was a planter; was a Union man before, 
during, and since the war; never held any office until 
elected to the Forty-third Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Land Claims. 

Freeman, John D.; was born in New Jersey; 
removed to Mississippi; was elected a Representative 
in Congress from that State fr-om 1851 to 1853. 

Freeman, Jonathan ; was a Representative in 
Congress tiom New Hampshire from 1797 to 1801 ; 
from 1789 to 1797 was a State Councilor; from 1793 
to 1808 was one of the Overseers of Dartmouth Col- 
lege. Died in 1808, aged sixty-three years. 

Freeman, Nathaniel; was born at Dennis, 
Massachusetts, in April, 1741; graduated at Harvard 
University; studied medicine; was a patriot in the 
Revolutionary War; performed various services in 
the Legislature and as a Brigadier-General of Militia j 
was also a Judge of Probate for forty -seven years, 
and a Judge of the Common Pleas for thirty years; 
was twice married and had twenty children; was a 
member of Congress from Massachusetts from 1795 to 
1799. Died September 27, 1820. 

Freeman, Samuel ; was born in Portland, Prov- 
ince of Massachusetts, June 15, 1743; was active and 
zealous in the Revolutionary struggles; in 1774 was 
Secretary of the Cumberland County Convention; 
member of the Provincial Congress in 1775; of the 
Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1776 and 
1778; in 1775, on the re-organization of the Courts, 
was appointed Clerk, and held that office forty-five 
years; was Register of Probate until commissioned 
Judge in 1804, continuing until 1820; Postmaster of 
Portland from 1776 to 1805; an efficient friend of 
Bowdoin Cdllege; published "Town Officer," Ameri- 
can Chrks' M(ujuzine, " The Massachusetts Justice," 
8vo, 1803; "Probate Directory," 1803; and edited, 
the Journal of Rev. Thomas Smith in 1821. Died iii 
Portland. September 2, 1831. 



BIOGUAl'HICAL ANNALS. 



181 



Frelinghuysen, Frederick ; was liorn in New 
Jersey, A|iril 13, 1753; graduated at. Priiieeton Col- 
lege in 1T70; wlien tweuty-two years of age was 
sent to the Continental Congress; as Captain of a 
Volunteer Corps of Artillery was at tlie i)attles of 
Trenton and Monmouth, and it is said tliat it was tie 
■who killed Rhalle, the Hessian commander at Tren- 
ton ; was a Si-nator in Congress from 1793 to 1796, 
when he resigned on account of domestic 1)ereave- 
ments; he stood among the first at the bar of New 
Jersey, aiul held various State and County offices. 
Died April 13, 1S04. 

Frelinghuysen, Frederick T.; was born at 
Millstown, Somerset County, New Jersey, August 4, 
1817: the nephew and adopted son of Tlieodore Fre- 
linghuysen; graduated at Rutgers College in 1836; 
studied law, and came to the bar in 1839; was ap- 
pointed Attorney-General of New Jersey in 1861, and 
re-appointed in 1866; was subsequently appointed a 
Senator in Congress from New Jersey for the unex- 
pired term of William Wright, deceased, serving on 
the Committees on the Judiciary and Pensions; in 
Jannaiy, 18G7, his appointment as Senator was con- 
firmed by the election of the Legislature; his term 
terminated in 1869; was re-elected to the Senate for 
the terra ending in 1875, serving on the Committees on 
Foreign Relations and the Judiciary, and as Chair- 
man of the Agricultural Committee; in 1870 was ap- 
pointed Minister to F.ngland, but declined; was re- 
elected to the Senate for the unexpired term ending 
in 1877; in 1881 was appointed Secretary of State in 
the Cabinet of President Arthur. Died May 20, 1885. 

Frelingiiuysen, Theodore ; was born in Mills- 
town, Somerset County, New Jersej', March 28, 1787, 
and was the son of Frederick Frelinghuysen, of the 
Continental Congress; graduated at Princeton Col- 
lege, Nassau Hall, in 1804; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1808; was Attorney-General of 
New Jersey from 1816 to 1829; a Presidential Elector 
in 1829; a Senator in Congress from New Jer- 
sey, from 1829 to 18.35; was Chancellor of the Uni- 
versity of New York from 1839 to 1850, when he re- 
signed ; while in that position was the candidate of 
the Wliig party, for Vice-President upon the ticket 
with Henry Clay; in 1850 was elected President of 
liiilgers College, where he officiated until his death, 
devoting nuuli of his time and means to the benevo- 
lent and ediiealional interests of his native .State, of 
New York, aM<l of tlie Union; resided for many years 
at Newark. Nevv .leisey, and was Mayor of that city 
in 1837 and lti3H; also served as President of the 
American Ti'inperance Union, of the American Tract 
Society, tlie lloBid of Foreign Missions, and of the 
.\ineiic;in HiMu .Society, during his residence in New 
York. In the clinrcli, he was ibr many veal's recog- 
nized .IS a great leader, in all the moral movements 
of the country, and was universally lieloved. He 
liad a rare eonimand of thought and language, and 
was considered an eloiiuent speaker. Died at Nevv 
Brunswick, New Jersey, Ajiril 12, 1862. 

Fremont, John Charles ; was born in Savan- 
nal). (ieorgia, January 21, 1813; his father was an 
emigrant Irom France; received a good education, 
though left an orphan at four years of age: at the age 
of seventeen graduated at Ciiarleston College; from 
teaching matheniaties turned his attention to civil 
engineering, and wjis recoiumeniled to the (iovern- 
ment lor employment in the Mississippi .Survey; 
was afterwards em]>l<)yed at Washington in con- 
structing maps of that region: having received the 
commission of a Lieutenant of Kngine«'rs, proposed 
to the Secretary of War to penetrate Uu- Kocky 
.Mountiiins; his plan w;is approved, and in 1842, 



with a few men, he explored the South Pass; im- 
patient of quiet, he planned a new expedition to the 
Territory of Oregon; approached the Kocky Moun- 
tains by a new line, scaled the summits south of the 
South I'ass, deflected to the Gieat Salt Lake, and 
connected his survey with thatof Wilkes's ExpUriig 
Expeilitiou; also in another expedition revealed the 
grand features of Alia California, its gre.at basin, the 
Sierra Nevada, the valleys of the San .Joaquin and 
Sacramento, and established the geography of the 
western portion of the continent; in August, 1S44, 
was planning a third expedition, while writing the 
history of the second, and before its publication, in 
1845, was again on his way to the Pacific, collecting 
his mountain comrades, to examine in detail the 
Asiatic slope of the continent, which resulted in giv- 
ing a new volume of science to the world, and Cali- 
fornia to the United States; after the conquest of 
California, in which he bore a p.'irt, was the victim of 
a quarrel between two American commanders, and 
wa.s stripped of his commission by court-martial; the 
President re-instated him, but lie declined returning; 
he determined to retrieve his honor; one line more 
would complete his survey — the route for a great road 
from the JIis,sissippitoSan Francisco; again appeared 
in the Far West; reiitted his expedition, and started 
again; pierced thecountry of the Apaches; met, awed, 
or defeated sav.ige tribes, and in a hundred days IVom 
Santa Fe stood on the banks of the Sacramento; the 
people of California reversed the judgment of the 
court-martial, and he was made the frr-st Senator of 
thetiolden State, serving from 1849 to 1851; was sub- 
sequently, in 1856, a candidate for President, in 
opjiosition to Mr. IJuchanan, but was defeated; in 
1861, entered the Union Army as a Major-Genera! ; by 
the "Cleveland Convention" of 1864 was again nomin- 
ated for the office of President of the United States, 
but was again defeated. 

French, A. C; was born in New Hampshire; 
after graduating at Harvard University, removed to 
Illinois and entered into the public service of that 
State in 1835; was alawyer by profession; waslbr.sev- 
eral j'cars the President of the Board of Trustees of 
McEndree College, and Professor of Law in that insti- 
tution; was Governor of Illinois from 1846 to 18.53. 
Died in Lebanon, Illinois, September 4, 1864. 

French, Benjamin B.; was born in New Hamp- 
shire; removed to Washington City, and becameinlc^r- 
ested in politics; in 1845 was elected Clerk of the 
House of Representatives, and held the position until 
1847; was greatly distinguished as a member of the 
Masonic Fraternity; in 1853 was appointed (commis- 
sioner of Public Buildings in Washington, serving in 
that capacity many years. Died in Washington. 

French, C. E. G-.; was an early emigrant to Cali- 
fornia; was appointed from that State, in 1875. Chief 
Justice of the United States Court lor the Territory 
of Utah. 

French, Charles Grafton Wilberton ; was 
bore at Berkelej', Bristol County, Ma.ssachusetts, 
August 22, 1820; received a classical education, grad- 
uating from Brown University, I'rovidenee, Rhode 
Island, in 1842; taught school: studied law; was ad- 
mitted to the bar at New Bedford, Ma.ssachusetts. ill 
1818, and coiiiiuenced jiractiee at Boston, in that 
State; removed to Caliliirnia in 1851, and practiced 
tor a time in Placer County, subsequently settling in 
Sacramento County, iu tlie practice of his profession: 
was, tor many years. Trustee of the Stale Library; 
w:us a Representative in the State I^-gi.slature in 
l'<72; in 1875 was appointed Chief .Justice of the .Su- 
|irenie Court of Arizona, and was re-appointed in 
1 880. 



182 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



French, Ezra B.; was born in New Hampshire; 
received acommon school education; settled in Maine; 
became Secretary of State of Maine; was a Represent- 
ative from Maine to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serv- 
ing as a member of the Committee on Manufactures ; 
was also a member of the Peace Congress of 1861; 
was appointed, by President Lincoln, Second Auditor 
of tlie United States Treasury; ^rved until his death, 
April 24, 1880. 

Frencli, Henry Flagg ; was born at Chester, 
New Hampshii-e, August 14, 1813; received an aca- 
demic education; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1834; engaged in the practice of law at 
Chester; was County Solicitor from 1838 to 1848; in 
1841 removed to Portsmouth, and In 1842 to Exeter, 
New Hampshire; was Bank Commissioner from 1848 
to 1852; was Justice of the Court of Common Pleas 
from 1855 to 1859; in the latter year, opened a law 
office in Boston, Massachusetts; removed his family 
to Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1860; was appointed 
Assistant District Attorney for Suffolk County in 
1862, and held the office until 1865, when he was 
elected the first President of tlie Massachusetts Agri- 
cultural College; removed to Amherst, where the col- 
lege was established in September, 1865; being una- 
ble to organize the college in accordance with his 
ideas of wliat such an institution should be, he re- 
signed, in October, 1866, and resumed tlie practice of 
law in Boston; in 1867 purchased a farm at Concord, 
Massachusetts, where he took up his residence, prac- 
ticing his profession in Boston; in 1876 wa.s appointed 
Assistant Secretary of the United States Treasury, at 
Washington, and continued in that office under suc- 
cessive administrations; received the degree of M. A. 
from Dartmouth College in 1852, and, in 1861, was 
elected a member of the Phi-Beta-Kappa Society of 
that institution; has always taken a deep interest in 
Agriculture; was President of the Rockingham Agri- 
Cultural Society from 1852 to 1859; was, for many 
years, a regular contiibutor to several agricultural, 
at\il horticultural papers and magazines; in 1857 pub- 
lislied a ti-eatise on "Farm Drainage." 

French, John R.; was born in Gilmanton, New 
Hampshire, May 28, 1819; was apprenticed to the 
printing business; published for five years the Herald 
Of Freedo ii: edited tor two years the Ea-ttern Journal, 
in Maine; lemoved to Ohio in 1854, and there edited 
newspapers called the Telegraph, tlie Prms, and the 
Cleveland Leader; was elected to the Ohio Legisla- 
ture in l>i58 and 1859; in l.-*61 was appointed a Gov- 
ernment Clerk in Washington; in 1864 a Tax Com- 
missioner for North Carolina; was a Delegate to the 
State Constitutional Convention of 1867; was elected 
a Representative from North Carolina to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on the War De- 
partment. 

French, Richard; was a native of Kentucky; 
was a lawyer by profession; became a prominent 
Judge in that State, and the town of Frenchburg 
was named for him; was a member of tlie Legislature 
from Clark County in 1820 and 1822; a Presidential 
Elector for Jackson in 1829; was a Kejiresentative in 
Couiiress from 1835 to 1837; and again from 1847 to 
to 1849. 

French, Theophilus; w;vs a resident of Ohio; 
was Commissioner of Railroads in the Department of 
the Interior from July, 1878, to February, 18S2. 

Frey, Joseph ; was born in Pennsylvania; w,%sa 
Representative in Congress from that .State, from 1827 
to 1831. 



Frick, Henry; was born in Northumberland 
County, Pennsylvania, in 1795; was educiited as a 
printer; became an editor of a newspaper at Milton; 
served for three sessions in the State Legislature ; was 
a Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania at 
the time of his death, which occurred at Washington 
City, March 1, 1844. 

Fries, George; was born in Pennsylvania; re- 
moved to Ohio; was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State fiora 1845 to 1847, and for a 
second term ending in 1849. Died November 13, 
1866. 

Fromentin, Eligius ; was a Senator of the 
United States from Louisiana from 1813 to 1819; in 
1821 was Judge of the Criminal Court of New 
Orleans, and was appointed Judge of tlie Western 
District of Florida; soon resigned his office and re- 
turned to the practice of law at New Orleans. Died 
of the yellow fever, October 6, 1822. 

Frost, G-eorge ; was born April 26, 1720; in 

1740 left the counting-house of his uncle. Sir Wil- 
liam Pepperrill, atKittery Point, Maine, and entered 
one of his vessels as supercargo, following the sea for 
about twenty years; becoming a partner with Gen- 
eral Richards of London, sailed to and from that 
part; about 1760 returned and resided at New Castle 
lor four years ; then removed to Durham; was .Judge 
of the Court of Common Pleas of Stafford County, 
from 1773 to 1791; was for many years Chief Justice; 
was a Delegate to the Continental Congress from 
1777 to 1779, and Councilor from 1781 to 1784. Died 
June 21, 179(). His father was a commander in the 
Royal Na\^ of England. 

Frost, Joel; was born in New York; ser\ed in 
the State .^sembly in 1806 and 1808; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from that State trom l8i.! to 
1825. 

Frost, Richard Graham ; was born at St. 

Louis, -Missduri, December 29, 1851; received a col- 
legiate education; adopted the profession of the law; 
was an unsuccessful candidate for Congress in 1876; 
was elected a Representative from Missouri to the 
Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Frost, Rufus S.; was born in Marlborough, New 
Hampshire, July 18, 1826; removed to Boston in 
1838; was educated in the public schools and at 
Newton Academy; began mercantile life as a clerk, 
and entered the dry goods commission business, 
which he followed successuiUy ; was elected Mayor 
of Chelsea in 1867, and re-elected in 1868, with only 
five votes against him; was state Senator in 1871 and 
1872; was a member of the Governor's Council in 
1873 and 1875; was tor many years a Director of the 
North National Bank of Boston, and a Trustee of the 
Boston Five Cent Savings Bank; built a fire-proof 
building in his native town, placed in it a library of 
valuable books, and presented it to the town, with 
the condition that it should be for the free use of the 
inhabitants; in 1874 was elected a Representative 
from Massachusetts to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Fry, Jacob, Jr.; was a native of Pennsylvania; 
was elected a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1835 to 1839; was at one time Auditor- 
General of the State. Died at Norristown, Pennsyl- 
vania, November 28, ISlili. 

Frye, "William P.; was born in Lewiston, Maine, 
September 2, 1^31; graduated at Bowdoin College in 
1850; studied and practiced law; was a member of 
the State Legislature in 1861, 1862, and 1867; Mayor 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



183 



of Lewiston in 1866 and 1867; Attorney-General of 
the State in 1867, 1868, and 1869; was elected to the 
Forty-second and two succeeding Congresses, serving 
on several committees, and as Chairman of that on 
the Library; was a Delegate to the Republican Na- 
tional Conventions of 1872, 1876, and 1880; was re- 
elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty- 
seventh Congresses; was elected United States Sen- 
ator from Maine, fof the term ending in 1883, to fill 
the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of James 
G. Blaine; was re-elected for the full term of six 
years. 

Pulkerson, Abram; was born in Washington 
County, Virginia, in May, 1834; graduated at the 
Virginia Military Institute; adopted the profession 
of the law; served in the Confeder.ate Army from 
1861 to 1865, rising to the rank of Colonel; was 
elected a Representative in the State Legislature in 

1871 and 1873, and a State Senator in 1877 and 1879; 
was elected a Representative from Virginia to the 
Forty-seventh Congress. 

Fuller, Bartholomew ; was burn in North Car- 
olina; in 1859 was appointed, from that State, Fifth 
Auditor of the Treasury, serving as such until 1861. 

Fuller, Benoni Stinson ; was born in Warrick 
County, Indiana, November 13, 1825; w:rs reared on 
a farm; received a common school education; after 
reaching his twenty-lirst year became a school- 
teacher; in 1856 was elected a County Sheriff, and 
re-elected iu 1858; in 1862 was elected to the State 
Senate, serving four years; in 1866 and 1868 elected 
to the lower house of the Legislature; in 1870 and 

1872 to the Senate for a second and third term; was 
then elected a Representative from Indiana to tbe 
Forty-fourth Congress; re-elected to the Forty-fifth 
Congress. 

Fuller, George ; was born in Pennsylvania, and 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1843 to 1845. 

Fuller, Henry M. ; was born in Bethany, Wayne 
County, Pennsylvania, January 3, 1820; graduated 
at Nassau Hall, Princeton, in 1839; studied law and 
was admitted'to the bar in 1842; in 1848 was elected 
to the Legislature of Pennsylvania; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from that State from 1851 to 
1853, and from 1855 to 1857. Died in Philadelphia, 
December 26, 1860. 

Fuller, Jerome ; was an early emigrant to Min- 
nesota; in 1851 was appointed Chief Justice of the 
United States Court for that Territory. 

Fuller, Philo C; was a member of the New 
York Assembly in 1830; a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1S33 to 1837; the Second 
Assistant Postmaster-General from 1841 to 1843; 
Comptroller of New York in 1851. Died at Geneva, 
August 16, 1855. 

Fuller, Thomas J. D.; was born in Hardwick, 
Caledonia County, Vermont, March 17, 1808; was 
left an orphan wlien seven years of age; spent his 
boyhood and youth upon a farm ; on attaining man- 
hood, studied and adopted the profession of the law: 
■was admitted to the bar in 1833; removing to Maine 
was elected State Attorney for his county for three 
years; was elected a Representative from Maine to the 
Thirty-first, Thirty-second, Thirty-third, and Thirty- 
fourth Congresses, serving as an active member of 
the Committee on Commerce; in 1857 was appointed, 
by President Buchanan, Second Auditorof the Treas- 
ury, which otticc he helil until 1861. Died near 
Upperville, Virginia, February 13, 1876. 



Fuller, Timothy ; was born at ChUmark, Mar- 
tha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, July 11, 1778; grad- 
uated at Harvard University in 1801 ; was a member 
of the Massachusetts Senate from 1813 to 1817; 
Speaker of the Lower House in 1825; again a State 
Representative in 1831; a State Councilor in 18:U; 
was a Representative in Congress from Massachusetts 
from 1817 to 1825. Died at Groton, Massachusetts, 
October 1, 1835, aged fifty-seven years. He w.as the 
father of the distinguished authoress, Sarah Margaret 
Fuller. 

Puller, William E.; was born at Howard, Centre 
County, Pennsylvania, March 30, 1846; removed to 
Iowa in his youth; was educated at the Upper Iowa 
University and the Iowa State University, graduat- 
ing from the Law Department of the latter in 1870, 
as the valedictorian of his class; engaged in the 
practice of law; in 1866 and 1867 was employed in 
the office of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs in 
the Department of the Interior, at AVashington City; 
was a Representative in Iowa Legislature in 1876 
and 1877, and w;is one of the most active members 
of that body, as well as a leading member of its 
.Judiciary Committee; was several times a member of 
Republican State and Congression.al Committees; re- 
sided at West Union; in 1884 wius elected a Repre- 
sentative from Iowa to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Fuller, "William K.; was a member of the As- 
sembly of New York in 1829 and 1830; at one time 
Adjutant-Genenal of tbe State Militia; from 1833 to 
1837 a Representative in Congress. 

Fullerton, David; was born in 1771; was for 
several years a member of the Legislature of Penn- 
sylvania; represented that State in Congress from 
1819 to 1820, when he resigned. Died at Green- 
castle, Pennsylvania, February 1, 1843. 

Pulton, Andrew S. ; was born in Virginia; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1847 to 1849. 

Pulton, John H.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1833 to 1835. Died at Ab- 
ington, January 28, 1836. 

Fulton, 'William S.; was born in Cecil County, 
Maryland, June 2, 1795; graduated at Baltimore Col- 
legein 1813, and commenced the study of law with 
William Pinckney, but before coming of age served 
with great credit in a Volunteer company, which w;is 
assigned to the defence of Fort McIIeury; w;us aid to 
Colonel Armistead, taking charge of his company 
during the illness of that comnuinder, and returned 
with it to the city of Baltimore; after peace was re- 
stored in 181.5, removed to Tennessee with his father's 
family, and resumed the study of law with Felix 
Grundy; in 1818 volunteered with the Na.shville 
Guards, and was Private Secretary to General .fack- 
son during the Florida campaign; settled in Alabama 
in the practice of law; in 1829 was appointed, by 
President Jack.son, Secretary of the Territory of Ar- 
kansas, and in 1835 Governor of the same, which 
office he held until that Territory was admitted iuto 
the Union a.s a State, when he was elected a S('nat<)r 
from Arkansas, serving from 1836 to 1844. Died at 
Rosewood, near Little Rock, Arkansas, August 15, 
1844. 

Punston, Edward H.; was born in Clark Coun- 
ty, Ohio, in 1836; was reared on a farm; his early 
education was acquired in the common schools; after- 
wards attended the academy at New Carlisle, Ohio, 
and, later, the .Marietta (Ohio) College: in 1861 
entered the Union Army as a Lieutenant in the Six- 



1«4 



1 ; 1 ( ) I ; 1 ; A P H I C A L a N N A L .s . 



teenth Battery of Ohio Volunteers and served 
throughout tlie Civil War; in 18G7 removed to Kan- 
sa-s and settled on a farm near Tola; was a Repre- 
sentative in the Kansas Legislature in 1873, 1874, 
and 1875, and in the latter year was Speaker of the 
House; in I860 was eleeted a State Senator, and was 
made President of the Senate pro tempore; March 1, 
1884, was elected a Kepresentative from Kansas to 
the Forty-eighth Congress, to fill a vacancy, and the 
same year was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Con- 
gress. 

Pumass, R. "W.; was Governor of Nebraska from 
1873 to 1875. 

Fyan, Robert "W.; was born in Bedford County, 
Pennsylvania. Jlareh 11, 1835; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1857; in 1858 removed to Mis- 
souri and settled in Webster County in the practice 
of law; .served in the Union Army during the Civil 
War, rising to the rank of Colonel; at the close of the 
war was appointed Circuit Attorney of tlie Fourteenth 
Judicial Circuit of Missouri; in 1866 was elected 
Judge ol' that circuit, and was re-elected in 1863, 
1874, and IssO; was a member of the State Constitu- 
tional Convention of 1875; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Missouri to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

y Gadsden, Chi-istopher ; was born in Charles- 
ton, Snuth Carolina, in 1724; elected to the New 
York Congress of 1765, to petition against the Stamp 
Act; was a Delegate from that State to the Continent- 
al Congress from 1774 to 1776; during the siege of 
Charleston, in 1780, was taken prisoner and contined 
for some months at St. Augustine; a parole was 
ofiered him, which he declined; on his release by ex- 
change, was elected Governor of the State, but de- 
clined to serve on account of liis age. Died August 
■J8, 1805. His grand.son, l>earing tlie .same name, was 
the third Episcojial Bisliop of S >uth Carolina. 

Gadsden, James; ^vas Itorn in Charleston. 
South Carolina, May 1.5, 1788; graduated at Yale- 
College in 1806; engaged in commercial pursuits till 
the War of 1812, when he was Lieutenant of Engineers, 
and served in Canada; was contidential aid to General 
Jackson after the war, and accompanied him in the 
Seminole War in 1818, in which he distinguished 
himself and was made Captain, having charge of the 
construction of works for the defense of the Gulf 
frontier; on October 19, 1820, was appointed Inspect- 
or General of the Army, with rank of Colonel; after 
the reduction of the army in 1822, was relieved, and 
assisted Mr. Calhoun, Secretary of War, for several 
months; then became a planter in Florida; was a 
member of the Territorial Council, and as Commis- 
sioner efl'ected a treaty tor the removal of the Semi- 
nolesfrom Northern to Southern Florida; was after- 
ward occupied in commerce and rice culture near 
Charleston; was ai)pointed Minister to Mexico in 
1853, and negotiated the " Gadsden Purchase," now 
known as Arizona, for ten million dollars. Died in 
Charleston, December 26, 1858. 

Gage, Joshiia ; was a meniber of the Legislature 
from 1805 to isijs, in 1-^13, 1814, 1x20, ami 1-<21; a 
]?epresentative in Ctingress from Massachusetts from 
1817 to 1819; was a State Councilor in ls22 and 
1823. 

Gaillard, John; was a Senator of the United 
States from South Carolina from 1804 to ]82(); voted 
for the War of 1812; was repeatedly called to pre- 
side over the Senate in the absence oi th<i V"ice-Presi- 
dent. Died at Washington, February 2i;, 1826. 



Gaillard, Theodore ; was one of the earliest 
Judges of the United States Circuit Court, having, 
in 1801, been appointed Chief Justice of the Fitth 
Circuit; in 1813 w.is appointed, by President Jefl'er- 
son, a District Judge of the United States lor Louis- 
iana, thereby making a transfer of position which is 
not common among the Judiciary. 

Gaines, John P.; was born in Kentucky; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1847 
to 1849; was subsequently appointed Governor of 
Oregon Territory; served as a Major in the Mexican 
War as Aid to General Scott, and suffered imprison- 
ment. Died in Oregon in 1858. 

Gaither, Nathan ; was born at Columbia, Ken- 
tucky, in 1785; adopted the medical profession; was 
a member of theState Legislature from Adair County 
in 1815, 1816, 1817, and 1818; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1829; was elected a Representative from 
Kentucky to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second 
Congresses; was a member of the Constitutional Con- 
vention of the State in 1849; was again a Presidential 
Elector in 1861. 

Galbraith, John ; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was bred a lawyer; served several terms in the Legis- 
lature of Pennsylvania; was a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1833 to 1837, and 
again from 1839 to 1841. Died at Erie, June 15, 
1860, while holding the office of United States Presi- 
dent Judge for the Sixth District of Pennsylvania. 

Galbraith, "William J.; was born at Freeport, 
Pennsylvania, February 18, 1837; received a classical 
education, graduating frOTU Dartmouth College, New 
Hampshire, in 1857; studied law at Pittsburgh, 
I'ennsylvania, and was admitted to the bar in that 
city in 1861; served as an officer in the LTnited States 
Signal Corps from 1861 to 1864; engaged in the prac- 
tice of his profession; removed to Iowa; in 1879 was 
appointed an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court 
of the Territory of Montana, and was re-appointed 
in 1883. 

Gale, George ; was a Representative in Congress 
from .Maryland from 1789 to 1791; w;js one of tho.se 
who voted to locate the Seat of Government on the 
Potomac. 

Gale, Levin; w.as born in Maryland; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1827 
to 1829. 

Gale, William H.; was appointed an Associate 
Justice of the United States Court for the Territory 
of Colorado. 

Gale, Joseph ; -was born in Eckington, England, 
April 10, 1786; his father, bearing the same name, 
was a printer, a personal friend of the poet Jlont- 
gomery, and after coming to Philadelphia in 1792, 
became the first reporter of proceedings in the 
American Congress, and in 1799 founded the Raleigh 
Kegisler in North Carolina; the son went with his 
father to Raleigh; obtained a good education, acquired 
the art of stenograpliy, and a knowledge of printing 
alV.iirs; went to Washington City in 1807, and joined 
as an assistant in the Inlclligcnccr, which was a new 
name for the Gazetteer, established! by the father in 
Philadelphia, and was removed with the Government; 
liecame one of the proprietors in 1809, and from tliat 
time until his death, in conjunction with his brother- 
in-law, William W- Seaton, was the ruling spirit of 
the great journal known to the world as T/ic Xational 
Inlellificneer; also held many local offices of trust and 
lionor, and was repeatedly chosen Mayor of Washing- 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



185 



■OP 



ton; for many years he was, witli Mr. Seaton, the 
official publisher of the General Government. Died 
at Washington, .Tuly 21, 1860. 

Gallaher, John S.; was appointed Third Aud- 
itor of the Treasui-y in 181!), and re-appointed in 
1850, remaining in office until 1853. 

Gallatin, Albert; was born at Geneva, in Switz- 
erland. .January 2d, 1761: graduated at the Univers- 
ity of his native city in 177S); the next year emi- 
grated to America; commenced his career in Maine, 
then a part of Ma.ssachusetts, liaving been placed in 
command of a small fort at Machias; while there, 
contributed largely from his private funds to the sup- 
port of the American troops; was appointed a tutor 
at Harvard University in 1782; removed to Pennsyl- 
vania in 1783, where he took a prominent part in 
the State Convention of 1789, and served in the 
lower branch of the Legislature in 1790 and 1791; 
also spent several years in Virginia, and in that State 
took the oath of allegiance; in 179.'! was eleite<l a 
Senator in Congress from Pennsylvania, but his seat 
was vacated in 1794, by a resolution of the Senate, 
on the ground of want of citizenship for a sufficient 
length of time; soon after, without his knowledge, 
was elected a Representative in Congress from Penn- 
sylvania, serving from 1795 to 1801; was in the 
latter year appointed Secretary of the Treasury under 
President Jeti'erson, and, as an executive Councilor, 
and sulisequcntly diplomatist and statesman, ob- 
tained a very high reputation; in 1813 went to St. 
Petersburg as one of the Envoys Extraordinary to 
negotiate with Great Britain, under the mediation of 
Russia, and, during the following yi^ar, with Adams, 
Bayard, Clay, and Russell, signed the Treaty of 
Ghent; assisted also in concluding the Commercial 
Convention with England at London in 1815, and re- 
sided at Paris, as Minister of the United States, from 
1816 to 1823; in 1827 obtained full indemnification 
from England for injuries sustained by our citizens, 
for violating the Treaty of Ghent; President Mad- 
ison tendered him a seat in his Cabinet as Secretary of 
State; President Monroe oiiercd him the post of Sec- 
retary of the Navy; he was also nominated for Vice- 
President; all of which honors he declined; in 1828 be- 
came a citizen of New York, and took an active part in 
promoting the literary and commercial interests of the 
Empire City, and of the Union at large; in 1831 was 
a member of the "Free Trade Convention," and 
drew up the memorial to Congress, which embodied 
the views of the Democratic party; was President of 
the National Bank of New York, and also of the 
New Y'ork Historical Society and the Ethnological 
Society, and advocated the establishment of the New 
Y'ork University; just before his death, became iden- 
titied with the' Smithsonian Institution; was a fine 
scholar, and published many papers on the Currency 
and Finance, on Indian Languages, and other import- 
ant subjects. Died at Astoria, Long Island, August 
12, 1849. 

Gallegos, Jose M.; was born in Rio Arril)a 
County. New Mexico, November 14, 1815; was edu- 
cated at the Academy of Taos; studied theology at 
the College of Durango, Mexico, wliere he graduated 
in 1849; was a member of the Legislative Assembly 
of Mexico in 1843, 1844, 1845. and 1846; a member 
of the lirst Legislative As.senibly of the Territory of 
New Mexico in 1850 and 1851 ; was elected Delegate 
to Congress in 1854; was Speaker of the Territorial 
House of Representatives in 1860, 1861, and 1862; 
Quartermaster-General of the Territorial Militia, and 
Treasurer of the Tenitory for Jive years; was made 
jirisoner of war by the Texas Confederate Troops, in 
V>62, and subjected to close confinement: was Super- 



intendent of Indian Affairs in New Mexico in 1868; 
was elected Delegate to the Forty-second Congress. 

Gallinger, Jacob H.; was born at Cornwall, On- 
tario, March 28, 1837; being the son of a farmer and 
one of twelve children, his time was occupied in as- 
sisting his father, and his early education was lim- 
ited; at the age of twelve he became a printer's 
apprentice, and served four years; at the expiration 
of his apprenticeship he went to Ogdensburg, New 
York, and worked as a journeyman for one year, 
when he returned to Cornwall and took charge, a.s 
editor and foreman, of the paper upon which he 
had served as apprentice, at the same time receiving 
instruction from a competent teacher; in 1855 went 
to Cincinnati, Ohio, and began the study of medicine, 
graduating in 1858, as valedictorian of his class; bis 
vacations were passed in various caj)acities in the 
office of the Cincinnati Gazelle, and in study and 
literary work; after practicing in Cincinnati tor a 
year, in 1860, he removed to New Hampshire, and 
settled at Concord in the practice of his profession; 
was, for seven years. President of the New Hamp- 
shire Homeopathic Medical Society; in 1868 received 
an honorary degree from the New York Homeo- 
pathic Medical College, and has also received the 
honorary degree of A. JI. from Dartmouth College; 
in 1872 was elected a Representative in the State 
Legislature, and was re-elected in 1873; in 1876 was 
a Delegate to the State Constitutional Convention; 
in 1878 was elected State S('nator, and re-elected in 
1879; was President of the Senate during his second 
term; in 1882 was elected Chairman of the State 
Committee, and was thrice re-elected; in 1884 was 
elected a Representative from New Hampshire to 
the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Gallo^way, Joseph ; was born in 1730; was a 
member of the Assembly of Pennsylvania in 1764, 
officiating as Speaker; was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress in 1774 and 1775, and a signer of 
the Declaration of Independence; subsequently de- 
serted the American cause and joined the British in 
New York; in 1779 was examined before the House 
of Commons, and his testimony was not creditable 
to the British commander in America; died in En- 
gland in 1803. He was the author of a number of 
political pamphlets bearing ui)on the conduct and 
the consequences of the war, which were published 
in London, and attracted much attention. 

Gallo^way, Samuel; was bom in Gettysburg, 
Pennsylvania, in 1811; removed to Ohio in 1819; 
graduated at the Miami University in 1833; was a 
Professor in that institution, as well as in Hanover 
College, in Indiana; studied law and came to the bar 
in 1842; was at one time Secretary of State; was 
elected a Representative in the Thirty-lburtli Con- 
gress; was a benevolent man, and noted for his elo- 
quence as an orator. 

GalUip, Albert ; was at one time Sheriff of 
Albany County, New York; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1837 to isll; was ap- 
pointed, by President Polk, Collector of Albany. 
Died at Providence, Rhode Island, November, 1851. 

Galusha, Jonas ; was born in Norwich, Con- 
necticut, in 17.53; was a Revolutionary soldier, and 
served at Bennington, Vermont; was a member of 
the Council from 1793 to 1798, and again from 1801 
to 1805: vv;is a member of the General .Assembly in 
1800; Judge of the State Snjjreme Court from 1795 
to 1797, and from 1800 to 180(>; (io\ernorof Vermont 
from 1809 to 1813, and from 1815 to 1820. Died at 
Shaftsl)nrv, Vermont. October 8, 1834. 



186 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Gramble, Hamilton B.; was an active membc-)- 
of tlie Constitutional Convention of Missouri at the 
opening of the Rebellion in 1861, and was made 
ActFiugaud Provisional Governor of tliat State, when 
the regular Governor, C. F. Jaekson, joined the 
Confwleraoy. Died January 31, 1874. 

• Gamble, James; was born in Pennsylvania; 
'was a Repre.sentative in Congress from that State 
'from 1851 to 1855. 

Gamble, Roger L.; was a member of the House 
of Representatives in Congress from Georgia from 
1833 to 1835, and from 1841 to 1843; afterwards 
Judge of the Superior Court of that State. Died 
December 20, 1847. 

Gannett, Barzilla ; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1785; served four years in the State Legls- 
ilature: was a Representative in Congress from Mas- 
sachusetts from 1809 to 1811. 

Gannt, E. W.; was bora in Tennessee, March 
17, 1832; received a good education; removed to Ar- 
kansas in 1850; was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress in 1860, but does not appear to have taken his 
seat; in 1873 prepared a digest of the laws of Ar- 
kansas; soon afterwards was appointed Commissioner 
to the Centennial Exhibition. Died at his home, 
June 10, 1874. 

Gansevoort, Leonard ; was a Delegate from 
New York to the Continental Congress in 1787 and 

1788. 

Ganson, John ; was born in Le Roy, Genesee 
County, New York, January 1, 1818; graduated at 
Harvard C'ollege in 1839; adopted the profession of 
the law; was a member of tlu^ State Legislature in 
1862; was elected a Representative from New Y'ork to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Elections; was also a Delegate to the "Chicago 
Convention" of 1864. Died in Butfalo, New Y'ork, 
September 28, 1874. 

Garber, Silas ; was Governor of Nebraska fi'om 
1875 to 1879. 

Garcelon, Alonzo ; was born at Lewiston, 
Maine, in 1813; was educated at Bowdoin College, 
graduating therefrom in 1836; graduated from the 
Ohio Medical College in 1839; in the same year com- 
menced the practice of medicine at Lewiston, Maine; 
was Mayor of Lewiston for a time; served in the 
House of Representatives of the Maine Legislature; 
was Surgeon-General on the statf of the Governor of 
Maine during the Civil War; was an unsuccessful 
candidate for Congress in 1868 and for Governor in 
1878; there having been no choice for Governor at 
the election in 1878 — no candidate having received a 
majority of all the votes cast — under the Constitution 
of Maine the election of a Governor devolved upon 
the Legislature, which, being Democratic by a small 
majority, elected Mr. Garcelon to the office. 

Gardenier, Barent; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1807 to 1811. 

Gardiner, Mills; was born in Russellville, Ohio, 
January 30, 1830; in 1854 removed to Payette County, 
Ohio; received a common school education; studied 
law; wivs admitted to the bar in 1855 and began 
practice; was Prosecuting Attorney for Fayette Coun- 
ty tor four years; a State Senator from 1862 to 1864; 
a Presidential Elector in 1864; a Representative in 
the Legislature from 1866 to 1868; a member of the 
State Constitutional Convention in 1873; was elected 
a Representative from Ohio to the Forty -fifth Con- 
gress. 



Gardner, Charles K.; was born in Morris Coun- 
ty, New Jersey, in 1787; was Ensign in the Sixth 
Infantry in 1808; Captain in 1813; Brigade-Major in 
1812; Assistant Adjutant-General in 1813; Major ot 
Twenty-fifth Infantry in 1813; Adjutant-General in 
1814; Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel tor distiiiguished 
service in 1815; Major of Third Infantry, and Adju- 
tant-General of Division of the North; resigned in 
1818; w as in the battles of Chrystlers Fields, Chip- 
pewa, and Niagara, and at the siege and defense of 
Fort Erie; in 1822 and 1823 edited the New York 
Putriot; was the author of a "Compendium of In- 
fantry Tactics" in 1819; " Dictionary of the Army 
of the United State,s," in 1853; Second Edition, 1860; 
was Senior Assistant Postmaster-General in 1829; 
Auditor of the Treasury from 1836 to 1841; Post- 
master at Washington City from 1845 to 1849; Sur- 
veyor-General of Oregon from 1849 to 1853; was 
afterwards in the Treasury Department at Washing- 
ton until 1867; he was tlie father of General Frank 
Gardner, who surrendered Port IIud.son to tlie Fed- 
eral Army in 1863. Died in Washington, November 
1, 1869. 

Gardner, Francis ; was Ijorn in Leominster, 
Massachusetts. December 27, 1771; graduated at Har- 
vard College; was a Representative in C'ongre.ss from 
New Hampshire from 1807 to 1809. Died at Rox- 
bury, Massachusetts, June 25, 1835. 

Gardner, Gideon ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Massachusetts from 1809 to 1811. 

Gardner, Henry J.; was Governor of Massa- 
chusetts ti-om the year 1855 to 1858. 

Gardner, Joseph ; was a Delegate from Penn- 
sylvania to the Continental Congress in 1784 and 
1785. 

Garfield, James A.; was born in Orange, Cuy-' 
ahoga County, Ohio, November 19, 1831 ; graduated 
at Williams College, Mass;ichusetts, in 1856; adopted 
the profession of the law; in 1859 and 1860 was a 
member of the Ohio Senate; in 1861 entered the 
army as Colonel of the Forty-second Regiment of 
Volunteers; Wiis appointed a Brigadier-General in 
1 862, the day that he fought in the battle of Middle 
Creek, Kentucky; subsequently served at Shiloh, 
Corinth, and in Alabama, and early in 1863 was 
appointed Chief of .Staff to General Rosecrans, with 
whom he served until after the battle of Chickamau- 
ga; in 1862 was elected a Representative from Ohio 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving as a member 
of the Committee on Military Affairs, belbre taking 
his seat in Congress was appointed a Major-General 
of Volunteers "for gallant and meritorious services 
in the battle of Chickamaiiga, Georgia, from Septem- 
ber 19, 1863; " re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on AVays and 
Means, on the Postal Railroad to New Y^ork, and as 
Chairman of that on a Bureau of Education ; was also 
a Regent of the Smithsonian Institution; was a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention " of 
1866, and to the "Soldiers' Convention," held in 
Pittsbm-g; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on old Committees, and as Chairman of the 
Committee on Military Affaire; re-elected to the four 
succeeding Congresses, serving as Chairman of the 
Committees on Banking and Currency, the Census, 
and the Committee on Appropriations, and as Regent 
of the Smithsonian Institution; in 1872 received the 
degree of LL.D. from Williams College, was re- 
elected to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses; 
in 1880 was elected United States Senator from Ohio 
for the term of six years from March 4, 1881 ; in the 
fall of the same year was elected President of the 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



187 



United States, and resigned the positions of member 
of Congress and Senator; was installed in the Presi- 
dency on March 4, 1881; on July second, of that year, 
as he was passing througli the railroad depot at 
"Washington, was shot in the back by an assassin ; 
after a lingering illness the wound proved fatal, 
causing death on September 19, 1881. 

G-arflelde, Selucius ; was born in Shorcliara, 
Vermont, December 8, 18'J2; removed to Kentucky 
in early life; was educated at Augusta College; read 
law, and was admitted to the bar; in 1849 was 
elected a member of the Convention to revise the 
State Constitution; spent the following year in South 
'America; emigrated to California in 1851; was 
elected a member of the Legislature of that State in 
1852, and in 1853 was selected to codify the laws of 
the State; returned to Kentucky in 1854; was a 
member of the Cincinnati National Convention in 
1856 ; an Elector in that canvass ; removed to Wash- 
ington Territory in 1857, wliere he tilled the position 
of Receiver of Public Moneys in ISGO; was Sur- 
veyor-General from 1866 to 1869 ; was elected a 
Delegate to the Forty-lirst Congress and re-elected to 
the Fortv-second Congress. Died at Washington, D. 
C, April 13, 1883. 

Garland, A. H.; was born in Tipton County, 
Tennessee, June 11, 1832; was taken to Arkansas in 
the folIo\Ting year; graduated at St. Joseph's College, 
Kardstown, Kentucky, in 1849; studied law, and 
after coming to the bar settled at Little Rock; op- 
posed the early movements of the Rebellion, but 
linally joined the State in the Southern cause; served 
in the Confederate Congi-ess; was subsequently chos- 
en to the United States Senate, but refused admis- 
sion; in 1874 was for a short time Acting Secretary 
of State of Arkansas; was elected Governor of that 
State in 1874; in 1876 was elected United States Sen- 
ator from Arkansas for the term of six years from 
JIarcli, 1877; was re-elected for another term in 1882, 
receiving the entire vote of his own party and of the 
Republicans in the State Legislature; but three votes 
being cast against him; in March, 1885, was ap- 
pointed Attorney-General of the United States in the 
Cabinet of President Cleveland. 

Garland, David S.; was a Eepresentati\e in 
Congress from Virginia, from 1809 to 1811. Died in 
October, 1841. 

Garland, Hugh A.; was born in Nelson County, 
Virginia, June 1, 1805; was grandson of General 
.John Garland; graduated at Hampden Sidney Col- 
lege iu 1825; Wiis Professor of Greek in that college 
for five years; studied law, and came to the bar in 
1841; served five years in the State Legislature; was 
Clerk of the National House of Representatives from 
1838 to 1841; acquired a competence by his jirofes- 
sion, but by various misfortunes was reduced to 
poverty; when in his fortieth year removed to Mis- 
souri, and was again successful in his profession; 
two books which he published (the Lives of John 
Randolph and Thomas Jefferson) were eminently 
successful. Died. at St. Louis, Mi.s.souri, October 14, 
1854. His son, bearing his name, was killed in one 
of the battles in Tennes.see (luring the Rebellion, 
whilst ligliting against the Union. 

Garland, James ; was a native of Virginia; was 
a Representative in Congress from that hitate, liom 
1845 to 1847. 

Garland, Rice ; was born in Virginia; removed 
to Louisiana; was a Representative in Congress tVom 
that State, from 1834 to 1840: resigned to lu'c-onic 
Judge of the Superior Court of Louisiana. 



Garnett, James M.; was born at Elmwood, in 
Essex County, Virginia, June 8, 1770; served for 
several years as a member of the Legislature of his 
native State; was a Rcpresentatixe in Congress from 
Virginia, fi-om 1805 to 1809; was a member of the 
Convention assembled at Richmond in 1829 to revise 
the Constitution of Virginia; was interested in the 
cause of education, and devoted to the pursuits of 
agriculture, having presided over the Agricultural 
Society of Fredericksburg for more than twenty 
years, and toiled laboriously for the formation of a 
National Agricultural Society. Died at Elmwood, 
May, 1843, aged sixty-two years. 

Garnett, Muscoe R. H.; was born in Essex 
County, Virginia; was educated at the University of 
Virginia; studied law; was a member of the Consti- 
tutional Convention of the State in 1850; a member 
of the House of Dele-ates in 1853, 1854, 1855, and 
1856, and during the latter se-ssion was Chairman of 
tlie Committee on Finance; was elected to the Thirty- 
fifth Congress as a Representative from Virginia, 
serving as a member of the Coniinittee on Claims; 
was re-elected to the Tliirty-sixth Congress; was a 
Delegate to the Democratic Conventions at Baltimore 
and Cincinnati, in 1852 and 1856 respectively; took 
part in the Rebellion. 

Garnett, Robert S.; was a native of Essex 
County, Vu-ginia; was a Representative in Congress 
from that State, from 1817 to 1827. 

Garnsey, Daniel G.; was born in Saratoga 
County, New York; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State, from 1825 to 1830. 

Garrard, James ; was born in Stafford County, 
Virginia, January 14, 1749; was an officer of the 
Revolution; afterward a member of the Legislature 
of Virginia, where he Wiis an advocate of tlie Relig- 
ious Freedom Bill; was one of the first settlers of 
Kentucky ; in 1782settlcd near Paris, Bourbon County ; 
was, for several terms, a member of the Kentucky 
Legislature; was Governor of Kentucky from 1796 
to 1804. Died at Mount Lebanon, Bourbon County, 
January 19, 1822. The hero of the battle of " Wild 
Cat," in 1802, was his son. 

Garrett, Abraham E. ; was born in Overton, 
March 6, 1830; received his education in country 
schools and at Poplar Spring College, Kentucky; 
studied law, but became a farmer; served in the 
army during tlie war; was elected to the Legislature 
of Tennessee in 1865, and to the State Senate iu 1867; 
was elected to the Forty -second Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Agriculture. 

Garrison, Daniel; was born in Salem County, 
New Jersey; was a Representative in Congress from 
New Jersey fi'om 1823 to 1827. 

Garrison, George Tankard ; was born in Ac- 
comac County, Virginia, January 14, 1835; graduated 
at Dickenson College, Pennsylvania, in 1853, and at 
the Law School of the University of Virginia in 1857; 
engaged iu the practice of law; was a Representative 
in the State Legislature and, subsecjuently, a State 
Senator during the existence of the Confederacy; was 
Circuit Judge from 1870 to 1880; w;is elected a Rep- 
resentative from Virginia to the Forty-seventh Con- 
gress; was re-elected to the Forty -eighth Congress. 

GarrO'W, Nathaniel; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1827 to 1829. 

Garth, 'WilUam W.; wxs born in Morgan Coun- 
ty, Alabama, October 28, 1827; w;is educ;ited at La 
tirange, and at Emory and Henry College, Virginia; 



188 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



studied law at the University of Virginia, and was 
admitted to practice; was elected a Representative 
from Alabama to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Grartlin, Alfred ; was horn in North Carolina; 
gi-achuited at the University of that State; was a 
Representative in Congress fiom North Carolina from 
1823 to 1825. 

Gartrell, Lucius J. ; was born in Wilkes County, 
Georgia, January 7, 1821; educated at Kandolpli 
Macon College/ Virginia, and Franklin College, 
Athens, Georgia; adopted the profession of the law; 
in 1843 was elected, l)y tlie General Assembly of 
Georgia, Solicitor-General of the Northern Judicial 
Circuit; resigned in 1347, on being elected a Repre- 
sentative to the Legislature; was re-elected in 1849; 
was a Presidential Elector for the State of Georgia in 
1856; in 1857 was elected a Representative in the 
Thirty-fifth Congress from Georgia; was one of the 
Regents of the Smithsonian Institution, and a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Expenditures in the Treas- 
ury Department; re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving on tlie Committee on Elections; witli- 
drew in 1861, and retired to Georgia. 

G-arvin, ■William S.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Pennsylvania I'rom 1845 to 1847. 

G-aston, "William ; was born in Newberne, North 
Carolina, September 19, 1778; his early education 
was conducted by his mother; advanced at the Cath- 
olic College of Georgetown, District of Columbia; 
graduated at Princeton College in 1796; studied law, 
and was admitted to practice in 1798; served a num- 
ber of years in the State Legislature, one term as 
Speaker; was a Presidential Elector in 1808; was a 
Representative in Congress from North C^arolina from 
1813 to 1817; in 1834 was appointed Judge of the 
Supreme Court; in 1835 was a member of the State 
Convention to amend the Constitution; continued on 
the beucli until the time of his death, which occurred 
January 23, 1844; was an able and successful law- 
yer, and an upright judge, had a ta.ste for polite lit- 
erature, and is remembered in North Carolina as one 
of the most distinguished citizens of that State. 

Gates, Seth Merrill ; was born in Winfield, 
Herkimer County, New York, October 16, 18U0; was 
self-educated; studied law, and commenced practice 
in 1827; was elected to the State Legislature in 1832, 
declining a re-election; in 1838 purchased, and be- 
came editor of the Le Roy Gazette; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from New York to the Twcuty-si.xth Con- 
gress, and was re-elected to the Twenty-seventh Con- 
gress. In his paper and in Congress he advocated 
the right of petition, and on account of his hostility 
to slavery a reward of five hundred dollars was 
oflered by a southern jjlanter for his person. At the 
close of the Twenty -seventh Congress he drew up a 
protest against the annexation of Texas, which was 
signed by twenty -two Representatives — JohuQuiney 
Adams heading the list of names; in 1848 was the 
Free-soil candidate for Lieutenant-Governor of New 
York. 

Gause, Lucien Ootesworth ; was born at 
Laurel Hill Place, Brunswick County, North Caro- 
lina, December 25, 1838; removed with his father to 
Lauderdale Coimty, Tennessee, when quite young; 
was educated at a county school until sixteen years 
of age, and then at the University of Virginia; 
studied law at Cumberland University, Tennessee; 
graduated there; removed to Jacksonport, Arkansas, 
to practice, in 1859; enlisted in the intantry service 
of the Confederate Army in 1861 ; rose to the rank of 
Colonel; surrendered at Shreveport, Louisiana, May 



2G, 1865; returned to Jacksonport in July, and re- 
sumed the practice of law; in 1866 served one term 
in the General Assembly, and was appointed one of 
the State Commissioners tx) visit Washington, in sup- 
port of the existing State Government; was elected a 
Representative in Congress in 1872 by the Demo- 
crats, but his seat was contested by his competitor, 
and the case was never determined; in 1874 was 
elected to the Forty-lbirrth Congress; re-elected to 
the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Gay, Ed-ward J.; was born at Liberty, Bedford 
County, Virginia, February 3, 1816; in 1820 r9» 
moved, with his parents, to Illinois, and thence tC 
St. Louis, Missouri, in 1824; his early education was 
acquired from a private tutor, and in 1833 and 1834 
he attended Augusta College, Kentucky ; was early 
familiarized with business affairs, by assisting his 
father in important commercial transactions, and was 
largely interested in commercial affairs at St. Louis 
from 1838 to I860; in 18.55 removed to Louisiana, 
finally settling at p;aquemine, in that State; became 
largely engaged in commercial, manufacturing, and 
agricultural pursuits; in 1883, uj)on the foundation 
of the Louisiana Sugar Excliange, at New Orleans, 
was elected its first President; in 1884 was elected 
a Representative from Louisiana to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

GayaiTe, Charles E. A. ; was born in Louisi- 
ana, Januaiy 3, 1805; was educated at the College of 
New Orleans; in 1826 went to Philadelphia and stud- 
ied law; was admitted to the bar in 1829, and re- 
turned home; in 1830 was elected to the Legislature; 
in 1831 was appointed Deputy Attorney-General; in. 
1833 Presiding Judge of the City Court of New Or- 
leans; and in 1835 was elected a Senator in Congress, 
but ill health prevented him from taking his seat; 
went to Europe, where he spent a number of years, 
and on his return, in 1843, was again returned to 
the State Legislature; in 1846 was appointed Secre- 
tary of State, in which capacity he served seven 
years; as an author he acquired a high position, his 
"leading works being "History of Louisiana," "Ro- 
mance of the History of Louisiana," "Spanish Dom- 
ination in Louisiana," a dramatic novel called "The 
School of Politics," and a work on "The Influence 
of the Mechanic Arts." 

Gayle, John; was born in Sumter District, 
South Carolina, September 11, 1792; was educated 
at South Carolina College; emigrated to Alabauui in 
1813; in 1817 was appointed a member of the Terri- 
torial Legislature; was Solicitor of the First Judicial 
District on the organization of the State Government; 
in 1823 was elected Judge of the Supreme Court of 
the State; in 1829 was elected to the State Legisla- 
ture, and was Speaker of the House; in 1831 was 
elected Governor, and re-elected in 1833; was Presi- 
dential Elector in 1836 and in 1840; in 1847 was 
elected from Mobile County a Representative in Con- 
gress; in 1849 was appointed Judge of the United 
States District Court of Alabama. Died near Mobile, 
July 21, 1859. 

Gaylord, Augustine S.; was born in 1825; was 
a successful lawyer in Michigan for many years; in 
November, 1875, was appointed an Assistant Attor- 
ney-General of the United States for the Interior De- 
partment. 

Gaylord, James M.; was born in Ohio; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1851 
to 1853. 

Gazley, James W.; wiis a Representative in 
Congress irom Ohio from 1823 to 1825. 



BIOUKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



18!J 



Gear, John H.; was Govfiuor of Iowa irom l87-< 

lo 1882. 

Geary, John W.; was boni in Wnstiiiorclaiiil 
County, remisylvania, about IW'30: tau^lit school: 
\v;vs a merchant's clerk iu Pittsljur^-; at'tcrv\ ards 
studied at Jcflerson College, and became a civil en- 
{jiueer, and wa-s several year.s connei'ted ■with the 
Allegheny Portage Railroad; wa.s Lieutenant-Colo- 
nel of Roberts' Kcgiment of Pennsylvania Volunteers 
in the Mexican War. and comniande<l bis regiment 
at Cbapttltepec, where he was wounded, hut resunu^d 
his command the sanu' day at the attack on Belen 
(Jat<;; for meritorious <'ouiluet on that occasion, was 
made first Comman<ler of the city of Mexico after its 
capture, and Colonel of his regiment; in 1849 removed 
to Calil'ornia, and was I'ostnia.ster of San Francisco; 
was lirst Alcalde of tliat city, and its tirst Mayor; in 
18.52 returned to his farm at Westmoreland County, 
Pennsylvania; from .July, IS.'iG, to March, 1857, was 
Governor of Kansas; in 1861 returned to Pennsyl- 
vania and raised and equipped the Twenty-eighth 
Penn.s,\-lvania Volunteers; commanded in several en- 
gagements in that year; occupied Lcesburg, Virginia, 
in March, 18G2; was Brigadier-General of Volunteers 
in 1802; was wounded in the arm at CediU' Mount- 
ain; led the Second Division of the Twelfth Corps at 
Fredericksburg, Chauccllorsville, and (ietty.sburg in 
1863; commanded the Second Division of the Twen- 
tieth Corps in Sherman's Georgia and South Carolina 
campaigns; wa.s appointed Military Governor of 
Savannah on its capture in 18(j4; was eho.sen Gov- 
(M-nor of Pennsylvania in 1867. Died at Ilarrisburg, 
Penns3'lvania, Feliruary 8, 1873. 

Gebhard, John; was born in Claverack, Xew 
York; was a Representative in Congress from New 
York from 1821 to 1823. 

Geddes, George W.; was born at Mount Ver- 
non, Ohio, July 16, 1824; received a common-school 
edu<-ation; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 
1845, and engaged in practice; was Judge of the 
Court of Common Pleas for the Sixth Judicial Dis- 
trict from 185(i to 1866, and again from 1868 to 1873; 
was the candidate of his party tor Supreme Judge in 
1871, but was defeated; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Ohio to the Forty-si.xth, Forty-seventh, 
i''orty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Geddes, James ; w;is horn near Carli.sle, Penn- 
sylvania, July 22, 17(i:i; obtained a limited educatiou 
while working upon a farm; removing to New York, 
he organized, in 1794, a company for themanut'acture 
of salt at Onondaga; in 1800 was elected a magistrate- 
in 1804 and iu 1821 was iu the State Legislature; in 
1809 was an Associate County Justice; iu 1812 .ludge 
of the Common Pleas; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1813 to 1815; in 1822 was 
appointed Chief Engineer of the Ohio Canal; in 1827 
assisted iu locating the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, 
as well as the Pennsylvania Canal. Died August 19, 
1338. 

Geddes, John ; was Governor of South Carolina 
from 1818 to 1820; Speaker of the South Carolina 
I [ou.sc of Representat i ves. Died in Charleston, South 
Carolina, March 5, 1828, aged about fifty-live years. 

Gentry, Meredith P.; was horn in North 
Carolina in 1811; studied law and settled in the 
practice of his profession in Tennessee; wa.s elected to 
the Legislature of the State in 1835 and 1837; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1839 
to 1843, and from 1845 to 1853; took part in tlie Re- 
ludlionas a member of the "(^'on federate Congress." 
Dii'd Novemlier 3, l'<6(i. He was quite distiugui.shed 
iLs an orator, and very popular as a man. 



George, James Z.; was born in Georgia in 1828; 
leiuovcd, with his father, to Mississippi, when a lad; 
reccivi'il a public school education; served in the 
army in the war with Mexico; studied law and wa.s 
admitted to practice; served in the Confederate .\rmy 
during the war of the Rebellion, iu conuuand of a 
regiment; was Chairman of the Democratic State 
Committee of 1875 and 1876; was elected Chief 
Justice of the State Supreme Court; was elected a 
Senator of the United States from Mississippi for the 
term of six years from March 4, 1881. 

George. M. C.; was born in Noble County, Ohio, 
.May 13, 181!); received a good education, completing 
it at Willamette University, Oregon; studied law; 
was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at 
Portland, Oregon, in 1877; was a State Senator for 
four yetirs; was elected a Representative from Oregon 
to the Forty -seventh and Forty-eiglith Congresses. 

German, Obadiah ; was a Senator in Congress 
from New Y'ork from 1809 to 1815. Died September 
24, 1842. 

Gerry, Elbridge ; was born at Marblehead, Mas- 
sachusetts, July, 1744: graduated at Harvard Col- 
lege iu 1762; devoted himself for several years to 
eonuuercial pursuits; was a member of tlic Legisla- 
ture in 1773, and was appointed on the Committee 
on Correspcmdenoe; from 1776 to 1785 was a Dele- 
gate to the Continental Congress, and signed the 
Declaration of Independence; also the Artiides of 
Confederation; while in Congress was a member of 
the Committee of Public Safety and Supplies, and 
when the Committee were in session at Menotomy, 
he, with Colonel Orne, escaped from the British troops 
at night by fleeing to a cornfield, while the Ikjusc was 
searelied for them; was a member of the Convention 
which framed the Constitution of the United States, 
but declined subscribing to it; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1793; was a Represtuitative in the Federal 
Congress from 1789 to 1793; in 1797 was appointed 
Miiiisterto France; in 1804 was one of the Presiden- 
tial Electors; was Governor of .Ma.ssachusetts in 1810 
and 1811; iu 1813 was inaugurated Vice-President 
of the United States; and filled the ofiice until his 
his death, which took place at Wa.shington, Novem- 
ber 23, 1814. 

Gerry, Elbridge ; was born in Waterlbrd, Ox- 
ford County, Maine, D<'cemher 6, 1815; received an 
academic education; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar iu 1839; in lrt4u was Clerk of the Hou.seof 
Representatives of Maine; in 1842 was appointed 
State's Attorney for Oxford County, and elected the 
following year; in 1846 wiis elected to the State Leg- 
islature; was a Representative in Congress from 
Maine from 1849 to 1851. The signer of the Declar- 
ation of l7idependence, bearing the same name, was 
his grandfather. 

Gerry, James; was born in ilaryland; was a 
Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania Irora 
1839 to 1843. 

Gervais, John L.; was a Delegate from South 
Carolina to the Continental Congress from 1782 to 
1783. 

Getz, J. La^wrence ; was born in Reading, Penn- 
sylvania, September M. 1^21; received an academic 
cducati(m in Reiwling and in Nottingham, Marjiand; 
read law, and came to the bar in 1846; having turned 
liis atteution to the newspaper bvisiness, was for 
twenty years the edit/or of the Reading Gazette, and 
DcmormI; in 1856 was elected to the State Legisla- 
ture; in 1857 re-elected and made Speaker of tho 



190 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



House; in 1866 was elected a Representative from 
Peniisyh'ania to the Fortieth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Mileage, Soldiers' and Sailors' 
Bounties, and Public Expenditures; re-elected to the 
two subsequent Congresses, serving on important 
Committees. 

Geyer Henry S. ; was born in Frederick County, 
Maryland, in 1798; early in life removed to Missouri; 
served in the War of 1812, and was Captain of the 
first Militia company formed in the State of his adop- 
tion ; adopted the profession of the law, and became 
eminent as a practitioner; took an active part in pol- 
itics, and was a member of tlie Convention which 
formed a State Constitution; was an active member 
of the first two sessions of the State Legislature, and 
was chosen Speaker during liis second term; suc- 
ceeded Mr. Benton in the United States Senate, where 
he served from 1851 to 1857; while in Washington 
participated as Attorney in the Dred Scott case; 
was a man of ability, of pleasing manners, and of 
high character. Died at St. Louis, March 5, 1859. 

G-holson, James H.; was born in Virginia ; 
graduated at Princeton College in 1S'20; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Virginia from 1833 to 
1835. Died at Bruns^^ic•k, Virginia, July 2, 1848, 
aged fifty years. 

Gholson, S. J. ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Mississippi from 1837 to 1838 ; was subse- 
quently appointed United States Judge for the Dis- 
trict of Mississippi. 

Gholson, Thomas ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Virginia from 1808 to 1816. 

Gibbons, Thomas ; was a citizen of Georgia; in 
1801 was appointed District Judge of the United 
States Court for the State of Georgia. 

Gibbons, William ; was a Delegate from Geor- 
gia to the Continental Congress from 1784 to 1786. 

Gibbs, Addison C; wiis born at East Otto, 
Cataraugus County, New York, July 9, 1825; was 
educated at Grillith Institute, Springville, and the 
State Normal School at Albany, New York, from 
which latter he graduated; taught scuool and studied 
law; was admitted to the bar at Allxiny in 1849, and 
commenced practice in Jefferson County, New York- 
in 1850 removed to Oregon; in 1851 was a volunteer 
in the Indian War in Oregon; was a Representative 
in the Legislature during the session of 1852-53; was 
Collector of Customs for the Southern District of 
Oregon from 1853 to 1857; in 1S58, against his wish, 
was elected Prosecuting Attorney for the First Judi- 
cial District, but declmed to qualify, and the oflSce 
was filled by appointment of the Governor; in the 
fall of 1858 removed to Portland, Oregon, and con- 
tinued the practice of his profession; in 1862 was 
elected Governor of Oregon, and served four years- 
was one of the Commissioners to revise the 'state 
Code in 1863; at tlie close of his term as Governor 
was nominated, by his party, for United States Sen- 
ator; in order to harmonize dilferences and unite the 
party, after nineteen balUits had been taken, durin'>- 
which time he came within one vote of an election 
withdrew from the contest; resumed tlie jiractice of 
law, and was twice elected District Attorney; was 
Deputy United States District Attorney for four 
years, and United States District Attorney for two 
years. 

Gibbs, Richard; was a citizen of New York; 
in April, 1875, was appointed Minister Plenipoten- 
tiary to Peru. 



Gibbs, William Channing- ; was Governor oi 
Rhode Island from 1821 to 1824. Died in Newport, 
Rhode Island, February 21, 1871, aged eighty-four 
years. 

Gibson, Charles Hopper; was born in Queen 
Anne County, Maryland, January 19, 1842 ; was 
educated at the Archer School, in Harford County, 
Maryland, at Centreville Acatlemy, and at Washing- 
ton College, Chestertown; was a clerk in the insur- 
ance office of an uncle in Baltimore for two years; in 
1862 began the study of law at Easton, Maryland; 
was admitted to the bar in 1864 and engaged in the 
practice of law at Easton; in 1867 was nominated, 
by President Johnson, to be a Collector of Internal 
Revenue, but was not confirmed by the Senate; in 
1869 was appointed Auditor and Commissioner in 
Chancery; in 1870 resigned to accept the office of 
State's Attorney for Talbot County, JIaryland, to 
which he was appointed by the Court; was elected to 
the office, in 1871, for a full term, and was re-elected 
in 1875; in 1884 was elected a Representative from 
Maryland to the Forty-ninth Congi-ess. 

Gibson, Eustace ; was born at Culpeper, Vir- 
ginia. October 4, 1841; was, to a large e.'ctent, self- 
educated, having left school at the age of thirteen 
years; in 1856 went to Kansas, and was on the 
Southern side of the "John Brown War"; returned 
to Virginia in 1857; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1860; in 1861 volunteered as a private 
in the Confederate Army, and was elected a First 
Lieutenant; in 1863 was disabled by wounds, and 
was placed on the retired list with the rank of Cap- 
tain; was a member of the State Constitutional Con- 
vention of 1867; in 1871 settled at Huntington, West 
Virginia, in the practice of liis profession, in which 
he speedily acquired eminence; in 1876 was elected a 
Representative in the State Legislature, and was 
chosen Speaker; was a Presidential Elector in 1880; 
was elected a Representative from West Virginia to 
the Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Gibson, James King ; was born in Abington, 
Virginia, February 18, 1812; received a common 
school education; went to Alabama in 1833, and en- 
gaged in mercantile pursuits; returned to Virginia 
and was Deputy Sheriff of Washington County in 

1834 and 1835; was a merchant in Abington from 

1835 to 1840; Postmaster at Abington tj-om 1838 until 
1849; was teller in the Exchange Bank of Virginia 
at Abington in 1 849, and Notary Public ; after the 
war became a f\^rmer; was elected to the Forty-first 
Congress, serving on several committees. 

Gibson, John; was born in Lancaster, Pennsyl- 
vania, May 23, 1740; received a classical education; 
was an Indian trader at Fort Du Quesne, where he 
was captured by the Indians, and his life was saved 
by becoming the adopted son of a squaw; in 1774 
rendered good service in the Dunmore Expedition 
against the Shawnees, securing peace and the release 
of many prisoners; served with credit in the Revolu- 
tionary Army in New York, New Jersey, and on tlie 
frontiers; in 1788 was a member of the Pennsylvania 
Constitutional Convention; long a Judge of the 
Court of Common Pleas and a General of Militia; iu 
1800 was appointed Secretary of the Territory of In- 
diana, holding the position until it became a State; 
was Acting Governor of Indiana from 1811 to 1813. 
Died near Vincennes, April 10, 18-2-2. His brother, 
(ieorge, also distinguished himself as a soldier in the 
Revolution. 

Gibson, Randall Lee ; was born in Springfield, 
Kentucky, September 10, 1832; began his education 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



191 



at Lexington with a private tutor; graduated at Yale 
College in 1853, and in the Law Dei-iartnient of the 
University of Louisiana in 18o5; spent three years in 
study, and traveled in Europe; was settled as 
a planter in Louisiana when the Civil War began, 
and entered the Confederate Army as a private 
soldier; rose to the command of a division; after the 
war began the practice of law in New Orleans; was 
elected a Representative from Louisiana to the Forty- 
fourth Congress; was re-eleeted to the Forty-fifth, 
Forty-sixth, and Forty - seventh Congresses; was 
elected a Senator of the United States, from Louisi- 
ana, for the term of six. years from March 4, 1883. 

Giddings, De Witt C; was born in Susque- 
hanna County, Pennsylvania, July 18, 1827; received 
an academic education; studied law at Honesdalc; 
removed to Texas; was admitted to the bar in 1852, 
and practiced ; entered the Confederate service, and 
served until the close of the war ; was a member of 
the State Constitutional Convention of 1866; was 
elected to the Forty-second Congress, and re-elected 
to the Forty-third Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Land Claims and Indian Atfairs; was also 
elected to the Forty-Hlth Congress. 

Giddings, Joshua R.; was born at Athens, 
Bradford County, Pennsylvania, October 6, 1795; was 
a lawyer by profession; practiced in Ohio; was elected 
to the Ohio Legislature in 1826; was a Kepresenta^ 
tive in Congress from Oldo from 1838 to 1859; was 
for many years recognized as one of the leaders of the 
Anti-slavery party, and was the author of a book on 
Florida, and also of a " History of the Great Rebel- 
lion"; in 1861 was appointed, by President Lincoln, 
Consul-General of British North America. Died at 
Montreal, suddenly, May 27, 1864. 

Giddings, Marsh; was appointed Governor of 
New Mexico in 1871 ; held the office four years. Died 
in June, 1875. 

GifFord, Oscar Sherman ; was bom at Water- 
town, New York, October 20, 1842; removed to Illi- 
nois in his youth ; received a common school and aca- 
demic education; served in the Union Army as pri- 
vate in the Elgin (Illinois) Battery from 1863" to 1865; 
studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1870, and 
engaged in the practice of law at Canton, Dakota; 
■was elected District Attorney for Lincoln County in 
1874; in 1882 and 1883 was Mayor of the city of Can- 
ton; was a member of the Constitutional Convention 
of Dakota which convened at Sioux Falls September 
7, 1883; was el<!Cted Delegate from Dakota to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Gilbert, Abijah ; was born in Gilbertsville, 
Otsego County, New York, June 18, 1806, the eldest 
of eighteen children; was a student at Hamilton Col- 
lege, but ill-health prevented him from graduating; 
engaged in mercantile pursuits in New York and 
elsewhere; removed to Florida for the health of his 
family; was elected a Senator in Congress trom that 
State, lor the term commencing in 1869 and ending 
in 1S75, serving on the Committees on Agriculture 
and Post OiEces and Post Roads. 

Gilbert, Ed'ward ; Avas a Representative in Con- 
gress from California fiom 1850 to 1851. 

Gilbert, Ezekiel ; was born in 1755, in Middle- 
town, Couueeticut; graduated at Yale College in 
1778; was a member of Congress from New York 
from 1793 to 1797. He snft'ered, for thirty years , from 
a stroke of paralysis, and died at Hudson, New York, 
m July, 1842. 



Gilbert, Sylvester; was born in 1756, at He- 
bron, Connecticut; graduated at Dartmouth College 
in 1775; studied law, and was admitted to practice 
in 1777, at Hebron; in 1780 was a member of the 
General Assembly, being the youngest member in 
the House; in 1788 was appointed State's Attorney 
for Tolland County, and filled that office twenty-one 
years; in 1807 was appointed Chief .fudge of the 
County Court and Judge of Probate, which offices he 
held until 1825, with the exception of his term as 
Representative in Congress from Connecticut in 1818 
and 1819; in 1810 was a teacher of a law school, 
which he continued about seven years, during which 
time fifty-six students were prepared lor th(' Ijar un- 
di^r his tuition; in 1826 was again elected to the Leg- 
islature, and was then the oldest member in the 
House, to which body he had, from the year 1780, 
been re-elected thirty times. Died in January, 1846. 

Gilbert, "William A.; was born in Connecticut; 
removing to New York, was electcid a Representative 
from that State to the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Gilchi-ist, John James ; was born at Medford, 
Massachusetts, February 16, 1809; graduated at Har- 
vard University in 1828, and settled as a lawyer in 
Cliarlestown, New Hampshire; was a member of the 
Legislature; Register of Probate; Associate Judge in 
1810; Chief .Justice of the State Supreme Court in 
1848, and of the United States (.'ourt of Claims in 
18.55; published a "Digest of New Hampshire Re- 
ports." Died in Washington, April 29, 1058. 

Gilchrist, Robert B.; was a native of South Car- 
olina; resided in Charleston ; about 1841^was ap- 
pointed United States Judge for the District of South 
Carolina; foratime held the same position in Georgia. 

Giles, John ; was born in Rowan County, North 
Carolina, about the year 1788; gi'aduated at Chapel 
Hill University in 1808; was a lawyer by profession, 
and engaged in the practice for more than thirty 
years; in 1829 was elected a meml)cr of the House of 
Representatives in Congress from North Carolina, 
but resigned before taking his scat, on account of 
ill-health; in 1835 was a member of the Convention 
which met to revise the Constitution; died March 2, 
1816, in Stanlej' County, North Carolina, where his 
professional duties rec^uired liis attendance before the 
Circuit Court. 

Giles, "William Branch ; was born in Amelia 
County, Virginia, August 12, 1762; graduated at 
Princeton College in 1781; studied law, but aban- 
doned the profession after practicing about six years; 
was a Representative in Congress from 1790 to 1798, 
and again from 1801 to 1802; in 1801 and 1805 was 
a Presidential Elector; was a United States Senator 
from 1804 to 1816; was subsequently a member of 
the Legislature; a few months after his first appoint- 
ment to the Senat* he was superseded by A. Moore, 
b\it was immediately re-appointed for the longer 
term; from 1826 to 1829 was Governor of his native 
State. Died in Albemarle County, Virginia, Decem- 
ber 4, 1830. 

Giles, "William Fell; was born in Harford 

County, Maryland, April 8, 1807; received an aca- 
demic education in Baltimore and his native place; 
studied law in Baltimore, and came to the bar in 
1829; was elected to the State I^egislatnre in 1837 
to 1839; in 1845 was elected to Congress; declined a 
re-nomination; in 1853 was appointed United States 
District Judge for the District of Maryland. 

Gilflllan, O. "W.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar of that 



VJ-> 



B 1 G K A 1' }i 1 C A L A N X A L S . 



State; in 1857 was elected Superintendent of PuVilic 
Instruction lor Mercer County, holding the ofiiee 
two years; in 1859 was Transcribing Clerk in the 
State" House of liepresentatives; in ISOl was ap- 
pointed District Attorney for Venango County; in 
1802 was elected to the same position, and held the 
office for three yeai-s; in IStiS was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-tirst Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on the District of 
Columbia and Revolutionary Pensions. 

Gilfillan, James; was Treasurer of the United 
States from July, 1877, to March, 1883. 

Gilfillan, John B.; was born at Barnet. Cale- 
donia County, Vermont, February 11, 18:j5; gradu- 
ated at the Caledonia County Academy in 1855, and 
removed to Minneapolis, Jlinnesota; studied law; 
was admitted to the bar in .luly, ISUU, and entered 
upon the practice of law at Minneapolis; was a mem- 
ber of the Board of Education from 1860 to 1868; was 
an Alderman of the eitj' of Jlinneapolis from 1863 to 
1869; was Prosecuting Attorney of Hennepin County 
from 1863 to 1867, and from 186!) to 1873; was City 
Attorney of Minneapolis tiom 1861 to 1864; was a 
member of the State Senate of Jliunesota IVom 1875 
to 1885; became Regent of the State University of 
Minnesota in 1880, and continued in that olUce; was 
elected a Representative from Minnesota to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Gill, Charles R.; was a citizen of Wisconsin; 
was Commissioner of Pensions in the Department of 
the Interior from February 10 to Mai'ch 28, 1876. 

Gill, Moses ; was elected Lieutenant-Governor 
of Massachusetts in 1797; was acting Governor of the 
State from 1799 to 1800, in the place of Increase 
Sumner. 

Gillespie, James; was a member of the Provin- 
cial Congress of North Carolina; was a Representative 
in th(^ United States Congress from that State from 
179:! to 1799, and from 1803 to 1805. Died January 
10, 1805. 

Gillet, Ransom H.; was born in New Lebanon, 
' Columbia County, New York, January 27, 1800; his 
early employment was on his lather's farm, in Sara- 
toga County, in the summer, and lumbering in the 
pine forest during the winter; in 1819 removed to St. 
Lawrence County, where he was employed to tea<-h 
school during the winter, and attended the St. Law- 
rence Academy during the summer; in 1821 engaged 
in the study of law with Silas Wright, at Canton, 
still continuing to teach lor his support; was admitted 
to the bar, and settled in Ogdensburg, where lie con- 
tinued, devoted to his profession, for about twenty 
years; in 1827 was appointed Brigade-Major and In- 
spector of MUitia; in February 27, 1830, was ap- 
pointed Postmaster of Ogdensburg, w^hich office he 
tilled three years; in 1832 was a member of the 
Baltimore Convention, which nominated Generel 
Jackson for President; was elected the same year a 
Representative in Congress; re-elected in 1834, and 
served as a member of the Committee on Commerce; 
in 1837 was appointed, by President Van Buren, a 
Commissioner to treat with the Indian tribes in New 
York, and continued in that service until 1839- in 
1840 was a member of the Baltimore Convention 
which re-nominated Mr. Van Buren; engaged in the 
l)ractiee of law; in 1845 was appointed, by President 
Polk, Register for the Treasury, serving until 1847, 
when he was appointed Solicitor of the Treasury, in 
■which office he continued until the autumn of 1849; 
resumed the practice of law in New York; in 1855 
became Assistant to the Attorney-General of the 



United States, and continued in that office until he 
resigned in 1858, and President Buchanan appointed 
him Solicitor of the Court of Claims, which position 
he held until 1861; subsequently devoted himself to 
literary labors. 

Gillette, Ed'ward H.; was born at Bloomfield, 
Connecticut, October 1, 1840; completed his education 
at the New Y'ork State Agricultural College in 1862; 
in 1863 removed to Des Moines, Iowa, and eng-aged in 
various pursuits; was elected a Representative from 
Iowa to the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Gillette, Francis; was a Senator in Congress 
from Connecticut, during the se.ssion of 1854 and 
1855, for the une.\i)ired term of Truman Smith, 
resigned. 

Gillis, James L.; was born at Hebron, Washing- 
ton County, New York, October 2, 1792; received a 
common school education; served an api>renticeship 
to the currying and tanner"s trade; during the cam- 
paigns of 1812 and 1813, served as a volunteer Irom 
New Y'ork; in 1814 was commissioned a Lieutenant 
by the Governor of New Y'ork; having been taken 
prisoner by the British, was transported to Halifax, 
where he remained until the close 'of the war; subse- 
ijuently returned to Ontario County, and established 
himself as a farmer; in 1823 removed to Pennsyl- 
vania; in 1840 was elected to the Legislature of that 
State; in 1842 was appointed one of the Judges of 
JelTcrson County; in 1845 was elected to the State 
Senate; in 1851 again re-elected to the lower House; 
was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania in 
the Thirty-tifth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Agriculture. 

Gillon, Alexander; was a Representative in 
Congress from South Carolina from 1793 to 1794. 
Died during the latter year. 

Gilman, Charles J.; was born in New Hamp- 
shire; served in the Legislature of thatState in 1854; 
removed to Maine: was elected a Representative to 
the Thirty-fifth Congress from thatState, and was a 
member of the Committee on Private Land Claims. 

Gilman, John Taylor ; was born in Exeter, 
New Hampshire, December 19, 1753; was a volunteer 
in the Revolutionary Army; a Delegate irom New 
Hampshire, in 1780, to the Hartford Convention; a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress in 1782 and 
1783, in the latter year succeeding his father as 
Treasurer of New Hampsliire; this office he resigned 
to become a Commissioner to settle certain accounts 
for the States, but was re-elected in 1791 ; was Gov- 
ernor of New Hampshire from 1794 to 1805, and 
again from 1813 to 1815, when he declined a re-elec- 
tion. Died September 1, 1828. 

Gilman, Joseph; was appointed in 1796 a Ter- 
ritorial Judge of the United States Coui't for the Ter- 
ritory Northwest of the Ohio River. 

Gilman, Nicholas ; was a Delegate from New 
Hampshire to the Continental Congress from 1780 to 
1788; a member of the Convention that framed the 
Constitution, and signed that instrument; after the 
adoption of the Constitution was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congi-ess from 1789 to 1797; was a Sena- 
tor in Congress from New Harapshii-e from 1805 to 
1814. Died at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania., May 2, 
1814, aged fifty-two years. 

Gilmer, George R.; was born in WOkes 
County, (now Oglethorpe), Georgia, April 11, 
1790; received an academic education; studied 



BIOGKAPHICAL AN.NALS. 



193 



linv, and settled at Lexington, Oglethorpe County, 
Georgia; in ISIU, as First Lieutenant of the Forty- 
third Regiment, United States Army, participated 
in the Creek War; in 1818 entered upon the practice 
of his profession ; was elected to the State Legislature 
in 1818, 1819. and 1824; was a Representative in 
Congress irom Georgia from 1831 to 1823, from 1827 
to 1829, and from 1833 to 1835; was Governor of the 
State for the terms commencing in 1829 and 1837, 
land during the latter term removed the Cherokee 
Indians from Georgia; was President of the Koardof 
Presidential Electors in 183(); was also a Presidential 
Elector in 1840; for thirty years performed the duties 
of Trustee of the Georgia College; was tlie author of 
a book, published in 1855, entitled "Georgians," 
which contains much useful and interesting informa- 
tion touching the early settlement of his native 
State. Died at Lexington, Georgia, November 15, 
1859. 

Grilmer, John A.; was born in Guilford County, 
North Carolina, November 4, 1805; acquired a good 
English education at winter schools, working on a 
farm and in the shop during the summers; taught 
school, and thus obtained the means to enter the 
academy at Greeusborough for three years; became 
a good linguist and mathematician, and taught for 
three years in a grammar school; afterwards studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1832; was a 
member of the State Senate from 1846 to 1856, and 
was elected a Representative to the Thirty-tit\h Con- 
gress, serving as a member of the Committee on Elec- 
tions; in 1856 was the Whig candidate for Go\ernor 
ol' North Carolina, but was defeated; was re-elected 
to the Thirty -sixth Congres.s, and made Chairman of 
the Committee on Elections; withdrew in 1861; was 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia " National Union 
Convention " of 1866. Died in Greensborough, May 
14, 1868. 

Gilmer, Thomas W. ; was a native of Virginia; 
received a limited education; studied law, and while 
practicing the profession edited a newspaper; served 
frequently in the Legislature, and was Speaker of 
the House; held many positions of prominence; was 
Governor of the State in 1840; was a Representative 
in Congress from Virginia from 1841 to 1843; was 
Secretary of the Navy under President Tyler; was 
killed by au accident on board the United States 
steamer Princeton, February 28, 1844. 

Gilmore, Alfred; was bom in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1849 to 1853. 

Gilmore, John ; was a Rrpresentative in Con- 
gress from Penusvlvania from 1829 to 1833. Died 
May 18, 1845. 

Gilmore, Joseph Atherton ; was born in 
Weston, Vermont, June 10, 1811; was brought upon 
a farm; went to Boston at the age of fifteen, and en- 
tered a store; became interested in railroads and 
mining, and acquired a large fortune; returned to 
New Hampshire in 1843; was Superintendent of the 
M.anchester and Lawrence Railroad from 1853 to 
1856, and also of the Concord and other connecting 
lines until 1866; wivs State Senator in 1858 and 1859; 
, President of that body in 1859; was Governor of New 
Hampshire from 1863 to 1865. Died in Concord, 
New Hampshire, April 17, 1867. 

Gilpin, Henry D.; was born in Phila<!elphia in 
1801; graduated at the University of Pennsylvania 
in 1819; studied law, and be^an to practice in Phila- 
delphia in 1822; was United States Attorney for his 
State in 1832; Solicitor of the United States Treasury 

13 



in 1837; United States Attorney-General in 1840 and 
1841; published a volume of reports of cases in the 
Eastern District of Pennsylvania in 1837, and "Opin- 
ions of the Attorney-Generals" in 1840; from 1826 to 
1832 edited the Atlantic Souvenir ; was President of 
the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, and Vice- 
President of the Historical Society; wrote sever;il of 
the biographies of the signers of the Declaration of 
Independence, and other biographies and discourses, 
and supervised " The Madison Papers," when pub- 
lished by Congress. Died in Philadelphia, Decem- 
ber 29, 1869. 

Gist, Joseph ; was born in Union District, South 
Carolina, in 1775; was educated at the Charleston 
College; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1799; was a Presidentiril Elector in 1809; served in 
the Legislature of his native State for eighteen years; 
was a Representative in Congress from South C:iro- 
lina from 1821 to 1827; served as a Trustee of the 
State College. Died May 8, 1835. 

Gist, William H.; was born in Sout'i Carolina, 
and was Governor of that State from 1858 to 1860. 

Glass, Presley T.; was born in Halifax County, 
Virginia, October 18, 1829; in 1828 removed, with 
his p.irents, to Weakley County, West Tennessee, 
then almost a wilderness; was reared on a farm; was 
chiefly educated at the "old field schools" of the 
county, and at the Dresden Academy; labored on his 
father's farm until he reached the age of eighteen ; 
then, for two and a half years, received private in- 
struction from the principal of the County Academy; 
read law, and attended the Law School of Transyl- 
vania University, of Kentucky, during one session; 
on his return from college, at the age of twenty-two, 
was elected a Representative in the State Legislature; 
in the same year, 1847, was admitted to the bar; the 
year previous he had been elected, and commissioned 
by the Governor, a Colonel of Militia; at the expira- 
tion of his legislative term entered upon the practice 
of law; in 1849 removed to Lauderdale County, Ten- 
nessee; soon abandoned the practice of his profes- 
sion, and engaged in the occujjation of a merchant; 
in the autumn of 1849 Wiis appointed Trustee of the 
County Male Academy, serving five years; was for 
some time an Alderman of the town of Ripley, in 
which he resided ; in 1852 was elected a Magistrate, 
ser\ang for several years as Chairman of the County 
Court; \vas re-elected, but resigned before the expira- 
tion of liis second term; in May, 1861 was appointed 
Major and Commissary of Subsistence in the Confed- 
erate service, serving throughout the Civil War; at 
the close of the war returned to his home in Ripley; 
in February, 1866, removed to Memphis, Tennessee, 
and engaged in the commission busines.s; two years 
later sold out to his partner, and went to Trenton, 
Tennessee, where he joined his brother John in the 
newspaper business, and became editor of t lie Tren- 
ton Gazette; in December, 1868 he was married, and 
soon after settled on his farm in Haywood County, 
Tennessee; in the autumn of 1869 returned to his old 
home in Ripley, Tennessee, and resumed business as 
a merchant; in 1871 was again elected a JIagistrate; 
was re-elected, and served .is Chairman of the Hoard 
and Judge of the County; in 1881 was elected a Rep- 
resentative in the State Legislature; in 1884 was 
elected a Representative from Tennessee to the forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Glasscock, John R.; was born in Panola Coun- 
ty, Mississippi, .\ugust25, 1845; removed to Virginia 
in 1854, i\nd to California in 1856; received a col- 
legiate education, graduating from the College of 
California (now the University of California) in 1865; 



194 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



studied law, and graduated from the Law School of 
the University of Virginia in 1868; Wiis admitted to 
the bar in Virginia and California in that year and 
engaged in the practice of law in the latter State; in 
1875 was elected District Attorney of Alameda 
County, and served one terra, declining a re-nomina- 
tion; was elected a Kepreseutaiive from California to 
the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Glascock, Thomas; was a soldier and states- 
man of Georgia; served at the siege of Savannah, 
under Count Pulaski, as Lieutenant, and exhibited 
great skill and bravery; was appointed Colonel of the 
troops ordered out by the Legislature, in defense of 
the State against the Indians, on the western frontier, 
and was afterwards elected General of Militia; was a 
Representative in Congress from Georgia from 1836 
to 1839, and highly respected for his talents and 
character. Died at Decatur, Georgia, May 9, 1841. 

GlasgOTV, Hugh ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1813 to 1817. 

Gleason, William E.; was born in Maryland; 
emigrated to Dakota, where he was appointed United 
Stateji Judge lor that Territory, residing at Yankton. 

Glen, John; was a native of Maryland; was lib- 
erally educuted; adopted the profession of the law; 
was for many years a Judge of the United States 
District Court of Maryland. Died in Baltimore, July 
.8, 1853. 

Glenn, Elias; was born in Maryland; was ap- 
pointed Judge of tlie United States Court for that 
State. 

Glenn, Henry ; took an active part in the Revo- 
lutionary War; was a Representative from New York 
in C(mgress from 1793 to 1801. Died at .Schenectady 
in 1814, aged seventy-three years. 

Glick, George W.; was born near Greencastle, 
Fuirtield County. Ohio, July 4, 18'37; received a 
tiiorough English education, and was well advanced 
in the classics; studied law, and wauS .admitted to the 
bar at Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1850; in 1859 removed to 
Kan.sas, .settling at Atchison, in that State, in the 
practice of law; in 1862 was elected a Representative 
in the State Legislature, and, by re-elections, served 
nine sessions in the House and Senate; in 1872 
abandoned his profession and engaged in farming and 
.stock-raising; in 1882 w;is elected Governor of Kansas 
f.)r the term of two years from January, 1883. 

Gloninger , John ; was born in Pennsylvania ; 
was a Representative from that State in the Twelfth 
Congress; resigned before the expiration of his term, 
and E. Crouch was elected in his place. 

Glossbrenner, Adam J.; was born in Hagers- 
town, Maryland, August 31, 1810; apprenticed .it an 
early age to the printing business, which was his 
school; when seventeen years of age traveled in the 
West; I)ecame foreman in the office of the Ohin iLinilor, 
and afterwards of the Wcjiiern Telegraph: in 1829 re- 
turned to Maryland; went thence to Pennsylvania, 
and settled at York, where lie published the York 
Gazette, and held various offices of trust and responsi- 
bility ; in 1849 was elected Sergeant-at-.Vrms of the 
National House of Representatives lortheThirty-lirst 
C ingress, and wa.s re-elected to the same office by the 
four following Congresses; in 1861 was Private Sec- 
retary to President Buchanan; in 1863 became one of 
the founders of the Philadelphia ,l(/c,- in 1864 w;is 
elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
■Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committees on 



Public Lands and Engrossed Bills; was re-elected to 
the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Expenditures in the Navy Department and Execu- 
tive Mansion. 

Glover, John Milton ; was bom in Saint Louis, 
Missouri, June 23, 1835; was educated at Washing- 
ton University, Saint Louis, Missouri; studied law; 
was admitted to the bar, and engaged in the practice 
of law at Saint Louis ; held no public office prior to 
his election as a Representative from Missouri to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Glover, John Montgomery; was born in 
Mercer County, Kentucky, September 4, 1824; re- 
ceived a collegiate education, but left college before 
graduating; studied law, and was admitted to the 
bar, but practiced only a short time; was appointed 
a Colonel of Cavalry; commissioned Colonel of the 
Third Missouri Volunteer Cavalry in 1861 ; r&signed, 
in 1864, on account of impaired health; in 1866 was 
appointed Collector of Internal Revenue for the Third 
District of Missouri; was elected to the Forty-third 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Education 
and Labor; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth and 
Forty-iifth Congresses. 

Goddard, Calvin ; was born in Shrewsbury, 
Massiw-husetts, July 17, 1768; graduated at Dart- 
mouth in 1786; was admitted to the bar in Norwich, 
Connecticut, in 1790; settled at Plainfield, from 
which place he was elected a Representative in the 
Legislature for nine sessions, during three of which 
he was Speaker of the House; removed to Norwich 
in 1807; from 1801 to 1805 was a Representative in 
Congress; from 1808 to 1815 was a member of the 
State Council; in 1813 a Presidential Elector; in 

1814 a Delegate to the Hartford Convention; from 

1815 to 1818 Judge of the Superior Court; was State's 
Attorney for the County of New London for live 
vears, and Mayor of Norwich for seventeen years. 
Died at Norwich, May 2, 1842. 

Godshalk, 'William ; was born at East Not- 
tingham, Pennsylvania. October 25, 1817; received a 
common school and academic education; engaged in 
the occupation of a miller; was Associate Judge of 
Bucks County from 1871 to 1876; was elected a 
Representative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-sixth 
and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Goff, Nathan, Jr.; was born in Harrison County, 
Virginia (now West Virginia) February 9, 1842; at- 
tended the common schools .and the Northwestern 
Academy; in 1859 entered Georgetown College, Dis- 
trict of Columbia; left college in 1861, and entered 
tire Union Army; served throughout the war, rising 
to the rank of Brevet Brigadier-General; graduated 
from the University of the City of New York, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1865; was elected a Rep- 
resentative in the State Legislature in 1867; re- 
elected in 1868; before the expiration of his term, 
was appointed United States District Attorney, and 
served in that capacity until .lanuary, 1881; was an 
unsuccessful candidate for Congress in 1870, and for 
Governor in 1876; was a Delegate to the Republican 
National Conventions of 1868, 1872, 1876, and 1880; 
in .January, 1881, became Secretary of the Navy in 
the Cabinet of President Hayes, serving until March, 
1881; upon retiring from the Cabinet, was re-ap- 
pointed United States District Attorney, which 
office he resigned in 1882; was elected a Representa- 
tive from West Virginia to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress; was re-elect«d to the Forty-ninth Congress. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



195 



Goforth, John ; was born in Pennsylvania; in 
1873 was appoiuteil an Attorney-General of the 
"United States. 

Ooggin, Williara L.; was born in Bedford 
County, Virsiiiiia, May HI, 1807; received an aca- 
demic education; studied law in Winchester; was 
admitted to tlie bar in 18'2S, and practiced in several 
ol" the Circuit and District Courts of the State; iu 
1836 was a member of the Legi-slature, and in 18.37 
declined are-election; in 1839 was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress Irom Virginia, and was re- 
clecrted in 1841, 1843, and 1847; was Chairman of 
the Committee on Post Offices and Post Ro:i(ls during 
his last term; was afterwards appointed one of the 
Visitors to West Point, under the administnition of 
President Fillmore; iu 1859 was nominated a.s the 
Whig candiilate for Governor of Virginia. Died iu 
Kichmond, January 5, 1870. 

Grold, Thomas R.; was a native of Ns^ York; 
gra<luated at Yale College in 1786; was a member of 
the State Senate from 1797 to 1802; a member of the 
Assembly in 1808; a Representative in Congress from 
New York from 1809 to 1813, and again from 1815 to 
1817. Died in 18-26. 

Goldsboroug-h, Charles W.; was Governor of 
the State of JIaryland; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1805 to 1817. Died at Shoal Creek, Mary- 
land December 13, 1834. 

Goldsborough, Robert ; was a Delegate from 
MaryUind to the Continental Congress from 1774 to 
177.'); at the time the Declaration of Independence 
was signed, he was at home on a sick-bed, and .soon 
afterwards died, at his residence in Maryland; he was 
by profession a physician. 

G-oldth-waite, George ; was bom in Boston, 
Ma.ssacluisetts, Deecmber 10, 1809; received a good 
education: rem()\ed to .Vlabama; studied law, and 
■was admitted to the bar in 18'26; was on the Bench 
of the Circuit Conrt, and afterward of the Supreme 
Court, of which he was Chief Justice for some years; 
•was .A.djntant-General of Alabama during the war; 
was elected to the United States Senate in 1870 for 
the term ending in 1877; when elected, his residence 
was Montgoniery, Alabama; served on the Committee 
on Claims and Revolutionary Claims. 

GoUaday, Edw^ard I.; was born in Lelianon, 
, Tennessee, September 9, 1831; graduated at Cumber- 
land University; taught school; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1852; was elected to the 
State Legislature iu IS.")"; w;is a Presidential Elector 
ill 18(iO; served iu the Confederate Army as Colonel, 
and participate I in several important engagements; 
w;is elected to the Forty-second Congress, serving on 
[ the Committee on Patents. 

Golladay, Jacob S.; was a native of Kentucky; 
Av as a member of the Legislature of that State from 
l.iigan County in 1850, 1851, and 1853; a State Sen- 
;iiiir from 18.53 to 1855; in 1867 was elected a Repre- 
^'■ntative in Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by 
I !!•■ death of Judge Hise; resigned in 1870; was also 
• Ucted to the Forty-first Congress to fill a vacancy. 

Gooch, Daniel "W.; was born in Wells, State of 
JIaine, in .lauuary, 1820; graduated at Dart mouth Cid- 
lege in 1.S43; studied law, and came to the liar in 1846; 
commenced the practice of his profession in Boston; 
in 1852 was elected to the Legislature of Massachu- 
setts; in 18.53 to the Constitutional Convention of the 
State, and sub-;eqaently a Representative in the 
Thirty-fifth Congress from Miissachusetts, for an un- 



expired term; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving as a member of the Coniuiittee on Ter- 
ritories; re-elected to the Thirty -seventh Congress, 
serving on the Special Committee on the Conduct <^f 
the War; re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Private Land Claims 
and Foreign Afl'airs; re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, but in 1865 was appointed, by President 
.Johnson, Navy Agent for the poft of Boston; was a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Conven- 
tion " of 1866; again elected to the Forty-third Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Naval Atfairs. 

Goode, John, Jr.; was born in Bedford County, 
Virginia, May 27, 1829; was a student at the New 
London Academy; graduated at Emory and Henry 
College in 1848; studied law, and was admitted to 
tlie bar in 1851; was elected a member of the Legis- 
lature of Virginia in 1851, and again in 1866; was a 
mcmiber of the Virginia Convention which ado|)ted 
the Ordinance of Secession in 1861; was elected to 
the Confederate Congress in 1861; re-elect(^d in \x6'.i, 
and served in that position until the close of the war; 
was a member of the Electoral College iu 18,52, and 
again in 1856; was a Delegate to the National Demo- 
cratic Convention in 1868, and was appointed, by 
that body, a member of its Executive Committee, and 
re-appointed at Baltimore in 1872; was elected a 
Representative from Virginia to the Forty-fourth, 
Forty-fifth, and Forty-sixth Congresses; in 1885 was 
appointed, by President Cleveland, Solicitor-tieneral 
of the United States, and served several months, but 
his nomination was finally rejected by the Senate. 

Goode, Patrick G.; was born in Virginia; was 
elected a Representative in Congress from Ohio from 
1837 to 1843. 

Goode, Samuel ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress liom Virginia from 1799 to 1801. 

Goode, William O.; was born at Inglewood, 

Mecklenburg County, Virginia, September 16, 1798; 
was educated at the College of William and Mary; 
studied law, and commenced the practice in 1821; 
was, early in life, elected lor .several terms a member 
of the .State Legislature; in 1829 was a member of 
the State Reform Convention of Virginia; in 1832 
was again elected to the Stat* Legislature, and took 
an active part iu the debates on slavery of that year; 
was again elected to the Legislature in 1838; was 
elected a Representative in Congress from Virginia 
in 1841. .serving until 1843; was snbsei|ueutly again 
elected to the Legislature, and was Speaker of the 
House of Delegates for several sessions; was a mem- 
ber of the State Reform Convention of 18.50, and was 
chosen Chairman of the Legislative Committee; was 
a member of the House of Delegates, called to put the 
New Constitution into operation, and Chairman of 
the Committee on Finance; in 1853 was again elected 
a Representative in Congress from Virginia, and was 
regul.arly re-elected until the Tbirty-tifth Congress, 
iu which he served as Chairman of the Committee on 
the District of Columbia. Died near Boytltow n, Vir- 
ginia, July 3, 1859. 

Goodenow, John M.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Ohio from 1829 to 1831. Died in 1838, 
aged fifty-six years. 

GoodenO'W, Robert; was born in Farniington, 
New Hampshire, in I'^OO; admitted to the bar in 
1821; was County Attorney Irom LS28 to KH, and 
in 1841; having taken up his residence iu Maine, was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1851 to 18,53; in 1857 was appointed Bank Commis- 
sioner for the State. 



196 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



G-OOdeno'W, Rufus K.; was born in Henniker, 
New Hampshire, April 24, 1790; removed with his 
fatlier to Browntield, Maine, wliere he was educated 
ill a country scliool ; was a farmer, and for many years 
a common sailor; entered the army in 1812 as Captain 
in the Thirty-third Eegiment of United States In- 
fantry, and served in that capacity until 1815; upon 
the organization of a State Government was ap- 
pointed Clerk of the Courts for Oxford CQunty, and 
removed to Paris ; held this office sixteen years ; was a 
member of the Maine Legislature; a Presidential 
Elector in 1840; represented his District in the Thirty- 
first Congress. Died at Paris, March 24, 1863. 

Goodhue, Benjamin ; was born at Salem, Massar 
chusetts, October 1, 1748; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1766; receivedliterary honors from Yale 
College in 1804; early in life engaged in commercial 
pursuits; was a Whig during the Revolution; repre- 
sented his native county in the State Senate from 1784 
to 1789, when he was elected a Representative to 
Congress under the new constitution, and, assisted 
by Mr. Fitzsimmons, of Philadelphia, formed our 
code of revenue laws, the majority of which have 
never been abrogated; in 1796 was elected a Senator 
of the United States, and liecame distinguished as 
Chairman of the Committee on Commerce; in 1800 
resigned his seat and retired from public life. Died 
at Salem, July 28, 1814. 

Goodin, Jolin R.; was born at Tiffin, Ohio, 
December 14, 1836; removed to Kenton, Ohio, in 1844; 
received acollegiate education; studied law; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1857, and commenced practice at 
Kenton; in 1859 removed to Humboldt, Kansas; in 
1866 was elected a Representative in the State Legis- 
lature; in 1867 was elected Judge of the Seventh 
Judicial District for the term of four years; was re- 
elected in 1871 ; resigned in 1875, to take his seat as 
a Representative from Kansas to the Forty-fourth 
Congress. 

Goodloe, ■WilliamC; was a resident of Ken- 
tucky; in 1878 was appointed United States Minister 
to Belgium. 

Goodrich, Aaron; was a Native of Tennessee; 
received a good education, and adopted the profession 
of the law; in 1849 was appointed Chief Justice of 
the United States District Court for the Territory of 
Minnesota, and was the first Judge apjiointed for 
that District. 

Goodrich, Chauncey; was born at Durham, 
Connecticut, Octobi-r 20, 1759; graduated at Yale 
College in 1776, with a high reputation for genius 
and aequiremeuts; after spending several years as 
tutor in that institution, established himself as a 
lawyer at Hartford in 1781, and soon attained 
eminence in the profession; was a Representative in 
the Legislature in 1793; a Representative in Congress 
from 1795 to 1801; from 1802 to 1807 was a Councilor 
of the State; was elected United States Senator from 
1807 to 1813; was elected Mayor of Hartford in 1812, 
and resigned his seat in Congress; was elected Lieu- 
tenant-Governor of the State in 1813; w.os a Delegate 
to the Harttbrd Convention in 1814. Died at Hart- 
ford, August 18, 1815. 

Goodrich, Eliztor ; belonged to the Washington 
school of Federalists, and his remov.al from the office 
i)f Collector of Customs at New Haven, immediately 
on the accession of Jefl'erson to the Presidency, gave 
occasion for the famous letter in which Jefferson 
avowed his principle of removal for political opinions; 
besides being honored with various offices of trust 
•ind responsibility, was, for some time, professor of 



Law in Yale College, and for many years the efficient 
Mayor of New Haven; was twice elected to the State 
Legislature; was a Judge of tlie County and Probate 
Courts for fifteen years; was a Presidential Elector in 
1797; was a Representative in Congress from Con- 
necticut from 1799 to 1801. Died in New Haven, 
November 1, 1849. 

Goodrich, John Z.; was born in Sheffield, Mas- 
sacliusetts, September 27, 1801; adopted the profes- 
sion of the law, but turned his attention to manu- 
tacturing; was a Presidential Elector in 1841; served 
in the State Legislature in 1848 and 1849; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1851 to 1855, from his 
native State: ia 1861 was appointed, by President 
Lincoln, Collector of Boston; was a Delegate to the 
" Peace Congress " of 1861. Jt^j^ A^' . 2 ^ ^r isS'. 

Goodrich, Milo ; was born in Homer, New York, 
January 3, 1820; received an academic education; 
studied -law; was a member of the State Constitu- 
tional Convention in 1867; was elected to the Forty- 
second Congress, serving on the Committee on the 
Judiciary. 

Goodwin, Henry C; was bom in De Ruyt«r, 
Madison County, New York, June 25, 1824; received 
an academic education; studied law, and was admit- 
ted to the bar in 1846; in 1847 was elected District 
Attorney of Madison County, and held the office 
three years; was a Representative from New York to 
the second session of the Thirty-third Congress, and 
was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Claims. Died at 
Hamilton, Madison County, New York, November 
12, 1860. 

Good-win, Ichabod ; was born in South Ber- 
wick, Massachusetts Province, May 25, 1743; ac- 
companied his father, who was wounded, in 1758, to 
Ticonderoga; was a member of the Provincial Con- 
gress in 1775 and 1777; was Lieutenant-Colonel of 
Gerrish's York County regiment, having charge of the 
Saratoga prisoners; was Major-General of Militia 
from 1783 to 1815; a member of the General Court in 
1792; sherifi" of York County, Maine, from 1793 to 
1820. Died in South Berwick, May 25, 1829. 

Goodwin, Ichabod; was Governor of New 
Hampshire from 1860 to 1861. 

Goodwin, John N.; was born in South Ber- 
wick, Maine; graduated at Dartmouth College in 
1844; studied law, and commenced practice in South 
Berwick; in 1854 was elected to the Senate of Maine; 
in 1860 was a Representative from Maine to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Committees 
on the Militia and Invalid Pensions; was subse- 
([uently appointed, by President Lincoln, Chief Jus- 
tice of the Territory of Arizona, and afterwards Gov- 
ernor; was elected a Delegate from Arizona to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress. 

Goodwin, Peterson ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Virginia from 1803 to 1818. Died in 
November of the latter year. 

Goodyear, Charles ; was bom in Cobleskill, 
Schoharie County, New York, April 26, 1805; gradu- . 
ated at Union College in 1824; studied law, and | 
came to the bar in 1827, was a member of the State 
Assembly in 1839; in 1841 was appointed First 
Judge of Schoharie County; was a Representative 
from New York in the Twenty-ninth Congress; dis- 
continued the practice of his profession in 1852, and 
turned his attention to the business of private bank- 
ing in Schoharie and the city of New York; in 1864 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



197 



■was elected a Representative from New York to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress; during his first term in Con- 
gress he served on the Committee on Invalid Pen- 
sions, and during the Thirty-ninth Congress on the 
Committees on Private Land Claims, Revolutionary 
Pensions, and on a Bureau of Education; was a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia " National Union Conven- 
tion " oflSGO, and that of New York in 1808. 

Grordon, James ; was for seven years a member 
of the State Senate of New York; twelve years in the 
State Assembly; was a Representative in Congress 
from New York from 1791 to 1795. 

Gordon, John B.; was born in Upson County', 
Georgia, February 6, 1832; was educated at the Uni- 
versity of Georgia; was admitted to the bar; at the 
beginning of the war entered the Confederate Army 
as Captain of Infantry, and was promoted, by regu- 
lar grades, to the command of the Second Army 
Corps; commanded one wing of General Lee's army 
at Appomattox Court House; was wounded in battle 
eight times; was the Democratic candidate for Gov- 
ernor of Georgia in 1868, and his party claimed his 
election by a large majority, but his opponent was 
declared elected; was a member of the National 
Democratic Convention of 1868; was a Delegate from 
the State at large to the National Democratic Con- 
vention of 1872; was a Presidential Elector in 1868 
and in 1872; was elected to the United States Senate 
for the term commencing in 1873 and ending in 1879, 
serving on the Committees on Commerce, Agricul- 
ture, and Education and Labor; was re-elected for 
the term ending in 1885: resigned in 1880. 

Gordon, Samuel; was born in New York; 
served in the State Assembly in 1834; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from that State from 1841 to 
1843, and again from 1845 to 1847; in 1863 was ap- 
pointed Provost-Marshal for the Nineteenth District 
of New York. 

Gordon, 'William ; was a graduate of Harvard 
College in 1779; was Attorney-General for the State 
of New Hampshire; a Representative in Congress 
from New Hampshire from 1797 to 18110, when he re- 
signed. Died in Boston, May, 1802, aged thirty- 
nine yeais. 

Gordon, ■William P.; was a native of Virginia; 
was a Representative in Congre-ss from that Slate 
from 1828 to 1835; he is said to have been the orig- 
inator of the Sub-Treasury System. Died in Albe- 
marle County, July 2, 1858. 

Gore, Christopher;, was born in Boston, Mas- 
sacliusetts, in 1758; graduated at Harvard College in 
1776; settled in Boston as a lawyer, and in 17K9 was 
appointed District Attorney for the District of Mas- 
sachusetts, under the new Constitution of the Unit(!d 
States; in 1796 was appointed a Commissioner under 
tlie Iburth article ot Jay's Treaty; thi.s appointment 
compelled him to go to London, where he remained 
eight years, during the last of which he was Charge 
tVAtJ'iiin-x: was chosen Governor in 1809; in 1813 
was chosen a Senator of the United States, in which 
eapa<?ity he served until 1816, when, after serving as 
a Presidentiul Elector during that year, he retired 
to private life. Died March 1, 1827, aged sixty- 
eight. Having no cliildrfii, Mr. Gore lelt valuable 
bequests to the .\mi'ricaii .\cademy and the llistoii- 
<h1 Society, of which he was a member, and made 
Harvard College, of which in.stitutmn he had been a 
I'ellow and Trustee, his residuary legatee. H<! was 
for a time the legal tutor and adviser of Daniel 
Webster. 



Gorham, Benjamin; was born in Charlestown, 
Massachusetts, February 13, 1775; graduated at Cam- 
bridge in 1795; studied law with Tlieophilus Parsons, 
of Newburyport, and rose to eminence at the bar ^f 
Boston; was a Representative in Congress from the 
Suflblk District from 1820 to 1823, and from 1827 to 
1831, and from 1833 to 1835; was afterwards for a 
short time a member of the State Legislature, but 
spent the closing years of his life in retirement. 
Died in Boston, JIassachusetts, September 27, 1H55. 

Gorham, Charles T.; was Assistant Secretary 
of the Department of the Interior at Washington, 
from March, 1876, to April, 1877. 

Gorham, George C; was born in New York; 
removed to California, where he entered into politics, 
and was defeated for two or three elective offices; in 
1868 was elected Secretary of the United States Sen- 
ate, in which position he continued until 1881. 

Goi'ham, Nathaniel; was born inCharle.stown, 
Massachusetts, May 27, 1738; received a common 
school education; settled in business in his native 
town; was its Representative in the Legislature liom 
1771 to 1775; was a Delegate to the Provincial Con- 
gress in 1774 and 1775; again a member of the Leg- 
islature, and a member of the Board of War from 
1778 until its dissolution; was a Delegate to the 
State Constitutional Convention in 1779; a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress in 1783 and 1783, and 
from 1785 to 1787, and was chosen President of that 
body in 1786; was, for several years, a Judge of the 
Court of Common Pleas; was a member of the Con- 
vention for framing the Federal Constitution, and 
was called by Washington to fill the chair in the 
Committee of the Whole for three months; was 
afterwards influential in its adoption by the Stale; 
in connection with Oliver Phelps he purchas<"(l an 
immense tract of land on the Genesee River, now 
comprising ten or twelve counties in the State of New 
York, of which tract his eldest son was a pioneer 
settler. Died at Canandaigua, October 22, l82(i. 

Gorman, Arthur P.; was bom in Howard 
County, Maryland, JIarch 11, 1839; received a lim- 
ited education; in l.'^52 was appointed a Page in the 
United States Senate; continued in the service of 
that body until 1866, at which time he was Post- 
master of the Senate; in that year was removed from 
office, and was immediately appointed Collector of 
Internal Revenue for the Fifth District of Maryland, 
remaining in office until 1869; in that year was ap- 
pointed a Director in the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal 
Company; in the same year was electe<l a member of 
the State House of Delegates; was re-elected in 1K71, 
and was made Speaker; in 1872 was elected President 
of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Comi)aiiy, and 
continued in that position by successive re-elections; 
was a State Senator from 1875 to 1H80, when here- 
signed, having been elected a Senator of the United 
States from Maryland for the term of six years, from 
March 4, 1881. ' 

Gorman, Willis Arnold; was born near 
Flemingsburg, Kentucky, January 12, I^^l I; .studied 
law, and commenced practice in 1825 at I'.looming- 
ton, Indiana; in \AM and 1838 was Clerk of the 
Indiana Senate; was several years a member of tlie 
State IjCgislature; was Major of the Third Indiana 
Volunteers in the Mexican War; comnian(le<l an 
independent battalion at the battle of Buena Vista; 
in 1847 raised the Fourth Indiana Volunteers, which 
he commanded in .several battles; in 1848 was Civil 
and Military Governor of Pueh'n; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from 1849 to 1853, from Kentucky; 



198 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



•was Governor of Minnesota from 1853 to 1857; mem- 
ber of its Constitutional Convention in 1857; prac- 
ticed law at St. Paul until 1861, when he was chosen 
Colonel of the First Minnesota Volunteers; appointed 
Brigadier-General, September, 1861; was in the bat- 
tles of Ball's Bluff and West Point; led a bayonet 
charge at Fair Oaks, and commanded a brigade in 
Howard's division of Second Corps at Antietam. 

Gorshire, "William R.; was born in New York; 
removed to Colorado, where he was appointed 
United States Judge for the Territory of Colorado, 
residing at Denver. 

Gross, James H.; was born at Union Court 
House, South Carolina, August 9, 18-20; engaged in 
mercantile pursuits; was a Delegate to the State 
Constitutional Convention of 1867; was elected a 
Representative from South Carolina to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Commit tee on Revolutionary 
Claims. 

Gott, Daniel ; was born in Connecticut; on re- 
moving to New York was elected a Representative in 
Congress from 1847 to 1851. 

Gould, Herman D.; was born in Connecticut; 
liaving taken up his residence in New York, was 
elected a Representative in Congress from that State, 
from 1849 to 1851. Died in Delhi, New York, in 
1852. 

Gouxdin, Theodore ; was a Representative in 
Congress from South Carolina I'rom 1813 to 1815. 
Died January 17, 1826. 

Govan, A. R.; was born in Orangeburg, South 
Carolina; was a Representative in Congre.ss from 
South Carolina from 1822 to 1827, having first been 
elected for the unexpired term of James Overstreet. 

Gove, Samuel F.; was born in Weymouth, 
Ma.ssachusetts, March 9, 1822; received a common 
school education; removed to Georgia in 1838, and 
engaged in mercantile pursuits; was a Captain and 
Assessor of Taxes for Bibb County in the Confederate 
service; was a Delegate to the State Constitutional 
Convention of 18:i7; Was elected a Representative 
from Georgia to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Coniiu'ttee on the Navy Department. 

Graham, Daniel ; was born in Tennessee; in 
1847 was appointed Register of tlie Treasury Depart- 
ment, remaining in office until 1849. 

Graham, James ; was bom in Lincoln County, 
North Carolina, in .January, 1793; graduated at the 
University of that State in 1814; studied law, and 
practiced with success for many years; served four 
years in the State Legislature; was a Representative 
in Congre.ss from North Carolina from 1833 to 1843, 
and from 1845 to 1847; pa.s.sed the closing years of his 
life engaged in agricultural pursuits. Died Septem- 
ber 25, 1851. 

Graham, James H.; was elected a Representa- 
tive from New York to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on Accounts. 

Graham, John ; was a citizen of Virginia; in 
1819 was appointed Minister I'lenipotentiary to Por- 
tugal; also went to Brazil on diplomatic business; 
returned to the United States in 1820. Died July 31 
of that year. 

Graham, 'William ; was born in 1783; received 
a limited education; wasamember of the Convention 
which framed the State Constitution of Indiana; 
served many years in both branches of tlie State Leg- 



islature, and was Speaker in 1820; was a Represent* 
ative in Congress from Indiana from 1837 to 1839J 
Died near Valonia, Indiana, in 1857. 

Graham, 'William A.; was bom in North Caro-i 
lina, .•September 5, 1804, and was the a)n of General 
.Joseph tJraham of the Revolution; waa educated at' 
Chapel Hill University, where he graduated in 1824 j 
studied law, and came to the bar at Newberne; served- 
in the State Legislature from 1833 to 1836, and also' 
in 1839 and 1840; was a Senator in Congress from 
North Carolina from 1841 to 1843; in 1844 was elected' 
Governor of the State, and re-elected in 1846; was> 
Secretary of the Navy under President Filmore; sub- 
sequently was nominated for the office of Vice-Presi-' 
dent on the ticket with "S\'infield Scott; was a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia "National Union Convention" 
of 1866; subsequently held the position of Arbitrator 
between the States of Virginia and Maryland. Died 
at Saratoga, New York, August 11, 18'75. 

Granger, Amos P.; was born in Suffield, Hart- 
ford County, Connecticut, in June, 1789; received a 
common school education; in 1811 removed to Man- 
lius. New York, and was for a time President of that 
corporation ; served as a Captain of Militia at Sackett's 
Harbor in 1812; subsequently became a General of 
Militia; in 1820 removed to Syracuse, and for many 
years devoted himself to agricultural and mercantile 
pursuits; was elected a Representative from New 
York to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses, 
ser\ing on the Committee on Territories; in early 
life became zealously attached to the Episcopal 
Church, and by his liberality and knowledge of 
ecclesiastical history did much for the prosperity of 
the church in his section of the country; was a cousin 
of Francis Granger. Died in Syracuse, New York, 
August 20, 1866. 

Grang-er, Bradley F.; was born in New York; 
w;is elected a Reproseutati\e from Michigan to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Revolutionary Pensions. 

Granger, Francis ; was born December 1, 1792, 
in Suffield, Hartford County, Connecticut: graduated' 
at Yale College in 1811; on removing to New York 
was, lor five years from 1826, a member of the Gen- 
enji Assembly of th.at State; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1835 to 1837, and again 
from 1839 to 1841, when he resigned to accept from 
President Harrison, the appointment of Postmaster- 
General; after that time lived in retirement; was a 
member of the Peace Convention of 1861. Died at 
Canandaigua, New York, August 28, 1868. 

Granger, Gideon; was l)orn in Suffield, Con- 
necticut, July 19, 1767; graduated at Yale College in 
1787; in the following year was admitted to the bar 
of the Supreme Court of Connecticut, where he prac- 
ticed with great distinction; in 1793 was elected a 
member of the Legislature, and continued in that 
body several years; to his exertions the State is 
principally indebted for its school fund; in 1801 was 
appointed Postmaster-General of the L'nited States, 
and continued in that office until 1814, when he re- 
moved to the State of New York: in lsl9 was elected 
to the State Senate, which position he resigned in 
1821, on account of ill-health ; did much to promote 
internal improvements in the State; and gave one 
thousand acres of land in aid of the canal. Died in 
Canandaigua, December 31, 1>^22. His writings were 
contined almost entirely to political subjects; his 
principal publications were written in fevor of the 
administrations of President Oeflersou and Governor 
Clinton, and on the School Fund of Connecticut. H«/ 
was an able speaker and a powerful writer. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



19 9 



Grant, Abraham P.; was born in New York; 
■\\as n K'l'prrsi ntalive in Coiigri'ss from tliat State 
liom Wo' to Iti'id. 

G-rant, James Benton ; was born in Russell 
t'oiinty, Alabama, January 2, 18-18; served in tlic 
('ont'ederatc Army from Janu.iry to April, 1H().5; re- 
moved to Iowa in 1S7I); atteiuled the Iowa Aarieul- 
tural College three years, Cornell University one year 
and the School of Mines, at Freiberg, Saxony, two 
years; then, in 187(), visited Australia and New 
Zealand, niakin;; a critical examination of the ore 
mines ol' those countries; settled at Lcadville, Colo- 
rado, in 1S77, and engagerl in the business of smelt- 
ing; in 1882 was elected Governor of Colorado. 

Grant, tTlysses S. ; was born in Point Pleasant, 
Clermont County, Ohio, April 27, 1822. Although 
originally named Hiram t'ly.sses, the Congressman 
who nominated him for the West Point Academy 
gave his name by mistake as Ulysses S., and by tliat 
name he has ever been recognized; graduated at the 
Military Academy in 1843, and as Second Lieutenant 
was assigned to the Fourth Infantry; continued in 
the army for eleven years, and participated in most 
of the battles of tlie .Mexican War, serving under 
(ienerals Scott and Taylor, and receiving two brevets 
for gallantry at Molino del Rey and Chapultepec; 
while serving in Oregon, in 1852, was promoted to 
the rank of Captain; in 18.">4 resigned his commis- 
sion, and settled on a farm near St. Loui.s, Missouri; 
in 1859 was a real e.state agent in St. Louis; early in 
1 SGO removed to Galena, Illinois, where he joined his 
father and a brother in the manufacture of leather. 
When the Reljellion commenced he raised and took 
command of a company of Volunteers; before the 
close of 1861 was Colonel of the Twenty-tirst Illinois 
Regiment, and was made a Brigadier-General of Vol- 
unteers; in 1862 was promoted to the rank of Major- 
I General of Volunteers, from which time liis military 
history is to be traced in his achievements at Fort 
Donelson, Shiloh, Corinth, luka, Vieksburg, and 
Chattanooga, in the west and south, and at the 
Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, and Peters- 
burg in Virginia, culminating in the surrender of 
(xeneral Robert E. Lee, on April 9, 1865; on July 4, 
1863, was appointed, by President Lincoln, Major- 
General in the Regular Army; was appointed Lieu- 
tenant-General March 2, 1864, receiving his commis- 
sion directly from the hands of the President; the 
full title of Gi'iieral was conferred upon him July 25, 
1866; after the close of the Rebellion toolc command 
ol the armies of the Uniteil Slates, with his head- 
quarters at AVa-shington. In l)e<'ember, 1863, Con- 
gress pa.s.sed a joint resolution thanking him and the 
.soldiers who fought under him for their gallant 
siM'vices, and awarding him a gold medal; on l)e- 
ieud)er 12, 1867, was appointed, by President John- 
son, SeiTetary of War «</ inleriin, in the place of E. 
M. Stanton, suspended, which position he held until 
the Novcnil)er following, wlien the Senate refused to 
sanction the suspension of .Mr. .8tant<m: in 18()8 was 
elected President ol' the United States; inaugurated 
assuchon March 4, 1869; was re-elected in 1872 tor the 
term ending in 1877. Died at Mt. McGregor, July 
23, 1885. 

Grantland,^ Seaton ; was born in Virginia; 
having taken up Ins r<'sidence near .Milledgeville, in 
Georgia, was elected a Representative in Congress 
from that Slate liom 1835 to 1839; wa.s also a Presi- 
dential Elector. 

Gravely, Joseph J.; was born in Henry County, 
A'irginia, in 182>^; r<*ceived a cijmmon scIkioI cdue;i- 
tiou; passed his youth ehictly on a farm; in 18.53 and 



1854 was elected to the Virginia Legislature; during 
the lat ter year removed to Missouri ; was elected to 
the ('(Mivention of that .State in 1860; in 1862 was 
elected to the Senate of tlic .State, and re-elected in 
Isdl: during a part of the Rebellion was Colonel of 
the iOiglith IJegiment of Missouri Cavalry; after the 
cIo.se of the war turned liis attention to the practice 
of law; in 1866 was elected a Re])resentative from 
Missouri to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the Militia and Educiition and Labor. 

Graves, Alexander ; was born in Mis.sissippi, 
.A.ugu.st 29, 1844: wlieii the Civil War broke out was 
attending Centre College, Kentucky; lel't college, and 
entered the (Confederate Army, serving throughout 
the war; in 1865 resumed his studies, and graduated 
from Oakland (now Alcorn) University, Mississippi, 
in 1867; studied law, and graduated from the Law 
De]iartnient of the University of Virginia in l'^69; 
settled at Le-xingtoii, Missouri, in the practice of his 
prolession; in 1872 was elected Cily Attorney of Lex- 
ington; in 1S74 was elected Prosecuting .Vttorney of 
Lafayette County; was elected a Ri'prcsentativc from 
Missouri to the I'orty-eightli Congress. 

Graves, Ed'ward O.; wa.s born in Herkimer 
County, New York, August 3, 1843; was cHlueatcd at 
Fairtield Seminary and at Hobiirt College, Geneva, 
New York; on leaving college, June 1, 186,3, was ap- 
pointed a clerk in the office of the Treasurer of the 
United States at Washington City; was i)romoted 
through the intermediate grades and on Maj' 15, 
1868, was appointed Chief Clerk of the Treasurer's 
office; in April, 1872, was appointed, by President 
Grant, a member of the Treasury Board of (Civil Ser- 
vice Examiners; in October, 1873, was appointed 
Chief Examiner of the C'ivil Service; .July 1, 1874, 
was appointed Superintendent of the newly-created 
National Bank Redemption ."Vgency; in 1877 w.as 
Chairman of a committee appointed to examine the 
Bureau of Engraving and Printing in the Treasury 
Department; April 1, 1883, was appointed Assistant 
Treasurer of the United States at Washington ; June 
1, 1885, was appointed Chief of the Bureau of En- 
gra\ing and Printing in the United States Treasury 
Department at Washington. 

Graves, ■William J.; was a member of the Ken- 
tucky Legislature from Henry County in 1834; was a 
Representative in Congress from Kentucky from 1835 
to 1841; in 1838 engaged in a duel at Bladeusburg, 
Maryland, with Jonathan C^illey, in which the latter 
was killed; was again a member of the Legislature in 
1843 Irom Jefferson County; w.as a Presidential 
Elector in 1848. Died at Louisville, September 27, 
1848, aged Ibrty-tliree years. 

Gray, Edward ; w.as a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1799 to 1813. 

Gray, George ; was born at Nevr Castle, Dela- 
ware, May 4, 1840; graduated from Princeton College 
in 18.59, receiving the degree of .\. ]'., and in 1862 
received the degree of A. M. ; after studying law with 
his father, ."Vndrew 0. Gray, spent a year in the 
Harvard Law School; was admitted to th(^ bar in 
1863, and began the practice of law at New (Jastle; 
was a|)pointed .Mforney-lieneral of the State of 
Delaw;ire, in 1879, by Governor Hall, and re-ap- 
pointeil, in 1884, by Governor .Stock ley; was a Delegate 
to the Democratic National Conventions of 1876, 
1880. and 1884; was elected to the United .Slates 
Senate, to till the vacancy caused by the appointment 
of Thom:is F. I'.ayard as Secretary of State;, and took 
his scat March 19, 1885. 



200 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Gray, Hiratn ; was born in Salem, Washington 
County, New York, April 10, 1802; graduated at 
Union College in 1821; studied law, and came to the 
bar in 1823; settled in Elmna, and there practiced his 
profession; was a Representative in Congress from 
New York from 1837 to 1839; in 1846 was Judge of 
the Sixth Judicial District; in 1847 one of the Justices 
of the Sujireme Court, serving in that capacity until 
1860 

Gray, Horace; was born at Boston, Massa- 
chusetts, Maich 24, 1828; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1845; studied law; was admitted to the 
bar in 1851, and engaged rn practice at Boston; was 
Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Judicial Court 
of Massachusetts from 1854 to 1861 ; in 1864 was ap- 
pointed an Associate Justice of that Coui-t, and in 
1873 became Chief Justice of the same Tribunal; in 
1881 was appointed an Associate Justice of the 
Supreme Court of the United States. 

Gray, Isaac P.; was born in Chester County, 
Penns3'lvaijia; his ancestors were members of the 
Society of Friends, his great-grandfather having 
come to America with William Penn, and served as a 
member of the General Assembly from 16S4 to 1692, 
when Penn was Governor and proprietary ot the 
province; in 1836 Mr. Gray's parents removed to 
Ohio, he being but a child at that time; received a 
common school education; in 1855 removed to Union 
City, Indiana; studied law; was admitted to the bar 
and engaged in practice at Union City; in 1857 was 
elected a member of the City Council; in 1862 was 
appointed, by Governor Morton, Colonel of the Fourth 
Indiana Cavalry; in 1864 raised the One Hundred 
and Forty-seventh Regiment of Indiana Infantry; in 
1866 was an unsuccessful candidate ibr Congress; in 
1868 was elected a State Senator; in July, 1870, was 
appointed, by President Grant, Consul to St. 
Thomas, but declined the position; in 1872 was a 
Delegate to the Liberal Republican National Con- 
vention and was appointed, by tlie Convention, the 
Indiana Representative on the National Committee; 
in 1876 was elected Lieutenant-Governor of Indiana; 
became Governor on the death of Governor James D. 
Williams; was re-nominated in 1880, but was not 
elected; in 1881 received the complimentary vote of 
his party in the Legislature for United States Sena- 
tor; in 1884 was elected Governor of Indiana for the 
t-erm of four years. 

Gray, John C; was born in Southampton Coun- 
ty, Virginia; was a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1820 to 1821, for the unexpired term 
of James Johnson. 

Grayson, "William ; was born in Prince William 
County, Virginia; educated at the University of Ox- 
ford, England; studied law at the Temjile, London, 
and settled in Dumfries, Virginia; was appointed 
Aid-de-camp to General Washington, August 24, 
17 6; Colonel of a Virginia regiment January 1, 
1777; Commissioner of the Board of War in 1780 
and 1781; a Commissioner to treat with Sir William 
Howe respecting prisoners, while the army wiis at 
Valley Forge, and at Monmouth commanded his reg- 
iment with valor; was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress from 1784 to 1787; member of the Virginia 
Convention to consider the Federal Constitution in 
1788, but, with Henry, opposed its adoption; in 1789 
and 1790 was United States Senator from Virginia. 
Died at Dumfries, wliile on his way to the Seat of 
Go\ernment, March 12, 1790. 

Grayson, "William ; was bom in Maryland in 
1786; was a planter; served in both branches of the 
State Legislature, and took an active part in the suc- 



cessful struggle to obtain a new State Constitution in 
1838; was Governor of Maryland from 1838 to 1841. 
Died in Queen Anne County, July 9, 1868. 

Grayson, "William J.; was born in Beaufort, 
South Carolina, in 1788; graduated at the South 
Carolina College in 1809; was bred to the legal pro- 
fession; was a Commissioner in Equity of South Car- 
olina for many years; a member of the State Legisla- 
ture in 1813; a Representative in Congress from 1833 
to 1837; was appointed, by President Taylor, Collec- 
tor of the Customs of Charleston, holding the office 
until 1853; subsequently devoted himself to plant- 
ing; published "The Hireling and the Slave," 
" Chicora, and other Poems," and was the author of 
a "Life of J. L. Petigru." Died in Newberne, Octo- 
ber 4, 1863; son of William Grayson. 

Greeley, Horace ; was born at Amherst, New 
Hampshire, Februarys, 1811; until the age of four-- 
teen attended a common school during winter, work- 
ing in summer on his father's farm; in 1826, his par- 
ents having removed to Vermont, Horace, who had 
early shown a fondness for reading, especially of 
newspapers, and had resolved to be a printer, en- 
deavored to find employment as an apprentice in a 
printing-office in Wiiitehall, but without success; 
afterwards applied at the office of the Northern Spec- 
tator in Poultney, Vermont, where his services were 
accepted, and where he remained until 1830, when 
the paper was discontinued, and he returned to work 
on liis father's farm; during the following year went 
to the city of New York, where he obtained work as 
a joirrneyman printer, and was employed in various 
otiices, with occasional intervals, for the next eight- 
een months; in 1834, in connection with Jonas Win- 
chester, started the New Yorker, a weekly journal of 
literature and general intelligence, and became its 
editor; after struggling on several years the jourtial 
was abandoned; during its existence, Mr. Greeley 
published several political campaign papers, the 
Constitution, the Jeff'ersonian, and the Log Cubin; in 
1841 commenced the publication of the New York 
Triljune; in 1848 was chosen to fill a vacancy in the 
Thirtieth Congress, and served through the short term 
preceding President Taylor's inauguration ; in 1851 
visited Europe, and was chosen Chairman of one of 
the juries at the World's Fair; gave an account of his 
travels in a series of letters to the Ti-ibune, which 
were afterwards collected into a volume; also pub- 
lished a collection of his addresses, essays, etc., un- 
der the title of "Hints toward Reforms"; and a 
work entitled "The American Conflict"; in 1864 
w.is a Presidential Elector; was a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention " of 186(>, and 
to the "State Constitutional Convention" of 1867; 
w.as one of those who gave bail for Jeflerson Davis in 
May, 1867; in November, of that year, was ap- 
pointed, by President Johnson, Minister to Austria, 
and was confirmed, but declined the position; in 1873 
was nominated by the Conservative party for the 
office of President, but was defeated. Died near 
Pleasantville, Westchester County, New York, No- 
vember 29, 1872. His most popular book was " Rec- 
ollections of a Busy Life." 

Green, Byram ; was bom in New York ; served 
five years in the Assembly of that State; was a Rep- _ 
resentative in Congress from 1843 to 1845; was sub- 
sequently Judge of a County Court. Died at Sodus, 
Wayne County, New York, October 18, 1865. 

Green, Dtiff; was born in Georgia about the year 
1794; was a resident of St. Louis, Territory of Mis- 
souri, a^ early as 1817; in 1824 became the editor of 
a paper called the Inquirer; left it before the close of 



li 1 U G K A I' H I C A L ANNALS. 



201' 



the year; went to Washington City, and in 18'J6 
liccame the proprietor and editor ol' tlie ['iiifeil Slates 
TclCj/raph, whicli he condncted until 1S35; he advo- 
cated the interests of John t'. Calhonn against those 
of Andrew Jackson, wliilo hohling the position of 
Government Printer, towliicli he was elected in 1829, 
whereby he lost an annual income of fifty thousand 
dollars; carried his hostility against tlie President so 
lar, that he refused to take his hand; from 18155 to 
1838 edited a paper called the Rcfornuttuiii: after that 
went to Europe and engaged in various schemes for 
making money, in which lie was eminently successful ; 
in 18-14 edited a journal in New York, called the 
Srpuhlic, «hich lost much money for its proprietors; 
was suhsciiuently engaged wholly in private enter- 
jiriscs; in 1830 had a personal difficulty with James 
Watson Webb on the steps of the Capitol, which at- 
tracted much attention in the political world, but 
resulted in no personal harm to either party ; the man 
■who succeeded him as Public Printer in Washington 
' was Frank P. Blair, and it is a little singular as an 
incident in their lives, that both these men had a 
habit, alter they became advanced in years, of ap- 
pearing on the streets of Washington, carrying long 
staffs instead of common canes, while supporting their 
feeble steps. Mr. Cireen died in Dalton, Georgia, 
which was his home, June 9, 1875. 

G-reen, Frederick W.; was born in Maryland; 
removed to Ohio; was elected a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1851 to 1855. 

Green, I. L. ; was born in Massachusetts; gradu- 
ated at Harvard University in 1781; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from Massachusetts from 1805 to 
1809, and again from 1811 to 1813. Died in 1841. 

Green, Innis ; was born in Pennsylvania; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1827 
to 1831. 

Green, James S.; was born in Fauquier County, 
Virginia, February 28, 1817; in 1836, with no fortune, 
and but a common English education, removed to 
Alabama, where he remained one year; then took up 
his residence in Missouri; after many struggles with 
the world, ^as admitted to the bar in 1840, and soon 
thereafter acquired a lucrative practice; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1844; was a member of the Con- 
vention held in 1845 for the revision of the Constitu- 
tion of Missouri; was elected a member of Congress 
in 1846, serving through two terms; argued a 
boundary dispute case in the Supreme Court by ap- 
pointment of the Governor of Missouri; in 1849 took 
the stump against the late Hon. Thomas H. Benton; 
in 1853 President Pierce appointed him Charge 
d'Afaires, and subsequently Minister Resident, at 
Bogota, New Granada; was again elected a member 
of Congress in 1856, but before taking his seat was 
chosen by the Legislature to represent the State of 
Mi.ssouri in the Senate of the United States, where he 
remained until 1861; during the fiast session of the 
Thirty -fifth Congress was a member of the Commit- 
tees on the Judiciary and on Territories, and at the 
• commencement of the second session of that Congress 
was chosen Chairman of the Committee on Territories. 
Died at St. Louis, January 19, 1870. 

Green, Robert S.; was born at Princeton, New 
Jersey, March 25, 1831; graduated from the College 
of New Jersey in 1850; studied law; was admitted to 
the bar of New Jersey as an attorney in 1853, and as 
Councilor in 1856; was City Attorney of the City of 
Elizabeth, New Jersey, from 1857 to 1808; was Sur- 
rogate of Union County from 1862 to 1867; was 
Presiding Judge of Union County Court of Common 
Pleas from 1868 to 1873; was a member of the Com- 



mission to suggest amcmlnients to the Constitution of,' 
New Jersej' in 1S73; became a member of tlic bar of 
New York in 1874; was a Delegate to the Demo- 
cratic National Conventions of 1860 and 1880; in 1884 
was elected a Representative from New Jersey to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Green, "Wharton J.; w.as born near St. Mark's, 
Florida, whither his parents had removed from North 
Carolina; was educated at Georgetown College, Dis- 
trict of Columbia, and at the United States Military 
Academy, remaining three years at the latter institu- 
tion; read law and political economy at the Univers- 
ity of Virginia and Cumberland University, Ten- 
nessee; upon liis admission to the bar became a 
partner in the law firm of Robert J. Walker and 
Louis Janin, at Washington, District of Columbia; 
relinquished the profession soon afterwards and en- 
gaged in agricultural pursuits, which he has since 
followed; upon the breaking out of the Civil War 
enlisted in the Confederate Army; was promoted to 
Lieutenant-Colonel; was taken prisoner at Roanoke 
Island; wounded at Washington; wounded and 
taken prisoner at Ciettysburg; at the close of the war 
resumed the management of his farm in North Caro- 
lina; was a Delegate to the Democratic National Con- 
ventions of 1868 and 1876; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1868; purchased the famous Tokay Vineyard, in 
Cumberland County, North Carolina, and settled 
there; was elected first President of the Society of 
Ex-Confederate Soldiers and Sailors of North Caro- 
lina; was elected a Representative from North Caro- 
lina to the Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to 
the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Green, Willis; was born in the Shenandoah Val- 
ley, Virginia; represented Kentucky County in the 
Legislature of Virginia; was Clerk of the Court for 
many years; was a member of the Danville Conven- 
tion in 1785, and of the first State Constitutional 
Convention of 1792; was a Surveyor for locating land , 
warrants; was a member of the Kentucky Legis- 
lature in 1836 and 1837; was a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1839 to 1845. 

Greene, Albert C; was born in East Greenwich, 
Rhode Island, in 1792; read law in New York, where 
he was iulmitted to the bar; returned to his native 
State, and there commenced the practice of his pro- 
fession; in 1815 was elected to the General Assembly 
of the State; in 1816 was elected a Brigadier-General 
of Militia, and subsequently became a Major-General; 
from 1822 to 1825 served again in the Legislature of 
the State, and was chosen Speaker; from 1825 to 
1843 was Attorney-General of the State; from 1845 to 
1851 was a Senator in Congress from Rhode Island; 
having again served a term in each of the two Houses 
of the State Legi.slature, retired from public life in 
1857; he received the degree of Master of Arts from 
Brown University in 1827. Died at Providence, 
January 8, 1863. 

Greene, George W.; was born in Orange County, 
New York, July 4, 1831; graduated at the University 
of Pennsylvania; was a teacher in several academies 
in Pennsylvania for several years; was appointed a 
School Commissioner for Orange County In 1856; read 
law, and came to the bar in 1860; in 1861 was 
elected Judge of Orange County for three years; waii 
elected a Representative from New York to the F<irty- 
first Congress, serving on the Committee on Freed- 
men's Affafrs. 

Greene, Ray; was born in Rhode Island; gradu- 
ated at Yale College in 1784 ; was a Senator in Congress 
from Rhode Island from 1797 to 1801, when he 
resigned. Died in 1849. 



2oa 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Greene, Roger Sherman ; was born in Eox- 
bnry (ijow Boston), Massaeliusetts, December 14, 
1840; removed to Westborougli, Massachusetts, in 
1849, and to Windsor, Vermont, in 1851; received a 
classical education, graduating from Dartmouth Col- 
lege in 1859; studied law in the oifice of Evarts, 
Southmayd & Clioate, New York City; was admitted 
to the bar there in May, 1862, and engaged in prac- 
tice; entered the Union Army for the war of the 
Rebellion, in September, 1862, under commission as 
Second Lieutenant of Company I, Third Missouri 
Infantry; in March, 1863, was promoted to First 
Lieutenant in the same company; was made Captain 
of Company C, Fifty-first U. S. Colored Infantry, in 
August, 1863, and serving as officer of that regiment 
till the close of the war; was honorably discharged, 
by acceptance of resignation, November, 1865; was 
Judge Advocate of the District of Vicksburg at the 
close of 1864 and beginning of 1865, and Judge Ad- 
vocate of the Western Division of Louisiana from 
June, 1865, until retirement from service; received a 
severe gunshot wound through his right arm in the 
general assault on Vicksburg, while in command of 
his company. May 22, 1863; resumed the practice 
of law at Chicago, Illinois, in January, 1866; in 
July, 1870, while residing at Kenosha, Wisconsin, was 
appointed Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of 
AVashington Territory, residing at Olympia; was 
twice re-appointed, holding the office until Janirary, 
1879, when he was appointed Chief Justice of the 
same coru-t, residing at Seattle, Washington Terri- 
tory; in 1883, was re-appointed Chief Justice. 

G-reene, Thomas M.; was a Delegate to Con- 
gress from the Territory of Mississippi from 1802 to 
1803. 

Greenleaf, Halbert S.; was born at Guilford, 
Vermont, April 12, 1827; received a common school 
and academic education; taughtschool for three years; 
at the age of twenty-three shipped before the mast on 
a whaling vessel and made one voyage; in 1852 re- 
moved to Shilburne Falls, Massachusetts, and was 
employed in a cutlery manufactory; at the expiration 
of nine months engaged in manufacturing pursuits 
on his own account; was elected Justice of the Peace 
in 1856; served two years as a Captain of State 
Militia; in 1861 organized the Yale and Greenleaf Lock 
Company, of which he became Business Manager; in 
1862 enlisted in the Union Army; served with con- 
spicuous gallantry, rising to the rank of Colonel, and 
frequently commanding a Brigade; in 1382 was elected 
Commander of the First New York Veteran Brigade, 
with the rank of Brigadier-General, and was unani- 
mously re-elected in 1883; became very successful in 
the manufacture of locks; was elected a Representa- 
tive from New York to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Greenup, Christopher ; was Governor of Ken- 
tucky from 1804 to 1808; was a patriot of the Ameri- 
can Kevolution, and participated in the perils of the 
war; was at various times a memlier of the Legisla- 
ture of Kentucky; was a Representative of that State 
in Congress from 1792 to 1797; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1809; was a man of great usefulness in his 
native State. Died at Frankfort, Kentucky, April 
24, 1818. 

Greenwood, A. B.; was born in Franklin Coun- 
ty, Georgia, .luly 11, 1811; graduated at the Athens 
University, Georgia; was a lawyer by profession ; was 
a member of the Legislature of the State of Arkansas 
from 1842 to 1845; was Prosecuting Attorney for said 
State from 1845 to 1851; Circuit Judge Irom 1851 to 
liS'.i: was elected a Representative in Congress from 



Arkansas from 1853 to 1858, serving a portion of the 
time as Chairman of the Committee on Indian Aifairs; 
in 1859 was appointed, by President Buchanan, Com- 
missioner of Indian Affairs. 

Greg-g, Andrew; was born in Carlisle, Penn- 
sylvania, June 10, 1755; received a good classical edu- 
cation, and for several years was tutor in the Univers- 
ity of Pennsylvania; in 1783 opened a country store 
in Middletown, Dauphin County, whence he removed 
in 1789 to a wilderness valley, where he commenced 
agricultural pursuits; in 1790 was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Pennsylvania, serving 
from 1791 to 1807; was a Senator of the United St.ates 
from 1807 to 1813, serving for a time as President 
jn-o lem. of the Senate; in 1814 removed to Bellefonte; 
in 1816 was appointed Secretary of State of Pennsyl- 
vania; was remarkable for a sound and discrimina- 
ting mind, agreeable and dignified manners, and per- 
formed his duties with talent and integrity. Died 
at Bellefonte, May 20, 1835. 

Gregg, David L.; was a citizen of Illinois; in 
1853 was appointed a Commissioner with diplomatic 
powers to the Sandwich Islands, where he remained 
until 1858. 

Gregg, James M.; was born in Patrick County, 
Virginia, June 26, 1806; recei\ed a common school 
education; was a practical farmer ; .studied law; in 
1830 settled in Hendrick County, Indiana; from 1834 
to 1837 was County Surveyor; was then chosen Clerk 
of the Circuit Court, serving until 1845; was elected 
a Representative to the Thirty-fifth Congress, and 
was a member of the Committee on Public Expendi- 
tures. 

Gregory, Dudley S.; was born in Connecticut; 
was at one time engaged in the iron business among 
the Adirondack Mountains of New York; settled in 
New Jereey ; was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1847 to 1849; held many 
positions of trust and honor. Died in Jersey City, 
December 8, 1874. 

Gregory, John M.; was born in Virginia; waa 
Governor of that State in 1842 and 1843. 

Greig, John ; w.as born in Dumfriesshire, Scot- 
land, August 6, 1779; educated at the Edinlmrgh 
High School; emigrated to America in 1797; settled 
in Canandaigua, New York; studied law, and came 
to the bar in 1804; practiced his profession until 
1820, when he became Presidentof the Ontario Bank, 
which position he held until 1856; was for nuiny 
years a Regent of the New York University, and also 
a Vice-Chancellor; was long the active head of an 
.Agricultural Society, and was one of the founder's 
and corporators of tlie Ontario Female Seminary; was 
elected a Representative in Congr&ss for the term 
commencing in 1841; resigned at the close of the first 
session. Died at Canandaigua, April 9, 18.58. 

Greiner, John; was born in Philadelphia; re- 
moved to Ohio when young; was, for eight years, 
Librarian of the State Library; became editor of the 
Ohio Slate Journal, and was a writer of popular 
political songs, among the most noted of which were 
those entitled, "Old Zip Coon," " Tippecanoe and 
Tyler Too," and "The Wagoner Boy"; in 1849 was 
appointed, by President Taylor, an Indian .Agent in 
New Mexico; afterwards became Governor of the 
Territory; in 1865 settled in Zanesville, Ohio, and 
edited the Times of th.at city; was very popular as a 
member of various societies. Died at Toledo, May 13, 
1871, in the sixtieth year of his age. 



B ; OGK A P Jl 1 C A L A N N A I.S. 



203 



Grennell, George ; was born in GreeiilicUl, 
Frauklin County, irassaohusetfs, December 25, 1781) ; 
gracUiatfccl at Dartinmith College in 1808; studied 
law, and came to the bar in 1811; was Prosecuting 
Attorney ibr Franklin County I'rom 1829 to 1818; was 
a member ol' the State Senate from 1824 to 1827; was 
a Representative in Congress from Massaclinsetts 
from Is-ii) to I83St; was for many years, from 1838 to 
1859, a member of the I'.oard of Trustees of Amherst 
College, and in 1854 the degree of LL.D. was con- 
ferred upon him by that institution; from 1849 to 
185:! was Pro))ate Judge lor his county, and subse- 
quently settled down as Clerk of the Franklin Coun- 
ty Court; was the lirst man who proposed and 
advocated on the floor of Congress the recognition of 
llayti. 

Gresham, Walter Q.; was born in Harrison 
County, Indiaiui. .Maroli 17. 18:53; attended the State 
University, at I'.loomington, Indiana, but did not 
graduate; studied law; \v;is admitted to the bar, in 
1855, and engaged in practice at Coryden, Indiana; 
entered the Union Army in 1861 as Lieutenant-Col- 
onel; was, soon afterwards, promoted to a Colonelcy, 
and was made a Brigadier-General after the fall of 
Vicksburg; was wounded in July, 1864, while in 
command of a Division before Atlanta, and was 
brevctted a Major-General from thatdate; was Finan- 
cial Agent of Indiana at New York City from 1867 to 
1869, wheu he was appointed United States District 
Judge for the District of Indiana, in which capacity 
he served until April, 1883, when he was appointeil 
Postmaster-General in the Cabinet of Presiilent 
Arthur; in 1884 was appointed, by President Arthur, 
United States Circuit Judge for the Seventh Judicial 
Circuit. 

Grey, Benjamin E.; was a native of Kentucky; 
was a member of the Legislature of that State from 
Logan County in 1838 and 18:59; was Stat^ Senator 
from 1847 to 1851; was Speaker of the Senate and 
Acting Lieutenant-Governor in 1850; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Kentucky from 1851 to 
1855. 

Grider, Henry; was born in Garrard County, 
Kentucky, July 16, 1796; received a good education 
at Bowling Green and elsewhere; studied law-, and 
while engaged in practice, also devoted some atten- 
tion to farming; rendered his first public service as a 
private in the army, during the last war with Kn- 
glaud, serving with Shelby in his campaign to Cana- 
da: in 1827 and 1831 was electcil to the Legislature 
of Kentucky, and in I8;i3 to the .ite Senate, where 
he served four years; was a l{epresentative in Con- 
gress from Kentucky from 1843 to 1847; was also 
elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Revolutionary Claims and on 
Mileage; re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress; 
was a member of the Committee on the Territories; 
re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on T<-rrit<)ries, Mileage, and Recon- 
struction Died in Warren Couiitj, Kentucky, Sep- 
tember 14, 1866. 

Grier, Robert C; was born in Cumberland 
County, Pennsvlvauia, March 5. 1794; graduated at 
Dickinson College in 1812: studieil law. and came to 
the bar in 1817. luacticiiig hi- i>rofession in Xorth- 
nmberland, Columbia, Lycoming, Union, and Schuyl- 
kill Counties; was ap))ointed President Judge of Al- 
legheny County in li:!:i, when he bi!came a resident 
of Pittsburg; in 1846 was appointed, by President 
Polk, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of 
the United St;ites; removed to Philadelphia iu 1848. 
Died in Philadelphia, September 25, 1870. 



Griffln, Cyrus; was born in Virginia in 1749; 
was educated in England; returning to Virginia, be- 
came a member of the Ijcgislature; was a Delegate 
to thetJontinental Congress from 1778 to 1781, and 
in 1787 and 1788, and was its Pr<>sident in 1768; was 
President of the Supreme Court of Admiralty; a 
Commissioner iu 1789 to the Creek Nation; .Judge of 
the United States District Court for Virginia from 
1789 until his death, which occurred at Yorktown, 
A'irginia, December 14, 1810. 

Griffin, Isaac; was born in Penn.sylvania: was 
a. Representative in Congress from that State, from 
1813 to 1817. 

Griffln, John ; was an early emigrant to Indiana; 
in 181)11 was appointed a Judge of the United States 
Court for that Territory; in 1806 was appointed to 
the same position for the T<'rritory of Michigan, 
where he remained for many years. 

Griffin, John K.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from South Carolina, from 18:!1 to 1841. Died 
at Milton, South Carolina, August 1, 1841. t 

Griffln, Samuel; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from \'irgiuia, from 1789 to 1795, and was one 
of those who voted for locating the seat of Govern- 
ment on the Potomac. 

Griffln, Thomas ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1803 to 1805. 

Grifflth, Samuel ; was born in Wales, Great 
Britain, February 14, 1816; was educated at .Alle- 
gheny College, Meadville; studied law; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1846, and practiced; was elected 
a Representative to the Forty-second Congress from 
Pennsylvania, serving on the Committee on Freed- 
men's Atl'airs. 

Grifflth, "William ; was one of the earlie-st 
Judges of the United States (circuit Court; in 1801 
was appointed, by President Jefferson, to the Third 
Circuit. 

Grimes, James "W.; was born in Deering, Hills- 
borough County, New Hampshire, October 16, 1816; 
commenced his education at Hampton Academy, 
and graduated at Dartmouth College in lw:!6; soon 
after that time emigrated to the West; iu 18:i8 was 
elected to the General Assembly of the Territory of 
Iowa, to which he was frequently re-elected; was 
Governor of the State of Iowa from 1854 to 1858; in 
1859 was elected a Senator iu Congress from that 
State for six years, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on the District of Columbia, and also of that 
on Naval Affairs, and as a member of those on I'ub- 
lie Lands and I'ublic Buildings; was a Delegate to 
the " Peace Congress'' of 1861; was re-elect (m1 to the 
Semite for the t«rm comnK-ucing in 1865, and ending 
in 1871; in 1865 received from the Iowa College the 
decree of LL. D. ; was also a member of the Special 
.Toint Committee on the Rebellious States, :ui(l tho 
Committees on Contingent Expenses of the Senate 
and on Appropriations; and was oiu; of the Senators 
designated by the Senate to attend the funeral of 
General Scott in 1866. Died at Biulington, Iowa, 
February 7, 1872. 

Grinnell, Joseph; was born in New Bed lord, 
Ma&sachu.setts, November 17, 1788; his early educii- 
tion was received at private schools, and was molded 
in view of a mere;intile life; commenced business in 
New York ius a commission merchant in 1809, and 
continued there until 1829, for live years being con- 
nected with John H. Howland, eleven with Preserved 



204 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Fish, and four years with his brotliers, Moses H. 
aud Henry GrinncU; in 18'2'J retired I'roni tlie New 
York concern, and visited Europe; on his return set- 
tled in liis native place, devoting himself to com- 
merce generally, and especially to the whale fishery; 
among the laborious positions which he long held in 
New Bedford were those of President of the Marine 
Bank, of the New Bedford and Taunton Railroad, 
and of the Wamsutta Cotton Mill; in 18:W, 1840, and 
1841 was a member of the Governor's Council of 
Massachusetts; was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress in 1843, and was three times re-elected, serving 
on the Post Office and Commerce Committees; orig- 
inated the idea of a reduction of postage and the 
establishment of life boats; indeed, so great was Mr. 
Grinnell's influence on the floor of Congress, as every 
measure he proposed seemed to succeed, he was play- 
fully designated by his friends as one of the most 
dangerous men in the House. 

Qrinnell, Josiah B.; was born in New Haven, 
Vermont, December 22, 1821; received a collegiate 
and tlieological education; went to Iowa in 18.5o, and 
turned his attentiim to farming, becoming the most 
extensive wool-grower in the State, to which indus- 
try he devoted special attention; was a member of 
the State Senate for lour years; a special agent for 
the General Post Office for two years; was elected a 
Representative from Iowa to the Thirt3'-eighth Con- 
, jfress, serving on the Committee on Post OiBces and 
' Post Roads; re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
i serving on the Committees on Freedmen, on Agricul- 
ture, and on the Postal Railroad to New York; in June, 
. 1866, L. H. Rousseau, a fellow-member, made a per- 
sonal assault upon him for words spoken in debate, 
• which resulted in a resolution which was passed, 
reprimanding the assailant for " violating the rights 
and privileges of the House." 

Grinnell, Moses H.; was born in New Bedford, 
Massachusetts, March 3, 1803; was educated at pri- 
vate schools and at Friends' Academy; was bred a 
merchant, and frequently went abroad as supercargo : 
was a Representative in Congress from New York, 
from 1839 to 1841; was a Presidential Elector in 1856; 
Mo.ses H., & Henry Grinnell, and Robert B. Minturn, 
were the gentlemen composing the distinguished firm 
of Grinnell, Minturn & Co., the house taking that 
title in 1829, though in reality founded many years 
before by .loseph Grinnell and Preserved Fish; in 
1869 was appointed Collector of the Port of New 
York. 

G-ris-wrold, Gaylord ; graduated at Yale College 
in 1787; was a member of the New York Assembly 
from 1796 to 1798; was a Representative in Congress 
from New York from 1803 to 1805. Died in 1809. 

Q-ris'WOld, John A.; was horn in Rensselaer 
County, New York, about the year 1822: was edu- 
cated for the mer antile profession; settled himself in 
the iron trade, and also engaged in banking; served 
one term as Ma,yor of the city of Troy; in 1862 was 
elected a Representative from New York to the Thir- 
ty-eighth Congre-ss, sernng on the Committee on 
Naval Aflairs; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on the Death of 
President Lincoln and Naval Afi'airs; was re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Ways and Means. 

Gris'wold, John A.; was born in Greene Cotrn- 
ty, New York, in 1827; after acquiring a good edu- 
cation studied and adopted the profession of the law; 
in 1856 was elected District Attorney of Greene 
County, and held the position for three years; in 1864 



was elected County ,Iudge, and continued in the 
ofllce four years; in 1868 was elected a Representa- 
tive from New York to the Forty-first Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Coinage. 

G-riswold, Roger ; was born in Lyme, Connec- 
ticut, May 21, 1762; graduated at Yale College in 
1780, and studied law, in the practice of which he 
became eminent; from 1795 to 1805 was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from Connecticut: in 1801 declined 
the appointment of Secretary of War, tendered him by 
President Adams, a few days previous to the accession 
of President .Jefferson ; in 1807 was chosen a Judge 
of the Supreme Court of the State; was Lieutenant- 
Governor from 1S09 to 1811; was then elected Gov- 
ernor; while holding that office he refused to place 
tour companies under General Dearborn, at the requi- 
sition of the President, for garrison purposes, deem- 
ing the requisition unconstitutional, as they were 
not wanted to "repel invasion"; in 1809 was a 
Presidential Elector; a scene that occurred between 
him and Matthew Lyon, on the floor of Congress, 
caused great excitement; he received, from Harvard 
College, the degree of LL.D. Died in 1812. 

G-riswold, Stanley; was born in Torringlbrd, 
('onnecticut, November, 1768; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1786, and became a clergyman; in 1804 be- 
came the editor of a Democratic paper in AValjjole, 
New Hampshire; was soon after appointed, by Presi- 
dent Jefferson, Secretary of the Territory of Michigan; 
was a Senator in Congress from Ohio in 1809, but was 
superseded by A. Campbell; was United States Judge 
for the Northwestern Territory. Died at Shawnee- 
town, Illinois, August 21, 1814. 

Groesbeck, ■William S.; was born in New 

York about the year 1826; studied law, and removed 
to Cincinnati, where he engaged in the practice of his 
profes.sion; in 1851 was a member of the "State Con- 
stitutional Convention"; in 1852 was a member of 
the Commission appointed to codify the laws of Ohio; 
was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty- 
fifth Congre.ss, serving on the Committee on Foreign 
Aftairs; w:vs a member of the "Peace Congress " of 
1861; in 1862 was elected to the Senate of Ohio; was 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia "National Union Con- 
vention " of 186(>; was one of the counsel for Andrew 
.Johnson during his Impeachment Trial in 1868. 

Groonie, James B.; was born in Elkton, Cecil 
County, Maryland, April 4, 1838; studied law with 
his father, John C. Groome, who was a prominent 
lawyer; was admitted to the bar in 1861 ; in 1867 was 
elected to the State Constitutional Convention; in 
1871 was elected to the State Legislature, and was 
re-elected; in 1874 was elctrted Governor of Mary- 
land; was elected United States Senator from Mary- 
land for the term of six years from March 4, 1879. 

Gross, Ezra C; was bom in Windsor County, 
Vermont; graduated at the University of Vermont in 
1806; practiced law in Elizabethtown, New York; 
was Surrogate of Essex County from 1815 to 1819; 
was a Representative in Congress from New York 
from 1819 to 1821; was elected to the Assembly of 
that State in 1828 and 1829. Died before the close 
of his second term. 

Gross, Samuel; was a native of Montgomery 
County, Pennsylvania; was a Representative in Con- 
gress liom that State fi-om 1819 to 1823. 

Grosvenor, Charles Henry; was bom at Pom- 
fret, Connecticut, September 20, 1833 ; descended 
from Colonel Thomas Grosvenor, of the Second Regi- 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



205 



ment of the Connc-ctic-iit liiu- in the Kcvoliitioiuiiy 
Army, -n-bo v;is hib gruiull'athei', ami his liither \v:i,'i 
an officer in the army during the war of 1812; wlien 
five years of age — in 18:58 — lie was taken, by his 
parents, to Ohio, settling ia Athens County; his edu- 
cation was confined to .two terms in an infant school 
at Pomfret, when he was four years of age, and three 
■winter terms in a log school house in Ohio — 1846 to 
1849; worked on a farm until he reached his major- 
ity; studied law and taught school for three winters, 
in Athens County; w-as clerk in a store for portions 
of six years; was admitted to the bar, at Athens, in 
1857, and engaged in practice there ; was elected 
Township Clerk in 1855 and 1856; was a member of 
the Town Council of Athens in 1859 and 1860; en- 
listed in the Union Army in 1861, and served 
throughout the war as Major, Lieutenant-Colonel and 
Colonel, and was brevetted Brigadier-General in 1865; 
was Solicitor of Athens in 1867 and 1868; Presidential 
Elector in 1872 and 1880; was elected a Representa- 
tive in the State Legislature in 1873 and re-elected 
in 1875, serving as Speaker in 1876 and 187''; wiis 
appointed a member of the Board of Trustees of the 
Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans' Home in 1880; was 
elected a Representative txom Ohio to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Grosvenor, Thomas P.; was born in Pomfret, 
Connecticut, in 178U; graduated at Yale College in 
1800; after studying law, removed to New York; 
served a number of years in the Legislature of that 
State; was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from 1813 to 1817. Died April 25, 1817. 

Grout, Jonathan ; was born in Lunenburg, 
Worcester County, Massachusetts, July 23, 1737; 
was an officer in the colonial service in the French 
and Indian War of 1757 to 1760; studied law and 
settled in Petersham, Worcester County, Massachu- 
setts; was an active and energetic Whig through the 
Revolutionary War; served for a short time in the 
Revolutionary -Vrmy; was for some years a member 
of the " Geiu^ral Court," or House of Representatives 
of Massachusetts; in 1789 was elected a member of 
the First Congress, in which he served from 1789 to 
1791; suliscnuently devoted himself to his profession. 
Died while attending Court at Dover, New Hamp- 
shire, September 8, 1807. 

Grout, "William "W.; was born, of American 
parents, at ("ompton. Province of Quebec, Can'ada, 
May 24, 1836; returned, with his parents, to the old 
homeste;id, in Kirby, Caledonia County, Vermont, in 
1840; received a common school and academic educa- 
tion; studied law; was graduated from the Pough- 
keepsie. New York, Law School, with the degree of 
Bachelor of Laws in 1857; was admitted to the bar 
of Caledondia Cotmty, Vermont, in December of that 
year; settled at Barton, Orleans County, Vermont, in 
August, 1858, and engaged in the practice of law; in 
1862 was nominated, by the Republican party, for 
State's Attorney, but declined the candidacy, and in 
the succeeding" September enlisted in the Union 
Army; was made (_:aptain on the organiz:ition of the 
company, and Lieutenant-Colonel on the organization 
of the regiment; served until musteredout, in August, 
1863; in .July, 1864, was commissioned, by the Gov- 
ernor of Vermont, to recruit colored troops at Ncw- 
berne. North Carolina, and, in the fall of the same year, 
was appointed, by the same authority, to the com- 
mand of the provisional threes upon the Canadian 
frontier, after the St. Albans Raid; the same fall w:is 
elected, by the Legislature, a Brigadier-General, and 
was as.signed to the command of the Second Brigade 
of Vermont Militia; also, the same fall, was elected 
State's Attorney for Orleans County for a term of two 



vcars; in 1868 was a Delegate to the Republican 
National Convention; in 1868, 1869, 1870, and 1874 
was a Representative in the Vermont Legislature; in 
187() was a member, and President pro Urn. of the 
State Senate; in 1878 w;is an unsuccessful candidate 
for Congress; in 1830 was elected a Representative 
from Vermont to the Forty-seventli Congress, and in 
1884 was elected a Representative to the Forty -ninth 
Congress; in 1876 became a Director in tiie l5arton 
National Bank, in which position he continued. 

Grove, William B.; was a Representative in 
Congress from North Carolina, from 1791 to 1801!. 

Grover, Asa P.; was born in Ontario County, 
New York, in 1819; was educated at Centre College, 
Kentucky, of which State he became a resident in 
1847; studied and practiced law; was elected to the 
State Senate in 1857; re-elected in 1861, holding the 
position eight years; was elected a Representative 
from Kentucky to the Fortieth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Expenditures on the Public Build- 
ings. 

Grover, Lafayette ; was born in Bethel, Ox- 
ford County, Maine; educated at Bowdoin College; 
studied law in Philadelphia, where he was admitted 
to the bar in 1850, and soon afterwards took up his 
residence in Salem, Oregon Territory; in 1851 was 
elected Prosecuting Attorney for the Territory; in 
1852 Auditor of Public Accounts; served three j'ears 
in the Territorial Legislature; saw some service in the 
Indian wars of Oregon ; in 1854 was a Commissioner 
to adjust the claims of citizens in Oregc^n against 
the United States; in 18.56 was appointed one of the 
Commissioners to investigate the Indian war claims 
against the General Government; having been an 
active member of the Convention of 1857 to Ibrm a 
State Constitution, was subsequently elected the first 
Representative in Congress from the prospective 
State, and took his seat as such in February, 1859; 
subsequently resumed the practice of law; from 1867 
to 1870 was engaged in the milling business; was 
Chairman of the State Central Democratic Commit- 
tee; in 1870 was elected Governor of Oregon, and 
re-elected in 1874; resigned in 1877 to take his seat 
as a United States vSenator from Oregon for the term 
ending in 1883. 

Grover, Martin ; was a native of New York; 
was bred a lawyer; was a Representative in Congress 
from that State from 1845 to 1847; was a Judge of 
the Supreme Court of New York from 1857 to 1859; 
was Judge of the Court of Appeals from 1859 for a 
full term; was elected an Associate Judge in 1870 for 
fourteen years. Died in Allegany County, New 
York, August 23, 1875. He acquired a fortune by 
his profession, and would never accept more than 
7 per cent, interest for money loaned. 

Grow, Galusha A.; was born in Asliford, Wind- 
ham County, Connecticut, August 31, 1823; was edu- 
cated at Amherst College, graduating in 1844; 
adopted the law as a profession, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1847; having settled among the moun- 
tains of Pennsylvania, and his health beingdelicate, he 
amused himself by surveying wild land and rafting; 
in 1850 was elected a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania, whiu'c he served as a member of 
the Committee on Territories .and Public Printing; 
when Mr. Banks was Speaker of the House of Rep- 
resentatives, Mr. Grow was Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Territories; during one of the recesses of 
Congress visited Europe; was re-elected to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, serving as Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Territories; re-clectetl to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, and was chosen Si)eivker of the Hou.se of 



206 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Eepreseutatives; was a Delegate to the "Baltimore 
Convention" of 1864; subsequently resided for sev- 
eral years in Texas, engaged in important business 
enterprises; returned to Pennsylvania in 1875, and 
again took an interest in political aflairs. 

G-rundy, Felix ; was born in Virginia, Septem- 
ber 11, 1770; removed with his father to Kentucky, 
and was educated at Bardstown Academy; studied 
law, and soon became distinguished at the bar; com- 
menced his public career, at the age of twenty-t\vo, 
as a member of the Convention for revising the Con- 
stitution of Kentucky; was afterwards, for six or 
seven years, a member of the Legislature of that 
State; in 1806 was elected one of the Judges of the 
Supreme Court of Kentucky, and was soon after Chief 
Justice: in 1807 removed to Nashville. Tennessee, and 
became eminent as a lawyer; from 1811 to 1814 was a 
Eeiiresentative in Congress from Tennessee, and dur- 
ing several years after was a member of the Legis- 
lature of that State; fi-om 1829 to 1838 was United 
States Senator, and in the latter year was appointed, 
by President Van Buren, Attorney-General of the 
United States; in 1840 resigned this position, and w.as 
again elected Senator. Died at Nashville, Tennessee, 
December 19, 1840. 

G-uenther, Richard; was born at Potsdam, 
Prussia, November oO. 1845; received a collegiate 
education; studied pharmacy in the Royal Pharmacj' 
at Potsdam; emigrated to the United States in 1866; 
settled at Oshkosh. Wisconsin, in 1867; was elected 
State Treasurer in 1876 and re-elected in 1878; was 
elected a Representative from Wisconsin to the Forty- 
seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Guerard, Benjamin ; was Governor of South 
Carolina from 1783 to 1785; Speaker of the House in 
1783. Died in Charleston, South Carolina, January, 
1789. 

Guion, John J.; was the son of Major James 
Guion, of the regular army, and wasbornin Natchez, 
Mississippi, in 1801; was a member of the State 
Senate and President of that body; also a Judge of 
the Criminal Court; in 1851 Governor, priitcm., of the 
State; subsequently a Judge of the Di-strict Court of 
the State. Died at Vicksburg, June 26, 1855. 

Gunckel, Louis B.; was born in Germantown, 
Ohio, October 15, 18i6; gr.iduated at Farmers College 
in 1848, and the law whoul of Cincinnati College in 
1851; came to the bar the same year; was a Delegate 
to the National Republicjin Convention in 18.56; a 
member of the Senateof Ohio in 1862, 1863, 1864, and 
1865, was a Presidential Eleclor in 1864; was ap- 
pointed, by Congress, one of the Jlanagers of the 
National Asylum for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, in 
1864, and re-appointed in 1870; was appointed United 
States Commissioner to investigate Indian frauds, 
in 1871: was elected to the Forty-third Congress, 
ser\Tiig on the Committee on Military Aflairs. 

Gvmn, James; was a Senator of the United 
States from Georgia from 1789 to 1801. Died in 
Louisville, in that State, July 30, 1801. He was one 
of those who voted for locating the Seat of Govern- 
ment on the Potomac. 

Gunter, Thomas M.; was born in Middle Ten- 
nessee, September 18, 1826; received a classical edu- 
cation, graduating Irom Irving College in 1850; 
studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced 
practice at Fayetteville, Arkansas, in 1853; was a 
Delegate to the State Convention of 1861; served in 
the Confederate Army as a Colonel; was Prosecuting 



.\ttorney from 18G6 to 1868; successfully contested 
the seat of W. W. Wilshire in the Forty-third Con- 
gress; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, 
Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Gurley, Henry H.; was born in Lebanon, Con- 
necticut, in 1787; was educated at Williamstown 
College; studied law, and settled at an early day in 
Louisiana; w;xs a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1823 to 1831; previously held the 
ollice of United States Judge for the District Court 
of Louisiana. Died in 1832. 

Gurley, John A.; was born in East Hartford, 
Connecticut, December 9. 1813; received an academic 
education; studied for the ministry; was settled as 
a preacher at Methuen, Massachusetts, from 1834 to 
1837, when he removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, where, 
for fifteen years he published a paper called the Star 
of the. Wtat ; in 1858 was elected a Representative 
from Ohio to the Thirty-sixth Congress, officiating as 
Chairman of the Committee on Printing; re-elected 
to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Commerce, and on Roads and Canals. 
Died at Cincinnati, August 19, 1863, while holding 
the office of Governor of Arizona, conferred upon him 
by President Lincoln. 

Gustine, Amos ; was a Representati^•e in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1841 to 1843. Died in 
Lost Creek Valley, Pennsylvania, March 3, 1844. 

Guthrie, James ; was born near Bardstown, 
Nelson County, Kentucky, December 5, 1792; edu- 
cated at the Bardstown Academy; when twenty 
years of age commenced trading with New Orleans 
as the owner of flat-boats; studied law, and in his 
twenty-fifth year settled at Louisville as a lawyer; 
for a time held the otfiee of Prosecuting Attorney for 
the county in which he lived, and for many years 
practiced his profession with success; during that 
period was shot by a political opponent, and was, in 
consequence, confined to his bed for thrc ■ years; 
served nine years in the Legislature of the State, and 
six years in the State Senate: was President of the 
" State Constitutional Convention '' of 1851; took an 
active part in the banking business of Louisville, 
and, after originating, became President of the Nash- 
ville and Louisville Railroad; in 1853 went into 
President Pierce's Cabinet as Secretary of the Treas- 
ury ,■> was a Delegate to the " Chicago Convention " 
of 1864; was elected a Senator in Congress from Ken- 
tucky, in 1865, for the term ending in 1871, serving 
on the Committees on Finance, Agriculture, Patents, 
Appropriations, and Mines and Mining; was also a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "National Union Con- 
vention" of 1866; resigned in February, 1668, on ac- 
count of his health. Died in Louisville, March 13, 
1869. 

Guyon, James, Jr.; was born in Richmond 

County, New York, in 1777; represented Staten Island 
in the Legislature of New York a number of years; 
was a member of Congress from 1819 to 1821. Died 
on Staten Island, March 8, 1846. 

GTSrin, William M.; was born in Summer County, 
Tennessee, October 9, 1805; graduated at Transyl- 
vania University, Lexington, Kentucky, and studied 
medicine; was appointed United States Marshal tor 
Mississippi; was elected a Representative in Congress 
from that State, serving from 1841 to 1843; was Com- 
missioner of Public Buildings to superintend the 
erection of the New Orleans Cnstom-House; was a 
member of the Convention for framing the Constitu- 
tion of Calitbrnia; was one of the fii-st United States 
Senators from that State, having been elected, in 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



•207 



1850, for six years, and re-elected, iu 1856, for the 
term which expired in 1861; was Chairninn of the 
Committee on the Pacitic Railroail, and a member of 
the Committees on Finance, and on Post Offices and 
PostEoads; dnring the i;el)cllion was arrested and 
imprisoned for his ojjposition to tlie Federal Govern- 
ment, but was release*! on his parole by President 
.lohnson in 1866; after the war returned to Califor- 
nia, where he was largely interested iu mining. 
Died September 3, 1885. 

©■winnett, Button ; was born in England in 
1732; received a good education ; came to America in 
1770, and settled in Charleston, South Carolina; was 
devoted tirst to commercial imrsuit-s, and afterwards 
to planting, in Georgia; joined the popular party, 
and was conspicuous at Ke\olutionary coramittces; 
was a Delegate to the Continental Congress from 
1 775 to 1776, and was one of the siguere of the Declar- 
ation of Independence; in 1777 was a member of the 
Convention to form a State Constitution for Georgia; 
was re-elected to Congress, but, having fought a duel 
with General Mcintosh, was mortally wounded, and 
died May 27, 1777. 

Habersham, John; was born in 1754; was a 
meral>cr of the first regiment ever formed in Georgia; 
member of the Continental Congress in 1785 and 
1786; Collector of the port of Savannah from 1789 to 
1799. Died in Chatham County, Georgia, Novem- 
ber 19, 1799. 

Habersham, Joseph ; was born in Georgia in 
1750; served with distinction in the Revolutionary 
War as a Lieutenant-Colonel; was a Delegate from 
Georgia to the Continental Congress from 1785 to 
17S6; a member of the State Assembly; was ap- 
pointed, bj' President Washington, Postmaster-Gen- 
eral iu 1795, and, having been continued in otBce by 
Presidents Adams and Jefferson, resigned in 1802, 
when he became a President of the Branch Bank of 
the United States at Savannah, which he held until 
his death. Died in Georgia in 1815. 

Habersham, Richard W.; was born in Savan- 
nah Georgia in 1786; was educated at Nassau Hall. 
New Jersey, where he graduated in 1805; distin- 
guished himself as a lawyer, and occupied many sta- 
tions of trust in his native State; was a Representa- 
tive in Congre.ss from 1839 to 1843, where he com- 
manded great respect for his political integrity. Died 
iu Habersham County, Georgia, December 2, 1844. 

Hackett, Thomas C; was born in Georgia; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1849 to 1851, and was a member of the Commit- 
tee on Indian Affairs. Died at Marietta, Georgia, 
October 8, 1851. 

Hackley, Aaron, Jr.; was born in New Haven, 
Connecticut; was a member of the New York Legis- 
lature in 1814, 1815, and 1818; was a Representative 
in Congress from that State from 1819 to 1821. 

Haddock, Charles Brickett ; was born in 
Franklin, New Hampshire, .June 20, 1796; graduated 
at Dartmouth College in 1816, and Andover Semi- 
nary in mO; was Professor of Rhetoric anil Belles 
Lettres at Dartmouth from 1819 to 1838, and of In- 
tellectual Philosophy and Political Economy from 
1838 to 1844; was Charge. cV Affaires from the Uniltvl 
States to Portugal from 1851 to 1855; wiis in the 
Legislature of New Hampshire four years; intro- 
duced the present common school systiMu of the State, 
and was the tirst school commissioner under it; was 
the originator of the railroad system of Nesv Hamp- 
shire; published a volume of addresses, etc., includ- 



ing occasional sermons; was a contributor to the 
Bihlirnl llipirtorij. the TSililiiilhrea Sacra, and other 
periodicals, and lor fifteen years made; reports on 
education. Died at West Lebanon, New Hampshire, 
January 15, 1861. 

Hadley O. A, ; was rx-nflicio Govenmr of Arkan- 
sas in the years 1872 and 1873. 

Hager, John S,; was born in Morris County, 
New Jersey, March 12, 1818; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1836; was admitted to the bar in 1840, 
and practiced at Morristown, New .Terscj'; went to 
California in 1849; in 1852 was elected to the State 
Senate, and served two years; in 1855 was elected 
State Judge for the District of San Francisco, and 
served six years; in 1865 and in ls(i7 elected to the 
State Senate and served six years; in 1S71 was 
elected a Regent of the University of California; was 
elected to the United .States .-Senate for the unexpired 
term of Eugene Casserly, resigned in 1874, for tlie 
term ending in 1875, serving on the Committees on 
Manufactures and Territories. 

Hagner, A. B,; was born at Washington, Dis- 
trict of Columbia, .Inly 13, 1826; graduated from 
I'rinceton College. New Jersey, in 184^5: studied law; 
was admitted to the bar, and settled at Annapolis, 
.Maryland, in the practice of his profession; in 1850 
was Judge-Advocate of a Naval Court of Inquiry; in 
1864 was a Special Judge in Prince George's County, 
Maryland; in 1876 was ,Tudge-.\dvocate of a General 
Court- JIartial held at San Francisco, California; in 
1854 was a Representative in the Maryland Legisla- 
ture; in 1857 and 1874 was an unsuccessful candi- 
date for Congress; in 1861 was a Presidential Elector; 
in 1879 was appointed an As.sociate Justice of the Su- 
preme Court of the District of Columbia. 

Hagner, Peter ; was born in Philadelphia, Oc- 
tober 1, 1772; was the son of Valentine H.agner, who 
served with credit in the War of the Revolution; 
graduated at the University of Pennsylvania; was for 
a time clerk in a counting-house; in 1792 received, 
from President AV'ashington, the appointment of 
Aorinintantof War; removed to Washington City with 
the Government; in 1817 was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Monroe, Third Auditor of the Treasury Depart- 
ment; continued in the public service for fifty-se\'en 
years, under every President from Wiushington to 
Taylor, and was frequently complimented on the 
floor of Congress for his official faithfulness; was 
twice honored by direct votes in the two Houses of 
Congress; resigned his office in October, 1849. Died 
in Washington City in July, 1850. He w:vs frequent- 
ly called upon to settle important claims for the Gov- 
erimient outside of his regular duties, because of his 
exceptional efficiency; was al.so 9oimected with the 
city Government of Washington. 

Haygood, Johnson ; was Governor of South 

Caroliir.i from 1880 to 1882. 

Hahn, John ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania from 1815 to 1817. 

Hahn, Michael ; was born on the Rhine, in Ba- 
varia, Xov<Mnber 24, 1830; when ten years of a.i;e 
came to the United States and settled in Louisiana; 
attended the common schools of New Orleans and 
graduated from the High School; supjiorted himself, 
while studying law, by attending to the care of real 
estate; in addition to his reading lie attended the 
Law Department of the tlniversity of Louisiana and 
was graduated therefrom, in 1851, with the degree 
ofLL, B. ; entered upon the practice of law at New 
Orleans; when but twenty-two years of age was 



208 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



elected a School Director; served several terms in 
this capacity, being, at one time. President of the 
Board; was a Union man throughout the secession 
troubles, and opposed secession with vigor; in 1862 
■was elected a Eepresentative in Congress, serving but 
a short time; Tvas Prize Commissioner in New Or- 
leans in 1863; in January, 1864, became the owner 
and editor of the Daily True Ddia newspaper, at New 
Orleans, and advocated the abolition of slavery 
through its columns; in 1864 was elected Governor 
of Louisiana for four years; in 1865 was elected a 
United States Senator and resigned the office of Gov- 
ernor, but never took his seat in the Senate; started 
tUe New Orleans Eepuhlkan in 1867, and was its 
editor until 1871 ; removed to his plantation in that 
year, and was made a School Director of St. Charles 
Parish; in 1872 was elected a Eepresentative in the 
State Legislature, and was re-elected in 1874 and 
1876, serving a short time as Speaker ; in 1878 was 
unanimously elected a Police Juror for his parish; 
was Superintendent of the United States Mint at New 
Orleans for a short time; in 1879 was elected District 
Judge, and in 1884 was re-elected for fonr years; in 
1884 was elected a Eepresentative from Louisiana to 
the Forty-ninth Congress, and resigned the Judge- 
ship. Died at Washington City, March 15, 1886. 

Haight, Charles; was born at Colt's Neck, 
Monmouth County, New Jersey, January 4, 1838; 
graduated at Princeton College in 1857; studied law, 
and came to the bar in 1862 as an attorney, and in 
1864 as a counselor; was elected to the New Jersey 
Legislature in 1861 and 1862, and was chosen Speaker 
in the latter year; was a Delegate to State Conven- 
tions in 1864 and 1865; was commissioned a Briga- 
dier-General of Militia in 1861, and rendered effective 
service in raising troops for the war; in 1866 was 
elected a Representative from New Jersey to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Naval Afiairs; re-elected to the Forty-tirst Congress. 

Haight, Ed-ward ; was born in New York City. 
March 26, 1817; was educated at a private school: 
entered a counting house, and turned his whole at- 
tention to mercantile pursuits: became a Director in 
the National Bank of New York: subsetjuently Vice- 
President of the Bank of the Commonwealth, and 
finally its President; besides acting as a director in 
six or seven banks and insurance companies, he fre- 
quently served as an office)' in various benevolent 
institutions; in 1860 was elected a Eepresentative 
from New York to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving on the Committee on JIanufactures. 

Haight, Fletcher M.; was an emigrant to Cali- 
fornia; was appointed United States Judge for that 
District. 

Haight, Henry Huntly ; was born in Eoch- 

ester, New York, May 20, 1825; graduated at Yale 
College in 1844; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar of St. Louis, Missouri, in October, 1846; 
settled Xo practice in San Francisco in 1850; was ap- 
pointed United States District Judge of Caliloruia, 
by President Lincoln; was elected Governor of Cali- 
fornia in 1867, serving until 1871. 

Halle "William; was bom in 1897; was a mem- 
ber of Congress from Mississippi, from 1826 to 1828. 
Died at Woodville, Mississippi, March 7, 1837. 

Hailey, John ; was born in Smith County, Ten- 
nessee, August 29, 1835; received a common school 
education; removed to Missouri in 1848; went to 
Oregon in 1853; settled in Idaho in 1863; was elected 
Delegate ft-om Idaho to the Forty-third Congress; in 
JfeSO was elected a member of the Legislative Coun- 



cil of Idaho, and was President of the Council; in 
1884 was elected Delegate from Idaho to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Haines, Daniel; was a native of New Jersey; 
was elected Governor of the State in 1843, serving 
one year; in 1848 was again elected, and continue<l 
in office until 1851. 

Haines, To-wnsend ; was appointed Register of 
the United States Treasury in 1850, but only held 
the position until 1851. 

Haldeman, Jacob S.; was a citizen of Penn- 
sylvania; in 1861 was appointed Minister Eesident 
to Sweden and Norway, where he remained until 
1864. 

Haldeman, Richard J.; was born in Harris- 
burg, Pennsylvania, May 19, 1831; studied at Part- 
ridge's Military School; graduated at Yale College 
in 1851 ; the same year visited Europe, and studied 
a short time in the universities of Berlin and Heidel- 
berg; in 1853 went, as Attache of Legation, to Paris, 
and also to St. Petersburg; traveled throughout 
Scandinavia, Central and Southern Europe, and the 
Far East; in 1857 purchased the Daily and Weekly 
Patriot and Unio7i, in Harrisburg, and edited it until 
1860; in 1860 was a Delegate to the Charleston and 
Baltimore Conventions; was elected to the Forty-first 
Congress, and re-elected to the Forty-second Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on the Census, Land 
Claims, and Agriculture. "^S^ (h^J ('*Y'i~ 

Halderman, John A.; was a citizen of Missouri; 
in July, 1882, was appointed United States Minister 
to Siam. 

Hale, Artemas; was born in Winchendon, 
Worcester County, Massachusetts, October 20, 1783; 
pursued the occupation of a farmer until twenty-one 
years of age; received a common school education; 
was a teacher in Hingham for ten years, and then 
removed to Bridgewater, where he engaged in man- 
ufacturing; was a Eepresentative in the Legislature 
lor several years, and a State Senator in 1833 and 
1834; in 1853 was a member of the State Constitu- 
tional Convention; was a Eepresentative in Congress 
from JIassachusetts from 1845 to 1849; in 1864 was a 
Presidential Elector. ^^ ^. f , ,^T , 

Hale, Charles ; was born in Boston, Massachu- 
setts, June 7, 1831; graduated at Harvard University 
in 1850; in 1852 established and edited To-day, a 
literary journal; was subsequently editor of the 
Boston Daily Adcertiser; was United States Consul to 
Egypt from 1864 to 1870; was Assistant Secretary of 
State from 1872 to 1874; contributed to the North 
American Scvicw and the Amcrieati Almanac. 

Hale, Eugene; was born in Turner, Oxford 
County, Jlaiue, June 9. 1836; studied law, and came 
to the bar in 1857; during the latter year was ap- 
pointed Attorney for Haucock County, and was three 
times re-appointed; in 1866 was elected to the State 
I^egislature, serving two years; in 1>*68 was elected a 
Eepresentative from Maine to the Forty-first Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Naval Affairs and the 
State Department; re-elected to the three succeeding 
Congresses, serving on the Committee on Appropria- 
tions; in 1874 was tendered the office of Fostmaster- 
(ieneral, by President Grant, but declined; was a 
Delegate to the Republican National (_'onventions of 
1868, 1876, and 1«80; was re-elected to the Forty- 
fifth Congress; was tendered a Cabinet appointment 
by President Hayes, but declined it; was elected a 
United States Senator fioni Maine for the term of six 
years from March 4, 1881. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



•>(>9 



Hale, James T.; was born in Bradford County, 
Pennsylvania, in October, 1810; received a common 
school education; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1832; in 1851 was appointed President 
Judge of the Twentieth Judicial District of Pennsyl- 
vania; in 1858 was elected a Kepresentative from 
Pennsylvania to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Claims; re-elected 
to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Claims and on Roads and Canals; re-elected 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, and was Chairman of 
the Committee on Claims. Died at Bellefonte, Penn- 
■ylvania, April 7, 1865. 

Hale, John Blackwell; was born in Brooks 
(now Hancock) County, West Virginia, February 27, 
1831; was educated at a common country school- 
studied law; was admitted to the bar, and enn-a<Ted 
m the practice of law at Carrollton, Missouri^ was 
a Representative in the Missouri Legislature from 
1856 to 1858; was a Presidential Elector in Missouri 
in 1860; was Colonel of the Sixty-tiftli Regiment Mis- 
souri Militia, and of the Fourth Provision.al Re<^iment 
ol Missouri Militia in the United States service 
I during the Civil War; w.as a Delegate to the Demo- 
[ cratic National Conventions of 18()4 and 1868; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1872; was a member of the 
Missouri Constitutional Convention of 1875- in 1884 
i was elected a Representative from Missouri to the 
iorty-ninth Congress. 

Hale, John P.; was born in Rochester, Strafford 
County, New Hampshire, March 31, 1806; after pre- 
paring himself at Exeter Academy, entered Bowdoin 
College, and graduated in 1827; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1830; in 1832 was elected to 
the State Legislature; in 1834 was appointed, by 
President Jackson, District Attorney for New Hamp- 
shire, and re-appointed by President Van Buren; in 
1843 was elected a Representative in Congress! in 
1846 was again elected to the State Legislature and 
chosen Speaker; in 1847 was elected a Senator in 
Congress, and after serving until 1853, devoted hini- 
selt tor two years to his profession; was again elected 
to the Lnited States Senate in 1855; and in 1859 was 
re-elected for the term ending in 1865, serving as 
Chairman ol the Committee on Naval Affairs !ind 
member of that on Post Offices and Post Roads- in 
18o2 was the Free-Soil candidate for Vice-President 
ol the United States; soon after leaNing the Senate, 
March 10, I860, was appointed, by President Lin- 

^ "vil'""^*" ^ ^P^°- ^'ed at Dover, November 
io, iolo. 

Hale, Robert S.; was born in Chelsea, Orange 
County, Vermont, September 24, 1822; graduated St 
the University of Vermont in 1842; .studied law, and 
alter coming to the bar settled in the practice of his 
proiession at Elizabethtown, Essex County New 
York; was Judge of Essex County from 1856 to 1864- 
in 18o9 was appointed a Regent of the University of 
New York; in,1860 wasa Presidential Elector- was 
elected a Representative from New York to the Thir- 
ty-ninth Congress, in the place of Orlando Kelhx'cr 
deceased, serving on the Committees on the Milil'ia' 
■^I'lnu'^ctures, and Retrenchment; was a Delegate to 
the "National Union Convention " at Philadelphi-i 
in 1866; re-elected to the Forty-third Congress- was' 
for several years, engaged by the United States a^ 
bpecial Counsel under the Treaty of Washinoton 



Hale, Salma ; was bom at Alstead, New Hamp- 
shire, March 7, 1787; was a printer at Walpole, New 
Hainpsliire; at the age of eighteen edited, in that 
place, the Pohlwal OliHcn-alm-ij: subsequently studied 
law; from 1812 to 1834, with the exception of a few 

14 



years, was Clerk of the Supreme Court of Cheshire - 
was a Representative in Congress from 1817 to 1819- 
afterwards practiced at the bar; wiis a member of 
the Legislature from 1823 to 1825; Secretary of the 
Board of Commissioners under the Treaty of Ghent- 
in 1825 published "History of the United States "' 
lor schools; in 1826, " Annals of Keene "; "History 
of the United States," London, 1826, and other Lit- 
erary works. Died at Keene, November 18, 1806. 

Hale, ■William ; was one of the most influential 
men in New Hampshire; was a member of Con.'rcss 
from 1809 to 1811, and again from 1813 to 1817 
Died at Dover, November 8, 1848, aged eighty-foni- 
years. •' 

Hale, William; was born in Iowa, November 
18, 1839; received a good education; studied law 
and was admitted to the bar at Oskaloosa, Iowa in 
18o8; in that year settled at Glenwood, Iowa, in the 
practice of law; was elected a Representative in the 
State Legislature in 1863, and re-elected in 1864 
1865, and 1866; during the latter year was elected 
Speaker ;)ro tern, of the House of Representatives and 
acted as Speaker the greater part of the session - was 
a^ Presidential Elector in 1868; was Chairman of the 
Republican Central Committee of the Eighth and 
Ninth Congressional Districts (or a number of years- 
in August, 1883, was appointed, by the President' 
Governor of Wyoming Territory. ' 

Haley, Elisha ; was born in Connecticut; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State ii-om 1835 
to 1839. 

Hall, Allen A.; was born in North Carolina- 
practiced law at Nashville, Tennessee, and was for 
thirty years, connected with the leading papers there; 
was Charge d' Affaires to Venezuela from 1841 to 1845- 
Assistant Secretary of the United States Treasury in 
1849 and 1850; edited the XepubUc at Washington; 
alterward edited the Dailt/ News from 1857 to 1859 
at Nashville; was Minister to Bolivia from 1863 to 
1867. Died at Cochabamba, Bolivia, May 18, 1867. 

Hall, Augustus; was born in Batavia, New 
\ork, April 29, 1SI4; educated at Middlebury Acad- 
emy in that State; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar m 1836; removed to Marvsville, Ohio in 
1837; was County Attorney from 1840 to 1842-' re- 
moved to Kessauque, Iowa, in 1844; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1852; in 1854 was elected to the 
Ihirty-tourth Congress from Iowa; was admitted to 
practice before the Supreme Court of the United 
States in 1857; the same year was Chief Justice of 
Nebraska. Died near Bellevue, Nebraska, Febrnary 
1, 1861. ■' 

Hall, Benjamin F.; was bom in New York- was 
appointed, from that State, Chief Justice of the United 
States Court for the Territoi-y of Colorado, residing 
at Denver City. *■ 



HaU, Benton J.; was born at Mount Vernon 
Knox County, Ohio, January 13, 1835; removed' 
with his parents, to Iowa in December, 1839- was 
educated at Knox College, Illinois, and at Miami 
University, Ohio, at wliich latter institution he was 
graduated in June, 1855; studied law in the offi.e of 
his father, Hon. J. C. Hall, at Burlington, Iowa- 
was admitted ho the bar in 1857, and engaged in the 
practice of law at Burlington; wasa Representative 
'"i L^'^'^'^''"' Assembly of the State of Iowa in 1872 
and 1873; was elected a Senator in the General 
Assembly of Iowa for a term of four years, from 
January, 1882; was elected a Representativ; from 
Iowa to the 1-oity-niuth Congress. 



210 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Hall, Boiling; was a member of Congress from 
Georgia from 1811 to 1817. Died near Montgomery, 
'Alabama, March 25, 1836, aged sixty-seven years. 

Hall, Chapin ; was born in Ellicott, Chautauqua 
County, New York, July 12, 1816; received a good 
English education; devoted himself to mercantile 
pursuits in connection with lumbering; was elected 
a Representative from Pennsylvania to th^ Thirty- 
sixth Congress, .serving as a member cf tl e Co umit- 
tee on Invalid Pensions. 

Hall, David; was Governor of Delaware fiom 
1802 to 1805. 

Hall, Dominick Aug-ustine ; was born in North 
Carolina in 1765; commenced the practice of law in 
Charleston, South Carolina; was District Judge of 
Orleans Territory from 1809 until 1812, when it be- 
came the State of Louisiana; was then appointed 
United States Judge of the State, in which position 
he continued during his life; owing to the military 
operations against New Orleans, his court was ordered 
to be adjourned for two months from December 15, 
1814; in March, 1815, while the city was under Mar- 
tial Law, Judge Hall was arrested by General Jack- 
son for having granted a writ of linhras coi-])us to a 
person arrested by his authority; was released March 
14, and immediately summoned General Jackson to 
answer for a Contempt of Court, resulting in a judg- 
ment against him, and a fine of one thousand dollars, 
which he paid; it -ixas, however, refunded to him, 
with interest, in 1844, by an Act of Congress. Died 
in New Orleans, December 19, 1820. 

Hall, George ; was born in New Haven, Con- 
necticut; was a member of the Assembly of New 
York in 1816, was a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1819 to 1821. 

Hall, Henry C; was a citizen of New York; was 
for many years in the Consular Service in Cuba, 
serving as Consul at Matanzas, Vice Consul-General 
at Hav'ana, and, from 1873 to 1882, as Consul-General 
of the United States at Havana; in 1882 was appointed 
United States Minister to the Central American 
States; served untU 188 6. 

Hall, Hiland; was born in Bennington, Vermont, 
July 20, 17!)5; passed his boyhood on his father's 
farm, receiving a good English education; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1819; in 1827 
was elected to the State Legislature, and afterwards, 
for several years, was State's Attorney; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Vermont from 1833 to 
1843, officiating for several sessions as Chairman of 
the Committee on Revolutionary Claims; was Bank 
Commissioner for Vermont from 1843 to 1840; four 
years Judge of the Supreme Court; in 1850 Second 
Comptroller of the Treasury, and in 1851 was ap- 
pointed, by President Fillmore, Laud Commissioner 
for California, where be remained until 1854; subse- 
quently resided on the farm where he was born, and 
was elected Governor of Vermont in 1858; in 1859 re- 
ceived from the University of Vermont the degree of 
LL.D.; served as a Delegate to the " Peace Congress" 
of 1861. Die<l December 18, 1885. 

Hall, John; was a Delegate from Maryland to 
the Constitutional Convention from 1775 to 1786, and 
fjom 1783 to 1784. 

Hall, John W.; was born at Frederica, Delaware, 
January 1, 1817; received a good education; was left 
an orphan at an early age; the failure of his guardian 
threw him upon his own resources at the age of six- 



teen, and he became a clerk in a mercantile house; 
invested his savings in outside business, which pros- 
pered, and at the age of twenty -one commenced busi- 
ness for himself; engaged in a variety of pursuits, in 
all of which he succeeded; finally confined himself to 
farming and ship-building; was State Director in the 
Farmer's Bank from 1861 to 1878; Stock Director 
from 1867 to 1871; w;is a State Senator; was a Dele- 
gate to the Democratic National Convention of 1876; 
was Governor ^.f Delaware from 1879 to 1883. 

Hall, Joseph ; was born in Essex County, Mas- 
sachusetts, June 26, 1793; received a limited educa- 
tion at Andover Academy; went to Maine, and was a 
clerk in a store until he was twenty-one years of age ; 
served as Lieutenant of Militia in 1813 and 1814; 
from 1817 until 1819 was engaged in mercantile pur- 
suits; was Sherilf of two counties for twelve years; 
was a Rei)resentative in Congress from Maine from 
1833 to 1837; was the first Northern man who voted 
against receiving slavery petitions; before entering 
Congress was for four years Postmaster of Camden, 
Maine; was appointed, by President Polk, Navy 
Agent of Boston in 1849. 

Hall, Joshua G-.; was born at Wakefield, New 
Hampshire, November 5, 1828; graduated at Dart- 
mouth College in 1851; studied law; was admitted 
to practice in 1855; was Solicitor of Stratford County 
from 1862 to 1874; was Mayor of Dover, New Hamp- 
shire in 1866 and 1867; was a State Senator in 1871 
and 1872, and a member of the State House of Rep- 
resentatives in 1874; was United States District At- 
torney from 1874 to 1879; was elected a Representa- 
tive from New Hampshire to the Forty-sixth and 
Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Hall, La'WTence'W.; was born in Lake County, 
Ohio, in 1819; was educated in that State; graduated 
at Hudson in 1839; was admitted to the bar in 1843; 
practiced his profession until 1851, when he was 
elected Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, which 
position he held until 1856; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Ohio to the Thirty-titth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committees on Agricul- 
ture and on Public Buildings and Grounds; during 
the troubles of 1862 was imprisoned for alleged dis- 
loyalty. Died soon after his release, in Ohio, Janu- 
ary 26, 1863. 

Hall, Lyman ; was born in Connecticut in 1725; 
graduated at Vale College in 1747; studied medicine, 
and established himself in Sunbury, Georgia; early 
espoused the American cause; was a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress from 1775 to 1779, and signed 
the Declaration of Independence; his property w;i3 
confiscated by the British: in 1783 was elected Gov- 
ernor of Georgia. Died in that State in 1791. 

Hall, Nathan K.; was born March 28, 1810, at 
Marcellus, Onondaga Connty, New York; read law 
in the oflice of Mr. (afterwards President) Fillmore, 
and became his partner in the practice of their pro- 
fession at Buffalo, Erie County, New York, in 1832; 
held difierent administrative and judicial oflices in 
his native State; served as a member of the State 
Legislature; was a Representative in Congress from 
1847 to 1849; on Mr. Fillmore's accession to the 
Presidency, in July, 1850, was appointed to the 
office of Postmaster-General; was subsequently ap- 
pointed Judge of the United States District Court for 
Western New York. Died in Buft'alo, March 2, 1874. 

Hall, Obed; was a Representative in Congress 
from New Hampshire from 1811 to 1813. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANXALS. 



211 



Hall, Robert B.; was born in Boston, Massachu- 
setts, January ;.'>!, l-^li; was ciiufated for the minis- 
try; was a nienilHT of the Massachusetts Senate in 
1855; was elected a Kepreseiitative to the Tliirty- 
fourth Congress in that year, ami was re-elected to 
the Tliirty-Jifth Congress in 1H57, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Revolutionary Pensions. 

Hall, Thomas H.; was born in Edgecombe 
County, North Carolina, in 1773: was educated for 
the medical profession; was a Representative iu Con- 
gress from 1817 to 1825, and again from 1827 to 18:{5; 
in 1836 served as a member of the .State .Senate, and 
voted against the acceptance of any of the surplus 
revenue of the Ignited States Treasuiy by the State. 
of North Carolina. Died iu Tarborough, June 150, 
1853. 

Hall, Willard; was born in Westford, Massa- 
chusetts. December 24, 1780; graduated at Harvard 
College iu 1799; studied law and was admitted to 
the bar in 1803; removM to Delaware and practiced 
his profession there; in 1811 was elected Secretary of 
State in Delaware, and held that office three year's; 
was elected a Representative in Congress in 1816, 
and re-elected in 1818; was again Secretary of .State 
in 1821; in 1822 was elected to the Legislature; in 
ls:i3 was appointed, by President Monroe, District 
■hulge of the United States for Delaware; in 1829 
revised the State Laws of Delaware; in 1831 was a 
member of the State Constitutional Convention; was 
also a man of influence in the religious world; Wiis a 
Sunday -scliool teacher for forty years; the father of 
the public school system of the .State, and ^vas an 
earne.st advocate of the idea that lawyers ought al- 
ways to be religious men. Died in Wilmington, in 
May, 1875. 

Hall, "Willard Preble ; was born in Virginia in 
1825; received a good education; studied law and 
■was admitted to the bar; removed to Missouri, where 
he became eminent in his ]}rofession: was a Repre- 
sentative from Missouri to the Thirtieth, Thirty-lirst 
and Thirty-second Congresses; was Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor of Missouri from 18(il to 1865, and was Acting 
Governor for a portion of tlie time. Died at St. Jo- 
seph, Jlissonri, Noveniber 1, 1682. 

Hall, ■William; was born in 1774; was a Gen- 
eriil of Militia: was a Rei)rc.seutative in Congress 
from Tennessee from 1831 to 1833. Died in Sumner 
County, Tennessee, in October, 1856. 

Hall, "William A.; was born in Maine; was 
taken to Virgini;i in e;irly childhood; emigrated to 
Missouri in 1841: in 1844 was a Presidential Elector; 
in 1847 was appointed a .ludge of the C'ircuit (^ourt: 
was a member of the "Missouri Convention" of 
1861; wirs elected a Representative from Missouri to 
tlie Thirty-seventh Congress, in pl.ace of J. B. Clark, 
expelled; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Roads and (';i- 
nals, and Expenditures in the Post Office Depart- 
ment; was also a Delegate to the "Chicago Conven- 
tion" of 1864, and to the Philadelphia "National 
Union (Convention " of 186(i. 

Hallett, Moses ; was born in Illinois; ret'cived 
a good education; studied law and engaged in |)rac- 
tice; removed to Colorado; in 1874 was appointed 
an Associate .Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
Territory of Colorado: in 1877 was appointed Unite<l 
States District .fudge for the Distrii^t of Colorado. 

Hallock, John, Jr.; wa-s born in Orange County, 
New York; was a member of the Assembly of Kew 



York State from Orange County, in 1816 and 1817, 
and from 1820 to 1821: was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1825 to 1829. 

Halloway, Ransom ; was a Representative in 
Congress from the Eighth Congressional District of 
New York, from 1849 to 1851. Died in Mount 
Pleasant, Prince George County, Maryland, April 6, 
18.51. 

Hallyburton, James D.; was a native of Vir- 
ginia, and al)out the year 1844 was appointed 
United States Judge for the Eastern District of 
Virginia. 

Halsell, John E.; was born in Warren County, 
Kentucky, September 11, 1826; was educated in tlie 
common schools, and attended Cumberland Univers- 
ity, Tennessee, from 1845 to 1849; engaged in agri- 
cultural pursuits until 1857, then .settled ;it Bowling 
Green. Kentucky, in the practice of law; in 1869 was 
elected Circuit Judge; was elected a Rei)resentative 
from Kentucky to the Forty-eighth Congress; was re- 
elected to the Forty -ninth Congress. 

Halsey, George A.; was born in Springfield, 
Es.sex County, New Jersey, December 7, 1827; in 1844 
settled in Newark and engaged in the manufacturing 
business; in 1861 and 1862 was elected to the State 
Assembly; in the latter year was apjiointed .\sse.ssor 
of Internal Revenue for the Fifth District of New 
Jersey, which office be held until 1866; was elected a 
Representative from New Jersey to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, .serving on the Committees on Retrenchment 
and the District of Columbia; in 1864 was Collector 
of Interna! Revenue at Newark, New Jersey; was 
elected to the Forty-second Congress. 

Halsey, Jehiel H.; was a Representative from 
New York to the Twentv-iirsfc Congress; Wiis a State 
Senator from 1832 to 1835. 

Halsey, Nicoll ; was a member of tlie New York 
Asseml)ly from Tompkins County in l."<24; a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from that Stat(! from 1833 to 
183.5. 

Halsey, Silas ; was a resident of New York ; was 
a Representati\e in the State Legislature for several 
years; was a Representative from New York to the 
Ninth Congress; was a State Senator for one year. 

Halsted, William ; was born in New .Jersey; 
graduated at I'liuceton College in 1812; was a Repre- 
sentative in (Jongress from New Jersey from 18:i7 to 
1839, and again from 1841 to 1843; was a candiihite 
for election to the Twenty-sixth Congress, but, 
although became with a certificate under the seal of 
liis .State, was not admitted. 

Ham, John; was a citizen of Ohio; w:is Clwrije 
(VAffains to Chili from 1830 to 1833. 

Hambleton, Samuel ; was born in I'albol Coun- 
ty, Maryland, in 1812: received an acadt^mic educa- 
tion; studied law and came to the bar in 18;{:!; wiis 
elected to the House of Delegates in 1834, 1835, and 
1853; to the State Senate from 1844 to 1850; w:us a 
Presidential Elector iu 1844; President of the, Chesa- 
peake and Ohio Canal in 1853 and 1854; w;is elected 
a Representative from Marylantl to the I'orty-lirst 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Public ibiild- 
ings and Territories; re-elected to the Forty-second 
Congress, serving on tlie Committee on Commerce. 

Hamer, Thomas L. ; was born in Penn.sylvania; 
removed to Ohio when (|uite young: taught school; 
studied law and came to the bar iu 1821; served sev- 



212 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



eral sessions in the State Legislature, and was once 
elected Speaker; was a Representative in Congress 
from Ohio from 1833 to 1839; entered the army as a 
private, and was promoted at once to the rank of 
Brigadier-General; it has been said to his credit that 
he was the Representative who nominated General 
V. S. Grant, as a Ca<let to West Point. Died at 
Monterey, Mexico, while serving in the army, De- 
cember 3, 1846. 

Hamill, Patrick ; was bom in Alleghany Coun- 
ty, Maryland, April 28, 1817; received a private and 
common school education; settled in Cumberland; 
was bred to the trade of a carpeut«r, but never 
worked as such; in 1841 was appointed Tax Collector 
for his Count}', and held the office two years; devoted 
some attention to mercantile pursuits; was elected 
to the State Assembly in 1843 and 1844; was seven 
years Judge of the Orphans' Court of Allegheny 
County; subsequently turned his attention to stock- 
raising on his farm known as "Cranberry Glade"; 
in 1867 was again elected Judge of Probate; was 
elected a Representative from Maryland to the Fort>- 
first Congress, serving on the Committees on Public 
Expenditures and the Navy Department. 

Hamilton, A. H.; received a common school ed- 
ucation; studied law, and devoted himself to that 
profession and politics; in 1874 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Indiana to the Forty-fourth Congress; 
re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Hamilton, Alexander ; was born in the island 
of St. Croix, of American parents, in 1757; when 
sixteen years of age came to New York, and spent 
three years in King's College; two years afterwards 
entered the army as an officer of artillery and be- 
came an Aid-de-camp to Washington, with the rank 
of Lieutenant-Colonel; acquitted himself with credit 
at the siege of Yorkto\vTi ; after the war quitted the 
army and turned his attention to the law in New 
York; was a Delegate to the Continental Congress in 
178-2 and 1783, and in 1787 and 1788; in 1786 was 
elected to the State Assembly; was elected to the 
Convention which formed the Federal Constitution; 
by his writings, signed Publius, did much to secure its 
adoption, but was the only member from New York 
who signed that instrument; in 1789 was appointed, 
by President Washington, Secretary of the Treasury, 
and continued in that office until 1795, when he re- 
signed; in 1798 was associated with Washington in 
command of the army; in 1804 had a difficulty with 
Aaron Burr, which resulted in a duel, which took 
place at Hoboken, when he received a fatal shot, and 
died on the following day, July 12, 1804; he was the 
author of a great variety of able essays on politics 
and finance, and especially of the largest number of 
chapters published in the' Federalist; his collected 
writings were published in an edition of seven vol- 
umes in 1850. 

Hamilton, Andre^w J.; was born in Madison 
County, Alabama, January 28, 1815; received a good 
common school education; passed his earlier years 
on his father's farm; for some years held the position 
of Clerk of the Circuit Court, and did business as a 
merchant; subsequently studied law and was ad- 
mitted to the bar; in 1S46 removed to Texas, and 
devoted himself to his profession; in that State held 
the office of Attorney-General ; served frequently in 
the Legislature; in 1856 was a Presidential Elector; 
was elected a Representative from Texas to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a member of the 
Select Committee of Thirty-three; in 1862 was ap- 
pointed, by President Lincoln, Military Governor of 
Texas, and in 1865, by President Johnson, Provis- 



ional Governor of the same State; was a Delegate to 
the Phil.idelphia " Loyalists' Convention " of 1H66, 
and to the "Soldiers' Convention," held at Pitts- 
burg; was also a Justice of the Supreme Court of 
the State; member of the State Constitutional Con- 
vention; was a brother of Morgan C. Hamilton. Died 
at Austin, Texas, April 11, 1875. 

Hamilton, Charles M.; was born in Clinton 
County, Pennsylvania, in November, 1840; in 1861 
entered the Union Army as a private, participated in 
sixteen battles, and was wounded three times — at 
Gaines' Mill, Antietam, and Fredericksburg; was 
for a time confined in Libby Prison; in October, 1863, 
was appointed a Lieutenant in the Veteran Reserve 
Corps; was appointed a Judge Advocate, in which 
capacity he served until 1865; was subsequently a 
Commissioner of Refugees in Florida; on being mus- 
tered out of service, early in 1868, turned his atten- 
tion to the practice of law; w.-vs elected a Representa- 
tive from Florida to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Revolutionary Claims; re- 
elected to the Forty-first Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the District of Columbia and Educa- 
tion and Labor. 

Hamilton, Cornelius S.; was born in Muskin- 
gum County, Ohio, January 2, 1821; received a com- 
mon school education; studied law, but in addition 
to practicing that profession paid some attention to 
farming and banking, and edited a newspaper; in 
1850 was elected to the "State Constitutional Con- 
vention"; in 1856 to the Senate of the State; was 
subsequently appointed an Assessor of Internal Rev- 
enue; in 1866 was elected a Representative from 
Ohio to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Private Land Claimsaud Invalid Pensions; 
he was called from his duties in Washington to at- 
tend uiion a son, who had suddenly become insane, 
and by that son, in an unguarded moment, was 
killed, at MarysvUle, Ohio, December 21, 1867. 

Hamilton, James ; was horn at Charleston, 
South Carolina, in 1789; was liberally educated, and 
adopted the law as a profession; in 1812 served with 
distinction on the Canadian frontier; was for several 
years Mayor of Charleston; in 1823 was elected to 
the State Legislature; from that position was trans- 
ferred to the National House of Representatives, 
where he remained untU 1829; was subsequently 
chosen Governor of South Carolina; becoming inter- 
ested in the Republic of Texas, helped to promote 
her independence, and went to Europe as Minister 
Plenipotentiary from that Republic; did much to 
promote the interests of his native city and State; 
was one of the founders of the i%iuthem Quarterly Re- 
view, and also of the Bank of Charleston; at the time 
of his death was a Senator elect in Congress from 
Texas; was drowned on his passage to Texas, No- 
vember 15, 1857, by a collision between the steamers 
Galveston and Opeloitsas, being a passenger on board 
the latter steamer. 

Hamilton, John; was at one time High Sheriff 
of Washington County, Pennsylvania; was a Repre- 
entative in Congress from that State, from 1805 to 
1807. Died at his home, August 31, 1837. 

Hamilton, John Marshall ; was born near 
Richwood, Ohio, May 28, 1847; removed, with his 
father, to Marshall County, Illinois, in 1854; was 
reared on a farm until sixteen years of age, having 
no advantages of education except those afforded by 
the country schools during the winter months, but 
studied diligently at home; attended an academy at 
Henry, Illinois, two terms; entered the Union Army 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



313 



in 18G4, and served until the close of the war; in 
1865 entered the Oliio Wesleyan University, and in 
1868 graduated with the degree of B.A. ; was princi- 
pal of the academy at Henry, Hlinois, in 1868 and 
1869; in the latter year became a Professor of Latin 
at the minus Wesleyan University; studied law; 
was admitted to the bar in 1870, at Bloomington, 
Illinois, and at once entered upon a very successful 
practice tliere; received tlie degiee of A.M. from the 
Ohio Wesleyan University; was elected a State Sen- 
ator in 1876; was made President pro tern, of the 
Senate in January, 1879; was elected Lieutenant- 
Governor in 1880; by the election of Governor CuUom 
to the United States Senate in January, 1883, be- 
came Governor of Illinois for the unexpired term of 
two years. 

Hamilton, Morgan C; was born near the town 
of Hunts ville, in the State of Alabama, February 25, 
1809; received a country school education; was 
brought up to mercantile pursuits; removed to the 
republic of Texas in 1837; was a clerk in the War 
Department from 1838 until 1845, actiug as Secretary 
of War a portion of the time; was appointed Comp- 
troller of the Treasury of the State in 1867; was 
eleeted a Delegate to the Constitutional Convention 
in 1.868; was elected to the United States Senate on 
the reconstruction of Texas, and took his seat in 1870; 
was also elected lor the term commencing in 1871 and 
ending in 1877, serving on the Committees on Pen- 
sions and Railroads. 

Hamilton, Patil ; was born in South Carolina; 
was a patriot of the Revolution; in 1799 was ap- 
pointed Comptroller of South Carolina, which office 
he held over live years; in 180-1 was elected Governor 
of the State; in 1809 was appointed Secretary of the 
Navy, and held the office until 1812, when he re- 
sigued. Died at Beaufort, June 30, 1816. 

Hamilton, Robert; was born in Hamburg, Sus- 
sex County, New Jersej-, December 5, 1816; received 
an academic education; studied law, and was admit- 
ted to practice in 1836, and as a counselor in 1840; 
was Prosecutor of Pleas fifteen years; was a member 
of the State Legislature in 1863 and 1864, serving the 
last year as Speaker; was elected to the Forty-third 
Con;;ress, serving on the Committee on Claims; was 
re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Hamilton, William T.; was born in Washing- 
ton County, Maryland, September 8, 1820; educated 
at .JelTerson College, Pennsylvania; studied and 
practiced law; was a member of the Legislature in 
IS 16; a Representative in Congress from Maryland 
from 1849 to IS'iS; in 1861 declined the nomination 
for Governor of Maryland; was United States Senator 
from Maryland from 1869 to 1875; was elected Gov- 
ernor of Maryland for the term of four years from 
1880. 

Hamlin, Edward S.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Ohio from 1844 to 1845. 

Hamlin, Hannibal ; was bom in Paris, Oxford 
County, Maine, August 27, 1809; prepared himself 
for a collegiate education, hut, owing to his father's 
death, was obliged to take charge of his farm, where 
he remained until he w;is of age; then spent a year 
in a printing office as a compositor; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1833, and continued in 
active practice until 1848; was a member of the 
Maine Legislature from 1836 to 1840; Speaker of the 
House in 1837, 1839, and 1840; was elected a Rej)- 
resentative to the Twenty-eighth Congress, and re- 
elected to the Twenty -ninth Congre.'is; was again a 



member of the House of Representatives in the State 
Legislature in 1847; was elected to the United Slates 
Senate, May 26, 1848, for four years, to till a va<'ancy 
occasioned by the decease of John Fairfield ; was re- 
elected for six years in 1851; was elect)ed Governor of 
Maine, January 7, 1857, resigning his seat in the 
Senate and being inaugurated Governor the same 
day; on tlie 16th of the same month was re-elected 
United States Senator for six years, and resigned the 
office of Governor, February 20, 1857; served as a 
member of the Committees on Commerce and on the 
District of Columbia; in 1860 was nominated by the 
Republican party as their candidate for the office of 
Vice-President, and was elected; in 1865 wai ap- 
pointed, by President Johnson, Collector of Customs 
for the port of Boston; in 1869 took his seat in the 
Senate for the fourth term, serving on various im- 
portant Committees, and as Chairman of that on 
Mines and Mining; was re-elected for the term end- 
ing in 1881; in June of that year was appoint<!d 
Minister Plenipotentiary to Spain; resigned in 1882 
and returned home. 

Hammet, 'William J.; was born in Virginia; 
studied divinity; was Chaplain of the University of 
Virginia, when he finished his education; w.a3 at one 
time Chaplain of Congress; was a Representative Lo. 
Congress from Mississippi, fi-om 1843 to 1845. 

Hammond, Abram A.; was born in Brattle- 
boro, Vermont, in March, 1814; went t« Indiana wlien 
a youth; studied law, and came to the bar in 18;!5; 
after residing in various places, in 1850 was made a 
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas in Indianapolis; 
emigrated to California in 1852, but returned to In- 
diana in 1854, locating at Terra Haute; in 1860 was 
elected Governor of the State, serving until 1861; 
having gone to Colorado for his health, died in Den- 
ver, August 27, 1874. 

Ha m mond, Edward ; was bom in Maryland ; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1849 to 1853. 

Hammond, Eli Shelby ; was born at Brandon, 
Mississiiipi, April 21, 1838; pa.ssed his inlancy in 
Alabama, and his childhood at Galveston, Texas; 
settled in Shelby County, Tennessee, in 1850; gradu- 
ated at Union University, Tennessee, in 1857, and at 
the Lebanon Law School in 1858; in the latter \ear 
w;is admitted to the bar and commenced practice at 
Ripley, Mississippi; in 1859 removed to Memphis, 
Tennessee; served in the Confederate Army from IStil 
to 1865, rising to the rank of Regimental Adjutant; 
resumed the practice of law at Ripley, Mississippi; 
in 1868 again removed to Memphis, Tennessee; in 
1878 wiis appointed United 'States District Judge for 
the Western District of Tennessee. 

Hammond, Jabez D.; was a lawyer and popu- 
lar political writer of New York; did not receive a, 
collegiate education, but Union College conferred 
upon him the degree of A. M. ; was a Representative 
in Congress from New York from 1815 to 1817, and, 
on the expiration of his term, was elected to the 
State Senate, of which he was a member until 1821; 
in 1830 visited Europe to restore his health; was 
elected County Judge in 1838, and about that time 
commenced his " Politiciil History of the St;ite of 
New York"; in 1845 was elected, to succeed Mr. 
Van Buren, as a Regent of the University of New 
York, and held the othee until his death; alter his 
return from Europe, having withdrawn in a me:isure 
from public and professional life, devoted himself to 
literary pursuits, and publisiied works entitled 
"Julius -Melhouru,'' "The Political History of New 



214 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



York," and the " Life and Times of Silas Wright.'' 
Died August 18, 1855, in Cherry Valley, New York, 
his place of residence. 

Hammond, James H.; was born in Newbury 
District, South Carolina, November 15, 1807; gradu- 
ated at the State College, Columbia, in 1827; prac- 
ticed law from 1828 to 1830; was editor of the South- 
ern Times; served his native State in Congress from 
1835 to 1837, after which he visited Europe for his 
health; in 1841 was appointed a General of Militia; 
in 1842 was eleqted Governor of South Carolina; after 
spending about lifteen years in the quiet enjoyment 
of his plantation on the Savannah River, devoting 
himself to agricultural and literary pursuits, he was, 
in November, 1857, elected to (he United States Sen- 
ate in place of A. P. Butler, but withdrew in Decem- 
ber, 1860. Died at his residence, November 13, 1864. 

Hammond, John ; was born at Crown Point. 
New York, August 27, 1827; received an academic 
education, and graduated at the Troy Polytechnic 
Institute, New York; went to California in 1849; re- 
turned to New York and became an iron manufac- 
turer; served in the Union Armj' from 1861 to 1865, 
rising from the ranks to Brigadier-General; was 
elected President of the Crown Point Iron Company; 
was elected a Representative from New York to the 
Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Hammond, Nathaniel J.; was born in Elbart 
County. Georgia, December 26, 1833; graduated at 
the University of Georgia in 1852; commenced the 
practice of law in 18.')3; was Solicitor-General from 
1861 to 1865; was Reporter of the State Supreme 
Court from 1867 to 1872; was Attorney-General of the 
State from 1872 to 1877; was a member of the Con- 
stitutional Conventions of 1865 and 1877; was elected 
a Representative from Georgia to the Forty-sixth, 
Forty-seventli and Forty-eighth Congresses; was re- 
elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Hammond, Robert H.; was born in Pennsyl- 
vania; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1837 to 1841. Died .Tune % 1847. 

Hammond, Satnuel; was born in Richmond 
County, Virginia. September 21, 17.57; received as 
good an education as the country afforded at the 
time; when quite young volunteered iti an expedition 
against the Indians under Governor Dunmore, and 
acquired distinction at the battle of the Kanawha; 
■when the Revolution broke out he displayed great 
bravery and ability at tlie battle of Long Bridge; at 
the siege of Savannah, where he was made Assistant 
Quartermaster; at the battle of Black Stocks had 
three horses shot under him, and was wounded; was 
a member of the "Council of Capitulation" at 
Charleston; was at the battle of King's Mountain; 
was also at the siege of Augusta; at the battle of 
Cowpens; the battle of Eutaw, where he was again 
badly wounded; was al.so in many other battles; 
after the war settled at Savannah, and held many 
positions of trust and honor; in 1793 headed a vol- 
unteer corps, and did good service in the Creek coun- 
try; served a number of years in the Georgia Legis- 
lature; was one of the early Governors of the State; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1803 to 1805; was appointed, by President ,Tef- 
ferson. Military and Civil Commandant of Upper 
Louisiana and Receiver of Public Money in Missouri ; 
was also President of the Bank of St. Louis; in 1824 
returned to South Carolina, and was elected to the 
Legislature of that State; was appointed Surveyo - 



General, and, in 1831. Secretary of State; retired froia 
public life in 1835. Died September 11, 1842. 

Hammons, David ; was born in Oxford County, 
Maine, in l'<()7; received a limited education; studied 
law and commenced the practice in Lovell, Oxford 
County, in 1836; was a member of the Senate of 
Maine in 1840 and 1841; was a Representative in 
Congress from Maine from 1847 to 1849. 

Hammons, Joseph ; was a Representative in 
Congress from New Hampshire from 1829 to 1833. 
Died at Farmington, in that State, April, 1836. 

Hampton, James G.; was born in New Jersey; 
graduated at Princeton College in 1835; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from his native State from 1845 
to 1849. 

Hampton, Moses ; was born in Beaver County' 

Pennsylvania, Octol)er 28, 1803; removed, with his 
lather, to Trumbull County, Ohio, so that his oppor- 
tunities for even a common school education were 
limited; he, however, by his own exertions, obtained 
a classical education, and graduated at ^Vashington 
College, Pennsylv'ania; .studied l.aw at Uniontown; 
was admitted to the bar in 1829, and commenced to- 
practice in Somerset, Pennsylvania, where he re- 
mained until 1838; then went to Pitt.sburgh, and 
practiced his profession; from l.'^<47 to 1851, was a 
Representative in Congress from I'ennsylvania, and 
declined a re-election; in 18.53 was elected President 
Judge of the District Court for Allegheny County. 

Hampton, Wade ; was born in South Carolina 
in 1765; took an active part in the War of the Revo- 
lution; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1795 to 1797, and from 1803 to 1S05; a 
Presidential Elector in 1800; also in 1828; commanded 
a brigade in 1812 on the northern frontier; spent the 
larger part of his life engaged in agricultural pur- 
suits, by which he amassed a very large fortune, 
having been called the richest planter in the United 
States. Died at Columbia. South Carolina, February 
4. 1834. 

Hampton, "Wade; was born at Charleston, 

South Carolina, March 28, 1818; graduated from the 
,8outh Carolina College; at different times served in 
both branches of the Legislature, being a State Sena- 
tor at the time the State seceded; resigned from the 
Senate and entered the Confederate Army: served 
with conspicuous gallantry, rising to the rank of 
Major-General; was elected Governor of South Caro- 
lina in 1876, and was re-elected in 1878; in Decem- 
ber of the latter year was elected a Senator of the 
United States for the term of six years from March 
4. 1879; in 1885 was re-elected for a second term. 

Hanback, Lewis ; was born at Winchester, Illi- 
nois, March 27, 1839; received a common school edu- 
cation; served three and a half years in the Union 
Army during the War of the Rebellion; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1866; was Probate 
.Judge of Shawnee County, Kansas, for four years; 
was Assistant United States Attorney for the District 
of Kansas for more than two years; in 1879 was ap- 
pointed Receiver of Public Moneys at Salina. Kansas; 
I was elected a Representative from Kansas to the 
I Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Hanchett, Luther ; was born in Portage County, 
Ohio, Octolier25, 1825; received a good education at 
Fremont; studied law, and commenced the practice 
when twenty-one years of age; emigrated to Wiscon- 
sin in 1849; was, for some time, engaged in the lead 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



•215 



and lumbering business; was four years District At- 
torney for Portage County in his adopt ed State; from 
l5<">!i to 1860 was a member of tlie Wisconsin Senate; 
in 1860 was elected a Representative IVom Wiscon- 
sin to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the 
* Committees ct Public Expenditures and Private 
Land Claims. Died at Madison, Wisconsin, Novera- 
26, 1862. 

Hancock, George : served as a Colonel in the 
Revolution; was greatly beloved by his as.sociates; 
was a Representative in Congress from Virginia from 
179:! to 17517. Died at Fotheringay, Virginia, August 
1, 1820, in the sixty-sixth year of'his age. 

Hancock, John ; was born near Quincy, Massa- 
chusetts, in 17:i7: graduated at Harvard University 
in 17')4; was bred to commercial pursuits in the 
oounting-honse of an uncle; visited Europe in 1760; 
became a successful merchant; was for many years 
one of the selectmen of Boston ; in 1766 went into the 
tJeneral Assembly of the State, where he became dis- 
tinguished for his ability; was among the first to 
repel the policy of England, and the first vessel seized 
Iiy the revenue officers was his property; in 1774 was 
unanimously elected President of the Provincial 
• 'ongress, and having been elec-ted a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress in 177.J, was chosen President 
of that body, serring as such two years and a half, 
au<l as a Delegate from 177.T to 1780, and from 1785 
to 1786; was the first man to sign the Declaration of 
Independence, and his peculiar signature is univers- 
ally known; he also signed the Articles of Confeder- 
ation; was a member of the Convention to Ibriu a 
State Constitution; was Governor of JIassachu.setts for 
live years, alter the adoption of its Constit ution, and, 
under the Federal Constitution, from 1789 until his 
<leath, on (Jctober 8, 179:!; he was a bold and high- 
toned patriot, and possessed all the personal ((uali- 
ties of a good man and a true gentleman. 

Hancock. John ; was horn in .Tael<.son County, 
Alabama, t)ctober 29, 1824: was educated in Ala- 
bama and Tennessee: studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1846: settled in Texas 'n 1847, practic- 
ing his profession until 18,il, when he was elected to 
the District Jiench of the State; sened as Judge 
until 185,5, when he resigned; was a memlier of the 
State Legislature in 1860 and 1861; refused to take 
the oath of allegiance to the Confederate States, and 
was expelled: was elected a member of the State 
Constitutional Convention of 1866; engaged in the 
practice of his profession, and stock raising; was 
elected to the Forty-second and Forty-third Con- 
gres.se,s, serving on the Committees on Appropriations 
and the Centennial; was re-elected to the Forty- 
fourth Congress; was also elected a Represeutative 
from Texas to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Hand, Augustus C; was born in Shoreham, 
Addison, County, Vermont, in 1806; adopted the 
profession of law; settled at Elizabethtown, Ivsscx 
C^ounty, New York; was Surrogate of that county 
from 1831 to 18:59; was a Representative in (.'ongri'ss 
from New York from 1839 to 1841; a member of the 
State Senate from 1845 to 1848; was a Justice of the 
Supreme Court from 1848 to 1856, after which he 
was wholly devoted to the practice of his profession. 

Hand, Edward; was a Delegate from Peitnsyl- 
vania to the Continental Congress, in 1784 and 1785. 

Handley, 'Williani A.; was born near Franklin, 
Georgia, Deceml)er 15, 1834; removed, when young, 
Jo Alabama, where he was educated at a village 
school; was a United States mail-carrier for two 
years; a Post Office Clerk; for many years a Mail 



Contractor; was engaged in mercantile pursuits in 
the service of the Confederate States, as a civil and 
military officer, from 1861 to 1865; was elected to the 
Fortj- -second Congress as Representative from Ala- 
bama, serving on the Committee on Revolutionary 
Claims. 

Hanks, James M.; was born in Helena, Arkan- 
sas. February 12, 183;!; received a common school 
edtication; was a student at the Colleges of Xew .\1- 
bany, Indiana, and Columbia, Tenncs.see; studied 
law; graduated at the University of Louisville in 
1855; commenced practice, and continued it at Hele- 
na until the breaking out of the war; was oi)po.sed to 
secession; was elected Judge of the First District of 
Arkansas in 1864, and remained upon the bench until 
1868; was elected to the Forty-second Congress :i,s 
Jiepresentative from his native State, ser\ ing on the 
Committee on In.surrectionary States. 

Hanna, John ; was born in Marion County, In- 
diana, September 3, 1827; graduated at Asbiiry Uni- 
ver.sity, Indiana, in 1850; studied an<i practiced law; 
was Mayor of Greencastle from 1851 to 1854; r(t- 
moved to Kansas, and was a Representati\e in its 
Territorial Legislature in 18.57 and ls.')8: returned to 
Indiana: was a Presidential Elector in 1860; in 1861 
was appointed, by President Lincoln, Uniteil States 
District .attorney for the District of Indiana, and was 
re-appointed in 1865; was remo\(fil by I'resident 
Johnson; was elected a Representative from Indiana 
to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Hanna, John A ; was a Representative in ( on- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1797 to 1805. 

Hanna, Robert ; was a member of the Indiana 
Constitutional Convention of 1816; a General of 
Militia; was for many years in the State Legislature; 
was a Senator in Congress from Indiana, by appoint- 
ment, from 1831 to 1832; took an active part for 
many years in the public affairs of his State; was 
killed by the cars, while walking on the track of a 
railroad at Indianapolis, November 19, 1858. 

Hannegan.Edw^ard A.; was born in Ohio, but 
passed his boyhood in Kentucky; re<'eived a good 
education; studied law, atid was admitted to the bar 
in his twenty-third year, .settling in Indiana; was 
frequently a memlier of the State Legislature; was a 
Representative in Congress fn mi Indiana from 18;!:! to 
18:!7; a Senator in Congress from 1843 to 1849, offi- 
ciating part of the time as Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Itoads and Canals and on Enrolled Pills: on 
his retirement from the Senate was appointed 
Minister to Prussia, and on his return from Europe 
took up his residence in Missouri. Died at St. Louis, 
February 25, 1859. 

Hanson, Alexander Contee ; was a lawyer by 
jiofession; was a Presidential Elector in 1789 and 
1793; at one time edited a political newspaper called 
the Fciirni I lUpuhlican, first at Baltimore and then at 
Georgetown, District of Columbia; was a bitter op- 
ponent of the administration, and in 1812 publislied 
an arti<le, which so irritated the iH)]iulace tbat bis 
printing-office in Baltimore was destroyed; resolved 
to re-issue th<' paper, and took possession of a hou.se 
for that purpose, supported by several political 
friends, well armed: the jiaper aijjieared next morn- 
ing with an article against the people an<l police of 
Baltimore, and in the evening the house was attacked 
by a mob, wl ich wa.s, however, rcjielled: lint Mr. 
Hanson and h'a friends were obliged to surreiiiler to 
the civil authorities for security, and were cundnctcd 
to. jail; that building w:is :ilso attacked, :ind ^Ir. 
Hanson was thrown in front of the jail, with others. 



216 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



and left by the mob, supposed to be dead; it was 
after this that he issued his paper in Georgetown; 
afterwards settled in Baltimore, and was elected a 
Representative in Congress, serving from 1813 to 
1816, when he was elected a Senator of the United 
States from Maryland. Died in Belmont, April 23, 
1819. 

Hanson, John ; was distinguished as a friend of 
his<;ountry; was a Delegate from Maryland to the 
Continental Congress from 1781 to 1783; President of 
that body during the first session, and a signer of 
the Articles of Confederation. Died in Prince 
George County, November 13, 1783. 

Haralson, Hugh A.; was born in Greene Coun- 
ty, Georgia, November 13, 1805; graduated at the 
University of Georgia in 1825; adopted the law as a 
profession, havitv:;, by an act of the Legislature, been 
permitted to practice before he was twenty-one; was, 
for many years, a member of the Georgia Legislature; 
was a Representative in Congress from 1843 to 1851; 
participated in the military affairs of the State, and 
was a Major-General of Militia; when in Congress 
was Chairman of the Committee on MUitary Affairs. 
Died at liis home in October, 1854. 

Haralsson, Jeremiah ; was born in Muscogee 
County, Georgia, April 1, 1846, of slave parents; in 
1865 became free by the close of the Rebellion, and 
settled in Alabama; acquired a knowledge of English 
by means of his own personal efforts; in 1866 took 
an interest in politics; in 1870 presided over the Con- 
vention which nominated B. S. Turner for Congress; 
in the same year was elected to the State I^egislature; 
in 1871 a Justice of the Peace; was for three years 
President of the "Alabama Labor Union"; also 
elected to a Convention of his own people held in 
New Orleans; in 1872 was elected a State Senator; in 
1874 was elected to tlie Forty -fourth Congress from 
the State of Alabama^ 

Hard, Gideon; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1833 to 1837, and a State 
Senator from 1842 to 1847. 

Hardeman, Thomas ; was born at Eatonton, 
Georgia, January 12, 1825; graduated at Emory Col- 
lege, Georgia, in 1845; studied law and was admitted 
to the bar in 1847; engaged in the warehouse and 
commission business; in 1853 was elected a Repre- 
sentative in the Stat<; Legislature; in 1855 was elected 
State Senator; in 1857 was again elected to the As- 
sembly; in 1859 was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress irom Georgia; served with distinction in the 
Confederate Army during the Civil War; was again 
elected to the Assembly in 1863, and was Speaker of 
the House; was re-elected in 1864, and was again 
made Speaker; was Chairman of the Democratic 
State Executive Committee tor four years; in 1874 
was again elected a Representative in the State Leg- 
islature, and was chosen Speaker of the House; in 
1876 became President of the Georgia State Agricul- 
tural Society, and continued to be annually re-elected; 
was elected a Representative from Georgia to the 
Forty-eighth Congress. 

Hardenbergh, Augustus A.; was born in New 
Brunswick, New Jersey, May 18, 1830; was educated 
at Entgers College; spent several years in a counting 
house in New York City; in 1853 was elected to the 
State Legislature; in 1858 became cashier of the 
Hudson County Bank in Jersey City; in 1868 was 
elected, by the Legislature, State Director of Rail- 
roads; was a Delegate to the Baltimore Convention 
of 1868; President of the Northern Railroad of New 
Jersey; in 1871 was elected a Representative from 



N^vv .Tersey to the Forty-fourth Congress; was re- 
elected to the Forty-fifth Congress; declined re-nom- 
ination; in 1878 was elected president of the Hudson 
County National Bank; was elected to the Forty- 
seventh Congress; declined a further re-nomination. 

Hardin, Benjamin ; was born in Westmoreland 
County, Pennsylvania, in 1784; removed, with his 
parents, to Washington County, Kentucky, in 1787; 
received his education from private tutors; studied 
Law, and was admitted to the bar in 1806; settled at 
Elizabethtown, but removed to Bardstown in 1808; 
was a member of the Legislature in 1810, 1811, 1824, 
and 1825; State Senator from 1828 to 1832; was a 
Representative in Congress from Kentucky, from 
1815 to 1817, from 1819 to 1823, and from "l833 to 
1837; was Secretary of State of Kentucky from 1844 
to 1847 ; was a member of the State Constitutional 
Convention in 1849; in the summer of 1852 was crip- 
pled by a fall from his horse and died soon after at 
Bardstown, September 24, 1852. 

Hardin, Charles H.; was born in Boone County, 
Missouri, in 1820; graduated at the Miami Univers- 
ity, Ohio; studied law; in 1848 was elected a County 
Attorney in Missouri; in 1851 became one of the 
Managers of the State Lunatic Asylum: in 1852 was 
elected to the State Legislature, and re-elected in 
1855; was one of a Commission to revise the State 
Laws; in 1858 was again elected to the Legislature, 
and in 1860 to the State Senate; again elected to the 
Senate in 1872; in the following year was elected 
Governor of Missouri; devoted much of his attention, 
as a public man, to the cause of education, and 
through his liberality a college was established in 
Mexico, bearing his name, and having an endowment 
of nearly forty thousand dollars. 

Hardin, E. R.; was born in Georgia; was ap- 
pointed an Associate Justice of the United States 
Court for the Territory of Nebraska. 

Hardin, John J.; was born at Frankfort, Ken- 
tucky, in 1810; w;is the son of M. D. Hardin, pre- 
viously a member of Congress; graduated at tlie 
Transylvania University; adopted the profession of 
the law; removed to Illinois, and located in Jackson- 
ville, where he practiced his profession witii succass; 
held the office of Prosecuting Attorney for his Cir- 
cuit; was a member of the Illinois Legislature from 
1836 to 1842; was a Representative in Congress from 
Illinois, from 1843 to 1845; commanded a regiment 
in the war with .Mexico, and was killed at the battle 
of Buena Vista, while leading his men, with heroic 
gallantry, in a final charge, February 23, 1847. 

Hardin, Martin D.; was born on the Mononga- 
hela River, Western Pennsylvania, June 21, 1780; 
was educated chiefly at Transylvania Seminary, in 
Kentucky; studied law; served for several j'ears in 
the Legislature of Kentucky; was at one time Sec- 
retary of State lor Kentucky; served in the North- 
western army as a Major; was a Senator in Congress 
during the years 1816 and 1817; he had a superior 
mind, and as a laivyer was eminently successful. 
Died in Franklin County, Kentucky, October 8, 1823. 

Harding, Aaron ; was born in Greene County, 
Kentucky; passed his boyhood on a farm; studied 
law, and came to the bar in 1833, locating in Greene 
County; in 1840 was elected to the State Legislature; 
in 1861 was elected a Representative from Kentucky 
to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Territories; re-elected to the Tliirty-eisrhth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on the Post 
Office and Post Roads; re-elected to tlie Thirth-ninth 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



217 



Congress, ser%-iiig on the Committees on Banking and 
Currency and Invalid Pensions; was a Delegate tt) 
the Philadelphia "National Union Convention" ol 
1866. 

Harding, Abner C.; was born in East Hamp- 
ton, Middk-se.x County, Connectiout, February 10, 
1807; was educated chiefly at Hamilton Academy, 
New York; practiced law in Oneida County, of that 
State, and lifteen years in Illinois; managed farms in 
that State for twenty -five years; was a member of the 
Illinois Constitutional Convention of 18-4H; served in 
the State Legislature in 1848, 1849, and 1850; was for 
ten years engaged in managing railroads; in 1862 
enlisted as a private in the Eighty-third Illinois In- 
fantry, and, having been appointed its Colonel, served 
with success at Fort Donelson ; was made a Brigadier- 
General, and had command at Murfreesborough in 
1863; in 1864 was elected a Representative from Illi- 
nois to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Manufactures, and on the Militia; 
re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the Union Prisoners, Claims, and the 
Militia. Died at Monmouth, Warren County, Illi- 
nois, July 19, 1874. 

Harding', Benjamin F.; was born in Wyoming 
County, Pennsylvania, January 4, 1823; studied law 
in his native county, and came to the bar in 1847; 
emigrated to Illinois in 1848, and during the follow- 
ing year settled in Oregon; in ISoU was chosen a 
member of the Legislative Assembly; in 1851 was 
Chief Clerk of the Legislative Assembly; in 1852 was 
chosen a member of the Legislature and made 
Speaker; in 1853 was appointed, by President Pierce, 
United States District Attorney for the Territory of 
Oregon; in 1854 was appointed Secretary of the Ter- 
ritory, which office he held until Oregon was ad- 
mitted as a State; from 1859 to 1862 was a member 
of the State Legislature, serving the last two years 
as Speaker; in 1862 was elected a Senator in Congress 
from Oregon; took his seat during the third session 
of the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Naval Affairs and that on Public Lands. 

Harding, Stephen S.; was born in Indiana; 
removed to Utah ; was appoi nted from that Territory 
an Associate Justice of the United States Court for 
the Territory of Colorado, residing in Denver City. 

Hardy, John ; was bom in Scotland, September 
19, 1835; emigrated to the United States, with his 
parents, when a child; graduated from the College of 
the City of New York in 1853, and became a tutor in 
that institution ; studied law, and was admitted to 
practice in 1861 ; in that year was a member of the 
State House of Representatives; was a member of the 
Board of Aldermen of the City of New York in 1863, 
1864, 1867, 1868, and 1869; was Clerk of the Com- 
mon Council in 1870 and 1871; was Chief Clerk in 
the office of the Mayor in 1877 and 1878; was elected 
a Representative from New York to the Forty-seventh 
Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of 
Fernando Wood; was re-elected to the Forty-eighth 
Congress. 

Hardy, Samuel; was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress from Virginia from 1783 to 1785. 

Haring, John ; was a Delegate from New York 
to the Continental Congress from 1774 to 1775, and 
again from 1785 to 1788. 

Harlan, Aaron; was born in Warren County, 
Ohio, September 8, 1802; received a good English 
education; adopted the profession of the law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1325; in 1831 was elected 



a member of the State Legislature; in 1838 aiid 1839 
was elected to the State Senate; was a Presidential 
Elector, in 1844, from Ohio; in 1849 was again eUclcd 
to the State Senate; in 1850 was a member of the 
"State Constitutional Convention"; in 1852 was 
elected a Representative in Congress from Ohio, where 
he continued to serve the people of his native district 
until the close of the Thirty-tilth Congress, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Private Land 
Claims. 

Harlan, Andtew J.; was born in Chester, Clin- 
ton County, Ohio, March 29, 1815; received a limited 
education; studied law, but abandoned the ])ractice 
for politics; in 1842 was elected Clerk of the Indiana 
House of Representatives; was elected to the Legisl.o- 
ture in 1846, 1847, and 1848; was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Indiana from 1849 to 1851, 
and again from 1853 to 1855. 

Harlan, James; was bom in Mercer County, 
Kentucky, June 22, 1800; received a good English 
education; engaged in mercantile pursuits from 1817 
to 1821; then commenced the study of the law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1823; in 1829 was ap- 
pointed Prosecuting Attorney for the Circuit in which 
he resided, and held the office four years; in 1835 
was elected a Representative in Congress from Ken- 
tucky, and in 1837 was re-elected; during the last 
session was Chairman of the Committee for Investi- 
gating Defalcations; from 1840 to 1844 was Secretary 
of State of Kentucky; was a Presidential Elector in 
1841; in 1845 was elected to the lower branch of the 
Legislature; in 1850 was appointed Attorney-General 
of that State, which office he held until his death, 
which occurred at Frankfort, Kentucky, February 
18, 1863. 

Harlan, James ; was born in Cl.irke County, 
Illinois, Aug-ust 25, 1820; graduated at the Indiana 
Asbury Uni\'ersity in 1845; adopted the profession of 
the law; was Superintendent of Public Instruction 
for lowain 1847; wasPresidentof the Iowa Wesleyan 
University in 1853; was elected a Senator in Con- 
gress from Iowa in 1855, serving as C'hairman of the 
Committee on Public Lands; on .Tanuary 12, 1857, 
because of informality in his appointment, and after 
long debate, his seat was declared vacant, but on the 
17th of the same month he was elected by the Legis- 
lature for the term ending in 1861; was a Delegate to 
the "Peace Convention" of 1861; was re-elected to 
the Senate for the term ending in 1867; in March, 
1865, was invited, by President Lincoln, to succeed 
Mr. Usher as Secretary of the Interior Department; 
after the death of President Lincoln he waived his 
right to a seat in the cabinet of President Johnson, 
but the appointment of the former was confirmed by 
the latter, and on May 15, 1865, he resigned his seat 
in the Senate and entered upon his duties as Secre- 
tary of the Interior; in January, 1866, was again 
re-elected to the Senate for the term commencing in 
1867 and ending in 1873, and in July resigned hia 
position as Secretary of the Interior, the resignation 
to take effect in the September following; was also a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1866; inl867wasmade Chairman of the Com- 
mitteeon theDistrictof Columbia, serving on thoseon 
Foreign Relations, Post Office, and Pacific Railroad; 
in 1869 was appointed President of the Iowa Univers- 
ity; after leaving the Senate in 1873 became pro- 
prietor and editor of the Wiishington Chronicle. 

Harlan, John Marshall; was born in Boyle 
County, Kentucky, .lure 1. 1*33; graduated from 
Centre College, Kentucky, in 1850; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 18,53; in ].-^58 was elected 



218 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



County Judge of Franklin Count}', Kentucky; in 
185il was defeated for Congress as the candidate of the 
Whig, or anti-Democratic party; at the breaking out 
of the Civil War entered the Union Army as Colonel 
of the Tenth Kentucky Infantry; in 1863 was elected, 
on the Union ticket, Attorney-General of Kentucky; 
-yvas an unsuccessful candidate for Governor of the 
State in 1871 and 1875; in 1877 was appointed, by 
President Hayes, an AssociateJustice of the Supreme 
Court of the United States. 

Harmanson, John H.; was born in Norfolk, 
Virginia, in January, 1803; was educated at Jetferson 
College, Mississippi; having removed to Louisiana, 
devoted himself first to one of the mechanic arts, then 
to law, and afterwards to agriculture; served in the 
State Senate in 1814; was elected to the National 
House of liepresentatives in 184.5, and re-elected in 
1817 and 184S), ever keeping a watchful eye upon the 
interests of his adojited State; proposed, in Congress, 
a project to secure a grant from the United States to 
Louisiana of all the submerged lands in that State, 
with a view to their redemption from that condition, 
thus promoting the public health. Died in New 
Orleans, October 25, 1850. 

Harniar, Josiah ; was bom in Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania, in 1753; educated chiefly at liobert 
Proud's Quaker School; was made Caijtain of the 
First Pennsylvania Kegiment in October, 1776; was 
Lieutenaut-Coloncl from 1777 until the close of the 
war; was in Washington's Army from 1778 to 1780; 
■with General Greene in the South in 1781 and 1782; 
made Brevet-Colonel of the First United States Regi- 
ment in 1783; in 1784 took the Katilication of the 
Treaty of France; was Indian Agent for the North- 
west Territory in 1785, and was present when the 
treaty was made at Fort Mcintosh; w;is Lieutenant- 
Colonel of Infantry in 1784; brevetted Brigadier- 
General by Congress in 1787, and General-in-Cliief of 
the Army in 1789; commanded an expedition against 
the Jliami Indians in 1790, and partially deleated 
them; resigned in 1792; was Adjutant-General of 
Pennsylvania from 1793 to 1799, and furnished the 
troops for Wayne's camijaigu in 1793 and 1794. Died 
in Philadelphia, August 20, 1813. 

Harmer, Alfred C; was born in Germantown, 
Pennsylvania, August 8, 1825; received a public 
school education; commenced business as a shoe 
manufacturer and became a wholesale dealer; w'as 
elected a member of the City Councils of Philadelphia 
in 1856, and served four years; was elected Recorder 
of Deeds for Philadelphia in 1860, and served tlu-ee 
years; was a Delegate to the National Convention at 
Chicago; was elected to the Forty-second and Forty- 
third Congresses, serving as Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on the District of Columbia, and as a member of 
that on Weights and Measures; was .again a Repre- 
^entative liom Pennsylvania to the Forty-fifth, 
I'orty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty- 
ninth Congresses. 

Harnett, Cornelius ; wa.s a Delegate from North 
Carolina to the Continent;il Congress from 1777 to 
1780, and signed the Articles of Confederation. 

Harper, Alexander; was born in Ireland; 
having emigrated to Ohio, was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress from 1837 to 1839, from 1843 to 
1847, and again trom 1851 to lS53. 

Harper, Francis J.; was elected a member of 
Congress from Pennsylvania, but died betbre taking 
1 lis seat. March 18, 1837, aged thirty-eight years. 



Harpor, James ; was born in Ireland in 1779; 
was a brickmaker; having emigrated to Pennsyl- 
vania, was elected a Representative in Congress 
from 1833 to 1837; was a prominent member of the 
Masonic fraternity. Died in Philadelphia, ilarch 31, 
1872. 

Harper, James C; was born in Cumberland 
('ounty, I'ennsylvania, Decemljer 6, 1819; removed 
to Ohio in 1831; was reared on a farm; received a 
common school education ; in 1840 removed to Cald- 
well County, North Carolina, where he engaged in 
mercantile pursuits, but afterwards in farming; filled 
various county oftices; was elected to the State 
Legislature in 1865, 1866, and 1868; was barred by 
the fourteenth amendment to the Constitution of the 
United States, but his disabilities were removed by 
Congress in 1869; was elected to the Forty-second 
Congress, serving on the Committee on the Pacific 
Railroad. 

Harper, John A.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New Hampshire from 1811 to 1813. 

Harper, Joseph M.; was born in Limerick, 
Maine, .Tune 21, 1787; commenced active life by 
working on his father's farm in summer, and going 
to the district school in winter; was also attheFrye- 
burg Academy; taught scliool; studied medicine and 
law, and practiced both professions; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from New Hampshire, from 
1831 to 1835; in 18.58 was President of the Me- 
chanics' Bank, Concord; for a short time, in 1831, 
officiated as Acting Governor of New Hampshire. 
Died in Canterbury, New Hampshire, January 14, 
1865. 

Harper, Robert Goodloe ; was born near Fred- 
ericksburg, Virginia, in 1765; was a graduate of 
Princeton College in 1785, and for a time a teacher 
in that institution; removing to Charleston, South 
Carolina, studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
of that .St.ate ; was a leading Representative in Con- 
gress from Soutli Carolina, from 1794 to 1801; subse- 
quently removed to BaltimorCj JIaryland; wa.s a 
Senator in Congress from that State during the years 
1815 and 1816: in 1819 visited Europe, and on his 
return devoted ^limself to the cause of the Coloniza- 
tion Society ana to literary pursuits, publishing a 
number of interesting addresses and papers, which 
were subseiiuently collected in a volume; ser\ed 
with credit in the war of 1813, attaining the rank of 
Major-General. Died suddenly, January 15, 1825, 
having been engaged the i^receding day in the Cir- 
cuit Court. Received the degree of Doctor of Laws 
from Princeton College. 

Harper, Samuel H.; w.as a Judge of the L'nited 
States Court for the District of Louisiana. 



Harper William ; was a native of South Caro- 
lina; born January 17, 1790; graduated at the South 
Carolina College in 1808; became one of the Board of 
Trastees of that institution in 1813; adopted the pro- 
fession of the law; served in the State Legislature, 
and was elected Speaker of the Lower House; was a 
Senator in Congress from South Carolina during the 
year 1826; was appointed Chancellor of that State in 
1835; in 1830 was elected a Judge of the Court of 
Appeals, and for a time State Reporter; for domestic 
reasons, he spent a few years in Missouri from 1813 
to 1823, and while there was made Chancellor of 
the State; was an eminent jurist. Died October 10, 
1847. 



B I O G R A P Pr T C A L ANNALS. 



219 



Harriman, Walter ; was boru at Warner, New 
Hampshire; was a sehool teacher, ami subsequeutly 
a trader, anil being an active iiolitician, held several 
important ollices; in Ain;\ist, lS(i-2, became Colonel 
oftlie Eleventh New Hampshire Regiment, which he 
led through the Civil War; was Secretary of State of 
New Hampshire from 18(j,"i to ISOT, and (lovernor of 
the State from 1867 to 1869. Died .July 25, 1884. 

Harrington, George ; w:us born in Massachu- 
setts; becami! a citizen of Georgia; wa.s for many 
years a Clerk in the Trea-sury Departmeut at Wash- 
ington; Chief Clerk under his personal friend, S. P. 
Chase; in 18(il was a])iiointed .Vssistunt Secretary of 
that department: between the years 18(i.5 and 186!) 
was Minister K'esident to Ssvitzerlund; was subse- 
quentlv President of a telegraph company in New 
York City. 

Harrington, Henry "W.; was born in Otsego 
County, New York, September 12, 18:i."); studied law, 
and came to the bar in 1849; in 18,56 took np his 
residence in Indiana, and continued the prosecution 
of his profession there; after serving in a local conven- 
tion, was chosen a Delegate to the Cliarleston Con- 
vention in 18(>(l; in 1862 was elected a Representative 
from Indiana to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Private Land Claims; was a 
Delegate to the New York Convention of 1868; was 
subsequently appointed an Assessor of Internal Rev- 
enue in Indiana. 

Harris, Benjamin G^winn; was born near 
Leonarilstown, St. Mary's C'ouuty. Maryland, De- 
cember li!, 1806; after receiving an academic educa- 
tion at Charlotte Hall, s])ent a few months in St. 
Mary's College, and went to Yale College, from which 
he was dismissed, with one hundred and forty others, 
in 1829, on account of their seceding from Commons 
Hall; although a compact was entered into that they 
would not return unless their wishes were respected, 
all of them did return, excepting Jlr. Harris and one 
other, a Georgian; subsequently spent fourteen 
months at the C'ambridge Law School, and then set- 
tled in his native county as a lawyer; in 18:!2 was 
elected to the House of Delegates of .Maryland, and 
re-elected in 183:5. 1836, 1849, 18-52, and ls.-,6; with 
his profession and public duties he combined agri- 
cultural pursuits; in 186:? was elected a liei)resenta- 
tive from .Maryland to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Manulaetures; was a 
Delegate to the "Chicago Convention " of 1864; re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress; in May, 18(>5, 
was arrested and tried Viy court martial for violating 
the 5(ith Article of War, and, although declared 
guilty, the President, on account of additional testi- 
mony, ordered the sentence of the court to be re- 
mitted in full. 

Harris, Benjamin "W.; was born in Bridge- 
water, Massachusetts, November 16, 182:?; received 
an academic education; studied law at the Dane Law- 
School, Cambridge; was admitted to practice at Bos- 
tim in 1850; removed to Last Ihidgewatcr in 18.5(1; 
was a member of the State Senate in 18.57, and a 
Representative in 1858; was District .\ttoriU'^ from 
18i)8 to 1866; was Collector of Internal Revenue for 
the Second District from 1866 until 187:!, when he 
resigned; was elected to the Forty -tliird Congress, 
and'^re elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Indian AlUiiis; was re-eleetid 
a Uepicscntative from Ma.ssachusftts to the Forty- 
tifth, Forly-si.Kth, and Forty-seventh Congre.sses; de- 
clined a re-nomination. 



HaiTis, Gary A.; was appointed Commissioner 
of Indian Allairs in .fuly, 18:i6, but only held the 
office irntil October of the same year. 

Harris, Charles M.; w;us born in Munlbids\ ille. 
Hart County, Kentucky, April 10. 1821; received a 
common school education; adopted the profession of 
the law; having become a citizen of Illinois, was 
elected, in 18(i2, a Representative from that State to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on thi' ('oniiuit- 
tees on Public E.-cpenditures and on E.xpenditures in 
the War Department. 

Harris, Edward ; was one of the earliest mem- 
bers of the Circuit Court of the United States after 
its organization, and was appointed .Tudge of the 
Fifth Circuit in 1802, by President .left'erson. 

Harris, Elisha ; was Governor of Rhode Island 
for two years, bi-ginning with the year 1847. 

Harris, George E.; was born in Orange County, 
North Carolina, .lanuary. 18;>7; was reared in Car- 
roll County, Tennessee; removed to Mis-iissippi in 
1844; studied law and practiced from 1854 until the 
breaking out of the war in 1861; was opposed to se- 
cession, but when his State severed its connection 
with the Union, joined the Confederate .Vrmy, and 
remained until the close of the war; e:ime home and 
favored reconstruction; was elecled District .Attorney 
in 1865 and 186(i; was elected to the Forty-rtrsfc 
and Forty-second Congresses, serving on the (_'om- 
luittees on Military Atfairs and .Vcciiunts; \va< sub.se- 
qucntly chosen Attorney -General for the State of 
Mississippi. 

Harris, Henry R.; was boru in Sjiarta, (leorgia, 
February 2, 182^; removed to Greenville, Meriwether 
County, in 18.!:{; graduated at Emory College in 
1847; engaged in planting; was a member of the 
Georgia Convention in 18ijl; was elected to the Forty- 
third Congress, and re-elected to the Forty-lburlh 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Mines and 
Mining: in December, 1875. was appointed Chairman 
of the Committee on Enrolled Hills; re-elected to the 
Forty-tifth (Congress; was also elected a Represent;v 
five to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Harris, Henry S. ; was horn .at Belvidere, New 
.Jersev. Decern'' -r 27, 18.50: grailii:ited at Princetim 
College in 1870: studied law: was licensed as an at- 
torney in 187:?, and as Counselor in 1876; in 1877 was 
appointed Prosecutor of the Pleas for Warren County; 
was elected a Representative from New Jersey to the 
Forty-seventh ( 'ongress. 

Harris, Ira; was born in Charleston, Montgom- 
ery County. New York. May :il. 1802, tracing his 
lineage to the colony of Roger Williams; wlieii a boy- 
worked upon a farm in .summer, and altendeil school 
in winter; in his seventeenth year entered Cortland 
-Vcademy to prepare for college; graduated at Unicn 
College in 18'M: studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in .Mliany, where he settled; for .seventi-eii 
years devoted his whole attention to his prol'ession, 
in which he w:vs eminently successful, avoiiling all 
political entanglements; in 1844 was elected to the 
State Legislature; re-elected in 1845; was a Delegate, 
in 1846, to the Convention tor revising the Constitu- 
tion of the State; beline the Convention adjourned 
w;i.s elected to the State Senate; in 1847 was elected 
.Judge of the Supreme Court, and held the )>ositioa 
twelve and a half yeai-s; in 18lil was elected, lor six 
yeai-s, a Senator in Congress frimi New York, serving 
its Chairman of the Committee on I'riviitc Land 
Claims, and member of the Committees on the ,)udi- 



'i20 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



ciary, Foreign Relations, and Public Lands; was a 
memlier of the Sjiecial Joint ( ommittee on the Rebel- 
lious States; was also a member of the National Com- 
mittee appointed to accompany the remains of Presi- 
dent Lincoln to Illinois; during'hissojom-n in Wash- 
ington he delivered an occasional Lecture before the 
Law Students of Columbia College, by invitation of 
the Faculty; was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 1866, and to the "State 
Constitutional Convention " of 1867; received, from 
Union College, the degree of LL.D., and, in 1869, was 
acting President of that institution. Died in Albany, 
December 2, 1875. 

Harris, Isham G-.; was born in Franklin County, 
Tennessee; received an academic education; studied 
law; was admitted to the bar and commenced prac- 
tice at Paris, Tennessee, in ls41; was elected a Rep- 
resentative in the State Legislature in 1847; was 
elected a Representative from Tennessee to the Thirty- 
firet and Thirty-second Congresses; declined a re- 
election; removed to Memphis, Tennessee; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1856; was elected Governor in 
1857, and re-elected in 1859 and 1861; served three 
yeai-s in the Confederate Army as a Staff Officer; was 
elected a United States Senator from Tennessee for 
the term of six years from March 4, 1877, and was 
re-elected ibr the term ending in 1889. 

Harris, J. Morrison ; was born in the city of 
Baltimore, in 1821 ; was educated at Lafayette Col- 
lege, Pennsylvania; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1843; was a Presidential Elector in 
1848; in 1855 was elected a Representative from Marj'- 
land in the Thirty-fourth Congress, and returned "to 
the Thirty -fifth Congress in 1857, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Mileage; also re-elected to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Naval Affairs; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"National Union Convention" of 1866. 

Harris, John; was born in New York; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1807 
to 1809. 

Harris, John A.; was born in New York in 1826; 
in 1846settled in Milwaukee,Wisconsin,devoting him- 
self to mercantile pursuits; was President of the Marine 
Bank of Milwaukee; removed to Louisiana in 1864; 
was a member of the State Constitutional Conven- 
tion; was a member of the Board of Registration; 
also of the State Senate; in 1868 was elected a Sena- 
tor in Congress from Louisiana for the term ending in 
1873, serving on the Committees on the District of 
Columbia and Printing. 

Harris, John T.; was born in Albemarle Coun- 
ty, Virginia, May 8, 1825; received a good English 
education, attending school and working on his 
father's farm alternately; taught school for a while; 
studied law, and was licensed to practice in 1845; 
was a State Elector in 1848, 1851, and 1855; a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1852 and 1856; was twice elected 
Attorney tor the Commonwealth; was elected a Rep- 
resentative (rom Virginia to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Expenditures on 
the Public Buildings; was also elected to the Forty- 
second and two succeeding Congresses, serving on 
the Committees on Claims and War Claims; in De- 
cember, 1875, was appointed Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Elections; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth 
and Forty-sixth Congresses. 

Harris, Leavitt ; in 1813 was appointed Secretary 
of Legation to Russia, and while tliere, acted also as 
Secretary of the Mission Extraordinary, for entering 
into negotiations with England; in 1833 was made 
Cliarge d^ Affaires to France. 



Harris, Mark ; was born in Ipswich, M.issachu- 
setts, in 1779; removed to Portland in 1800; became 
a grocer; took an active part in politics; held the 
offices of County and State Treasurer for twenty 
years; was a State Senator in 1816 and 1819; a State 
Counselor in 1820; served also in the State Legisla- 
ture; was a Representative in Congress from Maine 
from 1822 to 1823, for the unexpired term of E. 
Whitman. Died in New York, March 2, 1843. 

Harris, Robert ; was born in Dauphin County, 
Pennsylvania; was a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1823 to 1827. 

Harris, Sampson W.; was bom in Elbert 
County, Georgia, February 23, 1809; graduated at 
Fianklin College in 1828; adopted the profession of 
the law; served one term in the Georgia Legislature; 
removed to Alabama; was there appointed Prosecut- 
ing Attorney for the State; in 1647 was elected a 
Representative in Congress from Alabama, where he 
continued until his death. Died in Washington, D. 
C, AprU 1, 1857. 

Harris, Thomas K. ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Tennessee from 1813 to 1815. 

Harris, Thomas L.; was born in Norwich, Con- 
necticut, October 29, 1810; gi-aduated at Trinity Col- 
lege, Hartford, in 1841; studied law in Connecticut 
with Governor Isaac Touccy; was admitted to the ■ 
bar in Virginia in 1842, and during that year com- 
menced the practice of his profession in Petersburg, 
Menard County, Illinois; in 1 845 was chosen School 
Commissioner for his county; in 1846 raised and com- 
manded a company, and joined the Fourth Regiment 
of Illinois Volunteers, to serve in the war with Mex- 
ico; was afterwards elected JIajor of the regiment, 
and owing to the sickness of his superior officers, 
was chief in command during mostof the campaigns; 
was at the taking of Vera Cruz, and served in the 
navy battery with a detachment during the day of 
its terrible fire; was also at Cerro Gordo, and aftei- 
the wounding of General Shields, took command of 
the regiment; was honora))ly mentioned in govern- 
ment dispatches for placing a twenty-four jtounder 
cannon on the heiglits of Cerro Gordo, during the 
night preceding the battle; while absent in the army, 
in 1846, was elected a Senator in the Illinois Legisla- 
ture; in 1848 was chosen a Representative in Con- 
gress; was again elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress; 
during his second term officiated as Chairman of the 
f Committee on Elections; took a special interest in 
the election in Illinois, when he was re-elected to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, and it is supposed that owing 
to his declining health, the eflbrts he made were the 
immediate cause of his death, which occurred at 
Springfield, Illinois, November 24, 1858; his disease 
was pulmonary consumption. 

Harris, To^wnsend ; was a citizen of New York ; 
in 1855 went to Japan as Consul General, and two 
years afterwards was authorized to negotiate a treaty 
with that empire; in 1868 was promoted to tlie rank 
of Minister Resident, and succeeded in negotiating a 
treaty, and by his diplomacy won special credit from 
his goternment; in 1871 was re-commissioned to the 
same office, and is credited with having done much to 
cement the existing friendship between the United 
States and Japan. Died February 25, 1878. 

Harris, W. L.; was appointed, by the Acting 
Governor of Mississippi in 1851, to fill a vacancy in 
the United States Senate, caused by the resignation 
of J. Davis, but it does not appear from the Journal 
of the Senate that he took his seat. 




?9??' 



^^^- 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



22t 



Harris, Wiley P.; was born in Mississippi; was 
a Representati\e in Coiifjiess I'rom tliat State from 
1853 to 1855. Took part in the Rebellion. 

Harris, William A.; was bom in Fauquier 
County, Virginia, Augusts, 1805; received a classical 
education; adopted the profession of the law, and 
practiced it for ten years; was twice elected to the 
Legislature of Virginia; was a Presidential Elector in 
1841; was a Representative in Congress from Virginia 
from 1841 to 1843; was editor, for several years, of a 
journal called the Spirfiitor, and subsequently of the 
OmslituiUm, published in Washington; in 1845 was 
appointed, by President Polk, Charge d'Affaircs to 
Buenos Ay res, where he remained until 1851; after 
the election of Mr. Bucliaiian to the Presidency, be- 
came the editor and proprietor of the Washington 
Union, which coutinued in liis possession until he was 
elected Printer to the United States Senate, which 
ofiSce he held for two years; in 1854 removed to 
Missouri. Died in Pike" County, March 28, 1864. 

Harrison, AlbertG.; wa.s a native of Kentucky; 
■ was a lawyer by profession ; was a member of Congress 
from Miss'ouri 'iiom 1835 to 1839. Died at Fulton, 
Missouri, September 7, 1839, highly esteemed. 

Harrison, Benjamin ; was born in Berkeley 
County, Virginia; was educated at the College of 
William and Mary; after performing important duties 
on local committees, was elected to the Williamsburg 
Convention of 1774; was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress from 1774 to 1778, and signed the Declaration 
of Independence; in 1775 was a member of the Rich- 
mond Convention; took an important part in organiz- 
ing means of defense; while in Congress he served 
conspicuously on the most important committees, 
and was very popular as Chairman of the Committee 
of the Whole; was a Counselor of Virginia underthe 
new form of government; was considered a Colossus 
in the rauseof liberty and human rights; wasameni- 
ber, and Speaker, of the House of Burgesses; in 1782 
was elected Governor of Virginia, and twice re- 
elected; sul>sc(|uently served in the Legislature; was 
a meml)er of the ConAcntion called to ratify the 
Federal Constitution. Died in April, 1791. He was 
the warm personal friend of Washington, and the 
father of President William Henry Harrison. 

Harrison, Benjamin; was born at North Bend, 
Hamilton County, Ohio, August 20, 1833; received 
a cla.ssical education, gradiuiting at Miami Univei-s- 
ity, Ohio, in 1852; stutlied law: in 1854 removed to 
Indianapolis, Indiana, and settled in the practice of 
his profession ; in 1860 was elected Reporter of the 
Supreme Court of the State; entered the Union Army 
in 1862, as a subaltern and rose to the rank of Colonel, 
and Brevet Brigadier-General, serving until 1865; 
while in service was re-elected Reporter of the Su- 
preme Court and, after leaving the army, served four 
years in that position; was an unsuccessful candidate 
for Governor of Indiana in 1876; in 1879 w:w ap- 
pointed a member of the Mississippi liiver Commis- 
sion; was elected a Senator for the United States 
from Indiana for the term of six years from March 4, 
1881. 

Harrison, Carter B.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Virginia from 1793 to 1799. 

Harrison, Carter H.; was born in Fayette 
County, Kentucky, February 15, 1825; his early edu- 
cation was obtained from his mother, but he gra<lu- 
ated at Yale College in 1845; prepared himself for the 
legal profession, but became a farmer; subsequently 
traveled in Europe; gnvduated at the Law School 
of Transylvania, and settled in Chicago, Illinois; 



after the great fire, in 1871, was elected a member of 
the Board of County Commissioners; in 1874, after 
his return from a second trip to Europe, was elected 
a Representative from Illinois to the Forty-fourth 
Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress; 
in 1879 was elected Mayor of Chicago, and was re- 
elected in 1881, 1883, and 1885. 

Harrison, Henry B.; was bom at New Haven, 
Connecticut, September 11, 1821; received a classical 
education, graduating from Yale College in 1846; 
studied law; was admitted to the bar at New Haven 
in 1848, and engaged in the practice of law there, in 
which he continued until 1880, when he retired from 
business; was a member of the State Senate of Con- 
necticut in 1854; was a Representative in the Legis- 
lature of Connecticut in 1865, 1873, and 1884; in the 
latter year was Speaker of the House; was elected 
Governor of Connecticut for the term of two years 
IY(«n .lauuary, 1885. 

Harrison, Horace H.; was born in Wilson 
County, Tennessee, August 7, 1829; was liberally 
educated; was elected Clerk of the State Senate in 
1851; .studied law and was admitted to the bar in 
1857; removed to Nashville in 1859; was appointed 
United States District Attorney for Middle Tennessee 
in 1863; was elected Chancellor in the Nashville 
Chancery Division in 1866; was appointed Judge of 
the Supreme Court of Tennessee in 1867; resigned in 
1868; was an Elector for the State at large; was again 
'appointed United States District Attorney in 1872; 
was elected to the Forty-third Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Elections. 

Harrison, John Scott; w.as born in Ohio; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
18.53 to 1857. He was the son of William Henry 
Harrison. 

Harrison, Richard; was born in 1750; was 
Auditor of the United States for fitty-live years; and 
live years Consul to Cadiz. Died in Washington, 
July' 10, 1841. 

Harrison, Richard A.; was born in England 
in 1827; emigrated to Oliio in 183(); received a good 
Englisli education; served for a time in a printing 
office in Clarke County; graduated at the Cincinnati 
Law School in 1846; in 18.57 was elected to the Ohio 
House of Representatives; subsequeutly to the State 
Senate; wa.s elected a Representative from Oliio to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Invalid Pensions and on the Militia. 

Harrison, S. S.; was born in Maryland; was a 
Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania from 
1833 to 1837. 

Harrison, William ; was a Delegate from Slary- 
land to the Continental Congress from 1785 to 1787. 

Harrison, William Henry ; was born in Charles 
County, Virginia, Feliruary 9, 1773; was educated 
at Hampden Sidney College; afterwards studied mcili- 
cine; received, from President Washington, a mili- 
tary commission in 1791, aiul Ibught under Wayne 
in 1792; after the battle of Miami Rapids, was made 
Cai)tain and placed in command of Fort Wixshington; 
in 1797 was appointed Secretary of the Northwest 
Territory; in 1799 and 1800 was a Delegate to Con- 
gress; being appointed Governor of Indiana, was also 
Superintendent of Indian Atlairs, and negotiated 
thirteen treaties; gained a great victory at the battle 
of Tippecanoe, November 7, 1811; in the war with 
Great Britain was Commander of the Northwest 
Army, and was distinguished in the defense of Fort 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Meigs, and the victory of the Thames; from 1816 to 
1819 was a Representative in Congress from Ohio; w:is 
a Presidential Elector in 1821 and 1825; from 1825 to 
1828 was United States Senator; in 1828 was Minis- 
ter to the Repaldic of Columbia; on his return, re- 
sided upon his farm, at North Bend, Ohio; in 1840 
was elected President of the United States, by two 
liundred and thirty-four votes out of two hundred and 
ninety-four, and was inaugurated March 4, 1841. 
Died in the Presidential Mansion, April 4, 1841. 

Hart, Alplionso ; was born at Vienna, Trumbull 
County, Ohio. .July 4. 1830; received a good educa- 
tion in the oommun schools and at Grand River Insti- 
tute, Austiuburgh, Ohio; studied law; was admitted 
to the bar in 1851, and engaged in practice; Wiis 
editor of the Portage (Ohio) Sentiml from 1854 to 
18.57; was elected Prosecuting Attorney of Portage 
County in 1861, and re-elected in 1863; in 1864 re- 
signed and was elected State Senator; was again 
elected State Senator in 1871; in 1872 was a Presi- 
dential Elector; in 1873 was elected Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor; removed from Ravenna to Cleveland, Ohio; 
in 1878 settled at Hillsboro, Highland County, Oiiio; 
was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Forty- 
eighth Congress. 

Hart, Emanuel B.; was born in New York City, 
October 29, 1811; entered early upiiu a mercantile 
occupation; went to the Spanish Main as a super- 
cargo; settled in New York as a commission mer- 
chant; served for a time in the Board of Aldermen : 
was a Representative in Congress from 1851 to 1853; 
was at one time a Lieutenant-Colonel of the State 
Militia; was appointed, by President Buchanan, Sur- 
veyor of the Port of New York; was also frequently 
a member of the Stat* and National Conventions of 
the Democratic party. 

Hart, E. Kirke ; was born at Albion, Orleans 
County, New York, April 8, 1841; received an aca- 
demic education; engaged in the banking business in 
1860, and became Cashier of the Orleans County Na- 
tional Bank; was a member of the Assembly in 1872; 
was elected a Representative from New York to the 
Forty-fifth Congress. 

Hart, Jolin ; was born at Hopewell, New Jersey, 
1708; received an ordinary education; was a farmer, 
and for many years a member of the Colonial Legi.s- 
lature of New Jersey; was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1774 to 1777; sutfered much 
from the loyalists, who used special exertions to take 
him prisoner; fled from his family, and wandered 
through the woods from cottage to cottage, and trom 
cave to cave, constantly hunted by his enemie.s, so 
that he never ventured to sleep twice in the same 
place; the capture of the Hessians by \Yashington 
allowed him to return to his estate, where he jjassed 
the rest of his life; was one of the signers of the 
Declaration of Independence, and great confidence 
was reposed in the wisdom and judgment of " honest 
John Hart." Died at Hopewell, in 1780. 

Hart, O. B.; was ))orn in the North; emigrated 
to .lacksonville, Florida; was made Associate Judge 
of the Supreme Court in 1868; was elected Governor 
of Florida m 1872. Died at his home, March 18, 
1874. 

Hart, Ros'well ; was born at Rochester, New 
York, in 1824; graduated at Yale College in 1843; 
studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1847, but 
■never practiced the profession; devoted himself to 
mercantile pursuits: in 1864 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from New York to the Tliirty-ninth Con- 
gre.ss, serving on the Committees on Indian Affairs, 



Expenditures in the State Department, and the Dis- 
trict of Columbia ; was re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress. Died April 20, 1883. 

Hartley, John F.; was born in Maine; was for 
many years a Clerk, and -Iso Chief Clerk, in the 
Treasury Department; in 1805 was appointed Assist- 
ant Secretary of the Treasury; resigned in May, 1875; 
his reputation was that of a most capable officer. 

Hartley, Thomas ; was born in Reading, Penn- 
sylvania; served in the Revolutionary War as a 
(.'olonel, from 1776 to 1779; was a lawyer of emi- 
nence; was a Representative in Congress from Penn- 
sylvania from 1789 until his death, which occurred at 
York, Pennsylvania, in 1800. He was one of those 
who voted for locating the seat of Government on the 
Potomac. 

Hartranft, John Frederick; was born in 
Montgomery County, Pennsyhania, December 16, 
1830; graduated at Union College in 1853; studied 
law and came to the bar in 1859; entered the Volun- 
teer Army at the commencement of the Rebellion, 
and, as Colonel of the Fourth Pennsylvania, was in 
the battle of Bull Run; was also in the battles at 
Roanoke Island, at Newberne, in the second battle of 
Bull Run, and many other engagements; from 1664 
was a Brigadier-General, and had command of a 
brigade at the battle of the Wilderness ; was brevet- 
ted a Jlajor-General; his troops were the first that 
entered Petersburg; in 1865 was elected Auditor- 
General of Pennsylvania, and re-elected in 1868; in 
1872 was elected Governor of Pennsjivania, and was 
re-elected in 1875. 

Hartridge, Julian ; was born in Savannah, 
Georgia; received a collegiate education; studied and 
practiced law; was Solicitor-General of the Eastern 
Judicial Circuit of Georgia; a Representative in the 
State Legislature; Delegate to the Charleston Demo- 
cratic Convention of 1860; served in the Confederate 
Army; was a member of the Confederate Congress: 
w.os a Delegate to the Democratic National Conven- 
tion of 1872; Presidential Elector in that year; was 
elected a Representative from Georgia to the Forty- 
fourth Congress, and re-elected to the Forty-fifth 
Congress. Died January 8, 1879. 

Hartzell, "William ; was born npon a farm in 
Stark County, Ohio, February 20, 1837; in 1840 re- 
moved, with his parents, to Illinois: in 1844 rei 
moved to Texas, where he remained until 1853, when 
he returned to Illinois, and settled in Randolph 
County; graduated at McKendree College in 1859; 
was admitted to the bar in 1864, and engaged in the 
practice of law; was elected a Representative to the 
Forty- fourth Congress from Illinois; was re-elected 
to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Harvey, James E,; was born in South Carolina, 
February 4, l'^20; was chiefly educated by the Right 
Rev. Bishop Eugland, in Charleston; paid some at- 
tention to law; in 1842 w;is appointed to the charge 
of the Loan Oflice in the United States Treasury, 
which he organized; in 1844 became connected with 
the North Aiiwricaii and Unilcil Slates Gazelle, of Phil- 
adelphia, as one of its editors, and was its Washing- 
ton correspondent for seventeen years; also corri> 
sponded with the New York Tribune and other jour- 
nals: in 1861 was appointed, by President Lincoln, 
Minister to Portugal, and remained in the position 
eight years, the Senate having confirmed him with- 
out a single opposing vote; in 1870 established a 
Democratic paper in Washington called the Patriot, 
which he managed for one year, when his health 
compelled him to retire. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



22:$ 



Harvey, James M.; was born in Monroe County, 
Virfiinia. Septi-mber :U, 183,3; sfuilieil in the public 
schools of Indiana, Iowa, and Illinois; practiced sur- 
veying and civil engineering as a profession until he 
removed to Kansas, in 18.^9; vvius Captain in the 
Fourth and Tenth Keginients of Kansas Volunteer 
Infantry from 1861 until 18tj4; was a member in the 
lower House of the State Legislature in 1865 and 
18(i6; a member of the State Senate in 1867 and 1868; 
was Governor of Kansas from 1869 to 1871; was 
elected to the United States Senate to fill theviK'ancy 
occasioned by the resignation of Alexander Cahhvell, 
and took his seat in 187-t, for the term ending in 
1877, serving on the Committees on Mines and Min- 
ing, Mississippi Levees, and Public Lands. 

Harvey, Jonathan; was born in Merrimack 
County, New Hampshire; served seven years in the 
two Houses of the State Legislature; was President 
of the Senate from 1817 to 18'23; was a State Coun- 
selor from 18'23 to 1825; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New Hampshire from 182.5 to 1831. during 
his liist term serving as a member of the Committee 
on Commerce. ' Died in Sutton, New Hampshire, 
August 23, 1859, aged .seventy-nine years. 

Harvey, Louis P.; was born in East Haddam, 
Connecticut, .luly 23, 1820; removed, with his 
parents, to Ohio in 1828; was educated at the Western 
Reserve College; in 1840 settled at Kenosha, Wiscon- 
sin, where he taught an ac:idemy and edited a news- 
paper; in 1850 removed to Rock County and entered 
into active business; was^ member of the first State 
Constitutional Convention ; was in the State Senate 
from 1855 to 1857; was chosen Secretary of State 
soon afterwards; was elected Governor of Wisconsin 
in 1861 ; while going to the army with supplies for 
the wounded after the battle of .Shiloh, w;is drowned 
in the Tennessee river, April 19, 1862. 

Harvey, Matthe'W ; was born in Hillsborough 
County, New Hampshire, in 1781; was for many 
years a member of the New Hampshire Legislature; 
Speaker of the House from 1818 to 1821; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from New Hampshire from 
1821 to 18-25; President of the State Senate from 1825 
to 1828; was a State Counselor in 1828; Governor of 
the State in 1830; in 1831 was appointed Judge of the 
United States District Court. Died at Concord, New 
Hampshire, April 7, 1866. 

Harvie, John; was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress fr^m Virginia from 1778 to 1779, and 
signed the Articles of Confederation. 

Hasbrouck, Abraham ; was a member of the 
New York Assemblj- from Ulster County in 1781 and 
1782, and again in 1811; w.as a Representative in 
Congress from 1813 to 1815; was a State Senator in 
1822. 

Hasbrouck, Abraham B. ; was a native of 
Ulster County, New York; spent a few years of Iiis 
life in New .Jersey; graduated from Yale College in 
1810; wa.s a Representative in Congress from New 
York I'rom 1825 to 1827; was President of Rutgers 
College, which office he resigned. 

Hasbrouck, Josiah ; wiis for four years a mem- 
ber of the New York Assembly; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from that State from 1803 to 1805, 
and again from 1817 to 1819. 

HascaU, Augustus P.; was born in Massa- 
chusetts; was a Ke])resentative in Congress from New 
York from 1851 to 1853. 



Haskell, Dudley C; was born at Springfield, 
Ve, mout, .March 23, ls4!>; received a chussical edn<'a- 
tion; engaged in mercantile pursuits; removed to 
Kansas in 18,55; served ivs a Repre.sentative in the 
State Legislature in 1872, 187.5, and I87r>, the last 
term as .Speaker; was elected a Representative from 
Kansas to the Forty-fifth, Forty-si.xth, Forty-seventh 
and Forty-eiglith Congresses. Died, at Washington, 
December 10, 1883. 

Haskell, "William T.; was born in Tennessee; 
received a liberal education; adopted the profession 
of the law; commanded, ;is Colonel, a Regiment of 
Tennessee Volunteers in the war with Mexico, ami 
distinguished himself at Medelin and at Cerro Gordo; 
"as a Representative in Congress from Tennessee 
from 1847 to 1849; a Presidential Elec'tor in 1852. 
Died at Hopkinsville, Tennessee, March 20, 1859. 

Haskin, John B.; was born at Fordham, West- 
chester County, New York, August 7, 1821; was edu- 
cated at a public school in New York City; was a 
lawyer by profession; held several important city 
offices from 1846 to 1856; w.as then elected a Repre- 
sentative in the Thirty-fifth Congress from New York, 
officiating ;is Chairnum of the Committee on Expen- 
ditures in the Navy Department; was re-elected to 
the Thirty-si.xth Congress, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Public Expenditures. 

Haslett, Joseph ; was born in Delaware, and 
was the son of .John Haslett, who was killed at the 
battle of Princeton in 1777; was Governor of Dela- 
ware from 1811 to 1814, and again in 1823 and 1824. 

Hassaurek, Frederick; was a citizen of Ohio; 
from 1861 to 1866 was .Minister Resident to Ecuador. 

Hastings, George ; was born in Clinton, Onei- 
da County, New York, March 13, 1807; graduated .at 
Hamilton College in 1826; studied law and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1830; was District Attorney for 
Oneida County nine years; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1853 to 1855; late in 
the latter year was elected .ludge for Livingston 
County, which office he held until his death. Died 
at Jlount Morris, Livingston County, New York, 
August 29, 1866. 

Hastings, John ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Ohio from 1839 to 1843. Died at Colum- 
bus, December 29, 1854. 

Hastings, Samuel Clinton ; was a lawyer by 
profession; was a Representative in Congress from 
Iowa from 1846 to 1847; was at one time a .Judge of 
the Supreme Court of Iowa; having emigrated to Cal- 
ifornia, practiced his profession in San Francisco. 

Hastings, Seth ; gradu.ated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1782; was a Representative in Congress 
from Massachusetts from 1801 to 1807; after his ser- 
vice in Congress, wxs elected a State Senator in 1810 
and 1814; was appointed Chief .Justice of the Court 
of .Sessions. Died at Mendon, JIa.ssachusetts, in 1831, 
aged seventy years. 

Hastings, WUham Soden ; was frequently a 
member of the Legislature of Jla.ssacluisetts; was in 
the Senate from 1829 to 1834; was a R<^i)resentative 
in Congress from that State from 1837 to 1842. Died 
at the Sulphur Springs, Virginia, June 17, 1842. 

Hatch, Herschel Harrison ; was born at Mor- 
risville, Madison County, New York, February 17, 
1837; received a common school education; in 1854 
became clerk in a dry goods store in New York City- 
graduated from the Law School of Hamilton College, 



224 



BIOaRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



New York, in 1858, and was admitted to the bar; en- 
gaged in the practice of law in his native county; in 
18U3 removed to Bay City, Michigan, and practiced 
his profession: was elected a member of the first 
Board of Aldermen of Bay City in 1865; elected 
Judge of Probate in 1868; appointed a member of 
the State Constitutional Commission in 1872, and of 
the State Tax Commission in 1881; was elected a 
Representative fjom Michigan to the Forty-eighth 
Congress. 

Hatch, Israel T.; was born in New York in 
1808: was a member of the Assembly of that State in 
« 1852; was elected a Representative to tlie Thirty-fifth 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
the Militia, and as a member of the Committee on 
Engraving; in 1859 was appointed, by President 
Buchanan, to examine and report upon the working 
of the Reciprocity Treaty; a few weeks later was ap- 
pointed Postmaster at Buffalo. Died at Buffalo, 
September 24, 1875. 

Hatch, ■William Henry ; was bom in Scott 
County, Kentucky, September 11, 1833; was educated 
at Lexington, Kentucky; was admitted to the bar in 
1854, and engaged in the practice of law; removed to 
Missouri; was elected Circuit Attorney of the Six- 
teenth Judicial Circuit in 1858, and re-elected in 
1860; served in the Confederate Army as Captain and 
Assistant Adjutant-General during the war of the 
Eebellion; was elected a Representative from Missouri 
to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth and 
Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Hatcher, Robert A.; was born in Buckingham 
County, Virginia, February 24, 1819; was educated in 
Lynchburg; studied law, and was licensed to practice 
in Kentucky; removed to Missouri in 1847; there fol- 
lowed his profession; was, for six years, Circuit 
Attorney of the Tenth Judicial Circuit of Missouri; 
was a member of the State Legislature in 1850 and 
1851 ; a member of the State Convention in 1862; of 
the Confederate Congress in 1864; was elected to the 
Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses, serving on 
several Committees; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth 
Congress. Died at Charleston, Missouri, December 
18, 1886. 

Hatha'way, Samuel G-.; was born in Freetown, 
Bristol County, Massachusetts, July 18, 1780; received 
a common school education; tried the sea as a saUor, 
but gave it np; in 1830 settled in Chenango County, 
New York; was, for eight years, a Justice of the Peace; 
in 1814 and 1818 was elected to the State Legislature; 
in 1822 to the State Senate; wasa Representative from 
New York to the Twenty-third Congress; in 1852 was 
a Presidential Elector; was a Delegate to the "Cin- 
cinnati Convention" of 1856; was for many years 
deeply interested in military affairs, and attained the 
rank of Major-General of Militia; besides holding a 
great variety of local offices, became one of the 
most extensive land proprietors and farmers in his 
county. 

Hathorn, Henry H.; was bom in Greenfield, 
New York, November 28, 1813; received an academic 
education ; was a merc'haut at Saratoga from 1839 to 
1849; was largely interested in the hotel business 
there, as one of the proprietors of Congress Hall, and 
also owner of the Hatliorn Spring; was Supervisor 
for S;iratoga four years; was elected Sherilf of the 
County in 1853 and 1862, serving six years; was 
elected to the Forty-third Congress from New York; 
re-elected to the Forty-fburth Congress. 

Hathorn, John; was a member of the State Sen- 
ate of New York in 1787; was a Representative in 



Congress from New York from 1789 to 1791, and 
again from 1795 to 1797; was again elected to the 
State Senate in 1804; during the latter year was a 
Presidential Elector. 

Hatton, Prank; was bom at Cambridge, Ohio, 
April 28, 1846; in early boyhood removed, with his 
parents, to Cadiz, Ohio, where his father published 
the i?tp«6Kcn« newspaper; in 1857 entered his lather's 
office as an apprentice; at the age of fourteen, in 
1861, became foreman of the publishing office; in 
1863 enlisted in the Union Army; in 1864 was com- 
missioned a First Lieutenant; at the close of the war, 
in 1865, settled at Mt. Pleasant, Iowa, whence his 
father had preceded him, and, in partnership with 
his father, published the Journal newspaper there; 
in 1874 removed to Burlington, Iowa, and purchased 
a controlling interest in the Burlington Hawkeye. and 
there gained a national reputation as a political 
writer; was appointed, by President Hayes, Post- 
ma-ster at Burlington; in October, 1881, was ap- 
pointed, by President Arthur, First Assistant Post- 
master-General; on the appointment of Postmaster- 
General Gresham as Unitecl States Circuit Judge, in 

1884, iMr. Hatton was promoted to the vacancy thua 
created, and enjoyed the distinction of being, with 
the single exception of Alexander Hamilton, the 
youngest person who had ever held a Cabinet office; 
on the expiration of his term of office, in March, 

1885, resumed the profession of journalism as prin- 
cipal owner and editor of the Mail, at Chicago, Illi- 
nois. 

Hatton, Robert ; was born in Sumner County, 
Tennessee, in 1827; graduated at Cambridge Uni- 
versity; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1849; served in the Tennessee Legislature in 1856; 
in 1859 was elected a Representative from Tennessee 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Expenses in the Navy Department; served in 
the Rebellion of 1861, and was killed at the battle of 
Fair Oaks, before Richmond, in 1862. 

Haughey, Thomas; was born in Glasgow, 
Scotland in 1826; emigrated to this country and set^ 
tied in Alabama in 1840, where he received a clas- 
sical education; studied medicine and surgery, and 
graduated as a physician in New Orleans in 1858;. 
served sis a Surgeon in the army of the United States- 
from 1862 to 1865; was subsequently Staff Surgeon 
in the Military Hospital at Chattanooga; was twice 
compelled to leave his home on account of his devo- 
tion to the Union cause; was a Delegate, in 1867, to 
the State Constitutional Convention; and in Febru- ^ .1 
ary, 18C8, was elected a Representative from Ala- 
bama to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Expenditures on Public Buildings. 

Haun, H. P.; was bom in Scott County, Ken- 
tucky; read law at the Transylvania Univei'sity, of 
that State, and was admitted to the bar in 1839; was 
for a time Attorney for his native county; removed 
to Iowa in 1845, and was a member of the Conven- 
tion which tbrmed the Constitution of that State in 
1846; removed to California in 1850, and was there 
elected a County Judge; in 1859 was elected a Sen- 
ator in Congress from California, for the unexpired 
term of the late Mr. Broderick, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Indian Affairs and on Territories. Died 
at Marysville, California, May 6, 1860. 

Haven, Nathaniel A.; was a native of New 
Hampshire; graduated at Harvard University in 
1779; was a member of Congress from that State 
from 1809 to 1811. Died in March, 1831, aged sixty- - 
nine vears. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



225 



Haven, Solomon G.; -was born in New York; 
■WHS a Representative, in Congress from that State 
from 1851 to 1857. Died at liifffalo, New York, De- 
cember 24, 1861. 

Havens, Harrison E.; was born in Franklin 
County, Ohio, December 15, 1837; received a common 
■echool education ; studied law in Illinois, and prac- 
ticed in that State and in Iowa; removed to Spring- 
field, Missouri in 18(i7, and became editor of the 
Springfield Patriot; returned to the practice of law in 
1873; held several unimportant civil offices, and 
served for a short time as Captain in the army; was 
elected to the Forty-second and Forty-third Con- 
gresses, serving on the Committee on Territories. 

Havens, Jonathan N.; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1777, and was for nine years a member of the 
New York Assembly from Suffolk County, and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1795 to 1799, the year 
of his death. 

Ha'wes, Albert G-.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Kentucky from 1831 to 1837, and died 
in Davis County, Kentucky, April 14, 1849. 

Ha'wes, Aylett ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1811 to 1817; was a phy- 
sician by profession, and died in Culpepper County, 
Virginia, August 31, 1833. 

Ha'wes, Richard ; was born in Caroline County, 
Virginia, February 6, 1797; removed, with his 
family to Kentucky in 1810; received a good col- 
legiate education; adopted the profession of law; was 
a member of the Kentucky Legislature in 18:)8, 1829 
and 1836, and was a Representative in Congress from 
Kentucky from 1837 to 1841. 

Hawk, Robert M. A.; was born in Flancock 
County, Indiana, April 23, 1839; was educated at the 
local schools and at Eureka College, Illinois; removed 
to Illinois; servecf three years in the Union Army, 
during the War of the Rebellion, rising to the rank 
of Major; was Clerk of the County Court of Carroll 
County, Illinois, from 1865 to 1879, by successive 
electious; was elected a Representative from Illinois 
to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses. 
Died June 29, 1832. 

' Ha"CTrkes, James ; was born in Worcester, Mas- 
sachusetts, and was a Representative in Congress 
from New York from 1811 to 1823. 

Ha'wMns, Alvin ; was a resident of Hunting- 
d(m, Tennessee, and served in the Senate of that 
State; was Governor of the State from 1881 to 1833. 

Havrkins, Benjamin; was born in Yates Coun- 
I ty, North Carolina, August 15, 1754; w.as educated at 
I'rinceton College, and was an excellent French 
scholar, which occasioned his becoming a personal 
friend of Washington, that he might act as inter- 
preter in his intercourse with the French officers 
of his army; was with him at the battle of Mon- 
mouth; in 1780 was chosen Commercial Agent by the 
Legislature of North Carolina; from 1781 to 1784, 
anil 1786 to 1787, was a Delegate in Congress; as a 
Senator of the United States, under the Constitution, 
from North Carolina, served from 1789 to 1795; liav- 
iiig been appointed, by President Wa.shington, Agent 
lor Superintending of all the Indians south of the 
oliio, retained that office until his death, having 
tendered his re.signation, without its being accepted, 
to each snic-cessivi' Presulent tiom 179(i to 1816. He 
was a man of .superior abilities and lofty character, 
and left behind him some valual)le writings on 

15 



" Topography " and " Indi.an Character." He was 
one of those who voted for locating the Seat of Gov- 
ernment on the Potomac. Died June 6, 1816. 

HaTvkins, Isaac R.; was born in Maury Coun- 
ty, Tennessee, May 16, 1818; served as a Lieutenant 
in the war with Mexico, and was present at the cap- 
ture of Vera Cruz; was a Presidential Elector in 
1856; was a Delegate to the "Peace Congress" of 
1861; was in 1862 elected a Judge, but on account of 
the war was not commissioned; from 1862 to 1865 
served as an officer in the Union Army, and had 
command of the Seventh Tennessee Cavalry; was 
captured by Confederates in JIarch, 1864, and con- 
fined in two different prisons in Macon, Georgia; was 
one of the fifty officers placed under the fire of the 
Federal guns in Charleston; in 1865, after having 
been mustered out was commissioned Chancellor for 
the Sixth Division of Tenne.ssee; in that year was 
elected a Representative in Congress from Tennessee 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, taking his seat near the 
close of the "first session, and serving on the Com- 
mittees on the Militia .and the Debts of Loyal States; 
was re-elected to the Fortieth and Forty-first Con- 
gresses, serving on the Committee on Military Affairs, 
and Chairman of that on Mileage. 

Ha-wkins, George S.; was born in New York, 
and having become a citizen of Florida, was elected 
a Representative to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth 
Congresses from that State, serving on the Commit^ 
tees on I'rivate Land Claims and on Naval Affairs; 
was also a member of the Select Committee of Thir- 
ty-three on the Rebellious States; was a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia " National Union Convention" of 
1866. 

Hawkins, Joseph; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1829 to 1851. 

Hawkins, Joseph H.; was a member of the 
Kentucky Legislature from 1810 to 1813; and Speaker 
of that body in 1812 and 1813; a Representative in 
Congress from that State in 1814 and 1815. 

Havrkins, M. T.; entered public life in 1819 as a 
member of the House of Commons of North Caro- 
lina; was a member of the State Senate from 1823 to 
1827; was a Representative in Congress from North 
Carolina from 1831 to 1841; served again in the State 
Senate in 1846; was also at one time a General of 
Militia. 

Haw^kins, Philemon ; w.as born in North Caro- 
lina, December 3, 1752: was a member of the Assem- 
bly from Bute County before he was of age, and rep- 
resented the counties of Bute and Granville for thir- 
teen years, with but two years' intermission ; Iiis liist 
term was at Fayetteville in 1789; was a member of a 
troop of cavalry at the battle of AUamance, May 16, 
1771 ; raised the first Volunteer company in Bute 
County for the War of Independence; in 1776 was 
elected ('olonel of a Regiment, and in that capacity 
performed much service; was the last surviving signer 
of the State Constitution of North Carolina; in 1776 
was a member of the Convention which ratified the 
United States Constitution; was frequently a mem- 
ber of the Executive Council. Died at Pleasant 
Hill, Warren County, North Carolina, January 28, 
1833. 

Hawkins, William ; was a native of North 
Carolina; was elected a member of the Assembly in 
1805 and was Speaker; took an active part in the 
War of isp2; was Governor of North Carolina from 
1811 to 1814. Died about that time. 



226 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Ha'wrley, Cyrus M.; was born in New York; re- 
moved to Illinois; was appointed from that State a 
Justice of tlie United States Court for the Territory 
of Utah, residing at Salt Lake City. 

Ha"wley, John B.; was born in Fairfield County, 
Connecticut, February 9, 1S31; went to Illinois with 
his parents when quite young; studied hiw, and on 
coming to the bar in 1852, settled at Rock Island; in 
1856 wa.s elected State's Attorney, serving four years; 
in 1861 entered the Volunteer Army, and as a Cap- 
tain took an active part in the battles of Forts Henry 
and Donaldson, receiving injuries in the last engage- 
ment \vhich made it necessary for him to retire from 
military duty in 1862; in 1865 was appointed, by 
President Lincoln, Postmaster of Rock Island, and 
removed the year following by President Johnson; 
iu 1868 was elected a Representative from Illinois to 
the Forty-tirst Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Public Lauds and Freedmen's Affairs; re-elected 
to the two succeeding Congresses, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Claims; was Assistant Sec- 
retary of the Treasury from December, 1877, to April, 
1880. 

'H.a.vrley, Joseph; was born in Northampton, 
Miussachusetts, in 1724; graduated at Yale College in 
1742; began public life as a preacher, but devoted 
himself to ttie law; practiced many years in Hamp- 
shire County, and became distinguished as a lawyer 
and politician, and an advocate of American liberty; 
from 1764 to 1776 held a seat in the Legislature, and 
was a member of all the important Committees of 
the time, refusing an election as member of the Coun- 
cil; in 1770 was Chairman of the Committee on Cor- 
resjjondence; in 1774 was Chairman of the Committee 
to L'onsider the State of the Country, in the Provin- 
cial Congress, and was a member of that body in 
1775; continued a member of the General Court as 
long as health would permit; was an opponent of 
Jonathan Edwards, and eft'ected his removal from 
Northampton, but afterwanls became his warm advo- 
cate, .and in 1760 wrote a remarkable letter dejiloring 
the part he had originally taken against him. Died 
in Northampton, May 10, 1788. 

Ha-wley, Joseph Bjs-well ; was born at Rtew- 
artsville, North Carolina, October 31, 1826; removed 
to Connecticut in 1837; graduated at Hamilton Col- 
lege, New York, in 1847; studied law at Cazenovia, 
New York, and Farmington, Connecticut; commenced 
practice at Hartford, Sejitember 1, 1850; became edi- 
tor of the Hartford Epening Press in 1857; enlisted in 
the Fust Regiment Connecticut Volunteers, 1861, 
and was commissioned a Captain ; served three months, 
and engaged in recruiting the Seventh Connecticut 
Volunteers, in which he was commissioned Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel; became Colonel iu 1862, Brigadier-Gen- 
eral in 1864, brevetted Major-General in 1865, and 
mustered out in 1866 ; was elected Governor of Con- 
necticut in 1866, holding the olfiee one year; returned 
to journalism as editor of the Hartford Courant; was 
President of the National Republican Convention in 
1868; was elected to the Forty-second Congress to 
succeed James L. Strong, deceased, iu 1873; re-elected 
to the Forty-third Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on tbe Centennial Exhibition ; was made 
President of the Centenni.al Commission; was elected 
a Representative from Connecticut to the Forty-sixth 
Congress; was elected United States Senator from 
Connecticut for the term of six years fiom March 4, 
1881. 

Ha-svs, J. H. Hobart; was born in New York; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1851 to 1853. 



Hay, Andre'w K.; was born in Massachusetts; 
having become a resident of New .Jersey, was elected 
a Representative in Congress from 1849 to 1851. 

Hay, George; w.ts a distinguished member of 
the Virginia Legislature; was for many years United 
States .attorney, in which capacity he was the prose- 
cutor of Aaron Burr; was subsequently Judge of the 
United States Court for the Eastern District of Vir- 
ginia; his political writings, signed " Hortensius," 
gave him .some celebrity; he wrote a treatise against 
the Usury Laws, "Life of John Thompson," and a 
treatise on Emigration in 1814. Died in Richmond, 
September, 1830. 

Hay, John B.; was born in Belleville, Illinois, 
January 8, 1834; received a common school educa- 
tion; worked on a farm, and then in a printing- 
office; adopted the profession of the law; was, for 
eight years, a District Attorney for the State; served 
in the Union Army during the Rebellion; was elected 
a Representative from Illinois to the Forty-first Con- 
gress, serving on tbe Committees on Invalid Pensions 
and the Post Office. 

Hay, Malcolm ; was bom at Philadelphia, Penn- 
sylvania, in 1842; w.is educated at the University of 
Pennsylvania; in 1859 removed to Missouri and en- 
gaged in mercantile pursuits; in 1862 began the 
study of law at Trenton, New jersey; was admitted 
to the bar there in 1865 and entered upon the practice 
of law; soon afterwards removed to Pittsburgh, 
Pennsylvania, where he continued the practice of his 
profession; became President of the Mercantile Library 
Association, of Pittsburg; was a Trustee of the Dollar 
Savings Bank; was a member of the State Constitu- 
tional Convention of 1872; was Chairman of the 
Pennsylvania Delegation to the Democratic National 
Convention in 1880; was a Delegate to the Democratic 
National Convention in 1884; in March, 1885, was 
appointed, by President Cleveland, First Assistant 
Postmaster-General; resigned in July of t^ie same 
year on account of ill-health. Died October 20, 1885. 

Hayden, Ed-ward Daniel ; was born at Cam- 
bridge, Massachusetts, December 27, 1833; was edu- 
cated at Lawrence Academy, Groton, Massachusetts, 
and at Harvard College, where he graduated in 1854; 
studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practiced 
law untU 1862, when he entered the United States 
Navy as Assistant Paymaster; Wiis a member of the 
State House of Representatives of Massachusetts in 
18S0, 1881, and 1882; settled at Woburn, Massachu- 
setts; was elected a Representative from Massachu- 
setts to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Hayden, Moses ; was born in Hampshire 
County, Massachusetts; graduated at Williams Col- 
lege in 1804; was a member of the New York State 
Senate in 1829 and 1830, and a Representative in 
Congress from New York, from 1823 to 1827. Died 
February 14, 1830, aged forty-four years. 

Hayes, Philip C. ; was bom at Granby, Connec- 
ticut, February 3, 1833; removed, with his father's 
family, to La Salle County, Illinois, the same year; 
passed his childhood and youth on a farm; grad- 
uated at Oberlin College, Ohio, in 1860; entered 
the Union Army in 1861 as a private, and served 
throughout the war, rising to the rank of Colonel, 
and Brevet Brigadier-General ; after the close of the 
war became a journalist; was a Delegate to the Na- 
tional Republican Convention in 1872; was elected a 
Representative from Illinois to the Forty-fifth Con- 
gress; re-elected to the Forty-sixth Congress. 




i:;/^ i^i^/^^f^!^ 






S(A^6^->^ 




BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



227 



Hayes, Rutherford B.; was born in Delaware, 
Ohio, October 4, 18'22; graduated at Kenyon College, 
Ohio, and at the Law School of Cambridge; adopted 
the protession of the law; was City Solicitor of Cin- 
cinnati Irom 1858 to 181)1; Major and Lieutenants 
Colonel of the Twenty-third Oliio Volunteers in 1801; 
Colonel of the same t'rom 1862 to 1864, when he was 
appointed a Brigadier-General; during the same year 
was elected a Representative from Ohio tothe.Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Committee on Private 
Land Claims, and as Chairman of the Committee on 
the Library; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress; 
resigned in the summer of 1867, and was soon after- 
wards elected Governor of Ohio; in 1868 the degree 
of LL.D. was conferred upon him by Gambler Col- 
lege; in 1ST5, after a severe contest, was again 
elected Governor of Ohio, the opposing candidate 
being William Allen, who, as Governor, had recently 
appointed him a Commissioner to the Centennial; 
w:is President of the United States from 1377 to 
1881. 

Hayes, Samuel ; was born in Virginia, and was 
a Representative in Congress from that State, from 
1841 to 1843. 

Haymond, Thomas S.; was born in Virginia, 
and was a Representative in Congress from that State, 
from 1849 to 1851. 

Haymond, W. S. ; was born in Harrison County, 
Virginia, February 20, 1823; gained his education 
mostly by his own industry, with some instruction 
at the common schools; in this way mastered the 
higher branches of mathematics; taught school for 
two years, also devoted some time to civil engineer- 
ing; studied medicine, and removed to Indiana in 
1851, and became successful in his profession; in 
1861 entered the army as a Surgeon, wliere he re- 
mained until 1863; defeated for the State Senate in 
1866; was elected President of the Indianapolis, 
Delphi and Chicago Railroad Company in 1872, 1873, 
and 1874; and was the projector of a railroad from 
Chicago to Charleston, South Carolina, and elected 
President of the company in 1873; in 1874 was 
elected a Representative from Indiana to the Forty- 
fjurth Congress. 

Hayne, Arthur P.; was born in Charleston, 
South Carolina, March 12, 1790; received a good edu- 
cation, and commenced active life in a counting- 
house; early formed an attachment for military life, 
and on entering the army, rendered good service dur- 
ing the last war with England at Sackett's Habor, as 
First Lieutenant; on the St. Lawrence as Major of 
Cavalry; in the Creek Nation as Inspector-General, 
and also at the storming of Pensacola and at New 
Orleans; after the war studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in Pennsylvania; during the Florida war 
was again called into the field, and had command of 
the Tennessee Volunteers, and after receiving three 
brevets, retired from the army in 1820; subsequently 
served in the Legislature of South Carolina, and was 
chosen a Presidential Elector in 1828, voting for 
Jackson; was appointed to a seat in the United States 
Senate from South Carolina in May, 1858, in the 
place of J. J. Evans. Died in Charleston, South 
Carolina, January 7, 1867. His brother, E. Y. 
Hayne, was also a Senator in Congress. 

Hayne, Robert Y.; was born near Charleston, 
South Carolina, November 10, 1791; his early advan- 
tages of education were limited; studied law mth 
Langdon Cheves, and w;us admitted to the bar before 
he w;\.s twenty-one years of age, attaining high rank 
as a lawyer; in the war of 1812 held the commission 



of Lieutenant; in 1814 was elected to the State Legis- 
lature, and in 1818 Speaker, and was also Attorney- 
General of the State; was elected to the United States 
Senate in 1823, and continued tliere until 1832, serv- 
ing as Chairman of the Committee on Naval Afl'airs; 
in 1832, as a member of the "Union and State Rights 
Convention" of South Carolma, reported the Ordi- 
nance of Nullification, and w;is soon afterwards 
elected Governor of the State, serving until 1834; was 
subsequently Mayor of Charleston, and Pre-sident of 
the Charleston, LouisvUle, and Cincinnati Railroad 
('ompany. Died at Ashville, Nortli Carolina, Sep- 
tember 24, 1839. His abilities were of a high order, 
and he acquired distinction by his participation in a 
debate in the Senate with Daniel Webster. 

Haynes, Charles B., was born in Brunswick, 
Virginia, and was a Representative in Congress from 
Georgia from 1825 to 1829, and again from 1835 to 
1839. 

Haynes, Martin A. ; was born at Springfield, 
New Hampshire, July 30, 1845; received a common 
school education; adopted theoccupation of a printer; 
served three years in the Union Army during the 
Civil War; in 1868 established the Luke VilUifje Times; 
was a Representative in the State Legislature 
in 1872 and 1873; Clerk of the State Supreme 
Court for Belknap County from 1876 to 1883; Presi- 
dent of the New Hampshire Veteran Association in 
.1880 and 1881 ; Department Commander of the Grand 
Army of the Republic in 1881 and 1882; was elected 
a Representative from New Hampshire to tlie Forty- 
eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty -ninth 
Congress. 

Hays, Charles ; was born in Greene County, 
Alabama, Feljruary 2, 1834; educated at the LTni- 
versity of Georgia and the University of Virginia; 
devoted himself to agricultural pursuits, and w.os one 
of the largest planters in Alabama; elected to the 
Constitutional Convention of Alabama in 1867, and 
was one of the framers of the Constitution of that 
State; was elected to the State Senate of Alabama in 
1868; and while a member was elected to the Forty- 
first Congress; was re-elected to the three succeeding 
Congresses, serving on the Committee on Naval Af- 
fairs, and Chairman of that on Agriculture. 

Hays, James B.; was born in Crawford County, 
Pennsylvania, September 10, 1840; removed, with 
his parents, to Wisconsin in 1847; attended the public 
schools, the parish school at Delafield, Wisconsin 
and the Wisconsin State University, until IsfiO; in 
1861 began the study of the law at. Horicon, Wiscon- 
sin; was admitted to the bar in 1865; was Clerk of 
Courts for Dodge County, Wisconsin, from 1863 to 
1867; was District Attorney for Dodge County for 
eight years; was an unsuccessful candidate for Secre- 
tary of State of Wisconsin in 1^77; in .luly, 1885, 
was appointed, by President Cleveland, Chief Justice 
of the Supreme Court of the Territory of Idaho. 

Hays, L. Samuel ; was born in Penn.sylvania, 
and was a Repre-sentative in Congress from that State 
from 1843 to 1845. 

Hajrt, Ezra A.; was a citizen of New York; was 
Commissioner of Indian Afiiiirs, in the Department 
of the Interior, from September, 1377, to March, 
18S0. 

Hayward, Elijah ; w:is born in Massachnsetta; 
and in 1830 was appointe<l Couimissiouer of the 
General LandOfEce in Washington, holding the posi- 
tion six years. 



228 



BIOGEAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Haywood, William H., Jr.; was born in Wake 
County, North Carolina, in 1801; graduated at the 
University of North Carolina in 1819; studied law; 
entered public lil'e as a member of the House of Com- 
mons in 1834, continuing there three years; in 1836 
was Speaker of tlie House; and was a Senator in Con- 
gress from 1843 to 1846. 

Hazard, Ebenezer ; was born in Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania, in 174,5; graduated at the New Jersey 
College in 1762; was the last Postmaster-General 
under the old Government, having served as such 
from 1782 to 1789: was the author of two volumes of 
Historical Collections, and also of a Report on the 
Western Indians. Died in Philadeljjhia, June 13, 
1817. 

Hazard, Jonathan; was a Delegate from Rhode 
Island to the Continental Congress in 1787 and 1788. 

Hazard, Nathaniel; was born in Newport, 
Rhode Island; graduated at Brown University in 
1792: was elected a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1819 to 1821. Died December 18, 
1820, in Washington City. 

Hazeltine, Abner ; was a member of the New 
York Assembly in 1829 and 183U; w;\s a Represent- 
ative in Congress from that State from 1833 to 1837. 

Hazeltine, Ira S.; was born at Andover, Ver- 
mont, July 13, 1821; received a common school and' 
academic education; taught school in Wisconsin for 
tlu-ee years; studied law; engaged in variotis enter- 
prises tor de^■elolling the resources of that State; was 
commissioned a Colonel of State troops in 18.52; was 
elected a Representative in the .State Legislature in 
1867; in 187(J removed to Jlissouri and engaged in 
a;;ricultural pursuits; was elected a Representative 
from .Missouri to the Forty-seventh Congress. 

Hazelton, Gsorge C; was born in Chester, 
New Hampshire, .January 3, 1833; graduated at 
Union College, New York, in 1858; studied law and 
was admitted to the bar; settled in Boscobel, Wis- 
consin, in 1863; was elected District Attorney in 
18()4 and re-elected in 1866; was elected State Sena- 
tor in 1807, and chosen President j^co tern, of the Sen- 
ate; re-elected in 1869; was elected a Representative 
from Wisconsin to the Forty-fifth, Forty-si.xth, and 
Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Hazelton, Gerry W.; was born in Chester, 
New llamijshire, February 24, 1829; was educated at 
the Pinkerton Academy, New Hampshiie, and was a 
private tutor there; studied law in New York; re- 
moved to Wisconsin in 18.56; was elected to the State 
Senate in 1860, and twice chosen President pro tern.; 
elected District Attorney in Columbia County; was 
appointed Collector of Internal Revenue in 1866, and 
removed; was appointed United States Attorney for 
the District of Wisconsin in 1869; was elected to the 
Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses, serving on 
the Committees on War Claims, Elections, and the 
Navy Department. 

Hazelton, John "W.; was born at Mullica Hill, 
New .lersey, December 10, 1819; attended the high 
.school at Burlington; was a practical farmer; was a 
Delegate to the National Republican Contention at 
Chicago in 1868; was a Presidential Elector in that 
year; \vas elected a Representative from New Jersey 
to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Agriculture. 

Hazen, Abraham D.; was born at Centreville, 
Nmthauipton County, Pennsylvania, Fehiuary 24, 
1841; was prepared for college by a ijrivate tutor; 



graduated from Lafayette College, at Easton, Penn- 
sylvania, in 1863; in August, 1866, was appointed a 
first-class clerk in the Post Office Department, at 
Washington City; was successively promoted to a 
clerkship of the second cla.ss in March, 1808; of the 
third class in July, 1869, and of the fourth class, 
with an assignment as Acting Chief of the Stamp 
Division, in May, 1870; in April, 1872, was appoint- 
ed, by President Grant, a member of the Civil Ser- 
vice Examining Board of the I'ost Office Depart- 
ment; in July, 1874, was appointed Chief of the 
Stamp Division of the Post Office Department, being 
the first person to hold that office; in July, 1877, was 
appointed, by President Hayes, Third Assistant 
Postmaster-General; studied law while serving in the 
Department, and in June, 1877, grailuated from the 
Law Department of the Columbian University, at 
Washington City; in July, 1877, was admitted to the 
bar of tlie Supreme Court of the District of Columbia, 
but never practiced law; in 1884, without resigning his 
post in the Post Office Department, was a member of 
tlie Government Board of the New Orleans Exposi- 
tion, by appointment of President Arthur. 

Hazzard, David; was Governor of Delaware 
from 1830 to 1833. 

Head, Natt ; was born at Hooksett, New Hamp- 
shire, May 20, 1828; received a common school and 
partial academic education; at an early age engaged 
in the manufacture of bricks and in the lumber busi- 
ness, in which he became very successful; was a 
Director in several banks and railroads; was a Repre- 
sentative in the State Legislature in 1861 and 1862; 
was Adjutant-General, Inspector-General, and Quar- 
termaster-General of the State from 18ti3 to 1870, 
rendering most efficient service; was defeated for the 
State Senate in 1875; was State Senator in 1876 and 
1877, and was President of the Senate in the latter 
year; was Governor of New Hampshire from 1878 
to 1880. Died at Hooksett, November 12, 1883. 

Healy, Joseph ; was born in Cheshire, New 
Hampshire; was a Representative in Congress from 
New Hamiishire from 1825 to 1829, and was a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Revolutionary Claims; was 
also a State Counselor from 1829 to 1832, and State 
Senator in 1824. Died at Washington, New Hamp- 
shhe, October 10, 1861, aged eighty-five years. 

Heard, John T. ; was born at Georgetown, Pettis 
County, Missouri; was educated at the common 
schools of Pettis County and at the State University 
at Columbia, Missouri, graduating from the Univers- 
ity in 1800; read law; was admitted to the bar, and 
entered upon the practice of lawat Sedalia, Missouri; 
was elected to the State Legislature of Missouri in 
1872; in 1861 wa,s elected, without opposition, a State 
Senator, and served four years; in 1881 was em- 
ployed by tlie Fund Commissioners of the State to 
prosecute and adjust all claims of the State against 
the General Government; resigned that position on 
being elected a Representative from Missouri to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Hearst, G-eorge ; was born in Franklin County, 
Mi-ssouri, September 3, 1820; received a public school 
education; pa.ssed his early manhood on his tiither'.s 
farm; in 1850 went to California, where he worked 
in the mines and located and purchased mining prop- i 
erty; engaged in mining, stock-raising and farming; I 
in 1865 was elected a Representative in the Califor- ) 
nia State Legislature; in 1885 the Democrats, who 
were in the minoritj' in the Stat* Legislature, gave 
him their unanimous vote for United States Senator; 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



229 



on March 2o, 1886, was appointed, by the Governor, 
United States Senator to fill the vacancy caused l>v 
the death of John F. Miller. 

Heath, James E.; was born in Virginia, in l^.^O 
"•as appointed Commissioner of Pensions, holding 
the office until 1853. 

Heath, James P.; was born in Delaware, De- 
• eniljcr 21, HTT; in 179!) was appointed a Lieutenant 
in tlie Regiment of Artillori.sts and Engineers, which 
lie resigned in 18()'2; was Kegister in Chancery ut 
Annapolis at the commencement of the War of 181'i; 
served through the whole war as Aid-de-camp to 
General Winder; in 18iJ8 was wrecked on the steamer 
Pulasin', and spent live days and nights afloat upon a 
piece of the wreck; when nineteen years of age 
fought a duel witii .John Kniglit, and received a 
wound, from whicli the ball was never extracted; 
was a Representative in Congre.ss from Maryland 
from 1833 to 1835, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Commerce. Died in Georgetown, District 
of Columbia, June 12, 1854. 

Heath, John; was a Representative in Congress 
from Virginia from 1793 to 1797. 

Heath, Upton S.; was a native of Maryland; 
receive ! a liberal education; several of his kinsmen 
were prominent in public life, and he himself held 
various local offices connected with the profession of 
the law; was for many years United States Judge for 
the District of Maryland. 

Heaton, David; was born in Butler County, 
Ohio, March 10, 1823; rec'eived an academic educa- 
tion; read law, and was admitted to the bar; in 1855 
was elected to the Ohio Senate; in 1857 removed to 
Minnesota; was elected to the Senate of that S'ate; 
was twice re-elected; in 18C3 removed to Newbern, 
North Carolina, where he held a position under the 
Treasury Department; in 1867 was elected a Dele- 
gate to the State Constitutional Convention; in 1868 
was elected a Representative from North Carolina to 
the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
the Census; re-elected to the Forty-iirst Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Elections, and as Chair- 
man of that on Coinage, Weights, and Measures. 
Died in Wiushington, June 25, 1870. His last words 
were — "God bless the colored peojile. " 

Hebard, "William; was born in Connecticut; 
settled in Vermont; was elected a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1849 to 1853, was 
Judge of the Supreme Court from 1842 to 1845; 
Judge of Probate for seven years; served seven years 
in the two Houses of the Legislature; was two years 
Attorney for Orange County. 

Heflin, Robert S.; was born in Madi.son, 
Georgia, April 15, 1815; received a good education; 
served in the Creek War in 1836; was elected Clerk 
of the Superior Court of Fayette County in 1836, and 
re-elected in 1838; studied law, and came to the bar 
in 1840; was a member of the State Senate in 1840 
and 1841; removed to Randolph County, Georgia, in 
1844; was a member of the Legislature in 1849, and 
1860; was a Union man during the war of the Re- 
bellion, and in 1864, was compelled to leave his home 
to save his life, passing through the lines to the 
Union Army at Rome, Georgia, accompanying Gen- 
eral Sherman's command to Savannah ; was appointed 
Judge of Probate in 1865, and subsequently elected 
to that office, which he held until the State was ad- 
mitted into the Union; was a Republican Elector; 
.was elected to the Forty-first Congress, serving on 
several Committees. 



Heilman, ViT'illiam; was born at Alliig, Rhein- 
Hcssen, (Icrmany. October 11. 1824; caniT- to the 
United States in 1843 and sctllcdat E\ansville, Indi- 
ana; became President of a large cotton mill, and 
owner of otlier manufacturing cstablisliments there; 
.served six years in the City Council; was a Repre- 
sentative in the State Legislature in 1870; was a 
State Senator in 1876; also a Delegate to tlie Jv'e])iilj- 
lican National Convention of that year; resigiKnl his 
.seat in the State Senate in I879, having been elected 
a Represeut.-ilive from Indiana to the Forlv-sixth 
Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-seventh Con- 
gress. 

Heister, Daniel; was born in Berks County, 
Pennsylvania, in 1747; received a good English edu- 
cation; became a thorough business man; settled in 
Montgomery County, where he was active during the 
KevoUition, being Colonel, and afterwards Brigadier- 
General of the .Militia, and in .service; in 1784 was 
elected to the Supreme Executive Council of Penn- 
sylvania; in 1787 was appointed a Commissioner of 
the Connecticut Land Claims; was a member of the 
First, Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses, from 
Penn.sylvania; alter this removed to Hagerstown, 
Maryland; was elected from that State a member of 
the Seventh and Eighth Congresses. Died at Wash- 
ington, March 8, 1804. He" was one of those who 
\oted for locating the Seat of Government on the 
Potomac. 

Heister, Daniel; son of John Heister; suc- 
ceeded his father in Congress; was a member of the 
Eleventh Congress. 

Heister, John; brother of Colonel Daniel 
Heister; was born April 9, 1746; was a member of 
the Tenth Congress, from Pennsylvania. Died Oc- 
tober 15, 1821. 

Heister, Joseph ; was born in Bern Township, 
Berks County, November 18, 1752; was brought up 
to conduct a farm and a store; inheriting a good 
fortune, at the outbreak of the Revolution, equipped 
a company himself, with which he joined the army; 
became a Colonel; was a prisoner in the Jersey 
prison-ship, where he exercised a liberal generosity 
in alleviating the sufferings of his fellow-prisoners; 
was a member of the Convention which framed the 
Constitution of 1776; served five years in the House 
and four in the Senate of Pennsylvania, and as a 
member of the State Constitutional Convention of 
1790; was a member from Pennsylvania of the Fifth, 
Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Congresses; in 
1807 was appointed one of the two Major-Generals to 
command the Pennsylvania contingent, called for by 
the President. After this he retired from ]>ublic life, 
but in 1814 his old constituency of Berks again 
elected him to the Fourteenth Congress, and re- 
elected him to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Con- 
gresses; in 1817 run for Governor unsuccessfully, but 
three years afterwards was elected, and served in 
that office until 1823, with great credit for a wiseand 
honest administration of public affairs. Declining 
all .solicitations to the contrary, he now finally r^ 
tired from office, and spent the serene evening of an 
honorable life in the midst of the people who loved 
him. Died at Heading, June 10, 1832. 

Heister, "William ; nephew of .John and of Col- 
onel Daniel Heister; was born in Bern Township, 
Berks County; establi-shed him.self in Lancjiste'r 
Connt.\', where he cultivatc<l a farm, and by his in- 
dustry, honesty, and good sense, recommended him- 
self to the po])ular regard; was a member of the 
Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses, of the 



230 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Convention of 1837 to revise the Constitution of 
Pennsylvania, and of the State Senate. Died Octo- 
ber 15, 1853, aged sixty-two years. 

Helm, John Larue ; wa.sborn in Hardin County, 
Kentucky, July 4, 1802; when a lad was employed 
in the office of the Circuit Clerk; studied law; was 
admitted to the bar; was made County Attorney; 
in 1826 was elected to the House of Representatives 
of the State, and was a member of that body eleven 
years; was elected State Senator from 1844 to 1848, 
and from 186.5 to 1869; resigned in 1867 to run for 
Governor; presided in the Legislature seven years; 
was elected Lieutenant-Governor in 1848; and was 
Governor from 1850 to 1852; in 1854 was made Pres- 
ident of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad; m 
1867 ill-health prevented his being inaugurated at 
Frankfort, and the ceremony was performed at his 
residence in Elizabethtown, September 3, where he 
died September 8, 1867. 

Helmick, "William; was born in Jefferson 
County, Ohio, September 6, 1817; received a com- 
mon school education, and taught school for seven 
years; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1845; in 1851 was elected a Prosecuting Attorney; 
in 1858 was elected a Representative from Ohio to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads; sub- 
sequently accepted a Chief Clerkship in the Interior 
Department. 

Helras, "William ; was an oflBcer in the Revolu- 
tionary Army; was a Representative in Congress 
from New Jersey, from ISUl to 1811; removing to 
Tennessee, died there at an advanced age. 

Hemphill, John; was a Senator in Congress 
from Texas, from 1850 until that State seceded, when 
he became identihed with the great Rebellion; ex- 
pelled from the Senate July 10, 1861. 

Hemphill, John J.; was born at Chester, South 
Carolina, August 25, 1849; received his early educa- 
tion at the schools of Chester, and graduated from 
the South Carolina University in ISUU; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1870; commenced 
practice at Chester in 1871; was an unsuccessful 
Candidate lor tlie State Assembly in 1874; in 1876 
was elected a Repieseutative in the State Legisla- 
ture, and was re-elected in 1878 and 1880; was 
elected a Representative from South Carolina to the 
Forty -eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Hemphill, Joseph ; was born in Delaware Coun- 
ty, Pennsylvatiia: w;is a leading member of the ohi 
Federal party; was a Representative in Congress from 
Pennsylvania from 1801 to 1803, again from 1819 to 
1827, and from 1829 to 1831; distinguished himself 
particularly by a speech on the Judiciary Bill in 
1801; was ibr some time Judge of the District Court 
of Philadelphia. Died in Philadelphia, May 29, 
1842, aged seventy-two years. 

Hempstead, Ed'ward ; was born in New Lon- 
don, Connecticut, June 3, 1780; received a classical 
education from private tutors, and having studied 
law, was admitted to the bar in 1801; alter spend- 
ing three years in Rhode Island practicing his pro- 
fession, removed, in 1804, to the Territory of Louis- 
iana, traveling on horseback, and tarrying for a time 
at Vincennes, Indiana Territory; first settled at St. 
Charles, on the Missouri River, but in 1805 removed 
to St. Louis, where be afterwards resided; in 1806 
was appointed Deputy Attorney-General for the Dis- 



trict of St. Louis and St. Charles, and in 1809 Attor- 
ney-General for the Territory of Upper Louisiana, 
which office he held until 1811; was the first Dele- 
gate to Congress from the western side of the Missis- 
sippi River, representing Missouri Territory from' 
1811 to 1814; after his service in Congress, wentuponi 
several expeditions ag.ainst the Indians; was elected! 
to the Territorial Assembly, and chosen Speaker; died 
August 10, 1817. He was a man of ability, pure and 
without reproach, and his loss was deeply lamented 
by all who knew him. 

Hempstead, Stephen ; was Governor of Iowa 
from 1850 to 1854. Died February 16, 1883. 

Hemsley, "William ; was a Delegate from Mary- 
land to the Continental Congress from 1782 to 1784. 

Hendee, George "Whitman; waa born in 

Stow, Vermont, November 30, 1832 ; received an 
academic education; studied law and was admitted 
to the bar; was Prosecuting attorney in 1858; a mem- 
ber of the State House of Representatives in 18(!1 
and 1862; of the State Senate in 1866, 1867, and 
1868, and President pro tern, the last year; was Lieu- 
tenant-Governor of Vermont in 1869; was Governor 
in 1870; was elected to the Forty-third and Forty- 
fourth Congresses, serving in the former on the Com- 
mittee on the District of Columbia; re-elected to the 
Forty-fifth Congress. 

Henderson, Archibald ; was born in Granville 
County, North Carolina, August 7, 1768; was edu- 
cated in his native county; studied law, and rose to 
a high position at the bar of his State ; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from North Carolina from 1799 
to 1803 ; was subsequently elected to the General As- 
sembly for several terms. Died October 21, 1822. 

Henderson, Bennett H.; -was a Representative 
in Congress from Tennessee from 1815 to 1817. 

Henderson, David B.; was born at Old Deer, 
Aberdeenshire, Scotland, March 14, 1840; emigrated, 
with his parents, to the United States in 1846, lo- 
cating in Illinois; settled permanently in Iowa in 
1849; was educated in the common schools and at the 
Upper Iowa University; entered the Union Army . 
a private in 1861 and served with distinction, rising 
to the rank of Colonel; was several times wonnded, 
losing a leg at the battle of Corinth; was, for a time. 
Commissioner of Enrollment for the Third District 
of Iowa; was Collector of Internal Revenue from 1865 
to 1869, when he resigned to engage in the practice 
of law, having been admitted to the bar in 1865; Iqj 
1869 and 1870 was Assistant United States District 
Attorney; was Chairman of the Iowa delegation in 
the Republican National Convention of 1880; was 
Secretary of the Republican Congressional Commit- 
tee in 1882; was elected a Representative from Iowa 
to the Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Henderson, John ; was a lawyer by profession;, 
a General of Militia in Mississippi; a Senator in Con-' 
gress from Mississippi from 18:?9 to 1845; during the 
latter part of his life practiced his profession iat 
Louisiana; after his service in Congress, was engaged, 
in an unlawful expedition against Cuba, for which' 
he was tried, but acquitted by a New Orleans jury. 
Died at Pass Christian, in 1857, aged sixty-two 
years. 

Henderson, John B.; was born in Virginia, 
November 16, 1826: in 1836 removed, with his par- 
ents, to Missouri; spent a part of his boyhood on » 
farm; while obtaining an academic educ\tion, taught 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



231 



school for his support; studied law, and came t j the 
bar in 1848; was soon afterwards elected to the State 
Legislature, re-elected in 1856, and in the same year 
chosen a Presidential Elector; also in ISfiO; was a 
Delegate to the Charleston Convention in 18G0; com- 
manded for a time a Brigade of Militia; on the ex- 
pulsion of Trusteu Polk from the United States 
Senate, was appointed to fill the vacancy, and in 
1863 was elected for the full term ending in 1869, 
serving on the Committees on the Post Office and 
Post Koads: and those on the District of Columbia, 
Finance, Kxjionsesof the Senate, Foreign Kelations, 
and Claims, and as Chairman of the Committee on 
Indian Aflhirs; was also a Commissioner to treat with 
the hostile tribes of Indians in 1867; in 1875 was ap- 
pointed to assist the District Attorney at St. Louis to 
prosecute certain men who had conspired to defraud 
the Government, when he reflected on tlie President 



Henderson, John H. D.; was born in Salem, 
Livingston County, Kentucky, July 23, 1810; re- 
ceived a good English education; commenced active 
life by adopting the trade of a printer; was subse- 
quently a preacher of the Gospel, and for several 
years was devoted to agricultural pursuits; in 1864 
was elected a Eepresentative from Oregon to the 
Thirty -ninth Congress, serving on the Committees on 
the Pacific Kailroad, Mines and Mining, Indian Af- 
fairs, and the Special Committee on the Death of 
President Lincoln. 

Henderson, John S.; was born in Salisbury, 
Kowan county. North Carolina, January 6, 1846, and 
always resided there; was prepared for College at a 
private institute, and entered the University of 
North Carolina in January, 1862; pursued his studies 
there until 1864, when he entered the Confederate 
Army, and served as a private until the close of the 
Civil "War; studied law, and was admitted to tlie 
bar in 1866; engaged in the practice of law at Salis- 
bury; was Register of Deeds for Rowan County from 
1866 to 1868, when he resigned; in 1871 was elected 
a Delegate to the State Constitutional Convention, 
and again in 1875; in 1876 was elected a Representa- 
tive in the State Legislature; in 1877 was elected, by 
the General Assembly, a Trustee of the University 
of North Carolina, and held the office for eight years; 
■was a Director in the Western North Carolina Rail- 
road Company from 1877 to 1880; in 1879 was 
elected a State Senator; in 1880 was a Delegate to 
the Democratic National Convention; in 1883 was 
appointed a Director of the Western Insane Asylum 
of the State, and held the position until 1884; in the 
latter year was elected a Representative from North 
Carolina to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Henderson, Joseph ; was born in Pennsylvania ; 
was a Representative in Congress fiom that State, 
from 1833 to 1837. 

Henderson, J. Pinckney ; was bom in Lincoln 
County, North Carolina, March 31, 1808; received a 
liberal education, but did not graduate; adopted the 
law as a profession, first visiting Cuba for his health, 
and settling in Mississippi; emigrated to Texas in 
1836; his firstcivil office was that of Attorney-General 
of the Republic of Texas, having been appointed by 
President Houston in 1836; in 1837 was appointed 
Secretary of State of the Republic; soon afterwards 
Minister Plenipotentiary to England and France, 
clothed with the additional powers of Commissioner 
to solicit the recognition of the independence of 
Texas; in 1838 made a commercial arrangement with 
England, and, in 1839, a commercial treaty witii 
France; in 18S4 was appointed a Special Minister to 



the United States, which mission resulted in the an- 
nexation of Texas; in 1845 was a member of the t;on- 
vention which framed the Constitution of the Slate 
of Texas; in November of the .same year was eleclcd 
Grovernor of that State; wlieu the Mexican war broke 
out in 1846, as Governor of tlie State, and by per- 
mission of the Legislature, he took command in per- 
son of the volunteer troops called for by General 
Taylor, served six months as Major-General, and 
distinguished himself at the battle of Monterey, sub- 
sequently receiving from Congress, for his services, 
a vote of thanks and a sword valued at fitteen hun- 
dred dollars; in 18.57 was elected a Senator in Con- 
gress from Texas, but, owing to ill-health, did not 
take an active part in its proceedings. Died in 
Washington City, June 4, 1858, deejily lamented by 
all who knew him. 

Henderson, Samuel; was a Repre.sent;i1ive in 
Congress from Pennsylvania from 1814 to 1815, for 
the unexpired term of Jonathan Roberts. 

Henderson, Thomas ; was a graduate of Prince- 
ton College in 1761; was Judge of the Court of Com- 
mon Pleas; a Delegate to the Continental Coiigiess 
from 1779 to 1780; was a Eepresentative from New 
Jersey in Congress, under the Constitution, from 
1795 to 1797; was once Lieutenant-Governor of that 
State. 

Henderson, Thomas J.; wa.s bom in Brown.s- 
ville, Haywood County, Tennes.see, November 29, 
1824; in 1836 removed, with his father, to Illinois; 
received an academic education, and spent one year 
at the University of Iowa; adopted the profession, of 
the law; from 1847 to 1849 was a Clerk for County 
Commission.s; served four years as the Clerk of tiie 
County; was a Master in Chancery; in 1854 was 
elected to the State Legislature; in 1856 was chosen 
a Senator, serving four years; raised a regiment of 
volunteers in 1862, of which he became Colonc;!; 
served until the close of the war, and for a consider- 
able time had command of a brigade; in 1864 was 
severely wounded at Resaca; was brevetted a Briga- 
dier-General, in 1865, for services in Georgia and 
Tennessee; was a Presidential Elector in 1868; in 
1871 was appointed a Collector of Internal Revenue, 
liolding the office two years; in 1874 was elected a 
Representative from Illinois to the Forty-lburth Con- 
gress; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, 
Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Con- 
gresses. 

Henderson, 'William P.; was a lawyer by pro- 
fession; in April, 1885, was appointed, by President 
Cleveland, an Associate Justice of the Supreme 
Court of the Territory of New Mexico for the term of 
four years; resided at Santa Fe. 

Hendricks, Thomas A.; was born in Muskin- 
gum County, Ohio, September 7, 1819; was edi".;.''-^d 
at South Hanover College; studied law, and com- 
pleted his legal studies at Cliambersburg, Pennsyl- 
v.ania, in 1813; settled in Indiana, and practiced iiis 
prol'essioi. with success, in 1848 was chosen to the 
State Legislature; declined a re-election; was an 
active member of the Indiana "Constitutional Con- 
vention " of 1850; \vas a Representative in Congress 
from Indiana from 1851 to 18,55; was .appointed, by 
President Pierce, in 1855, Commi.ssiouer of the Gen- 
eral Land Office, in which lie was continued by 
President Buciianan until 1859, when he resigned"; 
was subsequently elected a Senator in Congress for 
the term commencing in 1863 and ending in 1869, 
serving on the C(mimittees on Claims, Public Build- 
ings and Grounds, the .Uuiiciaiy, Public Lauds and 



232 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Naval Affairs; in 1879 received a majority of the 
Democratic votes for tiie office of President of the 
United States; in 1S7G was an unsuccessful candidate 
for Vice-President of the United States; in 1884 was 
elected Vice-President of the United States. Died 
November 24, 1885. 

Hendricks, "William ; was bom in Westmore- 
land (bounty, Pennsylvania, in 178.3; was one of the 
early settlers of Madison, Indiana, havinj; removed 
there in 1814; during his residence in tliat State filled 
many hish and importantoffices; was Secretary of the 
Convention wliich formed the present Constitution of 
the State; was the first and sole Representative of 
Indiana in Congress from 181G to 1822; was Governor 
of the State from 1822 to 1825, when he was elected a 
memberof the United States Senate, and served until 
1837; was Chairman of the Committee on Roads and 
Canals. Died in JIadison, Hay 16, 185U. 

Henkle, Eli Jones; was born in Baltimore 
County, Maryland, November 24, 1828; received an 
academic education; taught school three years; 
stndied medicine, and graduated at the University of 
Maryland in 1850; devoted himself to his prolession 
and to agricultural pursuits; was elected .a member of 
the House of Delegates of Maryland in 1853; was a 
member of the State Constitutional Convention in 
1864; was a member of the State Senate in 1867, 1868, 
and 1870; re-elected to the House of Delegates in 
1871 and 1873; in 1872 was Delegate to the National 
Democratic Convention; was one year Professor of 
Anatomy, Physiology, and Natural History in the 
Maryland Agricultural College, wliich position he 
resigned in 1874; was elected a Representative from 
Maryland to the Forty-fourth Congress; re-elected to 
the Forty-fifth and Forty -sixth Congresses. 

Henley, Barclay ; was born in Clark County, 
Indiana, Marcli 17, 1842; at the age of ten years re- 
moved, with his parents, to California; returned to 
Indiana, and was educated at Kanovcr College, in 
that State; stndied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1864; returned to California and settled at Santa 
Rosa; was District Attorney of Sonoma County for 
four years; was elected a Representative in the State 
Legislature in 1869; was a candidate for Presidential 
Elector in 1876 and was defeated; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1880; was elected a Representative i'rom 
California to tlie Forty-eighth Congress ; was re-elected 
to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Henley, Thomas J.; was born in Indiana in 
1810; was educated at the Indiana State College; pur- 
sued the occupation of a farmer; was a memberof the 
State Legislature from 1832 to 1842; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Indiana from 1843 to 
1849, having been the first native of that State elected 
to that office; in 1849 emigrated to California; wa.s a 
member of the first Legislature of that State; was for 
seven years Superintendent of Indian Affairs for 
Calilbrnia; was subsequently appointed Postmaster 
of .'^an Francisco. 

Henn, Bernhart ; was born in New York; emi- 
grated to Iowa; was a Representative in Congress 
from that State from 1849 to 1853. 

Hennegan, B. K.; was .Acting Governor of South 
Carolina in 1840. 

Henry, Daniel M. ; was born in Dorchester 
County, Maryland, February 19, 1823; was educated 
at Cambridge Academy and at St. John's College, 
Annapolis; studied law; w.as admitted to tlie bar in 
1844, and commenced practice; was elected a Repre- 



sentative in the Legislature in 1846, and again in 
1849; was a State Senator in 1869; was elected a 
Representative from Maryland to the Forty-fifth Con- 
gress; re-elected to the Forty -sixth Congress. 

Henry, James ; was a Delegate from Virginia to 
tlie Continental Congress, from 1780 to 1781; was a 
lawyer and a Judge. Died in Virginia in January, 
1805. 

Henry, John; was a graduate of Princeton Col- 
lege in 1769; was for several years, from 1778, a Del- 
egate to the Old Congress ; was a Senator in Congress, 
under the Constitution, from Maryland, from 1789 to 
1797, when he resigned; was elected Governor of 
Maryland in the latter year; was one of those Avho 
voted tor locating the Seat of Government on the Po- 
tomac. Died at Easton, December, 1798. 

Henry, John F. ; was born in Scott County, Ken- 
tucky, January 17, 1793; received a large part of his 
education at the Georgetown Academy of Kentucky; 
studied medicine, and in 1813 was appointed Sur- 
geon's Mate in Boswell's Regiment of Kentucky 
troops, serving at Fort Meigs; graduated from the 
New York University; settled in Hopkinsville, Ken- 
tucky, in 1822; was the brotlier of Robert P. Henry; 
was elected to Congress from Kentucky, for the unex- 
pired term of the same, from 182() to 1827; subse- 
quently removed to Burlington, Iowa. 

Henry, Joseph ; was born at Albany, New York, 
December 17, 1797; received a common school educa- 
tion in Saratoga County; as an apprentice, pursued, 
for a short time, the occupation of a watch-raakerj 
was attached to a surveying party, to mark out » 
State road from the Hudson River to Lake Erie; in 
1326 entered the Albany Academy as Professor of 
Mathematics, and soon after began a series of experi- 
ments in electricity; made various discoveries in 
electro-magnetism, which were described in Silliman's 
Journal as early as 1831; in 1832 was called to the 
chair of Natural Philosophy in Princeton College; in 
1835 was offered a Professorship in the University of 
Virginia, but declined; in 1837 visited Europe, where 
he remained one year, and his discoveries connected 
with the electro-magnet were recognized, and result- 
ed in establishing the wonders of what is now called 
the telegraph; in 1846 resigned his honorable posi- 
tion at Princeton, and became the .Secretary or Direc- 
tor of the Smithsonian Institution ; his scientific 
writings, including his elaborate Smithsonian con- 
tributions, reports, scientific investigations, and dis- 
coveries, and numbering more than fifty, have given 
him a world-wide reputation; the great in.stitution 
irnder his charge was entirely organized, and has ever 
been conducted according to his individual opinions, 
sustained by a Board of Regents; made a second visit 
to Europe for his health, and received all the atten- 
tion from the scientific world which was so eminently 
liis due; without extra compensation, he served the 
General Government in manifold departments, but 
chiefly as the Executive head of the Light House 
Board, of which he was a member for more than 
twenty years; as the head of several scientific socie- 
ties, his influence was universally recognized and ap- 
preciated; long betbre he became identified with the 
Smithsonian Institution, lie published many valua- 
ble papers ou electricity and magnetism in the 
".Vmerican Philosophical Transactions," Silliman's 
Journal of Science, and tlie Journal of llic American, 
Institute; the two principal learned societies over 
which he was called to preside as President, were 
the National Academy of Sciences, and the American. 
Association for the Advancement of Education. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



233 



Henry, Patrick; was born in Studley, Hanover 
County, Virginia, May 29, 17:!(i; his erlucation was 
Ec-r;lected until ho had reached tlie age of manhood, 
and was a luisbaud and lather; then it was that he 
began to study law, and was soon admitted to prac- 
tice; in 17(i) made his lii-st sliikin;; elTort as an ad- 
vocate and an orator, and from that year became 
famous; was the first man of mark in Virginia to 
declare against the usurpations of Great Britain; in 
176") was chosen to the A'irginia ^.ssmnldy, and there 
introduced a set of remarkable resolutions, support- 
ing tliem with a speech of surpassing ability; from 
that time be was hailed as the great advocate of 
human rights and rational liberty; was elected a 
Delegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress, 
from 1774 to 177(j; there distinguished himself as an 
orator; signed the Declaration of Independence; was 
a Delegate to the "Richmond Convention" of 1777, 
and again electrified the people by his eloquence; in 
1776 was elected Governor of Virginia, re-elected, 
and then declined a re-election; from 17.'?0 to 1791 
served in the Assembly of the Slate; in 1788 was a 
member of the Convention to ratify the Federal Con- 
stitution, to which he was opposed; in 1795 Wash- 
ington tendered to him the office of Secretary of 
State, but he preferred the retirement of home, and 
declined it; was again elected Governor in 179G, but 
declined to serve; in 1799 President Adams tendered 
him the mission to France, but his declining health 
compelled him to decline that honor also, and on 
June 6, of that year, he died; evidence of his splendid 
intellect are abundant and "familiar as household 
words," and a tribute that he paid to the Christian 
religion in his will is, lor beauty and force, without 
a parallel in the English language. 

Henry, Robert P.; was born in Scott County, 
Kentucky, November 24, 1788; graduated at the 
Universitj' of Transylvania; studied law with Henry 
Clay, and was admitted to the bar in 1809; served 
that year as Prosecuting Attorney for his District; 
served in the war of 1812, as an Aide-de-camp to his 
father, Major-General 'William Henry; subsequently 
settled in Christian County, and became Prosecuting 
Attorney for that Circuit; was a Director of the 
Princeton Branch of tlie Commonwealth Bank; was 
a Representative in Congress from Kentucky, from 
1823 to 1827; as a member of the Committee on 
Roads and Canals, he obtained the first appropria- 
tion ever granted for improving the Mississippi 
River; while in Congress received the appointment 
of Judge of the Court of Appeals, which lie declined. 
Died of fever, August 25, 1826, before the expiration 
of his term in Congress. 

Henry, Thomas; was born in Ireland in 1785; 
served liis adopted State, Pennsylvania, in Congress 
from 1837 to 1843. Died in Beaver County, Penn- 
sylvania, February 27, 1849. 

Henry, William; was a Delegate from Penn- 
sylvania to the Continental Congress, from 1784 to 
to 1786. 

Henry, ■William ; was born in New Hampshire; 

settled in Vermont; devoted himself to mercantile 
pursuits; was for many years Cashier of the Bank of 
Bellows Falls, where he resided : was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Vermont, from 1847 to 
1853, accomplishing much work iis a member of sev- 
eral Committees. 

Henshaw, David ; was born in Leicester, Mas- 
sachusetts, .\pril 2, 1791; his father was a patriot of 
the Revolution; received a common .school education; I 
while yet a young man engaged in the drug business, 



but devoted much of his attention to writing on poli- 
tics; was lor nine years Collector of Customs for the 
port of Boston; in 1843 was appointed, by President 
Tyler, Secretary of the Navy, and alter holding the 
olBce for Dearly a year, was rejected by the Senate; 
took an important part in the earlier railroad opera- 
tions of his State, and was one of the proieclcirs of 
the Boston and Worcester and ProNidence Railroads. 
Died in Leicester, November 11, 1852. 

Henson, Abraham; was a citizen of Wisconsin; 
in 1863 w.is appointed a Commissioner and Consul- 
General to Liberia. Died at his po.st of duty, .July 
20, 1866. 

Hepbtirn, "William Peters ; was born in Co- 
lumbiana County, (Jliio, November 4, 1833; removed 
to Iowa in 1840; received a common .school educa- 
tion; adopted the profession of the law; was elected 
Prosecuting Attorney of Marshall County in 1856; 
Chief Clerk of the State House of Re])resentatives in 
1858; District Attorney of the Eleventh Judicial 
District of the State in the same year; entered the 
Union Army, in 1861, as Captain, ancl rose to the 
rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, serving much of the 
time on staff duty; commanded a cavalry brigade in 
1864; was a Presidential Elector in 1876; was elected 
a Representative from Iowa to the P^orty-seventh and 
Forty-eighth Congresses; was re-elected to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Herbert, Hilary A. ; was born at Lanrensville, 
South Carolina, March 12, 1834; in 1846 removed to 
Greenville, Alaliama; received a collegiate education; 
studied law, and entered upon the practice at Green- 
ville; entered the Confederate Army and ro.se to the 
rank of Colonel; in 1872 removed to ?>Iontgomeiv, 
Alabama; was elected a Representative from Alabama 
to the Forty-fifth, Forty-si.xth, Forty-seventh, and 
Forty-eighth Congresses; was re-elected to tlie Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Herbert, John C; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Maryland from 1815 to 1819, and a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1824. 

Herbert, Paul; was born in Louisiana; gradu- 
ated first in his class at West Point in 1840; entered 
the engineers; was acting Professor of Engin,>ering 
at West Point in 1841 and 1842; resigned in 1845; ' 
was Chief Engineer of the State of Louisiana from 
1845 to 1847; re-entered the service as Lieutenant- 
Colonel of the Fourteenth Infantry; was brevefted 
Colonel for gallantry at Molino del Rey, and com- 
manded his Regiment after his Colonel was killed at 
Cha])ultepec; was Governor of Louisiana from 1853 
to 1858; was made Brigadier-General in the Southern ' 
Army in 1861; commanded the Louisiana forces, and 
was taken prisoner at the battle of Pea Ridge in 1862. 

Herbert, Philip T.; was born in .\labama; was a 
Representative in Congress from California from 1855 
to 1857. 

Hereford, Frank ; was born in Fauquier Coun- 
ty, Virginia, July 4, 1825; was liberally ctUicated; ' 
studied law and removed to California; was District , 
Attorney of Sacramento County from 1855 to Octo- 
ber, 18.57; settled in West Virginia; was elected a 
Representative from West Virginia to the Forty-sec- 
ond, Forty-third, and Forty-tburtli Congrcsses.'.scrv- 
ingon the Committees on Public Lands, Alilitia, and 
Territories; in December, 1^75, was appointed Chair- 
man of the Committpe on Coninierce; in ls76 was 
elected I'nited .Stales Senator, for llie term ending iu ' 
1M81, to lill the vacancy caused by the death of Allen I 
T. Cupcrtou. 



234 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANKALS. 



Herkimer, John ; was born in Herkimer Coun- 
ty, New York, in 1773; was, for many years, a Judge 
of the Circuit Court; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1817 to 1819, and again 
from 1823 to 1825. Died at Danube, New York, June 
8, 1845. 

Hermann, Binger; was born at Lonaconing, 
Allegheny County, Maryland, in February, 1843; re- 
ceived his early education in the common schools; 
•while a youth, removed, with his parents, to Balti- 
more, Maryland; completed his studies at Manches- 
ter Academy (afterward Ir%ang College) near Balti- 
more; in 1859 accompanied his parents to Oregon, 
where they settled; taught school until 1864; in that 
year was made a Lieutenant in a Volunteer Regiment 
then recruiting, but the war ended without the regi- 
ment being called into service; studied law; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 18G6; in tlie same year was 
elected a Representative in the State Legislature; 
went to San Francisco and continued his legal studies 
until the spring of 1867; then returned to Oregon and 
entered upon the practice of law; in the fall of 1867 
was appointed a Deputy Collector of Internal Rev- 
enue, in which office he coutinued until 1871; in 
1868 was elected a State Senator; in 1871 was ap- 
pointed United States Receiver of Public Moneys at 
Roseburg, Oregon; in 1873 resumed his law pr;ictice, 
and, later, also engaged in mercantile pursuits and 
banking; in 1882 was appointed, by the Governor of 
Oregon, Judge Advocate of the State Militia with 
the rank of Colonel; in 1884 was elected a Repre- 
sentative &om Oregon to the Forty -ninth Congress. 

Hernandez, Josepli M.; was one of the promi- 
nent Spanish citizens who remained in the Territory 
of Florida at the time of its transfer to the "United 
States; was the first Delegate to Congress from 
Florida, and subsequently a leading member and pre- 
siding officer of the Territorial Legislature; at the 
breaking out of the Indian hostilities, was made a 
Brigadier-Gener.al in the United States service. He 
w^ _■ a man of refined and elegant manners; resided at 
St. Augustine. Died near Matanzas, Cuba, June 8, 
1857, at an advanced age. 

Herndon, Thomas H.; was born in Greene (now 
Hale) County, Alabama, July 1, 1828; graduated at 
the University of Alabama; attended the Law School 
of Cambridge University, Massachusetts; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in his native State and commenced 
practice; was elected a Representative in the State 
Legislature in 1857 and 1858; was a Trustee of the 
University of Alabama in 1858 and ISo'i; was a mem- 
ber of the State Secession Convention of 1861 ; entered 
the Confederate Army and rose to therank of Colonel; 
was a member of the State Constitutional Convention 
of 1875; was again in the Legislature in 1876 and 
1877; was elected a Representative from Alabama 
to the Forty-sixth Congress; re-elected to the Forty- 
seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses. Died at Mo- 
bile, March 28, 1883. 

Herndon, William S.; was born at Rome, 
Georgia, November 27, 1837; removed with his futher 
to Texas, in 1852; was educated at McKenzie College, 
Texas; studied law, and began to practice in 1860; 
enlisted in the Confederate Army in 1861, and re- 
mained until the close of the war; resumed the 
practice of the law in Smith County; was elected to 
the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses, .serving 
on the Committees of Agricultiire and Public Lands. 

Herod, William ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Indiana from 18.'>7 to 1839. 



Herrick, Anson ; was born in Lewiston, Maine, 
.January 21, 1812; received a common school educa- 
tion ; at the age of fifteen years was apprenticed to 
the business of a printer; settled in New York City 
in 1836, and continued in the same employment un- 
til 1838, when he commenced the publication of a 
weekly journal now called the New York Atlas; in 
1853 was chosen one of the Aldermen of the City, 
and served three years; was appointed, by President 
Buchanan, Naval Storekeeper for New Y'ork, which 
office he held until 1861 ; in 1862 was elected a Rep- 
resentative from New York to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Revolution- 
ary Pensions, and Expenditures in the Navy Depart- 
ment; was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Na- 
tional Union Convention " of 1866. Died in New 
York, February 6, 1868. Ebenezer Herrick, who 
served in Congress from 1821 to 1827, was his father. 

Herrick, Ebenezer ; was bom in Lincoln Coun- 
ty, Maine; in 1820 held the office of Secretary of the 
State Senate; was a Representative in Congress from 
Maine from 1821 to 1827; was a State Senator in 1828 
and 1829. Died at Lewiston, JIaine, May 7, 1839. 

Herrick, Joshua ; was born in Beverly, Essex 
County, Massachusetts, in 1794; received a common 
school education; removed to Maine, and became a 
Sheriff in that State; was Deputy Collector of the 
port of Kennebunk from 1829 to 1841 ; was Chairman 
of a Board of County Commissioners from 1842 to 
1843; was a Representative in Congress from Maine 
from 1843 to 1845, serving on the Committees on 
Naval Affairs and Accounts ; was again Deputy Col- 
lector of Kennebunk from 1847 to 1849, and from 
1850 to 1854; in 1856 was Register of Probate for 
York County, State of Maine. 

Herrick, Richard P.; was born in Rensselaer 
County, New Y'ork, in 1791 ; was a man of remarkable 
business enterprise; was a member of Congress from 
New York from 1845 to the time of his death, which 
occurred at Washington, June 22, 1846. 

Herrick, Samuel ; was born in Dutchess Coun- 
ty, New York, April 14, 1779; read law at Carlisle, 
Pennsylvania, and was admitted to tlie bar in 1805; 
in 1810 settled at Zanesville, Ohio, and was appoint- 
ed Collector of Taxes ibr that County; soon after- 
wards Prosecirting Attorney for the same county, and 
soon after that, by President Madison, was appointed 
United States District Attorney lor Ohio; in 1812 was 
appointed one of a Board of Commissioners for set- 
tling the North-western boundary line; in the au- 
tumn of that year succeeded Lewis Cass as Prose- 
cuting Attorney for Muskingum Countj'; in 1814 was 
appointed to the same oflice in Licking County; was 
a Representative in Congress from Ohio from 1817 to 
1821 ; alter his first election his seat was contested by 
Charles Hammond, but the House sustained his 
claim; was a Presidential Elector in 1828; in 1829 
was appointed, by President Jackson, United States 
District Attorney for Ohio; the remainder of his life 
was spent in retirement, and he died in December, 
1851. 

Hersey, Samuel F.; was born at Sumner, 
Maine, April 12, 1812; received an academic edu- 
cation; was a merchant, and engaged in banking, 
and was largely interested in the lumber business in 
Maine, Minnesota, and AVLsconsin; was a member of 
the Legislature of M.aine in 1842, 1857, 1S65, 1867, 
and 1869, and of the Executive Council in 1851 and 
1852; w.as a Delegate to the National Republican 
Convention at Chicago in 1860; also at Baltimore in 
1864; was a member of the National Republican 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



235 



(Committee from 1864 to 1868; was elected to t!n- 
Forty-third and Forty-fourtli Congresses, serving on 
important Committees. Died at Bangor, February 
3, 1875. 

Hewes, Joseph ; was born near Kingston, New 
Jersey, in 17:;(l; was educated at tlie Princeton 
School; settled in Philadilpliia as a merchant; when 
thirty years of age located at Edcnton, North Caro- 
lina; served in the Assembly of the Province; was a 
Delegate from North Carolina to the Continental 
Congress from 1774 to 1777, and again in 1779, and 
signed the Declaration of I ndepcnclence; was dr ftit-lii 
the first Secretary of the Navy. Died in Philadel- 
phia, November 10, 1779. 

He'witt, Abram Stevens ; wa.s born in Rock- 
laud County, New York, .July .'50, 1822; attended the 
common schools; on competition gained a scholarship 
in Columbia College, whence he graduated in 1842; 
was, fora time, tutor of matliematics; studied lawand 
came to the bar in 184.5; on account of impaired vision 
gave up the profession; in connection with Peter 
<,'ooper engaged in the manufireture of iron; in con- 
nection with Edward Cooper, his brother-in-law, 
established extensive steel and iron works in New 
Jersey and Pennsylvania; was a Scientilic Commis- 
sioner to the Paris Exposition in 18t!7; during the 
Rebellion, in 1862, was sent to England on a con- 
fidential mission to learn the process of making gun- 
barrel iron; at a heavy loss to his firin furnished the 
(iovernment with much w.ar material; in 18.">9 
organized the Cooper Union for the Advancement oi' 
Science and Art, which has been eminently successful ; 
was somewhat active in politics, and Chairman of the 
Democratic General Committee of the City of New 
York; in 1874 was elected a Representative to the 
Forty-fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty- 
fifth Congress; was again a Representative in tbe 
Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses; was re- 
elected to the Forty-ninth Congress; in 1886 was 
elected Mayor of New Yoi-k City and resigned his 
seat in Congress to accept that position. 

He'wnltt, O. C; was born in New York; having 
emigrated to Washington Territory, was appointed 
Chief Justice of the United States Court for that dis- 
trict, residing at Vancouver. 

Hewitt, Goldsmith W.; was born in .JelTerson 
County, Alabama, February 14, 1834; received an 
academic education; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1856; entered the Confederate Army in 
1861; was wounded in the battle of Chickamauga in 
1863; in 1870 was elected to the State Legislature; 
in 1872 was made State Senator, and served two ses- 
sions; resigned in 1874, to accept the nomination as 
Representative from Alabama to the Forty-fourth 
Congress, and was elected to that position; was re- 
elected to the Forty-fifth Congress; was also elected 
to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Hejrward, Thomas ; was bom in the Parish of 
St. Luke, South Carolina, in 1746; received a classical 
education, and studied law, finishing his legal studies 
at the Temple, in London; on his return from a tour 
in Europe was elected to the Assembly in North Caro- 
lina; was a Delegate to the Continental Congress from 
1776 to 1798, and signed the Declaration of Inde- 
pendence and the Articles of Confederation ; was sub- 
sequently a Judge of the Civil and Criminal Courts of 
the State; commanded a company of artillery at the 
battle of Beaufort, and was wounded; served also at 
Savannah and Charleston; at the latter place wjis 
taken prisoner, and while confined at St. Augustine 
his property was pillaged and his wife died; was sub- 



sequently a member of the Convention that formed 
tlie Constitution of South Carolina in 1790. Died ia 
March, 1809. 

He jrward, 'William, Jr. ; grail uated at Prince- 
ton College in 1808; was a Representative inCongre.s3 
from Maryland from 1823 to 1825. 

Hibbard, ElleryA.; w.is born in St. Johnsburv, 
Vermont, .Tuly 31, 1826; received an academic edu- 
cation; studied and practiced law; was Clerk of the 
State House of Representatives in 1852, 1853, and 
1854; was a member of the State Legislature in 1865 
and 1866; w.as elected to the Forty-second Congress; 
at the close of bis term in Congress, was appointed a 
.Judge of the Supreme Court of New Hampshire, and 
served as such until 1874; declined a new appoint- 
ment under the revised judiciary system, preferring 
to follow his profession. 

Hibbard, Harry; was born in Vermont; gradu- 
ated at Dartmouti! College in 1835; was Assistant 
Clerk of flu- New Hampshire House of Representa- 
tives in 1839; Clerk of the same from 1840 to 1843- 
Speaker of the House in 1844 and 1845; in the State 
Senate from 1846 to 1849, ofticiating two years as 
President; was a Representative in Congress from 
New Hampshire, from 1849 to 1855. Died at Som- 
ersville, July 27, 1872. 

Hibshman, Jacob ; w.as born in Lancaster 

Pcnnsvlvania; was a Rciireseutativein Congress from 
that State, from 1819 to 1821. 

Hickman, John ; was born in Cliester County, 
Pennsylvania, near the Brandywine battle ground, 
Septemlierll, 1810; received a thorough mathematical 
and classical education ; commenced the study of medi- 
cine, butfinding his health too feeble forthe dissecting- 
room, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1833; was a Delegate to the Democratic Baltimore 
Convention of 1844; in 1845 was appointed District 
Attorney for Chester County, holding the office fif- 
teen months; in 1854 was elected a Representative 
from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-fourth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Elections; re-elected to 
the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Revolutionary Pensions; re-elected to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, and was Chairman of the 
.Judiciary Committee; re-elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, again serving as Chairman of the Judiciary 
Committee; declined a re-election to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, but was subsequently, in 1867, "a 
member of the Pennsylvania Legislatui'e. Died at 
Westchester, March 23, 1875. 

Hicks, Thomas Hollyday ; was born in Dor- 
chester County, Maryland, September 2, 1798'; re- 
ceived a plain English education; worked on his 
father's farm when a boy; served for a time as Con- 
stable and Sheriff of his county; subsequently de- 
voted himself to mercantile pursuits; in 1836 was a 
Presidential Elector; was also a member of the Gov- 
ernor's Council; in 1838 was appointed Register of 
Wills; was a member of the "State Constitutional 
Convention" of 1849; frequently served in the Leg- 
islature of the State; was Governor from 1858 to 
1862; was appointed a Senator in Congress in the 
place of James A. Pearce, deceased, taking his seat 
during the third session of the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, and was elected for the term ending in 1867, 
serving on the Committee on Naval Affairs, and that 
on Claims. Died in Washington City, February 13, 
1865. He will ever be remembered as a true patriot 
for his firmness during the earlier troubles of the 
Rebellion. 



236 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Hiestand, John A.; was born in East Donegal 
Township, Lancaster Countj, Pennsylvania, October 
2, 1824; was reared on a farm; attended the common 
schools and academies of the neighborhood and Penn- 
sylvania College at Gettysbnrg; studied law; was 
admitted to the bar in 1849, and entered upon the 
practice of law at Lancaster, Pennsylvania; was 
elected to the Si-ate House of Representatives of 
Pennsylvania as a Whig in 1852, 1853, and 185G; in 
October, 1858, purchased an interest in the Lancaster 
Examiner newspaper and printing establishment, 
with which he became editorially connected: was 
elected a State Senator in 1860, for a term of three 
years; was a Presidential Elector in 1864, and was 
appointed by the Electoral College the messenger to 
carry the vote to Washington; was appointed, by 
President Grant, in 1871, Naval Officer at the Port 
of Philadelphia, and was re-appointed in 1875, serv- 
ing eight years; in 1884 was elected a Representative 
from Pennsylvania to the Forty -ninth Congress. 

Hiester, Isaac EUinaker; was born in Lan- 
caster County, Pennsylvania; received a classical 
education; graduated with honors at Yale College; 
studied law; was a member of the Thirty -tliird Con- 
gress, in which he expressed oiiinions upon the slav- 
ery question not in harmony with tliose of his con- 
stituency; at the next election was defeated, and 
resumed the practice of law witli distinguished suc- 
cess; was the son of William Heister, M. C, but 
changed the orthography of his surname. Died at 
Lancaster, February 6, 1871. 

Hig-by, ■William ; was born in Essex County, 
New York, August 18, 1813; passed his boyhood on 
a farm; engaged in tlie lumber and iron business: 
graduated at the University of Vermont in 1840: 
adopted the profession of the law, which he practiced 
in his native county until 1850; during tliat year 
emigrated to California; was District Attorney of 
Calaveras County from 1853 to 1859; in 1862 was a 
member of the State Senate; in 1863 was elected a 
Representative from California to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Public Lands 
and Expenditures in tlie Navy Department; re- 
elected to theTliirty-ninth Congress; was also a mem- 
ber of the Special Committee to visit the Indian trilies 
of the West in 1865, and of the Committees on tlie 
Death of President Lincoln and Appropriations; was 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Conven- 
tion " of 1866; re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on tlie Pacific Railroad, 
and as Chairman of the Committee on Mines and 
Mining. 

Higginson, Stephen; was a Delegate from 
Maisacliusetts to the Continental Congress, in 1782 
and 1783. 

Hill, Benjamin H.; was boru in .Tasper County, 
Georgia, September 14, 1823; received a classical 
education; graduated at the University of Georgia in 
1844;studied law, and came to the l).arinlS45; in 1851 
was elected to the State Legislature; w.as an unsuc- 
cessful candidate ibr ('ongress in 1855, and for Gov- 
ernor in '1857; was again a Representative in the 
State Legislature in 1859 and 1860; was a Presiden- 
tial Elector in 1861; was a Delegate to the State 
Convention of 1861, and opposed secession; was a 
Delegate from Georgia to the Confederate Provisional 
Congress, and afterwards a Senator from that State 
in the Confederate Congress; in 1875 was elected a 
Representati\e from Georgia to the Forty-fourth 
Congress to till the vacancy caused by the death of 
Garrett McMillan; wa.s re-elected to the Furty-lifth 
Congress; \v:is elected a .Se;iator of the United States 



from Georgia for the term of six years from March 4, 
1877, and resigned his seat in the Lower House. 
Died, at his home, August 16, 1882. 

Hill, Clement S.; was born in Kentucky; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State, from 
1853 to 1855. 

Hill, David Bennett; was born at Havana, 
Schuyler (then Chemung) County, New York, August 
39, 1845; was educated in the common scliools and at 
the Havana Academy; became a clerk in a lawyer's 
office in Havana; in 1863 went to Elniira, New York, 
and beg.an the study of law; in November, 1864, was 
admitted to the bar, and entered upon the practice 
of law at Elmira; a month later was appointed City 
Attorney; entered the field of politics, in which he 
took great interest; in 1868 was a Delegate to the 
Democratic .State Convention; in 1870 was elected a 
Representative in the .State Legislature, serving on 
important Committees; was re-elected in 1871; from 
1868 he was annually chosen a Delegate to the Dem- 
ocratic State Conventions of succeeding years, and in 
1877 and 1881 was elected President of the re.spective 
cn'i\entions: in 1876 and 1884 was a Delegate to the 
1) luocratic National Conventions of those years; in 
18S1 was elected a member of the Common Council 
of Elmira; in 1882 was elected Mayor of Elmira; in 
the fall of the same year was elected Lieutenant- 
Governor of New York ; in 1884, upon the resignation 
of Governor Cleveland, Jlr. Hill became Governor of 
the St;ite of New York; in 1885 was elected Presi- 
<liTit of tlie State Bar Association of New York; in 
1886 was elected Governor for a lull term, of four 
years. 

Hill, Hugh Clement ; was born in Mas.sachu- 
setts; in 1370 was appointed an Assistant Attorney- 
General of the United States. 

Hill, Hugh Li. 'W.; was born in Tennessee; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1847 to 1849. 

Hill, Isaac ; w.as born at Somerville, Mas3.achu- 
setts, April 7, 1788; in 1798 his parents removed to 
a farm in Ashburnham, Massachu.setts ; his educiv 
tion was exceedingly limited, and at the early age of 
fourteen he was apprenticed in a printing-office; in 
1809, at the expiration of his apprenticeship, went to 
Concord, New Hampshire, and purchased the Ameri- 
can Pdlriol, which was afterwards issued as the New 
Hampshire Patriot, and became a paper of immense 
circulation and inlluence during the twenty years of 
his editorship; during that time was twice chosen 
Clerk of the State Senate; was once a Representative 
in the Legislature; was elected a member of the State 
Senate in 1820, 1821, 1822, and 1827; in 1828 was a 
candidate for the United States Senate, but not 
elected; in 1829 was appointed, by President .Tack- 
son, Second Coni))troller of the Treasury, and held 
the office until April, 1830; returned to New Hamp- 
shire, and was elected, by the Legislature, United 
States Senator for si.x years, from 1831; in 1836 re- 
signed his Senatorsliip, after being elected Governor 
of New Hampshire; was re-elected in 1837 and 18.38; 
in 1840 was a])pointed, by President Van Bureu, 
Sub-Treasurer at Boston, and in tliat year est.ablished 
in connection with his two oldest sons, Hill's Xew 
Hampshire Pntriiit, wliich they publislied and edited 
until 1847, when that paper was united with the 
Patriot : .also publislied the Farmers' Moiillili/ Visitor, 
an agricultural paper, for ten years; during the last 
fifteen years of his life devoted niucli attenticm to 
agriculture. Died in Washington, District of Colum- 
bia, March 22, 1851. 



BIOnKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



237 



Hill John ; was born in Virginia; was a Repre- 
sentative iu Congress from that State from 1839 to 
1841. 

Hill, John; was born in Stolcps County, Nortli 
Carolina; served many years iu the Legislature of the 
State; was a Re])reseutative in Congress from ISIJiJ to 
1841; in 1850 held the position of Reading Cleric in 
the State Senate.. 

Hill, John ; was born in Catskill, New York, .Tune 
10, l-^'Jl; received a common school education; was 
for seven lyears a clerk and book-keeper in his nati\e 
place; removed to Boonton, Morris County, New Jer- 
sey, and pursued tlie same b;isiness for three years; 
subsequently devoted himself to mercantile pursuits: 
held, for many yeai-s, a number of local otiices; in 
1860 was elected to the State Legislature; was twice 
re-elected, and was made Speaker of the Assembly; 
took an active part in raising troops during the Re- 
bellion; was foremost among his neighbors in pro- 
moting the moral and social welfare of his fellow- 
citizens; in 18Ct> was elected a Representative from 
New Jersey to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the Post OBices and Weights and 
Measures; re-elected to tlie Forty-first and Forty- 
second Congresses; was a State Senator .from 1875 to 
1878 ; was again a Representative in the Forty-seventh 
^Congress. Died July 25, 1884. 

Hill, Joshua ; was born in Abbeville District, 
South Carolina, January 10, 1813; had not a collegi- 
ate education; studied law as a profession; was 
elected a Representative to the Thirty-tifth Congress 
from Georgia, and was a member of the Committee 
on Public Lauds; re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Foreign Afl'airs; 
withdrew in February, 1801, and returned to Georgia: 
did not take an active part in the Rebellion; in 186G 
was appointed, by President Johnson, Collector for 
the Port of Savann.ah; in 1870 was appointed a Visit- 
or to the West Point Academy, as well as a Register 
iu Bankruptcy; in 1868 was elected a Senator in 
Congress for the term ending in 1873. 

Hill, Mark L.; was born in Biddcford, Maine, 
.Tune 30, 1773; from the year 1792 to the close of his 
life, was almost constantly in the exercise of some 
public employment, either by popular election or 
executive appointment; though denied the advant- 
ages of a liberal education, he succeeded, by assidu- 
ous self-culture, in making himself useful to his 
country and gaining honor in the various posts of 
high responsibility to which he was successively ele- 
vated; w;is, at various periods, a member of the Sen- 
ate and House of Representatives of Massachusetts, 
a .fudge of the Court of Common Pleas, member of 
Congress from Jlassaehusetts from 1819 to 1821, and 
from Maine from 1821 to 1823; Postmaster at Phipps- 
burg, Maine, Collector of the port at Bath, and held 
several town and county otliees; was one of the Over- 
seers of Bowdoin College from its foundation until 
1821, when he became a Trustee, in which office he 
continued until his decease; during the whole period 
of forty-nine years, he regularly attended every meet- 
ing except one. Died at Phippsburg, Maine, Novem- 
ber 26, 1842, in the seventy-first year of his age. 

Hill, Nathaniel P.; w.is born in Orange County, 
New York, February 18, 1832 ; was educated at 
Bro\vn University, Rhode Island; was Professor of 
Chemistry in that institution from 1860 to 1804; 
studied metallurgy in the universities of Europe for 
two years; settled in Colorado as manager of a smelts 
ing company iu 1867; wa.s n member of the Council 



of Colorado Territory in 1872 and 1873; was eleclid 
a, Senator of the United States from Colorado for .he 
term of six years from March 4, 1879. 

Hill, Ralph; wa.s born in Johnson, Trumbull 
County, Ohio, October 12, 1827; after receiving an 
academic education, studied law at the New York 
State and National Law School, and received the de- 
gree of LL.D. in 1851; on removing to Indi;ina, was 
elected a l^presentative from that State to the Thir- 
ty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committees on Ter- 
ritories and on Expenaitures in the Treasury De- 
partment. 

Hill, Robert Andrews ; was bom in Iredell 
County. North Carolina, .March 25, 1811; removed, 
with ids parents, to Tennessee; received a limited 
education; iu 1833 was elected a Constable, and iu 
1836 a. Justice of the Peace; having adopted the pro- 
fession of the law, in 1847 wjrs elected a Circuit At- 
torney-General, and held the office until 1854; soon 
afterwards removed to Mississippi, and was made a 
Judge of Probate; during the war he did what he 
could to help both sides in the way of kindness and 
charity; was a Delegate to the State Convention of 
1805. and in 1866 was appointed United .States Judge 
for the District of Mississippi. 

Hill, Thomas; was born in Penn .vania; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1824 
to 1826. 

Hill, Whitmell; was born in Bertie County, 
North Carolina, February 12, 1743; graduated at the 
University of I'ennsylvania; was a Delegate to the 
Congresses at Hillsborough and Halifax in 1775 and 
1776; was Lieutenant-Coh)nel of the Coventry Jlili- 
tia, and Delegate to the Continental Congress from 
1778 to 1781; was frequently a member of the House 
and Senate of North Carolina previous to 1785. Died 
at Hill's Ferry, Martin County, North Carolina, Sep- 
tember 26, 1797. 

Hill, ■William D.; was born iu Nelson County, 
Virginia, October 1, 1833; was educited in country 
schools, and attended Antioch College, Ohio, two 
years; studied law and was admitted to practice at 
.Springfield, Ohio, in 1860; was Mayor of Springfield; 
was a Representative in the State Legislature iu 
1866, 1867, 1868, and 1869; was an unsuccessful can- 
didate for Congress in 1870; in 1875 was appointed 
Superintendent of Insurance for the State, and served 
three years; was elected a liepieseutative from Ohio 
to the" Forty-sixth Congress; was also elected to the 
Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Hill, William H.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from North Carolina from 1799 to 1803; was 
also appointed .Judge of the United States District . 
Court for the District of North Carolina. Died iu 
1809. 

Hillegas, Michael; w:w the first United States 
Treasurer. Died iu Philadelphia, September, 1804, • 
aged seventy-six years. 

Hillen, Solomon, Jr.; was bora in Baltimore 
County, Maryland, in 1813; was a Representative in 
Congress fi-om that State from 1839 to 1S41; was edu- 
cated at the Georgetown College; studied law; served 
in the Maryland "Legislature in 1834 and 1838; was 
elected Mayor of Baltimoro in 1842, for an unexpired 
term; was re-elected for two ye.irs, but resigned on 
account of his health, and devoted himself to agri- 
cultural pursuits. , 



2.i8 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Hillhouse, James ; was born at lloutville, Con- 
ricclicut, October 21, 1751; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1774; after due preparation, entered upon 
the practice of law; took an active part in the Revo- 
lutionary struggle, and when New Haven was in- 
vaded by the British, was Commander of the Gover- 
nor's Guards; became a Representative in Congress 
in 1791, and three years afterwards was chosen a 
Senator of the Unired States from Connecticut, where 
he continued a distinguished member for sixteen 
years, and in the Sixth Congress was President pro 
tfm. of the Senate; in ISIO resigned his seat in the 
Senate, and accepted the office of Commissioner of 
the School Fund of Connecticut, which he managed 
with great ability and lidelity for fifteen years; was 
a Delegate to the Hartford Convention of 1814; in 
18-35 undertook to conduct the construction of the 
Farmingtou and Hampshire Canal; was chosen 
Treasurer of Yale College in 178-3, and continued to 
hold the office until his death, doing much to pro- 
mote the interests of that institution. Died at New 
Haven, December 29, 1832. 

Hillhotise, ■William; was a Delegate from 
Connecticut to the Continental Congress from 1783 to 
1786. 

Hilliard, Henry "W.; was born in North Caro- 
lina; passed his boyhood in South Carolina, at the Col- 
lege of which State he graduated; studied law, and re- 
moved to Georgia; in 1836 became a citizen of Ala- 
bama, occupying for several years a Professorship in 
the University of that State; in 1838 was elected to 
the State Legislature, and in 1840 a Presidential 
Elector; in 1842 wa-s appointed, by President Tyler, 
Minister to Belgium; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Alabama from 1843 to 1851; was also a 
Regent of the Smithsonian Institution, and devoted 
some attention to the pursuits of literature; a vol- 
ume of his speeches was published in 1855; in 1877 
was appointed Minister Plenipotentiary to Brazil. 

Hillyer, Edgar Winters ; was born in Gran- 
ville, Licking County, Ohio, December 3, 1830; 
graduated at wliat is now called Dennison University; 
went to California in 1851; studied law, and came to 
the bar in 1856; practiced in Placer County until 
1861; served in the war for the Union, and rose to 
the rank of Colonel; in 1865 Ijecarae Acting Judge- 
Advocate for the Department of the Pacific; in 1863 
had command of the Camp at Los Angeles, during 
the troubles there; from 1864 to 1865 was stationed 
at Fort Yuma; underorders from General McDowell, 
investigated the conduct of certain persons who had 
exulted over the death of President Lincoln; was 
elected to the State Legislature in 1862; in 1866 was 
elected Attorney for Storey County, holding the 
office until 1869, when he was appointed .Tudge of 
the United States Court for the District of Nevada. 

Hillyer, Junius ; was born in Wilkes County, 
Georgia, April 23, 1807; graduated at the State Uni- 
versity at Athens, in 1828; having studied law while 
in college, was admitted to the bar within one week 
after graduating; in 1834 was elected, by the Legis- 
lature, Solicitor-General for the Western District of 
the State ; was a Representative in Congress from Geor- 
gia ftom 1851 to 1855, during his second term serving 
as Chairman of the Committee on Private Land Claims; 
in 1857 was appointed, by President Buchanan, So- 
licitor of the United States Treasury, remaining in 
office untU 1861. 

Hindman, Thomas C; was born in Tennessee 
in 1818; served in the Mexican War as a Second 
Lieutenant of Mississippi Volunteers; was a Repre- 



sentative from Arkansas to the Thirty -sixth Con- 
gress; was re-elected to the Thirty seventh Congress, 
but when the Rebellion broke out he entered the 
Confederate service; was at once made a Brigadier- 
General, and subsequently a Major-General. Died 
at Helena, Arkansas, October 22, 1868. 

Hindman, ■William ; was a Delegate from Mary- 
land to the Continental Congress; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from 1792 to 1799; was a Senator in 
Congress during the years 1800 and 1801. Died 
January 26, 1822. 

Hinds, James ; was born in Hebron, ■Washing- 
ton County, New York, December 5, 1833; graduated 
at the Cincinnati Law College in 1856; removed to 
Minnesota, and practiced his profession there; was 
District Attorney for the State until 1860; served in 
the war for the Union as a private, after which he 
settled at Little Rock, Arkansas; was a member of 
the Convention which formed the present Constitu- 
tion of the State; was appointed a Commissioner to 
codify the laws of the State; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Arkansas to the Fortieth Congress; 
was a Delegate to the Chicago Convention of 1868; 
in October of the same year was assassinated at Mon- 
roe, Arkansas, by a political opponent. 

Hinds, Thomas ; was born about the year 1775; 
was a distinguished officer in the battle of New Or-^ 
leans; was a Representative in Congress from Missis- 
sippi from 1828 to 1831. Died in Jefferson County, 
Mississippi, August 23, 1840. 

Hines, Ricliard ; was born in North Carolina; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1825 to 1827. 

Hires, G-eorge; was born in Salem County, New 
Jersey, January 26, 1835; received a common school 
and commercial education; engaged in the mercan- 
tile business and manufacturing; w;is elected Sheriff 
of Sulem County in 1867, 1868, and 1869; in 1831 
was elected a State Senator for a term of three years; 
wiis elected a Representative from New Jersey to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Hiscock, Frank ; was born at Pompey, New 
York, September 6, 1834; received an academic edu- 
cation; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 
1855, and commenced practice at TuUy, New York; 
was District Attorney of Onondaga County from 
1860 to 1863; was a Delegate to the State Constitu- 
tional Convention of 1867; was elected a Representa- 
tive from New York to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, 
Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Con- 
gresses. 

Hise, Elijah; was born in Kentucky, July 4, 
1802; in 1848 was appointed Charge d'Affaires to 
Guatemala; was a Presidential Elector in 1856; in 
1866 was elected a Representative from Kentucky to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, for the unexpired terra of 
H. Grider, deceased, serving on the Committee oh 
Reconstruction ; was re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, but died, by suicide, at Russell ville, Kentucky, 
May 8, 1867. In personal appearance he bore a re- 
markable resemblance to John C. Calhoun, of whom 
he was a warm admirer. 

Hitchcock, Peter ; was born in Cheshire, Con- 
necticut, October 19, 1780; graduated at Yale College 
in 1801; was admitted to the bar in 1804, and com- 
menced the practice of law in his native tovyn; in 
1806 removed to'"Geauga County, Ohio; in 1810 was 
elected to the General Assembly of thait State; from 
1812 to 1816 was a member of the State Senate, and 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



239 



President of that body one s&ssion; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from 1817 to 1819; vras then chosen 
Judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio for seven years; 
was re-elected to the same office in 1826 ; retired from 
the Bench in 1852, after a judicial service of twenty- 
eight years, having been for a portion of that time 
Chief Justice; from 1833 to 1835 was again a mem- 
ber of the State Senate, and once again President; in 
1850 was a Delegate to the " Constitutional Conven- 
tion " of the State. Died in Painesville, Ohio, Slay 
11, 1653. 

Hitchcock, Pliineas"W.; was born in New Leb- 
anon. New York, November 30, 1831; graduated at 
Williams College, Massachusetts, in 1855; studied 
law; after being admitted to the bar emigrated to 
Nebraska Territory, and settled in the practice of his 
profession at Omaha in 1857; in 1861 was appointed, 
by President Lincoln, Marslial of the Territory, 
which office he held until his election from Nebraska, 
as Delegate to the Thirty-ninth Congress; was a 
member of the National Committee appointed to ac- 
company the remains of President Lincoln to Illi- 
nois; in March, 1867, was appointed Surveyor-Gen- 
eral of Nebraska; was elected to the United States 
Senate for the term ending in 1877, serving on the 
Committees on Territories, District of Columbia, and 
Pacific Railroad. 

Hitchcock, Samuel ; was a lawyer of high 
character and a citizen of Vermont; in 1793 was ap- 
pointed, by President Washington, United States 
Judge for the District of Vermont; in 1801 was pro- 
moted, by President Adams, to the Bench of the 
Circuit Court of the United States for the Second 
Circuit. 

Hitt, Robert Roberts ; was born at Urbana, 
Ohio, January 16, 1834; removed to Illinois in 1837; 
received a collegiate education; engaged in various 
pursuits; was First Secretary of the American Lega- 
tion at Paris, France, from 1874 to 1881, serving as 
Charge d' Affaires ad interim for a portion of the time; 
was Assistant Secretary of State in 1881 ; was elected a 
Representiitive from Illinois to the Forty-seventh 
Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of 
R. M. A. Hawk ; was re-elected to the Forty-eighth 
and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Hoag, Truman H.; was born in Manlius, Onon- 
daga County, New York, April 9, 1816; received a 
public school education; from 18.32 to 1839 was clerk 
in a store and in a canal office at Syracuse; in 1842 
engaged in the steamboat business on Lake Ontario; 
removed to Toledo in 1848, and established himself 
there in the transportation and produce business; in 
1868 was elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
Forty-first Cougre.ss, serving on the Committee on 
Public Buildings. Died in Washingtou, February 5, 
1870. 

Hoagland, Moses; was bom in Ohio; was a 

Repre-seutative in Congress from that State from 1819 
to 1851; was subsequently appointed United States 
Judge for the Territory of Washington. 

Hoar, Ebenezer Rock-wood; was born in Con- 
cord, Massachusetts, in 1816; the son of the late 
Samuel Hoar, and brother of George F. Hoar; gradu- 
ated at Harvard University in 1835, and spent two 
years at tlie Cambridge l^aw School: soon alterwards 
engaged in teaching scIka)! at Pittsburgh and other 
western cities; carae to the bar in 1810, and com- 
menced the practice of law in his native Slate; was 
appointed a .fudge of the Court of Common Pleius, 
but after serving several years, resigned to resume 



the practice of his profession; was for ten years a 
member of the Corporation of Harvard College, and, 
in 1868, was appointed an overseer of that iustitntiori; 
in 1859 was elected a Jc.dge of the Suiiremc Court; 
on the 5th of March, 1869, entered the Cabinet of 
President Grant, as Attorney -General; in 1871 be- 
came a member of the Joint High Commission for 
making a Treaty between England and the United 
States; was a Presidential Elector in 1872; was 
elected to the Forty-thud Congress, declining a re- 
election; served on the Committees on Foreign Af- 
fairs and Revision of Laws; on the maternal side was 
a grandson of Roger Sherman. 

Hoar, G-eorg-e Frisbie ; was born in Concord, 
Massachusetts, August 29, 1826; graduated at Har- 
vard College in 1846: after going through a course of 
legal studies at the Har\ard Law School, w;>s admit- 
ted to the bar in 1849, and settled at Worcester, in 
the practice of his profession; in 1852 was elected a 
Representative in tlie General Court; in 1857, to the 
State Senate; in 1868 was elected a Representative 
from Massachusetts to the Forty-first Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Education and liahor, and 
Revision of Laws; was re-elected to the three suc- 
ceeding Congresses, servingon various important Com- 
mittees; declined a re-nomination; was President of 
the Republican State Conventions of 1871 and 1877; 
was Overseer of Harvard College from 1874 to 1880; 
was a Delegate to the Republican National Conventions 
of 1876 and 1880; President of the Convention in 
1880; was a member of the Electoral Commission in 
1876; was elected a United States Senator from Mas- 
sachusetts for the term of six years from March 4, 
1877; was re-elected for a second term of six years. 

Hoar, Samuel ; was bom in Lincoln, Ma-ssachu- 
setts. May 18, 1788; graduated at Cambridge in 
1802; was, for two years thereafter, a private tutor 
in Virginia; studied law with Artemas Ward; was 
admitted to the bar in 1805, and opened an office in 
Concord; soon attained high rank, and was for forty 
years one of the most eminent and successful prac- 
titioners in the State; was a member of the Conven- 
tion for revising the State Constitution in 1820; State 
Senator in 1825 and 1833; a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1835 to 1837; in 1844 was appointed by 
the Legislature of Massachusetts to proceed to South 
Carolina and aid the colored citizens of Massachu- 
setts, imprisoned by the authorities of South Caro- 
lina, by testing, in the Courts of the United States, 
the Constitutionality of the acts of South Carolina 
authorizing the imprisonment of colored persons who 
should enter that State; his appearance in Cliarks- 
ton caused great excitement, and he was expelled 
from that city by its citizens, December 5, 1844, the 
Legislature having passed resolutions on that day 
authorizing the Governor to expel him; member 
of the Executive Council in 1845 and 1846; State 
Representative in 1850; was a member of various re- 
ligious and charitable societies, of the AmeriGin 
Academy of Arts and Sciences, of the M;issachusetts 
Historical Society, and, at the time of his deatii, one 
of the Overseers of Harvard College, the degree of 
Doctor of Laws having, in 18.38, been conferred upon 
him by that institution. Died in Concord, Massa- 
chusetts, November 2, 1856. 

Hoard, Charles B.; wius born in Springfield, Ver- 
mont, June 28, 1805; \\-as a mechanic, and lor several 
years in early life a clerk in a private land office in 
Antwerp, New York: was Postmaster under Presi- 
dents Jackson and VanBuren; Justice of the Peace 
for several years; a member of the -N'ew York Legis- 
lature in 1838, and County Clerk of .lellerson Countv, 
New York, in 1844, 1845, and 1846; was an active 



210 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



politician, and was elected a Representative to the 
Thirty-litth Congress, servinir on the Committee on 
Expenditures in tlieState Eep irtment; was re-elected 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Claims. 

Hobart, Aaron ; was born in Abington, Ply- 
niovith County, Massachusetts. .Tune 26, 1787; gradu- 
ated at Brown University in lSlir>: adopted the pro- 
fession of the law; served in the State Senate; was a 
State Counselor; was Judge of Probate: was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Massachusetts from lrt'31 
to 1827. Died at East Bridgewater, September 19, 
1858. 

Hobart, John Sloss ; graduated at Yale College 
in 1757; was Judge of the District Court of New 
York, and held several important positions in that 
State during the Revolutionary war, after which he 
was appointed one of the three Judges of the Supreme 
Court; was a memberof the United .States S-'nate from 
February to .\pril, 1798, in the place of P. Schuyler, 
but resigned, and was then appointed .ludge of the 
United States District Court of New York. Died 
February 4, 1805, aged sixty -six. 

Hobble, Selah R.; was born at Newburg, New 
Y'ork. March 10, 1797; at an e.arly day established 
himself at Delhi, Delaware County, in the practice 
of law, where he was soon appointed District Attorney 
and Brigade Major and Insjiector; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from New York from 1827 to 1829, 
when, on the accession of General Jackson to the 
Presidency, he was appointed Assistant Postmaster- 
General, which position he held until 1850, when lie 
retired on account of ill-health, but resumed the 
duties of the oftice under President Pierce. Died in 
Washington, District of Columbia, March 23, 1854, 
He was the son-in-law, and at one time the law 
partner, of Erastus Root. 

Hoblitzell, Fetter S.; was born in Cumber- 
land, Maryland, October 7, 1838; received an academic 
education; studied law; commenced practice at Balti- 
more, Maryland, in 1859; served in the Confederate 
Arm3' during the war of the Rebellion; was a mem- 
ber of the Board of School Commissioners; was 
Trustee of St. Mary's Industrial School; was elected 
a member of the State House of Representatives in 
1870, again in 1876, and was re-elected in 1878, serv- 
ing the last term as Speaker; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Maryland to the Forty-seventh and 
Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Hodges, Asa; w.as born January 22, 1823; was 
admitted to the bar in 1849, and continued to prac- 
tice until 1860; removed to Arkansas in 1859; in 1866 
was a Delegate to the Constitutional Convention under 
the reconstruction acts of Congress; in 1868 was 
elected a Representative in the General Assembly; in 
1870 was elected a memberof the State Senate; and 
elected to the Forty-third Congress from Arkansas. 

Hodges, Charles D.; was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Illinois, and took his seat duiing 
the second session of the Thu-ty-fifth Congress. 

Hodges, George T.; was born in Clarendon, 
Vermont, July 4, 1789; was bred to active business, 
and was a merchant in Rutland for many years; 
served frequently in both Houses of the State Legis- 
lature; was a Representative in Congress from Ver- 
mont during the third session of the Thirty-fourth 
Congress; for more than a quarter of a century was 
President of the Bank of Rutland; was a large con- 
tributor to the success of the Burlington Railroad, 
and a warm supporter of the Vermont .•Vgricultural 
Society. Died at Rutland, September 9, 1860. 



Hodges, James L.; was a State Senator in 1823 
aTid 1824; was a Representative in Congress from 
Massachusetts from 1827 to 1831. Died March 8, 
1846, aged fifty-six yeai-s. 

Hodges, S. H.; was born in Vermont; removed 
to Washington; in 1852 was appointed Commissioner 
of the Patent Office, which office he resigned in 1853; 
in 1861 was appointed Examiner-in-Chief in the 
Patent Office, where he remained until his death, 
which occurred April 20, 1875. 

Hoffman, Henry "W.; was born in Maryland; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1855 to 1857; was subsequently elected Sergeant-at- 
Arms of the House of Representatives; in 1861 was 
appointed, by President Lincoln, Collector of the 
port of Baltimore. 

Hoffman, John T.; was bom at Sing Sing, New- 
York, January 10, 1828; graduated at Union College 
in 1846 ; was admitted to the bar January, 1849; 
acquired an extensive practice in New York City; 
connected himself with Tammany Hall in 1854; was 
elected Recorder of the city in 1860 and 1863; ren- 
dered himself conspicuous for his severity to the 
rioters of July, 1863; was elected JIayor in 1865, and 
re-elected in 1867; was Democratic candidate for 
Governor in 1866, but was defeated by Fenton; was 
chosen Governor in 1869, serving until 1872. 

Hoffman, Michael ; was born in the town of 
Clifton Park, Saratoga County, New York, in 1788; 
was educated as a physician; afterwards studied law 
and settled in Herkimer County, where he occupied 
a high position; wivs elected to Congress in 1824, and 
continued a member for eight years, serving a por- 
tion of the time as Chairman of the Committea on 
Naval Afl'airs; was appointed a Canal Commissioner 
for the State of New York, wrote several able reports, 
and resigned the office in 1835; in 1841 went into the 
House of Assembly from Herkimer County, and ac- 
complished much good for the service and credit of 
his .State; w.-usa Delegate to the "Constitutional Con- 
vention" of 1846, and was Naval Officer in the City 
of New York; was a powerful and eft'ective debater, 
and, as a man, unselfish and of high character. Died 
at Brooklyn, September 27, 1848. 

Hoffman, Ogden ; was born in New York City 
in 1794; graduated at Columbia College in 1812; soon 
after entered the navy as a midshipman, but in three 
years resigned, and studied law; commenced practice 
in Orange County, and was appointed District Attor- 
ney; removed to New York City in 1826; was a part- 
ner of Hugh Maxwell, and became eminently success- 
ful in his profession; in 1828 was a Representative in 
the Legislature; from 1829 to 1835 was District Attor- 
ney; was appointed United States District Attorney, 
by President Harrison; from 1837 to 1841 w.as a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, and was a member of the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs; was again elected to 
Congress in 1848; in 1854 was appointed Attorney- 
General of the State; was remarkable for his elo- 
(juence and learning, and for more than a (fuarter of 
a ceutury occupied a high position at the bar of New- 
York. Died in that city, May 1, 1856. 

Hoffman, Ogden; was born at Goshen, Orange 
County, New York, October 16, 1822; graduated from 
Columbia College in 1840; studied law at Dane Law 
School, Harvard University; w.as admitted to the 
bar, and then traveled in Europe for fourteen months; 
in 1850 removed to California, and commenced the 
practice of law; in 1851 was appointed Judge of the 
United .States Distrii't Court lor the District of Cali- 
fornia, and continued in that position. 



BlOGKAi'HICAL ANNALS. 



241 



Hogan, John ; was born in Mallow, County of 
Cork, Ireland, January 2, 1805; emigrated to Balti- 
more, Maryland, with his father in 1817; in that 
city was apprenti<-(-d to the trade of a shoemaker; 
during bis term of service did what he could to ob- 
tain an education, and w;us an attendant of the As- 
bury Sunday-school; in 18-26 emigrated to the West; 
in 1831 opened a store iu Madison County, Illinois; 
in 1836 was elected to the State Legislature; in 1838 
was elected, by the Legislature, Commissioner of the 
Board of Public Works; re-elected and made Presi- 
dent of the Boaid; in 1811 wa-s appointed, by Presi- 
dent Harrison. Register of the Land Oilioe at Dixon, 
Illinois, where he remained until 184,i; soon after- 
wards settled in St. Louis, Missouri, resuming the 
mercantile business; bec;ime engaged with insurance 
companies; organized and was President of a savings 
institution and a bank; in 1857 was appointed, by 
President Biichanan, Postmaster of St. Louis; in 1864 
was elected a Kepreseutative from Missouri to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Way.s'aud Means and the Special Committee on Civil 
Service; was the author of two publications, on the 
"Resources of Missouri" and on the "Commerce 
and Manufactures of St.. Louis"; was a Delegate to 
the Philadelpliia " National Union Convention " of 
1866. 

Hogan, ■William; was born in 1792; when quite 
young went, with his father, to the Cape of Good 
Hope, then a Dutch colony, where he acquired the 
Dutch language; returned to America and graduated 
at Columbia College; studied law, but ha^ing pur- 
chased land in Black River Country, New York, set- 
tled in that region; as a pioneer, did much to develop 
the country, and a thriving town on the St. Lawrence 
received the name of Hogansport; was for many years 
a County Judge; was a Representative in Congress 
from 1831 to 1833; in 1850 became an Examiner of 
Claims in the Department of State, which position 
was soon exchanged for that of Translator, his studies, 
while traveling abrowl, having matle him a thorough 
scholar in the languages of Europe, and he remained 
in that position until 1869. 

Hoge, John; was born near Carlisle, Cumberland 
County, Peurisylvania, September 10, 1760; received 
the greater part of his education from a private tutor; 
entered the army of the Revolution in 1776, and w;\s 
made Ensign of the Ninth Pennsylvania Regiment; 
in 1782 emigrated to the western part of the State, 
r and with his brother William, founded the town of 
^ Washington : iu 1789 was a Delegate to the Conven- 
tion which formed the State Constitution; from 1790 
to 1795 served in the State Senate; in 1799 was 
chosen a member of the "American Philosophical 
Society"; was a Representative in Congress from 
Pennsylvania in 1804 and 1805 for the unexpired 
U-rra of his brother, William Hoge; was a man of 
culture and literary tastes. Died near Washington, 
Pennsylvania, Augu.st 4, 1S24. 

Hoge, John Blair ; was born at Richmond, Vir- 
ginia, February 2, 1825; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to practice in 1815; became President of the 
Bank of Berkeley, Virginia, in 1853; was a member 
of the State House of Representatives from 1855 to 
18.'i9; was a Delegate to the Democratic National 
Conventions at Charleston and Baltimore in 1860; 
.served iu the Confederate Army as a commissioned 
officer throughout the war of the Rebellion; was a 
Delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 
Wesf Virginia in 1871; a member of the Democratic 
National Committee from 1871 to 1872; Circuit Judge 
from 1872 to 1880, when he resigned to take his se*t 

16 



in the Forty-seventh Congress as a Representative 

from West Virginia. 

Hoge, Joseph P.; was born in Ohio; having re- 
moved to Illinois, was elected a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1843 to 1847. 

Hoge, Solomon L.; was born in Logan County, 
Ohio; received a liberal education; graduated at tlie 
Cincinnati Law College in 18,59; practiced at Belle- 
foutaine until 1861; entered the army as First Lieu- 
tenant in the infantry; was promoted to a Captaincy; 
was severely wounded at the .second battle of Bull 
Run; was twice brevetted for gallant conduct in 
battle, and at the close of the war received a com- 
mission in the Recular Army ; materially aided in 
the reconstruction of South Carolina, and was elected 
.\ssociate Justice of the Supreme Court of the State 
by the General Assembly; was elected to the Forty- 
first and Forty-fourth Congresses. 

Hoge, William ; was born in Cumberland Coun- 
ty, Pennsylvania; in 1782 settled in the ■western part 
of the State, and, with his brother John, founded the 
town of Wijshington ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1801 to 1804, when he 
resigned, and again from 1807 to 1809. Died on his 
estate in the town of Washington. 

Hogeboom, James L.; w.is a member of the 
New York "Constitutiomal Convention" of 1821; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1823 to 1825, 

Hogg, Samuel ; was the son of Tliomas Hogg, a 
Major in the army during the Revolutionai'y War, 
and was born in Halifax, North Carolina, April 18, 
1783; studied medicine, and practiced the profession 
iu Tennessee; served as a Surgeon in the army during 
the Creek War, and was with General Jackson at 
New Orleans, where he acquitted himself with great 
credit in the hospitals; was elected to the State 
Legislature; was a Representative in Congress from 
1817 to 1819, and declined a re-election; in 1828 set- 
tled in Nashville, where he pnieticed his profession 
until his death, excepting two years which lie spent 
in Mississippi for his health; was President of the 
Medical Society of Tennessee, and received honorary 
degrees from the Universities of Maryland .and Penn- 
sylvania. Died at Nashville, May 28, 1842. It was 
the mother of Dr. Hogg, who, when Tarlton sneer- 
ingly said that he would like to see the Colonel 
Washington of whom he had heard so much, replied: 
"Yon would have had that pleasure if you had only 
taken the time to look behind you in your flight 
from the battle of Cowpens." 

Holbrook, E. D.; was born in Elyria, I^orain 
County, Ohio, in 1836; received a common school 
education; studied and adopted the profession of the 
law; having emigrated to Iilaho, was elected a Dele- 
gate trom that Territory to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress, and re-elected to the Fortieth Congress. 

Holbrook, Frederick; w;ls born in East Wind- 
sor, Connecticut, in 1813; was Governor of Vermont 
from 1861 to 1863. 

Holcomb, George; was bom in Lambertsville, 
Hunterdon County, New .Jersey, in 1786; graduated 
at Princeton College in 1805; adopted the medical 
profession, and practiced it with success iu Allen- 
town; was a member of the State Legislature in 
1815; received from the University of Maryland the 
degree of M. D. ; w.os a Representative in Congress 
from New Jersey from 1821 to 1828. Died at AUen- 
i town, January 14, 1828. 



242 



BIOGKAPHICA L ANXALS. 



Holden. ■William W.; was for mauy years con- 
nected with tlie press of North Carolina, especially 
tlie Raleinh Bcyistcr, and noted as a politician; was 
Provisional Governor of the State in 1865; was 
elected Governor in 1869, but was impeached for 
malfeasance in office, and in April, 1872, was removed 
from the Governorship by a two-thiids vote of the 
Senate of North Carolina, sitting as a Court of Im- 
peachment. 

Holladay, Alexander R.; was born in Vir- 
.ainia; was a Kepresent.-itive in Congress from that 
State, from 184U to ls,53, and during his first term 
w as Chairman of the Committee on Expenditures in 
the Navy Department. 

Holland, Cornelius; was born July 9, 1782; 
established himself as a physician at Canton, Maine; 
was a member of the Maine Constitutional Conven- 
tion of 1819; a member of the State Legislature in 
1820 and 1821; a State Senator in 1822, 1825, and 
1826; was a Representative in Congress from Maine, 
from 1830 to 1833, serving on the Committee on 
Elections, as well as the Committee on Representa- 
tion under the Fifth Census. 

Holland, James ; was a Rejiresentative in Con- 
gress from North Carolina, from 1795 to 1797; and 
again from 1801 to 1811. 

Holleman, Joel; was born in the County of Isle 
of Wight, Virginia, October 1, 1799; was educated 
at (Jhapel Hill, North Carolina; taught school for 
some years, and then studied law, in the practice of 
which he was successful; was a Representative in 
Congress from Virginia, from 1839 to 1840, when he 
resigned, " because he could not represent the feel- 
ings and wishes of a majority of his constituents"; 
was subsequently in the State Legislature for several 
vears, and was Speaker of the House when he died, 
August, 1844. 

Holley, Alexander H.; wa,s a native of Con- 
necticut; received a good education; w.is Governor of 
his native State for one year, beginning in 18.57. 

Holley, John M.; was born in Salisbury, Con- 
necticut, in November, 1802; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1822; removed to New York and came to the 
bar in 1825; was a member of the New York Assembly 
from 1838 to 1841; was elected a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1847 to 1848. Died at 
Jacksonville, Florida, March 8, 1848, before the ex- 
piration of his term. 

Holllday, Frederick W. M.; was Governor of 
Virginia from 1878 to 1882. 

Hollister, Gideon H. ; was a citizen of Connec- 
ticut; in 1868 was Cousul-tJeneral and Minister Resi- 
dent to Hayti, where he remained until 1869, when 
he returned to the United States. 

Hollister, Madison E.; was born in Cayuga 
Comity, New York, in 1808; received a common 
school education while working on his father's farm; 
studied faw, and settled in Illinois in 1836; was a 
PresidenWal Elector in 1848; in 1855 was elected 
Judge of the Ninth Judicial District of the State, 
continuing m the office until 1866; in that year was 
appointe<l Consul to Buenos Ayres, where he re- 
mained until 1869, and then resumed his profession; 
in 1861 was, without solicitation, appointed As.sociate 
.T\istice of the United States Territorial Court of 
Idaho, and was soon afterwards made Chief Justice. 



Holloway, David P.; was born in Waynesville 
Warren County, Ohio, December 6, 1809; removed, 
with his parents, to Cincinnati in 1813; in 1823 went 
to Richmond, Indiana, and learned the printing busi- 
ness; subsequently served four years in the office of 
the Cincinnati Gazeiie: commenced the publication 
of the Richmond Pnlhirlium in 1832. editing it for 
many years; in 1843 was elected to the loAver brancli 
of the State Legislature of Indiana, and in 1844 to 
the State Senate, serving nine years; in 1855 %vas 
elected a Representative in Congress from Indiana, 
and was Chairman of the Committee on Agriculture 
during that term; was eight years President of the 
.^gi-icultural Society of Wayne County; in 1861 was 
appointed, by President Lincoln, Commissioner of 
Patents. .Died September 9, 1883. 

Holly, Charles P.; was appointed a Judge of 
the United States Court for the Territory of Color- 
ado. 

Holman, Jesse Li.; was a citizen of Indiana; re- 
sided at Lawrenceburg; about the year 1836 was ap- 
pointed United States Judge for the District of Indi- 
ana. 

Holman, William S.; was born in Verdstown, 
Indiana, September 6, 1822; received a good English 
education at common schools; adopted the profession 
of the law; was a member of the Convention to re- 
vise the Constitution of Indiana in 1850; was a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature in 1851; was a Judge of 
the Court of Common Pleas from 1852 to 1856; was 
elected a Representative from Indiana to the Tliirty- 
.sixth Congress, serving as a member on the Commit- 
tee on Revolutionary Claims; re-elected to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Claims; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the same Committee; elected to the For- 
tieth Congress, serving on the Committees on Enrolled 
Bills and Claims; re-elected to the four succeeding 
Congresses, making a total service of sixteen years, 
during which time he served upon nearly all the im- 
portant Committees; in December, 1875, was a])- 
polnted Chairman of the Committee on Public Build- 
ings and Grounds; was elected to the Forty-seventh 
Congress, and re-elected to the Forty-eighth and For- 
ty-ninth Congresses. 

Holmes, A. J.; was bom in Wayne County, 

Ohio, March 2, 1842; removed, with his parents, to 
Wisconsin in 1853; received a good academic educa? 
tion, which was interrupted, in 1862, by his enlist- 
ment in the Union Array ; served throughout the war, ' 
rising to the rank of First Lieutenant; was taken 
prisoner in 1864, and was confined in various South- 
ern prisons for several months, being finally ex- 
changed; studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
at Janesville, Wisconsin, in 1866; graduated from the 
Law Department of the University of Michigan in 
1867; removed to Boone, Iowa, and began the prac- 
tice of law in 1809; was elected a Representative in 
the State Legislature in 1881; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Iowa to the Forty-eighth Congress; was 
re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Holmes, David ; was a native of Virginia; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1797 to 1809 ; in the latter year was appointed Gov- 
ernor of the Territory of Mississippi, which position 
he held until 1817; was Governor of the State, by 
election, from 1817 to 1819; was a Senator in Con- 
gress from Mississippi from 1820 to 1825, when he 
resigned. Died August 20, 1832. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



243 



Holmes, Elias B.; was born at Fletcher, Ver- 
mont, May '27, I8U7; commenced lite as a teacher: 
at the age of twenty emigrated to Monroe Connty, 
New York; studied hiw, and was admitted to i)rac- 
tice in 1830; was a Representative iu Congress from 
New York from 1845 to 1849. 

Holmes, Gabriel ; was born in Sampson County, 
North Carolina; was educated at Harvard University ; 
was a lawyer by profession ; was in the State Senate 
in 1807; governor of the State in 1621; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from North Carolina from 1825 
to 1828. Died September 26, 1829, iu Sampson 
County, North Carolina, aged si.\ty-iive years. 

Holmes, Isaac E.; was born in Charleston, 
South Carolina, April 5, 1786; was educated at the 
best schools of his native city, and graduated with 
honors at Yale College in 1815; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1818, in Charleston; 
was one of the originators of the ''South Carolina 
Association"; was elected to the State Legislature in 
182G; for a time devoted himself to planting; was a 
Representative in Congre.ss from South Carolina, from 
1839 to 1851, during which period he served with 
ability at the head of the Committees of Commerce 
and the Navy, and also of that on Foreign Affairs ; 
subsequently took up his residence in Calitbrnia; 
having returned to his native State, died in Charles- 
ton, February 25, 1867. 

Holmes, John ; was born on Cape Cod in Marcli, 
1773; graduated at Brown University in 1796; studied 
law, and commenced the practice in Alfred, Maine, 
in 1799; was a member of the Massachusetts Legis- 
lature in 1802, 1803, and 1812; was a Boundary 
Commissioner under the Treaty of 1815; a State 
Senator from 1813 to 1815; a Representative in Con- 
gress from Massachusetts, from 1817 to 1820; was a 
member of the Convention to form the Constitution 
of Maine, and Chairman of the Committee that 
drafted the document in 1820; was a Senator in 
Congress from Maine trom 1820 to 1827, and from 
1829 to 1833; during a p.irtof 1829, and from 1835 to 
1838, was a member of the Maine Legislature; was 
United States District Attorney, and District Judge 
for Maine from 1841 until his death, which occurred 
at Portland, July 7, 1843. He was a prominent 
member of the bar for forty years, and distinguished 
for his eloquence and wit. 

Holmes, Sidney T.; was born in Schaghticoke, 
Rensselaer County, New York, in August, 1815; set- 
tled with his father in Morrisville, Madison County, 
in 1819, wliere he afterwards resided; received an 
academic education; studied law; came to the bar 
in 1841, prior to which date he spent live yeare as a 
Civil Engineer; was twice appointed Loan Commis- 
sioner for Madi.son County, in 1848 and 1850; in 1851 
was elected Judge and Surrogate for the same county, 
and re-elected in 1855 and 1859, serving until 1864, 
altogether a period of twelve years; iu 1864 was 
elected a Representative from New York to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Public Lands and Revolutionary Pensions. 

Holmes, Uriel; graduated from Yale College in 
1784; was a Representative in Congress from Con- 
necticut from 1817 to 1818, when he resigned. Died 
in 1827. 

Holsey, Hopkins; was born in Virginia in 1799; 
was a Representative in Congress from Georgia, from 
1837 to 1839; subsequently edited the Athens Banner, 
anil filled a large space in the politics of Georgia. 
Died in Columbus, Georgia, March 31, 1859. 



Holt, Joseph ; was born in Breckeuridge County, 
Kentucky, January 6, 18J7; was educated at the St. 
.loseph and Centre Colleges of fhat State; studied 
law; came to the bar in 1828, and settled in Louis- 
ville; for two years was Attorney for the Common- 
wealth; was a visitor to West Point in 1835, ap- 
pointed by President Jackson; a Delegate to the 
"Baltimore Convention" of that year, in which he 
vindicated R. M. Johnson from certain political im- 
putations made against him; from 1835 to 1840 
resided in Mississippi, practicing his profession; re- 
turned to Louisville; from 1848 to 1851 traveled iu 
Europe and the East, going up the Nile and visiting 
.Terusalera; in 1857 settled in Washington City, and 
wns soon afterwards appointed, by President 
Buchanan, Commissioner of Patents; in 1859 went 
into the Cabinet as Postmaster-General; in 1860 was 
placed mi inlcrim at the head of the AVar Department, 
and subsequently eonlirmed as Secretary; in 1861 was 
a Commissioner for adjusting the war claims of 
Missouri; early in 1862 was a Commissioner on Ord- 
nance; in the latter part of year was appointed, by 
President Lincoln, Judge Advocate General; iu 1864 
was placed at the head of the Bureau of Military 
.Justice; in November, 1864, President Lincoln in- 
vited him into the Cabinet as Attorney-General, 
which invitation he declined; on the first of Decem- 
ber, 1875, was retired at his own request, and a suc- 
cessor was appointed. 

Holt, Orrin; was born in Connecticut; i was a 
Representative in Congress from that State i'n 1836 
to till an unexpired term, and again from 1837 to 
1839. 

Holten, Samuel ; was born in Dan vers, Massa- 
chusetts, .Tune 9, 1738; was bred a physician; during 
the Revolution he zealously espoused the cause of his 
country, and was a member of the old Congress, from 
1778 to 1787, officiating at one time as its President; 
also signed the Articles of Confederation ; was a Rep- 
resentative, under the Constitution, from 1793 to 
1795; spent the closing years of his lite as Judge 
of Probate for Essex County. Died Januarv 2, 
1816. 

Holton, Hart B.; was a resident of Maryland; 
was elected a Representative from that State to the 
Forty-eighth Congress; in 1883 was an unsuccessful 
candidate for Governor of Maryland. 

Hook, Enos ; was born in Pennsylvania; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1839 
to 1841. 

Hooker, Charles E.; was born in Union Dis- 
trict, South Carolina; graduated at the Cambridge 
Law School; settled at Jackson, Mississippi, in the 
practice of law; was elected District Attorney in 
1850; in 1859 was elected a Representative in the 
State Legislature; resigned to enter the Confederate 
Army, in 1861; rose to the rank of Colonel; in 1365 
was elected Attorney-General of Mississippi, and was 
re-elected in 1868; was elected a Representative from 
Mississippi to the Forty-fourth, Forty-lifth, Forty- 
sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Hooks, Charles; was born in Bertie County, 
North Carolina; served for many years in the State 
Legislature; was a Representative in Congress during 
the years 1816 and 1817, and from 1819 to 1825; sul)- 
sequently removed to Alabama, where he died in 
1851. 

Hooper, Benjamin S.; was born in Bucking- 
ham County, Virginia, March 6, 1835; received a 
common school education; engaged in mercantile 



244 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



pursuits early in life, and continued it in connection 
with the manufacture of tobacco; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Virginia to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress. 

Hooper, Samuel ; was born in Marblehead, 
Massachusetts, February 3, 1808; received his educa- 
tion in that town; spent four years in a counting- 
room in Boston; subsequently made re))eated visits 
to Europe and the West Indies, attending to com- 
mercial business; in 1832 settled finally in Boston as 
a merchant, chielly engaged in tlie Cliina trade, the 
last house of whicli he Ibrnied a part, liaving been 
long known as William Appleton & Co.; in 1851 was 
elected to the State House of Representatives, served 
three years, and declined a re-election; in 1857 was 
elected to the State Senate, and declined to serve a 
second term; in 1861 was elected a Representative 
from Massachirsetts, to fill the vacancy caused by the 
resignation of William Appleton, in the Thirty-sev- 
enth Congress, serving on the Committee on Ways 
and Means; in 1862 was re-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the same Committee; was 
re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Ways and Means, Banking and 
Currency, and the War Debts of the Loyal States; in 
July, 1866, received from Howard University the de- 
gree of Master of Arts, as founder of the "School of 
Mines"; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loy- 
alists' Convention" of 1866; re-elected to the For- 
tieth, Forty-first, Forty-second, and Forty-third Con- 
gresses; declined a re-nomination. Died in Wash- 
ington, February 15, 1875. 

Hooper, 'Williain ; was bom in Boston, June 17, 
1742; graduated at Harvard University in 1760; 
studied law and was admitted to the bar; in 1766 
settled at Wilmington, North Carolina; in 1770 had 
the courage to instigate severe measures against three 
thousand Bei/ulators in that State, which caused their 
dispersion; in 1773 was elected to the State Assem- 
bly; was a Delegate to the Continental Congress 
from 1774 to 1777, and signed the Deelar.'ition of In- 
dependence; in 1776 was a member of the "Hills- 
borough and Halifax Convention"; in 1787 retired 
from public life. Died in October, 1790. 

Hooper, "W. H.; was bom in Cambridge, Dor- 
chester County, Maryland, December 25, 1613; re- 
ceived a common school education; was, tor several 
years, a clerk in a store at Baltimore; when seven- 
teen years of age built a schooner; was, for some 
years, a merchant on the Eastern Shore of Maryland; 
emigrated to Illinois in 1835, from which time until 
1849 he was engaged in mercantile pursuits and 
steamboating on the Mississippi; in 1850 removed to 
Utah; was a member of the Legislature, and Acting 
Secretary of the Territory; in 1859 entered the Thii- 
ty-sixth Congress as a Delegate from the Territory of 
Utah; was re-elected a Delegate to the Thirty-ninth 
and Fortieth Congresses; was re-elected to the two 
succeeding Congresses. 

Hopkins, Albert J.; was bom in DeKalb Coun- 
ty, Illinois, August 15, 1846; graduated at Hillsdale 
College, Michigan, in June, 1870; studied law; was 
iwlmitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Au- 
rora, Illinois; was State's Attorney of Kane Coun- 
ty, Illinois, from 1872 to 1876; was a member of the 
Republican State t^entral Committee from 1878 to 
1880; was a Presidential Elector in 1884; waselected 
a Representative from Illinois to the Forty-ninth 
Congress to till the vacancy caused by the death of 
Hon. Reuben EUwood. 



Hopkins, Benjamin F.; was born in Washing- 
ton County, New York, April 22, 1829; received a 
good English education; removed to Wisconsin and 
engaged in general business pursuits; was Private 
Secretary to the Governor of Wisconsin for one term; 
was a member of both branches of the Legislature; 
was elected a Representative from Wisconsin to the 
Fortieth and Forty-fii'st Congresses, serving on the 
Committees on Enrolled Bills and Public Lauds. 
Died in Madison, January 3, 1670. 

Hopkins, George 'W.; was bora in Goochland 

County, Virginia, February 22, 1804; was educated 
at the "old field schools" of that day, and for some 
years alternately taught school and studied law; dur- 
ing the years 1833 and 1834 served in the House of 
Delegates; was elected a Representative in Congress- 
in 1835, and was re-elected until 1847, serving dur- 
ing one session as Sjjeaker of the House of Repre- 
sentatives, after which he was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Polk, Charge cV Affaires of the United States to 
Portugal; on his return from Europe, in 1849, went a 
second tirne into the House of Delegates of Virginia, 
and was elected Speaker of the House; was subse- 
quently elected a Judge of the Circuit Court; in 
1857 was elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving; 
as Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations. 
Died March 2, 1861, at which time he was a member 
of the Virginia Legislature. 

Hopkins, James C; was born in Vermont; 
settled in Wisconsin; in 1870 was appointed United 
States Judge for the Western District of Wisconsin, 
residing at Madison. 

Hopkins, James Herron ; was born in Wasn- 
ington County, Pennsylvania, November 3. 1831 ; was 
educated at Washington College; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in Pittsburgh before he was 
of age; continued engaged in his profession so closely 
as to impair his health and compel him to visit; 
Europe; a year after his return he retired from prao- ■ 
tice; engaged in banking, as President of the Penn- 
syhania Bank, and Director of other institutions of 
the kind; in 1872 was candidate for Congress for the 
State at Large; in 1874 was elected a Representative 
from Pennsylvania to the Forty-fourth Congress; was- 
also elected Grand Master of Knight Templars in the 
United States in 1874; in December, 1875, was ap- 
pointed Chairman of the Committee on the Centen- 
nial; was also elected a Representative to the Forty- 
eighth Congress. 

Hopkins, Moses Aaron ; was born, of slave 
parents, in Iloutgoniery County, Virginia, December 
25, 1846; after the close of the Civil War, in 1865, 
went to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and entered a 
night school; then took an academic course in 
Avery College; in 1870 entered Lincoln University in 
Chester County, Pennsylvania, graduating, in 1874, 
as Valedictorian of his class; then entered Auburn 
Theological Seminary, in Cayuga County, New York, 
from which he graduated with honor in 1877; was 
the first colored graduate from that institution; the 
same year was ordained a Presbyterian minister, and 
entered the missionary field, as teacher and preacher, 
at Franklinton, in Franklin County; in October, 
1885, was appointed, by President Cleveland, Min- 
ister Resident and Consul-Gencral of the United 
States to Liberia. Died at his post, August 10 
1886. 

Hopkins, Samuel ; was bom in Albemarle 
County, Virginia; served with distinction in the 
Revolutionary War; fought at Princeton, Trenton. 
Monmouth, Brandy wine, and Germautowu, and also j 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



245 



as Lieutenant-Colonel of a Virginia regiment at the 
siege of Charleston ; removed to Kentucky in 1797; 
served a number of years in the State Legislature; in 
1812 led two thousand troops against the Kickapoo 
Indians; was a Representative in Congress iVom Ken- 
tucky, from 1813 to 1815. Died, at an advanced age, 
in October, 1819. 

Hopkins, Samuel M.; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1791; was a Representative in Congress from 
New York, from 1813 to 1815; was an eminent 
lawyer, and much respected as a philanthropist and 
a Christian. Died at Geneva, New York, October 8, 
1837, aged sixty-tive years. 

Hopkins, Stephen ; was born in Scituate, Mas- 
sachusetts, March 7, 1707; was reared a farmer; in 
1742 removed to Providence and entered the mercan- 
tile business; from 1751 to 1754 was Chief .Justice of 
the Superior Court; in 1755 was elected Governor of 
the State, and, with the exception of four years, 
served until 1708; was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress from 1774 to 1777, and also in 1778, and a 
signer of the Declaration of Independence; in 1765 
published, by order of tht Assembly, "Rights of the 
Colonies Examined, and an Account of Providence," 
in two volumes. Died July 13, 1785. 

Hopkinson, Francis ; was born in Philadelphia 
in 1738; his father died when he was fourteen years 
of age, and alter having been taught by his mother, 
he centered the University of Pennsylvania, where he 
graduated; studied law, but was fond of fine arts, 
and indulged in humorous satire; in 1765 visited 
England, and remained there two years; on the 
breaking out of the Revolution rendered good service 
to the American cause by the power of his pen; was 
a signer of the Declaration of Independence; a Dele- 
gate from New Jersey to the Continental Congress in 
177(3 and 1777; was a Judge of the Admir.alty Court; 
subsequently a .Judge of the United States District 
Court. Died of apoplexy. May 9, 1791. 

Hopkinson, Joseph ; was born in Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania, November 12, 1770; was educated at 
the University of his native State, from which Insti- 
tution, as well as from Nassau Hall and Harvard 
University, he subsequently received the degree of 
LL.D. ; studied law, and commenced to practice at 
the age of twenty at Iviston; atterwards practiced at 
I'hiladelphia, and became eminent in his profession; 
-vvas the leading counsel of Dr. Rush in his famous 
suit against William Cobhett in 1799, and was also 
engaged by Judge Chase in his impeachment case 
before the United States Senate; in 1815 was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Pennsylvania, and served 
until 1819, alter which he resided in Bordentown, 
New Jersey, until appointed, by President .John 
Quincy Adams, Judge of the District Court of the 
United States for the Eastern District of Pennsyl- 
vania, when he returned to Phihidelphia, and held 
this office until his death; in 1837 was a member of 
the Constitutional Convention of the State; was one 
of the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania; 
■was President of the Philadelphia Academy of Fine 
Arts, ml Vice-President ot' the American Phihisdjihi- 
■cal So. iey; published many interesting addresses, 
and wroie tlie song " Hail Columbia." Died at Phil- 
adelphia, January 15, 1842. 

Hopp'n, William W. ; was Governor of j;hode 
Island .or three years, Ijeginning with 18.54, and was 
otherwise honorably identilied with the State. 

iiom, Heary ; was a Repre-sentati\e in Congre.s* 
liom Peniii^ J^ania, from 1831 to 1833. 



Hornbeck, John "W.; was a native of New 
Jersey, and a graduate of Union College, New York; 
removed to Pennsylvania, and turned his attention 
to the profession of law; was a member of the Hou.se 
of Representative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1847 to 1848. Died at Allentown, Pennsylvania, 
January 16, 1848. 

Hornblo'wrer, Josiah ; was born in Stafford- 
shire, lOiiglaud, in 1729; did not receive a University 
education, but w'asa great student and made himself 
acquaiuted with many important branches of science; 
adopted the profession of civil engineer; in 1751 came 
to America to build a steam engine at the copper 
mines near Belleville, New Jersey; this is said to 
have been the first engine built in North America; 
became interested in mineralogy and mining; es- 
poused the cause of American Independence; was 
several years in the State Legislature, serving as 
Speaker; was a Delegate to the Continental Congress 
from 1785 to 1786; was .rustice of the Peace lor a long 
period; in 1798 was appointed Judge of E.ssex County 
Court, which positinn lie held until his death, which 
occurred January '.A, 1809. 

Horr, Roswell G.; was born at Waitsfield, Ver- 
nKmt, November 26, 1830; removed, with his parents, 
to Ohio in 1834; graduated at Antioch College in 
1857; in the same year was elected Clerk of the 
Court of Common Pleas of Lorain County, and served 
six years; was admitted to the bar in 1864 and com- 
menced practice at Elyria, Ohio; in 1866 removed to 
Missouri and engaged in mining; in 1872 removed to 
East Saginaw, Jlichigan; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Michigan to the Forty -sixth. Forty -seventh, 
and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Horsey, Outerbridge ; was a native of Dela- 
ware; born in 1777; after completing a classical edu- 
cation, studied law under James A. Bayard, and 
rose to eminence in his profession; was for many 
years Attorney-General of the State; was a Senator 
in Congress from Delaware from 1810 to 1821. Died 
at Needwood, Maryland, June 9, 1842. 

Horton, Thomas R.; was born in New York; 
was a Representati\e in Congress from that State 
from 1855 to 1857. 

Horton, Valentine B.; was born at Windsor, 
Vermont, January 29, 1802; was educated at Part- 
ridge's Military Academj', in that State, and, after 
that institution was removed to Middletown, Con- 
necticut, became a teacher therein; studied law at 
Jliddletown, and was admitted to the bar in 1830, 
after which he removed to, and practiced his profes- 
sion in, Pittsburg; removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, in 
1833, ^vhere he followed his profession for two 
years, and in 1835 removed to Pomeroy, Ohio, where 
he engaged in mining and manufacturing; was a 
member of the Ohio " Constitutional Convention " of 
1850; in 1854 was elected a Rejiresentative to the 
Thirty-fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Tliirty- 
lifth Congress, but declined a nomination for the 
next Congress; was, however, elected to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Committee on Ways 
and Means; in 1861 was a member of the " Peace 
Congress," held in Wasliington; was also a Delegate 
to the Philadeli)Iua "Loyalists' Convention" of 
1866. 

Hosford, Jedediah; was born in Vermont; 
having removed to Ke%v York, was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from that State from 1851 to 
1853. 



246 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Hoskins, George G-.; was born in Bennington, 
New YolU, December 2'1, 1824; received an acatleraic 
education; engaged in mercantile pursuits; wa- 
elected Clerk ot his native town in 1849, and held 
the office three years; was Justice of the Peace lor 
twelve successive years; in 1862 was Supervisor: 
was appointed Postmaster at Bennington, and re- 
tained the office under three Presidents; was a mem- 
ber ot the Assembly of the State in 1860, 1865, and 
1866, and in 1865 was chosen ISpi'aker; in 1868 was 
appointed State Commissioner of Public Accounts, 
and held the office three years; in 1871 was appointed 
Collector of Internal Revenue; resigned in 1873, 
having been elected to the Forty-third Congress; 
served on the Committee on Accounts; was re- 
elected to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Hosmer, Hezekiah L.; was a Representative 
in Congress from New York from 1797 to 1799. 

Hosmer, H. L.; was Chief Justice of the United 
States Court lor the Territory of Idaho. 

Hosmer, Tittis; was born at Middletown, Con- 
necticut, in 17:!6; was a member of the Council; of 
the Assembly IVom 1773 to 1778; Speaker in 1777; 
was a Delegate to the Contineutal Congress from 1775 
to 1779; in January, 1780, w.is appointed Judge of 
the Maritime Court of Appeals for the United States; 
was a signer of the Articles of Confederation ; was 
a jiatron of Joel Barlow, who wrote .a poem on his 
death, inscribed to his widow. Died at Middletown, 
August 4, 1780. 

Hostetler, Abraham J.; was born in W.a-shing- 
ton County, Indiana, November 22, 1818; received a 
common school education; was raised on a farm; 
learned the trade of a blacksmith; engaged in mer- 
cantile pursuits; was elected a State Senator from 
1S54 to 1858; was elected a Representative from In- 
diana to the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Hostetter, Jacob ; was born in York, Pennsyl- 
vania; was a Represent,ative in Congress from that 
State in 1814, in the place of J. Spangler, resigned, 
aitd again from 1819 to 1821. 

Hotchkiss, Giles W.; was born in Windsor, 
Broome County, New York, October 25, 1815; was a 
lawyer by profession; in 1862 was elected a Repre- 
.sentative from New York to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving as a member of the Committees on 
Claims, and on Private Land Claims; was re-elected 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Claims, and Private Land Claims; was re- 
elected to the Fortieth and Forty-tirst Congresses, 
serving as Chairman of Civil Service, and on the 
Committee on Claims. Died July 5, 1878. 

Hotchkiss, Julius ; was born in Middletown, 
Connecticut, in 1810; received a comm(m school edu- 
Gition; turned his attention to mercantile pursuits, 
which he sub.sequently merged into the manufactur- 
ing business; when his native place was organized 
into a city, was elected its first Mayor; was twice 
elected to the State Legislature; in 1854 was a can- 
didate for the office of Comptroller of the State; in 
1867 was elected a Repre-scn tat ive from Connecticut 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Territories and Freedmen's Affairs; re-elected to 
the Forty -first Congress. 

Houck, Jacob, Jr.; was born in New York; was 
a Representative in Congress from 1841 to ls43. 



Houck, Leonidas C; was born in Sevier Coun- 
ty, Tennessee, .June 8, 1836 ; w.as self-educated: 
studied law while working at the trade of a cabinet^ 
maKer; w.as admitted to the bar in 1859 and com- 
menced practice; served in the Union army from 1861 
to 1863, rising to the rank of Colonel; resigned be- 
cause of ill health; was a member of the State Con- 
stitutional Convention of 1865; was. Judge of the 
Seventeenth Judicial Circuit from 1866 to 1870: then 
removed to Knoxville, Tennessee; was a Delegate to 
the Republican National Convention of 1868; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1872 and 1876; was a Repre- 
sentative in the State Legislature in 1872; was elected 
a Representative from Tennessee to the Forty-sixth, 
Forty-seventh, and Forty -eighth Congresses; was re- 
elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Hough, David ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New Hampshire fi-om 1803 to 1807. 

Hough, "William J.; was born in New York; 
served in the Assembly of that State in 1835 and 
1836; was a Representative in Congress Irom New 
York from 1845 to 1847. 

Houghton, Sherman O.; was born in New 
York, April 10, 1828; was educated at a commercial 
institute; entered the army as a private in 184(1, and 
was sent to California and afterwards to Mexico, 
where he served until the close of the war with that 
country, having been promoted to the rank of Lieu- 
tenant; adopted the profession of the law; was Mayor 
of San Francisco in 1855; was elected to the Forty- 
second and Forty-third Congresses, serving on the 
Committees on Post Offices and Post Roads, Pacific 
Railroad, and Weights and Measures. 

House, John P.; was born in Williamson Coun- 
ty, Tennessee, January 9, 1827; graduated at Leb- 
anon Law School in 1850, and settled in Clarksville, 
Tennessee, to practice law; was elected a member of 
the State Legislature in 1853; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1860; in 1861 was a member of the Pro- 
visional Congress of Confederate States; entered the 
Southern Army and remained until the close of the 
war; was p.aroled at Columbus, Mississippi, soon 
after the surrender; was a member of the House of 
tl\e Tennessee Constitutional Convention of 1870; 
was elected a Representative from Tennessee to the 
Forty-fourth Congress; was re-elec'ted to the Forty- 
fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Houseman, Julius ; was born at the village of 
Zeckendorf, in the Kingdom of Bavaria, Germany, 
l>ecemlier 8, 1832; received ii common school educa- 
tion, and a commercial training, in his native village; 
emigrated to the LTnited States in 1851, settling at 
Grand Rapids, Michigan, in 1852; engaged in mer- 
cantile pursuits; filled several local positions, among 
them being those of Alderman and Mayor; was a 
Representative in the State Legislature in 1871 and 
1872; was defeated as a candidate for Lieutenants 
Governor in 1876; in that year retired from mercan- 
tile business and engaged in the manufacture of lum- 
ber; was elected a Representative li-om Michigan to ' 
the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Houser, Samuel T.; w.as born in 1832; was an 

early settler in the Territory of Montana; became 
largely interested in mining, and was successful; 
settled at Helena, Montana; became President of the 
First National Bank of Helena; in .Inly, 1885, was 
appointed, by President Cleveland, Governor of the 
Territory of Montana for the term of four years. 

Houston, George S.; was born in Wiiiiamson 
County, Tennessee, January 17, 1811; removed, when 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



247 



qviite young, to the Fifth Congressional District of 
Alabama, where he was educated, and continued to 
reside: soon after attaining tlie age of twenty-one 
was admitted to the bar; was elected to the Alabama 
Legislature and served two sessions; was, for a time. 
Attorney for the State, or Solicitor; was a second 
time elected to the Legislature; was elected a Repre- 
sentative to Congress in 1841, and continued to serve, 
by successive re-elections, until 1849, when he volun- 
tarily retired, for the purpose of resuming the prac- 
tice of law; was again elected to Congress, in 1851, 
and snbsequently re-elected, serving ou several of 
the leading Committees, and officiating, <luring the 
Thirty -fifth Congress, as Chairman of the Committee 
on the Judiciary; during a Ibrnier Congress acted as 
Chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means; 
was also a member of the Special Committee of 
Tliirty -three; withdrew in February, 1861; was a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia " National Union Con- 
vention " of 18t>6; was Governor of Alabama from 
1874 to. 1876; was elected LTnited States Senator from 
Alabama for the term of six years from JIarch 4, 
1879. Died December 31, 1879. 

Houston, James; was born in Maryland ; was 
liberally educated; adopted the ])rofession of tlie law; 
in 180(5 was appointed, by President Jelferson, 
United States Judge for the District of JIarj'land. 

Houston, John ; was early distinguished in the 
Revolutionary movement, and was one of the four 
jiersons to call the first meeting of the Friends of 
Ijiberty, in 1774, at Savannah; was a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress from 1775 to 1777, and was a 
member of the first Naval Committee; would have 
signed the Declaration of Independence hail he not 
been called home to counteract tlie inlluencc of Dr. 
Zubly in opposition to it; was a member of tlic State 
Council in May, 1777; Governor of Georgia from 
1778 to 1784; in 17S7 was Commissioner for settling 
the boundary between Georgia and South Carolina; 
in 1792 was appointed first Judge of the Supreme 
Court of Georgia. Died in Savannah, July 20, 1796. 
He was the son of Sir Patrick Houston. 

Houston, John W.; was born in Sussex County, 
Delaware; studied at Newark Academy, and gradu- 
ated at Yale College in 1834; studied law with John 
M. Clayton, and was admitted to the bar in 1837; 
was Secretary of State in 1841; a Rejn-esentative in 
Congress from Delaware from 1845 to 1851; in 1856 
was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of Dela- 
ware ; was a Delegate to the " Peace Congress ' ' of 
1861. 

Houston, Sam; was born in Rockbridge County, 
Virginia, March 2, 1793; lost liis father when quite 
young, and his mother removed witli licr family to 
the banks of the Tennessee, at that time tlic limitof 
civilization; received but a scanty education; passed 
several years among the Clierokee Indians, aiul, in 
fact, through all his life seems to have held opinions 
with Rousseau, and retained a predilection for life 
in the wilderness; served for a time as clerk to a 
country trader, and taught school; in 1813 enlisted 
in the army and served under (ieneral Jackson in 
the war with the Creek Indians; distinguished 
himself on .several occasions, and, at the conclu- 
sion of the war, had risen to the rank of Lieu- 
tenant, but .soon resigned his commission and 
commenced the study of law at Nasliville; it was 
about this time he began hi.s political life; after 
holding several minor offices in Tennessee, he was, 
in 1823, elected to Congress, and continued a mem- 
ber of that body until in 1827, he became Governor 
of Tennessee; in 1829, bctbre the expiration of his 



gubernatorial term, resigned his oflice. and went to 
take up liis abode among the Clierokee Indians, in 
Arkansas; during his residence among the Indians, 
became acquainted with the frauds pr.acticed upon 
them by the Government agents, and undertook a 
mission to Washington for the iinr))(>se of exjiosing 
them; in the execution of this project lie met with 
little success; became involved in lawsuits, and re- 
turned to his Indian friends; during a visit to Texas, 
was requested to allow his name to be used in the 
canvass for a Convention which was to meet to tbrm 
a Constitution for Texas, prior to its admission into 
the Mexican Union; consented, and was unanimously 
elected; the Constitution drawn up by the Conven- 
tion was rejected by Santa Anna, at tliat timi- in 
power, and the disaft'ection of tlie Texans, caused 
thereby, was still further heightened by a demand 
upon them to give up their arms; they determined 
upon resistance; a militia was organized, and Austin, 
the founder of the colony, was elected Commander- 
in-Chief, in wliich olfice he was shortly after suc- 
ceeded by General Houston; he conducted the war 
\vith vigor, and finally brought it lo a successful ter- 
mination by the battle of San .lacinto, which was 
fouglit in April, 1836, in Jlay, 1836 he signed a 
treaty acknowledging the independence of Texas, 
and in October of the same year was inaugurated the 
first President of the Republic; at the end of his 
term of office, as the same person cotild not constitu- 
tionally be elected President twice in succession, he 
beGime a member of tlie Texas Congress; in 1841, 
however, was again elevated to the Presidential 
chair; during the whole time that lie held that office 
it was his favorite policy to cllect the annexation of 
Texas to the United States, but he retired from office 
betbre the consummation of his wislies; in 1846 
Texas became one of the States of the Union, and 
General Houston was elected to the United States 
Senate, of which body he remained a member until 
1859, the close of tlie Tliirty-tiftli Congress, serving 
on the Coiuniittee on Indian Affairs; in 1859 was 
elected Governor of Texas; in a letter tliat he ad- 
dressed to tlie compiler of this volnnie he said, in hia 
characteristii' manner, that he " had risen from a Ser- 
geant up to President of a Republic, and down- to a 
Senator of tlie United States." Died in Huntsville, 
Texas, July 25, 1863. His name was Sum — not 
.Samuel, as generally printed. 

Houston, William ; was a Delegate from Geor- 
gia to the Continental Congress from 1784 to 1787, 
and was a memlier of the Convention wliich formed 
the Federal Constitution, but did not sign the instru- 
ment. 

Houston, "William C; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1768; was a Profi's.sor of Matliematics in 
the same; was a Delegate from New .Jersey to the 
Continental Congress from 1779 to 1782, and again 
in 1784 and 1785. Died in 1788. 

Hovey, AlvinP.; was born in Mount Vernon, 
Ohio, May 8, 1821; studied law and came to the bar 
in 1813; cnteied the volunteer service during the 
Rebellion as a Major; served with distinction as 
Colonel and Brigadier-General at Shiloh, Corinth, 
Champion Hill and Vicksburg, and was made a 
brevet Major-Geueral ; after tlie war resigned ; was 
appointed Minister Resident to Peru in 1866. 

Ho-ward, Benjamin; was a Representative in 
Congress from Kentucky from 1807 to 1810, when he 
was appointed Governor of Indiana Territory; was 
appointed Brigadier-General in the United States 
Arnu' in 18I3; was once Governor of Missouri Ter- 
ritory. Died at St. Louis, Mi.s,souri, September 18, 
1814. 



2-lS 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Ho\ward, Benjamin C; was born in Marylaiul 
in 171)1; gnicUiated iVoni Princeton College in 1809; 
comniantled a volunteer company at the battle of 
North Point in 1814; was a Presidential Elector in 
1828; was a Representative in Congress from Mary- 
land from 1829 to 1833, and again from 1835 to 1839; 
from 1835 to 1850 was a General of Militia; was a 
Keportcr of the Decisions of tlie Supreme Court of 
the United States from 1843 to 1862; was Democratic 
candidate for Governor of Maryland in 1861; was 
also a Delegate to the " Peace Congress " of 1861 ; son 
of John E. Howard. Died in Baltimore in 1872. 

Ho'ward, George; was a native of Maryland: 
became acting Governor in 1831; in 1S:',2 was elected 
Governor of Maryland, remaining in office until 1833. 

Howard, Henry ; was born in Cranston, Rhode 
Island, April 2, 1826; studied law and came to the 
bar in 1851; after practicing eight years, went into 
commercial business; served a number of years in the 
State Legislature; was a Delegate to the National 
Convention of 1856, which nominated Fremont; was 
a Presidential Elector in 1872; in 1873, without .solic- 
iting the honor, was elected Governor of Rhode Is- 
land, and re-elected in 1874; declined a re-nimiina- 
tion for 1875. 

Howard, Jacob M.; was born in Shaltsbury, 
Vermont, .luly 10, 1805; was educated at the Acad- 
emies of Bennington and Brattleborongh, and at 
Williams College, where he graduated in 1830; 
studied law, and taught in an academy in Massachu- 
setts for a time ; removed to Michigan in 1833, and 
came to the bar of that Territory in 1833; in 18.38 
was a member of the Legislature of the State; from 
1841 ti) 1843 was a Representative in Congress from 
Michigan; in 1854 was elected Attorney-General of 
the State; twice re-elected, serving in all six years, 
in 1862 was elected a Senator in Congress, in place of 
K. S. Bingham, deceased, for the term ending in 
1865, serving as Chairman of the Committee on the 
Pacilii^ Railroad, and .as a member of the Committees 
on Military Aftairs, the Judiciary, and Private Land 
Claims; was re-elected Senator for the term com- 
mencing in 1865 and ending in 1871, serving on the 
Committees on Claims, Priv.ate Land ( 'laims, the Li- 
brary, the Special Joint Committee on the Rebellious 
States, and as Chairman of that on Ordnance; re- 
ceived from Williams College, 1866, the degree of 
LL.D. ; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loy.al- 
ists' Convention" of the same year. Died at Detroit, 
April 5, 1871. As an author he published, in 1847, 
a translation from the French of the "Secret Memoirs 
of the Empress Josephine. " He drew up the pl.at- 
form of the first convention of the Republican party 
in 1854, and is said to have given it its name. 

Howard, Jolin Eager; was born .Tune 4, 1752, 
in Baltimore Cimnty, Maryland; graduated at Prince- 
ton College; entered the army in 1776 as a Captain in 
the regiment of Colonel J. C. Hall; in the following 
year was promoted; finally succeeded to the com- 
mand of the Second Maryland Regiment; was an 
efficient coadjutor of Greene during the campaign of 
the South, distinguishing himself at the battle of 
C'owpens, when, said Lee, "He seized the critical 
moment, and turned the fortune of the day"; also at 
Guilford, and the Eutaws; was in the engagement of 
White Plains, Germantown, Monmouth, Camden, and 
Hobkirk's Hill; having been trained to the infantry 
service, he was remarkably apt at charging into 
close battle with fixed bayonet: at Cowpens 
this mode of fighting was resorted to for the 



first time in the war, and in this battle he 
had in his hands at one time the swords of 
seven officers who had surrendered to him personally; 
on tliis occasion he saved the life of the British Gen- 
eral O'Hara, whom he found clinging to his stirrup 
and asking quarter; when the army was disbanded 
he retired to his patrimonial estate near Baltimore; 
in 1787 was a Delegate to the Continental Congress; 
in 1788 was chosen Governor of Maryland, and held 
the office three years; was a Presidential Elector in 
1792; a Senator of the L'nited States from Maryland 
liom 1796 to 1803, and was President pro tan. of the 
.Senate in the Sixth Congress. Died October 12, 
1827. 

How^ard, Jonas Gr.; was born in Floyd County, 
Indiana; removed to Jefiersonville, Clark County; 
Indiana; was educated at Asbury College, Green- 
castle, Indiana; graduated in the law from the State 
University at Bloomington, Indiana, in 1851; en- 
gaged in the practiceof law at Jefiersonville, Indiana; 
was elected a Representative to the State Legislature 
in 1862, and again in 1864; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1868, and again in 1876; -fras elected a Representa- 
tive liom Indiana to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

How^ard, Robert A.; was a citizen of Arkansas; 
studied law, and engaged in practice, attaining emi- 
nence in his profession; in June, 1885, was appointed, 
by President Cleveland, A.ssist.ant Attorney-General 
of the United States in the Department of Justice, at 
Washington. 

Howard, TilghmanA.; wasbornnear Picken.s- 
ville, South Carolina, November 14, 1797; received a 
limited education, and commenced active life as a 
clerk in a store, and as a schoolmaster; removed to 
Tennessee and devoted himself to the law; when 
twenty-seven years of age was elected a member of 
the Tennessee Legislature; was a Jackson Elector in 
1830; during that year removed to Indiana, and was 
appointed, by President Jackson, District Attorney 
for that State; was a Representative in Congress from 
Indiana from 1839 to 1841; was a])pointed Cliari/e 
(r.-ljfaires to Texas in 1844, in which Republic he 
died, August 16, 1844. 

Howard, Volney E. ; was born in Norridge- 
wock, Maine; studied law: emigrated to Mississippi, 
where he distinguished himself as an editor, and 
fought two duels, first with S. S. Prentiss, and next 
with Governor McNutt; emigrated to Texas; was 
elected a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1 :.49 to 1853. 

Ho'ward, "William; was b'irn in A^irginia; was 
elected a Representative from Oliio, to tlie Thirty- 
sixth Congress, serving on the Committee on Revisal 
and Unfinished Business. 

How^ard, William A.; was born in Vermont; 

graduated at Middlelniry College in 1839; having 
taken up his residence in Michigan, was elected a 
Representative from that State to the Thirty-fourth 
and Thirty-fifth Congresses, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Ways and Means; successfully contested the 
seat of G. B. Cooper, in 1860, and became a member 
of the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a member of 
the Select Committee of Thirty-three; in 1.^61 was 
appointed, by President Lincoln, Postmaster at De- 
troit; was a Delegate to the Philadeli>hia "Loyalists' 
Convention" of 18li6; in 18G9 was appointed Minister 
to China, but declined the position; was Governor of 
Dakota from 1878 to 1880. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



319 



Ho"wre, Albert R.; was born in Brookfield, Mas 
sachusetts, January 2, 1840; was well educated; 
served in the Fiiity -seventh Massachusetts Infantry 
as Sergeant, Lieutenant, aii<l Acting Adjutant, par- 
ticipating in the c;impaign in North Carolina; was 
•commissioned Second Lii'Utenant in the Fifth Mas- 
sachusetts Cavahy: promoted to be Major, serving 
in Virginia and Texas until November, 18G5; settled 
in Mississippi, on a cotton plantation, in 1865; was 
a member of the Mississippi State Convention in 
1 868 ; a Delegate to the Chicago National Convention in 
1868; was appointed Treasurer of Panola County in 
1869; was a member of the Legislature in 1870, 1871, 
and 187-2; was elected to the Forty-third Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Claims. 

Howe, James H. : was born in Maine; removed 
to Wisconsin; in 1873 was appointed United States 
.Tudge tor the Western District of Wisconsin, resid- 
ing in Kenosha. 

Ho^we, John W.; was born in New Hampshire; 
having settled in Pennsylvania, was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1849 to 1853. 

Ho'TO'e, Thomas M.; was born in Vermont; set- 
tled in Pennsylvania; was elected a Representative 
in Congress from 1851 to 1855; was for many years 
Cashier, and then President, of the Exchange Bank, 
of Pittsburg. 

Howe, Thomas Y., Jr.; was a native of New- 
York; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State, from 1851 to 1853. 

Howe, Timothy O.; was born in Livermore, 
Oxford County, Maine, February 7, 1816; received 
an academic education at the lieadtield Seminary; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1839: 
settled at Readfield; was elected to the Legislature 
of Maine in 1845; in the latter part of that year re- 
moved to Green Bay, Wisconsin; was elected a Cir- 
cuit .ludge in that State, in 1850. holding the office 
until 1855, when he resigned: in 1861 was elected a 
Senator in Congress from Wisconsin, for the term 
ending in 18()7, serving on the Committees on Fi- 
nance, Commerce, Pensiims and Claims, and as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Enrolled Bills and of those 
on the Library and Claims, and subsef|uently on 
those on Apjiropriations and Revolutiojary Claims; 
was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia '' Loyalists' 
Convention " of 1866; in .January, 1867, was re- 
elected to the Senate for the term ending in 1873; 
and again for the term ending in 1879, serving as 
Chairnian of the Committees on Claims and the Li- 
brary of Congress; in January, ISS'i, 'syas appointed 
Postmaster-General in the Cabinet ^of I^rcsident 
Arthur. Died, suddenly, at Kenosha, Wisconsin, 
March 25, 1883. 

Howell, David ; was born in New Jersey, Jan- 
nary 1, 1747; graduated at New .lersey College in 
1766; removi^l to Kliode Island, and was appointed 
Professor of Natural Philosophy and Mathematics in 
1796, and tiom 1790 to \K:l{ w;us Profe.s.sor of Law in 
Brown University; priuticed law in Providence, and 
became eminent; w;is for some time Attorney-Gen- 
eral of the State and .Judge of the Supreme Court; 
was a Delegate to the Continental Congress from 
1782 to 1785; after the re-organization of tlie General 
Government, was appointc(i Commissioner to settle 
the Eastern Boundary of the United States; was .sub- 
sequently District Attorney; from 1812 to his death, 
was District Judge for Ivliode Island; was a dis- 
tinguished classical scholar and political writer. 
Died July 29, 1824. 



Ho-well, Edward; was a member of the New 
York Assembly in 1832; was a Representative in 
Congress from that State, from 1833 to 1835. 

Howell, Ellas; was born in New Jersey; having 
taken up his residence in Ohio, was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from that State; from 1H35 to 
1837. 

Howell, James B.; was born in New Jersey, 

July 4, 1816; removed to Newark. Licking County, 
Ohio, in 1819; graduated at Miami University in 
18;?7; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 
1839; removed to Iowa in 1841, where he practiced 
law for several years; in 1845 purchased a paper and 
engaged in the newspaper business; removing to 
Keokuk in 1849, started the Daih/ Winy, afterwards 
the Dailii Gale Cili/: took a prominent part in or- 
ganizing the Republican party in Iowa in 1855 and 
1856; was a Delegate to the Fremont Convention in 
1856; was elected to the United States Senate to till 
the vacancy caused by the resignation of W. Grimes, 
in January, 1870; in 1871 was appointed a member 
of the Southern Claims Commission. 

Howell, Jeremiah B.; was a native of Rhode 
Island; graduated at Brown University in 1789; was 
a Senator in Congress from Rhode Island from 1811 
to 1817. Died in 1822, aged ttl'ty years. 

Howell, Nathaniel; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1788; was a Representative in Congress 
tVom New York from 1813 to 1815. Died at Canan- 
daigua. New York, October 16, 1851, aged eighty- 
one years. 

Howell, Richard ; was born in Delaware, 1754; 
practiced law; commanded a company of Grenadiers 
before the Revolutionary War; in 1775 was appointed 
Captain of the Second New Jersey Regiment; distin- 
guished himself at Quebec; was promoted to Major 
in 1776, and commanded his regiment until 1779; 
was appointed Judge Advoi^ate of the Army in 1782, 
but declined; resuming the practice of law, w:us 
Clerk of the Supreme (;ourt from 1778 to 1793; was 
Governor from 1794 to 1801. Died at Trenton, New 
Jersey, April 28, 1802. 

Howell, 'William F.; was born in Michigan; 
removed to New York, from which State he was ap- 
pointed an Associate Justice of the United States 
Court for the Territory of Arizona. 

Howey, Benjamin P.; was born at Pleasant 

Meadows, Gloucester (.'ounty, New .Jersey, March 
17, 1828; received an academic education iiiitddition 
to the instruction of private tutors; at the age if 
nineteen engaged in the gi-ain and Hour coiiimissioa 
business in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; in ls.'>5 re- 
moved to Warren County, New Jersey, and engaged 
in the business of quarrying, and manufacturing, 
rooting and school slates; was a Captain in the Union 
Array in 1862 and 1863; was elected SherilTin 1878; 
wa.s elected a Representative from New Jersey to the 
Forty-eiglitli Congress. 

Howland, Benjamin; was a native of Rhode 
Island; was a Senator in Congress from that State 
from 1804 to 1809. Died May 6, 1821. 

How^ley, Richard ; was a Delegate from Geor- 
gia to the Continental Congress from 1780 to 1781. 

Hoyt, Henry Martyn ; was born at Kingston, 
Luzerne County, Penn.sylvania, in June, 18;50; re- 
ceived a classical education, graduating from Wil- 
liams College in 1849; studied law; was admitted to 



250 



BIOGRAPHICAL. ANNALS. 



the bar in 1853, and commenced practice at Wilkes- 
barre, Pennsylvania: served in the Union Army from 
1861 to 1865, rising to the rank of Colonel and Brevet 
Brigadier-General; was Judge of the Court of Com- 
mon Pleas of Luzerne County in 1867; was Governor 
of Pennsylvania from 1879 to 1883; received the de- 
gree of LL.D. from tile University of Pennsylvania 
and from Lafayette College; upon the expiration of 
his gubernatorial term settled in Philadelphia in the 
practice of law. 

Hoyt, John P.; was born at Austinbnrg, Ashta- 
bula County. Ohio, October 6, 1841; received an aca- 
demic education; served in the Union Army during 
the greater part of the Civil War; studied law, and 
gi'aduated from the Ohio State and Union Law Col- 
lege in 1867; was admitted to the bar in the s.ame 
year, and removed to Michigan, where lie practiced 
law for nine years; was a Representative in the Mich- 
igan Legislature in 1873 and 1875; w.as Speaker the 
latter term; in 1876 was appointed Secretary of Ai'i- 
zona Territory, and in 1877 became Go\ ernor of that 
Territory; in 1878 was tendered the appointment of 
Governor of Idaho Territory, but declined it; in 1879 
■was appointed an Associate Justice of the .Supreme 
Court of Washington Territory, and was re-appointed 
in 1883. 

Hoyt, John W.; was a resident of Wisconsin, 
where he was engaged in literarj' pursuits; was, for 
a time, a member of the Board of Railroad Commis- 
sioners of the State of Wisconsin ; in 1878 was ap- 
pointed, by President Hayes, Governor of the Terri- 
tory of Wyoming for the term of four years. 

Hubard, Edmund "W.; was born in Virginia; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1841 to 1847. 

Hubbard, Asahel W.; was born in Haddam, 
Connecticut, January 18, 1819; received a district 
school education; removed to Indiana in 1838, and 
taught school for a time; studied law, and came to 
the bar in 1841; in 1847 was elected to the Indiana 
Legislature, and served three years; in 1857 removed 
to Iowa, and was chosen Judge of the Fourth .Judi- 
cial District of that State; in 1862 was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Iowa to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on Foreign 
Atiairs, and of the Special Committee to visit the 
Indian Tribes of the West; re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Committees on Pub- 
lic Expenditures and Indian Afl'airs; also re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on his old Com- 
mittees. 

Hubbard, Chester D.; was born in Hamden, 
Connecticut. November 25, 1814; removed, with his 
parents, to Western Pennsylvania in 1815; thence to 
Wheeling, Virginia, in 1819; graduated at the A\'es- 
leyan University in 1840; was engaged in the lumber, 
iron, and banking busine,ss; in 18.52 and 1653 was a 
member of the Virginia Legislature; was a member 
of the "Richmond Convention " of 1861; and also of 
the " Wheeling Convention " of the same year; served 
one term in the Senate of West Virginia, after its 
org.anization; was a Delegate to the " Baltimore Con- 
vention " of 1864; was the Commissioner from West 
Virginia to the Soldiers' National Cemetery; was 
elected a Representative from that State to the Tliir- 
ty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Manulactures, and on Banking and Currency; was 
re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving on old 
Committees and as Chairman of that on Interior De- 
partment Expenses. 



Hubbard, David ; was born in Virginia; was a 
Reiiresentative in Congress trom Alabama from 1839 
to 1841, and for a second term Irom 1849 to 1851. 

Hubbard, Demas, Jr.; was born in Winfield, 
County of Herkimer, New York, January 17, 1806; 
received an academic education; was devoted to farm- 
ing and the practice of law; was for many years 
Sujiervisor of Chenango County, and four years Chair- 
man of the Board; from 1838 to 1840 was" a member 
of the State Legislature; in 1864 was elected a Rep- 
resentative from New York to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on the Post Office 
and Post Roads. Died in Smyrna, New York, Sep- 
tember 2, 1873. 

Hubbard, Henry; was born in Charlestown, 
New Hampshire, May 3, 1784; graduated at Dart- 
mouth College in 1803; studied law, and commenced 
practice in Charlestown; entered early into public 
life; was frequently a member of the State Legisla- 
ture, and for some years Speaker of the House; was 
Judge of Probate for Sullivan County from 1827 to 
1829; was a Representative in Congress from 1829 to 
1835, and a Senator in Congress from 1835 to 1841; 
was Governor of Nevj Hampshire in 1842 and 1843; 
from 1846 to 1849 was United States Assistant Treas- 
urer in Boston; for a part of the time during the 
Twenty-eighth Congress, he acted as Speaker of the 
House of Representatives. Died at Charlestown, 
New Hampshire, June 5, 1857. 

Hubbard, John ; was born in Readfield, Maine, 
March 22, 1794; graduated at Dartmouth College in 
1816; was a supporter of the Maine Liquor Law; 
taught at Hallowell Academy, Slaine, for two years; 
and in Dinmddie County, Virginia, two years; prac- 
ticed medicine in the latter place from 1822 to 1829; 
removed to Hallowell in 1830; was State Sen'^tor in 
1842 and 1843; Governor of Maine from 1850 to 1853; 
agent for the United States Treasury for the New 
England States from 1857 to 1859, and from 1859 to 
1861 a Commissioner under the Reciprocity Treaty 
with Great Britain; received the degree of M.D. 
irom the University of Pennsylvania in 1822; and 
LL. 1). from Wat College in 1851. Died at Hallowell 
February 6, 1869. 

Hubbard, John H.; was born in Salisbury, 
Litchfield County, Connecticut, in 1805; received a 
good common school education; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1826, and was a regular 
practitioner of his profession until 1855; for five 
years was Attorney for the County of Litchfield ; was 
twice elected to the State Senate;"in 1863 was elected 
a Representative from Connecticut to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Patents and Expenditures in the Post Office Depart- 
ment; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress 
serving on the Committees on Roads and Canals, and 
on Patents; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 1866. 

Hubbard, Jonathan H.; was born in 1768- • 
was one of the most esteemed citizens of Vermont' 
and was distinguished as a jurist; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from 1809 to 1811, and for manv 
years was one of the Judges of the Supreme Court of 
Vermont. His death occurred where most of his 
life was spent, at Windsor, Vermont, September 20 

Hubbard, Levi ; was a member of the Ma.ssa- 
chusrtts Legislature in 1804 and 1805: a State Sena- 
tor in 1806, 1807, 1811, and 1816; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Massachusetts from 1813 to 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



251 



1815; for some years a County Tie;isiirer; a State 
Counselor in 1839; a Presidential Elector in 1820 and 
1828. 

Hubbard, Lucius P.; was born in Troy, New 
York, January -M, 1^:!(>; was left an orphan at the 
;iji!e of three years; received an academic education; 
learned the trade of a tinsmith; in 1854 removed to 
Chicago Illinois; in 1857 removed to Minnesota, and 
established the Republican newspaper, at Red Wing; 
in 1858 was elected Register of Deeds, and served two 
years; in 1861 enlisted in the Union Army, and wavS 
made Lieuteuant^Colonel; w;S promoted to a Col- 
onelcy in 1862; took part in twenty-four battles, and 
was a Brigadier-General when mustered out of ser- 
vice; returned to Red AVing, and engaged in the 
milling business; in 1872 was elected State Senator; 
■was re-elected in 1874; in 1881 was elected Governor 
of Minnesota, for a term of three years; in 1884 was 
re-elected. 

Hubbard, Richard Bennet; was born in 

Walton County, Georgia, November 1, 1832; received 
a classical education, graduating from Mercer Uni- 
versity, Georgia, in 1850; studied law at the Uni- 
versity of Virginia, and at Harvard University, Mas- 
sachusetts, graduating from the latter institution 
with the degree of LL.B.; was admitted to the bar 
in 1853; immediately thereafter emigrated to 
Texas and engaged in the practice of law; was a 
Delegate to the Democratic National Convention of 
1856; was United States District Attorney from 1856 
to 1858; was Representative in the State Legislature 
in 1858; was a Delegate to the Democratic National 
Convention of 1860; was a Colonel in the Confederate 
Army; in 1874 was President of the Democratic State 
Convention; in that year was elected Lieutenant- 
Governor of Texas, and was e.v-nfficio, President of 
the State Senate; in 1876, by the election of Gov- 
ernor Coke to the United States Senate, became Gov- 
ernor of the State, ser\ing as such until 1879; deliv- 
ered the Centennial Address, on behalf of Texas, at 
Philadelphia, in 1376, by special dasignation; was a 
Delegate to the Democratic State and National Con- 
ventions of 1880; in the latter seconding the nomina- 
tion of the successful candidate, and taking a 
■ prominent part in the proceedings of the Convention : 
retired from active political life and engaged in de- 
veloping the resources of the State; in April, 1885, 
was appointed, by President Cleveland, Envoy Ex- 
traordinary and Jlinister Plenipotentiary to Japan. 

Hubbard, Richard Dudley ; was born at Ber- 
lin, Connecticut, September 7, 1818; graduated from 
Yale College in 1839; studied law; wxs admitted to 
the bar in 1842, and engaged in the practice of law 
at Hartford, Connecticut; was a Rei)resentative in 
tlie State Legislature in 1842, 1843, 18.5.5, and 1858; 
was State's Attorney for Hartford County from 1864 
to 186S; was elected a Representative from Connecti- 
cut to the Fortieth Congress, and declined a re-nom- 
ination; was an unsuccessful candidate for (iovernor 
in 1872; in 1876 was elected Governor of Connecti- 
cut, and served two years; was re-nominated in 1878, 
but was defeated at the polls. Died at Hartford, 
Connecticut, February 28, 1884. 

Hubbard, Samuel Dickinson; was l)orn at 
Jliddletonu, Connecticut, August 10, 1799; gradu- 
ated at Yale College in 1819; studied law. but did 
not practice, devoting himself chiefly to the manu- 
facturingbusine.ss; served asa Rei)resentative through 
the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses; in 1852 
was appointed Postmaster-General, and held tlie 
office until the close of President Fillmore's admin- 
istration, alter which he retired to private life; was 



zealous in the cause of education, and a.ssisted in the 
establishment of the City High School at Middle- 
town. Died October 8, 1855. 

Hubbard, Thomas H.; was a native of New 
Haven, Connecticut, and a graduate of Yale College 
in 1798; studied law; .settled at Hamilton, in Madi- 
son County, New York, and was there Surrogate for 
ten years; in 1823 removed to Utica; was a Rcpre- 
.sentative in Congress from New York, from 18|7 to 
1819, and from 1821 tfll823; was Presidential Elector 
in 1812, 1844, and 1852. Died in Utica, May 22, 
1857, aged seventy-six years. 

Hubbell, Edwin N.; was born in Coxsackle, 
New York, August 13, 1815; received an academic 
education; was chiefly devoted to the pursuits of 
maimfacturing and farming: held, for a time, the 
olHce of County Supervisor; in 1864 was elected a 
Representative from New York to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Manufac- 
tures, Expenditures in the War Department, and 
Free Schools in the District of Columbia. 

Hubbell, James R. ; was born in Delaware 
County, Ohio, in 1824; receixed an ordinary educa- 
tion; adopted the profession of the law; served four 
times in the State Legislature, twice as Speaker of 
the Honse; was a Presidential Elector in 1856; in 
18t)4 was elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
Thirty-ninth Congre-ss, serving on the Committees on 
the War Department and Agriculture; was a Dele- 
gate to the Philadeli)hia " Loyalists' Convention " of 
1866. 

Hubbell, Jay A..; was born in Avon, Michigan, 
September 15. 1S29; graduated ;it the University of 
Michigan in 1853; was admitted to the bar in 1855; 
removed to Ontonagon, Michigan, in 1855: was 
elected District Attorney of the U]>per Peninsula in 
1857 and 1859; removed to Houghton in 1860; was 
elected Prosecuting Attorney in 1861, 18()3, and 1865; 
was engaged in the practice of law until 1870; was 
elected to the forty-third Congress, and re-elected to 
the Forty-fourth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Banking and Currency, District of Columbia, 
and Mines and Mining: was re-elected to the Forty- 
fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses; de- 
clined a further re-nomination. 

Hubbell, Sidney A.; was born in Connecticut; 
emigrated to New Mexico; was appointed an Associ- 
ate .lusticeof the United .States Court tor that Terri- 
tory, residing at Santa Fe. 

Hubbell, ■William S.; was born in Kew York; 
was a memlier of the Assembly of that State in 1841 ; 
was a Representative in Congress from 1843 to 1845. 

Hubbs, Orlando ; was born in New York, Feb- 
ruary 18, 1840; received a good education; settled at 
Newberne, North Carolina; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from North Carolina to the Fort}' -seventh 
Congress. 

Hubley, Ed-ward B.; was a Repre-sentative in 
Congress from Pennsylvania from 1835 to 1839. 
Died February 23, 1856, in Philadelpliia. 

Hudd, Thomas R.; was born at Bufialo, New 
York, October 2, 1835; removed to Wisconsin in 
1853, and settled in .■Vpplefon, from whence, in 1868, 
he removed to Green Bay; w;us educated in the com- 
mon schools, printing oflice and Lawrence Univers- 
ity; studied law; was admitted to tlu- l)ar, and en- 
gaged in the practice of law: was District .\ttorneyot 
Outagamie County, Wisconsin, in 1856 and 1857; 



252 



BIOGKAPHIOAL ANNALS. 



was City Attorney of Green Bay in 1873 and 1874: 
was State Senator from the Tweuty-seKond District 
in 1862 and 1863; was a member of the State Assem 
bly in 1868 and 1875; wa? State Senator in 1876. 
1877, 1878, and 1870; was a Delegate to the Dcmo- 
■cratic National Convention in 1880; was again a 
State Senator in 1882 and 1883, and ivas re-elected; 
was elected a Representative from Wisconsin to the 
Forty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, to fill the va- 
cancy c.aused by the death of Honorable Joseph 
Eanicin, and took his seat March 8, 1886. 

Hudson, Charles ; was born in Marlborongh, 
Massachusetts, November 14, 1795; passed his youth 
.as a student in a village school, and also as a teacher, 
and at the age of twenty-one was a day laborer on a 
farm; in 1819 was licensed as a preacher of the Uni- 
versalist persu.ision; was a member of the ilassacbu- 
setts Legislature from 1828 to 1833; a State Senator 
from 1833 to 1839; a State Counselor from 1839 to 
1841; was elected to Congress in 1841, where he re- 
mained until 1849; was subsequently appointed 
Naval Officer for Boston, Massachusetts, by the Fed- 
eral Government, serving from 1849 to 1853; in 1864 
was Assessor of Internal Revenue at Lexington, 
Mass.ichusetts. 

Hudson, Silas A.; was a citizen of Iowa; in 
1869 was appointed Minister Resident to Guatemala, 
where he remained until 1872. 

Huf by, Jacob; was a Representative iu Congress 
ii-om New Jersey from 1809 to 1814 

Huger, Benjamin; was a Representative iu 
Congress from Soutli Carolina from 1799 to 180,5, and 
for a second term from 1815 to 1817. 

Huger, Daniel; was a member of the Conti- 
nental Congress; w;is a Representative in the Con- 
gress of the United States from South Carolina from 
1789 to 1793. 

Huger, Daniel Elliot; was a citizen of Charles- 
ton, South Carolina; graduated at Piinceton College 
in 1798; for nearly half a century was iilentified witli 
the public service of his State as a member of the 
Legislature, State Senate, and Judge of her Courts: 
was a Senator in Congress from South Carolina from 
1843 to 1846. Died in Charleston in August, 1854. 

Hughes, Charles; was born in Georgia; settled 
inNewYorl<; was elected .a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1853 to 1855; iu 1862 was 
appointed I'rovost-Marshal for the Sixteenth District 
of New York. B 0.^ CU^^u.^ ^O/Z-^'ny. 

Hughes, Christopher ; was a native of Mary- 
land; was a man of education and culture, and held 
the following diplomatic appointments: Secretary of 
Legation to Englaud in 1814; same to Sweden "and 
Norway in 1816; acted .as Charge d' Affaires in 1817, 
and commissioned as such in 1819; from 1825 to 
1830 ChuKje d' Affaires to the Netherlands, with spe- 
cial instructions to Denmark; from 18:!0 to 1840 was 
Charge d' Affaires to Sweden and Norway; re-commis- 
sioned in 1842; returned to this country in 1845. 
Died in Baltimore, September 18, 1849. 

Hughe?, George "W.; was l)orn in New York 
in 1806; was educated at the West Point Academy, 
where he graduated in 1827; adopted the profession 
of civil engineer, and was employed as such for some 
years in New York; in 1830 was appointed a Civil 
Engineer in the General Government, in which posi- 
tion he remained until 1838, when ho was trans- 
ferred to theCorpsi of Topographical Engineers in the 



Regular Army; resigned in 1851, and w.i-s made 
President of the Northern Central Railroad; iu 1859 
was elected a Representative from Maryland to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress; visited Europe to perfect 
himself in his studies; helped to locate the railroad 
across the Isthmus of Panama; served with distinc- 
tion in the War with Mexico, receiving two brevets. 
Died iit West River, Maryland, in 1870. 

Hughes, James ; was born at Hampstead, Mary- 
land, November 24, 1823; was educated at the State 
University of Indiana; began the practice of law at 
Bloomington, Indiana, in 1842; was appointed First 
Lieutenant of the Sixteenth Regiment of United 
States Infantry, one of the ten regiments in the Mex- 
ican War, and" served until the close of the war; then 
returned to the practice of law in Bloomington; in 
1852 was elected Circuit Judge for six years; in 1853 
was elected Professor of Law in the University of 
Indiana, and served three years; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Indiana in the Thirty-fifth Con- 
gress, serving as a member of the Committee on Ter- 
ritories; in 1861 was appointed, by President Bu- 
chanan, a Judge of the Court of Claims, which posi- 
tion he resigned in 1865; in May, 1866, was appointed, 
by President Jolmson, a Cotton Agent for the Treas- 
ury Department; subsequently settled in Washington 
City as an Attorney-at^law, but wiis soon afterwards 
elected to the Legislature of Indiana. 

Hughes, James M.; was a native of Kentucky; 
wa* a Representative in Congress from Missouri from 
1843 to 1845. 

Hughes, Robert W.; was boni in Powhatan 
County, Vii-ginia, June 6, 1821; was chiefly educated 
at the Caldwell Institute, North Carolina; was, for a 
time, a tutor in the Bingham High School; studied 
law and came to the bar in 1846, locating in Rich- 
mond; from 1853 until 1857 was the editor of the 
Richmond Examiner; wrote for two years for the 
Washington Union; attended the Charleston Conven- 
tion of 1860; subsequently wrote for the Republic and 
,'itatc Journal in Richmond; in 1873 was the Rejiul)!!- 
can candidate for Governor of Virginia, but not 
elected; in 1874 was appointed United States Dis- 
trict Judge for the Eastern District of Virginia; w.as 
the author of two biographies — of Secretary of War 
John B. Floyd, and of General Joseph E. Johnston; 
in 1879 published a popular treatise on the currency 
question, which was commended by the Comptroller 
of the Currency; between the years 1877 and 1882 
published five volumes of Reports of Decisions in 
United States Courts of the Fourth Judicial Circuit; 
the third of these Reports contains the decision of 
Judge Hughes in the taraous case of the Arlington 
estate, which decision was sustained by the United 
States Supreme Court. 

Hughes, Simon P.; was born in Tennessee in 
1830; attended school and college in his native State 
until 1849, at which time he went to Arkansas, set- 
tling in Monroe County; was Sheriff ol Monroe 
County in 1854 and 18.55; studied law; w,as admitted 
to the bar in 1857 and entered upon the practice of 
law; in 1861 entered the Confederate Arm}' as a Cap- 
tain ; soon after became a Lieutenant^Colonel ; on the 
re-organization of his regiment was left out, and re- 
entered the service as a private soldier; served 
ihroughout the war; was a Representative in the 
State Legislature of Arkansas in 1866 and 1867; in 
1874 was elected a Delegate to the State Constitu- 
tional Convention; in the same year was elected At- 
t trney-General of Arkansas, in which office he served 
two years ; in 1884 was elected Governor of Arkansas 
for the term of two years, and in 1886 was re-nom- 
inated bv acclamation, and re-elected. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



253- 



Hughes, Thomas H.; was a Representative in 
Congress from New Jersey from 1829 to 1833. 

Hushston, Jonas A.; was horn in Now York; 
•was a Representative iVoni that State to tlie Thirty- 
Ibnrtli t'onf;ress; in 181."> wa.s District Attorney for 
Delaware County ; was subsei[uently Marshal of 
Shanghai, China, where he died in 1862. 

HugTinin, Daniel, Jr.; was born in Montgomery 
Connty, New York; was distinguished as an ofScer 
in tlie war of 1812, and participated in the stirring 
events on the Niagara frontier, and the battle of 
Queenstown, with General Scott, where he was taken 
prisoner; was a member of Congress from New York 
from 1825 to 1827; a member of the New York Legis- 
lature, and at a later period United States Marshal 
lor the Territory of AVisconsin, under an appointment 
from President Harrison. Died at Kenosha, Wiscon- 
sin, June, 1850, aged fifty-nine years. 

Hulbert, John W.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Massachusetts from 1814 to 1817, hav- 
ing succeeded Daniel Dewey, resigned. 

Hulburd, Calvin T.; was born in Stockholm, 
St. Lawrence County, New York, June 5, 1809; 
graduated at Middlebury College. Vermont, in 1829; 
read law at Yale College; adojited the occupation of 
farming; was a member of the State Legislature 
from 1842 to 1844, and again in 1862; in the latter 
year was elected a Representative from New York to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Agriculture, and as Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Pul)lic Exjienditures; was re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
the Library, and as Chairman of the Committee on 
Public Kxpenditures, and also of that on tlie Custom 
House Frauds in New York; was re-elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committee on Re- 
construction ; in 1867 received, from Hamilton Col- 
lege, the degree of LL.D. 

Hulburd, Hiland R.; was appointed Deputy 
Comptroller of the Currency in 186.5, and in 1867 
was made Comptroller, remaining in office until 
1872. 

Hull, Noble A.; was born in Camden County, 
Georgia, JIarcli 11, 1827; was educated in his native 
county and at Savannah; became a merchant; re- 
moved to Florida; was a Representative in the 
Florida Legislature in 1860 and 1861; .served in the 
Confederate Army as Captain; was elected Lieu- 
tenant-Governor of Florida in 1876; was elected a 
Representative from Florida to the Forty-sixth 
Congress. 

Hull, William; was born in Derby, Connecticut, 
June 24, 1753; graduated at Yale College in 1772; 
<ame to tlie bar in 1775, but soon enteretl the Revo- 
lutionary Army as a Captain; was rapidly promoted, 
and became Inspector of the Army under Baron 
Steuben; was pre.sont at the battles of White Plains, 
Trenton, Princeton, Stillwater, Saratoga, Monmouth 
and Stony Point, and for his services at Morrisiana 
received the thanks of Washington ; two j'ears after 
his surrender to the British at Detroit was tried by 
court-martial and sentenced to be shot, but on ac- 
count of his age and public services the .sentence was 
remitted by President JIadison, by wliom he had 
been made Comiiiandei-in-( liief ; it is now agreed 
among liistorians tluit Ids reascms for giving up De- 
troit to the British Gener;d Brixk were not cowardice 
or disloyalty; in 1624 he publi.^hed a .series of letters 
in vindication of himseU'. Died at Newtown, Massi- 
cliusetts, November 29, 162o. 



Humphrey, Charles; was born in Haverford, 
Pennsylvania, about 1712; was brought up in the 
milling business, in which he was long and exten- 
si\ely engaged; was a patriot of the R'cvolution; » 
member of the Provincial Assembly from 1764 to 
1774, and a Delegate to the Continental Congress 
from 1774 to 1776; although he opposed the measures 
of Great Britain, lie voted against the Declaration of 
Independence. Died in Haverford in 1786. 

Humphrey, Herman L,; was born at Candor, 
New York, March 14, 1830; received a common .school 
and academic education; became a merchant's clerk; 
studied law; was admitted tothebarin 1854; removed 
to Hudson, Wisconsin, and commenced practice in 
1855; was appointed District Attorney; in 1860 was 
appointed County Judge, to till a vacancy, and in 
1861 was elected to the same oiSce for a full term; 
was elected State Senator, and resigned the ,ludge- 
ship in 1862; was Mayor of Hudson one year; was 
Circuit Judge from 1867 to 1877; was elected a 
Representative from Wisconsin to the Forty-lifth, 
Forty -sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Humphrey, James; was born in Fairfield, Con- 
necticut, October 9, 1811; in 1831 graduated at Am- 
herst College, of which his father. Rev. Heman 
Humplirey, was for many years President; in 1832 
had charge of Plainfield Academy, Connecticut ; 
studied law and commenced practice in Louisville, 
Kentucky, where he remained only one year; in 18.38 
removed to the City of New York, where he practiced 
his profession; in 1858 was elected a Representative 
from New York to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Foreign Afl'airs, 
and of the Select Committee of Thirty-three on the 
Rebellious States; was re-elected to tlie Thirty-ninth 
Congress; during the summer of 1865 visited Europe 
on a tour of pleasure; in the Thirty-ninth Congress 
served on the Committee on Commerce, and as Chaii'- 
man of the Committee on Expenditures in the Navy 
Department. Died in Brooklyn, New York, June 
16, 1866. 

Humphrey, J. M.; was born in Holland, Erie 
County, New York, September 21, 1819; received a 
common school education; adopted the profession of 
la%v; was District Attorney for Erie County in 1857, 
18.58, and 1859; was a member of the State Senate 
from 1863 to 1865; was elected a Representative from 
New York to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Commerce and the Special Com- 
mittee on the Civil .Service; in 1805 was President of 
the "Democratic State Convention"; re-elected to 
the Fortieth Congress, serving on the additional 
Committee on Expenditures in the State Dejiarb- 
ment. 

Humphrey, Reuben; w.is, for four years, a 
Senator in the Legislature of New York from Onon- 
daga County; was a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1807 to 1809. 

Humphreys, Andrew; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Indiana to the Forty-tbiirth Congress, 
to till the vacancy caused by the resignation of .James 
D. Williams, serving from December, 1876, to Man h, 

1877. 

Humphreys, Charles; was a Delegate from 
Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress from 1774 
to 1776. 

Humphreys, David ; was born in Derby, Con- 
necticut, in 17.53; educated at Yale College; in 1780 
became a Colonel and .Vid-de-cainp to Washington, 
with whom he resided for a considerable time; ia 



254 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANXALS. 



1784 accompanied Thomas Jefferson to Europe as 
Secretary of Legation; in 1786 was elected to tlie 
Legislature of Connecticut; was Minister to Portugal 
in 17!)1; to Algiers in 1793, and to Spain in 179G; 
commanded two Connecticut Regiments in the War 
of 181'2; acquired considerable fame as a writer, es- 
pecially of poetry, and a collection of his writings 
was published in New York in 1804. Died in New 
Haven, February 21, 1818. 

Humphreys, David C; was bom in Alabama; 
was appointed, by President Grant, from that State 
one of the Judges of the Supreme Court of the United 
States, for the District of Columbia. 

Humphreys, Jacob; was a Representative in 
Congress from Pennsjlvania from 1819 to 1821. 

Humphreys, Perry "W.; was a Representative 
in Congress from Tennessee from 1813 to 1815. 

Humphries, Benjamin G.; was Governor of 
Mississippi from 1866 to 1868. 

Hungerford, John N.; was born at Vernon, 
Oneida County, New York, December 31, 1825; grad- 
uated at Hamilton College in 1846; became a banker 
in 1848, and continued in that vocation; was a Dele- 
gate to the National Republican Convention of 1872; 
was elected a Representative from New York to the 
Fortv-fifth Congress. Died at Corning, New York, 
April 2, 1883. 

Hungerford, John P.; was born in 1769; was 
an officer of the Revolution ; a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1813 to 1817; Brigadier- 
General of Virginia Militia on the Potomac in 1814; 
commanding in support of Commodore Porter's artil- 
lery at the "White House," in September of that 
year. Died at Twiford, Westmoreland County, Vir- 
ginia, December 21, 1833. 

Hungerford, Orville ; was born in Connecticut 
in 1790 ; was a Representative in Congress from New 
York from 1843 to 1847. Died at Watertown, April 
6, 1855. 

Hunt, Carleton; was born at New Orleans, 
Louisiana, January 1, 1836; graduated from Harvard. 
College in 1856; received the degree of A.M. from 
that institution in 1859 ; received the degree of LL. B. 
from the Law Department of the University of Louisi- 
ana in 1858, and Wiis admitted to the bar in that 
year; in 1860 was a member of the Convention of the 
Constitutional Union Party at Baton Rouge, Louisi- 
ana; served as an officer in the Confederate Army; 
was State Administrator of the University of Louisi- 
ana in 1866; later was appointed, by the State Su- 
preme Court, a member of the Committee to examine 
applicants for admission to the bar; in 1878 was 
Chau'jnan of the Committee to organize the American 
Bar Association, and after organization, was Chair- 
man of the Committee on Legal Education; in 1872 
and 1879 was a member of the Democratic State Con- 
ventions of those years; in 1879 was Professor of Civil 
Law in the University of Louisiana; in 1880 was 
made Doctor of Laws by the same University; was 
elected a Repre.sentative trom Louisiana to the Forty- 
eighth Congress. 

Hunt, Hiram P.; was born in New York; was a 
Representative in Congre-ss from that State from 1835 
to 1837, and again from 1839 to 1843. 

Hunt, James B.; was a native of New York, and 
for many years law partner with Michael Hoft'man; 
removed to Michigan about the time of its admission 



into the Union, and was soon called to responsible 
public trusts; was a member of Congress from Michi- 
gan from 1843 to 1847. Died in Washington, August 
15, 1857, aged fifty-eight years. 

Hunt, Jonathan ; was a graduate of Dartmouth 
College in 1807; represented the State of Vermont in 
Congress from 1827 to 1832, serving on the Committee 
on Public Lands. Died at Washington, May 14, of 
the latter } ear. 

Hunt, Samuel ; was a Representative in Congress 
from New Hampshire from 1802 to 1805. 

Hunt, Theodore G.; was born in South Carolina; 
was a Representative in the Thirty-third Congress 
from Louisiana. 

Hunt, Ward ; was born in Utica, New York, 
June 14, 1810; always resided in his native place; 
graduated at Union College in 1828; turning his at- 
tention to law, attended the law lectures of Judge 
Gould at Litchfield, Connecticut; in 1838 was elected 
a member of the Assembly, and was re-elected in 
1839; in 1844 was elected Mayor of Utica; in 1865 
was elected a Judge of the Court of Ajiiieals of the 
State of New York, which position he held until 1872, 
when he was appointed a Justice of the Supreme 
Court of the United States; received from Union Col- 
lege and Rutgers College the degree of Doctor of 
Laws. Died March 24, 1886. 

Hunt, "Washington; was born at Windham, 
Greene County, New York, Augu.st 5, 1811; at the 
age of eighteen entered upon the stud.y of law, and 
was admitted to the bar at Lockport in 1834; in 1836 
was appointed first Judge of Niagara County; was a 
Representative in Congress from 1843 to 1849, serving 
during his last term as Chairman of the Committee 
on Commerce; in 1849 was elected Comptroller of 
New York, and in 1850 Governor of the State; was 
temporary Chairman of the last "Whig National 
Convention" ever held, in 1856; in 1860 was tend- 
ered the nomination for the office of Vice-Presi- 
dent, but declined ; after that time lived in retire- 
ment upon a farm near Lockport, dividing his atten- 
tion between his friends, bis books, and the pursuits 
of agriculture; was a Delegate to the " Chicago Con- 
vention " in 1864, and to the Philadelphia " National 
Union Convention " of 1866. Died in New York 
City, February 2, 1867. 

Hunt, William H.; was born at Charleston, 
South Carolina, June 12, 1824; (his mother was Lou- 
isa Gaillard, of a Huguenot family, sister of the Hon. 
John Gaillard, who was, for more than eighteen 
years, a United States Senator from South Carolina, 
serving, the greater portion of the time, as President 
pro ieiii. of the Senate ; his father, Thomas Hunt, was 
a lawyer and planter in the same State, to which he 
removed, in early life, from the Bahama Islands, 
where his ancestors, for several generations, had 
filled, alternately, the offices of Governor and Chief 
Justice of those possessions) ; he received a classical 
education, chiefly at Hopkins Grammar School, New 
Haven, Connecticut; was, for several years, a student 
in Yale College, but left before graduating; com- 
menced the study of law at the Yale Law School, 
and finished it in his brother's office in New Orleans; 
was admitted to the bar in 1845, and engaged in 
practice at New Orleans; was Acting Professor and 
Lecturer on Commercial and Criminal Law in the 
University of Louisiana in 1865 and 1866; in 1876 
was appointed Attorney-General of Louisiana, to fill 
a vacancy, and was subsequently elected to that 
office, serving until April, 1877; in 1878 was ap- 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



2.-.5 



pointed, by President Hayes, a Judge of the United 
■States Court of Claims; resigned in 1851, to become 
Secretary of the Navy in the Cabinet of President 
;Garfield; declined the appointment of United Statts 
Circuit Judge tendered him by President Hayes; in 
May, 1882, resigned his post in the Cabinet to accei)t 
the appointment of Envoy Extraordinary and Minis- 
ter Plenijiotentiary of the United States to Russia. 
Died at his post, February 27, 1884. 

Hunter, John ; wa-s a Representative in Congress 
from South Carolina from 1793 to 179"), and a S<'na- 
tor iu Congress trom that State from 17!)5 to 1796. 

Hunter, John W.; was born in the village of 
Bedford, Kings County, New York (now within the. 
limits of the city of Brooklyn), October 1.5, 1807; 
after devoting himself in various ways to nieasin-es 
which looked to the progress and advancement of his 
.native city, became identilied with the New York 
Custom House as clerk in 1831, and in l>i:17 as As- 
sistant .\uditor, in which position he continued until 
'his resignation in 1865; in 1864 his name was forged 
to tw(j checks for six thousand six hundred dollars, 
and four thousand two hundred dollars, on the As- 
sistant Treasurer of New York, and although a suit 
ivivs instituted by that otlicer, the entire innocence of 
Mr. Hunter was triumphantly vindicated, and the 
Treasurer not only acknowledged his error in the 
prenrises, but out of his own pocket paid all the ex- 
I)euses of the trial; this was considered one of the 
nuist remarkable cases of the kind on record, and 
only tended to brighten the fair fame of the tempo- 
rary victim; in 1865 accepted the position of Secre- 
tary of a Banking Institution iu Brooklyn; in 1866 
was elected, by a large majority, a Representative 
from New York to the Thirty-ninth Congress, in the 
place of .Tames Humphrey, decca.sed, serving on the 
Committees on Commerce, Banking and Currency, 
and Expenses in the Navy Department. 

Hunter, Morton C; was born in Versailles, 
Rijiley County, Indiana, February 5, 1825 ; went 
through a seientitic course of studies in the Indiana 
State University; studied law and graduated as a 
lawyer at the above institution; in 1858 was elected 
to the State Legislature; in 1860 was a Presidential 
Elector; in 1852 raised the Eighty-second Regiment 
of Indiana Volunteers, and as Colonel commanded it 
until the fall of Atlanta in 1864; also had command 
of a brigade under General Sherman in his march to 
the sea, and continued with the Fourteenth Army 
Corps until its arrival in Washington; in March, 
1865, wiis bre vetted a Brigadier-General; in 1866 
was elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committees on Ter- 
ritories and Mines and Mining; elected to the Forty- 
third and Forty-fourth Congresses; re-elected to the 
Forty-fifth Congress. 

Hunter, Naisworthy ; was a Delegate in Con- 
gress from the Territory of Mississippi from 1801 to 
1802. Died March 11, 1802. 

Hunter, Robert M. T.; was born in Essex 
County, Virginia, April 21, 1809; was educated at 
the University of Virginia; adopted the profession of 
the law, and came to the bar in 1830; served three 
years in the State Legislature; was first elected a 
Representative in Congress from his native State in 
1837, when he served two terms; was again eUfCtcd 
ill 1345, otliciating during the Twenty-sixth Congress 
as Speaker; in 1847 was elected a Senator in Congress 
for a long term, and re-elected for the term ending in 
i859. .serving iis Chairman of the Committee on 
Finance, and as a member of the Committees on the 



Library, and on the Pacific Railroad; was re-elected 
to the Senate in 1859, for another term, but was ex- 
pelled, July, 1861; took part in the Rebellion as 
Secretary of State, and a member of Congress in the 
Confederate Government; after the Rebellion was ar- 
rested as a pri.soner of State, but was released on his 
parole; in 1867 was pardoned by President Johnson. 

Hunter, Taliaferro; was a native of Virginia; 
in 1860 was appointed Fourth Aiulit«r of the Treas- 
ury, which position he held until 1861. 

Hunter, 'William ; was a member of the State 
Legislature in 1807 and 1809; a State Counselor in 
1809, 1814, and 1815; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Vermont from 1817 to 1819. 

Hunter, ■William ; was born in Newport, Rhode 
Island, November 23, 1775; graduated at Brown Uni- 
versity in 1791 ; went to Loudon and studied nu'di- 
eine, but .soon changed to the law, and entered at the 
Inner Temple in London; on his return to Newjiort, 
at the age of twenty-one, was admitted to the bar; in 
1799 was a Representative in the General Assembly 
of Rhode Island, and re-elected at diflerent jieriods 
from that time to the year 1811, when he was chosen 
a Senator in Congress, and held his scat until 1821; 
his speeches, especially those on the acquisition of 
Florida, and the Jlissouri Compromise, won him a 
high reputation as a sagacious statesman and a 
finished orator; in 1824 wa.s Charge d'Affaires to 
Brazil, an office which was, in 1842, raised to a full 
mission, and he was continued as Minister until 
184.5, when he retired from public life; resided at 
Newport until his death, which occurred December 
3, 1849. 

Hunter, "William; was born in Newport, Rhode 
Island, November 8, 1805; was the .son of the former 
Senator bearing the same name; in his fifteenth year 
entered the Military Academy at West Point as a 
C:ulet, but after two years was obliged to resign on 
account of an aflection of the eyes; subsequently re- 
sumed study in his father's office and prepared him- 
self for the legal profession, devoting special atten- 
tion to the French and Spanish languages; in 1826 
was admitted to the bar in New Orleans, where he 
had long intended to locate; in 1827 was attacked by 
the yellow fever, and returned to Newport to recruit 
his health; practiced law in Providence until 1829, 
when various circumstances induced him to accept a 
clerkship in the Department of State at Washington, 
acting chiefly as a translator; in 1852 was made 
Chief Clerk by Daniel Web.ster; in 1853 was offered 
the position of First Assistant Secretary, but de- 
clined; in 1866 was appointed Second Assistant Sec- 
retary of the Department, in which he continued 
until his death .July 22, 1886. 

Hunter, "William F.; was born in Alexandria, 
Virginia, December 10, 1808; had few educational 
advantages; practiced the trade of a cabinet-maker 
until 1840; having studied law, removed to Ohio; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1849 to 1853, after which he devoted him.self to 
his profession. 

Hunter, "William H.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Ohio from 1837 to 1839. 

Hunting-ton, Abel ; was born in Norwich, Con- 
necticut; at an early age removed to East Hampton, 
Long Island, and for sixty years was a practicing 
physician; ivas a Representative in Congress from 
New York from 1833 to 1837; was Collector of Sag 
Harbor under President Polk; member of the " New 
York Constitutional Convention " of 1846. Died at 
East Hampton, May 18, 1858, aged eighty-two years. 



236 



BIOGRAPHICAL A X N A J. S . 



Hunting-ton, Benjamin ; was a native of Nor- 
wicli, C'oniK'fticut; f^rarhiateil at Yale College in 17G1; 
practiced law in liis native town; was a member of 
the Continental Conjjress from 1780 to 1784. and also 
from 1787 to 1788; a Kcpresentative in Congress nnder 
the Constitution from 1790 to 1791; was a Judge of 
the Superior Court of the State from 1793 to 1798; 
was Mayor of Norwich for twelve years; received 
from Dartmouth College the degree of LL.B. Died 
in 1800. 

Huntington, Ebenezer ; was born in Norwich, 
Connecticut, December 26, 1754; graduated at Yale 
College in 1775; joined the army the same year as a 
volunteer; was soon commissioned as a Lieutenant; 
in 1776 was appointed a Captain, and also Deputy 
Adjutant-General; in 1777 a Major; in 1779 a Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel; was present at the surrender of Corn- 
wallis, at Yorktown ; was twice elected to Congress 
from Connecticut, serving from 1810 to 1811, and 
again from 1817 to 1819; in 1799 he was, at the 
recommendation of Washington, appointed a Brig- 
Eulier-General in the army raised by Congress when 
expectations were entertained of a war with France; 
he was one of tlie most efficient officers in the armj'. 
Died .June 17, 1834. 

Huntington, Elisha M.; was born in New York; 
in 1841 was apjioiuted Commissioner of the General 
Land Office, holding the position until 1842. 

Huntington, E. M. ; was an emigrant from New 
England to Indiana, and about the year 1844 was 
appointed United States Judge for the District of In- 
diana, residing at Terre Haute. 

Huntington, Jabez W.; was born in Norwich, 
Connecticut, November 8, 1788; graduated at Yale 
College in 1806; studied law at Litchfield, and com- 
menced to practice there, where he remained thh'ty 
years; in 1828 was elected to the State Legislature; 
in 1829 was a Representative in Congress, which 
office he filled until 1834, when he removed to Nor- 
wich ; I)ecame a Judge of the Supreme Court of Er- 
rors, and was chosen a Judge of the Superior Court 
ofhis State; was a Senator in Congress from 1840 
until his death, which occurred at Norwich, Novem- 
ber 1, 1847. 

Euatington, Samuel; -was born in Windham, 
Con lecticut, .July 3, 1732; although not liberally 
educated, he acquired a knowledge of law and early 
came to the bar; settled in Norwich and became emi- 
nent in his profession; in 1764 was elected to the 
General Assembly of the State; in 1765 was appointed 
King's Attorney; in 1774 was appointed a Judge of 
the Superior Court; in 1775 elected to the Council; 
■was a signer of the Declaration of Independence, and 
of the Articles of Confederation; was a Delegate to 
the Continental Congress from 1767 to 1784, serving 
as President in 1779; in 1784 was appointed Chief 
Justice; was Governor of the State ol Connecticut 
from 1786 to 1796. Died January 5, in the latter 
year. 

Huntington, Samuel ; was born in Coventry, 
Connecticut, October 4, 1765; was educated by his 
uncle, Governor Samuel Huntington, of Windham, 
Connecticut, and graduated at Yale College in 1785; 
■was admitted to the bar in 1793; removed to Ohio in 
1800 and settled near Paiuesville; was a Judge of the 
Court of Common -Pleas in 1802 and 1803; member of 
the Convention that framed the Constitution of the 
State in 1802; a Senator in the first Legislature and 
chosen Speaker; a Judge of the Superior Court, ap- 
pointed April 2, 1803; afterwards Chief Justice; 



Governor from 1808 to 1810; member of the Legis- 
lature in l>in and 1812; District Payma-ster in the 
war of 1813, with rank of Colonel. Died in Paines- 
ville, Ohio, June 8, 1817. 

Huntington, Sanauel ; was a Judge of the 
United States Court for the Territory of Michigan. 

Hunton,Eppa; -was born in Fauquier County, 
Virginia, September 23, 1823; studied and practiced 
law: was State Attorney for the county of Prince 
William from 1849 to 1862; -svas elected to the State 
Convention in 1861; entered the Confederate Army as 
Colonel of the Eighth Virginia Infantry; was pro- 
moted after the battle of Gettysburg, and served 
through the war as Brigadier-General; was captured 
at Sailor's Creek, in 1865, and imprisoned in Fort. 
Warren; was elected to the Forty-third and Forty- 
fourth Congresses, serving on the Committees on 
Jlilitary Affairs and Monuments; in December, 1875, 
was appointed Chairman of the Committee on Revo- 
lutionary Pensions; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth 
and Forty-sixth Congresses. 

Hunton, Jonathan G.; ■was born at Unity, 
New Hampshire, in 1781; was Governor of Maine in 
1S30 and 1831. Died in Fairfield, Maine, October 
14, 1851. 

Huntsman, Adam; was a native of Virginia^ 
was a Kepresentati\e in Congress from Tennessee 
from 1835 to 1837. 

Hurd, Frank Hunt ; was born at Mount Ver- 
non. Ohio, December 25, 1841; graduated at Kenyon 
College in 1858; adopted the profession of the law; 
was made a County Prosecuting Attorney in 1863; a 
State Senator in 1866; codified the Criminal Code of 
Ohio in 1868, which was duly published; in 1874 was 
elected a Representative from Ohio to the Forty- 
fourth Congress; was also elected to the Forty- 
si.iith and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Hurlbut, Stephen A.; was born in Charleston, 
South Carolina, November 29, 1815; liberally edu- 
cated; studied law, .and was admitted to the bar in 
1837; removed to Illinois, .settling at Belvidere; was 
elected to the Constitutional Convention of 1847; was 
a Presidential Elector in 1848; a member of the 
Legislature in 1859, 1861, and 1867; Presidential 
Elector in 1868; appointed Brigadier-General of 
Volunteers in 1861; commanded the Fourth Division 
at Pittsburg Landing, in 1862; was promoted Major- 
General in 1862; assigned to the commands of the 
Sixteenth Army Corps at Memphis, and of tlie De- 
partment of the GrrLf in 1664; was Minister Resident 
to the United States of Columbia from 1869 to 1872; 
■svas elected a Representative from Illinois to the 
Forty-third Congress, and re-elected to the Forty- 
fourth Congress, serving on the Committees on Rail- 
ways and Canals, Civil Service and Mississippi 
Levees; in 1881 was app. ated Minister Plenipoten- 
tiary to Peru. Died at his post April 3, 1882. 

Hutchins, John; was born in Vienna Township, 
Trumbull County, Ohio, .July 25, 1812; was chiefly 
educated by private tutors, although he spent one 
year at the Western Reserve College; studied law, 
■and was admitted to the bar in 1837; in 1838 was 
appointed Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas for 
Trumbull County, holding the position five years; in 
1849 was elected to the Ohio Legislature; served a 
number of years as a Bank Director; in 1858 was 
elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, serving as a member of the Committee 
on Claims; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con 



BIOUKAPHICAL ANXAl.S 



257 



{H'ess, serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Manufactures; was a Delegate to the Pliiladelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 1866. 

Hutchins, "Waldo ; was born at Brooklyn, Con- 
necticut, in 182;i; gnuluated at Amhei-st College; 
stuflied law, vias a<lmitted to the bar, and com- 
menced practice in New York City; was a member of 
the State House of Representatives of New York in 
1852, and of the State Constitutional Convention of 
1867; was elected a Representative from New Y'ork 
to the Forty -sixth. Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth 
Congresses. 

Hutchins, "Wells A.; was born in Hartford, 
Trumbull County, Ohio, October S, 181S; received a 
common school education; taught school for several 
years in Ohio and Indiana; studied law, and came 
to the bar in his twenty-third year; was elected to 
the Ohio Legislature in 1851; in 1862 was appointed 
one of the six Provost-Marshals for Ohio; was elected 
a Representative from (Ihio to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Commerce. 

Hutson, Richard; graduated at Princeton Col- 
lege in 1765; was a Delegate from South Carolina to 
the Continental Congress from 1778 to 177!), and 
was one of the signers of the Articles of Confedera- 
tion. 

Hutton, John E.; was elected a Representative 
from Missouri to tlie Forty-ninth Congress. 

Huyler, John ; was born in New York; having 
become a citizen of New .Tersey, w;is elected a Repre- 
sentative to the Thirty-tifth Congress from that State, 
and was a member of the Committee on Agriculture. 
Died in New York, January 9, 1870. 

Hyde, Ira B.; was born in Guilford, New York, 
January l^', 1838; received liis education at Obcrliu 
College, Ohio; studied law, and came to the bar in 
the spring of 1861, at St. Paul, Minnesota; entered 
the Union .\rmy in a Minnesota Cavalry regiment in 
Ir^'M; removed to Missouri in 1886, and engaged in 
the practice of law; was appointed Secretary and At- 
torney of a railroad in 1868; was Prosecuting Attor- 
ney in 1872; was elected to the Forty-third Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Elections. 

Hsnnan, John Adams ; was born in "Warren- 
ton, North Carolina, of slave parents, July 23, 1810; 
was self-educated, and after his emancipation, in 
1865, was engaged in mercantile pursuits; in the 
year last named became a member of the Board of 
Education for Warren County; w;us a member of the 
Equal Rights Convention of 1866; of the State Con- 
stitutional Convention of 1868; served in the State 
Legislature from 1368 to 1874; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from North Carolina to the Forty-fourth 
Congress; was Vice-President of the State Council of 
the Union League during its existence in North Car- 
olina, and a Delegate to numerous Republican State 
Conventions. 

Hyneman, John M.; was a member of the Leg- 
islature of Pennsylvania in 180!); was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Pennsylvania from 181 1 to 
1813, when he resigned, and D. Udree was elected in 
his place; in 1810 was commissioned Clerk of the 
Orphans' Court of Berks County, and remained in 
that olSce for si.x years; in 1814 was commis-sioned 
County Surveyor, and remained in that office for ten 
years. 

Hynes, "William J.; vraa born in the County of 
Clare, Ireland, March 31, 1843; came to the United 

17 



states in 1854; was educated in public and private 
schools until sixteen years of age; learned the art of 
printing in the otliceof the Springfield liepuMican, 
Massachusetts, and became a printer, lecturer, and 
editor; was a student at the law lectures at Columbia 
College in 1869; was admitted to the bar of Little 
Rock, Arkansas, in 1870; was elected to the Forty- 
third Congress, serving on the Committees on Public 
Expenditures and Territories; in 1875 removed to 
Illinois, locating in Chicago as a lawyer. 

Ihrie, Peter; was a native of Pennsylvania; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1829 to 1833. 

Ilsley, Daniel ; was born in Falmouth, Massa- 
chusetts, in 1741.1; wa.s a distiller by occupation; 
served three years in the State Legislature: was a 
Representative in Congress from Massachusetts from 
1807 to 1809. Died in 1813. 

Imlay, James H.; graduated at Princeton Col- 
lege in 1786; was, for a time, Tutor in that institu- 
tion; was a Representative in Congress from New 
.lersey from 1797 to 1801. 

Ingalls, John James ; was born in Middleton, 
Massachusetts, December 29, 1833; educated at WU- 
liams College; studied law and was admitted to the 
bar in 1857; removed to Kansas in 1858; was a mem- 
ber of the Wyandotte Convention of 1859; Secretary 
of the Territorial Council in 1860; Secretary of the 
State Senate in 1861 ; a member of the State Senate 
in 1832; editor of The Atchison Champion in 1863; was 
defeated for Lieutenant-Governor in 1862, and again 
in 1864: engaged in the practice of law; was elected 
to the I'nited States Senate for the term commencing 
in 1873 and ending in 1879, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Pensions, Education and Labor, and Indian 
AlKiirs; was re-elected for a second term of six years; 
in 1885 was again re-elected lor six years. 

Inge, Samuel "W.; was born in North Carolina; 
on removing to Alabama, was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress from that State from 1847 to 1851; 
then removed to California and practiced law. 

Inge, "William M. ; was born in Tennessee; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1833 to 1835. 

IngersoU, Charles Anthony; was born in 
New Haven, Connecticut, in 1798; studied law in the 
office of his brother, Ralph ,1. IngersoU; attained em- 
inence in his profession; held several offices of honor; 
was appointed, by President Pierce, Judge of the 
United States District Court for the District of Con- 
necticut. Died in New Haven, February 9, 1860. 

IngersoU, Charles J.; was born in Philadel- 
phia, Pennsylvania, October 3, 1782; received a lib- 
eral education; was a Repre-sentative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania from l>^13to 1815, when he was 
appointed United States District Attorney for Penn- 
sylvania, which position he held until 1829; in 1837 
was appointed Secretary of Legation to Prussia; was 
afterwards elected a Representative in Congress from 
1841 to 1847, serving as Chairman of the Committee 
on Foreign Aft'airs; lie published a "History ot the 
Second American War with Great Britain," and sev- 
eral other works of minor importance, including 
some poetry; also served as a member of various In- 
ternal Improvement Conventions; in 1847 was nom- 
inated, by President Polk, Minister to France, but 
was rejected by the Senate. Died in Philadelphia, 
May 14, 1862. Was brother of Joseph R. IngersoU 



2r>8 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



IngersoU, Charles R.; was born in New Haven, 
Connecticut, in 1820; graduated at Yale College in 
1810; studied law, and came to the bar in 1845; was 
fioiiuently elected to the State Legislature; was Gov- 
ernor of Connecticut from 1873 to 1876; his tlither, 
Ealph J., and his brother, Colin M., were both Rep- 
resentatives in Congress. 

IngersoU, Colin M.; was born in Connecticut in 
1830; received a liberal education, and adopted the 
profession of the law; was Secretary of Legation at 
>St. Petersburg, by appointment of President Polk; 
-^^'.■ls a Representative in Congress from Connecticut 
from 1851 to 1855. 

Ingersoll, Ebon C; was born in Oneida County, 
Now York, December 12, 1831; removed, with his 
lather, to Illinois, in 1843; finished his education at 
Paducah, Kentucky; studied law, and came to the 
Ijar in 1854; in 1856 was elected to the Illinois Leg- 
islatui-e; in 1864 was elected a Representative from 
Illinois to the Thirty-eighth Congress, tor the unex- 
pired terjn of Owen Lovejoy; re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on the District of Columbia; re-elected 
to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses, continu- 
ing at the he.ad of his old committee, while serving 
on various others. Died June 1, 1879. 

IngersoU, Jared; was born in 1749; graduated 
at Yale College in 1766; attained high rank as a 
lawyer; was a Delegate from Pennsylvania to the 
Continental Congress in 1780 and 1781; Member of 
the Convention which framed the Federal Constitu- 
tion, and signed that instrument; was for many 
years Attorney-General for Pennsylvania; was Judge 
of the Distiict Court of the United States at the time 
of his death, which occurred in 182)J; in 1812 was 
the Federal candidate for the office of Vice-Presi- 
dent; received from Yale College the degree of LL.D. 

IngersoU, Joseph R.; was born in Philadelphia, 
June 14, 1786; graduated at Princeton College in 
18(J4; was a lawyer by profession; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Pennsylvania from 1835 to 
1837, and from 1842 to 1849, and for a time Chair- 
man of the .Judiciary Committee; was appointed, by 
President Fillmore, in 1852, Minister to England; 
the titles of LL.D. and D.C.L. O.xon., were conferred 
upon him. Died in Philadelphia, February 20, 1868. 

IngersoU, Ralph J.; was born in New Haven, 
Connecticut; graduated at Y'ale College in 1808; 
served in the Legislature of Connecticut several 
years; was .a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1825 to 1833; in that year was appointed 
Attorney for the State; was appointed, by President 
Polk, Minister Plenipotentiary to Russia. Died in 
New Haven, August 27, 1872. 

Ingham, Samuel ; was bom in Hebron, Con- 
necticut, September 5, 1793; received a good En- 
glish education in Vermont; studied law in Connecti- 
cut, and was admitted to the bar in 1815; in 1817 
settled at Saybrook; from 1827 to 1835 was State's 
Attorney for the County of Middlesex, and again in 
1843 and 1844; was a Judge of Probate from 1829 to 
1833; Judge of the Middlesex County Court from 
1849 to 1853; was a Representative in Congress from 
( (innecticut from: 1835 to 1839, serving as Chairman 
of the Committee on Naval Affairs, and as a member 
of the Committee on Commerce; also served a num- 
Ijer of ye<ars in the Senate and House of Representa- 
tives of Connecticut; three years as Speaker, and 
w;isone year Clerk of the House; in 1837 was ap- 



pointed, by the State, as agent to prosecute certain 
claims against the United States, and was successful; 
in 1854 was a candidate for tlie office of United States 
Senator, and received the entire vote of his party in 
the Legislature, buf Senator Foster was elected; in 
1857 was appointed, by President Buchanan, Com- 
missioner of Customs. 

Ingham, Samuel D.; was born in Pennsylvania, 
September 16, 1779; received a good education; was 
for some years manager of a paper-mill in Eastern 
New Jersey; served three years in the Pennsylvania 
Legisl.ature; held for a time the office of Prothonotary 
to one of the Courts of that State; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Pennsylvania from 1813 to 1818, 
and from 1822 to 1829, .serving as Chairman of several 
Committees; was then appointed, by President Jack- 
son, Secretary of the Treasury. Died at Trenton, 
New Jersey, June 5, 1860. 

Innes, Harry; was born in Caroline County, 
Virginia, in 1762; in 1776 .and 1777 was employed by 
the Committee of Safety of Virginia to superintend 
Chipil's lead mines; in 1779 was appointed, by the 
Virginia Legislature, to settle land claims in the Ab- 
ingdon district; in 1783 was chosen Judge of the 
Supreme Court tor the District of Kentucky; in 1785 
and 1787 was Attorney-General of that State; waa 
.Judge of the United States District Court for Kentucky 
from 1787 until his death; in 1791 was one of the 
Jjocal Board of War to call out the militia on expedi- 
tions against the Indians. Died in Frankfort, Ken- 
tucky, September 20, 1816. 

Iredell, James; was born in Chowan County, 
North Carolina, in 1788; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1806; was, for several years, in the Legis- 
lature of that State; part of the time Speaker of the 
House; in 1812 commanded a Company of Volunteers 
which went to Norfolk to repel the British; in 1819 
was appointed Judge of the Superior Court; in 1827 
was elected Governor of North Carolina; was a Senator 
in Congress from 1828 to 1831; toward the close of 
his life was aReporterof the Decisions of the Supreme 
Court. Died at Edenton, AprU 13, 1853. 

Ireland John ; was born on the banks of Nolinn, 
in Hart County, Kentucky, .January 1, 1827; w.as 
edurat J in the common schools of that period 
and added largely to his information and knowledge 
by self- instruction; was appointed Dej)uty Sheriff of 
Hart County, while yet a minor; was made of legal 
age by special act of the Kentucky Legislature in 
order that he might fill the office of Constable, to 
which he was appointed in 1847, by the County Court 
of Hart County; studied law; in 1852 removed to 
Texas and settled at Seguin, where he continued to 
reside and practiced the profession of the law; in 1856 
was elected Mayor of Seguin; in 1861 was elected a 
Deleg.ateto the State Convention, by whose authority 
the State seceded; in 1862 entered the Confederate 
Army as a private soldier; served throughout the 
war, rising to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel; in 1866 
was elected a Delegate to the State Constitutional 
Convention of that year; in the summer of the same 
year was elected .Judge of the Second Judicial District 
of Texas; in 1872 was elected a Representative in 
the State Legislature; in 1873 was elected a State 
Senator; in 1875 was appointed an Associate Judge 
of the State Supreme Court; in 1882 was unanimously 
nominated a candidate for Governor of Texas and was 
elected; in 1884 was re-nominated by acclamation, 
receiving the unanimous vote of the Convention, and 
was re-elected Governor by a majority of 100,000 
votes. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



259 



Irion, Alfred B. ; was born in Avoyelles Parish, 
Louisiana, Feljiuary 18, 1833; his early educatior 
was acquired at a private hoarding school; in 1851 
entered the University of North Carolina, at Chapel 
Hill, in that State, and in 18r).'>, was graduated there 
from; the same year began the study of law; in 185' 
was admitted to the bar, and entered upon the prac- 
tice of law at Marksville, in his native parish; in 
1864 was elected a Kepresentative in the State Legis- 
lature; in 1879 six new .ludicial Circuits were estab- 
lished, by an act of the Legislature, the tribunals I'u; 
which were styled "Circuit Courts of Appeal," and, 
in 1880, Mr. Irion was elected one of the Judges ibr 
the Third District, for the term of four years; in 
1884 was elected a Eepreseutative from Louisiana to 
the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Irvin, Alexander ; was born in Pennsylvania ; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State troni 
1847 to 1849. 

Irvin, David; was appointed a Judge of the 
United States for the Territory of Wisconsin in 1837, 
and although the records show that David Erwin 
had previously ,been a Judge for the Territory o( 
Michigan, it is persumed the two names represent 
the same man. 

Irvin, James ; was born in Pennsylvania; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1841 to 1845. 

Irvin, ■William "W.; was a member of the State 
Legislature of Oliio; Judge of the Supreme Court ol 
the State; was a Representative in Congress from 
Ohio from 1829 to 1833. Died at Lancaster, Ohio, 
April, 1842. 

Irvine, ■William. ; was bom in Ireland; educated 
for the medical profession; served as Surgeon on 
board a Britisli ship, in the war wl-.ich began in 1754, 
and after the peace of 1703, settled at Carlisle, Penn- 
sylvania; in 1774 was a member of the State Con- 
vention; in 1770 served in Canada, and accompanied 
Colone;l Thompson from Sorelle to dislodge the 
enemy from Trois Rivieres; was taken prisoner June 
16, and remained such at Quebec until exchanged in 
1778: on his release was promoted to the command of 
the Second Pennsylvania Regiment; in 1781 the de- 
fense of the North-western frontier was intrusted to 
him, and he attained the rank of Major-General; was 
a Representative in Congress from 1793 to 1795; was 
a Commissioner during the ^^Hiisky Insurrection of 
1794; removed shortly after to Philadelphia, and was 
appointed Superintendent of Military Stoie?; was a 
Delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Con- 
gress^from 1786 to 1788; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1797. Died July 30, 1804, aged sixty-three years. 

Irvine, ■William ; was elected a Eepreseutative 
from New York to the Tliirty-sixth Congress, serving 
as a member of the Committee on the Militia. 

Irving, ■Washington ; was born in the city of 
New York, April 3, 1783; received an ordinary 
school education; in liis sixteenth year began the 
studv of the law, and in his niueteenth year became 
a writer for the local press; in 1804 visited Europe 
for his health, where he spent two years; on his re- 
turn to America, was admitted to the bar, but never 
practiced law; in 1807 began his career as an author 
by projecting a serial work called "Salmagundi," 
and his last work, the " Life of George Washington," 
was completed and published in 1859; between 
these two dates, ,he produced a large number of 
works, in all the departments of polite literature, 
which were eminently successful, and placed him in 



the front rank of American authors; the only public 
[jositions ever accepted by Mr. Irving were "those of 
Secretary of Legation to England in ly29, and Jlin- 
ister Plenipotentiary to Spain in 1842, and it was 
.luring his prolonged residence in this latter country 
;liat he collected the materials for several of his more 
important productions; by his pure character and 
lare abilities he won the universal resjiect and affec- 
tion of his countrymen, and died on November 28, 
iS59, at his residence, known as "Sunnyside," 
beautifully located on the Hudson River, which was 
the theme of some of his most delightful writings. 
His writings are too numerous even to be .specLiied 
in a brief record like the present. 

Irving, ■William ; was born in the city of New 
York, August 1(!, 1766, from 1787 to 1791 was an 
Indian trader on the Mohawk; was subsequently a 
merchant in New York City; was a Representative 
in Congress from 1813 to 1819, and a member of the 
Committee on Commerce and Manufactures; was a 
brother of Washington Irving, for whose "Salma- 
gundi" he wrote several poems and essays; was dis- 
tinguished for his colloquial powers, and was a poj)- 
iilar as well as an influential member of Congi-ess; 
resigned before the expiration of his term, on account 
of his health. Died November 9, 1821. 

Irvdn, Jared; wasborn in Mecklenburg County, 
North Carolina, in 1751 ; removed to Georgia at the 
age of seven; was for many years on the Indian fron- 
tier, and during the latter part of the Revolutionary 
War, was actively employed against tlie Tories and 
Indians; at the close of the war was a member of the 
State Legislature, and of the Convention which 
adopted the United States Constitution in 1789; was 
Governor of the State from 1796 to 1798; President 
of the State Constitutional Convention in 1798; was 
many years a member, and President of the State 
Senate; was again Governor from 1806 to 1809. Died 
at Union, Washington County, Georgia, March 1, 
1818. 

Ir"win, Jared; was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania from 1813 to 1817. 

Ir ■win, John N.; was appointed Governor of the 
Territory of Idaho for the term of four years from 
March, 1883. 

Irvrin, Thomas ; was born in Pennsylvania; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1829 to 1831 ; in the latter year was appointed, by 
President Jackson, United States Judge of the Wes- 
tern District of Pennsylvania. 

Irwin, ■William; was born in Ohio; after re- 
ceiving a good education, graduated from ilarietta 
College; taught school for a time; removed to Cali- 
fornia in 1852; turned his attention to the newspaper 
business, and became editor of the Yreka Union; 
served several times in the State Legislature; when 
a vacancy occurred in the Governorship in February, 
1875, was chosen President of the Senate, and acting 
Lieutenant-Governor; at the ensuing election, in 
September, was elected Governor of California. Died 
March 15, 1886. 

Irwin, ■William "W.; was a member of Congress 
from Pennsylvania from 1841 to 1843; from 1843 to 
1S47 was C/iarr/r. d' Affaires of the United States to 
Denmark. Died in Pittsbuig, September 15, 1856. 

Isacks, Jacob C; was born in Montgomery 
County, Penn.sylvania; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Tennessee from 1823 to 1833. 



2G0 



BIOGRAPHICAL A N X A L S . 



Ittner, Anthony ; was born at Lebanon, Ohio, 
October 8. lw:!7; reecived a eonimon school educa- 
tion; learned the trades of bricklayer and builder, 
and pursued those avocations; was elected to the 
City ('ouncil of Saint Louis, Missouri, in lH(i7, and 
re-elected in 18(jH; was elected to the State House of 
Kepresentatives in 18G8; was elected a State Senator 
in 1870 and re-elected in 1874; was elected a Repre- 
sentative Iroin Missouri to the Forty-tUth Congress. 

Iverson, Alfred; was born in Burke County, 
Georgia, December 3, 1798; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1820; was a lawyer by profession ; served 
three years as a member of the House of Representa- 
tives and one year as Senator in the Legislature of 
Georgia; was twice elected Judge of the Supreme 
Court of that State lor terms of three and four years; 
was one of the Eleetors-at-Large in the Presidential 
Klection of 1844; was elected a Representative to the 
Thirtieth Congress; in 1854 was elected totheUnited 
States Senate for six years from March 4, 1855, and 
for a long time acted as Chairman of the Committee 
on Claims, and as a mendjer of the Committee on 
Military Affairs and the Pacilic Railroad; withdrew 
in February, 18C1, and joined tlie great Rebellion. 

Ives, "Willard ; was born in Watertown, New 
York, July 7, 180(!; received a good English educa- 
tion; was a farmer by occtipation; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from New York from 1851 to 1853; 
in 1846 was elected, by the Methodist Episcopal 
Church, a Delegate to the "Christian World's Con- 
vention," which Wiis held in London. 

Izard, G-eorg'e ; was born in South Carolina in 
1777; received a classical education, and made a tour 
of Europe; was appointed Lieutenant of Artillery in 
1794; Engineer of Fortilications in Charleston Har- 
bor in 1798; Captain in 1799; aid to General Hamil- 
ton in 1799; vesigned in 1803; on the breaking out 
ol'the war of 18i'2 was appointed Colonel of Second 
Artillery; Brigadier-General in 1813; Major-General 
in 1814; disbanded 1815: was Governor of Arkansas 
Territory from 18'25 until his death, which occurred 
at Little Rock, November 22, 1828. He publisheil 
"Official Corres])ondenee with the "War Department 
in 1814 and 1815"; was the son of Ralph Izard. 

Izard, Mark W.; was appointed Governor of the 
Territor>- of Nebraska in 1854, and remained in office 
until 1857. 

Izard, Ralph ; was born near Charleston, South 
Carolina, in 1742; graduated at Cambridge Univers- 
ity, England; his grandlixther was one of tin; found- 
ers of South Carolina, and he inherited a large es- 
tate in land and slaves; visited England in 1771^ and 
the Continent in 1774; made a second visit to France: 
was appointed, by Congress, Commissioner at Ihe 
Court of the tirand Duke of Tuscany, and resided in 
Paris; sided with Arthur Lee against Silas Deane. 
Franklin, and the other A.,merican agents in France; 
returned to .America July 10, 1780; was instrumental 
in obtaining General Greene's appointment to the 
Southern Army, and pledged his large estate for the 
]iurchase of ships of war in Europe; was a Dele<'ate 
to Ihe Continental Congress in 1782 and 1783; United 
States Senator from 1789 to 1795; President of the 
Senate pro lem. during the lirst session of the Third 
Congress; was a distinguished and eloquent states- 
man; in the, judgment of Washington no man was 
more honest in public life; his correspondence from 
1774 to 1784, with a memoir, was published by his 
daughter in 1844. Died at South Bay, near Charles- 
ton, May 30, 1804. ■ 



Jack, "William ; was born in Pennsylvania; was 
a R<-i)resentative in Congress from that State from 
1841 to 1843. 

Jackson, Andrew ; was born at Warsaw Settle- 
ment, North Carolina, March 15, 1767; when four- 
teen years of age left the academy where he had 
been placed and entered the Revolutionary Army at 
the age of twenty-one established himseif as a law- 
yer in \\ estern North Carolina; when that part of 
ttie cfuintry became a Territory in 1790, President 
Wa,shington appointed him Attorney of the United 
States lor the new district; at the time that Terri- 
tory was formed into the State of Tennessee, he was 
a member of the Convention which drew up the new 
Constitution; was immediately chosen a Representa- 
tive in Congress, serving one term, when he was 
transferred to the United States Senate, where he 
eontinuecl until 1798; his next public position was 
that of Judge of the Supreme Court; having been 
chosen Major-General of one of the divisions of the 
Tennessee Militia, he retained the olBce until 1814 
when he went into the Regular Army with the same 
rank; was assigned to the command of the army at 
New Orleans, and January 8, 1815, obtained his 
lamous victory over the British; in 1817 and 1818 
conducted the Seminole War in Flor^la, and soon 
alter retired ti-om the army; in 1823 ^^ as again elected 
a Senator m Congress, and remained there two years 
having declined the mission to Mexico in the same 
year; m 1828 was elected President of the United 
.-.tales, and re-elected in 1832; the events which 
marked his administration were the difficulties ^vith 
Fiance, the suppression of the nullification move- 
ment in South Carolina, the Indian War in Florida 
and the removal of the deposits from the United 
States Bank; retired to private life in 183G, and in 
the peaceful shatles of the Hermitage in Tennessee 
died, June 8, 1845. 

Jackson, Charles; was Governor of Rhode 
Island for one year, beginning with 1845. Died in 
Providence, January 21, 1876, in the seventy-ninth 
year ol his age. 

Jackson, Claiborne F.; was born in Fleming 
County, Kentucky, April 4, 1807; emigrated to Mis- 
souri in 1822; served as Captain in the Black Hawk 
War; served for twelve years in the State Legisl.-iture, 
for a time as Speaker; was a prime mover in organ- 
izing the banking institutions of that State, and"was 
a Bank Commissioner; in 1860 was elected Go\ernor 
ofMis.souri; left the State on the approach of the 
Federal Army, and was deposed by a State Conven- 
tion; afterwards served for a short time as a General 
in the Confederate Army. Died at Little Rock 
Arkansas, December 6, 1862. ' 

Jackson, Da-vid; was a Delegate from Pennsyl- 
vania to the Continental Congress iiom 1785 to 1786. 

Jackson, David S.; was born in New York- 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1847 to 1848. 

Jackson, Ebenezer, Jr.; was born in Connecti- 
cut; w.as a Representative in Congress from that 
State, to fill an unexpired term, from 1834 to 1835. 

Jackson, Edward B.; was born in Harrison 
County, Virginia; was a Representative in Congress 
from that State, from 1820 to 1823, his first term 
having been in continuation of that of James- Pin- 
gale, resigned. Died September 8, 1826. 

Jackson, Hancock ; was acting Governor of 
Missouri in 1857. 



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<2.-^7^!^2^^?^^^i^^^^^::=:^^^c;^2 



^^'7<;?:Z>»^ 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



251 



Jackson, Henry ; was born in Devonshire, En- 
gland in 1778; emigrated to America at the age of 
twelve years; was educated by his brother, General 
James Jackson; was Professor of Mathematics and 
Natural Philosophv in the University of Georgia 
from 1811 to 1814, and from 1817 to 18-28; was Sec- 
retary of Legation to France under William H. 
Crawford, Minister; on his return, and the appoint- 
ment of Gallatin to France, he remained in the Lega- 
tion as Chiirf/i: iV Affaires until 1817, during which 
interval Gallatin was engaged in special negotiations 
with Great Britain; received the dwgrees of LL.D. 
and M.D. from Pliiladelphia College. Died near 
Athens, Georgia, April 26, 1840. 

Jackson, Henry Rootes ; was born in Athens, 
Georgia, June 24, 1820; commenced his education at 
Franklin College, Athens, Georgia; graduated at Yale 
College in 1839; was admitted to the bar, and was 
several years United States District Attorney for the 
State; was also at one time one of the editors of tlie 
Savannah Gtorgian ; was Colonel of a Georgia Eegi- 
ment in the Mexican War; was a .Judge of the East- 
ern Circuit from 1849 to 18.53, when he was ajiipointed 
Charge d' Affaires to Vienna, Austria; from 1854 to 
1858 was llinister Kesident; was a Southern Briga- 
dier-General during the beginning of the Kebellion, 
and had a command on the U])per Potomac; was the 
author of "Tallullah" and other poems; in March, 
1885, was appointed, by President Cleveland, Envoy 
Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to 
Mexico. 

Jackson, Ho-well E.; was born at Paris, Ten- 
nessee, April 8, 1832: received a classical education, 
graduating at West Tennessee College in 1848; grad- 
uated at the Lebanon Law School in 1S5G, and com- 
menced practice at .Jackson, Tennessee; removed to 
Memphis, Tennessee, in 1859; was twice appointed 
a Judge of the State Supreme Court; returned to 
Jackson in 187G; was elected a Eepresentative in the 
State Legislature in 1880; was elected a Senator of 
the United States from Tennessee for the term of six 
years from March 4, 1881; in March, 1886, was ap- 
pointed, by I'resident Cleveland, United States Dis- 
trict J udge for the Western District of Tennessee. 

Jackson, Isaac Eand ; was a citizen of Penn- 
sylvania; in 1841 was appointed Charge d' Affaires to 
l)cnmark, and died in oflice, July 27, 1843. 

Jackson, Jabez; was born in Georgia; was a 
l;i]iresentative in Congress from that State from 1836 
t.i 1839. 

Jackson, Jacob B. ; was born at Parkersburg, 
Virginia, (now West Virginia) April 6, 1829; received 
an academic education; studied law; was admitted 
to the bar in 1852, and engaged in tlie practice of la>v 
as a profe.ssion; from 18.'J2to 18G1 was Commonwealth 
Attorney lor the County of Pleasants, and from 1871 
tfl 1877 held the same position in the County of Wood ; 
was a member of the House of Delegates of West 
Virginia during the years 1875 and 1876; Mayor of 
the City of I'arkei-sburg in 1>79; in 1880 w;is elected 
governor of West Virginia for the term of four years 
from March 4, 1881. 

Jackson, James ; ivas born in Devon, England, 
in 1757, and came to this country in 1772; early in 
the American Kevohition joined the army; in 1778 
was made Brigade-.Major: in J781 commanded the 
l^ogionary Corps of the State of Georgia; when the 
British evacuated Savannah, July 12, 1782, he re- 
ceived the keys; for his various services, the Assem- 
Ij'y of the State presented him with a house and lot 



in Savannah; on the rctuiti of peace he engaged with 
success in the practice of law; in 1780 tbught a duel 
with Lieutenant-Governor Wells, whom he killed, 
but was himself wounded in both knees; was a mem- 
ber of the Convention whidi formed the first Consti- 
tution of Georgia; was chosen a Eepresentative in 
Congress in 1789 from Cioorgia, and alter tlie close of 
his tirst term successfully contested the seat of 
.^ntliony Wayne; in 1793 was chosen a Senator, 
which office he resigned in 1795; was one of those 
who voted tor locating the Scat of Government on 
the Potomac; was Major-General of tlie Georgia 
]\Tilitia; was Governor of the State from 1798 until 
his election as United States .Senator in 1801. Died 
March 18, 1806. 

Jackson, James ; was born in Jefferson County, 
Georgia, in 1819; graduated at the University of 
Georgia in 1837; studied law; commenced the practice 
in 1840; in 1842 was elected Secretary of the Senate 
of Georgia, holding the office one year; in 1845 was 
elected to the State Legislature, and re-elected to the 
same position in 1847; in 1849 was chosen, by the 
Legislature, Judge of the AVestern Circuit of his 
State, and was elected to the same office by the people 
in 1853, and again in 1857; in June of that year was 
nominated for Congress, resigning his judgeship, and 
in October following was elected a Eepresentative to 
the Thirty-fifth Congress, and was a member of the 
Ccmimittee on Claims and Eevolutionary Claims; 
■was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress; resigned 
in February, 1861, and returned to Georgia. 

Jackson, James S.; was born in Madison Coun- 
ty, Kentucky; adopted the profession of the law; 
served in the Mexican War as a Captain of Volun- 
teere; in 1861 was elected a Eepresentative from Ken- 
tucky to the Thirty-seventh Congress; while the Ee- 
bellion was progressing, recruited a regiment of 
Kentucky Cavalry; was subsequently appointed a 
Brigadier-General, and was killed at the battle of 
Perryville in 1862, while fighting in the ser\ice of 
his country. 

Jackson, John G.; was a Eepresentative in Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1795 to 1797, from 1799 to 
1810, and again from 1813 to 1817. 

Jackson, John J., Jr.; was born in Virginia; in 
August, 1861, was appointed, by President L,incoln, 
United States .Judge for the District of West Vir- 
ginia, residing at Parkersburg; had previously held 
the same office in Virginia. 

Jackson, Jonathan ; was born in Boston in 
1743; graduated at Harvard College in 1761; was a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress in 1782; United 
States Marshal from 1789 to 1791; Treasurer of Mas- 
sachusetts from 1802 to 1806; was Treasurer of Har- 
vard College from 1807 until his death, which oc- 
curred in 1810. 

Jackson, Joseph 'W.; was frefiuently a member 
of the City Council of Savannah: at one time Mayor 
of the city; served a number of year's in the State 
Legislature; was a Eepresentative in Congress from 
Georgia liom 1850 to 1853. Died at Savannah, De- 
cember 28, 1854. 

Jackson, Oscar L. ; was bom in Lawrence 
County, Penn.sylvania, September2, 18)0; w;us reared 
on alarm; was educated in Die common schools, at 
Tansy Hill Select .'School, and at Darlington Acade- 
my; was clerk in a store for a time; served in the 
Union Army from 1861 to 186.5, entering as Captain, 
and receiving the ]iromolious of M:ijor, Lieutenant^ 
Colonel, and Colonel by brevet; took part with tlie 



262 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Army of the Tennessee in the campaigns in Missouri, 
Tennessee, and Mississippi; also from Cliattanooga 
to Atlanta, the march to the sea, and throns^h the 
Carolinas. commanding his regiment during tlie lat- 
ter part of the war; was very severely wounded in 
battle at Corinth, Mississippi, October 4, 18(i2 ; 
studied law; was admitted to the bar at New Castle, 
Pennsylvania, in 18()7, and there entered upon the 
practice of law; was District Attorney from 1868 to 
1871. was County Solicitor from 1874 to 188(1; was a 
member of the Commission to codify laws and devi.se 
a plan for the government of cities of Pennsylvania 
in 1877 and 1878; was elected a Kepresentative from 
Pennsylvania to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Jackson, Richard, Jr.; was born in 1764; was 
a member of Congress from Rhode Island I'rom 1808 
to 1815; in early life was engaged in mercantile busi- 
ness, and was among the tirst in tliis country who 
embarked in the manufacture of cotton; he filled 
several important public offices, and was distin- 
guished for his benevolence. Died at Providence, 
April 18, 1838. 

Jackson, Thomas B.; was born in New York; 
■was a K'epresentative in Congress from that State from 
1837 to 1841; was also for three years a member of 
the Assembly of New York. 

Jackson, AAT'illiam ; was born in Massachusetts, 
September 6, 1783; was one of the pioneers of rail- 
road enterprise in Ma.^^sachn.setts; was a member of 
the State Legislature from 1829 to 1832; from 1834 
to 1837, and 1841 to 1843 was a Kepresentative in 
Congress from that State; at the time of his death 
was President of the Newton Bank. Died at New- 
ton, ila.ssachusetts, February 27, 18."?5. He was an 
earnest advocate of Temperance and Anti-Slavery. 

Jackson, W. T.; was born in Chester, Orange 
County, New York, December 29, 1794; received a 
common school education; was chiefly engaged in 
mercantile bu,siness; was Justice of the Peace several 
years in Havana, New York; held the office of County 
Judge four years; in 1848 was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress, and served one term. 

Jacob, Charles D.; was a resident of Kentucky; 
in October, 18-^.j, was appointed Minister Resident 
of the United States to Colombia, serving until Octo- 
ber, 1886. 

Jacob, John J.; was born in Hampshire County, 
Virginia (now ^Vest Virginia), December 9, 1829; 
graduated at Dickinson College, Pennsylvania, in 
1849; studied and adopted the profession of the law; 
was for several years connected with the State Uni- 
vei-sity of Missouri; was a memlier of the "West Vir- 
ginia Legislature in 1869; in 1870 was elected Gov- 
ernor of West Virginia for two years; was re-elected 
for the term of four years, beginning with 18.73. 

Jacobs, Ferris, Jr.; was born at Delhi, New 
York, March 20, 1836; graduated at AVilliams Col- 
lege; was admitted to the bar in 18,")9 and began the 
practice of law at Delhi; served in the Union Army 
fi-om 1861 to 1865, rising from the rank of Captain to 
that of Colonel and Brevet Brig.adier-General; was 
elected District Attorney in 186."i, and was re-elected- 
was a Delegate to the Kepubli<'an National Conven- 
tion of 18SU; was elected a Representative from New 
York to the Forty-seventh Congress. 

Jacobs, Israel ; wa.s born in Germany: was a 
Rc-vescntritive in Congress from Pennsvlvania from 
1791 to 1793. 



Jacobs, Orange ; was born in Livingston Coun- 
ty, New Yoik, in 1829; removed wdth his father to 
Michigan in 1831; was educated there; became a 
lawyer; in 18.52 emigrated to Oregon; was appointed 
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Washing- 
ton Territory in 1869, and settled there; in 1871 
was appointed Chief .Justice of the Territory; re- 
appointed in 1874, and held that position when 
elected a Delegate to the Forty-fourth Congress; re- 
elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Jacobs, S. D.; was born in North Carolina; in 
1851 was appointed, from Tennessee, First Assistant 
Postmaster General, which position he held until 
1853. 

Jad-win, Cornelius C; was born at Carbondale, 
Penu.sylvania, March 27, 1835; received a common 
school education; taught school and studied civO 
engineering and pharmacy; was a civil engineer from 
1857 to 1861; engaged in the drug business, locating 
atHonesdale, Pennsylvania, in 1862; served, for nine 
years, as a member of the District Board of Edu- 
cation, liiree years as President of the Board; was a 
Delegate to the Republican National Convention of 
18S0; was elected a Kejiresentative from Pennsylvania 
to the Forty-seventh Congress. 

James, Amaziah B.; was born at Stephentown, 
New York, July 1, 1812; received an academic edu- 
cation; removed to Sweden, Jlonroe County; st.idied 
law; was admitted to the bar in 1838 .-md commenced 
to practice at Ogdensburg, New York; in 1853 was 
elected a Justice of the State Supreme Court; re- 
signed in 1876; was elected a Representative from 
New York to the Forty-tifth and Forty-sixth Con- 
gresses. 

James, Charles P.; was appointed an Associate 
Justice of the Supreme Court of the District of Co- 
lumbia, December 10, 1879. 

Janies, Charles T.; was born in West Green- 
wich, Rhode Island, in 1806; received a limited edu- 
cation; early turned his attention to mechanics as 
connected with the cotton interest; wrote a series of 
papers on the culture and manulacture of cotton in 
the South; received the degTee of 51. A. from Brown 
University in 1838; was a Senator in Congress from 
1851 to 1857, from Rhode Island; subsequently in- 
vented a rifled cannon, and met Iiis death from the 
explosion of a shell of his own invention, while try- 
ing experiments at Sag Harbor, New York, October 
17, 1862. 

James, Darwin R.; wasbornatWilliam,sburgh, 
JIassachusetts, May 14, 1834, his ancestors liav'ing 
been among the earliest settlers of the St '.te; in 1847 
his parents removed to Williamsburgh, then a sub- 
urb of Brooklyn, New York, leaving him at school 
at Amherst, where he remained three years; in 1351 
became a clerk in a wholesale silk house on Broad- 
way, New York City; in 1858 engaged in the im- 
porting and jobbing of East Indian goods, in which 
his firm prospered and became one ot the leading 
houses of the country in that line; in 1868 made the 
tour of the world ; devoted much time to charitable 
and religious works; became a manager in many be- 
nevolent societies; President of a sa^^ngs bank; was- 
one of the founders of a dispensary ; oneof the found- 
ers, and Treasurer, of the Bureau of Charities of 
Brooklyn; served six years as Park Commissioner; 
becuime a Director in a Marine insurance company; 
Secretary of the New York Board of Trade and Trans- 
portation; a member of the Executive Committee of 
the New Yc^i-k Anti-Monopoly League, and an activ* 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



263 



worker in K-Uting the encroachments of large cor- 
porations; always declined political preferment; de- 
clined being a candidate for the Forty-seventh Con- 
gress; accepted a unanimous nomination, and was 
elected a Representative from New York to the 
Forty-eighth Congress: was re-elected to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

James, Francis ; was a native of Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1839 to 1843. 

James, Thomas L.; was born at XJtica, New 
York, March 29, 1831; received an academic educa- 
tion; was apprenticed to a printer; in 1851 removed 
to Hamilton, New York, and took charge of the 
Madison County Journal, which was, in 1856, con- 
solidated with the Democrallc lirptiblican: was made 
Collector of Canal Tolls, at Hamilton, in 1854 and 
1855; was appointed Inspector of Customs in the New 
York Cu.stom House in 1861; Weigher in 1863, and 
Deputy Collector in 1870; was appointed Postmaster 
at New York City, by President Grant, in 1873, and 
was re-appointed, by President Hayes, in 1877; was 
appointed Postmaster-General in the Cabinet of 
President Garlield, in March, 1881, and continued in 
that position in the Cabinet of President Arthur, un- 
til January, 1882, when he iesip;ned to accept the 
Presidency of the Lincoln National Bank of New 
York City. 

James, 'WlUiam H.; was Governor of Nebraska 
from 1871 to 1873. 

Jameson, John; was born in Kentucky; was a 
Representative in Congress from Missouri from 1830 
to 1831; again from 1843 to 1845, and for another 
term from 1847 to 1849. 

Janes, Henry F.; was born at Brimfield, Hamp- 
den County, Massachusetts, in October, 1792; stud- 
ied law in Montpelier, Vermont; was admittetl to the 
bar in Washington County in 1817, andcommeuced to 
practice at Waterbury in that year; I'rom 18'i0 to 
1830 was Postmaster at Waterbui-y ; was a member of 
the T^egislative Council from 1830 to 1834; was a 
Repiescntative in Congress from Vermont from 1834 
to 1837; was State Treasurer from 1838 to 1841; a 
iiiemberof the Council of Censors in 1848; a member 
of t lie Legislature from Waterbury in 1855. 

Jamag-in, Spencer; was born in Granger Coun- 
ty, Tennessee; graduated at Greenville College in 
1813; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 
1817; was United States Scmator from Tennessee 
from 1841 to 1847. Died in Mempiiis, Tennessee, 
June 24, 1851. 

Jarvis, Leonard; was horn in 1782; gra<luatod 
at Ihirvard University in 1800; was Slieriif of Han- 
cock County from 1821 to 1829; Collector of Customs 
for the Penobscot District from 1829 to 1831; a Rep- 
resei'tative in Congress from Main(^ from 1831 to 
1837, serving as Cliairman of the Committee on Naval 
Afiaii-s; from 1838 to 1841 held the otlice of Navy 
Agent for the port of Boston. Diedin Surrey, Maine, 
September 18, 1854. 

Jarvis, Thomas Jordan ; was born in Curri- 
tuck County, North Carolina, January 18, 1836; 
graduated from Randolpli M;Lson College in 1860; in 
1861 entered the Confederate Army as a private: in 
August. 1S61, was made a first Lieutenant; in 1863 
was promoted Captain; on May 14, 1864, his riglit 
arm was shattered by a bullet and he was compelled 
to .etire from the service; was a member of the State 
Constitutional Convention of North Carolina in 1865; 



from 1866 to 1868 was a merchant; meantime studied 
law; was admitted to the bar, and began the practice 
of law in 1868; in the same year was a Presidential 
Elector, and was elected a Representative in the 
Legislature of North Carolina; was re-elected to tho 
Legislature in 1870 and was made .^fieaker of tlie 
House; was a Presidential Elector in 1872; in 1875 
was a member of theState Constitution;il Convention; 
in 1876 was elected Lieutenant-Governor of North 
Carolina; in 1879 become Governor by the election 
of Governor Vance a United States Senator; in 1880 
was elected Governor; in March, 1885, was appointed, 
by President Cleveland, Envoy Extraordinary and 
Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States to 
Brazil. 

Jay, John ; was born in New York, December 
12, 1745; graduated at King's College in 1764; stud- 
ied law, and came to the bar in 1768; was a Dele- 
gate to the Continental Congress from 1774 to 1777, 
and from 1778 to 1779: in 1776 was recalled from 
Congress to aid in forming the Government of New 
York, and for that reason was not present to sign 
the Declaration of Inde])endence; from 1777 to 1779 
was Chief Justice of the State, but resigned to till the 
post of President of Congress; in 1779 was appointed 
Minister to Spain; was a Commissioner to negotiate 
peace with England; signed the definite treaty at 
Paris in 1783; was appointed, by Congress, Secretary 
of State; though not a member, he aided at the Con- 
vention which formed the Federal Constitution; also 
assisted H.imilton and Madison in editing the Fed- 
cmlisi; in 1789 wasappointed, by President Wa-shing- 
ton, Chief .Justice of the Supreme Court of the United 
States, which position he resigned in 1794 toaccept the 
mission to England, when he negotiated the treaty 
which bears his name; was Governor of New York 
from 1795 to 1801, after which he retired to private 
life. Died in 1829. 

Jay, John ; was born in New York City, June 
23, 1817; graduated at Columbia College in 1836; wa,s 
admitted to the bar in 1839 and practiced law; was 
a prominent member of the Union League Cinb of 
New York; was, for many years, a Manager and Cor- 
responding Secretary of the New York Historical 
Society, and a member of the American Geographical 
and Statistical Society; was the author of many anti- 
slavery addresses and pamphlets, and pamphlets on 
matters connected with the Episcopal Cliurch; also 
legal arguments, ]iolitical addresses, reports, etc. ; 
was appointed Jlinister to .•Vustria, April, 1867. 

Jayne, William ; was born at Springfield, Illi- 
nois, October 8, 1826; adopted the profession of 
medicine, and practiced eleven years in Springfield; 
in 1859 was elected Mayor of that city; was elected 
to theState Senate in 18()0 and 1861; during the lat- 
ter year was appointed Governorof Dakota Territory; 
in 1862 was elected a Delegate from Dakota to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress. .\fter occupying his seat 
for some time, he was superseded by J. B. S. Todd. 

Jefiferson, Thomas ; was born at Shadwell, 
Virginia, in 1743; his education was chiefly acquired 
from iirivate tutors, although he passed two years 
at the College of Williaifi and Mary; adopted the 
law us his profession; was a member of the Legishi- 
ture of Virginia from 1769 to the eommenceiiient of 
the .Xmericau Revolution; in 1775 w;vs a Delegate in 
Congress; on M.ay 15, 1776, the Convention of Vir- 
ginia iustriuted their Delegates to propose a Decla- 
ration of Independence; in June Mr. Lee accord- 
ingly made the niotiou, and it was voted that a com- 
mittee be appoi:.;-"! to prepare one; the committee 
was elected by ballot, and consisted of Thomas Jef- 



264 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



fei-son, Jolm Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Eoacr 
Slicrman, and Robert R. Livinsston; the Declaration 
was exclusively the work of Jefl'erson, to whom the 
ii<i;ht of draughting it belonged, as Chairman of the 
Committee, although alterations and amendments 
were made in it by Adams, Franklin and other 
members of the Committee, and afterwards by Con- 
gress; Jeil'erson retired from Congress September, 
1776, and took a seat in the Legislature of his State 
in October; in 1779 was chosen Governor, and held 
the oOice two years; declined a foreign appointment 
in 1776, and again in 1781; accepted the appoint- 
ment as one of the Commissioners for negotiating 
peace, but before he sailed news was received of the 
signing of the provisional treaty, and he was excused 
from proceeding on the mission; returned to Con- 
gress; in 1784 wrote notes on the establisliment of a 
money-unit, and of a coinage for the United States; 
in Jlay of that year was appointed, with Adams and 
Franklin, a Minister Plenipotentiary to negotiate 
treaties of commerce with foreign nations; in 1785 
was Minister to the French Court; in 1789 returned 
to America, and received from Washington the ap- 
pointment of Secretary of State, which he belli until 
December, 1793, and then resigned; in Septemlier, 
1794, when an appoii.tment was oft'ered him by 
Washington, he replied, "No circumstance will ever- 
more tempt me to engage in anything public "; not- 
withst:inding this determination, he suffered himself 
to be a candidate for President, and was chosen Vice- 
President in 1796; at the election, in 1801, he and 
Aaron Burr having an equal number of electoral 
votes for President, the House of Representatives, 
after a severe struggle, finally determined in his 
liivor; was re-elected in 1805; at the end of his sec- 
ond term he retired from office. Died July 4, 1826, 
at one o'clock in the afternooon, just fifty j'ears from 
tile date of the Declaration of Independence. It is 
a most remarkable fact that on the same day .Tohn 
Adams, a signer with Jefl'erson of the Declaration, 
the second on the Committee for drauglitiug it, and 
.Jelier.son's immediate predecessor in the office of 
President, also died. Jeft'erson's publications were; 
"Summary View of the Rights of British America," 
1774; "Declaration of Independence, " 1776; "Notes 
on Virginia," 1781; "Manual of Parliamentary 
Practice, for the U.se of the Senate"; "Lite of Cap- 
tain [;ewis," 1814; and some papers of a philosophical 
character. His works, chiefly letters, were first i)ub- 
lished by his grandson, Thomas Jefl'erson Randolph, 
1829, and a complete edition, by order of Congress, 
in nine volumes, in 1853. 

Jeffords, Elza ; was born in Lawrence County, 
Ohio, near tlie present town of fronton, in 1826; re- 
moved, with his parents, to Portsmouth, Oliio, in 
1828; received a common .school education; stiulied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1847; settled in 
Mi.ssissippi in 1864; was Judge of the High Court of 
Errors and Appeals of the State in 186H and 1869; 
engaged in the practice of Ins profession and in 
planting; was a member of the Board of License 
(Jommissioners for District No. 2 for four years; was 
ek-^ed a Representative from Mississippi to the 
For. >• -eighth Congress, t, .,^ . . 

Jeffries, Noah L.; was born in Pennsylvania in 
1828; was educated and admitted to the bar in Ohio, 
where he practiced his profession until 1861, when 
he entered the Union Army and served during tlie 
Rebellion; was .Assistant Provost Jlarshal General of 
the United States during 1864 and 1865; was Regis- 
ter of tlie United States Treasury from Septeiiiber, 
1867 to March, 18(i9. 



Jenckes, Thomas A.; was born in Providence, 
Rhode Island, in 1818; graduated at Brown Univers- 
ity in 1838; studied law, and practiced the profes- 
sion until elected, in 1863, a Representative from 
Rhode Island to the Thirty- eighth Congress, serving 
as Chairman of the Committee on Patents, and the 
Special Committee on the Bankrupt Law, having 
drawn up the bill on that subject; was re-elected to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Retrenchment, the Death of President Lin- 
coln, and as Chairman of the Committee on Patents, 
and also Chairman of a Special Committee on the 
Ciril Service; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 1866; was re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Retrenchment and Revision of Laws; re-elected 
to the Forty-first Congress, serving on important 
Committees. Died in Cumberland, Rhode Island, 
November 4, 1875. 

Jenifer, Daniel, of St. Thomas ; was a Dele- 
gate from Maryland to the Continental Congress from 
1778 to 1782; was also a member of the Convention 
which formed the Federal Constitutiou, and signed 
that instrument; his son, liearing the same name, 
was a member of the Federal Congress. 

Jenifer, Daniel ; was frequently a member of 
the State Legislature of Maryland; represented that 
State in Congress from 1831 to 1833, and irom 1835 
to 1841; during the administrations of I'residents 
Harrison and Tyler was the United States Minister 
to Austria. Died December 18, 1855, near Port To- 
bacco, Maryland. 

Jenison, Silas H.; was born in Shoreham, 
Vermont, in 1791; was Lieutenant-Governor in 1835; 
was Governor of Vermont from 1835 to 1841. Died 
at Shoreham, Vermont, September 30, 1849. 

Jenkins, Albert G.; was born in Cabell County, 
Virginia, November 10, 1830; graduated at Jefl'erson 
College, Pennsylvania, and in law at Cambridge, in 
1850; never practiced law, but devoted himself to 
agricultural pursuits; was a member of the Cincin- 
nati " National Convention" in 1856; was elected a 
Representative from Virginia to the Thirty-fifth 
Congress, serving as a member of the Committee on 
the Militia; re-eiected to the Thirty -sixth Congress, 
serving on the same Committee; subsequently served 
as a Brigadier-General in tlie Confederate service, 
and was killed at the Battle of the Wilderness. 

Jenkins, Charles J.; was born in South Caro- 
lina in 1805; graduated at Union College, New York, 
in 1825; served several terms as a Rejiresentative in 
the State Legislature, four terms as Speaker of the 
Hou.se; in 1831 was elected Attorney-General of the 
State; in 1853 was an unsuccessful candidate for 
Governor; in 1858 w'as tendered the post of .Secretary 
of the Interior in the Cabinetof President Buchanan, 
but declined; was a Judge of the Supreme Court of 
the Southern Confederacy; in 1865 was elected Gov- 
ernor of Cieorgia for the term of two years. Died at 
.Somerville, Georgia, June 14, 1883. 

Jenkins, Lemuel ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York, from 1823 to 1825. 

Jenkins, Robert; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania, from 1807 to 1811. 

Jenkins, Timothy; was born in Barre, Worces- 
ter County, Ma.ssachusetts, January 29, 1799; re- 
ceived an academic education; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1824, practicing his profession 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



265 



in Oneid;i County, New York: was District Attorney 
for that county six years, and resigned tlie ollice on 
being elected a Representative in the Twenty-ninth 
Congress; was re-elected to the Thirtieth and Thirty- 
second Congresses. Died at Martinsburg, New York, 
December 24, ls.")9. 

Jenks, George A.; was born in .Tefferson Coun- 
ty, Pennsylvania, March 2(5, 1836; graduated at 
.lefl'erson College in 1S53; studied law, and wa.s ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1859; engaged in the practice of 
his inofcssion in the town of Brookville; was elcc^ted' 
a Representative from Pennsylvania to tlie Forty- 
fouith Congress; in December, 1875, was appointed 
Chairman of the Committee on Invalid Pensions; on 
July 1, 1885, was appointed, by President Cleve- 
land, Assistant Secretary of the Department of the 
Interior. 

Jenks, Joseph; was born in Pawtucket, Rhode 
Island, in Itjoli; was Deputy Governor of Rhode 
Island; was Governor from 1727 to 1732: he wa.s 
the tallest man in Rhode Island, standing seven feet 
and two inches in his stockings. Died June 15, 
1740. 

Jenks, Michael H.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1843 to 1845. 

Jenness, Benning "W.; was Judge of Probate in 
Stratlbrd County, New Hampshire, from 1S41 to 1^15; 
■was a Senator in Congiess from New Hampshire dur- 
ing the years 1845 and 1846. 

Jennings, David ; was born in Hunterdon 
County, New Jersey; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Ohio from 1825 to 1826. 

Jennings, Jonathan ; was born in Hunterdon 
County, New Jersey; was the '^rs^ Governor in 
Indiana: w;»s elected a Representative in Congress 
from that State from 1809 to 1816, and from 1822 to 
1831; in 1818 was appointed, by President Monroe, 
Indian Commissioner. Died near Charlestown, 
Clarke County, IndianiOJoilj^, 1834. 

Jerome, David HoTwell ; was born at Detroit, 
Jlichigari, November 17, 1829; passed his infancy in 
the State of New Y'ork; returning to Michigan, with 
liis widowed mother, in 1834, and locating in St. 
Clair County; in 18.53 went to California and remained 
one year; in 1854 return: to Michigan and settled at 
.Saginaw in the business of merchandizing; was a 
State Senator from 1862 to 1868; in 1865 and 1866 was 
Militaiy Aid to the Governor; was President of the 
State jiilitary Board from 1865 to 1873; in the latter 
year was appointed a member of the State Constitu- 
tional Commission; in 1875 was appointed a member 
of the Board of I'nited States Indian Commissioners; 
was Governor of Michigan from 1881 to 1883. 

Jeter, Thomas B.; was born in 1825; was a resi- 
dent of Union. South Carolina; was a lawyer by pro- 
fession; served se\eral terms as State Senator; was 
President of the Senate at the time of the resignation 
of Go\ernor Simpson, in .Vugust, 1880, and, by virtue 
of his otKce, became Governor of the State; resigned 
in December, 1880, to accept the position of Chief 
Justice of the Stat« Supreme Court; in 1883 was ap- 
pointed one of the lvailro;ul Commissioners of the 
State. Died at his home May 20, 1883. 

Je'well, Marshall ; was born in Winchester, New 
Hampshire, October 20, 1825; was brought up a tan- 
ner; studied telegraphy and electricity in Boston, 
and superintended the construction of lines between 



Louisville and New Orleans; in 1850 commenced, in 
Hartlbrd, the business of manufacturing leather-belt- 
ing; was Governor of Connecticut I'rom 1868 to 1870; 
was appointed Minister Plenipotentiary to Russia ia 
1873; in 1874 was appointed Postmaster-General in 
the Cabinet of President Grant. Died February 10, 
18S3. 

Je'wett, C C; was an early emigrant to .\rk- 
ansas; was appointed a Justice of the United States 
Court for that Territory; after it became a State, 
continued on the Bench as Judge of the United States 
District Court. 

Je'wett, Freeborn G-.; was born in New York; 
was a member of the Assembly of that State in ]f^26 
and 1827; was a Representative in Congress from 1831 
to 1833; from 1846 to 1856 was a Judge of the Su- 
preme Court of New York. Died February 23, 1858, 
aged sixty-eight years. 

Jewett, Hugh J.; was born at Deer Creek, 
Harford County, Maryland; received a good educa- 
tion; studied law in Cecil County; left Maryland in 
early manhood, and removed to Ohio, where he prac- 
ticed his profession; held no public position until 
1872, when he was elected a Representative from 
Ohio to the Forty-fourth Congress; soon re-signed to 
accept the position of President of the Erie Railroad 
Company. 

Je'wett, Joshua H. ; was born at Deer Creek, 
Harford County, Maryland, September 13, 1812; 
adopted the profession of the law; removed to Ken- 
tucky; was elected a Representative I'rora that State 
to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses, 
and was Chairman of the Committee on Invalid 
Pensions. 

Je'wett, Luther; was born in Cantc' wry, Con- 
necticut, December 24, 1772; graduated at K-utniouth 
College in 1795; was both a clergyman and a jihysi- 
cian; was, for fifteen years, a member of the Vermont 
Legislature; was a Representative in Congress from 
Vermont from 1815 to 1817. Died March 8, 1860, 
aged eighty-seven years. 

Je'witt, Albert G.; was a citizen of Maine; in 
1845 was appointed Charge d' Aff'airc.i to Peru, where 
be remained until 1847, when he returned home. 

Johns, Kensey ; was born in Delaware, Decem- 
ber lu, 1791; graduated at Princeton College in 1810; 
studied law and was ailniittcd to pr:ictice in 1813; 
was ;i Representative in Congress from ])elaware from 
1S27 to 1831; in 1632 was ;ippointed Chancellor of 
the State of Delaware, in which cap.icity he was still 
serving at the time of his dcalli, which occurred at 
New Castle, March 28, 1857; a peisou bearing this 
name was appointed to the Senate I'rom Dehiwarc in 
1794, but was not admitted; he was the father of 
the above, and also filled the position of ClwmccUor 
of the State. 

Johnson, Alexander S.; was born in Itica, in 
1822; received a liberal education; stiulicd law. and 
settled in New York City; in 1S52 was elected to I he 
Bench of the Court of Appeals, and removed to Al- 
bany, serving one term; subsciiucntly returned to 
his native town; in 1873 was appointed a Commis- 
sioner of -•Vppeals, to fill a vacancy; before the close 
of the year was re-appointed a Judge of the Court of 
Appeals, holding the ollice until December, 1874; 
in October, ls75. was appointed United States .Indg9 
for the Second Circuit, in the place of L. B. ^Vood• 
ruti' deceased. 



2G6 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Jolmson, Andrew ; was born in Raleigh, Nortb 
Carolina, December 29, 1808; when ten years of age 
■was apprenticed to a tailor, and worked at that busi- 
ness, in his native town, until his seventeenth year; 
never attended school, but acquired a good English 
education by studvine alone; removed to Greenville, 
Tennessee; was elected Mayor of that place in 18:!0; 
was elected to the State Legislature in 1835; to the 
State Senate in 1841; was a Representative m Con- 
gress from Tennessee from 1843 to 1853, serving on 
various important committees; during the latter 3'ear 
was chosen Governor of Tennessee, and re-elected in 
1S55; was elected a Senator in Congress m 18a7 lor 
the term ending in 1863, serving on the Committees 
on Public Lands and the District of Columbia; in 
1862 resigned his seat in the Senate, and was ap- 
pointed, by President Lincoln, Military Governor^ ot 
Tennessee; by the " Baltimore Convention " of 18()4 
was nominated for the office of Vice-President ot the 
United States, and duly elected; on the death ot 
Abraham Lincoln, April 15, 1865, took the prescribed 
oath and entered upon his duties as President ot the 
United States; his life and speeches have been pub- 
lished in a variety of editions; in 1866 received from 
the University of North Carolina the clegree of LL.D. ; 
on February 22, 1868, the House of Representatives 
adopted articles of impeachment against him, Ibuud- 
ed chiefly upon his alleged misconduct under the 
Tenure-of-Office P.ill; only one Republican. S. F. Car^•, 
and one Conservative Republican, T. E. Stewart, 
voted against the measure; on being tried by the 
Senate, organized as a High Court of Impeachment, 
the necessary two-thirds vote could not be secured, 
and he was "acquitted; the Democrats who voted for 
his acquittal were Senators Bayard, Buckalew, Davis 
McCreery, Hendricks, Johnson, Patterson of Tennes- 
see, Sauisbury, and Vickers; and those elected to the 
Senate as Republicans, who voted with them, were 
Senators 1 >ixoii, Doolittle, Fessenden, Fowler, Grimes, 
Henderson, Norton, Ross, Trumbull, and Van AVin- 
kle; the l.'cpublicans who voted for conviction were 
Senators Anthony, Cameron, Cattell, Chandler, Cole, 
Coiikling, Conness, Corbett, Cragin, Drake, Ed- 
munds, ' Ferry, Frelinghuysen, Harlan, Howard, 
Howe, Morgan, Morrill of Vermont, Morrill of 
Maine, Morton, Nye, Patterson of New Hampshire, 
Pomeroy, Ramsey, Sherman, Sprague, Stewart, Sum- 
ner. Thayer, Tipton, Willey, AYUliams, Wilson, Yates, 
and Wade, the President of the Senate «ro ttm.; Mr. 
Johnson was agaui elected to the United States Sen- 
ate for the term commencing in 1875; occupied his 
seat during the extra session of the Senate. Died in 
Carter County, Tennessee, July 31, 1875. 

Johnson, Benjamin ; was an early emigrant to 
the Territory of Arkansas; in 1821 was appointed 
United States Judge for that Territory, serving in 
that capacity until 1633. 

Johnson, Cave ; was born in Robertson County, 
Tennessee, January 11, 1793; received a liberal edu- 
cation, and adopted the profession of the law; was a 
Circuit Judge for several years; was a Representative 
in Congress from Tennessee from 1829 to 1837, and 
again from 1839 to 1845, after which he went. into 
tlTe C.ibinet of President Polk, as Postmaster-General; 
also held, tor many year.s, the jjosition of President 
of the Bank of Tennessee, which he resigned in 
1359. Died in Clarksville, Tennessee, November 23, 
1866. 

Johnson, David; was born in Virginia in 1782; 
was admitted to the bar in South Carolina in 1865; 
was a member of the Legislature of that State in 
1812; Solicitor of the Middle Circuit, Union District, 



from 1812 to 1815; Circuit Judge from 1815 to 1824; 
Judge of the Court of Appeals from 1824 to 1835; 
Chancellor from 1835 to 1846; Governor of South Car- 
olina from 1846 to 1848. Died at Limestone Springs, 
South Carolina, January 7, 1855. 

Johnson, D. B.; was born in New York; was ap- 
pointed an Associate Justice of the United States for 
the Territory of New Mexico, residing at Santa Fe. 

Johnson, Francis ; was born in Caroline County, 
Virginia; was a Representative in Congress from Ken- 
tucky in 1820, in the place of D. Walker, deceased, 
and from 1821 to 1827. 

Johnson, Frederick A.; was born at Glens 
Falls, New York, January 2, 1833; received a com- 
mon school and academic education; became a clerk 
in the Glens Falls Bank in 1852; was afterwards 
Cashier of the Commercial Bank of Glens Falls; in 
1871 engaged in the business of private banking at 
Glens Fall's; was elected a Representative Irom New 
York to the Forty-eiglith Congress; was re-elected to 
the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Johnson, Harvey H.; was born in Vermont; re- 
moved to Ohio; was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1853 to 1855. 

Johnson, Henry; was born in Tennessee, Sep 
tember 14, 1783; studied law in Louisiana; was Clerk 
of the Second Superior Court of Orleans Territory in 
1809; Judge of the Parish Court of St. Mary, May 1, 
1811; member of the " Constitutional Convention" 
of Louisiana in 1812; ran for Congress in 1812, but 
was defeated; was elected a Senator in Congress in 
1818 for the unexpired term of W. C. C. Claiborne, 
deceased, and held that position until 1824, in which 
year he was elected Governor of Louisiana; in 1826 
was re-elected, holding that office for four consecu- 
tive years; in 1829 was defeated for the United 
States Senate, by Edward Livingston; was a Repre- 
sentative from Louisiana to the Twenty-fourth and 
Twenty-fifth Congresses; in 1842 was a candidate for 
Governor, but was defeated by Alexander Mouton; 
in 1844 was elected to fill tlie vacancy in the United 
States Senate caused by the death of A. Porter, under 
which election he sat in the Senate until March, 
1849; was the head of the Whig party in Louisiana. 
Died July 31, 1861. 

Johnson, Henry C; was born at Pittsburgh, 
Pennsylvania, March 29, 1826; his father being at 
that time an officer of the army and stationed at that 
post; in 1837 removed to Meadville, Pennsylvania, 
where he received an academic and collegiate educa- 
tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and com- 
menced practice at Meadville; at an early age entered 
politics and at once became a leader; was frequently 
a Delegate to County and State Conventions; held a 
number of important public positions, among which 
were those of Attorney-General of New Mexico, Dis- 
trict and Prosecuting Attorney for Crawlbrd County, 
Pennsylvania; Representative in the State Legisla- 
ture for several terms, during one of which he w.as 
Speaker of the House; was Chairman of the Judi- 
ciary Committee of the House, and one of the Joint 
Committee to revise the work of the Commission tijr 
the Codification of the Laws; was one of the Com- 
mittee of Seven for conducting Sir. Lincoln's second 
canvass in Pennsylvania; was President of the .State 
Convention which nominated General Hartranft for 
Auditor-General; w.as a Presidential Elector in 1872; 
in April, 1874, was appointed Commissioner of Cus- 
toms in the Treasury Department at Washington, in 
which office he served until April, 1885, when he re- 
signed. 





'^^^-^i^^'^T^ 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



267 



Johnson, Herschell V.; was born in Buvke 
County, Georgia, Septeinlx^r 18, 1812; graduated at 
the University of Georgia in 1834, and adopted the 
profession of the law; wa-s a presidential Elector in 
1844; in 1848 was appointed to ftll a vacancy in the 
United States Senate; in 1849 was elected a Judge of 
the Superior Court; in 1S6U was a candidate for the 
office of Vice-President, on tlie ticliet with S. A. 
Douglas, but was defeated; subsequently served in 
the Confederate Senate; was a Delegate to the Phila- 
delphia " National Union Convention " of 1866; after 
the Rebellion became a Judge of the Supreme Court 
of Georgia. Died August 17, 1880. 

Johnson, Hezekiah S.; was born in Pittsburg, 
Pennsylvania, September 12, 1828; was educated 
chiefly at the Allegheny College. Meadville; learned 
the printing trade; removed to New Mexico ^n 1849; 
studied law and came to the bar in 1854; held the 
offices of District Attorney, Clerk of Court, and 
Treasurer of the Territory; in 1863 was elected to 
the Territorial Legislature; edited newspapers in 
Meadville, Santa Fe, and Albuquerque; in 18()9 was 
appointed, by President Grant, Associate Justice of 
the Supreme Court of New Mexico, and was re-ap- 
pointed in ISTl. 

Johnson, Isaac ; was Governor of Louisiana 
from 1845 to 1850. Died ia New Orleans, March 15, 
1853. 

Johnson, James; was bom in Virginia; was a 
Representative in Congress from Virginia from 1813 
to 1S20, when he resigned, and was appointed Col- 
lector of the ports of Xortblk and Portsmouth, Vir- 
ginia; also served in the State Legislature. Died at 
Norfolk, December 7, 1825. 

Johnson, James ; was born in Orange Coirhty, 
Virginia; served as Lieutenant-Colonel under Colonel 
K. M. Johnson at the Battle of the Thames; was a 
Eepresentative in Congress from Kentucky during the 
jears 1825 and 1826; his death was announced iu the 
House of Rci^reseutatives in December, 1826. 

Johnson, James ; was born in Robinson County, 
North Carolina, in 1811; graduated at the State Uni- 
versity in 1832; taught school for a time, and studied 
law; was a Representative in Congress from 1851 to 
1853; in 1865 was appointed Provisional Governor of 
Georgia; in 1866 was ajipointed Collector of Customs 
at Savannah, where he remained until 1869, when he 
resigned; was subsequently made a Judge of the 
Circuit Court of the State. 

■ Johnson, James A.; was born in Spartanburg, 
South Carolina, May 16, 1829; received a common 
school education; studied medicine and law; removed 
to e'alilbrnia; was elected to the State Legislature in 
1859; was elected a Representative from California to 
the Fortieth Congress, serviug on the Committees on 
Post Office and Post Roads, and Agriculture; was re- 
elected to the Forty-tirst Congress. 

Johnson, James H.; was born in New Hamp- 
shire; was a State Senator in 1839; was a State Coun- 
selor in 1842 and 1843; wa.s a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1845 to 1847, serving on the Committee on 
Jlanufaetures. 

Johnson, James L.; was born in Kentucky; was 
a Representative in Congiess from that State from 
1849 U) 1S51. 

Johnson, Jeromus; was born iu Kings County, 
New York; was a Represeutative in Congress from 
New York City from 1825 to 1829. Died in Goshen, 
Orange Couuty, New York, September 7, 1846. 



Johnson, John ; was born in the County of 
Tyrone, Ireland, in 1808; received a common school 
education; emigrated to Ohio in 1824, where he was 
devoted to agricultural pursuits; served as a member 
of the Ohio Senate; also, in the last Constitutional 
Convention of that State; was a Kepresentative in 
Congress from Ohio from 1851 to 1853. 

Johnson, John T.; was l»orn in Seott County, 
Kentucky; was a brother of Richard M. Johnson; 
was once Judge of the Court of Appeals of Ken- 
tucky; represented that State in Congress from 1821 
to 1825; for tliirty years wasa preacher of the Gospel, 
without receiving a salary. Died in Lexington. 
Missouri, December 18, 1857. 

Johnson, Joseph ; was bom in Orange County, 

NewYork, December 19. 1785; on removing toVirginia, 
was elected a Representative in Congress from 1823 
to 1827, from 1835 to 1841, and from 1845 to 1847; 
was Governor of Virginia from 1852 to 1856. 

Johnson, J. Neely ; was Governor of California 

from 1856 to 1858. 

Johnson, Noadiah ; served in the Legislature 
of New York; wasa member of Congress from 1833 t<v 
1835. Died at Albany, April 4, 1839. 

Johnson, Perley B.; was born iu Ohio; was a 

Representative in Congress Irom that State from 1843 
to 1845. 

Johnson, Philip ; was born in Warren County, 
New Jersey', January 17, 1818; his grandfather wasa 
soldier in the Revolutionary War; in 1839 removed 
with his father to Pennsylvania, settling in North- 
ampton County; was educated at Lafayette College, 
where he spent two years, after which he spent two 
years teaching school in the South; on his retm-n 
home studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1848, 
and soon afterwards was elected Clerk of the Court of 
Sessions and of Oyer and Terminer; in 1853 and 1854 
was elected to tlie State A-ssembly; in 1857 was 
Chairman of the Democratic State Convention; in 
186U was the Revenue Commissioner for the Third 
Judicial District of the State; was elected a Repre- 
seutative from Pennsylvania to the Thirly-seventli 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Roads and 
Canals, and on Patents; was re-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, and was a member of the t'ommittee 
on Territories; was a Delegate to the Chicago Con- 
vention of 1864; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committeeson the Post Office 
and Post Roads, and Expenditures on the I'ublie 
Buildings. Died in Washington, January 31, 1867. 

Johnson, Reverdy; was born at Ann.ipolis, 
Maryland, Jlay 21, 1796; was educated at St. .John's 
College, Annapolis; studied law with his father, and 
having been admitted to the bar, practiced liis pro- 
fession; his first ajjpointment was that of State At- 
torney; in 1817 removed to Baltimore; in 1S20 was 
appointed Chief Commissioner of Insolvent Debtors, 
which office he held uutil 1821, when he was elected 
to the State Senate, serving live years; was re-elected 
and resigned in the second year of that term; in 1845 
wiis chosen a Senator in Congrc^ss, where he remained 
until 1849, when he resigned to accept the post of At- 
torney-General of the United Slates, tendered him by 
President Taylor; leaving the latter position, he 
turned liis whole attention to his prolession, prac- 
ticing chiefly in the Supreme Court of the United 
States. Mr. Johnson also took an active part in the 
preparation ofseveu volumes of Keports of Decisions 
iu the Court of Appeals of JIaryland ; w;is'a Delegate 
to the " Peace Congress" of 1861; was subsequentlj 



268 



r.IOUKAl'HICAL ANNALS. 



elected to the House of Delegates of Maryland by tlie 
voters of Baltimore County; in 18(!2 was again elected 
a Senator in Congress liom his native State, ibr the 
term commencing March, ISO.'i, and ending in 13G9, 
serving on the Library Committee, those on the Ju- 
diciary and Foreign Relations, and also the Special 
Joint Committee on Reconstruction; was one of the 
Senators designated by the Senate to attend the 
funeral of General Scott; in 1866; was a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia " National Union Convention " of 
1866, taking a leading part in its proceedings. In an 
address to the law students of Columbia College in 
June, 1875, he made the statement that he had been 
a practicing lawyer for si.xty years; in the latter part 
of 1875, notwithstanding his advanced age, he made 
a professional visit to England; on February 10, 1876, 
■while visiting Annapolis, his native town, he was 
found dead near the threshold of the Governor'.s 
mansion, where he had been dining with a few 
friends. He was not feeling well, and had left the 
table for a kvr moments to ol)tain a little fresh air, 
Tphen, at a moment when no one was near, he fell, as 
was supposed, and immediately expired. 

Johnson, Richard M.; was born in Kentucky 
in 178U; in 1807 was chosen a Representative in Con- 
gress from Kentucky, which post he held until 1813: 
in 1813 raised a volunteer regiment of cavalry of one 
thousand men to tight the British and Indians on the 
Lakes, and during the campaign that followed served 
with great credit under General Harrison as Colonel 
of that regiment; greatly distinguished himself at 
the battle of the Thames, and the chief, Tccumseh, 
is said to have been killed by his hand; in 1814 was 
appointed Indian Commissioner, by President Madi- 
son; was again a Representative" in Congress from 
1813 to 1819; in 1819 went from the Hou.se into the 
United States Senate to fill an unexpired term; was 
re-elected, and served as Senator until 1829; was 
again elected to the House, and remained there until 
1837, when he became Vice President, and as such 
presided over the Senate; at the time of his death 
was a member of the Kentucky Legislature. Died 
from a second attack of paralysis. He was a kind- 
hearted, courageous, and talented man. 

Johnson, Robert ; was born in Pennsylvania; 
in 1836 was appointed Second Assistant Po.stmaster 
General, holding the office until 1841. 

Johnson, Robert "W.; was born in Kentucky in 
1814; was elected a Representative in t'oiigress from 
Ai-kansas in 1847, and served until 1853, when he 
was elected a Senator in Congress, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Printing, and as a member 
of the Committees on Military Attliirs, and on Public 
Lands; withdrew in 1861, and took part in the Re- 
bellion. 

Johnson, Thomas ; was born in Calvert Coun- 
ty, Maryland, in 1732; was educated by private 
tutors and studied law; was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1775 to 1777, when he lelt that 
body to raise an army, with wliich, as Commander, 
he went to assist Washington in New England; was 
the first Republican Governor of Maryland, se'rvino- 
as such from 1777 to 1779, and residing in I^rederick 
City; was a Judge of the United States District 
Court for the State of Maryland; member of the 
Board of Commissioners for Locating tlie District of 
C^olumbia; was a Justice of the Supreme Court of 
the United States from 1791 to 1793, when he re- 
signed; he was the intimate friend of Washington, 
I and was frequently honored with a visit by thePres- 
lident at "Ro.se Hill," near Frederick; wa.s the Dele- 
igate in Congress who proposed that the General 



should be declared Commander-in-Chief, and when 
.lelferson left the Cabinet of Washington, Mr. John- 
son was ofl'ered the position of Secretary of State, 
which he declined; his abilities as a lawyer were of 
a high order, and he was a successful practitioner; 
■ in one occasion, when John Adams was questioned 
as to how it was that so many Southern men should 
have participated in the war, he replied that if it 
had not been for such men as Richard Henry Lee, 
Thomas Jefferson, Samuel Chase, and Thomas John- 
son, there would never have been any Revolution. 
He died on his estate near Frederick City, which 
had been his home for forty-tbree years, October 6, 
1819. 

Johnson, "WaldOjP.; was elected a Senator in 
Ciingrcss from ^Missouri in 1861, lor the term ending 
in 1867, but was expelled by the Senate January 10, 
1862. 

Johnson, 'William ; was born in Charleston, 
South Carolina, December 27, 1771; graduated at 
Princeton College in 1790; studied law and came to 
the bar in 1792; was elected to the State Legislature 
in 1794; was re-elected and made Speaker; was sub- 
sequently chosen a Judge of the Circuit Court of the 
State; in 1804 was appointed, by President Jefi'erson, 
a Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, 
which position he held until his death, which oc- 
curred in New York, August 4, 1834, from the effects 
of a surgical operation ; in 1819 was appointed and 
confirmed as Collector of Charleston, which office he 
declined; in 1822 published the "Life and Services 
of Nathaniel Greene," in two volumes. 

Johnson, 'William; was borninlreland in]819; 
removed to Ohio in early life; received a good educa- 
tion; held a variety of local offices in Richmond 
C'ounty, where he long resided; adopted the profes- 
sion of the law; in 1862 was elected a Representative 
from Ohio to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Revolutionary Claims and on Ex- 
penditures on the Public Buildings. Died at Mans- 
field, Ohio, May 3, 1866. 

Johnson, 'William Cost ; was born in Freder- 
ick County, Maryland, in 1806; received an aca- 
demic education; studied law and was admitted to 
])racticein the Supreme Court in 1831; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1833 to 1835, and from 
1837 to 1843; served in the State Legislature before 
entering and after he left Congress; was a member of 
the last Convention for revising the Constitution of 
Maryland; was President of the National Convention 
of Young Men which met in Wjishington to nomin- 
ate Henry Clay for President; when in Congress, Mr. 
Johnson officiated for a number of years as Chairman 
of the Committee on Public Lauds, and also as a 
member of the .Judiciary Committee. Died in Wash- 
ington, April 16, 1860. 

Johnson, 'William S.; was born in Stratford, 

Connecticut, October 7, 1727; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1744; studied law at Cambridge, and acquired 
distinction as a pleader and orator; in 1765 was a 
Delegate to the Congress at New York; in 1766 an 
agent tor the Colony, to England, where, during a 
residence of four years, he was elected a Fellow of 
the Royal Society; in 1772 was appointed Judge of 
the Supreme Court of Connecticut; in 1780 was a 
member of the Council of Connecticut; was again a 
Delegate to the New York Congress in 1785; in 1787 
was a member of the Convention which framed the 
Constitution of the United States; was a Senator in 
Congress from 1789 to 1791, and from 1792 to 1800 
President of Columbia College in New York, after 



BIOGUAPHICAL ANNALS. 



269 



which he retuvued to his native vilhigc, where he 
died, November 14, 1819. He received from Oxford 
the degree of LL.D., and will always be remembered 
a.s one of the great men of thi.s country; was Chair- 
man of the Committee appointed to revi.se the lan- 
guage of the Constitution, and the corrections in the 
original copy are in his handwriting; he w;is the 
son of Samuel Johnson, the eminent Ki)iscopal divine 
and first President of King's College (subseciuently 
Columbia), and among liis intimate friends and cor- 
respondents were Samuel .Johnson, the great English 
writer, and Benjamin Franklin, while his father had 
been the warm personal triend of Bishop Berkeley. 

Johnston, Charles; was born in Connecticut; 
was a i\cpresentati\e in (Congress from New York, 
from 1839 to 1841. 

Johnston, Charles; was born in Cliowan 
County, North Carolina; wa.s a member of the State 
Legislature for many years: was a Representative in 
Congress during the years ISOl and 1802; died before 
the expiration of his term. 

Johnston, Charles C; was a member of Con- 
gress from Virginia, fnmi 1831 to 1832, and was 
Chairman of the Comn\ittee on Imprisonment for 
Debtv Was found drowned in the Potomac, near 
Alexandria, June 18, 1832. 

Johnston, James T.; was born in Putnam 
County, Indiana, January 19, 1839; received a com- 
mon school education; commenced the study of the 
law in 1861; in July, 18(>2, enlisted ,a.s a private in 
Company C, Sixth Indiana Cavalry; in September, 
1863, was transferred to Company A, Eighth Ten- 
nessee Cavalry, and commissioned as Second Lieu- 
tenant; .served in that capacity until January, 1864, 
resigning on account of disability; afterwards served 
as Commissary Sergeant of One Hundred and Thirty- 
third Indiana Infantry; was commissioned Lieuten- 
ant and AssistantQuartermasterof the One Huiulred 
and Forty-ninth Indiana Infantry, and wa.s mustered 
out with the Regiment in September, 1865; studied 
law; was admitted to the har in March, i866; en- 
gaged in the jiractice of law at Rockville, Indiana; 
was elected Prosecuting Attorney, serving two years; 
was elected as Representative to the State Legisla- 
ture in 1868; was elected State Senator in 1874, 
serving fonr years: was elected a Representative 
from Indiana to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Johnston, John W.; was born at Panicello, 
near Abiugton, South C;vrolina, September 9, 1818; 
was educated at the South Carolina College, Colum- 
bia; studied law at the University of Virginia; prac- 
ticed until 1839, when he was made Judge of the 
Tenth Judici;il District; was a member of the Senate 
of the State of Virginia in 1847 and 1848; was Presi- 
dent of the Northwestern Bank at .lefi'ersonville, 
Virginia, from 18.50 to 1859; in 1870 was elected 
United States Senator from Virginia, for the term 
ending in 1871 ; w;us re-elected for the term ending 
in 1877, serving on the Committees on Manufactures, 
Patents, and Post Offices and Post Roads; in Janu- 
ary, 1870, was re-elected to the Senate for the term 
commencing in 1877 and ending in 1833. 

Johnston, Joseph E.; was born at Longwood, 
Prince Edward County, Virginia, in 1809; pas.sed 
his boyhood near Abingdon, Virginia, his father 
being Judge of that Circuit under the old system of 
the State; was educated at the United States Military 
Academy, at West Point, New York, graduating 
theretrom in 1829; was appointed a Second Lieuten- 
ant in the United States Army; became a First 



Lieutenant in 1837, served in the Florida War from 
1836 until the close of the war, in 1843; was brev- 
etted Captain in 1838; in 1846 was Captain of Topo- 
graphical Engineers, and served in Me.\ico as such, 
and as Lieutenant-CJolonel, during tlu; Mexican War; 
was brevetted Colonel for gallantry on the field of 
battle; in 1853 was commissioned a Lieutenant- 
Colonel of Cavalry; in 1860 was promoted to (Quarter- 
master-General ; relinquished that post in .\pril, 
1861, to enter the Confederate service as (fener.al; 
served throughout the Civil War with marked ability 
and distinction ; after the close of the war became 
President of an insurance company at Richmond, 
Virginia; in 1878 was elected a Ivcprescntati\e from 
Virginia to the Forty-sixth Congress; declined a re- 
nomination; in April, 1885, was appointed, by Pres- 
ident Cleveland, Commissioner of Railroads in the 
Department of the Interior, at Washington. 

Johnston, Josiah S.; was born in Salisbury, 
Connecticut, November 25, 1784; was taken, by his 
father, in infancy, to Kentucky; graduated at Tran- 
sylvania University; studied law; removed to Louisi- 
ana in 1805, and commenced his X'™fessional career 
at Alexandria, on the Red River; in 1812 was a lead- 
ing man in the State Legislature; was next appointed 
District Judge; represented Louisiana in Congress 
from 1821 tol823; in 1824 was elected to the United 
States Senate, retaining that position until his death, 
which occurred May 19, 1833, bj' the explosion of 
gunpowder on board the steamboat Lioness on R(?d 
River. Some of his reports and speeches were highly 
appreciated, and published for the benefit of his con- 
stituents. 

Johnston, Samuel; was Governor of North 
Carolina from 1787 to 1789; was President of the 
Convention of that State which ratified the Federal 
Constitution; was a member of Congress from 1781^ 
to 1782, in 1789 was appointed a Senator from North 
Carolina, and served until 1793; was afterwards a 
Judge of the Supreme Court of I^aw and Equity; was 
one of those who voted fur locating the se:it of Gov- 
ernment on the Potomac; w.is a native of Edenton, 
and died at Sherwarkey, August 18, 1816, aged 
eighty-three years. 

Johnston, Thomas Dillard ; was born at 
W.aynesville, H.aywood County, North Carolina, 
April 1, 1840; was educated in the common schools 
and prepared for college at the school of Colonel 
Stephen Lee, near Asheville; after four j-ears study 
in Colonel Lee's school, he entered the State Uni- 
versity, as a sophomore, but ill-health compelled him 
to withdraw before the close of the .session; entered 
the Confederate Army in 1861 and was soon after 
elected Lieutenant; was subsequently detailed as 
Adjutant of his regiment; at the battle of Malvern 
Hill was severely wounded, and although he after- 
wards served .as Captain and Quarterm:uster, he w;is 
compelled by ill-health to leave the service; after the 
close of the Civil War he studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the b.ar in 1867; in 1868 was nominated for 
Solicitor of his district, but was not declared elected, 
the State being under military rule; in 1869 was 
elected Mayor of Asheville, North Carolina; in 1870 
was elected a Representative in the State Legislature 
and was re-elected in 1872; he was re-nominated in 
1874, but declined; in 1876 was elected State Senator; 
in 1884 was elected a Representative from North 
Carolina to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Johnston, "Williara P.; w.as elected Governor 
of Pennsvlvania, and served in that capacity until 
1853. Died in Pittsburg, October 30, 1872. 



270 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Jonas, Benjamin P.; was born at Williams- 
town, Kentucky, July 19, 1834; removeil, with his 
father, to Illinois, and was educated there; removed 
to New Orleans, Louisiana, in 1853; graduated at 
the Law Department of the University of Louisiana in 
1855; served in the Confederate Army during the 
war of the Rebellion; was a Representative in the 
State Legislature in 1865; was a Delegate to the 
Democratic National Convention of 1868; was elected 
a State Senator in ]87d; was elected City Attorney 
in 1874 and re-elected in 1876; was again in the State 
House of Representatives in 1876 and 1877; was a 
member of the Democratic National Committee; was 
elected a Senator of the United States from Louisi- 
ana for the term of six years from March 4, 1879. 

Jones, Alexander H.; was born in Ashe-dlle, 
Buncombe County, North Carolina, July 21, 1822; 
received an academic education ; was a farmer, a 
merchant, and an editor; sided with the Union cause 
during the Rebellion; while recruiting for the army 
was arrested and imprisoned in Asheville and in 
^Richmond by the Confederate authorities; made his 
escape in 1864; after the war returned to North Car- 
olina; was a Delegate to the State Constitutional 
Convention of 1865; was elect«d to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, but refused admittance; was re-elected a 
Representative from North Carolina to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Revolutionary 
Pensions ; was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Public Expenditures, 
and Revolutionary Claims. 

Jones, Allen ; was a Revolutionary patriot of 
Halifax, North Carolina; was chosen Brigadier-Gen- 
eral of Halifax District, in April, 1776; was a Dele- 
gate to the State Constitutional Convention in that 
year; Delegate to the Continental Congress in 1779 
and 1780; State Senator from 1784 to 1787; member 
of the Convention to adopt the United States Consti- 
tution which he advocated. 

Jones, Benjamin ; wa.s born in Virginia; re- 
moved to Ohio; was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress fi-om tiiat State from 1833 to 1837. 

Jones, Burr "W.; was born at Union, Rock 
County, Wisconsin, March 9, 1846; received a classi- 
cal education, graduating from the Wisconsin State 
University in 1870, and afterwards from the Law 
School of that Institution; was admitted to the bar 
in 1871, and engaged in practice at Madison, Wis- 
consin; was elected District Attorney in 1872, and 
re-elected in 1874; declined a re-nomination; was 
elected a Representative from Wisconsin to the For- 
ty-eighth Congress. 

Jones, Chai-les "W.; was born in Ireland in 1834; 
emigrated to the United States when ten years of 
age; spent some yeais in Alabama, Louisiana, and 
Mississippi, settling in Florida in 1S54; was a 
mechanic by occupation; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1857; became successful in the 
profession; was a member of the Baltimore Conven- 
tion in 1872; was nominated on the Democratic Lib- 
eral ticket for Congress in that year, but was defeated ; 
in 1874 was elected a member of the Lower House o( 
the State Legislature from Escam))ia County; in 1374 
was elected a Senator in Congress from Florida for 
the term ending in 1881 ; was re-elected for the term 
ending in 1837. 

Jones, Daniel T.; was born in Connecticut, set- 
tled in New York, was elected a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1851 to 1855. 

Jones, Francis ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Tennessee from 1817 to 1823. 



Jones, Frank; was born at Barrington, New 
Hampshire, September 15, 1832; removed to I'oits- 
mouth, in the same State, in 1849, and engaged in 
mercantile pursuits; was elected Mayor of Ports- 
mouth in 1868, and re-elected in 1869; was elected a 
Representative from New Hampshire to the Forty- 
fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-iitth 
Congress. 

Jones, George ; was a Senator in Congress from 
Georgia during the session of 1S07, by appointment 
of the Governor, but was sujjerseded by W. H. 
Crawford. 

Jones, George "W.; was born in Vincennes, In- 
diana; graduated at Transylvania University, Ken- 
tucky in 1825; was bred to the law, but ill-health 
prevented him from practicing; was Clerk of the 
United States District Court in Missouri in 1826; 
served as an Aid-de-camp to General Henry Dodge 
in the Black Hawk War; was chosen Colonel of 
Militia in 1832; subsequently Major-General; also 
Judge of a County Court; in 1835 was elected a 
Delegate to Congress from the Territory of Michigan, 
and served two years; in 1839 was appointed, by 
President Van Buren, Surveyor-General of the North- 
west; was removed, in 1841, for his politics, but re- 
appointed bj' President Polk, and remained in the 
office until 1849; in 1848 was elected a United States 
Senator from Iowa for six years, and re-elected in 
1852 for six yeare, officiating as Chairman of the 
Committees on Pensions and on Enrolled Bills, and 
as a member of the Committee on Territories; at the 
conclusion of his last term was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Buchanan, Minister to Xew Granada; in 1861 
wiis charged with disloyalty, and imprisoned in Fort 
Warren. 

Jones, George W.; was born in King and 
Queen County, Virginia, JIarch 15, 1806; began life 
as a saddler ; was a Justice of the Peace for three 
years; in 1834 a Justice to hold the (Juorum Court 
in Lincoln County; in 1835 and 1837 was elected to 
the Tennessee Legislature; in 1839 to the State Sen- 
ate; in 1840 and 1842 was elected Clerk of the Lin- 
coln County Court; in 1843 was elected a Repre- 
sentative to Congress, and was for eight consecutive 
terms re-elected, serving during the Thirty -fifth Con- 
gress as Chairman of the Committee on Roads and 
Canals; in 1853, upon the inauguration of President 
Pierce, was appointed special bearer of dispatches to 
the American Consul at Havana, having been au- 
thorized to administer the otHcial oath to the Vice- 
President, W. R. King, who had visited Cuba for his 
health; in 1861 was a Delegate to the " Peace Con- 
gress, " held in Washington. 2iu^ flriivJtfliSy , 

Jones, George W.; was born in Marion County, 
Alabama, September 5, 1828; received a limited edu- 
cation; adopted the profession of the law; removed 
to Texas in 1848, and settled at Bastrop; was elected 
District Attorney in 1856; opposed secession in 1861, 
but yielded to the inevitable, and served in the Con- 
federate Army until 1865, rising to the rank of 
Colonel; was a member of the State Constitutional 
Convention of 1860, and was elected Lieutenant- 
Governor under the new Constitution, but was re- 
moved by the military authorities; was elected a 
Representative from Texas to the Forty-sixth and 
Forty-seventh Congresses. Died July 6, 1883. 

Jones, Horatio; was born in Pennsylvania; re- 
moved to Missouri, fi-om which State he was .ap- 
pointed an Associate Judge of the United States 
Court for the Territory of Nevada. 



BIOGKAl'HICAL ANNALS. 



271 



Jonets, Isaac D.; was born in Maryland; was a 
Ki'l>resfntative in Congress from tliat State from 1841 
to 1843; was a Delegate to the "Cliicaeo Convention" 
of 18i)4; in 18U7 was elected Attorney-General of 
Maryland. 

Jones, James ; was born in Maryland; removed 
to Georgia when young; studied law, aud settled in 
Savannah; was oftoii a member of the Legislature of 
Geoigia; was a Representative in Congress from 17!)!) 
to the time of his death, which occurred at Washing- 
ton, .January 12, 18U1. 

Jones, James ; was born in Amelia Connty, Vir- 
ginia; was a Kepresentalive in Congress from that 
Ktatj tVom 1319 to 1823. 

Jones, James C; was born in Wilson County, 
Tennessee, June 8, ISO!); received a good education; 
devoted himself in early life to farming; first entered 
public life, in 1839, as a member of the Tennessee 
Le.:^islature; was Governor of Tennessee from 1841 to 
1845, serving two terms; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1840 and 1848; in 1851 was elected a .Senator in 
Congress from Tennessee, serving the whole of his 
term of six years. Died at Memphis, Tenne.ssee, 
0<^tober29, 185!). He was for many years devoted to 
the interests of Jlemphis and his native State, and 
was distinguished for his ability. 

Jones, James H.; was bom in Shelby Connty, 
Alabama, September 13, 18IJ0; received an academic 
education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and 
engaged in practice; settled in Texas; served in the 
( ontederate Army during the Civil War, rising to the 
rank of Colonel; for a time was in command of a 
brigade; was elected a Representative from Texas to 
the Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Jones, James Kimbrough ; was born in Mar- 
shall County, Mississippi, September 29, 1839; re- 
ceived a classical education; served in the Confed- 
erate Army; removed to Arkansas; commenced the 
practice of law in 1873; in that year was elected to 
the State Senate, and was also a member of the Sen- 
ate when the State Constitutional Convention was 
called in 1874; was re-elected under the new Consti- 
tution, and was President of the Senate in 1877; was 
elected a Representative from Arkaus;is to the Forty- 
seventh aud Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Jones, James Taylor ; was born at Richmond, 
Virginia, in 1832; removed, with his father, to 
Marengo County, Alabama, when two years of age; 
received a classical education, graduating from 
Princeton College, New Jersey, and from the Law 
School of the University of Virginia in 1855; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1650, and engaged in the prac- 
tice of law; served as an oflicer in the Confederate 
Army throughout the Civil War; resumed the prac- 
tice of law at Demopolis, Alabama; was a Delegate to 
the State Constitutional Convention of 18fi5; was a 
State .Senator in 1872 and 1873; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Alabama to the Forty-fifth Congress; 
was again elected to Congress in 1883 to fill the 
vacancy in the Forty-eighth Congress caused by the 
death of Thomas H. Herndon; was re-elected to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Jones, J. Glancy ; was bom on the Conestoga 
River, I'enu.sylvania, October 7, 1811; by his early 
education was prepared for the church, but preferred 
the law, to which he devoted himself with success; 
while Deputy Attorney-General of the State was 
elected a Repiesentative in Congress from Pennsyl- 
vania, serving (except a part of the Thirty-third 



Congress, when Henry W. Muhlenburg succeeded 
him) from 18.50 to 1658; was the author, in the 
House, of the l)ill creating the Court of Claims, when 
a niembor of the Committee on Claims; was placed, 
by Speaker Orr, at the head of the Committee on 
Ways and Means; was a Presidential Elector iu 185G; 
was tendered, by President Buchanan, tlu^ mission to 
Berlin, which he declined; in October, 1858, was 
ofVered the mission to Austria, and accepted the ap- 
pointment. 

Jones, John J.; was born in Burke County, 
Georgia. November 13, 1824; graduated at Emory 
College; studied law, and was admitted to practii'' 
in 1818; wasa Representative from that State to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Revisal and ITnfinished Business; resigned in Febru- 
ary, 1861, and returned to Georgia. 

Jones, John P. ; was born in Herefordshire, En- 
gland, in 1830; came, with his parents, to the United 
States when a child, settling in Ohio; attended school 
iu Cleveland for a few years; in the early part of the 
California excitement went to that State, and en- 
gaged in farming and mining; served in both Houses 
of the State Assembly; went to Nevada in 1.S67; was 
elected to the United States Senate for the term com- 
mencing in 1873, serving on the Committee on the 
Post Offices and Post Roads, District of Columbia, and 
Mines and Mining; was re-elected for the term end- 
ing in 1885, and also for the term ending in 1891. 

Jones, John S.; was born in Champaign County; 
Ohio, February 12, 1835; graduated at the Ohio Wes- 
leyan University in 1855; studied law. and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1857; was elected Prosecuting 
Attorney for Delaware County in 18ti0; resigned in 
18f;i and enlisted as a private in the Union Army; 
served throughout the war, rising to the rank of Col- 
onel, and Brevet Brigadier-General; was elected 
Mayor of Delaware, Ohio, in 1866, by a unanimous 
vote; was Prosecuting Attorney of Delaware County 
from 1866 to 1872, when he declined a re-nomination; 
was a member of the Board of Managers of the Ohio 
Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans' Home from 1870 to 
1874; was a Trustee of the Wesleyan Female College, 
at Delaware, from 18:55 to 1875; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1872; received the degree of Master of 
Arts from Wesleyan University in 1875; was elected 
a Representative" from Obio to the Forty-filth Con- 
gress. 

Jones, John W.; was bom in Virginia; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1835 
to 1845; wasSpeaker of the House of Representatives 
during the Twenty-eighth Congress; was an eminent 
politician. Died January 29, 1848. 

Jones, John "W. ; was born on Rock Creek, Mont- 
gomery County, Maryland, April 14, 180(>; when 
quite young removed, with his father, to Kentucky, 
where he received a good English and classical edu- 
cation at the Carlisle Seminary; as his health would 
permit, he devoted himself to the study of uiediciue, 
attended lectures at the Pennsylvania Academy, and 
I'rom Jefferson College received the degree of Doctor 
of Medicine; in 1840 was elected to the Georgia Leg- 
islature; was a Representative in Congress from Geor- 
gia from 1847 to 1841); in 1849 removed to Alabama, 
and devoted himself to agriculture; returniug t<> 
Georgia, was appointed a Medical Professor in the 
Atlantic Medical College. 

Jones, Joseph ; was a Delegate from Virginia to 
the Continental Congress from 1777 to 1778, and 
again flrom 1780 to 1783. 



272 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Jones, J. M.; was an early emigrant to California; 
in IS.")! was appointed United States Judge for the 
Southern District of California, residing at Los An- 
geles. 

Jones, J. Russell; was a citizen of Illinois; in 
lS(i9 was appointed Jlinister Resident to Belgium; 
on his return to the United States, was, in 1875, ap- 
pointed Collector of Customs at Chicago. 

Jones, Morgan; was born in New York City, 
February 26, 1832; was educated at the School of 
St. James' Church in New York; early took an in- 
terest in machinery and the business of a machinist; 
subsequently adopted the business of a plumber, fol- 
lowing the same within four hundred feet of the spot 
where he was born; in 1858 was elected a City Coun- 
cilman for New York, and, having been four times 
re-elected, served as President of the Board for three 
years; was subsequently elected to the Board ol' 
Aldermen and made President of that body; in 1864 
was elected a Representative, from New York, to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Public Expenditures. 

Jones, Nathaniel ; was a member of the New 
York Assemlily in 1827 and 1828; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from New York Irom 18:i7 to 1841 ; a 
State Senator in 1852 and 1853; also held the offices 
of Surveyor-General of the State, and Canal Commis- 
sioner. Died at Newburg, New York, July 21, 18()(i. 

Jones, Noble Wimberly ; was born near Lon- 
don, England, in 1724; removed with his father. Dr. 
Noble .Tones, to Georgia, and was associated with him 
in the jiractice of medicine at Savannah, from 1748 
to 1756; held a military commission at an early age; 
was a member of the Assembly in 1761, and subse- 
quently, being several times Speaker; was a leading 
patriot in 1774; corresponded with Franklin, the 
agent of Georgia, in England; was Speaker of the 
first tieorgia Legislature; was a Delegate to the Con- 
tinental Congress frour 1775 to 1776, and fi'om 1781 
to 1783: lost a son at the capture of Savannah in 
1778; was himself made prisoner at the fall of 
Charleston, in 1780, and carried to St. Augustine; 
was exchanged July, 1781; practiced medicine in 
Philadelphia until December, 1782, when he re- 
turned to Georgia, and was again a member of tlie 
Assembly; practiced in Charleston from December, 
1783, to December, 1788, after which he lived in 
Savannah; was President of the Convention which 
revised the State Constitution, in 1795. Died in Sa- 
vannah, Jamuuy 9, 1805. 

Jones, Obadiah ; was appointed, by President 
Jeflerson, in 1805, United States Judge tor the Ter- 
ritory of Mississippi; served one year as Territorial 
Judge for Illinois, in 1809; was re-appointed to the 
same position in Jlississippi, inl81U; when the State 
Government was established, was appointed United 
States Judge for that District, but only held the 
office a short time. 

Jones, 0"wren ; was born in Pennsylvania; was 
a lawyer by profession ; was a Representative in the 
Thirty-fifth Congress from his native State. 

Jones, Phineas ; was born at Spencer, Massa- 
chusetts, April IS, 1819; received an academic edu- 
Ciition; was a farmer and merchant; in 1855 removed 
to Elizabeth Port, New Jersey, and engaged in man- 
nfacturing; served two yeais in the City Council of 
Elizabeth; in 1860 removed to Newark, New Jersey, 
and entered largely into the business of manufactur- 
ing; was President of the State Agricultural Society ; 



was a Representative in the State Legislature in 
1871 and 1875; was elected a Representative from 
New Jersey to the Forty-seventh Congress. 

Jones, Roland ; was born in North Carolina; 
was a Representative I'rom Louisiana to the Thirty- 
third Congress. 

Jones, Samuel ; spent the early years of his life 
as a sailor; afterwards studied law; was admitted to 
the bar in New York City, and acciuired a lucrative 
practice; his office was sought by law students, 
among whom was De Witt Clinton; filled many im- 
portant public positions; in 1778 was a member of 
the Convention which adopted the Federal Constitu- 
tion, and drew up most of the amendments; was 
Chief Justice of New York, and called the "Father 
of the New York Bar"; removed to his farm at Rye 
Neck, where he spent the latter years of his life in 
retirement, and wrote his various productions. Died 
in 1819. 

Jones, Seaborn ; was born in Augusta, Georgia, 
in 1788; entered Princeton College, but was obliged 
to leave before graduating, on account of his father's 
failure in business; studied law, and came to the bar 
in his twenty-first year by special act of the Legishi- 
tnre; was made Solicitor-General of the State in 
1823; was a Representative in Congress from 1833 to 
1835, and from 1845 to 1847. Died in Columbus, 
Georgia, in 1874. He was a distinguished lawyer 
for fifty years. 

Jones, Thomas Latirens ; was born io Ruth- 
erford County, North Caiolina, January 22, 1819; 
graduated in the preparatory school at Columbia, 
South Carolina, and at Princeton, New Jersey; took 
the degree of LL. B. in the Law School of Harvard 
University; traveled ten years in Euroije; on his re- 
turn was admitted to the bar at Charleston in 1846; 
removed to New York City to practice in 1847; sub- 
sequently settled in Newport, Kentucky; was a mem- 
ber ol the General Assembly of that State in 1853 
and 1854; was a Delegate to many State and National 
('onventions; was elected to the Fortieth and Forty- 
first Congresses, and re-elected to the Forty-lburth 
Congress; in December, 1875, was appointed Chair- 
man of the Committee on Railways and Canals. 

Jones, Walter ; was born in Virginia in 1745; 
graduated at William and Mary College in 1760; 
studied medicine in Edinburgh, Scotland, and re- 
ceived the degree of M. D. ; on his return to Vir- 
ginia settled in Northumberland and became emi- 
nent as a scholar and physician; in 1777 was ap- 
pointed by Congress Physician-General of the hospital 
in the middle department; was a Representative in 
Congiess from Virginia from 1797 to 1799, and again 
from 1803 to 1811; was at one time a "Free Think- 
er, " but his views were subsequently entirely 
changed, and he embraced the Christian faith, after 
which he wrote a lengthy volume denouncing his 
former belief, and stating with great clearness the 
grounds upon which he did so; this was done for the 
satisfaction of his own conscience and the gratifica- 
tion of his children. Died in Westmoreland County, 
Virginia, December 31, li o. 

Jones, 'Williana ; was born in Philadelphia; 
took an active part in the Revolutionary struggle; 
fought at Trenton and Princeton as a volunteer, and 
served on several vessels; was a Lieutenant under 
Commodore Truxton; was twice wounded and twice 
made prisoner; in 1790 settled in Charleston, .South 
Carolina, whence he returned to Philadelphia in 
1793; was a Representative in Congress from Penn- 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



273 



sylvania from ISO! to 1803; was, for a short time, 
Secretary of the N"avy under President Madison; was 
President of tlie Bank of the United States, Collec- 
tor of Customs at Pliiladelphia, and for twenty-six 
years was a member of the American Philosophical 
Society, before wliicli he read many valuable com- 
munications, which were published. Died at Beth- 
lehem, Pennsylvania, in 1831. 

Jones, "William ; was born in Newport, Rhode 
Island, in 1754; was a carpenter in his youth; en- 
tered the army in 1775 as a Ca])tain in Colonel Lip- 
pitt's Rhode island Regiment; afterward commanded 
a marine corps in one of the national frigates; was 
made prisoner at Charleston, 8outli Carolina; after the 
war was a merchant in Providence until his death; 
was, for several years, a Representative from Provi- 
dence in the Assembly, and also Speaker of that 
body; was Governor of Rhode Island from 1811 to 
1817. Died at Providence, April 9, 1822. 

Jones, "William G.; was a .ludge of the United 
States Court for the District of Alabama. 

Jones, "William T.; was born in Corydon, Indi- 
ana, February 20, 1.812; received his education at the 
Miami University, Ohio; studied law; served in the 
army as Lieutenant, Captain, and Major of the Sev- 
enteenth Indiana Volunteers; was Presidential Elec- 
tor in 1868; was appointed Associate Justice of the 
Supreme Court of Wyoming, April 6, 1869; was 
elected a Delegate from Wyoming Territory to the 
Forty-second Congress. 

Jones, "Willie ; was a brother of Allan Jones; 
was a Delegate to the Convention which formed the 
State Constitution of North Carolina in 1776, and 
drew up the instrument which was adopted; was 
President of the Committee of Safety in 1775; Dele- 
gate to the House of Commons of North Carolina 
from 1776 to 1778; Delegate to tlie Continental Con- 
gress in 1780 and 1781; was elected a member of the 
Federal Constitutional Convention, but declined; was 
a member of the State Constitutional Convention 
which rejected the United States Constitution in 
1788. Died near Raleigh, North Carolina. 

Jordan, Conrad N.; was born in New York 
City, April 20, 1830; received his education in pri- 
vate schools, which he attended until he reached the 
age of thirteen years; then entered a printing office 
as office boy; learned the art of printing and fol- 
lowed the occupation of a compositor until his 
twenty-second year; in the latter part of the year 
18.">2 secured a position in the Hanover Bank, of 
New' York City, as clerk; rose rapidly through the 
intermediate grades to the post of Cashier; served in 
this capacity in si^veral different banks in the City 
of New York; in 18j^5, was appointed, by President 
Cleveland, Treasurer of the United States at W'ash- 
ington. 

Jordan, Isaac M.; was born in Union County, 
Pennsylvania, May .5, 1835; removed to Ohio when 
a youth; received' a eUissieal i-ducation, graduating 
tn'nn Miami University, Ohio, in 1857; studied law 
in Dayton, Ohio, and was admitted to the bar in 
1858; engaged in the practice of law; removed to 
Cincinnati, Ohio, and continued the practice of his 
profession; Wits nominated by acclamation, and elect- 
ed a Representative from Ohio to the Forty-eighth 
Congress ; bad never before been a candidate for 
office. 

Jordon, Dillon ; was an early emigrant to the 
Territory of Florida; in 1838 was appointed a United 
States Judge for that district. 

18 



Jordon, Ed'ward; was bom in New York; in 
1861 was ap|iointed from Ohio the Solicitor of the 
United States Treasurv, which position he held until 
1869. 

Jorgenson, Joseph; was born in Philadeljiliia, 
Pennsylvania, February 11, 181-1; graduated liom 
the Medical Department of the University of Penn- 
sylvania; was an Assistant Surgeon in the United 
States Army i'rom 1865 to 1868; settled in Virginia; 
was elected .a Representative in the .State Legislature 
in 1871 ; was Postmaster of Petersburg, Virginia; 
was elected a Representative from Virginia to the 
Forty-tilth, Forty -si.'cth, and Forty-seventh Con- 
gresses. 

Joseph, Antonio ; was born at Taos, New Mex- 
ico, August 25, 1816; received his early education at 
Lu.k's Academy, in Taos, and attended Bishoj) Lam- 
my's School, in Santa Fe, New Mexico, tor two ye.irs; 
afterwards attended Webster College, in Saint Louis 
County, Missouri, for four years, completing a com- 
mercial course at Bryant & Stratton's Commercial 
College, in Saint Louis, Missouri; engaged in mer- 
cantile pursuits at Ojo Caliente, New Slexico; wa.s 
County Judge of Taos County, New Mexico, for six 
years; was a Representative in the Territorial Legis- 
lature for six years; was a Senator in the Territorial 
Legislature when elected a Delegate from New Mex- 
ico to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Joslsm, M. Li.; was a])))ointed Assistant Secretary 
of the Dei)artmeut of the Interior in July, 1882. 

Joyce, Charles Herbert ; was born near An- 
dover, Hampshire County, England, January 30, 
1830; emigrated to the United States, with his par- 
ents, in 1836, and settled in Washington County, 
Vermont; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 
1852, and began to practice at Northtield; was State 
Librarian in 1855 and 1856; County Attorney in 
1856 and 1857; commissioned Major of Second Ver- 
mont Infanti-y (three-years men) in 1861, and pro- 
moted to Lieutenant-Colonel in 1862; resumed the 
practice of law at Rutland after his service in the 
army; was amemberof the Legislature in 1869, 1870, 
and 1871; was Speaker during the latter term; was 
elected a Representative from Vermont to the Forty- 
fourth Congress; wiis re-elected to the Forty-fifth, 
Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Judd, Norman B.; was born in Rome, Oneida 
County, New York, January 10, 1815; cduc^ited at 
the Grammar School of that town; studied law, and 
removed to Chicago, Illinois, in 1836; became an 
Alderman in the City Council; was also City Attor- 
ney, Notary Public, and County Attorney; w;»s a 
member of the Illinois Senate from 1844 until 1860; 
was appointed, by President Lincoln, Minister Pleni- 
potentiary to Prussia in 1861, and held the office until 
1865; in 18(i6 was elected a Representative, from Illi- 
nois, to the Fortieth Congi'ess, serving on the ('om- 
mittees on Banking and Currency, and Weights and 
Measures; subsequently appointed Collector of Cus- 
toms at Chicago. 

Judson, Andre'w T.; was born at Eastford, 
Connecticut, November 29, 17S4; his education wa3 
obtained at the common schools, and under the in- 
structions of his father and brotlier; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1806, when he removed to 
Montpelier, Vermont, and practiced in tliat State; 
afterwards returned to his nativi; town, and in 1809 
went to Canter'oury, which he made his permanent 
residence; in 1819 received tlie appointment of State's 
Attorney for Windham County, which office he held 
for fourteen years; wxs at ditl'erent times a member 



274 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



of both branches of the Legislature; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from 1835 to 1839, when he was 
elected Judge of the District Court, and continued in 
that position until his death; in October, 18o0, was 
designated, by tlie Circuit Judge cf the Second Cir- 
cuit, to hold the Courts of the United States m the 
Southern District of New York during the illness ol 
the distinguished Judge of that district, andofticiated 
at the trial of Mr. O'Sullivaa, and others, for the at- 
tempted Cuban invasion. Among tlie causes winch 
were brought before him for adjudication was the 
libel suit of the Amhlml and the lifty-four Atncans 
on board. Died at his home, March 17, 18a3. 

Julian, George 'W.; was born in CentrevUle, 
AVayne County, Indiana, May 5, 1817; received a 
good common school education; spent three years as 
school-teacher; studied law, and was admitted to the 
bar in 18-10; in 1845 was elected to the Legislature 
of Indiana; was a Delegate to tlie " Buflalo Conven- 
tion " of 1848; was a Representative in Congress from 
Indiana from 1849 to 1851; in 185-2 was nominated 
by the "Pittsburg Convention " for the office ol Vice- 
President of the United States, on the ticket with J. 
P. Hale for President; in 1856 was Vice-President ot 
the " Republican Convention " held at Pittsburg; m 
1860 was elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Public Lands, on Public Expenditures, and the 
Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War; in 1862 
was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress; was 
Chairman of the Committee on Pulilic Lands, and a 
member of the Committee on Public Expenditures; 
was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving 
again at the head of the Public Lands Committee, 
and on that on Expenses in the Navy Department; 
was also a member of the National Committee ap- 
pointed to accompany the remains of President Lin- 
coln to Illinois; re-elected to the Fortieth ('ongress, 
serving on the additinu.-a Committees on the Assas- 
sination of President Lincoln, and Education and 
Labor. 

Jankin, Benjamin T.; w.asborn in Cumberland 
County, Pennsylvania, November 12, 1822; educated 
at Fayette (Jollege; studied law at Carlisle, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1844; was elected District At- 
torney for Perry County in 1850, and held the office 
three years; was elected from Pennsylvania to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Kevolutionaiy Pensions. 

Kalbfleiscli, Martin; was born in Flushing, 
Netherlands, February 6, 1804; received a common 
school education, and adopted the profession of a 
chemist; came to ilu; United States early in life, and 
his first public position was that of Health Warden 
in New York City in 1832; in 1836 was Trustee of 
one of the common schools in New York; in 1852 and 
the two succeeding years was Su))ervisor of the town 
of Bush wick. Kings County; in 1854 was appointed 
President of a Board of Commissioners for consolidat- 
ing the cities of Brooklyn, AVilliamsburg, and Bush- 
wick; in 1855 was elected an Alderman of Brooklyn, 
and, having been re-elected, was President of the 
Board of Aldermen Irom 1857 to 1861; during the 
latter year was elected Mayor of Brooklyn; in 1862 
was elected a Representati\ e from New York to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Committee-s 
on Revolutionary Claims and Expenditures in the 
Treasury Department; was a Delegate to the Phila- 
delphia " National Union Convention " of 1866; in 
1867 was again elected Mayor of Brooklyn. Died in 
Brooklyn, February 12, 1873. 

Kane, Elias K.; was born in New York State 
about the year 1795; was bred to the legal profession; 



at an earlv period of his life he went to Tennessee, 
and finally settled in Kaskaskia, in Illmois Terri- 
tory, in 1815; in 1818 was a member of the Conven- 
tion' for framing a State Constitution, and, when 
that Government was organized, was appointed Sec- 
retary of State; was subsequently elected a member 
of the Legislature; from 1825 to 1835 was a Senator 
in Congress from Illinois, officiating as Chairman of 
the Committee on Private Land Claims. Died at 
Washington, District of Columbia, December 12, 
1835. 

Kane, Jolin K.; was born in Albany, New York, 
in 1795; graduated at Yale College in 1814; studied 
law, and settled in Philadelphia; in 1832 was one of 
a Board of Commissioners to settle certain claims 
with Fiance; in 1845 was chosen Attorney-General of 
Pennsylvania; in 1846 resigned to accept the po.sition 
of United States District .ludge for the State of Penn- 
sylvania; was a man of high culture, and President 
of the American Philosophical Society. Died in 
Philadelphia, February 21, 1858. 

Kasson, John A. ; was born near Burlington, 
Vermont, January 11, 1822; graduated at the Uni- 
versity of Vermont in 1842; studied law in Massa- 
chusetts; practiced the profession in St. Louis, Mis- 
souri, until 1857, when he removed to Iowa; in 1858 
was appointed a Commissioner to report upon the 
condition of the Executive Departments of Iowa; 
in 1859 assisted in organizing the State Bank of 
Iowa, and became Director for the .State; in 1861 
was appointed Assistant Postmaster-General, which 
office he resigned, in 1862, when elected a Repre- 
sentative fi'om Iowa to the Thirty-eighth Congiess, 
serving on the Committee on Ways and Means; dur- 
ing the summer of 1863 was appointed, by President 
Lincoln, a Commissioner to the International Postal 
Congress at Paris, returning in August; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress serving on the 
Committees on Appropriations and the Death of 
President Lincoln, and as Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Coinage, Weights and Measures; retiring 
from Congress in 1867, was appointed a Special Com- 
missioner to Europe for the Post Office Department, 
and on his return was elected to the Legislature of 
Iowa lor several years; was elected to the Forty-third 
and Forty-fourth Congresses; was United States 
Minister to Austria-Hungary from 1877 to 1881; was 
elected to the Forty-seventh Congress, and re-elected 
to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Kaufman, David S.; was born in Cumberland, 
Pennsylvania, in 1813; graduated at Princeton Col- 
lege, in 1833; not long after removed to Natchez, 
Mississippi, and read law in the office of General 
Quitman; in 1835 settled in Natchitoches, Louisiana; 
in 1837 emigrated to Nacogdoches, in Texas; in 1838 
was elected a Representative in the Texan Congress; 
was twice re-elected, and twice chosen Speaker of the 
House; in 1843 was elected to the Senate, and from 
the Committee on Foreign Relations, in 1844, pre- 
sented a report in fiivor of annexation, and took an 
active part in its consummation; in 1845 was ap- 
pointed Charge to this government, but that office 
was superseded by the final act of annexation, and he 
was elected one of the first membei-s of the House of 
Representatives from Texas, serving from 1846 to 
1851. Died in Washington, District of Columbia, 
January 13, 1851. 

Kavanagh, Ed^ward ; was bom April 27, 1795; 
adopted the profession of the law; was a member of 
the Maine Legislature in 1826, 1828, 1842, and 1843; 
Secretary of the State Senate in 1830; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1831 to 1835, when he wai 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



275 



appointed Charqe d\4ffahrs to Portugal, where he re- 
mained until 1841; in 1842 was a Commissioner for 
eettling the Northeast Boundary; was Acting Gov- 
ernor of Maine from 1843 to 1844, and for a short time 
President of the State Senate. Died at Newcastle, 
Maine, January 20, 1844. 

Kean, Jolin ; was a Delegate from South Carolina 
to theContineiital Congress from 1786 to 1787. 

Kean, John, Jr.; was born at Ursino, Union 
County, New Jersey, December 4, 1852; gradnated at 
the Law School of CohimbiaColIege; was admitted to 
the bar of New Jersey in 1877; engaged in banking, 
raining, and manufacturing pursuits; settled in 
Elizabeth, New Jersey; was elected a Kepresentative 
from New Jereey to the Forty-eighth Congre.ss. 

Kearney, Dyre ; was a Delegate from Delaware 
to the Continental Congress from 1786 to 17S8. 

Keese, Ricliard ; was horn in Peru, Clinton 
County, New York, November 23, 1794; was a Kepre- 
sentative in Congress from New York from 1827 to 
1829; subsequently settled in Pennsylvania. 

Kehr, Ed^ward C; was born in St. Louis, 
Missouri, November 5, 1837; received an academic 
education; studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in St. Louis in 1858; in 1873 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Missouri to the Forty-fourth Congress, 
never belbre liaving held any public office. 

Keifer, J. Warren ; was born in Clark County, 
Ohio, January 30, 1836; was educated in tlie com- 
mon schools and at Antioch College; studied law; was 
admitted to practice at Springtield, Ohio, in 1858; 
served in the Union Army from 1861 to 1865, rising 
to the rank of Brigadier-General and Brevet Major- 
General; resumed the practice of law; in 1866 was 
tendered the commission of Lieutenant -Colonel, 
United States Army, but declined; was a State 
Senator in 1868 and 1809; Trustee of the Ohio 
Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans' Home from 1870 to 
1878; Trustee of Antioch College for a number of 
years; was a Delegate to the Republican National 
Convention of 1876; was elected a Representative 
from Ohio to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty- 
seventh Congresses, serving as Speaker in the latter 
Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress. 

Keightley, Ed-win ■William ; was born in La 
Grange County, Indiana, August 7, 1843; received a 
common scliool education, and attended the Val- 
paraiso Collegiate Institute one year; graduated 
from the Law Department of the Uni versitj- of Michi- 
gan in 1865, and commenced the practice of law in 
Saint Joseph's County, Michigan; in 1872 was elected 
Prosecuting Attorney for two years; was appointed 
Judge of the Fifteenth Judicial Circuit; was elected 
to the same position in 1875, for the term of six 
years; was elected a Representative from Michigan to 
the Forty-fifth Congress; in May, 1879, was ap- 
pointed Third Auditor of the United States Treas- 
ury. 

Kelly, A. M.; was born in Virginia; resided in 
Richmond; .studied law; was admitted to the bar, 
and engaged in the practice of law at Richmond; 
served in the Confederate Array during the Civil 
War; in March, 1885, was appointed, by President 
Cleveland, United States Minister to Italy; did not 
enter upon the discharge of his duties for clerical 
re.^sons; in April, of the same year, was appointed 
>Iinister to Austria, but the same objections were 
raised as in the case of Italy, and he was recalled. 



Keim, George May; was born in Reading, 
Pennsylvania, March 23, 1805; was educated at 
Princeton College; studied law, and came to the bar 
in 1826; soon alter became Cashier of the Farmers- 
Bank at Reading; in 1829 became interested in the 
navigation and railroad interests of his District; be- 
came a prominent official among the Masons; took an 
interest in military affairs, and became a Major-Gen- 
eral of Militia; was an. earnest student of geology 
and Indian history, and collections that he made 
were donated to public instituHons, including the 
Smith,sonian Institution; in 1835 became the head of 
a firm which established an extensive rolling-mill; 
was a Delegate to the State Constitutional Conven- 
tion of 1837; in that year was elected to Congress to 
fill a vacancy, and was twice re-elected ; in 1842 he 
presided at a Congressional dinner given to Charles 
Dickens in Washington; was himself a ivriter of 
verses; by President Taylor was appointed Marshal 
of Eastern Pennsylvania, and re-appointed by Presi- 
dent Polk; in 1847 was made President of the " Lib- 
erty Union"; was one of the Managers of the Phila- 
delphia Art Union; in 1852 was elected Mayor of 
Reading; was a Presidential Elector in 1860; took an 
interest in raising troops for the Rebellion. Died 
suddenly, June 10, 1801, while drilling a company 
for the war. 

Keim, ■William High; was born near Read- 
ing, Pennsylvania, June 13, 1813, was educated at 
the Mount Airy Jlilitary School; rose by regular de- 
grees to the rank of Major-General of Militia; in 1848 
was elected Mayor of Reading; in 1859 was elected a 
Representative in Congress; was also Surveyor- 
General of the State; was placed in command of a 
Division of the Volunteer Army in 1861 ; after a cam- 
paign on the Upper Potomac was appointed a Brig- 
adier-General in the Regular Army; served with 
honor in the Army of the Potomac. ' Died at Harris- 
burg, May 18, 1862, of typhoid fever, contracted 
while in command of his brigade on the Peninsula. 

Keitt, La-wrence M.; was born in Orangeburg 
District, South Carolina, October 4, 1824; graduated 
at the College of South Carolina in 1843; studied law, 
and was admitted to practice in 1845; was elected to 
the State Legislature in 1848; in 1853 was elected to 
a seat in the National House of Representatives; was 
consecutively re-elected until December, 1860, when 
he resigned, serving in the Thirty-fifth Congress as 
Chairman of the Committee on Public Buildings and 
Grounds; just before leaving Congress was elected to 
the Seceding Convention of South Carolina, and sub- 
sequently took an active part in the great Rebellion 
as a member of the Confederate Congress; was killed 
in battle, in Virginia, June, 1864. 

Kelley, ■William D.; was born at Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania, April 12, 1814; received a good En- 
glish education; commenced life as a reader in a 
printing-office; spent seven years as an apprentice in 
a jewelry establishment; removed to Boston and fol- 
lowed his trade there for four years, devoting .some 
attention to literary matters; returned to Phihwiel- 
jdiia, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1841 ; held the ofl^ce of Judge of the Court of Com- 
mon Pleas in Philadelphia for some years; in addi- 
tion to his many political speeches, anumbcr of lit- 
erary addresses have been published from his pen; 
was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to 
the Thirty-seventh Congre.ss, serving as a member of 
the Committees on Indian .\ffairs, and Expenditures 
on Public Buildings; was re-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth fiMigre-ss, serving on the Committees on Agri- 
culture, and on Naval Adaii-s; was re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committees on 



276 



BIOGRAPHICAL AN-NALS. 



the Library, Naval Affairs, and on Freedmen; was a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion " of 186fj; was re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on old Committees and as Chairman of 
that on Weights and Measures; was re-elected to the 
four succeeding Congresses, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on the Centennial Celebration; was 
re-elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-sev- 
enth, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congress. 

Kellogg, Charles ; was a native of Berkshire 
County, Massachusetts; served six j'ears in the Xew 
York Assembly from Cayuga County; was a Kepre- 
sentative in Congress from that State from 18'25 to 
1827. 

Kellogg, Francis W.; was born in Washing- 
ton, Hampshire County. Massachusetts, May 30, 181(1; 
received a limited education, and, having removed 
to Michigan, entered into the business of lumbering; 
served in the Legislature of Michigan; was elected a 
Representative from that State to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the Committee on 
Invalid Pensions; was re-elected to the Thirty-sev- 
enth Congress, serving on the Committees on Public 
Lands and on Expenditures in the Post Office De- 
partment; was also re-elected to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, and was a member of the Committee on 
Military Affairs; in IStio wasappointed, by President 
Johnson, Collector of Internal Revenue for Alabama, 
and was elected from that State to the Fortieth Con- 
gress. 

Kellogg, Orlando ; was born in Elizabethtown, 
New York, June 18, 1809; studied law and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1838; in 1840 was appointed 
Surrogate of Essex County, which office he held for 
four years; in 1846 w.as elected a Representative from 
New York to the Thirtieth Congress; also re-elected 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Manufactures, and on the Militia; was 
re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, but died at 
Elizabethtown, August 24, 1865, before taking his 
seat. 

Kellogg, Stephen W.; was born in Shelburne, 
Massachusetts, April .5, 1822; graduated at Y'ale Col- 
lege in 1846; studied law, and practiced at Nauga- 
tuck and Waterbury; was .Judge of the New Haven 
County Court in 1854; Clerk of the State Senate in 
1851; member of the State Senate in 1853, and of the 
State House of Representatives in 1856; elected Judge 
of Probate in 1854, and held the office six years; was 
a Delegate to the National Republican Con%-entions 
of 1860 and 1868; was elected to the Forty-fii-st, 
Forty-second, and Forty-third Congresses, serving on 
the Committees on the Pacific Railroad, War Claims, 
and Chairman of that on Reform in the Civil Ser- 



Kellogg, 'William ; was born in Ashtabula 
County, Ohio, .Fulj' 8, 1814; removed to Illinois in 
1837; his education was obtained in the common 
schools of the country; studied law, and acquired an 
extensive practice in disputed land titles in Illinois; 
served in the State Legislature in 1849 and 1850; 
was three years Judge of the Circuit Courtof Illinois; 
was elected a Representative from that State to the 
Thirtj'-fifth Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Public Expenditures; was re-elected 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Judiciary 
Committee, and on the Special Committee of Thirty- 
three on the Rebellious States; re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Judiciary 
Committee, and that on Government Expenditures; 
in 1864 was appointed, by President Lincoln, Min- 



ister to Guatemala, and in 1S66, by President John- 
.son, Chief Justice of Nebraska Territory. 

Kellogg, 'William Pitt ; was born at Orwell, 
A''ermont, December 8, 1831; removed to Illinois in 
1848; studied law, and came to the bar in 1854; was 
a Presidential Elector in 1856 and 1860, and a Dele- 
gate to the Republican Conventions of tho.se years; 
was appointed, by President Lincoln, Chief Justice 
of Nebraska, which position he resigned to take 
command of a cavalry regiment at the breaking out 
of the Rebellion of 1861 ; for his services in Southern 
Missouri and in the Corinth campaign, was made a 
Brigadier-Cieneral; left the army on account of im- 
paired health; was appointed Collector of the Port of 
New Orleans; in 1868 was elected a Senator in Con- 
gressfrom Louisiana for the term ending in 1871, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Commerce and Private 
Land Claims; was subsequently elected Governor of 
Louisiana, his right to be recognized as such having 
been contested with much bitterness between the 
political parties of the State; was a Delegate to the 
Republican National Conventions of 1868, 1876, and 
1880; was again elected to the United States Senate 
for the term of six years from March 4, 1877; in 1882 
w;is elected a Representative to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress. 

Kelly, James ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania, from 1805 to 1809. 

Kelly, James K.; was born in Centre County, 
Pennsylvania, February 16, 1819; graduated at 
Princeton College in 1839; studied law, and came to 
the bar in 1842; went to California in 1849, and to 
Oregon in 1851; in 1852 was elected one of three 
comniissioner.s to prepare a code of laws for that 
Territory, was a member of the Legi.slative Council 
from 1853 to 1857; a member of the Convention 
which framed the Constitution of Oregon in 18.57; 
was a Senator in the State Legislature IVom 1860 to 
1864; was appointed United States District Attorney 
for Oregon in 1860, but declined; in 1855 was chosen 
Lieutenant-Colonel of the First Regiment of Oregon 
Mounted Volunteers, and was engaged in the Yaki- 
ma Indian war in 1855 and 1856; was elected a Sen- 
ator in Congress for the term commencing in 1871 
and ending in 1877, serving on the Committees on 
Post Offices, Mines and Mining, and Military Aftairs. 

Kelly, John; was born in the city of New Y'ork, 
April 21, l'^21; was educated at the public schools in 
that city; was by trade a mason; was Alderman of 
the city for two years; was elected a Representative 
in the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses, 
serving on the Committee on Ways and Means; in 
October, 1858, was elected High Sheriff for the City 
and County of New Y'ork; was a Delegate to the 
"Chicago Convention" of 1864. Died in New York 
City, June 1, 1886. 

Kelly, Milton ; was born in New Y'ork ; ap- 
pointed an Associate Justice of the United States 
Court for the Territory of Idaho. This Judge has 
been incorrectly placed upon the records as Kellogg. 

Kelly, 'William ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Louisiana during the years 1821 and 1822, 
and a Seuator in Congress from 1822 to 1825. 

Kelsey, 'William H.; was bom in Smyrna, New 
Y'ork, October 2, 1812; adopted the profession of the 
law; in 1840 was appointed Surrogate of Livingston 
County; in 1850 District Attorney of the same Coun- 
ty; was elected a Representative from New Y'ork to 
the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses, serving 



B I O G I{ A P H 1 C A L A N N A 1> 8 . 



277 



on the Committee on Agriculture; re-eleotcd to the 
Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses, serving on the 
Committees on Appropriations and Accounts. 

Kelso, John R.; was born in Franklin County, 
Ohio, March 21, 18:51; educated at Pleasant Kidge 
College, Missouri; was for a time the Principal of an 
academy; served through the war for the Union as a 
Lieutenant and Captain ; in 18(14 was elected a Kep- 
resentative from Missouri to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress, serving ou the Committee on the Post Office 
and Post Koads; was also a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia "Loyalists' Convention" of 181)6. 

Kemble, Gouvernetir ; was born in New York; 
was a Kepresentative in Congress from 1837 to 1841. 

Kemper, James L.; was born in Madison Coun- 
ty, Virginia, in 1824; was educated at Washingtcm 
College and at the Virginia Military Institute; be- 
came a lawyer in 1846; served throui;h the war with 
Mexico as a Captain; served ten years in the Legisla- 
ture of his native State; served as a Colonel, and be- 
came a jMajor-General in the Confederate Army dur- 
ing the Rebellion, having been wounded and left for 
dead on the field of battle at Gettysburg; in 1874 was 
elected Governor of Virginia. 

Kempshall, Thomas; was born in England; 
having emigrated to Now York, was a Kepresentative 
in Congress from that State from 1839 to 1841: was 
one of the pioneers of Kochester, and died in that 
city, January 14, 1865. 

Kenan, Thomas ; was born in Duplin County, 
North Carolina, in 1771; in 1799 was a member of 
the House of Delegates; served in the State Senate 
in 1804; was a Eepresentative in Congress from 
North Carolina from 1805 to 1811; subsequently re- 
moved to Alabama, where he served for many years 
in the Legislature of that State, but declined a re- 
election to Congress. Died near Selma, October 22, 
1843. 

Kendall, Amos ; was born in Dunstable, Massa- 
chusetts, August 16, 1789; commenced his education 
while a farmer's boy at the academies of New Ipswich 
and Groton; taught school at North Heading; with 
the money thus obtained, entered Dartmouth Col- 
lege, and graduated with honor; in 1811 commenced 
the study of law; in 1814 visited AVashington City, 
and thence went to Lexington, Kentucky, where he 
was a tutor for one year in the family of Henry Clay; 
in 1816 was appointed Postmaster of Georgetown, 
Kentucky; while practicing his profession edited a 
newspaper called the Argus, and for many years was 
a constant writer for the political press; became a 
Director in the Bank of the Commonwealth; in 1829 
w;ts appointed, by President Jackson, Fourtli Aud- 
itor of the Treasury; in May, 1835, was promoted to 
the position of Postmaster-General, in which position 
he continued under President Van Buren until May, 
1840; subsequently took up his residence in Washing- 
ton City; soon after the claims of Professor Morse in 
reg.ird to the telegraph liad been recognized by Con- 
gress, he became identified with the practical work- 
ings of that invention: was also the founder of the 
Diaf and Dumb Institution in Washington, and at 
the cost of one hundred thousand dollars, built, as 
a memorial to his wife, the Calvary Baptist Church 
of Wa.shington ; in 1860 went to Europe on a tour of 
pleasure, extending his travels to the Holy Land; at 
the time of his death was engaged in writing a His- 
tory of his Life and Times; was also the author of a 
Life of Andrew Jackson. Died iu Washington, June 
12, 18G9. 



Kendall, Charles West ; was born in Seui-s- 
mont. Maine. A|nil 22, 1H28; was educated at Phil- 
lips' Academy, Massachusetts, and attended a jiar- 
lial course at Yale College; studied law in Sacra- 
mento, California, and practiced in Nevada; was a 
member of the Legislature of Califoruia in 1861 and 
1862; was elected to the Forty-second and Forty- 
third Congresses from Ne\ada, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Mines and Mining and Treasury Depart- 
ment. 

Kendall, Jonas; was born at Worcester, Massa- 
chusetts, in 1757; obtained a finished education by 
liis own unaided exertions; served thirteen years in 
the Legislature of Massachusetts; was a Heprcsenta- 
tive in Congress from that State from 1819 to 1821. 
Died in Leominster, Massachusetts, October 22, 1844. 

Kendall, Joseph G-.; was born in 1788; gradu- 
ated at Harvard University in IslO; was a tutor 
there from 1812 to l8l9: was a Keprcsentative in 
Congi'ess from Massachusetts from 1829 to 1833; was 
then appointed Clerk of the State Courts. Died at 
Worcester, Massachusetts, October 2, 1847. 

Kenna, John E.; was born at Valcoulon, Vir- 
ginia (now West Virginia), April 10, 1848; served in 
the Confederate Army during the War of the Rebel- 
lion; afterwards attended St. Vincent's College, at 
Wheeling, AVest Virginia; studied law; was admitted 
to practice in 1870; was Prosecuting Attorney from 
1872 to 1877; was elected a Representative I'rom West 
Virginia to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-sev- 
enth, and Forty-eighth Congresses; resigned in 1883 
to take his scat as a Senator of the United States 
from West Virginia for the term of six years from 
March 4, 1883. 

Kennedy, Andre'w; was born in Ohio in 1810; 
was bred a blacksmith, and at the age of nineteen 
could neither read nor write; subsequently studied 
law; was a member of the State Senate of Indiana; 
represented that State in Congress 1841 to 1847. 
Died at Muncietown, Indiana, December 31, 1847. 

Kennedy, Anthony; was bom in Baltimore, 
Maryland in 1811; when ten years of age removed to 
Virginia; was educated at Jefferson Academy, Charles- 
town, Virginia; studied law, but abandoned it, and 
subsequently engaged in the manufacture of cotton, 
and in planting; was a member of the Legislature of 
Virginia from 1839 to 1843; was an unsuccessful 
candidate for Congress from Virginia; removed to 
Baltimore in 1850; was elected to the Maryland Leg- 
islature in 1856, serving as Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Ways and Means; was elected to the United 
States Senate for six years from March 4, 1857, serv- 
ing as a member of the Committee on Private Land 
Claims and on the District of Columbia. 

Kennedy, James K.; was an Associate Justice 
of the United States Court tor the Territory of Wash- 
ington. 

Kennedy, John P.; was bom in Baltimore, 
October, 1795; studied law, and practiced in that city 
uutil 1838; was a member of the House of Delegates 
of Maryland in 1820, 1822, and 1846; w.as Speaker in 
the latter year; was Secretary of Legation to Chili in 
1823; in 1838 was elected to the House of L'epresent- 
atives in the Federal Legislature, and served in that 
I)ody through the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-.seventh, and 
Tuenty-eiglith Congresses; his last national position 
was that of Secretary of the N;ivy, under President 
Fillmore; in 1849 was chosen by the Rcgeutp of the 
University of Maryland to preside over that institu- 



278 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



tion as Provost; among his various political tracts, 
speeches, reports, ami addresses, which have been 
published, are "A Review of Mr. f'^^mbrelmg s Fiee 
Trade Report, bv Mephistopheles," in 1830; ilie 
Memorial of the'Permanent Committee ot the .New 
York Convention of Fi-iends of Domestic Industry, 
in 1833; an elaborate report on "Tlie Commerce and 
Navi.'ation of the United States, by the Committee ol 
Commerce" (of wliich Mr. Kennedy was Chairman), 
in 1842; and a report from the same Committee on 
"The Wareliouse System," in 1-13; ))esides these, he 
published several pamphlets and tracts, in delense ot 
the protective system ; in the fieUl of general iterature 
he is Icnown to' the public as the author ot bwallow 
Barn; a Sojourn in tlie Old Dominion," Hor*f l;oe 
Roliinson," "Rob of the Bowl," "Quod Libet, 
"Memoirs of the Life of William Wirt, late Attorney- 
General of the United States," sundry historical, 
biographical and literary discourses, essays and re- 
views, which haxe not yet Ifteu collected into 
volumes; he was an active member of the Historical 
Society of Maryland, and for a long time its Vice- 
President. Died at Newport, Rhode Island, in 
August, 1870. 

Kennedy, Joseph C. G.; was born at Meadville, 
Pennsylvania, April 1, 1813; was educated at Alle- 
gheny College, Pennsylvania; read law; at an early 
a"-e became the owner of two newspapei-s; in 1849 was 
appointed Secretary of the United States Census 
Board; drafted the bill for the establishment ot the 
Census Bureau, which was passed by Congress, and 
was appointed the first Superintendent ot the 
Bureau, conducting the collection of statistics of the 
Seventh Census; in 1851 was commissioned to visit 
Europe in the interest of statistics and cheap postage; 
was a member of the International Statistical Con- 
gress held at Brussels and Paris; in 18.56 was Secre- 
tary of the United States Commission to the World s 
Fair at London, England; was again at the head ot 
the Census Bureau in ISUO; was a Commissioner to 
the International Exhibition of 1801; w;is Corre- 
sponding Secretary of the National Institute, and ot 
the United States Agricultural Society, and Editor 
of the journal of the latter; was a member ot the 
Statistical Board of Belgium; of the Geographical 
Society of Prussia; of the Statistical Societies ot 
France, England, and Ireland, and of other European 
and American :issociations; in 18Gt) was presented, 
by the King of Denmark, with a gold medal for his 
services in statistics; iii 1867 received the degree of 
LL.D. 

Kennedy, 'WilUarQ ; was a Representative in 
Congress from North Carolina trom 1803 to 1805, 
fronTlbOS to 1811, and from lbl3 to 1815. 

Kennett, Luther M.; was born in Falmouth, 
Pendleton County, Kentucky, March 15, 18U7; re- 
ceived a good English and classical education; wiis, 
for a number of years. Deputy Clerk of Pendleton 
and Campbell Counties; studied law; in 1825 re- 
moved to Missouri, where he engaged in mercantile 
pursuits; having settled in St. Louis in 1842, was 
elected to the Councils of that city; in 1849 was 
Chairman of the " Pacific Railroad Convention," held 
in St. Louis, and subsequently Vice-President of the 
company formed for commencing the work; in 1850 
was elected Mayor of St. Louis, and re-elected in 
1851 and 1852; in 1853 was elected President of the 
St. Louis and Iron Mountain Railroad; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Missouri (St. Louis Dis- 
trict) ti-om 1855 to 1857. 

Kennon, 'Williani ; was born in Pennsylvania; 
emiurated to Ohio ; was elected a Representative in 



Congress from that State from 1829 to 1833, from 1833 
to 1837, and from 1847 to 1849. 

Kent, Ed-ward ; was born in Concord, New 
Hampshire, January 8, 1802; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1821; studied law and attended a 
course of lectures by Chancellor Kent in New York; 
settled in practice at Bangor, Maine, in 1825, and be- 
came eminent in his profession; in 1827 was appoint- 
ed Chief .Justice of the Clourt of Sessions for Penob- 
scot County; from 1829 to 1833 was a member of the 
Legislature; was afterwards Mayor of Bangor for 
two years; was Governor of Maine from 1838 to 
1840; in 1843 was appointed by the Legislature one 
of the Commissioners for .settling the Maine boun- 
dary line under the Ashhurton Treaty; in 1848 was 
a Delegate to the Convention which nominated Gen- 
eral Taylor, and was appointed by him, upon his 
elevation to the Presidency, Consul to Rio Janeiro; in 
the spring of 1854 returned to Bangor and resumed 
his profession; in 1859 was appointed Associate 
Judge of the Supreme Court of Maine; in 1855 re- 
ceived the degree of LL.D. from Wat. College. 

Kent, Joseph; was born in 1779 in Calvert 
County, Maryland; was educated for a physician, and 
combined the practice of his profession with the pur- 
suits of agriculture; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from his native State from 1811 to 1815, ancl 
from 1821 to 1826; Governor of Maryland from 1826 
to 1829; United States Senator from 1833 to 1837. 
Died near his residence in the vicinity of Bladens- 
burg, Maryland, November 24, 1839. 

Kent, Mass ; was the father of James Kent ; 
was a member of the New York Assembly in 1807 
and 1810, from Jefterson County; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from that State from 1813 to 1817. 

Kent, William ; was born in 1802 and was the 
son of James Kent; was for many years, a success- 
ful lawyer in New York City, and a Judge of the 
Circuit "Court; for a short time was a Professor in 
Harvard University. Died at Fishkill, New York, 
.January 4, 1861. 

Kenyon, "Williani S.; was elected a Represent- 
ative from New York to the Thirty-si.xth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on Private 
Land Claims. 

Ker, David ; was an early emigrant to the Ter- 
ritory of Mississippi, and in 18ti2 was appointed a 
Judge of the United States Court for that Territory. 

Kernan, Francis ; was born in Steuben County, 
New Y'ork, January 14, 1816; received his educa- 
tion at the Georgetown College, District of Colum- 
bia; adopted and practiced the profession of law; 
held, for a time, the office of Reporter of the Court of 
Appeals; served in the State Legislature; was elected 
a Representative from New York to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Committee on the 
Judiciary; was a Regent of the University of Utica; 
a Delegate to the "State Constitutional Convention" 
of 1867. and the National Convention held in New 
York in 1868; was subsequently elected to the United 
States Senate for the term commencing in 1875, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Finance and Patents. 

Kerr, John ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania from 1813 to 1817. 

Kerr, John ; was bom in North Carolina; re- 
ceived a' liberal education, and adopted the profes- 
sion of the law; was a Representative in Congress 
from his native State from 1853 to 1855; was subse- 
quently elected to the House of Commons of that 
State. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



27S 



Kerr, John Bozman ; was born at Easton, Tal- 
bot County, Maivland, March 5, 1809; graduated at 
Harvard University in 1830; studied law at Easton, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1833; was a member 
of the General Assembly of Maryland from 1836 to 
1838; from 1847 to 1849 acted as Deputy for the At- 
torney-General of Maryland for Talbot County; from 
1849 to ISiil was a Representative in Congress, and 
at the end of the session was appointed, by President 
Fillmore, Chari)!; d'AfaUrs to the Republic of Nica- 
ragua; during the Revolution of 1851 had the good 
fortune, as the National Representative in Central 
America, to bring about an armistice, and was instru- 
mental in saving the lives of leading officers of the 
revolutionary partv, for which he received a formal 
expression of thanks from the Executive on leaving 
the country ; in 1853 the Congress of tlie United States 
voted him an extra sum for services in Central 
America; in 1854 resumed the practice of his protes- 
sion in tlie city of Baltimore; subsequently held an 
office under the Attorney-General in Washington, 
after which he was appointed Deputy Solicitor ot tlu' 
Court of Claims. He was the son of J. L. Kerr. 

Kerr, John L.; was born at Greenbury Point, 
near Annapolis, Marvland, .lanuary 15, 1780; gradu- 
ated at St. .John's College in 1799, studied law with 
John Leeds Bozman, and practiced the protession 
with success; was a Representative in Congress from 
Maryland from 1825 to 18-29, and again from 1831 to 
1833; was a Senator in Congress from 1841 to 1843; 
was a member of the " National Convention" held at 
Harrisburg in 1839; was at the head of the electoral 
ticket for President during the same year; before en- 
tering Congress was the Agent of Maryland in the 
prosecution of militia claims against the United 
States. Died at his homestead, in Maryland, Feb- 
ruary 21, 1844. 

Kerr, Joseph; was a Senator in Congress from 
Ohio from 1814 to 1815, having succeeded Thomas 
Worthington. 

Kerr, Michael C; was born near Titusville, 
Crawford County, Pennsylvania, March 15, 18:.'7; 
was chiefly self-educated, but studied at several 
academies; for a time tauglit school ; studied law in 
the University of Louisville, and received the degree 
of Bachelor of Laws; after a brief residence in Ken- 
tucky settled at New Albany, Indiana; in 1856 was 
elected for two years to the State Assembly; in 18G2 
was elected Reporter to the Supreme Court of the 
State, and published five volumes; in 1864 was 
elected a Representative from Indiana to the Tliirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Committees on Private 
Land Claims, and on Accounts; was re-elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Elections, and Roads and Canals; was re-elected to 
the Forty -first and Forty -second Congresses, serving 
on various important Committees, chiefly the Judi- 
ciary ha%'ing been re-elected to the Forty-tburth 
Congress, was the choice of his party for Speaker, 
and "was duly elected. Died August 20, 1876. 

Kerrigan, James B.; was elected a Represent- 
ative from New York to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
leaving his seat for a time to serve as Colonel ot Vol- 
uuteei-s in the troubles of 1861. 

Kershaw, John ; was a native of South Caro- 
lina- was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1813 to 1815, when he was appointed, by 
President Madison, one of the three Commissioners 
to run the Creek boundary lines. 



Ketcham, John H.; was born in Dover, Dutch- 
ess County, New York, December 21, 1831; received 
an academic education; adopted the occupation of a 
farmer; was for two years Supervisor of liis native 
town; was a member of the As.senibly in 1856 and 
1857; of the State Senate in 18C0 and 1861; in 1862 
entered the military service, and as Colonel of the 
One Hundred and Fiftieth New York VoUintccrs 
served until January, 1865, when he was made a 
Brigadier-General by brevet, which position he re- 
signed in March, 1865, having previously been elected 
a Representative from New York to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress; served on the Committee on Military 
Afiairs; was also one of the Representatives desig- 
nated by the House to attend the funeral of General 
Scott in 1866 ; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Expenditures in the 
Post Ollice Department, and Military Alfairs; also 
re-elected to the Forty-first and Forty-second Con- 
gresses, serving on various Committees; in 1874 was 
appointed one of the Commissioners for the District 
of Columbia, serving until 1877; was a Delegate to 
the Republican National Convention of 1876; was 
elected a Representative from New York to the Forty- 
tilth Congress, and was re-elected to the Forly-si.xth, 
Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-niuth Con- 
gresses. 

Ketohum, 'Winthrop W.; was born at Wilkes- 
bane, Pennsylvania, June -.J;*, 1820; was school teacher 
for eight years; was admitted to the bar in 1850; was 
Prothonotary of the Court of Common Pleas of Lu- 
zerne County from 1855 to 1858; was a member of 
the House of Representatives of the State in 1859; 
State Senator in 1860, 1801, and 1862; was appointed 
Solicitor of the United States Court of Claims, by 
Mr. Lincoln, in 1865; held the office two years and 
resigned; was elected a Representative from Penn- 
sylvania to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Key, David M.; was born in Greene County, 

Tennessee, January 27, 1824; studied law, and was 
admitteil to ju-actice in 1850; was a menilier of the 
State Constitutional Convention of 1870; was Chan- 
cellor of the Third Chancery Division of the State 
from 1870 to 1875, when he was appointed United 
States Senator for the unexpired term of Andrew 
Johnson, deceased, serving until 1877; was Postmas- 
ter-General in the Cabinet of President Hayes from 
1877 to 1880, when he resigned, and was appointed 
United States District Judge for the Eastern and 
Middle Districts of Tennessee. 

Key, Philip; was born in St. Mary's County, 
Maryland, in 1750; received a classical and commer- 
cial education; was devoted to agricultural pursuits; 
served a number of years in the Legislature of Mary- 
land, and was for one or two terms Speaker; also 
rendered some service in the Municipal Courts of his 
native county; was a Representative in Congress from 
ilaryland from 1791 to 1793. Died, in his native 
place, in January, 18-20. 

Key, Philip Barton ; was born in Cecil County, 
Maryland, in 17(;5; was liberally educ^ited: entered 
the English Army as a Capla'u, and \\Iien the Revo- 
lutionary War broke out refused to bear arms against 
the Colonies; had a small coinnuuid, and did some 
service at Pensacola, Florida, where lie wjis a hard 
student; alter the peace, returned to Maryland, where 
he took a high position ;is a lawyer; represented 
Annapolis in the State Legislature; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from Maryland from 1807 to 1813. 
Died at Georgetown, District of Columbia, July 28, 
1815. 



280 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Keyes, Elias ; was born in Ashford, Connecti- 
cut; was a member of the Legislature of Vermont, 
from Stockbridge County, for a period of eigliteen 
years; from 1803 to 1818 was a State Councilor; was 
a Representative in Congress from Vermont from 1821 
to 1893. 

Kidder, David ; was born in Dresden, Lincoln 
County, Maine, December 8, 1787; received a classi- 
cal education from private tutors; studied law, and 
settled in Somerset County, where he was County 
Attorney liom 1811 to 1823; was a Kepresentative in 
Congress from Maine from 1823 to 1827; a member 
of the State Legislature in 1829. Died November 1, 
1860. 

Kidder, Jefferson P.; was born at Brain tree, 
Vermont, in 1814 ; was educated at the common 
schools; graduated at the Norwich University ; studied 
and practiced law; was State Attorney from 1842 to 
1847; a member of the State Constitutional Conven- 
tion in 1843; of the State Senate in 1847 and 1848; 
Lieutenant-Governor in 1853 and 1854; removed to 
Minnesota in 1857; was elected to the Legislature in 
1860, 18C2, and 1863; was a Provisional Delegate 
from Dakota Territory, while traveling there; was 
appointed an Associate .Judge of the Supreme Court 
of Dakota in 1805, and removed there; was rc-ap- 
poinfed in 1869, and again in 1873; after hohling the 
position ten years, resigned on being elected a Dele- 
gate from Dakota to the Forty-tburth Congress; was 
re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress; in 1883 was ap- 
pointed an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court 
of Dakota; died at St. Paul, Minnesota, October 2, 
1883. 

Kid-well, Zedekiah ; was born in Fairfax Coun- 
ty, Virginia, January 4, 1814; was educated l)y his 
father; studied medicine, and graduated at the Jef- 
ferson Medical College of Philadelphia in 1839; after 
practicing medicine some years, in 1848 commenced 
the study of law, and began to practice as a lawyer 
in 1849; served a number of years in the Legislature 
of Virginia; was a member of the "State Cuiistitu- 
tional Convention" in 1849; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1852; w;is a Representative in Congiess 
from Virginia from 1853 to 1857; in 1857 was elected 
one of three Commissioners to superintend the pub- 
lic works for the State of Virginia, representing in 
that lioard the Third District. Died at Fairmount, 
April 27, 1872. 

Kilbourn, James ; was born in New Britain, 
Connecticut, October 19, 1770; while apprentice<l as 
a farmer's boy received instruction in Latin and 
Greek and mathematics from the son of his employer; 
■was ne.xt a mechanic, then a merchant and manutac- 
turer; finally studied divinity, and became a clergy- 
)nan of the Episcopal Church; in 1803 was instru- 
mental in forming an emigrating colony to Central 
Ohio, called the "Scioto Company"; a town was 
soon organized, and named Wortliington; in 1805 was 
appointed, by Congress, to the office of United States 
Surveyor of Public Lands; in 1806 was cho,sen by the 
Legislature a member of the Board of Trustees of 
Ohio College, at Athens; in 1812 was appointed, by 
the President, a Commissioner to settle the boundary 
between the Public Lands and the Virginia Reserva- 
tion, and also commissioned as Colonel of the Fron- 
tier Regiment; was one of the Commissioners for lo- 
cating Miami University, and President of the Board 
of Trustees of Wortliington College; Irom 1813 to 
1817 was a Representative in Congress from Ohio; in 
1823 was elected to the Ohio Legislature, serving on 
fourteen committees; was re-elected in 1838; subse- 
quently devoted much attPBtion to matters of state 
policy. Died in Worthington, Ohio, April 24, 18.50. 



Kilgore, Daniel ; was born in Virginia; was a 
Representative in Congress from Ohio from 1835 to 
1839. Died in New York, December 12, 1851. 

Kilgore, David ; was born in Harrison County, 
Kentucky, April 3, 1804; removed, with his father, 
to Indiana, in 1819, and settled in Franklin County; 
received a common school education ; commenced the 
study of law in 1825, and was admitted to practice 
in 1830; removed to Delaware County; in 1833 was 
elected to the State Legislature, and served several 
years; in 1839 was elected by the Legislature Presi- 
dent Judge of the Judicial Circuit in which he re- 
sided, and held the office seven years; in 1850 was a 
Delegate to the Constitutional Convention of the 
State;' in 1854 was again elected to the Legislature, 
and was Speaker of the House; in 1856 was elected 
a Representative from Indiana to the Thirty-fifth 
Congress; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving as a member of the Committee on Ex- 
])enditures in the Treasury Dejiartment and that on 
the District of Columbia; was a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "National Union Convention " of 1866. 

Kille, Joseph ; was born in New Jersey; was a 
Ecjuesentative in Congress from that State from 1839 
to 1841. 

Killinger, John "W.; was born in Lebanon, Penn- 
sylvania, September 25, 1825; graduated at Marshall 
College in 1843; studied law, and came to the bar in 
1846; was Attorney for Lebanon County until 1849; 
was elected to the House of Representatives of the * 
State in 1850 and 1851 ; was elected to the State Senate 
in 1 854, serving three years ; was elected a Representar- 
tive from Pennsylvania to Thirty-sixth, Thirty-.sev- 
enth, Forty-second, and Forty-third Congiesses, 
serving on the Committees on Revision of Laws and 
Pacific Railroad; was also elected to the Forty-fifth 
and Forty-sixth Congresses. 

Kilpatrick, Judson; -was born near Dicker- 
town, New Jersey, .January 14, 1836; graduated at 
AVest Point in 1861; entered the First Artillery, and 
was wounded at Big Bethel, Virginia, in June, 1861; 
was Lieutenant-Colonel of New York Cavalry in Sep- 
tember, 1861, and was at the Battle of Manassas; 
Colonel of Second New York Cavalry in 1862; Com- 
mander of Cavalry in 1863, and was brevetted Maicr 
after the action at Aldie; was Commander of Cavalry 
in the Army of the Potomac, and in the Army of the 
Cumberland, and was wounded at Resaca in 1864; 
was severely wounded, and brevetted Colonel in tho 
" March to the Sea"; was Captain of the Eighteenth 
Artillery in 1874; was brevetted Major-Geueral for 
the capture of Fayetteville, North Carolina, in Jfarch, 
1865; was Major-General of the United State.-- Army 
for campaign in the Carolinas; Major-General of 
Volunteers in June, 1865; was Minister to Chili from 
1865 to 1870; was again appointed Minister to Chili 
in 1881. Died at Santiago, Chili, December C, 1331. 

Kilty, "William; settled in the city of Washing- 
ton in 1800, and in the following year was appointed 
Chief Justice of the Circuit Court for the District of 
Columbia. 

Kimball, Alanson M.; was born in Buxton, 
Y(jrk County, Maine, March 12, 1827; received a 
common school and academic education; removed to 
tlie State of Wisconsin, and there became a member 
of the Legislature in 1863 and 1864; was by occupa- 
tion a merchant; in 1864 was elected a Representa- 
tive from Wisconsin to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Kimball, James Putnam ; was born at Salem, 
Massachusetts, April 26, 1836; was prejjared for col- 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



281 



lege at the Saleiu High School, and afterwards at- 
ten<led successively Harvard University, the Uni- 
versity of Friedrich Wilhelm, at Berlin, Germany, 
George Augusta University, at Goettingen, and the 
School ol' Mines, at Freilierg, Saxony; in 1857 re- 
ceived from George Augusta University the degrees 
of A. M. and I'li.D.; returned from Europe in 18o9, 
and became associated in the geological survey of 
the States of Wisconsin and Illinois; in 18GU was ap- 
pointed Professor of Chemistry and Economic Geol- 
ogy in the New York State Agricultural College, at 
Ovid, New York, now a part of Cornell University; 
in ]8(il entered the Union Army as Assistant Adju- 
tant-General, with the rank of Captain, and was 
assigned to duty as Chief of Staff under General Pat- 
rick; was in all the principal engagements partici- 
pated in by the Army of the Potomac until Decem- 
ber, 1862, when ill-health compelled him to resign 
his commission and retire to civil life: in 18113 was 
brevetted Major for gallant conduct; settled in New 
York City as a geologist and mining engineer, and 
rapidly gained distinction; in 1671! accepted the Hon- 
orary Professorship of Geology in Leliigh University, 
at Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, and took up his resi- 
dence in that place, still continuing bis business re- 
lations in New York City; became I'resident of the 
Everett Iron Company; in .)une, 1885, was ap- 
pointed, by Presi(leut Cleveland, Director of the 
United States Jlints. 

Kimball, Sumner I.; was born at Lebanon, 
Maine, September 2, 1834; received a classical edu- 
cation, graduating from Bowdoin College in 1855; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1858; 
was a Kepreseutative in the State Legislature in 
1859; practiced his profession one year at North Ber- 
wick, Maine, and one year at Boston, Massachusetts; 
in 1861 was appointed a lirst-class clerk in the office 
of the Second Auditor of the United States Treasury, 
at Washington; Avas promoted, through the succes- 
sive grades, to the post of Chief Clerk, now desig- 
nated Deputy Auditor; in 1871 w-as appointed Chief 
of the Revenue JIarine Division, in the Secretary's 
office, in charge of the Revenue Cutter Service and 
the Life-Saving Stations; on the erection of the Life- 
Saving Service into a separate bureau, by act of Con- 
gress, in 1878, was appointed, by the President, the 
General Superintendent of that service. 

Kimmell, 'William ; was born in Baltimore, 
Maryland; received a collegiate education; studied 
law, and was admitted to practice at Baltimore; be- 
came interested in agriculture, and was a Director in 
several railroad and commercial enterprises; was a 
member of the State Democratic Committee from 
1862 to 1865; a Delegate to the N.ational Democratic 
Convention in 1864; was a State .Senator from 1866 to 
1871; wa.s elected a Representative from Maryland to 
the Forty-tilth Congress; re-elected to the Forty-sixth 
Congress. Died December 28, 1886. 

Kincaid, John ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Kcntutky from 1829 to 1833. 

King, Adam; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1827 to 1833. Died 
Jlay 6, 1835. 

King, Andrew^ ; w;»s born in Greenbrier Coun- 
ty, Virginia, March 20, 1812; received a common 
school education; studied law, and settled in Mis- 
souri; was elected to the State Senate in 1846; to the 
House of Representatives in 18.58; w;is .ludge of the 
Circuit Court from 1859 to 1864; was elected to the 
Forty -second Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Frecdmen's Affairs. 



King, Austin A.; was born in Sullivan Coun- 
ty, Tennessee, Sejitember 20, 1801; received as good 
an education as the Country then affcnded; studied 
law, and was licensed to practice on Ijecomingof age; 
removed to Missouri in 1830; in 1834 was elected to 
the Jlissouri Legislature; was re-elected to the same 
position in ls3(i; in 1837 was ai)pointcd a Circuit 
Judge lor Ray County, which position he held until 
1848, when he w.is elected Governor of Missouri, the 
term of that office expiring in 18,")3; in 1862 was 
again placed upon the bench in his old Circ'uit; dur- 
ing that year was elected a Representative from Mis- 
souri to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on the Judiciary. Died in St. Louis, 
April 22, 1870. 

King, Cyrus; was born in Scarborough, Massa- 
chusetts, September 6, 1772; graduated from Colum- 
bia College in 1794; was Private Secretary to Senator 
Rufus King, his half brother, in 1796; studied law, 
and practiced twenty years in Saco; was a Major- 
General of Militia; was a Representative in Congress 
from Massachusetts from 1813 to 1817. Died April 
25, 1817. 

King, Daniel Putnam ; w.as born in Danvers, 
Massachusetts, in 1800; graduated at Harvard in 
1823; at lirst contemplated the study of law, butsoon 
abandoned it for the pr^ictice of agriculture; in 1836 
and 1837 was a member of the Massachusetts Legis- 
lature; in 1838 and 1839 was a meiliber of the 
State Senate; in 1840 and 1841 was President of 
that body; was Speaker of the House in 1843; during 
that year was elected a Representative in Congress, 
and held that position until his death, which oc- 
curred in Danvers, July 25, 1850. 

King, George C; was born in Rhode Island; 
graduated at Brown University in 1825; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Rhode Island from 1849 
to 1853; was Presidential Elector in 1849. Died at 
Newport, July 17, 1870. 

King, Henry ; was born in Hampden, Hamp- 
shire County, Massachusetts; studied law at Wilkes- 
Barre, Pennsylvania, and began pr.ictice at Allen- 
town, in the same State, about the year 1815; was a 
member of the Senate of Pennsylvania, when elected 
a Representative in the Twenty-second Congress; was 
re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress; separated 
from the Democratic party on the question of the re- 
moval of the government deposits from the Bank of 
the United States; retired from political life, and re- 
sumed the practice of law. Died July 13, 1861, aged 
seventy-one years. 

King, Horatio ; was born in Paris, Oxford 
County, Maine, June 21, 1811; his grandfather and 
three uncles fought in the Revolution; received a 
good common school education; when quite young 
became identified, as printer and publisher, with a 
newspaper called The Jcfftrxnnian, which was finally 
merged in The Easlerii Argus; in 1839 settled in 
Washington City as a clerk in the Post Office Depart- 
ment, where he continued, and received various pro- 
motions; in 1850, became connected with the Foreigtt 
Mail Service, in which capacity he originated and 
perfected certain jxistal arrangements of great import- 
ance; in 1854 Wius appointeil First Assistant Post- 
ma-ster-General, and in January, 1861, while acting 
as Postmaster-General, was questioned by a member 
of Congre.ss, from South Carolina, in regard to the 
franking privilege, when, by his reply, he was the 
lii-st officially to deny the power of a State to take 
itself out of the Union; from President Buchanan he 
received the appointment of Postmaster-General, 



282 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



serving fi-oni tlie 12th of February until the 4th of 
March, 18(il ; during tlie existence of the Rebellion 
he w;is appointed one of a Board of Commissioners to 
carry out the Emancipation Law for the District ol 
Columbia; also served gratuitously as Treasurer of 
the Maine Soldiers' Relief Association. 

King, James ; was born at Hii^hwood, New 
Jersey, in 1791; was taken to England by his father 
when American Minister, and was edncated there: 
graduated at Harvard College in 1810; was an emi- 
nent merchant and banker in New York City, w;is a 
Representative in Congress from New Jersey from 
1849 to 18.51. Died in High wood, New Jer.sey, 
October 3, 1853. 

King, J. Floyd; was born near St. Mary's, 
Georgia, .\pril 20, 1812; received a collegiate educa- 
tion; entered the Confedeiate Army and served 
throughout the war, attaining the rank of Colonel; 
removed to Louisiana, and became a planter, studied 
law; was appointed Brigadier-General of Militia; 
was elected Inspector of Levees, and President of the 
Board of School Directors of his District; also Trus- 
tee of the University of the South; was elected a 
Representative from Louisiana to the Forty-sixth, 
Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses; was re- 
elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

King, John ; was born in 1775; served in Con- 
gress as a Representative from Ne%v York, from 1831 
to 1833. Died at New Lebanon, New York, Septem- 
ber 1, 1836. 

King, John A.; was born in New York, .January 
3, 1788; was educated at Harrow, England; w.as 
somewliat devoted to farming; was a member of the 
New York Assembly from 1819 to 1821; was again 
elected in 1832 and in 1840 from Queens County; in 
1823 was elected to the State Senate; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from New York from 1849 to 
1551 ; was Governor of New York from 1856 to 1858: 
Rufus King, the diplomatist, was his father, and 
James G. King, of New Jer.sey, was his brother; was 
appointed Secretary of Legation at London in 1826, 
and, on the return of his father to the United States, 
acted as Charge d' Affaires; in 1859 was a Delegate to 
the "State Convention" held at Saratoga; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1860; was a Delegate to the 
"Peace Congress" of 1861; to the Philadelphia 
"National Union Convention " of 1866, and to the 
State "Constitutional Convention " of 1867. Died 
at .laraaica. Long Island, July 7, 1867. He was de- 
voted to fanning, and President of the State Agri- 
cultural Society for many years. 

King, John P.; was a Senator in Congress from 
Georgia, from 1833 to 1837. 

King, John "W.; was an Associate Justice of the 
United States Court for the Territory of Wyomino-. 

King, Perkins ; was born in New Marlborough, 
Berkshire County, Massachusetts, January 12, 1784; 
removed to Greene County, New York, in 1802, and 
devoted himself to the legal profession; in 1826 was 
made Judge of Greene County; and held the position 
until 1850; served two terms in the State Legisla- 
ture; was a Representative in Congress from New 
York, from 1829 to 1831. Died in Greene County, 
November 29, 1875, being then the oldest ex-Con- 
gressman in the State of New York. 

King, Preston; was born in Ogdensborg, St. 
tawrence County, New York, October 14, 1806; 
graduated at Union College; studied law, and prac- 
ticed the profession; during the administration of 



Andrew Ja<^kson he established and edited the St. 
Lawrence Kt-puhliian: in 1834 was appointed Post- 
master of Ogdensburg; was a member of the New 
York Legislature in 1835, 1836. 1837, and 1838; was 
a Representative in Congress from New York, from 
1843 to 1847, and again from 1849 to 1853; in 1857 
was elected a Senator in Congress, which position he 
retained until 1803, serving as Chairman of tlie Com- 
mittee on Revolutionary Pensions; during his service 
in the Senate was Chairman of the National Repub- 
lican Committee; was a Delegate to the "Baltimore 
Convention'' in 1864, and a Presidential Elector in 
the same year; in the summer of 1865 was appointed, 
by President John.son, Collector of the Port of New 
York. Was drowned in the harbor of New York, 
November 13, 1865, liaving, as itissnpposed, whilein 
a fit of derangement, thrown himself overboard from 
a ferry-boat. On the day that his successor in the 
Custom House entered upon his duties, in May, 1866, 
the body of the deceased was picked up in the Hud- 
son River, and was buried with suitable honors. 

King, Rufus ; w.as born in Scarborougli, Maine, 
March 24, 1755; was edncated atDummer Academy, 
in Newbury, Massachusetts; graduated at Harvard 
College in 1777; in 1778 was Aid-de-camp to Sulli- 
van in his expedition against the British in Rhode , 
Island; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 
Newburyport, Massachusetts, in 1780; was elected 
from that town to the State Legislature; in 1784 was 
elected a Deleg.ate to Congress at Trenton, was a 
member of the State Convention of Massachusetts 
held in 1787; was a member of the Convention which 
formed the Federal Constitution, and signed that in- 
strument; removing to New York City in 1778, he 
was, in 1789, elected a Senator in Congre.ss; was' 
again elected to the same position in 1813, remaining 
in that capacity until 1825; at the close of his first 
term in the Senate he was appointed, by President 
Washington, Minister to England, where he remained 
tlirough the whole of President Adams's term, and 
during two years of President Jefferson's term; in 
1825 President John Quincy Adams again appointed 
iiini Minister to England, but bad health ]irevented 
him from entering upon his duties, and, returning 
liome, he died at .Jamaica, Long Island. April 29, 
1827. As a statesman, diplomatist, and political 
writer, he displayed great ability, and wastlic author 
of many of the papers written on the British Treaty 
in 1794, over the signature of "Camilius. " As a 
man, he was universally respected and beloved. 

King, Raifus ; was born in New York City, Jan- 
uary 26, 1814; graduated at West Point in 1833; 
after serving in tlie Engineer Corps and a.ssisting in 
the building of Fortress Monroe; resigned his com- 
mission and became an engineer on the Erie Rail- 
way; was, for a time, connected with the Albany 
Eoening Journal; edited the New York Daily Adver- 
tiser; was appointed Adj utant-Gener.al of the State 
Militia; removed m Wisconsin and edited the Mil- 
waukee Sentinel until 1861 ; was appointed Minister 
to Rome, but reiinr/nished the position so that he 
might enter the army; commanded a division at 
Fredericksburg, Groveton, Manassas, Yorktown and 
Fairfa.x; resigned in 1863 and was re-appointed to 
Rome, where he remained until 1867; he w;is the son 
of Charles King, of Columbia College, and grandson 
of Rufus King, the Senator. 

King, Rufus H.; was born in New York; was a 
Representative in Congress from that .State I'rom 1855 
to 1857; was subsequently President of the New 
York State National Bank at Albany, and also of the 
Albany Insurance Company; a gentleman bearing 
the same name was appointed Minister to Rome. 



BIOGIJ ATH rCAL ANNALS. 



28S 



King, Samuel W.; was elected Lieutenant- 
Governor of Rhode Isla 'd in 1839; soon became the 
Acting Governor, and Ironi 1840 to 1843 was Gov- 
ernor of the State by election. 

King, T. Butler; wr born in Hampden, Hamp- 
shire County, Massachusett.s, Augu-st 27, 1804; was 
educated at Westfield Academy; studied law and re- 
moved to Georgia in 1S'.?3, wliere he devoted himself 
to planting; in the years 1832, 1834, 1835, and 1837, 
was a member of the State Senate; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from Georgia from 1839 to 1843; 
again fro'm 184.5 to 1847, and for another term ending 
■with 1849, serving much of tlie time on the Commit- 
tee on Naval Affairs, in whicli he took special inter- 
est; was also a member in 1833 of the " Milledgeville 
Convention," in 1836 of the " Macon Railroad Con- 
vention, " and in 1840 of the " Young Men's Con- 
vention " at Baltimore; besides serving as the Presi- 
dent of various canal and railroad companies; subse- 
quently became a resident of California, and was for 
two years Collector of the Port of San Francisco; 
returned to Georgia, and in 1859 was elected a Sena- 
tor in the State Legislature; was identified with the 
great Rebellion as Commis-sioner to Europe. Died in 
Georgia, May 10, 1804. 

King, ■William; was born at Scarborough, 
JIaine, February 9, 1768; removed to Topsham, and 
then to Bath in 1800; was a member of the Massa- 
chusetts Legislature for some years; took a promi- 
nent part in the Religious Freedom Act, and was the 
originator of the Betterment Act; advocated the 
separation of Maine and Massachusetts, \vhich was 
effected in 1819; was President of the Convention 
which framed the Constitution of Maine, and was its 
first Governor in 1820 and 1821; was United States 
Commiss.souer for the Adjustment of Spanish Claims 
from 1821 to 1824; was General of Militia and Col- 
lector of Customs at Bath, from 1831 to 1834. Died 
at Bath, Maine, June 17, 1852. 

King, William R.; was born in North Carolina, 
April 7, 1786; received a good education; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 180G; was a 
Representative in Congress from his native State 
from 1811 to- 1816; resigned that position, and ac- 
companied William Piuckney to Europe as Secre- 
tary of Legation ; on his return from Europe, settled 
in the Territoiy of Alabama, and devoted himself to 
pl.inting; was a member of the Convention which 
formed the State Constitution of Alabama; in 1819 
■was elected a Senator in Congress from Alabama, 
where he continued until 1844, serving as Chairman 
of the Committee on Public Lands, Commerce, and 
other imiHjrtant Committees; in that year was ap- 
pointed Minister to France, and continued there two 
years; in 1846 was again elected to the United States 
Senate, where he remained until elected Vice-Presi- 
dent of the United States in 1852. During the 
Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, Thirty- 
first, and Thirty-second Congresses, he oHiciated as 
President joro ^cHi. of the Senate, and as a presiding 
officer commanded universal respect. At the time of 
his election as Vice-President his healtli was leeble, 
and, when the time arrived for taking the Constitu- 
tional oath of that oliice, he was in Cuba, and the 
oath was administered by the American Consul there. 
He returned to his plantation at (.'ahawba, Alabama, 
April 17, 1853, and died the following day. 

King, William S.; was born in Malone, New 
York, December 16, 1828; received a common .school 
education; worked on a farm until his eighteenth 
year; tlieu engaged in the insurance business; in 
1852 began the publication, at Cooperetown, of a 



Free-soil paper called Tin' Tnic Denwcrat; in 185S re- 
moved to Minneajjolis, in Minnesota, and established 
The HInte Alius; was .subse<|uently elected Postmaster 
of the National House of Representatives lor the 
Thirty-seventh, Tliirty-eighth, Fortieth, Furty-lirst, 
and Forty -second Congn^sses; in 1874 was (4ected a 
Representative from Minnesota to the Forty-fourth 
Congress. 

King, Yel^verton P.; was born in Greene Coun- 
ty, Georgia, in 1794; studied law, and was admitted 
to the Ocmulgee bar; in 1830 was made State Super- 
intendent of Public Lands; was frequently elected to 
the State Legislature; was a Presidential Elector in 
1840; in 1850 was appointed, by President Fillmore, 
Minister to New Granada, which office he resigned at 
the end of two years, on account of his health; was a 
member of the Georgia Constitutional Convention in 
1865. Died in Greene County, August 5, 1868. 

Kingsbury, William W.; was born in Towan- 
da, Bradlbrd County, Pennsylvania, June 4, 1828; 
was self-educated; was bred a farmer; emigrated to 
Minnesota; in the year 1855 was elected a member of 
the Minnesota Legislature, and again in 1856; in 
1857 wa-s Delegate to the Convention lor framing a 
Constitution lor Minnesota; was elected a Delegate 
to the Thirty-fifth Congress. 

Kinkead, John H.; was Governor of Nevada 

from 1«78 to 1883. 

Kinloch, Francis ; was a Delegate from South 
Carolina to the Continental Congress, from 1780 to 
1781. 

Kinnard, George L.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Indiana from 1833 to 1837. Died at 
Cincinnati, November 26, 1838, from injuries re- 
ceived ou the 16th of that month on board the steam- 
boat Flora, which exploded near that city. 

Kinney, Jolm Fitch ; was born in New Haven, 
Oswego County, New York, April 2, 1816; receiveil 
an academic education; studied law; .si.'ttled in 
Marjsville, Ohio, and was admitted to practice in 
1837; in 1839 removed to Mount Vernon, Ohio, 
where he practiced law until 1844, when he lemoved 
to Lee County, lo\va; held the office of Secretary of 
the Legislative Council for Iowa Territory, and also 
that of District Attorney; upon the admission of 
Iowa as a State, was apiiointed one of the .ludgcs of 
the Supreme Court, hohliiig the office two years, 
when he was elected to the same office by the Legis- 
lature for six years; in 1853 was appointed, by Pres- 
ident Pierce, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of 
Utah, and went to that Territory in 1854; in 1857 
removed to Nebraska Territory, and settled in the 
pratice of law; in 1860 was again ap])ointcd Chief 
.lustic'e of Utah, holding that office until 1863. when, 
by a unanimous vote, he was elected a Delegate from 
Utah to the Thirty-eighth Congress. 

Kinney, William B.; was a citizen of Ne^w 
.lerscy; w;ls connected with the press of that State; 
in 1850 was ap])oiuted Cluirnc. iC Affaires to Sardinia, 
where he remained until 1853. 

Kinsella, Thomas ; was l)orn in Ireland in 1832; 
received a common school education; learned the 
trade of a printer, graduating as editor of the Brooklyn 
Eagle; held the local offices (in Brooklyn) of Water 
Commissioner and member of the Board of Educa- 
tion; was nominated as Postmaster of that city in 
1861), and again in 1867, by President .lohnson, but 
w;is rejected by the Senate; waa elected totheForty- 



SS4 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



second Congress from New York, scrvini; on the 
Committee on Pnblic Expenditures. Died in Brook- 
lyn, New York, February 11, 1884. 

Kinsey, Charles ; was .a Represent.ative in Con- 
gress from New Jersey from 1817 to 1819, and from 
1820 to 1821. 

K.insey, James; was a Delegate from New 
Jersey to tlie Continental Congress from 1774 to 1775, 
•when he resigned his seat; was active in the cause of 
the Revolution, and was a member of the Committee 
of Correspondence for Burlington County; in 1789 
was appointed Chief Justice of New Jersey. Died 
at Burlington, January 4, 1802, aged seventy years. 

Kinsley, Martin ; was born in Cridgewater, 
Massachusetts, .June 2, 1754; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1778, and studied medicine: perlbrmed 
some service in tlie Revolutionary War, and was 
chosen a Delegate to the Convention for forming the 
Constitution of his native State; served in the Legis- 
lature of Massachusetts about thirty years; ^vas also 
at different periods a member of the State Council, a 
Judge of the Court of Common Ple.as, and Judge of 
Probate; was a Representative in Congress from 
Massachusetts from 1819 to 1821. Died June 20, 
1835. 

Kirby, Ephraim ; was born in Litchfield, Con- 
necticut. Febuuiiy 23, 1757; was a patriot of the 
Revolution, serving at the battle of Bunker Hill, and 
remained in active service until the Declaration of 
Independence; received thirteen wounds, seven of 
which were saber cuts on the head inflicted by a 
British soldier at Germantown, where he was left on 
the field for dead ; at the close of the Revolution he 
contrived to obtain a classical education, and Yale 
College gave him the degree of M. A. ; studied law 
and was admitted to the bar; in 1789 published a 
volume of " Reports of the Decisions of the Superior 
Court and Court of Errors," which was the first of 
that character published in Connecticut, and proba- 
bly in the United States; from 1791 to 1804 was a 
Representative in the Legi-slature; in 1801 was ap- 
pointed, by President Jefler.son, Supervisor of the 
Revenue; after the acquisition of Louisiana was ap- 
pointed a Judge of the newly-organized Territory of 
Orleans. Died at Fort Stoddard, Mississippi, Octo- 
ber 2, 1804. 

Kirk, Robert C; was a citizen of Ohio; in 1862 
■was appointed Minister Resident to the Argentine 
Confederation, remaiuingat Buenos Ayres until 1866; 
in 1869 was re-commissioned Minister Resident, and 
also accredited to Uruguay, returned to the United 
States iu 1871. 

Kirker, Thomas; was acting Governor of Ohio 
in 1807. 

Kirkland, Joseph ; was born in Old Norwich, 
Connecticut, in 1771; graduated at Yale College in 
179U; remo\ed to Utica, New York, and was the 
first Mayor of that city; served frequently in the 
State Legislature; was a Representative in Congress 
from New York from 1821 to 1823. Died at Utica. 
January 26, 1844. 

Kirkpatrick, Littleton ; was born in New 
Brunswick, New .lei-sey; graduated at Princeton Col- 
lege in 1S15; adopted the profession of the law; w.as 
a Representative in C(mgress from New Jersey from 
1843 to 1845; was also ior live years Surrogate of the 
County of Middlesex. Died .\ugust l.'>, 1859. 



Kirkpatrick, William ; was born in Amwell, 
Hunterdon County, New Jersey, in November, 1768; 
w.as educated at Princeton College, graduating in 
1788; studied medicine, and was admitted to prac- 
tice in 1795; in 1806 removed to Salina, New York, 
and became Superintendent of the Salt Springs; was 
a Representative in Congress from 1807 to 1809 from 
New York. Died of cholera at Salina, September 2, 
1832. 

Kirkrwood, Samuel J.; was born in Harford 
County, Maryland, December 20, 1813; received an 
academic education in Washingtou City; in 1835 re- 
moved to Ohio; studied law and came to the bar in 
1843; for four years was Prosecuting Attorney of 
Richland County; was a member of the State "Con- 
stitutional Convention" of 1850; removed to Iowa 
in 1855; was elected to the Senate of that St.ate in 
1856; was Governor of Iowa from 18G0 to 1864; in 
.lanuary, 1866, was elected a Sen.ator in Congress 
from Iowa for the unexpired term of James Harlan, 
ending in March. 1807, and served on the Commit- 
tees on Pensions and Public Lands; in 1875 was 
again elected Governor of Iowa; in January, 1876. 
was again elected to the United States Senate for the 
term commencing in 1877 and ending in 1883; re- 
signed in March, 1881, to become Secretary of the 
Interior in the Cabinet of President Garfield, serving 
in that position until 1882. 

Kirtland, Dorrance ; was born in New York; 
graduated at Yale College in 1789; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from that State trom 1817 to 1819. 

Kitchell, Aaron ; was born in Morris County, 
New Jersey; was a warm supporter of the Revolu- 
tion; was a Representative in Congress from New 
Jer.sey from 1791 to 1793, from 1794 to 1797, aad 
from 1799 to 1801 ; was a Senator in Congress from 
1805 to 1809, when he resigned; was also a member 
of the State Legislature. 

Kitchen, Bethuel M.; was born in Berkeley 
County, ^Vest Virginia, March 21, 1812; received a 
common school education; adopted the occupation of 
a farmer; in 1861 and 1862 was elected to the Legis- 
lature of Virginia; in 1863 was elected a Represent- 
ative from that State to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
but was not .a<lmitted to his seat; in 1864 was elected 
to the Senate of West Virginia; in 1866 was elected 
a Representative from West Virginia to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving ou the Committees on Agriculture 
and Expenses in the Treasury Department. 

Kitchin, "William H. ; was born in Lauderdale 
County, Alabama, December 22. 1837; removed, 
with his parents, to North Carolina, in 1841 ; re- 
ceived a collegiate education; served in tlie Confed- 
erate Army, and rose to the rank of Captain ; studied 
law. and was admitted to practice in 1869; was 
elected a Representative from North Carolina to the 
Forty-sixth Congress. 

Kittera, John "W.; was a graduate of Princeton 

College in 1776; was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania, from 1791 to 1«01, when he was 
ajipointed United States District Attorney for the 
Eastern District of Pennsylvania. 

Kittera, Thomas; was a Representative in 
Congress from Pennsylvania, from 1826 to 1827. 

Kittredge, George W.; was born in New 

Hampshire; was a physician by profession; a mem- 
ber of the Legislature in 1847, 1851, and 1S52, offici- 
ating as Speaker in 1852; was a Representative in 
Congress from that State, from 1853 to 1855. 



BlOUKAl'llICAL ANNALS. 



285 



Kleiner, John J.; was born in West Hanover. 
Pennsylvania, I'cbrnary .'^, is^.'i; wliile yet a cliilil. 
removed, with lii.s piiicnts, to Medina, Ohio; tlicic 
his time was divi<le(l l)elrteen I'aim work and atteiid- 
iuj; sehool; .served in the Union Army dnrinn tlu 
Civil War; in lS(iS removed to Kvansville, Indiana; 
tang)it school until lfi74; was elected a member ol 
the t'ity Council iu 1873; was elected Mayor in 1874 
for a term of three years; re-elected in 1877; was 
nominated for Congress in isso. but was defeated; 
was elected a Kepre.sentative from Indiana to tlu 
Forty-eighth C'ongre.ss; was re-elected to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Klingensmith, John, Jr.; was born in Pennsyl- 
vania; wiis a Representative in Congress from that 
St.'ite from 1835 to 183il. 

Klotz, Robert; was born in Northampton (now 
Carbon) County, Pennsjivania, October 27, 181!): 
received a limited education; engaged in various 
pursuits; in 1843 was elected Register and Recorder 
of Carbon County; was a Lieutenant of Volunteers 
in the war with Mexico: was a Representative in the 
State Legislature in 1848 and 1849; went to Kansas 
in 1855; was a member of the Topeka Constitutional 
Convention; Secretary of State under that organiza- 
tion, and Brigadier-General under the Robinson gov- 
ernment; returning to Pennsylvania, was elected 
Treasurer of Carbon County in 18.59; was elected a 
Trustee of Lehigh University ; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Penn.sylvania to the Forty-sixth and 
Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Knapp, Anthony L.; was born in Middletown, 
Delaware County, New York, .Tune 14, 1828; removed, 
with his father, to Illinois in l^:j9: studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1S49, settling in the town 
of Jersey ville; in 1858 was elected to the Senate of 
Illinois, attending the sessions of 1859 and 1861; in 
the latter year was elected a Representative from 
Illinois to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Revolutionary Pensions; in 1862 
was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Private Land Claims. 

Knapp, Charles ; was born in Colchester, Dela- 
ware County, New York, in 1797; was bred al'armer; 
was chiefly educated at home; taught school for a 
time; entered upon mercantile pursuits in 1825; was 
a member of the State Legislature in 1841; settled in 
the town of Deposit in 1848; organized the Deposit 
Bank in 1854, which in 1864 became a National 
Bank, of which he was President; in 1868 was elected 
a Representative from New York to the Forty-hrst 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Private 
Land Claims, Public Expenditvues, and Revolutionary 
Pensions. 

Knapp, Chauncey L.; was born in Berlin, 
Vermont, February 26, 1809; commenced active 
busines.s life by serving an apprenticeship of seven 
years in a printing office in Montpelier; was elected 
Reporter for the Legislature in 1833; was co-proprietor 
and editor of the .SVnte Journal for some years; was 
elected Secretary of State in 1S3(>, in which capacity 
he served four years; removing to Massachusetts was 
elected Secretary of the JIassachusetts Senate inl851; 
was elected a Representative to the Thirty-fourth 
Congress; re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congreas, and 
was a member of the Committee on Territories; to 
him was awarded the credit, while editing the 
Journal, of first nominating General Harrison for the 
Presidency, which resulted in his obtaining the 
electoral votes of Vermont four years before he was 
really elected; Mr. Knapp's tastes led him to the 



slndy of mechanics, and in all his pulilic positions he 
paid partiiMilai attention to the mechanical interests 
ot" Iiis ct)nstitiu-nts. 

Knapp, Joseph G.; was a citizen of Wisconsin, 

liom which State he was appointel an .Associate 
lustice of the United States I ourt lor the Territory 
of New Mexico, residing at Santa Fe. 

Knapp, Robert M.; was by profession a lawyer; 
was elected a Representative from Illinois to the 
l^orty-third Congress, serving on the Committee on 
the Revision of Laws; was also elected to the Forty- 
lifth Congress. 

Knickeibocker, Herman; was born in New 
York in 17-^li, and was a descendant, in the third 
generation, of one of the original emigrants to New 
York: early engaged in politics; was a member of 
Congress from 1809 to 1811, as a Federalist, but dur- 
ing President Jackson's administration became a 
Democrat. Died in Williamsburg, New York, Jan- 
uary :!0, 1855. It was he to wlioni Irving playfully 
alluded in the preface to his " Knickerbocker " as 
"my cousin the Congressman." 

Knight, Jonathan ; was born in Bucks County, 
Pennsylvania, November 22, 1787; removed, with his 
parents, in 1801, to East Bethlehem, Washington 
County; was chiefly self-educated, and became a 
school teacher and surveyor of lands; in 1816 was ap- 
pointed, by the State Government, to make and re- 
port a map of his county; served three years as 
County Commissioner; in 1827 was appointed a Com- 
missioner to extend the National Road from Wheel- 
ing through Ohio and Indiana to the eastern line of 
Illinois; in 1822 was elected to the Legislature and 
served six years; in 1828 visited England to acquire 
a thorough knowledge of civil engineering, and on 
his return was appointed Chief Engineer on the Bal- 
timore and Ohio Railroad; in 1854 was elected a Rep- 
resentative in the Thirty-fburlh Congress from Penn- 
sylvania. Died in Wsishington County, Novcmfier 22, 
1858. 

Knight, Nehemiah; was a native of Rhode 
Island; a farmer by occupation; a prominent politi- 
cian of the Federal school; was a Representative in 
Congress from 1803 to 1808. 

Knight, Nehemiah R.; was born in Cranston, 
Rhode Island, December 31, 1780; was chiefly self- 
educated; at the age of twenty-two years was elected 
to the State Legislature; in 1805 was elected Clerk ot" 
the Court of Common Pleas in Providence; in 1812 
was chosen Clerk of the Circuit Court, and served 
until 1817; was also for many years President of the 
Roger Williams Bank; was elected Governor of Rhode 
Island in 1817, and re-elected in 1819 and 1820; was 
appointed, by President Madison, during the war 
with England, Collector of the port of Providence; 
was a Senator in Congress from 1821 to 1841; in 1843 
was a member of the State Constitutional Conven- 
tion, after which he retired to private life. Died at 
Providence, Rhode Island, April 19, 1854. He was a 
man of sterling character, and a true patriot. 

Knott, A. Leo; was born at Baltimore, Mary- 
land, in 1829; was educated at St. Mary's College, 
Baltimore; after graduation, taught classics at St. 
Mary's College for a time; studied law; was admit- 
te<l to the bar, and engaged in the practice of law at 
Baltimore; served twelve years as Prosecuting Attor- 
ney of the City of Baltimore; in 1868 was elected a 
Representative in the Maryland Legislature; was a 
Delegate to several Democratic National Conventions; 
in April, 1885, was appointed, by President Cleve- 
land, Second A^istant Postm;ister-General. 



2d6 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Knott, J. Proctor ; was born in Marion County, 
Kentucky, August 29, 1830; received a good educa- 
tion; studied law; removed to Missouri in 1850; was 
elected to the State Legislature in 18o8; resigned in 
1859; in 1860 was elected Attorney-General of the 
State; was a Delegate to the " Missouri Convention" 
of 1861; returned to his native State in 1862; in 1867 
was elected a Representative from Kentucky to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Mines and Mining; re-elected to the Forty-first and 
Forty-fourth Congresses, serving on important Com- 
mittees; in January, 1876, was appointed Chairman 
of the Committee on the Judiciary; was re-elected to 
the Forty-fifth, Forty -sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- 
gresses; declined a further re-nomination; in 1883 
was elected Governor of Kentucky lor a term of four 
years. 

E^O'wrles, Hiram; was bom in Maine; removed 
to Iowa, from wliich State he was, in 1872, appointed 
an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court for the 
Territory of Montana. 

Knowles, John P.; was born in Rhode Island; 
was a resident of Providence; in 1870 was appointed 
United States Judge for the District of Rhode Island. 

Kno'wlton, Ebenezer ; was bom in New Hamp- 
shire; was educated for the ministry; was elected to 
the Maine Legislature in 1844, 1846, and 1848, serv- 
ing during his second year as Speaker; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Maine fi-om 1855 to 
1857. 

Knox, Henry ; was bom in Boston, July 25, 
1750; received his education at the schools in that 
town; prior to the Revolution was made a Captain of 
an Independent Company of Militia in Boston, and, 
having had some experience, at the commencement 
of hostilities, was placed at the head of the Artillery; 
in 1776 the corps was increased to three regiments, 
and he was promoted to the rank of Brigadier-Gen- 
eral; was actively engaged during the whole contest, 
and after the capture of Cornwallis, in 1781, received 
the commission of Major-General; in March, 1785, 
was appointed Secretary of War, and after the adop- 
tion of the Constitution, President Washington ap- 
pointed him to the same office; in 1794 resigned the 
office and retired to private life, at which time 
President Washington assured him of his friendship, 
and declared him to have "deserved well of his 
country"; settled at Thomaston, Maine, where he 
died October 25, 1806. 

Knox, James ;^ was born in Canajoharie, Mont- 
gomery County, New York, July 4, 1807; graduated 
at Yale College in 1830; studied law at Utica, New 
York, and was admitted to the bar in 1833; in 1836 
located at Knoxville, Illinois, giving his attention 
chiefly to mercantile and agricultural pursuits; in 
1847 was a member of the " Constitntional Conven- 
tion" of Illinois; in 1852 was elected a Representa- 
tive in the Thirty-third Congress; was re-elected to 
the Thirty-fourth Congress; he subsequently became 
blind ami visited Europe with a view of recovering 
his sight. He manifested his love for learning by 
giving ten thousand dollars to Yale College, and the 
same amount to Hamilton College, for schools of 
Natural History, in connection with those institu- 
tions. 

Knox, John Jay ; was born Knoxboro, Oneida, 
Country, New York, March 19, 1828; graduated at 
Hamilton College in 1849; from that year until 1862 
was a private banker or an officer of a bank; in 1867 



wfts appointed Deputy Comptroller of the Currency; 
had charge of the Jlint Coinage Correspondence of 
the Treasury Department; in 1870 his report on the 
mint service, together with a codification of the mint 
and coinage laws of the United States, with many 
important amendments, was submitted to Congress 
by the Secretary of the Treasury; the bill which he 
proposed was subsequently passed with a few modi- 
fications and is known as "The Coinage Act of 1873 "; 
in 1872 was appointed Comptroller of the Currency; 
resigned in 1884. 

Knox, Samuel ; was elected a Representative 
from Missouri to the Thirty-eighth Congress, having 
successfully contested the .seat occupied by F. P. 
Blair, .Tr., taking his seat near the close of the first 



Koerner, Gustavius ; was a citizen of Illinois; 
in 1862 was appointed Minister Plenipotentiary to 
Spain, where he remained until 1864. 

Koontz, "William H.; was born in Somerset, 
Pennsylvania, Julj' 15, 1830; received a common 
school education; adopted the profession of the law; 
was District Attorney for Somerset County for three 
yeai-s from 1853; was Prothonotary and Clerk of the 
Courts of said County for i iuee years from 1860; was 
elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, having successfully contested 
the seat of A. H. Cofiroth, serving on the Committee 
on the District of Columbia; was also a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866; 
was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving on 
the Committees for the District of Columbia and Ex- 
penditures in the Interior Department. 

Krebs, Jacob ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania from 1826 to 1827. 

Krekel, Arnold ; was born in Germany, March 
12, 1815; came to this country in 1832; was educated 
in the common schools of Germany and at St. Charles 
College, Missouri; studied law, and came to the bar 
in 1844; was elected to the St^ite Legislature in 1852; 
was President of the Convention which formed the 
present Constitution of Missouri in 1865; in that year 
was appointed United States District Judge for the 
Western District of Missouri, residing in Jefferson 
City. 

Kremer, George ; was born in Dauphin County, 
Pennsylvania, in 1775; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1823 to 1829; he was 
noted in Congress as having replied in German to 
some sarcastic remarks by John Randolph, thereby 
turning the argument in his favor. Died in Union 
County, Pennsylvania, September 11, 1854. 

Kuhns, Joseph H.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress fi-om that State 
from 1851 to 1853. 

Kunkel, Jacob M.; was bora in Frederick, 
Maryland, July 23, 1822; graduated at the Univers- 
ity of Virginia in 1843; studied law, and commenced 
practice in 1846; in 1850 was elected to the Mary- 
land Senate for six years, but the change in the State 
Constitution cut short his term ; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Maryland to the Thirty-fifth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committees on Revolu- 
tionary Claims and Expenditures in the Treasury 
Department; was also elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Accounts; 
was a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Con- 
vention " of 1866. 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



287 



Kunkel, John C; was liorn in Pennsylvania; 
Mas a lawyer by prolission: was a member of the 
Thirty-l'ourth aiiil Tliirty-ljlth Congresses from his 
native State, and served on the Committee on Claims. 

Klirtz, "Williain H.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Re])re,sentative in Congress from that State 
from 1851 to 1855. 

Kuykendall, Andre'w Z.; was born in Gallatin 
County, Illinois, March 3, 1815; was chiefly self- 
educated; studied, adopted, and practiced the pro- 
fession of law; from 1842 to 181G was a member of 
the Illinois Legislature, and in the tjtate Senate 
from 1850 to ISf'iJ; eiilistcd in the Thirty-first Regi- 
ment of Illinois Infantry, as a volunteer in ]8(il, 
was elected Major, and served until 1802, when he 
resigned on account of his health; in 18G4 was elected 
a Representative from Illinois to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on the Post 
Office and Post Roads, and on Mileage; was also a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia " National Union Con- 
venticm" of 1866. 

Lablanche, Alcee; was born in Louisiana; in 
1337 was ajipointed, by President Van Buren, Charge 
d' Affaires to Te.xas, where he remained until 1840; 
was a Representative in Congress from 1843 to 1845. 

Lacey, Ed'ward S.; was born at Cliili, New 
York, November 26, 1835; removed to Michigan in 
1842; was educated at the public schools and at 
Olivet College; engaged in various pursuits; was 
elected Register of Deeds in 1860, and re-elected in 
1862; was a Trustee of the State Insane Asylum 
from 1874 to 1880; was a Delegate to the Republican 
National Convention of 1876; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Michigan to the Fortj- -seventh and 
Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Lacey, John "W.; was born in Randolph County, 
Indiana, October 13, 1848; his early education was 
acquired in the local schools of his native county; 
enlisted in the Union Army at the breaking out of 
the Civil War, serving in the One Hundred and 
Thirty-seventh and One Hundred and Fifty-second 
Indiana Volunteer Regiments, respectivelj-. until its 
close; then entered college, gnaduating with special 
honors from Indiana Asbury (now De Panw) Uni- 
versity in 1871; studied law; w.as admitted to the 
bar at Marion, Indiana, in 1875, and engaged in the 
practice of law at that place; July 5, 1884, was ap- 
pointed, by President Arthur, Chief Justice of the 
Supreme Court of Wyoming Territory. 

Lacock, Abner ; was born in Virginia in 1770; 
without the advantage of much early education, 
rose to eminence as a legislator, statesman, and civil- 
ian; filled various public stations for a period of 
nearly forty years; was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania from 1811 to 1813, and United 
States Senator from 1813 to 1819. Died in Beaver 
County, Pennsylvania, April 12, 1837. 

Lacy, Thomas J.; was an early emigrant to 
Arkansas; in 1834 was appointed a Judge for that 
Territory. 

Ladd, George "W.; was born at Augusta, Maine, 
September 28, 1818; received a good education; 
learned the business of an apothecary; at the age of 
twenty commenced business for himself at Bangor, 
Maine; was compelled to retire on account of ill- 
health; engaced in the lumber and commission busi- 
ness and the wholesale grocery business; w;is ehicted 
a Repre-sentative from Maine to the Forty-sixth and 
Forty-seventh Congresses. 



La Do'W, George A.; was born in f'aynga 
County, New York, JIarch 18, 1828. removed, will' 
his parents, I'rom Syracuse to McHonry County. ' 
Illinois; received a common school education; com- 
menced the study of law at the age of sixteen, and 
was admitted to the bar of tlie Supreme Court in 
1850; removed to Wisconsin in 1851, and practiced 
his profession ; in the same year was elected District 
Attorney, and held the oftice two years; removed to 
Minnesota in 1862, and practiced there; in 1867 wa.«: 
elected to the House of Representatives of that State: 
re-nominated the following year, but declined; set- 
tled in Oregon in 1869; declined the nomination for 
State Senator in 1870; in 1872 was elected to the 
House of Representatives of Oregon, and held the 
olTice until 1874, when he was elected a Representa- 
tive to the Forty-fourth Congress. Died iu Oregon, 
in Jlay, 1875. 

Lafifoon, Polk ; was bom in Hopkins County, 
.Kentucky, October 24, 1844, his p.arents having 
removed there from South Carolina in 1801, when 
the State was a wilderness; was reared on a farm, 
working at hard labor until the breaking out of the 
Civil War, and enjoying only the meagre school 
facilities afibrded by the country .schools; being a 
close student, however, he was enabled to secure a 
good education; enlisted in the Eighth Kentucky 
Confederate Infantry in 1801, and was elected Second 
Lieutenant; was captured at Fort Donelson in Feb- 
ruary, 1862, and was confined at Johnson's Island 
until September of that year, when he was exchanged ; 
was transferred to the Cavalry, and joined Morgan's 
command; was again taken prisoner at Cheshire, 
Ohio, and remained in confinement until the close 
of the war; upon his release returned to Kentucky 
and taught school, studying law at the same time; 
was admitted to the bar in 1867, and engaged in 
practice at Madisonville, Kentucky; was elected 
County Attorney in 1870, and served four years; in 
1884 was elected a Representative from Kentucky to 
the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Laflin, Addison H.; was bom in Lee, Berkshire 
County, Massachusetts, October 24, 1823; graduated 
at Williams College in 1843; removed to Herkimer 
County, New York, and became extensively engaged 
in the business of manufacturing paper; in 1837 was 
elected to the Senate of New York; in 1864 was 
elected a Representative from that State to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving as Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Printing; was re-elected to the Fortieth and 
Forty-first Congresses, and was again placed at the 
head of the Committee on Printing, and was a mem- 
ber of that on Manufactures; was a Delegate to the 
"State Republican Convention" of 1867; in 1871 
was appointed Naval Officer for the city of New 
York. 

La Pollette, Robert M.; was born in the town 
of Primrose, Dane County, Wisconsin, June 14, 
1855; received a collegiate education, graduating 
from the University of Wisconsin in June, 1879; 
studied law; was admitted to the bar, and engaged 
in the practice of law at Madison, Wisconsin; was 
elected District Attorney of Dane Countv in 1880, 
and re-elected in 1882; in 1884 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Wisconsin to the Forty-ninth Con- 
gresa. 

Lahm, Samuel ; was born in Leitersburg, Mary- 
land, April 22, 1812; his education was limited, yet 
his first earnings were the result of teaching school; 
in March, 183.5, removed to Indiana and studied law; 
then settled in Ohio; in 1837 was elected blaster iu 



288 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Chancery; in 1842 a State Senator; at various times 
to higli positions in the Militia; wa's a Representative 
in Congress from 1847 to 1849. 

Laird, James; was born at Fowlerville, Living- 
ston Count}', New Yorl<, .June 20, 1849; was reared 
in Michigan, and was educated at Adrian College, in 
that State, and at the Michigan University; served 
in the Union Array from 1S62 to the close of the Civil 
"War; graduated from the Law Department of Jliclii- 
gan University in 1871; was admitted to the bar, 
and settled at Hastings, Nebraska, in the practice of 
law; was a member of the State Constitutional Con- 
vention of 187.T; was a Presidential Elector in 1880; 
was elected a Rep^esentati^'e from Nebraska to the 
Fort}--eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Lake, William A.; was born in Maryland; grad- 
nated at Washington College in Pennsylvania; studied 
law; served in tlie Legislature of Maryland; removed 
to Mississippi; practiced his profession there with* 
success; was elected to the Senate of that State; was 
a Representative in Congress from Mississippi during 
the Thirty-iourth Congress. 

Lamar, Henry G-.; was born in Georgia; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1829 
to 1833. 

Lamar, Lucius Q. C; was born in Putnam 
County, Georgia, .September 17, 182.">; graduated at 
Emory College in 184.5; studied law at Jlacun, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1847; removed to Oxibrd, 
Mississippi, in 1849; was elected Professor of Mathe- 
matics in the University of that State; returned to 
Covington, Georgia, and resumed the practice of 
law ; was elected to the Legislature of Georgia in 
1853 ; in 18.54 removed again to Mississippi; was 
elected a Representative from Mississippi to the 
Thirty-fifth and Thirty -sixth Congresses; resigned 
in 18(J0 to take a seat in the Secession Convention of 
his State; in 1861 entered the Confederate Army; in 
181)3 was intrusted, by President Davis, with an im- 
portant diplomatic mission to Russia; in 1860 was 
elected Professor of Political Economy in the Uni- 
versity of Mississippi, and in 1867 was made a Pro- 
fessor of Law; was elected to the Forty-third Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Elections and 
Mississippi Levees; was re-elected to the Forty-lburth 
Congress, and was Chairman of the caucus which 
nominated M. C. Kerr for the Speakership in 1875; 
in December, 1875, was apointed Chairman of the 
Committee on the Pacific Railroad; in January, 1876, 
was elected a Senator in Congress from Mississippi 
for the term beginning in 1877 and ending in 1883; 
was re-elected liir the term ending in 1889; in March, 
1885, became Secretary of the Interior in the Cabinet 
of President Cleveland. 

Lamar, Mirabeau B.; was born in Louisville, 
Georgia, August 16, 1796; was for some years en- 
gaged in mercantile and agricultural pursuits; estab- 
lished the Columbus 7H(;»(Ver, a States' Rights jour- 
nal, in 1828; removed to Texas in 1835; commanded 
a cavalry company at the battle of San Jacinto, and 
rendered efi'ective service; in 1836 was elected first 
Vice-President of Texas, having for some months 
previous held the rank of Major-General ; from 1838 
to 1841 was President of Tex.is; in 1846 joined Gen- 
eral Taylor at Matamoras, and was in the battle of 
Monterey; was afterwards engaged in checking the 
incursions of the Comanches; was United States Min- 
ister to Nicaragua and Costa Rica in 1858. Died in 
Richmond, Te.xas, December 19, 1859. He was the 
author of a volume of poems entitled '" Verse Memo- 
rials, ' ' publifihed in New York in 1857. 



Lamb, Alfred W^. ; was born in New York; was 
a Representative in Congress from Missouri from 
1847 to 1849. 

Lamb, John E.; was born at Terre Haute, Indi- 
ana. December 26, 18.52; was educated in private and 
pulilic schools and graduated at the Terre Haute 
High School; studied law; was admitted to the bar 
in 1«74. and engaged in practice at Terre Haute; was 
api)ointed Prosecuting Attorney for the Fourteenth 
Judicial District in 1875, and was elected to that 
position in 1876, holding the otfice three and one- 
half years; was an unsuccessful candidate for Presi- 
dential Elector in 1880; was elected a Representative 
from Indiana to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Lambert, John ; was Governor of New Jersey 
during the years 1802 and 1803; was a Representative 
in Congress from New Jersey from 1805 to 1809, from 
1809 to 1815; was a member of the United States 
Senate; served many years in the Legislature. Died 
in February, 1823, aged seventy-tive years. 

Lamison, Charles N.; was born in Columbia 
County, Pennsylvania, in 1820; became a student at 
law when seventeen years of age; was admitted to 
practice in Ohio: was Prosecuting Attorney tor Allen 
County, Ohio, one year by appointment, and four 
years by elections; raised a company in 1861 and en- 
tered the army as Captain in the Twentieth Volun- 
teers, of which regiment he was afterwards elected 
JIajor. and served under Generals McClellan, HiU, 
and Rosecrans in West Virginia; was afterwards 
Major of the Eighty-first Volunteer Infantry; re- 
signed because of ill-health in 1862; was elected to 
the Forty-second and Forty-third Congre.sses, serving 
on the Committees on the State Department and 
Naval Affairs. 

Lamont, George D.; was born in Western New 
Y'ork, in 1823; received a good education; adopted 
the profession of the law, and located himself at 
Lockpdrt; in 1862 was appointed United States 
Judge for the Provisional Court of Louisiana, where 
he acquitted himself, under trying cucumstances, 
with ability, and remained until 1865; subsequently 
returned to Lockport; in 1871 was elected a Judge of 
the Supreme Court of New Y'ork for fourteen years. 
Died at Lockport, January 15, 1876. 

Lamport, William H.; was born in Pittstowc, 
New York, May 27, 1811; received a district school 
education; was elected Supervisor of (jorham in 1848 
and 1849; was Sheritf of Ontario County in 1851; 
elected to the Assembly of New York in 1854; was 
Trustee of the village of Canandaigua in 1866 and 
1867, and President; was elected to the Forty-second 
and Forty-third Congresses, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Agriculture. 

Lancaster, Columbia ; was a Delegate to Con- 
gress from the Territory of Washington during the 
years 1854 and 1855. 

Lander, Ed"ward ; wr.s appointed Chief .lustice 
of the United States Court for the Territory of Wash- 
ington in 1853. 

Landers, Franklin; was born in Jlorgan Coun- 
ty, Indiana, March 22. 1825; received a common 
school education during the winter, and worked ou 
his father's farm during the summer; at the age of 
twenty-one taught school in the winter and worked 
by the month in summer; having saved three hun- 
dred dollars, he engaged in mercantile business in 
1847; continued in th.at employment for six years, 
and then purchased a tract of land and located the 



BIOORAPHICAL ANNALS. 



239 



town of Brooklyn; removed to that place and re- 
sumed farming and mercantile pnrsuits for twelve 
years; established five churclies of varions denomina- 
tions on his lands, and contributed largely to their 
support; in all deeds of lots he inserted a teraper- 
'ancc clause preventitij; the sale of intoxicating 
liquors; then engaged in the wholesale dry goods 
business in Indianapolis, aud also in the pork-pack- 
ing trade; in lH(iO was elected State Senator; in 1864 
declined a nomination for Cong^ss; was on the elec- 
toral ticket for McClellan; in 1874 was elected a Rep- 
resentative to the Forty-lburth Congress from In- 
diana. 

Landers, G. M.; was bom in Lenox, Mas.'^achu- 
setts, February 22, 1813; removed to New Britain, 
Connecticut, in 1829; was a Representative in the 
State Legislature in 1851, 18C7, and 1874; was State 
Senator in 18.53, 18G9, and 1873; was appointed Bank 
Commissioner for Connecticut in 187.5; was elected a 
Representative to the Forty-fourth Congress; re-elect- 
ed to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Landes, Silas Z.; was bom in Augn-sta County, 
Virginia, May 1.5, 1842; removed, -with his parents, 
to Paris, Illinois; was educated in the common 
schools and at I'aris (Illinois) Academj-, but did not 
graduate; studied law at Paris, Illinois, and was ad- 
mitted to the b.ar, at Pari.s, in August, 1863; entered 
upon the practice of law at Mount Carrael in ,1864; 
w;us elected .lustiee of the Peace in 1866; was elected 
State's Attorney for Wabash County in 1872, 1870, 
and 1880; in 1884 was elected a Representative from 
Illinois to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Landrum, John M.; was born in Edgefield Dis- 
trict, South Carolina, July 3, 1815; obtained the 
greater part of his education by his own exertions 
after he becaine of age; graduated at the South Caro- 
lina College in 1842; taught school and studied law 
at the same time; in 1845 removed to Louisiana, and 
settled at Shreveport; was elected a Representative 
from Louisiana to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Expenses in the 
Post Ollice Dcjiartment; resigned in February, 1861. 

Landry, J. Aristlde ; was born in Louisiana; 
■was a KepTesentative in Congress from that State 
from 1851 to 1853. 

Landy, James; was born in Philadelphia, Penn- 
sylvania, October 13, 1813; received his education 
in his native city; devoted himself for a time to the 
occupation of a builder; studied law, but abandoned 
the profession, and turned his attention to mercan- 
tile pursuits; devoted much attention to the Public 
School System of Philadelphia, and held the posi- 
tions of Commissioner and President of the Board of 
School Commissioners; in 1856 was elected a Repre- 
sentative to the Thirty-fifth Congress from Pennsyl- 
vania, and was a member of the Committee on Com- 
merce. Died in Philadelphia, July 24, 1875. 

Lane, Amos; was bom in New York; emigrated 
to the Ohio River in 1804; was a Representative in 
Congress from Indiana from 18.33 to 1839, having pre- 
viously been a member of the State Legislature, and 
served one session as Speaker; w;is a lawyer of abil- 
ity, and filled a conspicuous place in the history of 
Indiana. Died in Lawrenccburg, in that State in 
1850. He was the father of J. II. Lane. 

Lane, George "W.; during the Rebellion was 
compelled to leave the State of Kentucky, where he 
fe.<!Ulod, on account of his Union sentiments; was ap- 
pointed a United States District Judge in Alabama. 
Died at Louisville, Kentucky, November 12, 1863. 

19 



Lane, Henry S.; was born in Montgomerv 
County, Kentucky, February 24, lull; received a 
good coninmn school education, and, under a tutor, 
some knowledge of the classics; studied law in Ken- 
tucky, but removed to Indiana, and was admitted to 
the bar in that State; in 1S37 was elected to the In- 
diana Legislature; was a Representative in Congress 
from Indiana from 1841 to 1M43; served as a Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel of Volunteers, under (ieneral Taylor, 
in the War with Mexico, in 1846; in 18.59 was elected 
to the United Slates Senate to contest the seat of 
■J. D. Bright, but was denied the .seat; in 1861 was 
elected Governor of Indiana; two days alter his in- 
auguration was again elected a Senator in Congress 
from Indian.a for the term ending in 1867, serving on 
the Committees on Military Aflairs, Pensions, I'at- 
ents and the Patent Office, Expenses in the Senate, 
and as Chairman of the Committee on Enrolled Bills; 
was one of the .Senators designated by the Senate to 
attend the funeral of General Scott, in 1866; was 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Con- 
vention'' of 1866, and to the Chicago Convention of 
1868. Died June 18, 1881. 

Lane, James Henry; was born in Lawrence- 
burg, Indiana, June 22, 1814; on reaching his major- 
ity was elected to the City Council of Lawrenccburg, 
and frequently re-elected ; in a subordinate capacity 
took part in the war with Mexico; in 1849 was Lieu- 
tenant-Governor of Indiana; was a Representative in 
Congress from Indiana from 1853 to 1855; settled in 
Kansas and took an active part in polities; was Presi- 
dentof the Topeka " Constitutional Convention," and 
w.as elected by the people Major-General of the Free 
State troops; in 1857 was President of tUe Leaven- 
worth " Constitutional Convention," and again chosen 
Major-General of the Territorial troops; on the ad- 
mission of Kansas into the Union, w;us chosen a Sen- 
ator in Congress, serving on the Committees on In- 
dian Aft'airs and Agriculture; w;is re-elected for the 
term ending in 1871, .serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Agriculture, and as a member of that 
on Territories; during the early part of the Rebellion 
he was commissioned, by President Lincoln, a Briga- 
dier-Cieneral of Volunteers; was a member of the 
" Baltimore Convention" of 1864; on July 1, 1866, 
while at Fort Leavenworth, on leave of absence from 
the Senate on account of ill-health, he shot himself 
with a pistol, and thus came to his death. Was the 
son of Amos Lane. 

Lane, Joseph ; -was born in Buncombe County, 
North Carolina, December 14, 1801; in his fifteenth 
year became a clerk in a mercantile house in Indi- 
ana; in 1822 was chosen a member of the Legisla- 
ture of that State, serving in that capacity, with 
occasional intervals, until 1846; partici]iated" in the 
war with Mexico, acquitting himself with credit at 
Buena Vista and on other fields, and Wiis appointed, 
by President Polk, a Brigadier-General; in 1819 was 
appointed Govemoroftbe Territory of Oregon, without 
his solicitiition, and organized the government; was 
elected a Delegate to Congress in 1851, where he 
was retained by his constituents until the admission 
of Oregon as a State, in 1859, when he took his seat 
as a Senator in Congress, serving until 1861; in 1860 
was nominated for Vice-President, on the ticket 
with Mr. Breckenridge, but was defeated. Died 
April 21, 1881. 

Lane, La Fayette ; was born in Vanderburg 
County, Indiana. November 12, 1842: was educated 
in Washington City, and in Stamford, Connecticut; 
adopted tlie profession of the law, and removed to 
Oregon; was elected to the Legislature of that State 



J»0 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



In 1864; was defeated in 1866 as Candidate for Secre- 
tary of State; was a Code Commissioner for the State 
in 1874; in 1875 was elected a Representative to the 
Forty-fourth Congress, in the place of G. A. La Dow, 
who died in May oi' that year. 

. Lane, Samuel ; was one of tlie first men ap- 
pointed Superintendent or Commissioner of Public 
Buildings for the District of Columbia, but the date 
of his appointment does not appear on the public 
records. 

Langdon, Chauncey; graduated from Yale 
College in 1787; was a Representative in Congress 
from Vermont, from 181-5 to 1817; served seven years 
in the Legislature of the State; was a State Coun- 
cilor for nine years. Died in 1830. 

Langdon, John; was educated for mercantile 
pursuits, and afterwards prosecuted business on the 
sea, until the commencement of the controversy with 
Great Britain; was one of the party which removed 
the powder and military stores from Fort William 
and JIary, at New Castle, New Hampshire, in 1774; 
in 1775 and 1776 was chosen a Delegate to Congress 
from New Hampshire; commanding a company of 
volunteers, he served, for a while, in Vermont and 
Rhode Island; in his own State, he was, in 1776 and 
1777, Speaker of the House of Representatives and 
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas; in 1779 was 
Continental Agent in New Hampshire, and contracted 
for the building of several ships of war; in 1783 was 
again appointed a Delegate to Congress; was after- 
wai'ds repeatedly a member of the Legislature, and 
Speaker; was a member of the Convention that 
framed the Constitution, signing his name to that 
instrument; in JNIarch, 1768, was ciiosen Go\ernor of 
the State; from 1789 to 1801 was Senator of the 
United States, and was President of the Senate pro 
tern, during the First Congress, and part of the Sec- 
ond; was one of those who voted for locating the 
Seat of Government on the Potomac; from 1805 to 
1808, and again in ISiO and 3811, was Governor of 
the State. Died in Portsmoutli, September 18, 1819, 
aged seventy -eight years. 

Langdon, "Woodbury ; was a Delegate from 
New Hampshire to the Continental Congress in 1779 
and 1780; was a Counselor from 1781 to 1784; a 
Judge of the Supreme Court of New Hampshire in 
1782, and from 1786 to 1790. Died January 13, 
1805, aged sixty -live years. 

Langston, John Mercer ; was born near Louisa 
Court House, Louisa County, Virginia, Decemhcr 14, 
1829; received a collegiate education, g<aduating 
from Oberlin College, Ohio, in 1849, and" from tlie 
Theological Department in 1853, receiving the degree 
of A. M. ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in Loraiu County, Ohio, in 1855; practiced his pro- 
fession in Ohio for twelve years, duriug which period 
lie was several times elected to impDi taut local po- 
sitions; in 1367 was appointed General Inspector of 
the National Bureau of Keiiigees, Freedmen, and 
-Abandoned Lands, serving two years; in 1869 was 
elected Professor of Law in Howard Universitv, and 
was made Dean of the Law Department; duriug the 
last two years of his service was Vice-President and 
Acting President of the University; for the faithful 
perlbrmance of these duties received the degree of 
LL. D. ; from 1870 to 1877 was a member of the Board 
of Health of the District of Columbia, and its Attor- 
ney; in 1877 was appuintcd Minister Resident and 
Consul-General of the United Stales to the Republic 
of Hayti. 



Langworthy, Ed-ward; was a Delegate from 
Georgia to the Continental Congress from 1777 to 
1779, and was one of the signers of the Articles of 
Confederation. 

Lanham, Samuel "W. T.; was born in Spartan- 
burg District, (now county,) South Carolina, July 4, 
1846; received a good education; entered the Con- 
federate .\rmy when a boy; in 1866 removed to Texas; 
studied law, and was admitted to practice in 1869; 
settled at Weatherford, Texas; was District Attor- 
ney; was a Presidential Elector in 1880; was elected 
a Kejiresentative from Texas to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Lanman, James ; was born in Norwich, Con- 
necticut, June 14, 1769; graduated at Yale College in 
1788; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1791, 
and settled as a lawyer in his native town; w;us a 
member of the Convention which framed the first 
Constitution of Connecticut in 1818; served two 
years in the Lower House of the Legislature in 1817 
and 1832, and one year as a State Senator in 1819; 
was for five years, from 1814 to 1819, Attorney for 
the State for New London County, acquiring great 
local distinction by his abilities. One of the most 
famous trials that he conducted was that of the Rev. 
.•Vmmi Rogers, who was convicted of an infamous 
crime against one of his parishioners, and was im- 
prisoned for two years, and who subsequently pub- 
lished a book of nearly three hundred pages abusive 
of said Attorney; was elected a Senator in Congress, 
serving from 1819 to 1825, during one Congress as 
Chairman of the Committees on Post Offices and Post 
Roads, and Contingent Expenses of the Senate, and 
voted with the South on the Missouri Compromise; 
during the Seventeenth Congress was at one time 
member of four Committees, viz., that of Connnerce 
and Manufactures, the Militia, District of Columbia, 
and the Contingent Expenses of the Senate; was ap- 
pointed, by the Governor, to a second term in the 
Senate, during the recess of the Legislature, and be- 
fore the vacancy occurred, and, by a small majority, 
the Senate decided that the appointment was with- 
out authority of law; was subsequently Judge of the 
Supreme and Superior Courts of Connecticut, for 
three years, from 1826 to 1829; from 1831 to 1834 
was Mayor of Norwich, where he died August 7,- 
1841. His son, Charles James Lanman, also a gradu- 
ate of Vale College, was one of the earliest emigrant 
lawyers from New England to the Territory of Michi- 
gan, where he took part in founding a number of im- 
portant towns, and was for many years Receiver of 
Public Jloneys, and it is a matter of public record 
that on visiting Wasliington, nearlj- thirty j-ears after 
retiring from office, he was ofticially informed that 
there was a couside.able amouut of money standing 
to his credit at the Treasury Department; was sub- 
seiiuently Mayor of Norwich, in Connecticut. Died 
in 1870, in the seventy-sixth year of his age. The 
Senator had another son, James H. Lanman, who 
was a lawyer, and who acquired some reputation as 
an author. ' 

Lansing, O-erit Y.; was born in Albany, New 
York, in 1783; served four years in the Legislature of 
that .State; was a Representative in Congress from 
New York from 1831 to 1837; wa.s, for many years. 
Chancellor of the Board of Regents of the Univers- 
ity of New York. Died at Albany, January 3, 1862. 

Lansing, John ; was a Delegate from New York 
to the Continental Congress from 1784 to 1788: also a 
member of the Convention that framed the Federal 
Constitution, wliicli he opposed, and consequently 
left the Convention, defining his irosition in a pub- 
lished letter. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



29t 



Lansing, William E.; was born in the town of 
Sullivan, Madison t'ciiinty. New Yoik, in 1S22; stud- 
ied law at Utica. and oouiinenced tlie practice in 
1845; in 1850 was elected Di-strict Attorney of Madi- 
son County; in 1857 Clerk of the same county; in 
1860 was elected a Kepresentative from New York to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, servinjj; as a member of 
the Committee on Indian Affairs; was re-elected to 
the Fortj'-secontl and Forty-third Congi'esses, serving 
on the Committee on Claims. Died July 29, 1883. 

Lapham, Elbridge Gerry ; was born in Farm- 
ington, Ontario County, New York, October 18, 1814; 
worked on a farm; rei'i'ived a common school educa- 
tion, and completed his .studies at the Canandaigua 
Academy; was Civil Engineer on the Micliigan 
Southern Railroad; studied law and was admitted to 
the bar in 1844, and gained a successful practice; in 
1807 was a member of the Constitutional Convention 
of New Y'ork; had never been a candidate for any 
political office until elected a Kepresentative from 
New York to the I'orty-fonrth Congress; was re- 
elected to the Forty-tifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty- 
se\"enth Congr&sses; was elected a United States Sen- 
ator from New Y'ork, for the term ending in 1885, to 
<ill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Koscoe 
Conkling. 

Laporte, John ; was born in Pennsylvania; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1833 to 1837. 

Lamed, Samuel; was a citizen of Rhode Is- 
land; went to Chili in 1820 as Secretary of Legation; 
in 1828 was appointed ('lidn/e (rAffhins to Peru; re- 
commissioned in 1830, and remained at that post un- 
til 1837, then returned to the United States. 

Lamed, Simon ; was a native of Massaohusetts; 
served as Colonel of Jlilitia; was, for a time, Sheriff 
of Berkshire County; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Massachusetts, lor the unexpired term of 
T. .1. Skinner. Died in Pittstield, November IG, 
1817, aged sixty-one years. 

Larrabee, Charles H.; was bora in Rome, 
Oneida County, New Y'ork, November 9, 1820; when 
quite young accompanied his father to Ohio; w'as 
educated at Granville College; after devoting some 
attention to practical engineering, studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar, in 1841, at Pontotoc, Missis- 
sippi; in 1844 settled in Chicago, Illinois, and edited 
for a time the Democratic Admcatj; ; served one term 
as City Advocate for Chicago; in 1847 settled in Wis- 
consin, and became a member of the Convention to 
form a State Constitution; in 1818 was elected a 
Circuit .Judge, and, alter serving ten years, resigned ; 
was elected a Representative from \Visconsin to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Expenses in the War Department; 
subsequently entered the armj' in the volunteer serv- 
ice, and had command, as Colonel, of a regiment 
from his State. 

Larrabee, 'William ; was born at Ledyard, Con- 
necticut, .January 20, 1832; received a common 
school education ; in 1853 removed to Fayette County, 
Iowa, and engaged in farming; in 1850 became inter- 
ested in milling and manufacturing enterprises; in 
18()7 W'as elected State Senator lor a term of four 
years, and was sacccssively re-elected four times; in 
1872 he added banking to liis other enterprises; in 
September, 1885. resigned his seat in the State Sen- 
ate to accept the gubernatorial nomination, and in 
the succeeding November was elected Governor of 
Iowa. 



La Sere, Emile ; was born in Louisiana; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1816 
to 1851. 

Lash, Israel G.; was born in lietbania, North 
Carolina, August 18. 1810; worked on a farm until 
he became of age; then followed the biisiiu'ss of a 
merchant and manufacturer; became a l)anker in 
1847; was elected a Representative from North (.'aro- 
lina to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on the Treasury Department; was re-elected to 
the Forty-first Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Banking and Currency, and the Treasury Depart- 
ment. 

Latham, George R.; was l)orn in Prince Wil- 
liam County, Virginia, March 9, 1832; was cilncated 
at country schools and at honu!; studied law, while 
teaching school, and was admitted to the bar in 1859; 
editt^l a compaign paper at Grafton, West Virginia, 
in 1860; entered the army in 1861, as Captain, and 
was made Colonel of the Second Virginia Infantry; 
was elected a Representative from West Virginia to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Printing and Public Buildings and Grounds; 
in February, 1867, was appointecl, by President 
Johnson, Consul to Melbourne, Australia. 

Latham, Louis Charles ; was born at Ply- 
mouth, North Carolina, September 11, 1840; gradu- 
ated at the University of North Carolina in 1859; at- 
tended the Law School of Harvard University, Mas- 
sachusetts; engaged in the practice of law; served in 
the Confederate Army during the War of the Rebel- 
lion, and attained the rank of Major; was elected a 
member of the State House of Commons in 1864; was 
elected a State Senator in 1870; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from North Carolina to the Forty-seventh 
Congress. 

Latham, Milton S.; was born in Columbus, 
Ohio, May 23, 1827; graduated at Jefferson College. 
Pennsylvania, in 1845; soon afterwards removed to 
Alabama, where he studied law; in 1848 was ai>- 
pointed Clerk of the Circuit Court ibr Russell County ; 
removed to California in 1350, and was there ap- 
pointed Clerk of the Recorder's Court in San Fran- 
cisco; was soon afterwards chosen District Attorney 
for the Counties of Sacramento and El Dorado, whicii 
office he held in 1851; in 1852 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from California to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, declining a re-election; in 18.53 was appointed, 
by President Pierce, Collector of San Francisco, 
whicli office he held until 1857; having been elected 
Governor of California, three days after his inaugu- 
ration, in January, 1860, was elected a Senator in 
Congress from California, Ibr six years, serving on the 
Committees on Military Affairs, and on Posti Offices 
and Post Roads; was afterwards President of the 
Bank of California, at San Francisco. Died JIarch 
5, 1882. 

Lathrop, Samuel ; was born in Hampden Conn- 
ty, Massachusetts, in 1771; graduated from Yale Col- 
lege in 1792; studied law and attained a high posi- 
tion at the bar; was a Representative in Congress 
from Massachusetts from 1818 to 1826, was a mem- 
ber of the Massachusetts Senate for ten years, and 
President of that body in 1829 and 1830. Died in 
West Springfield, July 11, 1846. 

Lathrop, "William; was born in Genesee County, 
New Y'ork, April 17, 1825; received a common school 
education; studied and practiced law; removed to 
Illinois and was a member of the Legislature of that 
State in 1856; was elected a Representative from Illi- 
nois to the Forty-fifth Congress. 



802 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Lattimer, Henry ; was born at Newport, Dela- 
ware, April 24, 1752; studied medicine at Philadel- 
phia and at Edinburgh, and practiced, on his return 
from the latter place, until 1777, when he was ap- 
pointed Surgeon of the Flying Hospital; after the 
•war returned home, and practiced until 1794; was a 
member of the State Legislature; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Delaware from 1793 to 1795; 
a Senator in Congress from 1795 to 1801, when he 
resigned. Died in Philadelphia, December 19, 1819. 

Lattimore, 'William ; was born at Norfolk, 
Virginia, February' 9, 1774, where he received a 
limited education; .studied medicine; removed to the 
Territory of Missi.ssippi; was a Delegate to Congress 
from that Territory from 1803 to 1807, and from 1813 
to 1817; was a Delegate to tlie Convention which 
foinied the first Constitution of Mississippi; after 
which he retired to private life. Died April 3, 1843. 

Laurance, John ; was born in the County of 
Cornwall, England, in 1750; emigrated to the city of 
New York in 1767; studied law, and was admitted 
to the l>ar in 1772; in 1775 was commissioned in the 
First New York Regiment, and served to the end of 
the Revolutionary War, his several grades having 
been Aid-de-camp to liis relative. Colonel McDougal, 
Judge Advocate, and Ueueral, in which latter capacity 
he conducted the court-martial called to try Major 
Andre; in 1783 esumed the practice of his profession 
in New York; in 1785 and 178(5 was a member of the 
First Congress; in 1789 was elected a State Senator, 
and during that year was elected, by a five-sixths 
vote, a Representative in the Federal Congress, serv- 
ing from 1789 to 1793; wasappointed, by Washington, 
in 1794, .Judge of the United States District Court for 
New York; was a Senator in Congress from 1796 to 
1800, serving for a short time as President pro tcin. of 
thatbodv, when he resigned and retired to private 
life. Died in 1810. 

Laurens, Henry ; w-as born in South Carolina; 
was an early opponent of Great Britain; was a mem- 
ber of the Carolina Congress of 1775, and elected its 
president; was Vice-President nnder the temporary 
Constitution; was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress from 1777 to 1780, and chosen Presulent of that 
body during the former year; signed the Articles of 
Confederation; in 1780 w;is sent abroad to negotiate 
a loan with Holland, but, having been captured by a 
Briti.sh vessel oft" Newfoundland, was sent to England 
and imprisoned in the Tower, for more than a year, 
for I'.igh treason; the papers taken from his person 
caused a war between England and Holland; he peti- 
tioned Parliament for a release, and when set at 
liberty went to Paris, where he signed the prelimin- 
aries of peace in 1782, as a Commissioner appointed 
by Congress; returned to America in 1783. Died in 
Charleston in 1792, in the si.xty -ninth year of his age. 

La'W, John ; was born in New London, Connecti- 
cut, in 1796; graduated at Yale College in 1814; 
studied law, and was admitted to practice in the 
Supreme Court of Connecticut in 1817; soon after- 
wards emigrated to the new State of Indiana, locating 
at Vinceniies; soon after arriving in the West was 
elected a Prosecuting Attorney, and in 1823 a mem- 
ber of the Legislature; was again elected Attorney 
for his district, and held that ])ositiou until promoted 
to a Judgeship, which office he held by re-elections 
for eight years; in 1838 was appointed, by President 
Van Buren, Receiver of Public Moneys at ^'incennes, 
holding the office four years; in 1855 was appointed, 
by President Pierce, Judge of the "Court of Laud 
Claims," to adjudicate the claims of the old inluiln- 
tants of Indiana and Illinois, and was re-appoiuted 



in 1856; subsequently removed to Evansville, where 
he resumed the practice of his profession; in 1860 
was elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Committees 
on the Library and on Revolutionary Pensions; was 
re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Agriculture and Revolutionary 
Pensions, and the Select Committee on Emigiation; 
as Chairman of the Committee on Pensions, he drew 
up and reported the bill giving to the soldiers of the 
Revolution, twelve only surviving, one hundred dol- 
lars per annum, which bill p;issed unanimously; was 
partial to historical studies, and was President of the 
State Historical Society of Indiana until his entrance 
into Congress; like Mr. Charles F. Adams, Mr. John 
Law can mention the fact, with excusable pride, that 
his father and his grandfather both served their 
country as membei-s of Congress; Amasa Learned, 
who was his grandfather on his mother's side, was iu 
the first Congress that sat under the Constitution. 
Died at Evansville, Indiana, October 7, 1873. 

La-w, Jonathan ; was bom in Milford, Con- 
necticut, August 6, 1674; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1695; studied law, and began to practice 
in Milford in 1698; in 1706 was made Justice of the 
Peace; Justice of the Quorum in 1710; Chief Judge 
in 1714; Assistant Judge from 1717 until chosen 
Deputy-Governor in 1725; was Chief Justice of the 
Supreme Court of the State from 1725 to 1741. and 
Governor from Ma.y, 1741, until Ms death, which oc- 
curred November 6, 1750. 

La'W, Lyman ; was born at New London. Con- 
necticut, August 19, 1770; graduated at Yale College, 
in 1791; studied law with his father, Richard Law 
(who was a member of the Continental Congress), 
and practiced at New London; after serving in the 
Legislature of the State, and being Speaker of the 
House of Representatives, w;is elected to Congress 
and served from 1811 to 1817. Died in New London, 
February 3, 1842. 

Law^, Richard ; was bom at Milford. Connecti- 
cut, March 17, 1733; graduated at Yale College iu 
1751; studied law, and practiced iu New London, at- 
taining the highest eminence in his profession; was 
President .Judge of the County Court, and Judge of 
the Supreme Court; was a Delegate to the Contineu- 
ta.1 Congress from 1777 to 1778, and also from 1781 to 
1784; after the adoption of the Federal Constitution 
was appointed United States District Judge, which 
office he held until his death, which occurred Janu- 
ary 2(), 1806, at New Loudon, Connecticut; vr;is a 
personal friend of Washington; was long Mayor of 
New London, and, with Roger Sherman, revised the 
Code of Connecticut; was the sou of Jonathan Law, 
one of the Colonial Governors. 

La"wler, Frank; was born at Rochester. New- 
York, June 25, 1842; attended a public school until 
thirteen years of age, wlien, owing to a serious acci- 
dent which befell his father, he was compelled to 
leave school and .seek employment in a brick-yard, 
where he continued to labor for two years; was a 
news-agent on railroads for tliree j'ears; learned the 
trade of a ship-builder; settled in Cliicago, Illinois; 
was elected President of the Sliip-carpeuters' and 
Sliip-caulkers' A.ssociation ; became agent for the 
Workingmaii's Advocate; from 1869 to 1877 held a 
position in the Chicago Post Office; was elected a 
member of the Chicago City Council in April. 1870, 
and was re-elected in 1878, "l880, 1882, and 1884; in 
1878 engaged in Ijusiness as a liquor merchant; was 
elected a Representative from Illinois to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



293 



Lawler, Joab ; was l)orn in North Carolina, June 
I'i, 171'f), was efhicuted for the ministry, and became 
a clerf;.vnian of the ISaptist C'liurtli; in 1826 wa.s 
elected to the I>ower House of the Alabama Legisla- 
ture, and was re-eleoted until 1831, in which year he 
was elected to the State Senate; in 1832 wa-s appointed 
Keceiver of Public Moneys for the Coosa Land Dis- 
trict, and held the office until 183.5; in 1833 wa-s 
elected Trea,surer of the University of Alabama; was 
a Keprescntative in Congress from Alabama from 
1835 to 1K38. Died in Wa.shington, May 8, 1838, 
during the first session of his second term. 

Lawrence, Abbott ; was born in Groton, Mas- 
sachusetts, December 16, ITU'^; his education was 
obtained at a district school and at Groton Academy; 
in 1808 went to Boston, and became a clerk in the 
store of his brother Amos; in 1814 was admitted as 
a partner in the business, and for many years the 
twain prosecuted a very extensive importing busi- 
nesss, and laid the foundation of their several for- 
tunes; Abbott was the traveling partner, and visited 
Europe a number of times; subsequently became one 
of the foremost men in building up American manu- 
factures, and the flourishing city of Lawrence was 
the offspring of his enterprise; in 1827 was a Dele- 
ate to the " Harrisburg Convention " ; served in the 
Common Council of ISoston in 1831; w:vs a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1835 to 1837, and again 
in 1839 and 1840; in 1842 was appointed a Commis- 
sioner to arrange the North-eastern Boundary (Ques- 
tion; was a Presidential Elector in 1844; in 1849 w;is 
invited, by President Taylor, into his Cabinet, but 
declined; subsequently accepted the appointment of 
Minister to England, where he acquitted himself 
with credit ; founded a scientific school at Cambridge, 
and his gifts and bequests to various charitable and 
religious societies proved him to be a man of many 
noble qualities. Died iu liostou August 18, 1855. 

La'wrence, Cornelius Van Wyck ; was born 

in Flushing, Long Island, February 28, 1791 ; passed 
his boyhood on his lather's farm, and acquired a good 
English education; on arriving .at the age of man- 
liood, removed to New York City; wiis a Representa- 
tive in Congress from New York City from 1832 to 
1834; for two yeiirs succeeding was Mayor of the city 
of New York; in 1836 w;is President of the Electoral 
College; for twenty years held the honorable posi- 
tion of President of the Bank of the State of New 
York : among other positions of trust and responsi- 
bility which, with the above, have tended to give 
him a high reputation, may be mentioned the follow- 
ing: Director of the Branch Bank of the Unit«d 
States and the Bank of .\merica, Trustee of the New 
Y'ork Life and Trust Company, and of numerous Fire 
and M.arine Insurance Companies; in 18.>6 ill-health 
t'ompelled him to retire from business, and he spent 
tlie closing years of his life in peace, on the spot 
where his ancestors resided for two hundred years. 
Died at Flushing, February 20, 1801. 

Lawrence, Georg'e V.; was born in Washing- 
ton County, Pennsylvania, in 1818; received a lib- 
eral education; devoted himself to agricultural pur- 
suits; was elected to the State Legislature in 1814, 
1847, 18.58, and 18.59, and to the State Senate in 1848, 
1849, 18.50, 1851, and IrtfjO, olliciating as .Speaker 
during the la.st term: fre(iuentl}' .served in the Con- 
Tent ions of the State: in HiM was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-ninth 
C'ongres.s, serving on the Committees on Agriculture 
and Invalid Pensions; wivs also a Delegate to the 
Pliiladelpliia " Loyalists' Convention" of 1866; was 
re-tlec'.cd to the Fortieth Congress, serving ou the 



Committee on the Post Office; was .again elected a 
Representative to the Forty-eighth Congress, 

Lavrrence, Albert Gallatin; was born in 
New York City, April 14, 1836; was educated at the 
Charlier Institute, New York, the Anglo-American 
Academy, Vevay, Switzerland, and at Ilarvard Uni- 
versity, graduating from the latter institution in 
18,57; studied law at the Harvard Law School; was 
admitted to the bar in 1860; went, as Secretary ol 
Legation, to Vienna, Austria; returned in 1861 and 
entered the LInion Army as a Lieutenant in the 
Fifty-fourth Regiment of New York Volunteers; w.ts 
soon transferred to staff duty; was promoted to Cap- 
tain, and led the "forlorn hope" at the capture ol 
Fort Fisher; received five bullet wounds during the 
assault; for his conspicuous gallantry on this occa- 
sion received four brevets; as a result of his wounds 
one arm w.as amputated; after the close of the war, 
w;vs appointed United States Minister to Costa Rica; 
while there took umbrage at the disparaging com- 
ments of an allaohe of the Prussian Legation upon 
the United States, and challenged him to fight a 
duel; after the Prussian h.od fired, without etiect, 
Gener.al Lawrence fired in the air; on his return to 
the United States, engaged in literary pursuits. 
Died in New York City, January 1, 1887. 

La'Wrence, John "W.; was born ii. New York; 

served two years in the Assembly of that State from 
Queen's County; was a Representative in Congress 
from 1845 to 1847. 

La'wrrence, Joseph ; was born in Adams County, 
Pennsylvania, in 1788; served for nine years in the 
State Legislature, two sessions as Speaker; one year 
as State Treasurer; was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania from 1825 to 1829. and again 
from 1841 to the time of his death, which occurred 
in Washington, District of Columbia, April 17, 1842 

La'wrrence, Philip K.; was a citizen of Louisi- 
ana; about the year I8;i8 was appointed United .States 
.fudge for the two judicial districts of Louisiana, re- 
siding at New Orleans. 

Lawrence, Samuel; was born in New York; 
served seven years in the .\ssembly of that State; was 
a Representative in Congress from 1823 to 1825. 

Lawrence, Sidney; was born in Vermont; re- 
moved to New York; w;is elected a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1847 to 1849. 

La'wrence, 'William ; was born in Washington, 
Guernsey County, Ohio, September 2, 1814; gradu- 
ated at .leffcrson College, Pennsylvania, in Septem- 
ber, 1835; eug.aged in mercantile and agricultural 
pursuits; served in the Ohio Legislature in 1843; was 
a Presidential Elector in 1848; a member of the Con- 
stitutional Convention of Ohio in 18.50 and 1851 ; State 
.Senator in 1856 and 1857; was elected a Reprc'senta- 
tive to the Thirty-fifth Congress, officiating .as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Expenditures in the State 
Dejjartment. 

Lawrence, "William ; was born at Mount Ple.is- 
ant, .letfcrson County, Oliio, .lune 26, 1819; gra<l- 
uated at Franklin College, Ohio, in l-t38; taught 
school for a time, and in 1840 graduated with the de- 
greeof LL.B. in the Law Department of Cincinnati 
College, coming to the bar in tliat year; for one year 
was a reporter aiui corr<'spond<'nt at (,'olunibus for 
the Ohio Stale Journal and other papers; in 1842 wa.s 
appointed Couimi.ssioncr of Bankrupts for Ix)gan 
County; in 1845 w;is made Pro.secuting .Attorney for 
the same county, resigning in one year; from 1.845 'o 



Sd4 



ilOliRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



1847 was editor and proprietor of the Logan Gazette; 
in 1846 and 1847 served in the State Lejsislature; in 
38 18 was a member of the Senate; in 1851 was elected 
ive.iorter lor the Supreme Court of the State; in 1853 
ivas again elected to the State Senate, and was the 
author ot the Ohio Free Banking Law; in 185G was 
elected a Judge of the Court of Common I'leas for 
five years; re-elected in 1861, but resigned in 18(i4. 
}V ° . ^*''''*. *''«''^*"1 'I Representalive from Ohio to 
the Ihirty-ninth Congress; during a part of his legal 
career was editor of the Wrsteni Law Monthlii: in 
1862 was Colonel of the Eightv-fourtli Ohio Volun- 
teers lor three months; in 1863 President Lincoln 
tendered hira a Judgeship in Florida, which he de- 
clined; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyal- 
ists Convention " of 1866; was re-elected to the For- 
tieth, Forty-lirst, Forty-third, and Forty-fourth Con- 
gresses; received from Franklin College the degree of 
■A. M. and LL.D., and from Wittenberg College the 
(le„'ree of LL.D.; in 1880 was appointed First Comp- 
troller ot the United States Treasury; was the author 
?/,^ 'T''*' Law of Claims Against Governments," 
rhe Law of Religions Societies," and of several 
Tolumes of decisions as Comptroller, besides a great 
number of judicial decisions, and speeches upon lit- 
erary and political topics, which, if collected, would 
make several volumes; was a Trustee of the Ohio 
Wesleyan Univei-sity. 

Lawi-ence, William Beach; was born in New 
York City, October 23, 18(»0; graduated at Columbia 
College in 1818; after a course of legal and hi.storical 
study at Paris, he became a coun.selor of the New 
Vork Supreme "Court in 1823; Secretary of Legation 
at London in 1826; Cliaiyt iFAfairei in 1827 and 
1828; Lieutenant-Governor of Rhode Island in 18,->] 
and 1852, and for a portion of the time acting Gov- 
ernor; was the author of an Address before the New 
York Academy of Fine Arts in ].826; of a translation 
ot Marbois' History of Louisiana, with Essays and 
Notes, in 1830; Discourse before the New York His 
torieal Society in 1832, of which society he was Vice- 
President from 1836 to 1845; "Two Lectures on Po- 
litical Economy" in 1832; "Bank of the United 
States " in 1831; " Inquiry into the Causes of Pub- 
lic Distress " in 1834; " History of the Northeastern 
Boundary Negotiations " in 1841; "Memoir of Al- 
bert Gallatin," 1843; al.so, the same year, of "Colo- 
nization and History of New Jersey,'" 1843- " Tiie 
Lavy of Charitable Uses," 1845; Lives of Reuben 
Walcott and Charles O'Connor in 1848; "Maine 
Law Speech in tlie Rhode Island Senate," 185'>- 
"Visitation and Search," 1858; an edition of "Whea- 
ton's Internal Law with Additional Notes," 18.55- 
and contributed to many journals and per'iodicals' 
was also Prolcs.sor of the Law of Nations in Columbia 
College, "Wa-shington; was made LL.D. by Brown 
University, and Doctor of Civil Law bv the'Univers- 
ity of New York; in 1873 received a fee of forty 
thousand dollars lor arguing the case of the OVck.s- 
man before Joint Higli Commissioners in Washin'r- 
ton. Died March 26, 18S1. ° 



liawrence, William T.; was born in New York 
City, May 7, 1788; was bred a mercliaiit, and con- 
ytinued such until called into the .service of the United 
•States, in the War of 1812, as a iMilitia Captain of 
Artillery; in 1823 removed to Cayuga County, New 
York, and .settled on a farm: iri 1838 was "chosen 
County Judge; from 1847 to 184>J was a Representa- 
tive in Congress; also served as Delegate to several 
nominating Conventions. 

Lawrence, William W.; was an early emi- 
grant to Florida; was aiijiointed .Jndgeof the United 
iitates District Court of that State. 



La-wson, John D.; was born in Montgomery, 
New York, February 18, 1816; was educated at the 
schools of his native village; was a merchant in New 
\ork for more than twenty-five years, and retired 
from business in 1868; wa.s a Deleg.lte to the Na- 
tional Republican Conventions of 1868 and 1872; de- 
clined public office until elected to the Forty-third 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Indian Af- 
iairs. 

Lawyer, Thomas ; was a member of the New 
York Assembly from Schoharie County, in 1816; was 
a R ■presentative in Congress from New York from 
1817 to 1819. 

Lay, Alfred Morrison; w.as born in Lewis 
County, Mis.souri, May 20, 1836; in 1842 removed, 
with his parents, to Benton County; received the 
rudiments of his education at private schools, and 
graduated from Bethany College, Virginia, in 1856; 
studied law at Jeflerson City, and was admitted to 
the bar in 18.57; was appointed, by President Bu- 
chanan, United States Attorney tiir the Western 
District of Missouri; resigned in 1861, and entered 
the Confederate Army; served throughout the war, 
rising to the rank of Major; was a member of the 
State Constitutional Convention in 1875; was elected 
a Reiire-sentative from Missouri to the Forty-sixtb 
Congress. Died December 9, 1879. 

Lay, George W.; was born in New York; was 
liberally educated; was a lawyer bv profession; was' 
a Representative in Congress I'nmr 1833 to 1837; a. 
member of the New York Assembly from Genesee 
u'ounty in 1840; in 1842 was appointed Ckarqe 
I'AJitircs to Sweden by President Tyler. Died at 
Batavia, New York, October 21, 1860, 

Lazear, Jesse; was born in Greene County, 
Penn.sylvania, December 12, 1804; received his early 
education from his parents, and worked on a fariii 
until he became of age; serv(^d as a Clerk in the Re- 
corder's office; in 1829 and 1832 was appointed Reg- 
ister and Recorder for his county; from that tima 
until 1864 held the position of Cashier of the Farm- 
ers' and Drovers' Bank of Waynesburg: in 1860 was 
elected a Representative from' Pennsylvania to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on 'the Committee 
on Private Land Claims, and Chairman of that on 
Expenditures on the Public Buildings; in 1862 was 
re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Public Expenditures, and again on 
that relating to Public Buildings; was a Delegate 
to the I'hiladelphia " National Union Convention" 
of 1866. 

Lea, John M.; was a native of Tennessee- was 
appointed a .ludge of the United States District 
Court for that State. 



Lea, Luke; was born in Surry County, North 
Carolina, .lanuary 26, 1782; remo'ved, at 'an early 
age, with his father, to Tennessee, where he was for 
several years. Clerk of the House of Kepresentati'ves- 
served gallantly in Florida and in the Creek country 
under General Jackson in the Indian ware; was a 
Representative in Congress from Tennessee, from 
1833 to 1837; for thirty years discharged the'duties 
ol Cashier of the State Bank, and Register of the 
State Land Office of Tennessee; in 1849 was ap- 
pointed, by I'resident Taylor, Indian Agent of the 
Fort Leavenworth Agency, and was highly esteemed 
by the Indians under his charge. He was returnino- 
to his residence, after making the Indian pavmentl 
o( his agency, when he was killed by a fall Hiom his 
horse. June 17, 1851. 



p. I O GRAPHICAL AN N AL.S. 



2P«t 



Lea, Luke ; was boru in Tennessee, and was a 
son of the member ol' Congress beiiring the sanie 
name; in July, 1850, was appointed, IVom Jlissis- 
sippi, Commissioner of Indian Afiaii-s, and held the 
oflice until March, 1S53. 

Lea, Pryor; was horn in Knox Countj', Ten- 
,pcssee, in 1794; was edmatrd at CJreeiiville College: 
studied law, and was admitted to tlie bar in 1817; 
served with General .Jackson in the C'leelc War in 
181:i; was Clerk of the Legislature in 1816; United 
States District Attorney in lS-24; was a l\ei)resenta- 
tive in Congress from Tennessee, IVom 18'-!7 to isiil; 
in 18:57 removed to .laekson, Mississippi, and in 
1847 to Goliad, Texas; ho piojeeted the work called 
the "Central Transit," for b lilding a railroad from 
Arkansas Bay to Mazatlan, and was President of the 
Company. 

Leach, De Witt C; was born in Chirc'nee, Erie 
County, New York, November 23, 1822; was self- 
edueated; w;is bred a farmer; chosen a member of the 
Michigan Legislature in 184!) and 18.50; was a mem- 
ber of the Convention to revise the State Constitution 
in 1850; was State Librarian in 18.55 and 1856; was 
elected a Kcpresentative to the Tliirty-fifth Congress 
from Michigan, serving as a member of the Commit- 
teeon Revisal and UnlinishedBusiness; was re-elected 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Indian Allairs. 

Leach, James M.; was born in Landsdowne, 
Kandolph County, North Carolina; received a classical 
education; studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1842; served ten years in the Legislature of North 
Carolina; in 1856 was a Presidential Elector; in 185(1 
was elected a Representative from that State to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Kevolulionary Claims; served in the 
Confederate Army, and wa.s in the Confederate Con- 
gress; was elected to the State Senate after the Re- 
bellion; was elected to ilie Forty-second and Forty- 
third Congresses. 

Leadbetter, D. P.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
removed to Ohio; was elected a Representative in 
Congress lioin 1837 to 1841. 

Leake, Shelton F.; was borri in Albemarle 
County, Virginia, November 30, 1812; received a 
good English education; taught for three years an 
■'old lield school "; studied law, and in his twenty- 
fifth year was admitted to the bar; in 18 12 was elected 
to the Virginia House oi Delegates; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from Virginia from 1845 to 1847; 
was a Presidential Elector in 1849; in 1851 was 
elected Lieutenant-Governor of Virginia; w'asa candi- 
date for Governor, in 1854, but was deflated; in 18.5!) 
was elected to the Federal House of lieprescntatives 
for the Thirty-.sixth Congress, .serving as a member of 
the Committee on Manufactures; took part in the 
Rebellion. 

Leake, Walter ; was a soldier in the Revolu- 
) ionary War; served as Senator of the United .States 
from 1817 to 18:i0; in 1821 was elected (iovernorof 
Mississippi. Died at Mount Salus, Hinds County, 
Mississippi, November 17, 1825. 

Lear, Tobias ; was bom in Portsmouth, New 
nampshire, September 19, 1762; graduated from 
Harvard University in 1783, became Private. Secretary 
tj General Washington in 1785, and was liberally re- 
membered by him in his will; in 18III was Consul- 
General at St. Domingo; frimi 1804 to 1812 was Con- 
sul-General at Algiers, and commissioner to coocludc 



a peace with Tripoli; the latter duty he performed in" 
1805, much to the dissatisfaction of General Eaton, 
who was gaining iiuportant advantages over tlit; 
Tripolitans; Lear's conduct was approved by hia 
government, although censured by a portion of the 
public: at the time of his decease he was an account-' 
ant in th(' War Department. Died at Washington, • 
D. C, October 10, 1816. 

Learned, Amasa ; was born at Killingly, Con- 
necticut, November 15, 1750; graduated at Yale 
College in 1772; studied theology, but soon aban- 
dimed it as a profession; was a member of the Con- 
vention which ratilied the Constitution of the United , 
States; served in the State Assembly several terms; . 
w;us a Representative in Congress from Connecticut 
from 1801 to 1805; in 1818 was a member of the State 
Constitutional Convention. 

Leary, Cornelius L.; was born in Baltimore, 
Maryland, October 22, 1813; was educated at St. 
-Mary's College in that city; in 1835 engaged ia- 
business in Louisville, Kentucky; returned to.Balti-- 
more in 1837; in 1838 was chosen a Deleg.ate to the 
.Maryland .\ssembly; in 1847 came to the bar; in 1856 
was a Presidential Elector; in 1861, at a special 
election, was elected a Representative from Mary- 
land to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Commerce. 

Leaven-worth, Elias Warner ; was born at 
Canaan, New Y'ork, December 20, 1803; removed to 
Great iSarrington, Jlassachusetts, at two years of 
age; first received an academic education, then en- 
tered Williams College in 1820; graduated at Yale 
College in 1824; stu<lied law with William Cullen 
liryant, and at Litchfield Law School; was admitted 
to practice in 1827; settled at Syracuse; was com- 
pelled by bronchitis to abandon his profession in 
18.50; was a member of the State Legislature in 1835; 
in 1836 was appointed Brigadier-General of the State 
Artillery; was President of the village from 1839 to 
1841, aiid in 184(i and 1847; .Supervisor in 1839 and 
1840; Mavor ol Syracuse from 1849 to 185i); member 
of the Legislature from 18.50 to 1857; Secretarj' of 
State in 1854 and 1855; in 1860 was I'resident of the 
State Convention; in 1861 was Commissioner under 
the Convention ^vith New Gninada; in 1865 was 
I'resident of the Board to locate the State .V.sylum 
lor the Blind, and a Trustee of the Asylum for 
Idiots: i^. JH67 was elected a Trustee for Hamilton 
College, hut being a Regent was ineligible; in 1872 
received the <lcgrec of LIaD. from Hamilton College; 
held various important local positions, and was 
elected a Representative from New York to the Forly- 
Iburth Congress. 

Leavitt, Humphrey H.; was born in SufTield, 
C(mm_cticut. in .lune, 171)6; at an e;irly day removed, 
with his father, to the Western Reserve of Ohio; re- 
w^ivcd an acadi-mic education; adopted the profes- 
sion of the law; wiis admitted to the bar in 1816; 
served in the State Legislature, — in the House in 
1825 and 1826, and in the Senate in 1827; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1831 to 1834; was for 
many years Judge of the District Court of Ohio; 
having been appointed, by President Jackson, in 
1834. 

Le Blond, Francis C; was born in Ohio, and 
adopted the profession of the law; in ISol was 
elected for two years to the State Legislature; was re- 
elected in 18.53," and .served :ts Speaker of that body; 
in 1862 was elected a Representative from Ohio to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Public Expenditures; was re-elected to th« 



ace 



BIOGEAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Naval Affaire and Expenditures on the Public Build- 
ings. 

Lecompte, Joseph; was born in Woodford 
County, Kentucky; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Kentucky from 1825 to 1833. 

Lecompte, Samuel D.; was born in Maryland; 
w;us appointed Chief Justice of the United States 
Court for the Territory of Kansas, and took a lead- 
ine part in the atiairs of that Territory. 

Le Due, William G.; wasa citizen of Wisconsin; 
was commissioner of Agriculture, at Washington, 
from 1877 to 1881. 

Lee, Arthur; was born in Virginia in 1740; 
was educated at the University of Edinburgh, where 
he pursued the study of medicine; while pursuing 
the study of law in the Temple, in I^ndon, rendered 
important services to his country by obtaining infor- 
mation bearing upon the Kevolution; in 177.5 acted 
as an agent for his native State, and presented to the 
king the second petition of Congress; from 1776 to 
1779 was Minister to France, and negotiated an im- 
portant treaty; perlbrmed the duties of Commis- 
sioner to .Spain in 1777; resided in Prussia for a time 
in a semi-official capacity, and did much there to 
help the American cause; in 1781 was elected to the 
Assembly of Virginia, but was immediately chosen a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress, where he re- 
mained until 178r>; before the e.'tpiration of his term 
in Congress was delegated to make several treaties 
■with the Indians on the Northern frontier; soon after 
leaving Congress was appointed Secretary of the 
Treasury, which oftice he held until 1789. Died in 
179-J. He stood high as a man of integiity and ] 
patriotism. His life was published in 18-.29 by R. H. | 
Lee, and his Public Letters were published in 
Sparks' Diplomatic Correspondence. 

Lee, Charles ; was a native of Virginia; gradu- 
ated at the College of Xew Jersey in 177.5; was Secre- 
taiy of an important Board of Commissioners of the 
Continental Congress; was an eminent lawyer, a 
member of the State Legislature, and was appointed, 
by Washington, to succeed William Bradford as At- 
torney-<;eneral of the United States in 179.5, serving 
until 1801; was subsequently appointed, by Presi- 
dent .Jefferson, Chief Justice of the Circuit Court of 
the United States for the Fourth Circuit, but ile- 
cliued the oftice. Died in Farquhar County. Vir- 
ginia, June 24, 1815, aged fifty-seven years; was the 
brother of General Henry Lee. 

Lee, Fitzhugh ; was born at Clermont, Fairfax 
County, Virginia, November 19. 183.5; his early edu- 
cation w!is acquired fn)m private tutors; at the age 
of sixteen he was appointed a cadet at the West 
Point Military Academy; in 1850 he graduated from 
that institution and was commissioned a Second 
Lieutenant in the Second United States Cavalry ; in 
1859 and 1860, in engagements with Indians on the 
Western frontier, be displayed conspicuous gallantry 
and was severely wt)unded; at the commencement of 
the Civil War resigned his commission and joined 
the Confederate Army ; was, at once, appointed Ad- 
jutant-General of a brigade; in September, 1861. was 
commissioned a Lieutenant-Colonel; was soon after- 
wards promoted to a Colonelcy; in July, 186'2, was 
made a Brigadier-General; in 1863 wiis commissioned 
a Major-General ; in 1885 was elected Governor of the 
State of Virginia. 

Lee, Francis Lightfoot; w;is born in West- 
moreland County, Virginia, October 14, 1734; was 



the brother of Richard Henry Lee; was well edu- 
cated by private tutors; in 1765 and 1766 was elected 
to the House of Burgesses, and was a strong advocate 
of equal rights; was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress from 1775 to 1780; signed the Declaration 
of Independence, and also the Articles of Confedera- 
tion; served in the State Legislature. Died April, 
1797. , 

Lee, Gideon ; was born in Amherst, Massachu- 
setts, in 1777; in early life removed to the city of 
New York, where he became a leather merchant, and 
amassed a large fortune; was, at one time. Mayor of 
New York; a Presidential Elector; was a member of 
Congress during tl«3 years 1836 and 1837. Died at 
Geneva, New York, August 21, 1841. 

Lee, Henry ; was born in Virginia, January 29, 
1756; graduated at Princeton College in 1773; in 1776 
was appointed a Captain of Cavalry, under Colonel 
Bland, and in September, 1777, joined the main 
army; his skill in discipline and gallant bearing at- 
tracted the notice of Washington, and he was soon 
promoted to the rank of Major, with the command 
of a separate corps of cavalry; then advanced to the 
rank of Lieutenant-Colonel; from 1780 to the end of 
the war he served under Greene; the services of Lee's 
Legion in various actions were very important; par- 
ticularly distinguished himself in the battle of Guil- 
ford; afterwards succeeded in capturing Fort Corn- 
wallis and other forts; was also conspicuous at Nine- 
ty-six, and at the Eutaw Springs; in 1786 was ap- 
pointed a Delegate in Congress from Virginia, in 
which body he remained till the Constitution was 
adopted, having, in the Convention of Virginia, ad- 
vocated its adoption ; in 1791- was chosen Governor of 
Virginia, and remained in oftice three years; by ap- 
pointment of President Washington, he commanded 
the forces sent to suppress the Whisky Insurrection 
in Pennsylvania; was a member of Congress at the 
period of Washington's death, in 1799, aud was ap- 
pointed by Congress to deliver a eulogy on the occa- 
sion; in 1801 retired to private life, and in his last 
years was distressed with pecuniary embarrassments; 
in 1809, while confined within the bounds of Spott- 
sylvania County, for debt, he wrote his valuable 
''Memoirs of the Southern Campaigns"; in 181'2, 
during the attack of the mob at Baltimore, he was 
one of the defenders; was severely wounded, and car- 
ried to the jail for safety; returning from the West 
Indies, where he had gone for health. He died at Cum- 
berland Island, near St. Mary's, Georgia, March 25, 
1818. His exploits during the Kevolution gained for 
him the name of " Light Horse Harry "; he was the 
father of General Robert E. Lee. 

Lee, Henry B.; was elected a Representative 
from New York to the Fifteenth Congress, but died 
before taking his seat. 

Lee, John; was a Repre.sentative in Congress 
from Maryland from 1823 to 1825. 

Lee, Joshua; was born in New York; served 
three years in the Legislature of that state, from On- 
tario and Yates Counties; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1835 to 1837. 

Lee, M. Lindley ; was born in Mini.sink, Orange 
County. New York, May 29, 1805; passed his boy- 
hood working upon a farm in summer, and attending 
the district school in winter; when sixteen years of 
age commenced an academic course of study, and 
graduated at Union College in 1827; studied medicine 
and surgery, and in 1830 obtained a degree from the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons of Western New 
Y'ork; while devoting himself to his profession, was 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



237 



ajipointed Postmaster of Fulton, Orange County. 
New York, serving from 1840 to 1844; in 184G and 
1847 was fleeted to the Assembly of New York; sul)- 
lequently, for three terms, held the position of Com- , 
missioner of Loans for the State; was a member of 
the State Senate in 18.55; in 1S58 was elected a Rep- 
resentative to the Thirty-sixth Congress, from New 
York, serving as a member of the Committee on Post 
Offices and Post Roads; was a Delegate to the New 
Y'ork "Constitutional Convention" of 1867. 

Lee, Richard Bland ; was a native of Virginia; 
was a Representative in Congress from 1789 to 1795; 
was one of those who voted for locating the Seat of 
Government on the Potomac. Died in 1827. 

Lee, Richard Henry ; was born at Stratford, 
Westmoreland County, Virginia, January 20, 1732; 
wa.s educated at Wakefield, Y'orkshire, England; had 
a seat in the House of Burgesses of Virginia in 17.57, 
and proposed there, in 1773, the formation of a Com- 
mittee of Correspondence; had the honor of originat- 
ing the first resistance to British oppression, in the 
time of the Stamp Act, in 1765; wasa member of the 
First Congress, in 1774, and in October prepared the 
draft of the memorial to the peopleof British America; 
in accordance with instructions from the " Virginia 
Convention," he first proposed in Congress a Declara- 
tion of Independence, June 7, 1776, and a Committee 
was appointed to prepare it; was a signer of the 
adopted Declaration of Independence, and of the 
Articles of Confederation; the second eloquent ad- 
dress to the people of Great Britain was drawn up by 
him; after the adoption of the Articles of Confedera- 
tion he withdrew from Congress, but was re-elected 
in 17S4, and chosen President of that body, serving 
till 1787; contended for the necessity of amendments 
to the Constitution previously to its adoption in 1789; 
was a Senator in Congress from Virginia from 1789 to 

1792, serving one session as President pro tern, of that 
body; wijs one of those who voted for locating the 
Seat of Government on the Potomac; he was the 
author of a number of political pamphlets, and his 
correspondence was published in 1825. Died at 
Chantilly, Westmoreland County, Virginia, June 9, 
1794. 

Lee, Silas; graduated at Harvard University in 
1784; served in the Mii-ssachusetts Legislature in 

1793, 1797, and 1798; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Massachusetts from 1799 to 1802; Judge 
of Probate from 1805 to 1814; was, for some years. 
Chief .Judge of the Court of Common Pleas; was ap- 
pointed, by President Adams, United States District 
Attorney for Maine. Died in 1814. 

Lee, Thomas ; was a Representative in Congress 
from New .lersey from 1833 to 1837. Died at Port 
Elizabeth, November 2, 1855. 

Lee, Thomas; was born at Charleston, South 
Carolina, December 1, 1769; studied and practiced 
law; wxs a Representative in the State Legislature; 
State Solicitor in 1794; .ludge of the Court of ('(un- 
m(m Pleas in l>i(l4: ComptnilUT-General until 1M16; 
President of the .State Bank in 1817; .Judge of the 
United States Court from 1823 until his death. Died 
at Charleston, October 22, 1839. 

Lee, Thomas Lud-will ; was bom in Stafford, 
Virginia, about 17311; held a conspicuous position as 
a patriot and lawyer (hiring the Revolutiou: wasa 
member of the House of Burgesses, of the Conven- 
tions of July and December, 1775, ami of the Com- 
mittee of Safety; in the Convention of 1776 was 
placed on the Committee to draft a Declaration of 



Rights, and a i)lan of Government; on the organiza- 
tion of the State Government, was appointed one ol 
the five Revisors, and one of the five .ludges of the 
Cieneral Court. Died before the close of thc^ Revolu- 
tion. He was the second of the brothers .so famous 
during the Revolution. 

Lee, Thomas Sim; w.as born in 1743; was Gov- 
ernor of Maryland from 1779 to 1783; was a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress in 1783 and 1784; was 
again Governor from 1792 to 1794. Died in 1810. 

Lee, "William ; was born about 1737; was sent to 
London as the agent of Virginia, and became a mer- 
chant there; being a zealous Whig, was elected Sheriff 
of London and Middlesex in 1773, and in 1775 an 
.\lderman, but resigned on the breaking out of the 
Revolutionary War, and went to France; heartily 
joined his brothers in maintaining the Revolutionary 
struggle in America, and communicated important 
intelligence; was appointed, by Congress, Commer- 
cial .\gent at Nantes in January, 1777; wa-s afterwards 
Minister at The Hague, and was United St;ites Agent 
at Vienna and Berlin, but was recalled early in 1779; 
was an able writer. Died at Greenspring, Virginia, 
June 27, 1795. 

Lee, William; was born in Massachusetts; in 
1817 was appointed Second Auditor of the Treasury, 
being the first incumbent of that office, in which he 
remained until 1824. when he was apijointed Fourth 
Auditor, which position he retained less than one 
year. 

Leedom, John P.; was born in Adams County, 
Ohio, December 20, 1847; received a common school 
education; graduated at Smith's Mercantile College 
in 1868; taught school; engaged in farming; was 
elected Clerk of the Court of Common I^lcas in 1874, 
and re-elected in 1877; was a member of the Demo- 
cratic State Committee in 1879; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Ohio to the Forty-seventh Congress. 

Leet, Isaac ; was born in Penn.sylvania in 1802; 
was for several yeai^ in the Senate of that State; w;w 
a Representative in Congress from 1829 to 1X31. Died 
at Washington, Pennsylvania, June 10, 1844. 

Le Pevre, Benjamin; was born in Shelby Coun- 
ty, Ohio. October r<, 1838; was educated at the Miami 
University; studied law; engaged in farming: served 
in the Union Army from 1861 to 1865; was elected a 
member of the State House of Representatives in 1865; 
in 1867 was appointed United States Consul at Nu- 
remberg, Germany; was elected a Representative from 
Ohio to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, 
and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

LeFevre, Joseph ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsjlvania from 1811 to 1813. 

Lefiferts, John; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1813 to 1815; was a mem- 
ber of the "State Constitutional Conveiilion " of 
1821; a State Senator from 1822 to 1825. 

LefBer, Isaac ; was born in Wivshington County, 
Pennsylvania, in November, 1788; was educated at 
Jetlerson College; studied law, and setlle<l in Wheel- 
ing, Virginia; in 1817 was elected to the Virginia 
Legislature, where he served eight years; in 1827 
was elected a member of the Board of Public Works; 
was a Representative in Congress from Virginia from 
1827 to 1829; iu 1832 was again elected to the Vir- 
ginia Legislature; in 18:55 removed to Burlington, 
Iowa; served two years in the Legislature of Wis- 
consin Territory; one year .as Speaker; one year ia 



238 



Biographical annals. 



the Legislature of Iowa; in 1843 was appointed Mar- 
shal of Iowa; in 1849 Kegister of the Land Uffii-e at 
Stilhvatei-. but declined; in 1852 was appointed lie 
ceiver of the same office, whence he was removed foi 
opinion's sake. 

Leffler, Shepherd ; was born in Pennsylvania; 
■was educated for tlie law, but devoted himself to 
farmini;; wiisa Representative in Congress from Iowa 
from ls4(i to 1851; in 1875 was a candidate for the 
office of Governor. 

L?ft'wich, Jabez ; was born in Bedford County, 
Virginia, was a Kepreseutative in Congress from that 
Stiite from 1821 to 1825. 

Lefcwich, John "W.; was born in Bedford Coun- 
ty, Virginia, .September 7, 1826; graduated at the 
Jefterson Medical College in Philadelphia in 1850; 
subsequently settled in Jlemphis, Tennessee, as a 
merchant and cotton-factor; in 1865 was elected a 
Representative from Tennessee to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, taking his seat near the close of the first 
session of that Congress, and serving on the Com- 
mittee on Indian Affairs; was a Delegate to the Phil- 
adelphia ''National Union Convention " of 1866. and 
to the New York Convention of 1868. Died at 
Lynchburg in June, 1870. 

Legare, Hugh S'winton ; was born at Charles- 
ton, South Carolina, .January 2, 1797; graduated at 
the College of that State in 1814, and after having 
studied law went to Europe, where he remained 
until 1820, occupied with the pursuits of literature; 
■on his return to Charleston, devoted himself to the 
practice of his profession and to agricultural pur- 
suits; in 1830 was appointed .Attorney -General of the 
State, and was the principal editor of the Soulhrrn 
liciMw: in 1832 was appointed Charge d'Alfaircs of 
the United States to Belgium; from 1837 to 1839 was 
a Representative of his native State in Congress; in 
1841 was appointed, by President Tyler. .A.ttorney- 
Geueral of the United States, and also Acting Secre- 
tary of State; died siuldenly at Boston, June 20, 
1843. while accompanying the President in his jour- 
ney to attend the Banker Hill Celebration; his tine 
taste as a writer, his eminent acquirements as a 
scholar, and his learning and eloquence as a lawyer, 
were known and appreciated throughout the Union. 
His writings were collected and published in 1846. 

Lsggett, Mortimer D.; was born in Ithaca, 
New York, April 19, ItSl; removed, with his par- 
ents, to Geauga County, Ohio, at the age of sixteen; 
w;\s admitted to the bar in 1853, and settled in 
Zanesville in IS.")"; w.as Superintendent of Public 
Schools until 1861, when he raised the Seventy-eighth 
>'hio lufantry, and was made Colouel in 1862; was at 
l'"'ort Donelsoti, and at Pittsburg Landing, where he 
was wounded; at the siege of Corinth commanded a 
brigade, and captured Jackson, Tennessee; at Iioli- 
var repulsed the Rebels, and was woundi^l ; was ap- 
pointed Brigadier-General in 1862 ; was severely 
wounded at Champion Hills, and at Vicksburg: was 
in the battles of tlie Atlanta Campaign; in Sher- 
man's March to the Sea commanded a division; was 
Brevet Major-General iu 1864, Major-(5eneral in 
1865, and was appointed United States Commissioner 
of Patents in 1871. 

Lehlbach, Herman ; was born in Eaden, Ger- 
many, July 3, 1845; .adopted the profession of a Civil 
Engineer; emigrated to the United .States, and set- 
tled at Newark, New .Tersey; was a member of the 
House of Assembly of New Jersey in 18S4; in that 
jear was elected a Representative from New Jersev 
to the Forty-ninth Congress. 



Lehman, William E.; was born in Philadel- 
phia, August 21, 1822; graduated at the University 
of Pennsylvania in 1843; studied law. and after 
practicing with success, retired from the bar and 
traveled in Europe; was appointed, by President 
Polk, an E.xaminer of Post Offices in New Y'ork and 
Pennsylvania; was elected a Representative froni 
Pennsylvania to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serv-_ 
ing as a member of the Committee on Accounts; his 
family was one of note in Dresden, his father and 
grandfather having acquired distinction in the civil 
and military service; in 1863 was appointed a Pro- 
I'ost Marshal in Pennsylvania. 

Leib, Michael; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania, from 1799 to 1806, when 
he resigned; was a Senator of the United States from 
1808 to 1814, and in the latter year was appointed 
Postmaster of Philadelphia; served in the Legisla- 
ture of Pennsylvania both belbre and after his elec- 
tion to Congress; was also a Presidential Elector in 
1809. Died in Philadelphia, December 28, 1£C;2, 
aged sixty-th^ee years. 

Leib, O'wen D.; wa.s born in Schuylkill, Penn- 
sylvania; was the youngestof nine brothers; received 
a common school and classical education; studied 
medicine, and graduated at the Jefferson Medical 
Institution in Philadelphia; practiced his profession 
in Columbia County; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Penus.ylvania, from 1845 to 1847, serving 
as Chairman of the Committee on Expenditures ia 
the War Department. Died June 17, 1848. 

Leidy, Paul ; was born in Hemlock, Columbia 
County, Pennsylvania, November 21, 1813; was edu- 
cated at a common school; the early part of his life 
was devoted to agricultural pursuits; from the age 
of si.xteen to twenty-four he followed the business of 
a tailor; taught school, and having studied law at 
the same time, practiced that profession; was lor 
live years District Attorney for Montour County; 
for a short time Superintendent of Common School.^ 
for the same county; was elected a Representative to 
the Thirty-fifth Congress from Pennsylvania, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Ro;m1s and Canals. 

Leigh, Benjamin Watkins; was hern in Vir- 
ginia in 1782; was one of the mo.st eminent men of 
his .State; well known as a lawyer and public man; 
from 1829 to 1841 was -a Reporter of the State; was 
frequently a member of the House of Delegates; was 
a member of the Convention of 1830 for revising the 
State Constitution; was a Senator in Congress (io;u 
1834 to 1837. Died at Richmond, February 2, 1S4U. 

Leiper, George G.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Pennsylvania, from 1829 to 1631. 

Leiter, Benjamin P.; was born in Leitersburg, 
Wa.shington County, Maryland, Octobe^ 13, 1813; 
was chiefly educated by his father; taught .school in 
Maryland from 1830 to 1834; removed to Ohio ami 
taught there until 1842, after which he was admit- 
ted to the bar, and devoted himself to the practice of 
law, in which he was successful; was elected to the 
Ohio Legislature in 1848, and was chosen temporary 
iJhairman, by the Democrats, acting as such throuo'h- 
out the long contest of that year between his party 
and the Whigs, which is now spoken of in Ohio as 
the "days of the Revolution"; in 1849 was re- 
elected, and chosen Speaker; in 1854 was elected to 
Congress, and reelected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on Indian 
Affairs. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



291> 



Le Moyne, J. V.; was born in Washington Coun- 
ty, rennsylvania, in IBUS; received a classieal eilu- 
cation. <i;>';«luating from Washington College in 18i7; 
studieil law, anil was adniitteil U) the bar at Pitts- 
burg, Pennsylvania, in 1852; removed to Chicago, 
Illinois, and commenced the practice of law; was de- 
feated as a candidate for the Forty-third Congress; 
successfully contested the seat of C. B. Farwell as a 
Representative from Illinois to the Forty-fourth Con- 
gress. 

Lent, James; wa.s a member of Congress from 
New York from 1829 to 1833, and was Chairman of 
the Committee on Fxpenditures in the Department 
of State. Die<l in Washingtou, February 24, 1833. 

Leonard, George ; was born in Boston, July 4, 
1729; graduated at Harvard College in 1748; was a 
Representative in Congress from Massachusetts from 
1789 to 1793, and from 1795 to 1797; was a man of 
great wealth; for his learning was made a Doctor of 
Laws. Died at Newton, JIassacluisetts, July 26, 
1819. His descendants are numerous, and many of 
them distinguished. 

Leonard, Jotm ^Id'wards ; was bom in Ches- 
ter County, Pennsylvania, September 22. 1845; re- 
ceived an academic education in New Hampshire, 
and graduated at Harvard College in 1867; studied 
the civil law in Germany and received, from the Uni- 
versity of Heidelberg, the degree of LL.D. ; settled 
in Louisiana and practiced law; was, for a time. Dis- 
trict Attorney; was appointed .a Judgeof the Supreme 
Court of the State; was elected a Representative 
from Louisiana to the Forty-tilth Congress. Died 
March 15, 1878. 

Leonard, Moses G-.; was born in Connecticut; 
was a l\epreseiitati\e in Congress from New York 
from 1843 to 1815; was, for several years, Commis- 
siouer of Emigration in the city of New York. 

Leonard, Stephen B.; was born in New York; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1835 to 1837, and again from 1839 to 1841. 

Leslie, Preston H.; was born in Wayne County, 
Kentucky, March 2, 1819; was left an orphan at an 
early age. and became a cart-driver in Louisville, at 
the age of thirteen; from this and .simil.ar positions, 
he succeeded in earning a living; studied law, and 
began to iiractice in ilonroe County, at the age of 
twenty-two; represented that county in the Legisla- 
ture in 1814 and 1850; was Stale Senator from 1851 
to 1855; removed to Barren County; was again Sena- 
tor from 1867 to 1871; in 1869 was chosen Speaker of 
the Senate, and acted as Lieutenant-Governor; in 
1871 wivs elected Governor for four years, by the re- 
markable majority of 37,156. 

Letcher, John ; w.as born in Ijcxington, Rock- 
bridge County^ Virginia, March 28. 18J3; commenced 
his classical studies at Washington College, and 
completed his education at Randolph ilacon College; 
adopted the profession of the law, and was admitted 
to practice in 1839; during that year established in 
Lexington, and for a time edited, the Vdlley Star; 
was a Presidential Elector in 1849; was a member of 
the Convention for Reforming the Constitution of 
Virginia in 18.50; was elected a Ki'i)reseiitative in the 
Thirty-second, Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and 
Thirty-lift h Congresses, serving gi'iieraliy as a member 
of the Committeeon Ways and Means; w;us frt)vcrnor 
of Virginia from 1860 to 1864. Died at home, in 
Lexington, Virginia, January 26, 1884. 



Letcher, Robert P.; was born in Goochland 
County, Virginia; received a good education; adopted 
the profession of the law; served a number of year* 
in the .State Legi-slature, and was at one time elected 
Speaker of the House; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1823 to 1835; a I'residential Elector ia 
1837; Governor of Kentucky from 1840 to 1844; in 
1849 was appointed Minister to Mexico. Died in 
Frankfort, Keutucky, January 24, 1861. 

Levin, Le"wis C; was born in Charleston, South 
Carolina, November 10, 1808; received a liberal edu- 
cation; graduated at Columbia College, Sou^h Caro- 
lina; adopted the profession of the law, and practiced 
in Jlaryland, Louisiana, Kentucky, and Pennsyl- 
vania; was a Representative in Congress from Penn- 
sylvania from 1845 to 1851, generally serving on the- 
Committee on N.aval Afiairs; to him is generally 
awarded the credit of having founded the Native- 
American Party. Died in Philadelphia, March 14, 
1860. 

Levy, "William Mallory ; was bom in the 

County of the Isle of Wight, Virginia, October 30, 
1827; received ailassical and collegiate education; in 
1846 volunteered in the First Louisiana Regiment for 
.service inilexico, and was made a Lieutenant, serving 
until peace w;isdeclaredinlS48; returned to Virginia, 
studied law, and came to the bar in 1849; in 1853 re- 
moved to Natchitoches, Louisiana, and devoted him- 
.self to the prac-tiee of his profession; was a member 
of the State Legislature in 18()0 and 1861; a Presi- 
dential Elector in the formeryear; served as aColonel 
in the Confederate .service; in 1874 was elected a 
Representative from Louisiana to the Forty-fourth 
Congress. 

Le-wis, Abner; was born in New Y''ork; was a 
member of the Assembly of that State Ixom Chau- 
tauqua County in l838'and 1839; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from New Y'ork from 1845 to 18-17, 

Lewis, Barbour ; was born in .\lburg, Vermont,, 
in 1824; graduated at Illinois Oil lege in 1846; w;is, 
for some years, a teacher at .Mobile, .-Vlabama; then 
studied law in Albany, New York, and at Cambridge, 
Massachusetts; entered the Army as a Captain of 
Volunteers in 1861, and served until 1861; in 1863- 
was appointed, hy the military authorities. Judge for 
the District of Memphis, and served as such in 1S6J 
and 1864; in March, 1867, Wirs appointed President 
of the Board of County Commissioners of Shelby 
County, Tennessee, and held the otlicc until Novem- 
ber, 1669; was elected to the Forty-third Congiess,. 
serving on the Committee on Railroads and Canals. 

Le-wis, Bur-well B.; was born in Montgomery, 
Alabama, Jnly 8, 1838; graduated at tlie Stato- 
University in 1857; .studied law, and came to the 
bar in 1859; resided at Jlonticello and Tuscaloosa; 
served in the Confederate Army as an oliicer; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1868; served in the State 
Lcgislatui-e from 1870 to 1872; in 1874 was elected a 
K'eprescntative from Alabama to the Forly-fourth 
Congress; was also elec^ted to the Forty-sixth Con- 
gress; resigned October 1, 1880. 

Le-wis, Charles H.; was a citizen of Virginia; 
in 1^70 was appniuted Minister Resident to Poriugal,. 
where he remained until 1874, when he resigned. 

Le-wis, David P.; was Governor of Alabama 
from 18:2 to 1874. 

Le-wis, Dixon H.; was born in hinwiddie Coun- 
ty, Virginia, in 1802; was educated at the .South 
Carolina College; studied law; removed to Alabama^ 



300 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



and became eminent in his profession ; was an able 
and amiable man, and physically very large and 
portly, and the story is related of him that, when re- 
turning home on one of the Southern steamers, which 
was wrecked, he rel'uscd to take a seat in a small 
■boat, because the lives of several persons would 
thereby be jeopardized; for a time he was in great 
•danger, but was rescued; represented Alabama in 
Congress from 1829 to 1843, and from 1844 until his 
death, was a Senator in Congress. Died in New 
York, October 25, 1848. 

Le-wis, Ed-ward Parke Custis ; was born at 
Audley, Parke County, Virginia, February 7, 1837; 
was educated in private schools and at the University 
of Virginia; studied law, but ill-health prevented 
his engaging in its practice, and he continued in the 
occupation of a planter; at the beginning of the 
Civil War entered the Confederate Army; served 
throughout the war, rising to the rank of Colonel; 
■was, for fifteen mouths, a prisoner of war; in 181)9 
•went to Europe, remaining there until 1875, when 
lie returned to the United States, and settled in 
Hoboken, New Jer.sey; in 1877 was elected a member 
of the New Jersey House of Delegates; declined a 
re-election; was a Delegate to the Democratic Na- 
tional Convention in 1880; was a member of the 
Democratic State Committee of New .Jersey; in April, 
1885, was appointed, by President Cleveland, United 
States Minister to I'ortugal. 

Lewis, Ed'ward T.; was born at Opelonsas, 
Louisiana, Octnlicr 2(>, 1834; was educated chiefly by 
a private tutor, and partly at Wesleyan University, 
Dcjaware, Ohio; studied law; was admitted to the 
Taar in 185!t, and engaged in practice at his native 
jjlace; ser\ed in the Confederate Army throughout 
the Civil War, rising to the rank of Captain; in 1865 
was elected a Representative in the State Legislature; 
xesigned in 18G6 and resumed the practice of his pro- 
fession; was elected a Representative from Louisiana 
to the Forty-eighth Congress,, to fill the vacancy 
•caused by the death of Andrew S. Herron, who died 
.soon after his own election. 

Le^wis, Francis ; was born in Llandaff, W.ales, 
in March, 1713; was educated at Westminster; emi- 
grated to .\merica in 1735, and settled in New York 
.as a merchant; in the prosecution of his business 
visited Russia and other parts of Europe; a,s Agent 
for supplying the British troops wa-s present at Fort 
Oswego when it surrendered to Montcalm, and as a 
prisoner was taken to Montreal and to France; after 
iis rele:use returned to America; became one of the 
"Sons of Liberty"; was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1770 to 1779; signed the Ar- 
ticles of Confederation; was also one of the signers of 
the Declaration of Independence; after a long course 
■of successful business operations, died December 30, 
1803. 

Lewis, James T.; was born in Clarendon, Or- 
leans County, New York, October 30, 1819; received 
an academic education; studied law, and settled at 
Columbus, Wisconsin, in 1845; was elected Probate 
Judge of Columbia County in 1840; District Attor- 
ney in 1847; member of the State Constitutional Con- 
vention of the same year; took an interest in mili- 
tary affairs, and was made a General of Militia; was 
•elected to the State Legislature in 1H51; to the State 
.Senate in 1852; Lieutenant-Governor in 1853; Secre- 
tary of State in 1861; Governor of Wisconsin in 1863, 
declining a re-nomination; took an active part in 
Tpub'ic aflairs during the Rebellion, and did much to 
ipromote the Union cause. 



Lewis, J. H.; was bom in Tompkins County, 
New York, July 21,1830; removed to Illinois in 1836; 
received a common school education; studied law, 
and wiis admitted to practice in 1860; in that year 
was elected clerk of the Circuit Court of Knox 
County; was elected a Representative in the State 
Legislature in 1874; was elected a Representative 
from Illinois to the Forty -seventh Congress. 

LeTvis, John F. ; was bom near Port Republic, 
Virginia, March 1, 1818; was raised as a former, 
which occupation he followed; in 1861 was elected to 
the Convention called for the purpose of determining 
whether Virginia should remain in the Union or cast 
her lot with the tiulf States, and was the only mem- 
ber of that body who refused to sign the Ordinance of 
Secession; was a LInion candidate for Congress in 
1865, and defeated; in 1869 was nominated tor Lieu- 
tenant-Governor, .and elected; was electod a United 
States Senator from Virginia in 1869, and took his 
seat in 1870 for the term ending in 1875, serving on 
the Committee on Engros.sed Bills, r.nd Chairman of 
that on the District of Columbia. 

Le^wls, Joseph, Jr. ; was born in Virginia; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1803 to 1817. 

Lewis, Joseph H.; was bom in Barren County, 
Kentucky, October 29, 1824; graduated at Centre 
College in 1843; studied and practiced law, was a 
member of the State Legislature in 1850, 1851, 1852, 
and 1869; was elected to the Forty-tirst Congress, for 
the unexpired term of I. S. Golloday, resigned; was 
re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Accounts. 

Lewis, Joseph J.; was born in Penn.sylvania; in 
186:5 was appointed from that State Commissioiier of 
Internal Revenue in the Treasury Department, re- 
maining in office until 1865. Died in April, 1883. 

Lewis, Joseph R.; was an early emigrant to 
Washington Territory; in 1872 was appointed an As- 
.sociate Justice of the United States Court for that 
District. 

Lew^is, Joshua; was an early emigrant to the 
Territory of Orleans; in 1806 was appointed a Judge 
of the Unit-ed States Court for that District. 

Lewis, Meriwether; was born near Charlottes- 
ville, Virginia, August 18, 1774; his fother died when 
he was a child, and at the age of eighteen he relin- 
quished his academic studies for farming, which he 
pui-sued for two years; Wiis a volunteer during the 
Whisky Insurrection; was transferred to the regular 
service as Ensign in 1795, and became Captain in 
1800; w;vs the Private Secretary of President Jeffer- 
son for two years, and in 1803 was sent by him U])on 
an exploring expedition across the continent to the 
Pacific; at his request Clarke was appointed to ac- 
company him, and they returned in 18' 16; was made 
Governor of Louisiana Territory in 1807, and restored 
the country from strife and dissensions to onler; w;;s 
subject to attacks of hypochondria, and while under 
the influence of this disorder, put an end to his life 
near Nashville, October 11, 1809. A narrati\e of the 
expedition of Lewis and Clarke, from materials fur- 
nished by each explorer, was prepared by Nicholas 
Uiddle and Paul Allen, with a memoir of Lewis by 
Jefferson, published in 2 vols., 8vo, 1814. 

Lewis, Morgan ; w.as born in New York, Octo- 
ber 16, 1754; graduated at New Jersey College in 
1773; studied law in the office of John Jay; in .June, 
1775, joined the army at Cambridge; was made 




IrfV^ ^' 



c^-. 



.//. 



4^t^;-^ 



■<^<^ 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



301 



Captain of a rifle company in August; Major of the 
Be '" ' New York Kegiment in November; Colonel 
and >,..ief of (Staff to General (Jates in June, 17^(i, 
and soon after Quartcrniaster-General of tlic Northern 
Department; was jirescnt at the surrender of Eur- 
go,^Tie; aeeompanicd General Clinton in the ex- 
pedition up the Mohawk; at Stone Arabia led the 
a<lvance and routed the Indian foe; was admitted to 
the bar at the elose of the war, and practiced in 
I'lflthess County; was a Judge of the Court of Com- 
,mon rieas; Attorney-Cieneral of the State in 17SI1; 
Judge of the Supreme Court of the State in 179-2; 
Chief Justice in 1801; Governor from 1804 to tSOT; 
Member of the State Legislature from 1808 to 1811; 
wasappointed Quartermaster-General with the rank of 
Krigadier-General in 181-2; Major-General in 1813 and 
ordered to the Niagara frontier; made a successful de- 
scent on the British side of Niagara Kiver April '28, 
]8l:{; in 181-4 was intrusted with the defense of New- 
York City; subsequently devoted himself to litera- 
ture and agriculture; in ]8.'!5 was President of the 
New York Historical Society; February 22, ]8:>2, 
delivered a Centennial address, in honor of ^Vashiug- 
tou, before the civil authorities. Died in New York, 
October l(i, 1854. 

Le-wis, Seth ; was an early emigrant to the 
Territory of Jlississijipi; in 18IM) was ajiiiointed 
Chief .lustice of the United States Court tor that 
District. 

Le-wis, Thomas ; was born in Donegal County, 
Ireland, .\pril -iT, 171S; received a liberal education; 
was an excellent mathematician; became sur\-eyor of 
A ugustii. Comity in 174.>; was a member of the House 
of Burgesses, where he advocated the resolutions of 
Patrick Henry in 17(j.">; also a member of the St;ite 
Conveutions of 177.5 and 1770, in which he aided in 
preparing the Declaration of Kights in the State Con- 
stitution, and of the Convention of 1788 w-hich rati- 
iied the Federal Con.stitution; as a member of the 
First House of Delegates be united with .letfei-son in 
' enacting religious toleration; was a member of the 
Committee of Safety, and one of the boldest patriots 
of Virginia. Died at Port Uepublic, Virginia, Janu- 
ary 31, 1790. 

Le-wis, Thomas ; w.as a Kepresentative in Con- 
gress from Virginia from October 17, I8'i:i, to .March 
5, ,18iJ4, w'hen his seat was successfully cont(-sted by 
A. Moore. 

Le-wis, "William ; was a native of Pennsylvania; 
in 1791 was api«iiutcd a Judge of the United States 
Court for the District of Peinisj-lvania. 

Le-wis, William J.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Virginia from 1817 to 181'J. 

L'Hommedieu, Ezra; graduated at Yale Col- 
' lege iu 17.51; was a Delegate from New York to the 
Continental Congress from 1779 to 1783, and again in 
1787 .and I7S8. Died in I8U. 

Libbey, Harry ; was bom at Wakefield, New 
Ham|)shire, in 1813; received a common school edu- 
cation; in 18lil went to Old Point Comlort, Virginia, 
in the employ of the .\dams ICxpress ('(imiKUiy; alter- 
wai-d eug.iged in business with his brother, Joseph 
Libbey; in 18. i5 settled in Elizabeth City County, 
Virginia, in the menantile business, in which be was 
succe.-isful; in 18)9 was a)>|)ointed one of tlie Presid- 
ing Justices of the county; was elected a Kepresenta- 
tive from N'irginia to the Forty-eighth Congress; w-its 
If elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Lig-on, Robert F.; was born in Clarke Cotnity, 
Georgia; received an academic education; removed to 



Alabama when a youth; studied and practiced law; 
served in the Mexican War as a Cajjiain; was a Rep- 
resentative in the Legislature in 1849 and 1850; a 
State Senator in ISUO, and again in ts(;3; w-as a Cap- 
tain in the Confederate Army; was Lieutenant-(iov- 
ernor in 1874; was elected a Representative from 
Alabama to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Llgon, Thomas "Watkins ; was born in Prince 
Edward County, Virginia; was placed, at an early 
age, at Hampden Sidney College, but finished hi.'* 
education at the University of Virginia: studied lawj 
after spending a j-ear and a half at the Yale Law 
.School, settled in Baltimore; was a Representative 
in Congress from Maryland from 1845 to 1849; in. 
1854 was elected Governor of that State. Died Jan- 
uary 13, 1881. 

Lilly, Samuel ; was born in New York; adopted 
the medical profession; was a Kepresentative in Con- 
gress from New Jersey from 1853 to 1855. 

Lincoln, Abraham ; was born in Hardin Coun- 
ty, Kentucky, February 12, 18(19; removed, with his 
father, to Indiana, in 181(3; received a limited edu- 
cation; worked at rail-splitting for a time; twice 
visited New Orleans as a boatman; removed to Illi- 
nois in 1830, and turned his attention to agricultural 
pursuits; served as a Captain of Volunteers in the 
Black Hawk War; was at one time Postmaster of New 
Salem; served four years in the Illinois Legislature, 
viz., 1834, 1836, 1838, and 1840, during which time 
he tirrned his attention to thestudy of law with .lohn 
T. Stuart, and settled at Springfield in the practice of 
that profession; was a member of the " National Cmi- 
ventiou" wliich nominated General Taylor lor I'resi- 
dent in 1848; w-;is a Representative in Congress fronx 
Illinois from 1847 to 1849, serving on the Committees 
on the Post Office and Post Roads, and on ICxiwuses 
in the AVar Department; in 1858 acquired distiiu-tion 
by stumping the State of Illinois for the United 
States Senate, .against S. A. Douglas; in 18()0 was 
nominated by the Republican party as their candi- 
date for President of the United States, and was duly 
elected to that position for the term cotnmencing 
March 4, IStil; by the "Baltimore Convention," held 
in 1864, w.as nominated for re-election to the Presi- 
dency, and was triinuphantly elected; in December, 
1864, the degree of LL.D. was conferred upon him 
by Princeton Colle,ge; on April 14, 1865, while.seated 
in a private box at the theatre, he was shot in the 
head by .lolin Wilkes Booth, an actor, and died at 
seven o'clock on the following morning; the circum- 
stances of his death filled the whole land with hor- 
ror, and the demonstrations to his memory were 
heartfelt and universal; his name was everywhere 
mentioned, with rare kindness, as the " Munyred 
President. ' ' 

\ 

Lincoln, Enoch ; was born in Worcester, Mas.sa- 
chusetts, December 28, 1788; after stud.ving law, set- 
tled in Fryeburg, Maine, and afterwards removed to 
Paris; was a memlicr of the United States House of 
Representatives fixira .Ma.ssachu.sctts from 1818 to 
1820, succeeding A. K. Parris, reuigned, and from 
1821 to 18-26 from the new State of Maine; was then 
eh^cted (iovernor of Maine, and re-elected in 1828; 
he published, while at Fryeburg, a poem, cntitleil 
■■ The Village "; was also the author of some histor- 
ical recollections of Maine. Died at .-Vugusta, Octo- 
ber 8, 182U. 

Lincoln, Levi; w.as bom Jlay 15, 174P, at Hing- 
ham, Ma.s.sachusetts; graduated at Harvard College 
in 1772, and .settled as a lawyer in Worcester, wh^re 
he rose to distinction: was a Judge of Probate; a 
State Senator in 1797; County Prosecutor in 177oi 



302 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



■was a Representative in Congress from 1799 to 1801 ; 
during the administration ol' President Adams he 
wrote a series of political papers, called "Farmer's 
Letters"; in 1801 was appointed Attorney-General 
«f tlie United States, and acted as Secretary of State 
until Jlr. JIadison reached Washington; was a State 
•Counselor in 1806, ISIO, and 18il; in 1807 was 
Lieutenant-Governor of Massachusetts, acting as 
<;iovernor in 1809, after the death of Governor ShIH- 
■\an; in 1811 was appointed Associate Judge of the 
f^npreme Court, but declined the oifice. Died at 
AVorcester, Massachusetts, April 14, 1820, aged seven- 
ty-one years. 

Lincoln, Levi ; was born in Massachusetts, Oc- 
tober 25, 1782; was a State Senator in 1812; a State 
Kepresentative from 1814 to 1823, and Speaker in 
1322; Lieutenant-Governor of Massscliusetts in 1823; 
•Judge of the Supreme Court of the State in 1824; a 
Presidential Elector in 1825 and 1864; Governor of 
Massachusetts from 1825 to 1834; from 1834 to 1841_ 
was a Eepresentati-ie in Congress; was Collector of 
Customs at Boston from 1841 to 1843; a State Senator 
in 1844 and 1845, and President of the Senate; Mayor 
of Worcester in 1848. Died at Worcester, May 29, 
1868. 

Lincoln, Robert T.; son of President Lincoln; 
was l)oin at Spiingficld, Illinois, August 1, 1843; re- 
K-eived a collegiate education, graduating at Harvard 
College in 1864; attended the Harvard Law School 
for a few months and then entered the Union Army 
,as Captain and Assistant Adjntant-Ceneral; re-signed 
in June. 1865; continued the study of law; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1867 and engaged in practice at 
Chicago. Illinois; was a Presidential Klector in 1880; 
in March, 1881. was appointed Secretary of War in 
the Cabinet of President Garfield, and continued in 
that position in the Cabinet of President Arthur. 

Lincoln 'Williain S.; was born in Newark Val- 
ley, Tioga County, New York, .jVugust 13. 1813; was 
educated for mercantile pursuits, and after devoting 
his attention for many years to merchandising; be- 
came engaged in the manufacture of leather; was 
I'ostmastcr of Newark Valley from 1S38 to 1866; was 
also Supervisor of the town for several years; in 1866 
■ivas elected a Representative from New York to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committee on the 
Post Office and Post Roads. 

Lindley, James J.; was born at JIansfield, 
'Ohio, January 1, 1822; went with his parents to 
Kent u<;ky when a boy, and lived at Cynthiana sev- 
eral ye.ars; was a student in Woodville College, Ohio, 
for two years; studied law, and located at Monticello, 
Jlissouri, in 1846; in 1848 was electtcd Circuit At- 
torney for eight counties, and re-elected in 1852; was 
a Representative from Missouri in the Thirty-third 
Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth 
Congress; afterwards removed to Daven]iort, Iowa, 
and engaged in the practice of his profession. 

Lindsay, Robert B.; was Governor of Alabama 
from 1871 to 1872. 

Lindsey, Stephen D. ; was born at Norridgc- 
wock. Maine, Murch 3. 1328; received an academic 
education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, 
and coniniencfd practice in 1853; was a Representa- 
tive in the Stnte Legislature in 1856; Clerk of the 
Judicial Courts in Somerset County from 1857 to 
]8(i(); Delegate to the Republican National Conven- 
tions of 1860 and 1868; a State Senator fiom 1868 to 
1870, and President of the Senate in 1869; a mem- 
.ber of the Executive Council in 1874; was elected a 



Representative from Maine to the Forty-fifth, Forty- 
sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses. Died April 30, 
1884. 

Lindsley, James Girard ; was born at Or- 
ange, New .lersey, March 19, 1h]9, his ancestors hav- 
ing been among the lirst settlers of Newark, Ne-w 
Jersey, in 1666; was reared on a farm, assisting his 
father in his duties as farmer, merchant, and Post- 
master; attended the district schools, and between 
the ages of twelve and si.\tecn years, attended Ran- 
som's Military Academy and Pierson's Classical 
School; at the age of sixteen became an apprentice 
to the hatter's trade, and followed that occupation 
until 1843; then engaged in the business of burning 
lime in New York (-'ity; the next year gave up that 
business, and began the sale of lime, cement, and 
other building materials, in connection with the 
Newark Lime and Cement Company, at Paterson, 
New Jersey, in which he contiuued two years; then 
sold out his business, and took charge of the com- 
pany's works at Rondout, New York; was elected 
President of the village of Rondout in 1852; in 1859 
was elected Trustee of the village, and was re-elected 
in 1860, 1861, 1862, 1863, and 1864; was again 
elected President of the village in 1867, and was re- 
elected in 1868 and 1869; in 1872 was elected Super- 
visor of the town of Kingston, New York; in the 
same year was elected the first JSlayor of the city oi 
Kingston, and was re-elected for six consecutive 
years; became President of the Kingston City RaiU- 
road Company, President of the Kingston Water 
Works Company, and President of the Albert Manu- 
facturing Company, of New Brunswick, B. A. ; in 
1884 was elected a Representative from New York to 
the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Lindsley, "William D.; was born in Connecti- 
cut; removed to Ohio; was elected a Representative 
in Congress from that S.tate from 1863 to 1855. 

Linn, Archibald L.; was born in New York in 
1802; graduated at Union College; studied law in 
Schenectady, and came to the bar in that city; was 
twice elected Mayor of the same; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from New York from 1841 to 1843; 
in 1844 was elected to the State Assembly. Died in 
Grassfield, New York, October 10, 1857. 

Linn, James ; graduated from Princeton College 
in 1769; was a Representative in Congress from New 
Jersey from 1799 to 1801, when he was ap])oiiited, 
by President Jefferson, Supervisor of the Revenue; 
also for many years held the office of Secretary of 
State of New Jersey. Died at Trenton, December 
29, 1820. 

Linn, John; was born in New Jersey; was for 
many years a member of the New Jersey Assembly; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1817 to 1821. Died January 6, 1821. 

Linn, Le"wis F.; was born in Louisville, Ken- 
tucky, November 5, 1796; was educated chiefly by 
an elder brother, and studied medicine; in 1809 re- 
moved to Missouri, and in 1814 helped to fight the 
battles of his country; after successfully practicing 
his profession, was elected to the State Legislature 
in 1827; in 1833 was elected a Senator in Congress, 
in which capacity he served until his death, which 
occurred at St. Genevieve, Missouri, October .3, 1843. 
He proved himself to be a man of renuirkahle abili- 
ties, identified himself throughout his whole career 
in CougTcss with the interests of the Valley of the 
Mississippi, and, when he died, many of the best 
men in the country, eulogized him for his manifold 
virtues. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



303 



Lippitt, Henry ; was elected Governor of Rhode 
Islaud ia 1S75, and was re-elected in 1876. 

Lispenard, Leonard ; was a Delegate from New 
York to ttie Colonial Congress, which met in New 
York City in 1705. 

Litchfield, Elisha; was born in Canterbury, 
donneetieut, in 179.5; served iive ycai's in the New 
York Legislature from Onondajja County; in 184^ 
■was Speaker; was raanj' years a .hislice of the Peace 
at Delphi, New York; was a K'epresentative in Con- 
gres.s from New York from 1821 to 182!!, aiul again 
from 1823 to 1825. Died at Cazenovia, New York, 
August 4, 1839. 

Little, Edward P.; was born in Massachusetts 
in 1788; was a State Kcprescntative fnmi 1829 to 
1834, and from 1835 to 1838; w;is a Representative 
in Congress I'rom 1852 to 1853; was Collector at Ply- 
moutli from 1853 to 1357. 

Little, John ; was born in Greene County, Ohio, 
in 1837, his parents having removed there, from Vir- 
ginia, in 1833, and settled upon a tract of woodland; 
his early days were spent in assisting his father to 
prepare his land for cultivation, and his early educa- 
tion \vas obtained at the country schools, which he 
was required to attend with great regularity; in 1856 
•entered Antioch College, Ohio, and, after two years 
in the i)reparatory and four years in the collegg de- 
partments, was graduated in 1862; was compelled to 
labor on a farm and in the shop, and to teach school 
a portion of the time during his evenings and vaca- 
tions, in order to obtain means to prosecute his 
studies; his father being a cooper as well as a farmer, 
young Little learned that trade; after leaving college 
he taught school for a short time, and then began the 
study of the law; was admitted to the bar in 1865 
and engaged in practice at Xenia, Ohio; in 1866 was 
•elected Prosecuting Attorney of the county and was 
re-elected in 1868; in 1869 was elected a Kepres(<nta- 
tive in the State Legi-slature, and resigned as Prose- 
cuting .'\ttorney; was re-elected in 1871; in 1873 was 
elected Attorney-General of Ohio, and was re-elected 
in 1875; in 1884. was elected a Representative from 
Ohio to the Forty ninth Congress. 

Little, Peter; was born in Petersburg, Pennsyl- 
vania: removed to Maryland, and was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from that St.ate from 1811 to 
1813; in the latter year was appointed, by President 
Madison, Colonel of Infantry; was again a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1816 to 1829. Died Feb- 
luaiy 5, 1830, in Baltimore County, Maryland. 

Littilefleld, Alfred H.; was born at Scituate, 
Rhode Island, April 2, 1829 ; received a common 
school education; was a member of the Town Coun- 
cil of Lincoln, Rhode Island, for live years; engaged 
in the business of manufacturing; .served two years 
as a K'epresentative in the State Legislature; two 
years as a State Senator; was Governor of Rhode 
island from 1880 to 1883. 

Littlefleld, Nathaniel S.; w:is born in Wells, 
York County, Maine, September 20, 1804; received a 
common school education; studied and adopted the 
profes-sion of the law; was a member of the Maine 
Senate in 1837, 1838, and 1839; President of the 
same a part of the time; was a Keim'scntative from 
Maine to the Twenty-seventh and Tiiiity-lirst Con- 
gies.ses; was a member of the Maine House of Repre- 
sentatives in 1854; was a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia "National Union Convention'' of 1866. 



Littlejohn, DeWitt C; was born in Bridge- 
water. Oneida County, New York, February 7. 1818; 
re<'eivc(I a thorough academic education; alti^r 18:!9 
engaged largely in the commerce of the lakes and 
canals, .as well ;is in the manufacture of Hour; served 
as President of the village of Oswego, and when it 
became a city became an Alderman, and was twice 
elected Mayor; was seven times elected to tlie As- 
sembly of New York, presiding as S|)eaker during 
live terms; in 1862 was elected a Reprc.sentative 
fiom New York to the Thirly-ciglith Congi-ess, sei-v- 
ing on the Conmiittee on Roads and Canals, ami as 
Chairman of the Committee on Revolutionary Pen- 
sions; after retiring from Congress was again elected 
to the State Legislature. 

Livemaore, Arthur ; was born in Londonderry, 
New Hampshire, July 26, 1776; was a Judge of the 
Supreme Court of New Hampshire from 1799 to 1816; 
a Presidential Elector in 1801; from 1825 to 1833 
.Judge of the Common Pleas; was a Representative 
in Congress from 1817 to 1821, and from K'<23 to 
1825; died at Campton, New Hampshire, July 1, 
1853. He was the son of Samuel Livermore. 

Livermore, Edward St. Loe ; was born at 
Portsmouth, New Hampshire, April 5, 1762; was a 
Counselor-at-Law; w;is United States Circuit Attor- 
ney; Judge of the State Superior Court from 17 97 to 
1799; Representative in Congress from 1807 to 1812; 
removed to Boston, Massachusetts, in 1813. Died at 
Lowell, Massachusetts, September 22, 1832. 

Livermore, Samuel ; was bom in 'Waltham, 
Massachusetts. Ma\' 14, 1732; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1752; came to the bar in 1769; was .Judge 
Advocate of the Admiralty before the Revolution; 
subsequently Judge of the Superior Conit of New 
Hampshire; was a Senator in Congress from 1793 to 
1801, when he resigned; was President jjro (em. of 
that bodv during two sessions. Died at Holderness, 
May, 1803. 

Livingston, Brockholst; was born in New- 
York, November 25. 1757; entered Princeton College, 
but left in 177(); .served with Arnold at the capture of 
Burgoyne, in 1779; was private Secretary to John 
.Jay during his mission to Spain, in 1779; studied 
law, and came to the bar in 1783; in 1802 became 
.Judge of the Supreme Court of New York; in 1806 
was ai)pointcd, by President Jefferson, a Justice of 
the Supreme Court of the United States. Died in 
Washington, JIarch 11, 1823. Was the son of Governor 
"William Liviug-stou. 

Livingston, Edward ; was born at Claremont, 
Livingston Manor, New York, in 1764; graduated at 
Princeton College in 1781; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1785; pui-sued his profession 
until 1795, when he was elected a Representative to 
Congress fiom New York City, .serving until 1802; 
was then apjiointed United States .•Vttorncy tor the 
District of New York, and was also Mayor of the 
city; removing to New Orleans in ISO-i, became 
eminent there as a lawyer; at the invasion of Louis- 
iana acted as an aid to General Jackson; was em- 
ployed in negotiations for the cxr^hange of prisoners 
after the war; was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress from Louisiana from 1823 to 1829: was a .'Sena- 
tor of the United States from 1829 to 1831, when he 
was apiiointed, by President .Jack.son, Secretary of 
State; in 1833 was m:ule Minister to France;' his 
'■ Penal Code " is considered a monument of liis pro- 
Ibund learning. Died at Rhinebeek, New York, May 
23, 1836. 



S04 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



liivingston, Henry Walter ; was born in 17G1; 
graduated at Yale College in I'.Sti; was educated to 
the law; in 1792 was Secretary to Mr. Morris, Am- 
liassador to France; was a Representative in Congress 
f;om New York from 1803 to 18U7. Died at Li\ing- 
eton Manor, New York, December 22, 1810, aged 
forty-two years. 

Living-ston, Philip; was born in Albany, New 
York, January 15, 1716; graduated at YaleCollege in 
l';37; was a successful merchant in New York City; 
'was an Alderman for four years; served several years 
in the State Legislature, and corresponded with Ed- 
mond Burke on commercial matters; was Fresident 
of the Provincial Congress in 17'5; with Lee and Jay 
was appointed to memorialize the British Govern- 
ment; was a Delegate to Congress from 1774 to 1778; 
■was a signer of the Declaration of Independence; 
subsequently served in the Senate of New York. 
Died June 12, 1778. He was noted for his rare busi- 
ness capacity and his benevolence, and was the 
foander of tlie Professorship of Divinity in Yale Col- 
lege; was also one of the founders of the Society Li- 
brary, and aided in establishing Columbia College. 

Living-ston, Robert Le Roy ; graduated from 
Princeton College in 1784; was elected a Representa- 
■tive in Congress from the Si-xth Congressional Dis- 
trict of New York from 18(19 to 1813, but resigned 
in 1812. when he was succeeded by T. P. Grosveuor; 
>Yas then appointed, by President Madison, Lieuten- 
cni-Colonel of Infantry. 

Xiiving-ston, Robert R.; was bom in New York, 

"November 27, 1747; graduated at King's College in 
17G.5; studied law, and w.as appointed Recorder of 
the city of New York, which office he resigned at the 
beginning of the Revolution; in 177.5 was elected to 
the Assembly from Dutchess County; the same year 
•was sent as a Delegate to the Continental Congi-ess, 
serving until 1777, and was a member of the Com- 
mittee for draughting the Declaration of Independ- 
ence: was also a Delegate from 1779 to 1781, and in 
the latter year was appointed Secretary for Foreign 
Aflairs; on resigning, he received the thanks of 
Congress; was appointed Chancellor of New York 
•under the nevi' Constitntion, and tilled that oilice 
•until 1801; in 1788 was Chairman of the State Con- 
vention which adopted the Federal Constitution; in 
1794 declined the appointment of Minister to France, 
tendered him by 'SVa.shington; in 1801 accepted that 
office, and proceeded to Paris; after the close of his 
mission Napoleon presented him with a snuft'-box, 
containing a miniature of himself by Isabey; with 
the assistance of Monroe he made the purchase of 
Louisiana; in Paris he formed an intimacy with 
Robert Fulton, and was instrumental in the intro- 
duction of steam navigation into the United States; 
introduced merino sheep and gypsum into New York; 
was President of an Agricultural Society and of the 
Academ.y of Fine Arts; published an oration deliv- 
ered betbre the Cincinnati Society in 1787, and other 
essays. Died in 1813, aged sixty-six years. 

Livingston, Van Brug-h ; was a citizen of 
New York; in 1848 was appointed Minister Resident 
to Ecuador, but only remained there about one year. 

Livingston, "Walter ; was a Delegate from 
New York to the Continental Congress in 1784 and 
1785. 

Livingston, "William ; was born in Albany, 
New York. November 30, 1723; graduated at Yale 
College in 1741; was a lawyer by prol'ession, and be- 
came an eminent member of the bar of New York 



and New Jersey; from 17.52 to 1758 published sev- 
eral works on law and politics; in 1758 was elected 
a member of the Assembly; purchased a tract of Innd 
in Elizabethtown, New Jensey, built a house called 
" Liberty Hall," and removed there in 1773, where 
he resided during the remainder of his life; was 
elected a Delegate to the Continental Congress in 
1774; re elected in 1775, and served on the most im- 
portant committees; was recalled June 5, to com- 
mand, as Brigadier-General, the State Militia; suc- 
ceeded ^Villiam Franklin (deposed) as Governor in 
1776, and held the office until his death; he was 
called by the British the " Don Quixote of the Jer- 
seys," from having so frequently escaped their at- 
tempts to kidnap him; in 1787 was a Delegate to the 
Constitutional Convention; refused the commission 
to superintend the Federal Buildings, and as Minis- 
ter to Holland ; was the author of a poem called 
"Philosophical Solitude," and a variety of political 
and other tracts. Died in Elizabeth, New Jersey, 
July 25, 1780. 

Lloyd, Ed^ward ; was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress in 1783 and 1784; a member of Con- 
gress from 1806 to 1809; Governor of Maryland from 
1809 to 1811; a Preiiidential Elector in 1812; United 
States Senator from Maryland from 1819 to 18^2(i, 
when he resigned; was highly respected both in 
public and private life. Died June 2, 1834. 

Lloyd, Henry ; was born at Hambrooke, Dor- 
chester County, jiaryland, February 21, 1852; 
passed his boyhood on his father's farm; in 1860 re- 
moved, with his parents, to Cambridge, Maryland; 
was educated at the Cambridge Stale Academy; left 
school at the age of seventeen, and commenced the 
study of the law; while pursuing his legal studies, 
began teaching a country school, and three months 
later was elected Assistant Principal of the Cam- 
bridge Academy; in 1873 was admitted to the bar; 
in 1874 became Principal of the Cambridge Academy, 
and he continued in that pcsitiou until July, 1880, 
when he resigned to engage in the practice of law at 
Cambridge, Maryland; was Auditor of the Circuit 
Court for Dorchester Count}', Jlaryland, from 1874 
to 1884, and a portion of that time was also Clerk 
and Treasurer to the Commissioners of the town of 
Cambridge; in 1881 was elected a State Senator; in 
1884 w.is elected President of the State Senate; in 
March, 1885, upon the appointment of Governor Mc- 
Lane as United States Slinister to France, became 
Governor of Maryland, ex-officio: in January, 1886, 
was elected, by the Legislature, Governor of the 
State for the unexpired term ending in 1888. 

Lloyd, James ; was a Senator in Congress from 
Maryland, from 1797 to 1800, when he resigned. 

Lloyd, James ; was born in Boston, Massa- 
chusetts, in 1769; graduated fiom Harvard Uuivcr- 
ity in 1787; devoted himself to mercantile pursuits, 
and resided in Russia a number of .vears; devoted 
some attention to literature; was elected a member 
of the .\merican Aciwlemy of Arts and Sciences; re- 
ceived from his Alma Mater, in 1826, the degree of 
Doctor of Laws; was a Senator in Congress from 
Massachusetts, from 1808 to 1813, when he resigned, 
and again, from 1822 to 1826, serving as Chairm.an of 
the Committees on Commerce and Naval Affiiirs; his 
reputation was that of an able statesman, and a 
wealthy and benevolent man. Died in New York 
City, April 5, 1831. 

Loan, Benjamin P.; was bom in Hardinsburg, 
Breckinridge County, Kentucky, in lsl9; settled in 
Missouri in 1838, and adopted the legal profession; 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



305 



when the Kebellion broke out, in 1861, he took au ac- 
tire part iu military affairs, and was appointed 
a Brigadier-General; in 1862 was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Jlissouri to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Military Af- 
fairs ; was subsequently reported against by the Com- 
mittee on Elections, but the action of the Committee 
was not sustained by the House, and he retained his 
seat; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committe&s on the Pacific RaUroad, 
Freedmen, and Debts of the Loyal States; was also 
re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving as Cliair- 
man of the Committee on Revolutionary Pensions, 
and on that on Freedmen's AH'airs; in 1869 was ap- 
pointed a Visitor to West Point. 

Locke, Francis ; was bom in Rowan County, 
North Carolina, October 31, 1766; was elected .Judge 
of the Superior Court in 1803; having resigned was 
chosen a Senator in Congress for the years 1814 and 
1815 from his native State, but appears not to have 
taken his seat; in 180!) was a Presidential Elector. 
Died January, 1823. 

Locke, James "W.; was bom in WUmington, 
Vermont, October 30, 1837; received a common 
school education; studied law; was in the Naval Ser- 
vice during the war for the Union ; after the war prac- 
ticed his profession at Key West; in 1866 was ap- 
pointe 1 Clerk of the United States Court for South- 
ern 1- lorida ; in 1868 became Judge oi' Jlonroe Coun- 
ty; served in the State Senate in 1870 aud 1871; in 
1872 was appointed United States Judge for the 
Southern District of Florida.. 

Locke, John; was born in Hopkinton, Ma.ssa- 
ehusetts, in 1764; graduated at Cambridge in 1702; 
w;is admitted to the bar in 1796, and opened an ofiice 
in Ashby; represented that town in the Legislature in 
1804, 1805, 1813, and 1823; iu 1820 was a member of 
the '"Constitutional Convention" of the State; from 
1823 to 1829 was a Representative in Congress from 
•the Worcester North District; in 1830 was a State 
Senator from Middlesex County; in 1831 was a mem- 
ber of the Executive Council; removed to Lowell in 
1837, and thence, in 1849, to Boston, where he died, 
March 29, 1855. 

Locke, Matthew ; was bom in Rowan County, 
North Carolina, 1730; was a member of the Congress 
at Halifax, in 1776, wMch formed the Constitution of 
North Carolina, and was a Repre.sentative in the Con- 
gress of the United States from 1793 to 1799; also 
served in the Legislature, aud four of his sons were at 
one time in the Revolutionary War. Died in 1801. 

Locke, Po"whattan B.; was bom in Kentucky; 
removed to Missouri; was appointed a Judge of the 
United States Court for the Territory of Nevada, re- 
siding at Carson City. 

Lockhart, James ; was bom in Auburn, New 
York, I'ebmary 13, 1806; removed to Indiana in 
1832; studied law, and came to the bar in 1834; in 
1841 and 1842 was elected I'rost'cuting Attorney; 
from 1845 to 1851 was Judge of the Fourth .Judicial 
District when he resigned; was a member of the 
"State Constitutional Convention" of 1850; was 
elected a Representative in Congress trom Indiana 
from 1851 to 1853. Died at Evansville, Indiana, 
September 7, 1657. 

Lockrwood, Daniel Newton; was bom in 
Hamburg, Erie County, New York, June 1, 1844; 
gradoatM at Union College in 1865; studied law; 
\faa admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of the 
Stntc in 1666, and began practice iu Buflalo; in 1874 

20 



was elected District Attorney for Erie Countv fer 
the term of three years; was elected a Representative 
from New York to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Lockwood, H. A.; was bom at Little Falls, 
Herkimer County, New York, August 13, 1634; in 
1839 removed, with his parents, to Prarieville (now 
Waukesha), Wisconsin; owing to the lack of educa- 
tional facilities, the surrounding country being then 
a wilderness, he received his early education from 
his mother, suptlemented by occasional attendance 
at the public school, and by study at night while em- 
ployed in a country store which he entered at the age 
often years; was afterward employed in the local 
post office and the telegraph office at Waukesha; in 
1853 was appointed to a clerkship in the office of the 
Commissioner of Customs at Washington; was com- 
missioned Acting Commissioner of Customs June 1, 
1871, during an interim, holding the office until 
July 3d of that year; July 1, 1875, was appointed 
Deputy Commissioner of Customs, remaining in that 
position. 

Lockwood, "William F.; was born in Connec- 
ticut; removed to Nebraska; was appointed an As- 
sociate Justice of that Territory, residing at Dakota 
City. 

Lofland, James R.; was bom in Milford, Dela- 
ware. November 2, 1823, graduated at Delaware Col- 
lege in 1815; was admitted to the bar in 1849; was 
Secretary of the State Senate in 1849; a member of 
the Convention to revise the State Constitution in 
1853; Secretary of State in 1855 and 1859; was ap- 
pointed a paymaster in the army in 1863, and re- 
signed in 1867; was elected to the Forty-thu'd Con- 
gress, ser\'ing on the Committee on the District of 
Columbia. 

Logan, Cornelius A.; was a citizen of Kansas; 
was United States Minister to Chili Crom 1873 to 1877; 
was Minister to Central America from 1879 to 1882, 
when lie was again appointed United States Minister 
to Chili. 

Logan, G-eorge ; was bom at Stanton, near Phil- 
adelphia, September 9, 1753; was educated, at Edin- 
burgh, for the medical profession, but devoted a great 
portion of his time to agriculture, and was a member 
of the Legislature of Pennsylvania; in 1798 embarked 
for Europe for the sole purpose of preventing a war 
between America and France, and prepared the way 
for a negotiation which terminated in peace; was a 
Senator of the United States from 1801 to 1807; went 
to England in February, 1810, on the same errand 
which took him to France, but not with the same 
success; w.as an active member of the Philosophical 
Society and the State Board of Agriculture, and in 
1797 published "Experiments on Gypsum" and 
"Rotation of Crops." Died, at Stanton, April 9, 
1821. 

Logan, Henry ; was born in Pennsylvania; w;i3 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1835 to 1839. 

Logan, John Alexander; was born in Jackson 
County, Illinois, February 9, 1626; received a com- 
mon school edtication; went with the army as a 
private in the war with Me.>;ico. and was made 
Quartermaster of his regiment; in 1849 was elected 
County Clerk of Jackson County, but resigned; in 
1850 studied law, and came to the bar in 1852, having 
griuluated at the Louisville Univcr.sity; in 1652 was 
elected to the Illinois Legislature; in 1853 was ap- 
pointed a Prosecuting Attorney; in 1856 a I'resideu- 
tial Elector; a second time elected to the Legislature; 



306 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



in 1858 was elected a Representative from Illinois to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Unfinished Business; re-elected to 
Thirty-seventh Congress; resigned, and served as a 
Colonel in the Union Army in 1861 ; was subsequently 
commissioned a Major-General; commanded with dis- 
tinction the Army of Tennessee; in November, 1865, 
was appointed, by President Johnson, Minister to the 
Republic of Mexico, but declined; was a Delegate to 
the ''Soldiers' Convention" held in Pittsburg, in 
18(!(): of the Chicago Convention of 1S68; waselected 
to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Ordnance, and on 
those on Retrenchment, and Ways and Means; was 
one of the Managers in the Impeachment trial of 
President Andreiv Johnson; in 1871 took his seat in 
the United States Senate for the term ending in 1877, 
serving on the Connnittee on Elections, and as Chair- 
man of that on Militarj- Atfairs; was again elected to 
the United States Senate in 1878, for the term ending 
in 1885; was re-elected in 18S5. Died in Washing- 
ton, D. C, December :>6, 1886. 

Logan, ■William; was bom in Harrodsbnrg, 
Kentucky, December 8, 1776; was a member of the 
"State Constitutional Convention" in 1799; studied 
law, and practiced with success; was frequently in 
the Legislature, and officiated as Speaker; was twice 
chosen Judge of the Court of Appeals; was a Senator 
in Congress during the years 1819 and 1820. Died 
August 8, 18:3'2. He was the first white child bom 
Ln Kentucky. His father, Benjamin, was a dis- 
tinguished General and Pioneer. 

Long, Alexander; was bom in Greenville, 

Mercer Comity, Pennsylvania, December 94, 1816; 
was educated at Cary's Academy (now Farmer's Col- 
lege), Ohio; adopted the profession of the law, prac- 
ticing in Cincinnati; was elected to the Ohio Legisla- 
ttrre in 1818 and 1819; in ISCt'l was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Ohio to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Claims; was a Delegate 
to the "Chicago Convention" of 1864. 

Long, Ed'ward H.; was bom in Maryland in 
18(18; graduated at Yale College; adopted and prac- 
ticed the profession of law; served a number of years 
in the JIaryland Legislature; was a Representative 
in Congress from ilaryland from 1845 to 1847. Died 
in Somerset, Maryland, in October, 1865. He was a 
man of ability, and at one time was a candidate for 
the United States Senate. 

Long, John ; was bom in Loudon Coxmty, Vir- 
ginia; was a farmer by profession; entered public life 
as a Senator in the Assembly in 1815; in 1821 was 
elected to Congress as a Representative from Nortli 
Carolina, where he remained until 1829. 

Long, John Davis; was bom at Bnckfield, 
Maine, October 27. 1-^18; graduated at Harvard Col- 
lege in 1857; taught school from 1857 to 1859; at- 
tended the Cambridge Law School in 1860 and 1861 ; 
studied law, and settled in the practice at Boston, 
Massachusetts, in 1867; became a resident of Hing- 
ham. Jlassachusetts, in 1869, still continuing to prac- 
tice in Boston; served in the State House of Repre- 
sentatives from 1875 to 1879, the last three years as 
Speaker; was Lieutenant-Governor of the State in 
1879; GoTernor from 1879 to 1882; was elected a 
Representative from Massachusetts to the Forty- 
eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Long, Pierce ; was a Delegate from New Hamp- 
shire to the Continental Congress from 1781 to 178!i. 



Longfellow, Stephen; was bom in Gorham, 
Massachusetts, June 23, 1775; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1798; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1801 ; was, for many years, a leading 
politician and lawyer in Maine; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1797; was a member of the "Hartford 
Convention " in 1814, of which body, at the time of 
his death, he was the only surviving Delegate from 
Massachusetts; from 1817 to 1836 was a member of 
the Corporation of Bowdoin College, from which in- 
stitution he received the degree of LL.D. ; was a 
member of the "State Constitutional Convention" of 
1819; a Representative in Congress from Maine from 
1823 to 1825; a Representative in the Maine Legisla- 
ture in 1826. Died at Portland, August 2, 1849. 
1 te was the father of the distinguished poet, Long- 
fellow. 

Longford, ■William G-.; was born in Greene 
County, Ohio, August 10, 1834; while a child, wa3 
taken, by his parents, to the State of New "i'ork, 
where he remained until ten years of age; then went 
to live with a brother in Iowa, with whom he resided 
until 1850, at which time he emigrated to Oregon; 
first engaged as a farm hand in the Wallamette Val- 
ley, in Oregon, for a short time; then worked at rail- 
splitting until he had sufficient means to procure a 
mining outfit, when he proceeded, alone, through the 
Indian country, to Southern Oregon, where he worked 
untU 1854; bis previous education had been limited 
to a brief attendance at the common schools in Iowa; 
was an inveterate reader, and thus gained much val- 
uable information; commenced the study of law; in 
1856 served, for a short time, as a volnuteer during 
the Indian war; in 1857 completed his legal studies, 
and was admitted to the bar at Portland, Oregon, 
and entered upon the practice of law there; in 1858 
was an unsuccessful candidate for Prosecuting Attor- 
ney of the Portland District ; from 1859 to 1862 was 
engaged in the practice of law at Vancouver, Wash- 
ington Territory; in 1863 was appointed, by the Gov- 
ernor, Prosecuting Attorney for the Watsons District; 
in the fall of that year removed to Walla Walla, 
where he remained until 1867; in 1864 was elected 
a Representative in the Territorial Legislature, serv- 
ing three years; in 1868 started on a roving expedi- 
tion, which lasted until 1875; during that time prac- 
ticed law in Mississippi, Texas, and at San Francisco, 
California; in 1875 located at Lewiston, Idaho; was 
elected to the Upper House of the Idaho Legislature; 
at the expiration of his term of service removed to 
Walla Walla, Washington Territory ; was elected City 
.attorney, and was four times re-elected; in Novem- 
ber, 1885, was appointed, by President Cleveland, 
an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Wash- 
ington Territory. 

Longnecker, Henry C; was bom in Allen 

Township, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, April 
17, 1825; was educated at the Wilbraham Academy, 
Massachusetts, the Norwich Military University, of 
Vermont, and Lafayette College, Pennsylvania, where 
he graduated; adopted the profession of the law; 
served as a Lieutenant and Adjutant in the war 
with Mexico; on his return was elected District At- 
torney of Lehigh County; in 1851 was a member of 
a Democratic Convention for nominating State 
Judges; in 1854 was a member of another Conven- 
tion for nominating State Oflicers ; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the Committee on 
Military Affairs; as Colonel of the Ninth Pennsyl- 
vania Infiintry, commanded a brigade in Western Vir- 
ginia at the commencement of the Rebellion in 1861 ; 
subsequently commanded a Brigade of Militia at the 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



307 



Battle of Antietnm; in ISCiT was appointed an Asso- 
ciate Judge of Lehigh Coimty. Died September 18, 
1871. 

Longstreet, James ; was bom in South Caro- 
lina about 1823; removed, with his parents, to Ala- 
bama ir. childhood; received a good education; in 
1838 was appointed a Cadet at the United States 
Military Academy, at We^t Point, New York; grad- 
uated in 1842, and was commissioned a Brevet Sec- 
ond Lieutenimt in the United States Army; in 
March, 1345, was commissioned a Second Lieutenant; 
served with conspicuous gallantry throughout the 
war with Mexico, and w-as rapidly advanced as a 
reward for his bravery, being commissioned First 
Lieutenant in February, 1847; Brevet Captain in 
August, 1847; Brevet JIajor in September. Is47; was 
severely wounded at the battle of Chapultepec; was 
Chief Commissary of the Department of Texas from 
1849 to 1851 ; was commissioned Captain in Decem- 
ber, 1852, and Major and Paymaster in July, 1858; 
in Jtme, 1861, resigned his commission, and joined 
the Confederate Army; served throughout the Civil 
War, rising to the rank of Major-General; after the 
close of the war settled at Atlanta. Georgia; advo- 
cated submission to the reconstruction Taws, and 
"accepted the situati<m "; was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Grant, United States Marshal for the District 
of Georgia; in 1880 was appointed, by President 
Hayes, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo- 
tentiary of the United States to Turkey; resigned in 
1881, and returned home; was re-appointed United 
States Marshal for Georgia, serving until 1885. 

Longyear, John "W.; was bom in Shandaken. 
Ulster County, New York, October 22, 1820; received 
a good academic education; removed to Jliohigan in 
1844; studied law, and came to the bar in 1S46; was 
elected a Representative from Michigan to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Committee on Com- 
merce, and as Chairman of the Committee on Ex- 
penditures on the Public Buildings; re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the same commit- 
tees; was a Deleg-ato to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' 
Convention " of 1866: in 1870 became a Judge of the 
District Court of Michigan. 

Looker, Othniel: was born on Long Island, 
New York, October 4, 1757; began life as a weaver, 
and by his own exertions received a liberal educa- 
tion; served five years in the Revolntion.ary Army: 
also served in both branches of the New York Legis- 
lature; in 1804 removed to Ohio, where lie served for 
many years in the State .Senate; in 1814 became 
Governor by virtue of his office as Speaker of the 
Senate; was for seven years a Judge of the Court of 
Common Pleas. Died in Palestine, Illinois, April 5, 
1845. 

Ijoomis, Arphaxad; was for three years a 
member of the Legishiture of New York from Herki- 
mer Conntv; was a Representative in Congress from 
that State "from 1837 to 1839. 

IjOorois, D^wight ; was born in Columbia, Tol- 
land County, Connecticut, ,Tuly 27, 1821; received a 
common school education; passed the most of his 
youth on a farm; taught school for about one year; 
commenced the study of law in 1844; finished his 
legal studies at New Haven, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1847, after which time he practiced his 
profession at KockvUle, Connecticut; in 1851 was 
elected to the Connecticut Legislature; in 1856 was 
a Delegate to the "People's Convention" in Phila- 
delphia; was a State Senator in 1857; was elected a 
Representative from Connecticut to the Thirty-sixth 



Congress, serving as a member of the Committee on 
Mileage; re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Elections and on Agri- 
culture; was subsequently phued upon the bench of 
the Supreme Court of Connecticut. 

Lord, Frederick W.; was born in Lyme, 
Connecticut, December 11, 1800; graduated at Yale 
College in 1821: was for two years Professor of 
Mathematics in Washington College; had charge for 
three years of an academy in the city of Baltimore; 
devoted himself in Baltimore for several years to the 
study of medicine, and received a diploma from Yale 
College in 1829; spent fifteen years in the practice of 
his profession at Sag Harbor, New York, when he re- 
tired; was a Representative in Congress from New 
York from 1847 to 1849; was a Delegate to the Balti- 
more "National Convention" in 1840. Died at 
New York, May 24, 1860. 

Lord, Henry "W.; was born at Northampton, 
Massachusetts, in 1821; received an academic edu- 
cation; removed to Detroit, Jlichigan, in 1839, and 
to Pontiae, Jlichigan, in 1843, where he engaged in 
farming and merchandising; was L'nited States Con- 
sul at ilanchester, England, from 1861 to 1867, and 
devised valuable plans for jjerfecting the Consular 
Service; became a member of the State Board of 
Charities and Corrections in 1871, and continued in 
that position; was a Presidential Elector in 1S76; in 
that year removed to Detroit: was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Michigan to tlie Forty -seventh Con- 
gress. 

Lord, Scott; was bom in Nelson, Madison 
County, New York, December 11. 1320: received an 
academic education, and adopted the profession of 
the law; held the offices of Judge and Surrogate in 
Utica; practiced his profession with Roscoe Conk- 
ling, as his partner; in 1874 was elected a Repre- 
sentative tirom New York to the Forty-fourth Con- 
gress. A^^^ £^/,^ycr/^s'^ 

Lore, Charles B.; was bom at Odessa, Dela- 
ware, March 16, 1831; gnidnated from Dickinson 
College, Pennsylvania, in 1852, with the honors of 
his class: studied law and was admitted to the bar 
in 1861; removed to 'Wilmington. Delaware, in 1859, 
and, after his admission to the bar, engaged in the 
practice of law in that city; was Clerk of the State 
House of Rej)resentatives in 1857: Commissioner of 
the Draft in 1862; Attorney-General of the State from 
1869 to 1874 ; President'ial Elector in 1880; was 
elected a Representative from Delaware to the Forty- 
eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Loring, Ed'ward G-. ; was born in Boston, Mas- 
sachusetts, in 1802; graduated at Harvard College in 
1821: adopted the profession of the law, which he 
practiced in his native city; was a Lecturer on Law 
at Harvard College for several years; in 1858 was ap- 
pointed a Judge of the Court of Claims in Washingtou. 

Loring, George B.; was born at North Andover, 
Ma.ssachusetts, November 8, 1817; attended Franklin 
Academy, in his native town; was graduated at Har- 
vard University in 1838; received the degree of JI. D. 
at Harvard Jledical College in 1842; was Surgeon of 
the Marine Hospital at Chelsea in 1813; was ap- 
pointed Commissioner to Revise the United States 
JIarine Hospital System in 1849; was appointed Post- 
master of Salem, Massachusetts, in 1853; was a Rep- 
resentative in the Legislature in 1866 and 1867; was 
President of the State Senate in 1873, 1874, 1875, 
and 1876; was a Delegate to the Republiciin National 



308 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Couventions of 1868, 1872, and 1876; was a Commis- 
sioner to the Centennial Exhibition of 1876; was 
elected a Representative from Massachusetts to the 
■Forty -fifth Congress; re-elected to the Forty -sixth 
Congress; in July, 1881, was appointed Commis- 
sioner of Agriculture, at Washington. 

Lothrop, George Van Ness; was bom at 
Easton, Bristol County, Massachusetts, August 8, 
1817; was a descendant of the Puritans, the family 
having been established in the Plymouth Colony 
about the year 1650; received his early education in 
the common schools; was prepared for College at 
Day's Academy, Wrentham, Massachusetts; attended 
Amherst College during the term of 1833-'34; in 
1835 entered Brovm University, at Providence, 
Rhode Island, from which institution he graduated 
in 1838; immediately entered tlie Law School of 
Harvard University, under the tuition of the noted 
jurists, Judge Joseph Story and iSimon Greenleaf; 
impaired healtli caxised his removal to Jlichigan, in 
1839, where he joined his brother upon a farm near 
Schoolcraft; in March, 1843, removed to Detroit, 
Michigan, and was admitted totlie bar; in the spring 
of 1844 engaged in the practice of law, in which he 
continued until 1885, and in which he attained emi- 
nence; was Attorney-General of Michigan from 1848 
to 1851; was Recorder of the city of Detroit from 
1851 to 1853; was General Counsel for the Michigan 
Central Railroad Company from 1854 to 1880, when 
he resigned the position; was an unsuccessful candi- 
date for Congress in 1856 and 1860; was three times 
the unsuccessful candidate of his party for United 
States Senator; in 1800 was a member of the Demo- 
cratic National Conventions, at Charleston, South 
Carolina, and Baltimore, Maryland; in 1867 was 
elected a Delegate to the State Constitutional Con- 
vention; in 1882 was made a member of the Com- 
mission in whose charge the Public Library of De- 
troit was placed, resigning in 1885; in May, 1885, 
was appointed, by President Cleveland, Envoy Ex- 
traordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the 
United States to St. Petersburg, Russia. 

Loughridge, William; was born in Youngs- 
town, Mahoning County, Ohio, July 11, 1827; re- 
ceived a common school education; studied law, and 
came to the bar at the age of twenty-two years; re- 
moved to Iowa, in 1852; was elected a member of 
the State Senate from 1856 to 1860; in 1861 was 
chosen Judge of the Sixth Judicial District of Iowa, 
to serve until January, 1867; in 1866 was elected a 
Representative from Iowa to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Private Land Claims, 
Agriculture, and Education in the District of Co- 
lumbia; was re-elected to the three succeeding Con- 
gresses, serving on the Committees on Appropria- 
tions and the Judiciary. 

LounsbeiTjr, William ; was born at Stone 
Eidge, New York, December 25, 1831 ; graduated at 
Rutger's College in 1851; studied law at the New 
York University; was admitted to practice in 1853; 
■was a member of the Assembly in 1868; was elected 
Mayor of Kingston in 1878, and served two years; 
was elected a Representative from New York to the 
Forty-sixth Congress. 

Louttit, J. A.; was a resident of Stockton, Cali- 
fornia; in 1884 was elected a Representative from 
California to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Love, James ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Kentucky from 1833 to 1835. 

Love, J. M.; was born in Fairfax Cotmty, Vir- 
ginia, in 1820; in 1833 removed, with his parents, to 



Muskingum County, Ohio; was educated in the com- 
mon schools of that county and at an academy in Fair- 
lax County, Virginia; studied law with a brother in 
Virginia, and with Judge Richard Stillwell, at Zanes- 
ville, Ohio; was admitted to the bar in Virginia and 
Ohio; engaged in the practice of law in Coshocton 
County, Ohio, in 1842; in 1846 entered the army as 
Captain of Company B, Third Regiment of Ohio Vol- 
unteers, for service in the war with Mexico; went to 
Mexico, and served there until mustered out with 
his regiment at the close of their term of enlistment, 
in 1847; resumed the practice of law in Ohio; in 
1850 removed to Keokuk, Iowa, where he practiced 
his profession; in 1852 was elected a State Senator; 
in 1855 was appointed United States District Judge 
for the District of Iowa, in which position he re- 
mained. 

Love, John ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Virginia from 1807 to 1811. 

Love, Peter E.; was born near Dublin, Laurens 
County, Georgia, July 7, 1818 ; was educated at 
Franklin College; studied medicine and attended 
medical lectures in Philadelphia; relinquished that 
profession, and turned his attention to the law; w.i3 
admitted to the bar in 1839; in 1843 was chosen 
Solicitor-General for the Southern District of Georgia; 
in 1849 was elected to the State Senate; in 1853 was 
appointed a .Judge for the Southern Circuit of Geor- 
gia; was elected a Representative from Georgia to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Expenses in the State Department, and the Special 
Committee of Thirty-three on the Rebellious States. 

Love, Thomas C; was Judge of Erie County, 
New York, in 1828; District Attorney from 1829 to 
1836; was a Representative in Congress, fi'om New 
York, from 1835 to 1837; Surrogate from 1841 to 
1845. Died at Buffalo, September 17, 1853. 

Love, William C; was horn in Virginia; was 
educated at the University of North Carolina, of 
which his father was steward; was a lawyer by pro- 
fession; was a Representative in Congress from 
North Carolina from 1815 to 1817. 

Lovejoy, O'wen ; was born in Albion, Ken- 
nebec County, Maine, January 6, 1811; worked on 
a farm until eighteen years of age; taught school, 
and thereby acquired the means for a collegiate edu- 
cation, which he received at Bowdoin College; was a 
clergyman of the Congregational Chmch at Prince- 
ton, Illinois, from 1838 to 1854; resigned his pastoral 
duties to take a seat in the Illinois Legislature in 
the latter year; in 1856 was elected a Representative 
from that State to the Thirty-fifth Congress; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, and 
Thirty-eighth Congresses, serving on the Committees 
on Revolutionary Claims, Public Lands, and as 
Chairman of the Committees on Agricul ture and on 
the District of Columbia; was also a member of the 
Committee on Territories. Died in Brooklyn, New 
York, March 25, 1864. 

Lovell, James ; was born in Boston, Massachu- 
setts; graduated at Harvard College in 1756, and 
was for many years associated with his father as 
teacher of the Latin School; in 1760 published 
" Oratio in Funero Thyntii "; during the Revolution 
was a firm Whig, devoted to the cause of liberty, and 
was imprisoned by General Gage; was carried a pris- 
oner by the British troops to Halifax, where he was 
for a long Ume kept in close confinement; after his 
return to Boston, was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress from 1776 to 1782, and was a member of 
the Committee on Foreign Correspondence; also 



BIUGKAPHICAL A^^ALS. 



309 



signed the Articles of CoDlederation; in 1786 was 
Collector of Customs for Boston, and was subsequently 
Naval Officer for Boston and Charlestovvn, in which 
station he remained until his death. Died in 1814, 
aged seventy-six years. 

Levering', Henry B.; -was horn at Portsmouth, 
New Hampshire, April 8, 1841; removed, with his 
parents, to Exeter, New Hampshire, in 181:2, and to 
Lynn, iM;issachusetts, in 1846; received a common 
school education; became connected with the shoe- 
man ul'acturing interest, for which Lynn is noted; in 
1862 enlisted in the Kighth Regiment of Ma.ssachu- 
setts Volunteer Militia, and served a full term; upon 
receiving his discharge, immediately enlisted in the 
Third Regiment of Massachusetts Cavalry; lost a leg 
at "Sheridan's" Battle of Winchester, Virginia; 
was a Representative in the Massachusetts Legisla- 
ture in 1872 and 1874; a City Assessor of Lynn in 
1879 and 1880, and Mayor in 1881 and 1882; was 
elected a Representative from Massachusetts to the 
Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Lovett, John; was born in Norwich, Connecti- 
cut; gradvuited at Yale Collfegc; Avas a member of the 
New York Assembly in 1800 and 1801; was a Reprc- 
seutative in Congress from that State from 1813 to 
1814, and from 1815 to 1817. Died in 1818 in Ohio. 

Lo'w, Frederick F.; was a Representative from 
California to the Thirty-seventh Congress, taking his 
seat during the second session thereof; was Governor 
of California from 1863 to 1865; in September, 18fi'J; 
was appointed Minister to China in 1871; was em- 
powered to negotiate a treaty with Corea. 

Low, Isaac ; was a merchant of New York ; at 
first a prominent ^Vllig, and afterw.ards a Loyali.st 
refugee; was a Delegate to the Continental Congress 
in 1774 and 1775; a member of the Committee of 
Correspondence; member of the New York Provincial 
Congress in 1775, but was arrested in 1776 on sus- 
picion of holding corresijoudcnce with the enemy; iu 
1782 was President of the New York Cliamber of 
Commerce; he was attainted of treason, bis property 
was confiscated, and he went to England, where he 
died iu 1791. 

Lowe, David P.; was bom in Oneida County, 
New York, August 22, 1823; graduated at the Cin- 
cinnati College in 1851; practiced law until 1861; 
removed to Kansas; was a member of the State 
Senate in Kansas in 1863 and lSo'4; .Judge of the 
Sixth .Judicial Court of Kansas from 1867 to 1871; 
was elected to the Forty -second and Forty-third Con- 
gresses, serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Jlines and Mining. 

Lowe, Enoch L.; was born in Maryland; in 1851 
was elected Ciovemor of that State, serving until 
1854. 

Lowe, Ralph P.; was bom in Montgomery 
County, Ohio, in 1805; received a collegiate educa- 
tion; studied law and was admitted to practice; in 
183!) removed to JIuscatine, Iowa, and engaged in the 
practice of his profession and in tiirming; in 1849 re- 
moved to Keokuk, Iowa; in 1853 was elected Judge of 
the First Judicial District; in 1857, w-hile sending his 
second term as District Judge, was elected Governor 
of the State; before the close of his term was elected 
a .Judge of the State Supreme Court for the term of 
six years; became Chief Justice of that Court; de- 
clined a re-nomination; subsequently resumed the 
practice of law. Died at Washington, D. C, Decem- 
ber 22, 1883. 



LO'we, "William Manning- ; was born at llunts- 
ville, Alabama; was cdncatcd at I'lorence, Alabama, 
.at the University of Tennessee, and at the Univc.s- 
ity of Virginia as a lawyer; entered the Conlcdorale 
Army as a private and rose to the rank of Ijientenant- 
Colonel; was Solicitor of the Fil'lh Judicial Circuit oi 
Alabama in 186.5, 1866, 1867 and 1868; was a Repre- 
sentative in the State Legislature in 1870; was a 
member of the State Constitutional Con\-ention ol 
1875; was elected a l\epresentative from Alabama to< 
the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Lowell, James Russell ; was born at Cam- 
bridge, ilassachusetts, February 22, 1819; graduated 
from Harvard University in 1838; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1841, but never practiced ; 
was appointed Professor, to succeed Longl'ellow, in 
1855; received the honorary degree of D. C. L. from 
Oxford Uni\'crsity, in 1872, and that of LL.D. from 
(-.'ambridge (ICngland) University, in 1875; devoted 
himself to literary piirsuits, and was the author oi 
many valuable works; became a member of the Royal 
Spanish Academy, of the Massachusetts Historical 
Society, and of the American Philosophical Society, 
of I'hiladelphia; in 1877 was appointed United 
States Minister to Spain, and, in 1880, was trans- 
ferred to London as the Representative of the United 
States to Great Britain. 

Lowell, John; wasborninNewburyport, Massa- 
chusetts, in 1744; graduated at Harvard College in 
1760, and settled in Boston as a lawyer; w-.as a Dele- 
gate to the Continental Congress from 1782 to 1783, 
and was a member of the Convention which i'ramed 
tlie Constitution of Massachusetts; was appointed 
.ludge of the District Court, ibr the Massachusetts 
District, by President Washington, in 1789; in 1801 
was appointed Chief Justice of the First Circuit; 
was a member of the Corporation of Harvard College 
tor eighteen years, and received the degree of LL.D. 
from that institution; was one of the founders of the 
American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and in 1791 
delivered a eulogy on its late President, James Bow- 
doin; he wrote an English poem, No. 3, in the 
"Pietas," printed at Cambridge. Died May 10, 
1802, 

Lo^well, John; was born at Boston, Miissachu- 
setts, October 18, 1S24; was graduated from Harvard 
University in 1843; studied law; was admitted to the 
bar in 1846, and engaged in practice at Boston; in 
1865 was appointed United States District .Judge for 
the District of Massachusetts; in 1878 was appointed 
Judge of the United States Circuit Court. It is a 
coini;idenee that the great-grandfather of Mr. Lowell 
held the same positions since filled by his great- 
grandson, those of District Judge of Massiichnsetts, 
and Chief Justice of the United States (Jircuit Court 
lor the Eastern Circuit, corresponding with the 
present Circuit Court. 

Lowell, Joshua A.; was bom in Thoniiiston, 
.Maine, -March 20, 1801; his educational a<lvautages 
were limited, but he commenced active life by teach- 
ing school; adopted the profession of the law, coming 
to the bar in 1826; was a member of the iMaine Legis- 
lature in 1832, 1833, 1835, and 1837; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from Maine from 1839 to 1843; 
was a Presidential Elector iu 1844. Died in Ma- 
chias, Maine, March 13, 1874. 

Lower, Christian; was a Representative in 
Congress from P(;nnsylvania from 1805 to 1807. 

Lowndes, Lloyd, Jr.; was bom in Chuksburg, 

West Virginia, February 21, 1845; graduated from 
Allegheny College, MeadAille, Pennsylvania, in 1865; 



310 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Bttended law lectures at the University of Pennsylva- 
nia; was admitted to practice in 1867; removed to 
Cumberland, Maryland; was elected to the lorty- 
third Congress from Maryland, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Public Buildings and Grounds. 

Lo-<wndeB, Thomas ; was bom in Charle-ston, 
South Carolina, in 176.5; received a thorough educa- 
tion- «as one of the most enterprising citizens ol his 
native city; was a Representative in Congress Irom 
•South Caikinafrom 18illtol805, and wasdis iiiguished 
for his talents. Died in Charleston, July 8 1843. His 
father. Kawlins Lowndes, was distinguished lor his 
hostility to the Federal Constitution. 

Lowndes, William; vras bom at Charleston, 
South Carolina, Felu-uary 7, 1782; was educated by a 
private tutor: scrNcd in the State Legislature m 1806 
and 1808; was a Kepresentative m Congress irom 
that State from ISU to 1822, when, trom ill-heath, 
he r(.si..ned; in 1818 Nva.s Chairman ot the Committee 
on Ways and Means. Died while on a voyage, mth 
his lan'iily, from Philadelpliia to London, m the ship 
Moss, October 27, 1822, aged forty-two yeais. He 
had a memory of uncommon retentiven&ss ; was an 
eloquent debater, and stood in the fii-strank of Amer- 
ican statesmen. Henry Clay once expressed the 
opinion that Mr. Lowndes was the wisest man he had 
ever known in Congress. 

Lowrie, "Walter ; was born in 1785; was a Sena- 
tor in Congress from Pennsylvania from 1810 to 18-o; 
was Secretary of the United States Senate from 182::. 
to 1836; was"subsequently appointed Secretary ot the 
' Board of Foreign Missions, which position he beld tor 
thirty years. Died in New York, .Tanuary 14, l8(,o. 
He was a man of rare ability, and eminent for his de- 
votion to the cause of Foreign Missions. 

Lowry, Robert; was born in Ireland in 1824; 
emi.'nited to Rochester, New York, m early youth; 
wasliistructed in the elementary branches at private 
schools, and took a partial academic course, but was 
chieliy self-educated; was Librarian of lioclicstcr 
Atheuoum, and Yount: Men's Association; studied 
law; removed to Fort Wayne, Indiana, in 1843; while 
yet a minor, was elected, by the Common Council, as 
City Recorder; was re-elected, but declined; was ad- 
mitted to the bar, and settled at Goshen, Indiana, in 
the practice of law in 1846; in 1852 was appointed, 
by the Governor, Circuit Judge, to fill a vacancy; was 
an unsuccessful candidate for Congress m 18o6; in 
1860 w.as President of the Demociatic State Conven- 
tion and was a Delegate to the Democratic National 
Convention; in 1861 and 1862, while .still retaining 
his residence and practice in Indiana, had a law ofhce 
in Chicago Illinois; in 1864 was elected Circuit Judge 
for a term of si.K years; in 1866 and 1868 was an un- 
successful candidate for Congress; in 1867 resumed 
his residence in Fort Wayne; in 1870 was re-elected 
Circuit Judge without opposition; was a Delegate to 
the Democratic National Convention of 1872; in 1875 
resigned the Judgeship and resumed practice; m 
1877 upon the unanimous recommendation of the 
bar, was appointed, by the Governor, Judge of the 
then recently created Superior Court, and, in 1878, 
was elected to that position, for a term of four years, 
by a unanimous popular vote; in 1879 was elected the 
jii-st President of the Indiana State Bar Association; 
was elected a Kepresentative from Indiana to the 
Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Lowry Robert; was born in Che.sterfield Dis- 
trict South Carolina; at the age of three ycais was 
removed, by his parents, to Tennessee, and Irom 
there to Tishomingo County, Mississippi; was cdu_ 



cated in the common schools; while still a lad en- 
tered the store of an uncle, at Raleigh, Smith County, 
Mississippi, as a salesman and collector; at the age of 
seventeen began business for himself; at the age of 
twenty, married and settled at Brandon, Rankin 
County, Mississippi; studied law; was admitted to 
the ba'r in 1859, and entered upon the practice of law 
at Brandon; at the outbreak of the Civil War, 
although opposed to secession, entered the Confed- 
erate Army as a private; was, soon after, elected 
Major; in 1862 was promoted to Colonel; in 1864 was 
promoted to Brigadier-General; after the close of the 
war resumed the practice of his profession ; was twice 
elected a State Senator; served but one session of his 
second term, when he resigned; in 1872 was elected 
a Representative in the State Legislature; in 1877 
was the leading candidate of his party for Governor, 
but lost the nomination by the combination of all the 
opposing forces; in 1881 was elected Governor of Mis- 
sissippi for a term of four years ; in 1885 was re-elected 
without opposition; should he serve throughout his 
second tcTm, he '.fill have occupied the gubernatorial 
chair longer than any of his predecessors. 

Loyall, George ; was born at Norfolk, Virginia, 
May 29, 1789; graduated from William and Mary 
College in 1808; in 1815 visited England; on his re- 
turn, in 1817, was elected a member of the House of 
Delegates of Virginia, and served ten years; in 1829 
wa.s a member of the Convention to amend the State 
Constitution; from 1831 to 1837 w;is a Representative 
in Congress; in 1837 was appointed Navy Agent at 
Norfolk, and, with the exception of two years occu- 
pied that position until the breaking out of the Re- 
bellion. 

Lubbock, F. R.; was Governor of Texas from 
1861 to 1865. 

Lucas, Edward ; was born in Virginia; was a 
Representative in Congress from that Str " from 1833 
to 1837; was subsequently appointed v.-overnment 
Superintendent at Harper's Ferry, where be died 

March 4, 1858. 

Lucas, John B. C; was born in Normandy, 
France, in 1762; was educated at the University of 
Caen, where he graduated as Doctor of Civil and 
Common Law in 1782; practiced his profession in his 
native country two years; then emigrated to the 
United States, and settled on a farm near Pittsburg, 
Pennsylvania, where, in connection with agricultural 
pursuits, he devoted himself to acquiring the English 
lan<Juage, and making himself aciinainted with the 
history. Constitution, and laws of his adopted coun- 
try; soon gained the confidence of the people, and in 
1792 was elected to the Legislature of Pennsylvania; 
served as a Judge of the Court of Common Pleas for 
this District; in 1802 was elected a Representative in 
Congress, and re-elected in 1804; in 1805 was appoint- 
ed, by President Jett'erson, Judge of the United States 
Court in Upper Louisiana, when he resigned his seat 
in Congress, and removed t.i St. Louis; was also 
Commissioner of Land Titles in that Territory; held 
the office of Judge until 1820, when he retired to 
private life on a farm adjoining the city of St. Louis, 
where he died in September, 1842. 

Lucas, Robert; was born at Shepherdstown, 
Virginia, April 1, 1781; his father, a Captain in the 
Revolutionary Army, was descended from Wilham 
Penn; removed to Ohio in 1800; was Major-General 
of Militia; appointed Captain of the Nineteenth 
United States Inf\intry, March 14, 1812; Lieuto.nant- 
Colonel, February 20, 1813; resigned June 30, 1813; 
was Brigadier-General of Ohio Militia in defense of 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



311 



the froutier iu 1813; member ol the Ohio Legislature 
in 1814; President of the Democratic National Con- 
venliou, May, 183'.J; was Governor of Ohio from 18:i'i 
to 1836; first Territorial Governor of Iowa from 1838 
to 1841 ; was a prominent Free Mason. Died at Iowa 
City, February 7, 1853. 

Lucas, William ; was born in Virginia; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1839 
to 1841. and from 1843 to 1845. 

Ludlow, G-eorge Craig ; was bom at Milford, 
New .Jersey, April 0, 1830; recci\ed a classical edu- 
cation, graduating from Kutgers College in 1850; 
stmlied law; w.os admitted to the bar in 1853, and 
engaged in the practice of law as a profession; held 
several county offii^s at diflereat periods; in 1876 
was elected a State Senator, and in the second j'ear 
of his term was made President of the Senate; de- 
clined a re-nomination; in 1880 was elected Governor 
of New Jersey for the term of three years from Jan- 
uary, 1881. 

Lumpkin, John H.; was horn in Ogletliorpe 
County, Georgia, .June 13, 1812; was educated at 
l^ranklin and Yale Colleges; served for a time as 
Secretary in the Kxecutive Department of Georgia; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1834; 
was elected to the State Legislature in 1853; in 1838 
was Solicitor-General of the Cherokee Circuit; was a 
Representative iu Congress from Georgia from 1843 
to 1849, and also elected to the Thirty-fourth Con- 
gress; also, tor three years, held the office of Judge 
of the Cherokee Circuit Court, and that of Judge of 
the Supreme Court of the State. Died in Rome, 
Georgia, in 1860. 

Lumpkin, Wilson ; was born in Pittsylvania 
County, Virginia, .January 14, 1783; received a com- 
mon school educat ion, and while engaged as a copy- 
ing-clerk in his father's office, studied law; soon 
after attaining the age of twenty-one was sent to the 
State Legislatiu-e, and continued in that capacity a 
number of years; was twice elected Governor of 
Georgia; served in the Federal Ifousc of Representa- 
tives from 1815 to 1817, and from 1827 to 1831; in 
1823 was appointed, by President Monroe, to mark out 
the Iioundary line betwei^n (Georgia and Florida; was 
appointed, by President .lackson, a Commissioner 
under the Cherokee treaty of 1835; was also a mem- 
ber of the board of Public Works; was a Senator in 
Congress from 1837 to 1841. 

Luna Tranquilino ; was born at Los Lvmas, New 
Mexico, February 23, 1849; was elected the Delegate 
from New Jlexieo to the Forty-seventh Congress, and 
was re-elected to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Luttrell, John K..; was born in Knox County, 
Tennessee, June 27, 1831; resided in Caliibrnia 
twenty-two yeai-s; was self-educated; studied and 
practiced law; was elected to the Legislature of Cali- 
fornia iu 1863, 1865, and 1871; wiis elected to the 
Fortj'-third Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Public Expenditures and Civil Service; re-elected to 
the Forty-fourth Congress; re-elected to the Forty- 
fifth Congress. 

Lyle, Aaron; was a soldier in the Revolution; 
was a Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania 
from 1809 to 1817. Died September 24, 1825. 

Lyman, Joseph ; was born at Lyons, Oakland 
County, Michigan, September 13, 1840; when 
eighteen months old his parents removed to Do- 
fiance, Ohio, where he remained until 1857, when, 
iiis father having died, his famil3' removed to Potta- 



wattamie County, Iowa; was educated in the com- 
mon schools of Ohio and at the Iowa College, at 
Grinncll, Iowa; entered the Union Army in 1861, as 
a private in the Fourth Regiment of Iowa Cavalry; " 
rose to the rank of Major, serving a portion of the 
lime on staff duty, as Aid-de-camp; at the tiuu' he 
was mnstcred out of service, in ls65, was Adjutaut- 
General of the Army of the Rio Grande; graduated 
from the Law Department of the Iowa State Uni\crs- 
ity, and engaged in the practice of law at Council 
Blufis, Iowa; w^as Enrolling Clerk in the State House 
of Representatives in 1866; from 1867 to 1870 was 
Deputy Ccilleclor of Internal Revenue; from Janu- 
ary, 1884, to December of the same year was Circuit 
.1 u'dgc of the Thirteenth Judicial District of Iowa; in 
1884 was ele(^tc(l a Representative from Iowa to the 
Forty-uinth Congress. 

Lsrman, Joseph S.; was born in Hampden, 
Massachusetts; was a Representative in Congress 
from New York from 1819 to 1821. 

Lsnnan, Samuel ; was a graduate of Yale Col- 
lege in 1770; from 1786 to 1788 served in the I^egis- 
latirre, and from 1790 to 1793 as State Senator; was 
a Representative in Congress from Massachusetts from 
1795 to 1800, when he resigned. Died in 1802. 

Lyman, Theodore ; w;is born at Waltbara, 
Massachusetts, August 23, 1833; graduated from 
Harvard University as Baehclor of Arts iu 1855, and 
as Bachelor of Science in 1858; afterwards gave much 
of his time to zoological studies, which he pursued 
both in this country and in Europe; wrote a number 
of papers upon zoological subj(!cts; from 18()!! U> the 
close of the Civil War was Lieutenant-Colonel and 
Aide-de-camp on the staff of Major-General Meade; 
from 1865 to 1882 was Commissioner of Fisheries of 
the State of Massachusetts, during which time he 
conducted the first successful experiments in fish 
culture carried out by a State; became a member of 
the American Academy of Arts and Science, of the 
National Academy, and of the Societe Linnionnede 
Bordeaux, and a Trustee of the Peabody Fund; w;>s 
elected a Representative from Massachusetts to the 
Forty-eighth Congress. 

Lyman, William ; was a native of Northam))ton, 
Massachusetts; graduated at Vale College iu 1776; 
was Brigadier-General of Jlilitia; was a member of 
the Legislature in 1787, and a State Senator in 1789; 
was a Keprcsentative in Congress from 1793 to 1797; 
was appointed Consul to Ix)iulon in 1805, w' here he 
died, October, 1811, aged about titty-eight years. 

Ljmch, Charles; was G<Jvernor of Mississippi 
from 1835 to 1837; his uncle, .lohn Lynch, was the 
Ibunder of Lynchburg, in Virginia, and his father, 
bearing his own name, was a distinguished officer in 
the Revolutionary war; the term "Lynch law," was 
occasioned by his apprehending and punishing, w ith- 
out legal ceremony or delay, a lawless band of desper- 
adoes and Tories who had infested the country w-hero 
he had command. Died, near Natchez, Febru.arv 16, 
1853. 

Lynch, John; was born in Portland, Maine, 
February 15, 1825; was educated in the public schools 
of that city; adoptc^d the business of a nu'rchaat; 
served two terms in the State Legislature; was elected 
a Representative from Maine to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Banking 
and Currency, and the Bankrupt Law; was re-elected 
to the Fortietli and Forty-first Congresses, serving on 
the Committee on Post Offices and Post iioads, and 
as Chairman of Navy Department and Banking and 
Currency Committees. 



312 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Lynch, John R.; was born in Concordia Parish, 
Louisiana, September 10, 1847; was a slave until 
emancipated by the Kebellion; a purchaser of his 
toother, carried her \Yith her children to Natchez, 
where he attended evening school for a few months, 
and by jirivate study, acquired a good Englisli edu- 
cation; engaged in the business of photography at 
Natchez uutil 1869, when he was appointed a Justice 
of the Peace; was elected to the State Legislature 
from Adams County in 1870, and re-elected in 1871, 
serving the last term as Speaker of the House; was 
elected to the Forty-third Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Mines and Mining, and Interior De- 
partment; re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

i/ Lynch, Thomas; was a Delegate from South 
Carolina to the Continental Congress from 1774 to 
1776, and was succeeded by his son, bearing the same 
name, who signed the Declaration of Independence; 
had also been a Delegate to the Colonial Congress in 
1765. 

■^ Lynch, Thomas, Jr.; was born on the North 
Santee River, Parish of Prince George, South Caro- 
lina, Augusts, 1749; was educated at Eton, England; 
entered at Cambridge, and finished his legal studies 
in the Temple; returned home determined to strike 
for liberty; in 1775 was commissioned a Captain in 
the Militia service; in 1776 was elected a Delegate to 
the Continental Congress to succeed his father, aud 
was a signer of the Declaration of Independence; in 
1779 sailed for Europe for the benefit of his health, 
and the vessel in which he embarked was never seen 
after her departure fiom port. 

Lynde, 'William Pitt ; was bom in Sherburne, 
Clienango County, New York, December Ki. 1817; 
graduated at Yale College in 18:!8; emigrated to 
Wisconsin in 1841, and settled at Milwaukee; m 1844 
w;»s Attorney-General of the Territory; in 1845 was 
appointed United States District Attorney of Wiscon- 
sin, and held the position until the admission of the 
State; in 1848 was elected a Eepresentative to Con- 
gress; in 1860 ivas elected Jlayor of Milwaukee; was 
a member of the Assembly in 1866, and elected a 
State Senator in 1868; in 1874 was elected a Eepre- 
sentative to the Forty-ifourth Congress; was re-elected 
to the Forty-fifth Congi-ess. !:yu\,C /^e-c . /S , /M "k 

Lyndon, Josiah ; was bom in Newport, Rhode 
Island, March 10, 17il; was Governor of the State in 
1768. Died at Warren, March 30, 1778. 

Lyon, Asa ; was bom at Pomiiet, Connecticut, 
December 31, 1763; was a graduate of Dartmouth 
College in 1791; shortly after his graduation removed 
to South Hero, Verniont; was appointed Chief Judge 
of Grand Isle County in 1805, serving as such lor 
nine years; was elected to the Legislature as a Rep- 
resentative from South Hero in 1800, 1802, 1804, 
1805, 1806 and 18118, and from Grand Isle in 1810, 
1811, 1812, 1813 and 1814; was a member of the Ex- 
ecutive Council in 1808; was elected a member of 
Congress from 1815 to 1817; was a member of the 
Corporation of the Univei-sity of Vermont from 1814 
to 1821 inclusive; he is said to have been a second 
cousin of Robert Burns, the Scotch poet; was, for 
many years, and until his death, an able preacher of 
the Gospel; although never regularly installed, he 
preferred the Calvinistic form of worship; was dis- 
tinguished for his ripe scholarship and eloquence; by 
rigid economy and prudence he amassed wealth. 
Died at South Hero, April 4, 1841. His piiblished 
sermons and patriotic addi-esses indicate a high order 
of talent and an intimate acquaintance with modern 
and classic literature. 



Lyon, Caleb, of Lyondale ; was born at Lyon- 
dale, New Y'ork, December 7, 1822; graduated at the 
Norwich University of Vermont in 1841; traveled 
e.xtensively in Europe; was appointed, by President 
Polk, Consul at Shanghai, China; on his return 
visited Me.xico, Brazil, Chili, Peru, the Sandwich 
Islands, and California; was Secretary of the Conven- 
tion called, in 1819, to form a Constitution for Cali- 
fornia, and designed the coat of arms for the Golden 
State; made a second visit to Europe, and extended 
his travels to Egypt and the Holy Land; liom liis 
native State was elected to the Assembly, but on the 
question of enlarging the Erie Canal, which he 
favored, he resigned, and was, during the same year, 
elected to the State Senate; was elected a Representa- 
tive in the Thirty-third Congress from New York; 
wliile in Europe he was identified mth the Koszta 
affair as the ti-iend of Captain Duncan N. Ingraham; 
the title of LL.D. was conferred upon him by the 
Norwich University of Vermont; in February, 1864, 
was appointed, by President Lincoln, Governor of 
Idaho; on his return to Washington in December, 
1866, was robbed on the raUway between Washing- 
ton and New Y'ork, of |47,000. Died on Staten 
Island, September 8, 1875. 

Lyon, Chittenden; was bom in Vermont, in 
1786; removed to Kentucky in his fifteenth year; 
served in both Houses of the State Legislature; was 
a Rejiresentative in Congress from Kentucky from 
1827 to 1835. Died in Caldwell County, Kentucky, 
in November, 1842. He was the son of Matthew 
Lyon. 

Lyon, Francis S.; was bom in North Carolina; 
settled in Alabama; was elected a Representative in 
Congress from 1835 to 1839. 

Lyon, Lucius ; was bom in Vermont; emigrated 
to Michigan when quite a young man ; devoted him- 
self for a number of years to the business of survey- 
ing the wild lauds of the Territory; was a Delegate to 
Congress from that Territory during the years 1833, 
1834 and 1835; was a Senator in Congress from the 
State of Michigan from 1836 to 1840; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1843 to 1845; his last 
public position was that of Surveyor-General in the 
Northwest. Died at Detroit, September 25, 1851. 

Lyon, Mathe"w ; was born in Wicklow County, 
Ireland, in 1746; emigrated to this country when 
thirteen years of age; participated to some extent in 
the Revolutionary struggle, having, in 1777, been ap- 
pointed temporary Paymaster of the Northern Army, 
and in 1778 Deputy-Secretary of the Governor of 
Vermont, and at the same time Clerk of the Court of 
Confiscation; settled in Vermont after the war; was 
elected a member of the State Legislature in 1779, 
and the four succeeding years ; in 1783 founded the 
town of Fatrhaven, where he built saw-mills, grist- 
mills, established a forge or iron foundry, manufac- 
tured paper from basswood, and established a news- 
paper called Tlie Farmers' Library: served that town 
in the Legislature ten years; in 1786 was Assistant 
Judge of Rutland County; was a Representative in 
Congress from Vermont from 1797 to 1801. and it was 
during his first term that he had a personal difficulty, 
on the floor of Congress, with Roger Griswold, of 
Connecticut, when an unsuccessful effort was made to 
have him expelled; the fact of his giving the vote 
that made Jefferson President created a great sensa- 
tion at the time; at the end of his second term as a 
Representative from Vermont, he removed to Ken- 
tucky; established the first printing olfice in that 
State, transporting the type on horse hack across the 
mountains; served two years in the Legislature of 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



313 



that State; was a Representative in Congress from 
Kentucky from 1803 to 1811; on Novembe'i- 13, 1811, 
after his final retirement from Congress, the Speaker 
of tlie House of Kepresentatives presented a petition 
from him, setting forth that he had, many years be- 
fore, been prosecuted and convicted under the sedi- 
tion law (see " State Trials of the United States"); 
that he had suffered imprisonment, and been made 
to pay the sum of one thousand and sixty dollars and 
ninety cents, and tliat he wished to have tlie money 
refunded to him; on July i, 1810, a law was passed, 
paying to his heirs the specified sum, with Interest, 
trom February, 1790; it was while in prison at Ver- 
genncs, that he was elected to Congress from Ver- 
mont, and at the close of his services in Congress, 
from Keutuck}', he was employed to build gun-boats 
for the war, but became bankrupt from the specula- 
tion; in 1820 was appointed a Factor among the 
Cherokee Indians in Arkansas; when that Territory 
was organized he was elected the first Delegate to 
Congress, but did not live to take his seat, having 
died at Spadre Blutf, Arkansas, Angust 1, 1822. A 
sketch of his life was printed ioi IS.'jS by Pliny H. 
White, of Vermont. 

Lyons, H. A.; was an early emigrant to Califor- 
nia; in 1851 was appointed Chief Justice for the 
United States Court of that Territory, he and the two 
Associate Justices each receiving a salary of ten 
thousand dollars. 

Lsrtle, Robert T.; was distinguished as a public 
speaker; w-as a member of Congress from Ohio from 
1833 to 1835. Died in New Orleans, December 21, 
1839. 

MacDonald, Moses ; was born in Limerick, 

York County, Maine, April 8, 1815; practiced law 
trom 1837 to 1845; was a member of the Maine Leg- 
islature in 1841 and 1842; in 1845 was Speaker ol 
the House; in 1847, 1818, and 1849 served as Treas- 
urer of the State ; represented the First Congressional 
District in the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Con- 
gresses; in April, 1857, was appointed, by President 
Buchanan, Collector for the Districts of Portland and 
Falmouth. Died in Saco, Maine, October 18, 1869. 

MacDougall, ClintonD.; wasborn in Scotland, 
June 14, 1839; came to America in 1842; received an 
academic education, and studied law; was engaged 
in banking business from 1850 to 18G9; raised a com- 
pany of Volunteers in 1801 ; went to Florida with his 
regiment; was made Lieutenant-Colonel in 18G2, and 
Colonel in 1863; commanded atCentreville, Virginia, 
in 1863; joined the Army of the Potomac, and com- 
manded a Brigade at Gettysburg, until the close of 
the war; was brevetted Brigadier-General in 1864; 
returned home alter the war to pursue business; was 
appointed Postmaster of the city of Auburn in 1&()!); 
was elected to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth 
Congresses, serving on the Committee on Jlilitarv 
Allairs. 

Mace, Daniel; wasborn in Pickaway County, 
Ohio, September 5, 1811; received a limited educa- 
tion, and worked on a tarm until he became of age; 
having read law in Indiana, entered upon the prac- 
tice of the profession to which he was long devoted; 
was a member of the Indiana Legislature in 1836; 
Clerk of the House of Kepresentatives in 1837; served 
.as United States .\ttorncy for Indiana during Presi- 
dent Polk's administration; was a Kepresentative in 
Congress from Indiana from 1851 to 1855 iis a Dem- 
ocrat, and trom 1855 to 1857 as an Independent Can- 
liidate, serving on the Committees on the District of 
Columbia and iis Chairman of the Committee on the 
Post Ollice and Post Koads; on retiring from his pro- 



fession w;us appointed, by President Lincoln, Post- 
master of Lafayette, Indiana. Died by suicide at 
Lafayette, Indiana, July 26, 1867. 

Machen, "Willis B.;3«s born in Caldwell 
County, Kentucky, April iiflSlO; received an ordi- 
nary education; was a farmer; a memberof the Ken- 
tucky Constitutional Convention of 1849; a Senator 
in the State Legislature in 1854, and a member of 
the Lower House in 1856 and 1860; was a member of 
the Confederate Congress tor three years; was ap- 
pointed a Senator in Congress from Kentucky lor the 
unexpired term of Garrett Davis, and served until 
1873; served on the Committee on Claims. 

Machir, James ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia, from 1797 to 1799. Died June 

25, 1827. 

Mackey, Edmund "W. M.; was born at Charles- 
ton, South Carolina, March 8, 1846; received a good 
school education, but was prevented by the Civil 
War from entering college, for which he was prepar- 
ing; was appointed Assistant Assessor of Internal 
Revenue in 18:i5; took a prominent part in organiz- 
ing the Republican party in the State, and in carry- 
ing out the Reconstruction Acts; was a Delegate to 
the State Constitutional Convention of 1867; studied 
law, and was admitted to practice in the Supreme 
Court of the State in 1868; was Sherifl" of Charleston 
County for four years; in 1868 was elected Alderman, 
of the city, and was re-elected in 1873; was a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia Convention of 1872; in 1873 
was elected a member of the State House of liepre- 
si!ntatives; was editor and proprietor of the Charles- 
ton Republican in 1871 and 1872; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from South Carolina to the Forty-tburth 
Congress; in 1876 was elected a Representati\e in 
the State Legislature, and was Speaker of the House; 
was a Delegate to the Republican National Conven- 
tion of 1880; was Assistant United States Attorney 
from 1878 to 1881; was again a liepresentative iii 
the Forty-seventh Congress; re-elected to the Fort\- 
eighth Congress. Died at Washington, January 28, 
1884. 

Mackey, L. A.; was born in White-Deer Town- 
ship, Union County, Pennsylvania, November 25, 
1819; received a good academic education; graduated 
at Union College, New York; studied law at Dick- 
inson College, and came to the bar in 1840, removed 
to Lock Haven and practiced his profession there; in 
1852 was a member of the Whig Convention held in 
Baltimore; in 1870 was elected Mayor at Lock Haven; 
was a Delegate to the Baltimore Convention of 1872; 
in 1874 was elected a Representative from Pennsyl- 
vania to the Forty-fourth Congress; took special in- 
terest in the railroads and the normal schools of his 
District; re-elected to the Forty -fifth Congress. 

Maclanahan, James X.; was bom in Antrim, 
Franklin County, Pennsylvania, in 1809; graduated 
at Dickinson College in 1826; studied law, and set- 
tled in Chambersburg; in 1841 was elected to the 
State Senate; in 1849 was elected to Congress; re- 
elected in 1851, and was Chairman of the Committee 
on the Judiciary. Died about the year 1864. 

Maclay, Samuel ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1795 to 1797; was a 
Senator in Congress from 1803 to 1808, when he re- 
signed. 

Maclay, ■William; was a Senator in ( ongress 
from Pennsylvania from 1789 to 1791; was one of 
those who voted for locating the Seat of Govci.uneut 
on the Potomac; in 1797 was a Presidential Elector. 
Died in April, 1804. 



\ 



314 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Maclay, "William ; was a native of Pennsylva- 
nia; held the offices of County Comnlissioner and 
Associate Judge; was a member of the Assembly; 
was a Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania 
from 1815 to 1817, and again' from 1817 to 1819. Died 
January 4, 1825, aged fifty-nine years. 

Maclay, William B.; was born in New York 
City in 1815; graduated at the University of New 
York, where he subsequently officiated for a time as 
Professor of Latin; was also a Trustee, as well as 
Secretary of the University: adopted the profession 
'of the law; in 1836 was associate editor of the New 
York Qimrlerly Magazine: was an active member of 
the Legislature of New York for several years; was 
elected a Representative in Congress from that State 
in 1843; was re-elected in 1845 and 1847, and again 
elected in 1857, serving generally on important Com- 
mittees; was re-elected a Representative to the Thir- 
ty-sixth Congress; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"National Union Convention " of 1866. 

Maclay, 'William P.; was born in Northum- 
berland Count}', Pennsylvania; was a Representative 
in Congress from that State from 1816 to 1821, hav- 
ing first entered Congress for the unexpired term of 
Thomas Burnside. 

Macon, Nathaniel ; was born in Warren Coun- 
ty, North Carolina, in 1757; his early youth was 
marked by diligence in the acquisition of knowledge, 
and he was sent to Princeton College to complete his 
education, but the troubles of the Revolution closed 
the halls of that institution, and he returned home 
and volunteered as a private in a company com- 
manded by his brother, having refused a higher posi- 
tion ; while in the army was elected a member of the 
General Assembly, in which he served for several 
years; in 1791 was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, and continued a member of that body until 
transferred to the United States Senate in 1815, 
where he served until 1828; from 1801 to 1805 was 
Spe:i!cer of the House, and from 1825 to 1828 was 
Presidentpro tcm. of the Senate; was for thirty-seven 
years a member of the House or Senate, and was 
called the Father of the House, having served a 
longer time in that body than any other man; in 
1828 his native State, in honor of his services, named 
a county for him; afterwards returned to the General 
Assembly; in 1835 was President of the " Constitu- 
tional Convention " of the State; was Presidential 
ICIector in 1836. Died suddenly at his residence, 
June 2!), 1837. 

Macy, Johm B.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Wisconsin from 1853 to 1855; resided at 
Fond du Lac; was lost by the burning of the steam- 
boat Niaffam on Lake Michigan. 

Madison, George; was born in Virginia in 
1763; removed to Kentucky when a boy: when S(!v- 
entcen years of age, served as a soldier on the west- 
ern li'ontier, and engaged in several liattles with tlie 
Indians; commanded a company, and was wounded, 
under St. Clair; was Lieutenant in the Kentucky 
Mounted Volunteers under Major Adair; wounded 
ne;u- Fort St. Clair, November 6, 1792; was Major in 
that regiment, and was in the Battle of Freuchtown, 
January 18, 1813; was under Wilkinson at the 
River Raisin, where he was taken prisoner; was 
Auditor of Public Accounts for twenty years; was 
chosen Governor of Kentucky for four years in 1816; 
but a few weeks after his election died at Paris, Ken- 
tucky, October 14, 1816. 

Madison, James ; was bom on the Rappahan- 
nock liiver, in Virginia, March 16, 1751; aiter due 



preparation entered Princeton College in 1769, and 
graduated in 1771, going through the junior and 
senior studies in one year; remained at the college 
until 1772, for the purpose of studying Hebrew; in 
1776 was sent to the General Assembly; in 1778 was 
a member of the Executive Council; from 1779 to 
1785 was a member of the Continental Congress, and 
was again elected in 1786; was a member of the 
"Convention at Philadelphia" which framed the Fed- 
eral Constitution, and signed that instrument; wa.s a 
Representative in Congress from Virginia under the 
Constitution, from 1780 to 1797; was one of those 
who voted for locating the Seat of Government on the 
Potomac; in 1798 went again into the Assembly; in 
1801) was an Elector for President; in 1801 was Secre- 
tary of State of the United States, which office he 
held until 1809, when he was elected President of the 
United States, and served two entire terms; after 
leaving the Executive Chair, he retired to private 
life on his estate. knoAvn as Montpelier; was subse- 
ciucntly a Visitor and Rector of the University of 
Virginia: in 1829 was a member of the "State Con- 
vention," which was the last public position he held. 
He was one of the contributors to the Federalist, and 
his collected State papers and miscellaneous writings 
ha\e been published in several volumes; liis "Report 
of the Debates in the Federal Convention of 1787" 
having been accepted as a political text-hook of great 
value. Died at Montpelier, Orange County, Virginia, 
June 28, 1836; a work on his Life and Times was 
published by WiUiam C. Rives in 1861. 

Magee, Jolin ; was bom in New York ; was a 
Representative in Congress from that state from 1827 
to 1831. Died at AVatkins, New York, April 5, 1868. 

Magee, Jolin A.; was bom in Perry County, 
Pennsylvania, October 14, 1827; worked in the City 
of Washington as a journeyman printer; was for twen- 
ty years the editor and proprietor of the Perry Counh; 
X)c/ftoerai; was a member of the Legislature in 1863; 
a Delegate to the National Democratic Convention at 
New York in 1868; was elected to the Forty-third 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Patents. 

Magee, Rufus ; was bom at Logansport, Indi- 
ana, October 17, 1845; his early education was ac- 
quired in the common schools; served an apprentice- 
ship in a printing office; took a course in college- 
graduated from the Indiana Law School in Apr 1, 
18 i7 : was admitted to the bar. and engaged in the 
pr.ictice of law at Logansport, Indiana; was, for ten 
yenrs, connected with the press of Indiana as an edi- 
tor and publisher; in 1882 was elected a State Scna- 
tur of Indiana; in March, 1883, was elected President 
of the Senate; served in the State Senate three and 
one-half yeare; in March, 1885, was appointed, by 
President Cleveland. United States Minister Resident 
to ."^wcden and Xorway. 

Magill, Charles ; was appointed by President 
Adams, ou the last day of liis term, in 1801, United 
States Circuit Judge for the Fourth Circuit. 

Maginnis, Martin ; was horu in Wayne County, 
New York, October 27, 1840; removed, with his par- 
ents, to Minnesota; was a student of Hamlin Uni- 
versity, but left to take charge of a newspaper; en- 
listed as a private in the Volunteer Intantry in 1861, 
•svas made Second Lieutenant after the first battle of 
Bull Run; promoted to Captain in 1863; served in 
nearly all the battles of the Army of the Potomac un- 
til 1864, when he was appointed Major of the 
Eleventh Minnesota Volunteers, and ordered to join 
the Army of the Cumberland, where he served until 
mustered out in 1865; removed to Montana the next 
>ear; engaged in mining, and in publishing and edit- 




% 



.^^- 1^ 



;\ 




/^-^-^ ^-^ <'-i>'^^^^ ^^ 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANMALS. 



315 



ing the Helena Dailn Gazrile; was elected a delegate 
fi'om Montana to the Forty-third Congress; was re- 
elected to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, 
Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Magoffin, Beriah ; was Governor of Kentucky 
from 185y to ISGl. 

Magoon, Henry S.; was born in the town of 
Monticello, Lafayette County, Wisconsin, January 
31, 18;!2; entered the Kock Kiver Seminary, at 
Mount Morris, Illinois, in 18-18, and there remained 
most of the time, until June, 1851, devoti'il to classi- 
cal and other studies; in 18,5l entered the Western 
Military College, at Drennon. Kentucky, where he 
graduated in 1853; attended the Jlontrose Law 
School at Frankfort, Kentucky; in 1855 was ap- 
pointed Professor of Ancient Languages in Nashville 
University, Tennessee, where he remained till 1857, 
■when, resigning, he returned to Wisconsin and began 
the practice of law; was elected District Attorney in 
1858; was a member of the State Senate in 1871 and 
1872; was the first native of Wisconsin elected to the 
State Senate or to Congress; was elected to the 
Forty-fourth Congress from the Third District of 
Wisconsin, in 1874. 

Magrath, A. G-.; was Governor of South Caro- 
lina in IHUl and 1865. 

Magruder, Allan B. ; was a native of Kentucky ; 
a lawyer by profession; removed to Louisiana; in 
1805 published " Reflections on the Cession of Louis- 
iana to the United States"; was a Senator in Con- 
gress from that State from 1812 to 1813; lie had col- 
lected materials for a general history of the Indians. 
Died at Opelousas, Louisiana, in April, 1822. 

Magruder, Patrick ; was born in Montgomery 
County, Jlaryland, in 17()8; wivs educated at I'rince- 
ton College; adopted the profession of the law; was a 
Eeprcsentativo in Congress from JIaryland from 1805 
to 1807; was Clerk of the United States House of 
Representatives from 1807 to 1815, performing at the 
same time the duties of Librarian of Congress. 
Died in Petersburg, Virginia, in 1819 or 1820. 

Magruder, Richard B.; was a native of Mary- 
land; studied law, aud became a leading member of 
the bar of Baltimore; was, for many years, a Judge 
of the Supreme Court of the State of Maryland. 
Died in Ualtimore, February 11, 1841. 

Mahon, David "W".; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was appointed a clerk in the ollice of the First 
Auditor in 1812; promoted to the position of Chief 
Clerk in 1853; in 1871 was appointed First xVuditor 
of the Treasury. 

Mahone, "William; was born at Southampton, 
Virginia, in 1827; graduated from the Virginia Mili- 
tary Institute in 1847; bc'Ciime a Civil i:ngineer and 
engaged in railroad construction; served in the Con- 
federate Army from 1861 to 1865, rising to the rank 
of Major-General ; became largely interested in rail- 
roads, and President of a railroad company; was 
elected a Senator of the United States from Virginia 
for the term of sis years from March 4, 1831. 

Mahoney, Peter P.; was born in the City of 
New York, June 25, 1818; was educated in the 
grammar schools of New York City; was engaged in 
the dry goods business for several years; never held 
any publicoQice prior to 1881, when he was elected 
a Representative from New York to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 



Maish, Levi; was born in York County, Penn- 
sylvania, November 22, 1837; received a good aca- 
demic education; took an interest in machinery, and 
devoted much attention to business of that nature; 
participated in the war for the Union, as Lieutenant- 
Colonel, and at the battle of Antietam received a, 
bullet in the right linig, which the surgeons were un- 
al)le to extract; as Colonel commanded at ChancclT 
lorsville, and was wounded in the right hip; soon 
afterwards left the military service; studied law and 
came to the bar in 1864; was elected to the State 
Legi.slature in 1867; in 1872 was appointed, by the 
Legislature, to examine certain county accounts; in 
1874 was elected a Representative from Pennsylxa- 
nia to the Forty-fourth Congress; was re-elected to 
the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Majors, Thomas J.; was born in JetTerson Coun- 
ty, Iowa, June 25, 1841; received an academic edu- 
cation; removed to Nebj'aska in 1860; engageii in 
mercantile pursuits; entered the Union Army in 18(il 
as a First Lieutenant, and served until 1866, rising 
to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel; was a memlier of 
tlie Territorial Council; when Nebraska was admit- 
ted as a State served in the first State Senate, and 
was re-elected, serving until appointed Asscs.sor of 
Internal Revenue, in 1869; held the latter ofiice until 
its abolition by act of Congress; was elected a con- 
tingent member of Congress in 1876 and 1878; was 
elected a Representative from Nebraska to the Forty- 
tifth Congress in the place of ftank Welch, deceased; 
was again elected a contingent member of the Forty- 
sixth Congress. 

Malbone, Francis ; was a Representative in 
I ongress from Rhode Island from 1793 to 1797 ; w a.* 
a Senator in Congress in 1809. Died Jime 4, 1809. 

Mallary, RoUin C; was born in New Haven, 

( 'onnecticut, in 1784; graduated at Middlcbury Col- 
lege in 1805; represented the State of Vermont in 
Congress from 1820 to 1831, and took an acttive part, 
as Chairman of an important committee, in all mat- 
ters appertaining to commerce; was held in the highest 
estimation both t()r his public acts and private vir- 
tues. Died in Baltimore, Maryland, April 16, 1831. 

Mallory, Francis ; was born in Virginia; was a. 
Kcprcscnl:ilivc in Congress from that State from 1837 
to 1839, and ;e';iiu from 1841 to 1843. Died at Nor- 
folk, March 26, 1860. 

Mallory, Meredith; was born in Connecticut; 
wa.s a Representative in Congress ixoni New York 
from 1839 to 1841. 

Mallory, Robert ; was born in JIadison County, 
Virginia, Novemljer 15, 1815; graduated at the L ni- 
versity of Virginia in 1827; removed to Kentucky in 
1839, where he devoted the most of his life to agricul- 
tural pin-suits; was elected a Representative from 
K<'ntucky to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Roads and Canals: re- 
elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, .serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Roads and Canals; 
re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, .serving en 
the Committee on Ways aud Means; was a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia " National Convention " of lf66; 
in 1875 was appointed a Commissioner to the Cen- 
tennial Kxhibition, and was one of the Vice-Presi- 
dents. x)-T.t!/ civ^. /I ^ (tty- 

Mallory, Rufus ; was born in Chenango County, 
New York, June 10, 1831; in 18.55 removed to Iowa, 
where he resided three years; in 1858 settled in 
Oregon, and having studied law, came to the bar in 
18(ji; was soon afterwards elected Prosecuting At- 



316 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



torney for the First Judicial District; in 1862 was 
elected to the State Legislature; after serving one 
session, was appointed Prosecuting Attorney for the 
Third Judicial District, which olfice he held until 
1866; in that year was elected a Kepresentative from 
Oregon to the Fortieth Congress, serving on tlie Com- 
mittees on Mines and Mining, and the Pacific Rail- 
way. 

Mallory, Stephen R.; was born in Nassau 
about 1810; removed to Key West, Florida, when 
young; studied law, and came to the bar in that 
State; was a Delegate to the "Nashville Convention" 
of 1850; was at one time a correspondent for the New 
York Herald; vfos a Senator in Congress from Florida, 
having been elected in 1851, serving continuously, 
by re-election, until 1861; was Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Naval Afl'airs, and a member of the Com- 
mittee on Claims; was expelled March 11, 1861, and 
took part in the Rebellion, as Secretary of the Con- 
federate Navy ; after the Rebellion was arrested as a 
Prisoner of State; was released, on his parole, in 
March, 1866, and in 1867 was pardoned by President 
Johnson. 

Manderson, Charles F.; was born at Philadel- 
phia, Pennsylvania, February 9, 1837; received the 
best scholastic advantages obtainable in that city; in 
18.5.5 removed to Canton, Ohio; studied law, and was 
admitted to tlie bar in 1859; was soon after elected 
City Solicitor, and was re-elected the following year; 
in April, 1861, enlisted a company of volunteer 
troops, and entered the Union Army as its Captain; 
served witli distinguished gallantry in many of the 
most important battles of the war, and was severely 
wounded; was promoted to the rank of Brevet Brig- 
adier-General "for gallant, long-continued, and 
meritorious services during the entire war of the Re- 
bellion"; resigned in 1865, because of di.sability, and 
resumed tlio practice of law at Canton; was elected 
District Attorney, and re-elected; iu 1869 removed 
to Omaha, Nebraska; was President of the State Bar 
Association for two terms; was City Attorney for 
five years; was a member of the State Constitutional 
Convention of 1871 and 1874; was elected a United 
States Senator from Nebraska for the term of six 
years, from Jlarch 4, 1883. 

Maney, George ; was a citizen of Tennessee; in 
188-2 was appoioted United States Minister to Bo- 
livia. 

Mangum, Willie P.; was born in Orange Coun- 
ty, North ("aroliua, iu 1792; graduated at the Uni- 
versity of that State in 1815'; studied law; rose to 
eminence in liis profession; entered into politics; was 
elected to the House of Commons in 1818; in 1819 
was elected a Judge of the Siiperia'- Court; from 1823 
to 1826 .served as a Representative in Congress; was 
a Presidential Elector in 1829; was elected a United 
States Senator in 1831; re-elected iu 1841; re-elected 
for a third term of six years, in 1847, serving from 
1842 to 1845 as President pro tern, of the Senate; in 
1837 received eleven electoral votes for President of 
the United States, and during the administration of 
President Tyler was President of the United States 
Senate; subsequently lived iu retirement at his home 
in North Carolina. Died September 14, 1861. 

Manly, Charles ; was bom in Chatham County, 
North Carolina; graduated at the State University in 
1814; studied law; was Treasurer of the University; 
MT a long time Reading Clerk of the State House of 
Representatives; was Governor of North Carolina 
iVom 1849 to 1851. 



Mann, Abijah, Jr.; was born at Fairfield, Her- 
kimer County, New York, September 24, 1793; re- 
ceived a good common school education, and became 
a teacher in the district scliool in Oneida County ; 
was atterwards a merchant. Postmaster, and Justice 
of the Peace; was elected to the Legislature iu 1827, 
serving by re-elections until 1830; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from 1833 to 1837, during which 
time he served on several Committees, once as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Rules and Orders of tl-.o 
House; in 1837, on returning to his native county, 
was again elected to the Legislature; afterwards re- 
moved to New York City, and declined all official 
employments. Died at Auburn, New York, Septem- 
ber 6, 1868. 

Mann, A. Dudley ; was born in Virginia in 
1805; was appointed Special Minister to negotiate 
commercial treaties with Hanover, Oldenburg, and 
Mecklenburg, in 1845; was accredited to all the Ger- 
man States excepting Prussia for the same object in 
1847; was Commissioner to Hungary in 1849; Minis- 
ter to Switzerland in 1850, and negotiated a recipro- 
cal treaty; was Secretary to General Pierce in 1853, 
and resigned the same year; was Assistant Secretary 
of State; having devoted liimself to the material in- 
terests of the Southern States, he was sent, by the 
Confederate Government, upon a special mission, 
and was afterwards joined with Slidell and Mason to 
represent it abroad. 

Mann, Horace ; was bom in Franklin, Norfolk 
County, M.assachusetts, May 4, 1796; was, in some 
degree, self-educated, but graduated at Brown Uni- 
versity in 1819, where he subsequently held the po- 
sition of Tutor of Latin and Greek; studied law at 
Litchfield, Connecticut; wliile counselor-at-law at 
Dedham, Massachusetts, where he settled in 1826, 
was elected to the State Legislature; removed to Bos- 
ton in 1834, where he was elected to the State Sen- 
ate, chosen President of that body, and also Presi- 
dent of the Massachusetts Board of Education, which 
he was foremost ic founding; also rendered import- 
ant services in behalf of the Normal Schools of Mas- 
sachusetts; was elected a member of Congress from 
1848 to 1853; after that time contmued to be devoted 
to matters connected wath education, having been 
appointed President of Antioch College and the North- 
western Christian University at Indianapolis; he 
wrote much and well, and is remembered as a bene- 
I'actor to his race. Died at Yellow Springs, Oliio, 
August 2, 1859; in 1865 his life was published by his 
widow. 

Mann, Job ; was bom in Bethel Township, Bed- 
ford County, Pennsylvania, March 31, 1795; received 
a common school educiition; in 1816 was appointed 
Clerk to a Board of County Commissioners; two years 
later was appointed Register, Recorder, and Clerk 
for the Courts of Bedford County, all of which posi- 
tions he continued to hold until 1835, when he was 
elected a Representative in Congress, where he served 
one term; in 1839 was admitted to the bar; in 
1842 was ajipointed State Treasurer, which office he 
held for three terms; in 1847 was again elected to 
Congress, where he served until 1851, declining a re- 
election. 

Mann, Joel K..; was bom in Pennsylvania in 
1780; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1831 to 1835. Died in Montgomery Coun- 
ty, Pennsylvania, September 4, 1857. 

Manning, Daniel ; was bom at Albany, New 
York, August Hi, 1831; received an elementary edu- 
cation in the public schools, and at the age of eleven 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



31T 



years entered the otiice of the Albany Argus news- 
paper as office boy; rose through the various grades 
to the post of niauager and, in 1873, became Presi- 
'dent of the Argius Publishing Company; was a 
Director, for Albany City, in the Susquehanna and 
Albany Kailroad; from 1869 to 1872 was a Director 
in the National Savings Bank of Albany; in 1873 be- 
came a Director in the National Commercial Bank of 
Albany; was a member of the Democratic State Con- 
vention of New York in 1874, aud of every subse- 
quent Democratic State Convention until 1884, in 
1876 became a member of the Democratic State Com- 
mittee, and thereafter continued to occupy that 
position; was Secretary of the Democratic State Com- 
mittee of New York in 1879 and 1880, and its 
Chairman from 1881 to 1884; was a Delegate to the 
Democratic National Conventions of 187li, 1880 and 
1884; was Chairman of the Convention in 1880, aud 
Chairman of the New York Delegation to the Con- 
vention of 1884; in 1881 became Vice President, and 
in 1882 President of the National Commercial Bank 
of Albany, New York; was a Park Commissioner in 
the City of Albany from 1873 to 1884; in March, 
1885, was appointed, by President Cleveland,. Secre- 
tary of the Treasury of the United States. 

Manning, James ; was a native of New Jersey ; 
graduated at Nassau Hall in 1762; was one of the 
founders of Brown University; when that institution 
was removed to Provideuce he became iirst President: 
was Pastor of the Baptist Church in that town, and 
continued in the charge of these two offices until his 
death, excepting an interval of six months, in 1785 
and 1786, during which he was a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress. Died in 1791, aged fifty-two 
years. 

Manning, John, Jr.; was born in Edenton, 
North Carolina, July 3, 1830; received his education 
at the University of North Carolina; removed to 
Pittsborough, Nortli Carolina, in 1851, and began tlie 
study of law; was licensed to practice in 1853; was a 
member of the Convention of 1861 ; was elected to 
the Forty-first Congress. 

Manning, John Li.; was born in South Carolina; 
was Governor of that State from 1852 to 1854. 

Manning, Richard, Jr.; was born in Sumter 
District, South Carolina, May 1, 1789; graduated at 
the State College at Columbia in 1811; commanded a 
volunteer company, in the war of 1812 ; was fre- 
quently in the upper and lower houses of the State 
Legislature; was Govern<ir of South Carolina for two 
years from 1824; was a Kepresentative in Congress 
from 1834 to 1836. Died May 1,1836, at Philadel- 
phia, before the expiration of his term, very sud- 
denly, while seated at the table with his family. He 
was greatly respected for his talents and virtues. 

Manning, Van H.; \\ns Iiorn in North Carolina, 
July 26, 1839; removed to .Alississijijji in 1841; re- 
ce ved a classical education; lemoved to Arkansas in 
I860: studied law and was admitted to practice; 
served in the Confederate Army during the war of tlie 
Eebellion, rising to the rank of Colonel; was elected 
a li'epre.sentative IVoni Missis.sippi to the Forty-filth, 
Forty-sixth, aud Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Manson, Mahlon D.; was born in Piqua, Ohio, 
February 20, 1820; received a common school educa- 
tion; engaged in agricidtural and mechanical pur- 
suits, and was a druggist; was a member of the 
Legislature of Indiana in 1851; Captain of Volun- 
teers during the Mexican War; enlisted as a pri%\ate 
during the Rebellion, and became Colonel of the 
Tenth Indiana Infantry, which he commanded at the 



battle of Rich Mountain in 1861; commanded the 
Second Brigade, First Di\ision, Army of the Ohio, 
at the battle of Mill Springs, Kentucky, in 1862; was 
appointed Brigadier-General of Volunteers in 1862; 
was engaged in front of Corinth, Mississippi; com- 
manded the United States forces at the battle of 
Richmond, Kentucky, in 1862; was wounded ancl 
taken prisoner and exchanged in 1862; commanded 
a skirmish with Pegram in March, 1863, and during 
the Morgan raid in Indiana and Ohio in 1863; was 
with Burnside in East Tennessee; was assigned, in 
September, 1863, to the command of the Twenty- 
third Army Corps; was in the siege of Knoxville, 
Tennessee, and various battles in that State; was 
severely wounded at the battle of Resaca, and was 
forced to resign by reason of disabilities resulting 
from woimds received in the service; was elected to 
the Forty-second Congress from Indiana, serving on 
the Committee on Invalid Pensions. 

Manypenny, George W.; was born in Penn- 
sylvania; in 1853 was appointed, from Ohio, Com- 
missioner of Indian Aflairs, retaining the office until 
1857. 

Marable, John H. ; was born in Brunswick 
County, Virginia; was a Representative in Congress 
from Tennessee from 1825 to 1829. 

Marble, Edgar M.; was a resident of Michigan; 
was an Assistant Attorney-General of the United 
States from 1877 to 1880 ; was Commissioner ol 
Patents, in the Department of the Interior, from 1880 

to 1884. 

Marchand, Albert G.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Pennsylvania from 1839 to 1843. Died 
at his residence in Greensburg, Pennsylvania, Feb- 
ruary 5, 1848. 

Marchand, David ; was born in Westmoreland 
County, Pennsylvania; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1817 to 1821. 

Marchant, Henry ; was born at Martha's Vine- 
yard, Massachusetts, April, 1741; graduated at Phila- 
delphia College in 1762; studied law under .Judge 
Trowbridge, of' Cambridge, Massachusetts; practiced 
in Newport, Rhode Island; was Attorney-General ol 
that State from 1770 to 1777; was a member of the 
Assembly; took an active part in the Revolution; was 
Chairman of the Committee to prepare instructions to 
the Delegates in Congress; was a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress fiom 1777 to 1780, and in 1783 
aud 1784, aud an efficient member of various import- 
ant committees; was a member of the Convention to 
adopt the Federal Constitution; from 1790 until hia 
death was Judge of the United States District Court; 
received the degree of LL.D. tiom Yale College in 
1792. Died at Newport, August 30, 1796. 

Marcy, Daniel ; was born in New Hampsliirc, 
November 7, 1809; became a sailor when twelve years 
of age, and at twenty was master of a ship; in 1853 
aud 1854 was a mentber of the New Hampshire Leg- 
islature; in 1856 aud 1857 a State Senator; was sub- 
sequently engaged in the mercantile and ship-build- 
ing business; was elected a Representative from New 
Hampshire to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Revolutionary Pensions and on 
Expenditures in the Navy Department; was a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia "National Union Conven- 
tion " of 1866. 

Marcy, ■WUliam Lamed ; was oorn in Stur- 
bridge, Worcester County, Massachusetts, in 1786; 
graduated at Brown University in 1808 ; tanghi 



:!18 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANXALS. 



school for a while in Newport, Rhode Island; studied 
law, and commenced practice in Troy, New York; 
■was appointed Recorder of that city in 1816; made 
■Comptroller in 1823, and removed to Albany; in 1829 
•was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of the 
■State; was elected to the United States Senate m 
1831 ; resigned in 1833, having served as Chairman of 
the Judiciary Committee; was elected Governor of 
New York in 1833, and re-elected in 1834 and 1836; 
■was Secretary of War under President Polk from 1845 
to 1849, and Secretary of State under President Pierce 
from 1853 to 1857; was a hard-working, careful, plain 
man. and a good scholar; as a statesman and diplo- 
matist he had a reputation of displaying both judg- 
ment and skill, hut his crowning virtue was his 
incorruptible integrity. Died at Balston Spa, New 
Tork, July 4, 1857. 

Mardis, Samuel "W.; was born in Alabama in 
1801 ; was a Reinesentative in Congress from Alabama 
jfrom 1831 to 1835, and was much respected for his 
manly virtues. Died at Talladega, Alabama, Novem- 
ber 14, 1837. 

Marion, Robert; was a native of South Caro- 
lina: a Representative in Congress from that State 
Xrom 1805 to 1810. 

Markbreit, Leopold; was a citizen of Ohio; 
from 1869 to 1373 was Minister Resident to Bolivia. 

Markell, Henry; was born in Montgomery Coun- 
ty, New York; was a Representative in Congress from 
New York from 1825 to 1829. 

Markell, Jacob ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New Y'ork from 1813 to 1815. 

Markham, Henry H.; was bom at Wilming- 
•ton, Essex County, New York, November 16, 1840; 
attended the district school during the winters, and 
•worked on a farm during the summers; completed 
:his education at the Academy of South Hero. Ver- 
mont: in the spring of 1862 emigrated to Manitowoc, 
■Wisconsin; in the fall of that year enlisted in the 
Thirty-second Wisconsin Volunteer Infimtry; re- 
■niaincd with the regiment until February 3, 1805, at 
■which time .he w.is severel,y wounded at Rivers 
Bridge. South Carolina, from which place he was 
returned to Beauport, South Carolina; owing to per- 
manent disabilities, he did not rejoin the regiment, 
and was mustered out with the regiment at Milwau- 
kee. Wisconsin, June 23, 1865; studied law; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in May, 1867, and began the prac- 
■fcice of law at Milwaukee, Wisconsin; in January, 
1879. for the benefit of his health, moved, with his 
family, to Pasadena, Los Angeles County, California, 
■where he engaged in various enterprises; never per- 
jnitted his name to be used for any public position, 
and never held any position of pul>lic trust, prior to 
his election as a Representative from California to 
■the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Markley, Philip S.; was bom in Montgomery 
County. Pennsylvania; was a Representative in Con- 
gress iVom Pennsylvania from 1823 to 18'27, and was. 
in the latter year, appointed Naval Officer for the I'ort 
of Philadelphia. 

Marks, Albert S.; was born in Dariess County, 
Kentucky, in October. 1836; received an academic 
edu<-ation; removed to Winchester. Tennessee, in 
1856: studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
18.58; served in the Confederate Array from 1861 to 
1865, rising to the rank of Colonel ; lost a leg at the 
battle of Murfreesboro and his name wa>i placed on 
•the ■■Roll of Honor"' for gallantry; at the close ol' tl;e 



war resumed the practice of his profession at Win- 
chester; in 1870 was elected one of the Chancellors ot 
the state; in 1878 was re-elected; was Governor of 
Tennessee from 1879 to 1881; he resumed the practice 
of law. 

Marks, 'William; was a Senator in Congress 
from Pennsylvania from 18'25 to 1831, serving afl 
Chairman of the Committee on Enrolled Bills. 

Marling, John L.; was a citizen of Tennessee; 
was appointed Mmister Resident to Guatemala in 
1854; on October 2. 1856, resigned the position and ' 
died on the 10th of the same month. 

Marmaduke, John Sappington ; was bom in 

Saline County. Missouri, in March, 1833; was active- 
ly engaged on his father's farm until seventeen years 
o'f age; then entered Y'ale College where he remained 
two years; left Yale and went to Harvard College; in 
1853 was appointed a cadet at the United States Mil- 
itary Academy, at West Point, New York; graduated 
in 1857 and was commissioned Second Lieutenant in 
the ijnited States Army; in 1860 resigned his com- 
mission and returned to Missouri; in 1861 entered 
the Confederate Army as a Colonel; in 1862 -n^as pro- 
moted to Brigadier-General, and in 1864 to Major- 
General; in October, 1864, was taken jirisoner, and 
was held until after the close of the war, in 1865; en- 
gaged in various bu-siness pursuits ; then entered the 
field of journalism, in which he continued for several 
years: in 1873 and 1874 was Secretary of the Missouri 
State Board of Agriculture ; from 1875 to 1884 was a 
State Railway Commissioner; in the latter year was 
elected Governor of Missouri. 

Marquette, T. M.; was elected a Representative 
from Nebraska to the Thirty-ninth Congress, but did 
not take his seat until the last day of the last session 
of that Congress. 

Marr, Alem ; graduated at Princeton College in 
1807; was a Representative in Congress from Penn- 
sylvania from 1829 to 1831. 

Marr, George W. L.; •was a Representative in 
Congress from Tennessee from 1817 to 1819. 

Marron, John; was born in Ireland; was ap- 
pointed from the Stat« of Georgia a Clerk in the 
General Post Office; became Chief Clerk, and was 
subsequently appointed Third Assistant Postmaster- 
GJeneral. 

Marro-w, John ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1805 and 1809. 

Marsh, Benjamin F.; was born in Hancock 
County, Illinois, November 19, 1837; was elected a 
Representative from Illinois to the Forty-fifth, For- 
ty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Marsh, Charles; was born at Lebanon, Con- 
necticut, July 10, 1765; removed, with his father's 
family, to Vermont before the Revolution; graduated 
at D.artmonth College in 1786; studied law and com- 
menced practice in" Woodstock, Vermont; was, for 
lil'ty years, devoted to his profession, and for a long 
time at the head of the bar in the State; served as a 
member of Congress from 1815 to 1817, and while in 
Washington became identified with the American 
Colonization Society as one of its Ibunders; he ac- 
quired great popularity as a patron of benevolent so- 
cieties generally, and was a highly influential and 
useful citizen. Died at Woodstock, Vermont, Janu- 
ary 11, 1849. The degree of LL.D. was conferred 
upon him by Dartmouth College. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



319 



Marsh, G-eorge P.; was born in Woodstock, 
Vfinuint, .March 15, 1801; was eilucatcd at Dart- 
mouth Collej;e, where he graduated in 1820; after- 
wards removed to Burlington, Vermont, where he 
commenced the study of law, and afterwards made 
that plaee his home; after his admission to the bar, 
came into an extensive practice, and devoted much 
of his time to politics; was a member of the State 
Legislature in 1835; in 1843 took his seat in the 
United States House of Representatives, where he 
«)ntinued until sent as Resident Ifinister to Turkey, 
by President Taylor, in 1849; at this post he rendered 
essential service to the cause of civil and religious 
toleration in the Turkish Empire; was also charged 
with a special mission to Greece in 1852; was well 
known as an author and a scholar; devoted much 
attention to the languages and liter.ature of the North 
of Europe, and his sympathies appeared to be with 
the Goths, whose presence he taaced in whatever is 
great and peculiar in the character of the founders of 
New England; in a work entitled "The Goths in 
New England," he contrasted the Gothic and Roman 
characters, which he ajjpeared to regard as the great 
antagonistic principles of society at the present day ; 
was also the author of a grammar of the old Northern 
Icelandic language, and of various essays, literaiy 
and historical, relating to the Goths and their con- 
nections with America; also the author of an inter- 
esting work on the Camel; also of a work on the En- 
glish language, which occupies a. very high rank ; and 
still another of great merit, entitled " Man and Na- 
ture"; his miscellaneous published addresses and 
speeches are quite numerous; after his return from 
Turkey performed the duties of Commissioner of 
Railroads for the State of Vermont; his library is 
said to have been one of the finest in the country, 
rich beyond compare in Scandinavian literature; in 
1861 was appointed, by President Lincoln, Minister 
to Italy, at which post he remained until his death, 
which occurred at Rome, Italy, July 24, 1882. 

Marshall, Alexander K.; was born in Ken- 
tnckj' ; was a Representative in Congress fronj that 
State from 1855 to 1857. 

Marshall, .Alfred ; served four years in the 
Maine Legislature, namely, 1827, 1828, 1834, and 
1835; wa.s a Representative in Congress from Maine, 
from 1841 to 1843, acting as a member of the Com- 
mittee on the Militia; from 1846 to 1849 was Col- 
lector at Belfast, Maine; was also, for some years, a 
General of the State Militia. 

Marshall, Ed'ward C; was born in Kentucky; 
was a Representative in Congress from California, 
from 1851 to 1853. 

Marshall, Humphrey ; was among the earliest 
pioneers to Kentucky, having Jione there in 1780; 
was a member of the ''Slate Convention " in 1787; 
served for many years in the Slate Legislature: was 
a Senator in Congress from 17i)5 to 1801. He was 
the author of the first puljlished '' History of Ken- 
tucky," and died at an advanced age. 

Marshall, Humphrey ; was born at Fr.inkfort, 
Kentucky, .January 13, 1812; graduated at West 
Point Academy, but resigned his military commis- 
sion of Lieutenant and studied law, which he prac- 
ticed with success; during the ten years preceding 
the Mexican War, and while devoting himself to his 
profession in liOuisville, lie took an active part in 
the military affairs of the State as Captain, Major, 
and Lieutenant-Colonel: served in the Mexican War 
as Colonel of Cavalry, leading the charge of the Ken- 
tuekv Volunteers at Buena Vista in 1847; after de- 



clining sevenal important nominations, he retired to 
a farm; was elected to Congress in 1849 as a Repre- 
sentative, and re-elected in 1851; was appointed, by 
President Fillmore, Commissioner to China, which 
was immediately raised to a first-class mission ; on 
his return was elected a Representative to the Thirty- 
fourth Congress; in 1856 was a member of the ''Am- 
erican National Council," held in New York; in 
1857 was re-elected to Congress, serving as a member 
of the Committee on Military Affairs; took iiart in 
the Rebellion of 1861 as a General of Volunteers. 

Marshall, James ; was one of the earliest set- 
tlers in the District of Columbia, after the removal 
of the Seat of Government; in 1801 was appointed 
Circuit .Tudge of the United States for the District ot 
Columbia. 

Marshall, James W.; was born in Clarke 
(then part of Frederick) County, Virginia, August 
14, 1822; passed several years of liis boyliood in 
Mount Sterling, Kentucky; prepared for College in 
the schools of his native section; graduated at Dick- 
inson College in 1848, and was appointed Adjunct 
Professor in that institution; in 1850 w.is elevated to 
the professorship of ancient languages; was United 
States Consul at Leeds, England, from 1861 to 18G4; 
was First Assistant Postmaster-General from 1869 to 
1877, excepting a brief interval, in 1874, when he 
was temporarily appointed Postmaster-General; 
was then appointed General Superintendent of the 
Railway Mail Service, in which position he continued 
until 1878. 

Marshall, John ; was bom in Fauquier County, 
Virginia, September 24, 1755, and ■« as the eldest of 
fifteen children; had some classical education in his 
youth, but his opportunities for learning were 
limited, and he never entered college, his father, 
Thomas Marshall, being a poor man, but possessed of 
superior talents; at the commencement of the Revo- 
lutionary War he espoused the cause of liberty with 
ardor; in 1776 was appointed Lieutenant, and in 
1777 promoted to the rank of Captain; in 1780 
was admitted to the bar; in 1781 resigned his commis- 
sion and entered upon the practice of his profe.ssion, 
soon rising to distinction; was a member of the 
" Virginia Convention " to ratify the Constitution of 
the United States, and, as such, produced ;i deep im- 
pression ])y his logic and eloquence; also entered the 
Legislature of Virginia, where he was a leader; Presi- 
dent Washington invited him to become Attorney- 
General, and tendered him the mission to France 
after Mr. Monroe's return, both of which honors he 
declined; President Adams appointed him an Envoy 
to France, with Pickering and Gerry, but they were 
not accredited, and he returned to the United States 
in 1798; was a Repre-sentative in Congress in 1799; 
in 1800 was appointed Secretary of War, which office 
he declined; soon afterwards Secretary of State; Jan- 
uary, 31, 1801, upon the nomination of President 
Adams, was confirmed as Chief Justice of the Su- 
preme Court of the United States. He wrote a "Life 
of George Washington," and a "History of the 
.\merican Colonies." Died in Philadelphia, July 6, 
183G. As a Judge he was the most illustrious in 
America, and, for his public service, was ranked by 
many with Washington. He was the ohject of 
universal affection, respect, and confidence, and, in 
every particular, one of the greatest and best of 
men. 

Marshall, Samuel S.; was born in Illinois; 
educ:ited at Cumberland College, Kentucky; studied 
law, and devoted himself to its practice in his native 
State; was elected to the State Legislature in ]84() 



320 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



■was elected, by the Legislature, State Attorney, 
serving two years; iu 1851 was elected a Judge of the 
Circuit Court, in which position he remained until 
1854; was elected to the Thirty -fourth Congress from 
Illinois; was re-elected to the Thirty-lifth Congress, 
and was Chairman of the Committee on Claims; \Tas 
a Delegate to the "Chicago ConventioJi" of 18G4; 
was elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Elections and on Freedmen; was 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia " National Union 
Couvention " of 1866; was re-elected to the Fortieth 
Con.i^rcss, serving on the Judiciary Committee; re- 
elected to the three succeeding Congresses, serving on 
many important Committees; in 1867 received the 
unanimous vote of his party in the Illinois Legisla- 
ture for United States Senator, and in the Fortieth 
Congress, the entire vote of the Democrats for Speaker 
of the House. 

Marshall, Thomas A.; was born near Ver- 
sailles, Kentucky, January 15, 1794; graduated at 
Yale College in 1815; studied law, and entered upon 
the practice in 1816; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Kentucky from 1831 to 1835; was a Judge 
and Chief Justice of the Court of Appeals of Ken- 
tucky for about twenty years; was a Professor of Law 
in the Transylvania College; also served in the 
Legislature of Kentucky; was on the bench as late 
as 1366, and in that year received from Yale College 
the degree of LL.D. Died in Louisville, April 17, 
1871. 

Marshall, Thomas F.; was born in Kentucky 
in 1800; graduated at Yale College; studied law, 
and practiced the profession with success; was, for 
several years, Judge of the Circuit Court of Louis- 
ville; was a Representative in Congress from Ken- 
tucky from 1841 to 1843. Died near Versailles, 
Woodward County, Kentucky, September 22, 1864. 
His abilities were of a high order, and as an orator 
before popular assemblies he had few equals. 

Marshall, Wm. R.; was Governor of Mirmesota 
from 1866 to 1868. 

Marston, Gilman; was bora in Oxford, New 
Hampshire, August 20, 1811; graduated from Dart- 
month College in 1837, and at the Dane Law School 
in 1840; commenced the practice of law in Exeter, 
New Hampshire, in 1841; in 1845 was elected to the 
New Hampshire Legislature, and served four years; 
was a member of the Convention to revise the Con- 
stitution of that State in 1850; was a Representative 
in Congress from New Hampshire from 1859 to 1863, 
serving on the Committees on Elections, and on Mili- 
tary Affairs; in June, 1861, was appointed Colonel 
of the Second Regiment New Hampshire Volunteers, 
which he led at the battle of BuU Run, throughout 
the Peninsula Campaign under MeClellan, at the 
second battle of BuU Ron, and also at Fredericks- 
burg, under Burnside; in 1863 was commissioned a 
Brigadier-General, assigned to the District of St. 
Mary, and attached to the army of the James in 
1864, fighting at Kingsland Creek, Drury's Blutf, 
Cold Harbor, and Petersburg; early in 1865 was 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Mileage, and Military Affairs; on 
the fall of Richmond retired from the army; was one 
of the Representatives designated by the House to 
attend the funeral of General Scott in 1866; was a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1866, and also to the "Soldiers' Conven- 
tion" held in Pittsburg; iu 1870 was appointed Gov- 
ernor of Idaho. 



Martin, Alexander ; was born in Guilford 

County, North Carolina; was educated at Princeton 
College, and devoted much attention to the pursuits 
of literature; was a member of the Colonial Assem- 
bly, and Colonel of a regiment in the Continental 
line, serving at the battles of Brandywine and Ger- 
mantown; was subsequently in the State Senate, 
and was elected Speaker; was elected Governor of 
North Carolina in 1782, and again in 1789, and was 
a member of the Convention which framed the Con- 
stitution of the United States; from 1793 to 1799 was 
United States Senator; in 1793 the degree of Doctor 
of Laws was conferred upon him by Princeton Col- 
lege, and at the time of his death he was a Trustee 
of the University of North Carolina. Died in No- 
vember, 1807. 

Martin, Barclay; was born in South Carolina; 
was a Representative in Congress from Tennessee 
from 1845 to 1847. 

Martin, Benjamin P. ; was bom in Marion 
County, Virginia, October 2, 1828; remained upon a 
farm imtil he became of age; graduated, with hon- • 
ors, at Allegheny College, Pennsylvania, in 1854; 
taught school for eighteen mouths; studied law; was 
admitted to the bar in 1856 and commenced practice; 
in the same year removed to Pruntytown, Virginia 
(now West Virginia); was a member of the State 
Constitutional Convention of West Virginia in 1872; 
was a Delegate to the Democratic National Conven- 
tion of that year; was elected a Representative from 
West Virginia to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth 
Congresses. 

Martin, Charles D.; was born in Ohio; was 
elected a Representative from that State to the Thir- 
ty-sixth Congress, serving on the Committee on In- 
valid Pensions. 

Martin, Daniel ; was a native of Maryland; was 
Governor of that State in 1830. Died iu Talbot 
County, July 10, 1830, before the expiration of his 
term of office. 

Martin, Ed-ward Livingston ; was bom at 
Seaford, Delaware, March 29, 1837; received a col- 
legiate education; studied and practiced law; was 
Clerk of the State Senate; was a Commissioner to 
define the boundary line between Delaware and New 
Jersey; was a Delegate to the Democratic National 
Conventions of 1864, 1872, 1876 and 1880; was 
elected a Representative from Delaware to the Forty- 
sixth and Forty -seventh Congresses. 

Mai-tin, Elbert S.; was bom in Virginia; was 
elected a Representative from that State to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, serving as a member of the Commit- 
tee on Expenditures on the Post Office Department. 

Martin, Francois Xavier; was bom at Mar- 
seilles, Fr,ance, March 17, 1762; emigrated to the 
United States in 1782, and established himself at 
Newbem, North Carolina; taught French; learned 
printing; edited a newspaper, and peddled it through 
the adjoining counties; published school books, al- 
manacs, and translations of French works, etc., 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1789, 
and became distinguished in the profession, at the 
same time pursuing the vocation of printer and pub- 
lisher; was appointed Judge of Mississipiji Territory 
by Jefferson; iu 1813 was Attorney-General of the 
State of Mississippi; in 1815 was made Jndge of 
Supreme Court of Louisiana, and Chief Justice from 
1837 to 1845; published histories of Louisiana and 
North Carolina; "Notes and Decisions in the Superior 
Courts of North Carolina from 1"37 to 1796"; "Acts 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



3-21 



of the North Carolina Assembly from 1715 to 1803'"; 
■' Reports of the Superior Courts of Orleans from 
IS»'J to 181-2"; "Reports of the Supreme Court of 
I ouisiaua from 1813 to 1830 " ; and a "Digest of the 
Territorial and State Laws," in French and Eng- 
lish. Died at New Orleans, Louisiana, December 10, 
1846. 

Martin, Frederick S.; was bom in Rutland 
County, Vermont, April 25, 179) ; after spending his 
early life a.s a sailor on Lake Champlain and at sea, 
settled at Olean, New York, as a hotel keeper and 
merchant; in 1838 was appointed Postma.ster at that 
place; served three years in the State Legislature; 
was a Representative in Congress from New York 
from 1851 to 1854. 

Martin, James S.; was bom in Scott County, 
Virginia, August 19, 18-3G; received a good education; 
removed to Illinois in ISKi; served in the war with 
Me.xico; was Clerk of the Marion County Court for 
twelve years; studied law; was a member of the 
Republican State Central Committee ibr several 
years; entered the army as Colonel in ISfiS, and was 
brevetted Brigadier-General ; was elected County 
Judge of Marion County at iLc close of the war; ap- 
j)ointed Peu.sion Agent in 18()8; was elected to the 
I'orty-third Congress, serving ou the Committee on 
Invalid Pensions. 

Martin, John; was appointed Naval Officer at 
Suubury, Georgia, in 1761; was a member of the 
I'rovincial Congress in 1775, and of the Committees 
oft iiuncil and Safety ; entered the Georgia Continent- 
al line as Captain; was Lieutenant-Colonel in 1781, 
and member of the Legislature from Chatham ('ouu- 
ty; was State Treasurer in 1783; commissioned to 
make a Treaty with the Creek Indians, January, 
1783; was Governor of Georgia from 1782 to 1783. 

Martin, John Jacob; was born in Abbeville, 
South Carolina, in 1820; received a good education 
and studied law, coming to the bar in 1848; served 
as a Captain in the war with Jlexico; was subse- 
quently appointed Secretary of Legation to Peru; re- 
moved to Georgia, where he practiced law from 1853 
to 1861, when he removed to Alabama; was a mem- 
ber of the first Convention which organized the Re- 
publican party in that State; also a member of the 
Constitutional Convention of that State; Delegate to 
the ( hicago Convention of 1868 ; in 1869 was appomted 
Sixth Auditor of the Treasury in Washington, which 
position he resigned in 1875, and was appointed Post- 
master of Montgomery. 

Martin, John L.; was born at Bro^^'ns\■ille, Fay- 
ette County, Pennsylvania, March 10, 1839; received 
a common school education ; at the age of fourteen 
entered the office of the Brownsville Clipper as an ap- 
prentice; in 1857 worked a short time in Pittsburgh, 
Pennsylvania, as a journevman, and then removed to 
Kansas, where he continued in the printing business; 
in 1858 purchased the Squatter Sorerri;/ii newspaper, 
at Atchison. Kansas, and changed the name to the 
Champion; he continued in the proprietorship and 
management of this journal; in 1859 was Secretary 
of the Wyandotte Constitutional Convention, which 
framed the present Constitution of K.ansas; in May 
of that year was a Delegate to the Convention at 
which the Republican party was organize<l; later in 
the same year was elected a State Senator; in 18G0 was 
a Delegate to the Republican National Convention; 
on the admission of the State of Kansas, in 1861, 
served, during one session, as State Senator; resigned 
to accept the Lieutenant-Colonelcy of the Eighth 
Kansas Volunteer Infantry for service in the Union 

21 



. ^\rmy; in Novemlier, 1862, was promoted to Colonel 
of the regiment; in the succeeding month was ap- 
pointed Provost Marshal of Nashville, Tennessee, 
serving for six months; was in the ])riucipal engage- 
ments with the Army of the Tennessee; was in com- 
mand of a brigade at the battle of Chicamauga; com- 
manded a brigade for several months prior to being 
mustered out of service, in November, 18()1; returned 
to Kansas and resumed the mauagemeut of his news- 
paper; was mayor of Atchison, Kansas, in 1865; in 
1868 was elected Commander of the Grand Army of 
the Republic for the District of Kansas; was a Dele- 
gate to the Republican National Conventions of 1868, 
1872 and 1880; was a member of the Republican Na- 
tional Committee from 1868 to 1880, and its Secre- 
tary in 1879 and 1880; was a member of the United 
States Centennial Commission from 1871 to 1876; was 
President of the Kansas Editorial Association in 1878; 
in the same year was elected, by Congress, a member 
of the lioard of Managers of the National Soldiers' 
Ilome, and was re-elected in 1882; in 1684 was elected 
Governor of Kansas. 

Martin, John Mason; was born at Athens, 

Limestone County, Alabama, ,Tanuary 20, 1837; after 
receiving a thorough course in the High School, he 
attended the University of Alalxtma during one term, 
at the close of wliich he withdrew and entered Centre 
College, at Danville, Kentucky, from which institu- 
tion he was graduated in 1856; settled in Tus- 
kaloosa, Alabama; after lea%'ing College he studied 
law and, in July, 1858, was admitted to prac- 
tice in the Supreme Court of Alabama; served in 
the Confederate Anny four years; in 1871 was elected 
State Senator, to till a vacancj'. anil in 1872 was 
elected for a full term: during the latter term was 
elected President y^ro tempore of the Senate; in 1875 
was elected Professor of Eqvtity Jurisprudence in the 
University of Alabama, the term continuing until 
1886; in 1884 was elected a Representative from .Vla- 
bama to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Martin, John P.; was bom in Lee County, Vir- 
ginia, October 11, 1811; removed to Kentucky in 
1828; in 1841 was elected to the Legislature of that 
State, and re-elected the following year; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Kentucky infto. 1845 to 
1847; in 1857 was elected to the Senate of Kentucky, 
which was his last jiublic position. 

Martin, Joseph John ; was bom in Martin 
County, North Carolina, November 21, 1833; received 
an academic education; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to practice in 1859: was County Attorney for 
si.x >cars; in 1868 was elected Solicitor for the Second 
Judicial District for the term of sue years; was re- 
elected in 1874 and sened until nominated for Con- 
gress in 187ii; was a Delegate to the Republican Na- 
tional Convention of 1876; was elected a I\epresenta- 
tive from North Carolina to the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Martin, Joshua Lanier; was born in Tenne- 
see, December 5, 1799; received the advantages of 
such educational facilities as weretlien at command; 
settled in Alabama; studied law; was admitted to the 
bar; engaged in the practice of law and became emi- 
nent in his profession; his first appearance in public 
life was as Representative in the Alabama Legisla- 
ture, in 1822; was subsequently elected, successively. 
Solicitor, Circuit Judge, and Chancellor; in 1835 was 
elected a Representative from Alabama to the twen- 
ty-fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Twenty- 
fifth Congress; in 1845 announced himself an inde- 
pendent candidate for Governor of Alabama, in op- 
position to Colonel Nathaniel Terr)-, the regular 
nominee of his party; he made the canvass on the 



322 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



question of the state credit and, after a contest of re- 
markable brilliancy, was elected, serving until 1847; 
his election resulted in the maintenance of the credit 
of the State unimpaired. He was one of the remark- 
able men of his time, and his favorite motto was, 
' ' Have your heart in the right place. " Died, at 
Tuscaloosa, Alabama, November 3, 1856. He was 
the father of Congressman John Mason Martin. 

Martin, Josiah; was bom April 23, 1737; was 
an Ensign in the Fourth Infantry of North Carolina 
in 1750; Lieutenant-Colonel in 17(i9; was Governor 
of North Carolina from 1771 to 1775; took energetic 
measures to preserve the royal authority in 1775, and, 
April 24th, was obliged to take refuge on board the 
Crtiiscr, from which shij) he issued a proclamation 
August 8th; was on hoard the fleet of Sir P. Parker 
at Charleston, in .June, 177(); was mth Cornwallis at 
the defeat of Gates at Camden, in 1780, but left 
North Carolina on account of ill health, March,, 1781, 
and withdrew to Long Island, and thence to England. 
Died in London, .Tuly, 1786. 

Martin, Luther ; was born in New Brunswick, 
New Jersey, iu 1744; graduated at Nassau Hall in 
1766; taught school for several years in Maryland; 
came to the bar in Virginia, and settled in Accoraac 
County; in 1774 t<iok an active part in opposing En- 
gland; was a member of the "Annapolis Conven- 
tion" of that year; in 1778 was appointed Attorne.y- 
General of Maryland; was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress in 1784 and 1785; Avas a member of 
the Convention which ibi-med the Federal Constitu- 
tion, but was opposed to its adoption, and an el.abor- 
ate speech which he delivered before the Assembly of 
Maryland about the Convention caused considerable 
excitement at the time throughout the country ; he 
acquired distinction by defending Samuel Cliase and 
Aaron Burr, in their celebrated trials; in 1814 was 
appointed Judge of the Court of Oyer and Terminer. 
Died in New York, July 10, 1826. He received the 
degree of LL.D. from Princeton College. 

Martin, Morgan L.; was born in New York; 
vv:is a Delegate to Congress from the Territory of 
Wisconsin from 1845 to 1847. 

Martin, Noah ; was a native of New Hampshire; 
was Governor of that State for two vears from 1852 
to 18.54. 

Martin, Robert N.; was born in Dorchester 
County, Mar\i;md; was a Repi'eseutative in Congress 
from Maryland from 1825 to 1827. 

Martin, 'William D.; was a Judge of the Court 
of Common Pleas; was a Representative in Congress 
from South Carolina from 1827 to 1833; was distin- 
guished for his talents and public usefulness; retired 
to bed slightly indisposed, and was found dead in 
the morning, at Charleston, November 17, 1833, 
aged forty-five years. 

Martindale, Henry C; was born in Berkshire 

County, Jla.ssachnsftts; graduated at Williams Col- 
lege iu 1800; was a Representative in Congress from 
New York from 1823 to 1831, and again from 1833 to 
1835. Died in 1860, aged eighty years. 

Marvin, Dudley ; was a 
necticut, from which place he 
gua. New York, in 1807; was 
and commenced the practice ol 
taiiicd eminence in his professi 
ti\'e in Congress from 1823 to 1 
to Ripley, Chautauqua County 
Congress, serving from 1847 to 
Icy, New York, June 25, 1852, 



native of Lyme, Con- 
removed to Canandai- 
admitted to the bar, 
' law in 1811 ; soon at- 
on; was a Rcpresenta- 
829; in 1814 removed 
was again elected to 
1849. Died at Rip- 
;iged sixty-five years. 



Marvin, James M.; was born in Ballston, Sara- 
toga County, New York, February 27, 1809; passed a 
portion of his boyhood on a farm; received a good 
education; in 1846 was elected to the House of As- 
sembly; was a County Supervisor for three terms; 
in 1862 was elected a Representative from New York 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Territories; was re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, and was made Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Expenses in the Treasury Department; was 
re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Territories. 

Mai-vin, Richard P.; was born in New York; 
served in the Assemhlj' of that State from Chautau- 
qua County, in 1836; was a Rgpresentative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1837 to 1841; in 1855 
was elected a Judge of the Supreme Court; of that 
State. 

Marvin, 'William; was a citizen of Florida; 
was appointed United States Judge for the Southern 
District of that State. 

Mason, Amistead Thomson; was born in 
London County, "Virginia, in 1785; was educated at 
■William and Mary College; was a farmer by occupa- 
tion; a Colonel in the "War of 1812; was a United 
States Senator from Virginia from 1816 to 1817; fell 
in the memorable duel with Colonel McCarty, Feb- 
ruary 6, 1819. 

Mason, Charles ; was born in New York about 
1808; graduated at the head of his class at West Point 
in 1829; entered the Engineers, but resigned Decem- 
ber 3, 1831; practiced law at Newburg, New York, 
from 1832 to 1834; in New York City from 1834 to 
1836; Birrlington, Iowa, from 1847 to 1853, and again 
from 1858 to 1859: and at Washington from 1860; 
was Acting Editor of the New York Evening Post in 
1837 and 1838; Chief Justice of the Superior Courtof 
Iowa from 1838 to 1847; Commissioner to draft a 
Code of Laws for the State of Iowa in 1848; Judge of 
Des Moines County Court in 1851 and 1852; United 
States Commissioner of Patents from 1853 to 18.57. 

Mason, George ; was born at Doeg's Neck, 
Fairfax County, Virginia, in 1726; was a Statesman 
of the Revolution; in 1769 drew up the Non-impor- 
tation Resolutions, which were presented by Wa,sh- 
ington in the Virginia Assembly and unanimously 
adopted; ^vrote a tract against British taxation, and 
presented a series of twenty-lour resolutions in 
which he recommended a Congress of the Colonies; 
these were sanctioned by the Virginia Convention, 
and adopted by the First Congress; was a member of 
the Virginia Legislature, and in 1776 drafted the 
Declaration of Rights and Constitution of Virginia, 
and was known as the "' Father of States' Rights "; 
was a member of the Committee of Safety; in 1777 
was a Delegntc to the Continental Congress; in 1787 
was a member of the Convention to frame the Fed- 
eral Constitution, and favored the election of the 
President by the people; was opposed to the clause 
in the Constitution prohibiting the abolition of 
slavery, which he considered a great evil and a 
source of natural weakness ; refused to sigu the in- 
strument, and, with Henry, objected to its ratifica- 
tion by the State; was' elected fii-st United States 
Senator from Virginia but declined, and retired to 
private life. Died at his e.state, " Gunston Hall," 
on the Potomac, October 7, 1792. 

Mason, James B.; was a member of the Rhode 
Island House of Representatives for many years, and 
for a iiart of the time was Speaker; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Rhode Island from 1815 
to 1819. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



323 



Mason, James M.; was born on Analostan 
Island, Fairfax i 'uunty, Mrgiuia, November 3, 1798; 
received a good educiition, and graduated at the 
University of Pennsylvania in 1818; studied Law at 
the College of William and Mary, and obtained a 
license to practice in 1820; in 1826 was elected to 
the House of Delegates, and twice re-elected ; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1S33; was a Representiitive 
in Congress from 1837 to 1839; in 1847 was elected a 
Senator in Congress in the place of Senator Penny- 
backer, and re-elected in 1849, in which position he 
continued until 1861, having for several sessions 
been Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Rela- 
tions; took part in the Rebellion of 1861; went to 
England as a Minister of the Confederate Govern- 
ment; was captured "by the San. Jacinto, inii)iis<)ned 
in Fort Warreu, and after his release took up his 
residence in Europe; was expelled from the Senate iu 
July, 1861 ; his term would have expired in 1863; dur- 
ing his absence in Europe his home at Winchester was 
destroj'ed by fire; after his return he lived in retii-e- 
ment and poverty. Died near Alexandria, Virginia, 
April -^8, 1871. 

Mason, Jeremiah ; was bom at Lebanon, Con- 
necticut, April 27, 1768; destined for professional 
life, he entered Yale College, and, after graduating 
in 1788, entered upon the study of law, and acquired 
the reputation of being profoundly learned in com- 
mon law; went to Vermont, and was admitted to the 
bar of that State, but subsequently removed to 
Portsmouth, New Hampshire, where he became the 
friend of Daniel Webster, who always spoke of him 
in extravagant terms of praise; in 1802 was appoint- 
ed Attorney-General of the State, and from 1813 to 
1817 was a Senator in Congress; resigned for the pur- 
pose of devoting himself to his profession ; removed 
to Boston in 1832, and on reaching the age of seventy 
left the bar, though he was consulted as chamber 
counsel to the close of his life; an edition of his 
"Life and Letters" was published for private circu- 
lation in 1875. Died at Boston, November 14, 1848. 

Mason, John C; was born in Kentucky; was 
elected a Representative from that State to the Thirty- 
fifth Congress, and was Chairman of the Committee 
on Accounts. 

Mason, John Thomson; was bom at Mont- 
pelier, Washington County, Maryland, in May 1815; 
graduated at Princeton College in 1836; read law in 
Hagerstown, and was admitted to the bar in 1838; 
the same year was elected a member of the Legisla- 
ture of Maryland, and re-elected in 1839; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1841 to 1843, being at 
that time the youngest man in Congress; in 1851 was 
elected by the people, under the new Constitution of 
the State, a .ludge of the Court of Appeals, which 
position he filled until 1857, when he resigned, and 
was appointed Collector of the port of Baltimore. 
Died at Annapolis, March 28, 1873. 

Mason, John T.; was born at (jreensville, Sus- 
sex County, Virginia, April 18, 1799; graduated at 
the University of North Carolina in 1816, from which 
institution he received the degree of LL.D. ; adopted 
the profession of the law, and was a Federal .ludgc of 
the Eastern District Coui-t of Virginia; Judge also of 
the General Court of Virginia; served about ten 
years in the State Legislature ; was a Representative 
in Congress from Virginia from 1831 to 1837; was a 
Delegate to the Conventions of 1828 and 1849 for re- 
vising the State Constitution; a member of President 
Tyler's Cabinet as Secretary of the Navy ; a member 
of President Polk's Cabinet, first as Attorney-Gen- 
eral, and seconiUy as Secretary of the Navy; was 



subsequently President of the James River and 
Kanawha Company; was appointed, by Presiilent 
Pierce, Minister to France, in which positiop he was 
continued by President Buchanan; Died iu Paris, 
of Apoplexy, October 3, 1859. 

Mason, Jonathan; was born in 1757; gradu- 
ated at Princeton College in 1774; was a Senator of 
the United States from Massachusetts from 1800 to 
1803, and a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1817 to 1820, when he resigned. Died at 
Boston November 1, 1831. 

Mason, Joseph ; was born at Plattsburg, New 
York, March 30, 1828; removed to Hamilton, New 
York, in 1840; received an academic education; 
studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1849; was 
County .ludge of Madison County from 1861 to 1868; 
was Collector of Internal Revenue from 1871 to 1876; 
was elected a Representative from New York to the 
Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Mason, Moses; was a County Commissioner 
from 1831 to 1834; a Representative in Congress 
from Maine from 1834 to 1837; subsequently a mem- 
ber of the .State Executive Council. Died at Bethel, 
June 25, 1866, aged seventy -five years. 

Mason, Samson ; was bom in Ohio; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from that State from 1835 to 
1843; was afterwards a member of the Convention 
which formed the State Constitution. 

Mason, Stevens Thomson ; was bom in 
Chapawansic, Stafford County, Virginia, in 1760; 
educated at William and Mary College ; was a lawyer 
by profession; an oflScer in the Revolutionary War, 
attaining to the rank of General; was a member of 
the Virginia House of Burgesses; a Presidential 
Elector in 1792; a Senator of the United States from 
Virginia from 1794 to 1803; a member of the Conven- 
tion to form the Constitution of Virginia; a member 
of the State Legislature. Died in 1803. 

Mason, William; was bom iu Connecticut; 
served in the Legislature of New York from Chenan- 
go Cotmty, from 1820 to 1822; was a Representative 
in Congress from that State from 1835 to 1837. 

Masters, Josiah; was born in Woodbury, Con- 
necticut, October 22, 1763; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1784, soon after which he removed to Schagh- 
ticoke, Rensselaer County, New York, which was 
thereafter his place of residence; was a prominent 
member of the State Legislature in 1792, 1800, and 
1801, when he was appointed Associate Judge of 
K'ensselaer County; from 1805 to 1809 was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress; in 1808 was chosen first Judge 
of the Court of Common Pleas of the County, which 
office he held until his death; was a zealous sup- 
porter of the general measures against Great Britain 
during the war of 1812, yet opposed, with great 
earnestness, in several able speeches, the embargo, 
non-intercourse, and other commercial restrictions: 
he numbered among his personal friends such pa- 
triots as Jefferson, Randolph, Madison, Clay, etc., 
and was a coadjutor and adviser of De Witt Clinton 
in the system of internal improvements which gave 
to New York the rank of the Empire State. Died 
June 30, 1822. 

Mathe-ws, James; was born in Ohio; wa.s a 
Representative in Congress from that State, from 
1841 to 1845. 

Mathe'ws, Vincent; was bom in Orange 
County, New York. June 29, 1766; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1790; settled near El- 



3*24 



BIOGKAFHICAL ANNALS. 



mira, Tioga County; was elected a State Representa- 
tive in 17!)3; in 179G was chosen a State Senator; in 
1798 was elected a commissioner to settle certain 
claims for bounty land; from 1809 to 1811 was a Eep- 
resentative in Congress; in 1812 was appointed Dis- 
trict Attorney for a number of counties in Western 
New York; in 1816 removed from Elmira to Bath, 
and thence to Rochester, pursuing the practice of 
his profession, in different places, for no less a period 
than filty-six years; toward the close of his life served 
again in the Assembly of the State, and was District 
Attorney for Monroe County; the College of Geneva 
conlerred upon him the degree of Doctor of Laws 
when he was nearly seventy-live years of age. Died 
at Rochester, August 23, 1846. 

Mathewson, Elisha ; was at dillerent periods 
a member of the General Assembly of Rhode Island; 
once Speaker of the House; was a Senator in Congress 
fi-om that State from 18U7 to 1811. Died at Scituate, 
Rhode Island, October 14, 1853, aged eighty-six 
years. 

Mathiot, Joshua ; was born in Ohio; was a 

Repiesentative in Congress from that State from 1841 
to 1843. Died July 30, 1849, at Newark, Ohio. 

Matlack, James; was born in Gloucester 
County, New Jersey; was a Representative in Con- 
gress 'from that State from 1821 to 1825. Died at 
Woodbury, in the same State, January 15, 1840. 

Matlack, Timothy ; was bom at Haddenfield, 
New .lersey, in 1730; was an active patriot in the 
Revolution; was one of the Society of Free Quakers; 
was a member of the General Committee of Safety ; 
was Colonel of a Pennsylvania Battalion, and did 
good service; was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress from 1780 to 1781; was many years " Master of 
the Rolls," and resided at Lancaster a long time; 
was afterwards Register of one of the Philadelphia 
Courts. Died at Holmesburg, Penn.sylvania, April 
15, 1829, and although ninety-nine years of age re- 
tained his faculties to a remarkable degree. 

Matson, Aaron; was bom in Plymouth, Mas- 
sachusetts; was for many years Judge of Probate in 
Cheshire County, New Haiupshu-e; was a State 
Councilor from 1819 to 1821; a Representative in 
Congress from New Hampshire, from 1821 to 1825. 
Died at Newport, Vermont, July 18, 1855, aged 
eighty-five years. 

Matson, Oourtland C; was bom at Brookville, 

Indiana, April 25, 1841; graduated at Asbury Uni- 
versity, Indiana; enlisted in tlie Union Army at the 
breaking out of the Rebellion, and served until it* 
suppression in 1865, rising to the rank of Colonel; 
after the close of the war studied law, and commenced 
to practice at tJieeucastle, Indiana; served three 
terms as Prosecuting Attorney; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Indiana to the Forty-seventh Con- 
gress, and was re-elected to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Matteson, Joel A.; was Governor of Illinois 
tioni 1853 to 1857. Died in Chicago, January 31, 
1874. 

Matteson, Orsamus B. ; was born in Ne\\ 
Yorlc; was elected a Representative fi-om that Statr 
to the Thirty-first, Tlm-ty-third, Thirty-fourth, and 
Thirty-fifth Congresses. 

Matthews, George; was born in Augusta 
County, Virginia, in 1739; led a voluuteer company 
against the Indians at the age of twenty-two, ami 
distinguished himself at the battle of Point Ple,asant 



in 1774 ; was Colonel of the Ninth Virginia Regiment 
in the Revolution, and was engaged at Brandywine 
and at Germantown, where he was made prisoner 
after receiving nine bayonet wounds; was confined 
on board a prison-ship in New York Harbor, and was 
not exchanged until December 5, 1781, when he 
joined Greene's Army as Commander of the Third 
Virginia Regiment; in 1785 removed, with his family, 
to a tract of land on Broad River, Oglethorpe County, 
Georgia; was a Repiesentative in Congress from 1789 
to 1791; afterward Brigadier-Genjral of Georgia Mili- 
tia; was Governor of Georgia in 1780, and from 1793 
to 1796; was authorized, by the President, January 
20, 1811, to take possession of West Florida, and 
captured Amelia Island. Died at Augusta, Georgia, 
August 30, 1812. 

Matthe-ws, Henry Mason ; was born in Green- 
brier County, Virginia, in 1834; graduated ti'om the 
University of Virginia, and commenced the practice 
of law in his native county, in 1857; was, for several 
years, a Professor in Allegheny College, Pennsylva- 
nia ; was a Major of Artillery in the Confederate 
Army during the Civil War; at the close of the war 
was elected a State Senator, but could not qualify ; 
was a member of the State Constitutional Convention 
of West Virginia in 1871 ; was elected Attorney-Gen- 
eral of the State in 1872; was elected Governor m 
1876, and served four years. Died at Lewisburg, 
West Virginia, April 29, 1884. 

Matthe'ws, John ; was a Revolutionary patriot 
of South Carolina; was first Speaker of the House of 
Representatives of that State after the dissolution of 
the Royal Government in 1776; the same year was 
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court; from 1778 to 
'1782 was a Delegate to the Continental Congress; was 
a member of the Committee to visit the Army, and 
also of the Committee to confer with the Pennsylva- 
nia Line of the army which had mutinied; was Gov- 
ernor of South Carolina from 1782 to 1783; in 1784, 
on the establishment of the Court of Equity, was ap- 
pointed one of the Judges. Died at Charleston, No- 
\ ember, 1802, aged fii'ty-eight years. 

Matthews, Stanley ; was born at Cincinnati, 
i)hio, July 21, 1824; received an academic education 
and graduated at Kenyon College in 1840; studied 
law, and ijracticed in Cincinnati; in 1851 was elected 
ludge of the Court of Common Pleas of Hamilton 
County, and resigned in 1853; was elected State Sen- 
;itorin 1853; was appointed United States District 
Attorney in 1858, and resigned in 1861; in 1861 en- 
tered the Union Army as Lieutenant-Colonel and 
became a Colonel; in 1863 was elected Judge of the 
Superior Court of Cincinnati, and resigned in ]8(;4; 
was a Presidential Elector in 1864 and 1868; was 
defeated for Congress in 1876 by 75 votes; was elected 
a Senator in Congi'ess to fill the vacancy caused by 
the resignation of John Sherman, and served from 
^larch, 1877, to March, 1879; in 1881 was appointed 
a Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. 

Matthews, 'Williain; was a Representative in 
t'ongress from Maryland from 1797 to 1799. 

Mattocks, John; was born in Hartfonl. Con- 
necticut, in 1776; removed to Peacham, Vermont; 
was, for many years, distinguished as a successful 
lawyer ; held various public trusts ; was, for two 
years. Judge of the Supreme Court of Vermont; was 
a Representative in .Congress from 1821 to 1825, and 
from 1841 to 1843; was Governor of the State one 
year, declinin^; a re-election to that oifice. Died .-it 
Peacham, Vermont, August 14, 1847. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



■Jf2-> 



Mattoon, Bbenezer ; was bom in Amherst, Mas- 
sachusetts, August 19, 1755; graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 1776; In 1797 was a Presidential Elector; 
was a Major in the War of 1812; Sheriff of Hamp- 
shire; was a Representative in Congress from Massa- 
chusetts from 1801 to 1803, having succeeded L. Ly- 
man, resigned; in 1816 was chosen Adj utant-Gentu-al 
of ililitia. Died in Amherst, September 11, 1813, 
aged eighty-eight years. 

Maul, Joseph; was Acting Governor of Dela- 
ware in 1840, having previously been elected Lieu- 
tenant-Governor. 

Maurice, James ; was bom in New York; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1853 
to 1855. 

Maui'y, Abraham P.; was a Represenfcitive in 
Congress from Tennessee, from 1335 to 1839. Died 
at his residence, in Williamson County, Tennessee, 
July 2:2, 1818. 

Maury, ■William A.; was a resident of Virginia; 
in 1882 was appointed an Assistant Attorney-General 
of the United States. 

Maxey, S. B.; was bom in Monroe County, Ken- 
tucky, March 30, 1825; was educated therein private 
schools until seventeen years of age; in 1842 entered 
as a Cadet at West Point, and graduated in 1840; 
joined the Seventh Regiment of the United States 
Infantry at Monterey, Mexico, as brevet Second 
Lieutenant; in 1847 received brevet as First Lieuten- 
ant for services at Contreras and Cherubusco; served 
through the Mexican war, and resigned in 1819; re- 
turned to Kentucky; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1850; removed to Texas in 1857; in 
1861 was elected State Senator for four years; de- 
clined to serve, and raised the Ninth Texas Infantry 
for the Confederate service, and was made Colonel; 
was Brigadier-General in 1862, Major-General in 
1864; commanded the District of the Indian Terri- 
tory from 1863 to the close of the war, and was also 
Superintendent of Indian Affairs; resumed the prac- 
tice of law ; in 1874 was elected United States Sen- 
ator from Texas ; was re-elected for the term ending 
in 1887. 

Maxey, Virgil; was born at Attleborough Mas- 
sachusetts; studied law with R. G. Harper, of Mary- 
land, and settled in that State, where he soon 
became eminent in his profession ; was a member of 
both houses of the Legislature; Solicitor of the United 
States Treasury, and Charge <V Affaires to Belgium; 
published '"Compilation of the Laws of Maryland 
from 1692 to 1809," 4 vols. Svo, 1809; "Oration be- 
fore the Phi Beta Kappa Society," in 1833. Was 
killed February 28, 1844, on board the United States 
steamer Princeton, by the explosion of one of her 
guns. 

Maxwell, Augustus E.; was born in Klberton, 
Georgia, September 21, 1820; received the benefit of 
country schools in Alabama, and graduated at the 
University of Virginia; studied law; removed to 
Florida; in 1847 was elected to the Assembly of that 
State; was Secretary of State in 1818; a State Senator 
in 1849; was a member of Congress from 1853 to 
1857, refusing a re-nomination, and in 1857 was ap- 
pointed, by President Buchanan, Navy Agent at 
Pensacola, Florida; in 1866 was appointed President 
of the Pensacola and Montgomery Railroad. 

Max'well, George C; was a native of New 
Jersey; graduated at Princeton College in 1792; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State, from 
1811 to 1813. 



Maxwell, J. P. B.; was bom in New Jeisoy in 
1805; graduated at Princeton College in 1823; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1827; was a 
Representative in Congress from 1837 to 183i). and 
again fronr 1841 to 1843. Died at Belvidero, New 
Jersey, November 14, 1845. Was a candidate for 
election to the Twenty-sixth Congress, and althon^li 
he came with the great seal of big State, was not ad- 
mitted. 

Maxwell, Lewis ; was a native of Virginia; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1827 to 1833. 

Maxwell, Thomas ; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York, from 1829 to 1831. 

May, Hem:y ; was born in the District of Co- 
lumbia; received a liberal education; adopted the 
profession of the law; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Maryland from 1853 to 1855; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress; was ap- 
pointed, by President Pierce, to visit Mexico on busi- 
ness witli the "Gardiner Claim," and during the Re- 
bellion \oluntarily went to Richmond on a peace 
mission, but was unsuccessful. Died in Baltimore, 
September 25, 1863. 

May, William L.; was born in Kentucky ; was 
a Representative in Congress from Illinois from 1835 
to 1839. 

Mayall, Samuel ; was born in Maine; served in 
the State Legislature in 1845, 1847, and 1848; was a 
Representative in Congress from Maine from 1853 to 
1855. 

Maybury, "William O.; was bom at Detroit, 
Michigan, November 21, 1848; was educated at the 
University of Michigan, from which institution he re- 
ceived the degrees of Bachelor of Laws and Master of 
Arts; began the practice of law at Detroit in 1871; 
was elected City Attorney in 1875, and served four 
years; was elected a Representative from Michigan to 
the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Mayer, Charles P.; was born in Maryland; at- 
tained a high position at the bar of Maryland, as 
well as Judge of the Court of Appeals at Annapolis, 
and as a Judge of the United States. Died in Balti- 
more, January 3, 18ti4, aged about sixty-seven 
years. 

Mayham, S. L.; was born in Blenheim, Scho- 
harie County, New York, October 8, 1825; received 
an academic education; studied law, and came to the 
bar in 1848; in 1857 was elected Supervisor of Blen- 
heim, and was re-elected three times; in 1859 was 
elected District Attorney for Schoharie County, for 
three years; was a member of the State Assembly in 
1863; in 1868 was elected a Representative from New 
York to the Forty-first Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Expenses in the Post Office Department; 
was again a Representative in the Forty-tilth Con- 
gress. 

Maynard, Horace ; was born in Westborough, 
Massachasetts, August 30, 1814; graduated at Am- 
herst College in 1838; soon afterwards emigrated to 
Tennessee; entered the University of East Tennessee 
as a tutor, and subsequently received the appoint- 
ment of Professor of Mathematics in that institution; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1844; 
acquired an extensive practice in his profession; held 
a number of local offices in his adopted State; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1852; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Teimessee to the Tliirty-lit'th Con- 
gress; during the first session of that Congress v.i'jj 



326 



BIOGRAPHICAL A^■^"ALS. 



Chairman of the Special Committee to investigate the 
accounts of William Culloni, late Clerk of the House 
of Representatives, and was a member of the Com- 
mittee on Claims; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving on the same Committee; also re- 
elected to the Thirty- seventh Congress; for his 
loyalty during tlie troubles of ISlil, his properly was 
eonliscated, and he and his family were driven from 
Eastern Tennrssee; was a Delegate to the "Balti- 
more Convent. on" of 1864; after the close of the Re- 
bellion, in ltJ65, was elected a Representative from 
Tennessee to the Thirty-ninth Congress, but was 
not admitted to his seat until near the end of the 
first session ol' that Congress; was made Chairman of 
the Committee on Southern Railroads, and placed on 
the Committee on the District of Columbia; was also 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of ISUCi; re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on "Ways and Means; was 
President of the " Border State Convention," held in 
Baltimore in 1S67; was also elected to the Forty- 
second and Forty-third Congresses; in March, 1875, 
was appointed, by President Grant, Minister Resi- 
dent to Turkey; during his last term in Congress was 
Chairman of the Committee on Banking; in 1880 re- 
signed the post of Minister and returned home; in 
August of that year was appointed Postmaster-Cien- 
eral, and served in that position until March, 1881. 
Died May 3, 1882. 

Maynard, Isaac H.; was born at Bovina, Dela- 
ware County, New York, April 9, 1838; his early ed- 
ucation was obtained in the common schools; he then 
attended Stamford Seminary from 1854 to 18.58, and 
Amherst College, Massachusetts, from 1858 to 1862; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in Novem- 
ber, 1863; commenced the practice of law at Delhi, 
New York, immediately afterward; removed to Stam- 
ford, in the same county, in June, 1865, and con- 
tinued the practice of his profession; in 1869 was 
elected a Supervisor of the town; in 1870 was re- 
elected and was chosen Chairman of the Board; in 
the same year was elected the first President of the 
newly incorporated village of Stamford; was nine 
times, successively, re-elected ; in 1875 was elected a 
Representative in the State Legislature; was re- 
elected in 1876; in 1877 was elected County Judge 
and Surrogate of Delaware County, and served six 
years; in 1883 was a candidate for Secretary of State 
of New York, but was defeated; in January, 18S4, 
was appointed First Deputy Attorney-General of the 
State of New York, and served until June, 1885, 
when he was appointed, by President Cleveland. Sec- 
ond Comptroller of the Treasury of the United States. 

Maynard, John ; was a resident of New York; 
graduated at Union College in 1810; studied law and 
commenced practice at .'Seneca Falls; then rt'niu\edto 
Auburn; was a Representative in Congress from New 
York from 1827 to 1829, and gave a zealous support 
to the administration of Mr. Adams; was subse- 
quently a member of the New York Senate for four 
years; was again a member of Congress from 1841 to 
1843; was Judge of the Supreme Court of New York; 
from January, 1850, was a Judge of the Court of 
Appeals. Died in Auburn, New York, March 24, 
1850. 

Mayo, Robert M.; was born in Westmoreland 
County, Virginia, April 28. 1S36; was educated at 
the Virginia Military Instimte, graduating there- 
from in 1857; studied law, aud was admitted to the 
bar in 1860; was a Colonel in the Confederate Army 
during the Civil War; was elected a Representative 
in the State Legislature in 1881; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Virginia to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress by a plurality of one vote. 



Majrrant, WiUiam ; was a native of Souih 
Carolina; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State during the years 1815 and 1816. 

McAdoo, William ; was born in County Done- 
gal, Ireland, October 25, 1853; emigrated, with his 
parents, to the United States at an early age, and 
settled at Jersey City, New Jersey; received a com- 
mon school education; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1874; engaged in practice at Jereey 
City; was, for some years. Counsel to a local Board; 
was a Representative in the State Legislature in 
1882; was elected a Representative from New Jersey 
to the Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

McAfee, Robert B.; was born in Mercer Coun- 
ty, Kentucky, 1784; was appointed Captain in R. M. 
Johnson's Regiment of Kentucky Volunteers, under 
General Harrison, at the Battle of the Thames; was 
Lieutenant-Ciovemor of Kentucky from 1820 to 1824; 
('hnrge d'AJfaires to Colombia from 1835 to 1837; 
author of ' ' Histor v of the Late War in the Western 
Country," in 1816^ 

McAllister, Archibald ; was bom in Dauphin 
County, Pennsylvania, in 1814; settled in Blair 
County; was, for thirty-three years, engaged in the 
manutacture of iron; in 1862 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Military Af- 
fairs. Died July 18, 1883. 

McAllister, Matthew Hall ; was bom in Savan- 
nah, Georgia, November 26, ISOd; was a prominent 
lawyer; was appointed United States District Attor- 
ney for Georgia, a post held by his father during the 
administration of Washington ; was, for some years. 
Mayor of Savannah; was an opponent to Nullifica- 
tion in 18:;2; was a member of the Legislature in 
1835 ; was a State Senator for five years, and caused the 
e.stablishment ol'the Court of Errors; emigrated, with 
his family, to California in 1850; from 18.55 to 1862 
was United .States Circuit Judge of that State; was 
the author of a Eulogy on President Jackson, and a 
volume of legal opinions published by his son: re- 
ceived the degree of LL.D. from Columbia College. 
Died at San Francisco, California, December 19, 
1865. 

McArthur, Arthur; was born in Scotland: 
settled in Wisconsin; was Lieutenant-Governor of 
that State in 1856; was elected to a Judgeship in 
that State, which position he held until 18611; in ]87(' 
was appointed one of the Justices of the Supreme 
Court of the United States for the District of Colum- 
bia. 

McArthur, Duncan; was born in Dutchess 
County, New York in 1772; when eight years of age 
removed, with his father, to I'.'unsylvania; at the 
age of eighteen volunteered in delense of the frontier 
settlements of Ohio against the Indians ; studied sur- 
veying, and acquired great wealth in the business of 
bujoug and selling lands, in addition to surveying 
them; in 1805 he was a member of the Legislature; 
in 1806 was appointed Colonel, and in 1808 Major- 
General of the State Militia , performed valuable ser- 
vices during the War of 1812, in which he held a 
General's commission, and although elected to Con- 
gress in 1812, declined leaving his command; in 1815 
was again a member of the Legislature ; in 1816 was 
appointed Commissioner to conclude Treaties with 
the Indians; from 1817 to 1819 was in the Legisla- 
ture; was Speaker of the House in 1817; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress Irom Ohio from 1823 to 1825; 
in 1830 was chosen Governor of the State, which 



lilULiKAlMllCAL ANNALS. 



327 



position he held until 183:!; while in that office met 
with an accident, from the effects of which he nevfer 
recovered. 

McBride, James ; was a citizen of Oregon; was 
appointed Minister Resident to Hawaii in 1863; re- 
turned to the United States in 1866. 

McBride, John R.; was born in Franklin Coun- 
ty, Jlissouri, August 32, 1832; emigi-ated to Oregon 
in 1846; in 1854 was chosen Superintendent of Com- 
mon Schools; studied law, and came to the bar in 
18.".."); in 1867 was a Delegate to the Convention 
which formed the Oregon State Constitution; was 
chosen to the State Senate for four years after its 
adoption; in 1862 was elected a Representative from 
Oregon to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Indian Aftaii-s; was subsequently ap- 
pointed Chief Justice of the IJuited States Court for 
the Territory of Idaho. 

McCaleb, Theodore H.; was a citizen of 

Louisiana, residing at New Orleans; in 1812 was ap- 
pointed United States Judge for the two Districts of 
Louisiana. 

McCalla, John ; was born in Virginia; in 184.) 
was appointed Second Auditor of the Treasury, re- 
maining in office until 1849. 

McCalmont, Alfred B.; was a native of Penn- 
sylvania; was educated for the bar; in 1859 was ap- 
pointed the First Assistant Attorney-General of the 
United States, aud remained in office until 1861. 

McCalmont, John S.; was born at Franklin, 
Venango County. Pennsylvania, April 28, 1822; was 
educated at the village schools, a private Latin 
school, Allegheny College, aud the United States 
Military Academy at West Point. New York, gradu- 
ating from the latter institution in the class of 1842; 
was commissioned Second Lieutenant United States 
Army, and assigned to the Eighth Regiment United 
States Infantry; resigned in 1843; read law; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1845; was Deputy Attorney- 
CJeneral for Clarion. McKean. aud Elk Counties, 
Pennsylvania, from 1845 to 1847; was a Representa- 
tive in the State Legislature in 1849 and 1850, serv- 
ing as Speaker during the latter year; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1852; in 1853 was appointed Presi- 
dent Judge of the Eighteenth District of Pennsylva- 
nia, and was elected for a full term often years; re- 
signed in 1861 to take command of the Tenth Regi- 
ment Pcnnsyhania Reserve Volunteers; resigned liis 
commission as Colonel May 9, 1862; in April, 1885, 
was appointed Commissioner of Customs in the Unit- 
ed Sfcites Treasury Department. 

McCandless, Wilson ; was born in Pittsbui!;li, 
Pennsylvania, about the year 1811; was educated at 
the Western University; studied law and came to 
the bar in 1831; practiced his profession in Pitts- 
burgh for more than twenty-live yeai-s; in 1859 was 
appointed United States District .Judge for Western 
Pennsylvania; in early life devoted .some attention to 
politiis; later was identified with many of the local 
interests of his city and State, and as a Mason and a 
churchmau as,sisted many benevolent institutions; 
from Union College he received the degree of Doc'tor 
of Laws. 

McCarthy, Dennis ; was born in the village of 
Salina, now within the limits of Syracuse, New York, 
March 19, 1814; received a common school and ac;»- 
demic education; turned his attention to mercantile 
puisnits, and became a manulacturer of salt; in 1846 
was elected to the State Legislature; in 18.53 was 



Mayor of Syracuse, and after holding ^ arious other 
positions of trust and honor, was elected a Represent- 
ative from New York to the Fortieth and Forty-first 
Congresses, sernng on the Committtees on Foreign 
Affairs, Roads and Canals, and "Ways aud Means; in 
1875 was elected to the Senate of New York; remaiufd 
in the Senate, by re-election, until 1885; in 1881 was 
chosen President of the Senate pro tern. Died Feb- 
ruary 14, 1886. 

McCarty, Andrew Z.; was born in New York; 
was a memljer of the New York Assembly in 1848: 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1855 to 1857. 

McCarty, Jonathan ; was a native of Tennes- 
see; removed, with his father, at an early age to In- 
diana; engaged in mercantile pursuits, and was for a 
time Clerk of the Circuit or County Court at Coniiers- 
ville; was a Representative in Congress from Indiana 
from 1831 to 1837; left Indiana for Iowa, where he 
died in 1855. 

McCarty, Richard; was born in Albany, New 
York; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1821 to 1823. 

McCarty, "William M.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Virginia from 1840 to 1841. 

McCauslen, 'Williani C; was bom in Ohio; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1843 to 1845. 

McCay, Henry Kent ; was born in Northum- 
Ijerlaud County, Pennsylvania, January 8, 1820; at- 
tended the local schools until his seventeenth year, 
when he entered Princeton College; was a close 
student, and graduated with distinction in 1839; a 
few mouths after leaving college went to Georgia, 
and, for two years, engaged in teaching school at 
Lexington, Oglethorpe County; during this period 
studied law; in 1842 removed Id Aniericu.s. Georgia; 
was admitted to the bar, and eng;iged in the prac- 
tice o&law at Americus; in 1861 entered the Confed- 
erate Army as a Lieutenant in the Forty-second 
Georgia Infantry; served throughout the CiviMVar; 
:it its close returned to his home in Americus, and 
resumed the practice of law; became a Republican in 
politics, and favored very strongly the reconstruction 
measures; was a member of the Constitutional Con- 
vention of 1868; was appointed, by Governor Bul- 
lock, a Justice of the Supreme Conrt of Georgia, 
which position he held for nearly eight years, when 
he resigned aud began the practice of law in Atlanta, 
Georgia; in .Vugust, 1882, was appointed, by Presi- 
dent .\rthur, United States District .Judge for the 
Northern District of Georgia. Died at Atlanta, 
Georgia, July 30, 1886. 

McClean, Moses; was bom in Gettysburg. 
Pennsylvania, in 1804; studied law; came to the bar 
in 1825, and settled in Gettysburg; was a Representa- 
tive iu Congress from 1845 to 1847; in 1855 was 
elected to the State Legislature; was for several years 
President of the fjoard of Trustees of Pennsylvania 
College; acquired a large practice in his profession. 
Died in his native place. (October 1, 1870. 

McClellan, Abraham; was Ixnn in Tennessee; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State, 
from 1837 to 1843. 

McClellan, George Brinton ; was the son oi' a 
distinguished physician, George McClellan. and born 
in Philadtl))hia. December 3. 1826: graduated at 
"West Point in !>'46; distinguished hini.self as a Lieu- 
tenant and Captain in the war with Mexico; in 1847 



:i2S 



BIOGK Al'HICAL ANNALS. 



entered West Point as an Instructor, and prepared a 
"Manual ou Bayonet Exercise," whicl) became a 
text-book in the service; in 1852 accompanied ins 
father-in-law. General E. B. Marcy, as engineer on 
his expedition to Texas; was detailed to explore the 
route for the Pacific Railway, his report forming the 
first of the complete work in thirteen volumes; in 
1855 he visited the Crimea with Delafield and Mor- 
deica. and published a report of his observations on 
the '-Armies of Europe"; resigned his commission, 
and spent three years as Engineer and Vice-President 
of tlie Illinois Central Kailroad , and also had charge of 
other important roads in the West ; when the Rebellion 
commciK^ed he was appointed Major-General of VoUin- 
teersinOhio; was soon made Major-General in the 
Regular Army, and on the retirement of General 
Scott was made General-in-Chief of the American 
Army; commanded the army of the Potomac m the 
protracted Peninsula campaign; won the battle of 
Antietam; resigned from the army in 1S64; was the 
Democratic Candidate for President, but was de- 
feated by Abraham Lincoln, who was re-elected: 
published a number of books on military matters, 
and a Report on the Organization and Campaigns of 
the Army of the Potomac; traveled in Europe; his 
life was written by George S. Hillard: was Governor 
of New Jersey from 1878 to 1881. Died October 29, 
1885. 

McClellan, Robert; was a native Schoharie 
County, New York ; was a Representative in Congress 
from that State tVom 1837 to 1839, and again Irom 
1841 to 1843. Died in 1860, aged fiftj'-five years. 

McClelland, Robert; was bom in Franklin 
County, Pennsylvania, in 1807; graduated at Dickin- 
son College; practiced law lor a year or so at Pitts- 
burgh; in 1833 removed to Michigan and established 
himself at Monroe; served for several years in the 
Legislature of that State; was a Representative in 
Congress from 1843 to 1849; was Governor of Michi- 
gan in 1852 and 1853; in 1853 was appointed Secre- 
tary of the Interior Department, by President Pierce, 
the duties of which position he performed untiH8.')7; 
subsequently settled in Detroit and practiced his 
profession there; was a Delegate to the New York 
Convention of 1868. 

McClelland, 'Winiam; was born in Mount 
Jackson, Pennsylvania, March 2, 1842; attended 
Westminster College at New Wilmington, Pennsyl- 
vania; at the outbreak of the Rebellion enlisted as a 
private in the First ArtUlery, and served over four 
years, becoming Commander; participated in all the 
battles fought by the Army of the Potomac, except 
Chancellorsville and Gettysburg; subsequently at- 
tended Allegheny College at Meadville, Pennsylva- 
nia; studied law and was admitted to practice in 
1870; was elected to the Forty-second Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Manufactures. 

McCIenachan, Blair ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Penn.sylvania from 1797 to 1799. 

McClene, James ; was a Delegate from Penn- 
sylvania to the Continental Congress from 1778 to 
1780. 

McClemand, John A.; was born in Brecken- 
ridge County, Kentucky, May 30, 1812; was reared 
at Shawneetown, Illinois, and had only the advan- 
tages of a common school education; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1832; served as a pri- 
vate, but with credit, in the Black Hawk War; es- 
tablished the first Democratic press at Shawneetown; 
edited his paper and practiced law until 1843, when 
he was elected to Congress from Illinois, and served 



as p, Representative until 1851 ; had also, before go- 
ing to Congress, been elected to the State Legisla- 
ture; in 1859 was again elected to Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Claims; was re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, but resigned to accept the 
commission of Brigadier-General in the Union Army 
in 1861; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Na- 
tional Union Convention " of 1866. 

McClung, Alexander K.; was bom in Mason 
( ounty, Kentucky, about 1812; enlisted in the Navy 
when a lad; afterward studied law, and practiced in 
Mississippi; was a Lieutenant-Colonel in the Mexican 
War, and severelv wounded at Monterey; from 1849 
to 1851 was Chai'ge d' Affaires to Bolivia; delivered an 
able eulogium on Henry Clay at the State Capitol in 
1852. 

McCltixig', Williani; was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Adams, in 1801, United States Judge of the Cir- 
cuit Court of the Sixth Circuit. 

McClvire, Addison S.; was bom at Wooster, 
Ohio, October 10, 1839; received an academic educa- 
tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 18(il; 
served in the Union Army during the War of the Re- 
bellion, attaining the rank of Captain; was elected 
Recorder of Wooster in 1867: was appointed Postmas- 
ter in that year and re-appointed in 1872 and 1876; 
was a Delegate to the Republican National Conven- 
tions of 1868 and 1876; edited the Wooster Bepuhlkan 
newspaper from 1870 to 1880; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Ohio to the Forty-seventh Congress. 

McClurg, Joseph "W.; was bom in St. Louis 
County, Missouri, February 22, 1818; received a good 
education, chiefly at Oxford College, Ohio; in his 
seventeenth year went to Louisiana and Mississippi, 
and spent ne.arly two years as a teacher; went to 
Texas in 1841, where he" was admitted to the bar, and 
was Clerk of the Circuit Court; in 1844 settled in 
Missouri as a merchant; when the Rebellion broke 
out his interests suffered greatly from the plunder of 
the Rebels; took part in the war as Colonel of the 
Osage Regiment of Infantry, and also of a Cavalry 
Regiment; was a member of the Missouri "State Con- 
vention " in 1862; was elected a Representative from 
Missouri to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Territories; was a Delegate to the 
"Baltimore Convention" of 1864; was re-elected to 
the Thirty -ninth Congress, serving on the Committees 
on the Death of President Lincoln, Elections, and as 
Chairman of the Committee on Southern Railroads; 
was a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Con- 
vention " of 1866; was re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress; in 1868 was elected Governor of Missouri ; after 
the expiration of his term, went extensively into the 
business of mining. 

McCoid, Moses A.; was born in Logan C!onnty, 
Ohio, November 5, 1840; received a collegiate educa- 
tion; studied law; served in the Union Army during 
the War of the Rebellion; engaged in the practice of 
law at Fairfield, Iowa: was District Attorney of the 
Sixth Judicial District of Iowa from 1867 to 1871; 
was State Senator from 1872 to 1879; was elected a 
Representative from Iowa to the Forty-sixth, Forty- 
seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

McCffmas, Louis E.; was bom near Williams- 
port, Washington County, Maryland, October 28, 
1846; received a classical education, attending St. 
James College, Maryland, for three years, and gradu- 
ating from Dickinson College, Pennsylvania, in 1866: 
studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1868, and 
engaged in practice at Hagerstown, Maryland; was 
defeated for Congress in 1876 by fourteen votes, was 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



329 



elected a Representative from Maryland to the Forty- 
eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth 
Congress ( 

McComas, ■William; was bom in Virginia; 
was a Representative in (ougress from tliat State 
from 1833 to 1S37, and « a-: a member of the Commit- 
tee ou Manufactures 

McComb, Eleazer ; was a Delegate to the Con- 
tineutal Congress from Delaware from 1782 to 1784. 

MoOonnell, Felix G-.; was a native of Lincoln 
County, Tennessee; in 1824 removed to Talladega 
County, Alabama; was brought up a mechanic, but 
subsequently adopted the profession of law; was a 
Eepresentative in Congress from that State from 1843 
to 1846. Died, by his o«ni hand, in Washington, 
District of Columbia, September. 1846, aged thirty- 
sk yeare. 

McOormell, Murray ; was born in Illinois; in 
18-5.5 was appointed Fifth Auditor of the Treasury, 
where he remained until 18.59. 

McOormell, 'Williatn B.; was born in Greene 
County, Pennsylvania, November 15, 1849: was re- 
moved, by his parents, to Angola, Indiana, while an 
infant and continued to reside there until 1879; was 
educated in the common-schools and at the Wayues- 
burg, Pennsylvania, College; studied law; was ad- 
mitted to the bar, and engaged in practice at Angola ; 
in 1872 was appointed, by Governor Hendricks, Pre- 
senting Attorney for the Thirty-fifth Circuit of Indi- 
ana ; was twice elected to the same office, serving for 
about five years; in 1879, removed to Fargo, Dakota, 
where he continued the practice of his profession; 
was City Attorney of Fargo in 1883; on May 8, 188.5, 
was appointed, by President Cleveland, an Associate 
• Justice of the Supreme Court of Dakota Territory. 

McOonville, David ; was born at Warrenpoint, 
County Down, Ireland, July 30, 1846; came to the 
United States, with his parents, in 1849, and located 
at Stenbenville, Ohio, where his father engaged in 
merchandising; he received a liberal education, grad- 
nating from the High School at Stenbenville, Ohio, 
in June, 1862; at once entered his father's store as a 
clerk; in 1869 began business on his own account; 
took a deep interest in politics; in 1875 was an un- 
successful candidate for Representative in the State 
Legislature; in 1878 was appointed, by (governor 
Bishop, Director of the Ohio Penitentiary; was a 
member of the Democratic State Executive Commit- 
tee of Ohio in 1879 and HSO; was a Delegate to the 
Democratic National Conventions of 1880 and 1884; 
was Vice-Chairman of the Democratic State Execu- 
tive Committee in 1883 and 1884; was Secretary to 
the Governor of Ohio from .January, 1884, to April, 
1885, when he was appointed, by President Cleve- 
land, Sixth Auditor of the United States Treasury 
Department at Washington. 

MoCook, Anson G.; was bom at Stenbenville, 
Ohio, October 10, 1835; received a common school edu- 
cation; in 1854 crossed the plains to California; return- 
ing in 1859 commenced the study of law; entered tiie 
Union Army, in 1861, as Captain, and served through- 
out the war, rising to the rank of Colonel and Brevet 
Brigadier-General; was appointed Assessor of Inter- 
nal Revenue in 1865; removed to New York in 1873; 
was elected a Representative from New York to the 
Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Fortv-.seventh Con- 
gresses; in December, 1883, was elected Secretary of 
the United States Senate. 



MoCook, Edward M.; was born in Stenben- 
ville, Ohio, in June, 1834; was educated in a log 
school house; went to Minnesota in 1856, and became 
Private Secretary of the Governor; emigiated to Pike's 
Peak in 1859; was a member of the Kansa.s Legisla- 
ture in 1860; entered the army at the opening of the 
Rebellion, and by 1864 h.ad attained the rank of 
Brevet Major-General, his exploits on the battle field 
were numerous and distinguished; between the years 
1866 and 1869 was Minister to the Hawaiian Islands; 
in the latter year was appointed Governor of Colo- 
rado. 

McOord, Andrew ; was a jiember of the New 
York Assembly, during the years 1800, 1801, 1802, 
and 1807, part of the time Speaker; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from tluit State from 1803 to 
1805. 

McCorkle, Joseph "W.; was born in Ohio; was 
a Representative in Congress from California from 
1851 to 1853. 

McOormick, Andrew Phelps; was bora in 

Brazoria County, Texas, December 18, 1832; receivcil 
a classical education, graduating from Centre College. 
Kentucky, in 1851; studied law; was admitted to the 
bar in 1855, and engaged in practice at Brazoria, 
Texas; was Judge of Probate in Brazoria County in 
1865 and 1866; was a member of the State Constitu- 
tional Conventions of 1866 and 1868; was .Tud,ge of 
the Circuit Court from 1871 to 1876; was State Sena- 
tor from 1876 to 1879; was appointed United States 
District Attorney for the Eastern District of Texas in 
1878; declining to qualify before the expiration of 
his Senatorial term, he was, in 1879, appointed 
United States District Judge for the Northern Dis- 
trict of Texas, and resigned as Senator to enter upon 
his judicial duties; the same year removed to Dallas, 
Texiis; in 1883 settled at Graham, Texas. 

McCormick, James R.; was bom in Washing- 
ton County, Missouri, August 1, 1824; received a 
common school education; iu 1849 received the degree 
of M.D. ; wa,s elected a Delegate to the State Con- 
vention of 1861, in 1862 was elected to the State 
Senate; served as a Brigadier-General of Militia in 
1863; was appointed, by President Lincoln, a Sur- 
geon in the army, which position he resigned; was 
again elected to the State Senate in 1866; was elected 
a Representative from Missouri to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, to fill a vacancy, serving on the Committee on 
Private Land Claims: was re-elected to the Forty- 
lirst and Forty-second Congresses, serving on various 
Committees. 

McCormick, John "Watts ; was bom in Gallia 
County, Ohio, December 20. 1831: was reared on a 
farm; received a common school education; at the 
age of nineteen entered the Ohio Wesleyan Univers- 
ity and remained there two years; then entered the 
Ohio University, at Athens, Ohio ; was forced to 
^vithdraw, during the last term of his soj)homore 
year, by reason of ill-health; was soon after left iu 
charge of the farm by the death of his father: attend- 
ed to the farm duties during the summer and taught 
school in the winter months; espoused the cause of 
religion and was licensed as a Local Minister in the 
Methodist Episcopal Church; was ordained a Local 
Deacon in 1864, and a Local Elder in 1879: held sev- 
eral positions of local trust; was a memlicr of the 
Stat« Constitutional Convention of 1873; was elected 
a K^nresenrative from Uh':o to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress. 



33U 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



McCormick, Richard C; was born in New 
York City iu 1832; received a classical education; 
entered into business in Wall street in 1850; visited 
Europe during the Crimean War, and published a 
book of correspondence which was successful in 
England; also a volume entitled "St. Paul to St. 
Sophia; or Sketchings in Europe"; from 1857 to 
IStil was a Trustee of Public Schools iu New York ; 
in 1859 edited the Young 3Ien's Magazine, and con- 
tributed to other periodicals; was a "War Corres- 
pondent" for several leading New York journals; 
in 1862 was Chief Clerk of the Department of Agri- 
culture in Washington; iu 1803 was appointed Secre- 
tary of Arizona Territory; in 18ti6 was appointed 
Governor of the Territory; in 1868 was elected Dele- 
gate from Arizona to the Fo>-ty-first Congress, and re- 
elected to the two succeeding Congresses; in 1875 was 
appointed a Commissioner to the Centennial Exhibi- 
tion; was Assistant Secretary of the United States 
Treasury Department from April to December, 1877. 

McCoy, Robert ; resided at one time in Carlisle, 
Pennsylvania, and held several public positions in 
that State, such as Brigadier-General of Militia and 
Canal Commissioner; was a member of Congress from 
Pennsylvania from 1831 to 1833. Died at Wheeling, 
Virginia, June 7, 1849. 

McCoy, "William ; was bom in Augusta. County, 
Virginia; was a Kepresentative iu Congress from that 
State from 1811 to 1833. 

McCrary, George W. ; was born near Evans- 
ville, Indiana, August 29, 1835; removed, with his 
parents, to Wisconsin Territory in 183H; received a 
common school and academic education ; studied law 
and came to the bar in Keokuk, Iowa, in 1850; in 
1857 was elected to the State Legislature; in 1861 
was elected to the State Senate for four years; in 
1868 was elected a Representative from Iowa to the 
Forty -first Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Revision of Laws, and Naval Affairs; was re-elected 
to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses, serv- 
ing as Chairman of the Committees on Elections, 
and Railroads and Canals; also re-elected to the 
Forty-fourth Congress; was Secretary of War, in the 
Cabinet of President Hayes, from March, 1877, to 
December, 1879, when he was appointed United 
States Circuit Judge of the Eighth Judicial Circuit. 

McCrate, John D.; was born in Wiscasset, 
Maine, about 1800; graduated at Bowdoin College in 
1819; adopted the profession of the law; was a mem- 
ber of the State Legislatui-e from 1831 to 1836 ; Col- 
lector of Customs at Wisca.sset from 1836 to 1841; 
was a Representative in Congress from Maine from 
1845 to 1847. 

McCreary, James B.; was bom in Madison 
County, Keiiturl<y, .Tuly 8, 1838; graduated from 
Center College, Dauville, Kentucky, in 1857; read 
law, attended the Law College of the University of 
Tennessee, and graduated, in 1S59, with first honors 
in a class of forty-seven; immediately engaged in 
practice at Richmond, Kentucky, devoting some time 
to agricultural pursuits also; at the beginning of the 
Civil War enlisted as a private in the Confederate 
Army and was elected Major of the Eleventh Ken- 
tucky Cavalry; at the time of the surrender of the 
Confederate forces was L.eutcnant-Colonel of his regi- 
ment; in 1868 was a Delegate to the Democratic Na- 
tional Convention; in 1869 was elected a Representa- 
tive iu the State Legislature and was twice re-elected; 
in 1871 was elected Speaker and was re-elected in 
1873; was elected Governor of Kciitiu-ky in 1875, 



and served four years; resumed the practice of law at 
Richmond; in 1884 was elected a Representative from 
Kentucky to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

McCreary, John ; was bom in Chester District, 
South Carolina; was a Rejiresentative in CongTess 
from that State from 1S19 to 1821. 

McCreary, William ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Maryland from 1803 to 18(19. 

McCreedy, William; was a Representative in 
Congress from Pennsylvania from 1829 to 1831. 

McCreery, Thomas C; wa.s born in Kentucky 
in 1817; studied law, but instead of practicing the 
profession, turned his attention to agricultural pur- 
suits; was a Presidential Elector in 1852; a Visitor to 
the West Point Academy in 1858; in 1868 was elected 
a Senator in Congress in the place of James Guthrie, 
resigned ; that term expired in 1871 ; was re-elect*! 
in 1873 for the term ending in 1879, serving on the 
Committees on Foreign Relations, Indian Affairs, 
Civil Service, and Retrenchment. 

McCue, Alexander ; was born at Metamora, 
Mexico, in 1826; graduated from Columbia College, 
New York, in 1845; studied law; was admitted to 
the bar in 1848, and entered upon the practice of law 
at Brooklyn, New York; was Corporation Counsel of 
the City of Brooklyn in 1861 and 1862, and again in 
1867 and 1868; in 1870 was elected one of the Judges 
of the City Court of Brooklyn, serving until April. 
1885, when, upon receiving the appointment of Solic- 
itorof the United States Treasury at Washington, ten- 
dered him by President Cleveland, he resigned the 
Judgeship, and entered upon the discharge of the 
duties of his new office. 

McCuUoch, George ; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative iu Congress from that State from 
1840 to 1841. 

McCuIloch, Hugh; was born iu Kennebunk, 
Maine; in 1824 entered Bowdoin College, but left in 
his sophomore year on account of his health; studied 
law, and on being admitted to practice, removed to 
Fort Wayne, Indiana, in 1833; in 1835 was chosen 
Cashier of the Branch of the State Bank of Indiana, 
and as such, and also as a Director, was connected 
with it untU 1657; in that year was elected Piesidcnt 
of the State Bauk, in which position he continued 
until 1863; was soon afterwards appointed, by ft-esi- 
deut Lincoln, Comptroller of the Currency, which 
Bureau he organized and put into successful opera- 
tion; in March, 1865, entered the Cabinet as Secre- 
tary of the Treasury. 

McCuUoch, John; was born in Pennsylvania; 
wa^ ;i Ucpreseutative in Congress fi-om that State from 
ls.-,:i to 1855. 

McCulloch, Thomas G.; was born in Franklin 
County, Pennsylvania, and was a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1820 to 1822, for the 
rmexpfred term of D. PuUerton. 

McCuUough, Hiram ; was born in Cecil Coun- 
ty, Maryland, September 20, 1813; educated at the 
Elkton Academy; read law, and was admitted to the 
bar in 1838; was elected to the Maryland Senate 
in 1845, and re-elected, serving until the adoption of 
the Constitution of 1851; in the winter of 1852 and 
1853 was appointed by the Legislature one of the 
Codifiers of the Laws of Maryland, and aided in 
making the present code of that Strife; also held 
various offices of trust and rtsjiiiiisiliility connected 



B I (J G K A 1' H I C A L ANNALS. 



:S1 



with the courts, and the town and county of his resi- 
dence; was elected a Representative from iMaryhmd 
to the Tliirty-niuth Congre.ss, serving on tlie Commit- 
tee on the District of Columbia; re-elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on his old Committee and 
on that on Accounts; was a Delegate to the New 
York Convention of 1868. 

McCurdy, Charles Johnson ; was born at 

Lyme, Connecticut, December 7, 1797; graduated at 
Yale College in 1817; studied law with Judge Swift; 
was prominent in the profession ; was a member of 
both branches of the Legislature, and three years 
Speaker of the House; Lieutenant-Governor in 1845 
and 1846; United States Minister to Austria in 1851 
and 1852; in 1856 was appointed a Judge of the Su- 
perior Court, and subsequently on the Supreme Bench 
until 1867; in February, 1861, was au active member 
of the Peace Congress; received the degree of LL.D. 
from Yale College. 

McCurdy, S. P.; was bom in Kentucky; re- 
moved to Missouri, from which State he was ap- 
pointed au Associate Justice of the United States 
Court for the Territory of Utah, residing at Fort 
Bridger. 

McDaniel, Henry D.; was bom at Monroe, 
Walton County, Georgia, September 4, 1837; passed 
his boyhood at Atlanta, Georgia; was graduated from 
Mercer University, Georgia, with the degrees of 
A. B. and A. M. ; studied law; was admitted to the 
bar, and engaged in the practice of law at Monroe, 
his native place; was a member of the Convention, in 
18C1, which decided upon tlie secession of Georgia 
tiom the Union; in July, 1861, entered the ('on- 
federate Army as a First Lieutenant; in November, 
1862, was promoted to Major; served in the campaigns 
of the Army of Northern Virginia until after the 
battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, in July, 1863; 
during the third day of that battle was in command 
of a Brigade; while in command of his regiment, in 
the retreat from Gettysburg, was wounded and taken 
prisoner; remained a prisoner of war until July, 
1865; then returned to his home and resumed the 
practice of his profession; in October, 1865, was 
elected a Representative in the Georgia Legislature; 
was disqualified, by the Fourteenth Amendment to 
the Constitution of the United States, from holding 
office; in 1872 his disabilities were removed by Act 
of Congress, and, in October of that year, he was 
again elected a Representative in the Legislature ; in 
October, 1874. was elected a State Senator; was suc- 
cessively re-elected, serving uutU 1883; in April, 
1883, was elected Governor of Georgia for the unex- 
pired term of Alexander H. Stephens, deceased; in 
1 - ~ 1 was re-elected for a full term of two years. 

McDill, Alexander S.; was born in Crawford 
I 'lunty, Pennsylvania, March 18, 1822; graduated at 
the Cleveland Medical College; wius engaged in the 
general practice of his profession from 1848 until 
1856, when he removed to Portage County. Wiscon- 
sin; was elected to the State House of Representa- 
tives in 1861, and to the State Senate in ls(i2; chosen 
a Presidential Elector in 1864; was one of the Board 
of Managers of the Wisconsin State Hospital for the 
Insane from 1862 to 1868, when he was elected Medi- 
cal Superintendent, which position he resigned to 
take his seat in the Forty-third C^ongress, serving on 
the Committees on Education and Labor. 

' McDill, James "Wilson ; was born in Mom-oe, 
Ohio, March 4, 1834; graduated at the Miami Uni- 
versity, Ohio, in 1853; studied law at Columbus. 
Ohio; was admitted to the bar in 1856, and removed 



to Iowa; was elected Judge of Union County in 1859; 
in 1861 appointed Clerk of the Senate Committee on 
the District of Columbia, and a Clerk in the oflicc of 
the Third Auditor of the Treasury, in which po.sitioii 
he served until 1865, when he resigned, and returned 
to Iowa; was elected Circuit Judge in 1868; in 1870, 
appointed, and then elected, District Judge; was 
elected to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Con- 
gresse.s, serving on the Committee on the Pacific 
Railroad; was a State RaiU'oad Commissioner from 
1878 to 1881; in 1881 was lirst appointed and tlu^n 
elected to fill the vacancy in the United States Sen- 
ate, caused by the resignation of S. J. Kirkwood. 

McDonald, Alexander; was born in Clinton 
County, Pennsylvania, April 10, 1832; was educated 
chielly at the Lewisburg Univei'sity; emigrated to 
Kansas in 1857, and turned his attention to mercan- : 
tile pursuits; took a leading part in raising troops 
for the Union Army during the Rebellion, and lor a 
time supported three regiments at his private expense; 
in 1863 settled in Arkansas as a merchant; estab- 
lished and became President of a National ISank at 
Fort Smith; also became President of the Merchant's 
National Bank at Little Rock; was elected a Senator 
in Congress from Arkansas for the term ending in 
1871, having taken his seat on the admission of that 
State into the Union, serving on the Committees ou 
the Post-Office, Territories, and Jlanufactures; wa.s ;i 
Delegate to the Chicago Convention in 1868. 

McDonald, Charles J.; was Governor of Geor- 
gia from 1839 to 1843. 

McDonald, David; was a Judge of the United 
States Court for the District of Indiana. 

McDonald, J. E.; was born in Butler County, 
Ohio, August 29, 1819; removed to Indiana at the 
ageof seven; was apprenticed to the saddler's trade 
at Crawfords\'ille; was two years in college but did 
not graduate; was admitted to the bar in 1843; 
elected Prosecuting Attorney in that year, and held 
the oflSce four years; in 1849 was elected a Rejneseiit- 
ative in Congress, and served one term ; elected At- 
torney-General of the State in 1856; re-elected in If^oS;. 
removed to Indianapolis in 1859; was a Candidate 
for Governor in 1864, but defeated; was elected to the 
United States Senate in 1875, for the term ending in 
1881. 

McDougall, Alexander ; was bom in Scotland 
in 1731; came to America with his father about 1755; 
settled near New York, in which city his youth was 
passed in various active employments; while a i)rin- 
ter, the action of the State Assembly in 1769 in re- 
jecting the vote by ballot, and favoring the bill of 
suppUes for troops quartered in the city, caused him 
to issue an address entitled, "A Son of Liberty to the 
Betrayed Inhabitants of the Colony.'' This was 
voted, by the Assembly, a seditious paper, and he 
was imprisoned. Upon regaining his liberty, pre- 
sided over the meeting preparatory to electing Dele- 
gates for the Continental Congress; was appointed 
Colonel of the First New York Regiment; Biigadii-r- 
General, August 9. 1776; Major-Genoral, October 20. 
1777; superintended the embarkation of troops on 
the evening of August 29, 1770, after the defeat ou 
Ijong Island; was actively engaged on Cliatterton's 
Hill, White Plains, Uc-tolicr 28, and in various places 
in New Jersey, in the spring of 1777 took command 
at Peekskill, but was comjielled, by a superior force, 
to retreat, March 23; was in the Battle of German- 
town; took command of the posts on Ihe Hudson, 
March 16, 1778; with Kosciu.sko pushed the construc- 
tion of fortiUciitious on the Highlands until the close 
of 1780; was a Delegate from New York to the Conti- 



332 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



nental Congress in 1781 and 1782; again in 1784 and 
1785; in 1781 was appointed, by Congress, Minister 
of Marine, but did not long remain in Philadelphia; 
in 1783, when the array went into winter quarters at 
Newburg, he was the head of the Committee sent to 
Congress to represent its grievances; was a member 
of the New York Senate in 1783, and remained in 
that position until his death, which occurred in New 
York City, June 8, 1786. 

McDougall, James A.; was born in Bethlehem, 
Albany County, New York, November 19, 1817; re- 
ceived his education at the Albany Grammar School; 
assisted in the survey of the first railway ever built 
in this country, that of Albany and Schenectady; 
studied law, and adopted that profession; removed to 
Pike County, Illinois, in 1837; in 1842 was chosen 
Attorney-General of Illinois; re-elected in 1844; in 
1849 originated and accompanied an exploring expe- 
dition to Rio del Norte, the Gila, and Colorado; af- 
terwards emigrated to California, and followed his 
profession at San Francisco; in 1850 was elected At- 
torney-General of California; was a Representative in 
Congress from California from 1853 to 1855, declining 
a re-nomination; in 1861 was elected a Senator in 
Congress for six years, serving on the Committees on 
Finance, and Naval Affairs, and as Chairman of the 
Committee on the Pacific Railroad; was also a Dele- 
gate to the "Chicago Convention" of 1864, and to the 
Philadelphia "National Union Convention" of 1806. 
Died at Albany, New York, September 3, 1867. 

McDoug'all, John ; was Acting-Governor of Cal- 
ifornia from 1851 to 1852, 

McDo'well, James; was born in Rockbridge 
County, Virginia, in 1796; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1817: was Governor of Virginia from 1842 
to 1845: from 1S45 to 1851 was a Representative in 
Congress from the Eleventh Congressional District of 
Virginia; in 1846 his Alma Mater conferred on him 
the degree of LL.D.; he was an eloquent speaker, 
an upright man and a true patriot. Died near Lex- 
ington, Virginia, August 24, 1851. 

McDowell, James Foster ; was born in Mif- 
flin County, Pennsylvania, December 3, 1825; went 
with his parents to Ohio in 1835; served for a time 
in a printing oflice, during which apprenticeship he 
studied law; came to the bar in his twenty-first 
year; his first oflSce was that of County Attorney; in 
1851 he settled in Indiana and established the 
Marion Journal; was a Presidential Elector in 1852; 
in 1862 was elected a Representative from Indiana 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Invalid Pensions. 

McDowell, Joseph ; was bom in Winchester, 
Virginia; emigrated, with his father, to North Caro- 
lina, \\liere he took an active part in the military 
operations of the time, and was at the battle of 
King's Mountain; was a member of the House of 
Commons from 1782 to 1788; was a Representative in 
Congress from 1793 to 1795, and again from 1797 to 
1799. 

McDowell, Joseph J.; was born in North 
Carolina; on removing to Kentucky, was elected a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1843 
to 1847. 

McDuffle, George ; was born in Columbia 
County, Georgia, in 1788; was for a time a clerk in 
Augusta; graduated at the South Carolina College in 
1813; adopted the profession of law; served a num- 
ber of years in the State Legislature; was a Trustee 
4}{ his Alma Mater; a Major of Militia; was elected 



a Representative in Congress from South Carolina in 
1821, and served until 1835, when he was chosen 
Govemorof the State; in 1843 was elected a Senator 
of the United States, but was compelled by ill-health 
to resign that station before the expiration of his 
term of office; his ill-health was partly the result of 
a duel, which he fought in Augusta, Georgia, with 
Colonel Gumming, in which he was wounded; he was 
a co-worker and friend of Calhoun and Hayne, and 
an eloquent defender of the peculiar institutions of 
the South. Died in Sumter District, South Caro- 
lina, March 11, 1851. 

McEnery, Samuel Douglas ; was bom at 

Monroe, Louisiana, May 28, 1837; received a com- 
mon school education until fourteen years of age, 
when he was sent to Spring Hill College, near Mo- 
bile, Alabama; in 1851 was appointed a Cadet Mid- 
shipman at the United States Naval Academy, An- 
napolis, Maryland, where he remained three years; 
then, in 1855, entered the Collegiate Department of 
the University of Virginia, from which he went to 
the "State and National Law School," at Pough- 
keepsie, New York; after graduating located at 
Mary%'ille, Missouri; ill-health compelled him to re- 
turn to Louisiana; entered the Confederate Army in 
1861, and served throughout the war; after its close 
studied the civil law, and entered upon its practice 
at Monroe, Louisiana; in 1879 was elected Lieutenant- 
Governor of the State; by the death of Governor 
Wiltz, in 1881, became Governor of Louisiana; in 
1883 was elected Governor for the full term of four 
years. 

McFadden, Obadiah B. ; was born in Wash- 
ington County, Pennsylvania, in 1817; was by pro- 
fession a lawyer; was elected to the Legislature of 
Pennsylvania in 1843; was Prothonotary for the Court 
of Common Pleas of Washington County in 1845; in 
1353 was appointed Associate Justice of the Supreme 
Court for the Territory of Oregon; in 1854 was ap- 
pointed Associate Justice of the Supreme Court for 
Washington Territory; in 1858 was appointed Chief 
Justice of the same, and discharged the duties until 
1861; represented his District in the Legislative 
Council; was elected to the Forty-third Congress as 
a Delegate from Washington Territory. Died at 
Olympia, Washington Territory, June 25, 1875. 

McFarlan, Duncan; was a Representative in 
Congress from North Carolina, from 1805 to 1807; 
subsequently a member of the State Senate for three 
years. 

McFarland, Noah C; was bora in Washington 
County, Pennsylvania, April 23, 1822; attended col- 
lege at Washington, Pennsylvania, but did not grad- 
uate; removed to Bucyrus, Ohio, in 1846; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar; in 1849 settled at 
Hamilton, Ohio, in the practice of law; in 1865 was 
elected a State Senator; in 1870 removed to Topeka, 
Kansas; was elected a State Senator; was twice ap- 
pointed a Regent of the University of Kansas; in 
1881 was appointed Commissioner of the General 
Land Otfice, at Washington. 

McFarland, William; was born in Dandridge, 
Jefferson Cormty, Tennessee, September 15, 1821; 
was educated in the old-time schools of the country; 
studied law, but owing to family circumstances was 
obliged to follow several business pursuits; when 
the Rebellion opened, he sided with the Union, and 
was imprisoned by the Confederat&s ; after the war 
began to practice law; became Judge of the Circuit 
Court, and held various local positions; was elected 
a Representative from Tennessee to the Forty-fourth 
Congress. 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNAL.S. 



333 



McGaughey, Edward W.; was born in Indi- 
ana; was a Kepit'stiilative iu Congress from that 
State from lfci45 to 1847, and for another term end- 
ing iU 1851. Died August 18, 1852. 

McGo^wran, James H.; was bom in Mahoning 
County, Ohio, April 2, 1837; in 1854 removed, with 
his parents, to Indiana, graduated at the University 
of Michigan in 1861; taught school at Cold water, 
Michigan, for one year; enlisted iu the Union Army, 
and was promoted to a Captaincy ; was disabled and 
resigned; returned to Coldwater; studied law, and 
was admitted to practice; was Prosecuting Attorney 
from 1868 to 1872; served one term in the State Sen- 
ate: was, for seven years, a Eegent of the University 
of Michigan, resigning to take his seat as a Eepre- 
sentative from Michigan in the Forty -fifth Congress; 
was re-elected to the Forty-sixth Congress. 

McG-rath, A. G-.; was a native of South Caro- 
lina; was well ediu'ated; while residing in Charles- 
ton, was appointed Jtidye of the United States Court 
for the District of South Carolina. 

MoGre-w, James C; was born in Preston 
County, West Virginia, September 13, 1813; received 
a good eduaition; worked on his father's farm when 
not at school until frSS; then turned his attention 
to mercantile pursuits, which he followed until 1861; 
•was a Delegate in that year to the Richmond Con- 
vention, and voted against the ordinance of secession; 
withdrew from the Convention, and afterwards, with 
eleven others, was expelled; in 1863, 1864, and 1865 
was elected to the Legislature of West Virginia, hav- 
ing assisted in organizing the new State; in 1866 
withdrew his attention from public alfairs, and de- 
voted himself to the banking business; was also a 
Director of the West Virginia Hospital for the In- 
sane; in 1868 was elected a Representative from that 
State to the Forty-fii'st Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Freedmen's Affairs, and Roads and Canals; 
re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, serving on 
several Committees. 

McGre"W, J. M.; was born iu Cincinnati, Ohio; 
received a good cd.icatiou in that city; commenced 
active life by teaching .school; became Clerk of the 
District Court in Clermont County in 1854; studied 
law, and soon came to the bar, practicing the profes- 
sion four years; was appointed to a clerkship iu tlie 
Treasury Department by Secretary Chase; became 
Chief Clerk in the office of the Sixth Auditor; after a 
faithful service of twelve years as a Clerk, was ap- 
pointed Sixth Auditor of the Treasury, entering upon 
his duties as such on the 1st of July, 1375, and serv- 
ing until June, 1881. 

McGuire, "William ; was an early emigrant to 
the Territory of M issi.s.sippi : in 1793 was appointed 
Chief Justice of the United States Court (or that Dis- 
trict. 

McHatton, Robert; was a Kei)rascutative in 
Congress from Kentucky, from 1826 to 1829. 

McHenry, Henry D.; was born in Hartford. 
Kentucky, February 27, 1826; graduated at the 
Tran.sylvania School in 1845; was a member of the 
State Legislature iu 1851 and 1852; of the State Sen- 
ate in 1861, 1862, 1863, and 1364; again a member of 
the House in 1865 and 1866; was elected to the 
Forty second Congress, serving on tlie Committee on 
the Pacific Railroad. 

McHenry, James; was born about the year 
1755; was liberally educated; adopted the profession 
of medicine, but did not practice; served in the Rev- 



olutionary struggle as an Aide-de-camp to General 
Washington, and also to General Lafayette; was a 
Delegate from Maryland to the Continental Congress, 
from 1783 to 1766; was a member of the Convention 
that formed the Federal Constitution, and signed 
that instrument; was Secretary of War from 1796 to 
1801, having been appointed by AVashington, and 
continued in office by President Adams; but, as he 
opposed the policy of the Executive, was dismissed 
from the Cabinet with Timothy Pickering. The 
Fort near Baltimore was named as a compliment to 
him. 

McHenry, John H.; was born in Kentucky; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1843 to 1847. 

McHvaine, Abraham R.; was bom at Crum 

Creek, Delaware, August 14, 1804; was bred a 
farmer, in which pursuit he was eminently success- 
ful; was a Representative in Congress from Pennsyl- 
vania from 1843 to 1849. Died in Chester County, 
Pennsylvania, in August, 1863. 

McHvaine, Joseph ; was born in Bristol, Bucks 
County, Pennsylvania, in 1768; received a good edu- 
cation; was admitted to the bar in New Jersey in 
1791; took an interest in military matters, and in 
1798 attained the rank of Captain in Mel'herson's 
Regiment of Blues; in ISOO wius elected Clerk of Bur- 
lington County, and held the office twenty-four 
years; in 1801 was appointed, by President Jefferson, 
Attorney of the United States for New Jersey, which 
olfice beheld ibrtwenty years; in 1804 was appointed 
Aid-de-camp of the Governor of New Jersey, with 
the title of Colonel; in 1813 was appointed .ludge of 
the Superior Court of New Jersey, but declined the 
appointment; was a Senator in Congress from New 
Jersey from 1823 to 1826. Died in Burlington on 
the IDth of August of the latt«r year. He was a 
man of high character and great influence. 

Mclndoe, Walter D.; w;w born in Scotland, 
March 30, 1819; emigrated to New York City in his 
filteenth year; was a clerk iu a large mercantile 
Iiouse; followed the same pursuit in Charleston, 
South Carolina, and in St. Louis, Missouri; subse- 
quently settled in Wisconsin, and engaged in the 
lumber business; served in the Wisconsin Legislature 
in 1850, 1854, and 1855: was a Presidential Elector 
in 1856 and 1860; was elected a Representative from 
Wisconsin to the Thirty-seventh Congress (iu place 
of Luther Hanchett, deceased) ; was re-elected to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Indian Affairs and Revolutionary Pensions; was 
re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress', serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Revolutiouary Pen- 
sions, and again on that on Indian Affairs; was also 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1866. 

Mclutyre, Rufus; was born in York, County 
of York, Maine, December 19, 1731; received a com- 
mon school education v by teachiug for two or three 
years acquired the means to tit himself for college at 
South Berwick Academy, and graduated at Dart- 
mouth in 1809; studied law, and was admitted to 
practice in 1312; in the meantime war wa.s declared, 
and he was appointed Captain of Militia, and re- 
mained in service on the frontier until peace was de- 
clared, alter which he returned to the practice of his 
profession at York; represented that town in the 
" Brunswick Convention"; after the separation from 
Massachusetts, was a Representati\ e in the Legisla- 
ture .at its fii-st session; was then appointed County 
Attorney, which office he held until elected to Con- 



334 



BIOGRAPHICAL AXNALS. 



gress as a Representative from Maine, serving from 
18i7 to 1335; in 1826 was a Commissioner for set- 
tling the Boundary Line of his State; in 1836 was a 
member of the Legislature; was appointed Laud 
Agent for two years in 1839; was subsequently 
United States Marshal for Maine, and Surveyor of 
the Port of Portland four years; was connected with 
two or tliree academies as Overseer, and was a mem- 
ber of tlie Board of Overseers of Bowdoin College. 
Died in Partousfield, April 28, 1866. 

Mclntyre, Archibald Thompson; was born 
in Twiggs County, Georgia, October 27, 1823; edu- 
cated at the Thomasvllle Academy; studied law at 
Motitieello, Florida, and Macon, Georgia: was a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature in 1819: a member of the 
State Constitutional Convention of Georgia in 1865, 
aud was elected to the Forty-second Congress from 
that State, serving on the Committee on Education 
and Labor. 

McJunkin, Ebenezer: was born in Butler 
County, Pennsylvania. March 28, 1819; graduated at 
.k-tferson College in 1S41; studied law, aud wa.s ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1843; was a Delegate to the Na- 
tional Republican Convention at Chicago in 1860; 
^vas a Presidential Elector in 1864; was elected to 
1'ic Forty-spcond aud Forty-third Congresses; re- 
signed in 1874. 

McKay, James J.; was born in Bladen County, 
North Carolina, in 1793; was bred to the law; served 
from 1815 to 1S31 in the State Senate; was at one 
time United States District Attorney; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1831 to 184!l, and was for 
a time Chairman of the Committee of Ways and 
Means; at the " Baltimore Convention,'' in 1818, 
which nominated Lewis Cass for President, he re- 
ceived the vote of the North Carolina deleiiation as 
Candidate tor Vice-President. Died in Golds- 
borough, North Carolina, September 14, 1653. 

McKean, James Bedell ; was born in Hoosic, 
Rensselaer County, New York, August 5, 18'.'1 : dur- 
ing his youth worked on his father's farm in Saratoga 
County, receiving his education chiefly from the dis- 
trict school aud acailemies; taught school for a time, 
and became a School Suxjerinteudent for the to\vn 
where he lived; served one term as a Professor in 
Jonesrtlle Academy; was a Colonel of Infantrv; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1849; in 
1854 was elected County Judge for Saratoga County 
for four years; in 1858 was elected a Representative 
from New York to the Thirty -sixth Congress, serving 
as Chairman of the Committee on Expenditures in 
the State Department; was re-elected to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mitee on Expenditures in the State Department and 
on the Committee on Elections, as he had done in 
the previous Congress; in 1881 raised the Seventy- 
seventh Regiment of New Y'ork Volunteers, and 
commanded it in the Army of the Potomac; after 
leaving Congress was appointed Chief Justice of 
Utah; was superseded, in 1875, by I. C. Parker. 

McKean, Samuel ; was born in Huntington 
County, Pennsylvania; was a Representative in Con- 
gress trom Pennsylvania from 1823 to 1329; a Sena- 
tor of the United States from 1833 to 1839. Died 
June 23, 1840, in McKean Covmty. He was a man 
«f talent and influence. 

• McKean, Thomias ; was bom in Chester Coun- 
ty, Pennsylvania, March 19, 1734; received a liberal 
education, and adopted the profession of the law; in 
1762 was elected to the Delaware Assembly, and 
continued in that station for eleven years; was a 



Delegate to the New York Congress in 1765; while 
holding the office of Chief Justice in Penn.sylvania, 
was elected a Delegate from Delaware to the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1774 to 1776, and from 177S to 
1783; was a signer of the Declaration of Indopi-mlencc 
and of the Articles of Confederation; was Judge ol 
the Court of C!ommon Pleas in Delaware; served in 
the army as a (.'olonel; was a member of the Conven- 
tion to form the Constitution of Delaware, and was 
the author of that instrument: was also a member 
of the Convention which formed the Constitution of 
Pennsylvania in 1790; was Governor of Pennsyl- 
\ania from 1799 to 1808; he was the only man who 
served through all the sessions of the Continental 
Congress; was President of that body in 1781. Died 
in Philadelphia, June 24, 1817, leaving a high repu- 
tation for patriotism and ability. 

McKee, George C; was born at Joliet, Illinois, 
October 2, 1837; was educated at Knox College and 
Lombard University; was admitted to the bar; was 
elected Attorney of Centralia, Illinois, and practiced 
law; was a private in the Eleventh Illinois Infantry: 
on the reorganization for three years' service was 
elected Captain of his company; served throughout 
the war in various capacities, and was wounded at 
Fort Donelson, Shiloh, and Vicksburg. commanding 
a picked corps during the siege of the last^mentioned 
Ijlace; when in command of his own regiment and 
other detachments on the Yazoo Expedition, repulsed 
the assault at Yazoo City in 1864, after which he was 
ordered, as Brigadier-General, to enroll and equip 
four regiments of militia; at the close of the war 
settled at Vicksburg, where he resumed the practice 
of his profession; was appointed Register in Bank- 
ruptcy in 1867; was a member of the Constitutional 
(Convention of Mississippi; was elected to the Fortieth 
Congress, but the State was refused admission ; was 
re-elected to the Forty-first, Forty-second, and Forty- 
third Congresses, serving on the Committees on Ter- 
ritories, and Levees, and as Chairman of the former 
in the last named Congress. 

McKee, John ; was born in Rockbridge County, 
Virginia; was, at one time, a Government Agent 
among the Choctaw Indians; was a Commissioner for 
Settling the Boundary Line of Tennessee; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1823 
to 1829. 

McKee, Samuel ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Kentucky from 1809 to 1817. 

McKee, Samuel ; was born in Montgomery 
County, Kentucky, November 4, 1833; received a 
common school education, attending school in winter 
aud working upon his father's farm the remaining of 
the year; graduated at Miami University, Ohio, in 
! 1857, and at the Cincinnati Law School in 1858; 
served in the Union Army as Captain of the Four- 
teenth Kentucky Cavalry from 1862 to 1864; was a 
prisoner in Libby Prison for thirteen months; in 1865 
was elected a Representative from Kentucky to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Claims, Expenses in the Interior Department, and 
1;hc Special Committee on the Civil Service; was also 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion " of 1866. 

McKenna, Joseph ; was bom in Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania, August 10, 1843; went to California, 
with his parents, in .January, 1855, locating at Beni- 
cia; attended school at Benicia, and studied law at 
the Collegiate Institute, (now St. Augustine's Col- 
lege), Benicia; was admitted to the bar in 1865 and 
entered upon the practice of law at Suisuu, Califor- 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



:{3u 



Ilia; was District Attorney of Solano County for two 
terms, commencing in Jlarch, 1866: was a Represent- 
ative in the California Legislature in 1875 and 1876; 
was the unsuccessful Republican c;inilidate for Con- 
gress in 1376, and again in 1879; in 1884 was elected 
a Representative from California to the Forty-ninth 
( 'ongress. 

McKennan, Thomas M. T.; was a lawyer by 
profession; Secretary of the Interior Department un- 
der President Fillmore for a brief period; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Pennsylvania from 1831 
to 1839, and from 1841 to 1843. Died at Reading, 
July 9, 1852. 

McKennan, 'Williani ; was the son of Thoma-s 
M. T. McKennan; was born in Washington. Penn- 
sylvania, Septemljer '27, 1816; graduated at Wash- 
ington College in 1833; studied law with his father 
and came to the bar in 1837; joined his father in tlie 
practice of law and remained with him until his 
death; in 1869 was appointed Circuit Judge of the 
United States for the Third Circuit; his only other 
public position was that of Commissioner from Penn- 
sylvania to the Peace Conference of 1861. 

McKenney, Thomas Lorraine ; was bom at 
Hopewell, Chestertown, Maryland, March 21, 1785; 
received a good education at Washington College in 
his native town ; was bred a merchant, which busi- 
ness he followed in Georgetown, District of Columbia; 
in 1816 was appointed, by President Madison, Super- 
intendent of Indian Affairs; in 1824 was appointed 
to preside over the Bureau of Indian Affairs, then 
for the first time organized in the War Department; 
in 1826 was a Special Commissioner with Lewis Cass 
to negotiate an important treaty with the Chippewa 
Indians at Fond du Lac, in the Territory of Michi- 
gan; in 1827 published a " Tour to the Lakes," with 
illustrations, and also originated and published, in 
connection with James Hall, a " History of the In- 
dian Tribes," a very excellent work in three folios, 
illustrated with one hundred and twenty colored In- 
dian portraits; also published, in 1S46, two volumes, 
entitled " Memoirs, Official and Personal, with 
Sketches of Travel among the Northern and South- 
em Indians"; was at one time a Colonel in the 
MUitia. Died at New York, February 20, 1858. 

McKenty, Jacob K.; was born in Douglassville, 
Berks County, Pennsylvania, in 1827; graduated at 
Yale College in 1848, and at Yale Law School in 1850; 
settled in Reading, and commenced the practice of 
law in 1851 ; in 1856 was elected District Attorney 
for Berks County; was elected a Representative from 
Pennsylvania to the Thirty-sixth Congress, lor the 
unexpired term of J. Swartz, deceased. Died in 
Douglassrille, Berks County, January 3, 1866. 

McKenzie, James A.; was bom in Christian 
County, Kentucky, August 1, 1840; was educated in 
the common schools and at Centre College, Kentucky; 
read law and was admitted to the bar; became a 
farmer; was a Representative in tlie State Legislature 
from 1 H67 to 1371 ; was a Presidential IClector in 1872; 
was elected a Representative from Kentucky to the 
Forty-fifth, Forty-sisth and Forty-seventhCougre.sses; 
declined a re-nomination. 

McKenzie, Lewis ; was born in Alexandria, Vir- 
ginia, in 1810; received a common school educiition; 
served three terms in the State Legislature ; was Mayor 
of Alexandria during the first year of the War of the 
Rebellion; President of the Alexandria, Loudon, and 
Hampshire Railroad, and of the First National Bank 
of Alexandria; w;is elected to the Forty-first Congress, 
serving on several Committees. 



McKeon, John ; was bom at Albany, New York, 
in 1804; received a classical education, graduating 
from Columbia College; studied law; was admitted 
to the bar, and settled in New York City in the prac- 
tice of law; was a Representative in the State Legis- 
lature in 1832, 1833, and 1834; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from New York to the Twenty-fourth Con- 
gress; was an unsuccessful candidate for the Twenty- 
fifth (/Ongress; was again elected a Representative to 
the Twenty-seventh Congress, and was a second time 
defeated for that office in 1842; in 1846 became Dis- 
trict Attorney, and served two terms; resumed the 
l>ractice of his profession, in which he became emi- 
nent; in 1853 was apiJointed United States Di.strict 
Attorney for the Southern District of New York, and 
was re-appointed in 1857 ; in 1881 was again elected 
District Attorney in New York City. Died at his 
home, in that city, November 22, 1883. 

McKibbin, Joseph C; was born in Pennsylva- 
nia; having taken up his residence in California, was 
elected a Representative from that State to the Thir- 
ty-fifth Congress, andvras a member of the Commit- 
tees on Public Lands and on Private Land Claims. 

McKim, Alexander; was born in 1748; was a 
member of Congress from Maryland from 1809 to 
1815. Died at Baltimore, January 18, 1832. 

McKim, Isaac; was a much respected and 
wealthy merchant of Baltimore; was a member of 
Congress from Maryland from 1823 to 1825, and 
again from 1835 to 1838. Died in Washington, April 
1, 1838. 

McKinley, John ; was born in Virginia; re- 
moved to Kentucky, tlieuce to Alabama ; was a Sena- 
tor in Congress from Alabama from 18:i6 to 1837; in 
1837 w.TS appointed a Justice of the .Supreme Court 
of the United States. Died in Louisville. Kentucky, 
July 19, 1852. 

McKinley, William ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Virginia from 1810 to 1811. 

McKinley, "William, Jr.; was born at Niles, 
Ohio, February 26, 1344; received an academic edu- 
cation; served in the Union Army during the war of 
the Rebellion, rising to the rank of Captain and 
Brevet Major; was Prosecuting-Attorney of Stark 
County, Ohio, from 1869 to 1871 ; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Ohio to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, 
Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Con- 
gresses. 

McKinney, JohnF.; was bom nearPiqua, Ohio 
April 12, 1827, spent his boyhood chiefly on a farm; 
received an academic education, and spent one year 
at the Ohio Wesleyan University; adopted the profes- 
sion of the law; in 1362 was elected a Representative 
from Ohio to the Thirty-eighth Congre-ss, serving on 
the <;ommittees on Unfinished Business and on the 
Militia; was again elected, to the Forty-second Con- 
gress, serving on several Committees. 

McKissock, Thomas; was born in Ulster Coun- 
ty, New York, in 1798; received a classical educar 
tion; was bred first to the medical and afterwards to 
the legal profession; was, under the old organization, 
a Judge of the Supreme Court of New York; was a 
Representative in Congress from 18 19 to 1351. 

McKnight, Robert; w:is born in Pittsburgh, 
Pennsylvania, in 1320; graduated at I'rinceton Col- 
lege, in 1839; studied law, and Wiis admitted to the 
bar in 1842; from 1847 to 1849, both inclusive, was a 
member of the City Council of Pittsburgh, and, the 
last two years. President of that body ; was elected a 



336 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Kepresentative iVom Pennsylvania to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the Committee on 
Elections; was re-electetl to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving on tlie Committees on Foreign Affairs 
and on Public Buildings. 

McLane, Jeremiah. ; was born in 1707; was a sol- 
dier of the Revolution ; settled in Ohio in 17!)0 ; was for 
twenty-one years Secretary of State of Ohio; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1833 
to 1837. Died in Washington, D. C, March 19, 
1837. 

McLane, Louis; was born in Smyrna, Kent 
County, Delaware, May 28, 1784; when twelve years 
of age was appointed a midshipman in the navy, on 
leaving which, in 1801 . he studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar iu laol; in 1812 was a volunteer in 
a company commanded by Caesar H. Rodney, and 
marched to the relief of Baltimore when threatened 
by the British; was a Representative in Congress 
from Delaware from 1817 to 1827; a Senator in Con- 
gress from 1827 to 1829; in 1829 was appointed, by 
President Jackson, Minister to England, where he 
remained two years; in 1831 received the appoint- 
ment of Secretary of the Treasury; in 183.3, that of 
Secretary of State, under President Jackson ; in June, 
1831, retired from political life; in 183T was chosen 
President of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Com- 
pany, and, removing to Maryland, discharged the 
duties of that office until 1817; during the adminis- 
tration of President Polk accepted the mission to 
England while the Oregon negotiations were pending; 
after which he returned to JNIaryland, and, in 1850, 
represented Cecil County in the " State Constitutional 
('(invention"; held a high rank as a statesman. 
Died in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1857. 

McLane, Robert M.; was bom at Wilmington, 
Delaware, June 23, 1815; was educated at Washington 
College, District of Columbia, and St. Mary's Col- 
lege, Baltimore; went to Europe with his father, 
Louis McLane, in 1829, and on his return entered the 
West Point Academy, which he left in 1837; served 
as an army officer in Florida, the Cherokee country, 
and in the Northwest; in 1843 was admitted to the 
bar of Baltimore; in 1845 and 184(1 was elected to 
the Maryland Legislature; from 1847 to 1851 was a 
Kepresentative in Congress from Maryland; in 1852 
was a Presidential Elector; in 1853 was appointed, 
by President Pierce, Minister to China; on his return 
re.<nmed the practice of his profession in Baltimore; 
in >Larch, 1859, was appointed, by President Buchan- 
an. Minister to Mexico; resigned in November, 1860; 
wa.s a Delegate to the Democratic National Conven- 
tions of 1856 and 1876 ; in the latter year was elected 
a State Senator; was again a Kepresentative from 
Maryland in the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Con- 
gresses; declined a re-nomination; in 1S83 was elected 
Governor of Mary hind; in March. IS'^o, was appoint- 
ed, by President Cleveland, United States Minister 
to France. 

McLean, Alney; was bom in Burke County, 
North Carolina; was a Representative in Congress 
from Kentucky from 1815 to 1817, and again from 
1819 to 1821. 

McLean, Finis E.; was born in Kentucky; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1849 to 1851. 

McLean, James H.; was born in Scotland, Au- 
gust 13, 1829; was reared in Nova Scotia, and re- 
moved to the United States in 1842: graduated as a 
physician and surgeon and practiced his profession at 



St. Louis, Missouri; was elected a Representative 
from Missouri to the Forty-seventh Congress to iill 
the vacancy caused by the death of Thomas Allen. 

McLean, Jolin ; was bom in Morris County, 
New Jersey, in 1785; four years after his birth his 
lather emigrated with his family to Virginia, whence 
he removed to Kentucky, and finally settled in the 
State of Ohio; here the son received a limited educa- 
tion; and, having determined to pursue the legal 
profession, engaged at the age of eighteen to write in 
the Clerk's office at Cincinnati, in order to maintain 
liimself, by devoting a portion of his time to that 
labor while engaged in his studies; in 1807 was ad- 
mitted to the bar, and entered upon the practice of 
law at Lebanon, Ohio; in 1812 became a candidate to 
represent his district in Congress, and was elected by 
a large majority; professed the political principles of 
the Democratic party, being an ardent supporter of 
the war and of President Madison's administration; 
in 1814 was again elected to Congress by a unanimous 
vote — a circumstance of rare occurrence — and' re- 
mained a member of the House of Representatives 
until 1316, when, the Legislature of Ohio having 
elected him a Judge of the Supreme Court of the 
State, he resigned his seat in Congress at the close of 
the session; remained six years upon the Supreme 
Bench of Ohio; in 1822 was appointed Commissioner 
of the General Land Office, by President Monroe; in 
1823 became Postmaster-General; in 1829 was ap- 
pointed, by President Jackson, a Justice of the 
United States Supreme Court, after he had declined 
the Secretaryships of War and Navy; entered upon 
the discharge of his judicial duties at the January 
term of 1830. Died at Cincinnati, April 4, 1861. 

McLean, John ; was born in North Carolina in 
1791; removed, with his father, to Logan County, 
Kentucky, in 1795; received a limited education; 
studied law; in 1815 removed to Shawneetown, Illi- 
nois, to practice; in 1818 was elected a Representa- 
tive to Congress from Illinois and served one term; 
was several times a member of the State Legislature 
and frequently Speaker of the House ; irom 1824 to 
1825 was United States Senator, to till a vacancy; 
\vas again elected in 1829 for the term ending in 
1835. Died October 4, 1830, in Illinois. 

McLean, Samuel; was elected a Delegate from 
the Territory of Montana to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, and was re-elected to the Thiitj -ninth Con- 
gre-ss. 

McLean, "William; was a native of Morris 
County. Xew .Tersey; was a Representative in Con- 
grr.ss iiom Ohio from 1823 to 1829; when in Congress 
was mainly instrumental iu procuring an appropria- 
tion of half a million acres of laud for the cxteusiou 
of the Ohio Canal from Cincinnati to Cleveland; 
after his service in Congress was engaged iu business 
in Cincinnati. Died there October 12, 1839. 

McLean, "William P.; was bom in Hinds Cotin- 
ty, Mississippi, August 9, 1836; removed to Texas in 
1S39; graduated at the University of North Carolina 
in 1857; studied law there; was elected to the Legis- 
lature of Texas in 1861 ; resigned to enter the Con- 
federate Army, in which he served until the close ol 
the war; was again a member of the Legislature in 
1869; was elected to the Forty-third Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Agricidture and Public 
Buildings. 

McLeUan, George "W.; was bom in Maine; was 
appointed from Massachnsetts to a clerkship in the 
General Post Office; in 1861 was appointed Second 
Assistant Postmaster-General, remaining in office 
until 1869. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



337 



McMahon, John A.; was born in Frederick 
County, Maryland, February 19, 1833; was educated 
at St. Xavier's College, Cincinnati, Ohio; graduated 
in 1849; studied law with C. L. Vallandighani; wa.s 
admitted to practice in 18.")4; entered into partner- 
ship with Mr. Vallandighani the same year, and con- 
tinued in his oflSce until 1868; was a Delegate-at- 
Large from Ohio to the Baltimore Convention of 
1872; held no official position until elected a Repre- 
senative from Ohio to the Forty-fourth Congress; was 
re-elected to the Forty-fifth and Forty-si.xth Con- 
gresses. 

McMahon, Martin P.; was a citizen of New 
York; in iHdH was appointed Minister Resident to 
Paraguaj'. where he remained only about one year. 

McManus, ■William ; was born in Rens.-ielaer 
County. New York; was a Representative in Congress 
from New York tiom 1825 to 1827. 

McMartin, J. L.; was a citizen of North Caro- 
lina; in 1848 was appointed Ch(in/c d' Affaires to the 
Papal States. Died at his post. .■Vugust 2(3, 1848. 

McMichael, William; was born in Peuusylva- 
uia; received a good education, and studied law; in 
1871 was appoiutetl Assist;int Attorney-General of the 
United States, holding the position until 1873. 

McMillan, G-arrett; was a resident of Georgia: 
was elected a Representative from that State to the 
Forty-fourth Congress. Died before the assembling 
of that Congress. 

McMillan, Samuel J. R.; was bom at Browns- 
ville, Fayette CV)unty. Pennsylvania, February 22, 
1826; removed, in early infancy, to Pittsburgh; grad- 
uated at Duquesne College. Pittsburgh, in 1846: was 
admitted to the Pittsburgh bar in 1849; removed to 
Minnesota Territory iu 1852: elected Judge of the 
First .Judicial District of the State of Minnesota in 
18.57, and entered upon tlie duties of that position on 
the admission of the State iuto the Union by Congress 
in 18.58; in 1864 was appointed Associate .Justice of 
the Supreme Court of the State to till a vacancy: in 
1864 was elected to the same position for a full terra, 
at the expiration of which he was re-elected for an- 
other term; resigned in 1874; was appointed Chief 
Justice of the Supreme Court to fill a vacancy, and 
was re-elected for a full term, but resigned to take a 
seat in the Senate of the United States for the term 
ending in 1881 ; was re-elected for a second term of 
.*ix years. 

McMillin, Benton ; was born in Monroe County, 
Kentucky, September 11. 1845; received a collegiate 
education; studied law; was admitted to the bar, aud 
commenced practice at Celina. Tennessee, in 1871; was 
elected a member of the State House of Representa- 
tives in 1874; was a Presidential Elector in 1876; was 
appointed a Special .Judge of the Circuit Court in 
1877; was elected a Representative from Tennessee to 
the Forty-SLsth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and 
Forty-ninth Congresses. 

McMin, Joseph ; was Governor of Tennessee 
fix>m 1815 to 1821. Died at the Cherokee Agency, 
November 17, 1824. 

McMullen, Fayette; was born in Virginia; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1849 to 1855; in May, 1857, was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Buchanan, Governor of the Territory of Wash- 
ington; was a Delegate to the New York Convention 
of 1868. 

')'0 



MoNair, Alexander; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was appointed Lieutenant of Infantry in 17^)9; dis- 
banded in 1800; was an early emigrant to Missouri 
Territory; Adjutant and Inspector-General in 1812; 
Colonel of Missouri Militia in the United States ser- 
vice in 181:!; held also an important office in the In- 
dian Department; was Governor of Missouri from 
1820 to 18:24. Died May, 1826. 

McNair, John ; was born in Pennsylvania in 
IKOU; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1851 to 1855. Died at Evansport, Prince 
William County, Virginia, in August, 1861. 

McNairy, John ; was bom in 1762; studied, and 
practiced, law; was, about the year 1792, appointed 
Circuit Judge of the United States for the District of 
Tennessee, which office he filled with credit to him- 
self and advantage to the Ciovernment until his 
death, which occurred at NashviUe, November 12, 
1837. 

McNeely, Thompson W.; was born in Jack- 
sonville, Illinois, October 5, 1835; graduated at Lom- 
bard University, and afterwards at the Law Depai-t- 
ment of the Louisville University ; was a member of 
the Illinois Constitutional Convention of 1862; was 
elected a Representative from Illinois to the Forty- 
first and Forty-second Congresses, serving on the 
Committees on Revolutionary Claims, and Education 
and Labor. 

McNiel, Archibald ; was bom in Cumberland 
County, North Carolina; entered the House of Com- 
mons in 1808; was re-elected in 1809; served in the 
State Senate in 1811 and 1815; was a Kt-presentative 
in Congress from North Carolina from 1821 to 1823, 
and again from 1825 to 1827. 

McNulta, John ; was born in New York City 
November 9, 1837; received an academic education; 
studied law; served in the army from 1861 to 1865, 
as Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General; was a mem- 
ber ofthe Legislature of the State from 1869 to 1873; 
was elected to the Forty-third Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Indian Afl'airs. 

McNulty, Caleb J.; was born in Ohio; in 1843 

was elected Clerk of the House of Representatives, 
and remaineil in the position until 1845. 

McNutt, Alexander Gr.; was bom in Rock- 
bridge County, Virginia, in 1801; graduated at 
Wasiiingtoh CoUege. Virginia; in 1824 removed to 
Jackson, Mississippi, and subsequently to Vicksburg, 
where be practiceil law; in 1835 w;is elected to the 
State Senates from Warren County; was Governor of 
the State from 1837 to 1841. Died in De Soto Coun- 
ty, Mississippi, October 22, 1848. 

McPherson, Edward ; was bom at Gettys- 
burg, Pennsylvania, .July 31, 1830; graduated at 
Pennsylvania College in 1848; studied law fora time, 
but abandoned it for the profession of journalism, in 
which he engaged, at different periods, in Harris- 
burg, Lancaster, Pittsburgh, and Philadelphia; was 
elected a Kepre.sentative from Pennsylvania to the 
Thirty -sixth Congress; was re-elected "to the Thirty- 
seventh Congiess; from 1860 to 1864 was a member of 
the Republican National Committee; in 1861 raised 
a company of troops and served with it nntil called 
to take his scat in Congress; during tlic recess in 
1860 and 1862 served as a volunteer Aid on the staftis 
of Generals George A. McCall and .John F. Reynolds, 
respectively: was defeated ius a cimdidatc for the 
Thirty-eighth Congress in a new District; in April, 
1863, was appointed Deputy Commissioner of Intern- 



338 



BIOGli A PHICAL ANNALS. 



al Keveuue; resignr-d in December of that year to 
assume the duties of Clerk of the National House of 
Representatives, to which position he had been 
elected jseived throughout the Thirty -eighth. Thirty- 
ninth, Fortieth, Forty- first, Forty -second, and 
Forty-third Congresses; was tlien retired by a change 
in the political domination of the House; in 1864 
published "The Political History of tlie United 
States During the Great Rebellion"; in 1870 "The 
Political Histoi-y of the United States During the 
Period of Reconstruction," and bi-ennially there- 
after published political Hand-Books; also, at inter- 
vals, issued numerous essays, orations and iiamphlets; 
in 187f) was the Permanent President of the Republi- 
can National Convention; in 1877 was appointed 
Chief of tlie Bureau of Engraving and Printing, in 
the United States Treasury; resigned in 1878; in 
1880 was Secretar}^ of the Rei)ublican Congressional 
Committee: in December, 1881. was again elected 
Clerk of the National House of Representatives, and 
served throughout the Forty -seventli Congress, mak- 
ing fourteen years service in that position, longer 
;.thau any previous incumbent. 

"McPherson, John R.; was born at York, New 
York, May 9, 1833; received an academic education; 
removed to .Tersey C'ity, New Jersey, in 18.59; en- 
gaged in farming and stock-raising; was a member of 
the Board of Aldermen from 1864 to 1870, ser\dng as 
President of the Board for three .v ears; was President 
of the People's Gas-Light Company in 1868 and 1869; 
was a State Senator from 1871 to 1873; in 1873 was 
elected President of the Central Stock- Yard and 
Transit Company, and continued in that position; 
was a Presidential Elector in 1876: was elected a 
Senator of the United Slates from New Jersey for the 
term of six years from M;ircli 4. 1877. and was re- 
elected in 1883. 

McQueen, John ; was born in Robinson County. 
North Carolina, in 1808; claimed descent, in a direct 
line, from the heroic Robert Bruce of Scotland, and 
his father, James McQueen, was a nephew of the 
celebrated Flora McDonald ; received a good educa- 
tion under the guidance of an elder brother. Rev. A. 
McQueen, who was a graduate of Chapel Hill Uni- 
versity, North Carolina; commenced the study of law 
in his native State, and completed his course of study 
in South Carolina, to which State be removed at an 
early day; was admitted to the bar in 1828, and, 
having settled in Marlborough District, there com- 
menced, ;ind ever after, as his public calls permitted, 
continued the practice of his profession with success; 
during the Nullification times of 1833 was elected 
a Colonel of the State Militia; in 1834 a Brigadier- 
jieueral, and in 18:'..") a Major-General, which last 
position he held for ten years, and then resigned; was 
elected a Representative in Congress in 1849, and 
was a member down to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving on leading Committees; was re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress; withdrew in December, 
1860, and joined the Rebellion. Died at .Society 
Hill, South Carolina, September 13, 1367. 

McQueen, Mcintosh ; was an early emigrant 
to Florida; was appointed a Judge of the United 
States Court for the District of Florida. 

McRae, John J.; was born in Wayne County, 
Mississippi; received a good education; adopted the 
profession of the law; was elected, frequently, t« the 
State Legislature, and during two sessions officiated 
as Speaker; was also elected to the State Senate; 
was, in 1851, by appointment, for a short time in the 
United States' Senate; was Giovernbr of Mississippi 
from 1854 to 1858 ; was elected to the second session 



of the Thirty -fifth Congress from Mississippi, as suc- 
cessor to Creneral Quitman; was re-elected to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Committee or 
Military Affairs; joined the great Rebellion in 1861 • 
]:)icd at Belize, British Honduras, May 30, 1668. 

McRae, Thomas C; was born at Mount Holly, 
Union County, Arkansas, December 21, 1851; was 
educated at private schools in Shady Grove, Mount 
Holly, and Falcon. Arkansas; received a full course 
of instruction at Soule 'Business College. New Or- 
leans; studied law at the Washington and Lee Uni- 
versity of Virginia; was admitted to the bar, and 
entered upon the practice of law at Rosston, Nevada 
County, Arkansas, in January, 1873; was a Repre- 
.sentative in the State Legislature of Arkansas in 
1877; in that year moved tiom Rosston to Prescott, 
in the same county, where he continued to practice 
his profes.sion; was a member of the Town Council of 
Prescott in 1879; was a Presidential Elector in 1880; 
was Chairman of the Democratic State Convention in 
1884; was a Delegate from Arkansas to the Demo- 
cratic National Convention in the same year; was 
elected a Representative from Arkansas to the Forty- 
ninth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the 
election of Hon. J. K. .Tones to the United States 
Senate. 

McReady, James; was a Representative in 
Congress from South Carolina, from 1819 to 1821. 

McRoberts, Samuel ; was a native of Illinois; 
was educated at Tiausylvania University; was a 
lawyer by profession; held the office of Judge of one 
of the higher Courts ; was a member of the Illinois 
Senate, and held the position of District Attorney tor 
the United States in Illinois; was a Senator in Con- 
gress from Illinois, from 1841 to the time of his death, 
which occurred March 27, 1843, in Cincinnati, Ohio, 
aged about forty years. 

McRuer, Donald C; was born in Maine in 

l>i2(i; educated at the public schools and academies; 
adopted the mercantile profession ; having emigrated 
to California, filled the office of Harbor Commissioner 
for that State; in 1864 was elected a Representative 
from California to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on Public Lands, and the Post 
Office and Post Roads. 

McSherry, James; was a native of Adams 
County, Pennsylvania; served twenty years in the 
Legislature of that State ; was a Delegate to reform 
the Constitution of the same; was a Representative 
in Congress from Pennsylvania, from 1821 to 1823. 
Died at Littlestown, Penn.sylvania, February 3, 1849. 

McVeagh, "Wayne ; was born at Phcenixville, 
Pennsylvania, in 1833; attended school in Pottstown, 
Pennsylvania; then went to Yale College, where ho 
graduated in 1853; studied law at West Chester, 
Pennsylvania; was admitted to the bar, and entered 
uijon the practice of law, in which he was successful; 
in 1861 entered the Union Army as a Major of Cav- 
alry; was compelled, by ill-liealth, to resign; took 
an active part in politics; in 1868 was Chairman of 
the Republican State Central Committee of Pennsyl- 
vania; in 1877 was appointed United States Minister 
to Turkey; was the Attorney of the Pennsylvania 
Railroad Company; in March, 1881, was appointed 
Attorney-General of the United States in the Cabinet 
of President Garfield; resigned in December of the 
same year, and resumed the practice of his profession. 

McVean, Charles ; was bom at Johnstown, 
New York, in 1802; was bred to the law, which he 
practiced with success in Montgomery County, until 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



339 



he removed to New York ; held the office of Surro- 
gate; served as a Kepresentative in Congress from 
1833 to 1835; at the time of his death was District 
Attorney for Southern New York. Died in New York 
City, December 20, 1848. 

McWillie, 'William ; was born in Kershaw Dis- 
trict, South Carolina, November 17, 1795; jcraduated 
at the South Carolina (.'ollege in 1817; adopted the 
profession of the law; came to the bar in 1818; was 
an Adjutant of Militia; was a Representative and 
Senator in the Legislature 'of South Carolina; re- 
moved to Mississippi in 184.t; was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress trom tliat St;ite from 1849 to 
18.51; w;is also President of a bank lor several years; 
was elected Governor of the State in 1858; during the 
Rebellion was active as a Confederate. Died in 
Kirkwood, March 3, 18(i!l. 

Meacham. James; was born in Rutland. Ver- 
mont, in 1810; graduated at .Middlebury College in 
1832; was tutor there; .studied theology; settled in 
New Haven, Vermont; was called from his parish to 
the Professorship of Elocution and English Litera- 
ture in Middlebury College; in 1849 was elected a 
Representative in Congress, and twice re-elceted. At 
the time of his death, August 22, 1856, was a mem- 
ber of Congress and a Regent of the Smithsonian In 
stit;',tion. 

Mead, Cowles.; was elected a Re))reseiitative in 
Congress from (ieorgia. in 1805. but his election was 
successfully contested l)y Thomas Spalding; in 180(i 
was appointed, by President Jefferson, Secretary of 
Mississippi Territory, 

Meade, Edwin R,; was born in Norwich, Che- 
nango County, New York, ,Iuly (i, lH3fi; received an 
academic education; studied law; was admitted to 
practice in 1858, and settled in New York *'ity; was 
t'li'ted a Representative to tlie Forty-fourth Con- 
gress. 

Meade, Richard K.; wa.s bom in Virginia; re- 
ceived a liberal education, and adopted the profession 
of the law; was a Representative in Congiess from 
Virginia from 1817 to 1853; was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Pierce, in 1853, Ch/in/e d'Affaireii to Sardinia; 
in 1857 was a)>i)ointed, by President Buchanan, Min- 
ister to Brazil, wliich mi.ssion he held until 1861. 
Died ia April, 1862. 

Means, John H. ; was a native of South Caro- 
lina; «;is (iiivirnor of that State from l>i:">() to 1852; 
was Colonel in the Confederate Army; was killed at 
the second battle of Bull K'un, .\ugust 28, 1862; in 
-imp records he is mentioned by the name of Isaac. 

Mebane, Alexander ; was born in Hawfield, 
Orange County. North Carolina, November 26, 1747. 
and died .Tuly 5, 179.5; was anieml)er of the Conven- 
tion that met in 1776 to form the State Constitution; 
served a number of years in the Legislature; was in 
Congr&ss from North Carolina during tlie ycare 1793 
and 1794 ; he was distinguished for his sense, integ- 
ri; y, and lirmne.ss. 

Medary, Samuel; was born in Montgomery 
County, Pennsylvania, February 2.5, 181)1; had a 
limited education, and became a printer; was for 
many years editor of the Ohio Slitlcsimni: established 
the Cobinibus Crisis, which he conducted until his 
death; was Governor of the Territory of Minnesota 
in 1857 and 1858: (iovernor of Kansas in 1859 and 
1R60; was a "Peace Denmcrat " during the Rebell- 
ion. Died at Columbus. Oliio, November 7, 1864, 



Medill, "William ; was born in New Castle Coun- 
ty, Delaware; received an academic education ; studied 
law, and, having removed to Ohio, was admitted to 
the bar of that -State in 1832; was soon after elected 
to the State Legislature, serving a number of years, 
and was twice elected Speaker; was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congiess from that State from 1839 to 
1843; was appointed, by President Polk, First As- 
sistant Postma.ster-General; subsequently held the 
office of Commissioner of Indian Alfairs; in 1850 was 
a member of the Convention called to revise the State 
Constitution, and was chosen Chairman; in 1851 and 
18.52 was elected Lieutenant-Governor of Ohio; in 
1853 was elected Governor of Ohio; was appointed, 
by President Buchanan, First Comptroller of the 
United States Treasury. Died at Lancaster, Penn- 
sylvania, September 2, 1865. 

Meech, Ezra; was bom in New London, Con- 
necticut, July 26. 1773; was associated in early life 
with ,lohn Jacob Astor in the fur trade; in 1806 be- 
came agent of the Northwest Fur Company; in 1809 
was agent for supplying the British Government with 
spars and timber: settled in Vermont; in 1822 and 
1823 was elected ( 'bief Ju.sticc of (Chittenden County; 
was a member of the " Constitntion;il Conventions" 
of 1822 and 18:26; in 1«(I5 ;uid 1807 was elected to 
the .State Legislature: was ;i RepresentatiMe in Con- 
gress from Vernront from 1819 to 1821, and again 
from 1825 to 1827; in 1841 wa-s a I'residential Elector; 
during the latter years of his life was devoted to ag- 
ricultural ijursuits, and owned one faiTU, kept in a 
high state of cultivation, which contained three 
thousand acres, anil upon which he maintained a 
flock of three thousand sheip and a herd of eight 
hundred oxen. Died at .Shelburne, Vermont, Sep- 
tember 23, 18.56. 

Meehan, John S,; was born in New York in 
1793; received a good education': settled in 'VViush- 
:iigton City at an early day; was Librarian of Con- 
gress from 1829 to the time of his death, irliich oc- 
curred in 1861. He had an extensive knowledge of 
books, and was popular in his official position. 

Meeker, Benjamin B,; was an early emigrant 
to the Territory of Minnesota; in 1850 was apjiointed 
a .ludge of the United States Court for that District. 

Meigs, Henry; was bom in New Haven, Con- 
necticut, October 28, 1782; graduated at Y'ale College 
in 1798: was educated a lawyer; was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from New York City from 
1819 to 1821; for many years was an active officer. 
Recording Secretary, and Trustee of the American 
Institute in New York; it was said of him as some- 
thing remarkable, that he never wore an overcoat, 
never had a sore throat or headache, and, when seventy 
years of age, did not use glasses. Died in New York, 
May 20, 1861, 

Meigs, Josiah ; was the second man apjiointed 
to be Commissioner of the General T,and Ollice in 
Washington, having been appointed in 1814, and re- 
maining in office until 1822. 

Meigs, Return J.; was a native of Middletown, 
Connecticut; graduated at Yale College in 1785; was 
a lawyer by profession; removed to Ohio: became a 
.ludge of the Sujireme Court of the St:ite; was a Sena- 
tor in Congress from 1808 to 1810; was Governor of 
the State from 1810 to 1814; was appointed Po,st- 
master-General of the United States in 1814, and held 
the office nine yeai-s. Died at Marietta, March 29, 
1825, 



340 



BIUCiRAPHICAL AXNALS. 



Mellen, Prentiss ; was born in Sterling, Massa- 
(.-husetts. October 11, 1764: graduated at Cambridge 
in 1784; studied law, and settled at Bridgewater; in 
1792 became a citizen of Biddetbrd. Maine, and iu 
1806 settled at Portland; in 1817 was chosen a Sena- 
tor in Congress from Massachusetts; a Presidential 
Elector in 1817; on the separation of Maine, in 182U. 
resigned his seat in the Senate, and was elected the 
first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Maine: 
occupied a high position as a lawyer and jurist: in 
1834, after becoming disqualitied by age to serve as 
judge, resumed the practice of law ; his decisions may 
he found in the first eleven volumes of the Maine Re- 
ports; was also a Trustee of Bowdoin (College from 
1817 to 18:_!6, and in 1838 received the degree of 
LL.I). from that institution. Died at Portland, De- 
cember 31, 1840. 

Mellish, David B, ; was born in Oxford, Massa- 
chusetts, January 2, 1831; received a good English 
education; worked in a printing-office for a time, and 
then taught a school ; served two years as a proof- 
reader in the office of the New York Trihnne : was for 
several yeare a stenographer for the civil authorities, 
and also wrote for the newspapers; in 1871 was ap- 
pointed an Assistant Appraiser in the Custom House; 
in 1872 was elected a Representative to the Forty- 
third Congress, serving on the Committee on Invalid 
Pensions. Having been taken suddenly ill, died at 
the Government tlospital for the Insane, Mav 23, 
1874. 

Menifee, Richard H. ; was a member of Con- 
gress from Kentucky from 1837 to 1839. Died at 
Frankfort. February 21, 1841. 

Menzies, Jolin W.; was born in Fayette County, 
Kentucky. April 12, 1819; graduated at the Univers- 
ity of Virginia in 1840; studied law and came to the 
bar in 1841, establishing himself in Covington, Ken- 
tucky, where he practiced his profession; in 1848 and 
1855 was elected to the General Assembly of Ken- 
tucky; in 1861 was elected a Representative from 
Kentucky to the Tliirty -seventh Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Elections and Unfinished Busi- 
ness: was a Delegate to the ''Chicago Convention" 
of 18ii4. 

Mercer, Charles Fenton ; was born in Fred- 
ericksburg. Virginia. .June (>. 1778; graduated at 
Princeton in 1797; in 1798. while a student of law, 
tendered his services to General Washington for the 
defense of the country against a threatened invasion 
by tiie French, and received from him a commission 
as first Lieutenant of Cavalry; soon after that of 
Captain, which he declined, not intending to devote 
his life to the military profession; in 1803, after 
spending a year in Europe, returned and practiced 
law; from 1810 to 1817 was a member of the General 
Assembly of Virginia; in 1811 was again called to 
military duty by tlie General tiovernment; in 1813 
,was appointed Aid to the Governor, and rose to the 
rank of Brigadier-General of Militia, having com- 
mand of the forces at Nortblk; in 1816, as Chairman 
of the Committee on Finance, in the Legislature, 
devoted his time to the promotion of internal im- 
provements; was chief supporter of the measure for 
the construction of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, 
and was appointed President of the Canal Company ; 
was a member of Congress Irom 1817 to 1840; in 
1853 visited Europe from philanthropic motives, at 
his own expense, and used his efforts for the entire 
abolition of the African slave-trade, conferring with 
the chief executive officers of most of the kingdoms 
of Europe on the subject. Died at Howard, near 
Alexandria, Virginia, Mav 4. 1858. 



Mercer, James ; was born in Hampshire Coun- 
ty, Virginia; graduated at William and Marj' Col- 
lege in 1767; was a member of the House of Bur- 
gesses; a member of all the Virginia Conventions, 
and of the Committee of Safety; was a Delegate to 
the Continental Congress in 1779 and 1780; a Judge 
of Admiralty, and of the First Court of Appeals of 
Virginia. Died in 1793, aged about fifty years. 

Mercer, John F.; was a soldier of the Revolu- 
tion ; was a member of the old Congress from Vir- 
ginia from 1782 to 1785; was a member, from Jlary- 
land, of the Convention which formed the Federal 
Constitution, but did not sign that instrument; a 
Representjitive in the new Congress from 1792 ta 
1794; Governor of Maryland from 1801 to 1803; also 
a member of the Legislature of that State. Died at 
Philadelphia, August 30, 1821, in the sixty-fourth 
year of his age. 

Mercur, Ulysses ; was born in Towanda, 

Bradford f bounty. Pennsylvania, Auaust 12, 1818; 
graduated at Jefferson College in 1842; studied law 
while in college, and came to the bar in 1843; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1860; in March, 1861, was 
appointed President . I udge of the Thirteenth Judicial 
District of Pennsylvania, and electfd to the office in 
October following for a term of ten years, but re- 
signed on being elected, in 1864, a Representative 
I from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
j serving on the Committees on the District of Colum- 
bia and Southern Railroads; re-elected to the Fortieth 
and Forty-first Congresses, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Claims, .ludiciary. and Mileage. 

Meredith, Samuel ; was bom in Philadelphia 
in 1750; was among the first to espouse the cause of 
the Revolution, in which he served and suffered, and 
acquitted himself with credit at the battles of Tren- 
ton and Princeton; was one of those who enjoyed the 
confidence and friendship of Washingtou; served for 
a time in the Colonial Legislature of Pennsylvania; 
was a Delegate from that State to the Continental 
Congress iu 1787 and 1788; on the organization of the 
Federal Government was appointed, by President 
Washington, Treasurer of the United States, in 
which office he continued until 1801, when he re- 
signed. Died at Belmont, his seat in Wayne County, 
Pennsylvania, in 1817. He and his brother-in-law, 
George Cl.ymer, gave £10,000 in silver to carry on the 
war. 

Meredith, "WUliam M.; was born in Philadel- 
phia, Pennsylvania, .lime 6, 1799; received a liberal 
education; adopted the profession of the law; was a 
member of the State Constitutional Convention of 
1837; was Secretary of the Ti-easury from 1849 to 
1850 ; Attorney-General of Pennsylvania from 1861 to 
1867; President of the State Constitutional Conven- 
tion of 1872. Died in Philadelphia, which had 
always been his residence, August 17, 1872. 

Meri'wrether, David ; was born in Virginia in 
1755; was a Lieutenant in the Revolutionarv Armv; 
served in New Jersey; was taken prisoner at the 
siege of Savannah; iu 1785, settled in Wilkes Coun- 
ty, Georgia, which he represented in the Legislature 
for several terms; was a Representative in Congress- 
from that State from 1802 to 1807; was a warm 
supporter of Jefferson, who appointed him a Com- 
missioner to treat with the Creek Indians. He also, 
with General .Tackson and Grovemor McMin of Ten- 
ne.ssee, concluded a treaty with the Cherokees by 
which a large Territory west of the Appalachee River 
was ceded to the United States. Died near Athens, 
Greorgia, in November, 1822. 



BIOGRAPHICAL AN N A L .S . 



:i41 



Meri'wether, David ; was a Seoator iu Congress 
from Kenliicky, by appointment, for one session, in 
1852: was appointed, by President Pierce, May 6, 
18.53, Governor of the Territory of New Mexico. 

Merivrether, I. A.; was born in Georgia; wa.s a 
Representative in Congicss from that iState from 18-11 
to 1843. 

Meriwether, James; was born in Wilkes 
County, Georgia; was a Representative in Congre.ss 
from Georgia, from 182."i to 1827. 

Merriata, Clinton L.; was born in Leyden, 
New York. March 2.5, 1824: received an academic 
education; engaged in banking and mercantile pur- 
suits; removed to New York City in 1847, where he 
conducted an importing and jobbing business; iu 
1860 established a banking and stock-commission 
house, from which lie retired in 1864; was elected to 
the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Banking and Currency. 

Merrick, 'William D.; was born in Maryland; 
filled several prominent positions in that State; 
served in the United States Senate from 1838 to 
1845. Bied in Washington, District of Columbia, 
February 5, 18.57, at an advanced age. Was the 
author of the cheap postage scheme in Congress, and 
a man of influence; was the father of William M. 
Merrick. 

Merrick, William M.; was bom iu Charles 
County, Maryland. September 1. 1818; received a 
liberal education; studied law and came to the bar 
in Baltimore in 18.39; settled in Frederick in 1844; 
was appointed Deputy Attorney-General for that 
county in 1845.- serving five years; removed to AVash- 
ington City in 1854, and was appointed Associate 
Judge of the United States Circuit (^'ourt of the Dis- 
trict of Columbia; when this court was .abolished, in 
1863, he retired to Maryland to the practice of his 
profession; in 1866 and 1867 was Senior Professor of 
Law in Columbian College; was a member of the 
State Constitutional Convention of 1867; was elected 
to the Maryland Legislature in 1870; was a Repre- 
sentative to the Forty-second Congress, after which 
time he resided in Howard County, practicing his 
profession in Baltimore; on May 1, 1885, was ap- 
pointed, by President Cleveland, an Associate Justice 
of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia. 

Merrill, Asrres P.; was a resident of Mississippi ; 
in 1876 was appointed United States Minister to 
Belgium. 

Merrill, Q-eorge "W. ; was born in Turner. 
Maine, June 26, 1837; received an academic and 
collegiate education, graduating from Bowdoin Col- 
lege, Maine, in 1859; during college vacations studied 
law; in 1859 went to l^vansville, Indiana, where he 
continued the study of law; was admitted to the bar 
in 1861; soon alterwards entered the Union Army, 
and was commissioned Fii-st Lieutenant of Company 
F, Sixtieth liegiment of Indiana Volunteei-s: was 
promoted to the Captaincy of his Company, and sub- 
sequently to Major of liis Regiment; was taken pris- 
oner at Mumlbrdsville; after leaving tlie armj- re- 
moved to Nevada, and engaged in the practice of his 
profession; was District Attorney for about twelve 
years; in 1880 was elected a Rei)resentative in the 
State Legislature, and at the session of 1881 was 
elected Speaker; in 1883 was appointed Land At- 
torney of the State, witii headijuarters at Washing- 
ton. District of Columbia; in 1885 was appointed 
Mini»ter Ke.sident of the United States to the Haw- 
aiian Islands. 



Merrill, Orsamus C; was In.rn in Vermont in 
1776; was a Representative in Congress from Ver- 
mont from 1817 to 1820, when his .seat was succe.s.s- 
fuUy contested by R. C. Mallory; also held the posi- 
tions of County Attorney for two years. State Coun- 
cilor for four years. State Senator for one year, lieg- 
ister of Probate for two years, and .Judge of I'robate 
for six years; died at Bennington, April 11, 1865. 

Merrill, Samuel ; was born in Turner, Oxford 
County, Maine, Augu.st 7, 1822; received a common- 
school education; in 1847 began the mercantile busi- 
ness in New Hampshire; in 1854 and 18.55 was elected 
to the State Legislature; went to Iowa in 1856; in 
1860 was elected to the Legislature of that State; in 
1862 entered the Volunteer Army and was commis- 
sioned a Colonel; was wounded seriously at the bat- 
tle of Black River Bridge and thus compelled to 
close his military career; was subsequently elected 
Governor of Iowa, serving in that capacity liom 1868 
to 1872, taking a special interest in the internal im- 
provements of the Northwestern States, and accom- 
plishing much good for his adopted State. 

Merriman, Truman Adams ; was born in Au- 
burn, New York, September 5, 1839; was educated in 
the public schools, at the Auburn Academy, and at 
Hobart College, Geneva, New York, graduating from 
the latter institution in 1861; entered the Union 
Army in September, 1861. as Captain in the Ninety- 
second New York Infantry; was mustered out of ser- 
vice in December, 1864, as Lieutenant-Colonel; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar iu 1867; 
settled in New York City; entered the profession of 
journali.sm in 1871; in 1884 was elected a Representa- 
tive from New York to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Merrimon, Augustus S. ; was bom in Bun- 
combe County. Nortli Carolina. .September 15, 1830; 
received a common school education; studied law; 
came to the bar in 1851: was elected Attorney in sev- 
eral counties; was a member of the Legislature of 
North Carolina in 1860; Solicitor of the Eighth .lo- 
dicial District from 1861 to 1865; was elected a 
Judge of the Superior Court in 1866, but in 1867 re- 
signed rather than obey a military order; was elected 
to the United States Senate for the term commenc- 
ing in 1873 and ending in 1879. serving on the Com- 
mittees on C'laims, Post Office and Post Roads, and 
Revision of Rules. 

Merritt, Samuel A.; was born in Staunton, 
Virginia, August 15, 1828; was educated .at the 
Staunton Academy, and graduated at Wa.shiugtou 
College in 1848; studied law, and reiuo\'ed to Califor- 
nia; was County Clerk in 18,50: a member of the 
.State Assembly in 1851 and 18.52: a member of the 
State Senate in 1857, 1858, 18.59, 1860, 1.-'61, and 
1862; was elected to the Forty-second Congress. 
tf 

Mervin, Orange; was born in Litchfield, Con- 
necticut; was a Representative in Congre.ss from Con- 
necticut from 1825 to 1829. 

Metcalf, Arunah ; was a native of New Vork; 
was a Representative in Congress from that Slate 
from 1811 to 1813: subsequently served four years in 
the Assembly of New York Irom Otsego County. 

Metcalf, Ralph ; was born in Charlestown, New 
Hampshire, November 21, 1798: graduated at Dart- 
mouth College in 1823; worked on a farm until the 
age of eighteen; began the jjraclice of law :U New- 
piirt in l'-!26: was Secretary of .State fur several years 
from 1830; held :»Clerkship in Washington from i'^'iH 
U> 1840; was Register of I'roliate for Sullivan Countv 
in 184.5; wa.s Chairman of the i'ouwnittee for compil- 



342 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



ing the laws of the State in 1852; a member of the 
House of Eepiesentatives of the State m 1852 and 
1853; was Governor of New Hampshire in 1855 and 

1850. 



Metcalfe, Henry B.; was born in Albany, New 
York .January 2U. 1805; removed, with his father, to 
New York City in 1811; in 1816 removed to the 
County of Richmond; was a law student in his father's 
office, and went to the barinl8-i6; in that year suc- 
ceeded his father, George Metcalfe, as District At- 
torney for Richmond County, liolding the office seven 
years; in 1840 was apjiointed County Judge; in 1842 
became connected with the revenue service at Staten 
Island; was a member of the Convention which nom- 
inated Zachary Taylor lor President, but his vote was 
cast for Henry Clay ; was County Judge from 1847 to 
1874, when he was elected a Representative trom 
New York to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Metcalfe, Lyne S.; was born in Madisonville. 
Kentucky, April 21, 1822; received a common school 
education, and took a partial course at Shurtleff, and 
Illinois Colleges; removed to Illinois in 1838; in 1844 
engaged in business at Alton, in that state; was, for 
several years, a member of the Board of Alderman, 
and, afterward Mayor of the city; at the commence- 
ment of the War of the Rebellion entered the Federal 
Service as Captain and Assistant Quartermaster and 
rose to the rank of Colonel ; removed to Saint Louis, 
Missouri, in 1863; served in the City Council there; 
was elected a Representative from Missouri to the 
Forty-fifth Congress. 

Metcalfe, Thomas ; was born in Fauquier 
Coimty, Virginia, March 20, 1780; when quite young 
his parents emigiated to Kentucky, and settled in 
Fayette, where his education was restricted to tin- 
advantages of a few months' attendance at a country 
school; worked at the trade of a mason, but em- 
ployed his leisure hours in study, and soon developed 
ren'iarkable intellectual abilities; in 1809 first ap- 
peared as a public speaker, in defense of his couutry 
against British oppression; served in the war of 1812; 
in 1813 commanded a Company of Infantry at the 
battle of Fort Meigs, and greatly distinguished him- 
self for his bravery ; was subsequently a member of 
the Kentucky Legislature for several years; was a 
Representative in Congress from 1819 to 18251, when 
he was elected Governor of Kentucky, which office 
he held until 18:i3; in 1834 was elected to the State 
Senate, and in 1840 was chosen Presidcntof the Board 
of Internal Improvement ; in 1848 was appointed and 
elected to fill the unexpired term of Mr. Crittenden 
in the Senate ol' the United States, after which he re- 
tired to his farm between Maysville and Le.xington; 
he boasted of his labors as a stone-mason, and de- 
lighted in being called the ''Uld Stone Hammer." 
Died in Nicholas County, Kentucky, August 18, 
1855. 

Meyers, Benjamin F.; was born in Centreville, 
Pennsylvania, July 6, 1833; received an academic 
education at Somerset, and at Jetferson College. 
Pennsylvania; studied law and was admitted to the 
bar in"l855; was a member of the State Legislature 
in 1864; a Delegate to the Democratic National Con- 
vention in 186 1 ; became editor and proprietor of the 
Bedford Gazette in 18.">7. and one of the proprietors 
and editor-in-chief of the Harrisburg Daily Patriot 
in 1868; was elected to the Forty-second Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Public Expenditures. 

Middles'warth, Ner ; was bom in New Jersey; 
on removing to Pennsylvania was elected to the State 
Legislature and made Speaker; was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from that State from 1853 to 
18.55. Died June 2, 1865. 



Middleton, Arthur ; was born on Ashley River, 
South Carolina, in 1743; after a course of studies at 
Westminster, graduated at Cambridge, England; 
traveled two years in Europe; on his return home 
was placed on various local committees looking to 
liberty; in 1775 was one of the " Council of Safety "; 
was the author of the first draught of the State Con- 
stitution ; was a Delegate to the Continental Congress 
from 1776 to 1778. and again from 1781 to 1783, and 
si .rued the Declaration of Independence; on the sur- 
render of Charleston was taken prisoner, but was re- 
leased in a few months by exchange; served frequent- 
ly in the State Legislature; while attempting to re- 
trieve his fortune, which had been seriously affected 
by the war, lie died January 1 , 1788. His father, 
Henry Middleton, and his grandfather, Arthur Mid- 
dletoii, were both identified with the earliest history 
of South Carolina, .and he had a son, John Izard Mid- 
dleton, who acquired reputation as an author. 



Middleton, George ; was born in Phil.adelphia, 
October 14, 1811; came of the old stock of the Society 
of Friends; received a common school education; 
while yet a boy removed with his father to New Jer- 
sey, and settled in Burlington; was, for many years, 
engaged in the business of tanning; was twice elected 
to the Legislature of New Jersey; was noted in his 
district as a local peace-maker among his neighboi-s; 
was elected a Representative from New Jersey to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Agriculture and on Expenditures in the Interior 
Department. 

Middleton, Henry; was born in South Caro- 
lina and was the son of Arthur Middleton; was a 
Delegate from South Carolina to the Continental 
Congress from 1774 to 1776, and was the second mem- 
ber called to officiate as President of that body; his 
grandson, bearing the same name, was subsequently 
a Representative in the Federal Congress. 

Middleton, Henry ; was a native of South Caro- 
lina born in 1771; was chosen a Representative in 
the State Legislature in 1801; then State Sen.ator un- 
til elected Governor, in 1810; from 1815 to 1819 w.as 
a Representative in Congress, and in 1820 was ap- 
pointed, by President Monroe, Minister to Russia, 
which position he filled for many years. Died in 
Charleston, South Carolina, June 14. 1846. Grand- 
son of Heniy, the Delegate to the Continental Cou- 
oress, and the father of Edward Middleton, a Com- 
modore in the United States Navy, and he also had a 
son Arthur, who was for many years Secretary ol Le- 
gation in Spain. 

Miflain, Thomas; was bom at Philadelphia iu 
1744; was educated for mercantile pursuits, and after 
a totir in Europe, entered business with his brother; 
in 1772 was a RepresentatiTe from Philadelphia in 
the Provincial Assembly; was a Delegate to the Con- 
tinental Congress from Pennsylvania from 1774 to 
1776; distinguished himself as Major in the army at 
the battle jof Lexington; in 1776 was appointed Quar- 
termaster-General, and subsequently Brigadier-Gen- 
eral, and in 1777 attained the r.ank of Major-General ; 
was' active in raising new regiments for the war pre- 
vious to the battle of Trenton; in 1782 was again sent 
!is Delegate to the Continental Congress, serving until 
1783, and w.as President of thiit body; in 1785 was 
Speaker of the State Legislature; in 1787 was a mem- 
ber of the Convention which framed the Constitu- 
tion of the United States, and signed that instmment; 
iu 1788 was made President of the Supreme Executive 
Council; commanded the Pennsylvania troops during 
the Whiskv InsuiTection ; in 1790 was a member of 
the Convention for forming the State Constitution of 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



:m;j 



PeaDsylvania. aud was chosen first Governor ; served 
nine years, and was ajjain sent to the Legislature. 
Died January 21, 1800. 

Miles, Frederick; was born at Goshen, Con- 
necticut, December 19, 1815; received a common 
.school and academic education; became a merchant; 
in 18.>8 removed to Chapinville and engaged in the 
iron business; in 1877 was elected a State Senator for 
a term of two years, resigned in 1879, having been 
elected a Kepresentative from Connecticut to the 
Forty -sixth Congress; was re-elected to the Foi'ty- 
seventh Congress: declined a re-nomination. 

Miles, "W. Porcher; was born in Charleston, 
South Carolina, in July, 1828; prepared for College 
at the '"Wellington School," aud graduated at the 
Charleston College ; studied law ; was for several 
year.s Assistant Professor of Mathematics in Charles- 
ton College; was Mayor of Charleston in 1856 and 
18.57, and inaugurated the present police system of 
that city, and also the present system of tidal drains 
for the same; was elected a Representative from 
South Carolina to the Thirty-fifth Congress, and re- 
elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress; was a frequent 
contributor to the Southent Quarterly Heriav, and de- 
livered a number of literary and patriotic addresses; 
it ought to be mentioned that when the yellow fever 
was raging in Norfolk, in 1855, Mr. Miles visited 
that city as a humanitarian, and for that conduct was 
rewarded with the office of Mayor of Charleston; was 
re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress; was elected 
a member of the South Carolina ' ' Seceding Conven- 
tion," in 1860, and resigned his seat in Congress; 
served as a Colonel in the Confederate Army and as 
a member of the Confederate Congress. 

Millard, Stephen C; was boru at Stamford' 
Vermont, January 14, 1840: received a classical edu- 
cation, graduating from Williams College in 1865; 
studied law; removed to Binghamton. New York, in 
1867; was admitted to the bar in that year and en- 
gaged in the practice of law ; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from New York to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Milledge, John ; was born in Savannah, Geor- 
gia, and was descended from one of the early settlers 
of the colony; frequently served in the Legislature; 
in 1780 was appointed Attorney-General of the State, 
and Governor in 1802; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1792 to 1802, excepting one term, and a 
Senator of the United States from 1806 to 1809, serv- 
ing for a session as President pro tern, of the Senate; 
was the principal founder of the University of Geor- 
gia, and presented the land which forms its site. 
Pied at his country-seat, at the Sand Hills, February 
9, 1818. His memory was honored by an act of the 
Legislatiu-e, naming the capital of the State Mil- 
ledge ville. 

Millen. John ; was born in Savannah, Georgia, 
in 1804; was educated a lawyer: .served in the Legis- 
lature of Georgia. Died near Savannah, October 15, 
184o. about ten da.vs after his election to a seat in the 
National House of Representatives in the Twenty- 
eighth Congress. 

Miller, Andre'W G.; was a native of Pennsylva- 
nia; was an early emigrant to Wisconsin; was one of 
the earliest Territorial .Judges; about the year 1849 
was appointed United States ,ludge for the District 
of Wisconsin, residing at Milwaukee. 

Miller, Daniel F.; was born in .\I1egheny Coun- 
ty, Maryland. October 14. 1814: studied law in Pitts- 
burgh, and was admitted to the bar in I8I18: emi- 



grated to Iowa in 1839; during the following year 
was elected to the Legislature of that Territory; in 
1848 was the Whig candidate for Congress; bis seat 
having been contested, a new election took place in 
1850, when he was elected for the term ending in 
1851; in 1856 was a Presidential Elector. 

Miller, Daniel H.; was a native of Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania ; was a Representative in Congress 
from that State from 1823 to 1831. Died many years 
ago. 

Miller, George P.; was boru in Chillisiiuaque, 
Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, September 
5, 1809; received an academic education laboring to 
support himself during vacations; studied law and 
came to the bar in 1833; took an active part in local 
politics, but frequently declined nominations for 
county and State oflices; was, for a number of years, 
Secretary of the Lewisburg University in Pennsylva- 
nia; in 1864 was elected a Kepresentative from Penn- 
sylvania to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Roads and Canals, and Expenditures 
in the War Department; re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Pensioirs and 
Revolutionary Pensions. 

Miller, Horace H.; was a citizen of Mississippi; 
from 1852 to 1854 was Charge d' Affaires to Bolivia. 

Miller, Jacob "W.; was born in Morris Connty> 
New .lersey, in 1802; was bred a lavs^'er; was a Sen- 
ator in Congress from New Jersey from 1841 until 
185.'!. Died at Morristovvn, New .lersev. September 
30. 1862. 

Miller, James ; was born in Peterborough, New 
Hampshire, April 25, 1776; studied law; entered the 
army in 1808 as a Major; in 1812 was brevetted a 
Colonel for gallantry at Fort George; in 1814 was ap- 
l)ointed a Colonel, and fought at Cliippewa and 
Lundy's Lane: it was he who said, when asked by 
General Scott if he could take a certain battery, " I'll 
try, sir"; was subsequently made a Major-General 
and received a gold medal from Congress; resigned 
his commission in the army in 1819, and was made 
Governor of the Territory of Arkansas, where he 
served until 1825; from that year until 1849 was Col- 
lector of Customs at Salem, Massachusetts. Died in 
Temple, New Hampshire. July 7, 1851. 

Miller, James P.; was born in Tennessee, 
.\ugust 1, 1832; received a classical education at a 
private school; studied law; was admitted to the bar 
in 1856, and engaged in the practice of law; re- 
moved to Texas and engageil in stock-raising in ad- 
dition to the practice of his profession ; never was a 
candidate for, or held, any public office until elected 
a Representative from Texas to the i'orty-cighth Con- 
gress; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Miller, Jesse ; was a Re]>resentative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania from 1836 to 1837; was appointed, 
by President .Taekson, Rrst Auditor of the 'lYeasiiry, 
aud held the position until 1841; was Canal Com- 
missioner of Pennsylvania in 1845 and 1846; was 
^Secretary of State from 1816 to 1848, serving for a 
short time as Acting Governor of the State. Died at 
Harrisburg, August 20, 1850. 

Miller, John ; was born in Amenia. Dutchess 
County, New York, November 10, 1774; was educated 
at i)rivat€ schools; in 1793 commenced tlie study of 
MKdicine, and attended lectures at the University ot 
Pennsylvania; was chosen Vice-President of the 
Cortland County Medical .\.ssociation in 1808: from 
1805 to 1825 was Postmaster of Truxton; from 1812 



34-4 



BIOOKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



to 1321 vv;is a Justice of the Peace: was a member of 
the State Legislature in 1817, 1820, and 1845; ivas a 
Reprasentative from New York to the Nineteeuth 
Congress: was a Delegate to the "State Constitu- 
tional Convention" of 1846. Died in March, 1S62. 

Miller, Jolm ; was distinguished for his courage 
as an officer in the last war with England: soon 
after the struggle was appointed Register of the 
Land Office in Missouri; was subsequently elected 
Governor of the State, servingfrom 1826 to 1832, was 
at one time editor of the Western Herald, at Steuben- 
ville, Ohio; was a Representative in Congress from 
Missouri from 1837 to 1843. Died near Florrissant, 
Missouri, March 18, 1846. 

Miller, John F. ; was born in Indiana in 1831; 
received an academic education; studied law. and 
graduated at the New York State Law School in 
1852; commenced practice at South Bend. Indiana: 
soon afterward went to California, where he lemained 
three years, and then returned to Indiana; was a 
State Senator in 1860; resigned to enter the Union 
Ai-my in 1861: served throughout the war, rising to 
the rank of Brigadier-General and Brevet Major- 
General; returned to California, and became Col- 
lector of the Port of San Francisco, serving four 
years, and declining a re-appointment ; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1872 and 1876; was a member of 
the State Constitutional Convention of 1879; was 
elected a Senator of the United States from California 
for the term of six years, from March, 1881. Died at 
Washington. March 8, 1886. 

Miller, John G.; was born in Kentucky; in 183."> 
emigrated to Missouri; in 1840 was elected to the 
State Legislature; from 1853 to the time of his death 
was a Representative in Congress from Mis.souri. 
Died in Saline ('ounty, Missouri, May 11, 1856, aged 
forty-four years. 

Miller, John K.; was born in Ohio; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from that State, from ls47 to 
1851. 

Miller, Joseph ; was born in Ohio: was elected 
a Representative from that State to the Thirty-fifth 
Congress, and was a member of the Committees on 
Unfinished Business and Expenditures in the Navy 
Department; was subsequently appointed United 
States .Tndge for the Territory of Nebraska. 

Miller, Joseph Samuel ; was born at Barbours- 
ville. Cabell County. Virginia (now West Virginia) 
August 17, 1848; received an academii- education; 
studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1870. and 
engag.ed in the practice of law; was Clerk of the 
Circuit and County Courts of Cabell County for sev- 
eral years; was Clerk of the State Senate" of West 
Virginia from 1872 to 1876; in the latter year was 
elected Auditor of West Virginia; was re-elected in 
1880, serving until March 4, 1885; on March 20, 
1885, was appointed, by President Cleveland, Com- 
missioner of internal K'evenue, at Washington City. 

Miller, Killian ; was born in Claverack, Colum- 
bia County. New York. .Tuly 30, 1785; received a 
good common school education, with instruction in 
the Latin and Greek languages; studied law, and 
was admitted to practice in 1806; from that time 
continued to pursue his profession, removing from 
Livingston to Hudson City in 1833; in 1824 and 1827 
was a member of the General Assembly; in 1837 was 
elected County Clerk, which office he held for three 
years; in 1854 was chasen a Representative in the 
Til iity-fou It h Congress. 



Miller, Morris S.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York, from 1813 to 1815; in 1819 
was appointed a Commissioner to superintend a 
treaty with the Seneca Indians; was also Judge of a 
County Court. Died at Utica, November 15, 1824, 
aged forty-five years. 

Miller, Nathan ; was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress from Rhode Island, in 1785 and 1786. 

Miller, N. M.; was appointed Second Assistant 
Postmaster-General in 1844; held the office about one 
year: in 1845 was made Third Assistant in the same 
Department. 

Miller, Pleasant M.; was a Represeutati\e in 
Congress irom Tennessee from 1809 to 1811. 

Miller, Rutger B.; was born in New York; waa 
a Representative from that State in the Twenty-fourth 
Congress, in the place of S. Beardsley, resigned. 

Miller, Samuel F.; was born in Richmond. 
Kentucky, April 5, 1816; graduated at the Univers- 
ity of Transylvania; after taking the degree of Doc- 
tor of Medicine, practiced the profession a few years, 
and tlien turned his attention to the law; having been 
from 1^48 in favor of emancipation, and thotigh gi-u- 
erally taking no jiart in politics, the course of public 
affairs caused him to remove from the State in 1850, 
when he settled in Iowa and became one of the lead- 
ers of the Republican party iu that State; desiring 
no local or State offices, and declining many nomina- 
tions, he attended wholly to his profession; in 1862 
was appointed, by President Lincoln, a Justice of the 
Supreme Court of the United States. 

Miller Samuel F.; was born in Franklin. Dela- 
ware County, New York. May 27, 1827; graduated at 
Hamilton College in 1852; studied law. and came to 
the bar in 1853, but instead of practicing the profes- 
sion, turned his attention to farming and lumbering; 
in 1854 was elected to the New York Legislature: in 
1850 and 1857 was Supervisor of Franklin; was. for 
fifteen years, identified as Colonel with the State 
Militia; in 1862 was elected a Representative from 
New York to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Public Lands; was a Delegate to 
the "State Constitutional Convention " of 1867; was 
subsequently a member of the State Board of Chari- 
ties; also a Collector of Internal Revenue, and was 
elected to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Miller. Samuel H.; was born in Mercer County, 
Pennsylvania, April 19, 1840; graduated from Wcs"t- 
minster College in 1860; taught school one winter; 
published and edited the Mercer Dinpatih from 1861 
to 1870; was admitted to the bar at Mercer, Pennsvl- 
vania. in 1870. aud engaged in the practice ol' law; 
was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

MUler, Smith ; was a native of North Carolina; 
when a youth removed with his father to indiaua; 
his education was limited; engaged in farming as an 
occupation; was a member of both branches of the 
Legislature of Indiana; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1853 to 1855. 

Miller, Stephen ; was Go\ernor of Minnesota 
from 1863 to 1866. 

Miller, Stephen D., w;is born in the Waxsavf 
Settlement. South Carolina, in May, 1787; gi-aduated 
at the South Carolina College in \808; adopted the 
profession of the law; came to the bar in 1812: served 
in the South Carolina Senate ia 1822; represented liia 
native State in the Lower House of Congress from 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



345 



1814 to 1819; was Governor of South Carolina from 
1828 to 1830; was elected a Senator in Congress for 
the term from 1831 to 1837, but resigned on atoount 
of his health at the end of two years. Died at Ray- 
mond, Mississippi, March 8, 1838, having removed 
to that State in 183.'), where he was an extensive 
planter. 

Miller, "Warner ; was born in Oswego County, 
New York, August 12, 1838; graduated at Union 
College in ISfiO; served in the Union Army during 
the SVar of the Rebellion; became engaged in the 
manufacture of paper, and in agricultural pursuits; 
was a Delegate to the Republican National Conven- 
tion of 1872; was elected a Representative in the 
State Legislature in 1874 and 1875; was elected a 
Representative from New York to the Forty-sixth 
and Forty-seventh Congressess; resigned in 1881, 
upon being elected a Senator of the United States 
from New York for the unexpired term of Thomas C. 
Piatt, resigned, which began on March 4, 1881. 

Miller, "William ; was born in Warren County, 
North Carolina; from 1810 to 1814 served in the 
Legislature; was Governor of the State from 1814 to 
1817; in 182.5 was appointed Charge fPAffuiiTs to 
Guatemala; died before entering upon his duties. 

Miller, "William H.; was born in Perry County, 
Pennsylvania. .January 29, 1828; graduated at Mar- 
shall College, Franklin, Pennsylvania; in 18.54 was 
appointed Clerk of the Supreme Court of his native 
State, which office he held until 18(j3: was elected a 
Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Committee on Invalid 
Pensions. His father. .lesse Miller, was also a Rep- 
resentative in Congress. 

Miller, "Williara R.; was born near Batesville, 
Independence County, Arkansas, November 27, 1823; 
passed his childhood and youth assisting his father in 
his farm duties; his education was limited to an oc- 
casional school attendance, but he improved such ad- 
vantages as were atiorded him; in 1843 was ap- 
pointed, by the Governcn- of Arkansas, the Agent of 
the State in the selection of lands granted the State 
by the General Government, serving several months: 
from .June to November, 1h44, was Quartermaster- 
General on the staff of the (iovernor; in September, 
184(i. was appointed Deputy t'lerk for Indei)endence 
County, serving two years; in 1847 was also an Al- 
derman of the town of Batesville; in 1848 was ap- 
pointed a Notary Public; in the same year was 
elected Clerk of Independence County; was re-elected 
in 1850, 18.52, and 18.54; while serving as Clerk, 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar of the Su- 
preme Court of Arkansas; in August, 1854, resigned 
as County Clerk to accept the appointment of State 
Auditor for an unexpired term; wiis defeated, as a 
candidate before the State Legislature for a full term ; 
in 1855 was appointed, by the Governor. Accountant 
of the Real Estate Bank of Arkansas, then in liijuid- 
ation; continued in that pf)sition until November, 
1856, when he was again chosen Auditor of the State; 
in 1857 removed to Little Rock, Arkansas; served as 
Auditor, by re-elections, until disphiced. under the 
proclamation of President Lincoln, at the close of the 
Civil War. in 18t)5; at the ensuing election, in 1.S66, 
was again elected Auditor; in 1HH8, at an election 
held under the new Constitution, was again super- 
seded; returned to Batesville and resumed the prac- 
tice of his profession; in 1874 was again elected 
Auditor of the State, serving until .January, 1877; 
in 1876 was elected Governor of Arkansas; was re- 
elected in 1878, serving until 1881; in 1«T4 again 



took up his residence in Little Rock; was Deputy 
State Treasurer in 1881 and 1882; in 1886 was again 
elected State Auditor. 

Miller, "William S.; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1845 to 1847, and a 
man of high cultivation. Died in New York City, 
November 9, 1854. 

Milligan, John ; was born in Cecil County, 
Maryland, December 10, 1795; after recei-iang an 
academic education, entered Princeton College, and 
remained three years; then studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to practice in New Castle County, Delaware, 
in 1818; pursued his profession for several years, but 
subsequently retired to a country-seat near Wil- 
mington; in 1830 was elected ameurber of the House 
of Representatives in Congress from Delaware, and 
served from 1831 to 1839; in 1839 was appointed, by 
the Governor, .ludge of the Superior Court of the 
.State of Delaware. 

Milligan, Samiiel ; was a citizen of Tennessee, 
from which State he was appointed an Associate Jus- 
tice of the United States Court for the Territory of 
Nebraska, residing at Dakota City. 

Milliken, Seth L. ; was born at Montville, 
Maine, December 12, 1831; removed to Camden. 
Maine, in 1848 ; received a classical education ; 
graduating from Union College in 1856; was, the 
same year, elected a Representative in the State 
Legislature, and was re-elected the following year; 
studied law and was admitted to the bar; was Clerk 
of the Supreme .Judicial Court of the .State, for the 
county of Wardo, from 1859 to 1871, inclusive; was 
a Delegate to the Republican National Convention of 
1876, and was, the same year, a Presidential Elector; 
engaged in the practice of law at Belfast, IMuine; was 
an unsuccessful candidate for Congress in L*80; was 
elected a Representative from Maine to the Forty- 
eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Millikin, Charles "W. ; was born in Graves 
County, Kentucky, August 15, 1827; gr.aduated in 
1849; studied law; was Attorney of Simpson County 
five years; was appointed, in 18(>7, Attorney for the 
Fourth .Judicial District of Kentucky, to till a va- 
cancy; elected the following August to serve out the 
unexpired term, and re-elected in 1868 for a full term 
of six years; resigned in 1872; was elected to the 
Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses, serving on 
the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds; in 
December, 1875, was appointed ('hairman of the 
Committee on Public Expenditures. 

Mills, Elijah H.; was born in 1778; graduated at 
Williams College m 1797; studied law; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congiess from Massachusetts from 1815 
to 1819, and a Senator in Congress from 1820 to 1827. 
Died in Northampton, May 5, 1829. 

Mills, Roger Q.; was born in Todd County, 
Kentucky, March 30, 1832; received a common school 
education; emigrated to Texas in 1849; locating at 
Palestine; studied law; supported himself while pur- 
suing his law studies by portbrming clerical duties 
in tile Post Office and in the ottices of the Court 
Clerks; in 1850 was appointed Engrossing Clerk of 
the State House of Representatives; at the age of 
twenty his disabilities as a minor were removed by 
the Legislature and he was admitted to the bar; en- 
tered ujion the practice of law at Corsicana, Texas, at 
which place he continued, thereafter, to reside; in 
1859 was elected a Representative in the State Legis- 
lature; in 1860 was a Presidential Elector. 



346 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNAL5 



Millson, John S.; was born in \ort'olk, Virginia, 
October 1, 1808, and commenced tlie study of law 
bclbre tlie age of sixteen; held no public office until 
elected a Representative from Virginia in the Tliirty- 
first Congress, which position he filled, by re-elec- 
tions, until 1860, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittees on Commerce and Ways and Means, and of 
the Special Committee of Thirty-three on the Rebel- 
lious Stiites, in 1844 and 1848 was a Presidential 
Elector. Died at Norfolk. \'irginia. February 26, 
1874. 

Mill^vard, John; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was elected a Representative from that State to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving a.s Chairman of the 
Committee on I'atents. 

MiU'wrard, "William ; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1855 to 1857. 

Milnes, "William, Jr.; was born in Yorkshire. 
England, I)eceniber 8. 1827; emigrated to America 
and settled in Pottsville. Pennsylvania; after com- 
pleting an academic education, n|)prenticed himself 
to the blacksmithing business; at the expiration of 
his apprenticeship entered into tlie business of min- 
ing and shipping coal ; in 181)5 i enioved to Virginia 
and purchased the extensive property located in Page 
and liockingham counties known as the Shenandoah 
Iron Works; was elected to the Forty-first (^'ongress 
as a Representative from Virginia, serving on several 
Committees. 

Milnor, James ; was born in Philadelphia, June 
20, 1773; received his education at a grammar school 
and at the University of Pennsylvania, and subse- 
quently studied law; ui 1794 commenced the prac- 
tice of his profession before he was twenty-one years 
of age; from 1811 to 1813 was a Representative from 
Pennsylvania in Congress; in 1811 was elected a 
Delegate to the General Convention of the Episcopal 
Church; in 1814 was ordained a ('lergyman by 
Bishop "Wliite, and in 181(> was called to the Rector- 
ship of S£. George's Church, in New York; was one 
of tlie founders of the New York Deaf and Dumb 
Institution, and after spending the evening in com- 
pany with its Directors, in apparent good health, 
died suddenly, April 8, 1845. 

Milnor, William ; was born in Philadelphia; 
was a Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania 
trom 18U7 to 1811, from 1815 to 1817, and again from 
1821 to 1822. 

Milton, John ; was Governor of Florida from 
1861 to 1864. 

Miner, Ahiman L.; was born in Vermont; was 
Clerk of the \'ermout House of Representatives in 
183() and 1837; a State Representative in 1838, 1839, 
and 1845; a State Senator in 1840; County Attorney 
for two years; Register of Probate for seven years; 
Judge of Probate from 1846 t<i 1849; a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Vermont from ls51 to 1853 
Died July 20, 1885. 

Miner, Charles; was born in Norwich, Con- 
necticut, about tlie year 1778; when a youtli of nine- 
teen, removed, witii his father, to Wilkesbarre, 
Pennsylvania; subsequently settled in Westchester, 
and for many years published tlie ]'illnge liecoi-il in 
that place; was a Representati\e in Congress from 
Pennsylvania from 1825 to 1828, and declined a re- 
election on account of deal'ness; was the author of 
an interesting work, entitled "History of Wyoming": 



and was one of the first men in this country to in- 
troduce and write upon the silk-growing business. 
Died at Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania, October 26, 
1865, vmiversally respected for his high character 
and ability. 

Miner, Phineas ; wa-s an eminent lawyer; was a 
Representative in Congress from Connecticut during 
the years 1834 and 1835, tor an unexpired term. 
Died at Litchfieid, in that State, September 16, 
1839, aged sixty years. 

Minor, William Thomas ; was born at Stam- 
ford, Connecticut, Oct<3ber 3, 1815; graduated at Yalo 
College in 1834; was eight years in the State Legisla- 
ture; Consul-General to Havana from 1864 to 1867; 
was a .ludge of the Supreme Court of Connecticut; 
he received the degree of Doctor of Laws from Wes- 
ley University in 1865. 

Minot, Josiah ; was appointed Fifth Auditor of 
the Treasury in 1855; and Commissioner of Pensions 
in 1856, but only remained in office until the com- 
mencement of 1857. 

Mitchell, Alexander ; was born in Aberdeen- 
shire, Scotland, October 17, 1817; received a good 
education in Scotland; emigrated to the United 
States, and settled in Wisconsin; was a banker; was 
elected a Representative tirom Wisconsin to the For- 
ty-second and Forty-third Congresses, serving on the 
Committee on Bjmking and Currency; was the Dem- 
o(uatic candidate for Governor of Wisconsin in 1879, 
and was defeated. 

Mitchell, Anderson ; was born in Caswell 
County, North Carolina, in 1800; gradiratcd at the 
University of that State in 1821; studied law and 
settled in Wilkes County in 1840, when he was im- 
mediately elected to the Legislature; was a member 
of Congress in 1842 and 1843; was subsequently de- 
voted to his profession. 

Mitchell, Charles B. ; was elected a Senator in 
Congress from .\rkansas for a term of six years, com- 
mencing March 4, 1861, but was expelled by the 
Senate July 11, 1861. 

Mitchell, Charles F.; was born in New York; 
was a Representative in Congress from that Scate 
from 1837 to 1841. 

Mitchell, Charles L.; was born at New Ha\eu, 
Connecticut, August 4, 1844; received an academic ed- 
ucation; then passed two years in a tour around the 
world, visiting points in Europe, Asia, and Africa; en- 
gaged in active business as a member of the firm of 
Mitchell, Vance and Company, and as a Director in the 
Winchester .Vrms Company, the Meriden Britania 
Company, the Tradesman's Bank, of New Haven, 
and other enterprises; was a Representative in the 
State Legislature in 1878; was defeated for State 
Senator in 1879; was elected a Representative from 
Connecticut to the Forty-eighth Congress; was re- 
elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Mitchell, David Bradie ; was born in Scot- 
land, October 22, 1737; removed to Savannah, (ieor- 
gia, in 1783, to fake possession of projierty left by an 
uncle; studied law; was elected Solicitor-General of 
I Georgia in 1795; was a member of the Legislature in 
1796; Governor of the State from 1809 to 1813, and 
from 1815 to 181s; was. afterwards. Agent to the 
Creek Indians, with whom he concluded a treaty 
January 22. 1818. Died at .Milledgcville, (ieorgia, 
April 22, 18:^7. 



E I G K A i* H 1 C A L A N N A L S . 



347 



Mitchell, George E.; was born in Cecil County, 
Maryland; was a Representative in Congress from 
Maryland from 1823 to 1827, and again from 182!) to 
1832. Died in Washington, June 28, 1832. 

Blitchell, Henry ; was born in Woodbury, Con- 
necticut, in 1784; received a liberal education, and 
adopted the profession of medicine; alter practicing 
for a while in Connecticut removed to New York; 
after receiving from Yale College the title of M.D., 
practiced his profession in New York with eminent 
success; in 1827 was elected to the Legislature of his 
adopted State; was a Representative in Congress 
from New York from 183.3 to 1835. Died in Norwich, 
New York, January 12, 13.58. 

Mitchell, James C; was born in Mecklenburg 
County, North Carolina; was a Representative in 
Congress from Tennessee from 1835 to 1829. 

Mitchell, James S.; was born in York Countj', 
Pennsylvania; was a Representative in Congress from 
Pennsylvania from 1821 to 1827. 

Mitchell, John; was born in Perry County, 
Pennsylvania; was a Representative in Congress from 
Pennsylvania from 1825 to 1829. Died at Beaver, 
Pennsylvania, in August, 1849. 

Mitchell, John H.; was born in Washington 
County, Pennsylvania, June 22, 1835; studied and 
practiced law; removed to California, and settled in 
San Francisco; removed to Portland, Oregon, in 18()0. 
and continued his profession; was elected Corpora- 
tion Attorney in 1861; was elected to the State Sen- 
ate in 1862, and served four years, the last two as 
President; in 1865 was commissioned Lieutenant- 
Colouel of Militia; was a candidate for United States 
Senator in 1866, but defeated ; was chosen Professor 
of Medical Jurisprudence in Willamette University 
at Salem. Oregon, in 1867, and served in that position 
nearly four years; was elected to the United States 
Senate for the term eonmuncing in 1873, and ending 
in 1879, serving on the Committees on Privileges and 
Elections, Claims and Transportation; in 1885 was 
again elected a Senator from Oregon. 

IVIitchell, John I.; was born in Tioga County. 
Pennsylvania. July 28 1838; received a common 
school eduavtion, and also studied for some time at 
the University of Lewisburg. Pennsylvania; taught 
school; served in the Union .\rmy as a <'ommissioned 
officer during the War of the Rebellion; was admitted 
to the practice of law in 1864; was District -Attorney 
of Tioga County from 1868 to 1871; was a Represent- 
ative in the State Legislature from 1872 to 1876; was 
elected a Representative trom Pennsylvania to the 
Forty-tiftli and Forty -si.xth Congresses: was elected a 
Senator of the United States from Pennsylvania for 
the terra of six years from March 4, 1881. 

Mitchell, Nahum; was born in East Bridge- 
water. JI.%ssachusetts. February 12, 1769; graduated 
at Harvard University in 17s!); taught school; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 179-'; from 18'1 
to 1821 was Judge of the Circuit Court of Common 
Pleas, and afterwards Chief .Justice; from 1798 to 
1812 was a Representative in the General Court; a 
Representative in Congress from 1803 to 1805; in 1813 
and 1814 was State Senator; from 1814 to 1820 «as 
one of the (Governor's Council; from 1822 to 1827 was 
Treasurer of the State; in 1840 published a Historv of 
Bridgewat«r, Massachusetts; was a member of the 
Massachusetts Historical Society, and published a 
volume of sacred music, entitled the " Bridgewater 
Collection." He fell and died suddenly in one of the 
streets of Plymouth, August 1, 1853, while attending 



the first celebration of the embailcation of the Pil- 
grims at Delft Haven. 

Mitchell, Nathaniel; was a Delegate from Del- 
aware to the Continental Congres.s from 1786 to 1788. 

Mitchell. Robert; was horn in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from Ohio from 
1833 to 1835. 

Mitchell, Robert B.; was born in Richland 
County, Ohio, in 1828; graduated at Washington 
County, Pennsylvania; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar; served as Lieutenant of Ohio Vol- 
unteers iu the Mexican War; afterward resumed his 
profession; removed to Kans;is in 1856; took an 
active part against the Pro-Slavery party; was in the 
Territorial Legislature in 1857 and 18.58; State 
Treasurer from 1858 to 18()1; Adjutant-General in 
1860 and 1861; Colonel of the Second Kansas Volun- 
teers, and severely wounded at Wilson's Creek, dur- 
ing the Civil War; soon after raised a Regiment of 
Cavalry; was made Brigadier-General in 1862; placed 
in command of the Thirteenth Division of Buell's 
army, and fought at Perryville, October 8, 1862; was 
appointed Governor of New Mexico, November, 1865. 
Died .January -.'C, 1882. 

Mitchell, Samuel Latham ; was born on Long 
Island in 1763; was well educated; after the close of 
the Revolutionary War went to Ediuburgli, and there 
studied medicine and natural history; on his return 
was appointed Professor of Chemistry and Natural 
History in Columbia College; hisipractice as a physi- 
cian was extensive; he edited, with Dr. Smith, four- 
teen volumes of the "Medical Repository"; also 
published a "Life of Tammany." the Indian Chief, 
and other useful works, historic;il and scieutilic; Wiis 
a Representative in Congress from New York, from 
18U1 to 1804. and again from 1810 to 1813, and a 
Senator trom 1804 to 1809. Died in New York, 
September 8. isil. A work which he published an- 
onymously, entitled ".V Picture of New York," sug- 
gested to Washington Irving his "Knickerbocker's 
History of New York." 

Mitchell, Stephen M.; was born at Wethers- 
tield, Connecticut, December 27, 1743; graduated at 
Yale College in 1763; was chosen a tutor in the Col- 
lege in 1766, in which station he ccjntinued three 
years; entered upon the practice of law in 1772; in 
1779 was appointed a Judge of the Hartford County 
Court, and in 1790 placed at the head of that Court; 
was a Delegate to the old Congress in 1783 and 1785; 
and in 1793 was appointed to the United States Sen- 
ate, which position he held until 1795; in 1795 was 
appointed Judge of the Superior Court of Connecti- 
cut; iu 1807 Chief .Justice of that Court, which otiiee 
he held until 1814, when he became disqualilied by 
age; was a Presidential Elector iu 1805; it was to his 
services, while in Congress, that Connecticut was- 
greatly indebted for the establishment of her title to 
the tract of land in Ohio called the "Western lie- 
serve." Died in the plaee of his birth, September 
30. 1835. 

Mitchell, Thomas R.; was born in Georgetown, 
South Carolina; graduated at Harvard University in 
1802; was a Representative in Congress from South 
Carolina, from 1821 to 1823, from 1825 to 1829. and 
again from 1831 to 1833. Died in ls37. 

Mitchell, "William; was born in Ne\N Vork; was 
a lawyer by profession; was elected a Representative 
from Indiana to the Thirty-.scventh Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Indian Atfairs. Died iu 
Macon, Georgia, in September, 1865. 



348 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Mix, Charles E.; was bom in Connecticut; after 
holdins the office of Chief Clerk in the Indian Bureau 
for many years, was Commissioner from June to No- 
vember, in 1858, and then resumed his clerlcshii); re- 
sided in Georgetown, District of Columbia. 

Moffatt, SethC; was born at Battle Creek, Micli- 
i>>an August 1(1, 1841; attended the common school 
andHighSchoolin that place: in 1858 removed to 
Colon, St Joseph County. Michigan, and was an as- 
sistant teacher in the Seminary there until 1860; in 
]86i)entered the IJterary Department of the Univers- 
ity ofMicliigan where he studied one year; then en- 
tered the Law School, of the University, from which 
he graduated in 18t!S, and at once went to Grand 
Rapids, Michigan, and was employed in a law office 
there; in 18fi4 removed to Lyons, Michigan, and en- 
tered upon the practice of law; in 1866 removed to 
Northport. Michigan; in 1874 removed to Traverse 
City Michigan, continuing in the practice of his pro- 
fession; w.as Township Clerk of the Township of 
Lyons, and afterwards of the town.ship of Leelaun, 
Michigan; was Prosecuting Attorney for Leelaun 
County, Michigan, for six years; was Deputy Collec- 
tor of 'Customs at Northport, Michigan, for six years; 
was a State Senator in 1871 and 187:2; was a member 
of the State Constitutional Commission in 1873; was 
Register of the United States Land Office at Traverse 
City, Michigan, from 1874 to 1878; was Prosecuting 
Attorney for Grand Traverse County, Michigan, in 
1878; was a Representative in, and Speaker of, the 
Lower House of the Michigan Legislature in 1881 
and 1882; was a Delegate to the Republican National 
Convention in 1884; in the same year was elected a 
Representative from Michigan to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Moffet, John ; was born in the County of An- 
trim, Northof Ireland, in 1833; came with his parents 
to this countrv when a child; was educated in the 
public schools" of Philadelphia and in the Medi<'al 
Department of the University of Pennsylvania; estab- 
lished himself as an apothecary in Philadelphia; iu 
1868 was elected a Representative from Pennsylva- 
nia to the Forty-first Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Freedmen's Affiiirs: his seat was contested, 
however, by Leonard Myers, and in April, 1869, the 
latter was declared duly elected. 

Mofflt, Hosea ; was born in New York; served 
sbc yeai-s iu the Legislature of that State; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1813 to 1817. 

Molony, Richard S.; was born in Northfield. 
New Hampshire; entered Dartmouth College in 1836 
but left the institution before the close of the follow- 
ing year and commenced the study of medicine; re- 
moved to Illinois and settled at Belvidere, Boone 
• County, in the practice of the medical profession; 
w.as a Representative from Illinois to the Thirty- 
second Congress, succeeding his friend and college 
classmate, Jolm Weutworth. 

Monell, Robert ; was a native of Columbia 
County. New York; was a Representative in Congress 
from that State from 1819 to 1821, and again from 
1829 to 1831. Died in December, 1860. 

Money, H. D.; was born in Holmes County, Mis- 
sissippi, August 26. 1830; prepared himself for the 
legal profession, but abandoned it to become a jour- 
nalist; in 1875 was elected a Representative from Mis- 
sissippi to the Forty -fourth Congress; was re-elected 
to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and 
Forty -eighth ( 'ongresses. 



Monroe, James ; was born April 28. 1758, in 
Westmoreland Countv, Virginia; was educated at 
Wiiliam and Mary College; in 1776 joined the army 
iu the Revolutionary War, and continued with it un- 
til 1778, displaying great bravery; then retired and 
engaged in the study of the law; in 1780 held the 
office of Military Commissioner for Virginia, and, in 
that capacity, visited the Southern Array; iu 1782 
was a member of the Virginia Assembly; and in 1783 
a Delegate to Congress; in 1788 was a member of the 
Convention in Virginia to deliberate on the proposed 
Constitution for the United States; in 1790 was elect- 
ed a Senator of the United States from Virginia; in 
1794 received the appointment of Minister Plenipo- 
tentiary to France, and was recalled in 1797; in 1799 
was elected Governor of Virginia; in 1802 was sent 
on a special mission to France, which resulted in the 
purchase of Louisiana; in 1803 was appointed Min- 
ister to England; in 1805 was associated with Charles 
Pincknev. to negotiate with Spain; during his resi- 
dence in England he and Mr. William Pinckney ne- 
gotiated a commercial treaty with Great Britain, but 
Ft was never submitted to the Senate by President 
Jefter.son; returned to America in 1808; in 1811 was 
Governor of Virginia, and the same year received, 
from President Madison, the appointment of Secre- 
tary of State, which office he held until his election 
as President, March 4, 1817; during a part of the 
time, in 1814 and 1815, he also performed the duties 
of Secretary of War; was again elected President in 
1821. Died July 4, 1831. 

Monroe, James; was born in Plaintield, Con- 
necticut, July 18, 1821; received his early education 
at Plainfield Academy; graduated atOberlin College, 
Ohio, in 1846, and pursued a course of theological 
study there; was a Professor in Oberlin College from 
1849 until 1862; a member of the State House of Rep- 
resentatives in 1856, 18:57, 1858, and 1859, and of the 
State Senate in 1860, 1861, and 1862; chosen Presi- 
dent of the Senate in 1861 and again in 1862; Wiis 
llnited States Consul at Rio Janeiro from 1863 to 
1869, serving for several months of 1869 as Charge 
ir Affaires ad interim at that eapitol; was elected to the 
Forty-.second, Forty-third, and Forty-fourth Con- 
gresses, serring on the Committees on the Library, 
and Banking and Currency, and Chairman of that on 
Education and Labor; was re-elected to the Forty 
fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses. 

Monroe, Thomas B.; was a citizen of Kentucky ; 
about tlie year 1834 was appointed United States 
.Fudge for the District of Kentucky. 

Monroe, V.; was born in Kentucky; wjis ap- 
pointed an Associate Justice of the United States 
Court for the Territory of Washington, residing at 
Olympia. 

Montanya, J. D. L.; was born in New York; 
served two years in the Assembly of that State; was 
a Representative in Congress from New York from 
1839 to 1841. 

Montgomery, Daniel ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Pennsylvania from 1807 to 1809. 

Montgomery, John ; was a Representative iu 
Congress from Maryland from 1807 to 1811. 

Montgomery, JohnG.; was born in Northum- 
berland, Pennsylvania, in 1805; gradu:ite(l at Wash- 
ington College iu 1824; came to the bar in 1827; was 
elected to the State Legislature in 1855; was elected 
a member of the Thirty-fifth Congress from Pennsyl- 
vania, but died before taking his seat, of the mys- 
terious Natioual Hotel disease, at Danville, Pennsyl- 
vania. April 24. 18.57. aged fifty -two years. 




^'Oii 



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y, 



BIOGH A I'll ICAL ANNALS. 



349 



Montgomery, Joseph ; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1755; also took a degree at Yale College in 
1760; was a Delegate from Pennsylvania to the Con- 
tinental Congress from 1780 to 1784. 

Montgomery, M. V. ; was born in the Townshij) 
of Katou Kapids, Eaton County, Michigan, October 
20, 1840; attended the common schools from early 
childhood until seventeen years of age; then taught 
in a district school during the winters tor lour years, 
attending a High School at Eaton liapids during the 
summers; in 18t)l entered tlic Union Army, and served 
about ten months in the Second Michigan Cavalry; in 
the fall of 1S6-J began the study of law in Eaton 
Kapids; in the spring of 18H.3 was elected Townshi)) 
Clerk, and was re-elected in 1864; in 1865 was admitted 
to the bar; in 1866 commenced the practice of law at 
Eaton Kapids; in the same year was the candidate ol 
his party for Prosecuting Attorney of Eaton Counts . 
but was defeated; in 1870 was elected a Representa- 
tive in the State Legislature and served two years; 
in 1874 was an unsuccessful candidate for Attorney- 
General of the State; in 1875 removed to Lansing, 
Michigan; in 1876 was a Delegate to the Democratic 
National Convention; in March, 1885, was appointed, 
by President Cleveland, Commissioner of Patents in 
the Department of the Interior at Washington, 

Montgomery, Thomas; was born in Nelson 
County, Virginia; was a Kepresentative in Congress 
from Kentuckv from 1813 to 1815, and again from 
1821 to 1823. Died April 2, 1828. 

Montgomery, William ; was a Kepresentative 
in Congress from Pennsylvania from 1793 to 1795. 

Montgomery, William ; was born in Guillbrd 
County, North Carolina; was educated for the medi- 
cal profession ; was elected to the General Assembly 
in 1824, where he served, with but one intermission, 
until 1834, when he was elected a Kepresentative in 
Congre-ss, and continued in that position until 1841. 
Died No\ember 27, 1844, aged fifty-three years. 

Montgomery, William; was bom in Canton 
Township, Pennsyhauia, April 11, 1819; graduated 
at Washington College, Pennsylvania, in 1839; stud- 
ied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1842; was 
elected a Kepresentative in Congress in 1856, ser\-ing 
in the Thirty -fifth Congress on the Committee on 
Public Lands; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the Committee on 
Koads and Canals. Died in Washington, Pennsylva- 
nia, Jlay 2, 1870. 

Montgomery, Zachariah ; was born in Nelson 
Coant}% Kentucky, ilarch 6, 1825; in 1828 removed, 
with his parents, to Daviess County, Kentucky; oc- 
casionally attended a "subscription day-school" 
untU about nineteen years of age, at which time the 
sum total of his school attendance was about two 
years; he then entered St. Mary's Jesuit College, in 
Marion County, Kentucky, where he remained until, 
t»vo years later, the entire faculty of the college were 
transferred to St. John's College, at Fordham, New 
York; he then went to St. Joseph's College, at Bards- 
town, Kentucky, where, in 1847, he graduated with 
the degree of A. B. ; remained in the college one year 
as a teacher and, at the same time, studied law ; in 
1848 received the degree of A. M. ; continued the 
study of the law and, in 1849, was admitted to the 
bar; ia 1850 went to California; after a short mining 
experience, entered upon the practice of law in Sut- 
ter County, California; in 1856 was appointed Dis- 
trict Attorney of Sutter County; was re-elected; in 
1860 was elected a Kepresentative in the California 
Legislature; in May, 1885, was appointed, by Presi- 



dent Cleveland, United States Attorney-General for 
the Department of the Interior. Mr. Montgomery 
held very strong and somewhat peculiar views on the 
question of free-schools, and endeavored to secure 
legislation in conlbrmity with these views. As mucli 
prominence was given to this matter at the lime oi 
Mr. Montgomery's nomination to the Senate, and 
some misconception prevails as a consequence, the 
propositions which he desired enacted into law are 
given below: 1st, legal compulsion of parents to 
feed, clothe and educate their children; 2d. childn-n 
of indigent parents should be fed, clothed and edu- 
cated at public expense; 3d, children whose parents 
are able to care for them shall not be a tax upon the 
l)iiblic for food, clothing, oj school tacilities; 4th, 
parents mentally and morally unfit to care for chil- 
dren shall exercise care in selecting schools where 
their temporal and eternal welfare will he promoted ; 
5th, education by any particular teacher, book, or 
system of religious or non-religious instruction shall 
not be compulsory; 6th, the course of study in public 
schools shall be confined to the practical branches, 
except in special instances where the classics and 
higher branches may be taught as a reward of merit ; 
7th, the educating and training of the young shall be 
open to private competition; jirorided, that the State 
shall establish and maintain such necessary educa- 
tional institutions as private enterprise shall fail to 
establish ; and every person entitled to have his 
child or ward educated at public expense shallselect liis 
own school, and the teacher or principal of such school 
sliall be paid for teaching such pupil a compensation, 
the maximum of which shall be fixed by law, which 
compensation shall be proportionate to the progress 
made by the pupil in the legally appointed secular 
branches; said progress to be ascertained by examiners 
provided by law; but no religions tuition shall be at 
public expense. 

Moody, Z. F.; was born at Granby, Massachu- 
setts, May 27. 1832; received a good education; in 
1848 removed to Chicopee, Massachusetts; in 1851 
removed to Oregon ; was, for two jears, in the employ 
of the United States in connection with the Govern- 
ment surveys in Oregon; in 1853 engaged iu mercan- 
tile business at Brownsville, Oregon; in 1856 was 
appointed Inspector of United States Surveys in ( 'ali- 
fornia ; upon the completion of his duties as Inspector 
went to Illinois, where he remained four years; in 
1862 returned to Oregon and engaged in mercantile 
business at The Dalles, in that State; in 1863 removed 
his business to Umatilla, Oregon; afterwards engaged 
in various pursuits; in 1672 was elected State Senator, 
but his seat was successfully contested by his com- 
petitor; in 1680 was elected a Kepresentative in the 
State Legislature, and served in that body as Speaker; 
in 1882 was elected Governor of Oregon for the term 
of four years. 

Moor, Wyman B. S.; was born in Waterville, 
Maine, November 3, 1814; graduated at Water\ille 
College; studied law at Cambridge, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1834; was a member of the Maine Leg- 
islature in 1839; was Attorney-General of that State 
from 1844 to 1848; by appointment, succeeded John 
Fairfield as a Senator in Congress, serving from .Jan- 
uary to June, 1848; subsequently devoted much at- 
tention to the railroad interests of his State; in 18.57 
was appointed, by President Buchanan, Consul-fieo- 
eral for the British American Provinces. Died in 
Lynchburg, Virginia, February 16, 1869. 

Moore, Alfred ; was bom m Brunswick County, 
North Carolina, May 21, 1755; was educated iu Bos- 
ton, where he acquired a knowledge of military tac- 
tics; in 1775 joined the Continental Troops of Nortli 



350 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Carolina as Captain; when the British seized Wil- 
mington, raised a troop of volunteers which did good 
service; in 1790 was elected, by the Assembly, Attor- 
ney-General of the State, although he had never read 
a law-book; soon became, b^' study and observation, 
eminent at the bar; was appointed Judge in 17S)8; 
was Associate Judge of the Supreme Court of the 
United States from 1799 to 1805. Died in Belfont, 
North Carolina, October 15, 1810. 

Moore, Andre'w; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1789 to 1797, and again from 
1803 to 1804, when he was appointed to the United 
States Senate, but was superseded by W. B. Giles; 
was one of those wlio voted for locating the Seat of 
Government on the Potomac. Died in May, 1821. 

Moore, Andrew B.; was originally a school j 
teacher in Alabama: Governor of the State from 1857 | 
to ISlV.i. Died in Marion. April 5, 1873. 

Moore, Eliakim Hastings ; was born in Wor- 
cester County, Massacliusetts, June 19, 1812; removed 
to Ohio mth his father in 1817; received his educa- 
tion at a frontier school; from 1836 to 1846 was 
County Surveyor; from 1846 to 1860, County Audi- 
tor; was a Director, and then President for many 
years, of the Alliens Branch of the State Bank of Ohio, 
and subsequentlj' of the First National Bank of 
Athens; in 1862 was appointed a Collector of Internal 
Revenue; in 1868 was elected a Representative from 
< Ihio to the Forty-first Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Territories, and the Militia. 

Moore, Ely; was born in New Jersey, and edu 
cated as a printer; was a Representative in Congres^ 
from New York from 1835 to 1839; was appointed 
Marshal of New York, by President Polk ; subse- 
quently edited a newspaper in New Jersey; was ap- 
pointed Indian .-Vgent in Kansas Territory; at the 
time of his death was Register of a Land Office in 
Kansas. Died .lanuary 26, 1860. 

Moore, Gabriel ; was born in Stokes County' 
North Carolina; was a Representative in Congress 
from Alabama from 1822 to 1829; Governor of the 
State from 1829 to 1831; a Senator in Congress from 
1831 to 1837. Died at Caddo, Texas, in 1844. 

Moore, Heman Allen; was born in Plainfield, 
Vermont, in 1810; studied law in Rochester, New 
York; removing to Columbus, Ohio, obtained dis- 
tinction as a la\vyer; was appointed Adj vitaut-Gen- 
eral of the State Militia; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1843 to the time of his 
death, which occurred in Columbus, April 3, 1844. 

Moore, Henry D.; was born in Goshen, Orange 
County, New York, April 17, 1817; recei\ed his edu- 
cation at one of the public schools of New York City; 
when sixteen years of age, acquired a knowledge of 
the tailoring business, which he followed until 1843: 
in that year removed to Philadelphia, and became 
interested in the marble business; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Pennsylvania from 1849 to 1853; 
for several years after leaving Congress was Treasurer 
of Pennsylvania, 

Moore, Jesse H.; was born in St. Clair County, 
Illinois, April 22, 1817; hia father was a soldier in 
the Revolution ; graduated at the College of Lebanon 
in 1842; soon became a teacher, and in 1844 was 
Principal of a Seminary in Vermillion County; in 
1846 received a degree from Asbury University; in 
1848 took charge of the Methodist Church in Shelby- 
ville; from 1854 to 1856 had i-harge of the Quincy 
College; in 1862 raised a regiment for the war, and 



performed much service in all the campaigns of the 
Army of the Cumberland as Colonel, commanding a 
Brigade a part of the time, and was brevetted a 
Brigadier-General; after the war re-entered the pul- 
pit, and was Presiding Elder at Decatur; in 1868 
was elected a Representative from Illinois to the 
Forty-first Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Claiuis and Patents; was re-elected to the Forty- 
second Congress, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Invalid Pensions. 

Moore, John ; was born in Berkeley County, 
Virginia, in 1788; having removed to Louisiana, be- 
came an active politician; from 1825 to 1834 was a 
member of the State Legislature; also served several 
years in the State Senate; was a Representative in 
Congress from Louisiana from 1841 to 1843, and 
again from 1851 to 1853; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1849; a Delegate to the seceding "State Conven- 
tion " of 1861. Died in Louisiana, in June, 1867. 

Moore, Laban T.; was born in Cabell County, 
Virginia, January 13, 1829; received a limited edu- 
cation; removed to Kentucky, and adopted the pro- 
fession of the law ; was elected a Representative from 
Kentucky to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serring on 
the Committee on Manufactures ; served as a Colonel 
in the army during the Rebellion. 

Moore, Marshal F.; was born in New York; 
removed to Ohio; was appointed from that State 
Governor of the Territory of Washington, residing at 
Olympia. 

Moore, Nicholas R.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Maryland, from 1803 to 1811, and 
.again from 1813 to 1816. Died at Baltimore in 1816. 

Moore, Oscar P.; was bom in Ohio; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1855 
to 1857. 

Moore, Robert ; .was born in Washington Coun- 
ty, Pennsylvania; was a Representative in Congress 
from that State, from 1817 to 1821. 

Moore, Samuel ; was born in Cumberland 
County, New Jersey; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania, from 1819 to 1822; was a 
physician. Died February 18, 1861. 

Moore, S. McD.; was born in Virginia; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1833 
to 1835; served in the Confederate .Army during the 
Rebellion. 

Moore, Sydenham E.; was born in Rutherford 
County, Tennessee, but removed to Alabama, with 
his parents, soon after its admission as a State; was 
educated at the University of Alabama; was bred to 
the profession of the law ; was Judge of the County 
Court of Greene County, Alabama, tor six years, and 
for a short time also of the Circuit Court of that 
State; resigned his ,Iudgeship, and went to Mexico 
as Captain of a Volunteer Company, and served one 
year, a portion of the time in General Taylor's line, 
on the Rio Grande, and also in General Scott's line, 
at Tampico, Vera Cruz, AJvarado, and Jalapa; on, 
his return home was elected Brigadier-General of 
Militia; in 1857 was chosen a member of the Thirty- 
fifth Congress; re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving as a member of the Committee on 
Claims; took part in the Rebellion as a Colonel. 

Moore, Thomas ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from South Carolina from 1801 to 1813, and 
again from 1815 to 1817. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



351 



Moore, Thomas O.; was Governor oj' Louisiana 
fi-om 1860 to 1864. 

Moore, Thomas P.; was bom in Charlotte 
County, Virginia, in 17i)5; was an oiBcer in the War 
of 1813; was a member of Congress from 18'2:5 to 1829 
fi-om Kentucky; was Minister to the Republic of Co- 
lombia in 1829; was Lieutenant-Colonel in the 
Regular Army during the war with Mexico; his last 
public position was that of a member of the Conven- 
tion for revising the Constitution of Kentucky. Died 
in Harrodsbnrg, Kentucky, July 21, 1853. 

Moore, Thomas S.; was born in Jefferson 
County, Virginia; was a Kcpresentative in Congress 
from that State from 18J0 to 1823. 

Moore, William; was born in Montgomery 
Comity, Pennsylvania, December 25, 1810; received 
a common school education; worked on a farm; was 
clerk in a country store for some years; was subse- 
quently devoted "to mercantile pursuits in Atlantic 
County, New Jersey; was, for nineteen years, agent 
of the' Weymouth Iron Works; was for a time en- 
gaged in ship-building and the coasting trade; was 
twice elected a Judge of the Court of Common Pleas 
for Atlantic County, serving, in all, ten ye:irs; was 
elected a Representative from New Jersey to the 
Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses, serving on the 
Committees on Manufactures, and jpublic Buildings 
and Grounds, and as Chairman of the Post Office De- 
partment Committee. 

Moore, William Robert ; was born at Hnnts- 
ville, Alabama, March 28, 1830: received a very 
limited education; removed to Tennessee when a 
boy; engaged in commercial pursuits: was elected a 
Representative from Tennessee to the Forty-seventh 
Congress; declined a re-nomination. 

Moore, William S.; was born in Bethleliem, 
Washington County, Pennsylvania, November 18, 
1822; graduated at Washington College in 1847; 
studied law; was chosen Prothonotary in 1834: was 
connected with the press; was elected to the Forty- 
third Congress,, serving on the Committee on Re\'is- 
ion of Laws. 

Moorhead, James Kennedy; was bnrn on 
the Susquehanna River, Pennsylvania, in 1806; re- 
ceived a limited education; spent the most of his 
youth on a farm, and as an apprentice to a tanner; 
was one of the contractors for building the Susque- 
hanna branch of the Pennsylvania Canal; was the 
originator of a passenger packet-line on said canal; 
in 1836 removed to Pittsburgh; there took an active 
part in improving the navigation of the .Monongahela; 
was made President of a company bearing tliat name. 
and established in that city the Union Cotton Fac:- 
tory: in 1838 received the Militia title of Adjutant- 
General; subsequently taking a great interest in 
the business of telegraphing, became the President 
of several telegraph companies; in 1859 was elected 
a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, serving as a member of the Commit- 
tee on Commerce; was re-elected to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving as Chairman of the Special 
Committee on National Armories; re-elected to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Manufactures, and as a member of the 
Committee on Naval Affairs; re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Committee on Ways 
and Means, and again at the head of the Committee 
on Manuliictures; was re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress; was also a Delegate to the Chicago Convention 
of 1868. Died at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, March 
6, 1884. 



Moran, Benjamin; was a citizen of Pennsyl- 
vania; after receiving a good education, was ap- 
pointed a Clerk at the United States Legation in 
London. England; was soon made Secretary; fre- 
quently officiated as Charge d' Affaires, ad interim; in 
1874, as a return for his long and efficient services, 
was appointed Minister Resident to Portugal. 

Morehead, Charles S.; was born in Nelson 
County, Kentucky in 1802; adopted the profession 
of law; after practicing it for a few years, was 
elected to the State Legislature, serving during 1 828 
and 1829; in 1832 was appointed Attorney-General 
of Kentuckv, which office he held five years: in 
1838, 1839, ' and 1840 was again returned to the 
Legislature, officiating during the latter year as 
Speaker: was re-elected and made Speaker in 18 11; 
was again re-elected in 1842 and 1844, and for the 
third time chosen Speaker; was a Represenbitive in 
Congress from Kentucky from 1847 to 1851; in 1853 
was once more returned to the Legislature; in 18.55 
was elected Governor of Kentucky; was for many 
years one of the most devoted friends and supporters 
of Henrv Clav; in 1861 wasa Delegate to the " Peace 
Convention ""held in Washington. Died at Green- 
vUle, Mississippi, December 23, 1868. 

Morehead, I. T.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from North Carolina from 1851 to 1853. 

Morehead, James T.; was born in Covington, 
Kentuckv. May 24. 1797; studied law, and entered 
upon the' practice in 1818; served three years in the 
State Legislature; in 1832 was elected Lieutenant- 
Governor of Kentucky, and after the death of Gov- 
ernor Breathitt in 1834, became Governor; in 1837 
was again elected to the Legislature; in 1838 w;us 
appointed President of the Board of Internal Im- 
provements, which office he held until 1841, when he 
was elected to the United States Senate for the term 
of six years; subsequently resumed the practice of 
his profession. Died at Covington, Kentucky. De- 
cember 28, 1854. 

Morey, Frank ; was born in Boston, ifas.sachu- 
setts, July 11, 184(.i; was educated in the public 
schools; removed to Illinois in 1857: engaged in 
mercantile pursuits, and read law; entered the army, 
and served principally on staff' duty; settled in 
Louisiana in 1866, and engaged in cotton-planting 
and in the insurance business; was a member of the 
Assembly in 1868 and 1869; was appointed a Com- 
missioner to revise the statutes and codes of lliL- 
State; was elected to the Forty-first. Forty-second. 
Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses, serving on 
the Committees on Public Lands, Fn-edmen's Affairs, 
and Military Affairs, and Chairman of tluit on Mis- 
sissippi Levees. 

Morey, Henry Lee ; was born in lUitlcr Coun- 
ty, Ohio, April 8, 1841 ; received a good educjition ; 
served in the Union Army from 1861 to 1865, at- 
taining the rank of Captain; studied law; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1867. and commenced practice 
at Hamilton, Ohio; in 1871 was elected City Solicitor 
to lUl a vacancy, and was re-elected for the term of 
two years; was elected Prosecuting Attorney of But- 
ler County in 1873; was elected a Representative 
from Ohio to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth 
Congresses. 

Morgan, Charles H.; was bom in Allegany 
County, New York, July 5, 1842; emigi-ated, with 
his parents, to Wisconsin when a child ; was edncate.d 
at Fond-du-lac, and studied law; served four 
years and two months in the war for the Union a.s a 
Volunteer; then began the practice of his profession; 



352 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS 



remuvfcd to Missouri and became I'losecuting Attor- 
ney for Benton County; was elected to the State 
Legislature; in 1874 was elected a Representative 
from Missouri to the Forty-tburth Congress; was re- 
elected to the Forty-fifth t'ongress; was also elected 
to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Morgan, Christopher ; was liorn in Urotou, 
Connecticut; graduated at Yale College in 1828; was 
a Representative in Congress from New York, from 
18.'{9 to 1843; was Secretary of State of New York 
from 1848 to 1852; was Mayor of Auburn in 1860. 

Morgan, Daniel ; was a native of New Jersey; 
removed in early life to Virginia; having neither the 
advantages of wealth nor of a good education, was 
dependent upon manual labor for his support; in 
1755 served ;>.s a pri\ ate soldier under General Brad- 
dock: at the close of the campaign retired to a farm 
in Frederick County; at the commencement of the 
Revolution oomflianded a troop of Cavalry, under 
General Washington, at Boston; was detaclied on 
the expedition against Quebec, and when Arnold 
was wounded, took command of his division ; the re- 
treat of the other division, after the fall of Montgom- 
ery, left Morgan to contend with the wlxjle force of 
the enemy, and he was taken prisoner; on being ex- 
changed, was appointed to the command of a regi- 
ment; was with G-eneral Bates at the capture of Bur- 
goyne; in 1778 commanded a corps on the Schuylkill 
to cut off supplies from the British in' Philadelphia; 
served in the Southern campaign, under General 
Greene, and advanced to the rank of Brigadier-tien- 
eral, I'eceiving from Congress a gold medal for the 
skill and bravery he displayed at the battle of Cow- 
pens in the defeat of Tarleton; in 1794 commanded 
the Militia of Virginia, ordered out by President 
Washington for the purpose of suiipressLng the 
Whisky Insurre(ttion in Pennsylvania; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1795 to 1799; in 1799 
published an address to his constituents, vindicating 
the administration of Mr. Adams. Died in Win- 
chester, Virginia, in 1802; aged sixty-nine years, 

Morgan, Ed^win B.; was born at Aurora, Cay- 
uga County, New York, May 2, 1800; was a mer- 
chant by occupation, until his election to the Thirty- 
third Congress as a Representative; was re-elected to 
the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses, and 
was a member of the Committee on Public Buildings 
and Grounds. 

Morgan, Edwin D.; was born in Washington, 
Berkshire County, Jlassachusetts, Februarys, 1811; 
at the age of seventeen entered a wholesale grocery 
house in Hartford, Connecticut, as a clerk, and in 
three years became a partner; soon after attaining 
his majority, was chosen a member of the City Coun- 
cil of Hartford ; in 1836 settled in New York City, 
and was extensively engaged in mercantile pursuits; 
in 1849 was chosen an Alderman of the city; during 
the same year was elected to the State Senate, and 
served two terms; in 1855 was appointed Commis- 
sioner of Emigration, and held the office until 1858; 
was Vice-President of the " National Republican 
Convention" held .at Pittsburgh in 1856 ; was long 
Chairman of the National Republican Committee; in 
1858 was elected (Jovemor of New York, and re- 
elected in 1860; in 1861 was appointed, by President 
Lincoln, Major-General of Volunteers, and, although 
he rendered much service, declined all compensation; 
the number of troops sent to the war during his ad- 
ministration was two hundred and twenty-three 
thousand; in 1863 was elected a Senator in Congress 
from New York for the term ending in 1869, ser\ ing 
oil the Committees on (.'omraerce, Manufactures, the i 



Pacific Railroad, Military Aftairs, Printing, Mines 
and Mining. Finance, and as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on the Library; as Chairman of the National 
Union Executive Committee, was present at the 
• llaltimore Convention" of 1864, and opened its 
proceedings ; on the retirement of Secretary Fessen- 
den. President Lincoln tendered Mr. Morgan the 
Secretaryship of the Treasury, which he declined; 
in 1866 was appointed a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
''Loyalists' Convention," but did not take any part 
in its proceedings; in 1867 received from Williams 
College the degree of LL.D, Died in New York ( 'ity, 
February 14, 1883. 

Morgan, George W.; was born in Washington, 
Pennsylvania, September 20, 1820; in 1836 left col- 
lege, and, as a private, joined a company commanded 
by his brother, and went to iissist Texas in gaining 
her independence, in which service he rose to the 
rank of Captain; in 1843 settled at Mount Vernon, 
Ohio, and adopted the profession of the law ; served 
in the Mexican AVar as Colonel of the Second Ohio 
Infantry, and for his services at the battles of Con- 
treras and Churubusco was brevetted a Brigadier- 
Cxeneral in the Regular Army; in 1855 was appointed 
Consul at Marseilles; in 1858 was appointed Minister 
Resident at Lisbon ; on the breaking out of the Re- 
bellion, as Brigadier-tieneral of Volunteers, had 
command of the Seventh Division of the Army of 
the Ohio; was with Creneral Sherman at Vicksburg; 
was assigned to the Thirteenth Army Corps, and 
was in command at the taking of Fort Henderson, in 
Arkansas; on account of his loss of health, resigned 
his command in 1863; in 1865 was the unsuccessful 
candidate lor Governor of Ohio; in 1866 was elected 
a Representative from Ohio to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Foreign Afliiirs; in 1868 
his seat was contested by ( 'olumbus Delano, and his 
claims rejected; was re-elected to the Forty-first and 
Forty-second Congresses, serving on the Committees 
on Foreign Affairs, Military Affairs, and Reconstruc- 
tion. 

Morgan, James; was born in New Jei-sey; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1811 to 1813. 

Morgan, James Bright ; was bom in Lincoln 
County, Tennessee, March 14, 1835; removed, with 
his parents, to De Soto County, Mississippi, in 1840, 
where he has since resided; received an academic 
education; studied law at Hernando, Mississippi ; 
was admitted to the bar in 1857, and entered upon 
the practice of law at Hernando; was elected Judge of 
Probates in 1860; in 1861 resigned and was mustered 
into the t 'oufederate States service as a private ; was 
elected Captain, and in the organization of the Twen- 
ty-ninth Mississippi Infantry was elected Major; was 
promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel and Colonel; at the 
close of the war was again elected Judge; was a 
member of the State Senate of Mississippi in 1876, 
1877, and 1878; in October, 1878, was appointed, by 
the Governor, Chancellor of the Thud Chancei-y Dis- 
trict, serving four years; was Grand Master of Ma- 
sons in Mississippi; in 1884 was elected a Represent- 
ative from Mississippi to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Morgan, John J.; was born in Queens County, 
New Y'ork ; was a member of the New Y''ork Assem- 
bly; a Repiesentative in Congress from that State 
from 1821 to 1825; again in the Assembly in 1836 
and 1840. Died Jitly 29, 1849, aged eighty years. 

Morgan, John T.; was born at Athens, Tennes- 
see, June 20, 1824 ; received an academic education; 
removed to Alabama in 1833; studied law; was ad 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



353 



mitted to the bar in 1845, and commenced practice; 
was a Presidential Elector in I860; in 13l>l was a Del- 
egate to the State Convention called to consider the 
question of secession; entered the Confederate Army 
in that year, and served tlirougliout the war, rising 
to the rank of Brigadier-General ; was again a Presi- 
dential Elector in 187ti; was elected to the United 
States Senate for six years from March, 1877, and re- 
elected for six years from JIarch, 1863. 

Morgan, Philip Hicky; was born at Baton 
Rouge, Louisiana, November 9, 1825; received a good 
educiition; studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
at New Orleans, Louisiana, in 1847; was elected 
Judge of the Second District Court of that city, in 
1855, and served, by re-election, until 1861; w:is ap- 
pointed, by President Johnson, United States District 
Attorney for the Eastern District of Louisiana, re- 
maining in office under President Grant; resigned 
and was appointed Associate Justice of the Supreme 
Court of the State in 1873, serving until 1877; was 
then appointed, by President Hayes, a member, on 
the part of the United States, of the International 
Tribunal of Egypt; the term for which he was ap- 
pointed having expired, declined a re-appointment; 
in January, 1880, while in Rome, Italy, en route to 
the United States, received a dispatch from the Sec- 
retary of State notifying him of his appointment as 
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary 
of the United States to Mexico, and proceeded at 
once to his post. 

Morgan, "William; was born in Monongalia 
County, Virginia, September 7, 1801; was self-edu- 
cated; served as a Representative in Congress from 
Virginia from 1835 to 1839, and was Chairman of the 
Committee on Revolutionary Pensions, and declined 
are-election; in 1840 was appointed a Clerk in the 
House of Representatives, from which position he 
was transferred to tlie Legislature of Virginia, and 
declined a re-election; was a Democratic Elector in 
1844; in 1845, having injured his health by public 
' speaking, was appointed to a Clerkship in tlie Treas- 
ury Department. 

Morphis, Joseph L.; was born in McNairy 
County, Tennefsee, April 17, 1831 ; brought up as a 
planter; was a memlier of the State Legislature in 
1859; entered the Confederate Army as Captain in 
1861; removed to Mississippi in 1863; was elected to 
the State Constitutional Convention of Mississippi in 
1865; was a member of the State Legislature in 18(i6. 
1867, and 1868; was elected to the Forty-first and 
Forty-second Congresses, serving on the Committee 
on Roads and Canals. 

Morrell, Daniel J.; was bom in North Berwick, 
Maine, August 8, 1821; received a common school 
education; settled in Philadelphia in 1836, and tbl- 
lowed the mercantile business as clerk and principal 
until 1855, when he entered into the business of 
manufacturing iron at .Johnstown, Pennsylvania; 
served for a time in the Councils of the town; was 
elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Manufactures, and on 
those on Freedmen's Affairs, and Pacific Railroad; in 
1 875 was apiKjiutcd a Commissioner to the Centennial 
E.tbibition. h^-X CUu, , lc ^ i),-'^<r 

MorreJI, George ; was bom in Lenox, Ma.ssachn- 
setts, JIarch 22, 1786; graduated at Williams College 
in 1807; was admitted to the bar in 1811; settled at 
Cooperstown, New York; was appointed first Judge 
of Otsego County Court, in 1827; member of the As- 
sembly in 1829; re-apiiointed .Tudge in 1832; United 

23 



states Judge of Michigan Territory from 1832 to 
1836; Judge of the Superior Court of Michigan from 
1836 to 1843; Chief Justice from July 18, 1843, to 
his death, which occurred at Detroit, March 8, 1845. 

Morril, David L.; was born in Epping, New 
Hampsliire, .lune 10, 1772; attended Exeter Acad- 
emy; studied medicine, and commenced the practice 
at Epsom in 1793; also studied theology, and was 
ordained a pastor, but resigned his charge in 1811, 
and resumed the practice of medicine; was a Repre- 
sentative to the General Court in 1811, 1812, and 
1816, and in 1816 was chosen to the United States 
Senate for six years; subsequently became a member 
of the State Senate, and its President; afterwards, 
for four successive terms, was elected Governor of 
New Hampshire; wrote and published many occa- 
sional discourses and essays on various religious and 
secular topics. Died February 4, 1849. 

Morrill, Amos ; was bom in Salisbury, Massa- 
chusetts, August 25, 1809; graduated at Bowdoin 
College, Maine, in 1834; studied law in his native 
village; removed to Tennessee in 1836; thence to 
Texas in 1839; in 1867 was appointed one of the 
Judges of the Supreme Court of Texas, and chosen 
Chief Justice of the Court; in 1873 was commissioned 
Judge of the United States District Court for the 
Eastern District of Texas. 

Morrill, Anson P.; was born in Belgrade, Maine, 
June 10, 1803; received the advantages of a common 
school education; was chiefly devoted to mercantile 
and manufacturing pursuits; was, for several years, 
a member of the Maine Legislature; was Governor of 
Maine in 1855; in ISfiO was elected a Representative 
from JIaine to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving 
on the Committees on the Post Office and Post Roads, 
and Revolutionary Claims. 

Morrill, Edmund N.; w.as bom at Westbrook, 
JIaine, February 12, 1834; was educated at West- 
brook Seminary; in 1856 was elected a member of 
the School Board of Westbrook; in March, 1857, re- 
moved to Brown County, Kansas; in October of that 
year was elected a Representative in the first " Free 
State" Legislature elected in that Territory ; in 1858 
was elected a Representative in the Legislature under 
the Lecompton Constitution ; in 1872 was elected a 
State Senator, and was re-elected in 1876; was 
President, pro tempore, of the Senate; was elected a 
ReprescnUitive from Kansas to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Morrill, Justin S.; was bom in Strafford, Ver- 
mont, April 14, 1810; received an academic educa^ 
tion; engaged in mercantile pursuits until the year 
1848, when he turned his attention to agriculture; 
was elected a Representative from Vermont to the 
Thirty-fourth Congress; w.is re-elected to the Tbirtv- 
fifth, Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, and Thirty-eighth 
Congresses, serving on the Special Committee on the 
Sale of Fort Snelling, and on the regular Commit- 
tees on Agriculture and on Ways and Means; was 
also a member of the Special Committee of Thirty- 
three on the Rebellious States in the Thirty-sixth 
Congress; was re-elected to the Thirty-niulli Con- 
gress, serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Ways and Jleans, and as a member of those on the 
Death of President Lincoln and on Reconstruction; 
was a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Con- 
vention " of 1866; in October, 1866, was elected a 
Senator in Congress from Vermont, for the term com- 
mencing in 1(^67. and ending in 1873, serving on the 
Committees on Finance, Post Offices, and Claims; 
was re-elected to the Senate for the term ending in 



354 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



3870, and was Qiairman of the Committee on Public 
Bu'ldiugs and Grounds; was re-elected for the term 
end.ag iu 1885; was again re-elected in 1885. 

Morrill, Lot M.; was bom iu Belgrade, Kennebec 
County, Maine, in 1815; entered Waterville College 
iu 1834; soon afterwards commenced the study of 
law; in 1839 was admitted to the bar; was a member 
of the Maine Legislature in 1854; of the Senate in 
1856, and made its President; was elected Governor 
of Maine in 1858, and re-elected in 1859 and 188U; in 
18G1 was elected a Senator in Congress for the unex- 
pired term of Hannibal Hamlin, elected Vice-Presi- 
dent of the United .States; sei'ved on the Committees 
on Commerce, District of Columbia, and Claims; was 
a member of the " Peace Congress" of 1861; was re- 
elected to the United States Senate in 1863, for the 
t<?rm ending in 1869, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Expenses in the Senate and of that on 
the District of Columbia, of that also on Appropria- 
tions, and on that on Indian Affairs; was also elected 
United States Senator to succeed William P. Fessen- 
den, for the term ending in 1877, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Appropriations; resigned in 
1876 to accept the office of Secretary of the Treasury, 
in the Cabinet of President Grant, serving until 
March, 1877; was then appointed Collector of the 
Port of Portland, Maine, in which office he remained 
until his death. Died January 10, 1883. 

Morrill, Samuel P.; was born at Chesterville, 
Franklin County, Maine, February 11, 1816; re- 
ceived an academic education; adopted the calling of 
a clergyman; in 1857 was elected, for five years. 
Register of Deeds for Franklin County; re-elected to 
the same office in 1867; in 1808 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Maine to the Forty-first Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Manufactures. 

Morris, Calvary ; was born in Virginia; was a 
Representative in Congress from Ohio liom 1837 to 
1844. 

Morris, Charles ; was a Delegate from Penn- 
sylvania to the Continental Congress from 1783 to 
1784. 

Morris, Daniel; was born in Seneca County, 
Kew York, January 4, 1812; when quite young set- 
tled in Yates County, and was bred a farmer; having 
educated himself, taught school for a while; then 
adopted the profession of the law, which he practiced 
with success; was at one time District Attorney for 
Yates County; served one term in the State Legisla- 
ture, and was Chairman of the Judiciary Committee; 
was elected a Representative from New Y^ork to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
the Judiciary; was re-elected to the Tliirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Judiciary Committee. 

Morris, Ed-ward Joy; was born in Philadel- 
phia, Pennsylvania, July 15, 1817; graduated at 
Harvard University; was a member of the House of 
Representatives of Pennsylvania in 1841, 1842, and 
1843; was elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, as 
Representative from the Fii-st Congressional District; 
was appointed United States Charge (V Affaires to 
Naples iu 1850, where he remained four years; on his 
return to Pliiladelphia was chosen a member of the 
Board of Directors of CJirard College; in 1856 was 
again elected to the State Legislature; in the fall of 
that year was elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, 
and was a member of the Committee on the District 
of Columbia; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gre.ss, serving as a member of the Committee on 
Foreign Aflairs; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh 



Cougre.ss; in 1861 was appointed, by President Lin-' 
coin. Minister Resident to Turkey. As an author 
his publications were : "A Tour Through Turkey, 
Greece and Egypt, Arabia Petriea," etc.; "The 
Turkish Empire, Social and Political"; "Afraja, or 
Life and Love in Norway, " (a translation); and also a 
translation from the German of Gregozovius; ''Cor- 
sica, Social and Political," etc. 

Morris, G-Ouverneur; was born in Morrisania, 
New Y'ork, in 1752; graduated at King's College, in 
the city of New Y'^ork, in 1768; was bred to the law, 
came to the bar in 1771, and attained great celebrity 
in the profession; in 1775 was a Delegate to the Pro- 
vincial Congress from New Y'ork, and signed the Ar- 
ticles of Confederation; was employed in the public 
service in various capacties during the Revolutionary 
contest, and in all of them displayed great zeal and 
ability; after the war of the Revolution retired from 
public life, although an active member of the Con- 
vention which formed the present Constitution of the 
United States, which instrument he signed; was a 
Commissioner to England in 1789; was the second 
President of the New York Historical Society; iu 1792 
was appointed Minister to France, and remained in 
thatcapacity till October, 1794; returned to America in 
1798, and in 1800 was chosen a Senator of the United 
States from New York, serving three years; after re- 
tiring from Congress, spent several years in Philadel- 
phia. Died November 6, 1816, aged sixty-four. His 
publications were numerous. Selections from bis pa- 
pers, with a sketch of his life, was published by 
Jared Sparks. 

Morris, Isaac N.; was the fourth son of Thomas 
Morris, and brother of Jonathan D. Morris; was born 
in Ohio, January 22, 1812; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1835; in 1836 emigrated to 
Illinois, and settled in Quincy; in 1840 was ap- 
pointed Secretary of State for Illinois, but declined 
the position; in 1841 was chosen President of the Illi- 
nois and Michigan Canal Company; in 1846 w;is 
elected to the State Legislature from Adams County; 
in 1856 was elected a Representative from Illinois to 
the Thirty-fifth Congress, and re-elected to the Thir- 
ty-sixth Congress, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Roads and Canals; in 1869 was appointed 
a Commi.ssioner for the Pacific Railroad. 

Morris, James R.; was born in Greene County, 
Pennsylvania, January 10, 1820; (his father, Joseph 
Morris, was a member of Congress in 1843 and 1845;) 
having become a resident of Ohio, was, in 1848, elect<?d 
to the Legislature of that State; in ISiJO was elected a 
R'epresentati ve from Ohio to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Public Buildings 
and Grounds; in 1862 was re-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Committee for the 
District of Columbia. 

Morris, Jonathan D.; was the eldest son of 
Thomas Morris; was born in Ohio; was a lawyer by 
profession; served for twenty j'ears as Clerk of the 
Court of Common Pleas, and of the Superior Court of 
Clermont County, Ohio; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Ohio from 1849 to 1851 ; was devoted to 
the practice of his profession for many years. Died 
at Connersville, Indiana, May 16, 1875. 

Morris, Joseph ; was born in Greene County, 
Pennsylvania, October 16, 1795; was left an orphan 
at the age of ten years, and, having been apprenticed 
to the trade of a wheelwright, continued to follow the 
business until he was twenty-five years old ; in 1824 
was elected Sheriff of his native county; in 1829 re- 
moved to Ohio, and devoted himself to merchandiz- 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



355 



ing; was elected to the Ohio Legislature in 18.53 and 
1834; was Trea.surer of Monroe County for one year; 
■while iu that office, was elected to Congress in 1843, 
and re-elected in 1845, serving two entire terms. 
Died at Woodsfield, Ohio, October23, 1854. 

Morris, Lewis ; was born in Morrisania, New 
York, in IT'iG; graduated at Yale College in 1746; 
turned his attention to agriculture; was a Delegate 
from New York to the Continental Congress from 
1775 to 1777; was one of the signers of the Declara- 
tion of Independence; served in the Legislature of 
New York ; also in the field, and rose to the rank of 
Major-General of Militia. Died in New York, Janu- 
uary 22, 1798. He was a man of great worth and 
usefulness, and left three sons who served with credit 
in the army, and received the thanks of Congress; 
also had a son in the Navy. 

Morris, Le'wis R.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Vermont from 1797 to 18(t3. Died in 1625, 
aged si.xty-eight years. 

Morris, Mathias ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1835 to 1H3S), and was 
much respected for his talents. Died at Doylestown. 
Pennsylvania, November 9, 1839, aged fifty-four 
years. 

Morris, Robert ; was a native of England, but 
came to the United (states when a boy of thirteen, 
and settled in Philadelphia as a clerk, where he spent 
the most of his life as an influential merchant and 
financier; was a member of the Congress of 177(i, and 
signed the Declaration of Independence, and also the 
Articles of Confederation; in 1781 obtained the con- 
trol of the American finances, and rendered import- 
ant services to his adopted country; was a member of 
the Convention which formed the present Constitu- 
tion, and signed that instrument; was chosen a United 
States Senator, serving from 1789 to 1795, having 
been one of those who voted for locating the Seat of 
Government on the Potomac; notvvithstanding his 
valuable services to his country, he passed the latter 
years of his life in imprisonment for debt; until the 
period of his impoverishment, his house has beeu the 
scene of most liberal hospitality. Died May 8, 1806, 
aged seventy-one years. 

Morris, Robert; was born in 1735; was Chief 
Justice of New Jersey during the Revolution, and a 
United States Judge of the District Court from 1789 
to the time of his death, which occurred at New 
Brunswick, New Jersey, May 2, 1815. 

Morris, Samuel W.; was born in 1788; was, for 
many years. Judge of the District Court of Tioga 
County, Pennsylvania, and was a member of the 
House of Representatives in Congress from 1837 to 
1841. Died in Wellsborough, Pennsylvania, May 
25, 1847. 

Morris, Thomas ; was for three years a member 
of the New York Assembly from Ontario County; 
was a Representative in Congress from 1801 to 1803. 

Morris, Thomas ; was bom in Virginia, Janu- 
ary 3, 1776. and was the son of a Baptist clergyman; 
when nineteen years of age he emigrated to the val- 
ley of the Ohio, .and settled near the present site of 
Cincinnati, but two years afterwards removed to the 
county of Clermont, in 1802, while eng.aged in the 
avocation of a day laborer, and without an instruct- 
or, he commenced the study of law, adopted the pro- 
fession, and became eminent; in 1S06 was elected to 
the Legislature of Ohio, and represented Clermont 
County, either in the Senate or House, for a period of 



twenty-four years, doing much to develop the re- 
sources of his adopted State; was Chief Judge of 
Ohio; was elected a Senator in Congress for the long 
t<"rm from 1833 to 1839. Died December 7, 1844. 
His life and collected .speeches and writings have 
been published in one volume, under the sujiervision 
of his son. Rev. B. F. Morris; while in Congress, he 
ably defended the freedom of the jiress. tlie freedom 
of speech, and the right of petition; Isaac N. and 
Jonathan D. Morris were his sons. 

Morris, Thomas J.; was born at Baltimore, 
Maryland, September 24, 1837; received a collegiate 
education, graduating from Harvard University in 
1856; studied law, and was admitted to the Maryland 
bar in 1859; engaged in pr.actice at Baltimore, and 
continued therein until appointed United States Dis- 
trict Judge for the District of M.-iryland, in June, 
1879. 

Morrison, George W.; was born in Vermont; 
was a Representative in Congress from New Hamp- 
shire from 1850 to 1851, and again from 1853 to 1855. 

Morrison, James L. D.; was born in Illinois; 
studied law and practiced for many years ; served as an 
officer in the Mexican War; was elected to the Sen- 
ate of Illinois in 1854; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State during the third session of the 
Thirty-fourth Congress, to fill a vacancy occurring 
in the Eighth District ; subsequently traveled in 
Europe. 

Morrison, John A.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1851 to 1853. 

Morrison, "William R.; was born in Monroe 
County, Illinois, September 14, 1825; received a lib- 
eral educiition, and adopted the profession of the law; 
in 1852 was chosen Clerk of Jlonroe County, whicli 
office he resigned to go into the State Legislature, 
where he served three years; was Speaker of tlio 
House in 1859; served as a private in the Mexican 
War, fighting under Colonel Bissell at Buena Vista; 
after the Rebellion broke out, organized the Fort^•- 
ninth Regiment Illinois Volunteers, and was severely 
wounded at Fort Donelson; while in command of his 
regiment in the field was elected a Representative 
from Illinois to the Thirty -eighth Congres.s, serving 
on the Committee on the Militia; was a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia "National Union Convention" of 
1866, and the "New York Convention" of 1868; 
also re-elected to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth 
(j'ongresses, serving on various committees; in De- 
cember, 1875, was appointed Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Ways and Means; was re-elected to the 
Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, 
and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Morrissey, John ; was born in the town of 
Tem])lemore, Tipperary County, Ireland, February 
12, 1831; emigrated to the United States when five 
years of age, and, for many years, resided at Troy 
and Ijansingburg, in New York; worked for a, time 
in a paper-mill, and afterwards learned the trade of 
a brush manufacturer; was subsequeutly engaged as 
deck hand on a Hudson Kiver steamer, and then be- 
came a runner for a steamboat company in New York 
City; in 18.52 made his first appearance in California 
as a professional gladiat<ir or pugilist; returning to 
New York, participated in several encounters, which 
gave him a wide reputation in the sporting world, 
and, after winning the "Championship," in ]8.'>8, 
relinquished the profession; subsequently entered 
politics; was elected a Representative from New York 
to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses, serving oa 



356 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



the Committee on Revolutionary Pensions; was a 
Delegate to the New York Convention of 1868; in 
1875 was elected to the Senate of New York. Died 
^May 1, 1878. 

Morro-wr, Jeremiah ; was horn in Pennsylvania, 
in 1770; reuioxed to the Northwest Territory, now 
the State of Ohio, in 1795; was chosen a member of 
the Territorial Legislature in 1800; was the firet Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Ohio, serving from 18113 
to 1813; was a Senator in Congress from 1813 to 1819; 
in 1814 was appointed a Commissioner to treat with 
the Indians; in 1821 was a Presidential Elector; was 
Governor of Ohio from 1822 to 182lj, subsequently a 
Canal Commissioner; was elected to Congress in 1840 
for the unexpired term of Thomas Corwin; served 
also as a Representative in Congress from 1841 to 
1843, officiating as Chairman of the Committee on 
Public Lands; for several years before his death was 
President of the Little Miami Railroad Company. 
Died in Ohio, March 22, 1852. 

Morro'W, 'WiUiain "W.; was born near Milton, 
Wayne County, Indiana, July 15, 1843; removed, 
witii his parents, to Illinois in 1845, and settled in 
Adams County; went to California in 1859; received 
a common school education, supplemented by private 
tuition in special branches; in the spring of 1862 
joined a party which discovered gold placers on the 
headwaters of the John Day River in Oregon; en- 
gaged in mining for a time; returned East in .Janu- 
ary, 1863, intending to pursue a course of studies in 
some Eastern college, but the active operations of 
the Government in the War of the Rebellion drew 
him to Washington, where he was appointed to a 
position in the office of the Secretary of the Treasury; 
served in the National Rifles, a military organization 
raised in the District of Columbia; was appointed 
Special Agent of the Treasury Department in Janu- 
ary, 18G5; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 
1809, and engaged in the practice of law; was As- 
sistant United States Attorney for California from 
1870 to 1874; Chairman of the Republican State Cen- 
tral Committee of California from 1879 to 1882; At- 
torney for the State Board of Harbor Commissioners 
from 1880 to 1883; Chairman of the Calilbrnia Dele- 
gation to the Republican National Convention in 1884; 
in that year was elected a Representative from Cali- 
fornia to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Morse, Freeman H.; was horn in Bath, Maine, 
February 18, 1807; was in the State Legislature from 
1840 to 1844, and also in 1853 and 1850; was Mayor 
of Bath three years; was elected to Congress in 1843, 
serving one term; was elected a Representative to the 
Thirty-fitth Congress from Maine, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on the Cost of Public Printing, 
and that on Naval Atfairs; was re-elected to the 
Thirty-sixtli Congress, and was a member of the 
Special Committee of Thirty-three on the Rebellious 
States; was a member of the " Peace Congress " of 
1861; was appointed, by President Lincoln, Consul 
at London. 

Morse, Isaac Ed-wrard^: ; was bom in New Or- 
leans, Louisiana, in 1809; waseduaited at Partridge's 
Military Academies at Norwich, in Vermont, and at 
Jliddletown, in Connecticut; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1829; studied law in New Orleans, and 
in FeTrasylyaaia; was a Representative from Louis- 
iana in the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, 
and Thirty -first Congresses; was subsequently At- 
torney-General of Louisiana. Died in New Orleans, 
February 11, 1866. 



Morse, Leopold; was born at Wachenheim, 
Bavaria, August 15, 1831 ; received a common school 
education; emigrated to the United States early ii» 
life; became a merchant in Boston, Massachusetts; 
was twice a Delegate to Democratic National Con- 
ventions; was tvvqce defeated as a Candidate for Con- 
gress; was elected a Representative from Massachu- 
setts to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sbcth, Forty-seventh,, 
and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Morse, O. A.; was bom in Cherry "Valley, Otse- 
go County, New Y'ork, March 26, 1815; graduated at 
Hamilton College, New York; studied law; was 
elected a Representative to the Thirty-fifth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on Invalid 
Pensions. 

Morsell, James S.; was born in Calvert County, 
Maryland, January 10, 1775; received a good educa- 
tion; studied law," and came to the bar in George- 
town, District of Columbia, where he continued to 
reside; served as a volunteer soldier in the war of 
1812; in 1816 was appointed, by President Madison, 
a Judge of the United States Court tor the District of 
Columbia, and continued in that capacity until 18(i3, 
when that court was abolished to make way lor the 
new order of affiiirs; he numbered among his inti- 
mate friends such men as Francis Key, Roger Taney, 
and Walter Jones; was also personally aequainted 
with George Washington. Died, after a long life of 
honor and usefulness, at the residence of his daughter 
in Prince George County, Maryland, January 11, 
1870, Iiaving, on the preceding day, completed his 
ninety-fifth year. 

Morton, Jackson ; was born in Virginia; re- 
moving to Florida, was a Senator in Congress from 
that State from 1849 to 18.'>5; subsequently entered 
extensively into the business of manufacturing lum- 
ber in Florida; served in the Rebellion as a membei 
of the Confederate Congress. 

Morton, Jeremiah ; was bom in Vbginia; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1849 to 1851. 

Morton, John ; was born in Ridley, Delaware 
County, Pennsylvania, in 1724; passed his boyhood 
on his father's farm; received a common English 
education; in 1764 was appointed a Justice of the 
Peace; was soon elected to the Assembly of the 
State; was a member of the New York Congress in 
1765; in 1767 became a County Sheriff, holding the 
office three years; was a Judge of the Supreme Court ; 
was a signer of the Declaration of Independence; was 
a Delegate to the Continental Congress from 1774 to 
1777. Died in April of the latter year. His dying 
words were uttered in behalf of his distracted 
country. 

Morton, Levi Parsons ; was bom at Stoneham, 
Vermont, May 16, 1824; received an academic educa- 
tion; became a merchant in Hanover, New Hamp- 
shire, in 1845; removed to Boston, Massachusetts, iu 
1850,' and to New York in 1854; in 1863 engaged in 
the business of banking, in New York, and in Lon- 
don, England; was appointed an Honorary Commis- 
sioner to the Paris Exposition of 1878; was elected 
a Representative fr'om New York to the Forty-sixth 
Congress; resigned in March, 1881, to accept the 
appointment of Minister Plenipotentiary to France. 

Morton, Marcus ; was born in Freetown, Massa- 
chusetts, December 19, 1784; graduated at Brown 
Vuivei-sity in IS 14; studied law, and devoted himsell 
to politics; in 1811 was chosen Clerk of the Massa- 



BIOGKAl'mCAL ANNALS. 



357 



<^liusctts Senate; was a Kepresentative in Cou^ress 
from Massachusetts from 1817 to 1821; in 182:i was a 
member of the Executive Council of that State; in 
1824 was elected Lieutenant-Governor; was sub- 
se<iuently a Judge of the Supreme Court of Massa- 
<;hur.ptts from 18J5 to 1840; was Governor of tlie 
State from 1840 to 1841, and again from 1813 to 
1844, chosen each time by one vote? was Collector of 
Boston from 1815 to 1849; was a member of the 
"Constitutional Convention " of 185:5; a member of 
the State Legislature in 1858. Died at Tauuton, 
February G, 1864. 

Morton, Oliver P.; was born in 'Wayne County, 
Indiana, August 4, 183:!; was educated at the Miami 
Univei-sity ; studied law and came to the bar in 1847; 
in 1852 was elected Circuit Judge of the Fifth 
Judicial Circuit of Indiana; in 185li was nominated 
by the Kepublicans for the office of Governor of In- 
■ <liana, but was defeated; in 1860 he was elected 
Lieutenant-Governor of Indiana; and in 1861, on the 
transfer of Governor H. S. Lane to the United States 
Senate assumed the office of Governor and held it 
lour years; in 1864 was elected Governor for a 
second term; in 1865, on account of his having been 
stricken with paralysis, visited Europe in the hope 
of improving his health; returned in 1866 and, in 
spite of continued ill-health, resumed his executive 
duties; in June, 1866, while seated in his chair, de- 
livered a politiciil speech which created much en- 
thusiasm in the State, and of which more than a 
million copies were published in pamphlet form; 
on the subsequent meeting of the Legislature, 
in January, 1867, was elected, by a remarkable vote, 
a Senator in Congress for the term ending in 1873, 
serving on the Committees on Foreign Relations, 
Agriculture, Military Aii'airs, and I'rivate Land 
Claims; in 1870 was tendered the Mission to England, 
but declined; was re-elected to the Senate for the 
terra ending in 1879, serving as Chairman of tlic 
Committees on Privileges and Elections. Died at 
Indianapolis, Indiana, November 1, 1877. 

Moseley, Jonathan Ogden ; was bom at East 
Haddam, Jliddlesex County, (Connecticut; was a 
graduate of Yale College in 1780; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from his native State from 1805 to 
1821; subsequently removed to Michigan, and died at 
Saginaw, in that State, September 9, 1839, aged 
seventy-seven years. 

Moseley, William A.; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1816; was a member of the New York Assem- 
bly in 18.35; of the State Senate from 18:58 to 1841, 
and a Representative in Congress from 1843 to 1847. 

Moseley, William D.; was Governor of Florida 
from 1845 to 1849. 

Moses, P. J., Jr.; was Governor of South Caro- 
lina from 1873 to 1875. 

Mosgrove, James ; was born at Kittanning, 
Pennsylvania, July 14, 1821; received a common 
st'hool education; engaged in the iron business, and 
became President of the Kittanning Iron Company; 
also President of the First National Hank of Kittan- 
ning; was elected a Representative from Pennsylva- 
nia to the Forty-seventh Congress. 

Motley, John Lothrop ; w.as born in Dorches- 
ter, Massachusetts. April 15, 1814; graduated at Har- 
vard Univei-sity in 1S:}1; spent a year at each of the 
Universities of Gottingen and Berlin; afterward trav- 
eled in Italy, and then returned to America, where 
he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1836; 



in 1839 published " Morton's Hope," a novel; in 1840 
he was Secretary of Legation to Russia, but soon re- 
turned; in 1849 wrote "Merry Mount," and also 
contributed articles to the New York Review on Do 
Tocqueville's Democracy, and Goethe's writings: and 
to the North American Reviexe on Peter the Great; 
went to Europe in 1851 to gather materials for a his- 
tory of the " Rise and Fall of the Dutch Kpiiublic," 
which was published at London in 1856; the work 
was translated into the Dutch, German, and French 
languages, with an introduction by Guizot in the lat- 
ter; in 1861 published the "United Netherlands"; 
was a member of the Institute of France, and other) 
learned societies of Europe and America; in 1801 
published in the London Times an essay on " Tho 
Causes of the American Civil War"; in 1868 deliv- 
ered an address on Historic Progress and American 
Democracy; in November, 18(!6, was appointed Min- 
ister Plenipotentiary to Austria; was recalled in 1867; 
was Minister to England from April, 1869, to No- 
vember, 1870. 

Mott, Gordon N.; was born in Zancsville, Ohio, 
October 21, 1812; studied law, and came to the bar in 
18:56; during the troubles between Mexico and Texas 
in that year, served nine months as a volunteer in the 
Texan service; soon after returned to Ohio, and set- 
tled in the practice of his profession in Miami Coun- 
ty; served as a Captain in the war with Mexico, hav- 
ing raised the company he commanded, after which 
he again returned to his native State: in 1849 emi- 
grated to California; in \S7>0 was elected Judge of 
Sutter County: in 1851 was appointed a District 
Judge; in 1861 was appointed, by President Lincoln, 
a Justice of the Supreme Court of Nevada Territory ; 
in 1862 was elected a Delegate from tliat Territory 
to the Thirty -eighth Congress. 

Mott, James ; was a Representative in Congress 
from New Jersey from 1801 to 1805; had previously 
Iteen Treasurer of the State, and was a Presidential 
Elector in 1309. 

Mott, Richard ; was born in Mamaroneck, West- 
chester County, New York, July 21, 1804; was edu- 
cated at the Quaker Seminary of " Nine Partners," 
in Dutchess County, New York; bred a merchant; re- 
moved to Toledo, Ohio; was elected to the Thirty- 
Iburth Congress, and re-elected to the Thirty-fifth 
Congress. 

Motte, Isaac ; was a Delegate from South Caro- 
lina to the Continental Congress from 1780 to 1782. 

Moulton, Mace; was born in New Hampshire; 
wiis Sheritfof Hillsborough County in 1845; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1845 
to 1847; a State Counselor in 1848 and 1849. 

Moulton, Samuel W.; wa.s born in AVenham, 
Massachusetts, January 20, 1822; received a common 
school education; after spending some years in the 
Southern States, settled in Illinois in 1845; adopted 
the profession of the law; was a member of the Illi- 
nois T>egislature from 1852 to 1859; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1856; was the author of the present com- 
mon school s.vstem of the State; was chosen President 
of the Board of Education of Illinois in 18.>9,,and 
held the position in 1864, when he wiis cle<tcd a Rep- 
resentative from Illinois to the Thirty-ninth Congres-s, 
serving on the Committees on Territories, and Ex- 
penditures in the Navy Department, and also on those 
on the Bureau of Education and Free Schools in the 
District of Columbia; was elected to the Forty -sev- 
enth Congress, and re-elected to the Forty-eightli 
Congress. 



358 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Moultrie, William ; was born in South Carolina 
in 1731; received a good education; in 17fil was Cap- 
tain in the Cherolcee Expedition; member of the Pro- 
vincial Congress in 1775; was promoted to Colonel in 
1775; by plautin;; a battery at Haddrill's Point com- 
pelled two British vessels to move off; was a member 
iOf the Council of Safety; in 1776 was ordered to Sul- 
Wivan's Island, and his defense of Fort Jloultrie \yon 
for him great renown; in 1776 was made Brigadier- 
I General; in 1779 defeated a superior British force 
I'near Beaufort; the same year opposed the advance 
upon Cliarlestou, and held the city until the approach 
of General Lincoln; also distinguished himself in 
1780 at Charleston, and was imprisoned until ex- 
changed for General Burgoyne; was Major-Geueral in 
1782; was Governor of South Carolina from 1785 to 
1786, and from 1794 to 1796; while a prisoner, he 
Wrote his "Memoirs." Died in Charleston, South 
Carolina, September 27, 1805. 

Mouton, Alexander ; was a Senator in Con- 
gress from Louisiana liom 1837 to 1841; Governor of 
the State from 1841 to 1845; took part in the Ke- 
bellion, and w:is killed on the Ked Eiver, April 9, 

1864. ^^_i ;:^c. ntr 

Mo'wer, Horace; was born in Vermont; removed 
to Michigan, from which State he was appointed an 
Associate Justice of the United States Court for the 
Territory of New Mexico, residing at Santa Fe. 

Mo"wry, Daniel, Jr.; was a resident of Smith- 
field, Khode Island, which he represented in the 
Colonial General Assembly at the time they passed 
the act which renounced allegiance to the king; was 
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas in Rhode Island; 
was elected a Delegate to the Continental Congress 
from that State in 1781 ; although the intention was 
to keep only two Delegates in Congress, four were 
elected, with instructions to serve alternately, each 
couple for six months; Varnura and Mowry were to 
have the first six months, and Collins and Ellery the 
Becond. 

Mudd, Ignatius; was appointed Commissioner 
of Public Buildings for the District of Columbia in 
1850, holding the position until 1S51. 

Muhlenberg, Francis Samuel ; was born in 
Philadelphia, April 22, I'lHo; received a liberal edu- 
cation; studied law; was Private Secretary to Gov- 
ernor Heister of Pennsylvania; removed to Uhio; be- 
came a member of the Legislature of that State; was 
a Kepresentative from Uhio in the Twentieth Con- 
gress. Died in I'ickaway County, Uhio, in 1832. 

Muhlenberg, Frederick Augustus ; was born 
at the Tni]^-, Pennsylvania, June 2, 1750; was or- 
dained to tHf ministry of the Lutheran Church in 
Germany; on his return to the United States otiici- 
ated in country churches in Pennsylvania, and in a 
chureli in ?iew York City, which he left when the 
Britlsli cTiti 1,(1; in 1779 and 1780 was elected to the 
Continental Congress by the Legislature of Pennsyl- 
vania; for three years succeeding was a member and 
Speaker of the State Legislature; was a member and 
President of the Council of Censors, and took an 
efficient part in calling the Convention of 1790, which 
revised the State Constitution; was I'resident of the 
Stiite Con\ention called to consider the ratitication of 
the Feileral Constitution, to which he gave an earnest 
support; was a member of the First, Second, Third, 
and Fourth Congresses; was Speaker of the House in 
the First and Third Congresses; was one of those who 
voted tiir locating the Seat of Government on the 
Potomac; as Chairman of tlie Committee of the 



Whole, he gave his casting vote in favor of the law 
required to carry Jay's Treaty into effect; was Kegis- 
ter of the Land Office of Pennsylvania, under Govern- 
, ors Mifflin and McKean, while holding which office 
lie died at Lancaster, June 4, 1801. i 

Muhlenberg, Henry Augustus ; son of Rev. 
Dr. Henry Ernestus and nephew of ,J. P. G. and F. A. 
Muhlenberg; was born at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 
May 13, 1782; was carefully educated by his very 
learned lather; was ordained to the Lutheran Min- 
istry in 1802; was called to Trinity Church, Reading, 
Penn.sylvania, in 1802, and remained a most accepta- 
ble pastor of that congregation until 1828, when ill- 
health and other causes compelled him to abandon 
the ministry; was President of the Lutheran Minis- 
terium of Pennsylvania, as his father and grandfather 
had been before him; was elected a Represeiitiitive 
from Pennsylvania to Congress in 182.9, and .served 
from March 4, 1829, until February, 1838, when he 
resigned his seat and accepted the Mission tt> Aus- 
tria, about that time created; President Van Buren 
tendered him the post of Secretary of the Navy, when 
forming his Cabinet, and the Mission to Russia, both 
of which he declined; in 1835 was the candidate of a 
portion of the Democratic party for Governor; in 1838 
was appointed Minister to Au-stria; in 1840 was re- 
called, at his own request; in 1844 was nominated 
lor the Governorship by the Democratic party, but 
during the canvass died suddenly at Reading, on the 
12th of August of that year; he was greatly beloved 
by the people, and richly deserved their esteem as an 
upright man and able statesman. 

Muhlenberg, Henry Augustus, Jr.; was born 
at Reading, Pennsylvania, in July, 1823; received an 
excellent education, availing himself to the fullest 
extent of every advantage offered him; gra<luated at 
Dickinson College; studied law for four yeai's, and 
was admitted to the bar in July, 1844; was elected 
to the State Senate in 1848, of which lx)dy he at once 
became a leading member; wrote a Life of General 
Muhlenberg; was elected a member of the Thirty- 
third Congress, in which body he appeared but lor 
one day; attacked with typhoid fever, he w;us never 
able to resume his seat, and died at Washington, 
.lanuary 9, 1854, to the great regret of a constituency 
which anticipated for him a long and distinguished 
career in the public service. 

Muhlenberg, John Peter Gabriel ; was born 

at the Trappc, Pennsylvania, October 1, 1746; was 
sent to Halle, in Germany, with his two younger 
brothers, Frederick A. and Henry E., in 1762, to be edu- 
cated; the three brothers were devoted to the Chris- 
tian ministry. Peter was ordained Deacon in the 
Church of England, on April 21, 1772, by the Bishop 
of London; a few days after. Priest, in company with 
William White, afterwards Bishop; returning to 
America, was settled over a charge in Dunmore, New 
Shenandoah County, Virginia; in 1774 was elected to 
the House of Burgesses of that Colony; at the break- 
ing out of the Revolution his .ardent sympathies with 
it carried him into the army; in his farewell .sermon 
he told his people, "There was a time for all things — 
a time to preach and a time to fight, and that now 
was the time to fight"; raised the Eighth Virginia 
Regiment, and was made its Colonel; his first cam- 
paign was in South Carolina and Georgia; on Febru- | 
ary 21, 1777, was made Brigadier-General, in which 
capacity he served with distinguished gallantry at 
Brandywine, Germantown, Monmouth, Stony Point, 
in Virginia, and at Yorktown, where he commanded 
the First Brigade of Light Infantry, in making the 
final assault with which he was wounded; in the 
^'•^A promotion was made Major-General; after the 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



^59 



■war was elected Vice-President of Pennsylvania; was 
a Presidential Elector in 17!)?; was a member of the 
First, Third, and Sixth Congresses, from Pennsyl- 
vania; was United States Senator in 1801, which 
olSce he resigned in 18112; was appointed Supervisor 
of Revenue for Pennsylvania in that year; was ap- 
poiutt^d Collector of the Port of Philadelphia, while 
holding which office he died, October 1, 1807. 

Muldrow, Henry L.; was born in Mississippi; 
graduated at the University of Mississippi; was ad- 
|uitted to the bar in 185!*, and engaged in the practice 
of law; served in the Confederate Army from 18(il to 
'.865, rising to the rank of Colonel; was District At- 
torney tor the Si.xth Judicial District of the State, 
from 1869 to 1871; was elected a Representative in 
the State Legislature in 1875; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Mississippi to the Forty-fifth, Forty- 
sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

MuUer, Nicholas ; was bom in the Grand 
Duchy of Luxembourg, Germany, November 15, 18:i6; 
received a common school education, and attended 
Luxembourg Atheneum; emigrated to the United 
States, and engaged in Railroad business; was a pro- 
moter of, and Director in, the Germania Bank of New 
York City; was a member of the State Assembly in 
1875 and 1876; of the Democratic State Central Com- 
mittee in 1875; was elected a Representative from 
New York to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Con- 
gresses; was also elected to tlie Forty-eighth Congress; 
was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

' Mullin, Joseph ; was a native of Ireland ; was a 
Represent.itive in Congress from New York from 
1847 to 1840. 

Mullins, James ; was born in Bedford County, 
Tennessee, September 15, 1807; received a limited 
education while working on his father's farm; on be- 
coming of age turned his attention to the milling 
business, and subsequently became a millwright, 
which business he followed until 1839; in 1831 was 
made a Colonel of Militia; from 1840 to 1846 was a 
County Sheriff; in 1862, on account of his devotion to 
the Union, 'was compelled to flee from his home for 
safety, and resided within the Federal lines at Nash- 
ville; became a Staff Officer, and participated in the 
battle of Murfreesborough; also took part in the 
assault on Hoover's Gap; was a Delegate to the 
'■Nashville Convention" of 1865; was elected to the 
State Legislature in the same year, and made 
Speaker; in 18ij7 was elected a Representiitive from 
Tennessee to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Territories, and Revolutionary Pen- 
sions. 

' Mumford, George ; w.is bom in Rowan County, 
North Carolina; represented it in the General As.sera- 
bly in 1810 and 1811; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1817 to 1819. Died in Washington, De- 
cember 31, 1818, before the expiration of his term. 

' Mumford, Gurdon S.; was born in New York; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1805 to 1811. 

Miongren, "William ; was born in Baltimore. 
Maryland, May 1'2, 18'31 ; removed, with his parents, 
to Ohio in 1830; received the rudiments of his educa- 
tion from his mother, but afterwards obtained a 
knowledge of the Latin and German languages; spent 
his yonth engaged in agricultural pursuits; adopted 
the profession of the law; was, for some years, the 
pnbli.sher and editor of the Drmocraiic Courier, pub- 
lished in l-indl:iv, 0!iio; in 1846 and 1848 was chosen 



a County Auditor; in 1851 was elected to the State 
Senate and declined a re-election; was a Delegate to 
the Democratic " Cincinnati Convention " of 1856, to 
the "Charleston and Baltimore Conventions" of 1860, 
and to the Philadelphia " National Union Conven- 
tion" of 1866; served during the Rebellion under 
General Shernmn, as Colonel of the Fifty-seventh 
Ohio. Volunteers, which he recruited, from 1861 to 
1863, when he resigned on account of ill-health; on 
recovering his health was appointed the State Agent 
to visit all the Ohio troops in the Department of Ten- 
nessee with poll-books and tally-sheets; in 1864 waa 
appointed to perform the same duty for the Ohio 
troops in the Army of the Potomac; in 1866 was 
elected a Representative from Ohio to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on the Niagara 
Ship Canal, the Union Prisoners, and Indian Affairs; 
was re-elected to the Forty-first Congress. 

Munroe, James; was born in Virginia; gradu- 
ated at West I'oint in 1815; having removed to New 
York, was elected a ^\epresentative in Congress from 
that Stat«, serving from 1839 to 1841; was a member 
of the Assembly of New York in 1850. and 1852, and 
a State Senator during the three subsequent years. 
Died in New Jersey in 1870. 

Munroe, Thomas ; became a citizen of Wa.sh- 
ington about the time of the removal of the Seat of 
Government from Philadelpliia, and in 1802 was ap- 
pointed Superintendent, or Conimi-ssioner, of Public 
Buildings for the District of Columbia. 

Munson, Lyman E.; was appointed Chief Jus- 
tice of the United States Coui-t for the Territory of 
Montana. 

Murch, Thompson H.; was born at Hampden, 
Maine, March 29, 1838; received a common school 
education; pa.ssed his early life at sea; learned the 
trade of a .stone-cutter and followed it for eighteen 
years; in 1877 became the editor and publisher of 
The Granitc-Culters' Intrrnatinnal Journal; was elected 
a Representative from Maine to the Forty-sixth and 
Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Murfree, 'William H.; was born in Hertford 
County, North Carolina; graduated at Chapel Hill in 
ISUl, and, having studied law, was a successful ad- 
vocate; served in the State Legislature in 1805; was 
a Representative in Congress from 1813 to 1817; was 
a Presidential Elector in 1813; in 1825 emigrated to 
Tennessee, and died soon after at Nashville. 

Murphy, Charles ; was bom in South Caro- 
lina; was a Representative in Congress from 1851 to 
1853. 

Murphy, Henry C; was born in Brooklyn, New 
York, in I^IO; graduated at Columbia College in 
1830; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1833; was at one time Attorney for the City of 
Brooklyn; was elected Mayor of that city in 1842; 
was a Representative in Congress from New York 
from 1843 to 1849; was appointed, by President 
Buchanan, Minister to The Hague; in his tastes 
he was decidedly literary, and devoted much at- 
tention to the investigation of the early history of 
his native State; on his return from Europe was 
elected to the Legislature of New York, serving in 
both the Assembly and Senate; was also a Delegate 
to the "State Constitutiimal Convention" of 1867; 
and was again elected to the State Senate in 1863 
and 1869; in 1868 published a translation from the 
Dutch entitled " Journal of a Voyage to New York, 
in 1679, 1680"; was a Delegateto the New York 
Convention of that year. 



360 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Murphy, Isaac ; was Governor of Arkansas from 
19(J4 to 1868. 

Murphy, Jeremiah H.; was born at Lowell, 
Mas.sa(liusetts, February 19, 18:!'>; wa.s educated in 
the common scliools of Boston, Massachusetts, and at 
the State University of Iowa, having removed to the 
latliT State in 1853; studied law, and was admitted 
to tlie bar in 1858; was Mayor of Davenport, Iowa, 
in 1873; was a State Senator from 1874 to 1878; was 
defeated for Congre.ss in 1870; was again elected 
Mayor of Davenport in 1880; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Iowa to the Forty-eighth Congress; 
was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Murphy, John; was a native of South Carolina; 
graduated at tlie South Carolina College in 1808; 
was Clerk of the Senate of South Carolina; Trustee 
of his A ma Mater; removed to Alabama in 1817; 
was Governor of Alabama from 1825 to 1829, and a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 
1833 to 1835. Died in Clark County, Alabama, 
September 21, 1841, in the fifty-sixth year of his 
age. 

Murphy, John L.; was born in Tennessee; was 
appointed an Associate Justice of the United States 
Court for the Territory of Montana, residing in Vir- 
ginia City. 

Murphy, ■William S.; was a citizen of Ohio; 
in 1843 was appointed Charge d'Alfainn io th>i Ke- 
public of Texas, and died at Galveston, July 13, 
1814. 

Murrah, Pendleton; was born in Alabama; 
graduated at Brown University in 1848; was Gov- 
ernor of Texas from 1803 to 18t>5. Died at; Monterey, 
Mexico, September 23, 1805. 

Murray, Ambrose S.; was born in New York; 
was elected a Representative from tliat State to the 
Thirty-fourth and Tliirty-fifth Congresses, and was a 
member of the Committee on Mileage, ^ni^ iW-^^/t, ' 

Murray, Eli H.; was, for a time, United States 
Marshal for Kentucky; in March, 1880, was appoint- 
ed, by President Hayes, Governor of the Territory of 
Utali for the term of four years. 

Murray, John ; was born in Lancaster, Pennsyl- 
vania; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1817 to 1821. 

Murray, John L.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Kentucky from 1838 to 1839. 

Murray, Robert M.; was born at Concord, Lake 
County, Oliio, November 28, 1841; was educated at 
Wil lough by, in Lake County, until sixteen years of 
age; then went to Oberlin College and remained two 
years; served in the Union Army oue year; at the 
close of the war attended Law College at Cleveland, 
Ohio, and graduated from that iustitution; engaged 
in the practice of law for a short time, and then be- 
came Cashier of the First National Bank of Paines- 
ville, Ohio, in which position he remained from 1870 
to 1879; resigned and removed to Piqiui, Ohio, where 
he engaged in the manufacture of farm implements; 
was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Forty- 
eighth Congress. 

Murray, Thomas ; was bom in Northumber- 
land County, Pennsylvania; was a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1821 to 1823. 

Murray, "William ; was born in New York; was 
B Representative in Congress from that State from 
1851 to 1855. 



Murray, "William "Vans ; was born in Mary- 
land about the year 1761; in 1783 went to London; 
entered as a student of law at the Temple, and re- 
mained three years; on returning to his native State 
engaged in the practice of law; was soon elected to a 
seat in the Legislature; in 1791 was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, and continued in that position 
until 1797, when he declined being a candidate; was 
appointed, by President Washington, Minister to the 
Netherlands; in connection with Jlr. Ellsworth and 
Mr. Davie, negotiated a treaty with France in 1800; 
returned to the United States in 1801. Died Decem- 
ber 11, 1803. He possessed great keenness of wit 
and delicacy of taste, and was distinguished for his 
elocjuence, having a mind well stored with science 
and literature. 

Mutchler, "William ; was born in Northampton 
County, Pennsylvania, December 21, 1831; was reared 
ou a farm: received an academic education; studied 
law at Ea.ston, and c;une to the bar in that place; in 
1800 was elected Prothonotary of his native county, 
and re-elected in 1863; was, for two years, an As- 
sessor of Internal Revenue; in 1869 and 1870 was 
Cliairman of the Democratic State Committee; in 
1874 was elected a Representative from Pennsylva- 
nia to the Forty-fourth Congress; in December, 1875. 
was appointed Chairman of the Committee on Ex- 
penditures in the Interior Department; was again a 
Representative in the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth 
Congresses. 

Myers, Amos ; was bom in Lancaster County, 
Pennsylvania, April 23, 1834; received a good aca- 
demic education; studied law, and came to tlie bar in 
1846; in 1847 was appointed a District Attorney; in 
1802 was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
t<i the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving as Chairman 
(if the Committee on Expenditures in the Navy De- 
partment, and a member of the Committee on Mileage. 

Myers, Leonard ; was born in Attleborough. 
Bucks County, Pcnu.sylvania, November 1.3, 1827; 
received a liberal education and adopted the profes- 
sion of the law; was Solicitor for two Municipal Dis- 
tricts in Philadelphia; codified the ordinances for the 
consolidation of the city; translated several works 
from the French; in 1862 was elected a Representa- 
tive from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, .serving on the Committees on Patents and Ex- 
penditures in the Post Office Department; was re- 
elected to tlie Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees ou Patents, Expenditures in the Post 
Office Department, and the Special Committee on the 
Civil Service; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, 
and was placed on the Committees on Foreign Afi'airs 
and Patents; was re-elected to the three succeeding 
Congresses, serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
PateutB. 

Myers, "William R.; was born in Clinton Coun- 
ty, Ohio, June 12, 1836; removed to Madison County, 
Indiana, in 1848 ; his childliood and youth were 
passed upon a farm; received a common school edu- 
cation; in 1856 learned the trade of a painter; fol- 
lowed this avocation during the summer and taught 
school during the winter seasons until 1861; in 1858 
was elected Surveyor of Madison County and con- 
tinued in that office until he enlisted in the Union 
Army in 1861; served throughout the war, rising to 
the rank of Captain; after the close of the war again 
tauglit school; studied law, and was admitted tc 
practice in 1871; in 1868 and 1869 was Superintend- 
ent of the I'ulilic Schools of Anderson, Indiana, and 
remained a member of the School Board until elected 
to Congress; w;us elected a Representative from In- 
diana to the Forty-sixth Congress. 



BIOUKATHICAL ANNALS. 



361 



Nabers, Benjamin D.; was born in Tennessee; 
on reniovini; to Mississippi, was elected a Uepie- 
sentative in Congress from that State from 1851 to 
18o;i; returnint; to Tennessee, was a Prasideutial 
Elector, in ISUl, from that State. 

Nance, Albiuus ; was born at La Fayette, Stark 
Count.>, Illinois, March 30, 1848; received a good 
education, taking; a part of the classical course at 
Knox College, Illinois; served in the Union Army 
throughout the Civil War; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar; in 1871 removed to Nebraska, and 
continued the practice of his profession; was a Rep- 
resentative in the State Legislature in 1875, 1876, 
1877, and 1878, and was Speaker of the House the 
two latter years; was Chairman of the Nebraska 
Delegation to the Kepublican National Convention of 
1870; was elected Governor of Nebriiska in 1878, and 
re-elected in 1880. 

Nash, Abner; was of Welsh descent, and born 
in I'riuce Edward County, Virginia; was educated 
for the bar; was the lirst elected Speaker of the North 
Carolina Senate, serving several terms; was the sec- 
ond Govarnor of the State under the Constitution, in 
1781; from 178;i to 1785 was in the Assembly; was a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress from 1782 Ui 
1786. Died in New York, December 2, 178G, while 
on his way to I'hiladelphia to take his seat in Con- 
gress. He was a true patriot, sparing neither health 
nor property in the cause of his country. 

Nash, O. E.; was born at Opelousas, Parish of 
St. Landry, Louisi.ma, May 23, 1844; received a 
common school education in New Orleans; enlisted 
as a private soldier in the Corps d' Afrique in 1863, 
and was promoted to the rank of Sergeant-Major of 
the regiment; lost a leg at Fort Bl.ikely, and was 
honorably discharged in 1865; in 1874 was elected a 
Kepreseutative from Louisiana to the Forty-fourth 
Congress. 

Naudain, Arnold; w.as born in Delaware; 
graduated at Princeton College in 1806; was a .Sena- 
tor in Congress from Delaware from 1829 to 1836. 
Died in Odessa, Delaware, January 4, 1872. 

Naylor, Charles; was born m the County of 
Philadelphia, I'ennsylvania, October 6, 18 J6; was 
educat d a lawyer; was admitted to the bar of Phila- 
delphia in 1828, and was for some years extensively 
engaged in practice; represented his native District 
in Congress from 1837 to 1841; in 1846 raised, in 
Philadelphia, a company of volunteei-s, and, as their 
Captain, took part in the war with Mexico; rendez- 
voused at the Island of Lobos, in the Gulf of Mexico; 
landed with the invading army at Vera Cruz; was 
active in the operations before that city, and in most 
of the engagements in General Scott's line; after the 
capture of the city of Mexico, .September 14, 1847, 
was appointed Governor of tlie National Palace (the 
"Halls of the Montezumas''), and keeper of the 
archives and property of thatlveimblic, and continued 
to hold that place and to aid in the adntinistration of 
the governmeut of the city until its final evacuation 
by the American Army, June 12, 1848; tilled many 
piists of trust and honor in his native State. Died in 
I'hiladelphia, December 24, 1872. 

- Neal, Henry S.; was horn at G.allipolis, Ohio, 
August 25, 1828; graduated at .Marietta College in 
1847; studied law, and was admitted to practice in 
1851; was elected a State Senator in 1861, and re- 
elected in 18,i3; was appointed Consul of the United 
States at Lisbon, Portugal, in 186?); was C/uirr/c 
tl' Affairc.'i during a part of 1869 and 1870. when he re- 
signed; was a Delegate to the State Constitutional 



Convention of 1873; was elected a Representative 
from Ohio to the Forty-hlth, Forty-sixth, and Forty- 
seventh Congresses; in 1883 was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Arthur, Solicitor of the Treasury, in which po- 
sition he served until 1885. 

Neal, John Randolph ; was born in Anderson 

County, Tennessee, November 26, 1838; in 1851 re- 
moved, with his parents, to McMiuu County, Ten- 
nessee; was reared on a f;irm; after obtaining a 
primary education in the loail common si;hools, he 
attended Hiawassee College, in xMonroe County, Ten- 
nessee, during one session, and then went to Emory 
and Henry College, Virginia, from which institution 
lie graduated in 18.58; taught school in Roane Coun- 
ty, Tennessee, for one year; studied law; in 1860 was 
admitted to the bar, and entered upon the practice 
of law; opposed secession, but when Tennessee 
joined the Confederacy he enlisted in the Confederate 
Array; was soon afterwards elected Captain; in 1862 
was commissioned Lieutenant-Colonel; in 1863 was 
promoted to a Colonelcy; in the spring of 1865 was 
assigned as a member of a Court organized at Rich- 
mond, Virginia, the Confederate Capitol, to adjudi- 
cate certain claims; on the fall of Richmond, soon 
afterwards, went to Giles County, Virginia, and 
taught school for three months; then returned to Ten- 
nesee, and taught school in Roane County until De- 
cember, 1866, when he went to Sevier County, Ar- 
kansas, and engaged in the practice of law; his health 
failing, in 1870, he returned to East Tennessee, and 
tiually settled at Rhea Springs, in Rhea County, Ten- 
nessee, where he continued to reside, and where he 
engiiged in mining, agriculture, and the practice of 
his profession: in 1874 was elected a Representative 
in the Tennessee Legislature; in 1878 was elected a 
State Senator, and, upon the assembling of the Legis- 
lature, in January, 1879, was elected Speaker of the 
Senate and ex-ojticiu Lieutenant-Governor of the 
State; in 1880 was a Presidential Elector; in 1884 
w;is elected a Representative from Tennessee to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Neal, La'wrence T.; was born in Parkersburg, 

Virginia, September 22, 1844; was educated at the 
.\sbuiy Academy; removed to Chillicothe, Ohio, in 
1864; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1866; was Solicitor of Chillicothe in 1867; was elected 
to the Legislature in 1867; was Attorney of Ross 
County in 1870, and held that office until 1872, when 
he resigned; was elected to the Forty-third and Forty- 
fourth Congresses, serving on the Committee on the 
Pacific Railroad. 

Neale, Raphael ; was born in St. Mary's Coun- 
ty, Maryhuul; was a Rejjresentative in Congress from 
tiiat State from 1819 to 182.5. 

Neece, "William H.; was born in Morgan Coun- 
ty, Illinois, February 26, 1831; in that year his par-iv 
ents removed to JIcDonough County, in tlie same 
State; was reared on a farm; received a common 
school education; in 1853 crossed the plains, with an 
ox team, to Portland, Oregon, where he remaineil one 
month, and then went to .Sacramento, California, 
where he served as cook in a hotel for five months; 
then engaged in mining; in 18.55 returned to Illinois 
and settled at Macomb; studied law; wa.s admitted to 
the bar and commenced practice in 1858; in 1864 was 
elected a Representative in the State Legislature; in 
1869 was elected a Delegate to the State Constitu- 
tional Convention; in 1871 was again elected to the 
Legislature; in 1872 was an unsuccessful candidate 
for'^Congress; in 1678 was elected State Senator, and 
served foui- years; was elected a Representative from 
Illinois to the Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected 
to the Forty-ninth Congress. , 



363 



BlUGlvAPHlCAL ANNALS. 



Negley, James S.; was bom in Allegheny 
County, Pennsylvania, December 22, 1826; was edu- 
vcated at tlie Western University; served in the war 
with Mexico; entered the volunteer service in 18(Jl; 
raised a brigade in three days, and was made a Brig- 
adier-General; was the first to direct public- attention 
to the removal of arms from the Allegheny Arsenal 
for the use of rebels; joined the army of General 
Sherman with his brigade, and succeeded General 
Buell in Tennessee; defended Nashville in 18(j2; was 
promote<l to a Major-General for gallant services at 
Stone Kiver; served with credit in the Campaign of 
Tallahoma, Alabama, and Georgia; was elected a 
Representative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-first 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Military 
Affaiis, Enrolled I3ills, and Kevolutionary Claims; re- 
elected to the two succeeding Congresses, serving on 
important Committees; in 1S.S4 was elected a Kepre- 
senfaitive to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Neil, John B.; was appointed Governor of Idaho 
for the term of four years from July, 1880. 

Neilson, John ; was a Delegate from New Jer- 
sey to the Continental Congress in 1778 and 1779. 

Nelson, Homer A.; was bom in Poughkeepsie, 
New York, August 31, 1829; adopted the profession 
of the law; in 1855 was elected Judge of Dutchess 
County lor four years, and in 1859 was re-elected for 
a second term; in 18(j2 was elected a Representative 
from New York to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Indian Affairs and Unfin- 
ished Business; in 18.'57 Kutgers College, of New Jer- 
sey, conferred upon him the degree of Master of Arts, 
and at the time of his election to Congress he was 
Colonel of the One Hundred and Fifty-ninth Regi- 
ment of New York Volunteers, which position he re- 
signed; was a Delegate to the "State Constitutional 
Convention" of 1867; a few months afterwards was 
elected Secretary of State, and re-elected in 18G8 and 
1869. 

Nelson, Hugh ; was bom in Virginia; was, at 
one time, Speaker of the House of Delegates of Vir- 
ginia; a Judge of the General Court; a Presidential 
Elector in 1809; a member of Congress from 1811 to 
1823: was immediately afterwards appointed Ameri- 
can Minister to Spain. Died in Albemarle County, 
ilarch 18, 1830. 

Nelson, Jeremiah ; was born in Rowley, Essex 
County, Massachusetts, September 14, 1769; gradu- 
ated at Dartmouth College in 17t)0; settled in New- 
bury port, Massachusetts, as a merchant; served as a 
Representative in Congress from Massacliusetts from 
1805 to 1807, and again from 1815 to 1823. Died at 
*Ne\vburyport, Octoljer 2, 1838. 

Nelson, John ; was born in Frederick, Mary- 
land, in 1791; gradu.ated at William and Mary Col- 
lege in 1811; was a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1821 to 1823; in 1831 was appointed 
Charge iVAffniris to the Two Sicilies; in 1844 was 
appointed by I'resident Tyler, Attorney-General of 
the United States. Died in Baltimore, January 8, 
1860, aged sixty-nine yeftrg. Received the degree of j 
A.M. from the College of New Jersey. 

Nelson, Knute ; was born in Bergen Stiff, Nor- 
way, Feliruary 2, 1M3; came, with his parents, to the 
United States in 184!», and settled in Cliicago, Illi- 
nois; removed to Wisconsin in 1850; took a four- 
years course at Albion Academy, from wliich he 
graduated; studied and practiced law; served in the 
Union Army more than three years, during the civil 
war; was wounded and taken prisoner at Port Hud- 



son, in 1863; was a Representative in the Wisconsin 
Legislature in 1868 and 1809; removed to Minnesota 
in 1871; was a State Senator in 1875, 1876, 1877 and 
1878; was Prosecuting Attorney of Douglas County 
for tiiree years; becime a Regent of the Minnesota. 
State University; w;is a Presidential Elector in 1880; 
was electeil,a Representative from Minnesota to the 
Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty, 
ninth Congress. 

Nelson, Roger ; was born in Maryland; was a 
General in the Revolutionary AVar; received .several 
severe wounds at the battle of Camden, and was left 
on the field; after the war studied law, and practiced 
with success; was a Representative in Congress from 
Marj'land from 1804 to 1810; was several years in tlie 
Virginia Legislature; from 1810 to 1815 was .ludge of 
the Upper District of that State. Died at Frederick- 
town, Maryland, June 7, 1815, at an advanced age. 

Nelson, R. R,; was born in Cooperstown, New 
York, Jlay 12, 1826; graduated at Yale College in 
1840; studied law, and came to the bar in New York 
City in 1849; removed to St. Paul, Minnesota, in 
1850; in 1857 Wiis appointed an Associate Justice of 
the Supreme Court of the Territory; and in 1858 Dis- 
trict Judge of the United States for the State of Min- 
nesota. In 1875 an opinion which he delivered on 
the Civil Rights Bill attracted much attention for its 
liberality. 

Nelson, Samuel ; was born in Hebron, Wash- 
ington County, New York, November 10, 1792, of 
Irish descent; graduated at Middlebur^' College, 
Vermont, in 1813; studied law, and came to the bar 
of New York in 1817; located himself in Cortland 
County, where he practiced his profession with great 
success; in 1820 was a Presidential Elector; was a 
Delegate to the "State Constitutional Convention" 
of 1821 ; during the same year was appointed Post- 
master of Cortland village; in 18i3 was made Judge 
of the Circuit Court, which position he held for eight 
years; in 1831 was appointed a Judge of the Supreme 
Court of that State; in 1837 was made Chief Justice, 
and held the position until 1845, when he was ap- 
pointed, by President Tyler, a Justice of the Supreme 
Court of the United States; in 1846 was elected a 
Delegate to the "State Convention " of that year, 
but declined to serve; received the degree of LL.D. 
from Middlebury College, Columbia College, and 
Geneva College; a sketch of his career was published 
in the "Pioneers of Cortland County," by H. C. 
Goodwin. Died at Cooperstown, New York, Decem- 
ber 13, 1873. 

Nelson, Thomas; was born in Peekskill, New- 
York, January 23, 1819; son of William Nelson, 
formerly in Congress; graduated at Williaurs Col- 
lege in 1836; studied law, and wiis admitted to the 
bar in New York; visited Europe in 1842; in 1851 
was appointed Chief Justice of the United States 
Court for the Territory of Oregon. 

Nelson, Thomas, Jr.; was bom in York, Vir- 
ginia, December 26, 1738; was educated at Trinity 
College England; was devoted to farming and some- 
thing of a sportsman; in 1774 was elected to the 
House of Burgesses, and took a bold stand in favor 
of liberty; was re-elected to that position; after at- 
tending various local conventions, was elected a Del- 
egate to the Continental Congress from 1775 to 1777, 
and again from 1779 to 1780, and was a signer of the 
Declaration ot Independence; took part in the mili- 
tary affairs of the time as a Brigadier-General; served 
in the State Legislature; in 1781 was elected Gov- 
ernor of Virginia; was present at the siege of York- 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



363 



town, acquitted himself with ability, and was pub- 
licly thauked by Washington; retired to private lil'e 
in 1781. Died in January, 1789. 

Nelson, Thomas A. R.; was born in Tennessee: 
was bred a lawyer; was a Presidential Elector in 
18-18; in 1851 was appointed, by President Fillmore, 
a Commissioner to China; served as a Representative 
from Tennessee to the Thirty-sixth Congress, and was 
\ a member of the Special Committee of Thirty-three 
on the Rebellious States; was re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, but was prevented ft'om 
taking his seat by the forcible action of the Confeder- 
ate Government; was also a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia "National Union Convention" of 18G(i; in 
March, 1868, acted as one of tlie Counsel for Presi- 
dent Andrew Johnson, before the High Court of Im- 
peachment; Wiis a Delegate to the New York Con- 
vention of that year. 

Nelson, Thomas H.; wasborn in Mason County, 
Kentucky, about 1824; removed early in life to Rock- 
ville, and afterward to Terre Haute, Indiana, where 
he became prominent in law and politics; was Min- 
ister to Chili from 1861 to 1866; was appointed Min- 
ister to Me.xico, March, 1869; was one of the found- 
ers of the Republican party in the West. 

Nelson, Thomas Leverett ; was born in 

Haverhill, New Hampshire, March 4, 1837; was 
prepared for college at Haverhill Academy and at 
Kimball Union Ac^ademy, Meriden, New Hampshire; 
entered Dartmouth College in 184'2; in 1844 removed 
to Burlington, Vermont, and entej ed the University 
of Vermont, in that city; graduated therefrom in 
1846, and engaged in civil engineering, in which oc- 
cupation he continued until 1853, residing in various 
parts of the country; then began the%tudy of law at 
Worcester, Massachusetts; was admitted to the bar, 
at Worcester, in 1855, and settled there in tlie prac- 
tice of law; was a Representative in the Massachu- 
setts Legislature in 1869, and was Chairman of the 
Judiciary Committee; was City Solicitor of Worcester 
from 1870 to 1873; at different times held numerous 
minor State and Municipal oflices; also became a 
member of several local societies, among which was 
the American Antiquarian Society; in 1878 was ap- 
pointed United States District Judge for the District 
of Massachusetts; in 1885 received the degree of 
LL.D. from the University of Vermont. 

Nelson, Thomas M.; was born in Virginia in 
1782; served with distinction in the War of 1812 
as a Capt;iin of Infantry; alter the war was promoted 
to the rank of Major, but resigned his commission; 
was a Representative in Congress from his native 
State from 1816 to 1819, when he declined a re- 
election, and retried to private life. Died November 
10, 1853. 

Nelson, William ; was born in Clinton, Dutchess 
County, New York, June 29, 1784; received an 
academic education; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1807; was District Attorney for the 
Counties of Westchester, Putnam and Rockland, for a 
period of thirty years; was a member of the Assem- 
bly of New York in 1819 and 1820, and a State Sen- 
ator in 1823; was a Representative in Congress from 
New York from 1847 to 1851 ; was a resident of Peeks- 
kill, where he died October 2, 1869. 

Nes, Henry; was born in York, Pennsylvania, 
in 1799; was educated a physician; was frequently 
called to fill places of trust and responsibility in his 
native town; was a Representative in Congress from 
|1843 to 1845, and again from 1846 to 1850, serving as 



Chairman of the Committee on Invalid Pensions; ho 
wiis reser\-ed in his habits, but had many devoted 
friends. Died September 10, 1H50. 

Nesbitt, "Wilson ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress Irom South Carolina from 1817 to 1819. 

Nesmith, James W.; wasborn in Washington 
County, Maine, July 23, 1820; when quite young 
removed to New Hampshire, and in 1838 emigrated 
to Ohio; subsequently spent some time in Missouri, 
and in 1843 emigrated to Oregon; in 1848 and 185;J 
commanded, as Captain, two expeditions against the 
Indians; in 1353 was appointed United States Mar- 
shal for Oregon, which position he resigned in 1855, 
and took command of a regiment; in 1857 was ap- 
pointed Superintendent of Indian Affairs for Oregom 
and Washington Territories; was elected a Senator 
in Congress from Oregon for the term beginning in 
1861 and ending in 18i)7, serving on the Comniitteea 
on Military Affairs and Indian Affairs, and also the- 
Special Committee appointed to visit the Indian 
tribes of the West, and the Committees on Commerce 
and Revolutionary Claims; in 1866 was appointed a 
Visitor to the AVest Point Academy, and was one of 
the Senators designated to attend the funeral of 
General Scott; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"National Union Convention " of 1860; was subse- 
quently appointed Minister to Austria, but not con- 
lirmcd; wliile devoting himself to farming in Oregon, 
was elected to the Forty-third Congress, in place of 
J. J. Wilson, deceased. Died June 17, 1885. 

Neville, Joseph; -was bom in 1730; was a. 

Revolutionary officer. Brigadier of State Militia, and 
Commissioner to run the boundary line between 
Virginia and Pennsylvania; was a Representative ia 
Congress from Virginia from 1793 to 1795. Died in, 
Hardy County, Virginia, March 4, 1819. 

Ne^w, Anthony ; wasborn in Gloucester County ,^ 
Virginia; was a Representative in Congress from 
Virginia from 1793 to 18u5; on taking up liis resi- 
dence in Kentucky, was elected a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1811 to 1813, from 
1817 to 1818, and fiom 1821 to 1823. 

NeTV, John C; was born in Vernon, Indiana, 
July 6, 1831; graduated at Bethany College, Vir- 
ginia, in 1851; studied law, and came to the bar in 
Indianapolis; in 1856 was appointed Clerk of the- 
Marion County Courts, and re-appointed; in 18 Jl 
was appointed Quartermaster-General of Indiana, 
ser\'ing as such until elected to the State Senate; also- 
acted, tor a time, as financial Secretary to Governor 
Morton, and assisted in the management of the- 
finances of the State; in 1865 was elected Cashier oC 
tlie First National Bank of Indianapolis, serving as- 
such until appointed, by President Grant, in 1875, 
without solicitation on his part, as Treasurer of the 
United States, in which jiosition he served until 
July, 1876; was Assistant Secretary of the United 
Stat«s Treasury from 1882 to 1884, when he re- 
signed. 

Ne-w, J. D.; was bom in Vernon, Indiana, No- 
vember 28, 1830; was educated at Bethany College, 
West Virginia; began the practice of law in 1.S56; was- 
elected District Prosecuting Attorney in 1832, and 
served two years; was elected Judge of Commoa 
Pleas in 1864, and served four years; w.as elected a 
Representative from Indiana to the Forty-fourth and 
Forty-sixth Congresses. 

Newberry, John S.; was born at Waterville, 
New York, November 18, 18'J6; removed to .Michi- 
gan, with his father, when a child; received an ac^ 



3G4 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



^emic education and graduated at Michigan Univers- 
ity in 1847; studied law, and was admitted to prac- 
tice in 1852; in 1864 engaged largely m manufactur- 
ing enterprises; held no political office prior to his 
■election as a Representative from Michigan to the 
Forty-sixth Congress. Died at Detroit, Michigan, 
January 2, 1887. 

Ne-wbold, Joshua G-. ; was born in Fayette 
County, Pennsylvania, May 13, 18:!0 ; received a 
■common school and academic education in his na- 
tive .State; applied himself to the study of medicine 
for one year and then abandoned it; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar, in March, 1854, removed to 
the vicinity of Mt. Pleasant, Henry County, Iowa, 
and settled upon a farm ; also engaged in merchan- 
dising; in 18(i'2 entered the Union Army as Captain 
of the Twenty -lifth Regiment of Iowa Volunteers; 
6cr^•ed as Judge-Advocate, with headquarters at 
Woodville, Alabama, was elected a Representative 
in tlie Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fift-eenth and Eight- 
eenth General Assemblies of the State of Iowa, and, 
in 1874, was temporary Speaker of the House; in 
187(i was elected Lieutenant-Governor, and was, e.i- 
officio, President of the State Senate; was Governor of 
Iowa in 1877 and 1878; held a number of county 
offices, and practiced law at Mt. Pleasant. 

Ne'wbold, Thomas; was a Representative in 
Congiess from New Jersey from 1807 to 1813, after 
■which he served in the Legislature of that State. 
Died in Burlington County, of apoplexy, in Decem- 
ber, 1823. 

Ne'WCOmb, C. A.; was born in Mercer County, 
Pennsylvania, .Inly 1, 18:!0; received a classical edu- 
cation; adopted the profession of the law; devoted 
much attention to the business of fruit-growing, es- 
pecially to the culture of the grape ; removed to 
Iowa, and was a Circuit Judge for two years; Judge 
of a County Court for three years; settled in Mis- 
•souri, and was elected, for two years, to the Legisla- 
ture of that State; in 18(16 was elected a Representa- 
tive from Missouri to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on Agriculture, and Roads and 
Canals. 

Ne"well, "William A.; was born at Franklin, 
Ohio; graduated at Rutgers College Grammar School] 
New Jersey, in 1836; was educated for the medlca- 
profe.ssion; settled in New Jersey; was elected a Rep 
resentative in Congress from New .Jersey from 1847 
to ls.')l, serving on the Committees on Revolutionary 
Claims and Roads and Canals; in 185() was elected 
liovcrnor of New Jersey for the term ending in 1860; 
■was a Delegate to the " Baltimore Convention " of 
18:i4 ; was also elected to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
press, ser-ving on the Committees on Revolutionary 
Claims, Foreign Aft'airs, and War Debts of the Loyal 
St;\tes; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyal- 
ists' Convention " of 1866; was a candidate for Gov- 
ernor of New Jersey in 1877, but was defeated by 
General McClellan; in 1880 was appointed Governor 
of Washington Territory for a te m of four years. 

Ne"whard. Peter; was born in Pennsylvania; 
•was a Representative in Congress from that State from 
18:;9 to 1843. 

Newman, Alexander; was born in Orange 
County, Virginia, in 1806; in 1836 was elected a Rep- 
resentatiTe to the State Legislature, where he served 
several years; was also elected to the State Senate; 
from 1845 to 1849 was Postmaster of Wheeling; was 
elected a Representative from Virginia to the Thirty- 



first Congress. Died of cholera before taking his 
seat, while on a visit to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in 
July, 1849. 

Nexvinan, Daniel ; was born in North Carolina; 
was appointed Lieutenant of the Fourth United States 
Infantry, March, 1799; resigned, Janu.ary 1, 1802; 
was Adjutant and Inspector-General of Georgia; Col- 
onel commanding Georgia Volunteers in two actions 
with East Florida Indians, in 1812; distinguished 
himself in an attack on Creek Indians in Autossea 
towns under General Floyd in 1813; was Lieutenant- 
Colonel commanding (Georgia Volunteers, December, 
1813; severely wounded at Camp Defiance, January, 
1814; was a Representative in Congress from Georgia 
from 1831 to 1833. Died in Walker County, Georgia, 
in 185L I 

Ne"wrsham, Joseph P.; was born in Monroe 
County, Illinois, in 1839; received an academic edu- 
cation; was a merchant's clerk for two j'ears; studied 
law, and came to the bar in Missouri in 1860; .served 
rs a Lieutenant and Adjutant in the volunteer army, 
and was wounded at the battle of Chickasaw Bayou; 
on being discharged from military service, removed 
to Louisiana, and was made Clerk of a Court in the 
Parish of Ascension ; was a Delegate to the State Con- 
stitutional Convention of 1867; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Louisiana to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on the Post Office Depart- 
ment 

Ne'w1;on, Eben; was bom in Goshen, Litchfield 
County, Connecticut, October 16, 1795; his early edu- 
cation was limited, having been obtained while work- 
ing on a farm; liis first earnings oft' the farm were 
from teaching school in the winter; in 1814 eniigr.ated 
to Portage County, Ohio, and turned his attention to 
liirming; studied law; in 1823 was admitted to the 
bar, and became the partner of Elisha Whittlesey, at 
Canfield, Ohio; in 1842 was elected a member of the 
Ohio Senate; was soon afterwards elected President 
Judge of the Third Circuit; was elected a Represent- 
ative in Congress for the term from 1851 to 18'i3, but 
before taking his seat visited I-^urope; in 18.56 was 
elected President of the Ashtabula and New Lisbon 
Railroad Company, in which position he remained 
until 1859, when he declined a re-election ; afterwards 
devoted him.self to the pursuits of agriculture, in 
which he was eminently successful. /) Jy /r,^ ^^ Isti' 

Ne'wton, Isaac ; w,asborn in Burlington County, 
New Jersey, in 1800; shortly after he became of age, 
settled on a farm in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, 
and soon took rank among the best farmers in the 
State; was one of the first and most active members 
of the State Agricultural Society; was for years per- 
sistent in urging upon Congress the policy of estab- 
lishing the Department of Agriculture; was appointed 
its first Commissioner, after organization. Died in 
Washington, June 19, 1867. 

Ne'wton, Thomas; was born in Norfolk, Vir- 
ginia, in 1769; was a Representative in Congress from 
N'irginia from 1801 to 1829. and again from \^Z\ to 
1833; served for many years as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Commerce and Manufactures. Died in 
Norfolk, Virginia, August 5, 1847. 

Ne'wton, Thomas "W.; was a Representative iu 
Congress fiom Arkansas in February and March, 
184-7'. 

Ne'wton, "Willoughby ; was born in Virginia; 
w;vs a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1343 to 1845. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



305. 



Niblack, Williara E.; was born in Dubois Conn- 
ty, Indiana, May 19, 1H-.J2; stndied law, and w;us ad- 
mitted to practice in 1843; during tliat year was ap- 
pointed County Surveyor; in 184'J was elected to tlie 
State Legislature, where he served until 18o2; in 
1854 was appointed a Circuit Judge, and subsequent- 
ly elected for six years, was elected a Uepresentative 
in theThirty-tifth Congress from Indiana, serving on 
the Committee on Mileage, and re-elected to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Patents; w:xsa Delegate to the "Chicago Convention" 
of 18(}4, and to the "New York Convention" of 1868; 
was elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
tlie Committee on Ways and Means; also, re-elected 
to the Forty-lii-st, Forty-second, and Forty-third Con- 
gresses; was, from 1864 to 1872, a member of the 
"National Democratic Committee" for Indiana. 

Nib'.ack, Silas N.; was elected a Representative 
from Florida to the Forty-second Congress, having 
successfully contested the seat claimed by Josiah T. 
Walls. 

Nicholas, George ; was born in Hanover, Vir- 
ginia; graduated at William and Mary College in 
I'lTi; w;is distinguished, during the Revolution, in 
the field, and in the Council; was Major of Second 
Virginia Regiment in 1777, and, afterwards, Colonel; 
was a leading member of the Convention which rati- 
fied the Federal Constitution; a prominent member 
of the House of Delegates in Virginia; removed to 
Kentucky in 171)0; was a member of the Convention 
for framing a State Constitution, and was the author 
of that instrument; was the first Attorney-General of 
the State. Died in Kentucky in 1799. 

Nicholas, John; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1793 to 1801 ; subsequently 
removed to Geneva, Ontario County, New York, 
wlience he was elected to the State Senate from ISOU 
to 1809. Died May 27, 1821. 

Nicholas, Robert Carter ; was bom in Vir- 
ginia in 1715; graduated at William and Mary Col- 
lege; represented James City in the House of Bur- 
gesses of Virginia when very young; continued in 
that position until the House of Delegates was organ- 
ized in 1777, and was a member of that body until 
1779, when he was appointed a Judge of the High 
Court of Chancery, and consequently of the Court of 
Appeals; was opposed to the Stamp Act resolutions 
of Patrick Henry; was Treasurer of the Colony from 
1776 to 1777; in 1773 was a member of the Commit- 
tee of Correspondence; was also a member of all the 
important Conventions, and President pro ton. of 
that of July, 1775; was a good lawyer and financier. 
Died at Hanover, Virginia, in 1780. 

Nicholas, Robert Carter ; was bom in Vir- 
ginia; was appointed Captain of the Twentieth Infan- 
try in 1812; Major of the Twelfth InfiUitry in 1813; 
Lientenant-Colonel in 1814; was Charge d' Affaires 
to Naples, and subsequently Secretary of State of 
Louisiana; in 1851 became Stat« Superintendent of 
Pnblic Instruction. Died at Terrebonne, Louisiana, 
December 24, 1857. 

Nicholas, "Wilson C; was Governor of Virginia; 
•was an otficer in the War of the Revolution, and a 
member of the Convention which ratified the Consti- 
tution of the United States; was a distinguished 
member of the Senate of the United States from 1799 
to 18IJ4 and of the National House of Representatives 
from 1807 to 1S;)9, and ably supported the measures 
of President Jefl'crson'a Administration; in 1804 re- 
signed his seat in the Senate, and accepted the office 
of Collector of the Ports of Norfolk and Portsmouth; 



was afterwards again a member of the House, but re- 
sigued his seat in 1809; in 1814 was Governor, and 
remained iu office uutil 1817. Died at Milton, Octo- 
ber 10, 1820. 

Nicholls, John C.; was born at Clinton, Geor- 
gia, April 25, 1834; was educated at Williara and 
Mary College, Virginia; studied law, and divided his 
attention between the practice of his profession and 
the occupation of a planter; served in the Confederate- 
Army throughout the war; was a member of th& 
State Constitutional Convention of 1865; was a Pres- 
idential Elector in 1868; was elected to the State 
Senate in 1870 and served five years; was a Delegate 
to the Democratic National Convention in 1876; was 
elected a Representative from Georgia to the Foi-ty- 
sixth Congress; was also elected to the Forty-eighth 
Congress. 

Nichols, Francis T.; was Governor of Louisiana 

from 1876 to 1880. 

Nichols, Matthias H.; was born in Saleia 
County, New Jersey, October 3, 1824; his educ-atiou 
was acquired in a printing-office, and by the aid of 
friends who instructed him after the ordinary hours 
of labor; studied law, and in 1849 was licensed to 
practice in Auglaize County, Ohio; was Prosecuting 
Attorney for Allen County; resigned the ottice in 
1852, to become a candidate for Congress ; was- 
elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty- 
third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-fifth Congresses,, 
and was a member of the Joint Committee on Print- 



Nicholson, Alfred O. P.; was bom in William- 
son County, Tennessee, August 31, 1808; graduated 
at Chapel Hill University, North Carolina, iu 1827; 
settled in Tennessee as a lawyer; was a member of 
the Sfcite Legislature from 1833 to 1839; was a Sena- 
tor in Congress from that State from 1840 to 1842,- 
was a member of the State Senate from 1843 to 1845; 
was Chancellor of the middle division of the State in • 
1845; was President of the Bank of Tennessee in 
1846 and 1847; was elected Printer of the House of 
Repr&sentatives by the Thirty-third Congress, and 
Printer of the Senate by the Tliirty-fourth Congress; 
from 1853 to 1856 was editor of the Wasliingtoa 
Daily Union; was elected a Senator in Congress from 
Tennessee for the term commencing in 1859 and end- 
ing in 1865, but was expelled July 11, 1861; was a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "National Union Con- 
vention" of 1866. 

Nicholson, John ; was for several years a mem- 
ber of the New Y'ork Assembly; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from that State from 1809 to 1811. 
Died January, 1820, aged fifty-five years. 

Nicholson, John A.; was bom in Laurel, Sus- 
sex County, Delaware, November 17, 1827; was edu- 
cated at Dickinson College, Pennsylvania; settled at 
Dover, Delaware, in 1847; studied law, and came to 
the bar in 1850; subsequently retired to private life; 
was elected a Representative from Delaware to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committee oo 
Public Expenditures, and the Special Committee on 
the Death of President Lincoln; re-elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committee on Ap- 
propriations. 

Nicholson, Joseph Hopper; was a native of 
Maryland; received a good education; was a lawyer 
by profession; in 1805 was appointed Chief .Justice 
of the Sixth Judicial District; was also a Judge of 
the Court of Appeals of Maryland; fiom 1799 to 180S 
was a Representative in Congress. Died Maich 4, 
1817, aged forty-seven years. 



366 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Nicoll, Henry ; was born in the city ol' New 
York, October 23, 1S12; graduated at Columbia Col- 
lege in IHol); studied law, and practiced with suc- 
cess; was a memberof the New York "Constitutional 
Convention " of 184(); was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York, from 1847 to 1849. 

Nicoll, John C; was a native of Georgia; was a 
man of education and culture, and a resident of Sa- 
vannah; in 1839 was appointed United States Judge 
for the District of Georgia. 

Niles, Jason; was elected to the Forty-fliird 
Congress from Mississippi, serving on the Committee 
on Banking and Currency. 

Niles, John M.; was born in Windsor, Connecti- 
cut, in 1787; was bred to the bar, and went to Hart- 
ford in 1816 to practice law; in 1817 was there, con- 
cerned in publishing the Times, which he edited for 
a time; in 1820 was a Commissioned Judge of the 
County Court; was appointed Postmaster at Hart^ 
ford, by President Jackson, and held the office until 
made a Senator in Congress in 1835, in which posi- 
tion he remained until 1839; in 1840 Vas appointed 
Postmaster-General by President Van Bureu; in 1842 
was again elected to the United States Senate, served 
si.\ years, retired to private life, and died May 31, 
185G. AVas fond of literary pursuits, and his con- 
tributions to the periodical press were abundant; 
edited a "Gazetteer" of Connecticut and Rhode 
Island, and wrote a " History of South America." In 
his will he gave twenty tliousand dollars for the 
beneiit of the poor of Hartford, and bequeathed his 
library to the Historiciil Society of Connecticut. 

Niles, Nathaniel ; was born in South Princeton, 
Rhode Island, in 1741; graduated at Princeton Col- 
lege in 176G; was a student of law, medicine and 
theology; was the inventor of making wire from bar 
iron, by water jjower, and erected, at Norwich, Con- 
necticut, a woolen-card manufactory; was a member 
of the Vermont Legislature, and Speaker of the 
House; was a Judge of the Supreme Court of Ver- 
mont; was six times a Presidential Elector; was a 
Representative in Congress from Vermont, from 1791 
to 1795; wrote poetry and many sermons, and 
preached in his own house twelve years. Died at 
West Fairlee, Vermont, in November, 1828. 

Nisbet, Eugenius; was born in Georgia in 1803; 
received an English and legal education; was, for 
several years, a Judge of the Supreme Court of the 
.State; was a Representative in Congress from 1839 to 
1S41; took an active part in the Rebellion of ISGl; 
became a member of the Confederate Congress. Died 
at Macon, March 18, 1871. 

Nisbet, E. A.; was bom in Georgia; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from that State from 1839 to 
1842; took part in the Rebellion. 

Niven, Archibald C; was born in New York; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1845 to 1847, and a member of the State Legis- 
lature in 1864. 

Nixon, John T.; was born in Cumberland 
County, New Jersey, in 1820; gradu.ated at Princeton 
College in 1841; studied law, and came to the bar in 
1845; served in the New Jersey Legislature from 
1848 to 1850, during the last year as Speaker; was 
elected a Representative from Nevy Jersey to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Commerce; was re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Committee 



on Commerce; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention " of 1866; in 1870 was ap- 
pointed United States Judge for the District of New 
Jersey. 

Noble, David A.; was born in Massachusetts; 
liberally educated; adopted the profession of the law; 
on removing to Jlichigan, was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress from that State from 1853 to 1855. 

Noble, James ; was a native of Battletown, 
Clark County, Virginia; removed, when a youth, to 
Kentucky, and subsequently to Indiana; was a self- 
educated man, and very influential in his adopted 
State; was a Senator in Congress from Indiana from 
1816 to 1831. Died in Washington, February 26, of 
the latter year. 

Noble, Noah ; was born in Virginia, .lanuary 15, 
1794; was Governor of Indiana from 1831 to 1837. 
Died in Indianapolis, February, 1844. 

Noble, Patrick ; was boru in Abbeville District, 
South Carolina, in 1787; graduated at New .Jersey 
College in 1806; was a lawyer, and partner of J. C. 
Calhoun; a State Representative in 1812; was Speaker 
from 1818 to 1824, and again from 1832; in 1836 was 
President of the State Senate: was Governor from 
1838 to 1840. Died at Abbeville in 1840. 

Noble, "Warren P.; was born in Pennsylvania, 
June 14, 1821; received a good English education in 
the State of Ohio; studied and practiced law; was 
elected to the Ohio Legislature in 1856. serving two 
terms; in 1860 was elected a Representative from 
Ohio to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Patents; was re-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the same Committee. 

Noble, "William H.; was bom in New York; 
served three years in the Assembly of that State from 
Cayuga County; was a Representative in Congress 
from. New York from 1837 to 1839. Died at Roches- 
ter, February 5, 1850, aged sixty-two years. 

Noell, John W. ; was born in Bradford County, 

Virginia, February 15, 1816; emigrated to Missouri 
with his parents in 1832; receivedaliberal education; 
adopted the profession of the law; from 1841 to 1850 
was Clerk of the Circuit Court of Perry County, Mis- 
sour- ; served four years in the State Senate of Mis- 
souri; in 1858 was elected a Representative from Mis- 
souri to the Thirty -sixth Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Expenses of the Public 
Buildings; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress; serving as a member of the Committee on 
Claims; was also re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress. Died in AVashington, March 14, 1863. 

Noell, Thomas E.; was born in Perryville, Mis- 
souri, April 3, 1839; received a good English educa- 
tion; when nineteen years of age was admitted to the 
bar, and practiced law until 1861, when he was ap- 
pointed a Military Commissioner for the arrest of dis- 
loyal persons; subsequently went into the ranks of 
the State Militia, and rose to the rank of Major, 
which he held until 1862; in that year was appointed 
a Captain in the Nineteenth Regiment of Regular 
United States Infantry; was subsequently elected a 
Representative from Missouri to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Private 
Land Cl.aims, the Militia, and Mines and Mining; 
was a Delegate to the " National Union Convention" 
lield in Philadelphia in 1866; re-elected to the For- 
tieth Congress. Died at St. Louis, October 3, 1867. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



367 



Noggle, David ; was born in Franklin County, 
Pennsylvania, October 30, 1809; received a common 
school education, and even that with great difficulty; 
|-emo\ed, with his father, to Ohio in 18:20; in 1836 re- 
moved to Illinois, wliere he studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar; in 1840 removed to Bcloit, Wis- 
consin; in 1845 was made Postmast('r of that place; 
resigned in 1848; was a memberof the Constitutional 
Convention of 1846; of the Wisconsin Legislature in 
1855 and 1857; was a Circuit Judge of the State from 

1858 to 1866; in 186U was aiipointed Chief Justice of 
the Superior Court of Idaho; re-appointed in 1873; on 
account of failing health resigned the position in 
1875, and removed to San Francisco, California. 

Nolan, Michael N.; w.is born in Ireland in 1834; 
emigrated to the United .States in 184 1; received a 
Pomnion school education; studied law ; became 
largely interested in the business of brewing; a Di- 
rector in the National Savings Bank of Albany, New 
York; was, for ten years, Fire Commissioner of Al- 
bany, was elected Maj'or in 1878; re-elected in 1880 
and 188:2; was elected a Representative from New 
York to the Forty-seventh Congress. 

Norcross, Amasa; was bom at Rindge, New 
Hampshire, January 26, 18"24; received an academic 
education; studied law; w;is admitted to the bar in 
1847 and commenced practice; was a member of the 
Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1858, 

1859 and 18,>2; was Assessor of Internal Revenue from 
1802 to 1873; was Mayor of Fitchburg, M;issachu- 
setts, in 1873 and 1874; was a State Senator in 1874; 
was elected a Representative from Massachusetts to 
the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- 
gresses. 

Norris, Benjamin W.; was born in Kennebeck 
County, Maine, in 1819; when a boy worked on a farm; 
graduated at Waterville College in 1843; read law, 
but instead of practicingthe profession, was engaged in 
teaching for several years; was for several years a 
Land Agent for his State; was a Delegate to the Na^ 
tioual Baltimore Convention of 1864; was a Commis- 
sioner for the Soldiers' National Cemetery at Gettys- 
burg from 1863 to 1865; was appointed a Paymaster 
in the Army in 1864, and on being mustered out in 
18b'5, purchased a plantation and settled in Alabama; 
was a member of the State Constitutional Convention 
of 13(i8; was elected a Representative from Alabama 
(o the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Reconstruction. Died in Montgomery, January 
27, 1873. 

Norris, Moses ; was born in Pittsficld, New 
Hampshire, in 1799; graduated at Dartmouth Col- 
lege in 1828; studied law, and devoted himself suc- 
cessfully to the practice; in 1839 was elected to the 
State Legislature, and in 1840 was Speaker of the 
House; in 1341 was elected a member of the State 
Council ; in 1843 was elected a Representative in 
Congress, where he continued four years; in 1847 was 
again a member of the Legislature, and Speaker; 
while serving in that capacity was elected a Senator 
in Congress, serving from 1849 to 1855. Died in 
Washington, January 11, 1855. 

North, John W.; was an early emigrant to the 
Territory of Nevada ; was appointed an Associate 
Justice of the United States Court for the District of 
Nevada, residing at Carson City. 

I 

■ North, ■William; was Aid to Baron Steuben in 
the Revolutionary War, and afterwards appointed 
Adjutaut-tleneral; was Senator in Congress from New 
York, by appointment, in 1798, in the place of J. S. 

' • 



Hobart, resigned. Died at New Y'ork, January 4, 
1836, aged eighty-three years, and was buried at 
Duanesburg. 

Norton, Daniel S.; was born in Mount Vernon, 
Knox County, Ohio, April 12, 1829; was educated at 
Kenyon College; served one year in the war with 
Mexico in the Second Ohio Regiment; commenced the 
study of law in 1848 at Mount Vernon; in 185i) went 
across the plains to California, spending a part of that 
and the Ibllowing year in Nicaragua; returning to 
Oliio, renewed the study of law, and came to the bar 
in 1852; pnicticed his profession in that State until 
1855, wlien he removed to Minnesota; in 1857 was 
elected to the State Senate, declining re-election in 
1859; was again re-elected in 1860, and also in 1863 
and 1864. having been a member of the State House 
of Representatives in 1862; in 18:>itook his .seat .as a 
Senator in Congress from Minnesota for the term end- 
ing in 1871, serving on the Committ<'es on Indian 
Attairs, Engrossed Bills, Claims, Territories, and 
Patents and the Patent Office; was also a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia "National Union Convention " of 
1866. Died in Washington City, July 1, 1870. 

Norton, Ebenezer F.; was bom in New York; 
served in the State Assembly from Erie County in 
18'23; \vas a Representative in Congress from New 
York from 1829 to 1831. 

Norton, Elijah H.; was bom in Logan County, 

Kentucky, November 24, 1821 ; received a liberal 
classical education, graduating at the Transylvania 
Law School in 1841; removed to Mis.sonri in 1845; 
practiced law until 1852, when he was chosen a 
.ludgeof the Circuit Court of Missouri; was re-elected 
to the same position in 1857; after resigning the 
Judgeship, in 1860, was elected a Representative 
from Missouri to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. 

Norton, Jesse O.; was bom in Vermont; gradu- 
ated at Williams College, Ma.ssachusetts; emigrated 
to Illinois in 1839; studied law, and came to the bar 
in 1840; in 1847 was a member of the "Stat* Consti- 
tutional Convention"; was a memberof the State 
Legislature in 1851 and 1852; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Illinois to the Thirty-third and Thirty- 
fourth Congresses, serving on the Committees on Post 
Offices and Post Roads; in 1857 was elected Judge of 
the Eleventh Judicial District of Illinois, holding the 
office until 181)2; in 1863 was again elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, serving on the Committees oa 
Post Offices and Post Roads, and Revolutionary Pen- 
sions; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia '"National 
Union Convention " of 1866. 

Norton, Nelson I.; was born in Cattaraugus 
County, New York, March 30, 1829; received a com- 
mon school education; in early lile wiis engaged in 
farming; subsequently devoted himself to mercantile 
business; returned to farming; was appointed a .Jus- 
tice of the Peace; was six j-ears a County Assessor; 
five years a County Supervi.sor; was elected to the 
State Legislature in 1861; was a Presidential lOlcctor 
in 1872; in 1875 was elected a Represcntati\-i< from 
New York to the Forty-fourth Congress to fill the va- 
cancy caused by the death of Augustus F. Allen. 

Norvell, John; was bred a printer; for a time 
was the editor of a newspaper in Philadelphia: was 
appointed, by President Jac'cson,- Postmaster of De- 
troit, Michigan; having lee me identified with the 
Territory of Michigan, be; am ■ one of the Senators in 
Congress from the uewSt: te serving in that ca])acity 
from 1835 to 1841. Died of apoplexy, in April, 1850. 



368 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



It is worthy of notice that this worthy man left seven 
sons, six of whom served their country with credit as 
soldiers during the Rebellion. 

Nor-wood, Thomas Manson ; was born in Tal- 
bot County, Georgia, April 2i>, 1830; received an aca- 
demic education in Monroe County, Georgia; gradu- 
ated at Emory College, Oxford, Georgia, in 1850; 
studied law and was admitted to the bar in 18-52; re- 
moved to Savannah in 1852; was a member of the 
^Georgia Legislature in 1861 and 1862; was a Presi- 
'dential Elector in 1868; was elected to the United 
States Senate in 1871 for the term ending in 1877, 
serving on the Committees on Pensions, Transporta- 
tion, Land Claims, and Revolutionary Claims; in 
18S4 was elected a Representative from Georgia to 
the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Nott. Abraham ; was born at Saybrook, Con- 
necticut; graduated at Yale College in i';87; studied 
for the ministry, but did not take orders; in 1788 
taught school in Georgia a year; studied law in Cam- 
den, South Carolina; was admitted to the bar in 
1791 ; in 1794 settled on the Pacolet River, and con- 
tinued the practice of his profession; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1799 to 1801, when he was 
elected a Judge of the Court of Appeals, and Judge 
of the Superior Court. Died at Fairfield, South 
Carolina, June 19, 1830. 

Nott, Charles Cooper ; was born at Union Col- 
lege, Schenectady, New York, September 16, 1827; 
studied law, ami on his admission to the bar, settled 
in the city of New York, where he practiced from 
185U to 1801; served as a Captain of Cavalry and also 
Lieutenant-Colonel and Colonel of New York Volun- 
teers during the Rebellion; was made prisoner in 
1863, and confined for more than a year; in 1865' was 
appointed, by President Lincoln, one of the Judges 
of the Court of Claims in Washington. 

Nott, Ed-ward ; was bom in 1657; was Governor 

of Virginia from 1705 until his death, which occurred 
August 23, 1706, at Williamsburg, Virginia. 

Nottrse, Amos ; graduated at Harvard in 1812; 
studied medicine; was a Medical Lecturer at Bow- 
doin College from 1846 to 1854, and Medi(;al Professor 
since 1854; was also Postmaster of Hallowell, Maine, 
and Collector of Customs at Bath; was a Senator in 
Congress from Maine from January to March, in 
1857. 

.Nourse, Joseph; was bom in London in 1754; 
emigrated, with his family, to Virginia in 1769; en- 
tered the Revolutionary Army in 1776, as Secretary 
to General Charles Lee; was Clerk and Auditor of 
the Board of War from 1777 until appointed Assist- 
ant Auditor-General in 1781 ; was Register of the 
United States Treasury from 1789 to 1829; was a 
Vice-President of the American Bible Society. Died 
near Georgetown, District of Columbia, September 1, 
1841. 

Noyes, Ed-ward Follensbee; was bom at 
East Haverhill, Essex County, Massachusetts, Octo- 
ber 3, 1832, but his parents died before he was three 
years of age, and he went to reside with grandparents 
at East Kingston, New Hampsliire; attended the 
common schools and the Kingstion Academy; at the 
age of thirteen was apprenticed to the printer's trade 
in the oiBce of the Morning .S'tar newspaper, at Dover, 
New Hampshire; remained there four and a half 
years; then attended school in the summer and 
taught school in the winter, while preparing for col- 
lege; attended Dartmouth College, Hanover, New 
Hampshire, graduating therefrom, near the head of 



his class, in 1857; the same 'ear settled at Cincin- 
nati, Ohio; having studied It. " and been admitted 
to the bar, he commenced the p •" -tice of law at Cin- 
cinnati in 1858; in 1861 entcre^. the Union Army as 
Major of the Thirty-ninth Regiment Ohio Volunteer 
Infantry; in 1862 was promoted to Lieutenant-Col- 
onel and Colonel; lost a leg in battle July 4, 1864, 
while leading an assault upon the enemy's works, 
near Marietta, Georgia; was subsequently brevetted 
a Brigadier-General; in October, 1864, was assigned 
to the command of Camp Dennison, Ohio; in 1865, 
while absent on military duty, was elected Solicitor of 
the city of Cincinnati, which office he held two years; 
in 1867 was elected Probate Judgeof Hamilton ( 'ounty, 
Ohio, for a term of three years; in 1870 traveled in 
Europe; in 1871 was elected Governor of Ohio; in 
1873 was re-nominated for Governor, but was de- 
feated by a narrow majority; received the votes of 
the Republican members of the Legislature for 
United States Senator, but wa-s not elected; in 1876 
was Chairman of the Ohio Delegation to the Repub- 
lican National Convention, and nominated the suc- 
cessful candidate, Rutherford B. Hayes; in 1877 was 
appointed, by President Hayes, Envoy Extraordinary 
and Minister Plenipotentiary of the LFnited States to 
France; resigned in 1881, and returned to his home 
in Cincinnati, where he resumed the practice of his 
profession; during his service abroad, was sent on a 
special mission to the East, visiting all the countries 
bordering on the Mediterranean Sea. 

Noyes, John; was a graduate of Dartmouth 
College in 1795; was subsequently a tutor in that 
institution; was elected a Representative in Congress 
from Vermont, from 1815 to 1817. Died in 1841, 
aged seventy-eight years. 

Noyes, Joseph C; was born at Portland, Maine, 

in 1798; was a member of the State Legislature in 
1833; a Representative in Congress from Maine, from 
1837 to 1839, serving as a member of the Committee 
on Agriculture; was a mercliant by occupation; was 
Collector of the Passamaq noddy District from 1841 to 
1843; was subsequently Tre;isurer of a Portland Sav- 
ings Bank. Died in Portland, July 21, 1868. 

Nuckolls, Stephen F.; was born in Grayson 
County, Virginia, August 16, 1825; received an 
academic education; removed to Missouri in 1846, 
aud engaged in mercantile pursuits; in 1854 removed 
to Nebraska Territory; was one of the founders of 
Nebraska City, and was a member of the Legislature 
in 1859; in 1860 went to Colorado Territory, and en- 
gaged in mining; from 1864 to 1867 resided in New 
York City; settled in Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory, 
in 1867, and upon the organization of Wyoming Ter- 
ritory, in 1869, was elected a Delegate to the Forty- 
first Congress. 

Nuckolls, ■William C; was born in South Car- 
olina; grailuated at the University of that State in 
1820; adopted the profession of the law; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress Irom South Carolina, Horn 
18-27 to 1833. 

Nugen, Robert H.; was bom in Washington 
County, Pennsylvania, in 1809; with his parents re- 
moved to Columbiana County, Ohio, in 1811; settled 
in Tuscarawas County in 1828; in 1830 was elected a 
Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Roads and Canals j 
declined a re-election. 

Nunn, David A.; was bom in Haywood County, 
Tennessee, July 26, 1832; was educated at the Col- 
lege of West Tennessee; studied and practiceil law; 
in 1863 was elected to the State Senate ; in la65 'x> 




Agricultural Department Building 
washington. 




Bureau of Engraving and Printing Building, 

washington. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



:i69 



tlie State House of Representatives; was elected a 
IJopresentative from Tennessee to the Fortieth and 
Forty-third Congresses, serving on the Committees on 
lievolutionary Claims, Invalid Pensions, and Freed- 
men's Affairs. 

Nutting, Newton W. ; was bom in Oswego 
<'ounty, New York, October 2'2, 1840; received an 
.loademic education; studied law; was admitted to 
the bar in 1863, and engaged in practice at Oswego, 
New York; was School Commissioner for four years; 
was District Attorney of Oswego County from 1869 
to 1872; was County Judge from January, 1878, to 
March, 1883, when he resigned, having been elected 
a Representative from New York to the Forty-eighth 
Congress. 

Nye, James "W.; was born in Madison County, 
New York, June 10, 1815; adopted the profession of 
the law; in 1861 was appointed, by President Lin- 
coln, Governor of Nevada Territory, in which posi- 
tion he continued until the adoption of the State 
Constitution, when he was chosen a Senator in Cou- 
gress from the new State for the term commencing in 
1665, and ending in 1867, servin2: on the Committees 
on Naval Affairs, and Territories, and as Chairman 
of that on Enrolled Bills; was also a member of the 
National Committee appointed to accompany the re- 
mains of President Lincoln to Illinois; in January, 
1867, was re-elected to the Senate for the term end- 
ing in 1873, serving as Chairman of the Committee 
on Revolutionary Claims. 

Oakley, Thomas Jackson; was born in 
Dutchess County, New York, in 1783; graduated at 
Y''ale College in 1801 ; studied law, and entered upon 
the practice at Poughkeepsie, New York; in 1810 was 
appointed Surrogate of Dutchess County; in 1813 was 
elected a Representative in Congress where he con- 
tinued until 1815, when he resumed his profe.ssion, 
and was elected a member of the Assembly; was ap- 
pointed Attorney-General of the State of New York 
in 1819; in 18'.!0 again served in the Assembly, and in 
1827 was again elected to Congress; in 1828, when 
the Superior Court of New York City was organized, 
he was appointed one of its Judges; on the reorgani- 
zation of the Court under the Constitution of 1846, 
was elected the Chief Justice, and continued in that 
position until his death, which occurred in New 
Y'ork City, May 11, 1857. The duties of the various 
stations to which he was called he discharged with 
fidelity and marked ability. 

Oates, "William C; was born in Pike, (now 
Bullock) County, Alabama, November 30, 1835; was 
self-educated; studied law; was admitted to the bar 
in 1S58 and practiced with success; also engaged in 
farming and milling; in 1831 entered the Confederate 
Army as Captain and was promoted to a Colonelcy; 
was a Delegate to the National Democratic Conven- 
tion of 1808; was a Representative in the State Leg- 
islature from 1870 to 1872; was a member of the 
State Constitutional Convention of 1875: was elected 
a Representative from Alabama to the Forty-seventh 
Congress; re-elected to the Forty -eighth and Forty- 
ninth Congresses. 

O'Bannon, A. J.; was born in Virginia; was a 
Clerk in the Treasury Department; in 1859 was ap- 
pointed Fourth Auditor of the Treasury, remaining 
in office until 1860. 

O'Brien, James ; was born in King's County, 
Ireland, March 13, 1841; received a common school 
education: emigrated to the United States, and set- 
tled in New York City ; was elected an Alderman In 

24 



1864, and re-elected in 1866; was elected Sheriff io 
1867; was elected State Senator in 1871; was elected 
a Representative from New York to the Forty-sixth 
Congress. 

O'Brien, Jeremiah ; was born at Machi;is, 
Maine, in 1768; received a limited education; served 
six years in the Maine Legislature; was a farmer and 
merchant; was a Representative in Congress from 
Maine from 1823 to 1831. Died at Boston, Mas.sa- 
chusetts, May 30, 1858. 

O'Brien, "William J.; was born in Baltimore, 
Maryland, May 28, 1836; was educated at St. Mary's 
College; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1858; was elected to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth 
Congresses, serving on the Committee on Pensions. 

Ochiltree, Thomas P.; was born in Texas in 
1837, his father having been one of the founders of 
the 'Texas Republic; was educated in the schools of 
his native State; at the age of seventeen volunteered 
in the "Texas Rangers," and served in several In- 
dian campaigns; served with distinction in the Con- 
federate Army during the Civil War, rising to the 
rank of Colonel, and being several times honorably 
mentioned in Special Orders; soon alter the close of 
the war was appointed, by President Grant, United 
States Marshal in his native State; was, for a time, 
State Commissioner of Emigration, to visit Europe; 
was elected a Representative from Texas to the 
Forty-eighth Congress. 

O'Connor, M. P.; was born at Beaufort, South 
Carolina, September 29, 1831; was graduated from 
St. John's College, Fordham, New York; studied 
law; was admitted to the bar, and encaged in prac- 
tice; was a Representative in the Legislature of 
South Carolina from 1858 to 1865; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from South Carolina to the Forty-sixth 
Congress. Died April 26, 1881. 

Odell, Moses F.; was born in Tarrytown, 
Westchester County, New York, February 24, 1818; 
received a common school education; from a Clerk he 
rose to the position of Assistant Collector of the Port 
of New York, under President Polk; under President 
Buchanan held the post of Public AppraL<!er; was 
elected a Representative from New York to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on the Treasury Department, and a mem- 
ber of that on Indian Affairs; was re-elected to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress; serving on the Committee on 
Military, Attairs; in 1865 was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Johnson, Naval Agent for the Port of New 
York. Died in that city June 13, 1866. He was a 
man of rare business habits, and universally re- 
spected. His disease was cancer in the mouth. 

OdeU, N. Holmes ; was born near Tarrytown, 
New York, OctoberlO, 1828; graduated at the Pauld- 
ing Institute, Tarrytown; spent four years in the 
steamboat business between Albany and New York; 
was a member of the Assembly during two successive 
sessions, closing in 1861; was founder of the First 
National Bank at Tarrytown, and was its first 
Cashier, which office he resigned in 1864; was elected 
County Treasurer in IStili, and re-elected in 1869 and 
1872; in 1874 was elected a Repre-sentative from New 
York to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

O'Donnell, James ; was bom at Norwalk, Con- 
necticut, March 25, 1840; removed, with his parents, 
to Michigan, in 1848; enjoyed no educational advan- 
tages, but after commencing to learn the printer's 
trade, in 18')6, made up this deficiency by study after 
working hours; in 1801 enlisted in the First jlichi. 



370 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



gau Infantry, and served out his time, participating 
in the iirst battle of Bull Run; was Recorder of the 
City of Jackson, Michigan, for fourterms, I8G0-I8IJ6; 
established the Jackson Daity Citizen in 18G5, and 
continued its owner and editor; was Presidential 
Elector in 1872, and was designated by the State 
Electoral College as Messenger to convey the vote of 
Michigan to Washington; was elected Mayor of Jack- 
son in 1876 and re-elected in 1877; in 1878 was ap- 
pointed Aid-de-camp on the staff of Governor Cros- 
well, ivith the rank of Colonel; in 1884 was elected a 
Representative from Michigan to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

O'Ferrall, Cliarles T.; was born in Frederick 
County, Virginia, October 21, 1840; at the age of 
fifteen was appointed Clerk pro tenijwre of the Cir- 
cuit Court of Morgan County, Virginia, to fill a 
vacauQr caused by the death of his father, and at 
iihe age of seventeen was elected Clerk of tin- County 
■Court of that County for six yeai-s; in May, 1861. 
enlisted in the cavalry service of the Confederate 
-States; passed through all the grades to Colonel, and 
:at the surrender of Lee was in command of all the 
Confederate Cavalry in the Shenandoah Valley; vpas 
several times wounded — once througli the lungs; soon 
after the close of the war studied law at Washington 
College, Lexington, Virginia: graduated and located 
at Harrisonburg, Virginia, wiiere he commenced the 
practice of his profession ; was a member of the Gen- 
eral Assembly of Virginia from 1871 to 1873; was 
Judge of the" County Court of Rockingham County 
from' 1874 to 1880; iu 1882 was the Democratic 
nominee for Congress in the Seventh District of Vir- 
ginia, and according to returns he received 11,941 
votes against 12,14(i votes for .Tohn Paul, the nom- 
inee of the Republican-Rcadjuster Coalition party; 
contested the election, and was seated by the Forty- 
eighth Congress, May 5, 1884; was re-elected to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Ogden, Aaron; was born in Elizabethtown, 
New Jersey, Decembers, 1756; graduated at Nassau 
Hall in 177;!; taught school for a time; served as an 
officer in the army throughout the Revolutionary 
War; had a horse shot under him at the battle of 
Springfleld, New Jersey; particii)ated in the Sul- 
livan campaign against the Indians; lor his services 
at Yorktown was complimented by Washington; 
after the war pursued the legal profession with 
distinction; was a Presidential Elector in 1800; was 
a Senator in Congress from 1801 to 1803; was Gov- 
ernor of New Jersey in 1812; at the time of his 
death was President-General of the Society of Cin- 
cinnati. Died at Jersey City, April 19, 1839. Dur- 
ing the War of 1812, President Madison tendered 
him a commission as Major-General in the Army of 
the United States, which honor he declined, prefer- 
ring to continue, as be had been, Commander-in- 
Chi'ef of the Militia of his own State. 

Ogden, David A.; was born in Jlorristown, 
New Jersey; studied law; took up his residence m 
St. Lawrence County, New York in 1812; was a 
member of the Assembly in 1814 and 1815; was a 
Representative iu Congress from New Y'ork from 
1817 to 1819. Died at Montreal, Canada, June 9, 
1829. 

Ogden, Robert , was a Delegate from New Jer- 
sey to the Colonial Congress, which met in New 
York in 1765. 

Ogier, Isaac S. K.; was born in South Carolina; 
ivas an early emigrant to California, and resided at 
Los Angeles; in 1858 was appointed Judge of the 
United States Court for the Southern District of 
CWifornia. 



Ogle, Alexander ; was born in Maryland about 
the year 1765; removed, at an early age, to Somer- 
set, Penn.sylvania; in 1806 was elected to the State 
Legislature, and frequently re-elected; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Pennsylvania from 
1817 to 1819; subsequently served several years in 
the two Houses of the State Legislature; was a Gen- 
eral of Militia; for nine years was Prothonotary of his 
County. Died in Somerset, Pennsylvania, October 
14, 1852. 

Ogle, Andrew J.; was born at Somerset, Penn- 
sylvania, in 1822, and was a grandson of Alexander 
Ogle; was considered a precocious politician, and was 
Prothonotary of his County when twenty-one years 
of age; was a Representative in Congress from 
Pennsylvania from 1849 to 1851; President Fillmore 
appointed him C/iar//e d' Affaires to Denmark in 1852, 
but he died suddenly of apoplexy before accepting 
the appointment. 

Ogle, Benjamin; was born in Maryland in 1751; 
was a member of the Council of that State before the 
Revolution; was Governor Iroui 1798 to 1801. Died 
in Annapolis, July 6, 1809. 

Ogle, Charles ; was a son of Alexander Ogle, 
and was born at Somerset, Pennsylvania, in 1798; 
was educated for the bar, and was a successful law- 
yer; was a Representative in Congress from Penn- 
sylvania from 1837 to 1841; distinguished himself 
by a speech against the appropriation for furnishing 
the Executive Mansion; was a General of Jlilitia. 
Died May 10, 1841, having been elected to the suc- 
ceeding Congress. 

Oglesby, Richard J.; was born iu Oldham 
County, Kentucky, July 25, 1824; settled in Illinois 
in 1836; received a common school education; was a 
carpenter for two years; studied law, and was admit- 
ted to the bar in 1845; served one year in the Mexi- 
can War; worked two years in the mines of Califor- 
nia; was elected to the State Senate in 1860; resigned 
to enter the volunteer service in 1861 ; at the com- 
mencement of the Rebellion was chosen Colonel, 
afterwards appointed Brigadier-General, and in 1863 
a Major-General; resigned in 1864, and was electid 
Governor of Illinois; was again elected Governor in 
1872; a few months thereafter was elected to the 
United States Senate for the term ending in 1879, 
serviiig on the Committees on Pensions, Public 
Lands, and Indian Aftairs; in 1884 was again elected 
Governor of Illinois for a term of four years. 

O'Hara, James E.; was born in the city of New 
York, February 26, 1844; received an academic edu- 
cation; removed to North Carolina; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1872; engaged in the prac- 
tice of law in Halifax; was Chairman of the Board 
of Commissioners of Halifax County from 1872 to 
1876; was a member of the State Constitutional Con- 
vention of 1875; was a candidate for election to the 
Forty-sixth Congress, but htSopponeht was given the 
certificate of election: was elected, without opposi- 
tion, a Representative from North Carolina to the 
Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Olcott, Simeon; was born in 1737; graduated 
at Yale College in 1761; studied law, and settled in 
the practice at Charlestown, New Hampshire; in 1784 
was appointed Chief Justice of the Court of Common 
Pleas; in 1790 a Judge of the Superior Court; Chie) 
.hidge of the same Court in 1795; was a Senator ii> 
Congress from New Hampshire from 1801 to 1805 
Died in New Hampshire in 1815. 



BIUUUAPHICAL A^XNALS. 



S71 



Olden, Charles C; was born in Princeton, New 
Jersey, in 1797; after engaging in mercantile pur- 
suits in New Orleans and Philadelphia, returned to 
his native place in 1825, and devoted himself to farm- 
ing ; between the years 1844 and 185U was twice 
elected to the State Senate; in 1859 was elected Gov- 
ernor of the State, after which he retired to private 
life in his old home near Princeton. 

Olds, Edson B.; was born in Vermont; was edu- 
cated for the medical profession ; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Ohio from 1849 to 1855; in 18G2 
was, for a short time, imprisiined in Fort Lafayette 
for supposed disloyalty, anil wlii'.e tliere confined was 
elected a member of the Assembly of Ohio, having 
previously served six years in the State Legislature, 
and been Speaker of the Senate ; after the close of the 
■war of the Rebellion he built a church with the un- 
derstanding that it "should be free from the heresy 
of regarding sla%-ery and rebellion as sins." Died 
at Lancaster, Ohio, January 24, 1869. 

Olin, Abraham B.; was born in Shaftsbnry, 
Bennington County, Vermont, in 1812; graduated at 
Williams College, Massachusetts, in 1835; commenced 
the practice of law at Troy, New York, in 1838; was 
for three years Recorder of the city of Troy; was 
elected a Representative to the Thirty-fifth Congress 
from New York, serving as a member of the Commit- 
tee on Expenditures on the Public Buildings; was 
re-elected to the Tliirty-sixth Congress, sei\ ing as a 
member of the Committee on Military Aftairs; was 
re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress; in 1S63 
was appointed, by President Lincoln, a .ludgeofthe 
Supreme Court of the District of Columbia: in 1865 
the degree of LL.D. was conferred upon him by Union 
College; his father, Gideon Olin, was in Congress from 
Vermont during the administration of President .Tef- 
ferson. Died July 7, 1879. 

Olin, Gideon; was born in Rhode Island; re- 
moving to Vermont, became one of its founders; was 
a member of the State Legislature and Speaker of 
the House; a Judge of the County Court, and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1803 to 1807. Died at 
Shaftsbury, Vermont, in 1822. 

Olin, Henry ; his boyhood was passed in Addi- 
son County, Vermont; was elected to the General 
Assembly of that State in 1799, and, excepting four 
years, continued to serve in that capacity until 1825; 
was a member of the "State Constitutional Conven- 
tion " of 1814, 1822, and 1828; was an Associate 
Judge of the Addison County Court from 1601 to 
1806; was Chief Judge of said court in 1807, and 
from 1810 to 1824; was chosen a liepresentative in 
Congress to fill a vacancy ciiused by the death of 
Charles Rich, in 1824, and served through tlie term 
ending in 1825; was also, at one time. Licutennut- 
Governor of the State. Died at Salisbury, Vermont, 
in 1837, aged seventy years. 

Oliphant, E. P.; was a native of Pennsylvania; 
was appointed from that State an Associate Ju.sticc 
of the United States Court for the Territory of Wash- 
ington, residing at Whateomb. 

Oliver, Addison ; was born in Washington 
"ounty, Pennsylvania, in 1833; graduated at Wash- 
ington College in 1850; spent two yeai-s in Arkansas 
as a teacher; returned to Washington in 1853, and 
studied law with William Montgomery, M.C. ; was 
admitted to practice, and settled in Western Iowa itk,i 
1857; was elected to the Iowa House of Representa- 
tives in 1863, and to the Iowa Senate in 1865; was 
elected Judge of the Fourth .Judicial Circuit in 1868, 



and twice re-elected to the same office, which he con- 
tinued to hold until elected a Representative from 
Iowa to the Forty- fourth Congress; re-elected to the 
Forty-fifth Congress. 

Oliver, AndreTV ; was born at Springfield, Otse- 
go County, New York; soon alter his birth, in 1819, 
his parents removed to Penn Yan, in Yates County; 
received a classical education, and graduated at 
Union College in 1835; studied law; was admitted to 
the bar in 1838, and entered upon a successful prac- 
tice; was appointed to succeed his father as First 
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas in 184!!, which 
position he held until the adoption of the new State 
Constitution; in 1846 was elected Judge of the Sur- 
rogate and County Courts; in J852 was elected a 
Representative to the Thirty-third Congress; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Oliver, Mordecai ; was born in Anderson Coun- 
ty, KentuiliV, October 22, 1819; emigrated to Mis- 
souri in 1832; received as good an education as that 
country afforded, and entered upon the study of law 
at the age of nineteen, was admitted to the bar in 
1842; was elected Circuit Attorney for the Fifth Ju- 
dicial Circuit of Mis.souri in 1848; in 1852 was elected 
a member of the Thirty-third Congress, and re-elected 
to the Thirty-fourth Congress; upon retiring from 
Congress, he resumed the practice of his profession in 
Richmond, Missouri. 

Oliver, William M.; was a native of Spring- 
field, Otsego County, Xew York; was a lawyer by 
profession, and for a long time First Judge of the 
Court of Common Pleas; was a State Senator and 
Lieutenant-Governor in 1830, and a Representative 
from New York in the Twenty-seventh Congress. 

Olney, Cyrus ; was a native of New York; was 
an early emigrant to the Territory of Oregon; in 1853 
was appointed an Associate Justice of the United States 
Court for that District. 

O'Neal, Edward Asbury ; was born in Madi- 
son County, Alabama; graduated from La Grange 
College; .studied law, and settled at Florence, Ala- 
bama, in the practice of his profession; was Prose- 
cuting Attorney of the Fourth Judicial Circuit for 
four years; entered the Confederate Army as a Cap- 
tain, in 1861, and rapidly rose to the rank of Briga- 
dier-General, at the close of the war resumed the 
[uactice of law at Florence; was a member of the 
State Constitutional Convention of 1875; in 1882 was 
elected Governor of Alabama; was re-elected in 1884. 

O'Neill, Charles; was born in Philadelphia, 
.Mai-ch 21, 1821; graduated at Dickinson College in 
1S40; studied law, and came to the bar iu 1843; in 
18.50, 1851, and 1852 was elected to the State Legis- 
lature, and in 1853 to the State Senate; again elected 
to the Legislature in 1859; in 1862 was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-eighth 
( ongre-ss. serving on the Committee on Commerce; 
re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the same committee; was re-elected to the Fortieth, 
l''orty-first. Forty-third, and Forty-fourth Congresses, 
serving again on the same committee and those ou 
Appropriations and Kxpenditures in the I'ost Offieo 
Department; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty- 
sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth 
Congresses. 

O'Neill, John; was born in Phil.idelphia, Penn- 
sylvania, December 17, 1821 ; in 1827 settled, with 
his father, in Frederick, Maryland; was educated ati 
St. John's College, at that place; studied law, and 
came to the bar of Maryland in 1-'12; in 1844 re- 



372 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



moved to Ohio, and there practiced his profession in 
the Supreme Court; in 1855 was elected Prosecuting 
Attorney for Muskingum County; in 1862 was elected 
a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Private Land 
Claims. 

O'Neill John J.; was bom at St. Louis, Mis- 
souri, June 25, 1846, of Irish parents; received a 
common school education; was in the Government 
civil service during the Civil War; was afterwards 
engaged in manufacturing pursuits; m 1872 was 
electid a Representative in the State Legislature; 
was re-elected in 1874 and 1876; in 1878 was nomin- 
ated for Congress by the Workingmen's party but 
withdrew; was elected to the Municipal Assembly ot 
St. Louis in 1879, and re-elected in 1881; m 1884 
was elected a Representative from Missouri to the 
Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the lorty- 
ninth Congress; signalized his service by the intro- 
duction, and passage, during the Forty-ninth Con- 
gress of a bill providing for the arbitration of difler- 
ences' between employers and employees, which gave 
him a National reputation. 

Ordway, Nehemiali G-.; was born at Warner, 
Merrimac County, New Hampshire. November 10, 
1828- received a common school education; was en- 
gaged in mercantile pursuits until 1855; removed to 
Concord, New Hampshire, and was appointed Sheriit 
of Merrimac County in 18.'.(i; in 1861 was appointed 
General Agent of the Post Office Department for the 
New England States, with headquarters at Boston, 
Massachusetts; in 1863 was elected Sergeant-at-Arms 
of the United States House of Representatives, and 
served by re-election, during the Thirty-eighth 
Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty-second, and 
Forty-third Congresses; in 1875 was elected a Repre- 
sentative in the New Hampshire Legislature, and was 
re-elected in 1876 and 1877; during the same period 
was elected a member of the State Constitution.al 
Convention, and also served as a member of the Tax 
Commission to revise the tax system of the State; in 
'1879 was elected a State Senator; in 1880 was ap- 
pointed Governor of Dakota Territory for the term 
of four years. 

O'Reilly, Daniel; was bom at Limerick, Ire- 
land Junes, 1838; received an academic education ; 
emigrated, with his parents, to the United States m 
1856; settled in Brooklyn, New York; was City 
Weigher; was a member of the Board of Aldermen 
in 1873 1874, and 1875; acted as Supervisor of Kings 
County in 1874 and 1875; during 1875 was President 
pro iaii. of the Board of Aldermen, and, for hve 
months, a member of the Board of Health; also act- 
ing Mayor on several occasions; was again elected 
Alderman for the years 1878 and 1879; was elected a 
Representative from New York to the Forty-sixth 
Congress. 

Ormsby, Stephen; was educated for the bar; 
was a Judge of the Circuit Court of Kentucky; a 
Brigade-Major under Harmer in his campaign of 
179U; a Representative in Congress from 1811 to 1817; 
was defeated in 1813, but his successful competitor, 
John Simpson, having been killed at the battle of 
River Raisin, he was re-elected before the opening of 
Congress. Lived to an advanced age, and died at 
Louisville, Kentucky, in 1846. 

Orr Alexander D.; was a native of Virginia; 
removed to Kentucky; in 1784 settled in Mason 
County; was a member of the State Legislature in 
1792- upon the admission of Kentucky into the 
Union, was elected a Representative in Congress from 



that State from 1792 to 1797. Died in Paris, Ken- 
tucky, June 21, 1835, aged seventy years. 

Orr Benjamin; was bom in Bedford, New 
Hampshire. December 1, 1772; gradviated at Dart- 
mouth College in 1798; in his youth worked at a 
trade and taught school; studied law, and began to 
practice at Topsham, Maine, in 1801; afterwards re- 
moved to Brunswick, where he was eminent in clian- 
cery practice; was a Representative in Congress irom 
Massachusetts from 1817 to 1819; was the author of 
an oration on the death of Washington, m 1800. 
Died in Brunswick, September 1, 1828. 

Orr Jackson; was born in Fayette County, 
Ohio, September 21, 1832; received a good ednca,tion 
and attended an irregular course at the University ot 
Indiana; studied law, but devoted himself to mer- 
cantile pursuits; served in the army as Captain m 
the Tenth Iowa Infantry; was a member of the Leg- 
islature of Iowa in 1868; was elected to the Forty- 
second and Forty-third Congresses, serving on the 
Committee on Public Lands. 

Orr James L.; was bom at Crayton^-ille, South 
Caroliila, May 12, 1822; received his education 
chiefly in the University of Virginia; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1843; in 1844 was 
elected to the State Legislature; was re-elected in 
1845- in 1848 was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress from South Carolina, to which position he was 
subsequently re-elected; during the Thirty-second 
Congress was frequently Chairman of the Committee 
of the Whole on the State of the Union, and during 
the next Congress was Chairman of the Committee on 
Indian Affairs; on the assembling of the Thirty-htth 
Congress, was elected Speaker; in December, 1860 
was appointed one of the Commissioners tojisit 
Washington in behalf of South Carolina; in I860 was 
elected Governor of South Carolina; was subsequently 
appointed Minister to Russia. Died at St. Peters- 
burg, Russia, May 5, 1873. 

Orr Robert ; was born in Westmoreland County, 
Pennsylvania; w.is a Representative in Congress from 
Pennsylvania from 1825 to 1829. 

Orth Godlove S.; was born near Lebanon, 
Pennsylvania, April 22, 1817; was educated chiefly 
at the Pennsylvania College, Gettysburg; studied 
law and came to the bar in 1839, locating in Indiana; 
in 1843 and 1846 was elected to the State Senate, 
serving six years in all, one year as President ot that 
body was a Presidential Elector in 1848; was a. 
member of the "Peace Congress" of 1861; in 1862 
was elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Foreign Aftairs; in 1862, when a call was made for 
men to defend Indiana from threatened incursions, 
he organized a company in two hours was elected 
Captain and placed in command of the United States 
ram Bomer, cruising the Ohio River, and doing much 
to restore quiet along the borders of Kentucky, Indi- 
ana, and Hlinois; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Conoress, serving on the Committees on the Death of 
President Lincoln, Freedmen, and Foreign Affairs; 
re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving as Chairman 
of the Committee on Private Land Claims; was also 
elected to the Forty-fixst and Forty-third Congresses, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on foreign 
Affairs; in March, 1875, was appointed Minister to 
Austria, having previously declined the Mission to 
Brazil; returned to the United States in 1877; was 
again elected to Congress as a Representative from 
iSdiana to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Con- 
gresses. Died December 16, 1882. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



373 



Orton, Williatn; was born in New York: was 
appointed I'rom that State, in 1865, Commissioner of 
Internal Revenue in the United States Treasury, but 
only held the office one year; afterwards became 
President of the Western Union Telegraph Company. 
Died April 22, 1878. 

Osborn, Thomas A.; was born at Mcadville, 
Pennsylvania, October 2(), 183(>; received an academic 
education, and was, for a time, astudentat Allegheny 
College; learned the printing business, but aban- 
doned it for the law; was admitted to the bar at 
Pontiac, Michigan, in 1857; soon afterward.s removed 
to Kansas; was elected County Attorney of Doniphan 
County in 1858; was elected State Senator in 1859; 
in 1802 became President of the Senate; the same 
year was elected Lieutenant-Governor of the State; 
was United States Marshal from 1864 to 186(1; was 
elected Governor of Kansa.s in 1872 and re-elected in 
1874; was United States Minister to Chili from 1877 
to 1881, during which time he conducted important 
negotiations between various South American Pow- 
ers; in 1881 was promoted to the post of United 
States Minister to Brazil. 

Osborn, Thomas O.; was born in Ohio; re- 
moved to Illinois; in 1874 was appointed Minister 
Resident to the Argentine Confederation, residing at 
Buenos Ayres. 

Osborn, T. "W.; was born in Weslfield, Essex 
County, New Jersey, March fl, 1836; when a boy, 
went with his father to Jefferson County, New York, 
where he worked on a farm, and acquired a common 
school education; graduated at the Madison Univers- 
ity in 1860; entered upon the study of law, but in 
18(il was mustered into the military service as a 
Lieutenant of Artillery; as Captain, took part in the 
battles of Williamsburg and Fair Oaks, and as Chief 
of Artillery, was engaged in nearly all the subse- 
quent battles of the Peninsula, and also in the Army 
of Tennessee, serving until the close of the war; was 
three times wounded in battle, and had an arm and 
shoulder broken by a railway accident; after the war 
went to Florida for his health; practiced law at Tal- 
laha.ssee; was made a Register of Bankruptcy in 1867; 
was a member of the State Convention which adopted 
the new Constitution, which he drafted; was elected 
to the State Senate; waselected a Senatorin Congress 
fi-om Florida, for the term ending in 187,'?. serring 
on the Committees on Patents and Public Lands. 

Osborne, Ed'win S., was bom at Bethany, 
Wayne County, Pennsylvania, August 7, 183U; grad- 
uated from the University of Northern Penn.sylva- 
nia, and from the National Law School at Pough- 
keepsie, New York; received the degree of LL.B. in 
the class of 18UU; read law at Wilkesbarre, Pennsyl- 
vania, and was admitted to the bar there in Febru- 
ary, 1861 ; in April of that year enlisted in the Union 
Army ; in 1862 was commissioned Captain of Com- 
pany F, One Hundred and Forty-ninth Regiment of 
Pennsylvania Volunteers; in 1863 was promoted to 
Major and appointed Assistant Inspector-General, 
after the close of the war, was detailed as a .fudge 
Advocate in the Bureau of Military Justice, at Wash- 
ington; while in this position performed some very 
important legal duties, among which was an investi- 
gation of the cruelties inflicted upon Union prisoners 
by the Confederate troops in charge of Andersonville 
and other Confederate prisons; the result of this in- 
vestigation was the trial and execution of Captain 
Wirz, the Confederate commandant at Anderson- 
ville; lelt the army in 186(> and resumed the practice 
of law at Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania; in 1870 was 



appointed Major-General in the National Guard of 
Pennsylvania; as such, commanded the troops sent 
to Scranton, Pennsylvania, in 1871, to suppress the 
mining riots; again, in 1874, at Hazleton, during the 
mining troubles; at Susquehanna during the railway 
strike in 1875, and at Wilke.>4barre during the riots 
of 1877; in 1878 resigned from the National Guard; 
in 1883 was Commander of the Department of I'enn- 
.sylvania Grand Army of the Republic; in the same 
year was elected a member of the School Board of 
the Third District of Wilkesbarre, of which he was 
chosen President in 1885; in 1884 was elected a Rep- 
resentative-at-large from Pennsylvania to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Osborne, Thomas B.; was born in Fairfield 
County, Connecticut, in 1797; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1817; studied law, and was, for several years, 
Judge of Fairtield Countj'; was a Representative in 
Congress from 1839 to 1843; in 1848 settled in New 
Ha\en, and became a Professor in the Ijaw Depart- 
ment of Yale College; in 1856 received from the 
Wesleyan University the degree of Doctor of Laws, 
Died in New Haven, September 2, 1869. 

Osgood, Gayton P.; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1815; served in the Massachusetts Leg- 
islature in 1829 and 1831; was a Representative in 
Congress from Ma.ssachusetts from 1832 to 1835. 
Died June 26, 1861, aged sixty -four years. 

Osgood, Samuel; was born at Andover, Massa- 
chusetts; graduated at Harvard University in 1770; 
studied theology, but losing his health became a 
merchant; was a Delegate to the Essex Convention in 
1774; a member of the Provincial Congress, and on 
many important committees; in 1775 and 1776 was 
Aid to General Ward, and member of the Board of 
War; Captain at Lexington and Cambridge in 1775; 
left the army in 1776, with the rank of Colonel and 
Assistant Commissary; was a member of the House 
until 1780, and then State Senator; was Delegate to 
the Continental Congress from 1780 to 1784; First 
Commissioner of the United States Treasury from 
1785 to 1789; United States Postmaster-General from 
1789 to 1791 ; alterwards member of the New York 
Legislature and Speaker of the House; Supervisor of 
New York from 1801 to 1803, and from that time un- 
til his death was Naval Officer of that port; he pub- 
lished a work on Chronology; "Remarks on Daniel 
and Revelation "; " Letters on Episcopacy"; "The- 
ology and Metaphysics," and other subjects. Died 
in New York, August 12, 1813, 

Osmer, J, H.; was born January 22, 1833; passed 
his boyhood on his father's farm in Centre County, 
Pennsylvania; was educated in the common schools, 
and at Pine Grove Academy, Mount Pleasant Col- 
lege, and Dickinson Seminar}', I'ennsylvania; taught 
school; studied law at Elmira, New York, and was 
admitted to practice there in 1859; was a Delegate to 
the Republican State Convention of New York in 
1861 ; removed to Franklin, Pennsylvania, in 1865; was 
a member of the Republican State Committee; a Dele- 
gate to the Republican National Convention of 1876; 
was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to 
Forty-sixth Congress, 

O'SuUlvan, John L.; was a citizen of New York 
City; a man of liberal education; associated for some 
years with the magazine literature of the country, 
and also with politics; in 1854 was appointeil Charge 
d\4ffaircs te Portugal; in a few months was promoted 
to the rank of iSIinister Resident; returned to the 
United States in 1858, 



S74 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNAI.S. 



Oswald, John Holt ; was born in Pennsylvania; 
T\as elected Clerk of the House of Representatives in 
ISiiO, remaining in office only one year. 

Otero, Mariano S.; -was born at Peralta, New 
Mexico, August -29, 1844; was educated at the Uni- 
versity of St. Louis, Missouri; engaged in commer- 
cial pursuits and stock-raising; was Proliate Judge 
from 1871 to 1879; was nominated a Delegate to the 
Forty-fourth Congress, but declined; was elected a 
Delegate from New Mexico to the Forty-sLxth Con- 
gress. 

Otero, Miguel A.; was bcirn at Valencia, New 
Mexico, June 21, 183:); was educated at the St. Louis 
University, in ]\lissouri; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to practice in Missouri in 1852; returning to 
New Mexico, was elected to the Territorial Legisla- 
ture; was appointed, by President Pierce, United 
States District Attorney for the Territory, but de- 
clined to serve; for a time held the office of Attorney- 
General for the Territory; in IS.'i.j was elected a Dele- 
gate to Congress from New Mexico. Died May 31, 
1882. 

Otis, Harrison Gray ; was born in Boston, 
Massachusetts, October 8, ITe.'i; graduated at Har- 
vard Uni\ ersity in 1783, and soon became a success- 
ful practitioner at the bar; was for many years an 
active and leading member of the State Legislature, 
serving as Speaker and President of the Senate; was 
chosen a Eepreseutative in Congress from the Sullblk 
District in 1797, and served through President 
Adams's administration; in 1817 was chosen a Sena- 
tor in Congress, where he remained for live years; 
was also Judge of the Court of Common Plea.s, and 
Mayor of Boston, for whose prosperity he ac- 
complished much good, displaying, in all his public 
stations, great ability and the utmost lidelity to the 
public interests; was apointed, by President Adams, 
United States District Attorney for Massachusetts; 
was a Delegate to the " llarttbrd Convention" in 
1811; was distingushed for his scholarly acquire- 
ment j, and for his eloquence as an orator. Died ut 
Bosto 1. October 28, 1848. 

Otis, Jolin ; was born in Maine, ii '801; gradu- 
ated at fiowdoin College in 1823; adopted the profes- 
sion of the law; served five years in the Maine Legis- 
lature; was a Commissioner for settling the North 
eastern 
from 
1850, 

VOtis, Samuel AUyne ; was born in Bo.ston, 
Mivssachusetts; graduated at Harvard College in 
1759; in 177(i was a Representative in the Assembly, 
and subsequently a member of the Convention which 
iramed the Constitution of Massachusetts: from 1737 
to 178S was a Deh-gate to the Continental Congress, 
and upon the adoption of the Constitution was ap- 
pointed Secretary of the Senate, holding that office 
lor more than thirty years. Died at Washington, 
April 22, 1814, aged seventy-three years. 

Otterbourg, Marius ; w.is a citizen of Wiscon- 
sin; while holding the position of Consul in Mexico, 
he was, in 18l.)6, made Acting Charge d'Affaires, and 
in the following year received the appointment of 
Minister Plenipotentiary, but shortly afterwards re- 
turned to the United States. 

Otto, "William T.; was bom in Philadejphia, 
January 19, 1817; graduated at the I'uiversity of 
Pennsylvania, studied law and removed to 1 iidiana, 
where he followed his professi(m until 181 1. when he 



rn Boundary; was a Representative in O ngress 
Maine, from 1849 to 1851. Died Octobe- 17, 



was elected a District Judge for six years ;_became 
a Professor of Law in the University of Indiana; in 
18ti3 was appointed Assistant Secretary of the Interior 
Department, and remained in that position until 
1871, when he was appointed Arbitrator on the part 
of the United States, on the Commission for the 
Settlement of Claims of American Citizens against 
Spain; in 1875 was appointed Reporter of Decisions 
of the Supreme Court. 

Oury, Granville H.; was born in Abingdon, 
Virginia, Marcli 12, 1825; removed to Missouri in 
1836: studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1848, 
and removed to Texas; in 1849 went to California 
and engaged in mining; in 1856 settled in Arizona; 
was elected a Representative in the Territorial Legis- 
lature in 1866, 1873, and 1875, serving as Speaker 
the first two terms; was elected a Delegate from 
.\rizona to the Forty-seventh Congress. 

Outh-wraite, Joseph H.; was born at Cleveland, 
Ohio. December 5, 1841; was educated in the public 
schools of Zanesville, Ohio; taught two years in the 
High School of that city, and was principal of a 
grammar school in Columbus, Ohio, three years;- 
read law while teaching; was admitted to the bar in 
1866; practiced law at Osceola, Jlissouri, from 1867 
to 1871; was elected Prosecuting Attorney of Frank- 
lin County, Ohio, in 1874, and again in 1876; was 
one of the Trustees of the County Children's Home 
from March, 1879, until July, 1883; was one of the 
Trustees of the sinking fund of the city of Colum- 
bus, Ohio, in 1883, and'in 1884 was re-appointed tor 
a term of five years; was elected a Representative 
from Ohio to the Forty -ninth Congress 

Outlaw, David; <vas born in Bertie County, 
North Carolina; graduated at the University of that 
State in 1824; read law at Newbem, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1827; served three years in the 
House of Commons; was elected Solicitor of Eden- 
ton District in 1836; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1847 to 1853. 

Outlaw, George C; was born in Bertie County, 
North Carolina; was a member of the House of 
Commons in 1796; in the State Senate a number 
of years thereafter; was a Representative in Con- 
gress during the years 1824 and 1825. Died August 
15, 1836. 

Overstreet, James ; was a native of Barnwell 
District, South Carolina; was a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1819 to 1822 Died in 

1822. 

Overton, Edward, Jr.; was bom at Towanda, 
Pennsylvania, February 4, 183(1, graduated at Prince- 
ton College, New Jersey, in 18.56; studied law, and 
was admitted to practice in 1858; served in the 
Union Army from 1861 to 1864, rising to the rank of 
Lieutenant-Colonel; was a Register in Bankrupcy 
from 1867 to 1876; was elected a Representative 
from Pennsylvania to the Forty-fifth and Forty- 
sixth Congresses. 

Overton, Walter H.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Louisiana, from 1829 to 1831. 

O'wen, Allen P.; was bom in North Carolina; 
having removed to Georgia, was elected a Repro- 
■icntative in Congress from 1849 to 1851. was subse- 
quently appointed Consul at Havana. 



BIOORAPHICAL ANNALS. 



375 



O'wen, George 'W.; was born in Brunswick 
County, Virginia, in 1798; was Spealcer of the House 
of Kepreseutatives in Alabama; Mayor of Mobile; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1823 to 1829, when he was appointed Collector 
of the Port of Mobile. Died August 18, 1839, at Mo- 
bile, Alabama. 

Owen, James; was born in Bladen County, 
North Carolina, in December, 1784; was well edu- 
cated; adopted the occupation of a planter; was a 
General of Militia; was four jears a member of the 
Legislature; was a Representative in Congress fn'm 
North Carolina, from 1817 to 18f9. 

Owen, Robert Dale ; was born in Glasgow , 
Scotland, November 7, 1801; his grandfather, David 
Dale, was an eminent cotton manufacturer on the 
Clyde, and his father, Robert Owen, was the cele- 
brated philanthropist; was educated by a privatr 
tutor until the age of sixteen, when he entered the 
private coUegeof Hofwyl, near Berne, in Switzerland, 
remaining there three years; in 182(), his father having 
purchased the estate of New Harmony, in Indiana, 
he emigrated to this country; in 1835 was chosen to 
the Indiana Legislature, and twice re-elected; in 
1843 was elected a Representative in Congress from 
Indiana, and re-elected in 1845; introduced the bill 
organizing the Smithsonian Institution, and was one 
of its first Regents; also submitted 1;he resolution 
which brought about the settlement of the Oregon 
BooBdary; in 184IJ was elected to the " Constitutional 
Convention" of Indiana, and made its Chairman; in 
1853 was appointed, by President Pierce, Minister to 
Naples, remaining there five years; in ISfJOpulilished 
" Footfalls on the Boundary of Another World," and 
in 1864 "The Wrong of Slavery and the Right of 
Emancipation"; after a succession of etibrts, extend- 
ing through titteen years, he procured the passage, 
in Indiana, of laws securing to women independent 
rights of property; during the Rebellion served on 
two important Government Commissions; subse- 
quently devoted much attention to Spiritualism, and 
in 1875 became temporarily insane; notwithstanding 
his many peculiar opinions, he was reputed to be a 
pure-hearted man, and, as a writer of English, had 
few equals, [b it-^ jh-t,.,^ Z-^, /S- ?y ■ 

Owen, William D.; was born at Bloomingtou, 
Indiana, September 6, 1846; was educated at the In- 
diana State University; entere<l the ministry of the 
Christian Church; removed to Logansport, Indiana, 
in 1881; was engaged in literary pursuits, being the 
autlior, among other writings, of ".'success in Life" 
and ■' The Genius of Industry "; in 1884 was elected 
a Representative from Indiana to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Owens, George W.; was a prominent member 
of the Georgia bar; was a Representative in Congi-ess 
from that State, from 1835 to 1839. Died at Savan- 
nah, in 1856. 

Owsley, Bryan Y.; was born in Kentucky; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State. 
from 1841 to 1843. 

Ow^eley, "William; was born in Virginia in 
1782; with his lather settled in Lincoln County, 
Kentucky, in 1783; taught school and studied law; 
represented Garrard County for several years in the 
Legislature ; was .Judge of the Supreme Court of the 
State from 1812 to 1828; removed to Boyle County in 
1843; was Go\eruor of Kentucky from 1844 to 1848. 
Died in Danville, Kentucky, in December, 1862. 



Paca, "William ; was born at Wye Hall, Har- 
ford County, Maryland, October 31, 1740; graduated 
at Philadelphia College in 1758; was admitted a 
student at the Middle Temple, London, in 1762; 
practiced law at Annapolis, Maryland; was a nn m- 
ber of the Maryland Legislature in 1771, and (ip- 
posed the Royal Government; was a member ol the 
Committee of Correspondence in 1774, and a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress from 1774 to 1779; \\a,% 
a signer of the Declaration of Independence; State 
Senator from 1777 to 1779; Chief Justice of the State 
from 1778 to 1780; Chief Judge of the Court of Ap- 
peals and Admiralty from 1780 to 1782; was elected 
Governor in 1782 and 1786; was a member of the 
Convention which ratified the Constitntion in 17S8; 
was United ^lates District Judge from 1789 until his 
death, which occurred in 1799. 

Pacheco, Romualdo; was Ijorn at Santa Bar- 
bara, California, October 31, 1K31; was educated by 
private tutors; engaged in nautical pursuits, and .sub- 
sequently in agriculture; was a Representative in the 
.State Legislature in 1853; in 1855 was elected Coun- 
ty .Judge, and served four years; was a State Senator 
in 1851, and again in 1861; was elected State Treas- 
arer in 1863; was again in the State Legislature in 
181)8; was elected Lieutenant-Governor in 1871, and 
became Governor by the election of Governor Booth 
to the United States Senate; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from California to the Forty-fifth Congress, 
but his seat was successfully contested by P. 1). 
Wigginton; was re-elected to the Forty-sixth and 
I'orty-seventh Congresses. 

Packard, Jasper ; was born in Mahoning (for- 
merly Trumbull) t'ouuty, Ohio, in February, 1832; 
went, with his lather, to Indiana in 1835; worked 
ou his farm until 1850; was a student at Ober- 
lin College, butgraduated at the University of Michi- 
gan in 1S55; taught school one year, and removing to 
Laporte, Indiana, edited the Union newspaper; 
studied law and came to the bar in 1861; on the 
breaking out of the Rebellion, entered the volunteer 
army as a private; served as a Lieutenant in the 
Vicksburg campaign, and during the assault on that 
place was .nunded in the face; was commissioned a 
Captain, and served in the campaign txom Memphis 
to Chattanoo.ga ; received two promotions during the 
.Vtlanta Campaign; in 1865 was appointed a iirig- 
adier-Gener.al by brevet, lor meritorious services; on 
being mustered out of service, in 1866, was chosen 
Auditor of Laporte County, Indiana, hohiing the 
office until 1868, when he was elected a Ri'jjre.senta- 
tive from Indiana tci tlie Forty-first Congress, suc- 
ceeding Schuyler Colfax, and serving on the Commit- 
tees on Military .Vfl'airs and Mileage; was re-elected 
to the Forty-second au<l Forty-third ('oiigrcsses, 
.seiwing ,as Chairman of the Committee (m Private 
Land Claims. 

Packer, Asa ; was born in Groton, Connecticut, 
December 29, 1805; never had a whole year's school- 
ing in his life; in 1822 removed to Su.squehanna 
County, Pennsylvania, and learned the trade of a 
carpenter; in 1833 settled in Mauch Chunk; built a 
canal-boat, .and acted as her Capt.ain between that 
place and Philadelphia; designed and built the 
"Lehigh Valley Railroad," .is well as the liiiilroad 
leading from .\laueh Chunk to Erie; gave five hundred 
thousand dollars and land to found the Lehigh Uni- 
versity; was elected to the State Legislature; served 
as Judge of a County Court; was a Representative in 
Congress from Pennsylvania trom 1853 to 1857; in 
1875 wils appointed a Commissioner to the Centeunial 
Exhibition. 



376 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Packer, John B.; was bom in Sunburj', Penn- 
sylvania, March 21, 1824; received an academic edu- 
<atlon; studied law and c;ime tx) the bar in 1845; was 
a District Attorney iVom 1842 to 1847; was a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature in 1850 and 1851; was i 
elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
Forty-first Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Banking and Currency, and the Interior Department; 
was re-elected to the three succeeding Congresses, 
serving on several important Committees, and as 
Chairman of the Committee on Post Offices and Post 
Uoads. 

Packer, "William F.; was born in Centre Coun- 
ty, Pennsylvania, in 1807; became a printer; studied 
law, but never practiced; publislied the Li/coming Ga- \ 
zette from 1827 to 1836, was Canal Commissioner 
from 1839 to 1842; State Auditor from 1842 to 1845; 
State Senator from 1845 to 1848; then President of 
the Susquehanna Railroad Company until its con- 
solidation with the Nortliern Central Railroad Com- 
pany, of which he was Director until 18'i8; was Gov- 
ernor of Pennsylvania from 1858 to 1861. Died at 
Williamsport, Pennsylvania, September 27, 1870. 

Paddock, Algernon S.; was born at Glenn's 
■Falls, New York, November 5, 1830; was educated, 
studied law, and admitted to the bar there; settled 
in Nebraska in 1857; was a Delegate to the National 
Republican Convention in 1860; was appointed Sec- 
retary of Nebraska Territory in 1861, which office he 
held until the admission of the State in 1867; was a 
Delegate to the Baltimore Convention in 18G4; was a 
candidate tor Congress in 1868; was appointed Gov- 
ernor of Wyoming Territory in 1808, and declined 
the office; engaged in the manufacture of hydraulic 
cement at Beatrice, Nebraska; was elected a Senator 
in Congress from Nebraska for the term commencing 
in 1875' and ending in 1881. 

Padelford, Setti ; was elected Governor of Rhode 
Island in 1869, and remained in office until 1875. 
Died at Providence, Rhode Island, August 26, 1878 

Page, Horace Francis ; was born in Orleans 
County, New York, October 20, 1833; received a good 
education; emigrated to California in 1854; was a 
stage-proprietor and mail-contractor; was elected to 
the Forty-third Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Post Offices and Post Roads; was re-elected to the 
Forty-fourth Congress; was, also, re-elected to the 
Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- 
gresses. 

Page, John ; was born at Rosewell, Gloucester 
County, Virginia, April 17, 1743; graduated at Wil- 
liam and Mary College in 1763, which he represented 
in the House of Burgesses; was a member of the Col- 
onial Council; displayed an ardent attachment to the 
Colonies during the Revolution; in 1776 was one of 
the most conspicuous members of the Convention 
which formed the Constitution of Virginia, and was 
appointed one of the first Councilors; was a member 
of the Committee of Safety; a Lieutenant-Governor 
of the State; commanded a militia regiment during 
the British invasion; was one of the first Representa- 
tives to Congress from Virginia, serving from 1789 to 
1797; was Presidential Elector in 1800; Governor of 
the State from 1802 to 1805; published addresses to 
the people in 1796 to 1799; was Commissioner of 
i Loans for Virginia from 1806 until his death, which 
occurred at Richmond, October 11, 1808. 

Page, John ; was born in Haverliill, New Hamp- 
shire, May 21, 1787; received an academic education; 
was chiefly devoted to agricultural pursuits; in 1815 
was appointed an Assessor of Taxes; was a Register 



of Deeds from 1828 to 1834 for Grafton County ; served 
in the New Hampshire Legislature in 1818, 1819, 
1820, and 1835; in 1836 was chosen a member of the 
Executive Council, and again in 1838; during the in- 
tervening year, 1837, served as a Senator in Congress 
for the unexpired term of Isaac Hill, resigned ; was 
Governor of New Hampshire from 1839 to 1842; was 
a member of the Masonic fraternity, and a leading 
member of the Methodist Church. Died at Concord, 
September 8, 1865. 

Page, JohnB.; was born in Rutland, Vermont, 
in 1826; was Governor of that State trom 1867 to 
1869. Died October 24, 1885. 

Page, Mann ; was a Delegate from Virginia to 
the Continental Congress in 1777. 

Page, Robert; was a Representative in Congress 

from Virginia from 1799 to 1801. 

Page, Sherman ; was born in Connecticut ; 
served in tlie Assembly of New Y'ork, from Otsego 
Count}', in 1827; was a Representative in Congress 
from that State from 1833 to 1837; was also Judge of 
the Common Pleas in Otsego County. Died in 
Unadilla. 

Paige, David R.; was bom at Madison, Ohio, 
April 8, 1844: graduated from Union College, New 
York, in 1865; engaged in the hardware business at 
Akron, Ohio; was elected Treasurer of Summit 
County in 1874, and re-elected in 1876; was the unsuc- 
cessful candidate for Secretary of State in 1878; be- 
came largely engaged in railroad construction; was 
elected a Representative from Ohio to the Forty-eighth 
Congress. 

Paine, Byron ; was a citizen of Wisconsin; edu- 
cated for the legal profession; was for several years 
the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Wisconsin 
when it was a Territory; acquired considerable fame 
on account of a judicial decision which conflicted 
with the Government of the United States. Died at 
Milwaukee, January 17, 1871. 

Paine, Charles ; was born at Williamstown, 
Vermont, April 15. 1799; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1820; engaged in manufacturing, in which 
he was very successful; rendered the State great ser- 
vice in the construction of its railroads; his last 
project was the exploration of a Southern route lor a 
great Pacific Railroad; was a liberal patron of the 
University of Vermont and the Northfield Academy; 
was Governor of the State from 1841 to 1843. Died 
at Waco, Texas, July 6, 1853. 

Paine, Elijah ; was born in Brooklyn, Connecti- 
cut, January 21, 1757; graduated at Harvard College 
in 1781; was the iirst President of the Phi-Beta^ 
Kappa Society of Harvard, and pronounced the first 
oration before the same; was a lawyer by profession, 
and having settled in Vermont, was one of the most 
useful pioneers of the new State, following the prac- 
tice of his profession, and the employments of farmer, 
road-maker and cloth manufacturer; in 1786 was a 
member of the Convention called to revise the State 
Constitution, and was Secretary; in 1787 was elected 
to the State Legislature, and so continued until 1791, 
when he was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court; 
was one of the Commissioners to settle the contro- 
versy between Vermont and New Y'ork in 1789; was 
a Trustee of Dartmouth College; President of the 
Vermont Colonization Society; a pecuniary benefac- 
tor to the University of Vermont; received from Har- 
! vard College the degree of LL.D. ; was elected a Fel- 
i low of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



377 



and an ordinary member of several other literary in- 
stitutions; was a Senator in Congress from Vermont 
iVoni 1795 to 1601; in 1801 was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Adams, Judge of the District Court of Vermont, 
wliich oflice he held until within a month of his 
death, when he resigned. Died at Williamstown, 
Vermout, April 21, 1842. 

Paine, Ephraim ; was a Delegate from New York 
to the Continental Congress in 1784 and 1785. 

Paine, Halbert E.; was born inChnrdon, Geauga 
County, Ohio, February 4, 1826; graduated at the 
\Ve.steru Keserve College in 1845; studied law, and 
came to the bar in 1848, .settling in (leveland; re- 
moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in 1857; euteroil 
tlieariny in 18G1 as Colonel of the Fourth Wisconsin 
Regiment; was promoted to the rank of Brigadier- 
(Jeneral in March, 1863; lost a leg in the following 
.hine, while in command of the Third Division of the 
Nineteenth Corps, at the last assault on Port Hudson ; 
in March, 1865, was brevetted a Major-Geueral; re- 
signed his commission in May, 1865; was elected a 
Representative from Wisconsin to the Tbirty-nintli 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Elections, the 
Select Committee on the Freednien, and tliat on tlie 
Militia; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyal- 
ists' Convention" of 186(); was re-elected to the For- 
tieth Congress, serving on the Committee on Recon- 
struction, and Soldiers' and Sailors' Bounties, and as 
Chairman of the Committee on the Militia; re- 
elected to the Forty-first Congress, and made Chair- 
man of the Committee on Elections. 

Paine, Robert Treat; was born in Boston. 
Massachusetts, March 11, 17.'?1; graduated at Har- 
vard University ia 1749; taught school for a time to 
support his parents, for which object he also made a 
tour to Europe; studied theology, and in 1785 acted 
as Chaplain to the Northern Provincial troops; aftei'- 
Mards studied law; was admitted to the bar in 17.59. 
and settled at Taunton to practice; in 1770 conduct 
ed the prosecution of the men engaged in the Boston 
massacre; in 1773 was Representative in the Legis- 
lature; was a Delegate to the Provincial Congress 
from 1774 to 1775; Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress from 1774 to 1778, and a signer of the Dec- 
laration of Independence; in 1776 was one of the 
Deputies sent by Congress to visit the army ot 
Schuyler in the North; was Speaker of the House of 
Representatives of the State in 1777; was Attorney- 
General of M.assachusetts, and a member of the E.x- 
ecutive Council; in 1779 was a member of the Con- 
stitutional Convention; removed to Boston in 1780; 
was Judge of the Supreme Court of the State from 
1790 to 1804; was founder of the American A(-ademy 
of Massachusetts in 1780; received the degree of 
LL.D. from Harvard in 1605. Died in Boston, Mav 
11, 1814. 

Paine, Robert T.; was born in North Carolina; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1855 to 1857. 

Painter, Gamaliel ; was bom in New Haven, 
Connecticut, May 22, 1743; received a common 
school education; erected the first house in Middle- 
bury, Vermont, in 1773; served as Captain and Quar- 
termaster in the Revolutionary Army; was a Delegate 
to the Convention that declared tlie Independence of 
Vermont in 1777; was a State Representative; Judge 
of the County Court, and Councilor in 1813 and 
1814; a member of the first Constitutional Conven- 
tion of Vermont in 1793; was principal founder of 
Middlebury College, to which, at his death, he left 
a bequest of about ten thousand dollars. JDied at 
Middlebury, May 21, 1819. 



Palen, Joseph Q-.; was born in New York, from 
which State he was appointed Chief Justice ( f tba 
.Supreme Court for the Territory of New Me.\ico. 
Died at Santa Fe, New Mexico, December 21, 1875. 

Palen, Rufus; was born in New York; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1839 
to 1841. 

Palfrey, John G-.; was born in Boston May 2, 
1795; was prepared for college at E.xeter .\cademy, 
and graduated at Harvard in 1815; studied theology, 
and was ordained a Unitarian preacher in 1818; was 
subsequeutlj', for a number of years, editor of the 
Xorlh American Review; was Professor of Sacred 
Literature in Harvard College from 1830Jo 1838, and 
received from that institution the degrees of D. D. 
and LL.D. ; delivered a course of Lectures before the 
Lowell Institute; during the years 1842 and 1847 
was a member of the General Court; was elected 
Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts; 
was a member of Congress from 1847 to 1849; his 
published writings are numerous, chiefly of a 
theological and political character; his last work was 
a history of New England; in 1861 was appointed 
Postmaster of Boston ; in 1869 received from Har- 
vard University the degree of LL.D. 

Palmer, Beriah; was born in New York; served 
four years in the Assembly of New York from Sara- 
toga County ; was a Representative in Congress from 
1803 to 1805. 

Palmer, C S.; was born at Underbill, Chittenden 
t'ounty, Vermont, November 2, 1844; received a 
common school and academic education; in 1862, by 
an arrangement with his brother, who liad enlisted 
in the Union Army, young Palmer assumed the 
lirother's uniform and name, and went to the front 
in his stead, serving throughout the term of enlist- 
ment, and being mustered out under the brother's 
name; in 1870 removed to Jericho, in his native 
iiiunty; read law, and was admitted to prac- 
tice in 1874; in 1876 and 1877 was State's Attorney 
for Chittenden County, Vermont; in 1880 and ISSl 
was a Representative in the Vermont Legislature; in 
.\pril, 1882, was appointed, by President Arthur, 
.\ssistant United State's Attorney for the Territory 
of Dakota; in 1883 was appointed, by the Governor 
of Dakota, a member of the Territorial Board of Tax 
Commissioners; in February, 1884, was appointed an 
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Ter- 
ritory of Dakota, and resigned his other offices to as- 
sume his duties upon the Bei c'l; was Judge Advo- 
cate General for Dakota ibr the year 1885. 

Palmer, Francis "W., was bom in Manchester, 
Dearborn County, Indiana, October 11, 1827; in 1842 
was apprenticed to learn the trade of a printer; 
worked as a journeyman in New York City; was, for 
ten years, the publisher and editor of the Jamestown 
Journal, in Chautauqua County; was a member of 
the New York Assembly in 18.53 and 1854; removed 
to Iowa in 1858, and became editor and part owner 
of the Dubuque Timrit: in 1860 w.as elected Printer 
tor the State, holding the oifice eight years; in 1868 
was elected a Representative Ixom Iowa to the Forty- 
first Congress, serving on the Committees on Pacific 
Railroad, and the Library; was re-elected to the 
Forty-second Congress, serving on the Committee on 
-Vppropriations. 

Palmer, George "W. ; was born in Hoosick, 
Rensselaer County, New York, January 13, 1818; re- 
ceived a common school education ; adopted the pro- 
fession of the law; was Surrogate of t'linton County 
from 1843 to 1847; a Representative in the Thirty- 



378 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



fifth Congress from New York, serying as a member 
of the Committee on Expenditures in the Post Office 
Department; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving as a member of the Committee on Pub- 
lic Expenditures; was a delegate to the "Baltimore 
Convention " of 1864; in 1866 was appointed a Judge 
of the Mixed Court at Sierra Leone, under the Treaty 
with Great Britain for the more effectual suppression 
of the slave trade. 

Palmer, John ; was born in Hoosick, Rensselaer 
County, New York, in 1785; received a good educa- 
tion, and studied law; settled in Plattsburg, Clinton 
County, in 1810, and formed a law partnership with 
Chancellor Walworth, which continued until 1820; 
was elected a Representative to Congress in 1817, but 
before the expiration of his term was chosen District 
.Utorney for Clinton County, in which capacity he 
served until 1631; during that year was made the 
first Judge o! said county, and held the office until 
1836; was again elected to Congress in 1837, and 
served one term. Died of consumption, at St. Bar- 
tholomew, West Indies, December 8, 1840. 

Palmer, John M.; was Governor of Illinois from 
1869 to 1873. 

Palmer, Joseph ; was a member of the Provin- 
cial Congress in 1777; one of the Committee of Safety, 
appointed by that body; as a Revolutionary officer, 
served as Colonel of Militia in the field, in the ^■icin- 
ity of Boston, and in defense of the coast; in 1777 
was appointed Brigadier-General commanding the 
Massachusetts Militia in the defense of Rhode Island. 
Died at Roxbury, JIassachusetts, December 25, 1788. 

Palmer, Robert M.; was born in Jlount Holly, 
New Jersey, in 1820; removed to Pottsville, Pennsyl- 
vania, with his family, and was educated as a printer; 
subsequently became an editor and studied law; in 
1850 was elected District Attorney for Schuylkill 
County; subsequently to the State Senate, over which 
he presided ;is Speaker; in 1861 was appointed Min- 
ister to the Argentine Confederation, but was com- 
pelled to resign on account of his health. Died at 
sea, April 26, 1862. 

Palmer, Thomas "W.; was born at Detroit, Michi- 
gan, .January 25, 1830; received a common school and 
academic education, and attended the University at 
Ann Arbor, Michigan, for a year and a half, being 
prevented, by failing eyesight, from completing 
his course at the latter institution; after two years 
of foreign travel engaged in mercantile; ibusiness 
in Wisconsin in 1850; returned to Detroit, Slich- 
igan, in 1853, and settled there; in 1878 was elected 
a State Senator; wa.s elected a United States Senator 
from Michigan for the term of six years from March 
4, 1883. 

Palmier, 'William A.; was a member of the 
"Vermont Legislature for six years; Judge of the Su- 
preme Court in 1816; was a Senator in Congress from 
Vermont, from 1818 to 1825; Governor of Vermont 
from 1831 to 1835; a member of the '■ Constitutional 
Convention" of 1828 and 1830; Judge of Probate 
and of the County Court; two years a State Senator; 
for eight years Clerk of the Courts. Died at Dan- 
ville, Vermont, at an advanced age, in December, 
1860. 

Pardee, Don A.; was born at Wadsworth, Ohio, 
March 29, 1837; received an academic education; 
entered the United States Naval Academy in 1854 ; 
resigned in 1857; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1859; entered the Union Army in 1861 as 
Major; served until 1865, rising to the rank of Lieu- 



tenant-Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General; in 1865 
settled in New Orleans, Louisiana, in the practice of 
law; in 1867 was appointed Register in Bankruptcy; 
in 1868 was elected Judge of the Second Judicial 
District; was re-electeJ in 1872, and again in 1876; 
was a Delegate to the State Constitutional Conven- 
tion of 1879; in 1881 was appointed, . by President 
Garfield, United States Circuit Judge of the Fifth 
Judicial Circuit. 

Park, Benjamin ; was a native of New Jersey, 
and was born in 1777; was one of the early pioneers 
to the Western Territory, and settled in that portion 
which now forms the State of Indiana, in 1800; from 
1805 to 1808 was a Delegate in Congress from that 
Territory; was, soon after, appointed, by President 
Jefierson, Judge of the District Court, which office 
he held until his death, which occurred in Salem, 
Indiana, July 12, 1835. He was at one time Presi- 
dent of the State Historical Society. 

Parker, Abraham X.; was born at Granville, 
Vermont, November 14, 1831 ; removed to New York 
when a boy; received an academic education; studied 
law, and commenced practice in 1857; wasa member 
of the State House of Representatives in 1863 and 
1864, and a State Senator from 1868 to 1871 ; in 1880 
received the degree of A.M. from Middlebury Col- 
lege; was elected a Representative from New York 
to the Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth 
Congresses. 

Parker, Amasa J.; was bom in 1807, at Shar- 
on, Connecticut, and graduated at Union College, 
New York; was admitted to the bar in Delhi, New 
York, in October, 1828; in 1833 was elected a Repre- 
sentative in the State Legislature, and in 1835 was 
chosen a Regent of the University; from 1837 to 
1839 was a Representative in Congress; in 1844 was 
appointed a Circuit Judge and Vice-Chancellor of 
the Court of Equity; soon after the adoption of a 
New State Constitution, he became a Judge of the 
Supreme Court of New York; in 1859 was appointed 
United States Attorney for the District of New Y'ork; 
was a Delegate to the ' ' Chicago Convention ' ' of 
1864, and to the " State Constitutional Convention " 
of 1867. 
I 

Parker, Andre'w ; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1851 to 18.53. 

Parker, Eli S.; was of Indian extraction; served 
with General V. S. Grant as a Staif Officer, and be- 
came a General; in 1869 was appointed Commis- 
sioner of Indian Afiiairs, holding the position until 
December, 1871. 

Parker, Hosea W.; was born in Lempster, 
New Hampshire, M.ay 30, 1833; received a good edu- 
cation; entered Tuft's College in 1855, and left dur^ 
ing his sophomore year; studied law, and came to 
the bar in l-?5y; wasa member of the Legislature of 
New Hampshire in 1859; removed to Clermont in 
1860, and commenced the practice of law; was a mem- 
ber of the Democratic National Convention, in 1868; 
was elected to the Forty-second and Forty-third Con- 
gresses, serving on the Committee on Patents. 

Parker, Isaac ; was born at Boston. Massachu- 
setts, .June IT, 1768; graduated at Harvard College in 
1786 ; commenced the practice of the law at Castine, 
in the District of Maine; was elected to Congress, 
serving as a Representative from 1797 to 1799; waa 
appointed, by President Adams, JIarshal for the Dis- 
trict of Maine, which office he held until 1801; after- 
wards removed to Portland; in 1806 was chosen • 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



379 



Judge of the Supreme Court, and, in 1814, Chief 
Justice, which position he occupied for sixteen years; 
in 1820 was President of the "Massachusetts Con- 
vention" for the revision of the Constitution; for 
several years was Prol'essor of Law iu Harvard Uni- 
versity; he was a distinguished scholar and a friend 
of literature; for eleven years was a Trustee of Bow- 
doin College, and, for twenty years, an Overseer of 
Harvard. Died in Boston, May 26, 1830. 

Parker, Isaac C; was born in Belmont County, 
Ohio, Octoljcr 15, 1W3S; worked on a liu'm; received 
an academic education; taught school lor four years; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 18.59; re- 
moved to St. .Joseph, Slissouri; was elected City At- 
torney in l.S(j-3 and 1803; was in the military service 
ill Missouri, during the Rebellion, as Corporal; was a 
['residential Elector in 1864; was elected Circuit .at- 
torney in 18tl4; resigned in 18B7; iu 1868 was elected 
Circuit Judge for si-ii years, but resigned in 1870; was 
elected to the Forty-second and Forty-third Con- 
gresses, serving on the Committees on Navy Depart- 
ment, and Appropriations; in 1875 was appointed 
Chief Justice of Utah, in the place of J. B. McKean, 
removed; in Slarch of the same year was appointed, 
by President Grant, United States District Judge for 
the Western District of Arkansas. 

Parker, James ; was born in the Township of 
Bethlehem, Hunterdon County, New .lersey, March 
1, 1776; was a student iu Columbia College, New 
York, and graduated in 17!)3; eutered the counting- 
hou.se of a merchant in New York, and remained 
iliere until 1797, when he settled in Perth Amboy; 
was, for a few years, engaged in trade; was a mem- 
ber of the New- Jersey Legislature iu 18U6, 1807, 
1803, 1809, 1810, 1812, 1813, 1815, 1816, 1818, and 
1827 — in all, eleven years; was a Jacksou Elector in 
182-1; Collector of the Customs at Perth Amboy from 
1829 to 1833; was a Representative in Congress from 
1833 to 1837; also served as one of the Commissioners, 
on the part of New Jersey, to settle the boundary 
and jurisdiction between New York and New Jersey, 
at tlie different periods of 1807, 1827, and 1833, ob- 
taining an agreement during the year last named ; 
was a mi-mber of the "Constitutional Convention" 
of the State in 1814. 

Parker, James; was a native of Boston, Ma.ssa- 
chusetts; was a physician by profes.sion; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Massachu.settsfrom 1813 
to 1815. and from 1819 to 1821; was, for fifty years, 
a resident of Gardiner, Maine, where he died Novem- 
ber 9, 1837, aged sixty-nine years. 

Parker, Joel ; was born at Monmouth, New 
Jersey, November 24. 1816; as a boy, worked on a 
farm ; received a common school education at 
Trenton; graduated at Princeton College in 1839; 
studied law, and came to the bar in 1842; was elect- 
ed to the State Legislature in 1847; was, lor a time, 
Attorney for his county; in 1861 was elected Major- 
General of Volunteers; in 1862 wa.s elected Governor 
of New .Tersey for three years; was again elected Gov- 
ernor in 1871. 

Parker, John ; was a Delegate from South Caro- 
lina to the Continental Congress from 1786 to 1788. 

Parker, Jolin Mason ; was born in Granville, 
Washington County, New York, June 14, 1805; grad- 
uated at Middlebury College, Vermont, in 1828; was 
' a lawyer by profession; was a Representative in the 
Thirty-fifth Congress from New York, serving on the 
Committees ou Public Expenditures and Revolution- 
ary Pensions. 



Parker, Josiah ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1789 to 1801, and was one of 
those who voted for locating the Seat of Government 
on the Potomac. 

Parker, Nahum ; was bom in 1749; was a 
State Counselor of New Hampshire from 1805 to 1807; 
United States Senator from 1807 to 1810; Judge of 
the Court of Common Pleas from "--^i to 1825; Presi- 
dent of the State Senate in 1828. Died in 1839. 

Parker, Peter; was born in Massachusetts; wa-s 
liberally educated; adopted the profession of medi- 
cine; went to China as a Missionary; in 1845 was ap- 
pointed Secretary and Interpreter to the American 
Legation; from 1850 to 1853 officiated as Cluu-ye 
d'Affaircx ad inlcrim; also in 1854 and 1855; from 
1855 to 1857 was a Commissioner to take charge of 
the interests of the United States; practiced his \>vo- 
fession in China; returned to the United States with 
a fortune, and settled in the City of Washington, 
where he became one of the Regents of the Smithson- 
ian Institution. 

Parker, Richard ; was born in Virginia ; was a 
I\epresentati%'ein Congress from that State from 1849 
to 1851. 

Parker, Richard E.; was bom in 1777; in early 
life was a member of the Virginia Hou.se of Delegates ; 
was, for many years, a Judge of the (icneral and Cir- 
cuit Courts of Virginia; was also a Judge of the Su- 
preme Court of Appeals; for a brief period, in l.'^3(> 
and 1837, was a Senator in Congress. Died in Vir- 
ginia, in November, 1840. 

Parker, Samiiel W.; was born in Jefferson 
County, New York, September 9, 1805; graduated at 
the Miami University, in Ohio, in 1828; settled in 
Indiana; while studying law, taught school and 
edited a newspaper; was admitted to the bar in 1831 : 
was elected to the Legislature in 1836, where he 
served five years; was two years Attorney for the 
State; wasa Representative in Congress from Indiana 
from 1851 to 1855; in 1846 was President of the 
White Water Canal Company, the Charter for which 
he had passed by the Legislature; in 1845 was a Clay 
Elector, and in 1856 an Elector for Fremont. 

Parker, Severn E.; was born in Northampton 
County, Virginia; was an eminent lawyer; a promi- 
nent memljer of the Virginia Legislature; a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1819 to 1821. Died Octo- 
ber 21, 1836, in Northampton County, Virginia. 

Parker, Thomas ; was a citizen of South Care- 
Una; in 1812 was appointed Judge of the United 
States Court for the District of South Carolina. 

Parks, Gorham; wius born in the western part 
of .Massachusetts in 1793; graduated at Harvard Col- 
lege iu 1813; adopted the profession of the law, and 
commenced practice at Bangor; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Maine from 1833 to 1837; fronj 
1838 to 1841 was United States Marshal for th(^ Dis- 
trict of Maine; from 1843 to 1845 United States Attor- 
ney; from 1845 to 1849 was United ."^tiites Consul ai 
Rio Janeiro. 

Parks, Samuel C; was born in Vermont; re- 
moved to Illinois, from which State he was appointed 
a Justice of the United States Court for the Territory 
of Idaho; afterwards resided in New Mexico; in ,Tan- 
uary, 1882, was appointed, by President Arthur, an 
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Terri* 
tory of Wyoming. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



380 

Parmenter, William; was born in Massachn 
seS^^a State Senator in 1836-, -^s - R^mv 
ativl'in Congress from that State irom 183- tol84^^ 
Naval Officer at Boston from 184^ ^^f^^^oJ 
Cambridge, Massachusetts, February 27, 1866. 

Parris Albion K.; ^yas bom in Hebron, Oxford 

• ■ iei-7. m iftlfi was a member ot the state 
Si"utional'coniS'^ was appointed Judge of 

S^e Federal District Court in 1818, when he resigned 
in 1819 was a member of the "State Convention 
for fra™a Constitution; in 18-20 was appointed 
?udg:?f Probate for Cumberland County^ was five 
times elected Governor of Mame hm 18 tol«-^^ 
was a Senator in Congress m 18-2, an 1 18-8 was ap 
rli^nted Judt'e of the Supreme Court of the State m 
?8"8 hoS the office until 1830, when he became 
Md Comptroller in the Federal Treasury Depar- 
me^rjefl that office in 1850, and rrturned to Port- 
tend;' in 1852 was elected Mayor. Died m Portland, 
February 11, 1857. 

Parris Virgil D.; was born in Maine; adopted 
thfnrofes^ion of the law; was Assistant Secretary of 
Ihe S ate^enate in 1831; was a member ot the Maine 
T Pcfs atore from 1833 to 1839; a Representative in 
Con "rom Maine from 1838 to 1841; a State Sen- 
ator" in 1842 and 1843; United States Marshal for 
Ml ne from 1844 to 1848; United States Special ^I:«1 
Wnt from 1853 to 1856; subsequently held the office 
^Xaval Storekeeper at Kittery, Maine; when m the 
Stat; Senate he was President pw (rm and for a short 
iime acting Governor of the State. Died at Kittery, 
Maine, June 13, 1874. 

Parrisli Isaac ; was born in Ohio; was a Rep- 
res^nSve in Congress from that State from 1839 to 
1841, and again from 1845 to 184 1. 

Parrott, John F.; was, in 1811, a member of the 
New Hampshire Legislature; a Kepresentative in 
Congress from New Hampshire from 181 < to 1819 a 
Senator of the United States from 1819 to lb2., in 
1826 was appointed Postmaster at Portsmouth, New 
Hampshire Died in Greenland, New Hampshire, 
July 9, 1836, aged sixty-eight years. 

Parrott, Marcus J.; was bom at Hamburg, 
South Carolina, October 27, 1828; graduated at Dick- 
inson College, Pennsylvania, m 1849; a lawyer by 
profession, having studied at Cambridge; was a mem- 
ber of the Ohio Legislature in 1853 and 18a4; was 
elected a Delegate to the Thirty-fitth Congress from 
Kansas Terribiiy; re-elected to the Thirty -sixth Con- 
gress. 

Parson, Samuel H.; was an early emigrant to 
the west was appointed an Associate Justice ot the 
United States Court for the Territory northwest of 
the Ohio River. 

Parsons, Edward Young ; was born in Jef- 
ferson County, Kentucky, December 12, 1842; grad- 
uated at the University of Louisville in 18bl; stud- 
ied law, and came to the bar in 1865; m 1874 was 
elected a Representative from Kentucky to the ior- 
ty-tourth Congress. Died July 8, 1876. 

Parsons, Lewis E.; was appointed Provisional 
Governor ol Alabama in 1805; remained in office less 
than one year. 



Parsons Richard C; was bom in New Lon- 
i-arsout.," ,,,.4„uprl0 1826; received a liberal 

nf thit body in 1857 was elected to the Ohio Legis 
Hture re-efe'cted, and chosen Speaker of the House^ 
n \861 w^ tendered the mission to ChiU, winch e 
declined- was subsequently appointed Consul at luo 
Tanerro resi<ming in 1862; was appointed Collector 
of Snal Revenue at Cleveland for lour year.; in 
ISOOreceived the appointment oi Marshal ot the bu 
nreme court of th^ United States, and served six 
Tears was elected to the Forty-third Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Commerce. 

Parsons Samuel Holden ; was bom at Lyme 
Co!nSt May 14, IJ.a^; graduated at Harv.ird 
University in 1756; studied law at Lyme with his 
uncle! Mltthew Griiwold; was admitted to the bar in 
n59;' settled at Lyme; was elected a n^ember «f the 
Assembly in 1762, and successively for eigliteen 
f^tons;'in 1774 w^ appointed King's -Utorney and . 
removed to New London; was a member of the Com 
mittee of Correspondence; was Colonel of the Sixth 
Connecticut Regiment; was at the siege of Boston, 

and at Long Island; ^'^^ ^"S^^^'^.';;'^i'°X\^/ 1779 
eressin 1776, and Major-General m 1^80. J° 1"=* 
fuceeeded General Putnam; at the close of the war, 
rest r^ed the'practice of th^ law at Middletown; in 
1785 was appointed by Congress a Commissioner to 
.-at with llie Indians at Miami; was a nie>iiber of 
the Convention of Connecticut which ratihed the 
Federal Constitution of 1788; was appointed by 
Washington, first Judge of the Northwest Territory; 
in 1789 was State Commissioner for treating with the 
Indians on the Western Reserve of Connecticut; set- 
tled on the Ohio River in 1787, and published an 
essay on the antiquities of the Western States; on 
November 17, 1789, was drowned in the rapids of the 
Big Beaver R-iver, Ohio. 

y Partridge, George; graduated at Harvard Col- 
leee in 1762; was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gifss from Massachusetts from 1776 to 1778, and in 
1784, and a Representative in Congress f**^^*, 
adoption of the Constitution from 1789 to 1-91 
Died at Duxbury, Massachusetts, July 7, 1828, aged 
eighty-eight years. 

Partridge, James R.; was bom in Baltimore 
Maryland, in 1824; received a liberal education, and 
adopted tie profession of the law; in 181.2 was ap- 
pointed Minlter Resident of the United States to 
Honduras, remaining there one year; in 1863jvas 
transferred, with the same rank, to Salvador remain- 
in" tliere until 1866; in 1871 went to Brazil as Min- 
istM Plenipotentiary; in 1873 acted f one of the 
Arbitrators on the Claim of the Earl ol Dtindonald, 
at Rio Janeiro; resigned in 1877; in April, 1882, was 
appointed United States Minister to Peru, remam.ng 
in office about one year. Died at Alicante, Spain, 
February 24, 1884. 

Partridge, Samuel; was bora in New York; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1841 to 1843. Died April 2, 1883. 

Paterson, -William ; was bom at sea, of Irish 
parents, in 1745; graduated at Princeton m 1,03, 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1-69 
was a member of the Convention .which framed the 
first Constitution of New .Jersey, in 17/6; tr.im that 
time until the year 1786 was Attorney-General of ohe 
State- was a member of the Convention which framed 
the Federal Constitution, which instrument he signed ; 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



3?] 



was a Delegate to the Continental Congress in 1780 
and 1781; was one of the liist Senatois in Congress 
from 1789 to 1790, when he resigned; was Governor 
of New Jersey from 1791 to 1794, when he was ap- 
pointed, by the President, a Judge of the Supreme 
Court of the United States, which position he held 
until his death, in 1806; in 1798 and 1799 revised, 
by authority of the Legislature, the laws of New 
Jersey, a work highly esteemed, and the foundation 
of the jurisprudence of the State; received the degree 
of LL.D. from Harvard and Dartmouth Colleges. 

Patten, Jarvis; was born at Bowdoinham, Lin- 
coln County, Maine, in 1828; after receiving an ex- 
cellent private and common school education, he 
prepared for college, with the view of entering one 
of the professions, but, at the age of eighteen, having 
always had a predilection for a nautical life, he gave 
up the profession, and shipped for his first voyage; 
his promotion was rapid, and at the age of twenty- 
two he was given command of a large merchant 
vessel; he established his residence at Bath, Maine, 
sailing from that port in difl'erent vessels; in 1867 he 
superintended the construction of a large steamship 
for the Pacific Coast trade, and on its completion 
took it to its destination; on his return to Maine he 
forsook the sea as a profession, and engaged in com- 
mercial pursuits connected with shipping; resided in 
England for some years, as a member of a commer- 
cial house; in 1876 resumed his residence in Bath, 
Maine; was several times a member of the City Coun- 
cil of Bath ; compiled and published a work on the 
' ■ Seaports of the World, ' ' a valuable book of refer- 
ence; on the establishment, by Act of Congress, in 
1884, of the Bureau of Navigation, in the Department 
of the Treasury at Washington City, Mr. Jarvis was 
appointed the first Commissioner in charge of the 
Bureau. 

Patterson, David T.; was born in Greene Coun- 
ty, Tennessee, Fel>ruary 28, 1819; received an 
academic education; was engaged for a time as a 
paper-maker, and also as a miller; studied law, and 
came to the bar in 1841; was elected a Judge of the 
Circuit Court in 1854, and re-elected in 18G2; in 1865 
was elected a Senator in Congress from Tennessee for 
the term ending in 1S69, taking his seaton the last 
day of the first session of the Thirty -third Congress, 
and serving, during the subsequent session, on the 
Committees on Commerce, Revolutionary Claims, 
and the District of Columbia; was son-in-la.w of Presi- 
dent Andrew Johnson. 

Patterson, George Wasbington ; was born 
at Londonderry, New Hampshire, November 11, 
1799; received an academic education and taught 
school; in 1818 removed to Livingston County, New 
York; thence to Warsaw County, New York, in 1822, 
and thence, in 1825, to Leicester, New York, where 
he engat;ed in farming and the manufacture of agri- 
cnltuial implements; was Commissioner of High- 
ways, School Comniissiouer, Justice of the Peace, 
Brigade Paymaster, and Supervisor of Leicester; w;is 
a member of the State Assembly for eight years, from 
1832 to ISIO, the last two of which he was Speaker; 
removed to Westfield, New York, in 1841, and took 
charge of the Chautauqua Land Oifice, retaining that 
position until his death; was Basin Commissioner at 
Albany, Harbor Commissioner and (Quarantine Com- 
missioner at New York, under different Governors; 
was a member of the State Constitutional Convention 
of 1846; was elected Lienfamant-Govemor of the 
State in 1848; was a Delegate to the National Repub- 
lican Conventions of 1856 and 18G4; was, for several 



years. Supervisor of Westfield; was elected a Kepie- 
sentative from New York to the Forty-fifth Con- 
gress. 

Patterson, James W.; was born in Henniker, 
Merrimack County, New Hampshire, July 2, 1823; 
was educated at Dartmouth College, graduating in 
1848; from 1854 to 1859 was a Professor of Mathe- 
matics in Dartmouth College, alter which he was 
transferred to the Chair of Professor of Astronomy 
and Meteorology, in the same college; from 1858 to 
1861 was a School Commissioner from Grafton Coun- 
ty, and at the same time was Secretary of the B( ad 
of Education of the State; in 1862 served in tlie 
State Legislature; was elected a h'epresentative from 
New Hampshire to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Expenditures in the Treas- 
ury Department, and for the District of Columbia; 
in 1864 was appointed a Regent of the Smithsonian 
Institution, and w«s re-appointed in 1865; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Foreign Affairs, the Special Commit- 
tee on the Death of President Lincoln, on a Bureau 
of Education, and Free Schools in the District of 
Columbia; in June, 1866, was elected a Senator in 
Congress for the term commencing in 1867 and end- 
ing in 1873, serving on the Committees on Foreign 
Relations, District of Columbia, and Enrolled Bills; 
was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' 
Convention" of 1866. 

Patterson, John ; was for four years a mem- 
ber of the Assembly of New York; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from that State from 1803 to 
1805. 

Patterson, John ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Ohio from 1823 to 1825. 

Patterson, John James ; was born in Water- 
loo, Juniata County, Pennsylvania, August 8, 1830, 
graduated at Jefferson CoUege in 1848; was editor of 
the Juniata Sentinel in 1852, and for ten years after- 
wards was editor of the Harrisburg Telegraph; was 
engaged in banking and in the management of rail- 
roads; was a member of the State Legislature in 
1858, and the three succeeding years; removed to 
South Carolina in 1869; served in the army on the 
staff of General Williams of Pennsj'lvania; was electa 
ed to the Senate of the United States for the term 
commencing in 1873 and ending in 1879, serving on 
the Committees on Pensions, Territories, and Educa- 
tion and Labor. 

Patterson, Robert ; was bom in the North of 
Ireland, May 30, 1743; settled in Philadelphia in 
1768: became Principal of the Academy at Wilming- 
ton, Delaware, in 1774; was a Brigade-Ma,jor in the 
Revolutionary War; Professor of Mathematics in the 
University of Pennsylvania from 1779 to 1814, ami 
was for some time Vice-Provost; in 18U5 was mado 
Director of the United States Mint; from 1819 until 
his death was President of the American Philo- 
sophical Society, to whose Transactions he was iv 
frequent contributor; published "The Newtonian 
Sy.stem " in 1808: " Treatise on Arithmetic " in 1819; 
edited "Ferguson's Mechanics" in 1806; his "As- 
tronomy" in 1809; "John Webster's Natural Phil- 
osophy" in 1808; "Ewing's Natural Philosophy " 
in 1809. Died in Philadelphia, July 22, 1824. "lie 
was the father of Robert M. Patterson. 

Patterson, Robert M.; was born in Philadel- 
phia, Pennsylvania; graduated at the University of 
Pennsylvania in 1804, and was made M. D. in 1808; 
was educated as a chemist under Sir Humphrey 



382 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Davy; returned to America in 1812, and was soon 
after elected Professor of Natural Philosophy and 
Cliemistry in the University of Philadelphia; Pro- 
fessor in the University of Virginia from 1828 to 
1835; Director of the United States Mint, Philadel- 
phia, from 1835 to 1853; was elected a member of the 
Philisophical Society in 1809; delivered, while its 
Vice-President, in 1843, "A Discourse on the Early 
History of the American Philosophical Society " ; was 
President of the Society from 1849 to 1853. Died in 
Philadelphia, September 5, 1854, aged sixty-eight 
years. 

Patterson, Thomas; was born in Lancaster 
County, Penn.sylvania; was a Kepresentative in Con- 
gress tVom that State Irom 1817 to 1825. 

Patterson, Thomas J.; was born in New York; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1843 to 1845. 

Patterson, Thomas M.; was born in Carlow, 
Ireland, November 4, 1840; received a common school 
education, and spent one year at the Asbury Uni- 
versity in Indiana, and one year at the Wabash Col- 
lege; iip to the year 1864 he was a printer and silver- 
smith; subsequently adopted the profession of the 
law; removed to Colorado; in 1874 was appointed 
Attorney for the city of Denver; was elected a Dele- 
gate from Colorado to the Forty-fourth Congress; upon 
the admission of Colorado as a State, in 1876, was 
elected a Representative from that State to the For- 
ty-fifth Congress. 

Patterson, "Walter; was born in Columbia 
County, New York; was a member of the Assembly 
of New York in 1818 from Columbia County, and a 
Representative in Congress from 1821 to 1823. 

Patterson, "William; was born in Maryland; 
settled in Ohio ; was elected a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1833 to 1838. 

Patterson, William ; was born in Londonderry, 
New Hampshire, June 4, 1789; removed to the State 
of New York in 1815, and subsequently settled in 
War.saw, Genesee, now Wyoming County; was elected 
a Representative in Congress from New York Ijom 
1837 to 1839. Died, before the expiration of his 
term, at Warsaw, New York, August 14, 1838. 

Pattison, Robert E.; was born at Quantico, 
Maryland, December 8, 1850; removed to Pennsylva- 
nia in 1855; received a classical education, graduat- 
ing from the Central High School, of Philadelphia, in 
1872; having studied law was, in the same year, ad- 
mitted to the bar, and commenced the practice of law 
as a profession; in 1877 was elected Comptroller of 
the city of Philadelphia, and was re-elected in 1880; 
in 1883 was elected Governor of Pennsylvania for the 
term of four years iiom January, 1883. 

Patton, John; was born in Kent County, Dela- 
ware, in 1746; was an officer in the Revolution, and 
fought in nearly every battle from Long Island to 
Camden; was a Delegate to the Continental Congress 
from 1785 to 1786; was a Representative in Congress 
from Delaware from 1793 to 1794; was re-elected in 
1795, but his seat was successfully contested by H. 
Latimer. Died at Dover, in June, 1801. 

Patton, John ; was bom in Pennsylvania; was 
elected a Representative from that State to the Thir- 
ty-seventh Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Indian Affairs. 

Patton, John D.; was born at Indiana, Pennsyl- 
vania, November 28, 1829; received a common school 



and academic education in his native town; was en- 
gaged in the business of a tanner from 1844 to 1851; 
in the latter year went to Kansas and engaged in the 
business of merchandising; in 1861 returned to his 
native town and continued in the mercantile busi- 
ness; was elected a Representative from Pemisylva- 
nia to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Patton, John M.; was born in Virginia; received 
a liberal education, and adopted the profession of the 
law, in which he was successful; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from that State from 1830 to 1838. 
Died in October, 1858, in the sixty-second year of his 
age. He was for some years, and at the time of his 
death. Judge of the Court of Appeals. 

Patton, R. M.; was elected Governor of Ala- 
bama, and remained in the office until 1868. 

Paul, John ; was bom in Rockingham County, 
Virginia, June 30, 1839; received a common school 
education; taught school; served in the Confederate 
Army throughout the War of the Rebellion; gradu- 
ated in law at the University of Virginia in 1867; 
was Commonwealth Attorney from 1870 to 1877; was 
elected State Senator in 1877, and re-elected in 1879; 
was elected a Representative from Virginia to the 
Forty -seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses; in 
March, 1883, was appointed United States District 
Judge for the Western District of Virginia, and re- 
signed his seat in Congress to enter upon his judicial 
duties. 

Paulding, James K.; was bom in Dutchess 
County, New York, August 22, 1778; passed his boy- 
hood on his father's farm; in 1797 obtained a clerk- 
ship in New York City, where he commenced, and 
long continued his labors, as a man of letters; his 
first book was "Salmagundi," published in 1807; in 
1812 he issued the " History of John Bull and Brother 
Jonathan," and in 1813, the " Lay of the Scotch Fid- 
dle"; in 1815 was made Secretary of a Board of 
Navy Commissioners; in 1817 published " Letters 
from the South"; in 1818 the "Backwoodsman"; 
in 1822 " A Sketch of Old England "; in 1824 was 
appointed Navy Agent at New York; in 1825 ap- 
peared his "John BuU in America"; in 1831 the 
"Dutchman's Fireside"; and in 1832 "Westward 
Ho"; in 1838 was appointed, by President Van 
Buren, Secretary of the Navy, from which office he 
retired in 1841, and passed the remainder of his life 
in retirement in the county where he was born. Died 
April 5, 1860. 

Paulding, "William, Jr.; was born in Tarry- 
town, Westchester County, New York, in 1769; was 
educated for the law, and engaged in a lucrative 
practice in New York City; was a Delegate to the 
New York Convention for revising the State Consti- 
tution in 1831 ; was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1811 to 1813, but was ab- 
sent from his seat during the session in which war 
was declared, and served as General of Militia during 
its prosecution; in 1823 was chosen Mayor of New 
York, after which he held no public office. Died at 
Tarrytown, February 11, 1854. 

Pawling, Levi ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1817 to 1819. 

Payne, Henry B.; was bom in Hamilton Coun- 
ty, New York, November 30, 1810; graduated at 
Hamilton College; studied law; in 1834 settled in 
Cleveland, Ohio; was a Presidential Elector in 1848; 
was elected a State Senator in 1849 and 1850; was, 
for several years, a member of the City Council; was 
President of the Columbus Railroad Company, and 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



383 



■was identified with other important industries of the 
State; was a candidate for the United States Senate, 
and also for Governor iu 1857, but was defeated; was 
a Delegate to the (.'harlcston Convention in 1860, and 
to the National Democratic Convention of 1S72; re- 
ported the plat Ibrm that was adopted; in 18T4 was 
elected a Representative from Ohio to the Forty- 
fourth Congress; was, for many years, extensively 
interested in the manufacturing interests of Cleve- 
land, and was President of the Board of Sinking 
Fund Commissioners of that city; in January, 1884, 
was elected a United States Senator from Uliio for 
six years from March 4, 1885. 

Payne, Sereno E.; was born at Hamilton, New 
York, ,lune 26, 1843; received a classical education, 
graduating from the University of Rochester iu 18('4; 
studied law; w;is admitted to the bar iu 18G6, and 
engaged in practice at Auburn, New York; was City 
Clerk of Auburn from 1868 to 1871; Supervisor in 
1871 and 1872; District Attorney of Cayuga County 
from 1873 to 1879; was President of the Board of 
Education of Auburn from 1879 to 1882; was elected 
a Representative from New York to the Forty-eighth 
Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Con- 
gress. 

Payne, "Winter "W.; was born in Famiuicr 
County, Virginia, .January 2, 1807; received a good 
English education; emigrated to Alabama in 182"); 
was elected to the Alabama Legislature in 1831, and 
with the exception of one year, served in that capac- 
ity until 1840; was a Representative in Congress 
IVom Alabama from 1841 to 1847; subsequently re- 
turned to Warrenton, Virginia, where he settled, de- 
voting himself to agricultural pursuits. 

Paynter, Lemuel ; was born in Delaware; on 
removing to Pennsylvania, was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress trom that State from 1837 to 
1841. 

Pasmter, Samuel ; was elected Governor of 
Delaware in 1824, and remained in office three years. 

Payson, Lewis E.; was born at Providence, 
Rhode Island, September 17, 1840; removed to Illi- 
nois in 1852; received a common schot)l education 
and attended Lombard University, Illinois, for two 
years; studied law, and was admitted to practice at 
Ottawa, Illinois, in 1862; removed to Pontiac, Illi- 
nois, in 1865; was Judge of the County Court from 
186!) to 1873; was elected a Representative from Illi- 
nois to the Forty-seventh Congress, and re-elected to 
the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Pearce, Duttee J.; was born at Portsmouth, 
Rhode Island, iu 1789; graduated at Brown Uni- 
versity in 1808; was a prominent lawyer; at one 
time Attorney-General of the State, and United 
States District Attorney for that District; wa.s a 
Representative in Congress from Rhode Island, from 
1825 to 1833, and again from 1S35 to 1837; was a 
Presidential Elector iu 1821; served in the Legisla- 
ture of Rhode Island. Died at Newport, Jlay 9, 
1849. 

Pearce, James A.; was born in Alexandria, 
Virginia, December 14, 1805, although of a JNIarylaml 
family by his father's side; graduated at Princeton 
College, "with the first honors, in 1822; Avas bred to 
the law, but was much engaged iu the pursuits of 
agriculture; w.os a member of the Maryland Legisla- 
ture in 1831 ; was a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1835 to 1839, and from 1841 to 1843; 
was a Senator in Congress from 1843 to 1862; served 
for a number of years :is Chairman of the Joint Com- 



mittee on the Library; also held the Post of Professor 
of Law in Washington College, Chestertown, and 
was a Regent of the Smithsonian Institution; was 
re-elected to the Senate for the term commencing 
March, 1863. Died at Chestertown, Maryland, De- 
cember 20, 1862. 

Pearce, John J.; was born iu Penu.sylvania: 
was a Representative in Congress from that Stall- 
from 1855 to 1857. 

Pearson, Josepil ; was born in Rowan County. 
North Carolina; was a lawyer by profes.sion; served 
two years in the State Legislature; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from North Carolina, from ISmi 
to 1815; while in Congress fought a duel with the 
Hon. ,Tohn G. Jackson, the result of a political quar- 
rel. Died at Salisbury, October 27, 18.34. 

Pease, Edward M.; was born in Connecticut; 
received a common .school education; when fourteen 
years of age became a clerk iu a store; subsequently 
was a clerk in the Postoffice at Hartford, Connecti- 
cut, until he reached the age of twenty-one; iu Jan- 
uary, 1835, went to Bastrop, Texas, where he entered 
upon the .study of law; engaged in the Texas Revo- 
lution of that year; was Secretary of the General 
Council of the Provincial Government of Texas from 
November, 1835, to March, 1836; then became Chief 
Clerk of the Navy Department, and afterwards Chief 
Clerk of the Treasury Department of the Texas Gov- 
ernment; in November, 1836, was Clerk of the Judi- 
ciary Committee of the House of Representatives of 
Texas; iu December, 1836, was tendered the position 
of Postmaster-General of Texas, but declined the 
office, and resumed his law studies; in April, 1837, 
commenced the practice of law at Washington, Texas; 
in Jnne, 1837, became Comptroller of Public Ac- 
counts of Texas; resigned in December, and settled 
at Brazoria in the practice of law; in 1846 was elected 
a Representative in the Texas Legislature; was re- 
elected in 1848 and 1850; resigned in 1850; in 1853 
was elected Governor of Texas; was re-elected in 
1855; in 1866 was an unsiiccessfiU candidate tbrGov- 
ernor; was Provisional Governor, by appoiutment. 
from 1867 to 1869; in 1872 was a Dtlcgate to the 
Democratic National Convention; in 1879 was ap- 
pointed Collector of the Port of Galveston. Died iu 
1883. 

Pease, Henry R.; was born iu Connecticut, 
February 19, 1835; received a good education; fol- 
lowed the profession of teaching for eleven years; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar; entered 
the army as a private soldier, and wa.s piomoted to 
the rank of Captain on .stafi" duty; in 1865 was ap- 
pointed Superintendent of Education for the State oi' 
Louisiana, while under military rule; in 1867 Sui'cr- 
intendent of the Education of Freedmen in Missis- 
sippi; took part in the re-construction of theStat<'; 
w.os elected Superintendent of Education of the Statu 
in 1809; edited and published the Jlississippi Educa- 
tional Journal, the first magazine ever devoted to 
popular education in the South; was elected to the 
United States Senate to fill a vac;xncy lor the term 
ending in 1875, serving on the Committers on Edu- 
cation, and Labor, and Enrolled Bills; was, soon 
afterwards, appointed Postmaster at Vick.sl)urg, 
but removed in November, 1875, on account of pol- 
itics. 

Pease, Seth ; was born in Connecticut; was edu- 
cated for the medical profession, and having removed to 
Washington, was, in 1816, appointed V^irelpAssistaut 
Postmaster-General, being the tirst who held that 
position. ;A./<*^ 



384 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Peaslee, Charles H.; was born in Gilmantown, 
New Hampshire, in February, 1804, graduated at 
Dartmouth College in 1824; was a State Representa- 
tive from 1833 to 1837; Adjutant^Generalot'the State 
from 1839 to 1847; was a Representative in Congress 
from that State from 1847 to 1853; Collector of Cus- 
toms at Boston from 1853 to 1857. Died at St. 
Paul, Minnesota, while on a visit there in October, 
1866. 

Peck, Asahel ; was born in Royalton, Massachu- 
setts, in 1803; was well educated; in 1874 was elected 
Governor of Vermont, serving until 1876. 

Peck, Ebenezer ; was born in the city of Port- 
land, Maine, May 22, 1805; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in the city of Montreal, Lower 
Canada, in 1827; was twice elected to the General 
Assembly of the Province of Lower Canada; was 
made King's Counsel in 1833; in 1835 emigrated to 
Chicago, Illinois; was se\eral times electa! to the 
Senate and House of Representatives of that State: 
was Clerk of the Supreme Court of Illinois for four 
years — from 1841 to 1845; was afterwards appointed 
Reporter of its decisions by that Court, which office 
he held for more than thirteen years from 1850, and 
nntil he was, in 1863, made one of the Judges of the 
Court of Claims in Washington. 

Peck, Erasmus D.; was born in Connecticut, 
September 16, 1808; graduated at the Berkshire Med- 
ical College in 1829; removed to Ohio in 1830; was 
elected a member of the Ohio Legislature in 1856 and 
1858, was Examining Surgeon for the Army and for 
Pensions; was elected to the Forty-first Congress to 
fill a vacancy, and was re-elected to the Forty-second 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Invalid 
Pensions. 

Peck, George "W.; was born in New York about 
the year 1818; removed to Michigan; was a member 
of the Legislature of that State in 1846 and 1847, 
serving as Speaker during the latter year; was after- 
wards chosen Secretary of State; was a Representa- 
tive in Congrassfrom Michigan from 1855 to 1857. 

Peck, Henry E.; was born in Rochester, Nev 
York; was educated for the ministry; was appointed 
a Professor in Oberlin College, Ohio; identified him- 
self with the Anti-Slavery party in 1656; in 1862 
was appointed, by President Lincoln, first, a Com- 
missioner, and afterwards Minister Resident and Con- 
sul-General to Hayti. Died at Port-au-1'rince, June 
9, 1867, having originally gone abroad for the benefit 
of his health. 

Peck, James H.; was born in Tennessee; was 
educated for the bar, and was a man of influence; 
removed to Missouri; was made Judge of the United 
States District Court for Missouri. Died at St. 
Charles, in that State, May 1, 1837. 

Peck, Jared V.; was born in New York; was a 
Representative in Congress from that .State from 1853 
to 1855. 

Peck, Lucius B. ; was born in Waterlmry, Ver- 
mont, in 1799; spent two years at the West Point 
Academy; studied law, and came to the bar in 1824; 
served in the State Legislature ; was a Representative 
ill Loll ■jre.ss from that State from 1847 to 1851; from 
; - ^;' t • 1857 was United States Attorney for Vermont, 
111, I ij-'iuently President of the Vermont and Can- 

' Kailroad. Died in Lowell, Massachusetts. De- 

...hei. 1866. 



Peck, Luther C; was born in Connecticut; 
studied law; was admitted to the bar, and sett'ed at 
Nunda, New York, in the practice of !aw, in which 
he attained eminence; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1837 to 1841. Died at 
Nunda, New York, February 5, 1876. 

Peckham, Rufus "W.; was born in New York; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1853 to 1855; in 1859 was elected Judge of the 
Supreme Court. 

Peddie, Thomas B.; was bom at Edinburgh, 
Scotland; emigrated to the United States in 1833; 
located at Newark, New Jersey, and engaged in 
manufacturing; was elected to the State Legislature 
in 1863 and 1864; was Mayor of Newark from 1865 to 
1868, was President of the Board of Trade of that 
city in 1873; was elected a Representative from New 
Jersey to the Forty -fifth Congress. 

Peden, James A.; was a citizen of Florida; 
went to the Argentine Confederation as Charge 
iP Affaires in 1854; was soon after promoted to the 
rank of Minister Resident; returned to the Uuitetl 
States in 1858. 

Peek, Hermanus ; was bom in Albany, New 
York; was, for two years, a member of the New 
York -Assembly, from Sclienectady County, and a 
Representative in Congress from New York from 1819 
to 1821. 

Peel, Samuel W.; was born in Independence 
County, Arkansas, September 13, 1831; in 1840 re- 
moved, with his parents, to Carroll Countj', in the 
same State; received a very limited common school 
education; was elected Clerk of Carroll County in 
1858, and re-elected in 1860; enlisted in the Confed- 
erate Army in 1861, and was elected Major of State 
Regiment; again enlisted in 1802 and was elected 
Colonel, serving throughout the war; in 1867 settled 
at Bentonville, Arkansas; entered upon the practice 
of law without preceptor or reading; was appointed 
Prosecuting Attorney in 1873, and was elected to that 
office in 1874, serving four years; was an unsuccessful 
candidate for Congress in 1880, was nomioated by 
acclamation in 1882, and was elected a Representa- 
tive from Arkansas to the Forty-eighth Congress; 
was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Peelle, Stanton J.; was born in Wayne County, 
Indiana, February 11, 1843; received a good educa- 
tion; adopted the profession of the law; entered the 
Union Army in 1861, and served three years; was 
Deputy District Attorney of Marion County for two 
years; was a Representative in the State Legisla- 
ture from 1877 to 1879; was elected a Representative 
from Indiana to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth 
Congresses. 

Peery, "William ; was a Delegate from Delaware 
to the Continental Congress from 1785 to 1786. 

Pegram, John ; was a native of Virginia; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 
1818 to 1819, to fill the unexpired term of Peterson 
Goodwin. 

Peirce, Henry A.; was a citizen of Massachii- 
setts; in 1869 was appointed Minister Resident to the 
Sandwdch Islands. 

Pelham, Charles ; was born in Person County, 
North Carolina, March 12, 1835; removed to Ala- 
bama in 1838; studied law; was admitted to tlie bar 
in 1858, and practiced until 1862, when he entered 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



3^5 



the Confederate service; was elected Judge of the 
Tenth Judicial Circuit in 18fi8; was elected to the 
Forty-first Congress, serving on one or two Commit- 
tees. 

Pelton, Guy R.; was born at Great Barrington, 
Berkshire County, Massachusetts, Au}j;usC 3, 1825; 
his ta.stes, from early boyhood, inclinetl liim to the 
study of law, but it w;is not until he had attained 
his twentieth year that he was enabled to prosecute 
his plans lor a prol'cssional lil'e, Iiavins;, previously to 
that time, remained upon the homestead farm with 
his father; spent two years in the academy of his 
native town, and three years in the Connecticut 
Literary Institute, alter which he devoted one year 
to teaching at Lee, Massachusetts, and at Dover 
Plains, New York, employing his leisure in reading 
elementary works on law; then entered a law oiBce 
at Kinderiiook and completed his studies, being ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1850; in is.'il upeued a law office 
in New York City; in 1854 was elected a l.'epresenta- 
tive from New Y'ork to the Thirly-lburlh Congress, 
after which he returned to New York and resumed 
his professional labors. 

Pendleton, Edmund ; was born in Carolina 
County, Virginia, September 9, 1721; at the age 
of twenty-one was admitted to tlie bar; was a mem- 
ber of the House of Burgesses in IT.Vi, and was sub- 
seiiuently Speaker of that body; in 1764 was one of 
the Committee to memorialize the king; was a mem- 
ber of the Committee of Correspondence in 1773; 
Presiding Magistrate and County Lieutenant of 
Carolina County in 1774: a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1774 to 1775; President of the 
Virginia Conventions of 1775 and 1776; drew up the 
resolutions tor the Declaration ol' Independence; wa-* 
the opponent of I'atrick Henry; was Chairman of the 
Committee of Safety, and one of the Revisers of the 
Colonial laws; in 1777 fell from his horse and was 
crippled for life; was Speaker and President of the 
Chancery Court; in 1779 President of the Court 
of Appeals : in 1788 presided over the Conven- 
tion which adopted the F'ederal Constitution; was 
appointed, by President Washington, United States 
District Judge for Virginia in 1789, but declined; 
protested against a war with France in 1798. Died 
in Richmond, Virginia, October 23, 1803. 

Pendleton, Edmund H.; was a Representative 
in Congress from New York from 1831 to 1833. 

Pendleton, George H.; was born in Cincin- 
nati, Ohio, July 25, 1825; became a lawyer by pro- 
fession; was a member of the State Senate of Ohio in 
1854 and 1855; was elected a Representative from 
Ohio to the Thirty-fifth, Thirty-si.vth, and Thirty- 
seventh Congresses, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Military Atfairs during each term; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Ways and Means, and as Chairman of 
a Special Committee on admitting Cabinet officers to 
the floor of the House of Representatives; in 1864 
was nominated tor the office of Vice President of the 
United States, on the ticket with George B. McClel- 
lan for President; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
" National Union Convention" of 1866; in 1869 was 
api>ointed President of the Kentucky Central Rail- 
road Company; was elected a United States Senator 
from Ohio for the term of six years from March 4, 
l->79; at the e.'cpiration of his Senatorial term, in 
March, 1885, was appointed, by President Cleveland. 
United States Minister to Germany. 

Pendleton, Henry ; was born in Virginia about 
17.50; emigrated to South Carolina and was ap- 
pointed Judge in 1776; when the British overran the 

25 



State he joined the Patriot forces and fought at 
Eutaw; resumed his Judgeship in 1782; originated 
the County Court Act of South Carolina, and was 
one of three .fudges appointed to revise the laws of 
the State in 1785; in 1788 was a member of the Con- 
vention which ratified the Federal Constitution. 
Died in South Carolina in 1789. 

Pendleton, James M.; was bom in Pendleton 
Hill, in North Stonington, Connecticut, January 10, 
1822; received an academic ecjucation; was engaged 
in mercantile business and banking in Rhode Island; 
was a member of the State Senate in 1862, 186:!, 
1864, and 1865; a Delegate to the " National Repulj- 
licau C'ouvention " of Chicago in 18(i8; Presidential 
Elector; was elected to the Forty-second and Forty- 
third Congresses, serving on the Committee on Re- 
vision of Laws. 

Pendleton, John S.; was born in Virginia; in 
1841 %vas appointed Charge d'Affalrrs to the Republic 
of Chili; was a Representative in Congress from Vir- 
ginia from 1845 to 1847, and for a second term, end- 
ing in 1849; in 1851 was appointed, by President 
Fillmore, Minister Resident to the Argentine Con- 
federation, and was authorized to negotiate with 
Paraguay, etc. Died in Culpepper I Vunty, Virginia, 
November 19, 1868. 

Pendleton, Nathaniel Greene; was born in 
Savannah, tfeorgia, in August, 1793; removed, with 
his father, to New York in his childhood; was 
educated at Columbia College; adopted the profession 
of the law; was an Aid to General E. P. Gaines from 
1813 to 1815; removed to Ohio in 1818; in 1?^25 was 
elected to the Senate of Ohio, and was re-elected; 
was a Reiiresentative in Congress from Ohio from 
1841 to 1843, after which he voluntarily retired from 
public life; was a man of high character an<l un- 
common ability. Died in Cincinnati, June 16, 18'!1. 
His father, Nathaniel Pendleton, was an officer in 
the Revolutionary War, a Judge, and second of Gen- 
eral Alexander Hamilton in his dmd with Aaron 
Burr. He was the father of George 11. Pendleton. 

Penn, Alexander G.; was born in Virginia, 
and, having settled in Louisiana, was elected 3 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1851 
to 1853. Died suddenly, in \V;ishington, May 8, 
1866, while on a visit to that city. lie once held a 
position in the Custom House of New Orleans. 

Penn, John; was born in I'hiladelphia; was 
Governor of Pennsylvania from 1763 to 1771, and 
from 1773 to 1775; continued in the country after his 
government was ended by the Revolution, and in 
1777, having refused to sign a parole, was confined 
by the Whigs at Frederick-sburg, Virginia. Died in 
Bucks Counl:y, Pennsylvania, February, 1795. He 
was a grandson of WiUiam Penn, and was called the 
"American Penn." 

Penn, John ; was born in Caroline County, Vir- 
ginia, May 17, 1741; his early education was limited, 
but he soon overcame all obstacles, and acquired a 
knowledge of law; in 1744 settled In North Carolina; 
was a Delegate from North Carolina to the Con- 
tinental Congress from 1775 to 1780, and signed the 
Declaration of Independence, as well as the Articles 
of Confederation; when Cornwallis invaded North 
Carolina was placed in charge of public affairs, and 
aei|uitted himself with credit; in I'S'l was ap- 
pointed Receiver of Taxes. Died October 26, 180it. 

Penniman, Ebenezer Jenckes ; was bom in 
l.iinsingburg. New York; when thirteen years of ap;e 
was apprenticed to the business of printing, in the 



386 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



office of the New Bamp.-'hire Sentinel, at Keene; when 
eiehteen years of age purchased his indentures and 
entered upon mercantile pursuits in the City of New 
York; removed to Michigan in 1835; was elected a 
Representative, from that State, to the Thirty-second 
Congress. 

Pennington, Alexander C. M.; was born in 
Newark, New Jersey, in 1811; was a lawyer by pro- 
fession; was a Representative in Congress from tliat 
State from 1853 to 1857; also served two years in the 
State Legislature; subsequently settled in the city ot 
New York, where he died January 2o, 186/, aged 
fifty-six years. 

Pennington, L L.; was born in North Carolina; 
received a common school education; early took a 
interest in the cause of education aud wrote much 
on the subject; after serving for many years in vari- 
ous capacities of trust and honor he emigrated to 
Dakoti, and in 1874 was appointed Governor of that 
Territory. 

Pennington, William; was born in Newark, 
New Jersev, in 1797: received a liberal education; 
Stedtte profession of the law; in 18,37 waselect- 
*d Governor of New Jersey, and annually re-elected 
until 1843, acting at the same time as Chancellor of 
the State, ex-officlo, and taking a proniment part n 
what was kno^ as the " Broad Seal Controversy "; 
was appointed, by President Taylor, Governor of 
Staneso.a Territory, and by President Fillmore, a 
Judge to settle land claims in California^both of 
thidi positions he declined; in 1858, contrary to his 
wishes was elected a Representative from New Jer- 
sev to the Thirty-sixth Congress; after the lapse ot 
two months from taking h.s seat was elected 

Speaker of the House of K^P^'-^^f Yfifil' He had 
Newark New Jersey, February 16, 1862. He haa 

been indisposed, :md ha^•ing t=>1<^"/ ."^o^^,."/ ™°^' 
phine by mistake for some other medicine, died from 

its effects. 



Pennington, William S.; was born in 17,o, 
was Major of New Jersey Artillery "i.the Revolu- 
tinnarv War; was a.imitted to the bar in 1802; was 
a number of the Legislature of New Jersey; was 
( lumcellor of the State, and author of New Jersey 
Court Reports, published from 1803 to 1816; andSvo^ 
in 1825; was Governor of ^ew Jersey from 1813 to 
1815- was appointed Associate Judge of the Supreme 
Sof Ne^w^^ersey in 180|iJ"fge of the United 
States District Court from 1815 to 1326. Died at 
Newark, September 17, 1826. His son, William, was 
a Representative in Congress. 

Pennybacker, Isaac S.; was bom in Shenan- 
doah Countv, Virginia, in 1806; was a lawyer by pro- 
fession; was a Representative m Congr^s from 1837 
to 1839; then Judge of the District Court of Western 
Virginia; was a Senator in Congress for the term 
from 184.5 to 1851. Died in Washington, District ot 
Columbia, January 12, 1847. 

Penrose, Charles B.; was bom in Pennsylva- 
nia: in 1841 was appointed Solicitor of the TreasuiT 
of the United States, remaining m office until lS4t). 

Perce Legrand W. ; was born in Buffalo, New 
York June 19, ISSH; received a good education; stud- 
ied law at the Albany University in 18o6; entered 
the volunteer service in 1861; was appointed Second 
Lieutenant of Michigan Volunteers ,n 1861^ and Cap- 
tun in 1862- was brevetted Major at Port Hudson m 
1863 was appointed Captain of United States Vo^ 
unteers in 1863, and brevetted Colonel m I860; set- 
S^ in Missis.sippi; was elected to the Forty-first 



Congress, and reelected to the Forty-second Congress 
serving on several Committees and as Chairman of 
that on Education and Labor. 

Perea Francisco ; was born in Zadillas, Conn- 
tv of Bernalillo, New Mexico, January 9, 1831; m 
1863 was elected a Delegate from New Mexico to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress. 

Perham Sidney ; was born in Woodstock, Ox- 
ford Countv', Maine, March 27, 1819; until his thir- 
tv-fourth year followed the double occupation of 
farmer and teacher; in 1852 was chosen a member of 
the Maine Board of Agriculture, which I^osition he 
held for two years; in 1855 was a member of the State 
Legislature, and officiated as Speaker; in 1856 was a 
Pr^idential Elector; in 1858 was elected County 
Clerk for Oxford County, and re-elected in 1861; in 
1862 was elected a Representative from Maine to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Agriculture, and Invalid Pensions; was re-elected 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Invalid Pensions; was re-elected to 
the Fortieth Congress; in 1875 was elected Secretary 
•of the State of Maine. 

Perkins Bishop ; was bora in New Hampshire; 
settled in New York; was elected a Repre-sentative 
in Congress from that State from 1853 to 1855. 

Perkins Bishop W.; was bom at Rochester, 
Lorain County, Ohio, October 18, 1841; removed, 
with his parents, to Hlinois in 1855; received a com- 
mon school education and attended Knox Academy, 
at Galesburg, Illinois, one year; in 1860 went to 
Pike's Peak; returned to Hlinois in 1862 and enlisted 
in the Union Army; served until 1866, performing 
important duties, and rising to the rank of Captam 
! and Acting Adjutant-General: was wounded at lort 
I Donelson ; returned home when mustered out of 
service read law, and was admitted to the bar of the 
niinois Supreme Court in 1867; settled at Princeton, 
Indiana, in the practice of law; in AprU, 1869, re- 
moved to Oswego, Kansas; in .Tune of that year wa,s 
appointed County Attorney: in 1870 was elected 
Probate Judge, and was re-elected in 18-2; in Feb- 
ruary 1873, was appointed Judge of the Eleventh 
Judicial District of the State; in November ot that 
vear was elected to the same position; was re-elected 
in 1874, and again in 1878; was elected a Represent- 
ative from Kansas to the Forty-eighth Congress; was 
re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress, 



PerkinB Ellas ; was born in Norwich, Connecti- 
cut April 5, 1767; graduated at Yale College m 
1786; studied law, and, after practicing a few years, 
reUnquished the profession; was a Presidential Elec- 
tor in 1797; was a Representative m Congress from 
Connecticut from 1801 to 1803; was subsequently 
chosen Judge of the Court for the county of New 
London, which office he held until he became ineli- 
gible from his advanced years; was Mayor of the city 
of New London from 1829 to 1832, when he declined 
a re-election. Died in New London, September 27, 
1845. 

Perkins, George Clement; was bom at Ken- 
nebunkport, Maine, in 1839; was reined on a farm 
with limited educational advantages; at the age 01 
twelve went to sea as cabin boy; followed this calling 
and that of a sailor for several years; in 1855 shipped 
" before the mast" on a saUing vessel bound for ban 
Francisco, 'CalUbmia, where he arrived in the autumn 
of that year; went to Sacramento, California; went, 
on foot to Oroville, California, where he became 
porter in a store; subsequently became a partner in 
the business, and was very successful; engaged m 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



387 



banking, milling, mining, and sheep-raising; in 1868 
■was elected a State Senator; became a large stock- 
holder in the Paciiic Coast Steamship Company ; 
passed through the junior grades to the office of 
Grand Master of the Order of X'ree and Accepted Ma- 
sons of the State of California; was elected President 
of the Merchants' Exchange, of San Francisco; in 
1879 was elected Governor of California, serving 
until January, 1883; in the hitter year, during the 
Triennial Conclave of the (I rand Encampment of 
Knights Templar, held at San I'rancisco, was Grand 
Commander of the Grand Commaudery of California, 
and was elected Grand Junior Warden of the Grand 
Encampment. 

Perkins, Jared; was bom in New Hampshire: 
held the position of State Councilor from 1816 to 
1849; was a State Representative in IS.'iO; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1851 
to 1853. Died at Nashua, October 14, 1854. 

Perkins, Jolin, Jr.; was born in Louisiana, July 
1, 1819; graduated at Yale College in IPIO, and sub- 
sequently at the Law School of Har\ard University;' 
settled, for the practice of his profession, in New Or- 
leans, but his health compelled him to travel in 
Europe; on his return, in 1851, was chosen a .Judge 
of the Circuit Court of Louisiana; held this position 
uutil elected to Congress, in 1853, where he advo- 
cated Democratic measures, and remained until 18,55, 
serving on the Committee on Foreign Affairs; took 
part in the rebclliou. / rl ,/ /^v^ lyv^. 

Perrill, Augustus L.; was born in Virginia; 
was a Representative in Congress from Ohio, from 
1845 to 1847. 

Perry, Benjamin Franklin ; was bom near 
Cireenvillc. South Carolina, in ISOd; received a lib- 
eral education; studied law; was admitted to the bar 
at Cireenvillc, South Carolina, in 1828, and entered 
upon till' jiractice of law at that place: held many 
offices of jiriilit and trust; in 1835 was elected a State 
Senator: at the breaking out of the Civil War, in 
1860, opiioM-d secession, and throughout the conflict 
remained a steadfast unionist; after the close of the war 
was elected Governor of South Carolina; in 1870 was 
elected United States Senator, but was not permitted 
to take his scat; in 1872 was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress, but was again refused admission to 
a Congrcssiimalseat; abandoned politics, and resumed 
the practice of his profession; in 1876 was a Delegate 
to the Democratic National Convention. Died at his 
liome, near (ircenville. South (arolina, December 3, 

. -Sli. 

Perry, Ed'ward A.; was born in Berkshire 
County, Massachusetts, March 15, 1833; prepared 
tor college in Lee Academy, and entered Yale Col- 
lege in the class of 1854; left college in his junior 
year, 1853. and went to Alabama; studied law. end 
was admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of 
Alabama in 1857; settled in Pensacola, Florida, in 
tlie practice of law; at the commencement of the 
( ivil War entered the Confederate serWcc as Captain: 
was promoted t<5 a Colonelcy, and afterwards com- 
niissionefi as Brigadier-General; after the close of 
the war resumed the practice of his profession at 
Pensacola, Florida; never held public office until 
elected Governor of Florida for the term of four years, 
from January, 1885. 

Perry, Ell; was bom in Wa.shingtou County, 
New York, December 25. 1802; received a good edu- 
cation: commenced business as a dealer in provisions, 
and continued it for twenty-live years; was a banker; 



was elected alderman and member of the Assembly 
of the State; in 1851 was elected Mayor of Albany, 
which office he held twelve years; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from New York to the Forty-second and 
Forty-third Congresses, serving on the Committee on 
Public Buildings and Grounds. 

Perry, John J.; was born in Portsmcnth, New 
Hampshire, August 2, 1811; when a child removed 
with his father. Rev. Daniel Perry, to Oxford, JIaine; 
received a common school education, and of his own 
accord spent three years at the "Maine Wesleyan 
Seminary," paying for his tuition by laboring on the 
farm belonging to the institution, and also by teach- 
ing school in the winter; spent three years in mer- 
cantile pursuits; turned his attention to the law; 
was admitted to the bar at Oxford, JIaine, in 1844, 
and there practiced his profession; was elected to the 
Maine Legislature in 1839, 1842, and 1843; w^s after- 
^vards, lor seven years. ^^ajor-General of the Maine 
Militia; in 1846 iind 1847, was elected to the State 
Senate; in 1854 was elected Clerk of the Maine House 
of Representatives; was a Representative in Congress 
from 1855 to 1857; vias connected \vith the press, as 
editor of the Oxford DcuKitrot. a paper published at 
'Paris, Maine; was elected a Kepresentative from 
JIaine to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Territories; was a member 
of the " Peace Congress '' of l.'^lil. 

Perry, Madison S.; w:is Governor of Florida 
from 1857 to 1861. 

Perry, Matthe-w Galbraith ; wasbominNew- 
jiort, KIhhU- l-land. in 1794; was appointed Midship- 
man in the 1 niled States Navy in 18(l9' Lieutenant 
in 1813; Coiiiniander in ]S'i6. and Captain in 1837; 
in 1819 fixed Ihe locality of the first settlement of 
Liberia; from 1821 to 1821 cruised in the West 
Indies and captured several pirates; was in the Med- 
iterranean from 1830 to 1833; on his return took 
charge ot the Brooklyn Navy Yard; then commanded 
the African Squadron; then the Gulf Squadron, and 
co-operated in the siege of Vera Cruz during the 
Mexican ^\■ar; from 1852 to 1854 commanded the 
Japan Expedition, and negotiated an important treaty 
with that power in 1854; an account of the expedi- 
tion was published in 1856 in three large volumes. 
Died in New York. March 4, 1858. 

Perry, Nehemiah; was born at Ridgefield, 
Connecticut, M;irch 30, 1816; received a good educa- 
tion at the West Lane Seminary: was chiefly en- 
gaged in the cloth and clothing business; was for 
many years the presiding member of the Common 
Council of Newark, New Jersey; served a number of 
years in the Legislature of that State; was elected a 
Representative from New Jersey to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Revolntiouaiir 
Claims, and Expenditures on Public Buildings; was 
re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serv ing on 
the Committee on Commerce. 

PeiTy, R. H.; was a citizen of Rhode Island; 
while holding the position of Consul at San Domingo, 
in 1869, was empowered to negotiate for the cession 
of that country to the United States, and also to 
obtain a lease of Samana Raj' 

Perry, Thomas ; wa.s bom in Maryland; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1845 
to 1847; was a Circuit Judge from 1851 to 1861, and 
from 1861 to 1871. Died in Cumberland, June 27, 
1871, aged sixty-three years. 

Perry, "William ; in 1790 was appointed an Asso- 
ciate Justice of the United States Court for the Terri- 
tory lying south of the Ohio River. 



BIOGEAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Perry, Williara Hasme; was ''<"" /* '^^f f' 
vine So'^.'th Carolina, June9 1839- was e^u^ted in 
the schools of his native city, m the Fu man urn 
versity at the South Carolina College and at nar 
™d Colleo-e Cambridge, Massachusetts, graduating 
from the laft^r institutfoA with distinguished honor 

was elected a Delegate to the State po°; ^"""^° ' , ors 

-•=r£^i3HS Sir 

CongrflBS. 

&'^°ll5'^aiuftV;nhf University of Geo>;gia^de- 
^otedhirattention to agriculture; f^^^^'^ '" '^^^J;"",. 
federate Army as Captain i^-as ^l^^^ f^ ajiep^^^°* 
ative from Georgia to the Forty-sixth Congress. 



Peter George ; was born in Georgetown, Mont- 

in 1809 served as Major of Volunteers during tin- 

o|- Maryland. Died in Montgomery County, Mai.> 
laud, June 22, 1861. 

Peters Jolin A.; was born in Ellsworth Han- 

£^^^^'^^^. 

Z ^w^ elected to the House of Ue,.r.^e,i^at.v^>^ 
Tt the close of 1864 and also in l«6o and 1866 was 
t ected by the Legislature Attorney-General ot the 
Stlte wiZs, subsequently, elected a Eepresentat e 
from kl ue to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
CommHtees on Public Expenditures and Patent ;w^^ 
,-P ,-lected to the two succeeding Congresses, seiviu., 
^'chairman of the Committee on the Library and on , 
the Judiciary Committee. 

Peters Jolm S.; was born in Connecticut in 
17?^ received a good education; was several years 
in lie State Legfslature; was Lieutenant-Governor 
from 1827 to IS.?; ^vas Governor of Connecticut tron, 
1831 to 1833. Hied in Hebron, April 1, 18o«. 

Ppters Richard; was born near Philadelphia. 
Auo-ust 2^' 1744; graduated at Philadelphia Co lege; 
taf a lawyer by "profession, and very succ^sstul in 
^snativ^ State because of the fluency with which 
he snoke Gennak; w.is remarkable for his wit, and 
^hen he accompanied the delegation from Penn,..vl- 
■ivnenneauo ^ ,, .; tie Indians were so dc- 

v^?? ^ l^th his V vacity that he was formally 
^dby t^ieminto tlfei7tribes; at the commence- 

resigned his post and recent <ii j^eipT^ate to the 



1828. 
Peters Sarnuel P.; w^. ^^j^'f^Z 

mmMsm 

mBmmm 

practice otiavv a. ^^ appointed 

^ 1 J. J •„ 10-70- rAmnvfd to Newton. ts.ansa&, 

ri876^' w f "ected a XpTetentative /-i Kansas 
to the Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the 
Forty-ninth Congress 



Petrie, George; was born ^^ ^ew Y°rk; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State trom le-K 
to 1849. 

P<-triken David; was bom in Pennsylvania; 
wifa R^pfe;.e°ative in Congress from that State 
from 1837 to 1841. Died January 3, 1849. 

Pfiftees John J.; was Governor of Mississippi 

Creek, Georgia, July 20, 1864. 

i Pf^ttibone Augustus H.; was born at Bedford, 
1 PettlDone, ^ s .rraduattd from the Univers- 

LS Weighth and Forty-nmth Congresses. 

„ ^. .„ -cvvcnA^pr- was a Representative in 

Coi'r^^^r'N^rtS'imuiom IH 3 to 1837 and 
w^"a^eiJiber of the Committ^^e on Expenses in the 
Navy Department. 

Pettigrew, B. F.; was bom at Ludlow Vermwi^ 
. ^^ , ^lais removed with his parents, to ^la- 

Dakota to the Forty-seventh Congress. 



BIOGRAPinCAL ANNALS. 



:W9 



Pettis, Spencer ; was born in Virginia; was ed- 
ucated a lawyer; on taking up his residence in Mis- 
souri, was elected a Representative in Congress I'rom 
that State, serving I'rom 1829 to 1831. Died August 
26, IS.'il, aged twenty-nine years, having falU'u in a 
duel, witli Major Tho'mas Biddle, at St. Louis. 

Pettis, S. Ne'wrton ; was born in Aslitabula 
County, Ohio, in 1828; studied law, and came to the 
bar in Pennsylvania in I8i8; in ISUl was apiioiiited, 
by President Lincoln, a Justice of the United .-states 
Court for Colorado; belore the close of that year he 
resigned, and returned to Pennsylvania; was subse- 
<jnently elected a Kepresentati\e from tliat Sfcite to 
the Fortieth Congress, for the unexpired term of D. 
A. Finney, serving on the Committee on Flections; 
in 1878 was appointed Minister Resident to Bolivia, 
remaining there until 1880. 

Pettit, Charles ; was a Re\olutionary patriot; 
was a successful lawyer; was Secretary of New Jersey 
under Governor Franklin, and continued in that 
office under Governor Livingston, until called by 
Oeneral Greene to the Post of Assistant Quarter- 
Master General; at the resignation of General Greene 
was offered the position of Quarter- Jlaster General, 
which he declined; after the close of the war, became 
a merchant in Philadelphia; was a member of the 
Legislature, and author of the funding system; was a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress from 1785 to 
17S7, and an advocate for the adoption of the Federal 
Constitution in the General Convention at Harris- 
burg. Died in Philadelphia, September 4, 1806, 
aged si.\ty-nine years. 

Pettit, John ; was born at Sackett's Harbor. .Tef- 
fersun County, New York, July 24, 1807; received a 
good education; studied law; removed to Lalayette, 
Indiana, in 1831; was a member of the State Legis- 
lature; United States District Attorney ; served in the 
House of Representatives in Congress, from 1843 to 
1847. and in the United States Senate from 1853 to 
1855; in 1850 was a member of the "State Constitu- 
tional Convention," and twice held the office of Cir- 
cuit .Judge; was a Presidential Elector in 1852; in 
1859 was appointed, by President Buchanan, Chief 
Justice of the Federal Courts of Kansas; was a Dele- 
gate to the "Chicago Convention" of 1804. 

Pettit, John U.; was born in New York; gradu- 
ated at Union College in 183S); studied law, and com- 
menced the practice of his profession in Wabash, In- 
diana, in 1841 ; went as United States Consul to 
Maranham, Brazil, in 1850; on his return, in 1853, 
was appointed .fudge of the Upper Wabash Circuit 
Court of Indiana; was elected to Congress, as a Rep- 
resentative from that State, in 1854; was re-elected 
to the Thirty-lifth Congress; was a member of the 
Joint Committee (m the Library; was re-elected to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Library Committee. 

Peyton, Bailie ; was born in Sumner County, 
Tennessee; received a liberal education; adopted the 
profession of tlie law; was a Representative in Con- 
gre.-^s from that .State from 1833 to 1837; in 1849 was 
appointed, by President Fillmore, Minister to Chili; 
was sub.seiiuently elected United States District At- 
torney for Louisiana; was, tor a time settled at San 
Francisco, California, in the practice of his profes- 
sion, but returned to his native State; in 1861 was a 
Presidential Elector tor the State of Tennessee; sub- 
sequently served in the Confederate Army during the 
War of the Rebellion. 

Peyton. Joseph H.; was born in .Sumner Coun- 
ty, Tennessee, in 1813; was frecjuently elected to the 



Senate of Tennessee; held many other local positions 
of high character; was a Representative in Congress 
from 1843 to 1845, received a medical education, but 
abandoned that profession for i)olitics. Died in Sum- 
ner County, Tennessee. .Xovemher 12, 1845, liaving 
been re-elected to Congress. 

Peyton, Samuel O.; was born in Bullitt Conn 
ty, Kentucky, in 1804; received a good common school 
education; settled in Hartford, Kentucky, and de- 
voted two years to the duties of a clerk; studied 
medicine, and graduated at Transylvania University 
in 1827; in 1835 was elected to the State Legislature; 
was a Representative in Congress from Kentucky 
from 1847 to 1849; was also elected to the Thirty- 
lifth and Thirty-sixtli Congresses, serving, during his 
last term, as a member of the Committee on Public 
Buildings and Grounds. Died in Hartford, Ken- 
tucky, in January, 1870. 

Phelps, Charles E.; was born in Guilford, Ver- 
mont, May 1, 1833; removed, ivith his parents, to 
Pennsylvania in 1838, and to Maryland in 1841; 
graduated at Princeton College in 1852, and at the 
Law School of Harvard University in 1853; studied 
law, and came to the Maryland bar in 1855; in 1858 
was elected a member of the American Association 
for the Advancement of Science; was admitted to 
practice in the United States Supreme Court in 1859; 
during that year as.sisted in organizing the "Mary- 
; land Guard" for municipal purposes; was chosen 
I Captain; afterw.ards M.ijor, which latter commission 
I he resigned April 19, 18iil, rather than obey an order 
I that he deemed treasonable; in 1860 was a member of 
; tlie City Council of Baltimore; in 1862 was made 
Lieutenant^Colonel of the Seventh Maryland Volun- 
i teers; promoted to the rank of Colonel in 1863, and 
! honorably discharged on account of wounds in 1864; 
; was soon afterwards elected a Representative from 
Maryland to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
I the Committees on the Militia and on Naval Affairs; 
was, subsequently, commissioned a Brigadier-General 
for gallant conduct at the battle of Spottsylvania; 
was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving on 
the C'ommittees on Appropriations and Expenses in 
the War Department; in 1864 was one of a Commis- 
sion to revise the Militia Laws of -Maryland; was a 
member of tlie National Committee appointed to 
conduct the remains of President Lincoln to Illi- 
nois. 

Phelps, Darwin; was born in East Granby, 
Hartford County, Connecticut; when quite young 
became an orphan, and went to resi<le with his 
grandjnirents in Portage County. Ohio; received a 
good education at tlie Western University, and after 
studying law in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, with his 
kinsman, Walter Forward, settled in Armstrong 
County in 1835, devoting himself to the practice of 
his profession: in 1855 was elected to the State 
Legislature; was a Delegate to the Chicago Conven- 
tion of 1860; in 1868 was elected a Representative 
from Pennsylvania to the Forty-first Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Invalid Pensions, and 
Public Buildings. 

Phelps, Edward John ; was born .it MiddU;- 
bury, Vermont, July 11, 1822; read law at Vale Law 
School in 1842 and 1843; was admitted to the bar in 
Vermont, in December. 1843, and engaged in the prac- 
tice of law at Middlebury, Vermont; was Second 
Comptroller of the United States Treasury from 
Septemlier, 1851, to May, 18.53; wa.s a member of the 
Vermont Constitutional Convention in 1870; was 
elected President of the .Vmerie;in Bar Association 
in 1880; became Professor of I>aw in Yale College in 



390 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



1881; received the honorary degree of A. M. from 
Yale <_ol!ege, and the degree of LL.D. from Middle- 
bury College; in April, 1885, was appointed, liy 
President Cleveland. Envoy Extraordinary and Min- 
ister Plenipotentiary of the United States to Great 
Britain. 

Phelps, Elisha; was a native of Simsbury, Con- 
necticut; born in November, 1779; graduated at Yale 
College in 18UU, and studied law at Litchfield; veas 
several times a member of the House of Representa- 
tives and of the Senate of his native State; was 
Speaker of the House of Kepre.-^entatives in the \ 
Legislature in 1821 and 1829; was a Representative ' 
in Congress from Connecticut from 1819 to 1821, and 
also from 1825 to 1829: was Comptroller of the State 
from 1830 to 1834; in 1K35 was appoinv>d one of the 
Commissioners to revise the statutes of Connecticut. 
Died at Simsbury, in April, 1847. 

Phelps, James; was born at Colebrook, Con- 
necticut, January 12, 1822; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1845; was several times a 
member of the Connecticut Legislature; was elected, 
by the tfeneral Assembly, one of the Judges of the 
Supreme Court for the Constitutional term of eight 
years; was re-elected in 1871; in 1873 was elected a 
Judge of the Supreme Court of Errors, which office 
he held when elected a Representative from Con- 
necticut to the Forty-fourth Congress; was re-elected 
to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sLxth, and Forty-seventh 
Congresses; declined a re-nomination. 

Phelps, John Smith ; was born in Simsbury, 
Hartford County, Connecticut, December 22, 1814; 
was educated at Washington (now Trinity) College, 
Hartford, Connecticut, and studied law in the office 
of his father, Elisha Phelps; practiced law a short 
time in his native State; in 1837 emigrated to Mi.^- 
siiuri, and settled at Springfield, Greene County, 
mar which town he now resides; in 1840 was chosen 
by the XJeople of Greene County to represent them in 
the Legislature; having been appointed Brigade-In- 
spector in 1841, has since borne the title of Major; 
in 1844 was elected a Representative to the Twenty- 
ninth Congress, serving in that position until the 
close of the Thirty-sixth Congress, and was a member 
of the Select Committee of Thirty-three on the Re- 
bellious States; was also re-elected to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress; served as Colonel of Volunteers in 
1861; in 1862 was appointed, by President Lincoln, 
Military Governor of Arkansas; during the Thirty- 
fifth Congress was Chairman of the Committee on 
Ways and Jleans, and generally served on important 
Committees; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"National Union Convention" of 1866; in 1867 was 
appointed a Commissioner to settle the War Claims 
of Indiana; in 187ti was elected Governor of Mis- 
Bouri; in June, 1882, was tendered a position as 
member of the Tarifl' Commission, but declined to 



Phelps, Launcelot ; was born in Connecticut; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1835 to 1839. 

Phelps, Oliver ; was bom at Windsor, Connecti- 
cut, in 1749; received a mercantile education at Suf- 
field, Connecticut; engaged in business at GranvUle, 
Massachusetts; during the Kevolutitm was in the 
Commissary Department of that State; in 1788 pur- 
chased, with Nathaniel Gorham, of the State of Mas- 
sachusetts, a tract of two million two hundred thou- 
sand acres ol laiul, in the Genesee Country, New York, 
now the Cotiuties of Steuben and Ontario; opened 
the first land office in .America, at Canandaii;\ia. and 



his system became the model for all subsequent sur- 
veys; in 1795, was one of the purchasers of the West- 
ern Reserve, in Ohio, comprising three million three 
hundred thousand acres; afterwards removed to Can- 
andaigoa; represented that district in Congress from 
1803 to 1805; was a Judge of the Circuit Court; his 
principal associate in the Western Keser\ e purchase 
was one William Hart ; he had a son who was a mem- 
ber of the New York Legislature from Ontario County 
in 1834; as a man of enterprise, his re])Utation was 
very extensive. Died in Canandaigua, February 21, 
1809. 

Phelps, Seth L.; was born in Ohio; was educated 

at the United States Naval Academy, at .\nnapolis. 
Jlaryland. and was commissioned a Midshipman in 
the United States Navy; served tliroughout the War 
of the Rebellion, rising to the rank of Captain ; in 1865 
resigned' his commission and entered the service of 
the Pacific Mail Steamship Company ; resided in 
China, .lapan and Mexico for several years in this 
connection; became Vice-President of the Company; 
resigned in June, 1878, to accept the appointment of 
Commissioner of the Disliii-t of Columbia; in 1883 
was appointed, by President Arthur, Envoy Extraor- 
dinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United 
States to Peru. Died, at his post, shortly after enter- 
ing upon the discharge of his duties. 

Phelps, Samuel S.; was born in Litchfield, Con- 
necticut, May 13. 171(3; graduated at Yale College in 
1811 ; while studying law in 1812, entered the Ameri- 
can army; before the close of his military career was 
appointed Paymaster; settled in Middlebury, and 
practiced law; in 1827 was a member of the Council 
of CeiLsors, and wrote the address issued by that 
body; in 1831, was chosen a member of the Legisla^ 
tive 'Council of Vermont, and was soon afterwards 
appointed Judge of the Sujireme Court of the State, 
in which position he remained until 1838; was a Sen- 
ator in Congress from 1839 to 1851, in which body he 
displayed abilities of a high order; in January, 1853, 
was appointed to the Senate in the place of William 
Upham, deceased, and served untU October, 1854. 

Phelps, Timothy G.; was bom in New York; 

removing to California. w;l-5 elected a Representative 
from that State to the Thirty -seventh Congress. 

Phelps, William W.; was born in Oakland 
County, ilichigan, June 1, 1826; graduated at the 
University of Michigan in 1846; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in ISl"*; edited a Democratic 
newspaper, in Oakland County, from 1851 to 1855; 
in 1852 and 1853 held the office of Commissioner for 
his native county, performing the duties of Judge at 
Chambers; in 1854 was appointed, by President 
Pierce, Register of the United States Land OlEce at 
Red W'ing, in Minnesota; in 1857 was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Slinnesota to the Thirty-fifth Con- 
gress, and was a member of the Committee on Slile- 
age; in 1860 assumed the editorship of the Red Wing 
ScHtinel. 

Phelps, ■William "Walter; was bom in New 

York, August 24, 1839; graduated at Yale College in 
1800; pursued his studies in Europe, and later at 
Columbia College, New York; entered upon the 
practice of law; was a Director of the National City, 
and Second National Banks of New York, the United 
States Trust, and Farmers' Loan and Trust Com- 
panies; also in various railroad companies; was made 
Fellow of Yale College in 1872; was elected a Repre- 
sentative to the Forty -third Congress; was a Delegate 
to the Republican National Convention of 1880; was 
appointed United .-states Minister to Austria in 1881, 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



391 



but resigned m a iVw months; was elected a Kepie 
sentative from New Jersey to tlie F'orty-eighth Con- 
gress: was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Philips, John Finis; was born in Boone County. 
Missouri. December 31, 1834; was educated at the 
State University of Missouri and Centre College in 
Kentucky, graduating at the latter institution in 
1855; studied law. and began to practice in George- 
town, Missouri, in 1857; was a member of the Stati 
Convention, in 1860, to determine the relations of the 
State and Federal Government; served tlie lioveri 
ment as Colonel of a Kegimentof Cavalry throughout 
the Civil War; a part of the time was Brigade Com- 
mander; was promoted to Brigadier-General, by the 
Governor, in 18(i4. but refused confirmation by the 
.State Senate on political grounds; at the close of the 
war resumed the practice of law; in 1868 was a Del- 
egate to the National Convention at New York; on 
his return home was nominated for Congress, but 
was defeated through mob violence; in 1874 was 
elected a Representative from Missouri to the Forty- 
fourth Congress; was elected to the Forty-sixth Con- 
gress, in January. 1880, to fill the vacancy caused by 
the death of A. M. Lay. 

Phillips, Henry M.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was elected a Representative from that 'State to the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, and was a member of the Com- 
mittee on Finance. 

Phillips, John ; was born in Chester County, 
Pennsylvania; was a Representative in Congress from 
Pennsylvania from 1821 to 1833. 

Phillips, Philip ; was born in Charleston, Soutli 
Carolina, December 13. 1807; was educated at the 
Norwich Military Academy, in Vermont, and at 
Middletown, Connecticut; in 1825 commenced the 
study of law in Charleston, and on the day after at- 
taining his majority was admitted to the bar; en- 
tered public life by becoming a member of the '' Nul- 
lification Convention," in 1832, and voted with the mi- 
nority ; in 1834 waselected, for two years, to the State 
Legislature; resigned in 1835; removed to Mobile, 
Alabama, and practiced his profession with success; 
in 1 ■^37 was elected President of the Alabama "Dem- 
ocratic State Convention''; in 1844 was elected to 
the I egislature, and was Chairman of the Committee 
on Federal Relations; in 1849 was President of an 
" Internal Improvement Convention"; in 1851 was 
again elected to the Legislature; in 1852 went to the 
" Baltimore Convention"; was a Representative in 
CVingress from Alabama, from 1853 to 1855, and de- 
clined a re-election; engaged in the practice of his 
profession at Washington, District of Columbia. 
Died there, January 14, 1884. 

Phillips, Stephen Clarendon; was born at 
Salem. JIa.ssachusetts, November 1. 1801; graduated 
at Harvard University in 1819, with high honors; 
began to study law, but soon became a merchant; 
from 1824 to 1829. by annual re-elections, was chosen 
a Representative in the State Legislature; from 1830 
to 1831 was State Senator; in 1832 and 1833 was 
again a member of the House; from 1834 to 1838 rep- 
resented Massachusetts in Congress; from December, 
1838, to March, 1842, was Mayor of Salem, and upon 
his voltmtary retirement devoted the whole of his 
salary aa Mayor to the public schools of the city; in 
1840 was one of the Presidential electors for Massa- 
chusetts; in 1848 and 1849 was the Free-soil Candi- 
date for Governor; held various State and j>rivate 
trusts, in the discharge of which, by his ability, sa- 
gacity, experience, and integrity, he rendered sigmd 
Bervice; was, for many jeaiv;. a member of the State 



Board of Education, and a Trustee of the .-^tiite Luna- 
tic Hospital at Worcester; retired from public life in 
1849, and was extensively engaged in the lumber 
business; was lost by the burning of the steamer 
.Vonlreal, on the St. Lawrence River, June 26, 1857, 
while returning from Quebec, whither he had been 
on business. 

Phillips, WUliam A. ; was born in Paisley, 
Scotland, January 14, 182(i; came to the United 
States in 1838; practiced law and edited a newspaper 
until 1855; went to Kansas as a writer for the New 
York Tribuiu-; entered the army ;is Major in 1861; 
commanded an Indian regiment during the war in 
the West; was a member of the State Legislature of 
Kansiis; was elected to the Forty-third Congress and 
re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Public Lands; re-elected to the 
Forty-fifth Congress. 

Phillips, William F ; was born in Virginia; in 
1853 was appointed from that State Sixth Auditor of 
the Treasury, remaining in office tintil 1857. 

Philson, Robert; was born in Donegal, Ireland; 
was a Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania 
trom 1819 to 1821. 

Phister, Elijah Conner; was born atMaysville, 

Kentuckj-, October 8, 1822; graduated at .\ugusta 
College, Kentucky, in 1840; studied law, and com- 
menced practice in 1844; was Jlayor of Maysville in 
1847 and 1848; was elected Circuit Judge in 1856 
and served six years; was a Representative in the 
State Legislature from 1867 to 1871; was elected a 
li'epresentative from Kentucky to tie Forty-sixth 
and Forty -seventh CODgre.sses; declined a re-nomina- 
tion. 

Phoenix, J. Phillips; was born in Morristown, 
New Jersey; was for many years a leading merchant 
in New York City; served several years in the Coun- 
cils of the city; was a Representative in Congress 
from New Y'ork from 1--43 to 1845; was a member of 
the State Assembly in 1848, from New York City; 
was again in Congress from 1849 to 1851, serving as 
Chairman of the Comiuittee on Commerce; in 1841 
was a Presidential Elector. Died, suddenly, in New 
York, May 4, 1859. at an advjmced age. 

Pickens, Andre^xr J. ; was born at Paxton, 
Pennsylvania, September 19, 1739; removed with his 
lather, in 1752, to the Warsaw Settlement, in South 
Carolina; served as a volunteer in Grant's expedition 
against the Cherokees, and was an active military 
partisan during the Revolution; was a member of the 
State Legislature from the close of the war until 1793, 
when he was elected a Representative in Congress 
from 1793 to 1795; in 1795 was commissioned Major- 
Generalof the South Carolina Militia, and was fre- 
quently a Commissioner to treat with the Indians; it 
was his son who was Governor of the State from 1816 
to 1817. Died in Pendleton District, South Carolina. 
August 17, 1817. 

Pickens, Francis W.; was born at Togadoo, 
St. Pauls Parish, South Carolina, April 7, 1807; 
was educated at South Carolina College; admitted t« 
the bar in 1829, and began to practice at Edgefield 
District; in 1832 was a member of the State Legisla- 
ture, and took part in the Nullification excitement; 
was a Representative in Congress from 1835 to 1845; 
in 18:!6 made a speech opposing the right of Con- 
gress to abolish slavery in the District of Columbia; 
in 1844 was elected to the State Senate; was a mem- 
ber of the Nashville Southern Convention in 1850 
and 1851 ; presided over the State Convention in 1854; 



3-2 



BlOtiKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



was a delegate to the Convention at Cincinnati in 
18"i6; was Minister to Eussia Iroin 1857 to ISiiH; 
wlien South Carolina seceded from the Union was 
chosen Governor of the State; demanded the sur- 
render of Fort Sumter by General Anderson, and 
took an active part in tlie Rebellion; was a planter, 
and gave much attention to scientific agriculture. 
Died at Edgefield, .Tanuary 25, 1869 

Pickens, Israel; wiis born in Cabarus County. 
North Carolina; served one year in the State Legis- 
lature; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1811 to 1617, in which year he was appoint- 
ed Register of the Land Office of Mississippi Territor;)- ; 
on removing to Alaliama was elected Governor of 
that State iu 1821: iu 1H26 was a Senator in Congress 
from Alabama. 

Pickering-, John ; was born at Newington, New 
Hampshire, September 22, 1737; graduated at Har- 
vard University in 1761; was a lawyer and jurist; a 
member of the" Convention whicli framed the Consti- 
tution of New Hampshire: iu 1787 was elected a 
member of the Convention which framed tlie Federal 
Constitution, birt declined, was a Judge of the Su- 
preme Court of New Hampshire from 17IIU o 1795. 
and was at one time Chief .Tustice; was subseciuently 
.Tudge of the United States District Court for New 
Hampshire, but his r<;is()n became impaired and he 
was removed from oliice iu 18114. Died at Ports- 
mouth, April 11, 18'l5. 

PickerinsT, Timothy ; was born in Salom, Mas- 
sacluisetts, .lidy 1;. 1715; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1763, and after the usual couise of profe.s- 
sioiial' studies, was admitted to the practice of the 
law; when the dissensions between the mother coun- 
try and our own commenced, he became the cham- 
pion and leader of the Whigs of the <iuarter where he 
lived ; was a member of the Committees of Inspec- 
tion and Correspoulence. and bore the entire Inirden 
of writing; the addrc.-;ses which, in 1774, the inhab- 
itants of Salem, m full town meeting, voted to Gov- 
ernor Gage, on the occasion of the Boston I'ort Bill, 
proceedcil from his pen; a part of it, dischiimingany 
wish on the pirt of the inhab t'.ints of Salem to profit 
by the closing of the port of Boston, is quoted by 
lir Ramsay, in his history of the .Vmerican K'evolu- 
tion; in April, 1775, on rcrciving intelligence of the 
battle of Lexington, he marched with a regiment, of 
which he was at the time Commander, to Charles- 
town, but had not an opportunity of coming to ac- 
tion; before the close of the same year, when the pro- 
visional government was organizing, was apjiointed 
one of the .lodges of the Court of ('ommnii I'leas for 
Ks-sex, his native county. :ind sole .lodge of tlic Mari- 
time ('ourt for tlie Middle District, coiiipieliending 
Boston, Salem, and the other ports in Essex; tlie.se 
ofiiees he held until he accepted an appointment in 
the army; in 1777 was named .Adjutant-General, by 
Wa-shingtiin, and joined the army, then at Middle- 
brook. New .ler.si-y; continued with the Commander- 
in-Chief until the American forces went into winter 
quarters at Valley ^'orge, having been present at the 
battles of Ihandy wine and Gerniantown; then pro- 
ceeded to discharge the duties of a member of the 
Continental Board of War, to which he had been 
elected by Congress; in this station he remained un- 
til he was appointed to succeed General Greene in 
the office of C^iiartermaster-Cjeneral, wliich he re- 
tained during the residue of the war, and in whi<'h 
he contributed much to the sunendcr oi Cornwallis 
at Yorktown; from 179U to 1794 was cliarged b.' 
President Washington, with several negotiations 
with the Indian nations on our frontiers; in 1791 was 
made Po.stmastei-Geueial; in 1794 removed fnim that 



station to the Secretaryship of War, on the resigna- 
tion of General Knox; in 1795 was appointed Secre- 
tary of State in the placeof Edmund Randolph; from 
that office he was removed, by President Adams, in 
1800; attheend of the year 1801 returned to Massachu- 
setts; in 1803 the Legislature of that State elected 
him a Senator in Congress, for the residite of the 
term of Dwiglit Foster, who had resigned, and in 
1805 re-elected him to the same station for the term 
of six years; after its expiration, in 1811, was chos- 
en, by the Legislature, a member of the Executive 
Council; during the War of 1812 was appointed a 
member of the Board of War for the dtfense of the 
State; in 1814 was returned to Congress, and held his 
seat irntil March, 1817; then finally retired to private 
life. His death took place January 29. Is29. In 
public life he was distinguished for energy, ability, 
and disinterestedness; as a soldier he was bra\c and 
patriotic, and his writings bear ample testimony to 
his talents and information; he was one of the leaders 
of the Federal party of the United States. In 1867 
his life was published by his son Octavius. 

Pickering, William; was born in England; 
emigrated to Illinois: in 1861 was appointed from 
that State Governor of the Territory of Washing- 
ton, residing in Olj'mpia, serving in office until 
1867. 

Pickett. James C, was born in Fauquier Coun- 
ty. Viigiiii:i, February 6, 1793; removed, with his 
parents, to Mason County, Kentucky, in 1796; re- 
ceived a superior education, and was fitted for public 
service at an early age; in the War of 1812 was an 
officer in the United States Artillery; served also in 
the army from 1818 to 1821; resigned, and returned 
to Ma.son County, where he commenced the practice 
of law; was editor of the Jfnysiillc Eui/lc in 1815; 
was a member of the Legislature in 1822; Secretary 
of the State from 1825 to 1828; was Secretary of 
Legation to Columbia from 1829 to 1833; a portion 
of that time acted as Ch(trc/e d'AJfuins; was Commis- 
sioner of the United States Patent Office in 1835; was 
Fourth Auditor of the Treasury from 1835 to 1833; 
was Minister to Ecuador in 1838; Charge d' Affaires 
to Peru from 1838 to 1845, was, for a few years, 
editor of the Cnnijressioiuil Glabe, at Washington, in 
which city he died July 10, 1872. 

Pickett, John C; was born in Virginia; in 1836 
was appointed Fourth Auditor of the Treasury, re- 
maining in office until 1838. 

Pickman, Benjamin ; was born in 17G3; grad- 
uated at Cambridge,in 1784; visited Europe; on his 
return studied law, though admitted to the bar, 
abandoned the profession, devoting himself to mer- 
cantile pursuits; ini- 1800 was elected to the State 
Legislature; was elected a State Senator, and was re- 
elected a number of years; in 1817 became a member 
of the F.M'ciitive Council; was a Representative in 
Congress from 1809 to 1811; in 1820 was a mem- 
ber of the Convention for revising the State Constitu- 
tion; also held many other offices of trust and honor. 
Died at Salem, Massachu.setts, in August, 1843. 

Pidcock, James Nelson ; was born at Wliite 
House, llnnterdiiu County, New Jersey, February S, 
1836; received a district school education; was en- 
gaged in civil engineering from 1850 to 1857; in 1K>7 
became a farmer and dealer in live stock; was State 
Senator from 1877 to 188U; in 1884 was elected a 
Rciiresentative from New Jersey to the Fort} -ninth 
Congress. 

Pierce, Benjamin ; was born at Clemsford, Mas- 
saehusetta, December 25, 1757; his early years were 





•/^^iSi^ 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



:!93 



spent on a farm; joined the Revolutionary Army 
after the battle of Lexington, and remained in it 
through the var; was at Bunker Hill and Bemis 
Heights; served as Ensign, Lieutenant, and Brigadier- 
General; from 1789 to 18(12 was a member of the 
General Council; Chancellor from 1803 to 1809, and 
again from I81t to 1818; was High Sheriff from 1809 
to 1814. and again from 1818 to 1823; w;is Governor 
from 1827 to 182!). Died at Hillsborough, New 
Hampshire, April 1, 1839. He was the lather of 
Franklin Pierce, President of the United States. 

Pierce, Benjamin ; was born in Salem. Massa- 
chusetts, April 4, 1809; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1829; after teaching school in Xorthamp- 
ton. was appointed tutor in mathematics at Cam- 
bridge in 18:!1; Professor of Mathemathics and 
Natural Philo,sophy in 1833; was Perkin's Professor 
of .Vstronom.v from 1842 to 1847; was Consulting 
Astronomer to "The American KrUi:.i.ris an<l 
.Nautical Almanac " from its establislAment in 184!); 
was a member of the Royal Society of London from 
18.32; President of the American Institution for the 
.Vdv.ancement of Science in 1853; one of the Council 
wliich established Dudley Observatory in 1H')'>-. Super- 
intendent of the United States Coast Survey from 
18ii7 to 1874; was a contributor to several scientific 
journals; published several valuable text-books from 
1831) to 1846; "Treatise on Analytic Mechiinics"; 
"Associative Algebra": "Theory of the Tails of 
Comets"; methods of investigating terrestrial longi- 
tudes in the " K'eport of the Superintendent of Coast 
Survey " ; also " Criterion for the Rt-jection of Doubt- 
ful Observations"; discovered and announced the 
fluidity of Saturn's rings in 1851; prepared a volume 
of lunar tables for the Nautical Almanac; received 
the degree of LL.D. from the University of North 
Carolina in 1847. 

Pierce, Charles W.; was born in New York in 
1823; was a Lieutenant in the Illinois Volunteers 
soon after the conimencement of the Rebellion ; set- 
tled in Alabama in 1807; in 1868 was elected a Rep- 
resentative from that State to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on the Interior Dep.art- 
ment. 

Pierce, Franklin ; was born in the town of 
Hillsboro, New Hampshire, in 1804; after complet- 
ing his academic studies, entered Bowdoin College, 
Maine; on leaving college, commenced his legal 
studies at Northampton, JIassachusetts, but subse- 
quently returned to his native State, and finished his 
studies at Amherst; was admitted to tlie bar, and 
commenced the practice of his profession in his native 
town; before the eud of two years was elected a Rep- 
resentative in the State Legislature, and during his 
S(>oond year's service was chosen Speaker of the 
House; in 1832 was elected a Representative from 
New Hampshire to the Twenty-tliird C'ongi-e.ss; in 
1831 was re-elected U> the Twenty-fourth Congress; 
in 1837 was elected a member of the United States 
Senate; after live years' service in that body, re- 
Bigned his seat: settled in Concord, New Hampshire, 
and resumed practice at tlie b:ir; adhered to his 
resolution of a<;cei)ting no political oflice. refusing to 
be a candidate for Governor of the State, or United 
States Senator, and declining the offices nf .Attorney- 
General and Secretary of War, which weie tcnden'd 
him by President Polk; on the breaking out of the 
Mexican War, however, he enrolled himself as a 
private soldier in the New England Regiment, but 
President Polk sent him a Colonel's commission. :ind 
snb.sequently, in March, 1847, raised him to the rank 
of Brigadier-General; was in most of the battles 
which were fought between A'era Crn^ an<l the City 



of .Mexico; on the restoration of peace between the 
two countries, resigned his commission and returned 
home, where he remained, comparatively unobserved, 
until 1852, when he was nominated as the Demo- 
cratic candidate for the Presidency; was elected 
President of the United States in November, 1852; 
was inaugurated March 4, 1853, and served to the 
end of his term, after which he retired to private 
life. The best biography of him was written by bis 
personal friend, Nathaniel Hawthorne. Died in Con- 
cord, New Hampshire, October 8, 1869. 

Pierce, Gilbert A.; was born in Cattaraugus 
County, New York, January 11, 1838; settled in 
Porter County, Indiana, in 1856; entered the Law 
Dep;irtment of the University at Chicago in 1859, and 
remained until the fall of 1860, when he was admit- 
ted to the bar, and opened a law office at Valparaiso, 
Indiana; enlisted as a private in Company H., Ninth 
Indiana Volunteers, in April, 1861, and was elected 
Second Lieutenant; was appointed a Captain and 
Brig;ule Quartermaster, b,y President Lincoln, May 
3, jsul; in the fall of 1862 was promoted a Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel, and assigned to duty as Chief Quarter- 
master of the Thirteenth Army Corps, then stationed 
in Texas; in 1864 was made Colonel and Inspector; 
resigned October 5, 1865, and resumed the practice of 
law iit Valparaiso. Indiana; in 1868 was elected a 
Representative in the Indiana Legislature; in 186!) 
was appointed one of the Financial Clerks of the 
United States Senate, whicli position he resigned in 
18~2 to accept an editorial position on the Chicago 
Inter-Ocean; was made managingeditor of that paper 
in 1876, and remained in editorial charge until 1881, 
when he was tendered, and accepted, the position of 
Chief Editorial Writer on the Chicago Daili/ News; 
was the author of- the Dickens Dictionary, issued by 
.lames R. Osgood, Boston, and of two novels of a 
political character, as well as a number of pla.ys; in 
June, 1884, was appointed, by President Arthur, 
Governor of the Territory of Dakota. 

Pierce, Henry Lillie; was born at Stoughton, 
Massaihusetts, August 23, 1825; received a thorough 
English education; was a manufacturer; was a mem- 
ber of the State House of Rei)resentatives in 1860, 
1861, 1862, and 1866; w.as an Alderm.an of the city 
of Boston in 1870 and 1871; was Ma.yor of Boston in 
1873; was elected a Representative liom Massachu- 
setts to the Forty-third Congress to fill a vacancy; in 
1874 was elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Levees. 

Pierce, Joseph ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New Hampshire during the years 1801 and 
1802. 

Pierce, Ray Vaughn ; was bom in Stark, Her- 
kimer County, New York, August 6, 1840; received a 
common school education; studied medicine, gradu- 
ating in 1863; practiced at Titusville, Pennsylvania, 
until 1867. when he removed to Buffalo, New York, 
and established an infirmary': was elected to the State 
Senate in 1877; resigned in 1879; in 1878 was elected 
a Representative from New York to the Forty-sixth 
Congress. 

Pierce, Rice A.; was lx>rn :it Dresden, Tennes- 
see, July 3, 1843; received an academic education; 
studied law. and was admitted to the bar at Raleigh, 
North Carolina, in 1868; in 1809 commenced the 
practice of law at Union City, Tennessee: in 1874 
was elected District Attorney-General of the Twelfth 
Judicial Circuit of the State; in 187s was re-elected 
for the full term of eight years; in 1-^-^2 was elected a 
Representative from Tennessee to the Forty-eighth 
Congress. 



394 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Pierce, Robert B. F.; was bom at Laurel, In- 
diana, February 15, 1843; served in the Union Arm3' 
during the War of the Rebellion; graduated at Wa- 
bash CoUege in 1866; studied law; entered upon its 
practice at Crawfordsville, Indiana, in 1867; was 
Prosecuting Attorney from IbtiS to 1874; in 1880 was 
elected a Representative from Indiana to the Forty- 
seventh Congress. 

Pierce, ■William; served in the Revolntionary 
War as an Aid-de-camp to General Greene, and for 
his services a sword was presented to him by the old 
Congress; was a Delegate from Georgia to the Conti- 
nental Congress; was a member of thi- Convention 
which framed the Federal Constitution; whUe in 
Congi-ess wrote his impressions of the men who served 
in that body, which were long afterwards published 
in a Savannah paper. 

Pierpont, Francis H. ; was a native of Vir- 
ginia; was Governor of that State from 1864 to 1868. 

Pierrepont, Edwards ; was born in North 
Haven, ('unnecticut, March 4, 1817; graduated at 
Yale College in 1837, and at the New Haven Law 
School; practiced law in Columbus, Ohio, from 1840 
to 1845, and subsequently in Xew York City, where 
he became eminent in his profession; was Judge of 
the New York Supreme Court from 1857 to ISHO; in 
1862 was made a member of the Military Commission 
for the trial of prisoners of State; was a member of 
the State Constitutional Convention of 1867; was 
United States Attorney for the Southern District of 
New York from 186!i to July, 1870; was a Democrat 
in 1861, but became a Republican, and supported 
the re-election of Mr. Lincoln; also aided in the 
election of General Grant; was appointed, by Iiim. 
Attorney-General of the United States, May 15, 1875; 
was one of the prosecuting counsel in the trial of 
Surratt for the assassination of President Lincoln; 
did much by his pen to expose the corruptions of the 
Government; was an active member of the "Com- 
mittee of Seventy''; was, for several years, identi- 
fied with the Texas and Pacific Railroad; in 1876 
was appointed Envoy Extraordinary and Minister 
Plenipotentiary of the United States to Great Britain. 

Pierson, Isaac ; w.a,s born in New Jersey. Au 
gust 15, 1770; was edaaited at Princeton College, 
graduating in 1789; was snb.sequently a fellow of the 
College of Surgeons and Physicians of New York; 
practi<-ed medicine for forty years; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from New Jersey from 1827 to 1831. 
Died in New Jersey, September 22, 1833. 

Pierson, Jeremiah H. ; was bom in Essex 
County, New Jersey; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1821 to 1823. 

Pierson, Job; was a Representative in Congress 
from Xew York from 1831 to 1835. Died April 9. 
1860, aged sixty-nine years. 

Pike, Austin F.; was bora at Hebron, New 
Hampshire, October 16, 1819; received an academit 
education; studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1845; was a member of the New Hampshire House 
of Representatives in 1850, 1851, 1852, 1865, and 
1866, and Speaker during the last two years; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1852; was a member of the 
New Hampshire Senate in 1857 and 1858, and w.as 
President of the Senate in the latter year; was a Del- 
egate to the Philadelphia Convention of 1856; was 
Chairman of the Repul)liean State Committee in 1858 
and 1859; was elected a Representative from New 
H.impshire to the Forty-third Congress; in 1883 was 



elected a United States Senator from New Hampslrire 
for the term of six years from March 4, 1883. Died 
October 8, 1886. 

Pike, Frederick A.; was bom at Calais, Maine, 
where he always resided; was, for several years, a 
member of the Maine Legislature, serving one term 
as Speaker of tlie House of Eepresentati^es; adopted 
the profession of the law; was, for several years, At- 
torniyfor the county in which he lived; in 1860 was 
elected a Representative from Maine to the Thirty - 
seventh Congress, serving on the Committee on Naval 
Aftairs; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on Expendi- 
tures in the State Department, and a member of the 
Committee on Naval Attairs; was re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on his old commit- 
tees, and as Chairman of the Committee on Expenses 
in the State Department; was also a member of the 
National Committee appointed to accompany the re- 
mains of President Lincoln to Illinois, and Chairman 
of the Special Committee on the .Murders in South Car- 
olina; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Keconstrnction as well as on 
his old committees. 

Pike, James ; was born in Salisbury, Jlassachu- 
setts. in November, 1818; was educated at the Wes- 
leyan University, in Connecticut; was a minister in 
the Methodist Episcopal Church from 1841 to 1854; 
was elected a Representative from New Hampshire in 
the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth. Congresses, and 
was a member of the Committee on Enrolled Bills. 

Pike, James S.; was a citizen of Maine; in 18!il 
was appointed Minister Resident to Mexico, where 
he remained until 1866. 

Pile, William A.; was born near Indianapolis, 
Indiana, February 11, 1829; received a good English 
and classical education; was a clergyman of the 
Methodist Epi.sc'opal Church, and a member of the 
Missouii Conference at the commencement of the Re- 
bellion ; in 1861 joined the Missouri Volunteers as 
Ch.aplain; in 1862 had command of a battery of .Artil- 
lery as Captain; was soon after^vards promoted to the 
rank of Colonel of Infantry; in 18 i'.i was appointed a 
Brigadier-General of United Staffs Volunteers; was 
in the .Missouri campaign under General Lyon; was 
with Generals Grant and H.alleck at Corinth; was 
also at Vicksburg and near Mobi'e, and his command 
was the first to break the enemy's line at the rupture 
of Fort Blakely; in 1866 wa.s elected a Representa- 
tive from Missouri to the J''ortieth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Union Pri-soners and Military 
Atfairs, and as Chairman of the Committee on Ivvpen- 
ditures in the Post Office Department; in 1869 was 
appointed Governor of New Mexico; in 1871 was ap- 
pointed Minister Resident to Venezuela. 

Pillsbury, John S.; was born in New Hamp- 
shire, in 18-i7; received a good education; engaged in 
mercantile pursuits; in 1854 removed to Minnesota 
and settled at the Falls of St. Anthony; engaged in 
business as a hardware merchant: was, for twelve 
years, a meml)er of the Minnesota State Senate; in 
1864 was President of the Board of Regents of the 
State University of Minnesota; in 1877 was elected 
Governor of Minnesota, and in 1880 was re-elected, 
serving until January, 1884. 

Pilsbury, Timothy ; was born in Newbury, 
Massachusetlis, April 12, 1789; received a common 
school education; spent two years as a clerk in a 
store, and several subsequent years as a sailor and 
coasting trader, making one trip to Europe as captain 



BlOGBAi'HlCAL ANNALS 



iOS 



of a brig; settled in ilaine; was appointed a member 
of the Executive Council; also served in the State 
Legislature; went from Maine to Ohio, thence to 
Louisiana, and finally to Texas; served a number of 
years in the Senate and House of Representatives of 
Texas, and, when that Republic came into the Union. 
was elected a Representative in Congress from 184() 
to 1849. Died near Danville, Texas, November 23, 
1858. 

Pinckney. Charles; was bom in Charleston, 
South Carolina, in 1758; was a patriot in the Revolu- 
tionary struggle: was taken prisoner, and sent to St. 
Augustine, Florida; served in the Provincial Legis- 
lature; was a member of the Provincial Congress in 
1785; received the degree of LL.D. from Princeton 
College in 1787; in the same year was a Delegate to 
the Convention which framed the Constitution of the 
United States, and signed that instrument; was Pres- 
ident of the State Convention which ratified the Fed- 
eral Constitution; was Governor of South Carolina 
from 1789 to 1792, and from 1796 to 1798; was a Sen- 
ator in Congress from 1798 to 1801; in 1801 was ap- 
pointed, by President .Jefferson, Jlinister to Spain. 
holding that position until 1805; served in the State 
Legislature in 1810 and 1812; was a Representative 
in Congress from 1819 to 1821. Died Octohcr -.'H, 
1824. 

Pinckney, Charles Cotes'worth ; was born in 
Charleston. South Carolina. February 25, 1746; was 
educated at Westminster and U.xtbrd, England; read 
law at the Temple, London, ami passed nine months 
iu the Royal Military Academy, Caen, France: in 
1769 established himself in Charleston, South Caro- 
lina, in the practice of law: was a member ot the 
first Provincial Conjiicss of South Carolina in 1775; 
was a Captain, and soon after Colonel of the First 
South Carolina Regiment; after the successful de- 
fense of Fort Moultrie, joined the Northern army, 
and was an Aid to Washington at Brandv-wine and 
Germantown; in 177r^ took part in the expedition to 
Florida; in 1779 was President m ilie South Carolina 
Senate; defended ( harleston ayaiust (ieuenrl Provost: 
distinguished himself during t!if invasion of Georgia 
and Savannah; was made primmer in 1780 at the 
surrender of Charleston; after the war resumed the 
practice of law; was a member of the Convention 
which framed the Federal Constitution; declined 
successivel.v the positions of Jud:;c of United States 
Supreme Court, Secretary of War, and Secretary ol 
State, tendered him by President Washington; wiis 
Major-General of State Militia; in 1796 was Min- 
ister to France: was ordered to quit the French Ti i- 
ritory by the French Din^tory, who would in it 
receive conciliatory propositions from the Uniti-d 
States; withdrew to Amsterdam in 1797; on his re- 
turn home was made Major-General; w;is a candidate- 
for the Vice-Presidency in 1800; was the author ol 
the famous sentiment: "Millions for defense, but 
not one cent for tribute." Died in Charleston, Aug- 
ust 16, 1825. 

Pinckney, Henry Laurens : was born iu 
Charleston, South Carolina, September 24, 1794; 
graduated at the South Carolina College in 1812; 
studied law with his brother-in-law, Robert Y. 
Hayne: was admitted to the bar; was a member of 
the" Legislature from 1816 to 1832; was Mayor of 
Charle.ston in 1832, and in 1839 and 1840; was a 
Representative in Congress from South Carolina liom 
1833 to 1837; was subsequently Collector of the Port, 
and a member of the Legislature; was editor of the 
Charle-ston J/e /■(«/•.!/ in 1^^19: was a prominent leader 
in the State Rights party; was the author of " Me- 



moirs of Jonathan Maxey," "Robert Y. Hayne," 
and "Andrew Jackson"; was the son of Governor 
Charles Pincknev. Died in Charleston, February 3, 
1863. 

Pinckney, Thomas ; was born in Charleston, 
South Carolina, October 23, 1750; was educated in 
England with his brother Charles; studied law in the 
Temple, London, England; was admitted to the bar 
in 1770: joining the Continental Army, rose to the 
rank of Major; served as Aid to General Lincoln, and 
afterwards to Count D'Estaing, at the siege of Sa- 
vannah in 1779; distinguished himself in the battle 
at Stone Ferry; was Aid to General Gates, at Cam- 
den, in 1780; during President Washington's admin- 
istration, was offered the position of Judge of the 
United States Court, whicli he declined; was Gover- 
nor of South Carolina from 1787 to 1789; was Min- 
ister to Great Britain from 1792 to 1794; in the latter 
year went on a mission to Spain, where he made tho 
treaty of St. Ildefonso, securing to the United State* 
the free navigation of the Mi.ssissippi; in 1796 re- 
turned to Charleston; was elected a Representative 
in Congre.ss from 1799 to 1801; in 1812 President 
-Madison appointed him to the command of the Sixth 
Military District; his last field service was at the 
battle of Horse-Shoe Bend, where the power of the 
Creek Indians was broken. Died in Charleston, No- 
vember 2. 1828. 

Pindall, James ; was born in Virginia; was a 
Representativi- in Congress from that State from 1817 
til 1S20, wiit-n Ik- resigned. 

Pindar, John S.; was boiu at Sharon. Scho- 
harie County, New York, November 18, 1835; was 
educated in the common schools of the county, and 
at Kichmondville Seminary; in 1854 went to Chi- 
cago, Illinois, and became a clerk iu a store, remain- 
ing there four years; then went to Des Moines, Iowa, 
for one year, and to La Porte, Indiana, for one year, 
after which he resumed his residence in Schoharie 
County, New York : iu 1862 commenced the study of 
law at Lawyersville, Schoharie County; in May, 
1865, was admitted to the bar as an attorney and 
counselor at law; in 1868 was elected the first I'olico 
J ustice of the village of CoblesUill, New Y'ork. serv- 
ing two years: in 1872 was elected Trustee of the 
village, in whi<li iiosition he continued to serve until 
.January, 18?2. wlicn he was elected President of the 
\illage; was, annually, twice re-elected; in lb79 was 
elected President of the Schoharie Union .Vnti-Horse- 
Thief Society, and was annually re-elected; in 1875 
was elected Chairman of the Democratic County Com- 
mittee, in which position he continued by annual re- 
elections; in 1884 was elected a Representative from 
New York to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Pingree, Samuel Everett ; was boru at Salis- 
Itnry. New Hampshire, .\ugust 2. 1832; received a 
common school and academic education, ixs a pre- 
liminary, and graduated from Dartmouth College, in 
the class of 1857; immediately after graduation be- 
gan the study of law with his cousin at Bethel, Ver- 
mont; was admitted to the bar of Windsor County, 
Vermont, in December, 165tl, and at onceentered upon 
tlic |)racticeof law at Hartford, Vermont; in 1861 en- 
listcil in Company F, Third Regiment Vermont Vol- 
unteers, and was elected First Lieutenant; served in 
the Army of the Potomac until his regiment was 
mustered out of service in 18')4, and was successively 
promoted Captain, Major, and Licutenant-Colouel; 
after being commissioned a field orticer, was much of 
the time in command of a regiment, by special as- 
signment: during a part of the winter of 186 ;-64, waa 
m command of the famous First Vermont Brigade; 



396 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



was severely wounded before Yorktown, Virgmia- at 
«,?cfose of his service in the field, ^^^^/TJ^^Zln 
to raise a regiment for the protection ol tl\^^ "' "^^^^^^^ 
border of Vermont against invasion by Confederate 
refugees in Canada, at the time ot the f- Albans 
Raicf" and v^as commissioned Colonel of tt^e jre&i 
menf at the dose of the Civil War, resumed the 
pi" ic: of his profession at Hartford^ Vermon;ws I 
tmcp elected State's Attorney for Windsor County, 
^rmontT^ 1882 was elected L-ntenanVGo^.rn^ 
ofVermont, serving two years; tn 1884 was electe 

Governor of Vermont for a ^7"?, f *^"/^f'K'a - 
188G was appointed Chairman of the Board ot Kau 
road Commissioners of Vermont. 

■Pintnpv ■William: was bom at Annapolis, 
Mfry'a^d'^larl iV ITsl, P-Pare4 Mmself to^ the 
bar under the instruction ot .Judge Cha.se wasaa 
^Sted to practice in 1786, and immediately gave 
Promise of d[;tinction-, was amember ot the Conven- 
Ln which ratified the Federal Constitution; from 
1789 to 1792 was a Representative in Congress; was 
Jhen I member of the Executive Council and made 
it<r President; in 1795 was a member of the State 

was Fiivov- Exfiaordinary to England, and in 18U«, 
Tn the v/ti^n of Mr. Monroe, was made Minister 
KeS-tentiarv: returned to the United States and 
settled in Baltimore in 1811- wa-s soon after a mer^i- 
ber of the State Senate; in December, ISH, ^^^ a 
pointed Attorney-General, and remained in that 
w' tion until 1814: commanded a battalion of rifle- 
fnen nd was wounded at Bladensburg, Maryland, 
ii 4. eust 1814; was a Representative m Congress 
Z ltlf^l816; was then made >Iinisl^r to Russ^ 
-xnd Fnvoy to Naples; on his return, m 1819, wa> 
Xcte a member of the United States Senate, and 
■ oontinued in that station until his death. Februaiy 
o5 1822 He possessed splendid talents, and was one 
ot'the most accomplished oiators and statesmen ot 
his time. 

Pinney, Daniel H.; was born at Albion New 
York June 2 1837: received a common school edu- 
catfo^; removed to Illinois in IK^ii; studied law; was 
adn iUed tothe bar in 1861, and engaged in practice 
was a Representative in the State Legi-slature in 
^876 and 1877; in 1883 was appmuted Associate Jus- 
tice of the Supreme Court of Arizona. 

Piper William; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1811 to 1813. 

Pir,er. William A.; was born in Franklin Coun- 
tv Pennsvlvania, in 1825; at the outbreak of the 
Mexicm AVar, volunteered in the mUitary semce and 
acquitted himself with credit as a soldier- removed 
to^ alifornia in 1S49. while it was yet a Xerritorv 
and settled in San Francisco; in 1874 was elected a 
Kepresentative from California to the Forty-fourth 
Congress. 

Plrce William A.; was born at Scituate, Rhode 
Island February 29, 1824; attended district schools, 
^nd woiT.ed in the mills aid on the farm alternate y, 
nntil eighteen years old; then attended the Smith- 
S^ld Semintry for nine months; after that taught 
school for .about a year; was then employed to take 
char-e of the SimmonsviUe factory store, buying and 
sen Snoods and keeping the books; in 18o4 com- 
menceTthe manufacture of cotton goods on his own 
account and continued in the business until lSb3, in 
t^55 was elected a State Senator: in 18o8, and again 



;„ iRf;9 WIS elected a Representative in the Rhode 
lilnd Legislature; in 186?2 was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Lincoln, Assessor of Internal Revenue for the 
Second District of Rhode Island which position he 
held until the office was abolished in May. 18,3 
then devoted his attention to f"^™^"^;,^"!"?,!'"^^ 
with political and oflicial duties; in 18,9 was 
■,.'iin elected a member of the State House of 
Representatives, and was re-elected in 1880 and 
1881 • in 1882 Was again elected State Senator; was 
Chairman of the Rhode Island Delegation to the Re- 
publican National Convention i'^ 1880, and a mem^ 
ber of the Republican National Committee m 1880 
and 1884: was a member of the Republican State 
Committee for twenty-two years and its Chairman 
for fourteen years; in the District Convention of 
1880 to nominate a candidate for the Forty-seventh 
Conc^ess he had a plurality of votes until the sixty- 
ei.rh'th ballot, when he withdrew his name and nomin- 
ated the successful candidate; in 1884 was elected a 
Kepresentative from Rhode Island to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 



Pitcher Nathaniel; was born at Litchfield, 
Connecticut; was a member of the New York Legis- 
lature in 1806, 1815, 1816, and 1817; jas^ Delegate 
tothe "State Constitutional Convention ot 18„1, 
in 18'>8 was Lieutenant-Governor and Acting Gov- 
ernor of the State; was subsequently Commissioner to 
survev the State roads; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1819 to 1823, and again 
from 1831 to 1833. 

Pitkin Timothy; was bom at Farmington, 
Connecticut, in 1765; graduated a* Yale College in 
1785- was, for several yeai-s, a member ol the fetate 
Le^'islature; was Speaker of the House during five 
sessions- was a Representative in Congress from 
Xto 18T9; in 1816 published a .-Statistical 
View of the Commerce of the United .States," and 
in 18-28 his " Political and Civil Hi.sfory of the United 
States from 1763 to the Close of Washington's Ad- 
ministration." Died in New Haven, December 18, 
1847. 

Pitkin William ; was a native of Connedticut; 
was a member of the Council in 1734; was appointed 
a .hidge of the State Court in 1741 ; was L>eutenant- 
(jovernor and Chief Justice trom l-o4 to 1-66, in 
1754 was one of the Delegates to the Convention at 
\lbinv and was one of the Committee appointed to 
prepare' the plan of Union, which was adopted; 
was (ioveruor of Connecticut from 1'66 to l.faA 
Died in East Hartford, Connecticut, October 1, 
1769. 

Pitman, Charles W.; was born in New Jersey; 
was a Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania 
from 1849 to 1851. 

Pitman John: was born in Rhode Island in 
1784- was, for forty years, Jndge of the United States 
District Court in that State. Died in Providence, 
November 17, 1864. 

-pinicitpd Harris M.; was born in Jeflferscn, 
New nfrnpshfre? November 2, 1828; after hi. boy- 
hood he worked upon his father's^ farm and taught 
school until 1849; graduated at the W aterville Col- 
teJ^ein Maine, in' 1853; afterwards was again con- 
ne^cted with schools; graduated at the Albany Law 
School in 185-.: «u,.« to the bar in 1856, residing m 
Maine; in 1861 entered the Volunteer service as 
Lieutenant-Colonel: a-s Colonel participated in a 
the battles between Yorktown and Malvern Hil , 
commanded a brigade at Charleston; ^'-fj'th Gen- 
eral Grant before Richmond; became a Major-Gcnera) 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



ayi 



by brevet; served two years In the New Hampshire 
Legislature; was a Delegate to the National Re- 
publican Convention of 1868; was Attorney-General 
for Maine from 1873 to 1875; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from that State to the Forty-fourth Con- 
gress, to till the vacancy caused by the death of 
Samuel F. Hersey; was Grovernor of Maine from 1881 
to 1883. 

Plant, David; was a native of Stratford, Co; 
nccticut; graduated at Yale College in 18U4; in 181;; 
and 18'i(J was Speaker of the State House of Repre- 
sentatives; in 1821 a member of the State Senate; 
was twice re-elected; from 1823 to 1827 was Lieuten- 
ant-Governor of the State; from 1827 to 1829 was a 
Representative in Congress from Connecticut. Died 
October 18. 1851. 

Plants, Tobias A.; was born in Beaver County, 
Pennsylvania, March 17, 1811; was self-educated; 
taught school for several years; studied law and came 
to the bar in 1841 ; practiced the profession of the law 
in Ohio; was a member of the Ohio Legislature from 
1858 tolSfJl; in ISHl was elected a Represeutati\ c 
from t)liio to the Thirty -ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Public Expenditures, on Mileage, 
and War Delits < I the Loyal States; was a Delegate, 
to the '• Philadelphia Loyalists' Convention" of 18GG; 
was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress. 

Plater, G-eorgo; was born in Maryland in 1736; 
graduated at "William and Mary College in 1753; 
studied law; was Judge of the Maryland Court of 
Appeals; was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress from 1778 to 1781 ; was President of the Con- 
vention which ratified the Federal Constitution; was 
Governor of Maryland iu 1792. Died at .Viiiiapolis. 
Maryland, February 10, 1792. 

Plater, Thomas; was a Representative in Con- 
gress lium Maryland from 1801 to 1805. 

Piatt, James H., Jr.; was born in i anada, of 
American parents, July 13, 1837; was reared in Bur- 
lington, Vermont; studied medicine; graduated from 
the medical department of the Vermont University 
iu 1S")9; in 1861 raised two companies for the army, 
and entered the service as Captain in the Fourth 
Regiment Vermont Volunteers; was in all the battles 
of the Army of the Potomac; for gallant conduct at 
Fredericksburg, in 1862, was tendered a position on 
the Staff of Major-General Smith; continued as Aid 
and Chief Quartermaster of the Sixth Corps until 
alter the death of Maioi-ficneral Sedgwick; was taken 
prisoner in 18G4; settled iu Petersburg, Virginia, in 
1865; was elected a member of the Constitutional 
Convention of Virginia in 1867; .served in tlie City 
Council of Petersburg; was a member of the Boaid 
of Education for that city; was a Director of the 
Richmond and Petersburg Railroad; w;i.s Presjdentol' 
the People's Savings Bank of Petersburg; was elected 
a Representative to the Forty-first and Forty-second 
Congre,s.se.s, serving on the ( ommittee on Naval .\f- 
fairs, and as Chairman of that on Public Buildings 
and Grounds. 

Piatt, Jonas ; was .ludge of the Supreme Court 
of New York; was a Repre.-sent.itive in Congress from 
New Y'ork from 1799 to ISOl. Died in Peru, Clinton 
County, New Y'ork, in 1834. 

Piatt, Orville H. ; was boru at Wa.shington, Con- 
necticut, July 19, 1827; received an academic educa- 
tion; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1849, 
and commenced practice at Mcriden, Connecticut; 
was Clerk of the State Senate iti 18.55 and 1856; wa.s 
Secret.ar^' of the State in 18.57; was a State Senator 



in 1861 and 1862; was a Representative in the Stat* 
Legislature in 1864 and 1869, servingthelatteryeai aa 
Speaker; was elected a Senator of the United States 
from Connecticut for the term of six years from 
March 4, 1879; in 1885 was re-elected for a second 
term, eudii g March 3, 1891, 

Piatt, Thomas C; was born in Owego, New 
York, July 15, 1833; received an academic education 
in Owego; was a member of Yale College, but with- 
drew on account of ill-health ; followed mereantilebusi- 
ness; was President of the Tioga National Bank, and 
engaged in lumbering in Michig.an; was Clerk of the 
County of Tioga in 1859, 1860, and 1861; was elected 
a Representative from New Y'ork to the Forty-third 
Congress, and re-elected to the Forty -fourth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Post Offices and Post 
Roads; was elected United States Senator from New 
York for the term of six years from March 4, 1881; 
resigned iu June, 1881. 

Piatt, Zephaniah ; was a Delegate from New 
York to the Continental Congress from 1784 to 
1786. 

Pleasanton, Stephen; was born in Delaware; 
in 1317 was appointed Fifth Auditor in the Treasury 
Department, and held the office until his death, 
which occurred in Washington in 1855. 

Pleasants, James; was born in Virginia in 
1769; was a Representative in Congress from 1811 to 
1819; was United States Senator from 1819 to 1822; 
was Governor of \'irginia from 1822 to 1825; was a 
member of the Convention of 1829 and 1830 for 
Amending the State Constitution; was twice ap- 
pointed to tin- licnch, but declined, from a distnistof 
his own qualifications; was a man of rare modesty, 
greatly respected and esteemed for public and private 
virtues. Died iu Goochland County, November 9, 
1836. 

Plumb, Preston B.; was born in De];iware 
County, Ohio, October 12, 1837; received a common 
school education ; became a printer; iu 1856 removed 
to Kan.sas; was a member of the Constitutional Con- 
vention of 1859; was admitted to the bar in 1861; 
was a Representative in the Legislature in 1862; sub- 
sequently Reporter of the Supreme Court of the State; 
later iu that year entered the Union Army as a Lien- 
tenant, and served throughout the war, attaining the 
rank of Lieutenant-Colonel; was again a Representa- 
tive in the State Legislature in 1867 and 1868, serv- 
ing as Speaker in 1867: was elected a Senator of the 
United States from Kansas for the term of six years 
from March 4, 1877; in 1S81 was re-elected for an- 
other term. 

Plumb, Ralph ; was born at Busti, Chautauqua 
County, New York, March 29, 1816; at the age of 
four years was taken, by his parents, to Ohio, set- 
tling at Hartford. Trumbull County; his boyhood 
was passed in the trials and privations incident to a 
life of poverty in a new country; his education was 
gleaned at the country schools and ceased when, at 
the age of fourteen, he became a clerk in a country 
store, in which position he remained for seven years; 
at the age of twenty-one joincil his brother in a mer- 
cantile enterprise in Ashtabtda County, in which he 
remained for years, then returning to his former em- 
ployer as manager and serving as sncli for two yeai-s; 
at the expiration of this pcrioil became a partner in 
the business and so continued i()r twelve years; on 
leaving this business he w:ls, in 1854, elected a Reij- 
resentative in the State Legislature and served thiee 
sessions; during this period slndiid law and was ad- 
mitted to the bar, and, at its close, entered upon the 



898 



BI0G14APHICAL ANNALS. 



practice of the law at Oberlin, Ohio; in 1859, while 
residing here, he. with a number of otliers, was in- 
dicted for violating the fugitive slave law, and was 
imprisoned in the jail of Cuyahoga County for eighty- 
four days, when the force of public opinion caused 
the District Attorney to enter nolle prosequi s in all the 
cases; in 1861 accepted the tender of a commission as 
Captain and Assistant Quartermaster of Volunteers 
in the Union Army, and was ordeied to duty on the 
staflF of General James A. Garfield; after two years of 
field service, was ordered on duty at Lamp nenison, 
Ohio, because of disability, and remained there 
until the close of the war: was then brevetted Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel for long and meritorious service; in 
18G6 removed to Illinois, and, in company with a 
number of capitalists, purchased several thousand 
acres of "wild" coal lands; as Managing Director 
and Secretary and Treasurer of the Syndicate, he de- 
veloped the lands, founded the town of Streator. and 
aided in the building of r.-iilroads which now furnish 
rapid communication in all directions; in 18S2 was 
elected Mayor of Streator without an opposing vote, 
and continued in that office until May, 1885; in 1884 
•was elected a Representative from Illinois to the 
Forty-ninth Congress; he took a great interest in the 
education of the masses, and erected in Streator at 
his own expense, and presented to the city, a high 
school building costing forty thousand dollars. 

Plumer, Arnold; was born in Pennsylvania: 
■was a Representative in Congre.ss from 1837 to 18oi». 
and again from 1841 to 1843; was subsequently ap- 
pointed United States Marshal for the Western Dis- 
trict of Pennsylvania. 

Pltuner, G-eorge ; was born in Allegheny County, 
Pennsylvania; was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania, from 1821 to 1827. 

Plumer, William; was bom at Newbury port, 
Mixssachusetts, June 25, 1759; received a good edu- 
cation; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1787; was, for many years. Solicitor tor the County 
ol Rockingham ; was, for eight years, a member of 
the State Legislature, two years Speaker of the 
House; served as a member and President of the 
State Senate; was a Senator in Congress from 1802 
to 1807; was Governor of New Hampshire in 1813, 
and from 1816 to 1819. Died at Epping, New 
Hampshire, December 27, 1850. 

Plumer, "William; was born at Epping, New 
Hampshire, in 1790; graduated at the Cambridge 
University in 1809; studied law, but never practiced 
the profession; frequently served in the State Legis- 
lature; was a Representative in Congress from New 
Hampshire, from 1819 to 1825; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1820; was a member of the Convention 
to form a new State Constitution in 1850. Died 
September 18, 1854. Was the son and namesake of 
William Plumer, who was a United States Senator 
in 1802. 

Plummer, Franklin E.; was at one time a 
Judge of the Circuit Court of Mississippi; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 
1&;!1 to 1835. Died at Jackson, Mississippi Sep- 
tember 24, 1852. 

Poehler, Henry; was born at Lippe-Detmold, 
Oermany, August 22, 1833; received a common 
school education; emigrated to the United States in 
1848, and settled in Iowa; in 1853 removed to Min- 
nesota; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was elected 
a Representative in the first Legislature of Minne- 
sota after its admission as a State, in 1857 and 1858, 



and again in 18()5; was a State Senator in 1872 and 
1873, and in 1876 and 1877; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Minnesota to the Forty-sixth Con- 
gress. 

Poindexter, George; was born in Loudon 
County, Virginia, in 1779; studied law; in 1802 re- 
moved to the Territory of Mississippi, where he was 
made Attorney-General; was a Delegate to Congress 
from the Territory from 1807 to 1813, when he was 
appointed Federal .Tu<lge of the Territory; was a 
Representative in Congress from 1817 to 1819; was the 
second Governor of Mississippi under the State Con- 
stitution, from 1819 to 1821 ; was a United States 
Senator from Mississippi from 1830 to 1835, serving for 
a time as President pro tetn. of the Senate; lived for a 
time in Louisville, Kentucky, but returned to Missis- 
sippi; published a Revised Code of the Laws of that 
State: killed a merchant named Abijah Hunt in aduel; 
was noted for his ability and bitter partisanship. 
Died in Jackson, Mississippi, September 5, 1853. 

Poinsett, Joel R.; was bom in Statesburg, 
South Carolina, in 1779; spent the most of his youth 
in traveling in foreign countries; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from South Carolina, from 1821 to 
182."); was appointed, by President John Quincy 
Adams, United States Minister to Mexico; was Sec- 
retary of War under President Van Buren; from 1840 
until his death he lived in retirement; he was a man 
of letters, and among other things wrote an interest- 
ing book on Mexico. Died in Statesburg, South 
Carolina, I>ecember 14, 1851. 

Poland, Luke P.; was born in Westford, Chit- 
tenden County, Vermont, November 1, I8l5; received 
a good common school and academic education; com- 
menced the study of law when eighteen years of age. 
and was admitted to the bar in 1836; was Register of 
Probate for Lamoille County, Vermont, in 1839 and 
1840 ; was a member of the State Constitutional 
Convention in 1843; was Prosecuting Attorney for La- 
moille County in 1844 and 1845; in 1848 was elected, 
by the Legislature, one of the Judges of the Supreme 
Cotu't of Vermont, which office he continued to hold 
by anii\i:il elections until November, 1865, when he 
was appointed to fill the vacancy in the United States 
Senate caused by the death of Jacob Collamer, whose 
term would have expired in 1867; just before his ap- 
pointment to the Senate had been re-elected to the 
Supreme Bench, upon whii'- he held the position of 
Chief Justice, to which he was promoted in ISiiO; 
the committees upon which he served in the Senate 
were those on the Judiciary, and Patents and the 
Patent Office; his appointment to the Senate was 
confirmed by the Legislature; was a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866; was* 
subsequently elected a Representative from Vermont 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Elections, as a Regent of the Smithsonian Institu- 
tion, and as Chairman of the Committees on Revision 
of the Laws of the United States, and Unfinished 
Business; was re-elected to the Forty-first, Forty- 
second, and Forty-third Congresses, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committees on the Revision of Laws and 
the Affairs of Arkansas, in 1874 and 1875; was also 
elected a Representative to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress. OuU 7<^ Z.,/f-{-p, 

Polk, diaries ; was born in Kent County, Dela- 
ware, in 1787; served in the .State Senate; was Regis- 
ter of Wills for a long time; was Collector of Customs; 
was twice Go\ .i nor of the State, once by election, 
and once by substitution as Speaker of the Senate. 
Died October 28, 1857. 



/ 




^/£. 



'^ 



oc^ 



.J<^ 



-i^^ 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



.i9S 



Polk, James Knox ; was boin in Mecklenburg 
Conuty, North Carolina, November 2, 1795; removed, 
with his lather, to Tennessee in 1806, and lived in 
the valley of Duck Ki\er, a branch of the Cumber- 
land; graduated at the University of North Carolina 
in 1815; studied law in Tennessee with Felix Grundy, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1820; was a member 
of the House of Representatives in Congress from 
Tennessee from 1825 to 1839, and was Speaker in that 
body from 1835 to 1837; in 1839 was elected Gov- 
ernor of Tennessee for two years; in December, 1844, 
the Electors chose him President of the United 
States; during his eventful administration the Ore- 
gon question was settled, Texas was annexed, war 
with Mexico was declared, and New Mexico and Cali- 
fornia were acquired. Died at Nashville, Tennessee, 
June 15, 1849. 

Polk, Trusten ; was born in Sussex County, Del- 
aware, May 29, 1811; graduated at Yale College in 
1831; studied law at the Yale Law School; in 1835 
emigrated to Missouri, where he commenced the 
practice of his profession; in 1845, while absent from 
Missouri for the benefit of his health, was elected a 
member of the Convention called to remodel the State 
Constitution; in 1848 was a Presidential Elector; in 
1856 was elected Governor of Missouri, and inaug- 
urated ,Tanuary, 1857. but soon resigned for a seat in 
the United States Senate, to which he was elected 
for a term of six years from March 4, 1857; was a 
member of the Committees on Foreign Affairs, and 
on Claims; was expelled lor disloyalty', Januarv 10, 
1862, 

Polk, "William H.; was born In Maury County, 
Tennessee, May 24, 1815: was educated at Chapel 
Hill, North Carolina, aud the University of Tennes- 
see; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1839; in 1841 and 1843 was elected a Eepresentative 
in the State Legislature; was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Tyler. Charge d' Affaires to N.iples, where he ne- 
gotiated a treaty with the Two Sicilies; served in the 
Mexican AVar as a Major of Dragoons; was a Dele- 
gate to the Nash-iTlle Convention in 1850; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Tennessee from 1851 to 
1853; was a brother of President Polk; was opposed 
to the great EebeUion. Died at Nashville, December 
16, 1862. 

Pollard, 'Henry M.; was bom at Plymouth, 
Vermont, June 14, 1836; received an academic edu- 
<;ation and graduated at Dartmouth College in 1857; 
served in the Union Army during the War of the 
Rebellion ; in 1865 removed to Chillicothe, Missouri, 
and practiced law; was elected to the Forty-fifth Con- 
gress as a Representative from Missouri. 

Pollard, Richard ; was born in Albemarle Coun- 
ty, Virginia; was well educated and fond of military 
.studies; wa.s C/tarf/,_ d'.iffiiircs to ChUi from 1834 to 
1842. Died in Washington, District of Columbia, 
February 19, 1851. 

Pollock, James ; was bom in Pennsylvania; 
graduated at Princeton College in 1831 ; was a Judge 
of the Court of Common Pleas; was a Representative 
in Congress from his native State from 1843 to 1849; 
was Governor of Pennsylvania from 1855 to 1858; 
was a Delegate to the " Peace Congress " of 1861; in 
that year was appointed, by President Lincoln, Di- 
rector of the United States Mint in Philadelphia, 
serving as such until 1867. 

Polsley, Daniel ; was bom near Fairmont, Mar- 
ion County. Virginia, November 28, 1803; received a 
limited education; passed his boyhood on a farm: 



studied law with Philip Doddridge and Henry St. 
George Tucker, and came to the bar in 1827; practiced 
the profession until 1845, when he retired to a farm 
and devoted himself to agricultvire until 1861; was a 
member of the May aud Jtme Conventions of that 
year, held in Wheeling, for re-organizing th(t govern- 
ment of Virginia; was elected Lieutenant-Governor of 
the Stat«, which position he held until West Virginia 
was admitted into the Union; was subsequently 
elected Judge of the Seventh Judicial Circuit for six 
years; in 1866 was elected a Representative from West 
Virginia to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Revolutionary Pensions and Invalid 
Pensions. 

Pomeroy, Charles ; was born in Meriden, Con- 
necticut, September 8, 1825; received a common 
school education; worked, with his liither, as a tin- 
smith, for several years, and then carried on business 
in his own name; removed to Iowa in 18'i5; there 
studied law, and settled in the village of Fort Dodge; 
became President of the National Bank at that place; 
was elected a Representative from Iowa to the Forty- 
tirst Congress, serving on the Committees on Terri- 
tories, and Mines and Mining. 

Pomeroy, Samuel C; was born in Southamp- 
ton, .Massachusetts, January 3, 1816; passed his boy- 
hood on his father's farm; after receiving an academic 
education, entered Amherst College in 1836; spent 
four years in New Y'ork; returned to his native town 
and held various local offices; was elected to the Leg- 
islature of Massachusetts in 1852; in 1854 was en- 
gaged in organizing the New England Emigrant Aid 
Society, and became its financial agent ; removed to 
Kansas in the same year, and participated in its 
aifairs; was a member of the Territorial Defense 
Committee; was a Delegate to the Pittsbtirgh and 
Philadelphia Conventions of 1856, and also to that of 
Chicago in 1860; during the famine in Kansas, was 
Chairman of the Relief Committee; in 1801 took his 
seat in the United States Senate, from Kansas, for six 
years, serving on the Committees on Pensions, Claims, 
Territories, Manufactures, and as Chairman of the 
Committee on Public Lands; in January, 18(i7, was 
re-elected to the Senate for the term ending in ]S73; 
subsequently settled in Washing-ton City, where an 
attempt to assassinate him was made by Martin F. 
Conway, with whom he had a long and bitter politi- 
cal quarrel. 

Pomeroy, Theodore M.; was born in Cayuga. 
New Y'ork, December 31, 1824; graduated at Hamil- 
ton College; adopted the profession of the law; was 
District Attorney for Cayuga Cotmty from 1850 to 
1856; was a member of the State Legislature in 1857; 
was elected a Representative fi-om New York to the 
Thirty -seventh Congress, serving on the Comniittc^e 
on Foreign Aifairs; was re-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving as Chairman of tlie Com- 
mittee on Expenditures in the Post Office Dcimrt- 
ment, and as a member of the Committee on Foreijiii 
Affairs; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Banking and Currency, 
and Unfinished Btisiness; was aiso re-elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, and made Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Banking and Currency; was subsequently 
a Director in the First National Bank of Auburn, 
New York, 

Pond, Benjamin ; served four years in the As- 
sembly of New Y'ork, from Essex County; was a Rep- 
rcseulutive in Congress from that State from 1811 to 
1813; was re-elected. Died in .Tune, 1815, at hia 
residence in Schroon, Essex County, New Y'ork, 



400 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALri. 



Pond C. H.; was elected Lieutenant-Governo. 
of (°nn;ctr;.fin 1853; was subsequently Actanfi 
GoMinor of tlie State for almost one year. 

Ponder James; was bom in Milton. Sussex 
County Delaware, October 31, 1819; i^-n^ed - 
academic education; engaged m mercantile » "-'°^^^^ 
iri l^^fi was elected a Kepresentative to the btate 
Leg slatu7eTi.fT8«4 was ejected State .^enat,. and 
;^ i«fi7 hPM.ne Sneaker of that bod> ; ni t- J wa.s 
'^ected'Go~r oF Delaware for the tenu end.ng >n 
187.^1. 

Pnr.1 Jolm- was born in Fasquotank County, 

North Carolina, but was -^"^ .^''^-l*^^; \"erm end ng 
reelected to the same position, lor the term enuin 
^ 1873 serving on the Committees on Kevolutionaiy 
Clai?ns,' Revil°fn of the United States Laws, and In- 
dian Aflairs. 



Pool Walter F.; was bom near Elizabeth City 
North Carolina, November 10, 1850; ^ ^^^ 
the University of North Carolina toi three jeuis 
studied aw, and was admitted to the bar m 18/3 

■which lie had been elected. 

eminence in the l"-''-«=^'""' ''f^Vellature^^*^^^^^^^ 
c.,rvprl a number of years in the Legi^latuie, ^\ah 
l^^;^deu^^ltUri 1801; was a Se^^^^^^^ 

r^trttSn?,™ e .'ofVafbUTialH^-. 

wasVp'or^d'^^ofeml^oftheTerritoryof^ 

was a Kepresentative in Congress from 183, to 184o. 

Died in Kentucky, July 12, lb4&. 

Pone Nathaniel ; was horn in Louis\ ille, Ken- 
tufkv tnl784; was educated at Transylvania Uni- 
ter^t; -studied the French language ; emigrated to Up- 

til his death, which occurred mlllinoib m 18dO. 

Pope. Patrick H; was -^^P-f °g^f' ^^,^°^t 
gress from Kentucky Ironi 18. .to 1835. 
Louisville, Kentucky, in May, 1841. 

^ 1 4.^v, -Parlpv F ■ was born in Richland 
r.^^t^^'tCo SeptTnb?r59,'l834; was educated at 
Se"^MoWes\eyan University ; studied law and coni- 
theunio wesiB^yo . -, ■ ^ jygj removed to 

menced practice ^^f^^^'jed State Senator in 1870 to 
£f:T:cane;':'w:s^ etted a Representative from 
Ohio to the Forty-fourth Congress. 



o^^^-r Albert G.; was bora in Lawrencelnirg, 
Porter Albert;^, ^^ ^^ ^^,^ .^^Iniry , 

S"sity inl843; studiefl law. and was admi^tted 
to the bar in 1845, 'settling at Iw»'^.»:n'olis; in 18o3 

duties. 

Porter, ALuander J.; «»r^»' "" I'Tail' 
wiS, li nai; came to «» I !">««.?''; J 'S.S 

1821 and served tilteen years, was "j 

iB^i, auu == .„„_. g re-elected m lo4rf, 

^rm-h:aUh1?eve*^ted him Vrom Uking his seat, 
anlhe dTed at Attakapas, Louisiana, January 13, 

1844. 



T, +^^ Ancrnstus S ■ wasbominCanandaigua, 
Porter, Augustus D.,wa ^ ^ union 

tional Union Convention of 18fab. 

Porter Charles H.; was born in Cairo, New 

fs aiullttomey forthe city one year; was am m^ 
' be ot^the Constitutional Conve^ntion of Virginia in 
"".~ 1 lars- was elected a Kepresentative Horn 
v"'-'-°n tfiheXty-first and Forty-Second Con- 
ISXse-i^g on tbt Committee on Revolutionary 

Pensions. 

Porter David; was a citizen of Maryland; in 
18ir^pSl^ed^^^<^., <^4/^^"- ^^'-^^i,- 
183y became Minister Kesidenu. Uiea ai P , 

March 3, 1843. 

porter, I^aviti K.; v.is bom at^ Kl^ajil^g^ 

the State L^'S'^la "fe; wa^ exmely en _ 

ttie manut^ictureo iron wa^ Goveriwr .^ ^^^^^ y 

vania Irom 1839 to ism, ' excitement 

1667. 

1 ^°T' f^^ri7^^ w:: i^^raiiy ^XS; 
li:^irVo;^siIn':>Valawyer,andwasanac- 



BIOGliAPHlCAL ANNALS. 



401 



tive business mau ; was GoTeruor of ilichigan Teiri- 
torr from 1831 to 1834. Died in Detroit, July (i, 
183"4. 

Porter, Gilchrist; was born in Virginia; was a 
iveprescutative in Congre.is from Missouri from 1851 
to 1857. 

Porter, James ; was born in Williamstown, 
Massa*;husetts ; wa.s tlie son of an eminent physician; 
graduated at Williams College; removed to Skane- 
atelcs. New York, where he .studied law and com- 
menced the practice of his profession; was a mem- 
ber of the State Assembly in 1814 ami 1815; was a 
Rejjresentative in Congress from New York from 1817 
to l."5l9; after leaving i'ongress was appointed Regis- 
ter of the Court of Chancery, which office he held 
; until his death, which occurred in .Vlbany. He was 
a man of culture and higli character, and among his 
most intimate friends were such men as Heniy Clay 
a$d Martin Van liiuen. 

Porter, James Davis ; was born at Paris, Ten- 
nessee. December 7, 1828: was educated at the Acad- 
-Miy at Paris and at the University of Nashville, 

leuucssee. where he graduated in 18lt>; studied law; 

v;is adniitte<l to the bar, and entered upon the prac- 
: ice of law in 1851 ; in 1859 was elected a liepresenta- 

ive in the Tcunes.see Legislature; served in tlie Con- 

. lerate Army ihi-oughout the Civil \Varas Chief of 
^talVim the statf of General Cheatham; after the close 
.'I' tlie war. in the tall of 1S(;5, resun\ed the practice 
'I his profc.-^sion; in 1870 was elciti-d a member of 

iie State Constitutional Convention of Tennessee; in 
I lie summer of the same year was elected Circuit 
Judge for the Twelfth .Judicial Circuit of Tennessee; 
resigned in 1874, and in the fall of that year was 
elected Governor of Tennes.«ee, serving until 1879; in 
1880 was Chairman of the Tennessee delegatioii to 
the Democratic National Convention; the same year 
was elected President ot the Nashville. Chattanooga 
and St. Louis Railroad Company; was four times re- 
elected; in March, 1885, was appointed, by President 
Cleveland, Assistant Secretary of State; received the 
degree of LL.D. from the University of Nashville, 
and was a Tr.ustee of that institution; was a member 
of the Board of Trustees of the Peabody Fund; was 
Vice-President of the Tennessee Historical Society 
for West Teiinessee^was a Director in the First Na- 
tional Bank of NashTille, and in the Equitable Fire 
Insurance Company of NaslniUe ; Wiis, for several 
years, a Director in the Tennessee Coal and Iron 
Company. 

Porter, J. DeForest ; was bom in New Y''ork; 
-ittled in Nebraska: in 187:2 was appointed an 
\ssociate Justice of tlic .Supreme Court for the Ter- 
litory of Arizona, residing in .Vrizona City. 

Porter, James Madison ; was born in Selma, 
I'ennsjivania, .ranuary 6, 1793; was educated as a 
lawyer; served as a volunteer in the War of 181-.J; 
was a member of the Pennsylvania Constitutional 
Convention of 18.38, and took an important part in 
the revision of the State Constitution; was appointed 
Secretary of War, by President Tyler in 1843, but 
the nomination was rejected by the Senate: was one 
of the founders of Lafayette College at Ka.ston, 
Pennsylvania, and for twenty-five years President of 
its 15oaTd of Trustees; was President Judge of the 
Twelfth and Twenty-second .Judicial Districts of 
Pennsylvania. Died at Easton. November 11, 186"^. 

Porter, John ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania Irom 180:i to 1811, having first 
been elected to fill th<' unexpired term of Michael 
Lfih, resigned. 

26 



Porter, Peter B.; was born in Salisbury, Con- 
necticut, in 1773; graduated at Yale College in 1791; 
completed his law studies at Litchfield, Connecticut; 
emigrated to ^\■cstern New York; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from New Y'oik from 180!) to 181:!, and 
from 1815 to 181«i, when he resigned ; as Chairman of 
the Comniittee on Foreign K'rlations, he reported the 
re.solutions authorizing immediate and active prepara- 
tions for war; in 1813 was made Jlajor-Geueral and 
Chief in command of the State troops; in ISloreceived. 
from President Madison, the appointment of Com- 
mander-in-Chief of the L'nited States .\jrmy, which 
he declined; soon after the war was chosen Secretary 
of the State of New York; in 181() was apiiointed 
Commi.ssioner under the Treaty of Glieut; in 1828 
was api)oiuted. by President Adams, Secretary of 
War. Died at Niagara Falls, March 20, 1844, 'uni- 
versally respected. He distinguished himself at 
Chippewa and at Lundy's Lane, and for his services 
received a gold medal from Congress and a sword 
from the State of New York. Was the father of 
-Augustus S. Porter,^ 

Porter, Timothy H.; was born in New Haven, 
Connecticut: served five years in the Assembly of 
New York; also served fi\ e years in the State Senate; 
was a Representative in Congress from New York 
from 1825 to 1827. 

Porter, WLlliam A.; was born in Hunterdon 
County, Pennsylvania, in li^21; graduated at La- 
fayette College in 1839; was admitted to the bar in 
Philadelphia in 1842; was Shcritf of that city in 
1S43; was City Solicitor in 1856; was Judge of the 
Superior Court in lSo8; was the author of " Essay on 
Law, and Sheritts," 1845; "Life of Chief Justice 
John Gibson,'' 18o5; also, "Addresses." 

Porter, William Wood. ; was born in Orange 
County, Virginia, September 8, 1826; removed to 
Mississippi in his youth; graduated from Centenary 
College. Missi.ssippi, in 1845; studied law at Jackson, 
Mississippi, for two years, and wsis then admitted to 
practice in all the Courts of the State; entered at 
once upon the practice of law in Coahoma County, 
Mississippi; emigrated to California in 18,50: in 1852 
was elected District Attorney of San Joaquin County, 
California; after the expiration of the term of oilice, 
removed to Calaveras County, California; in 1855 
was appointed, by the Governor, County .Judge of 
Calaver.is County, to fill a vacancy; in 1856 was 
elected to the same office for a full term of four 
years; at the breaking out of the (Ivil War. in 1861, 
returned to ■V^rginia .ind entered the Confederate 
Army as Aid to General George B. Crittenden: .served 
with conspicuous gallantry, particular) v at the 
battles of ilill Springs, Shiloh, and Raymond, lor 
his part in each of which he received' honorable 
mention in the report of his comm;irider; was selected 
by General Joseph E. Johnston as a member of his 
StaJf when he took command of the .Vrmy of the 
Southwest: was recommended, by (General Johnston, 
for promotion: at the close of the war. went to his 
father's home, near Ja<-k.sou. .Mississippi ; then 
traveled in Mexico until May, 18(i(i. wlien the 
returned to Jackson, Mississippi, and resumed he 
practice of his profession tlu^re; in 1872 returned to 
California and settled at Santa Rosa in th.- jiractic* 
of law; in October. 188,5, w:us appointed, by I 'resident 
Cleveland, an .Vssociate Justice of the Supreme 
Court of the Territory of .\rizona. 

Posey, Thomas; was bom on the banks of the 
Potomac, July 9. 1750; received .-i |)l;tin English ed- 
ucation: removed to Western Virgini:i at the age of 
nineteen; was Quarterma.ster of Lewis' division ol 



40x' 



biogi;ai'Hical a^'^als. 



Lord Dunmore's axmy, and was at the battle of Pt. 
Pleasant in 1774; was one of the Committee of Cor- 
respondence in 1775; was Captain of the Seventh 
yirijinia Continental Regiment, and aided in defeat- 
ing Lord Dunmore at Gwyn's Island; joined Wash- 
ington's army in 1777; was transferred to the rifle 
regiment of Colonel Morgan; was with General Gates 
at Bemis Heights and Stillwater; took command of 
liis regiment in 1778 against the Indians; in 1779 
commanded a battalion under Wayne, and was one 
of the first to enter the enemy's Ti'orks at Stony 
Point; was at the surrender of Yorktown; took com- 
mand of a new regiment under Wa,yne, in GJeorgia; 
in 1782, when surprised by the Indians, defeated 
them with great loss; from ITSG to 1793 was County 
Lieutenant of Spottsylvania. Virginia, and was ap- 
pointed Brigadier-General: was a State Senator; was 
Lieutenant-Governor of Virginia for four years; was 
Major-General of Kentucky levees in 1809: was 
United States Sen.ator from Louisiana in 1812, by 
appointment of the Governor, but was superseded 
by the appointment of J. Brown by the Legislature; 
-was Governor of Indian Territory from 1813 to 1816; 
-was agent of Indian Affairs in 1816, which position 
he held until his death, which occurred at Shawnee- 
.town, Illinois, March 19. 1818. 

Post, George A.; was born at Cuba, New 
Tork. Septemijer 1. 1854; removed, with his parent.s, 
to Dunkirk, New York, in 1855. and to Oswego. New 
York, in 1861; received an academic education; re- 
moved to Susquehanna, Penn.sylvania, in 1873, and 
entered the ser-vice of the Erie Railway Company; 
■was. for several years. Secretary of the Motive Power 
Department; was elected Chief Burgess of Susque- 
hanna in 1877, and served one year; was an unsuc- 
cessful candidate for Presidential Elector in 1880: 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1882; 
was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to 
the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Post, Jotham, Jr.; was born in New York; was 
a graduate of Columliia College; was a member of 
the New York Assenilily for four years, from the city 
of New York; was a Representative in Congress from 
his native State, from 1813 to 1815. 

Post, Morton B.; was born in Monroe County, 
New York, December 25, 1840: received an academic 
education; removed to Colorado in 1860, and in 1867 
to that portion of Dakota now Wyoming Territory; 
was engaged in the 'business of banking and stock- 
raising; was elected County Commissioner in 1870, 
and re-elected in 1872; was elected a inember of the 
Territorial Council in 1878; was elected the Delegate 
from Wyoming to the Forty-seventh Congress. 

Poston, Charles D.; was born in Hardin County, 
Kentucky, April 2i), 1825; removed to California in 
1850; was employed in the Custom House at San 
Francisco for four years; in 1854 went to Arizona as 
the pioneer of silver mining enterprises in that Terri- 
tory ; on the organization of a Territorial Government 
for Arizona, was appointed Superintendent of Indian 
Affairs for the Territory ; at tlie first election held 
was elected the Delegate from Arizona to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, taking his seat at the second session. 

Potter, A.; was born in Saratoga County, New 
York, October 2, 1818; was an early emigrant to 
Michigan, locating at Kalamazoo in 1315; received a 
common school education; commenced business as a 
tinner and hardware merchant; served one term in 
the State Legislature; subsequently turned his at- 
tention to banking, and became President of the 
National Bank of Kalamazoo; was elected President 



of the -village in 1859, 1863, 1870, and 1872; Presi- 
dent of the Local Board of Education in 1870 and 
1871; was President of the Kalamazoo and South 
Haven Railroad Company; was defeated for Congress 
in 1872; in 1874 was elected a Representative from 
Michigan to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Potter, Clarkson Nott; was born in Schenec- 
tady, New York, in 1825; graduated at Union Col- 
lege (of which his grandfather. Rev. Eliphalet Xott, 
was President, and his father, Bishop Alonzo Potter, 
was Vice-President) in 1842; graduated at Rensselaer 
Institute, as a Civil Engineer, in 1843; was a sur\ cyor 
in Wisconsin; studied law in that State, and after 
coming to the bar, commenced the practice of his pro- 
fession in New York City in 1847; while engaged in 
a number of important suits, in 1868, was elected a 
Representative from New York to the Forty-first Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Commerce and 
other important Committees; was re-elected to tlie 
two succeeding Congresses, during which time he 
argued important cases before the Supreme Court of 
the United States; was also elected to the Forty-fittli 
Congress; was re-nominated, but declined the nomin- 
ation. Died January 23, 1882. 

Potter, Blisha R.; was born at Little Rest (now 
Kingston), Rhode Island, November 5, 1764 ; when a 
youth served as a soldier, and worked in a blacksmith 
shop; subsequently studied law; in 1796 was elected 
a Representative in Congress ixom Rhode Island for t lie 
unexpired term of B. Bourne, resigned : was re-elected 
to the Fifth Congress, in place of Bourne, who de- 
clined, but he himself resigned in 1797; was again a 
Representative from 1809 to 1815. serving on import- 
ant Committees; was elected to the State Legislature 
in 1793, and by semi-annual elections under the old 
charter system continued to serve untU his death, 
excepting when in Congress, and was five times 
elected Speaker ; was a man of superior talents, and 
for forty years filled a large space in the political 
affairs of Rhode Island. Died in Kingston, Rhode 
Island, September 26, 1835. 

Potter, Elisha R., Jr.; was born in Kingston, 
Rhode Island, .Tune 20, 1811; graduated at Harvai'd 
University in 18:!0; was, for several years, a member 
of the Stat« Legislature; was Adintant-General of the 
State in 1835 and 1836; was a Rl|)resentative in Con- 
gress from Rhode Island fi:om 1843 to 1845; was State 
Commissioner of Public Schools from May, 1849, to 
October, 1854, when he resigned, after which he de- 
voted himself to the practice of law; was subsequently 
chosen a Judge of the Supreme Court of the State, 
and became Chief Justice ; as an author he published 
" Early History of Narragansett, " a work on " Paper 
Money in Rhode Island," and valuable contributions 
on Suffrage and Public Schools. 

Potter, Emery D.; was born in Ohio; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1843 
to 1845, and again from 1849 to 1851; was subse- 
quently appointed United States Judge for the Terri- 
tory of Utah. 

Potter, Henry ; was bom in Mecklenburg, Vir- 
ginia, in 1765 ; received a liberal education and 
adopted the profession of the law; in 1801 was ap- 
pointed, by President Jefferson, United States Judge 
of the Fifth Circuit; in 1802 was made Judge of the 
United States District Court for the State of North 
Carolina, which position he held until his death, 
December 20, 1857. 

Potter, John F. ; was born at Augusta, Maine, 
May 11, 1817; was educated at Phillips's Academy, 
New Hampshire; was a lawyer by profession; settled 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



403 



in Walworth County, Wisconsin; was a Representa- 
tive in the LegisUitun- ol' Wisconsin in ISoli: was a 
I Judge of Walworth County from 1842 to 1846: was 
elected a Representative from Wisconsin to the Thirty- 
fifth Congress, serving as a member of the Committee 
on Revolutionary Pensions; was re-elected to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Eevolutionary Pensions; was also re-elected to the 
Thirty -seventh Congress, and was made Chairman of 
a Special Committee on Government Employes, and 
sJso of that on Public Lands; was a Delegate to the 
*' Peace Congress '' of 1861 ; was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Lincoln, Governor of Nevada Territory, bnt de- 
clined; was subsequently appointed Consul-General 
to British North Ainerica. 

Potter, Orlando B.; was born at Chartemoat, 
Massachusetts, March 10, 1823 ; until the age of 
eighteen he worked upon a farm, attending the com- 
m<Mi school during the mnter; taught school, and 
thus acquired means to prosecute his studies; after 
two jears tuition at Williams fJollcge, studied law at 
Dane Law School. Cambridge, Massachusetts; was 
admitted to the bar at Boston in 1848. and engaged iu 
practice there; also became interested in manulac- 
turing: in 1853 removed to New York City; his birsi- 
ness becoming widely extended, and the unequal. 
and changeable values of the currency of the different 
States causing much annoyance, he conceived the 
idea of a National currency : the defeat of the Union 
forces at Bull Run in 1861 convinced him of the im- 
perative necessity of such a currency, and, within 
twenty-five days thereafter, he matured, and laid 
before Secretary Chase, of the United .States Treasury, 
and President Lincoln, apian for a National Bank- 
ing Svstem; this plan was adopted, with a few slight 
modiiications. and was the basis of the present Na- 
tional Banking System of the country; in 1876 Mr. 
Potter retired from active business and devoted his 
attention to the care and improvement of his property 
and the conduct of a large dairy farm on the Hudson 
River; was nominated for Congress in 1878. but was 
d_efeated; was tendered the nomination for Congress 
at the special election to fill a vacancv in the Eleventh 
District iu 1881, but declined; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from New York to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress. 

Potter, Robert ; was born in Granville County, 
North Carolina; entered the navy as midshipman, 
but resigned this position and studied law; was a 
Representative in the State Legislature in 1826; was 
a Representative in Congress from North Carolina 
from 1829 to 1831; was a second time in the Legisla- 
ture, but owing to an outrage that he committed upon 
the persons of two men. of whom he was jealous, he 
lost all political influence, and, remo\ing to Texas, 
was killed in a private brawl. 

Potter, Samuel J.; was born in Rhode Island 
in 1750; was at one time Deputy Governor; in 17!)2 
and 1796 was a Presidential Elector; was a Senator 
in Congress from Rhode Island during the years 1803 
and 1804. Died October 29 of the latter year. 

Potter, "William "W.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Pennsylvania from 1837 to 1839. Died 
at Bellefonte, in that State, October 28, 1839. 

Pottle, Emory B.; was born in Naples. New 
York; was a lawyer by profession; served one term in 
the Legislature of New York ; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from New York to theTliirty-liftli Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Expenditures in the 
Kavy Department; was re-elected to the Tliirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the Committee on 
Naval Affnirs. 



Potts, Benjamin P.; was Governor of the Terri- 
tory 01 Montana from 1870 to 1883. 

Potts, David, Jr.; was born in Chester County, 
Pennsylvania, in 1793; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1831 to 1839. Died in 
1863. 

Potts, Richard ; was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress in 1781 and 1782; was Governor of 
Maryland during the same yeai-s; was a Senator in 
Congress from that State from 1792 to 1796. when 
he resigned; received, from Princeton College, in 
1805, the degree of LL.D. 

Pound, Thaddeus C; was bom at Elk. Penn- 
sylvania. December 6, 1839: passed his childhood 
near Rochester. New York; removed to Wisconsin in 
1848; received an academic education; engaged in the 
lumber liusiness; became President of several lumber 
and railuny companies; was elected a member of the 
State House of Representatives in 1864, 1866, 1867. 
and 186!). serving as Speaker 7)to Icm. dnring the last 
year: was Lieutenant-tTOvernor in 1870 and 1871; 
was a Delegate to the Republicau National Conven- 
tion of 1872: was elected a Representative from Wis- 
consin to llic Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-sev- 
enth Congresses. 

Powell, Samuel; was a K'epresentative in Con- 
gress from Tennessee from Isl,", to 1817. 

Powell, Alfred H.; was born in Loudon Coun- 
ty, Virg:'ii;i: graduated at Princeton College; studied 
law in Alexandria, Virginia; .settled in Winchester, 
Virginia, iu 1800; served in the State Legislature, 
and one or two State Conventions; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Virginia from 1825 to 1827. 
Died at Winchester w hile arguing a case in court, in 
1831, aged fifty years. 

Powell, Cuthbert; was at one time Mayor of 
Alexandria in Virginia; on his removal to Loudon 
County was elected to the Legislatvrre ; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Virginia from 1841 to 1843. 
Died at LangoUen. Virginia, May 8, 1849. 

Powell, Joseph ; was born at Towanda, Brad- 
ford County, Pennsylvania. .Tune 23. 1848; his edu- 
cation was such as the common school and academic 
facilities of the county afforded; in early life became 
a merchant, which occupation he piu-sued successfully 
tor many years; subsequently became President of 
the First National Bank of Towanda, and engaged in 
other business enterprises; at the time of his election 
as a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Forty- 
fourth Congress, in 1875, was engaged in active busi- 
ness, and accepted a nomination contrary to his 
wishes and inclinations; previous to that time he had 
never occupied a public position, nor been an active 
politician. 

PoweU, Lazarus "W.; was born in Henderson 
County, Kentucky. October 6, 1812; graduated atSt. 
Joseph's College, Bardstown. in 1833: studied law at 
the Transylvania University, and came to the bar in 
1835, following his profession and carrying on a farm 
at the same time; in 1836 was elected to the Ken- 
tucky Legislature; was a Presidential Elector in 
1844; was Governor of Kentucky from 18.51 to 1855; 
was chosen a Senator in Congress for the long term 
coumiencing in 18.59. serving ou tlie Committees on 
the Judiciary. Pensions, and Printing: was a Dele- 
gate to the Phil;i(lclphia '• National Union Conven- 
tion " of 1866. Died at his home in Kentucky, July, 
5, 1867. 



•104 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Powell, Levin ; was born in Virginia in 1738; 
was a member of the State Convention wliich ratified 
the Federal Constitution; served tbrougli the War of 
the IJevolution in the A'irginia Line of flie ('onti- 
Dentul Army, and rose to the rank of Lieutenant- 
Colonel; resided in Loudon County, Virginia; was a 
Representative in Congress from A'irginia from 179i) 
to 1801. Died at Bedford, Pennsylvania, in August. 
1810. 

Powell, Paulus; was born in Virginia; was 
elected a Representative iu Congress from that State 
in 1849; continued in that capacity to the close of 
tlie Thirty-fifth Congress, serving as a member of tlie 
Coinmitte'e on Expenditures in the Navy Department 
ami that on Post Offices and Post Roads. 

Powers, G-ershom ; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York fiom 182!) to ISIil. 

Powers, Llewellyn; born in Pittstield, Maine, 
in 18:>8; was educated at Colby University; studied 
law at Albany University; was admitted to practice 
in IHiil, and located at Houlton, Maine; was Prose- 
cuting Attorney from 1864 to 1371; was Collector of 
Customs for the District of Aroostook, Maine, from 
18(iS to 1872; wa.s a Representative in the State Lcgi.s- 
lature in 1874, 1875, and 1876; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Maine to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Powers, Orlando W.; was born at Pultney- 
ville, Wayne County, New York, June 16, 18,')1; his 
early life w'as passed upon a farm; received a com- 
mon school and aeidemic education ; studied law, and 
graduated from the Law Department of Michigan 
University in the class of 1871; in 1873 settled at 
Kalamazoo, Michigan, and began the practice of law; 
soon s(<cured a large business; in 1879 was elected 
City Attorney of Kalamazoo; in 1880 was the Demo- 
cratic nominee for Congress in the Fourth Congres- 
sional District of Michigan, and, although defeated, 
polled the largest vote ever east in tliat district lor a 
straight Democratic candidate; in 1882 prepared, and 
published, a work on Chancery Practice; iu 1883 
pul)lished "Powers' Supreme Court Practice"; in 
1884 was elected a Delegate-at-Large to the Demo- 
ernti<: National Convention, and was the member 
from Jlichigan on the Committee on permanent or- 
ganization; in the spring of 1885 was again elected 
City .Vttoruey of Kalamazoo; in April of the .same 
year was appointed, by President Cleveland, an .\s- 
soc:iate .lustice of the Supreme Court of the Territory 
of Utah. 

Powers, Riclgely C; was born in Jlecca. 
Trumlmll County, Ohio, December 24, 1831!; studied 
at the \\'cstern Reserve Seminary, and taught school 
in Illinois: graduated at the Univer.sity of Michigan 
in 1862; served as an As-sistant Adjutant-Cieneral iu 
the War for the Union; removed to the State of 
Mississiji]ii in 1S()5; was Lieutenant-tiovernor in 
1h7i(; in 1871 was elected Governor of the State. 

Poydras, Julian ; was a Delegate in Cougi-ess 
from the Territory of Louisiana from 1809 to 1812. 

Pratt, Daniel D.; was born in Palermo, Waldo 
Count.v, Maine, Octolier 26, 1813; when a child re- 
moved, with his parents, to New York; graduated at 
Hamilton College in 1831; in 1832 went to Indiana, 
where he taught school; in 1834 went to Indianapo- 
lis, wrote in the office of the Secretary of State, and 
studied law; in 1836 settled at Logansport, where he 
commenced the practice of his profession; in 1851 
and 1853 was elected to the State Legislature; was a 
Delegate to the Chicago Convention of 1860, ollieiat- 
ing as leading Secretary; in 1868 was elected a Rep- 



resentative from Indiana to the Forty-first Congress; 
in January, 1869, was elected a Senator in Congress 
for the term ending in 1875, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Pensions, Claims, and District of Columbia; 
in May, 1875, was ayjpoiuted Commissioner of In- 
ternal Revenue, remaining in office until August, 
1876. 

Pratt, Henry O.; was born in Foxcroft, Maine, 
February 11, 1838; was well educated; studied law, 
and graduated at the law department of Harvard 
University; removed to Iowa in 1862; served as a 
private in the army; practiced law at Charles City, 
Iowa, in 1864; was elected to the Iowa House ot 
Representatives iu 1869, and re-elected in 1871; was 
elected to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Con- 
gresses, serving on the Committee on Private Land 
Claims. 

Pratt, James T.; was born in Middletown. Con- 
necticut, in 1805; was bred a farmer, which occupa- 
tion he followed; served in the Connecticut l^egisla- 
ture; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1853 to 1855; was a Delegate to the 
"Peace Congress" of 1861. 

Pratt, O. C; was born in NewY'ork: removed to 
Illinois, and from that State was appointed an Asso- 
ciate Justice of the United States Court for the Ter- 
ritory of Oregon, residing at Oregon City. 

Pratt, Thomas G. ; was born in Washington 
City in 1805; was educated at an academ.Y in George- 
town, District of Columbia; was bred a lawyer; fre- 
(jueutl.v served in the Maryland Senate; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1837; was Go\ernor of Maryland 
from 1844 to 1848; was a Senator in Congress from 
that State from 1850 to 18,57; was a Delegate to the 
"Chicago Convention " of 1864, and to the Philadel- 
phia "National Union Convention" of 1866. Died 
in Baltimore, November 9, 1869. 

Pratt, Zadock ; was born at Stephentown, 
Rensselaer County. New Y'ork, October 30, 1790; 
commenced life without means, but by industry 
gained a large fortune; devoting his attention to- 
tanning among the Catskill Jlountains, attained emi- 
nent success iu that branch of the mechanic arts, and 
his name will ever be associated with Prattsville and 
that vast tannery, where, previous to 1816, he had 
tanned more than a million .sides of leather; in 1823 
was elected a Colonel of ililitia; in 1830 was elected 
to the State Senate; iu 1836 was a Presidential Elector: 
was elected to Congress in 183(> and 1842, and labored 
successfully for the iniblie good; his career in Con- 
gres-s will be remembered for his efforts in behalf of 
the reduction of postage, his plans lor the new Post 
Office buildiutL, and the Bureau of Statistics, which 
owes its origin to him; in 1852 was again a Presiden- 
tial Elector; established a newspaper and a bank at 
Prattsville; was a Delegate to the "Baltimore Con- 
vention" of 1852. and to various other Democratic 
conventions; was the President of many societies and 
institutions. Died at Bergen, New .Jersey, April 6, 
1871. 

Preble, William Pitt ; was born at York, Maine, 
November 27, 1783; graduated at Harvard Univers- 
ity in 1806; was District Attorri^'y in 1813; removed 
to Portland in 1818; was a member of the State 
Constitutional Convention; was appointed .Judge of 
the Supreme Court under the new government in 
1820; was appointed United States Minister to the 
Netherlands in 1829; afterwards held many import- 
ant positions; in 1847 was President of the Atlantic- 
and St. Lawrence Railroad Company. Died in Poi-t- 
land. Maine, October 11. 1857. 



B I O G K A P H 1 C A L A N X A L S . 



105 



Prentiss, JoliiiH.; was born in Worcester, Mas- 
sachusetts, April 17, 1784; was bred a printer; set- 
tled in Ceopei-stown, New York, and in 1808 estab- 
lished the Frceinnn's Jouninl in that town, which he 
•edited with ability and snccess until 1849; was a 
Kcpresentative from New York to the Twenty-fifth 
and Twentv-sixth Congresses. Died in Cooperstown, 
June 26, 1864. 

Prentiss, Samuel; was born in Stonington, Con- 
necticut, March 31, 1782; removed, with his father, 
to Worcester, Massachusetts, and subsequently to 
Nortlifield, where he commenced the study of law; 
completed his professional studies in Brattleboro', 
Vermont, and commenced practice at Montpelier, 
Vermont, in 1803; soon became one of the foremost 
men at the bar; in 1824 and 1825 represented Mont- 
pelier in the State Legislature; in 1829 was elected 
Chief Justice of the Supremo Court of the State, hav- 
ing several years before declined the ollice of Asso- 
ciate Justice of that Court; was a Senator in Congress 
from Vermont from 18j1 to 1842; while Senator did 
much to eftect the passage of the law against duel- 
ling in the District of Columbia; in 1842 was ap- 
pointed Judge of the Federal District Court in Ver- 
mont, which office he held at the time of his death; 
received the degree of LL.D. from the University of 
V(!rmont. Died in Jlontpelier, Vermont, .lanuary 
15, 1857. He left ten sons, nine of whom were mem- 

ri-sofhis own profession. 

Prentiss, Sergeant S.; was born at Portland, 
Maine, September 30, 1808: graduated at Howdoin 
College in 1826; after studying law at Gorham, 
Maine, removed to Mis.sis.sippi ; passed two years as 
tutor in a private family; studied law at Natchez; on 
removing to Vicksburg, became Ironi the lirsfc the 
leader of the bar in his adopted State, acquiring by 
his profession a large property; entered politics; was 
elected to the State Legislature in 18155; in 1837 was 
chosen a Representative in Congress from Mississippi 
for the years 1838 and 1839; from that period until 
the close of his life was devoted wholly to liis profes- 
sion, appeariug frequently in Court in New Orleans; 
as a .jury orator he was acknowledged as having no 
equal in the South-western States. Died at Ivoug- 
wood, July 1, 1850. 

Prescott, Benjamin P.; was born at Epping, 
\'(!w llamj)shire, February 26, 1833; received a 
iassical education at Phillips' Academy, li,\eter, 
\>n Hampshire, and at Dartmouth College, gradu- 
iting from the latter institutiim in 1856; read law; 
\vas admitted to the bar in 1859 and i)racticcd until 
1862; became Associate Editor of the liidepdiilail 
Dnnoeral newspaper, at Concord, New Hampshire, 
and continued as such until 1866; was elected Secre- 
tary of State in 1872, 1873, 1875, an<l 1876; was 
elected Governor of New H;im])saire in 1877 and re- 
elected in 1878; was Chairman of the N'cw Hampshire 
deleg.ation to the lJepublic:in National Convention of 
1 880. 

F'rescott, Cyrus D.; was born in New Hartiord, 
New Y'ork, .Vugust 1,5. 1836; received an academic 
education; studied law, and commenced practice at 
Rome, New York, in 1859; was a member of the 
Board of Aldermen from 1874 to 1876; a member of 
the State House of Representati\'es in 1878; was 
elected a Kcpresentative from New York to the 
Forty -sixth and Forty -seventh Congresses. 

Preston, Fi'ancis , was a member of Congress 
from Virginia, from 1793 to 1797. Died at Columbia, 
South Carolina, May 26, 1835. whither he had gone 
npon a visit to his son. the distinguished William C. 
Preston 



Preston, Jacob A.; was born in Maryland; was 
a Kcpresentative in Congress from that State, from 
1843 to 1845. 

Preston, James P.; was born in 1775; gradu- 
ated at William and Mary College in 1795; was ap- 
pointed Lieutenant-Colonel of the Twelfth Infantry 
in 1812; was commissioned Colonel of the Twenty- 
third Infantry in 1813; at the battle of Chrystler's 
Field received a wound which crippled him H)r life; 
for many years was Postmaster of the city of Rich- 
mond; w.is Governor of Virginia from 1816 to 1819. 
Died at Smithfield, Virginia, May 4. 1813. 

Preston, William ; ^^'as born near Louisville, 
Kentucky, October 16, 1816; was educated at St. 
Joseph^s College, Kentrrcky, in New Haven, and at 
Harvard University; settled in the practice of law at 
Louis\-ilIe, and remained there until the Mexican 
War, when he went to Mexico as a Lieutenant-Col- 
onel of the Kentucky Volunteers; served in the Con- 
vention called to frame anew the Constitution ol 
Kentucky; in 1850 and 1851 was elected to the State 
Legislature; was a Presidential Elector in 1852, vot- 
ing for Scott; was elected a Representative from 
Kentucky to the Thirty-second Congress, for the un- 
expired term of Humphrey Marshall, resigned ; was 
re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress; was a mem- 
ber of the "('inciunati Convention" which nom- 
inated Mr. Buchanan in 1856; in 1858 was appointed, 
by Presidc'iit Buchanan. Minister to Spain; on his 
return, in 1861, took part in the Rebellion, and wa.^ 
a Brigadier-General; in 1868 was elected to the State 
Legislature. 

Preston, WilliamB.; was born in Virginia 
was a Kepr<'sentative in Congress from that State 
from 1847 to 1849; was Secretary of the Navy, under 
I'resident Taylor, in 1849 and 1850: took part in the 
Rebellion of 1861 as a member of the Confcderatt 
( 'on_gi-e.ss. Died in Montgomery County, Virginia. 
November l(i, 1862 

Preston, William C.; was born December, 27, 
1794. in Philadelphia, while his father was attending 
a sc.ssitm of Congress at that plac(! as a Representative 
from Virginia; was educated ;i* the Uuivei-sity ol 
South Carolina; graduated in 1812, and returned to 
Virginia; studied law in the office of William Wirt 
at Richmond; in 1816 went to Europe, and attei 
visiting Fr;mce, England, and Switzerland, resided 
for some time in F.dinburgh, where he attended the 
lectures of Hope, Playfair and Brown; in 1819 re- 
turned to the United States; was admitted to the 
bar in 1821. and commenced the practice of law in 
Virginia; in 1822 removed to (Columbia, South Caro- 
lina, where he continued the practice of his })rofession 
with great distinction and su(!Cess; in 1832 was 
elected to the Senate of the United States from Soutli 
Carolina, where he a.ssumcd a high position as a 
debater; in 1842 resigned his place in the Senate. 
and resumed the practic(" of his profession in South 
Carolina; in 18.55 became President of the I'niversity 
of South Carolina, which office he tilled with great 
credit until he was Ibrced to resign in consc(|uence 
of ill-health, after which time he lived in retire- 
ment. Died at Columbia, South Carolina, May 22, 
1860. 

Prevost, John B. ; in 1804 was appointed a 
Judge of the United States Court for the Territory o( 
Orleans. 

Price, Hiram ; was born in Washington County. 
Pennsylvania, .January 10. 181 J: received acommcn 
school education; engaged in various pursuits: iu 
1844 removed to Davenport, Iowa; was President of 



400 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



the State Bank of Jowa from 1859 to 1866; was Pay- 
master-General of luwa during the Civil War; was 
elected a Representative from Iowa to the Thirty - 
eighth. Thirty-ninth, Fortietli. Forty-fifth, and For- 
ty-sixth Congresses; was President of tlie Davenport 
and St. Paul Railroad Company; in March, 1881, 
was appointed Commissioner of Indian .Vtfairs in the 
Department of the Interior at Wtushington City. 

Price, Rodman M.; was born in Sussex County. 
New Jersey, November .5, 1816; attended Princeton 
College until his health compelled him to retire; ile- 
voted some attention to the study of law; w.as ap- 
pointed Purser in the Navy in 1840; is said to have 
been the first person to exercise judicial functions 
under the American flag on the Pacific Coast, as 
.\lcalde; in 1848 was made naval agent tor the I'acific 
coast; was a Representative in Congress from his 
native State from 1851 to 1853; was subsequently 
elected Ciovernor of New .Tersey; caused the estab- 
lishment, in that Sti^te, of a Normal School, and did 
much to improve the militia of the State; wa.s a 
Delegate to the " Peace Congress" of 1861. 

Price, Samuel ; was born in Faucjuier County, 
Virginia, in 1805; was educated in the public schools; 
studied law, and engaged in practice; served several 
terms in the State Legislature; in 1863 was elected 
Lieutenant-Governor of Virginia, holding the office 
until the close of the Civil War; in 1865 was elected 
Circuit Judge, but declined to take the "test oath " 
and did not serve; in 1876 was appointed United 
States Senator, serving about two months. Died at 
Leesburgh, Virginia, February 25, 1884. 

Price, Sterling; was born in Virginia; was a 
Representative in Congress from Jlissouri, from 1845 
to 1847; was Governor of that State from 185;! to 
1857; was identified with the great Rebellion of 1861 
as a Major-General. 

Price, Thomas L.; was elected a Representative 
fiom Missouri to the Thirty-seventh Congress; nvus a 
Kclegate to the " Chicago Convention " of 1864. and 
to the Philadelphia '' National Union Convention'' 
of 1866. Died in Lexington, Missouri, Julv 15, 
1H70. 

Price, "William C; in 1860 was appointed 
Treasurer of the United States; held the olHce until 
1861. 

Price, "William P.; was born in Dahlonega. 
Georgia, January 29, 1835; worked at the printer's 
trade; entei-ed Fnrman University, at Greenville, 
South Carolina, in 1854, but left, without graduat- 
ing, to take charge of a newspaper; studied law; was 
admitted to the bar in 1856, at Charleston, South 
Carolina; practiced law at Greenville; w.os a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature in 1864, 1865, and 1866; 
returned to Georgia in 1866; was a member of the 
Legislature of Georgia in 1868; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Georgia to the Forty-first Congress; 
was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, serving 
on several Committees. 

Price, "William Thompson ; was born in Barre 
Township, Huntingdon County, Penusyh auia, .Tune 
17, 1824; received a common school education; en- 
gaged in various pursuits; removed to Mount Pleas- 
ant, Iowa, in March, 1845. and at Black River Falls, 
Wisconsin, in the fall of the same j ear ; beca me a 
lumberman, merchant, farmer, and banker; was 
Under Sheriifof the county in 1849 and 1855; was 
.ludge of .Jackson County, once by election and once 
by appointment; was a Representative in the State 
Legislature in 1851 and 1852; was a State Senator in 



1857, 1870, 1871, 1878, 1879, 1880, and 1881, and 
was President pro tern, of the Senate in 1879; wa.-^ 
Collector of Internal Revenue from 1863 to 1865; 
was elected a Rejiresentative from Wisconsin to the 
Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses. Died at 
Eau Claire. Wisconsin, December 6, 1886. 

Prickett, Henry E.; was born in Faversham. 
Kent County, England. February 1, 1829; emigrated, 
with his parents, to the United States in 1835, set- 
tling in Washington County, New York; received an 
academic education; studied law; removed to Wis- 
consin; was admitted to the bar in 1858; was County 
.Judge of .lackson County from 1856 to 1860; was a 
Representative in the State Legislature in 1858; set- 
tled in Idaho Territory; was a member of the Counci I 
of the Territorial Legislature in 1875; in 1876 was 
ajipointed Associate .Justice of the Supreme Court of 
Idaho, and was re-appointed in 1880. 

Pridemore, Auburn Lorenzo ; was bom in 

Scott County, Virginia, June 27, 18.37; passed his 
childhood and youth upon a farm, his educational ad- 
vantages being very limited; afterwards alternately 
taught and attended school, and acquired a good En- 
glish education; entered the Confederate Army in 
1861, as a Captain, served throughout the war, and 
rose to the rank of Colonel; was elected to the Vir- 
ginia Assembly in Mai'ch, 1865. but the close of the 
war annulled the election, and he did not take his 
seat; in 1865 studied law; was admitted to the bar, 
and began practice at Jonesville, Virginia; was a 
State Senator from 1871 to 1875; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Virginia to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Prince, Charles H.; was born in Buckfield, Ox- 
ford County, Maine, May 9, 1837; worked on his 
father's farm in summer, and tauglit a district school 
in winter; in 1859 engaged in mercantile pursuits; 
was, for a time, Postmaster of Buckfield; in 1862 raised 
amilitary company, and was commissioned as a Cap- 
tain; in 1866 was made Cashier of the Freedmen's 
Savings and Trust Company at Augusta, Georgia; in 
1867 was a Superintendent of Freedmen's schools, 
and also a member of the State Constitutional Con- 
vention; in 1868 was elected a Representative from 
Georgia to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on the Interior Department. 

Prince, Oliver H.; was a la\vyer by profession; 
pulilished a Digest of the Laws of Georgia; was a 
Senator in Congress from Georgia during the years 
1828 and 1829; was lost at sea October 9, 1837, in the 
steamer Home. 

Prince, William ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Indiana from 1823 to 1824. Died in 
Princeton, Indi.ana, September 8, 1824, before the 
expiration of his term. 

Prindle, Elizur H. ; was bom in Newton, Con- 
necticut, May 6, 1829; received an academic educa- 
tion; studied law; was District Attorney of Chenango 
County, New York, in 1860, 1861, and 1862; was a 
member of the State Assembly in 1863 ; was a Dele- 
gate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1867; 
was elected a Representative from New York to the 
Forty-second Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Revolutionary Pensions and Territories. 

Prlngle, Benjamin ; was bom at Richfield, Otse- 
go County, New York, November 9, 1807; received a 
good English and classical education; studied law, 
and practiced for several years, but relinquished the 
profession on being made President and Financial 
Officer of the Bank of Genesee, at Batavia; held the 
office of Judge of the County Courts of Genesee for 



BIOGRAPUICAL ANNALS. 



■1U7 



five years; served one year in the State Assembly; 
was elected a Repieseutative from New York to the 
Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses; was ap- 
pointed, by President Lincoln, Judge of the Court of 
Arbitration at Cape Town, under the Treaty of 1862 
with Great Britain. 

Proctor, Redfleld; was Governor of Vermont 
from 1878 to 1880. 

Profit, George H.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Indiana from 1839 to 1843; in 1843 was 
t'aited States Minister to Brazil. Died at Louis- 
ville, Kentucky, September 5, 1847. 

Prosser, "William F.; was born in Williamsport, 
Pennsylvania, March 16, 1834; received a common 
school education; studied law; taught a public school 
for two years; went to California in 1854: engaged in 
mining and mercantile pursuits; served in the vol- 
tinteer Indian service; served in the war for the 
Union, entering the army as a private in 1861, and 
coming out as a Colonel in 1865, having been in many 
battles in the army of the Cumberland ; after the war 
settled upon a farm near Nashville, Tennessee; was 
elected a Representative in the State Legislature in 
1867; was a Director of the Tennessee and Pacific 
Railroad Company; in 1868 became a Director of the 
Edgefield and Kentucky Railroad; was elected a 
Representative from Tennessee to the Forty-first Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Revolutionary 
Claims, and Roads and Canals. 

Pruyn, John V. L. ; was born in Albany, New 
York; was chiefly educated at private schools; re- 
ceived the degree of LL.D. from Rutgers College, 
New Jersey; studied law, and came to the bar in 
Albany, New York, in 1832; in 183.5 was Counsel and 
Director of the Mohawk and Hudson Railroad; sub- 
sequently became Treasurer of the New York Central 
Railroad Company; was also a Master in Chancery 
during the Governoi-ship of W. L. Marcy; in 1844 
was made a member of tlie Board of Regents, and, in 
1862, Chancellor of the University of New York; was 
a .State Senator in 1862; at a special election, in 1863, 
was elected a Representative from New York to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by 
the resignation of Erastus Coming, serving on the 
Committee on Claims; was re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress, and was placed on the Library Committee, 
and that on the Pacific Railroad. 

Pruyn, Robert H.; was a citizen of New York; 
in 1861 was appointed Minister Resident to .Japan; 
resigned the oflice in 1865. 

Pryor, Luke ; was born in Madison County, Ala- 
bama, July 5, 1820; received a good education; 
studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1841, and 
engaged in practice; in 1845 removed to Limestone 
County. Alabama; in 1855 was elected a Representa- 
tive in the State Legislature; engaged in forming in 
addition to practicing his profession; in January, 
1880, was appointed United States Senator, in place 
of George S. Houston, deceased ; declined to be a can- 
didate before the Lcgislatiuc for the vacancy; in 
1882 was nominated for < 'ongress by acclamation, 
without solicitation, and against his wish; accepted 
the nomination, and was elected a Representative 
from Alabama to the Forty-eightli Congress. 

Pryor, Roger A.; was born in Dinwiddie Coun- 
ty. Virgiuia, .'uly 19, 1828: graduated at Hampden 
Sidncs College in 1845; adopted the profession of the 
law. but relinc|uislied the practice on account of his 
health; in 1851 became an editor in Petersburg; in | 



1852 connected himself with the Wa-shington Union 
as writer; in 1853 joined the Richmond Enquirer; in 
1855 was appointed, by President Pierce, a Special 
Commissioner to Greece, to adjust certain difficulties 
with that country; on his return established a politi- 
cal journal called The South, whicli suspended in 
eighteen months; was, for four months, connected 
with the Washington States; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Virginia to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serWng as a member of the Committee on the Dis- 
trict of Columbia; took part in the Rebellion as a 
member of the Confederate Congress, and also as 
Brigadier-General; in November, 1864, was captured 
by the Union troops and imprisoned in Fort La- 
fayette, but soon afterwards released; subsequently 
settled in Tennessee, and later in New York. 

Pugh, George Ellis; was born in Cincinnati, 
Ohio, November 28, 1822; graduated at Miami Uni- 
versity in 1840; a lawyer by profession; was Captain 
in the Fourth Regiment of Ohio Volunteers, in the 
Mexican War, in 1847; was a Representative in the 
Ohio Legislature in 1848 and 1849; was appointed 
Solicitor of the City of Cincinnati in 1850; was At- 
torney-General of the State in 1851 ; was elected a 
Senator in Congress from March 4, 1855, for six 
years, and was a member of the Committee on Pub- 
lic Lands, and on the Judiciary. 

Pugh, James L.; was born in Burke County, 
(Jeorgia, December 12, 1820; remo\ed, with his par- 
ents to Alabama in 1824; received an academic edu- 
cation; was admitted to the bar in 1841 and engaged 
in the practice of law; was a Presidential Elector in 
1848, 1856, and 1876; was elected a Representative 
from Alat>ama to the Thirty -sixth Congress; in 1861 
was elected to the Confederate Congress, and was 
re-elected in 1863; was President of the Democratic 
State Convention of 1874: member of the State Con- 
stitutional Convention of 1875; was elected a United 
States Senator from Alabama, for the term ending in 
1885, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of 
George S. Houston in 1880; was re-elected tor the 
term ending March 3, 1891. 

Pugh, John ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania from 1805 to 1809. 

Pugh, John Ho-ward; was bom in Chester 
County, Pennsylvania, .June 23, 1827; received an 
academic education; graduated in medicine at tlie 
University of Pennsylvania in 1852; removed to 
lUirlington. New Jersey, and commenced the prac- 
tice of his profession in 1854; in 1869 was elected 
President of the Mechanics' National Bank ol' Bur- 
lington; was elected a Representative from New Jer- 
sey to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Pulitzer, Joseph ; was born in Hungary in 1847; 
received his early education from a private tutor; 
emigrated to the United States; enlisted in the Union 
.Army at the age of seventeen; alter the close of the 
war settled at St. Louis, Missoiui; studied law, and 
was admitted to practice by the Supreme Court of 
Jlissouri: was elected a Representative in the Mis- 
souri Legislature in 1869; was elected a Delegate to 
the State Constitutional Convention in 1874; entered 
journalism iu 1867 as a reporter on the .S:iint Louis 
WistliclK' I'ost, a German paper then edilcil by Carl 
Schiu"z; rose to the ])osition of managing editor and 
part pro)irietor; founded the Saint Louis PosI-Kh- 
pcilcli in 1878. by purchasing the Dispulih and unit- 
ing it witli the Frniiiii/ t'ot^l; in the .spring of 1883 
bought the .\ew York U'lirld, of which lie became the 
editor and sole proprietor: was a Delegate to the Con- 
vention of 1872: was a Delegate to the nemocratio 



408 



B I () (i K A P H I C A L A N X A L S . 



National Conventions of 1872 and JSHO; in 1884 was 
elected a Representative from New York to the For- 
ty-ninth Congress. 

Piirdy, Smith M.; was born in New York: was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 184-' 
to 1845. 

Purrnan, "William J.; was horn in (A'ntreCour.- 
ty. Pennsylvania, .\pril 11, 1S40; received a liberal 
education; studied law : entered the Union Army as 
u private, and served on special duty at the \Var Dfi- 
I'artment. and in Florida; was a member of the Con- 
stitutional Convtmtion of Florida in 1868; .soon after 
was ele.-teil to the State Senate; was Secretary 
of State in 1S(!8; was Judge of .Tackson Coimty 
Court in ISfiS; was re-elected in 18G9: was As- 
se,>;:or of United states Internal Revenue I'or Flor- 
ida in 1870: was Ciiairman of the Republican 
.■-^liite Executive Committee in 1872; was elected a 
Representative from Florida to the Forty-third Con- 
.tTc -is, serving on the Cominitlee on Naval Affairs: 
\.as re-elected to the Fo; ty-ibnrth Congress: also re- 

■ It (ted to the Forty-fiftli Congress, but liis seat was 
. ( cessfully contested by 1.'. H. M. Davidson. 

Purviance, S^.intjsl A.; was horn in Butler. 
! i-unsylvani;i, ' ' i 8. 1809; xfas a student at 

V\:i.shington ' it did not graduate: was a 

lav.ycr by pn.i -i-..,. ,i\,il jiracticed for twenty-five 
y;irs; was a member of the Convention to amend 
T'le State Constitution in l-^:!(i: served in the Legis- 
'.ilure in 18:!8 and 1-:!!): was a member of tlii- 
.Electoral Coilege in ls48; %vas a Representative from 
i'i imsylvania in the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving 
<^;i the Committee on Public Buildings and Gronnds: 
was a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Lovalists' Cou- 
veiitiou" of 18(i6. 

Purviance, Samuel D.; was a member of Con- 
;;r<s:-; from North Carolina, from 1803 to 1805. 

Puryear, Richard C; was born in Mecklen- 
ii :.g, Virginia, February 9, ISOl; received a good 
i)i glish education; passed most of iiis life engaged 
in merchandising and farming: in Kl^. having re- 
niDved to North Carolina, was elected a K'cpresenta- 
tive in the Legislature of that State: in 1840 was 
<^lected to the State Senate; in 1844, 184fj, and 1852 
.\ as again elected to the Lower House of the Legisla- 
ture; was a Representative in Congress from North 
(^arolina from l-^S:? to 1857; took part in the Rebel- 
Him of 18()1, as a member of the Confederate Con- 
;ioss; was a Delegate to the Philadel)>hia " National 

■ nion Convention '■ of 18(j(;. 

Pusey, "William H. M.; was born at Hills- 
i)o;-ough, AYashington (bounty, Pennsylvania, .luly 
29. 1^20; gniduatcd at AVashington-.Telferson College 
in 1847: removed to Iowa in 1855; engaged in the 
li,:sine.«s of banking; was a Representative in the 
State Legislature from 1858 to 186:2; was elected a 
Representative from Iowa to the Forty -eighth Con- 
gre.ss. 

Putnam, Harvey ; was, for many years, a lead- 
ing member of the bar of Genesee County, New Y'ork; 
was several times to each house of the New York 
Legislature; was a Representative in Congress from 
New York from 1847 to 1851. Died at Attica, New 
York, September 21, 1855, aged sixty -two years. 

Pittnam, James O.; was a resident of New 
^'ork; in I'^'^O was appointed United States Minister 
to Belgium. 



Putnam, Rufus; was born at Sutton, Massa- 
chusetts. April 0, 1738; was a millwright by trade, 
liut left that business to enter the army during the 
campaigns of 1757 and 1760; at the surrender of 
Montreal settled in New Braintree, Massachusetts, 
to pursue his trade, devoting his leisure hours to the 
study of mathematics, navigation, and surveying; in 
1773 sailed to East Florida to survey lands that had 
been granted by Parliament to the soldiers who had 
served in the French ^Var; was appointed Govern- 
ment Deputy Surveyor of the Province; on his nturn 
to Massachusetts, was made Lieutenant-Colo:. cl in 
David Brewster's Regiment; by his ability as an en- 
gineer in the defense of Roxbury, was appointed, 
through the influence of V.'a.shington, Chief En- 
gineer of all the defenses in ."^ew York in 1776, with 
tlie rank of Colonel; from some dissatisfaction, he 
left the corps to take command of the Fifth Massa- 
chusetts Regiment; was attached to the Northern 
.Vrmy, and distinguished himself at Stillwater; in 
1T78. with his cousin. General Putnam, superin- 
tended the construction of Ibrtitications at West 
Point, New York; in 1783 was made Brigadiei-Gei - 
cial: was Aid to General Lincoln during Shay's Re- 
billion: in 1778 was Superintendent of the Ohio 
C'omi):iiiy, and founded Marietta. Ohio; in 1789 was 
.; lidge of the Supreme Court of Northwest Territory; 
in 1792 was Brigadiei-tieneral of \Yayne's Army; in 
1793, as United States Commissioner, concluded an 
important treaty with eight tribes of Indians at Vin- 
cennes, Indiana; from 1793 to 1803 was United States 
Surveyor-General; was a member of the Cimstitu- 
lional Convention of Ohio. Died in Marietta, Ohio, 
May 4, 1624. 

Quarles, James M.; was Ixirn in Loui.sa Coun- 
ty. Virginia, February 8. 1823; removed, with his 
father, to Kentucky in 18:;3 ; received a common 
school education; adopted the profession of the law; 
on removi:ig to Tennessee, in 1846, became Attorney- 
General 111 the Tf;ith District of (hat State; was a 
Presidential E!i "•'-; was elected a Repre- 

sentative from i 1 the Thirtyrsixth Con- 

gress, serving on iii. . ominittce on the Militia. 

Quarles, Tunstall; was born in Virgi.na; was 
a Representative in Congress from Kentucky iVom 
1817 to 1820; was snhsequently Receiver of Public 
Moneys at Cape Girardeau, Missouri. 

Quincy, Josiah ; was born at Boston. Ma,ss:i- 
chusetts. February 4. 1772; graduated at Harvard 
Univei-sity in 1790. and entered upon the practice of 
law in Boston: in 1804 was chosen a Representative 
from Massachusetts in the Congress of the United 
States, and held that po.sition eight successive years, 
until he declined a re-election in 1812; was chosen 
State Senator for Suftblk trom 1814 to 1821; was a 
Representative from Boston, and was Speaker of the 
House in 18:20; was a member of the Convention of 
1820 to revise the State Constitution; was Judge of 
the Municipal Court in Boston in 1821 and 1822; was 
Mayor of Boston in 1823; held the office of Mayor six 
successive years, until he declined a re-election in 
I December, 1828; in 1829 was chosen President of 
1 Harvard University, and held th;it office until his 
I resignation in 1845; received from that institution 
j the degree of LL.D. in 1824; his published worksare 
I "Speeches in Congress, and Orations on Various Oc- 
I casions." " Memoir of Josiah C,)uiney, Jr., of Massa- 
I chusctts." "Centennial Address on the Two Hund- 
redth Anniversary of the Settlement of Boston," 
I "A History of Harvard University from 1636 to 
1836," "Memoir of James Grahame, Historian of 
the United States Army," " Memoir olJIajor Samuel 
Shaw," "History of the Boston Athenaeum," "A 



BIUUKAPHICAL ANNAI.S. 



4U9 



Muniripal History of the Town and City of Boston 
(Vom lliliO to ISliO," •■The Life of John Quincy 
Adiuus," ami "Essays on the Selling of Cattle." 
Died in Boston, July 1, 1864. 

Quinn, Terence J.; was born at Albany, New 
^\>^k. Cictober 16. 18:!6; leoeived a iiiiblic school and 
iUiuiemie ((liKafion : enoa^ed in the occnijation of a 
brewer; was au Alderman from ]>-()n to 1863, and 
from 1H6!) to 1871; was a Kepresentative in the State 
Legislature in 1874; was elected a Representative 
from New York to the Forty-fifth Congress. Died 
June 18, 1878. 

Quitman, John A.; was born at Rliincbeck. 
Dutche.ss Connty, New York, September 1, 1799; re- 
ceived a liberal edncation; studied theology, but 
"referred the law; in his twentieth year was a Pre- 
ssor of Law in Mount Airy College. Pennsylvania; 
in 1820 emigrated to Ohio, and was admitted to the 
bar of that State; in 182T removed to Natchez, 
Mississippi; in 1827 was elected a Rei)re,sentativc in 
the State Legislature: in is-i'* w,is appointed Chan- 
cellor of the State, serving three years: .served as a 
Delegate to a "State Constitutional t'onvention"; 
in 1835 was elected to the State Senate, aud. as 
President of that body, was called upon to perform 
the duties of Govir::<ir: in 18:!6 distinguished him- 
<ilfas a soldier and k;uier in behalf of Texas against 
>ie.\ico; in 183:> visited Europe on Imsine.-is for the 
■ lississippi Rail load C'onii)any; on his return was 
ippointed Judg(! of the High Court of Errors and 
.\ppeals of Mississippi; served with distinction in 
the Mexican War, and was for a time the American 
Governor of Jlexieo; had a htuse shot under him at 
"\lonterey; commanded at Viitoria; was at Vera Cruz 
:ind ()jo Del Auga; was commissioned a Major-Gen- 
. lal in the army; aciiuitted liimself with great credit 
at (hapullepec: was one of the first to enter the City 
of -Mexici); was a Presidential Elector in 1848: was 
Governor of Mississippi in IS'iO; in 18.55 he was 
elected a Representative in Congress from Mississippi; 
was re-elected in 1857, serving, during both terms, 
at the head of the Committee on Military Aiiiiirs; by 
virtue of his experience and strict integrity he com- 
manded the respect of all. and the kindness of his 
heart and his amiable manners won tbr him troops 
of iriendr; among all parties; he was spolcen of on 
two occasions ;is the Democratic candidate for Vice- 
I'residenl, and was the recognized leader of those 
favorable to the annexation of Cuba. Died at his 
residence in Mississippi, July 17, 1858. 

Rabum, William ; was born iu Halifax County, 
North Carolina, April 8, 1771; removed to Hancock 
County, Georgia, at the :ige of fifteen, where, with 
slight advantages for education, he. gained a high 
position in the State; was a Judge f>f the Inferior 
Court; was a member of the As.sembly; was a Stat* 
Senator; was Governor of Georgia from 1817 to 181!). 
Died in Hancock Cotintj', October 2 !, 1819. 

Radford, "William ; was born in I'oughkeepsie, 
Dutchess County, New York, .lune :24. 1814; received 
a good common school education: settled in New 
York City in 182.9; was, for a long time, engaged in 
mercantile pursuits; in 1862 was elected a R'ep- 
resentative from New York to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Public Buildings 
and Grounds; was re-elected to the Thirty-nintli 
Congress, serving on the Committees' on Elections, 
and the Postal Railroad to New York. Died at 
Yonkers. .Tanuary 18. 1870. 

Raguet, Condy ; was born in Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania, .Jnnuarv 8. 1784; graduated at the 
Vnivcrsity of Pennsylvania; studied law, but en- 



tered a counting house, and at the age of twenty was 
.sent as supercargo of a vessel to St. Domingo: in 
1805, after a second vo,va.ge, published "A Short .\c- 
count of St. Domingo, and a Circumstantial Account 
of the Ma.ssacre there"; in 1806 became one of tho 
founders and Managers of the Philadelphia Saving 
Fund; was President of the Pennsylvania Life An- 
nuity Company, and also of the Philadelphia Cham- 
ber of Commerce: in 1812 took an active part in t'le 
defense of Pliiladelphia; iu 1815 was a member of 
the As.seml)l.y: afterward served in the State Senate: in 
1822 vvas United States Consul at Rio ,Ianeiyc), and 
negotiated a treaty with Brazil, to wliich he was 
the first Charge d' Affaires, and held the ;• ition for 
five years; on his return home, became editor of 
several .jouruals; was a member of the American Philo- 
sophical Society; was a contributor to the Portfolio; 
published "A Treatise on Currency and Banking" iu 
1831), which was re-published iu London, and trans- 
lated into French and published in Paris in 1840; 
received the degree of LL.D. from St. Mary's Col- 
lege. Baltimore. Died iu Philadelphia, March 22, 
1842. 

Rainey, Josepli H.; was born in Georgetown, 
.South Carolina, in slavery, .June 21, 1832; acquired 
a good educition. and improved his mind by observa- 
tion and travel: his father was a barber, and he fol- 
lowed that occui>;it ion iu Charleston until 18:)2;then 
escaped to the West Indies, where he rem;iit!ed until 
the close of the war; returned to his native town; was 
elected a Delegate to the State Constitutional Con- 
vention of 1868: was a member of the State Senateof 
South Carolina in 1870; was elected a l\ei>re.sentative 
from South Carolina to the Forty-lirst, Forty-second. 
Fort.v-third. aird Forty-fourth Congresses, serving on , 
the Committees on Freedmeu's Alfairs :ind Indian 
Aflairs; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Ramsay, David ; was born in Pennsylvania. 
April 2, 1749; graduated at Princeton College in 176.5; 
studied medicine in Philadelphia and received a Di- 
ploma from the ^ledical College of that city in 1772; 
after a short sojourn in Maryland, removed to South 
Carolina in 1773, and settled in Charleston, where he 
attained eminence in his profession; served in the 
Carolina I.egislatvire throughout- the Revolutionary 
War; was also in the army, as Surgeon; published 
much in bchalE of the American cause; was one of 
the Privy Council and was banished to St. Augus- 
tine; was a Delegate to Congress from .South Caro- 
lina from 1782 to 1786, and was temporary President 
during the sickness of Hancock; in 1785 publi.shed 
the " History of the Revolution in South Carolina "; 
in 1790 the " History of the American Revolution ": 
in 1801 a " Life of Washington " ; in 1808 a " Histor;. 
of South Carolina"; also wrote .a " Historv of tb- 
United States," aud a '" Univers.al History," which 
were published after his death. Died Ma.y 7, 1815, 
from a wound received in the street from a maniac. 

Ramsay, Nathaniel ; was a Revolutionary 
Patriot of Maryland: graduated at New .lersey Col- 
lege in 1767; was severely wounded at the battle of 
.Monmouth, while checking the I'.ritish column until 
Washington could rally his troops; was made pris- 
oner at Charleston; was exchanged December 14, 
1780; was a Dele.gate from Maryland to the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1785 to ri-<7. Died Oi-tober 25. 
1817. He was a brother of David Ramsay, the his- 
torian. 

Ramsay, Robert ; was l>oru in I'enn.sylvania: 
was a K'eprcsentative in Congress from that Stat€ 
from 1S:',3 to 1835, and again from l^^H to 1843. 



41U 



BIOQKA PHICAL ANNALS. 



Ramsey, Alexander ; was bom in Dauphiu 
County, near Hanisburg, Pennsylvania, September 
8 1815; was a Clerk in the office of the Register ot 
that county in 18-28; was Secretary of the Electoral 
College of Pennsylvania in 184ii; in 1841 was elected 
ClerlTof the State House of Representatives; was a 
Representative in Congress fioni Pennsylvania from 
1843 to 184T; in 1848 was Chairman of the State Cen- 
tral Committee of Pennsylvania; in 1849 was ap- 
pointed, by President Taylor, the first Territorial 
Governor of Minnesota, holding the office until i>io.i, 
durini' which service he took part (in 1849) m nego- 
tiating a treaty at Mendota for the extinction of the 
title ol' the Sioux half-breeds to the lands on Lake 
Pepin; in 1851 negotiated another treaty with the 
Sioux nation, by wliich the government acquired all 
the lands in Minnesota west of the Mississippi River, 
and opened that State to the large population now 
settled there; also made a treaty with the Chippewa 
Indians on Red River, which he followed up with an- 
other in 1853; in 1855 was Mayor of the city ol St. 
Paul, Minnesota; was elected Governor of the State 
of Minnesota in 1858, and served until 1862; in 1863 
was elected a Senator in Congress from Minnesota, 
for the term ending in 1869. serving on the Commit- 
tees on Naval Affairs, Post Offices and Post Roads, 
Patents, and the Patent Office, Expenses in the Sen- 
ate, Pacific Railroad, and as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Revolutionary Pensions, and of those also 
on Revolutionary Claims, Post Offices and Post Roads, 
and Territories; was also a member of the National 
Committee appointed to accompany the remains ot 
President Lincoln to Illinois; was re-elected for the 
term ending in 1875. 

Ramsey, William ; was born at Sterrett's Gap, 
Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, September 7, 
1779; in 1803 was appointed Surveyor of his native 
county, an office held by his father during the Revo- 
lution; also held the offices of Prothonotary, Regis- 
ter, Recorder, and Clerk of the Orphans' Court; stud- 
ied law and practiced with success; in 1826 was 
elected a member of Congress from Pennsylvania; was 
re-elected in 1828 and 1830. Died in September. 
1831, at Carlisle, Pennsylvania. 

Ramsey, ■William S.; was born at Carlisle, 
Pennsylvania, June 12, 1810; was educated at Dick- 
inson College, but, on account of ill-health, did not 
graduate; traveled in Europe; was an attache to the 
American Legation in London, and formed the ac- 
quaintance of Sir Walter Scott and Cieneral Lafay- 
ette; returning to Carlisle, was admitted to the bar 
in 1832; was elected a Representative in Congress 
in 1838; was re-elected in 1840. Died at Baltimore, 
October 17, 1840, a few weeks after his last election. 

Randall, Alexander; was bom in Maryland; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1841 to 1843, serving on the Committee on District of 
Columbia. 

Randall, Alexander "W.; was born in Mont- 
gomery County, New York, in October, 1819; re- 
ceived a good education; studied law; removed to 
Wisconsin in 1840; practiced his profession for many 
years at Waukesha, Wisconsin; was appointed, by 
President Taylor, Postmaster of that place; in 1854 
was elected to the State Legislature; in 1856 was ap- 
pointed Judge of the Second Judicial District of the 
State; in 1857 and 1859 was elected Governor of Wis- 
consin; early in 1861 was appointed, by President 
Lincoln, Minister Resident to Italy; on his return, at 
the close of the war, was appointed Assistant Post- 
master-General; in 1866 entered President John- 
son's Cabinet as Postmaster-General ; was subse- 



quently engaged in prosecuting claims before the 
General Government. Died at Elmira, New York, 
July 25, 1872. 

Randall, Archibald ; was born at Philadelphia, 
PenrLsylvania, in 1800; studied law; was admitted to 
the bar in 1818; practiced with success for more than 
twenty-five years; in 1834 was appointed Judge of 
the Court of Common Pleas at Philadelphia, Penn- 
sylvania, where he resided; in 1842 was appointed 
Judge of the United States District Court for the 
East«rn District of Pennsylvania; in 1844 presided 
over both the District and Circuit Courts; his decis- 
ions in bankruptcy are in the Peiiniii/lcanw Law Jour- 
nal, from 1842 to 1846. Died at Philadelphia, May 
30, 1846. 

Randall, Benjamin ; was born in Massachusetts 
in 1789; graduated at Bowdoin College in 1809; stud- 
ied law; was admitted to the bar in 1814, and com- 
menced practice in Bath, Maine, where he resided for 
forty -five years; was a member of the State Senate in 
1833; was' a Representative in Congress from Maine 
from 1839 to 1843, and a member of the Comrnittee 
on Invalid Pensions; was appointed, by President 



Tavlor. Collector of the port of Bath, Maine. Died 
at that place, October 14, 1857. 

Randall, Samuel J.; was bom at Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania, October 10, 1828; was educated in 
that city; was bred a merchant; served four years in 
the Councils of his native city; served one term in 
the State Senate of Pennsylvania; in 1862 was elected 
a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Committee on Pub- 
lic Buildings and (Jrounds; wa-s re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Banking and Currency, and Expen<litures in the 
State Department, and Retrenchment; was re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Retrenchment and on the Assassination of President 
Lincoln, as well as his old committees; was re- 
elected to the four succeeding Congresses, serving on 
the Committees on Rules, Banking, and Elections; at 
the openinu of the Forty-fourth Congress was a prom- 
inent though unsuccessful candidate for Speaker; in 
December, 1875, was appointed Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Appropriations; was elected Speaker of 
the House to fill the vacancy caused by the death of 
M. C. Kerr; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress 
and re-elected Speaker; was re-elected to the Forty- 
sixth Congress and again re-elected Speaker; was 
also re-elected to the Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, 
and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Randall, T.; was a native of Maryland; was well 
educated, and a lawyer by profession; removed to 
Tallahassee, Florida; was appointed United States 
Judge for the Territory of Florida, holding the po- 
sition until 1832. 

Randall, "William H.; was born in Kentucky; 
studied law, and come to the bar in 1835; in 1836 
was appointed Clerk of the Circuit and County Court 
of Laurel County, Kentucky, which position he held 
untU 1851 ; after the adoption of the State Constitu- 
tion, held the office one year by election; was elected 
a Representative from Kentucky to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Foreign Af- 
fairs; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Foreign Afiairs, and 
Expenditures on the Public Buildings; was a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention" of 
1866. 

Randolph, Beverly ; graduated at William and 
Mary College in 1771; was a member of the Virginia 



BIOGKA I'HICAL ANNALS. 



411 



Assembly during the Revolution; was Governor of 
Virginia IVom 1788 to 1791. Died February, 1797, 
aged forty -three years. 

Randolph, Edmund; was a native of Virgiuia; 
was an eminent lawyer, and a warm supporter of the 
Revolution: was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1779 to 1783; in 1788 was a 
member of the Convention which framed the Consti- 
tution of the United States, but voted against its 
adoption: in 1788 was Governor of Virginia; in 1789 
was Attorney-General of the United States; in 1794 
was Secretary of State of the United States, but. en- 
gaging in an intrigue with the French Minister, lost 
the confidence of the Cabinet, and resigned in 179.'>. 
Died September 12, 1813. 

Randolph, James F. ; was born in Middlesex 
County, New Jersey, June 26, 1791 ; received a com- 
mon school education; served an apprenticeship to 
the printing business; became editor of the Fre- 
donian, a weekly newspaper, in 1812, and continued 
in that capacity for thirty years; was appointed Col- 
lector of Internal Revenue of the United States in 
1815, and held that office until the close of the war in 
Te.xas; was subsequently Clerk of the Court of Com- 
mon Pleas for his native County; was, for two years, 
a member of the State Legislature; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from New Jersey, from 1828 to 
1833; was afterwards President of a bank in New 
Brunswick, New Jei-sev, for ten veara. Died in .Jer- 
sey City. March 19, 1871. 

Randolph, James Henry; was born in Jeffer- 
.s<ui County. Tennessee, October 19, 1825; wa? edu- 
cated at Halston College, Tennessee; studied law; 
began to practice in 1850; was a Representative in 
the State Legislature in 1857, 1858. 1860, and 1861; 
was a State Senator in 1865; was elected .Tudge of the 
Second .ludicial Circuit of the State in 1869, and re- 
elected in 1870, under the new Constitution, holding 
the office until he resigned to accept the nomination 
for Congressman ; wa.s elected a Representative from 
Tennessee to the Forty-tifth Congress. 

Randolph, John, of Roanoke ; was born in 
Chesterfield, Virginia, June 2, 1773, and claimed de- 
scent, through his grandmother, from Pocahontas, 
the daughter of Powhatan, the great Indian chief: 
his father died in 1775, leaving three sons and a 
large estate; his mother was married, in 1783, to St. 
George Tucker, who was his guardian during his mi- 
nority; his early life was spent at difterent places, 
under different instructors, of most of whom he said 
" he never learned anything"; p.issed a short time 
;it Princeton College, Columbia College, and at William 
and Mary College: for a time studied lav,- with Ed- 
uiund Randolph: was elected a Representative in 
Congress in 1799, and continued a member of the 
Honse of Representatives, with the exception of two 
intervals of t%vo yciirs each, until 1823; in that year 
\v:is a member of the Convention to revise the Consti- 
ntion of Virginia, and was afterwards appointed 
Minister Plenipotentiary to Russia, by President 
Jackson, in 1830; during one of the intervals alluded 
to, from 1825 to 1827. was a Senator of the United 
States; was never married, and w;us possessed of a 
large estate on the Roanoke. Died at Philadelphia, 
May 21. 1833. while about to depart for Europe for 
the restoration of his feeble health. He was distin- 
guished alike for his genius, his effective eloquence, 
1 remarkable power of sarcasm in debate, and for many 
' centricities of thought and manner. He had a 
tjuarrel with Henry Clay whicli resulted in a duel, 
when he allowed himself to be shot at and then threw 



away his fire; was noted for his love of horses, and, 
for many years, while attending Congress, resided in 
Cieorgetow'n, District of Columbia, from which place 
he was in the habit of driving to the Capitol in regal 
style, in a barouche, drawn by four blooded-horses. 

Randolph, Joseph Fitz ; was born in New Jer- 
sey in 1803; obtained an ordinary school education, 
after which he studied law; was licensed to practice 
in 1825; settled at Monmouth Court House, and was 
appointed State's Attorney for the county; was a 
Representative in Congress from 1837 to 1843, and 
during one term was Chairman of the Committee on 
Revolutionary Claims; in 1844 was a member of the 
Convention which framed the State Constitution; in 
1845 was appointed a Judge of the Supreme Court of 
New .Ter.sey for a term of seven ye-irs. after which he 
resumed the practice of his profession at Trenton; 
was a member of the "Peace Congress " of 1861. 

Randolph, Peter; was born in Maryland; on 
removing to ^Iississippi. was appointed a .lodge of 
the United States Court for the District of Missis- 
sippi. 

Randolph, Peyton ; was born in Virginia in 
1723: was one of the most distinguished lawyers and 
patriots of that State: in 17,56 wiis appointed King's 
Attorney for the Colony of Virginia, and held the 
office for many years; in 1766 was elected Speaker of 
the House of Burgesses; in 1773 was a member of the 
Committee on Correspoiulence; was a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress from 1774 to 1775. and was the 
first President of that body. Died suddenly, in Phil- 
adelphia. October 22, 1775. aged fifty-two years. 

Randolph, Theodore F.; was born at New 
Brunswick. New .Tersey. .Tune 24. 1826; was con- 
nected by marriage with Chief .Tustice Marshall, and 
cast his first vote in Mississippi; resided in Hudson 
County. New Jersey, from 1850 to 1862; then re- 
moved to Morristown: in 1860 was elected to the 
House of Assembly, and declined the Speakership of 
that body; in 1861 was Chairman of the Special 
Committee on the '"Peace Congress." and inaugur- 
ated the measure for the relief of the families of 
soldiers; in 1861 w.is elected State Senator, to fill an 
unexpired term, and re-elected in 1862. serving until 
1865; in 1862 was appointed Commissioner of Draft 
for Hiulson County: in 18(i7 was elected President of 
the Morris and E.ssex Railroad Compaiiy : was elected 
Governor of New .Tersey in 1S68; caused a repeal of 
the ■' Odious Camden and Amboy Monopoly Tax," 
and established a general railway law; made the 
State Prison system self-supporting; suggested the 
plan for the new State Lunatic Asylum, now the 
largest in the world; also settled a fued of thirty 
years' standing between the Erie and Delaware Rail- 
roads; after the expiration of his term as Governor 
engaged in farming and mining; was elected X.'uited 
States Senator from New Jersey in 1874 lor six years; 
was a member of the " National Democratic Conven- 
tions " of 1864 and 1872. Died at his home, No- 
vember 7, 1883. 

Randolph, Thomas Mann; was a native of 
Virginia; was a Representative in Congress fiom 
1803 to 1807; was appointed Colonel of the Twen- 
tieth Infantry in 1813; was Governor of Virginia 
from 1819 to" 1823. Died at Monticello, June 20, 
1828. 

Rankin Christopher ; was born in Washing- 
ton County, Penn.sylvania; was a Representative in 
Congress from Mississippi, from 1819 to 1826. Died 
March 14, 1826. in Wa.shington City. 



41-: 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Rankin, Joseph ; was born at Passaic, New 
Jersey, Septejnber 35, ISnii; received an academic 
education; removed to Wisconsin, and settled at 
Manitowac; served three years in the Union Armj' 
during the Civil War; served in the State Legisla- 
ture eleven year.s; was Chairman of the Democratic 
State Central Committee; was a Delegate to the 
Democratic National Conventions of 1876 and 1880; 
-was elected a Representative from Wisconsin to the 
Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses. Died at 
AVasiiiugton, District of Columbia, November 8, 
1885. 

Ranney, Ambrose A.; was born at Townshend, 
Termont. April Ifi, 1821: graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 1844; studied law. and commenced prac- 
tice in Boston, Massacbnsetts. in 1848; was Corpora- 
tion Counsel in 1855 and 185fi; was a Representative 
in the State Legislature in 18.57, I8G.1, and 1864; 
•was elected a Representative from Massachusetts to 
the Forty-seventh. Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth 
Congresses. 

Ransier, Alonzo J.; was born in Charleston, 
South Carolina, in .January, 1834; was self-educated; 
was employed as shipping-clerk; was one of the fore- 
most in tlie work of Reconstruction in 1865; was a 
member of a "Convention of the Friends of Equal 
Rights'' in October, 1865, at Charleston, and was 
deputed to present the memorial there framed to 
( ongress: was elected to the State Constitutional 
Convention of 1868; to the State Legislature in 1868; 
was Chairman of the State Republican Committee, 
which position he held until 1873; was elected a 
Presidential Elector in 1868; Lieutenant-Governor 
in 1870; was President of the Convention at Columbia 
in 1871 : was a Vice-President of the " Philadelphia 
Couveniion " in 1872; was elected to the Forty-third 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Manufactures. 

Ransom, Epaphroditus ; was bom in Massa- 
chusetts; received a collegiate education; studied law 
and was admitted to the bar in his native State; re- 
moved to Michigan about the time that it became a 
State and settled at Kalamazoo; sewed a number of 
years in the Legislature; w.as .hulgc of the Supreme 
Couit, wliere his tield of labor was very extensive; 
subsetiuently. taking a special interest in the build- 
ing of plauk roads iu his section of country, became 
involved, and in that manner lost the I)ulk of. his 
property; resigned his Judgeship in 1845; from 1847 
to 1840 was Covei-nor of the State; afterwards made 
himself usefnl to the State by acting as President of 
the ^Michigan .\gTicultur.al Society; was appointed, 
by President Puchanan, Receiver of the Land Office 
for one of the districts of Kansas, and died there be- 
fore the expiration of his term. He \vas a man of 
sound sense, and left a worthy reputation in Michi- 
g;an; was, on several occasions, appointed a Regent of 
the State TJnivorsit.w 

Ransom, Mathe^w 'W.; was bom in Warren 
County. North Carolina. October 8, 1826; received an 
academic education; graduated at the University of 
North C;u-olina in 1847; studied law and came to the 
bar in 1847; was elected Attorney-General of North 
Carolina in 1852, and resigned in 18.55; was a mem-' 
ber of the Legislature in 1858, 18.59, and 1860; was a 
Peace Commissioner from the State to the Congress 
of Southern States at Montgomery, Alabama, in 
1861; entered the Confederate Army; was Lieutenant- 
Colonel, Brigadier-General, and Major-General, and 
surrendered at Appomattox; was elected to the 
United States Senate in 1872 for the term ending in 
1877, serving on the Committees on Patents, I'oliti- 



cal Disabilities, .Revision of Laws, and Military 
Affairs; was re-elected for the term of six yftars, in 
1876, and again re-elected in 1883. 

Rantoul, Robert; was born in Beverly, Massa- 
chusetts, May 13, 1805; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1826. studied law; was admitted to the bar 
in 1827, and settled in practice at South Reading; 
removed to Gloucester in 1832; was elected to the 
State Legislature in 1834, and in 1837 a member of 
the Massachnsetts Board of Education; in 1838 re- 
moved to Boston; in 1843 was appointed Collector of 
that port; in 1845 was appointed, by President Polk, 
United States District Attorney for Massachusetts; 
in 1851 succeeded Mr. AVebster iu the United States 
Senate, but remained there only a short time; was a 
Representative in Congress from 1851 to the time of 
his death, which occurred at W^ashington, August 7, 
1852. His writings have since been published in a 
large volume. 

Rapier, James T.; was born in Florence, Ala- 
bama, in 1840; was educated in Canada; was ap- 
pointed Notary Public in 1866; was a member of the 
first Republican Convention held in Alabama; repre- 
sented Lauderdale County in the Constitutional Con- 
vention in 1867: was appointed Asses.sor of Internal 
Revenue in 1871; was State Commissioner to the 
Vienna Exposition in 1873; was elected to the Forty- 
third Congress, serving on the Committees on Educa- 
tion and Labor; was re-elected to the Forty-lb mth 
Congress. 

Rariden, James ; was a native of Kentucky; 
was an early settler of the White Water Valley, In- 
diana; was self-educated ; became eminent as a law- 
yer; was a Representative in C<)ngress from Indiana 
from 1837 to 1841. Died at Cambridge City in that 
State. 

Rathbun, George; was born in New York; was 

a Representative in Congress fi-om that State from. 
1843 to 1847. 

Rauin, Green B.; was born in Golconda, Pope 
County. Illinois, December 3. 1829; received a good 
education and ;idopte(l the profession of the law; in 
1861 participated iu the war for the Union as Major 
of the Fiftv-sixth Illinois Volimteers; was promoted 
to the r.ank of Colonel in 1862; to the rank of Brevet 
Brigadier-General in 1864; to the full rank of Briga- 
dier in 1865, serving in the Army of the Tennessee 
until January of the latter year; commanded a brig- 
ade with General McPherson during the siege of 
Vicksburg; went with General Sherman to Chatta- 
nooga in 1863, commanding a brigade; was at the 
battle of Mission Ridge, and commanded a brigade 
during the great march through Georgia in 1864; in 
1866 was elected a Representative from Illinois to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Mileage, and Military Afiiiirs; was Commissioner of 
Internal Revenue from 1876 to 1883, when he resigned 
and engaged in the practice of law in Washington 
City. 

Ra'wlins, John A.; was born in Galena, Illinois, 
February 13, 1831; received an academic education; 
studied law and came to the bar in 1854; from the 
outset of the Rebellion he espoused the Union cause; 
went upon the statf of his personal friend, General 
Grant, as Assistant Adjutant-General; after seeing 
much service in the field, rose, by degrees, to the 
rank of Major-General by brevet, commissioned as 
such March 13, 1865; served as Chief of Staflf to the 
General commanding the armies; on the accession of 



lilC.GliAPHICAL AiJNALS. 



413 



General Grant to the Presidency, General Rawlins 
WHS appointed Secretary of War. Died in Washing- 
ton, September 6, 1669. 

Ray, George W.; was born atOtselic, Cliensingo 
County, New York, February 3, 1844; received an 
academic education; served in the Union Anny dur- 
ing the war of the Kebelliou; studied law, and was 
ailmittcd to the bar in 18H7; engaged in the practice 
of his profession at Norwich, New York; was Chair- 
man of the Eepublican Connty Committee for several 
years; was a Delegate to the Republican State Con- 
vention in 1880; a member of the Repul)lican State 
Committee in 1880 and 1881; was elected a Represent- 
ative tiom New York to the Forty-eighth Congre.ss. 

Ray, James B. ; was Governor of Indiana from 
1825 to 1831. 

Ray, Ossian ; was born at Hinesburg. Vermont. 
December 13, 1835; received an academic education; 
studied law; removed to Lancaster, New Ham])shire. 
in 1854; was admitted to the bar and commenced 
practice in 1857; was Solicitor for Coos Connty from 
i8(>2 to 1872; was a Representative in tlic State Legis- 
lature in 1868 and ISlJO; was a Delegate to tlie Repub- 
lican National Convention of 1872; was United States 
District Attorney in 1879 and 1880; resigned to take 
his seat as a Representative from New Hampshire to 
the Forty-sixth Congress, to fill the vacancy caus( d 
by the death of Evart.s W. Farr; was re-elected to 
the Fortj-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Ray, "William H.; was born in Dutchess Conn- 
ty, New York, December 14, 1812: removed to OneiiUi 
County in 1813, and in 1834 to Illinois; received a 
common school education : was a merchant and 
banker; in 1869 was appointed one of the Board of 
Equalizers; was elected to the Forty-third CougreiiS, 
serving on the Committee on Agriculture. 

Rajnnond, Henry J.; was born at Lima, Liv- 
ingston County, New York. January 24, 1820; as a 
boy worked upon his father's farm in suunner, and 
attended school in winter: became a teacher in a dis- 
trict school when sixteen years of age; graduated at 
the University of Vermont in 1840; soon afterwards 
removed to New York City; while studying law, 
taught the classics and wrote for tlie Xew Yorkir; in 
1841 became the managing editor of the New York 
Tribunr, and did much for its reputation; subse- 
quently became the leading editor of the New York 
Courier and Enquirer, pertbrming at the same time 
the duties of reader for the tirm of Harper Brothers; 
in 1 849 was elected to the State Assembly; was re- 
elected and made Speaker; relinqnishing his position 
on the Courier on account of his health, tra\eled in 
Europe; on his return, in 1851, established the New- 
York Times, which was eminently successful; in 1852 
attended the "Baltimore Convention " as a reporter, | 
but became a delegate, and took an important part | 
in its proceedings; in 1856 became a leader in the 
Republican party; was subsequently chosen Lieuten- i 
ant-Governor of New York; was a Delegate to the 
"Chicago Convention " of 1869: was again elected to 
the State Legislature: in ISIM was elected a Repre- 
sentative from New York to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Appropriations. 
on Rules, and Foreign Affairs, and as Chairman of a 
Special Committee on the Ventilation of the Hall of 
Representatives; visited Euro])e a second time, and 
Trrote a series of war letters, which attracted much 
attention: in 1^65 published a "Life of Abraham 
Lincoln," inclnding a history of his administration, 
ivhich was subsequently amplitied and i)ublished as 
the ■ Life. Public .Services, and State Papers of Abra- 



ham Lincoln"; was a Delegate to the Phil.adelphia 
" National Convention " of 1806. Died in New York, 
June 18, 1869. 

Raymond, John B,; was born at Lockport, 
New York, DecemlierS, 1844; received a good edtica- 
tion; removed to Tazewell County, Illinois, in 1853; 
served in the Union Army throughout the War of the 
Rebellicm, rising to the rank of (.'aptain; in 1865 re- 
moved to Jlississippi and published the Jlississippi 
Pilot, at Jackson, in that State; in 1877 was ap- 
pointed United States Marshal lor the Territory of 
Dakota, and served five years, declining a re-appoint- 
ment; was elected the Delegate from Dakota to the 
Forty-eighth Congress. Died December 27. 1885. 

Rayner, Kenneth ; was born in Bertie County, 
North Carolina, May 2, 1810; received an academic 
education; studied law, but did not practice; entered 
l>ublic life in 1835 as a member of the House of 
Commons, and the same year was a member of the 
Couvcntion to revise the State Constitution ; .served 
again in the local Legislature in 1836 and 183■^; was 
a Rex)re.sentative in Congress from 1839 to 1845. and 
a Presidential Elector in 1848; in 1846, for the third 
time, went into the Legislature; in 186(i published 
the "Life and .Services of Andrew .Johnson"; in 
.lune, 1877, was appointed Solicitor of the Treasury 
of the United .States. Died at Washington, Febru- 
ary 5, 1884. 

Rea, David ; was born in Ripley County, Indi- 
ana, .lannaiy 19, 1831: received an academic educa- 
tion; renio\ed to Missouri in 1842, and settled at 
Savannah; studied law: was achnitted to practice in 
1862: was elected a Representative from ilissouri to 
the Forty-iifth Congress. 

Rea, John; was a Representative in Congre-ss 
from rennsylvania fVom fsii:; tn 1811, and again 
from 1813 to 1315. 

Read, Almon H.; was born iu Shelburnc, Ver- 
mont, June 12, 1790; graduated at WUliamstowji 
College; studied law; removing to Pennsylvania Avas 
frequently elected to the State I^egislatuie; also to 
the Senate; iu 1840 was appointed Treasurer of the 
State; in 1841 w;is elected lo (ill a vacancy in the 
National House of Representatives, and re-elected to 
thesucceeding Congress: was a member of the '" State 
Constitutional Convention' of 1836. , Died at Mon- 
trose, I'eunsylvania, Jnne 3. 1814. 

Read, Georg-e ; was born in Cecil County, Mary- 
hmd, in 1733: removed, with his father, to New 
Castle County, Delaware; w.is educated lor .the law, 
was admitted to the b;u- in Philadelphia :it the age 
of nineteen, and practiced his profession in New 
Castle: was made Attorney-General ol' the three 
lower counties on the Delaware in 1763. and held tlie 
office until he was chosen a Delegate to Congress in 
1775; in 1776 was a signer of the Declaration of In- 
dependence; was President of the Convention which 
framed the first Constitution of Delaware; was also a 
member of the Convention which framed (be Federal 
Constitution, and signed that instrument; w;is 
elected a member of the United States ."^eu;ite, serv- 
ing from 1789 to 1793; was then appointed Chief .Tu-s- 
tice of the Supreme Court of Delaware, in which 
office he remained until his death in 1798: was on© 
of those who voted for locating the Seat of Govern- 
ment on the Potomac. 

Read, J.; was a Delegate from Pennsylvania to 
the Continental Congress in 1787 and 1788. 



)11 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Read, Jacob ; was a Delegate from South Caro- 
lina to the Continental Congress from 1783 to 1786; 
was elected a Senator in Congress from that State for 
the term from 1795 to 1802, serving a short time as 
President pro tern- of that body; in 1801 was ap- 
pointed, by President Adams, Judge of the United 
States District Court of South Carolina. 

Read, John Meredith. ; was bom in Philadel- 
phia in 1837; son of the eminent Judge bearing the 
same name; graduated at Brown University in 18.58; 
at the Albany Law School in 1859; was admitted to 
the bar in Philadelphia, but settled in Albany, New 
York; was Adjutant-General of New York during the 
Rebellion; Trustee of Cornell University; was the 
author of a work on " Plants and Animals," one on 
' ' Hendrick Hudson, ' ' and also of many miscellaneous 
■writings; was Consul-General at Paris; in 1873 was 
appointed Minister Resident to Greece. 

Read, Lazarus H.; was an early emigrant to 
Utah; in 1853 was appointed Judge of the United 
States Court for the Territory of Utah. 

Read, Nathan ; was born in Essex County, Mas- 
sachusetts, in 1760; graduated at Harvard University 
in 1781, and, two years afterwards, officiated as tutor 
in that institution; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Massachusetts from 1800 to 1803, having 
succeeded S. Seawell; removed to"Hallowell, Maine, 
and was, for many years, Judge of the Court of Com- 
mon Pleas; was devoted to science, and a petitioner 
for a patent for an invention before the Patent Laws 
were enacted; before the time of Fulton's experi- 
ments, had tried the effect of steam upon a boat in 
Wenham Pond. Died "at Hallovvell, Maine, Jan- 
uary 20,1819. 

Read, Thomas B.; was a Senator in Congress 
from Mississippi from 1826 to 1827, and also during 
the session of 1829. Died suddenly at Le.xington, 
Kentucky, November 20, 1829, while on his way to 
Washington. He was in the meridian of life, and a 
man of talent. 

Read, "William B.; was born in Hardin County, 
Kentucky, December 14, 1820; studied law and came 
to the bar in 1849; was appointed Visitor to "West 
Point in lS5(i; was elected to the State Senate of 
Kentucky in 1857, and again in 18f)l; was a Dele- 
gate to the National Democratic Conventions of 
Charleston and Baltimore in 186(1, and of Chicago in 
1864; was elected to the Legislature of Kentucky in 
1867; was elected to the Forty-second and Forty- 
third Congre.sses, serving on the Committee on Post 
Offices and Post Koads. 

Reade, EdTwin Gr.; was born in Orange County, 
North Carolina, November 13, 1812; received a liberal 
education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 
1836, in Person County, North Carolina, and engaged 
in a lucrative practice; was elected a Representative 
in Congress in 1855, serving until 1857; was a mem- 
ber and President of the '" Reconstruction Conven- 
tion," held in Raleigh, North Carolina, in 1865. 

Reading, John R.; was born in Philadelphia 
County, Peunsyhania; November 1, 1826; graduated 
at the Jefferson JMcdical College, and entered upon 
the practice of medicine; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Pennsylvania to the Forty-tirst Congress, 
serving on the Committees on the Militia, and Re- 
trenchment. 

Ready, Charles ; was born at Ready ville, 
Eutheiford County, Tennessee, December 22, 1802; 
graduated at Greenville College, and received from 



the Nashville University the degree of Master of 
Arts; was bred a lawyer, and practiced his profe.ssion 
with success ; was a member of the Tennessee Legis- 
lature in 1835, and closely identified with the or- 
ganization of the .Judiciary; by special commission 
twice presided in the Supreme Court of Tennessee; 
was elected a Representative in Congress from that 
State in 1853, to which position he was twice re- 
elected, and was a member of the Committee on the 
Judiciary; he took jjart in the Rebellion. 

Reagan, John H.; was born in Sevier Counly, 
Tennessee, October 8, 1818; became a lawyer by 
profession; was appointed Deputy Surveyor in the 
Republic of Texas in 1810; in 1843 was a Justice of 
the Peace, and a Militia Captain; in 1846, Probate 
Judge and Colonel of Militia; was elected a member 
of the Legislature in 1847; was a Judge of the Dis- 
trict Court from 1852 to 1857; in 1856 was elected a 
member of the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Indian Alfairs, and Expenditures in 
the Post Office Department; was re-elected to tiie 
Thirty-sixth Congress; withdrew in February, 1861, 
and became Postmaster-General of the Confederate 
Government; was subsequently confined as a Prisoner 
of State in Fort "Warren; was released by order of 
President .Johnson ; was elected to the Forty-fourth 
Congress as a Representative from Texas, and was 
re-elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty- 
seventh, Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Reavis, Isaac; was born in Illinois; removed 
to Nebraska; was appointed from that Territory 
an Associate Justice of the United States Court 
for the Territory of Arizona, residing in Arizona 
City. 

Rector, Henry M.; was Governor of Arkansas 
from 1860 to 1864. 

Reding, John R.; was born in New Hamp- 
shire; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1841 to 1845; from 1853 to 1858 held the 
office of Naval Storekeeper at Portsmouth. 

Reed, Charles M.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1843 to 1845. 

Reed, Ed'ward C; was born in Fitzwilliam, 
New Hampshire, March 8, 1793; graduated at Dart- 
mouth College in 1812; settled at Homer, New York, 
as a lavi^er; was a Representative in Congress from 
New York from 1831 to 1833. 

Reed, Isaac ; was born in "Waldoborough, Maine, 
in 1810; was a merchant by occupation; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Maine from 1852 to 1853, 
served six years in the State Legislature; was State 
Treasurer in 1856; was President of the "Waldobor- 
ough Bank. 

Reed, John ; was born In Plymouth County, 
Massachusetts ; graduated at Yale College in 1772; 
was ordained a minister of the Gospel in 1780, and 
settled at "West Bridge water, Massachusetts; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1795 
to 1801. Died February 17, 1831, aged eighty years. 

Reed, John ; was born at Bridgewater, Massa- 
chusetts, in 1781 ; was a graduate of Brown Univers- 
ity in 1803; a lawyer by profession; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from Slassachusetts from 1813 to 
1817, and again from 1821 to 1841; was Lieutenant- 
Governor of Massachusetts from 1844 to 1851. Died 
at Bridgewater, November 25, 1860. 



BlOGKAFiilCAL ANNAJ..S. 



115 



Reed, Joseph ; was born in New Jersey, August 
27, 1741; graduated at Princeton College in 1757; 
studied law at the Teuiiile in London; in 1774 was 
one of the Committee of Correspondence in Philadel- 
phia; was President of the first popular convention 
in Pennsylvania; accompanied Washington as nn Aid 
when he went to Cambridge, and remained with him 
through the campaign; in 1776 was appointed Adju- 
tant-General of the army; was appointed a General 
of Cavalry, but declined the position, though he was 
present at the battle of Germantown; was a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress from 1777 to 1778, and a 
signer of the Articles of Confederation; was President 
of PennsylTania in the latter year, continuing in the 
ofiice until 1781. when he resumed the practice of 
law; in 1784 visited England for his health, hut 
without benelicial results. l>ied .March 4, 1785. An 
attempt was made, by the British, to bribe him, but 
it was treated with the utmost scorn. 

Reed, Philip ; was born in Kent County, Mary- 
land ; was a Senator in Congress from Maryland from 
1806 to 1813: was a Representative in Congress from 
1817 to 1819, and again from 1822 to 1823, having 
successfully contested the seat of Jeremiah Causden. 
Died November 2, 1829. 

Reed, Robert R.; was born in Pennsylvania: 
studied medicine and practiced the profession; serxcd 
one or two terms in the Legislature of Pennsylvani:i; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1849 to 1851. Died at Harrisburg, December 
15, 1864. 

Reed, Thomas B.; was bom at Portland, Maine, 
October 18, 1839; graduated at Bowdoin College in 
1860; studied law; was Acting Assistant Paymaster 
United States Navy in 1864 and 1865; was admitted 
to the bar in 1865 and commenced practice at Port- 
land; was a Representative in the State Legislature 
in 1868 and 1869, and a State Senator in 1870; was 
Attorney-General of the State from 1870 to 1872; was 
elected a Representative from Maine to the Forty- 
fifth, Forty-si.xth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and 
Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Reed, William ; was a n.ative of Massachusetts; 
an eminent merchant, and highly esteemed for his 
benevolent and religious character; was a member of 
Congress from Massachusetts from 1811 to 1815: was 
President of the Sabbath-school Union of Massachu- 
setts, and of the American Tract Society ; Vice-Presi- 
dent of the American Education Society; a member 
of the Board of Visitors of the Theological Seminary 
at Andover, and of the Board of Trustees of Dart- 
mouth College; besides liljeral bequests to heirs and 
relatives, he left .868,000 to benevolent objects, of 
which $17,000 were to Dartmouth College, $10,000 to 
Amherst College, §10,000 to the Board of Commis- 
sioners for Foreign Missions, $9,000 to the First 
Church and Society in Marblehead, $7,000 to the 
Second Congregational Church at Marblehead, and 
$5,000 to the Library of the Tlicological Seminary 
at Andover. Died at Marblehiad, February 18, 1837, 
very suddenly, while attending a Sabbath-school 
meetiiig. 

Reed, "William Bradford ; was bom in Phila- 
delphia, June 30, 1806; gradiuited at the University 
of Pennsylvania in 1822; w.is .Utorney-General in 
Pennsylvania in 1838; w as United States Ministerto 
China in 1857 and 1858, and negotiated the Treaty 
ratified in 1861 ; w.as the author of " Life and Corres- 
pondence of Joseph Reed." " Life of Esther Reed," 
" Vindication of Joseph Reed," in reply to Bancroft's 
History, in several pamphlets; edited the posthumus 



works of his brother Henry, and i)ublished a large 
number of histniical addresses and political })ava- 
phlets; also contributed to the Americun Qiunirrli/, 
and North American Kemew; passed the latter years 
of his Ufe in the citv of New York, where he died 
Febniary 18, 1886. 

Reese, David A.; w;i,s born in South Carolina; 
^^ as a Representative in Congress from Georgia from 
1853 to 1855. 

Reese, Seaborn ; was born at Madison, Georgia, 
November 28, 1846; was cduc:\ted partly at the Uni- 
versity of Georgia, leaving that institution in his 
senior year, 1868; commenced the practice of law in 
1869; in 1872 was elected a Representative in the 
State Legislature for the term of two years; was So- 
licitor-General of the Northern .Judicial Circuit from 
1377 to 1880; was a Presidential Elector in 1880; v as 
elected a Representative from Georgia to the Forty- 
seventh Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the 
resignation of A. H. Stephens; was re-elected to the 
Forty -eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Reeves, Henry A.; was Ijorn in Sag Harbor, 
Long island, in 1833; after going through a course oi 
studies at the University of Michigan, graduated at 
Union College, New York, in 1852; taught school for 
two years; studied law, and came to the bar in 
Brooklyn, New York, in 1857; in 1858 purchased the 
Kepuhlican Watchmnn, published at Greenport, Long 
Island, and edited the same; in 1861 was arrested, by 
order of Secretary Seward, and confined for five weeks 
in Fort Lafayette, tor alleged disloyalty; in 1868 was 
elected a Representative from New York to the For- 
ty-first Congress, serving on the Committees on Agri- 
culture, and Navy Department. 

Reid, David S.; was bom in Rockingham 
County, North Carolina. April 19, 1813; studied law, 
and was admitted to practice in 1834; was elected to 
the State Legislature in 1835, and served continu- 
ovisly until 1842; in 1843 was elected a iRepresenta- 
tive in Congress from North Carolina; was re-elected 
in 1845; in 1850 was elected Governor of North Caro- 
lina; was re-elected in 1852, serving until 1855, 
when he was elected a Senator in Congress for li>ur 
years; was Chairman of the Committee ou Patents 
and the Patent OfiSee. and a member of tlie Commit- 
tee on Commerce: was a Delegate to tlie '■IVace 
Congress" of 1861.' 

Reid, James W.; was born at Wentwortli. 
Rockingham County. North Carolina, June 11, 1849: 
attended academic schools at Winston. Wentwortli, 
and Thom;isville, North Carolina; labored on a farm 
two years: passed through the sophomore year at 
Trinity College, North Carolina; completed his edu- 
cation while student-tutor at Emory and Henry Col- 
lege, Virginia, from which institution he gra(lu:ilcd 
in June, 1869; read law while teaching scbool; was 
admitted to the bar in 1873, and engaged in I lie 
practice of law at Wentworth; was elected County 
Treasurer of Rockingham County, North Carolina, in 
1874. and was continuously re-elected until N'ovem- 
ber, 1884 ; was Secretary, and Chairman in 1 88 1, of the 
Democratic Executive Committee of Rockingham 
County for ten years; was elected a Representative 
from North Carolina to the Forty-ninth Congress; in 
.January, 1855, at a special election, was electctl to 
the Forty-eighth Congress, to fill the unexpired term 
of Alfred M. Scales. 

Reid, John W.; was born at Lynchburg, Vir- 
ginia, June 14, 1821; received a good Engli.sh ednca- 
tion; removed to Missouri in 1840; studied law, and 
came to the bar in 1844; served with credit in the 



4ie; 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Mexican War, in 1846, as Captain of a company of 
mounted volunteers, with Colonel Doniphan; settled 
in Jackson County, practicing his profession; served 
two sessions in the Missouri Legislature; was elected 
a Representative from Missouri to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress; was expelled from the House in December, 
1861. 

Reid, Robert R.; was born in licnufort District, 
Soitth Carolina, in 1789; removed early in life to 
Georgia; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1818 to 1823; was elected Mayor of Au- 
gusta on his retirement from Congress; was also a 
Judge of the Superior Court of Georgia; in 1832 was 
apjiointed, by President Jackson, District Judge for 
Eastern Florida; was appointed, by President Van 
Buren, Governor of the Territory of Florida from 
18:;i) to 1841; was a member of the Conventiou which 
formed a State Constitution for Florida, over which 
body he presided in a creditable manner. Died near 
Tallahas,see, July 1. 1844. 

Reilly, James B. ; was born in Schuylkill Coun- 
ty, Pennsylvania, August 12, 1845; graduated at 
Piittiville High School; studied law, and was admit- 
ted to practice in 18G9; was elected District Attorney 
in 1871, and served in that office luitil 187.5; in 1874 
was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to 
the Forty-foui-th Congress; was re-elected to the 
Fui t\'-tifth Congress. 

Reilly, John ; was born at Abner\ille, Indiana 
County, Pennsylvania, February 22, 1836; received a 
common school education; was clerk in a country 
store from the age of sixteen until eighteen; in 1854 
entered the service of the Pennsylvania Railroad 
Company in the Engineer Corps; lil'lcd various minor 
positions until 18G5, when he was appointed Superin- 
tendent of Transportation ; was President of the 
Board of City Commissioners of Altoona in 1867 and 
18 S8; was President of the Bell's (iap Railroad Com- 
]iany during 1872 and 1873, and was also connected 
with the manufacturing and mining interests of the 
State; in 1874 was elected a Representative to the 
Forty-fourth Congress. 

Reilly, "Wilsou; was born in Pennsylvania: fol- 
lowed, for a time, the business of a hatter; in 1857 
was elected a Ix'epresentative in Congress fi-om Penn- 
sylvania, sernng as a member of the Committee on 
Patents; -was afterwards devoted to the practice of 
law. 

Reily, Luther ; was born in Pennsylvania; was 
a Kcpreseutative in Congress from that State 'from 
1837 to 1839. 

Relfe, James H.; was born in Virginia: .settled 
in Missouri ; was elected a Representative in Couuress 
from that State fiom 1843 to 1847. 

Rencher, Abraham; was born in Wake County 
North Carolina: in 1822 graduated at the Univereity 
of that State; jiiacticcd law for a time, but taking 
an interest in politics was elected toCono-ress where 
he served from 182!) to 1839, and again From 1841 to 
1843; was Cliaiyc (VAjfains to Portugal in 1843- was 
appointed, by President Buchanan, Governor of the 
Territory of New Mexico. 

Revels, Hiram R.; was born in Fayetteville 
Xorth Carolina, September 1, 1822, of African de- 
scent; desiring to obtain an education, removed to 
Imliana; spent some time at the Quaker Seminary in 
Union. County, and at the Clark County SeminaiT 
when he became a preacher; at the breaking out of I 
the war assisted in the organiiiation of the first 



colored regiments in Maryland and Missouri; tanght 
school in St, Louis; then went to Vicksburg and as- 
sisted in managing the freedmen's affairs; followed 
the army to Jackson; organized churches, and 
lectured; spent the next two years in Kansas and 
Missouri, preaching and lecturing; returned to Mis- 
sissippi, and settled at Natchez; was cho.sen a mem- 
ber of the City Council; was a Senator in Congress 
from Mississipiji, from February, 1870, to .Alarch, 
1871, having been the first of his race elected to that 
position; subsequently became a preacher in the 
Methodist church, and was quite successful. 

Reynolds, Gideon; was born in New York; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1847 to 1851. 

Reynolds, James B.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Tennessee from 1815 to 1817, and 
again from 1823 to 1825. 

Reynolds, John ; was born in Montgomery 
County, Pennsylvania, February 26, 1789, of Irish 
parents, who landed in Pbiladelphia'in 1786; was a 
member of a company of scouts in the campaigns 
against the Indians, in 1812 and 1813; practiced law 
at Cahokia; was a Justice of the Supreme Court of 
Illinois in 1818: was a member of the Legislature 
from 18:i6to 1830, 1846 to 1818, 1852 to 1854; served 
during the last term as Speaker; was Governor of 
Illinois from 18311 to 1834; commanded the Illinois 
Voluut<?ers during the Black Hawk War in 1832; was 
a Representative in Congress from 1835 to 1837, and 
from 1839 to 1843; published •'Pioneer History of 
Illinois," in 1848; "Glance at the Crystal Palace, 
and Sketches of Travel," in 1854; ''My Life and 
Times," in 18-55, and at one time conducted the Belle- 
ville Eagle, a daily paper. Died at Belleville, Illi- 
nois, May 8, 1865. 

Reynolds, John H.; was born in Moreau, Sara- 
toga County, New York, .Tune 21, 1819; received his 
education at the academies of Evansville, Sandy 
Hill, and Kinderhook, New York, and was also at 
Bennington. Vermont; .studied law, and was admit- 
ted to th(^ bar in 1843; in 1853 was appointed, by 
President Pierce, Postmaster at Albany, New York; 
was removed in 1854. for insubordination as a party 
man ; in 1858 was elected a Representative from New 
Y'ork to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on the Judiciary ; was sub.se- 
quently appointed a Judgeof the Court of Appeals of 
New York, and also a Commfssioner of Appeals. 
Died at Kinderhook, September 24, 1875. 

Reynolds, Joseph; was horn in New York; 

was a Representative in Congre.ss from that State' 
from 18:!5 to 1837; also served in the Assembly of 
that State in 1819. ' 

Reynolds, Robert M.; w;is born in Mus- 
kingum County, Ohio," August :iO, 1826; received a 
classical education; removed to Illinois in 1847, and 
to Iowa in 1851; -was Principal of an Academy! and 
Teacher of Mathematics for ten years; studied law- 
enlisted in the First Iowa Cavalry in 1861; became a 
veteran by re-enlistment in 18b'4 ; was tliree times 
wounded in action ; was mustered out of service as a 
Captain in 1865; in that year settled in Alabama; 
was a member of the State Constitutional Convention 
of 1867; was admitted to the bar at Montgomery, 
Alabama; in 1868 was elected Auditor of the Stated 
and .served more than four years; was Minister Resi- 
dent of the United States to Bolivia from 1874 to 
1877; in 1878 was appointed First Auditor of th» 
United States TVeasnry at Washington. 




Pension Bureau Building, 
washington. 



y^f; ■■■: 







Manor House (The Home of Washington) 

MT. VERNON 



UIOCiKArH lOAL ANNALS. 



417 



Reynolds, Thomas; was born in Bracken Coun- 
ty, Kentncky, March 11, 179(j; studied law, and 
settled in Illinois when iiuite young; was Clerk of 
the State House of Representatives; was afterwards 
elected a Representative in the Legislature and made 
Speaker; was Attorney-General ol' the State; Judge 
of the Supreme Court; in 1828 removed to Missouri, 
where he was a member of the State Legislature, and 
President Judge of a Court of Justice; was Governor 
of Missouri from 1810 to 184 1 ; became a monomaniac, 
and committed suicide, at Jetferson City, February, 
», 1844. 

Rhea, John; was a Representative in Congress 
from Tennessee from 180:! to 1815, and from 1817 to 
1823; in 1816 was appointed United States Com- 
mis.sionerto treat with the Choctaws. Died May 27, 
1832, aged seventy-nine years. 

Rhett, Robert Barn'well ; was born in Beau- 
fort, South CaroUna, December 24, 1800; received a 
liberal education, and adopted the profession of the 
law; in 1826 was elected to the State Legislature: 
in 1832 was elected Attorney-General of South Caro- 
lina; was a Representative in Congress from 1838 to 
1849; was a -Senator in ("ongress during the years 
1850, 1851, and a part of 1852, resigning contrary to 
the wishes of his State; he is said to have been the 
first man who proposed, and advoc;ited on the floor 
of Congress, a dissolution of the I'nion; took part in 
the Rebellion of 1861, as a member of the Confed- 
erate Congress; was a Delegate to the New York Con- 
vention of 1868. 

Rhodes, Samuel ; was a Delegate from Penn- 
sylvania to the t'ontinental Congre.ss from 1774 to 
1775. 

Ricaud, James B.; was born at Baltimore, 
Maryland. February 11, 1808; graduated at Wash- 
ington College, Maryland; was a lawyer by profes- 
sion; was a member of the House of Delegates of 
Maryland in 1834. and of the State Senate of Mary- 
land from 1836 to 1841. inclusive; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1836 and 1844; was a Representative in the 
Thirty-foiU'th and Thirty-tifth Congresses, serving on 
the Committee on Manufactures, and also on that 
for Investigating the Accounts of a late Clerk of the 
House; resigned his scat in the Slaryland Senate, 
and w.as appointed .Judge of the Circuit Court. Died 
at Chestertown, Maryland, January 24, 1866. 

Rice, Alexander H.; was born in Newton, 
Massachusetts, in August, 1818; received a common 
school education; served in his father's paper mill as 
a clerk while yet a mere boy; subsequently gradu- 
ated at Union College in 1844, after which he en- 
tered, on his own account, into the paper business; 
in 1853 was elected to the Common Council of Bos- 
ton, and liecame the President of that body; was 
Mayor of Boston in 1856 and 1857; was elected a 
Representative Irom Massachusetts to the Thirty- 
gixth Congress, serving on the Committee on the 
District of Columbia; was re-eli'ctcd io the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, .serving on the Committees on 
Naval Atfairs, and on Expenditures in the Tre.asury 
Department; was re-elected to tlie Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Naval Afl'airs, in which capacity he introduced a 
large number of important measures; was also re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Unfinished Business, and Naval .Af- 
fairs; was a Delegate to the Pliilailclphia " Loyalists' 
Convention" of 1866, and to the (liicago Convention 
of 18(i8; wafi subsequently elected .Mayor of Boston; 
wa~ Governor of Ma.-sachu.setts from 1876 to 1879. 



Rice, Americus V.; was born in Perryville, 
Ashland ( 'ounty, Ohio, November is, 18:!5; graduated 
at Union College, New York, in 1860; served in the 
war for the Union from 1861 to 1865, entering as a 
private and cimiing out as a Brigadier-General; wa.s 
wounded a numl)er of times, and lost his riglit leg in 
Georgia; in 1S6 1 was elected to Congress on the home 
vote, hut was defeated by the soldiei-s' vote, in 1868 
became manager of a banking house in Ottawa, Ohio; 
in 1874 was elected a Representative from Ohio to 
the Forty-fourth Congress; was re-elected to the 
Forty-lifth Congress. 

Rice, Benjamin F.; was horn in East Otto, 
Cattaraugus County, New York, May 26, 1828; re- 
ceived an academic education; taught school for sev- 
eral winters; studied law, and came to the bar at 
Irvine, Kentucky; was elected to the State Legisla- 
ture in 18(i5; was a Presidential Elector in 1856; 
removed to Minnesota in I860; entered the Volun- 
teer .Uniy in 1861 as a private; was made Captain; 
served as such during the war, declining several 
oft'ei's of promotion ; after the war settled at Little 
Kock. Arkansas; practiced law there, and organized 
the Republican party in that State; in 1868 was 
elected a Senator in Congress from Arkansas, for the 
term ending in 1873, serving on the t'ommittees on 
( laims, District of Columbia, the Pacific Railway, 
and the Judiciary. 

Rice, Ed-ward Y.; was born in Logan County, 
Kentucky, February 8, 1820; educated at Shurtleff 
College; studied law; in 1847 was elected (_'ounty 
Recorder of Montgomery County, Illinois; was a 
member of the Legislature in 1849; was elected 
Judge of Montgoinei-y County, and served two years; 
was appointed Master in Chancery from 1853 until 
1857, when he was elected Judge of the Eighteenth 
Circuit of Illinois; was re-elected in 1861, and in 
1867; was a member of the Constitutional Conven- 
tion of Illinois in 1869; was elected to the Forty- 
second Congress, serving on the Committee on Elec- 
tions. 

Rice, Henry H.; was born in Waitsfield. Vei^ 
mont, November 29, 1816; emigrated to Michigan in 
1835. when it was a Territory, and was employed in 
making surveys of the Kalamazoo and Grand Rivers, 
and also for a ship canal at the outlet of Lake Su- 
perior; after that time lived in three other Territor- 
ies, viz. ; Iowa, Wisconsin, and Minnesota, — much of 
his life being spent among the wild Indian tribes of 
the Northwest; in 1839 was appointed a Sutler in 
the army; was employed as Commissioner in making 
many Indian treaties of great importance; in 1853 
was elected a Delegate to Congress I'rom Minnesota- 
was reelected in 1855; having secured the passace of 
the act authorizing the people of Minnesota to t1)rm 
a State Constitution; in 1857 was elected a Senator 
in rongre.ss from Minnesota for the term of six years; 
at the commencement of the second session of the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, was appointed a member of 
the Committees on Indian Afiairs and on Post Offices 
and Post Roads; was a Delegate to the Pliiladelphia 
"National Union Convention'' of 1866; was one of 
the original proprietors of St. Paul and Bayfield; 
when in Congress was a member of the liimous'Pea« 
Committee of 1861. 

Rice, John B.; was born in Easton. iMaryland, 
in 180!l; received a common school education; re- 
moved to Chicago, Illinois; was an actor and man- 
ager of a theatre until 1857; was elected .\Iavor of 
Chicago in 1865; re-elected in 1867; was elected to 
the Forty-third Congress; was appointed Librarian 
of the House of Representatives. Died in Norfolk, 
Virginia, December 17, 1874. 



4ia 



Bl OG li A )■ H 1 C A L A N N A Lri . 



Rice, John B.; was born at Freiuoiu, Oluo, 
adopted tlie medical profession; served in the Union 
A.nuv x-^ Assi.stant-,Snrgeon. Surgeon, and fMirgeon- 
in-Ciiief of a Division during the War ot the Kebel- 
liou; was elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
Foit.v-seveuth Congress. 

Rice John H.; was born in Mount Vernon, Ken- 
nebec Countv. Maine. February 5. 1816; received a 
good common school education; between the years 
1832 and 1SS8 held a variety of local o&oes at Au- 
.rusta; devoted some attention to the study ot law; 
Served as a Staff Officer during the troubles connected 
with the northeastern boundary; m 1840 was ap- 
pointed Deputy Sheriff of Kennebec County; m 184„ 
settled in Piscata.juis County, and devot^ed him-selt 
to the lumbering business until 1^48; subsequenth 
practiced law; in 1852 was elected a State Attomex 
for three vears; was re-elected, and held the office un- 
til he was chosen a Representative from Maine to the 
Thirtv-seventh Congress, serving on the Lommittee.- 
on Revolutionary tlairas, and on Patents; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving a.s 
Chairman of the Con.mittee on Public Buildings and 
Grounds, a member of the Committee on the Terri- 
tories, and as Chairman of the Special Committee on 
Frontier Defenses; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Con<^ress, continuing on the same Committees; was 
also°a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists_ Con- 
vention " of 1866; in February, 1867, was appointed, 
by President Johnson, Collector of the Port ot Ban- 
gor. Maine. 

Rice, John M.; was bom in Floyd County. Ken- 
tuckv; served in the Legislature of Kentucky inl8o9 
an.l "1867: was elected a Representative trom ken- 
tuckv to the Forty-lirst Congress, and was re-elected 
to tlie Forty-second Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on "Manufactures and Revolutionary Pen- 
sions. 

Rice Theron M.; was born at Mecca, Ohio, Sep 
tember -^1 1829; was reared on a farm; received an 
academic education; taught school and studied law; 
was admitted to the bar in 1854 and commenced 
oractice- in l.-<58 removed to Missouri; served m the 
Ilnion Armv during the War of the Rebellion, rising 
to the rank of Colonel; at the close of the war re- 
sumed the practice of law at Tipton. Missouri; was 
elected Ciicnit .fudge in 1868. and served six years; 
was elected a Representative from Missouri to the 
Forty-seventh Congress. 

Rice Thomas ; graduat^-d at Harvard Univers- 
ity in 1791; adopted the profession of the law; was a 
Representative in the State Legislature m 1813; was 
a Representative in Congress from Massachusetts 
from 1815 to 1819. Died in 1854. 

Bice "William "W.; was born at Deerfield, Mas- 
gachusetts, March 7, 1826; graduated at Bowdoin 
CoUew in 1846; was Preceptor in Leicester Acad- 
emv ^Ma.ssachusetts. for four years; studied law, 
and 'commenced practice at Worcester, Massachu- 
setts- was Jud-e of Insolvency for Worcester C ounty 
in 1858- was Mavor of Worcester in 1860; was Dis- 
trict -iLttorney for the Middle District of Massachu- 
Betts from 1869 to 1874; was a Representative in the 
State Legislature in 1875: was elected a Representa- 
tive from Massachusetts to the Forty-fifth, Forty- 
Bixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth 
Congresses. 

Rich Charles ; was bom in Hampshire County, 
Maasach'usetia, in 1771 : was a Representative in Con- 



gress from Vermont from 1811 to 1812, and agaui 
from 1817 to 1824. Died at Shoreham, Vermont. 
October 15, 1824. 

Rich John T.; was born at Conneautviile, Penn- 
sylvania, April 23. 1841; removed, with his parents, 
tb Vermont in 1846. and to Michigan in 1848. set- 
tling at Elba; received an academic education; en- 
<va..e<l in farming; was Chairman of the Board ot bu- 
■pen-isors of Lapeer County; was elected a Repre- 
sentative in the State Legislature in 18,2, 18.4, 18, b, 
and 1878, serving as Speaker during the last two 
terms; was State Senator in 1880; resigned in 1881 
having been elected a Representative trom Michigan 
to thi Fortv-seventh Congress to fill the vacancy 
caused by the election of Omar D. Conger to the 
United States Senate. 

Richard, Gabriel; was born at Saintes, in 
France October 15,1764; was educated at Angiers; 
received orders :it a Catholic Seminary m Pans, in 
1790; came to America in 1798; was, for a tame, Pro- 
' fessor of Mathematics in St. Mary's College, Mary- 
land; labored in Illinois as a missionary; went to 
Detroit, Michig-an, in 1799, whence he was sent as a 
Delegate to Congress in 1823; during his ministry it 
became his dutv, according to the Roman Catholic 
reli<rion to excommunicate one of his parishioners, 
who had been divorced from his wife; the parishioner 
prosecuted the priest for delamation ot character, 
which resulted in his obtaining a verdict ol one thou- 
sand ilollars; this money the priest could not pay, 
and he W.1S, consequently, imprisoned in the common 
iail As he had already been elected a Delegate to 
Congress, he went from his prison, in the ".'Ids ot 
Michi"an. to his seat on the floor of Congress; in 1809 
visited Boston, took a printing press to Michigan 
and started a journal called the Mkhi!,n„Es.':ay. which 
failed for wlnt of readers ; then published some 
Roman Catholic books, and the Laws ot the Terri- 
tory, all in French; in 1812, after Hull's surrender, 
was taken prisoner, and after his release, finding his 
people in want, purchased wheat and gave it to the 
destitute. He was master of several languages, and 
was a man of superior ability and rare benevolence. 
Died at Detroit, September 13. 1832. 

Richards, Jacob ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1803 to 1809. 

Richards, John ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1795 to 179/. 



Richards, John; was a memher of the New 
York Assembly in 1814 and 1815; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from that State from 1823 to 
1825. 

Richards, Mark ; was born in New Haven, Con- 
necticut- was a member of the State Legislataire for 
eight vears; was County Sheriff for five years; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1813; was a State Counselor 
in 1813 and 1815; was a Representative in Congre^ 
f?om Vermont fi^om 1817 to 1821; was Lieutenant- 
Governor of Vermont m 18.30. 

Richards, Matthias; was born in 1757; was a 
Tudsie of Berks County. Pennsylvania, trom 1788 to 
1797- was a Representative in Congress trom Penn- 
sylvania from 1807 to 1811. Died in 1830. 

Richardson, David P.; was bom at Macedon, 
New York, May 28, 1833: graduated at Ya e CoUege 
in 1856; studied law, and w^ ^"'^^^ft^^Lf 
1859- served in the Union Army from 1861 to 18^4, 
removed to AngeUca, New York, m 1866, and en. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



419 



gaged in the practice of his profession ; was elected a 
Kepresentative from New York to the Forty-sixth 
and Forty -seventh Congresses. 

Richardson, James B.; was a native of South 
Carolina, and Governor of that State from 1802 to 
1804. 

Richardson, James Daniel ; was boru in 
Riitlierford County, Tennessee. March 10. 1848; re- 
ceived an academic education; entered the ('on- 
federate Armj' in 18(jl, as a private; in 1862 was 
commissioned, and made Adjutant of the Forty-fifth 
Tennessee Infantry, in which capacity he served 
until the close of the war; was woundi-d at the bat- 
tle of Kesaca, Georgia, in 18(i4; after the close of the 
war, studied law, and was admitted to practice at 
Murfreesboro, Tennessee, in 1866, and commenced 
practice there; in 1870 was elected a Representative 
in the State Legislature, and was elected Speaker on 
the first day of the session; in 1872 was elected State 
Senator and served two years; in 1873. when thirty 
years of age, was made Grand Master of Masons for 
the State of Tennessee; also became Grand High 
Priest of the Grand Chapter of the State; in 1884 was 
elected a Kepresentative from Tennessee to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Richardson, John Peter ; was born at Hickory 
Hill. Sumter District, South Carolina. April 14,1801: 
graduated at South Carolina College in 1819; was a 
member of the State Legislature from 1824 to 1836; 
was a Representative in Congress from 1837 to 1840; 
was Governor of South Carolina from 1840 to 1842: 
opposed the ordinance of Nullification, and was a 
leader of the Union Party; in 18r)li was one of the 
I)elegates-at-large from Sotith t'arolina to the South- 
ern Convention; in 1851 presided over the meeting 
of the Southern Rights Association in Charleston, 
and opposed the separate secession of the State in 
1852. 

Richardson. John S.; was born in South Caio- 
lina in 1777; was an Associate .ludge of the General 
Sessions and of the Common Pleas, and Presiding 
.fudge of the Court of Appeals; was elected a mem- 
ber of Congress in 1820. lint owing to some exigency 
in his private att'airs, was not qualified; was a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature, .iiid Attorney-General 
for the State of South Carolina. Died at Charleston. 
May 11, 1850. 

Richardson, John S.; was born near Sumter, 
Soiith Carolina, February :.'0, 18:28; graduated at the 
South Carolina College in 1850; studied law; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 18.52; .settled at .Sumter as a 
lawyer and farmer; served in the Confederate Army 
as u commissioned officer during the War of the Re- 
bellion; was a member of tile .'^tate House of Repre- 
.sentatives from 1865 to 1867; was a Delegate to the 
Democratic National Convention of 1876; was de- 
feated as a candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress; 
was elected a Representative from South Carolina to 
the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Richardson, Joseph ^ was born at Billerica, 
:Massaehusetts, February 1, 1778; graduated at Dart- 
mouth College in 1802; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Massachusetts from 1827 to 1831; was 
senior Pastor over the First Church at Hingham, 
Massachusetts, for fifty years. 

Richardson, "William Alexander ; was born 
in Fayette County, Kentucky; grafluated at the 
Transylvania University; studied law, and came to 
(he bar before attaining his twentieth year, and soon 
after settled in Illinois; in 18.'!5 was elected State 
Attorney; in 1836 a member of the State Legislature; 
in 1838 w;\s elected t« the State Senate; in 1844 was 



again elected to the Legislature, an<l made Speaker 
of the House; was also chosen a Presidential Elector 
in 1814: in 1846 served as Captain in the Mexican 
War, and on the battle-field of Buena Vista was pro- 
moted bv the unanimous vote of the regiment; in 
1847 was elected a Kepresentative in Congress from 
Illinois, where he continued to serve by re-election 
until 1856, when he resigned; in 1857 was appointed, 
by President Buchanan, Governor of Nebraska, 
which position he resigned in 1858; in 1860 was 
against his consent again elected to the Hou.se of 
Representatives, but, in 1863, before the expiration 
of his term, was elected a Senator in Congress for the 
unexpired term of his friend, S. A. Douglas, serving 
on the < ommittees on Territories and the District of 
Columbia; was a Delegate to the New York Conven- 
tion of 1868. Died at Qnincy, lUinois, December 27, 
1875. 

Richardson, William Adams; was born in 

Tyngsborongh, Massachusetts. November 2, 1821; 
graduated at Harvard University in 1843; was made 
Master of Arts and Bachelor of Laws at tluit institu- 
tion in 1840. and came to tlu" bar in the same year; 
was at once made .Judge Advocate of the Massachu- 
setts Militia, and held the oftice four yeai's; in 1849 
was chosen to the Common Council of Lowell, and 
also iu IS."):; and 1854, acting as President; was iden- 
tified with several banking institutions, and Presi- 
dent of Wamoset Bank; in 1855 was appointed tore- 
vise the Statutes of Massachusetts; sulisequeutly was 
appointed, by the Legislature, to edit the annual 
supplements to the General Statutes, wliicli he con- 
tinued to do for twenty-two years: in 1856 became a 
Judge of Piobate, and two years later .Judge of Pro- 
hate and Insolvency, serving as siicli for sixteen 
>ears; in 1863 was made an Overseei of Harvard Col- 
lege: in 18(i0 declined a Superior Court Judgeship, 
and became .\ssistant Secretary of the Treasury De- 
partment; in 1871 went to Europe asa Financial Agent 
tor the Government; in 1873 was appointed Secretary 
of the Treasury; in 1874 resigned that position to 
accept a seat on the Bench of the United States Court 
of Claims; published, among other things, "The 
Banking Laws of Massachusetts," in 1855, and 
" Practical Information Concerning the Public Debt 
of the United States." with the " National Banking 
Laws," in 1872; the supplement to the Revised Sta- 
tutes of the United States, under appointment of 
Congress, in 1881; received the degree of LL.D. from 
Columbian University in 1873, from Georgetown Col- 
lege in 1881. and from Howard University in 1882; 
January 20, 1885. was appointed Chief Justice of the 
United States Court of Claims. 

Richardson, 'WilUam M.; was born at Pelham, 
New Hampshire, January 4. 1774; graduated at the 
University of Cambridge in 1797: practiced law for 
a few years at Groton. Massachusetts; was a member 
of Congress from that State from 1811 to 1814, when 
he resigned; removed to Portsmouth, New Hamp- 
shire, in 1814; was appointed Chief Justice of the 
Supreme Court of New Hampshire in 1816, and dis- 
charged the duties of the office for nearly twenty-two 
years; was a man of distinguished talents, great in- 
dustry, and extensive acquirements, and highly re- 
spected for his integrity and estimable character; 
was the author of "The New Hampshire Justice," 
and "The Town Oificer"; a considerable portion 
of the first and second volumes of "The New 
Hampshire Reports " was drawn up by the Chief 
Justice; nearly all the cases of the third, fourth, and 
fiilh were furnished by him, and of the matter for 
perhaps four volumes . more, he prepared a large 
share. Died at Chester, New Hampshire, March 2J, 
1838. 



420 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Richmond, Hiram H.; was born in Chautau- 
qua, New York, May 17. 18)0; received a good edu- 
cation; studied medieine two years with his lather, 
Lawton Richuiond; entered Allejjheny C'oUeje, 
where he remained two years; turned his attention 
to tlie study of law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1838; was elected to tlie Forty-third Congress, serving 
on tlie Committees on Indian Ati'airs, and Public Ex- 
penditures. 

Richmond, James Buchanan ; was born at 
Turkey Cove, Virginia; received a limited education: 
studied and practiced law; served in the Confederate 
Army, ri.sing to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel; was 
elected a Representative from Virginia to the Forty- 
sixth Congress. 

Richmond, Jonathan ; was boru in Bristol, 
Massachusetts in 1774; was one of the pioneers of 
Western New York in 1813; was once Collector of 
the Customs for the United States; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from New York from 1819 to 1821. 
Died at Cayuga. New Y'ork. .July 29. 18.33. 

Richmond, Le-wis ; was a resident of Rhode 
Island; in 1884 wa-s appointed, by President Arthur, 
United States Minister to Portugal, in which position 
he served until April, 1885. 

Riddle, Albert G-.; was born in JIa.ssachnsetts; 
was a lawyer by profession- elected a Representative 
from Ohio to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Revolutionary Claims; settled 
in Washington City in 1865. 

Riddle, George Read ; was born in Newcastle, 
Delaware, in 1817; was educated at Delaware Col- 
lege; studied engineering, and was engaged for years 
in locating and constructing railroads and canals in 
Pennsylvania, Delaware. Maryland, and Virginia, 
the last of which was the great work at Harper's 
Ferry; afterwards studied law; was admitted to the 
bar in ls4S, and was appointed Deputy Attorney- 
General tor his native county, which position he 
held until 1850, when he was elected a Repi'esenta- 
tive from Delaware to the Thirty-second Congress; 
was re-elected to the Thirty-third Ck)ngress, serving 
on the Committee on Roads and Canals, and was 
Chairman ot the Committee on lEngraving, and also 
a Special Committee on the Peruvian Guano Ques- 
tion; in 1849 was appointed, by the Governor of the 
State, a Commissioner on the part of Delaware to 
retrace the celebrated "Mason and Dixon's line," 
the report of which was printed by the Legislatures 
of Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland in 1850; 
was a Delegate to the several "Democratic National 
Conventions" of 1844, 1848, and 1856; in 1864 was 
elected a Senator in Congress from Delaware, for the 
term ending in 186f), ser\'ing on the Committees on 
the District of Columbia, Private Land Claims, 
Manufactures, and Printing. Died in Washington 
City, March 2<J, 1867. He was a descendant of 
George Read, of the Revolution. 

Riddle, H. T.; was elected a Representative from 
Tennessee to the Forty-fourth Congress, in the- place 
of Jofcu W. Head, who had been preTio«»iy elected, 
but died before taking iiis seat. 

Riddle, Haywood Yancey ; wa.s born at Van 
Buren, Tennessee, June 20, 18:!4; graduated at 
Union University, Tennessee, in 1X54, and at the 
Lebanon Law School in 1857: from 1h65 to 1875 was 
Clerk and Master of the Lebanon Chancery Court; 
was then elected a Representative from Tennessee to 
the Forty-fourth Congress, to fill the vacancy causi d 
by the death of S. Si. Fite; was re-elected to the 
Forty-fifth Congiess. 



Riddleberger, Harrison Holt; was bom at 
Edtnburg, Shenandoah County, Virginia, October 4, 
1844; was educated in the common schools and by 
a private tutor; entered the Confederate Army ia 
1862 as Lieutenant, and was promoted to Captain; 
taught school and studied law in 1868 and 1869; was 
elected a Representative in the State Legislature in 
1871, and again in 1873; was elected Commonwealt'u 
.Attorney in 1875 and 1879; in the latter ,year was 
elected State •Senator; was a Presidential Elector in 
1876 and 1880; in 1881 was elected United Statea 
Senator from Virginia for the term of six years from 
.March 4, 1883. 

Ridg-eley, Henry M.; was born in 1778; was a 
lawyer by profession, and for many years was a dis- 
tinguished member of the Delaware bar; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Delaware from 1811 to 
l-ilS: filled a vacancy as Senator in Congress from 
1826 to 1829. Died at his residence in Dover, Dela- 
ware, August 7, 1847. 

Ridgely, Richard ; was a Delegate from Mary- 
land to the Continental Congress from 1785 to 1786. 

Ridge'way, Robert; was a Representative 
from Virginia in the Fortieth Congress. Died in 
Amherst County, October 16, 1869. Was at one 
time editor of the Richmond iVhi;/. 

Ridg'way, Joseph ; was born on Staten Island, 
New York. May (i. 1783: received a limited educa- 
tion; learned the trade of a house carpenter; in 18H 
emigrated to Caj'uga County. New York, and de- 
voted himself to making fanning mills; in 1822 set- 
tled in Columbus, Ohio, and established an extensive 
iron foundry, which subsequently became an estab- 
lishment for manufacturing railroad carriages; in 
1828 was elected to the Legislature of Ohio, and was 
re-elected in 1830; was a Representative in Congress 
from Ohio, from 1837 to 1843; failed in business in 
1811, and though exonerated by the bankrupt law, 
thought proper, in 1857. to pay up his old debts, at 
the rate of two dollars for one; of seventy creditors 
he found but four living, so that he had to search for, 
and pay the heirs, which occupied four months of 
his time. 

Riggs, James Milton ; was born in Scott Coun- 
ty, Illinois, April 17, 1839; was reared on a farm; 
received a common school education, and passed one 
year at Eureka College, Illinois; in 1864 was elected 
Sheriff of his native county; in the same year settled 
in Winchester, in that county; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1868; was elected a Rep- 
resentative in the State Legislature in 1870; in 1872 
was elected State's Attorney for Scott County, and 
served four years; was elected a Representative from 
Illinois to the Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected 
to the Fortj'-ninth Congress. 

Riggs, Jetur R.; was born in Morris County, 
New .lersey, .Iune20. 1.809; studied medicine; grad- 
uated at the Barclay Street Medical University of 
New York; in 1828 made an extensive sea voyage; 
practiced his profession from 1832 to 1849; served 
two years in the New Jersey Legislature; spent one 
or two years in charge of the hospital at Sutter's 
Fort, California; in 1855 was elected, for three years, 
to the Senate of New Jersey; in 1858 was elected a 
Representative in Congress from New Jersey, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Manufactures. 
Died in Drakesville, Sussex County, November 5, 
1869. 

Riggs, Lie'wis; was born in New York; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1841 
to 1843. 



BlUUKAPillCAI. A^INALS. 



i:ll 



Riker, Samuel ; was a member of the Xew 

York Assenilily in 1784: was a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1804 to 1805, and again 
from 1807 to 1809. 

Ring-gold, Samuel; was a Representative in 
Congress IVoin Maryland from 1810 to 1815. :ind a^ain 
from 1817 to 1821." 

Ringold, Thomas ; was a Delegate from Mary 
land to the Colonial Congress, which met in New 
York in 1765. 

Rings, Daniel ; was an early emigrant to the 
Territory of Arkansas: was the first Chief .lustice of 
the Supreme Court of the State. Died at Little Rock, 
September 3, 1873. 

Riotte, Charles N.; was a citizen of Texas, and 
Minister Resident to Costa Rica from 1861 to 1867. 

Ripley, Eleazar 'W.; graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 1800; studied law, and settled in the Dis- 
triot of Maine ; was Speaker of the Massachusetts 
House of Representatives in 1811 ; acquitted himself 
with credit as an officer in the last war with England ; 
removed to Louisiana, from whence he was elected 
to Congress, serving from 1835 to the time of his 
death, which occurred at New Orleans, March 2, 
1839, aged fifty -seven years. 

Ripley, James W. ; was a lawyer; served four 
years in the Legislature of Maine; was an officer in 
the last war with England; was a member of Con- 
gress from Maine from 1826 to If 30. when he was ap- 
pointed Collector of Customs for the Fassamatjnnildy 
District of Maine. Died in June. 1835. 

Ripley, Thomas C; was elected a Representa- 
tive from New York to the Twenty-ninth Congress, 
for the unexpired term of R. P. Herrick, resigned. 

Risley, Elijah ; was bom in Connecticut; was a 
Representative in Congress from New York from 
1849 to 1851. Died at Fredonia. .lanuary 9, 1870, 
aged ninety years. 

Ritchey, Thomas ; was born in Pennsylvania; 
settled in Ohio; was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1847 to 1849, and again 
from 1853 to 1855. 

Ritchie, David ; was born at Canonsburg, Wash- 
ington County, Pennsylvania, August 19. 1812 ; 
graduated at Jefferson College in 1829; was admitted 
to the bar at Pittsburgh in 1835; received the degree 
of J. U. D. from the University of Heidelberg, Ger- 
many, in 1837; was a Representative from Pennsyl- 
vania to the Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty- 
fifth Congresses, and « as a member of the Committee 
on Foreign Affiiirs: after leaving Congress held the 
office of Judge for about one year; while engaged in 
the practice of his profession, died at Pittsburgh. 
Januai7 24, 1867. 

Ritchie, James Monroe; w;is born at Dun- 
fermline, ;scotland. July 28, 1829; emigrated, with 
his parents, to the United States in 18:32; received a 
limited education; adopted the profession of the law: 
was a Delegate to the Republican National Conven- 
tion of 1880; was elected a liepresentative from Ohio 
to the Forty-seventh Congress. 

Ritchie, John ; was born in Frederick City, 
Maryland, August 12, 1831; educated at the Freder- 
iiik Academy; commenced the study of medicine, but 
r: Jinquished it for the law, attending the Law School 
»t Harvard College; in 1854 was admitted to the bar; 



in 1860 was elected a Presidential Elector; in 1867 
was elected Attorney for Frederick County, to serve 
for four years ; was elected a Uepresentative from 
Maryland" to the Forty-second Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Public Lands. 

Ritner, Joseph; was born in 1779; was fre- 
quently a member of the Legislature of Penn.sylvania 
from 1820 to 1827; was the candidate of the Anti- 
Masons for Governor in 182!t, but was dcteati-<l: was 
afterwards Governor from 1835 to 1839: was an ad- 
vocate and promoter of public schools, and a distin- 
guished opponent of slavery. Died in Carlisle, 
Pennsylvania, October 16, 1869. 

Rittenhouse, David ; was born near German- 
town. Pennsylvania, Aprils, 1732; while working on 
his father's farm at Norristown, had access to the 
mathematical books of a deceased uncle, and thor- 
oughly mastered Newton's " I'rincipia" ; before he 
was nineteen he discovered the method of Auctions, 
and for some time supposed it was original with him- 
self; made a clock before he was seventeen, without 
instructiim, and in 1751 applied himself to that art 
with gieat skill; at the age of twenty-three made an 
orrery which was purchased by Princeton College; 
subsequently constructed another for the Univereity 
of Pennsylvania; in 1763 was employed to determine 
" Ma.son and Dixon's Line," which he did with in- 
struments of his own construction: afterwards fixed 
the boundaries of several other States; was appointed 
by the American Philosophical Society, to observe 
the transit of Venus in 1769, and at the moment of 
apparent contact, his emotion was so great that he 
fainted; his account was published by the Society; 
in 1770 removed to Philadelphia, and engaged in 
making clocks and mathematical instruments; from 
1777 to 1789 was Treasurer of Pennsylvania; suc- 
ceeded Franklin as President of the Philosophical 
Society in 1791; was Director of the United Stateji 
Mint from 1792 to 1795; was a member of the 
Academy of Arts and Sciences at Boston : in 1775 an 
address, delivered by him, ujjon the History of 
Astronomy, was published: received the degree of 
L1,.D. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1782, 
and F.R.S. in 1795. Died in IMiiladelphia, June 26, 
1796. 

Ritter, Bur-well C; was born in Barren County, 
Kentucky. January 6. 1810; received a good English 
education; adopted the avocation of farming; was a 
member of the Legislature of Kentucky in ]84:> and 
1850; in 1864 was a Presidential Elector; in 18()5 was 
elected a Representative from Kentucky to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Committees on Agri- 
culture, and Expenditures in the Treasuiy Depart- 
ment. 

Ritter, John ; was born in Exeter Townsliij>, 
Berks County, Pennsylvania. February 6. 1779; re- 
ceived such education as the country afforded in Ger- 
man, and but three months of an English course: at 
eighteen years of age cLicrcd the printing-oflice of tlie 
Keadinger .idler, of which his father was half owner: 
this was at the issue of the second number of the 
paper; in 1802 bought his father out, and continue<l. 
as an editor and proprietor, to conduct tlic journal to 
the day of his death; never sought an.\ office: an 
election to the Convention to revise the Constitution 
of Pennsylvania in 1836, and elections to .scats in the 
Twenty -eighth and Twenty-nintli Congre.s.ses. from 
Pennsylvania, came to him as a s]iontaneous de<-lani- 
tion of popular confidence and res|K-(-t. Died at- 
Reading, November 24, 1851. 

Rivers, Thomas ; was born in Tennessee; -was 
a Representative in Congress from 1855 to 1857. 



422 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Rives, Thomas ; was tjom in Nelson County, 
Virginia, June 17, lbU6; was educated at the Col- 
leges of Hampiten, Sidney and Harvard, and at the 
University of Virginia; settled in Albemarle County, 
from which he was elected to the State Legislature at 
intervals i'rom 18o5 to 1861, the latest years in the 
Senate; in 1866 was appointed to the Supreme Court 
of Appeals of Virginia, and his opinions were pub- 
lished in several volumes; gave up his seat on the 
Bench in 1869; in 1871 was appointed United States 
District Judge for the Western District of Virginia. 

Rives, Francis E.; was born in Virginia; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1837 
to 1841. Died November 30, 1861. 

Rives, 'Willlain C; was born in Nelson County, 
Virginia, May 4, 1793: was educated at Hampden 
Sidney, and William and Mary Colleges; studied law 
and politics under the direitiou of Thomas .Jefferson; 
•was Aid-de-camp in 1814 and 1815, with a body of 
Militia and Volunteers called out for the defense of 
Virginia; in 1816 was a member of the "Staunton 
Convention," called to reform the State Constitutiou; 
was elected to the Legislature of A'irginia in 1817, 
1818, and 1819, from Nelson County; in 1822 was 
elected to the same position from Albemarle County; 
in 1823 was elected a Kepresentative in Congress, 
and served for three successive terms; in 1829 was 
appointed, by President .Jackson, Minister to France; 
on his return, in 1832, was elected a Senator in Con- 
gress; resigned in l^:i4; was re-elected in 1835, and 
served to the end of the term, in 1839; in 1840 was 
elected to the Senate for a third term, where he re- 
mained until 1845; in 1849 was a second time ap- 
pointed Jlinister to France; returned to the United 
States iu 1853, when he linally retired from political 
life; also added to his reputation by publishing a 
history of the " Life and Times of .James Madison"; 
took part in the Rebellion of 1861, as a member of 
the so-called Confederate Congress, having previously 
been a Delegate to the "Peace Congress" of that 
year; iu 1866 was chosen a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia "National Union Convention," but did not 
take part in its proceedings. Died in Albemarle 
County, Virginia, .\pril 26, IsriH. 

Roane, Archibald ; was Uovernor ot Tennessee 
from 1801 to 1S03. 

Roane, John ; was born iu Virginia; was a Pres- 
idential Elector in 180'.); was a Jifpre.seutative iu 
Congress from that State frcmi 1 Slo h> 1817, ttom 1827 
to 1831, and llir a third term lidiii 1835 to 1837. Died 
in Washington. District of Columbia, December 18 
1869. 

Roane, John J.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia, his native State, from 1831 to 
1833. 

Roane, John Selden ; N\as a Lieutenant-Colonel 
of Yell's Ark;uisas ( 'avalry in the Mexican War; dis- 
tinguished at Buena Vista, ;ind commanded the regi- 
ment after Yell was killed; was made Colonel in 1847: 
was Governor of Arkansas trom 1848 to 1852: was a 
Brigadier-General in the Confederate Army. Died at 
Pine Bluff, Arkansas, ApiH 8, 1867. 

E,oane, JohnT.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress I'rom Virginia from 1809 to 1815. 

Roane, "William H.; was born in Virginia in 

1788; was twice elected a member <if the Kxcrutive 
Council of that State; was once a Delegate to the 
General Asse:nhly; w-as a Representative in Congress 



from 1815 to 1817; was a Senator of the United States 
from 1837 to 1841. Died at Tree Hill, near Rich- 
mond, Virginia, May 11, 1845. 

Robbie, Reuben ; was bom in Vermont; settled 
in New York; was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1851 to 1853. 

Robbins, Asher; was born in Wethersfield, 

Connecticut, in 1757: graduated at Yale College; was 
a lawyer by profession; was United .States District 
Attorney in 1812; held many other important public 
positions; was a leading Senator in Congress, from 
Rhode Island, from 1825 to 1839; was a member of 
the Rhode Island Legislature for many years. Died 
at Newport, Rhode Island, February 25, 1845. 

Robbins, George R.; was born near Allentown, 
Monmouth (_'ounty. New Jersey. September 24, 1812; 
graduated at the .Jefferson Medical College, Philadel- 
phia, in 1837; pursued the practice of medicine untU 
his election from New .Jersey to the House of Repre- 
sentatives of the Thirty-fourth Congie.ss: was re- 
elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, and was a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Invalid Pensions. 

Robbins, John ; was born in Philadelphia; re- 
ceived a limited education; worked on a farm; was, 
for several years, engaged in the iron and steel busi- 
ness; was elected to Congress in 1848, 1850, and 1852; 
subsequently held a number of local positions; in 
1874 was elected to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Robbins, William M.; was born in Randolph 
County, North Carolina, in 1829; was educated at 
Trinity College, North Carolina, and Randolph Ma- 
con College, Virginia; adopted the profession of the 
law: was an oificer in the Confederate Army through- ' 
out the Civil War, participating in nearly all the bat- 
tles in Virginia from Bull Run to Appomattox Court 
House: was elected to the Senate of North Carolina 
in 1868, and re-elected in 1870; was elected to the 
Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses, serving on 
the Committee on Public Expenditures; was re-elect- 
ed to tlie Forty-fifth Congress. 

Roberdeau, Daniel ; was a Delegate from Penn- 
sylvania to the (Continental Congress from 1777 to 
1779, and was a signer of the Articles of Confedera- 
tion. 

Roberts, Anthony E.; was bom in Chester 
County, Pennsylvania. October, 1803; removed, with 
his parents, to Lancaster County in his infancy; re- 
ceived a common school education, and commenced 
life as a merchant; in 1839 was elected Sheriff of 
Lancaster County and held the office till 1842; in 
1849 was appointed, by President Taylor, Marshal 
of the Eastern District of Pennsylvania; remained in 
that position until 1853, and collected the statistics 
of that District for the Seventh I ensus; was a Repre- 
sentative from Peunsylvania to the Thirty-fourth 
Congress; was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, 
and was a member of the Committee on the Militia. 

Roberts, Charles B.; was born at Uniontown, 
Carroll County, Maryland, April 19, 1842; graduated 
at Calvert College in 1861; studied law. and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1864; practiced his profession in 
Westminster; was a Presidential Elector in 18i;8; 
with that exception never accepted a public nomina- 
tion until elected a Representative from Maryland to 
the Fort.y-fourth Congress; was re-elected to the 
Forty-fifth Congress. 

Roberts, Edmund ; was a citizen of New 
Hampshire; in 1832 was empowered as a Special 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANKAL8. 



423 



Agent to negotiate with Cochin-China for the exten- 
sion ot the commerce of the United States in the Pa- 
cific Ocean. 

Roberts, Ellis H.; was born in Utiea, New 
York, September 3(1, 1827; was trained a printer; 
gradnated at Yale College in 1850; in 1851 became 
wlitor and proprietor of the Utica Morning Herald: 
was a Delegate to the National Republican Conven- 
tions oi'1864 and 1868; was a member of the Legisla- 
ture of the State of New York in 1867; waa elected a 
Eepresentative from New York to the Forty-second 
and Forty-third Congresses, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Ways and Means. 

Roberts, Jonathan; was born in 1771; early in 
the present century was at different times elected to 
both branches of the Pennsylvania Legislature; was 
a Representative in Congress from IHll to 1814, 
when he resigned; was an advocate of the war of 
1812; from 1814 to 1821 was a Senator of the United 
States; in 1841 was appointed, by President Harri- 
son, Collector of the Port of Philadelphia. Died in 
Philadelphia, July, 1854. 

Roberts, O. M.; was Governor of Texas from 
1879 to 188:5. 

Roberts, Robert W.; was born in Delaware; 
settled in Mississippi; was elected a Representative 
in Congress from that State from 1843 to 1847. 

Roberta, ■William R.; was bom in Cork County, 
Ireland, February 6, 183U; came to the United States 
in 1849; received an acatlemic education; was en- 
gaged in mercantile pursuits in New York for nearly 
twenty years, and retired from business in 1869; was 
elected a Representative from New York to the 
Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses, serving on 
the Committees on Claims, and \Veights and Meas- 
ures; in April, 1885, was appointed, by President 
Cleveland, United States Minister to Chili. 

Robertson, Ed-ward "Wliite; was born near 
Nashville, Tennessee, June 13. 1823; removed, with 
his parents, to Louisiana in 1825; received a col- 
legiate ediicatiou ; commenced the study of law in 
1845; served in the army during the war with Mex- 
ico in 1846; was a Representative in the State Legis- 
lature from 1847 to 1849; graduated in law at the 
University of Louisiana in 1830; commenced prac- 
tice in Iberville Parish, I^ouisiana; was again in the 
Legislature in 1853; was State Auditor from 1857 to 
1862; entered the Confederate Army in the latter 
year, as Captain, and ser\ed throughout the war; at 
its close resumed the practice of law at Baton Rouge, 
Ljuisiana: was elected a Representative from Louis- 
iana to the Fortv-tifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty- 
seventh Congresses 

Robertson, George ; was born in Mercer Countyi 
Kentucky, November 18, 1790; completed his educa- 
tion at Transylvaniii Uui\ci>!ity; studi<'d law, and 
commenced pi'actice in 1809; in 1816 was elected a 
Representative in Congress, and served from 1817 to 
1821; was a member of the Legislature, and Speaker 
of the House during fcmr sessions, ending in 1827; in 
1828 was Secretary of State, and the same year was 
chosen Judge of the Court of Ai)peals; in 1829 was 
•■ommissioned Chief Justice of Kentucky, which posi- 
tion he resigned in 1833; resumed the practice of law 
in Lexington in 1835; was Professor of Law in Tran- 
sylvania University for twenty-three years; repeat- 
edly declined important ofliccs, including missions 
to Colombia and Peru. Died at Lexington, May 17, 
1874. 



Robertson, John; was bom in Virginia; waa 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1834 to 1839. 

Robertson, Thomas A.; was bora at Hodger>»- 
rille, Kentucky, September 9, 1848; graduated from 
Cecilian College, Kentucky, in 1870, and from Louis- 
ville Law University in 1871; was twice elected 
School Commissioner of La Rue County, Kentucky; 
afterwards was elected County Attorney; in 1877 was 
elected a Representative in the State Legislature; be- 
fore the expiration of his term of office was, in 1879, 
appointed Commonwealth Attorney, to till a vacancy, 
and in 1880 was elected to that office; was elected a 
Representative from Kentucky to the Forty-eighth 
Congress; was never defeated at the polls, having 
won every political contest into which he entered; . 
was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Robertson, Thomas Boiling; was born at 
Richmond, Virginia, in 1778; graduated at WilUjim 
and Marv College in 1807; waa United States District 
Judge of Louisiana; was the first Representative 
in Congress from Louisiana elected under the State 
Constitution, serving from 1812 to 1818. 

Robertson, Thomas J.; was born in Fairfield 
County, South Carolina. August 3, 1823; graduated 
at .South Carolina College in 1843; studied medicine 
for a time, but established himself as a planter; dur- 
ing the Rebellion remained a Union man; was a 
mer'berof the State Constitutional Convention con- 
vened after the passage of the Reconstruction Acts 
by Congress; in 1868 was elected a Senator in Con- 
gress from South Carolina for the term ending in 1871, 
serving on the Committees on Manufactures, Agricul- 
ture, and Claims; was re-elected for the term ending 
in 1877. and waa Chairman of the Committee on Man- 
ufactures. 

Robertson, ■William H.; was born in Bedford, 
Westchester ( onnty. New York, October 10, 1823; 
received an academic education in that town; studied 
law, and came to the bar in 1847, at Poughkeejisie; 
in 1848 was elected to the Assembly, and re-elected 
in 1849; in 1851 was elected to the State Senate; in 
1856 was elected, for four years, .Judge of Westches- 
ter County; was re-elected in 1859, and also in 1863, 
serving eleven years in all; in 1860 was a Presidential 
Elector; was a Delegate to the Baltimore Convention 
of l.~i64, which re-nominated President Lincoln; in 
1866 was elected a Representative from New Tork to 
the Fortieth (Jongress, serving on the Committees on 
Commerce, and Revolutionary Claims; was a Dele- 
gate to the "State liepul)lican Convention" of 1867; 
ii! 1875 was elected to the Senate of New York. 

Robertson, "Windham ; was elected Lieuten- 
ant-Governor of Virginia in 1834; in 1836 was made 
acting Governor of the State, remaining in that posi- 
tion until 1837. 

Robeson, George M.; was born in Warren 
Countv, New Jersey, in 1827; graduated at Prince- 
ton College in 1847; studied law; on coming to the 
bar, in 1850, settled in Newark, where he practiced 
his profession; settled in Camden, and in 1S59 was 
appointed Prosecuting Attorne.v for that County; on 
the outbreak of the Rebellion, was appointed, by the 
Governor of the State, a Brigadier-General, and took 
an active part in the organization of troops; in 1867 
was appointed Attorne.y-General of New Jersey, 
which position he resigned to accept a scat, .lune 22, 
1869, in the Cabinet of President Grant, as .'^ccreta^y 
of the Navy; remained in the Cabinet until the 
advent of President Hayes in 1877; was elected a 
Representative from New Jersey to the Forty-sixth 
and Fortv-seventh Congres,ses. 



42-1 



BIOGKAI'HIC A L ANNAl.S 



Robie, Frederick; was born at Gorham, Maine, 

August 1'^, 1S22, was litt«(l lor college at Gorham 
Academy, and graduated from Bowdoin College in 
1841; received a diploma from the Jetferson Medical 
College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1844, and 
practiced medicine at Bideford and Waldoboro, Maine, 
for tvrelve years; was a Representative in the State 
Legislature for seven years, serving as Speaker for 
two sessions; was a State Senator for two terms; 
served as Paymaster in the Union Army throughout 
the Civil War: was, for many years, a Director in 
several railroad and banking corporations; was a 
member of the Executive Council on the staft' of the 
Governor of Maine for four years; was made Master 
of the Maine State Grange of Patrons ol' Husbandry; 
in 1882 was elected Governor of Maine tor the term 
of two years; was re-elected in 1884. 

Robinson, Charles ; was the first Governor of 
the State of Kansas, having been elected in 18(>1, 
and serving one year. 

Robinson, Christopher; was born in Kliodc 
Island; graduated at Brown University in 1825; 
adopted the profession of the law; was .\ttorney- 
General of Rhode Island; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Rhode Island to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
ser\'ing as a member of the Committee on the .ludi- 
ciarv. and also on the Special Committee of Thirty- 
three on the Rebellions States; in 18H1 was appointed, 
by President Lincoln, Minister to Peru; was a Dele- 
gate to the " Loyalists' Convention," held in Phila- 
deliiliia in ISlKi. 

Robinson, Ed'ward ; was a ship-m.ister and 
merchant; served two years in the Maine Senate; was 
a Representative in Congress from Maine during the 
years ls;58 and 1839; in lS4il was a Presidential 
Elector. Pied Feliruary 20, 1857. aged si.xty-one 
years. 

Robinson, George D.; w.is bom at Lexington. 
Massachusetts, .lanuary 20, 1834; graduated at Har- 
vard College in lSr>6-, taught school from 1856 to 
1865; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and 
commenced practice at Chicopee, Massachusetts, in 
1866; was a Representative in the State Legislature 
in 1874, and a State .Senator in 1876; was elected a 
Representative from Massachusetts to the Forty-fifth, 
Forty-sixth. Forty-se\enth, and Forty-eighth Con- 
gresses; in 1883 was elected Governor of Massachu- 
setts and resigned his seat in Congress to assume the 
duties of that office, from .January, 1884; was re- 
elected in 1884 and 1885. 

Robinson, James O. ; was born in Edgar Coun- 
ty, Illinois, in l'^22, served as a private in the Mexi- 
can War; studied law, and came to the bar in 1854; 
was elected a Representative from Illinois to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, and was re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses, serving 
as Chairnian of the Committee on Mileage, and as a 
member of the Committee on Expenditures in the 
State Department ; was a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia " National Union Convention" of 1866; in 1S67 
was appointed a Commissioner to settle the war 
claims of Indiana; wa.s elected to the Forty-second 
and Forty-third Congresses, serving on various com- 
mittees. 

Robinson, James S.; was born in Richland 
County, Ohio. Octol)er'l4, 1827; received a common 
.school education; learned the trade of a printer; in 
184.") removed to Kenton, Ohio, and engaged in the 
publication of a newspaper : in 1856 was elected 
Chief Clerk of the Stat.e House of Representatives, 



and served two terms; enlisteil in the Union Army 
in 1861 and served throughout the war, rising to the 
rank of Brigadier-General and Brevet M.ajor-General; 
was Chairman of the Republican State Executive 
Committee from 1877 to 1879; was State Commis- 
sioner of Railroads and Telegraphs in 1880; was 
elected a Representative from Ohio to the Forty-sev- 
enth and Forty-eiglith Congresses. 

Robinson, James W.; was born in Union 
County. Ohio, November 28, 1826; graduated at .Jef- 
ferson College. Pennsylvania, in 1848. and at the 
Cincinnati Law College in 1851; was elected to the 
Legislature in 1858, 1860, and 1864; was elected to 
the Forty-third Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Elections. 

Robinson, John L.; was born in Kentucky; was 
a Representative in Congress from Indiana from 1847 
to 1853; in 1857 was appointed, by President Bu- 
chanan. United States Marshal for the District of 
Indiana, which office he held until his death, March 
21, 1860. 

Robinson, John M.; was Imrn in 1793; was one 
of the early settlers of Illinois, and one of the .ludges 
of the Supreme Court of that State; was a Senator in 
Congress liom 1h:',0 to 1.-I42. Died at Ottawa, Illinois, 
April 26, 1843. 

Robinson, John Stamford ; was born at Ben- 
nington. Vermont, November 10, 18114: graduated at 
William and Mary College in 1824; settled as a law- 
yer in his native town, and was successful in the 
profession; was. for many years, in the State Legis- 
lature; was Governor of Vermont from 18.53 to 18.54; 
in I'^GO was Delegate to the Charleston Democratic 
Convention. Died in Charleston. South Carolina, 
April 25. 1860. 

Robinson, Jonathan; was appointed Chief 
.iusticeof Vermont in 1801, in the place of .Judge 
."^niith. who resigned: in 1806 was elected to succeed 
-Mr, Smith as Senator in Congress, serving from 1807 
to lsil5. Died at Bennington, November 3, 1819, 
aged sixty-four years. 



Robinson, J. F.; 
from 1861 to 1863. 



was Governor of Kentucky 



Robinson, Lucius; was born at Windham 
Greene County. New York, November 4, 1810; was 
chiefly self-educated; attended Delaware Academy, 
at Delhi, New York, for several terms, and paid his 
expenses by teaching school for several months each 
year; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1-532. 
and entered upon the practice of law at Catskill, 
New York; was District-Attorney of Greene County. 
New York, from 1837 to 1840; in the latter year re- 
moved to New York City, where he practiced his 
profession: in 1843 was appointed, by the Governor. 
Commissioner in Chancery, and held the office until 
it was abolished, in 1846; then removed to his farm 
in Chemung County. New York; in 1859 was elected 
a Representative in the New York Legislature; was 
re-elected in I860: in 1861 was elected Comptroller 
of the State; was re-elected in 1863; changed his 
political views and was defeated as the Democratic 
candidate for Comptroller in 1^65; was defeated as 
a candidate for Congress in 1870; in 1871 was a mem- 
ber of the State Constituticmal Commission; in 
1^75 was again elected Comptroller; in 1876 was 
elected Governor of New York. 

Robinson, Milton S. ; was born at Versailles, 
Indiana, April 20, 1832; received a common school 
education; studied law with his father; was admitted 



B 1 O Gi R A I' H 1 C A L ANNALS. 



425 



to the bar of the Supreme Court of Indiana in 1851, 
and engaged in practice; served in the Union Army 
tliroughout the War of the Rebellion; was a Presi- 
dential Klector in 1856; was elected State Prison 
Director iu lf<61; resigned and entered the army as 
Lieutenant-Colonel; rose to the rank of Brevet 
Brigadier-General ; was a member of the State Sen- 
ate from 1867 to 18711; in 1874 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Indiana to the Forty-fourth Congress; 
was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Robinson, Moses ; was educated at Dartmouth 
College; served in tlie Legislature of Vermont; was 
Governor of that State fiom 1789 to 1790; was a mem- 
ber of the Senate of the United States from Vermont, 
under the administration of President Washington, 
friiMi 1791 to 1796, when he resigned ; was one of the 
minority who were opposed to the ratification of Jay 's 
Treaty. Died at Bennington. May 2(j. 1813, aged 
sevi-nty-two years. 

Robinson, Orville ; was born in New York; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
181:! to 1845; also served four years in the Assembly 
of that State, from Oswego County. 

Robinson, Thomas ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Delaware from 1839 to 1841. Died in 
Sn.s.sex County, in that State, October 28, 1843. 

Robinson, "William E.; was born near Cooks- 
town. Tyrone County, Ireland, May 6, 1814; received 
a good English and classical education; emigrated to 
this country in 1836; entered Yale College, and re- 
ceived the degree of A.M. in 1841; was, for two 
years, a student at the Yale Law School ; between the 
years 1838 and 1844 was a frequent writer for the 
New York Herald; during the latter year became 
identified with the New York Tribune, signing his 
communications ''Richelieu"; in 1848 and 1849 be- 
came identified as editor with a weekly paper 
called Till Proph: in 1859 visited his native land and 
the Continent of Europe; practiced law in New York 
from 1853 to 1862; in 1862 was appointed United 
States Assessor of Internal Revenue for the City of 
Brooklyn; in 18U6 was elected a Representative from 
New York to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Foreign Affairs, and Expenses in the 
Treasury Department; was again a Representative in 
the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Robison, David F.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1855 to 1857. 

Rochester, "William B.; was born in Washing- 
ton County, Maryland; was a man of eminent legal 
acnuirements, and much respected for his abilities; 
was a Representative in Congress from New York 
from 1821 to 1823; subsequently held the otiice of 
Circuit Judge in New Y^ork. but resigned to compete 
with l)e Witt Clinton for the ollice of Governor; was 
lo.st, with many others, oft" the coast of North Caro- 
lina, by the explosion of the steamer Pulaski, June 
15, 18.38. 

Rockhill, "William ; was bom in New .lersey. 
and, having settled in Indiana, was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from that State from 1847 to 
1S49. 

Rock'well, Charles "W.; was born in Norwich, 
Conuecticnt; was the brother of .lohn A. Rockwell; 
received a good <'(iiication; devoted himself to mer- 
cantile pursuits, and acquired a large fortune in the 
Southern States; then returned to his native place. 
where for twenty years he took a leading part in puli- 



lic and benevolent enterprises; in 1835 was chosen 
Mayor of Norwich, and held the office three years : was 
again elected Mayor in 1845; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1845; was one of the projectors of the Nor- 
wich and Worcester Railroad; in 1849 was ap- 
pointed Commissioner of Customs in Washington, 
and held the office until 1853. 

Rock'well, Francis "W.; was born at Pittsfield, 

Massachusetts, May '2(i. 1844: received a good educa- 
tion, graduating from .Vmher.-<t College in 1868, and 
from Harvard Law School in 1871; was admitted to 
the bar, and engaged in the practice of law in his 
native place; in 1873 was appointed one of the 
Special Justices of the District Court of Central Berk- 
shire; resigned in 1875; held several local offices ; in 
1879 was elected a Representative in the State Legis- 
lature; in 1881 was elected a State Senator, and was 
re-elected in 1882; in .lanuary, 1884, was elected a 
Representative from Massachusetts to the Forty- 
eighth Congiess, to fill the vacancy caused by the 
resignation of George D. Robinson, elected Governor 
of Massachusetts; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Rock'well, John A.; was born at Norwich, Con- 
necticut, in 1804; graduated at Yale College in 1822; 
studied law, which he practiced withability and suc- 
cess; -n'as twice elected to the State Senate; was, at 
one time. Judge of the County Court for New Lon- 
don County; was a Representative in Congress from 
Connecticut from 1845 to 1849, ser-ving as Chairman 
of the Committee on Claims; subsequently practiced 
in the Court of Claims, and was the author of a work 
on Spanish law. Died in Washington, of apo- 
plexy, February 10, 1861. 

Rock'well, Julius; was born atColebrook, Litch- 
field County, Connecticut, April 26, 1805; entered 
Yale College in 1822, and graduated in 1826; studied 
law at the New Haven Law School, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in Litchfield County, in 1829, com- 
mencing practice in 1830 at Pittsfield, Massai'hu- 
setts; was a member of the Hou.se of Representatives 
of Massachusetts from 1834 to 1838, and was Speaker 
from 1835 to 1838; in that year w;is appointed Bank 
Commissioner, and held the office three years; was 
a Representative in Congress from 1847 to 1851 ; in 
1853 was a member of the Convention to revise the 
Constitution of Massachusetts; was a United States 
Senator, by appointment, for two sessions, from 1853 
to 1855 to succeed Mr. Everett; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1856; in 185.-' was again elected to the 
House of Representatives of that .State; in 1859 was 
made a Judge of the SuperiorCourtof Massachusetta. 

Rodman, "William; was born in Bensalem, 
Bucks County. Pennsylvania. October 7, 1757, his 
parents being of the Society of Friends: received a 
liberal education; served in the Revolutionary War 
as a soldier; under the call from Washington, he 
raised and commanded a company, during the 
''Whisky Insurrection" in Western Pennsylvania; 
was. for many years, in the Legislature of his native 
State: was a Representative in Congress from 1811 
to 1813. Died at the place of his birth, .Inly '27, 
1824. 

Rodney, Caesar ; was bom in Dover, Kent 
County, Delaware, in 1730; received a liberal educa- 
tion; was High Sheritf, Justice of the Peace, and a 
.ludge in his native county; in 1762 was elected to the 
State Legislature, ser\'ing several years, and as .Speak- 
er in 1769; was a Delegate to the .New York Congress 
in 1765; w;is a Delegate from Delaware to the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1774 to 1778, and in 1783; w;i> 



426 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



a signer of the Declaration of Independence; was 
appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of Delaware; 
also served lor a time as <!!eneral of Militia; was 
President of the State of Delaware. Died in 1783. 
A son of Ills was subsequently a member of the Fed- 
eral Congress. 

Rodney, Caesar A.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Delaware from 1803 to 1805; was ap- 
pointed Attorney-General of the I'nited States by 
I'resident .Teft'erson; in 1812 commanded a company 
of voluiitcera in defense of Baltimore; was again a 
liepresciitative in Congress from Delaware from 1819 
to 1821 ; was a Senator of the United States from 
13\!1 to 1823, in which year he wa.sappi:iinted United 
States Minister to Buenos Ayres, where he died June 
10. 1824. 

Rodney, Caleb ; was acting Gtovernor of Dela- 
ware in 1822 and 1823, in the place of .lohn Collins, 
who died before the close of his term as Governor. 

Rodney, Daniel ; was a Presidential Elector in 
1809; was Governor of Delaware from 1814 to 1817: 
was a Representative in Congress from the State of 
Delaware from 1822 to 1823; was a Senator in Con- 
gress from 1826 to 1827. Died September 2, 1846, 
aged se^■enty-five years. 

Rodney, George B.; was born in Delaware; 
graduated at Princeton College in 1820; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from his native State from 
1841 to 184.5; was a Delegate, in 1861, to the " Peace 
Congress" of Washington. 

Rodney, Thomas ; was a Delegate from Dela- 
ware to the Continental Congress from 1781 to 1783. 
and from 178.5 to 1787; in 1803 was appointed, by 
President Jeft'enson, United States Judge for the Ter- 
ritory of Mississippi. 

Rogers, Andrew J.; was born in Hamburg, 
Sussex County, New Jersey, .Tuly 1, 1828; received 
a limited education ; spent the most of his youth as 
an assistant in a hotel and in a country store; taught 
school for two years and a half, during which time 
he .studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1852; in 
18(i2 was elected a Represeutati\e from New Jersey 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Public Expenditures; was re-elected to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on the Judiciary, Expenses in the Post Office 
Department, and Reconstruction. 

Rogers, Anthony A. C; wa.s born in Sumner 
County, Tennessee, February 14, 1821; during his 
youth was occupied as a clerk in a store, aud was 
subsequently a merchant in his native State; in 1854 
removed to Arkansas, where he continued in the 
mercantile business; in 1802 was arrested and jihiced 
under bonds, by the State authorities, for sympathiz- 
ing with the General Government; in 18G4 was 
elected to Congress, but not admitted ; after the war 
resided for a time in Illinois, but did not relinquish 
his citizenship in Arkansas; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from that State to the Forty-first Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Revolutionary Pen- 
sions, and Edncation and Labor. 

Rogers, Charles ; was bom in New York ; 
served in the Assembly of New York from Washing- 
ton County in 1833 and 1837; was a Representative 
in Congress from 1843 to 1845. 

Rogers, Daniel; was Governor of Pennsylvania 
in the years 1797 and 1798. 



Rogers, Edward ; was born in Connecticut; re- 
ceived a classical eilucation; studied law, and settled 
in Madison County, New York; was for many years- 
Countj' .Judge; was a Representative in Congress 
from New York, from 1843 to 1845. Died in Gal- 
way, Saratoga County, New York, May 23, 1857, 
aged seventy years. 

Rogers H. Q-. ; was a citizen of Pennsylvania; 
in 1840 was appointed Charge d'Affairts to Sardinia, 
where he remained one year. 

Rogers, James ; was born in South Carolina; 
gradu.ited at the University of that State in 1813; 
adopted the profession of the law; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from that State, from 1835 to 1837, 
and again from 1839 to 1843. 

Rogers, John ; was a Delegate from Maryland 
to the Continental Congress from 1775 to 1776; was 
Chancellor of the State. Died at Annapolis in 1789. 

Rogers, John; was born in Caldwell, New 
York, May 9, 1813; received a common school edu- 
cation; was a manufacturer and merchant; was 
Supervisor of his town ten years; was elected to the 
Forty-second Congress, serving on the Committees 
on the State Department and Manufactures. 

Rogers, John Henry; was born in Bertie 
County, North Carolina, October 9, 1845; removed 
to .Mis.sissippi in 1853; served in the Confederate 
.\rmy from March, 1862, to the close of the war, 
rising to the rank of First Lieutenant; in 1865 en- 
tered Centre College, at Danville, Kentucky; in 1867 
entered the University of Mississippi, at Oxford, and 
graduated in 1868; in 1869 removed to Fort Smith. 
.Vrkansas, and entered upon the practice of law; ia 
1877 was elected Circuit Judge, and was re-elected 
in 1878; resigned in 1882, and was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Arkansas to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Rogers, Siou H.; was born in Wake County, 

North Carolina, September 30, 1825; graduated at 
the University of North Carolina in 1846; studied 
h*w, aud came to the bar in 1848; was elected to the 
Thirty-third Congress; was elected to the Legisla- 
ture of North Carolina in 1860: served in the Con- 
federate Army as Colonel of the Forty -seventh North 
Carolina Regiment; was Attorney-General of North 
Carolina from 1862 to 1868; was elected to the Forty- 
second Congress. 

Rogers, Thomas J.; w.as born in Waterford, 
Ireland, in 1781; came to the United States when 
but three years of age; was the author of biographi- 
cal dictionaries of Revolutionary worthies; edited a 
political paper; was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania from 1818 to 1824. Died in New 
York City, December 7, 1832. 

Rogers, William F.; was born in Northamp- 
ton County, Pennsylvania, March 1, 1820; at an 
early age entered a printing office at Easton, Penn- 
sylvania, and followed the trade of a printer until 
forty years of age; in 1840 removed to Buffalo. New 
York; in 1861 was a Captain of Militia; assisted in 
organizing the Twenty-first Regiment of New York 
Volunteers, and was unanimously elected its Colonel; 
served with it in the field until it was discharged in 
1863; in 1864 was appointed Provost-Marshal of the 
Thirtieth District of New York; was elected Comp- 
troller of the city of Buflalo in 1866, and Mayer 
in 1868; was appointed Major-General of the Fonrtn 
Division National Guard: was elected a Representa- 
tive from New York to the Forty-eighth Congress. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



427 



Rollins, Ed-ward A.; was bom in New Hamp- 
shire; in 1865 was appointed Commissioner of Inter- 
nal Revenue, holding the office until superseded by 
Columbus Delano, in 1868; after leaving the Treas- 
nry removed to Philadelphia and became interested 
in the business of life insurance. 

Rollins, Edward H.; was born in Somers worth, 
now RoUinford, Strafford County, New Hampshire, 
October 3, 1824; received an academic education, and 
for a short time taught school; was tor several years 
devoted to mercantile pursuits, first as a clerk and 
then as an apothecary; was a member of the State 
Legislature in 1855, 1856, and 1857. serving as 
Speaker during the last two years; was chosen Chair- 
man of the State Republican Committee in 1856, 
which position he held until he entered Congress; was 
elected a Representative from New Hampshire to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Committee 
on the District of Columbia; was re-elected to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Accounts; was re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, continuing at the head of the same 
Committee, and serving on the Committee on Public 
Expenditures; was also a member of the National 
Committee appointed to accompany the remains of 
President Lin<'(iln to Illinois; was a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention" of 1866: was 
elected Secretary of the Union I'acitic Railroad Com- 
pany in 1869, and Treasurer in 1871 ; resigned those 
positions when elected a Initeil States Senator from 
New Hampshire for the term of six years, from 
March 4, 1877. 

Rollins, James Sidney ; was born in Madison 
County, Kentucky, April 19, 1812; graduated at the 
State University of Indiana, at BlooraingUm, in 1830; 
studied law and graduated at the Transylvania Law 
School, in Kentucky, in 1833; soon afterwards set- 
tled in Boone County, Mi.ssouri; in 1838 was elected 
to the State Legislature, and was re-elected in 1 840 and 
1842; in 1846 was elected to the State .Senate, serving 
four years; in 1854 was again elected to tlie Legisla- 
ture; in 1857 was defeated as tlie Wliig candidate lor 
Governor by two hundred and thirty votes — one 
hundred thousand having Ijeen polled — though many 
thought him legally elected; in 1861) was elected a 
Representa,tive trom Jlissouri to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on tlie Committees on Commerce, 
and Expenditures in the War Department; in 1862 
was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Naval Affairs; was a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia "National Union Convention' of 
1866. 

Roman, Andre Bienvenu ; was bom in St. 
Laudry Parish, Louisiana, in 1795; was a member 
of the Legislature in 1818; was frequently re-elected, 
and served four years as Speaker; was Judge of St. 
.lames's Parish from 1826 to 1828; was Speaker of the 
House from 1628 to 1830; was Groveruor of Louisiana 
from 1830 to 1834, and from 1838 to 1841; was a 
member of the Convention which passed the Ordi- 
nance of Secession, which he opposed; was appointed, 
by the Confederate LJovernmeut, with .John Forsyth 
and Martin J. Crawford, to confer with the Govern- 
ment of the United States at Wasiiington. Died in 
St. James's Parish, Louisiana, January 29, 1866. 

Roman, J. Dixon ; was born in Maryland ; was 
educated a lawyer; was a Presidential Elector on two 
occasions; was a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1817 to 1849; was President of the 
Hager.stown Bank; w;is a Delegat<" to the " Peace 
Congress" of 1861. Died in Marvlaud, .lanuary 19, 
1867 



Romeis, Jacob ; was Ijorn in the village of 
Weisenbach, Kingdom of Bavaria, Germany, De- 
cember 1, 1835; came to the United .States, with his 
parents, in 1847, and settled at Buffalo, New York; 
attended the village scliool at Weisenbach, and the 
public and select night schools in Buffalo; from 18.50 
to 1856 was employed on the large railroad steamers 
on the lakes; then settled at Toledo, Ohio in the em- 
ploy of the Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific Railway, 
in which he continued; in 1874 was elected a mem- 
ber of the Board of Aldermen of Toledo, and was re- 
elected in 1876; was President of the Board in 1877; 
in 1879 was elected Mayor of the city, and was re- 
elected in 1881 and 1883; in 1884 was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Ohio to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Romero, Trinidad ; was born at Santa Fe, New 
Mexico, June 15, 1835; received a common school 
education; engaged in merchandising and stock-rais- 
ing; was a Representative in the Territorial Legis- 
lature in 1863; was elected Probate Judge of San 
Miguel County in 1867, and served until he re- 
signed; was elected a Delegate from New Mexico to 
the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Roosevelt, James I.; was born in the city of 
New York. December 11. 1796; was educated at 
Columbia College; graduated in 1815; studied law 
with Peter .Vugustus Jay, and was for several years 
his partner; in 1-^35 and 1840 was a member of the 
State Legislature; in 1842 and 1843 was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from New 'York City; declined 
a re-election, and went abroad in 1813; on his re- 
turn, retired from the practice of law to private life, 
but was induced to accept the appointment of Judge 
of the Sujireme Court of the State in 1851 ; was also, 
tor several years, in early life, a member of the city 
government; was an Attorney of the Ifnited States, 
and held the office of Tndge eight years. Died in 
New York, .\pril •">. 1^<7.'>. 

Roosevelt, Robert B.; was born in the city of 
New York in 1829; received a liberal education and 
studied law; practiced in the city of .\'e\\ York for 
twenty years; was the author of "Game Fish of the 
North," "Superior Fishing," "Game Birds of the 
North.' "Five Acres too Much," and other works; 
was appointed Commissioner of FLsheries for the 
State of New York in 1868; edited Tlie New )"o/-fc 
Citizen from 1868; was elected to the Forty-second 
Congress, serving on various Committees, with special 
zeal upon the one for investigating the affairs of the 
District of Columbia. 

Root, Erastus ; was born at Hebron, Connecti- 
cut, Mar<li 16, 1772; graduated at Dartmouth Col- 
lege in 1793, after which he taught school for some 
time; studied law, and settled in Delaware County, 
New York, in 1796; was a Representative in the 
New York Assembly eleven yeai^s; was .Speaker of the 
House three years; was .State .Senator eight years; 
was a Representative in Congress from 1803 to 1805, 
and from 1809 to 1817, when he resigned and was 
appointed Postmaster at Delhi, New York; in 1^22 
Wiis eliosen Lieutenant-Governor of the State; was 
again elected to Congress from 1831 to 1833; wa.*: al.so 
Major-t^-eneral of .Militia. Died in New York City, 
December 24, 1846. 

Root, Jesse ; was horn at Northampton, JIa.ssa- 
chusetts, January, 1737; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1756; preached about three years, and 
then studied law; settled in Hartford, Connecticut; 
took part in the Revolutionary War; was a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress from 177^' to 1783; was 
appointeii .hidge of the Superior Court in 1779: w;is 
Chief Justice of Connecticut Irom 1796 until his 
resignation in lv«l07. Died March 29, 1822. 



428 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Boot, Joseph M.; was born iu Cayuga, New 
York, October 7, 1817; read law at Auburn, and re- 
moved to Ohio in 1829; was appointed Prosecuting 
Attorney in that State; in 1840 was elected to the 
State Senate; served as a Representative in Congress 
from 18-15 to 1851 ; was. lor a time. Chairman of the 
Committees on the Post Office, and Expenditures in 
the 'fi-easury Department; was a Presidential Elector 
in 18(;0, and a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyal- 
ists' Convention of 1866. 

Root, Joseph P.; was a citizen of Kansas; in 
1870 was appointed Minister Plenipotentiary toChih, 
but resigned, and left that country in 1873. 

Roots, Logan H.; was born in Perry County, 
Illinois, March 26, 1841; graduated at the Normal 
University of that State; was principal of a high 
school; in ]8()2touk an active part in raising troo]is 
for the war, and was appointed a <)>uartermaster; 
subsequently served as a Commissary of Subsistence, 
with the rank of Colonel, in the operations against 
Atlanta; after the war settled in Arkansas as a pUint- 
er; was elected a Representative from that State to 
the Fortieth Congress, and re-elected to the Forty- 
first Congress, serving on the Committees on Mines 
and Mining, and Pacific Railroad; was also a Dele- 
gate to the Chigago Convention of 18li8. 

Rose, Robert L.; was born at Geneva, New 
York, October 12, 1804; was a farmer by occupation; 
held the office of Supervisor for the town of Allen's 
Hill; was a Representative in Congress from New 
York from 1847 to 1851. 

Rose, Robert S.; was born in Henrico County, 
Virginia: was a Representative in Congress from the 
State of New York ftom 1823 to 1827, and again from 
1829 to 1831. Died at Waterloo, New York, Novem- 
ber 24, 1835, aged sixty-three years. 

Rosecrans, William Starke; was born at 
Kingston, Ohio, December 6, 1819 ; graduated at 
"West Point in 1842; entered the Engineer Corps; was 
Assistant Professor of Engineering at "West Point in 
1843 an*; 1844, and from 1845 to 1847; was Assi.staut 
Professor of Natural Philosophy in 1844 and 1845; 
had charge of the repaii's at Fort Adams, Rhode 
Island, from 1847 to 1853; in 1854 resigned because 
of ill-health; was a civil engineer and architect at 
Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1854 and 1855; was .'^upei-in- 
tendeut of Cannel Coal Company from 1855 to 1857; 
engaged in the manufacture of kerosene oil from 1857 
to 1861 ; was then appointed Aid to General McClellan 
in Ohio; was appointed Colonel, and Chief Engineer 
of Ohio; was commissioned Colonel of Ohio Volun- 
teers, and Brigadier-General Unit«d States Army ; 
commanded the Department of Ohio; in 1862 was in 
command of a division at the siege of Corinth; com- 
manded the Army of the Mississippi, Army of the 
Cumberland, and won the battle of Stone River; w,as 
nnsnceessfnl at Chickamauga, in 1863, and was re- 
lieved of his command; in 1864 commanded the De- 
partment of Missouri; was made Brevet Major-Gen- 
eral United States Army in 1865; resigned in 1867; 
was Minister to Mexico in 1868, but was recalled in 
a few months; was elected a Representative from 
California to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eiglith 
Congresses; in June, 1885, was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Cleveland, Register of the Treasury, at Wash- 
ington. 

Ross, David ; was a Delegate from Maryland to 
the Continental Congress from 1786 to 1787. 

Ross, Edmund G.; was born at Ashland, Ohio. 
December 7, 1826; received a limited education; in 



August, 1837, was apprenticed to the printing busi- 
ness; in 1847 removed to Wisconsin; was foreman in 
the office of the Milwaukee SenYmo/,- soon afterwards 
became an editor; on the breaking out of the trou- 
bles iu Kansas, in 1856, removed to that State, and 
took an active part in its local affairs ; was a member 
of the " Kansas Constitutional Convention " of 1859; 
from that time until 1861 served in the State Legis- 
lature; enlisted as a private soldier in a Kansas regi- 
ment during the Rebellion, attaining the rank of 
Major; subsequently became the associate editor of 
the I.,awrence Tribune; in July, 1866, was appointed, 
by the Governor, a Senator in Congress from Kansas 
for the unexpired term of James H. Lane, deceased, 
ending in 1872, serving on the Committees on Pen- 
.sions, Indian Affairs, and Printing; in January, 1867, 
his ajipoiutment to the Senate was confirmed by the 
Legislature, and he was made Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Enrolled Bills; subsequently returned to 
his old occupation of printing, and in 1875 was fore- 
man of an office in Kansas; in 1880 was the Demo- 
cratic candidate for Governor of Kansas, but was not 
elected; in 1882 removed to New Mexico; in May, 
1885, was appointed, by President Cleveland, Gov 
ernor of the Territory of New Mexico. 

Ross, George; was born at New Castle, Dela- 
ware, in 1730; acquired a classical education under 
his father's roof; studied law, and came to the bar in 
1751; settled in Lancaster, Pennsylvania; in 1768 
was elected to the Colonial IjCgislature; was a Dele- 
gate to the Continental Congiess from 1774 to 1777; 
was one of the signers of the Declaration of Inde- 
pendence; was a member of the Colonial Convention 
that commenced the new government; was Chairman 
of the Committee that formed the organization of the 
State Government; in 1779 was appointed Judge of 
the Court of Admiralty for Pennsyhania. Died in 
July of that year, from an attack of gout. He was a 
profound lawyer and an earnest patriot. 

Ross, Henry H.; was born in Essex County, 
New Y''ork; graduated at Columbia College, New 
York, in 1808; studied law, and practiced the profes- 
sion in Essex, Essex County, New York, for fifty 
years; was a Representative in Congress from New 
York from 1825 to 1827; was County Judge of Essex 
Countv in 1847 and 1848; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1848, heading the State ticket, and officiating as 
President of the Electoral College. Died September 
13, 1862. He was distinguished for his ability, elo- 
quence, dignity, and high character. 

Ross, James; was born about the year 1761, in 
Pennsylvania: was a lawyer by profession, and was 
a member of the Convention that formed the Consti- 
tution of Penn.sylvania in 1790; was a Senator in 
Congress from Pennsylvania, from 1794 to 1803, 
serving during one session as President pro fern, of 
that body. Died at his residence, near Pittsburgh, 
November 27, 1847. 

Ross, John ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania, from 1809 to 1811, and again 
from 1815 to 1818, having resigned. 

Ross, Le'wls "W. ; was bom in Seneca County, 
New York, December 8, 1812; removed, with his 
father, to Illinois when a boy; was educated at the 
Illinois College; adopted the profession of the law; 
in 1840 and 1844 was elected to the State Legisla- 
ture; w.-is a Presidential Elector in 1848, and a Dele- 
gate in 1860 to the Charleston and Baltimore Conven - 
tions; in 1861 was elected to the "State Constitution.-ii 
Convention"; in 1862 was elected a Representati \ « 
from Illinois to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving- 



BIOOKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



429- 



on the Committee on Invalid Pensions; was re-elected 
to the Thir'iv-ninth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Indian Affairs; was also re-elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the additional Com- 
mitt<"e on Agriculture. 

Boss, Miles ; was born in Raritan Township, 
Middlesex County, New .lersey, April 30, 1828; re- 
ceived a ciiiiinion school education; was for many 
years engaged, with his father, iu the shipping busi- 
cess; was a wliolesale coal merchant, and largely 
interested in shiiiping property; at dift'erent times 
filled most of the local offices of the district; was a 
member of the Board of l\eehold ers ; was a Repre- 
sentative to the State Legislature for two years; in 
1874 was elected a Representative from New Jersey 
to the Forty-lburth Congress; was re-elected to the 
Forty-fifth, Forty -sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- 
gresses. 

Ross, Sobieski; was born in Condersport, 
Pennsylvania, May IfJ, 1828; was educated as a 
' surveyor ami engineer, but engaged in settling land 
in the northern counties of Pennsylvania; was 
elected to the Forty-third Congress, and re-elected to 
the Forty-fourth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Agriculture. 

Ross, Thomas ; was a native of Pennsylvania; 
graduated at Princeton College in 1825; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from that.State, from 1840 to 
18-53. 

Ross, Thomas R.; was born in 1789; was long 
a leading lawyer in Warren County, Ohio, and was 
legal preceptor of Thomas Corwin, who became 
his partner in the practice of law; was a Keprcsenta- 
tive from Ohio to the Sixteenth, Seventeentli, and 
Eighteenth Congresses; in 1849 retired from business 
and settled upon a farm; two year" before his death 
became blind; was considered a man of treatability 
and learning. Died near Lebanon, Oliiu. June 28. 
1869. 

Ross, "William H.; was born in Delaware; was 
elected (jovcrnpr of that State in 1851, continuing in 
ofBcc until 1855. 

Rossell, "William; was born in New Jersey in 
17til; received a good education and studied law; 
was for many years a Judge of the United States 
District Court; also a Judge of the Supreme Court of 
New Jersey. Died at Mount Holly. .Inne 20, 1840. 

^ Roth'well, Gideon F.; was bom in Callaway 
County, -Missouri, in 1830; gra<luatcd at the Univers- 
ity of the State of Mi.ssouri; studied and practiced 
law; was elected a Representative from Missouri to 
the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Rousseau, Lovell H.; was born near Stanford, 
Lincoln County, Kentucky. August 4, 1818. to which 
place his father had emigrated from Virginia; was 
chiefly self-educated, acquiring a good English educa- 
tion; adopted the profession of the law, and prac- 
ticed with success in Indiana, to which state he re- 
moved in 1841; was elected for three years to the 
Legislature of Indiana, and for three years to the 
' Senate of the State; served through the war with 
Mexico as a Captain, and was present at Buena Vista; 
in 1850returned to Louisville, Kentucky, wherehesub- 
ieqnently resided; in 1860 was elected, by both politi- 
cal parties, to the Senate of Kentucky ; after serving 
tlirongh the stormy session of 18(il , resigned his seat, 
and asked for permission to raise troops for the war; 
ia June of that year was commissioned a Colonel of 



Volunteers, and iu July was in camp with four com- 
panies; in October, 1861, was appointed a Brigadier- 
(jieneral; was present at the battle of Shiloh, and re- 
ported for gallantry; was also in the battle of Perr.v- 
ville, and for his "distinguished gallantry and good 
service" there, was, in October, 1862. appointed a 
Major-General; was also in the advance upon Corinth 
after the battle of Shiloh, and in the battle of Stone 
River, and manj' similar engagements; in 1864 con- 
ducted a highly important and successful raid into 
the heart of Alabama, and defended Fortress Rose- 
crans with eight thousand mcu during the siege of 
Nashville; in 1865 was elected a Representative from 
Kentucky to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Military AtTairs and on Roads and 
Canals; was also one of the Representatives desig- 
nated by the House to attend the funeral of General 
Scott, in 1866; in June, 186(i, made a personal assault 
on J. B. Griunell, a fellow-member of the House, for 
words spoken in debate; although the Committee 
appointed to investigate the subject reported a reso- 
lution to expel, the House adopted the minority re- 
port to reprimand him for violating the privileges of 
the House, whereupon he resigned his seat as a Rep- 
resentative in the Thirty-ninth ( 'ougress, but was re- 
elected, during the subsequent recess, to the same 
Congress, ser\Tng again on the Committees on Mili- 
tary Affairs, and Roads and Canals; in April, 1867, 
was appointed a Brigadier-General in the regular 
army, and was assigned to duty in the new Territory 
of Alaska, 

Rousseau, Richard H.; was a citizen of Ken- 
tucky: in 1866 was appointed Minister Resident to 
Honduras, returning to the United States in 1869. 

Routt, John Li. ; was a resident of Denver, Colo- 
rado; in 1871 was appointed Second Assistant Post- 
master-General, in which capacity he served until 
1875, when he resigned, and returned to Colorado; 
was Governor of Colorado Territorv during a part of 
the year 1875; in 1876 was elected Governor of the 
new State of Colorado, holding the office until 1879. 

RO'wan, John ; was born in Pennsylvania, in 
1773; emigrated to Kentucky when quite young; was 
a member of the Convention which formed the Con- 
stitution of 1799; was Secretary of State in 1804; 
was elected a member of Congress from 1807 to 1809; 
was, for many vears, a member of the General As- 
,sembly; was a .judge of the Court of Appeals in 1819; 
was a .Senator in Congress from 1825 to 1831; his last 
public position was that of Minister to the Two 
Sicilies. Died in Louisville, Kentucky, July 13, 
18.53. 

Ro'wre, Peter ; was a Representative in Congress 
from New York, from 1853 to 1855. 

Ro'well, Jonathan H.; was born at Haverhill, 
New Hampshire. February 10. 1^33; was reared on a 
farm; removed to McLean County, Illinois, in 1849; 
received a classical education, graduating from Eureka 
College. Illinois, in 1861; served three years in the 
Union Army, during the Civil War, as a line officer; 
graduated from the Law Dejjartment of the Chicago 
University, and was admitted to the bar in 1865; en- 
gaged iu the practice of law at Bloomington, Illinois; 
was State's Attorney of the Eighth Judicial District 
from 1868 to 1872; was a Presidential Elector in H80; 
was elected a Representative from Illinois to the 
Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Ro'wland, David ; was a Delegate from Con.-- 
necticut to the Colonial Congre.ss. which met in \e«- 
York in 1765. 



43UI 



B I O U K A P H 1 C A L ji. N A A L a . 



Royce, Homer E.; was boru in Berkshire, Ver- 
mont, in 1819; received a common school education; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in l'^42: 
■wasamemberoftheStateLegislaturein 1646 and 1847: 
was Prosecuting Attorney ibr tlie State in 1848; was 
a State Senator in 1849, 1^50, and 18r)l; was elected 
a Kepresentative I'rom Vermont to the Thirty-fifth 
Congress, serving as a memlier of the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the same commit- 
tee; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' 
Convention " of 1866. 

Royce, Stephen; was boru at Tinmouth. Ver- 
mont, August 12, 1787; graduated at Middlebury 
College in 1807; was a member of the Legislature in 
1815 and 1816, from Sheldon County, and from 1822 
to 1824 from St. Albans County; was Judge of the 
Supreme Court of the State in 1826 and 1827, and 
from 1829 to 1852; was Chief .Justice from 1846 to 
1851; was Governor of Vermont from 1854 to 1856; 
received the degree of LL. D. from the University of 
Vermont in 1837. Died in East Berkshire, Vermont, 
November 11, 1868. 

Rublee, Horace ; was a citizen of Wisconsin; 
in 1869 was appointed Minister Resident to Switzer- 
land. 

Ruffln, Thomas; was born in Edgecombe County. 
North Carolina; graduated at Chapel Hill Univer.sity; 
a lawyer by profession ; served as Circuit Attorney of 
the Seventh Judicial Circuit of the State of Missouri 
from December, 1844, to December. 1848; was elected 
a Representative from North Carolina to the Thirty- 
third, Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth 
Congresses, serving as a member of the Committees on 
Public Lands, on Accounts, and on the Militia; took 
part in the Rebellion of 1861 as a member of the Con- 
federate Congress, having previously been a Delegate I 
to the "Peace Congress" of 1861; also served as a 
Colonel in the Southern Army, and from the effects 
of a wound, died, at Alexandria. Virginia, in October, 
1863. 

Ruggles, Benjamin ; was born in Wiuflham 
County, Connecticut, in 1763; obtained the means for 
receiving a classical education by teaching a school in 
winter; studied law, and, after his admission to the 
bar, removed to Marietta. Ohio; subsequently settled 
at St. Clairsville; In 18P> was elected President 
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas for the Third 
Circuit; was elected by the Legislature, a Senator of 
the United States from Oliio, serving from 1815 to 
1833; from his well-known habits of industry, and 
constant devotion to the interests of his constituents, 
he was called "The Wheelhorse of the Senate"; 
from his youth, he was a member of the Masonic fra- 
ternity; in 1837 was a Presidential Elector. Died at 
St. Clairsville, ( Ihio, September 2, 1837, aged seven- 
ty-four years. 

Ruggles, Charles H.; was born in Litchfield 
Connty, Connecticut, about the year 1790; adopted 
the profession ol the law; removing to New York was 
a member of tlie New York Le.gislature in 182U; was 
a Representative in Congress from New York from 
1821 to 1823; was, for many years, a Judge of tlie 
Circuit Court ; served for a second term in the State 
Legislature; was made a Judge of the Court of Ap- 
peals, and Presiding Judge from 1853; retired from 
the bench in 1855. Died at Poughkeepsie, June 16 
1865. ^ ' 

Rug-gles, John ; was born at West borough, Mas- 
sachusetts; was well educ:ited, and po.-;sessed a taste 
for the mechanic arts; was nine times elected to the 



Maine Legislature, and officiated as Speaker tmee 
years; from 1831 to 18:;5 was Judge of the Court of 
Common Pleas; was a Senator in Congress from 
Maine from 1835 to 1841, and a member of the Com- 
mittee on Commerce; took a .special interest in, and 
was the originator, when in Congress, of the idea of 
a re-organization of the Patent Office, and the first 
patent granted, after the re-organization, July 28, 
1836. was granted to him tor a locomotive steam-en- 
gine. 

Rug-gles, Nathaniel ; was a native of Massa- 
chusetts: graduated at Harvard University in 1781; 
was a Kepresentative in Congress from Massachusetts 
from 1813 to 1819. Died at Koxbury, Massachusetts, 
December 19 of the latter year, at the age of fifty- 
eight years. 

Rumsey, Benjamin ; was a Delegate from 
JIarvland to the Continental Congress from 1776 to 
1778". 

Rumsoy, David, Jr.; was born in New Y'ork; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1847 to 1851. 

Rumsey, Ed'warcl ; was born in Kentucky; was 
a Kepresentative in Congress from that State from 
1837 to 1839. 

Runk, John; was born in New .Tersey; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1841; was a Representative 
in Congre.ss from New Jersey from 1845 to 1847. 

Runnels, Harrison R.; was born in Mississippi; 
emigrated to Texas in 1841 ; served in the Legislature 
of the State and was Speaker of the House; in 1855 
was elected Lieutenant-Governor; in 1857 was elected 
(Governor of Texas. Died in Cowie County, Missis- 
sippi. 

Runnels, Hiram G.; was Governor of Mis .s- 
sippi from 1833 to 1835. 

Rush, Benjamin; was born at Bristol, Bucks 
County, Pennsylvania, December 24, 1745; waschiefl.v 
educated at Princeton College, New Jersey; studied 
medicine for six years, and then attended lectures at 
the Edinburgh University, in Scotland; practiced in 
the hospitals of London, and completed his studies 
in Paris; on his return he was at once appointed a 
Professor in a medical institution in Philadelphia; 
was an earnest advocate of the cause of liberty; wa.s 
a Delegate to the Continental Congress in 1776 and 
1777, and a signer of the Declaration of Independ- 
ence; was a member of the Convention called to ratify 
the Federal Constitution, and subsequently held the 
post of Cashier of the United States Mint; on retiring 
from political life, devoted his whole attention to his 
profession, and was a Professor in various important 
institutions; as a high officer, took an active part in 
the Society for the Abolition of Slavery, the Philadel- 
phia Bible Society, the Philadelphia Medical Society, 
and the American Philosophical .Society; among bis 
numerous writings were " Medical Inquiries and Ob- 
servations," and a "History of the Yellow Fever." 
Died April 19, 1813, and is remembered as one of the 
leading medical men of his time. He was the father 
of Richard Rush, for many years Minister to En.i;land 
and France, and also Secretary of the Treasury iinder 
President J. Q. Adams. 

Rush, Richard; was born in Phil.adelphia 
August 29, 1780; was the son of Benjamin Rush- 
graduated at Princeton College in 1797; studied law,' 
and came to the bar in 1800; in 1811 was made At- 
torney-General of the State; was soon afterwards ap- 
pointed, by President Madison, Comptroller of the 



B I O (i K A P H 1 C A L ANNALS. 



431 



Treasury; on July 4, 1812, by request, delivered an 
oration in the Capitol; in 1814 was appointed Attor- 
ney-General of the Uuit«l States, having declined 
the office of Secretary of the Treasury; for a few 
months performed the duties of Secretary of State, 
under President Monroe; in 1817 was appointed Min- 
ister to England, serving until 1825; was Secretary 
of the Treasury, under President J. Q. Adams; was 
candidate for Vice-President on the ticket with 
Adams; in 1847 was appointed, by President Polk, 
Minister to France, remaining in office ten years; in 
1S33 published "A Residence at the Court of St. 
James"; a Sequel to it in 1845; in 1857, "Familiar 
Letters of Washington "; in lS60a volume of "Occa- 
sional Productions ' ' was published ; took a leading 
part in securing the fund of the Smithsonian Institu- 
tion, and was a Regent of the same; published vari- 
ous papers ajid addresses on literary and political 
topics. Died in Philadelphia, July 30, 1859. 

Bust, Jeremiali M.; was born in Morgan Coun- 
ty, Uhin. .Inne 17. 1830; received a good education; 
removed to Wi^cunsin in 1853; held several county 
offices; wns a member of the Legislature in 1862; was 
commissioned Major of Wisconsin Volunteers in 1862; 
was soon afterward promoted; served with General 
Sherman from tiie siege of Vicksburg until mtistered 
out at the close of the war, and was brevetted Briga- 
dier-General for meritorious services at the battle ot 
Salkehatchie; was elected Bank Comptroller of Wis- 
consin in 1866, and re-elected for 1868; was elected a 
Representative from Wisconsin to the Forty-second, 
Forty-third, and Forty-fourth Congresses, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Invalid Pensions; was 
elected Governor of Wisconsin for the term of three 
years from .January, 18S2; was re-elected in 1S84. 

Rusk, Thomas J.; was born in South Carolina 
in 1803; studied law, and practiced with success in 
Georgia,; in the early part of 1835 removed to Texas, 
and was a jirominent actor in all the important 
events in the history of the Republic of the State of 
Texas; was a member of the Convention which de- 
clared Texas an independent Republic, in March. 
1836; was the first Secretary of War; participated in 
the battle of San Jacinto, and took command of the 
army after General Houston w.as wounded; continued 
in command of the army until the organization of 
the Constitutional Government in October. 1836. 
when he was again appointed Secretary of War; re- 
signed after a few months; afterwards commanded 
several exi)editions against the Indians; served as a 
member of the Hou.se of Representatives, and as 
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, which last office 
he resigned early in 1842; in 1845 was President of 
the Convention that consummated the annexatiim of 
Texas to the United States; upon the admission of 
Texas into the Union, in 1845, was elected one of the 
Senators in the Congress of the United States, in 
which office he served two terms, and was re-elected 
for the third term, ending in 1863; was Chairman of 
the Committee on the Post Office; took a deep inter- 
est in the wagon-road to the Pa<ific, and the Over- 
land .Mail; at the time of his death, which occurred 
in Nacogdoches, Te.xas. .July 29, 1856, was President 
pro trin. of the Senate; in a moment of iusanit}', 
caused by the overwhelming grief at the death of his 
wife, took his own life; aged fifty-four years. 

Russ, Jolm; was a native of Ipswich, Massa- 
chusetts; was a Representative in Congress from 
Connecticut from 1819 to 1823. Died at Hartford. 
Connecticut, June 2i. 1832, aged sixty-eight years. 

Russell, Daniel Lindsay ; was bom in Bruns- 
wick County, North Carolina. .Vugust 7,' 1845; was 



educated at the Bingham School and at the Chapel 
Hill University; studied law, and was admitted to 
jiractice in 1866; was elected a Representative in the 
State Legislature in 1864, and re-elected in 1865; 
was elected Judge of the Superior Courts for the 
Fourth .Judicial Circuit in 1868, and served six vearsj 
was a member of the State Constitutional Conven- 
tion of 1871; was again elected to the Legislature in 
IH76; was a Delegate to the Republican National 
Convention of that year; was elected a Representa- 
tive from North Carolina to the Forty -sixth Congress. 

Russell, David; was born in Massachusetts in 
1800; was a Representative in the New York Legis- 
lature in 1 ■' -it) and 1830, from Washington County; 
was United States District Attorney for Northern 
New York; was a Representative in Congress I'rom 
New York from 1835 to 1841, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Claims. Died at Salem. Washing- 
ton County, New York, November 24, 1861. 

Russell, James M.; was born at York, Pennsyl- 
vania, November 10, 1786; was a successful lawyer; 
was a Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania 
from 1841 to 1843. Died at Bedford, Pennsylvania, 
December 20, 1870. 

Russell, Jeremiah ; was born in New York; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1843 to 1845. 

Russell, John ; was a Representative in Congress 
from New York from 1805 to 1809. 

Russell, Jonathan; was born in Middlesex 
County, Mas.sachusctts; was appointed Minister Plen- 
ipotentiary to Sweden in 1814; was a Representative 
in Congress from Massachusetts from 1821 to 1823. 
Died February 16, 1832. 

Russell, Joseph ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1815 to 1847. and trom 
1851 to 1853. 

Russell, Samuel L.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1853 to 1855. 

Russell, Thomas ; was born in Massachusetts; 
in 1874 was appointed flora that State Jlinister Resi- 
dent to Venezuela, residing at Caracas. 

Russell, 'Williana; was born in Irrland; emi- 
grated to Ohio; was a Representative in Congress 
from that State from 1827 to 1833, and again from 
1841 to 1843. 

Russell, "William A.; was born at Wells L'iver, 
Vermont, .i.pril 22, 1831; received an academic edu- 
cation; engaged in the business of manufai'tiiriug 
paper, in 1852, at Exeter, New Hampshire; after- 
wards locited at Lawrence, Massachusetts, in the 
same business, and established p,aper mills in several 
other places; also engaged in :rgricnlture; w;is a Del- 
egate to the Republican N.ational Conventions of 
1868 and 1876; was a Representative in the State 
Legislature in 1869; was elected a Representative 
from Massachusetts to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh 
and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Russell, "William P.; was born in Saugerties, 
Ulster County, New York; was a mer(;liant for 
twenty years; was a member of the Legislature of 
New "fork in 1850, serving one term; was elected a 
Representative from New York in the Thirty-fifth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Indian Af- 
fairs. 



432 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALt>. 



Bust, Albert ; was bom in Virginia; removing 
to Arkansas, was a Representative in Congress from 
that State tiom 1855 to 1857, and again from 1859 to 
1861, serving on the Committee on Koads and Canals, 
and the Special Committee of Thirty-tliree on the Re- 
bellious States; took part in the Rebellion of 18(il, 
and was a Brigadier-General. 

Rutherford, Allan; was born in New Yorl; 
City, October 29, 18;i9; brought up in a mercantile 
house and studied law, coming to the bar in 18IJ0; 
served as a volunteer officer during the Rebellion, 
and became a Brigadier-General by brevet; settled in 
Wilmington, North Carolina; in 1866 was appointed 
a Captain in the Regular Army; resigned in 1870 to 
accept the office of Third Auditor of the United 
States Treasury, which office he resigned in January, 
1876. 

Rutherford, John ; was a native of New York 
City; was a nephew of William Alexander, Earl of 
Stirling; graduated at New Jersey College in 1776; 
was educated a lawyer; was a Senator of the United 
States from New .lersey from 1791 to 1798; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1798, 1813, and 1821; was the 
last survivor of the Senators in Congress during the 
a<l ministration of President Washingtm; early re- 
tired from public life, and being one of tlie largest 
landholders in New Jersey, was actively engaged in 
agricultural and internal improvements. i>ied at 
Ederston, New Jersey, February 23, 1840, in the 
eightieth year of his age. 

Rutherford, John; was a native of Virginia; 
was Governor of that State in 1841 and 1842. 

Rutherford, Robert ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Virginia IVom 1793 to 1797. 

Rutledge, Ed'ward ; was born in Charleston, 
South Carolina, in November, 1749; received a good 
education; studied law at the Temple, in London, 
England; was a Delegate to the Continental Congress 
from 1774 to 1777, and signed the Declaration of In- 
dependence; took part in military aft'airs, and was 
taken prisoner at Charleston, remaining in confine- 
ment nearly a year; subseijuently served in the State 
Assembly; in 1798 was elected Governor of South 
C^arolina, holding the office until his deatli, which oc- 
curred January 23, 1800. He had an enviable repu- 
tation, both as an orator and a patriot. 

>/ Rutledge, John; was born in Ireland in 1739; 
emigrated to South ('arolinn; studied law in England: 
returning to South Carolina in 1761, took an acti\e 
part in the Revolutionary cause, and was a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress; in 1776 was appointed 
President of South (_'arolina, and Commander-in- 
Chief of that Colony, having also been a member of 
the Convention of 1774; was Governor of the State 
in 1779; was Chancellor of the State in 1784; was a 
member of the Ccmventiori to frame the Constitution 
of the United States, and signed that instrument; 
was a Representative in Coiigicss I'rom 1797 to 1803; 
after having been Judge of the Court of Chancery, 
Chief Justice of South Carolina, and Judge of the 
Supreme Court of (he United States, was finally pro- 
moted to the position of Chief Justice, but was not 
confirmed by the Senate. Died in July, 1800. 

Ryall, D. D.; was born in Trenton, New Jersey; 
adopted the profession of the law; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from New Jersey iiom 18;!9 to 1841. 

Ryan, Thomas ; was born at Oxford, New York, 
November 25, 18:n; was reared in Bradford County, 
Pennsylvania; received an academic education; 



adopted the profession of the law; entered the Union- 
Army in 1862 and was mustered out iis a Captain in 
1864, having been incapacitated for duty by wounds 
received in battle; in 1865 removed to Kansas and 
settled in Topeka; was County Attorney for eight 
years; was Assistant United States .attorney from 

1873 to 1877; was elected a Representative from Kan- 
sas to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, 
Porty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Ryerson, Martin ; was born in New .lersey in 
1815; received a liberal education and adopted the 
Ijrofession of the law. in which he was eminently suc- 
cessful; was, for a time. Associate Justice of the Su- 
preme Court of New Jersey; in 1874 was appointed 
one of the .ludges of the Court organized in Wash- 
ington lor the purpose of adjudicating the Alabama 
(Jlaims; participated to some extent in the political 
aftairs of his time, and was noted for his high charac- 
ter and benevolence; ill-health caused him to resign 
his last public position, and he died at his residence 
in Newton, New Jersey, in June, 1875. He was re- 
markable for his strict business habits, and a few 
hours belbre his death made a calculation as to the 
cost of liis funeral, and signed a check for the amount 
required, giving as a reason that he did not want his 
executors to be troubled about the matter while set- 
tling his estate. 

Ryon, John W.; was born in Tioga County, 
Pennsylvania, March 4, 1825; received an academic 
education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 
1847 and commenced practice; was District Attorney 
of his native county from 1850 to 1856; was elected 
a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Forty- 
sixtli Congress. 

Sabin, Alvah ; was bom at Georgia, Vermont, 
October 23, 1793; was educated for the ministry; 
served ten years in the State Legislature; was Secre- 
tary of State for Vermont in 1841 ; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from that State from 1853 to 1857. 

Sabin, Chauncey BreTver; was born at 
Oueouta, Otsego County, New York, August 6, 1824; 
received a liberal education, completing hi.s college 
comse in 1840; read law; was admitted to the bar, 
at Albany, New York, in January, 1846, and en- 
gaged in practice there; in December, 1847, removed 
to Houston, Texas, where he practiced liis profession; 
he remained a steadfast Unionist during the War of 
the Rebellion, and, in 1863, was compelled to seek 
safety in flight, his native State being his refuge; 
after the close of the war, in 1865, he returned to 
Houston and resumed the practice of law; in 1867 
was appointed .ludge of the Third Judicial Dtstrict 
of Texas, and was the first .ludge to empanel colored 
jurors; he held this office until the Fall of 1868; in 
1871 removed to Galveston, Texas; was .Judge of the 
District Court in 1871-72; in the Spring of 1872 was 
appointed City Attorney of Galveston; in 1873 was 
elected a Representative in the State Legislature; in 

1874 was appointed, by President Grant, Postmaster 
at Galveston, which office he held until March 31, 
1^63; on April 5, 1884, was appointed, by President 
Arthur. United States District .ludge for the Eastern 
District of Texas. 

Sabin, jD-wig-ht M.; was born in LaSalle County, 
Illinois, April 25, 1844; was reared on a farm, at- 
tending the District School in Winter; in 1857 re- 
moved, with his parents, to ('onnecticut; attended 
Phillips' Academy for a time; served in the Union 
Army as Aid on" the StalV of Dr. Hard, Ciiief Med- 
ical Officer of Pleasanton's Corps, for a few months, 
in 1863, but failing health compelled him to resign; 
in October of that j'ear' became a Clerk in the office 



BIOOKAPHIOAL ANNALS. 



433 



of the Third Auditor, at Washington City; resigned 
in 1864 and engaged in farming, and the lumber 
business in Connecticut; removed to Minnesota in 
18(>8, engaging in lumbering and mamil'acturing, in 
■which he was very successful; in 1870 was elected a 
State Senator, and was re-elected in ISTI; served 
several terms as a Representative in the State Legis- 
lature; became President of several large manufac- 
turing companies; was elected a United States Sena- 
tor from Minnesota for six years from March 4, 
1883. 

Sabin, George M.; was born in Cuyahoga 
County, Ohio, September IS, 1835; was educated at 
Western Reserve College, Ohio, gi-aduating therefrom 
in ]8.5(); removed to Wisconsin; studied law; was 
admitted (o the bar in 1858, and engaged in practice; 
at the breaking out of the Rebellion enlisted in the 
Rrst Wisconsin Regiment, and served throughout 
the war; removed to Nevada in 1868, and practiced 
law; in 1882 was appointed United States District 
Judge for the District of Nevada, residing at Carson 
City. 

Sabine, Lorenzo ; was born at Lisbon, New 
Hampshire, February 28, 1803; was entirely sclf-ed- 
Bfatod; was bred a merchant; was for many years 
a bank officer; was for some time Secretary of the 
Bo.stoD Board of Trade; was three times elected to 
the Legislature of Maine from Eastport; was atone 
time Deputy Collector of the Port of I'assamaquoddy : 
held, in Massachusetts, the position of Confidential 
Agent of the Treasury Department; was a Repre- 
sentative Irom Massachusetts to the Thirty-second 
Congress; devoted much of his time to literary pur- 
suits, and was the author of a " Life of Commodore 
Preble," "The American Loyali-sts," "Report on 
the American Fisheries," and "Notes on Duels and 
Duelling " ; was also a contributor to the Nortit Amer- 
ican Review and other leading periodicals; the degree 
of A.M. was conferred upon him by Bowdoin aud 
Harvard Colleges. 

Sadler, Thomas William ; was born near Rus- 
sellville, Franklin County, Alabama, April 17, 1831; 
removed, with his parents, to Jetferson County, Ala- 
bama, in 1833; received an academic education; re- 
moved to Antauga County, Alabama, in 1855; en- 
gaged in mercantile pursuits until the beginning of 
the Civil War; volunteered and served in the division 
of the Confederate Army commanded by General 
Joseph Wheeler; after the close of the war engaged 
in agricultural pursuits and the practice of law; was 
County Superintendent of Education from 1875 to 
l."84; was a Presidential Elector in 1880; in 1884 was 
elected a Representative from Alabama to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Sackett, "William A.; was born in New York; 
wa.s a Representative in Congress from that State 
froiu 1849 to 18.')3, and was a member of the Com- 
mittee on Revolutionary Pensions. , 

Sage, Ebenezer ; graduated at Yale College in 
1778; was a Representative in Congress from New 
York from I8U!) to 1815, and again from 1819 to 1820. 
Died in 1834. 

Sage, George R.; was born at Erie, Pennsyl- 
Tania, August 24, 1828; removed to Ohio in 1835; 
graduated from Granville College, Ohio, in ls49, and 
from the Cincinnati Law School in 1852; practiced 
law at Cincinn:\ti from 1852 to 18.58 as a member of 
the law firm of King, Anderson & Sage, and after- 
wards of Corwin & Sage; removed to Lebanon, Ohio, 
in 185R. and practiced law there until 1865, holding 

28 



the office of Prosecuting Attorney three terms; re- 
turned to Cincinnati in January, 18G5, aud practiced 
law in the firm of Sage & Hinkle until appointed, in 
March, 1883, United States District Judge for the 
Southern District of Ohio. 

Sage, Russell; was born in Oneida County, 
New York, August 4, 1816; received a common 
school education; commenced active life as a clerk in 
a store at Troy, New York, and until 1853 w;i3 
wholly devoted to mercantile pursuits; in 1841 was 
elected an Alderman of the city of Troy, and by an- 
nual re-elections, served seven years in that capacity; 
was Treasurer of Rensselaer County for seven years, 
in which office he was especially popular; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from New York from 1853 to 
18,57, serving on the Committees on Invalid Pensions 
and on Ways and Means. He was the first man who 
advocated, on the floor of Congi-ess, the purchase of 
Mount Vernon by the General Grovernmcnt. 

Safford, A. P. K.; was Governor of the Terri- 
tory of Arizona from 1870 to 1878. 

Sailly, Peter; was born in Loraine, France; 
first came to the United States in 1783, and settled 
in Clinton County, New York; having been well edu- 
cated, and possessing a decided talent for business, 
aeiiuired considerable influence, and held several 
offices of public trust in his adopted State; was a 
Representative in Congress from New York from 1805 
to 1807; on his retirement from that position, was 
appointed, by President Jefferson, Collector of Cus- 
toms for the District of Champlain, holding the office 
until his death, which occurred at I'ittsburgli, in 
1826. 

Saltonstall, Leverett ; was Imrn in Massachu- 
setts, in 1781; graduated at Harvard College in 1802; 
commenced the practice of law in Salem, Massachu- 
setts in 1805, and was distinguished as a lawyer; 
was a State Senator in 1831; was Mayor of Salem 
from 1836 to 1838; was a Presidential Elector in 
1837; frequently served in the State Legislature; was 
a Representative in CoCgress from 1838 to 1843; was 
also an active member of the Americ-ui .\cademy of 
Arts and Sciences, and of the Massachusetts His- 
torical Society, and the degree of Doctor of Laws 
was conferred upon him by Harvard College, to 
which institution he left a legacy; made a bequest of 
valuable books to Phillips' Academy, at Exeter, 
where he commenced his education. Died at Salem, 
Massachusetts, Jlay 8, 1845. 

Samford, William J.; was born at Greenville, 
Georgia, September 16, 1644; in early childhood re- 
moved to Alabama; received a limited education; 
left the University of Georgia at the age of seventeen 
to enter the Confederate Army as a private, aud rose 
to the rank of Captain; studied law, and commenced 
to practice in 1871 ; was a Delegate to the State Con- 
stitutional Convention of 187^; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1876; w;is elected a Representative from 
Alabama to the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Sammons, Thomas; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1803 to 1807, and 
again from 1809 to 1813. 

Sample, Samuel C.; was bom in Maryland; 
was a Representative in Congress from Indiana from 
1843 to 1845. 

Sampson, Ezekiel S. ; was born in Huron County, 
Ohio, December 6, 1831 ; received his early education 
at public schools; later at Howe's Academy, Iowa, 
aud at Knox College, Illinois; studied law, and began 
to practice at Sigourney, Iowa, in 1856; was Prose- 



434 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANKALS. 



cuting Attorney in 1856, 1857, and 1858; was Cap- 
tain in the Fifth Iowa Infantry in 1861 and 1862, 
and Lieutenant-Colonel in 1863 and 1864; was a 
State Senator in 1866; was Judge of the Sixth Judi- 
cial District of Iowa from January, 1867, to January, 
1875; was elected a Representative from Iowa to the 
Forty -fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty- 
fifth Congress. 

Sampson, Zabdiel ; was horu in Plympton, 
Massachusetts; graduated at Brown University in 
1803; adopted the profession of the law; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from his native State from 
1817 to 1819; in 1820 was appointed Collector of 
Customs at Plymouth, where he died, while in office, 
July 19, 1828. 

Samuel, Green B.; was born in Virginia iu 
1794; was elected a Representative in Congress from 
1838 to 1841; was. for eleven years, Judge of the Su- 
preme Court of A})peals. Died at Richmond, Janu- 
ary 5, 1859, aged sixty-five years. 

Sandford, Jobn; was a native of New York; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1841 to 1S43; was a member of the New York 
Senate, in the extra session of 1851. Died in Am- 
sterdam, Montgomery County, New .York, October, 
18.57. 

Sandford, Jonah ; w.aa a member of the New 
York Assembly in 1827 and 1830, from the county of 
St. Lawrence; was a Representativein Congress from 
1830 to 1831. 

Sandford, Thomas ; was bom in "Westmore- 
land County, Virginia, in 1762; removed to Kentucky 
in 1792, and settled at Covington; was a member of 
the State Constitntional Convention of 1799; was sev- 
eral times a memlier of the Legislature; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1803 to 1807; was 
drowned in the Ohio River, December 10, 1808. 

Sandidge, John M. ; was bom in Franklin 
County, Georgia, January 7, 1817; was a planter by 
occupation; served as a member of the Legislature of 
Louisiana from 1846 to 1855; in 1852 was a member 
of the Convention that framed the present Constitu- 
tion of that State; was Speaker of the House in the 
Louisiana Legislature in 1854 and 1855; was elected 
a Representative from Louisiana to the Thirty-fourth 
and Thirty-fifth Congresses, and was Chairman of 
the Committee on Private Land Claims. 

Sands, Joshua ; was bom in Qagens County, 
New York, in 1758; during the war of 1775 was a 
member of the Brooklyn Home Guards; in 1797 was 
appointed, by President Adams, Collector of Cus- 
toms for the port of New York; was at one time a 
Magistrate in Kings County; also took an active 
part, with two brothers, in the Revolutionary "War 
to its close; was a member- of the New York Senate 
from Kings County fiom 1792 to 1799; was a Represents 
ative in Congress from 1803 to 1804, and again from 
1825 to 1827. Died in his native county, September 
13, 1835. He was the father of Commodore Sands. 

Sanford, Henry S.; in 1849 was appointed Sec- 
retary of Legation to France; from 1861 to 1869 was 
Minister Resident to Belgium. 

Sanford, James T.; was born in Virginia; was 
liberally educated ; removed to Tennessee at an early 
day; was a Representative in Congress from Tennes- 
.•^ee from 1823 to 1825 ; having acquired a large 
property in the pursuits of agriculture, he appro- 



priated a part of his wealth to the establishment of 
"Jackson College," where many prominent men 
have been educated. Died many years ago. 

Sanford, Jonah; was born in Cornwall, Ver- 
mont, in 1789; removed to Hopkinton, New York, in 
1811; in 1829 and 1830 represented his county in the 
State Legislature; was a Representative in Congress 
for the unexpired term of Silas Wright, from De- 
cember, 1830, to March, 1831; was one of the Asso- 
ciate Judges of the Court of Common Pleas; on the 
breaking out of the Rebellion exerted himself to 
raise a regiment of troops, in which he succeeded, 
and then turned it over to the command of another. 
Died in Hopkinton, December 25, 1867. 

Sanford, Nathan ; was born at Bridgehampton, 
Long Island, November 5, 1779; was admitted to the 
bar in 1799; was United States Commissioner of 
Bankruptcy for New York in 1802; was United States 
District Attorney for New York from 1803 to 1816; 
was Speaker of the Assembly in 1811 ; was afterwards 
State Senator; was a member of the State Constitu- 
tional Convention inl821; wasa United States Senator 
from 1815 to 1821, and again from 1825 to 1831 ; was 
Chancellor of New York from 1823 to 1825. Died at 
Bridgehampton, October, 1838. 

Sanford, Stephen ; was bora in Montgomery 
County, New York, May 26, 1826; was educated at 
the Georgetown (District of Columbia) College and 
the Poughkeepsie Institute; was a carpet manufac- 
turer; was elected a Representative from New York 
to the Forty-first Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Manufactures and Patents. 

Sapp, "William Fletcher; was born at Dan- 
ville, Ohio, November 20, 1824; received a common 
school and academic education; studied. law; w;i8 
admitted to the bar in 1850, and began to practice 
at Mount Vernon, Ohio; was elected Prosecuting 
Attorney in 1854, and again in 1856; in 1860 re- 
moved to Nebraska; in 1861 was appointed Adjutant- 
General of Nebraska Territory, and subsequently 
elected to the Territorial Legislature; served in the 
Union Army as Lieutenant-Colonel; removed to 
Iowa; was a State Representative in 1865; United 
States District Attorney from 1869 to 1873; was 
elected a Representative from Iowa to the Forty- 
fifth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-sixth 
Congress. 

Sapp, "William R.; was born in Ohio; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1853 
to 1857. 

Sargeant, Nathaniel Peaslee; was born at 
Methuen, Massachusetts, November 2, 1731; gradu- 
ated at Harvard University in 1750; studied law, 
and practiced in Haverhill; was elected a Delegate 
to the Provincial Congress in 1775; was a Repre- 
sentative in the Legislature in 1776; was Judge of 
the Supreme Court of the State; became Chief Jus- 
tice in 1789. Died at Haverhill, Massachusetts, 
in October, 1791. 

Sargent, Aaron A.; was born at Newbnryport, 
Massachusetts, September 28, 1827; early acquired a-, 
knowledge of the printing business; emigrated to ■ 
California in 1849; studied law, and came to the bar 
in 1854; in 1861 was elected a Representative from 
California to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving as 
a member of the Select Committee on the Pacific Rail- 
road, to which enterprise he w.as particularly devoted; 
was re-elected to the Forty-first and Forty-Second 
Congresses; was elected a Senator in Congress for tha 



muGKAi^HICAL ANNALS. 



■i:!5 



term commeui'ins i" H'i! aud ending in 1879, serv- 
ing on the Committei-s on Naval Affairs, Mines and 
Mining, and Ajipropriations; March 2, 1882, was 
appointed, by President Garfield, United States Min- 
ister to Germany. ^Jcdv*: Om^i^P /H/ / Bky. 

Sargent, Nathan ; was born in Puthey, Ver- 
mont, May 5, l'!M; received a good education; 
studied law. and in his twenty-tliird year removed 
to Cahawba. Alabama, where he was a Judge of the 
Co-inty and I'roliate Courts; between the years ly2(j 
and 1830 resided in Bufl'alo, New Vork; in the latter 
year went to I'liiladelphia and established a Whig 
ne^vspaper; sulisequenlly became the Washington 
correspon<lent of the United States Gazette, of Phila- 
delphia, and 'by the assumed name of Oliver Old- 
school, became (juitc famous; in 1849 was elected 
Sergeant-at-Avms of the House of Kepresentatives in 
Washington; was Register of the Treasury from 18.11 
to 1853; in 1861 was appointed Commissioner of 
Customs, and held the position until 1871. Avhen he 
resigned. Died in Wiushington, February 2, 1875. 
At the time of his death he was President of the 
Washington Reform School, and his last literary 
labor was the preparation of a work entitled " Pub- 
lic Men and Events," which came from the press, in 
two volumes, only a few days before his death. He 
made a decided mark in his time as a journalist, an 
executive oflBcer, and a man of high character. 

Sarg-ent, Winthrop ; was born at Gloucester, 
Sla-ssaohusetts, Jlaj' 1, 17.');i; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1771; in 1775 was Captain of one of 
his father's ships; entered the .\rmy in that year; 
was appointed Navy Agent at Gloucester in 177(); 
was Captain and Lieutenant of Knox's Regiment of 
Artillery in 177(j, and took part in the siege of Bos- 
ron, and the battles of Long Island, White Plains, 
Trenton, Princeton, Brandywine, Gormantown, 
Monmouth, etc., attaining the rank of M.ijor, .serv- 
ing during the entire war; became connected with 
the Ohio Companj', and in 1786 was appointed, by 
Congress, Surveyor of the Northwest Territory; be- 
came its Secretary in 1787; was Governor of the 
Territory of Mississippi from 1798 to 18IJ1 ; was 
Adjutant-General of St. Clair's army in the un- 
fortunate e.xpedition against the Indians, in 1791, 
and was wounded; was Adjutant-General and In- 
spector in Wayne's Campaign in 1794 and 1795; was a 
member of the Academy of Arts and Sciences, and 
of the Philosophical Society; he published "Boston, 
a Poem," in 1SU3. Died ou a voyage from Natchez 
to Philadelphia, June 3, 1820. His grandson, bear- 
ing the same name, was noted as an author. 

Saulsbury, Eli ; was born in Kent County. 
Delaware. December 29, 1817; was educated at Di<-k- 
inson College; studied and practiced law; was a 
member of theState Legislatureof Delaware in 18.">:i 
and 1854; was elected a Senator in (.'ongress in lS71j 
for the term ending in 1877, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Pensions, Privileges and F.lections, Printing, 
and Post Offices and Po.st Roads; was re-elected in 
1877, and again in 1883. 

Satilsbury, Gove; was born in Delaware; was 
"elected Governor of that State in 1865, remaining in 
..office until 1871; was a brother of Senator Eli. Sauls- 
bury. 

Saulsbury, Willard ; was born in Kent Coun- 
ty, Delaware, June 2, 1820; was educated at Dela- 
ware College and also at Dickinson College; studied 
iaw, and was admitted to the bar in 18-15; in 1850 
wa.s appointed Attorney-General of Delaware, hold- 
ing the ofBce five years; in 1859 was elected a Senator 



in Congress for the term ending in 1865, serving on 
the Committees on Commerce, Pensions, and I'atents 
and the Patent Office; was a Delegate to the "Chi- 
cago Convention" of 1864; was re-elected to the 
Senate for the term ending in 1871, serving on the 
Committee on Mines and Mining. 

Saunders, Alvin ; was born in Fleming County, 

Kentucky, .Inly 12, 1817; received an academic edu- 
(■ ttion; removed to Iowa in 18oii; was Postmaster at 
Mount Pleasant. Iowa, for seven years; studied law 
but never practiced; engaged in mercantile pursuits, 
and in banking; was a member of the Convention 
called to frame the first Constitution of Iowa; was a 
State Senator for eight years; was a Delegate to the 
h'epublican National Conventions of 1860 and IRilH; 
was one of the Commissioners appointed by Congre-ss 
to organize the Pacific Railroad Company; was Gov- 
ernor of the Territory of Nebraska from 1861 until 
it was admitted as a State in 1807; was elected a 
United Stales Senator from Nebraska for the term 
of six years from March 4, 1877. 

Saunders, Romulus M.; was born in Caswell 
County, North Carolina. March. 1791; received an 
academic educaticm. and spent two years in the 
University of that State; studied law in Tennessee, 
and was admitted to practice there in 1812; returned 
to North Carolina; was in th<' I louse of Commons from 
1815 to 1820, and for two years Speaker of the House; 
was a Representative in Congress from North Caro- 
lina from 1821 to 1827, and from 1841 to 1845; in 
1S28 was .'\.tt<u-npy-General of the State; in 1833 was 
President of the Hoard of Commissioners to settle 
the claims of American citizens under the treaty of 
July 4, 18:il, with France; in 1835 was elected a 
.lud'ge of the State Supreme Court; in 1846 was ap- 
pointed, by President Polk, Minister to Spain, where 
he remained four years; on his return was again elected 
to the Legislature of North Carolina; afterwards ile- 
viticd much attention to the railroad improvements 
of the State. Died in Raleigh, April 21, 1867. 

Savage, John; was a member of the New York 
Assembly in 1814; from 1815 to 1819 was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from that State; subsequently 
held the positions of District Attorney, Comptroller 
of the State, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of 
New York, and Treasurer of the United States for 
New York; was a Presidential Elector in 1845. Died 
in Utica, October 19, 1863, aged eighty-four years. 

Savage, John H.; was a native of Warren 
fJoiinty, Tennessee; during his minority volunteered 
as a private soldier, under General Gaines, to defend 
the Texan frontier; also served during a campaign in 
Florida; afterwards studied law; commenced jirac- 
tice. in 1837, at Smithville, Tennessee; was elected 
Colonel of the Tenne.ssee Militia; was elected, by the 
Legislature, Attorney-General of the Fourth District 
of his State, in 1841, and held the office until 1847; 
during that year received, from President Polk, the 
appointment of Major in the Fourteenth Regiment 
United States Infantry, and, joining the American 
Army in Mexico, was present at the battles of Con- 
treras, Cherubusco, and Molina del Rey, and was 
wounded at Chapultepec; was promoted to the rank 
of Lieutenant-Colonel, and as such had command of 
his regiment, after the death of Colonel Graham, 
until the close of the war; on returning to Tennessee, 
resumed the practice of his profession; was elected a 
Representative in Congress in 1849; w.as re-elected in 
1851; declined being a candidate in 1853; was again 
elected to Congress in 1855 and 1857; was a member 
of the Committee on Military AlTairs. 



436 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Savage, John S.; was born in Clermont County, 
Ohio, October 30, 1841; received a common school 
education; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 
Clinton County, Ohio, in 1865; never held any pub- 
lic office until elected a Representative from Ohio to 
the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Sawtelle, CuUen ; was bom in Norridgewock, 
Maine; graduated from 'Eowdoin College in 1825; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1821); 
served eight vears as Register of Probate; was a State 
Senator during the years 1843 and 1844; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Maine from 1845 to 1847, 
and again from 1841) to 1851. 

Sawyer, Frederick A.; was born in Bolton, Wor- 
cester County, Ma.ssachusetts, December 12, 1822; 
■while yet a boy. acted as a clerk, and taught school for 
several winters; graduated at Harvard College in 
1844; was a teaclier at Gardiner and Wiscasset, in 
the State of Maine, for seven years; Iroiu 1851 to 
1859, continued the profession of teaching at Lowell, 
South Reading, and Boston, in Massachusetts, and at 
Nashua, in New Hampshire; in 1859 went to Charles- 
ton, South Carolina, and had charge of the Normal 
School there until 1861, when, as a loyal man, he 
and his family were permitted to return to New En- 
gland; returned to Charleston in 18fi5, and was made 
Collector of Internal Revenue; was elected to the 
State Constitutional Convention, under the Acts of 
Reconstruction, but was compelled to decline; was 
elected a Senator in Congress from South Carolina, 
for the term ending in 1873, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Private Land Claims, Education, Pensions, 
and Appropriations; was subseqtiently appointed As- 
sistant Secretary of the Treasury. 

Sa'wyer, John Gilbert ; was born at Brandon. 
Vermont, June 5, 1825; was educated at the com- 
mon schools and at Millville Academy; studied law: 
was admitted to the bar, and entered upon the prac- 
tice of law; settled at Albion, Vermont; wa.s a Jus- 
tice of the Peace from January, 1852, to April, 1858; 
was District Attorney of Orleans County, Vermont, 
from January 1, 1863, to January 1, 1866; was .fudge 
and Surrogate of Orleans County from January 1, 
1868, to .lanuary 1, 1884; in the latter year, was 
elected a Representative from Vermont to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Sa'wyer, Lemuel ; was born in Camden County, 
North Carolina, in 1777; was educated at Flatbush, 
New York; studied law; was in the State Legislature 
in 1801 ; voted in the Electoral College for Thomas 
Jeflerson in 1804; was elected a Representative from 
North Carolina to Congress in 1807, serving until 
1813; subseiiuently served in the same capacity from 
1817 to 1H23, and 'from 1825 to 1829: about the year 
1850 removed to Washington, and held a clerkship in 
one of the departments; published a Life of John 
Randolph. 

Sawyer, Lorenzo ; was born in Le Roy, Jeffer- 
son County, New York. May 23, 1820; while obtain- 
ing the rudiments of his education worked upon a 
farm; in his sixteenth year, went with his father to 
Pennsylvania ; subsequently went to Ohio, and 
finislied his education at the Western Reserve Col- 
lege; studied law, and came to the bar in 1846; re- 
moved to Illinois; thence to Wisconsin; in 1850 went 
to Calif >rnia; worked for a time in the mines; set- 
tled in the practice of his profession at Sacramento; 
soon afterwards went to Nevada, where he remained 
until 1853; settled permanently in San Francisco; in 
1854 was elected Attorney for the city; was after- 
wards appointed Judge of the District Court for the 



State; in 1863 was elected one of the Justices of the 
Supreme Court of the State; was Chief Justice from 
1868 to 1870; in the latter year was commissioned 
United States Circuit Judge for the Ninth Circuit, re- 
siding in San Francisco, California. 

Sawyer, Philetus ; was born at Whiting, Ad- 
dison County, Vermont, September 22, 1816; re- 
ceived a good common school and business education; 
removed to Wisconsin and devoted himself to the 
lumber trade; was elected to the Legislature of Wis- 
consin in 1857 and 1861; in 1863 was elected Mayor 
of Oshkosh, and re-elected in 1864; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Wisconsin to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Manulactures, 
and on Invalid Pensions; was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia ''Loyalists' Convention" of 1866; was 
re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Commerce and Southern Railroads; 
was also re-elected to the three succeeding Con- 
gresses, serving as Chairman of the Committee on the 
Pacific Railroad and as a member of various other 
Committees; declined a re-election; was elected a 
United States Senator from Wisconsin for the term of 
six years, from March 4. 1881. 

Sa'wyer, Samuel L.; was born at Mount Ver- 
non, New Hampshire. November 27, 1813; gradu- 
ated at Dartmouth College in 1833; was admitted to 
the bar at Amherst. New Hampshire, in 1836; re- 
moved to Missouri in 1838; was elected Circuit At- 
torney in 1848, and re-elected in 1852; was a Dele- 
gate to the State Constitutional Convention of 1861, 
and to the National Democratic Convention of 1868; 
was elected a Circuit Judge in 1871, and re-elected in 
1874; was elected a Representative from Missouri to 
the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Sawyer, S. T.; was bom in North Carolina; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1837 to 1839; was appointed, by President Pierce, 
Collector of Customs at Norfolk, Virginia; was sub- 
sequently editor of the Norfolk Argus. Died in New 
Jersey, November 29, 1865, aged sixty-five years. 

Sawyer, 'Williani; was born in Ohio; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1845 
to 1849. 

Say, Benjamin ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1803 to 1809, for the 
unexpired term of Joseph Clay. 

Sayers, Joseph D.; was born at Grenada, Mis- 
sissippi, September 23, 1841 ; removed, with his par- 
ents, to Texas in 1851 ; was educated at the Bastrop 
Military Institute, at Bastrop, Texas; in 1861 en- 
listed in Fifth Regiment of Texas Volunteers for ser- 
vice in the Confederate Army; was, soon afterwards, 
appointed Adjutant of the Regiment; for gallantry 
on the field of battle, was promoted Captain and as- 
signed to the command of the Val Verde Battery; in 
April, 1863, was severely wounded ; was afterwards 
promoted to a Majority, and assigned to duty as 
Chief of Staff' of Green's Cavalry Corps; was again 
severely wounded at the battle of Mansfield, Louis- 
i.ana, in 1864: in the fall of 1864 was assigned to 
duty as Chief of Artillery for the Department of 
Alabama, Mississippi, and East Louisiana; after the 
close of the war, returned to Bastrop, Texas; taught 
school and studied law ; was admitted to the bar and 
entered upon the practice of law at Bastrop; in 1872 
was elected a State Senator; in 1875 was Grand Mas- 
ter of Masons for the State of Texas; in 1876, 1877, 
and 1878 was Chairman of the Democratic State Ex- 
ecutive Committee; in the latter year was elected 



BIOGKAPUICAL ANNALS. 



4!7 



Lieutenaut-Governor of Texas; in 1883 was elected 
President of the Live-Stock Association of Texas; in 
1884 was elected a Representative from Texas to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Sayler, Henry B.; was born in Montgomery 
County, Uliio, March 31, 18:J6; removed to Clinton 
County, Indiana, in 1836; received a common school 
education; studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1859; enlisted in the array as Lieutenant; was pro- 
moted to Major of the One Hundred and Eighteenth 
Indiana Infantry; held no public office until elected 
a Representative from Indiana to the Forty-third 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Weights and 
Measures. 

Sayler, Milton ; was bom in Lewisburg, Preble 
Connty, Ohio, November 4, 1831; graduatedat Miami 
University in 1852, and at the Cincinnati Law 
School; practiced law; was a member of the State 
Legislature in 1862 and 1863, and of the City Coun- 
cils in 1864 and 1865; was elected a Representative 
from Ohio to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Con- 
gresses, serving on the Committees on Revision of 
Laws and Private Land Claims; in December, 1875, 
was appointed Chairman of the Committee on Pub- 
lic Lands; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Scales, Alfred M., Jr.; was born in Rocking- 
ham County, North Carolina, November 26, 1827; 
was chiefly educated at the Chapel-Hill University; 
adopted the profession of the law; was admitted to 
the bar in 1851 ; was elected to the Legislature ol' 
North Carolina in 1852 and 185K; in 1857 was elected 
a Representative from his native State to the Thirty- 
fifth Congress, and was a member of the Committee 
on the District of Columbia; was a Pi-esidential 
Elector in 1861; was elected to the Forty-fourth Con- 
gress; in December, 1875, was appointed Chairman 
of the Committee on Indian Affairs; was re-elected 
to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and 
Forty-eighth Congresses; in 1884 was elected Gov- 
ernor of North Carolina for four years. 

Scammon, John F.; was born in Saco, Maine, 
October 24, 1786; was bred a merchant; served in 
the Massachusetts Legislature, as a Representative, 
during 1817, and in the Maine Legislature in 1820 
and 1821; was Collector of Customs at Saco from 1829 
to 1841 ; was Secretary of an insurance company from 
1841 to 1845, and Treasurer of asavings bank from 1843 
to 1845; was a Representative in Congress from 
Maine from 1845 to 1847 ; was a State Senator in 18-"i5. 
Died May 23, 1858. 

Schell,, Richard; was elected a Representative 
from New York to the I'orty-third Congress, to fill 
the vacancy caused by the death of David B. Mellish, 
serving on the Committee on the Census. 

Schenck, Abraham H.; was born in 1777; 
was a member of the New York Assembly in 1801. 
1805, and 1806; was a Representative in Congress 
from that State from 1815 to 1817; was among the 
first who engaged in the manufacture of cotton under 
the non-intercourse laws. Died in 1831. 

Schenck, Ferdinand S.; was born in Middle- 
Bex County, New .Tersey, February 11, 1790; received 
a common school educjition; having studied medi- 
cine, was, for many yeai-s. devoted to its practice; 
in 1829 was electedto the State Legislature, and was 
re-elected in 1830 and 1831; was a Representative in 
Congress from New .Jersey from 1833 to 1837; in 
1844 was a member of the Conventiou to revise the 
State Constitution; was sooi afterwards elected a 



Judge of the Court of Errors and Appeals, which po- 
sition he held for eight years. Died atCamden, New 
Jersey, May 17, 1860. 

Schenck, Robert O.; was born in Franklin, 
Warren County, Ohio, October 4, 1809; graduated at 
Jliami University in 1827, where he remained one or 
two years as a tutor; studied law; was admitted to 
the bar in 1831, and settled in Dayton; in 1840 was 
elected a Representative to the Ohio Legislature; 
was re-elected in 1842; ivas a Representative in Con- 
gress from his native State from 1843 to 1851, serv- 
ing on many committees; during the Thirtieth 
Congress was'Chairmau of the Committee on Roads 
and Canals; on his retirement I'rom Congress was ap- 
pointed, by President Fillmore, Minister to Brazil, 
and during his residence in South America took part 
in negotiating a number of treaties; on his return, in 
1853, became extensively engaged in the railway 
business; in 1861 served as a Brigadier and Major- 
General in the Union Army; in 1862 was elected to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Military Afiairs; was re-elected to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress; in 1865 was appointed, 
by President Johnson, a member of the Board of 
Visitorstothe West Point Academy, and was President 
of the Board; served on the Committee on the Death 
of President Lincoln, and again at the head of the 
Committee on Military Affairs; was a member of the 
National Committee appointed to accompany the re- 
mains of President Lincoln to Illinois; also of the 
Committee on Retrenchment; was one of the Repre- 
sentatives designated by the House to attend the 
funeral of General Scott in 1866; was also a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 
1866, and to the ''.Soldiers' Convention" held at 
Pittsburgh ; was re-elected to the Fortieth and Forty- 
first Congresses, serving as Chairman of the Commit- 
tee onOriliuance, and at the head of the Committee 
on Ways -a, id Means; in 1870 was appointed Minister 
to Englan<l; on his return to the United States, set- 
tled in Washington City in the practice of his pro- 
fession. 

Schermerhorn, Abraham M.; was a Repre- 
si'utative in Congress from Now York from 1849 
to 1853. Died in Rochester, New Y'ork, August 22, 

1855. 

Schleicher, Gustave ; was born at Darmstadt, 
Germany, November 19, 1823; was educated at the 
University of CJ lessen; became a civil engineer, and 
was employed on the construction of railroads; emi- 
grated to Texas in 1847; at first lived on the frontier, 
but settled in San Antonio in 1850; served in the 
State Legislature in 1853 and 1854; from 1859 to 
1861 served in the State Senate; in 1874 was elected 
a Representative from Texas to the Forty-fourth Con- 
gres.s: was re-elected to the Forty-fifth and Forty- 
sixth Congresses. Died, at Washington City, Jan- 
uary 10, 1879. 

Schley, 'William ; was bom in Frederick City, 
JIaryland, December 15, 1786; received an academic 
education in Georgia; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar at Augusta, Georgia, in 1812; continued 
the practice of his profession until 18.'5. when he 
wi;s elected a .1 udge of the Superior Court of the Mid- 
.Ue District of Georgia; was elected to the .State Leg- 
islature in 1830; was a Representative in Congress 
I'lom Georgia from 1833 to 1835; during the t«o suc- 
ceeding years was Governor of Georgia; published a 
"Digest of the English St:itutes ''; was, when Gov- 
ernor, one of the mo.st active supporters of the West- 
ern and Atlantic Railroad; at the time of his death 
wa.s President of the Medical College of Georgia. 
Died at Augusta, Georgia, November 20, 1858. 



438 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Schofleld, John McAllister; was born in 
Chautauqua County, New York, September 29, 1831 ; 
removed to Illinois with his parents, when a boy; 
graduated at tlie West Point Military Academy in 
1853, and was commissioned a Second Lieutenant in 
the Second Artillery; was first stationed in South 
Carolina and Florida; was an instructor in Natural 
Philosophy, at West Point, for five years; in 1860 
was granted leave of absence to occupy the chair of 
Natural Philosophy in Washington University, at St. 
Louis; on the commencement of hostilities in 1860 
was detailed, by the War Department, to raise troops 
and was appointed Major of the First Missouri Vol- 
unteers: in 1861 was appointed a Captain in the Reg- 
ular Ariuy; was Chief of General Lyon's Staff as 
Assistant Adjutant when that heroic Cieneral fell at 
Wilson's Creek, and acquitted himself with great gal- 
lantry; in November, IStil, was made a Brigadier- 
General of Volunteers; in June. 18(i2, the entire .State 
of Missouri was placed nnder his command; in Octo- 
ber following he won the battle of Maysville, near 
Pea Ridge, in Arkansas; soon after that was commis- 
sioned a Major-General of Volunteers; in 1864 be- 
came a Brigadier-General in the Regular Army, and 
in 1865 was elevated to the full rank of Major-Gen- 
eral; in 1864 joined General Sherman with seventeen 
thousand men, and took a conspicuous part in nearly 
all the engagements of the Atlanta campaign, until 
the surrender of General .Joseph Johnston; after the 
war made a tour of inspection in the Southern States; 
also visited Europe; in 1867 was assigned to the First 
Military District, comprising Virginia; on the resig- 
nation of General Grant as Secretary of War ad in- 
terim, and while impeachment was progressing, was 
appointed, by President Johnson, Secretary of War; 
after the acquittal of the President, was duly con- 
firmed, May 30, 1868. 

Schoolcraft, John L.; was bom in Albany, 
New York, and was always identified with that city 
as a merchant; was, for many years, President of the 
Commercial Bank of Albany ; was a Representative 
in Congress from New York from 1849 to 1853. Died 
at St. Catherine's, Canada West, in Jlay, 1860. 

Schoonmaker, Cornelius C; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from New York from 1791 to 
1793; was, for fourteen years, before and after the 
above term, a member of the New York Assembly, 
from the County of Ulster. 

Schoonmaker, Marius ; was bom in New 
York; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1851 to 1853. 

Schroeder, Francis ; was a citizen of Rhode 
Island, and a man of superior culture; in 1849 was 
appointed Cluirgr iV Affdircs to Sweden; in 1854 was 
raised to the rank of Minister Resident; subsequently 
traveled extensively in Europe, and published an in- 
teresting work in two volumes of observations on the 
Mediterranean. 

Schultz, Emanuel ; was horn in Berks County, 
Pennsylvania, .luly 25, 1819; removed to Ohio in 
1638; engaged in the business of manvifacturing; was 
a Delegate to the State Constitutional Convention of 
1^73; in 1875 was elected a member of the State 
Hi use of Representatives for the term of two years; 
was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Forty- 
seventh Congress. 

Schumaker, John Q.; was born in Claverack, 
Columbia Connty, New York, June 27, 1826, of Ger- 
man parentage; received an academic education; 
studied law, and came to the bar in 1847; in 1853 
settled in Brooklyn, New York, where he practiced 



his profession; in 1856 was elected District Attorney 
for kings County; in 18G2 and 1864 was elected Cor- 
poration Counsel for the city of Brooklyn; was a 
Delegate to the Chicago Convention of 1864; was a 
member of the State Constitutional Convention of 
1867; in 1868 was elected a Representative from New 
York to the Forty-first Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on the Ninth Census; was also elected to the 
Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses. 

Schuneman, Martin G-.; was a Representative 
in Congress from New York from 1805 to 1807; was 
a man of immense size, and of great force of charac- 
ter. 

Schureman, James ; was a graduate of Queen's 
College; was a Delegate to the Continental Congress 
in 1786 and 1787; was a Representative in Congress 
from New Jersey from 1789 to 1791. and from 1797 
to 1799; was a Senator in Congress from 1799 to 1801, 
when he resigned ; was again a Representative from 
1813 to 1815; was at one time Mayor of New Bruns- 
wick. 

Schui'Z, Carl; was born near Cologne, Germany, 
March 2, 1829; was educated at the University of 
Bonn; while yet a young man, became connected 
witb the press, and edited a paper identified with tlie 
Revolution of 1848; took part in the defense of Ras- 
tadt, after which he lied to Switzerland; subsequent- 
ly resided in Paris and London, where he was a 
teacher and correspondent for three years; emigrated 
to the United States in 1852; was a Delegate to the 
Chicago Convention of 1860, taking a leading part in 
its proceedings; in 1861 was selected, by President 
Lincoln, as Minister to Spain, which position he soon 
resigned;, was then appointed a Brigadier-General of 
Volunteers, and was present at the second battle of 
Bull Run. .and at the battle of Gettysburg; after the 
war was appointed a commissioner to visit the South- 
ern States and report upon the affairs of the Freed- 
men's Bureau; in 1865 and 1866 was a Washington 
correspondent for the New York Tribunr: was subse- 
quently connected with the press of Detroit and St. 
Louis; wiis a Delegate to the Chicago Convention of 
1868; was elected a Senator in Congress from Mis- 
souri for the term commencing in 1869 and ending in 
1875, serving on the Committees on Pensions, Terri- 
tories, and Military Affairs; in 1876 became Secre- 
tary of the Interior in the Cabinet of President 
Hayes, remaining in the position throughout the 
term of four years; afterwards became editor of the 
New York Evening Post, in which position he con- 
tinued until 1884. 

Schuyler, Eugene; was born at Ithaca, New 
York, February 26, 1840; received a classical educar 
tion. graduating at Y'ale College in 1859; received the 
degree of Ph.D. from that institution in 1861; stud- 
ied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1862; re- 
ceived the degree of LL.B. from Columbia College in 
1863; practiced law in New York, at the same time 
engaging in literary pursuits; in 1867 was appointed 
United States Consul at Moscow, Russia; in 181)9 
Consul at Reval ; in that year was appointed Secre- 
tary of Legation at St. Petersburg, Russia, and, 
while holding that office, was several times, for long 
periods. Charge d'Aff'aires; in 1872 traveled in Cen- 
tral xisia, and in 1876 published an account of that 
country under the title of "Turkistan"; in 1876 
was appointed Secretary of Legation and Consul- 
General at Constantinople, Turkey, taking part in 
the investigation of events in Bulgaria; in 1878 was 
appointed Consul at Birmingham, England; in 1879, 
Consnl-General at Rome, Italy; in 1880, Charge 
d\lffaires and Consul-General at Bucharest, Rou- 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



439 



mania, wliere he signed treaties with Eoumania on 
behalf of the United States; in 1881 was sent on a 
special mission to Belgrade, Servia, where he con- 
eluded treaties with that country; in 1883 was ap- 
, pointed Slinister Resident and Consul-General to 
Greece, Ronmania, and Servia; contributed to various 
American and English periodicals; published two 
translations from the Russian, "Father ^nd Son," 
by Targenef, in 1867, and " The Cossacks," by Count 
Tolsloi, in 1878; edited a translation from the Fin- 
nish in 1867; published a biography of Peter the 
Great in 1879 to 1883 ; in 1882 received the degree of 
LL.D. from Williams College: was, at dillerent 
times, elected a member of the American Geographi- 
cal Society, New York; The Royal Geographical So- 
ciety, Loudon; The Imperial Russian Geographical 
Society, St. Petersburg; The Royal Italian Geograph- 
ical Society, Rome; The Academy of Arcadia, Rome; 
The Royal Asiatic Society, London; La Societie 
.■Vsiatique, Paris, and The Evangelical School, 
Smyrna. 

Schuyler, Philip ; w.-is a native of Albany, New 
York; was appointed Major-Cieneral in the army of 
the Revolution in 177,5, and dispatched to the forti- 
licatious of the north of New York, to prepare for 
the invasiftn of Canada; by the loss of his health, the 
command soon devolved upon Montgomery ; on his 
recovery, directed the operations against Burgoyne, 
and in consequence of the evacuation of Ticonderoga, 
unreasonably fell under some suspicion, and was 
superseded in rommand by General Gates; after- 
wards rendered important services, though not in 
command; was a Delegate to Congress previous to 
the present Constitution; was a Senator of the United 
States, by appointment, from 1789 to 1791, and again 
in 1797, but resigned. Died at Albany in 1804, 
aged seventy -three years. 

Schuyler, Philip J.; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1817 to 1819. Died 
in New York City, Feliruary 21, 1835, aged sixty- 
seven years. 

Sch'warts, John; wu,s Ijoni in Perks County, 
Pennsylvania, October 27, 1793; received a common 
school education; served as Lieutenant in the last 
■war with Great Britain; was engaged in mercantile 
pursuits from 1806 to 1829, and from that year to 
1857 was devoted to farming; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress. Died in July, 1S60, before the expiration of 
its first session. 

Scofleld, Grlenni W.; was born in CliaMtau<iua 
County, Xcw York, March II, HIT: gr:i(hiate(l at 
Hamilton College in 1840, ;in(l removed to Warren, 
Pennsylvania, where he w;is admitted to the bar in 
1843; in 18.5I1 and 1851 was a mcml)cr of tiie Penn- 
sylvania ,\sscml)l\-. :ind from 1857 to 1859 was in the 
State Senate; in in61 was appointed President .ludge 
of the Eighteenth ,Tui'ici:il District of the State; in 
18B2 was elected a Kepicsentiitive from Pennsylvania 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Elections, and Expenditures in the War 
Department; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress, serving as Chairman of the Committee on Un- 
finished Business; was re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Elections, 
and Indian Afi'airs; was re-elected to the three sub- 
sequent Congresses, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Naval Affairs; was Register of the 
Treasury of the United States from 1878 to 1881, 
when he was appointed an Associate Justice of the 
United States Court of Claims. 

Scott, Abraham M.; was Governor of Missis- 
sippi fiom 1831 to 1833. 



Scott, Andrew; was an early emigrant to Ar- 
kansas: in 1819 was appointed an Associate Justice 
of the United States Court for that Territory, 

Scott, Charles ; was bom in Cumberland Coun- 
ty, Virginia, in 1733; was a non-commissioned ofiicer 
at Braddock's defeat in 1755; raised and commanded 
the first company south of the James River for the 
Revolutionary Army; was appointed Colonel of the 
Third Virginia Battalion in 1776; was distinguished 
at Trenton; was Brigadier-General in 1777; was at 
the battle of Stony Point in 1779; was made prisoner 
at Charleston, South Carolina, in 1780; was not ex- 
changed until near the close of the war; was the last 
to leave the field of Monmouth, and was particularly 
distinguished; in 1785 settled in Woodford County, 
Kentucky; was with St. Clair as Brigadier-General 
of Kentucky levies; in 1791 commanded in an Ex- 
pedition to the Wabash, and against the Indians; in 
1794 commanded a portion of Wayne's Army at the 
battle of Fallen Timbers; the Shiretown of Powhat- 
tan was named for him; also a County in Kentucky; 
was Governor of Kentucky from 1808 to 1812. Died 
October 22, 1820. 

Scott, Charles L.; was born at Richmond, Vir- 
ginia, January 23, 1827; his early education was ac- 
quired in the private schools of Richmond and at the 
Richmond Academy, and during the years 1844, 1845 
and 1846 he attended William and Mary College, at 
Williamsburg, Virginia; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to' the bar; practiced law at Richmond, Vir- 
ginia, in 1847, 1848 and 1849; in the latter year went 
to California in a sailing vessel; in the fall of that 
year entered upon the practice of law in San Fran- 
cisco, California ; from February, 18".0, until the 
spring of 1852 worked in the gold mines in Northern 
California; then went to Tuolumne County, in South- 
ern California, where he worked in the mines about 
two years; in 1854 resumed the practice of his pro- 
fession; in 1855 was the Democratic candidate for 
State Senator, but was defeated; in 1856 w.as elected 
a Representative from Calilbmia to the Thirty-lifth 
Congress; was re-elected to the Thirty-si.xth Con- 
gress; left his seat in Congress in March, 1861, and 
went to Alaliama, where he enlisted in the Confeder- 
ate .\rmy; was elected Major of his regiment; par- 
ticipated in the first battle of Manassa.s, in .Inly, 
1861, and was severely wounded in the right leg; at 
the battle of Seven Pines, in 1862, ruptured his old 
wound and was compelled to withdraw from active 
service; was appointed, by President Davis, Chief 
Justice of the Court of Inquiry of Longstreet's Divi- 
sion, with the rank of Colonel of Cavalry, but was 
coiupelled, by ill-health, to decline the office; en- 
gaged in planting; in 1867 became proprietoi- and 
editor of a newspaper; in 1877 removed to Mon- 
roe (''ounty, Alabama, and engaged in planting; in 
1881 rcs\ini((l the practice of his profession at Monroe- 
ville, Alabama; in April, 1885, was appointed, by 
President, C,'leveland, United States Minister to Ven- 
ezuela. 

Scott, Gustavus ; was a Delegate from Mary- 
laud to the Continental Congress from 1784 to 1785; 
was one of the original Commissioners ol Public 
Buildings for the District of Columbia. 

Scott, Harvey D.; was born in Ohio; removed 
to Indiana; was elected a Representative from In- 
diana to the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Scott, James; was an early emigrant to the 
West; in 1813 was appointed an Associate Justice of 
the United States Court for the Territory of Indiana. 

Scott, John; was born in Hanover County, Vir- 
ginia, in 1782; graduated at Princeton College in 



440 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



1805; removed, with his parents, to Indiana in 1802; 
settled at St. Genevieve, Missouri, in 1805; was a 
Delegate to Congress from the Territory of Missouri 
from IHlGto 1821; was a Representative in Congress 
from Missouri from 1821 to 1827. Died at St. Gene- 
vieve, in 18()1. 

Scott, John ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, from 1>I29 
to 1831. 

Scott, John ; was born at Alexandria, Hunting- 
don County, Pennsylvania, July 14, 1824, his father, 
bearing the same name, having foiinerly served in 
Congress; received a coiumou school education; stud- 
ied law, and came to the bar in 1840; was a Prose- 
cuting Attorney from 1846 to 1849; was for ten years 
Solicitor for the Penn.sylvania Railroad Company; in 
18H2 was elected to the State Legislature; presided 
over a State Convention held at Williamsport in 
1867; was elected a .Senator in Congress from I'enn- 
sylvania for the term commencing in 1869 and end- 
ing in 1875, serving on the Committees on Naval Af- 
fairs, Claims, and Pacitio Railroad, and as Chairman 
of that on Claims. 

Scott, John G.; was bom in Philadelphia, Penn- 
sylvania, December 26, 1819 ; left that city when 
seventeen years of age, to seek his fortune in the 
West; settled in Mi-ssouri, and for many years re- 
sided at the Iron Mountain; engaged in the business 
of iron-master, and in develoijiug the mineral re- 
sources of the State; in 1862, at a special election, 
was elected a Rcjircsentative from Missouri to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, in the place of J. W. Noell, 
deceased; was a candidate for Congress at the regu- 
lar election, in 1862, ag.ainst Mr. Noell, but was de- 
feated by a small majority; his committee duties 
were rendered as a member of the Committee on 
Revolutionary Pensions. 

Scott, John Morin ; was Secretary of State of 
New York State in 1778 and 1789; was a Delegate 
from New York to the Continental Congress from 
1780 to 1783. 

Scott, Robert Kingston ; was born in Arm- 

.strong County, Pennsvlvania, July 8, 1826; studied 
medicine, and graduated as M. D. at the Starling 
Medical College, Ohio; settled to practice in Henry 
County, Ohio; was appointed Lieuteyant-Colonel of 
IheiSixty-eighth Ohio Volunteers in 1861; Colonel in 
1862; 'was at the capture of Fort Donelson. battle of 
Shiloh, and siege of Corinth; commanded a brigade 
at Hatchie River, Tennessee, under General Hurlbut; 
commanded the advance of General Logan's Division 
on the march into Mississippi; was engaged at Port 
Gib.son, Raymond, Jackson, and Champion Hills; 
commanded the Second Brigade, Third Division, 
Seventeenth Corps uutil July, 1865; was made pris- 
oner near Atlanta; was exchanged September 24, 
1864; was in Shcnnan's operations before Atlanta^ 
and in the " marc4i to the sea"; was Assistant Com- 
missary from ls()5 to 1868; was Governor of South 
(.'arolina from 1868 to 1871. 

Scott, Thomas; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1789 to 1791, and 
again from 1793 to 1795; was one of those who 
voted tor locating the Seat of Government on the 
Potomac. 

Scott, Thomas A.; w:^s born at Loudon, Frank- 
lin County, Pennsylvania, December 28, 1824; was 
educated at the village school; while a lad was at 
dilVereut times, employed in several villan-e stores- 
In 1847 becann^ Collector of Tolls on the^Pennsyl- 



vauia Canal; in 1850 became General Agent of the 
Eastern Division of the Pennsylvania Railroad; in 
1858 was made General Superintendent of the entire 
line of road; in 1860 was elected Vice-President of 
the Pennsylvania Railroad Company; in May, 1861, 
while in Washington attending to railroad business, 
was commissioned Colonel of the District of Columbia 
Volunteers; a few weeks later was appointed in 
charge of all Government railwa3'S and telegraphs; 
in August, 1861, was appointed Assistant Secretary 
of War; resigned this olfice in June, 1862, and re- 
sumed his duties as Vice-President of the Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad Company; in 1863 became Colonel 
and A.ssistant Quartermaster on the Staff of 
Gener.al Hooker; then resumed his former ofiice in 
the Railroad Company; was a Director in several 
Railroad Companies; from March, 1871, to March, 
1872, was, in addition to his other duties. President 
of the Union Pacific Railway Company; in Maj', 
1872, was elected President of the Texas Pacific 
Railway Company; in .\ugust. 187:i, was elected 
President of the Atlantic and Pacific Railway Com- 
pany; in 1874 was elected President of the Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad Company; in May, 1880, resigned 
tlie latter office. Died May 21, 1881. 

Scott, ■William L.; was born at Washington, 
D. C. July 2, 1828, his parents being residents of 
Virginia; his father, Robert I. Scott, was a graduate 
of West Point, in the class of 1812, and his grand- 
father, Gustavus Scott, was a Delegate from Mary- 
land to the Continental Congress, and was appointed, 
by President Washington, the first Commissioner of 
Public Buildings in the City of Washington; Mr. 
Scott received a common school education; was a 
Page in the National House of Representatives from 
1840 to 1846; in 1848 settled at Erie, Pennsylvania, 
as a clerk in the shipping business; in 1850 engaged in- 
tlie coal and shipping business,owning and employing 
steam and sailing vessels on the Lakes; subsequently 
became largely interested in iron manufacturing, 
coal mining, and the construction and operation of 
railroads; as President or Director, was interested in 
22,000 miles of completed road, probably the largest 
mileage in the management of which one man was 
ever interested; was a Delegate to the Democratic 
National Conventions of 1868 and 1880; was elected 
Mayor of Erie in 1866, and again in 1871; was a 
member of the Democratic National Committee from 
187(i to 1884; by the union of Democrats and Iiule- 
pendent Republicans in 1884 was elected a Rei)re- 
sentative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-ninth Con- 



Scott, "Winfleld ; was born near Petersburg, 
Virginia, June 13, 1786; attended the High School a» 
Richmond, and William and Mary College; went 
through a course of law studies, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1806; his first military service was ren- 
dered in 1807, when he joined a Militia company of 
horse, to repel the anticipated invasion of the ISriti.sh; 
in 1809, .after having made an effort to .settle in 
South Carolina as a lawyer, was commissioned a Cap- 
tain, and joined the army at New Orleans; returned 
home in 1810, hut rejoined the Army of Louisiana 
in 1811; in 1812 was raised to the rank of 
M.ajor, and later to that of Lieutenant-Colonel, and 
ordered to Buffalo; in the affair of Queenstown was 
taken prisoner by the British ; was exchanged early 
in 1813; before the close of that year captured Fort 
George, and was commissioned a Colonel; in 1814 
was made Adjutant-General, and during the summer 
of that year won the important battles of Chippewa 
and Lundy's Lane, in the last of which he wa3 
wounded; for these important services was brevetfed 
Major-Gener.al ; received, with the thanks of the 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



441 



nation, a gold medal from Congress, and w!is ten- 
dered the appointment of Secretary of War, wliich he 
declined; early in 1832 took part in the campaign 
against Black Ilawk; before the close of that year 
was ordered to Charleston, where, as a peacemaker, 
he did much to quell the exciteineut growing out of 
Nullification; in 1S:57 was assigned to duty against 
the Seminoles in Florida, and also against the Creek 
Indians; his presence on the Canadian frontier in 
18:j8and 1839 did much to quiet the troubles of that 
exciting period; in 1841, on the death of General 
Macomb, became Commander-in-chief of the Army; 
took a prominent part in the War with Mexico; his 
first service there was to invest Vera Cruz, which 
surrendered to his arms; then defeated Santa Anna 
at Cerro Gordo; entered .lalapa; occupied the Castle 
and town of I'erote, and the City of Puebla; defeated 
the enemy at Coutreras and Cherubusco; carried, by 
assault, the great Ibrtification of Chapultepec, the 
key (o the City of Mexico; entered the City of 
Mexico as victor, and, the object of the war having 
been accomplished, peace was concluded in February, 
1848; although an attempt was made by a rival Gen- 
eral to injure his fame, he returned to Washington, 
and resumed his position at the head of the Army; 
was Secretary of War ad interim, in 1850, under 
President Fillmore; in 1852 became the Whig candi- 
date for the office of President, but was defeated; in 
185!) was honored with the brevettitleof Lieutenant- 
General, the rank having been established by Con- 
gress for his exclusive benefit, and so framed that it 
should not survive him; on the breaking out of the 
Rebellion again rendered important services by 
securing to the Government the possession of Wash- 
ington City and the safe inauguration of President 
Lincoln: on the last day of October, 1861, because of 
his declining health, he a.sked to be retired from 
active service; on the 1st of November the President, 
attended by all his Cabinet, waited upon him at his 
residence, and read to him the order which placed 
him on the retired list, " without reduction in his 
current pay, subsistence, or allowance," and on the 
same day Major-General George B. McClellan was ap- 
pointed his successor in command of the army; sub- 
sequently made a brief visit to Europe; on his return 
settled at West Point, New York: published "In- 
fantry Tactics"; "Regulations of the Army," and 
an ' ' Autobiography' ' ; several biograjihies of him 
were issued during his life, by E. D. Mansfield and 
others. Died at West Point, May 29, 1866. 

Scoville, Jonathan; was born at Salisbury, 
Connecticut; received a good education; engaged in 
the business of mining and manufacturing iron at 
Canaan, Connecticut, in 1854; removed to Buffalo. 
New York, in 18ii0, and eng,aged in the manufacture 
of car wheels; was elected a Representative from 
New York to the Forty-sixth Congre.ss, to fill the 
vacancy caused by the resignation of Ka.v V. Pierce; 
was re-elected to the- Forty-seventh Congre.ss. 



Scranton, G-eorge W.; was horn in Madison, 
New Haven County, Connecticut. M,ay 23, 1811; re- 
ceived a common school education; when eighteen 
years of age removed to New Jersey : subsequently 
removed to Pennsylvania, and engaged in the iron 
and railroad business, having cxlensive interests at 
Oxford, New .Jersey, and at Scranton, I'enn.sylvania; 
held the positions, severely, of President of the Dela- 
ware. Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company, 
and of the Cayuga and Sus(|uehanna Railway; in 18.58 
was elected a Representative from I'rnn.sylvania to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Coiumittee on 
Alanufactures; was reelected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress. Died at Scranton, Pennsylvania, March 
24, 1861. 



Scranton, Joseph A.; was born at Madison, 
Connecticut, July 26, 1838; removed to Pennsyl- 
vania in 1847; received an academic education; was 
Collector of Internal Kevenne from 1862 to 1866; 
in 1867 founded the Scranton Rrpuhlic.an newspaper; 
was a Delegate to the Republican National Conven- 
tion of 1872; was Postmaster at Scranton, Pennsyl- 
vania, from 1874 to 1881; was elected a Representative 
from Pennsjivania to the Forty-seventh Congress; 
in 1884 was elected a Representative to the Forty- 
ninth Congre.s3. 

Scruggs, "William L.; was born near Knox- 
ville, Tennessee, September 14, 1834; received a 
classical education ; studied law, and was admitted 
to practice in 1869; was editor of the Columbus 
(Georgia) Sun from 1861 to 1864; in 1865 became 
editor of the New Era, at Atlanta, Georgia; in 1867 
severed his connection with the New Era, and estab- 
lished a paper in the interest of reconstruction; waa 
again chief editor of the Neie Era from 1870 to 1872, 
when he became editor of the Whig; in the latter 
part of 1872 was appointed United States Assessor of 
Interniil Revenue for the District of Georgia; in 1873 
was appointed Minister of the United States to the 
United States of Colombia, remaining in that position 
until the mission was abolished, in 1876; in 1879 
was .appointed LTnited States Consul at Chin Kiang, 
China, and a fe%v months later was promoted to the 
Consulate at Canton, China; the Colombian mission 
having been revived, Mr. Scruggs was, in 1882, 
transferred to that station. 

Soudder, Henry J.; w.as born in Northport, 
Suflblk County, New York, in 1825; graduated at 
Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut, in 1846; 
studied law in New York City; was admitted to the 
bar in 1848, and practiced in the State of New Y'ork; 
was elected a Representative from New York to the 
Forty-third Congress, serving on the Committee on 
War Claims. 

Scudder, Isaac W.; was born in Elizabeth, in 

1818; studied law with his father; removed to .ler-sey 
City, and commenced practice there; was twice 
Prosecutor of the Court of Common Pleas for Hudson 
County; was elected a Representative from New 
Jersey to the Forty-third Congress, serving on one 
or more Committees. 

Scudder, John A.; was a n.ative of New Jersey; 
was a physician by profession; served a number of 
years in the Assembly of his native State; was a 
Representative in Congress from New Jersey for the 
unexpired term of James Cox, who died in 1810. 



Scudder, Nathaniel; graduated at Princeton 

College in 1751: was a Delegate from New Jersey to 
the Continental Congress from 1777 to 1779. and was 
one of the signers of the Articles of Confederation. 
Died in 1781. 

Scudder, Treadwell; was, for six years, a 
member of the New York Assembly; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from New York, from 1817 to 
1819. 

Scudder, Zeno ; was born in Barnstable, Mas- 
sachusetts, .^ugu.st 18, 1807; filled with credit vari- 
ous public positions: was President of the Massachu- 
setts Senate; was a Representative in Congr&ss from 
Massachusetts, from 1851 to 1854, when he was 
compelled, by failing health, to resign his .seat; waa 
a good lawyer, and enjoyed the confidence and re- 
spect of the community in which he lived. Died at 
Barnstable, Mas.sachusetts, June 26, 1857. 



442 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Scurry, Eiohardson ; was born in Tennessee; 
was elected a Kepresentative in Congress from Texas, 
from 1851 to 1853. 

Seabrook, 'WhiterQarsh B.; was born in 
RdUth Carolina in 1795; graduated at the New Jersey 
College in 1812; servi.- i in the State Senate; was 
Presidentof the State Agricultural Society; was Gov- 
ernor of South Carolina from 1848 to 1850. Died m 
St. Luke's Parish, April IG, 1855. 

Seal, Roderick ; was born in Harrison County, 
Mississippi; received a good education; .adopted tilS 
profession of the law; held no public position except 
that of a Representative in the Legislature; in 1875 
was elected a Representative from Mississippi to the 
Forty-fourth Congress. 

Seaman, Henry J.; was born in New York; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1845 to 1847. 

Searing, John A.; was born in Queens County, 
New York, May 14, 1814; his father died when he 
was young, and he was educated at the common 
schools of New York, by his grandparents; was bred 
a farmer; held several public positions previously to 
his election as a member of the State Legislature in 
18'i3; was chosen a Kepresentative from New York to 
the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Revolutionary Pensions and Accounts. 

Searle, James ; was born in New York City 
ibout 1730; was a merchant in the house of his 
brother, in Madeira; settled in Philadelphia about 
nt>:i; signed the non-importation agreement of 1765 ; 
was one of the managers of the United States Lottery 
from 1776 to 1778, when he was, for a short time, a 
member of the Navy Board; was a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress from 1778 to 1780, and was 
Chairman of the Committees on Commerce, Foreign 
Affairs, and of the Marine ; in 1780 was sent to 
Europe to negotiate a State loan for Pennsylvania, 
but returned unsuccessful in 1782. Died at Phila- 
delphia, August 7, 1797. 

Seaton, Charles ViT.; was a resident of the Dis- 
trict of Columbia; was, for some years, a clerk in the 
Census Bureau at Washington ; in November, 1881, 
was appointed Superintendent of the Census Bureau. 

Seaton, "William Winston; was born in King 
William County, Virginia, .January 11, 1785; was 
chiefly educated by private tutors; early acquired a 
knowledge of printing; edited a paper in Petersburg, 
Virginia, and also another in Halifax, North Carolina; 
became connected with the Retfifiter, in Raleigh; in 
1812 went to Washington City, and joined liis brotlier- 
in-law, Joseph Gales, in the management of the NnlUm- 
al Jnlrllignicrr, with which he was most honorably 
identified until his death in Washington, which oc- 
curred .Inne Itl, 1806; held a great many local olifices 
In the Federal city; was frequently elected Mayor; 
was a Regent of the Smithsonian Institution; in con- 
junction with Mr. Gales, was one of the Public Prin- 
ters for very many years, and left a brilliant reputa- 
tion for his merits as a man, and his charactci- as an 
editor and st.itesman; a few years after his death a 
sketch of his life, with correspondence, w.as published 
by one of his daughters. Miss .Tosephine Seaton ; for 
a chapter of personal recollections, the reader is re- 
ferred to "Haphazard Person.alities," by the present 
writer. 

Seaver, Ebenezer; was born in nuij; graduated 
at Harvard University in 1784; was a member of the 
State Legislature from 1794 to 1802; was a member 



of the "State Constitutional Convention" of 1820; 
was a Representative in Congress from Massachusetts 
from 1803 to 1813. Died in Roxbury, Massachusetts, 
March 1, 1844. 

Seay, William A. ; was a resident of Louisiana; 

in May, 1885. was appointed, by President Cleve- 
land, Minister Resident and Consul-General ol' the 
United States to Bolivia. 

Sebastian, William K.; was born in Vernon, 
Tennessee; was educated at Columbia College, in 
that State; settled in Arkansas, in 1835, in the prac- 
tice of law; was soon after appointed Prosecuting 
Attorney, and held the office until 1837; was Circuit 
Judge from 1840 to 1842; in the latter year was ap- 
pointed a State Supreme Judge; was aState Senator, 
and President of the State Senate in 1§46; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1848; was a United States 
Senator from Arkansas from 1847 to 1853; was re- 
elected for the term ending in 1859, and, in the latter 
year, was re-elected for a term of six years, serving 
as Chairman of the Committee on Indian Affairs, and 
a member of tlie Committee on Territories; was ex- 
pelled for disloyalty July 11, 1861. 

Seddon, James A.; was born in Virginia; was 
elected a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1845 to 1847, and again from 1849 to 1851; was 
a member of the Confederate Government, as a Rep- 
resentative in Congress in 1861, having previously 
been a Delegate to the "Peace Congress" of that 
year; in 1862 became the Confederate Secretary of 
War. 

Sedg'wrick, C B.; was born in Pompey, New 
York, March, 1815; adopted the profession of the 
law; was elected a Rejiresentative from New York to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Naval Affairs; was re-elected to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving as Chairman of 
that Committee; in 1863 was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Lincoln, a Commissioner to look after certain 
naval aflalrs. 

' Sedgwck, Theodore ; was born at West Hart- 
lord, Connecticut, in May, 1746; was educated at 
Yale College, but did not graduate; in leaving this 
institution commenced the study of theology, but 
soon relinquished it and studied law; was admitted 
to the bar before reaching the age of twenty-one; 
commenced practice at Great Barrington, Massachu- 
setts; then settled at Sheffield, and afterwards at 
Stockbridge, in the same county; was a zealous pat- 
riot in the Revolutionary War; was a member of the 
Pro%'incial Congress in 1785 and 1786; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Massachusetts, after the 
adoption of the Constitution, from 1789 to 1796; was 
a Senator of the United States from 1796 to 1798, and 
served as President j«o tern, during one session; in 
1799 was again a member of the House, and was 
chosen Speaker; from 1802 until his death was a 
Judge of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts; died 
at Boston, January 24, 1813; received the degree of 
LL.D. from Princeton College and C'ambridge Uni- 
versity. As a st.atesman and jurist he was highly 
valued by his country. His life was, in an uncom- 
mon degree, varied and active; his industry ^^^as un- 
wearied, and an ardent enthusiasm was the basis of 
his character. 

Seeley, John E. ; was born in Ovid, New York, 
August 1, 1810: graduated in Yale College in 1835; 
studied law, and came to the bar in 1840; was elected 
County Judge and Surrogate in 1851, and served four 
years; was a Presidential Elector in 1860 and also in 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



443 



1864; was elected a Representative from New York 
to the Forty-second Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Freedmen's Affairs. 

Seely, Elias P. ; was Governor of New Jersey 
for a part of the year 1833. 

Seelye, Julius H. ; was born in Danbury, (now 
Bethel) Connecticut, September 4, 1824; graduated 
at Amherst College io 1849; studied in Auburn 
Theological Seminary; was ordained pastor of the 
Dutch Reformed Church in Schenectady, New York, 
in 1853, and remained tliere until appointed Pro- 
fessor at Amherst College in 1858; was the author of 
"Christian Memories," etc.; in 18T4 was elected a 
Representative from Massachusetts to the Forty- 
fom-th Congress. 

Segar, Joseph E. ; was born in King William 
County, Virginia, June 1, 1804; in 1836 was elected 
to the House of Delegates of Virginia, and continued 
to serve for several years; was again elected to the 
same position in 1848, and continued to serve almost 
uninterruptedly until the State rebelled against the 
Union; after Eastern Virginia was restored to the 
Federal authority, was elected a Representative from 
Virginia to the Thirty-seventh Congress. 

Seibels, J. J.; was a citizen of Alabama; in 1853 
was appointed Charge d' Affaires to Bel f^iajxi- was com- 
missioned Minister Resident In 1854; resigned in 
1857. 

Selden, Dudley ; was a pr ;minent member of 
the New York bar; was a Representative in Congress 
from New York from 1333 to 1835; died in Paris, 
France, November 7, 1855. 

Selden, Joseph ; was an early emigrant to Ar- 
kansas; in 1820 was appointed Judge of the United 
States Court for the Territory of Arkansas. 

Selden, "William; was born in Virginia; in 1839 
was appointed Treasurer of the United States, hold- 
ing the office until 1850;' from 1858 until 1861 was 
Marshal of the United States, attendant on the 
Supreme Court. 

Sells, Elijah; was appointed Third Auditor of the 
Treasury in 1864, remaining in office only from July 
to October, when he was appointed Sixth Auditor of 
the Treasury and remained in office until 1865. 

Selye, Le'wis ; was bom in Chittenango, Madi- 
son County, New York, .luly 11, 1808; received a 
common school education; removed to Rochester, 
New York, in 1824; became extensively engaged in 
the manufacturing business, and was long identified 
with the growth and interests of that city ; was, for 
many years, a member of tlie CHty Corporation ; also 
held the office of Supervisor of Monroe County; 
was, for seven years, the Treasurer of the county; in 
1866 was elected a Representative from New York to 
the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Manufactures and Revolutionary Claims. 

Semmes, Benedict J.; was born in Charles 
County, Maryland, November 1, 1789; was bred to 
the profession of medicine, and graduated at the 
Medical School in Baltimore about the year 1811; 
settled in Piscataway, Maryland, wlicro he acquired 
an extensive practice, but subsequently relinciuished 
his profession; in 1821 vias eUctcd to the State Leg- 
islature; was again elected in 1825, 1827, and 1828, 
and during one session was chosen Speaker of the 
House of Delegates; in 1821 introduced and carried 
through a bill for removing religious tests, as applica- 



ble to office in Maryland; in 1829 was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Maryland; was re-elected 
in 1831; his health failing soon after found it neces- 
sary to retire at a time when there was no opposition 
to him in his district; again served in the State Leg- 
islature in 1842 and 1843. 

Semple, James ; was bom in Kentucky in 1800; 
emigrated to Illinois in 1827; was elected a Repre- 
sentative in the Illinois Legislature, and served six 
jears, during four of which he officiated as Speaker 
of the House of Representatives; in 1833 was elected 
-\ttorney-General of the State; was appointed Charge 
i/'.l/foires to New Granada in 1837; was elected one 
of the Judges of the Supreme Court of the State in 
1M12; was a Senator in Congress from Illinois from 
1843 to 1817. Died at Elsah Landing, Illinois, in 
January, 1867. 

Sener, James B.; was born in Fredericksburg, 
Virginia, May 18, 1837; attended lectures at the 
University of Virginia as a State student, and gradu- 
ated; studied law at the Lexington Law School; was 
admitted to the bar in 1860; was Sergeant of the city 
of Fredericksburg in 1863; was army correspondent 
of the Southern Associated Press with General Lee'a 
army during the late war; from 1865 was editor of 
the Fredericksburg Ledger; was a Delegate to the 
National Republican Convention at Philadelphia in 
1872; was elected a Representative from Virginia to 
the Forty-third Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Department of Justice and on that 
on Freedmen's Aflairs; was a Delegate to the Repub- 
lican National Convention of 1876; was a member of 
the Republican National Committee for four years; 
member of the Republican National Executive Com- 
mittee in the campaign of 1876; w.as appointed Chief 
Justice of the Supreme Court of the Territory of 
Wyoming in 1879. 

Seney, George E.; was born at Uniontown, 

F.ayette County, Pennsylvania, May 29, 1832; the 
same year was taken, by his parents, to Tiffin, Ohio, 
where he continued to reside thereafter; was edu- 
cated at the Norwalk Seminary, Ohio; studied law; 
was admitted to the bar in 1853, and commenced 
practice at Tiffin; was an unsuccessful candidate for 
Presidential Elector in 185(i; in 1857 was elected 
.ludge of the Common Pleas Court, and served five 
years, declining a re-nomination; in 1858 declined 
the office of United States District Attorney, ten- 
dired him by President Buchanan; served as a com- 
missioned officer in the Union Army during the 
Civil War; was defeated for Congress in 1874; was a 
Delegate to the Democratic National Convention of 
1876; declined the nomination liir Congress in 1878; 
was the author of " Seney's Code of Procedure"; 
was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Forty- 
eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Seney, Joshua ; was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress in 1787 and 17.-^8; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from JIaryland froipa 1789 to 1792; 
was Presidental Elector in 1792. 

Senter, Dewitt C; w;is Governor of Tennessee 
from 1869 to 1871. 

Senter, William T.; was born in Granger Coun- 
ty, Tennes.see, in 1802, was a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1843 to 1845. Died 
August 28, 1849. 

Sergeant, John; was born at Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania, in 1779; graduated at Princeton Col- 
lege in 1795; was, for a short time, a clerk in a store; 



444 



BIOUKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



studied law, aud was admitted to the bar in 1799; 
his first appointment was that of Prosecutor for the 
Commonwealth, which he held several years; was, 
for more than half a century, known and honored for 
his extraordinary ability in his profession, tlie law, 
for his habitual courtesy, his liberal fairness, and his 
integrity; was elected a Representative to Congress, 
and served from 1815 to 1823, from 1827 to 1829, and 
from 1837 to 1842; was especially famous for his part 
in the great Missouri Compromise in 1820; for the 
Panama Congress, Mr. Sergeant was selected by 
President Adams to represent the United States; 
the measures of international law which were pro- 
posed to be settled in that Congress were deemed so 
important that Mr. Clay, the Secretary of State, had 
filled eighty pages of instructions to Mr. Sergeant on 
the subject; in 1832 Mr. Sergeant was the Whig can- 
didate for Vice-President, being upon the same ticket 
with Henry Clay; forty-nine electoral votes were 
cast for these candidates; at the outset of President 
Harrison's administration, Mr. Sergeant was ten- 
dered the mission to England, which he declined; in 
the cause of charity he was never appealed to in vain; 
for many years before his death, took an active in- 
terest in all the i)ublic affairs of his native city. 
Died in Philadelphia, November 23, 1852. 

Sergeant, Jonathan Dickinson; was born at 

Newark, New Jersey, in 1746; graduated at New 
Jersey College in 1762; studied law, and commenced 
practice in his native State; was a member of the 
Continental Congress in 1776 and 1777; took his seat 
a few days after the Declaration of Independence; in 
July, 1777, became Attorney-General of Pennsyl- 
vania, which position he resigned in 1780, and de- 
voted himself to his profession; before the close of tl e 
war, removed to Philadelphia, aud from his benevo- 
lent exertions as one of the Board of Health, during 
the prevalence of the yellow fever, fell a victim to 
that disease, and died, October, 1793. 

Service, Francis Gr.; was born in New Jersey: 
removed to Ohio, from which State he was appointed 
an Associate .Justice for the Territory of Montana, re- 
siding at Virginia City. 

Session, Walter L.; was horn in Brandon, Ver- 
mont; was reared on a ferm; received an academic 
education; studied law, and practiced the profession; 
was Commissioner of Sdiools for several years; was a 
member of the New York Assembly in 18.");> and 
1854; was a member of the State Senate in I8,"i9 and 
1865; was elected a Representative from New York 
to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses, scr\ - 
ing on the Committees on Private Land Claims, and 
Mines and Mining; in 1884 was elected a Represent- 
ative to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Settle, Thomas ; was born in Rockingham 
County, North Carolina; was a Representative in 
the Legislature of that State in 1815, aud in 1826, 
1827, and 182s, at wliich last session he was Speaker 
of tlie House oliCommons; was a Representative in 
Congress from 1S17 to 1821; in 1832 was chosen 
Judge of the Superior Court of Law and Equity, and 
held the office for twenty years, when he resigned; 
was highly esteemed for his many virtues. Died in 
Eockingham County, August 5, 1857, aged sixty-five. 

Settle, Thomas; was born in Rockingham 
County, North Carolina, .January 23, 1831; was the 
son of Tliomas Settle, who served in Congress from 
1817 to 1821; graduated from the University of North 
Carolina in 185U; in 1851 \vas Private Secretary to 
the Governor of North Carolina; in 1852 entered 
upon the study of law; in December, 1853, was ad- 



mitted to the bar, and engaged in the j)ractice of law; 
in 1854 was elected a Representative in the North 
Carolina Legislature; was re-elected in 1856 and 
1858, serving as Speaker of the House during his last 
term; was a Presidential Elector in 18."i6; in 1859 
was elected Solicitor for the Fourth Judicial Circuit 
of North Carolina; in 1861 entered the Confederate 
Army as Captain, serving one year; in 1862 was 
again elected Solicitor of the Fourth Circuit, holding 
the office until 1865; in the latter year was elected a 
member of the State Constitutional Convention, and 
in the Fall of the same year was elected a State 
Senator, under the jjrovisions of the new Constitu- 
tion; towards the close of the Legislative session 
was again elected Solicitor of the Fourth Judicial 
Circuit, which office he held until 1868, when he 
was elected a Judge of the Supreme Court of North 
Carolina, the Chief Justice of that Court being his 
former law preceptor— Judge Richmond M. Pearson; 
resigned in 1871 to accept the post of Envoy Extra- 
ordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United 
States to Peru, to which he had been appointed by 
President Grant; ill-health compelled him to resign 
in 1872, and he resumed the practice of his profession 
in North Carolina; in the same year was President 
of the Republican National Convention; in the Fall 
of that year was appointed a Judge of the Supreme 
Court of North Carolina, to fill a vacancy; in 1876 
was nominated as the Republican candidate for Gov- 
ernor of North Carolina, and resigned the Judgeship; 
made a joint canvass of the State with his op]ionent, 
Zcbulon B. Vance, and, although receiving an un- 
paralleled number of votes, was defeated; in 1877 
was appointed, by President Grant, United States 
District Judge for the Northern District of Florida, 
and removed to Jacksonville, Florida, to assume the 
duties of his office. 

Severance, Luther ; was born at Montague, 

Massachusetts, October 28, 1797; commenced" his 
career as a printer in the office of the National lu- 
tillif/riifn; at Wasliington, D. C. ; was the founder of 
the Ktnmbcc Journal, and editor from 1825 to 1849; 
was a Representative in Congress from Maine from 
1843 to 1847; was frequently a member of the Maine 
Legislature, serving five years in the Assembly and 
two years in the Senate; was appointed, by I^resident 
Taylor, Commissioner to the Sandwich Islands. 
Died at Augusta, Maine, January 25, 1855. 

Sevier, Ambroae H.; was born in Tennessee in 
1802; had few early advantages of education, but 
relied on his own energies, and removed to the Ter- 
ritory of Arkansas, where, before the age of twenty- 
one, he was admitted to the bar as an Attorney; was 
elected Clerk of the Legislature, and, as soon as he 
was eligilile, was elected a member of that body, 
first in 1823 and again in 1825; from 1827 to 1836 
was a Delegate to Congress trom Arkansas; when the 
Territory became a State, in 1836, was elected a Sen- 
ator to Congress; was. lor many years. Chairman of 
the Committee on Indian .Affiiirs. and afterwards of 
the Committee on Foreign Relations; resigned his 
seat in tlie Senate in 1848 to accept, from President 
Polk, the appointment on a special mission to Mexico, 
to negotiate a peace; he possessed the unbounded 
confidence of his constituents and party. Died at 
Little Rock, Arkansas, December 21, 1848. 

Sevier, John; was born in Tennessee in 1744; 
was an Officer in the Revolutionary War, and dis- 
tinguished himself in the battle of King's Mountain, 
in 1780; for his services on that occasion the Legisla- 
ture of North Carolina, in 1813, voted him a sword; 
commanded the forces which defeated the Creek and 
Cherokee Indians in 1789; was afterwards a General 



B I O G K A 1^ H 1 C A L ANNALS. 



445 .- 



in the Provisional Army; was a Representative in 
Cougress from North Carolina in 1790 and 1791 ; from 
1796 to 1801 and 180:! to IMO!) w;is Governor of Ten- 
nessee; was a Representative in Congress from Ten- 
nessee from 1811 to 181o; was then appointed, by 
President Monroe, one of the Commissioners to as- 
certain the boundary line of the Creek Territory. 
Died while engaged in that service, at Fort Decatur, 
September 24, 1815. Was one of those who voted 
for locating the Seat of Government on the Poto- 
mac. 

Se'wall, Samuel; was born in Boston, Massa- 
chu.setts, December 11, 1757; graduated at Harvard 
College in 1776; was a lawyer by profession; settled 
at Marblehead, Massachusetts; in 1796 was elected a 
Representative in Congress, serving until 1800, when 
he resigned; was distinguished in that body by his 
knowledge of commercial law ; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1801 ; in 1800 was placed upon the bench 
of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts, and in 1813 
* was appointed Chief Justice of that Court. Died at 
Wiscasset, June 8, 1814, where the members of the 
bar erected a monument to his memory. 

Seward, George F.; was born in New York; 
received a liberal education; in 1863 was sent by his 
uncle. William H. Seward, as Consul General to 
Shanghai, in China, where he acquitted himself with 
faithfulness; in 1875 was appointe<l Jliuister Pleni- 
potentiary to China, as the successor of B. P. Avery, 
who died at his post of duty. 

Seward, Frederick A.; was born in New 
York, and was the sou of William H. Seward; re- 
' ceived a good education and studied law; was, for 
several years, an Assistant Secretary of the State De- 
partment; in 1860 was commissioned to negotiate 
for the cession of Samana Bay; was subsequently 
elected to the Legislature of New York. 

Seward, James L.; was born in Georgia; was 
bred a lawyer; in 1836 was elected to tin- State Legis- 
lature, serving several years; entereil (Congress in 
1853, as a Representative from Georgia, and contin- 
ued there to the close of the Thirty-tifth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on Naval 
Affairs; resided at Thomasville, and was an active 
man in public affairs. 

Sew^ard, WilliaTn H.; was born in Florida, 
/ Orange County, New York, May 16, 1801; graduated 
at TJni^n College in 1820; studied law and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1822; settled at Auburn, New 
York, in 1823; in 1830 was elected to the State Sen- 
ate for four years; in 1834, as a VVhig, was an un- 
successful candidate for Governor of the State; in 
1838 was re-nominated and was elected for two 
years; was re-elected tor two years; in 1843 resumed 
the practice of his profession at Auburn, attending 
chiefly to business in the Federal courts; in 1849 was 
chosen a Senator in Congress from New York for si.x 
years, and took his seat at the extra session called to 
consider the nominations of President Taylor; w;k re- 
elected in 1855, and held the position until he be- 
came Secretary of State, under President Lincoln, in 
1861; in 1860 was spoken of as a candidate for the 
Presidency, and during that year made a journey to 
Egypt and the Holy Land; on the night of the assas- 
sination of President Lincoln, April 14, 1865, while 
confined to his bed by serious illness, an attempt was 
made to take his life also; the assa.ssin, named Payne, 
inflicted a severe wound with a knife, from tlie ef- 
fects of which, after much suffering, he finally re- 
covered, and resumed his duties in the Cabinet; in 
1849 published tha "Life and Public Services of 



John Quincy Adams"; his own life and collected 
spooches were pulilished in four volumes, between 
18"i3 and 18:i2, edited by George E. Baker; in ISTl 
made the tour of the world. Died at Auburn, New 
York, October 10, 1872. 

Sewell, David ; was born at York, Maine, Octo- 
ber 7, 1735; graduated at Harvard University in 
17.")5; was a classmate and friend of John Adams; in 
1759 established himself at York and practiced law 
several years; was appointed Justice of the Peace in 
1762; became Register of Probate in 1766; took an 
active part in the Revolution in 1776; was a member 
of the Legislature; w;is chosen Councilor; in 1777 
was appointed a .Justice of the Superior Court; I'rom 
1789 to 1818 was Judge of the United States District 
Court of Maine ; received the degree of LL. D. from 
Bowdoin College in 1812. Died at York, Maine, Oc- 
tober 22, 1825. 

Sewell, James; was a Representative from Mary- 
land in the third session of the Twenty-seventh Con- 
gress, for the unexpired term of James W. Williams, 
deceased. 

Sewell, 'William J.; was born in Ireliiml in 
1835; came to the United States in 1851 and euijiiged 
in business in New York City; served in the Mer- 
chant Marine for a few years; then went to Chicago, 
Illinois, and engaged in business; entered the Union 
Army, in 18()1, as a Captain, and was mustered out 
of service, at the close of the war, as a Brevet Jlajor- 
General ; .served in the State Senate of New Jersey 
nine years, three years as President of the Senate; 
was a Delegate to the Republican National Conven- 
tions of 1876 and 1880; was elected a Senator of the 
United States from New Jersey for the term of six 
years from March 4, 1881. 

Sexton, Leonidas ; was born in Rushville, In- 
diana, May 19, 1827; received a classical education, 
graduating at Jefferson College, Pennsylvania; grad- 
uated at the Cincinnati Law School, and was admit- 
ted to the bar in 1850; entered upon the practice of 
law; was a Representative in the State Legislature 
in 1856; Lieutenant-Governor from 1373 to 1877; was 
elected a Representative from Indiana to the Forty- 
fifth Congress. 

Seybert, Adam ; was a citizen of Philadelphia; 
was a Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania 
from 1809 to 1815, and again from 1817 to 1819. 
Died at. Paris, France, May 2, 1825, beijueathing one 
thousand dollars for educating the deaf and dumb, 
and five hundred dollars to the Orphan Asylum in 
Philadelphia. He was a man of science, and waa 
particularly skillful as a chemist and mineralogist; 
piiblislied Statistical Annals of the United States 
from 178!) to 1818. 

Sesrmour, Augustus Sherrill ; was horn at 
Ithaca, New S'ork, November 30, 1836; graduated at 
Hamilton College in 1857, and from Judge Dwight's 
Law School in 1858; engaged in the practice of law 
in New Yorkt'ity; removed to Newberne, North Car- 
olina; was appointed Criminal .Judge of that city in 
1868; was a Representative in the State Legislature 
from 1868 to 1870; was a m(!ml)cr of the State Con- 
stitutional Convention of 1871; State Senator from 
1872 to 1874; Judge of the State Superior Court from 
1874 to 1882; resigned to enter upon the duties of 
United States District Judge, to which position he 
was, in the latter year, appointed. " 

Seym.our, David L.; was born in Connecticut 
in 1802; removed to New York; in 1836 was a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature; was a Master in Chan- 



41(i 



BlUGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



eery; was a Representative iu Congress from New 
York from 1843 to 1845, and from 1851 to 1853; was 
a Delegate to the "State Constitutional Convention " 
<>r 1 SG7. Died at Lanesborough, Mass.ieluisetts, Octo- 
btM- a, 1867. 

Saymoui', Edward W.; was born at Litchfield. 
Cii;uiecticut, August 3(1. l-<3-i; received a classical 
€iUu'ation, graduating Iroiii Yale College in 18.'33; 
studied law; wa.s admitted to the bar in 1856, and 
commenced practice at Litchfield: was a Representa- 
tive in the State Legislature in 1851), 186(1, 1870, and 
1871; in 1875 removed to Bridgeport. Connecticut; 
in 1876 was a Stat« Senator; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Connecticut to the Fortyeighth Con- 
gre.ss; was re-elected to the Forty-niuth Congress. 

Seymour, Horatio ; was born in Litchfield, Con- 
necticut, May 31, 1778; graduated at Yale College in 
1797; studied law at the Litchfield School, and set- 
tled in Middlcliury, Vermont; was a .Tudge of Pro- 
bate; member of the Council: wa.s a Senator in Con- 
gress from Vermont from 1S21 to 1833, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee ou Agriculture. Died at 
Middlebury, November 21, 1857. The Governor of 
New York bearing the same name was his nephew. 

Seymour, Horatio ; was born in Onondaga 
County, New York, in 1811; studied law. and prac- 
ticed at Utica, New York; soon gave his whole atten- 
tion to the care of his estates ; was a member of the 
New York State Assembly in 1841; was JIayor of 
Ctiea in 1842; was Speaker of the lower house of the 
Legislature in 1845; was Governor of New York from 
185'! t) H'<5. and from 1863 to 1865; was an advocate 
of concession towards the South in 1861, which he 
maintained in several public addresses; was President 
of the National Democratic Convention at Chicago in 
1864; in that year was again a candidate for Gov- 
ernor, but was defeated ; was President of the Demo- 
cratic National Convention in 1868; in the same year 
was nominated for the Presidency of the United 
States, but received only eighty electoral votes, and 
■was defeated by General Grant; received the degree 
of LL. D. from Hamilton College in 1858. 

Seymour, Origen S.; was born in Litchfield. 
■Connecticut, in 1804; was a lawyer by profession; 
served in the State Legislature, and was Speaker in 
1850; was a Representative in Congress from Con- 
necticut from 1851 to 1855; in the latter year was 
appointed Judge of the Superior Court, holding the 
office until 1863; in 1870 was appointed a .Judge of 
■tiie Supreme Court of Errors; in 1873 was appointed 
Chief ( ustice of the same and continued in that posi- 
tion until disqualified by the Constitutional limita- 
tion of age. Died, at Litchfield, August 12, 1881. 

Seymour, Thomas H.; was born in Hartford, 
Connecticut, in 1808; was educated at the Middle- 
town Military Academy; studied law, and practiced 
the profession in Hartford; was, for several years, the 
editor of a leading paper; was a .Tudge of Probate; 
was a Representative in Congress from Connecticut, 
from 1843 to 1845; in 1846 went to Mexico as a Ma- 
jor of the New England Regiment, which he com- 
manded after the fall of Colonel Ransom; was with 
General Scott at the City of Mexico; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1852; was elected Governor of the State of 
Connecticut in 1850, and was three times re-elected; 
■was appointed, by President I'ierce, Minister to 
Russia. Died at Hartford, Connecticut, September 3 
1868. 

Seymour, "William ; was born in Connecticut; 
seri'ed as a member of the New York Assembly iu 
,1832 and 1834; was a Representative in Congress 
irom 1835 to 1837. 



Seys, John ; was a citizen of Ohio; in 1866 was 
appointed Minister Resident and Consul General to 
Liberia, where he remained nntil 1870, when he re- 
turned to the United States. 

Shad'wick, "William ; was a member of Con- 
gress from North Carolina during the years 1796 and 
1797. 

Shafer, Jacob K.; was born in Rockingham 
County, Virginia, December 26, 1823; was educated 
at Washington College, and in a law school at Staun- 
ton, Virginia; in 1849 removed to Stockton, Califor- 
nia; in 1850 was elected District Attorney; in 1852 
was elected -ilayor of Stockton ; in 1853 was Judge 
of San Joaquin County, and continued in otfice until 
1862, when he removed to Washington Territory; 
was elected Delegate from the Territory of Washing- 
ton to the Forty-first Congress. 

Shaler, "William; was United States Consul- 
General at Algiers, and negotiated a treaty with that 
power in 1815; in 1826 published "Sketches of Al- 
giers," which was very serviceable to the French in 
their operations against that country; also published 
a paper ou the language of the Berbers in Africa, in 
the Phil. Trans. ; was A. M. of New Jersey College 
in 1828; was United States Consul at Havana, and 
died there March 29, 1833, aged fifty-five years. 

Shallenberger, "William S.; was horn at Mount 
Pleasant, Pennsylvania, November 24, 1839; was 
educated in the public schools and at Lewisburg 
University ; engaged in mercantile pursuits; served 
in the Union Army from 1862 to 1864, being mus- 
tered out on account of disability from wounds; was 
Chairman of the Beaver County Republican Commit- 
tee in 1872 and 1874 ; was elected a Representative 
from Pennsylvania to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth and 
Forty -seventh Congresses. 

Shanklin, George S.; wasa Presidential Elector 
in 1864; was elected a Representative from Ken- 
tucky to the Thirty-ninth Congi-ess, serving on the 
Committees on the Death of President Lincoln, the 
District of Columbia, and the Memphis Riot. De- 
clined to give the author of any information. 

Shanks, John P. C; was born in Martinsburg, 
Virginia, June 17, 1826; was, for the most part, self- 
educated; removed to Indiana, where he studied law; 
commenced practice in 1850; was elected to the In- 
diana Legislature in 1853 and 1854; in 1861) was 
elected a Representatives from Indiana to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Private Land Claims, and on Agriculture; visited the 
field of Bull Run in July, 1861, as a spectator, but 
became a participant; during the subsequent recess 
of Congress, served in Missouri as a member of Gen- 
eral Fremont's Staff, performing some other military 
service until he resumed his seat in Congress, in De- 
cember, 1861; was a Deleg.ate to the Pittsburgh 
"Soldiers' Convention" of 18116; again elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Union Prisoners, and on those ou the 
Militia and Indian Atifirirs; was re-elected to the 
Forty-first, Forty-second, and Forty -third Congresses ; 
in March, 1875, was appointed an Indian Agent, with 
a compensation often dollars per day. 

Shannon, Peter C.; was born in Pennsyl- 
vania; was appointed, from that State, Chief Justice 
of the Supreme Coru-t for the Territory of Dakota. 

Shannon, Thomas ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Ohio in 1826 and 1827. 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



447 



Shannon, Thomas B.; was born in Westmore- 
land County, Pennsyhaiiiu, in 1827; emigrated to 
Illinois in 1844; in 1849 removed to California; from 
1854 to 1861 was engaged in merchandising; served 
four sessions in the Calilornia Legislature; in 1863 
•was elected a Representative from California to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Indian Affairs; was a member of the National Com- 
mittee appointed to accompany the remains of Presi- 
dent Lincoln to Illinois; was subsequently appointed 
Collector of Customs at San Francisco. 

Shannon, "Wilson ; was born in Belmont Coun- 
ty, Ohio, February 24, 1802; was educated at Athens 
College, Ohio, and Transylvania University, Ken- 
tucky; adopted the profession of the law; in 1835 
was Prosecuting Attorney for the State of Ohio; was 
elected Governor of Ohio in 1837, and again in 1842; 
in 1844 was appointed, by President Tyler, United 
States Minister to Mexico; was a Representative in 
Congress from Ohio from 18,53 to 1855; in 1855 was 
appointed, by President Pierce, Governor of the Ter- 
ritory of Kansas. 

Sharkey, "William L.; was Presiding Judge of 
the High Court of Errors in Mississippi; was Pro- 
visional Governor of Mississippi in 1865 and 1866. 
Died in "Washington, District of Columbia, April 29, 
1873, in the eighty-third year of his age. 

Sharon, 'Williani; was bom at Smithfield, 
Ohio, January 9, 1821; received a good education; 
prepared himself for the legal profession, but relin- 
quished it to enter the banking business; on remov- 
ing to Nevada became largely interested in mining 
operations; the only public position of a political 
character he ever accepted, was that of a Senator in 
Congress from Nevada, to which he was elected for 
the term beginning in 1875 and ending in 1881; was 
largely interested in the financial affairs of the Pacific 
Slope; was Trustee of the Bank of California, and 
during the troubles of that institution, arising out of 
the death of the late President, he did more than any 
other man to bring its affairs to a satisfactory settle- 
ment. Died November 13, 1885. 

Sharp, Solomon P.; was born in "Virginia in 
1780; removed to Kentucky when a child; received a 
limited education; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar when nineteen years of age; served a number 
of years in the State Legislature; was Attorney-Gen- 
eral of the State; was a Representative in Congress 
from Kentucky from 1813 to 1817; fell by the hand 
of an assassin, while a member of the Legislature, in 
November, 1835; a legislative reward of three thou- 
sand dollars was offered for the arrest of the mur- 
derer. 

Sharpe, Peter ; was a resident of New York 
State; was a member of the St.ite Constitutional 
Convention of 1813; was a Representative in the 
New York Legislature from 1814 to 1820, serving, 
during several sessions, as Speaker of the House; 
was a Representative in Congress from New York 
from 1821 to 1823; in 1827 was a member of the 
"Tariff Convention." 

Sharpe, "William ; was born in CecQ County, 
Maryland, December 1,3, 1742; removed to Macklen- 
burg. North Carolina, at the age of twenty-one; was 
a lawyer, and a patriot of the Revolution; was a 
Delegate to the Provincial Congress in 1775 and 1776; 
was .\id-de-camp to General Rutherford in the Indian 
campaign of 1776, and was one of tlie Commissioners 
who made a treaty with them in 1777; was a Repre- 
sentative from North Carolina to the Continental 
Congress from 1779 to 1782. Died in Iredell County, 
North Carolina, July, 1818. 



Shaver, Leonidas ; was an early emigrant to 
Utah; in 1853 was appointed an Associate Justice of 
the United States Court for the Territory of Utah. 

Sha-w, Aaron; was born in Orange County, 
New York, in 1^*11; received an academic education; 
taught school at Warwick, in his native county, at 
the age of sixteen; read law for three years; removed 
to Vincennes, Indiana, in 1831, and continued the 
study of law; was admitted to the bar in 1633, when 
he removed to Lawrenceville, Illinois, and com- 
menced practice; in 1836 was chosen a Delegate to 
the first Internal Improvement Convention held in 
the State; was, soon after, elected, by the Legisla- 
ture, State's Attorney for the Fourth Judicial Cir- 
cuit; served one term and declined a re-nomination; 
served several terms in the State Legislature, and was 
an earnest advocate of internal improvements; was 
elected a Representative from Illinois to the Thirty- 
fifth Congress, and served one term; was then elected 
Circuit Judge, and served six years; continued the 
practice of his prole.ssion at Oluey, Illinois, to which 
place he gave its name, in honor of his friend, Na- 
than Olney; was elected a Representative from Illi- 
nois to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Sha'wr, Frank T.; was born at "Woodsborough, 
Frederick County, Maryland, October 7, 1841; re- 
ceived a common school education; graduated from 
the medical department of the University of Mary- 
land in 1864; located at Uniontown, Carroll County, 
Maryland, where he practiced his profession until 
November, 1873; in that year was elected Clerk of 
the Circuit Court for Carroll County for the term of 
six years; was re-elected in 1879 ; in 1880 was nom- 
inated for Representative in the Forty-seventh Con- 
gress, but declined; was one of the managers of the 
Maryland House of Correction ; was, for many years, 
a member of the Democratic State Central Commit- 
tee of Maryland; in 1884 was elected a Representa- 
tive from Maryland to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Sha'w, Henry ; was born in Windham County, 
"V"ermont, in 1788; studied law with Judge Font, in 
Albany, New York, and settled in practice in Lane.s- 
borough, Berkshire County, Massachusetts, at the age 
of twenty-two; was nominated for Congress before he 
was eligible; in 1816 was elected a Rejiresentative 
from Massachusetts to th<- Sixteenth Congress; \oted 
for the Missouri Compromise, which prevented his 
re-election; was an intimate friend of Henry Clay, 
and a personal friend and acquaintance ol' ten of the 
Presidents of the United States; was a member of 
the Massachusetts Legislature for eighteen years; 
was also a member of the Governor's Council; was 
the pioneer in the manufacturing prosperity of west- 
ern Massachusetts; in 1833 was a Presidential I^lcc- 
tor; in 184'^t removed to New York, and resided at 
Fort Washington, on the Hudson; was a meinhcr of 
the Board of Education in New "Ifork City, an<l two 
years in the Common Council; in 1853 was electiJ a 
member of the New York .Assembly; remo\ed to 
Newburg, New York, in 1854, where he resided until 
within a few months of his death, which occurred at 
PeekskiU, October 17, 1857. 

Shaw, Henry M.; was bom at Newport, Rhode 
Island, November 20, 1819; studied medicine, and 
graduated at the University of Pennsylvania; re- 
moved to North Carolina; was a State Senator in 
1852; was a Representative from North Carolina to 
the Thirty-third and Thirty-fifth Congresses, and 
was a member of the Committees on Manufactures 
and Revolutionary Pensions; during the War of the 
Rebellion served as a Colonel in the Confederate 
Army, and was killed near Newbeme, North Caro- 
lina, in February, 1864. 



448 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Shaw, Samuel; was born in Dighton, Massa- 
chusetts, in December, 1768; removed to Putney, 
Vermont, at the age of ten years; received a limited 
education; commenced the study of medicine at the 
age of seventeen; in two years entered upon the 
practice of his profession at Castleton, Vermont, and 
became eminent as a surgeon; early entered into pol- 
itics, and was one of the victims of the Sedition law; 
for his denunciation of the administration of John 
Adams was imprisoned; was liberated hy the people 
without the forms of law; in 1799 was returned as a 
member of the Vermont Legislature; was, for some 
time, a member of the State Council; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Verirout from 1808 to 
1813, having succeeded J. Wetherell, resigned; was a 
personal friend of Presidents Jefferson and Madison, 
and gave his earnest support to the measures for the 
prosecution of the war with Great Britain; on his re- 
tirement from Congress was appointed Surgeon in the 
army, and removed to tlie city of New York; was 
subsequently stationed at Greenbush, St. Louis, and 
at Norfolk, and held this office until 1816; as an in- 
stance of his physical endurance, it may be men- 
tioned that, on one occasion, he rode on horseback 
from St. Louis, Missouri, to Allrany, New York, in 
twenty-nine consecutive days. Died at Clarendon, 
Vermont, October 22, 1827. 

Shavr, Tristam ; was born in New Hampshire 
in 1787; w;is a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1839 to 1843. Died at Exeter, New 
Hampshire, March 14, 1843. 

Sheafe, James ; was born in 17.'i5; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from New Hampshire from 
1799 to 1801; was a Senator in Congress in ISOl and 
1802, resigning June, 1802. Died at Portsmouth, 
NeW Hampshire, in ls99. 

Sheakley, James ; was born near tlie village of 
Sheakleyville, Mercer County, Pennsyivania, April 
24, 1830; was reared on a farm, and educated at a 
common school; in 1850 went to California, wliere he 
spent three years; returned to Penn.sylvauia in 1854 and 
engaged in mercantile pursuits; was, for many years, 
extensively engaged in the petroleum trade; was, for 
fifteen years, a member of the School Board in Green- 
ville, Mercer County ; in 1874 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-fourth 
Congress. 

Sheats, Cliarles Christopher ; was born in 

"Walker County, .\laliiuua, April 10, 1«39; received a 
good education; \va.s elec^ted to the Secession Conven- 
tion in IHOO, and was one of the .seventeen who 
refused to sinn the ordinance of separation; was 
elected to the State Legislature in IWtil; in 1862 was 
expelled for his adlierence to Unionism; was indicted 
for treason to the Confederate Government and im- 
prisoned in 1862; could not obtain a trial, and was 
kept in close contiuement until the close of the war; 
was elected a member of the Alalxinui Constitutional 
Convention in 1865; was admitted to the bar in 1867; 
was a Presidental Elector in 18(i8; was appointed 
Consul at Elsinore, Denmark, in 1869; was elected a 
Representative from Alabama to the Forty-third Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Mines and Min- 
ing, and Department of Justice; in March, 1875, was 
appointed Sixth Auditor of the United States Treas- 
ury, but, in a few mouths, was requested to resign. 

Shaffer, Daniel; was born in Pennsylvania; was 
a Representative to Congress from that State from 
18;i7 to 1839. 



Sheffey, Daniel ; was born at Frederick, Mary- 
land, in 1770; received a limited education; was 
bred' to the trade of a shoemaker; settled in Augusta, 
Virginia; afterwards studied law, engaged in a lucra- 
tive practice, and frequently represented his County 
in the House of Delegates; was a Representative in 
Congress from Virginia from 1809 to 1817, and took 
a high rank; his speech in favor of the renewal of the 
first Bank of the United States was a masterly pro- 
duction; was opposed to the war of 1812. Died at 
his home, December 3, 1830. 

Sheffield, "William P.; was born at New Shore- 
ham (Block Island) Newport County, Rhode Island, 
August 30, 182:): his education was obtained fii-st at 
Kingston Academy, and then from a private tutor; 
studied law at Hartford University, and was admits 
ted to the bar in 1844; in 1841 and in 1842 was 
elected to Conventions called to frame a State Consti- 
tution; in 1845 was elected, from his native town, a 
member of the State Assembly; removing his resi- 
deuce to Tiverton, was again elected to the Assembly 
in 1849, where he continued to serve until 1853, when 
he resigned his seat, and settled in Newport; that 
city he represented in the Assembly from 1857 to 
1861, when he was elected a Representative from 
Rhode Island to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serv- 
ing as a member of the Committees on Commerce, 
and on Foreign Affairs; in 1869 was appointed one of 
the Commissioners to revise the laws of Rhode Island. 

Shel^barger, Samuel; was born in Clarke 
County, Ohio, December 10, 1817; graduated at the 
Miami University, Ohio, in 1841 ; adopted the profes- 
sion of the law; was a member of the Ohio Legisla^ 
ture in 1852 and 1853; was elected a Representative 
from Ohio to the Tliirty-seventh Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Expenses in the Interior Depart- 
ment; in 1864 was elected to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Elections and 
Expenditures in the State Department, and the 
Special Committees on the Civil Service and the New 
Orleans Riots, and as Chairman of the Committee on 
the Provost Marshal Bureau; was a Delegate to the 
"Philadelphia Loyalists' Convention " of 1866; was 
re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on the Assassination of President Lincoln; 
was re-elected to the Forty-first and Forty-second 
Congresses, serving as Cliairman of the Committee on 
Commerce. 

Shelby, Isaac ; was born near Hagerstown, 
Maryland, December 11, 1750; received an ordinary 
English education, and became a surveyor in West- 
ern Virginia; in 1774 was Lieutenant in his father's 
company at the battle of Point Pleasant, Virginia; 
was a Ca])tain in 1776; was made Commissary in 
1777; was a member of the Legislature in 1779; was 
commissioned a Major by Governor Jefferson; in 1780 
was made Colonel, and defeated Major Ferguson at 
the battle of King's Mountain; was at the action of 
Musgrove's Mills; served under Marion in 1781; then 
joined Greene; was a member of the Legislature of 
North Carolina in 1781 and 1782; received a vote of 
thanks and a sword from that body; in 1788 settled 
at " Traveler's Rest," Kentucky; was Governor of 
Kentucky from 1792 to 1796, after its separation from 
Virginia; in 1813 joined General Harrison, and was 
at the battle of the Thames, for which service he was 
granted a gold medal by Congress; was appointed, 
by President Monroe, Secretary of "War, but declined 
on account of his age; in 1818 was a Commissioner, 
with General Jackson, to treat with the Cherokee 
Indians ; a county in Kentucky and a college in 
1 Shelbyville were named for him. Died in Lincoln 
I County, Kentucky, July 18, 1826. 



IJIOUK APHIC.VL ANNALS. 



449 



Sheldon, A. W.; was bom at Granville, Oliio, 
July 18, 1842; was educated at Denison University 
and at Columbia College Law School; enlisted in the 
Union Army in April, 1861, and served throughout 
the war, rising to the rank of Lieutenaut-Colonel< 
and being mustered out of serrice in March, 186G, 
engaged in journalism for two years, and then en- 
gaged ill the practice of law in New York City; was 
Attorney of the New York Prison Association from 
1871 to 1878; was Judge Advocate of the First Divi- 
sion of the National Guard of the State of New York, 
with the rauk of Colonel, from 1875 to 1881; was 
Judge Advocate of the Department of New York, 
(irand Army of the Republic, in 1877 and 1878; in 
1881 renuned to Baltimore, Maryland, and became 
editor of the Baltimore Herald; in April, 1883, was 
apiM)iuted, by the President, an Associate Justice of 
the Supreme Court of Arizona Territory. 

Sheldon, Lionel A.; was born at Worcester, 
Otsego County, New York, August ;{0, 1829; went, 
with his parents, to Ohio in 1833; worked on a farm 
and acquired a common school education; taught 
school for several years; studied law, and came to 
the bar in 1851, after which he attended the Law 
School at Poughkeepsie, New York; served one terra 
iis Judge of Probate in Lorain County, Ohio; was a 
Delegate to the '■ Philadelphia Convcution " of 1856; 
ia 18G1 entered the volunteer army as a Captain; 
was soon promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, 
and in that capacity served in eastern Kentucky, the 
Cumberland Gap expedition, and the Vicksbnrg ex- 
pedition, participating in the battles of Chickasaw 
Hlntfs and Port Gibson, in the latter of which he 
was wounded; also saw much service in Louisiana, 
Arkansas, and Mississippi, and at the close of the 
war was brevetted a Brigadier-General; subsequently 
settled in New Orleans, Louisiana, and devoted him- 
self to his profession; in 1868 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Louisiana to the Forty-first Congress; 
was re-elected to the two succeeding Congresses, 
serving on many Committees, and as Chairman of 
that on Militia; in May, 1881, was appointed, by 
President Garfield, Governor of the Territory of New 
Mexico. 

Sheldon, Porter ; was bom at Victor, Ontario 
County, New York, September 29, 1831 ; studied law, 
and came to the bar in 1854; practiced his profession 
at Randolph, New York, until 1857, when he re- 
moved to Rockford, Illinois, where he continued the 
^ practice of his profession until 1865, when he re- 
turned to Chautauqua, in his native State; in 1862 
was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 
Illinois; in 1868 was elected a Representative from 
New York to the Forty-tirst Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Foreign Affairs and Retrench- 
ment. 

Shelley, Charles M.; was born in Sullivan 
County, Tennessee, December 28, 1833; removed, 
with his father, to Alabama in 1836; received a lim- 
ited education; became an architect and builder; en- 
tered the Confederate Army in 1861, and rose to the 
rank of Brigadier-General; alter the close of the war 
resumed his occupation at Selma. .Vlabama; was 
elected a Representative from Alabama to the Forty- 
fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth 
Congresses; in May, 1885, was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Cleveland, Fourth Auditor in the United States 
Treasury at Washington. 

Shepard, Charles B.; was born in Newberne, 
North Carolina, December 5, 1807; graduated at 
Chapel Hill in 1827; was elected to Congress in 1837, 
where he continaed to serve until 1841. Died in 
October, 1843. 
29 



Shepard, 'William; was born at Westfield, 
Massachusetts, December 1, 1737; at the age of sev- 
enteen enlisted in the military service; when twenty- 
one years old was a Lieutenant in the command of 
Cieneral .\bererombie, and a year later was promoted 
to a Captaincy under General .\mherst; served six 
years in the French War, taking part in the battles 
of Fort William Henry, Ticonderoga, Isle aux Noix, 
St. .lohns. and Montreal; at the close of the war re- 
turned to Westfield and to civilian pursuits; at iho 
commencement of the War of the Revolution, in 
1775, he entered the Colonial Army as a Lieutenant - 
Colonel; in 1777 was commissioned a Colonel, and in 
1780 was promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General 
under Cieneral Lafayette ; served under General 
Washington for a long time; participated in twenty- 
two engagements, and remained in the service until 
the close of the war, in 1783; after the war, was a 
Bi igadier-General of Militia; in 1785 and 1786 was a 
Representative in the Massachusetts Legislature; in 
the latter year was appointed a Major-General, an<l 
in the same year was summoned from his farm to 
assume command of the National forces at Spring- 
field, Massachusetts, on the outbreak of the Sliay 
Rebellion; his gallant, and successful, defence of the 
Springfield Arsenal was largely instrumental in sup- 
pressing the insurrection and, on February 5, 1"87, 
the General Court of Massachusetts passed a resolu- 
tion complimenting General Shepard and his com- 
mand for their gallantry ; he was appointed, by the 
Governor of Massachusetts, to treat with the Penob- 
scot Indians, and by the National authorities to treat 
with the Six Nations; was a I'residential Elector in 
1788 and 1792; was a member of the State E,xecutive 
Council from 1792 to 1796; was a Representative from 
Massachusetts to the National Congress from May 15, 
1793, to March 3, 1803. Died at Westfield, Massa- 
chusetts, November 11, 1817. 

Shepard, "William B.; was boru at Newberne, 
North Carolina, in 1799; was educated at Chapel 
Hill; studied law, and became eminent in his profes- 
sion; was a Representative in Congress from 1827 to 
1837, when he declined a re-election; iu 1838 was 
elected to the State Senate, where he served five 
terms. Died at Elizabeth City, June 20, 1852. 

Shepherd, Alexander R.; was born in Wash- 
ington City, January 31, 1835; at the age of ten was 
apprenticed to a carpenter, and when seventeen, to 
the trade of a plumber; became a partner in the 
house of J. W. Thompson & Co., and finally succeeded 
to the business in his own name; when the Rebellion 
commenced was one of the first to volunteer his ser- 
vices; in 1861 entered the Common Council of Wash- 
ington, and became President of the Council; in 1867 
was appointed a member of the Levy Court; in 1869 
was one of a hundred appointed to draft a bill for the 
union of the District of Columbia; in 1870 became 
President of the Citizen's Reform Association, and 
was also elected an Alderman; in 1871 was appointed 
a member of the Board of Public Works, and was 
Vice-President; while he was in that ofiice, Washing- 
ton was transformed in its appearance, from an old 
into a new city, and to his energy, executive ability, 
and unflinching courage, the people of the United 
States are indebted for a Capitol which is the pride 
of the Nation ; in 1873 was appointed the second Gov- 
ernor of the District of Columbia; remained in office 
until the form of Government was again changed; it 
is claimed for him that he eree*M>d more than one 
thousand houses in Washington, at a cost of five mil- 
lions of dollars; lost all his property in real estate 
speculations in Washington; became interested in 
silver mines in Mexico, and jiersonally superintended 
the working of the mines. 



450 



BIOUKAi-HICAL ANiJALS. 



Shepherd, 'Willlain; was born in Massachu- 
setts, December 1, 1737; served six years as a Cap- 
tain in the Revolutionary Army, and distinguished 
himself at William Henry and Crown Point; in 1783 
was chosen a Brigadier-General, having fought in 
twenty-two battles; was subsequently a Major-Gen- 
eral of Militia; was a Representative in Congress 
from 1797 to 1803. Died at Westfield, Massachu- 
setts, November 11, 1817. 

Shepley, Ether ; was born in Groton, Massachu- 
setts, November 2, 178!): graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 1811; studied lavr, and commenced the 
practice in Saco; subsequently settled in Portland, 
Maine; was in the Massachusetts Legislature in 
1819; was a member of the Convention that framed 
the first Constitution of Maine in 1820; was, for 
thirteen years, Attorney of the United States for 
Maine; was a Senator in Congress from Maine from 
18:!3 to 1836; after leaving the Senate of the United 
States was chosen a .Justice of the Supreme Court of 
Maine, and subsequently Chief Justice of the same, 
which latter position he held until 1855; while on 
the bench be furnished the materials for twenty-six 
volumes of Reports, and, as sole Commissioner, was 
appointed to revise the Statutes of Maine; was Trus- 
tee of Bowdoin College, from which institution he 
received the degree of LL.D. 

Shepley, Geo"^ Foster; was born in Saco, 

Maine, ,Tannary 1. , 111; graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 1837; studii-d law at Harvard Law School. 
and at Portland, Maine; began to practice law at 
Bangor, Maine, in 1840; removed to Portland; was 
appointed, by President Polk, United States District 
Attorney, which position he held until 18.J1; when 
the Civil War broke out became Colonel of the 
Twelfth Maine Volunteers; acted as Commander ot 
a brigade in General Butler's expedition; was made 
Commandant of the City of New Orleans on its sur- 
render; was made Brigadier-General; was Military 
Governor of Louisiana from June, 186'i, to 1864 ; was 
Military Governor of Richmond, Virginia, on its sur- 
render in 1865; resigned July 1, 1865, and resumed 
the practice of law in Portland; in 1871 was United 
.States Circuit ,Tudge of the First Circuit. Died at 
his home July 21, 1878. 

Sheplor, Matthias ; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from Ohio from 
1837 to 1839. 

Shepperd, Augustus H.; was bom in Snrry 
County, North Carolina; was educated as a lawyer; 
served in the House of Commons of North Carolina 
from 1822 to 1826; was a Representative in Congress 
from 1829 to 1839,' from 1841 to 1843, and again from 
1847 to 18.ll. 

Sherburne, John S.; was born in New Hamp- 
shire in 17.">7; graduated at Dartmouth College in 
1776; attended the Law ^>oliool at Harvard; was a 
Representative in Congress from New Hampshire 
from 1793 to 1797; was United States District Attor- 
ney in 1803, and Judge of the United States District 
Court, from 18(13 to 1830. Died in 1830. 

Sherburne, Moses; was an early emigrant to 
Minnesota; in 18.53 was appointed an As.sociate Jus- 
tice of the United States Court for Minnesota. 

Sheredine, Upton; was a Representative in 
Congress from Mar\ land from 1791 to 1793. 

Sherman, Buren R.; was bom at Phelps, On- 
tario County, New York, May 28, 18.36; received a 
comnjon school education; removed to Elraira, New 
Tork, and was apprenticed to tlie tn'ilp of a watch- 



maker; in 1855 removed to Iowa and settled in Tama 
County; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 
1859 and engaged in practice at Vinton, Iowa; in 
18G1 entered the Union Army as a private and rose to 
the rank of Captain ; was severely wounded at the 
battle of Shiloh, and left on the field to die; recov- 
ered and returned to duty, but was compelled to re- 
sign, in 1863, on account of his wounds; was, at dif- 
ferent times, elected County Judge and Clerk of the 
Courts; in 1874 was elected State Auditor, and was 
twice re-elected, serving until 1881; in the latter 
year was elected Governor of Iowa for a term of two 
years, and was re-elected in 1883. 

Sherman, Charles Taylor ; was born at Nor- 
walk, Connecticut, February 3, 1811; was the eldest 
brother of William Tecumseh Sherman and Jolin 
Sherman; in his infancy, was removed, by his par- 
ents, to Lancaster, Ohio; received such early educa- 
tion as the limited facilities of a frontier village 
afforded; prepared for college at the Lancaster Acad- 
emy; in 1827 entered the Sophomore Class of the 
Ohio University, at Athens, Ohio; graduated in 1830; 
immediately entered upon the study of law at Day- 
ton, Ohio, where he passed one year; then removed 
to Mansfield, Ohio, and continued his studies; in 
1833 was admitted to the bar and engaged in the 
practice of law at Mansfield; was very successful and 
soon secured a lucrative business; contributed large- 
ly, in money, labor, and personal influence, to the 
successful construction of the Sandusky, Mansfield and 
Newark, and Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne and Chicago 
Railroads; was a Director in both organizations, and 
was, tor a long time. General Solicitor of the latter 
company; at the breaking out of the C ivil War, be- 
came Commandant of a large military camp at Mans- 
field, where he organized, and sent to the field, sev- 
eral regiments of troops: was appointed, by President 
Lincoln, member of a commission to adjudicate war 
claims at St. Louis, Missouri; in 1866 became one of 
the first Government Directors of the Union Pacific 
Railroad Company; in March, 1867, was appointed, 
by President .Johnson, United States District Judge 
for the Northern District of Ohio; resigned in Decem- 
ber. 1872, because of ill-health. Died at Cleveland, 
Ohio, January 1, 1879. 

Sherman, John ; was born in Lancaster, Ohio, 
May 10, 1823; received a liberal education; adopted 
the profession of the law, and came to the bar in 
1844; in 1848 and 1852 was a Delegate to the Whig 
Conventions of those years; in 1854 was elected a 
Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-fourth Con- 
gress; was re-elected to the Tliirty-fifth Congress; on 
being returned to the Thirty-sixth Congress, was the 
Republican candidate for Speaker, and after an un- 
precedented contest, lacked but one or two votes of 
election: during that Congress was Chairman of the 
Committee on Ways and Means; in 1860 was elected 
to the Thirty-seventh Congress; in 1861, on the resig- 
nation of Senator Chase, was chosen a Senator in Con- 
gress, seiring as Chairman of the Committees on 
Agriculture, and on Finance, and as a member of 
those on the Pacific Railroad and the .ludiciary; in 
January, 1866 was re-elected to the Senate for the 
term ending in 1873, serving again at the head of the 
Finance Committee, and on those on the Patent 
Office and the Pacific Railroad; was re-elected for the 
term ending in 1879; was Secretary of the Treasury, 
in the Cabinet of President Hayes, from 1877 to 1881, 
resigning his seat in the Senate to accept that po- 
sition; was again elected United States Senator in 
1880. for the term ending in 1887; December 7, 1885, 
w.as elected President pro ton. of the Senate, thus be- 
coming the virtual Vice-President of the United 
States. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



451 



Shernnan, J. W.; w:i.s boru in New York; was 
elected a Kejireseutative from that Sfcite to the 
Tliirty-lil'tli Congress, and was a member of the Com- 
mittee on Unfinished Business. 

Sherman, Roger ; was born at Newton, Massa- 
chusetts, April 19, 1721: had no advantages of edu- 
cation, yet was eager in the pursuit of knowledge, and 
when apprenticed to a .shoemaker, often had a book 
open belbre him while at his work; in 1T4:> removed 
to New Milford, Conuceticut, carrying his tools upon 
his back; soon relinquished his trade, however, and 
■was. for a time, engaged in mercantile ]Hirsuits; af- 
terwards studied law; settled in New Haven, Con- 
necticut, and was admitted to the bar in IT.M; was 
Judge of the County, Superior and Supreme Courts 
for a period of twenty-three years; was a member of 
the First Congres.?, in 1774, and continued in Con- 
gress for many years; signed the Declaratiira of Inde- 
pendence in 177(), and also the Articles of Confedera- 
tion and the Cousiitution; after the adoption of the 
Constitution of the United States, in regard to which 
he took a prominent p.art, was elected a Kepresentative 
in Congress from ('ounecticut; was cho.seu a Senator 
of the United States in 1791. continuing in that 
station until his death, .Tnly 211 179:!, He was a pro- 
found and sagacious statesman, an able and u[)right 
,Indge, and an exemplary Christian; was made Master 
of Arts 1)v Yale College, and was Treasurer of that 
institution from 176t) to 1776. 

Sherman, Robert Minot ; wa> born at Wolnirn, 
Massachusetts, May 22, 177:i; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1792; was a tutor iu that institution in 1795; 
was admitted to the bar in 1796. and opened an office 
in Fairlie'd, where he resided during the remainder 
of his life, and gained a lucrative practice; was a 
member of the General Assembly in 1798; was a 
member of the .State Senate from 1814 to 1818: was a 
Delegate to the Hartfor<l Convention in 1S14; re- 
ceived the degree of LL.D. from Yale College iu 1829; 
was a ,1 iidge of the Superior Court and the Supreme 
Court ol' F.rrors from 1840 to 1842. Died at Fairfield, 
December 30, 1844. 

Sherman, Socrates N.; was born in Vermont; 
vvas elected a Representative from New Y'ork to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Expenditures iu the Interior Department. 

Sherman, 'William Teeumseh ; was born at 

M:iustield. Ohio. February 8, 1^20; gradnated at 
United States Military Academy at \Vest I'oint, .New 
Y'ork, in 1840; entered the Artillery and served in 
Florida; became First Lieutenant in 1841 : Captain in 
1850; resigned in IS,'):',; subsequently removed to Cal- 
ifornia and was a broker in San Francisco; afterwards 
practiced law in Kansas; in 18(;o became Superin- 
tendent of a Military Academy founded by the State 
of Louisiana; in 18fil was appointed a Colonel of In- 
fantry in the United States army and commanded a 
Brigade at Bull Run; was made Brigadier-General of 
Volunteers, and had command of the Kentucky De- 
partment; having expressed the opinion that it 
would take two luindred thousand men to clear that 
region of rebels, he was considered insaneand relieved 
of his command; in 1862 joined the army of Tennes- 
see, and rendered very important aid at Shiloh, 
where he was wounded and had three horses shot 
under him; was made a Major-General and took a 
leading part at Corinth, at Memphis, and in the 
Vicksburg Campaign, at Chattanooga, Knoxville, 
and indeed in all the important operations of that 
entire region; in 186 1 made one of the most famous 
military marches of modern times, going from At- 
lanta to the Savannah, with sixty thousand men, 



which great enterprise soon brought the war to a 
conclusion; was made Brigadier-General in the 
United States army in 1863, M.ijor-Gencral in 18G4, 
Lieutenant-General in 1866, and Gencral-in-Chief of 
the army in 1 isij9 ; September 9, Ib(;9, was appointed 
Secretar\- of War, but retained the office but a short 
time; in 1875 published a " Memoir of his Life and 
Campaign," in two volumes, which attracted very 
great attention from the public press; in November, 
1883, was plai ed upon the retired list of the army, 

Sherrill, Eliakim ; was born in New York; wa-s 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1847 to 1.^^49, and was a member of the Committee 
on .Manufactures; served as an officer in the Rebellion, 
and was killed at the Battle of Gettysburg. 

Sherrod, 'William C; was born in Courtland, 
Alabama, August 17, 1835; was educated at Chapel 
Hill College, North Carolina; was a cotton planter; 
served in the State Legislature of Alabama in 18.')9 
and 18C0: was a member of the "National Demo- 
cratic Convention" at Charleston in 18(;0; was an 
officer in the Confederate Army during the Civil 
war; was elected a Representative from Alabama to 
the Forty-first Congress, serving on several commit- 
tees. 

Sher'wrin, John C; was born in Saint Lawrence 
Cumity, New York, February 8. 1838; received an 
academic education; studied law; removed to Illinois, 
and was twice elected County Clerk of Kane County; 
w;us City .\ttorney of Aurora. Illinois; served three 
years in the Union army during the War of tlie Re- 
bellion; was elected a Representative from Illinois to 
the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Sher'wood, Henry ; was born in Bridgeport, 

Connecticut, October 9, 1817; devoted himself to the 
practice of law during twenty -four years; was elected 
to the Forty-second Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on the Revision of Laws. 

Sherwood, Isaac R. ; was born in Dntclie.sa 
County, New York, August 13, 1835; was educated 
at .Vntioch College, Ohio, and at the Cleveland 1 aw 
Institute; in 18.57 located at Bryan, Ohio, where he 
e.stal)lished the Williams County Gazelle; in 1859 was 
elected Probate ,Tudge of "Williams County, which 
position he resigned to enter the army in 1861; aft«i 
.serving in the ranks for four months, in West Vir- 
ginia, was appointed Adjutant in 1862; was commis- 
sioned Major in 1863; participated in the East Ten- 
nessee campaign; was promoted to Lieutenant-Colo- 
nel in 1^(14. and commanded his regiment to the 
close of the war, receiving a brevet of Brigadier-Gen- 
eral lor gallant and meritorious services; edited the 
Toledo Commercinl, and was an editorial writer on 
the Cleveland Leader: was elected Secretary of State 
for Ohio in 1868, and re-elected in 1870; was elected 
a Representative from Ohio to the Forty-third Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Railways and 
C'anals, 

Sher'wood, Samuel ; was a Representative iii 
(^'ongress from New York from 1813 to 1815; was a 
successful lawyer in Delhi from 1800 to 1833, Diet! 
in New York in November, 1862. 

Sherwood, Samuel B,; waa bom in Connecti 
cut; graduated at Yale College in 1786; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from that State from 1817 to 
1819; died in 1833, 

Shiel, George K,; was born in Ireland; was 
elected a Representative firom Oregon to the Thii',;.- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Committee on the 
Pacific Railroad. 



452 



lUOGKAPHlCAL ANNALS. 



Shields, Benjamin G.; was a citizen of Ala- 
bama; in 1845 was appointed Chnrge jV Affaires to 
Venezuela, where lie remained until 1850. 

Shields, Ebenezer J.; was born in Georgia; 
was elected a l\'epresentatiTe in Congress from Ten- 
nessee, from 18:;5 to 1839. Died May 20, 1846. 

Shields, James ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Oliio, from 1829 to 1831. Died in Butler 
County, Ohio, in 1831. 

Shields, James ; was born in County Tyrone. 
Irehind, in 1810; emigrated to America about 1826; 
pursued mathematical and classical studies until the 
year 1832, when he went to Illinois, and commenced 
the practice of law at Kaskaskia; in 1836 was elected 
a member of the Illinois Legislature; was elected 
Auditor of the State in 1839; in 1843 was appointed 
Jodge of the Supreme Court of Illinois; in 1845 was 
appointed Commissioner of the General Land Office 
in the Department of the Interior at Washington: 
at the commencement of the Mexican War was ap- 
pointed, by President Polk, a Brigadier-General in 
the United States Army; for his distinguished ser- 
vices during the course of the war, was promoted to 
the rank of Brevet Major-General; in 1848 was ap- 
pointed Governor of Oregon Territory, which oflBce 
ie resigned; in 1849 was elected to a seat in the 
United States Senate from the State of Illinois tor 
the term of six years; subsequently took up his resi- 
dence in the Territory of Minnesota; in 1857 when 
it became a State, was elected to represent the same 
in the Senate of the United States, in wliich posi- 
tion he served two years; during the rebellion of 
1801 served as a General in the Union Army; re- 
■signcd his commission in 1863; removed to Wiscon- 
sin; in 1868 was President of ithe State Democratic 
Convention; subsequently settled in Missouri; was 
elected a United States Senatoi from Missouri for 
the unexpired term of Lewis V. Bogy, deceased, 
serving from January to March, 1879. Died June 2, 
1879. 

Shields, John C; was a lawyer by profession, 
and attained a high reputation as an advocate; in 
October, 1885, was appointed, by President Cleve- 
land, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
Territory of Arizona for the term of four years; re- 
aided at Prescott, .\rizona. 

Shields, William Bayard ; was an early emi- 
grant to Mississippi; in 1818 wa.s appointed District 
Judge of the United States Court for the State of 
Mississippi. 

Shinn, 'William N.; was horn in New Jersey; 
-was a farmer by occupation; was a Representative in 
X;^ongress from that State from 1833 to 1837. 

Shipherd, Zebulon R.; was a Representative 
in Congress from New York fi-om 1813 to 1815. Died 
in Moriah, Essex County, New York. 

Shipman, Nathaniel; was born at Southbury, 
■Connecticut. August 22, 1828; removed, with his 
parents, to Norwich, Connecticut, in 1836; attended 
school there until 1842; then removed, with his 
father's tamUy, to Jewett City, Connecticut; pre- 
pared for college at Plainfleld, Connecticut; entered 
Yale College in 1844, and was graduated therefrom 
in 1848; studied law at Fairfield, Connecticut, and 
at Yale College Law School; was admitted to the bar 
in 1850; in 1851 engaged in the practice of the law 
;it Hartford, Connecticut; was a Representative in 
the State Legislature in 1857; was Executive Secre- 
tary of Governor William A. Buckingham from 1858 



to 1862; in April, 1873, was appointed, by President 
Grant, United States District Judge for the District 
of Connecticut; in 1884 A;ceived from Yale College 
the honorary degree of LL.D. 

Shippen, "William; was born in Pennsylvania; 
sradnated at Princeton College in 1754; studied 
medicine in Edinburgh. Scotland, and on his return, 
in 1764, began in Philadelphia the first course of 
lectures in anatomy ever delivered in America; as- 
sisted in establishing the Medical School of Philadel- 
phia, and was appointed one of its Professors; in 
1777 was appointed Director-General of the Medical 
Department iu the Army; was a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress from 1778 to 1780. Died in 
1808. 

Shiras, Oliver P.; was born at Pittsburgh, 
Pennsylvania, Octol>er 22, 1833; graduated from the 
University of Ohio in 1853; tlieu entered the Scien- 
tific Department of Yale College, and, later, the Law 
Department of that institution, graduating from the 
latter in 1856; removed to Dubuque, Iowa, and was 
there admitted to the bar in 1856; was .\id-de-camp, 
and Judge Advocate on the Staff of General Herron 
in the Army of the Frontier during 1862 and 1863; 
resumed the practice of law at Dubuque; in 1882 
was appointed United States District Judge for the 
Northern District of Iowa. 

Shober, Francis E.; was bom at Salem, North 
Carolina, March 12, 1831; was educated at Nazareth 
Hall, a Moravian establishment in Pennsylvania, and 
also at the University of North Carolina, where he 
graduated in 1851; studied law, and came to the bar 
in 1853, locating at Salisbury; when the Rebellion 
commenced, opposed the secession movement, and 
exerted himself in behalf of the Union; in 1862 was 
elected to the Stat* Assembly as a Conservative, 
and continued in that position until the close of the 
war; subsequently served one session in the State 
Senate; was elected a Representative from North 
Carolina to the Forty-first and Forty-second Con- 
gresses, serving on the Committee on Mines and Min- 
ing; was Acting Secretary of the United States Sen- 
ate from October, 1881, to December, 1883. 

Shoemaker, Lazarus D.; was born in Kings- 
ton, Pennsylvania, November 5, 1819; graduated at 
Yale College in 1840; studied and practiced law in 
Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania; was a member of the 
State Senate in 1866. 1867, and 1808; was elected a 
Representative from Pennsylvania to the Forty -second 
and Forty-third Congresses, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Revolutionary Pensions, and on 
that of Claims. 

Short, ■William ; was born at Spring Garden, 

Virginia, September 30, 1759 ; graduated at WUliam 
and Mary College; was a member of the Executive- 
Council of Virginia at an early age; was Secretary of 
Legation to Jefferson when Minister to France in 
1784; in 1789 was appointed Charge d' Affaires to 
France, by President Washington; held the first com- 
mission signed by him, and was the first citizen ap- 
pointed to office under the Federal Constitution; was 
Minister Resident to the Netherlands in 1792; was 
Commissioner to negotiate with Spain in 1794 ; w;i3 
appointed Minister Resident to that country the same 
year; his important negotiations were connected 
with the boundaries of Florida and Mississippi, and 
resulted in the treaty of 1795. Died at Philadelphia, 
December 5, 1849. 

Shorter, Eli S.; was born in Monticello, Georgia, 
March 15, 1823; graduated at Yale College in 1843; 
was a lawyer bv profession; engaged in planting- 



BlOUlCAFillCAL ANNALS. 



453 



■w:\s elected a Representative from Alabama to the 
"Tliirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses, and was a 
I member of the Committee on Indian Affairs. 

Shorter, John Gill ; waa a native of Georgia, 
and the son of EH S. Sliorter; removed to Alabama 
when young; was, for several years, a .State Senator; 
from 1855 to 18ljl was Circuit Judge for liis District; 
vpas a member of the Confederate Congress; was Gov- 
ernor of Alabama from 1861 to 1863, maintaining 
his authority over the State in spite of the prevail- 
ing hostilities. Died in Eufaula, Alabama, Jtuie 5, 
1872. 

Shower, Jacob ; was a Kepresentative in Con- 
egress from Maryland from 1853 to 1855. 

Shulze, John Andrew ; vras bom in Tnlpe- 
hocken, Berks County, Pennsylvania, July 19, 1775; 
represented Lebanon County for several years in the 
State Legislature; was Governor of Pennsylvania 
from lS2;i to 1829. Died in Lancaster, November 18, 
1852. 

Shunk, Francis R.; was born in Montgomery 
County. Pennsylvania, August 7, 1788; became a 
teacher at the age of fifteen: in 1812 was appointed 
Clerk in the Surveyor-General's Department, and at 
the same time studied law; assisted as a soldier in 
tlie defense of Baltimore in 1814; was first assistant, 
thcfl principal clerk, for sever.al years in the House 
of Representatives of the State; was Secretary to the 
Board of Canal Commissioners: in 183s was Secretary 
of the State; afterward established himself for the 
practice of law in Pittsburgh; was Governor of Penn- 
svlvania from 1845 to 1848. Died in Harrisburg, 
J"uly 30, 1848. 

Sibley, Henry H.; was born at Detroit, Michi- 
g-.in, in February, 1811; spent much of his early life 
on the North-western frontier; was, for many years, 
an Indian trader in the employ of the American Fur 
Company, at Mackinaw and Fort Snelliug; was a 
Delegate to Congress from Minnesota Territory from 
1849 to 1853; witnessed the progress of Minnesota 
from a wilderness to an organized State; in 1857 was 
helected its first Governor, serving a part of 1858; was 
s Brigadier-General of Volunteers during the Re- 
bellion; commanded an expedition against the Min- 
nesota Indians in 1863; was subsequently brevetted 
a Major-General of Volunteers; was a Delegate to 
the Cleveland "Soldiers' Convention" of 1866; in 
1867 was appointed a visitor to the West Point 
Academy ; was the son of Solomon Sibley. 

Sibley, Jonas ; was born at Sutton, Massachu- 
setts, March 17, 1762; for thirty-five years held a va- 
riety of town offices; from 1806 to 1823 was a member 
of the Massachusetts Legislature; was an Elector for 
President in 1820; served again in both Houses of 
the Legislature; was a member of the "State Con- 
stitutional Convention" of IH.'O; wa.s a member of 
Congress from Worce.ster County, Ma.ssachusetts, 
from 1823 to 1825. Died at Sutton, in that State, 
February 10, 1834, aged seventy-two years. 

Sibley, Mark H.; was born at Great Barring- 
ton, Massachusetts, in 1796; removed to Canandai- 
gna. New York, in 1814; studied law, and was dis- 
"tinguislied ivs an advocate; was a memlier of the New 
York Assembly in 1834 and 1835; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from 1837 to 1839; was subsequently 
a State Senator, and, in is4(i, aC'ounty Judge. Died 
in Canaudaigua, New York, September 8, 1852. 

Sibley, Solomon; was born in Sutton, Massa- 
chusetts, October 7, 1709; studied law; removed to 



Ohio in 1795, establishing himself first at Marietta, 
and then at Cincinnati, in the practice of his profes- 
sion; removed to Detroit in 1797; in 1799 was elected 
to the first Territorial Legislature of the North-west- 
ern Territory ; was a Delegate to Congress from the 
Territory of Michigan from 1820 to 1823; in 1824 wan 
appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of Michigan, 
and held the otiice until 1836, when he resigned in 
consequence of increasing deafness. Died at Detroit, 
April 4, 1846. He was universally respected for his 
talents and manifold virtues. 

Sickles, Daniel E.; was born in New York, in 
October, 1821; learned the printer's trade, which ho 
followed for some years; studied law, and was admit- 
ted to the bar in 1843; in 1847 was elected to the 
Assembly of New York, and, in 1856, to the State 
Senate; for a short time, when Mr. Buchanan was 
the .Vmerican Minister in England, was the Secretary 
of that Legation; was elected a Representative liom 
New York to the Thirty-fifth Congress, and was a 
member of the Committee on Foreign Aflairs; ^^ as 
re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress; before the 
expiration of his first term, in February, 18r>9, 
killed Philip Barton Key, for " dishonoring his bed "' ; 
his trial lasted twenty days, and he was acquitted; 
served in the Union Army during the Rebellion; lost 
a leg in battle, and attained the rank of Major-Gen- 
eral of Volunteers; in 1806 was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Johnson, Minister Resident to the Netherlands, 
but declined; was subsequeutly appointed a Colonel 
in the regular army; in 1867 was brevetted a Major- 
General for gallant and meritorious services at Get- 
tysburg; was a Delegate to the Chicago Convention 
of 1868; in 1869 was appointed, by President Grant, 
Minister to Spain. 

Sickles, Nicholas; was born in Kinderhook, 
New York; was a Representative in Congress from 
1835 to 1837. Died at Kingston, New York, May 13, 
1845. 

Sill, Thomas H. ; wiis a native of Connecticut; 
was a lawyer by profession; settled in the practice at 
Erie, Pennsylvania, in 1812; was a member of the 
Convention to revise the State Constitution; in 1825 
was a Presidential Elector; in 1826 was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from Pennsylvania for an unexpired 
term; was again a Representative in Congress from 
1829 to 1831; in 1849 was again a Presidential Elec- 
tor. 

Silsbee, Nathaniel ; was bom in Essex Comity, 
Massachusetts, in 1773; was a distinguished and suc- 
cessful merchant ; was frequently elected to the State 
Legislature; was, for three years. President of the 
State Senate; served as a Representative in Congress 
from 1816 to 1820; was a Senator of the United States 
irom 1826 to 1835; was a Presidential Elector in 1837; 
was a firm supporter of the administration of John 
Quincy Adams, and when his term expired, Mr. Sils- 
bee offered to vacate his seat in the Senate in his 
favor, but the ex-President declined the offer. 

Silvester, Peter; was born in New York; wa.s a 
member of the Albany Committee of Safety in 1774, 
and of the New York Provincial Congress; was a 
.ludge of the Common Pleas in 1776; was elected a 
member of the First Congress under the Federal Con- 
stitution; was subsequently a State Senator. Died 
at Kinderhook, .January 30, 1845. 

Silvester, Peter H.; was born at Kinderhook, 
Columbia County, New York, February 17, 1807; 
graduated at Union College in 1827; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1830; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from New York from 1847 to 1851. 



454 



BIUGKAl'HICAL ANNALS. 



Simkins, Eldred ; was born in Edgefield Dis- I 
trict, South Caiolimi, August 29, 1779; was educated i 
for the bar at litobtield, Connecticut; was partner ol 
Mr. McDuffie; served frequently in the Legislature; 
was Lieutenant-tiovernor of South Carolina in 1812; 
was a General of Militia; was a Representative in 
Congress from South Carolina from 1817 to 1821. 
Died at Edgefield in 1832. 

Simmons, George A.; was born in New Hamp- 
shire in 1771; graduated at Dartmouth College in 
1816; served a number of years in the Assembly oi 
New Hampshire; was elected a Representative from 
New Hampshire to the Thirty-third and Thirty- 
fourth Congresses; in 1852 received, from his Alma 
Maler, the degree of LL. D. Died at Keesville, New 
York, October 27, 1857. 

Simmons, James F.; was born at Little Comp- 
ton, Rhode Island, September 10, 1795; engaged in 
farming and manufacturing; was a member of the 
General Assembly of Rhode IsUmd from 1828 to 1841; 
was elected to the United States Senate in 1841. for 
six years, to March 3, 1847; was again chosen Sena- 
tor for the term beginning March 4, 1857; resigned 
in August, 1862; served as a member of the Commit- 
tees on Claims, on Patents, and the Patent Office, 
and on Finance; during the Thirty-seyenth Congress 
■was Chairman of the Committee on Patents. Died at 
Johnson, Rhode Island, July 10, 1864. 

Simms, William E.; was born in Kentucky: 
■w.as elected a Representative from that State to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
the Militia. 

Simons, Samuel ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Connecticut from 184o m 1845. Died at 
Bridgeport, Connecticut, .January 13, 1847, aged fifty- 
five years. 

Simons, Thomas; was born at Manlniain, 
British Bnrmah, December 17, 1834, his jiarents 
being American missionaries there; was brought to 
the United States in childhood; received a liberal 
education, graduating from Brown University, with 
the degree of A.M., in 1855; studied law at the Al- 
bany Law School, and was admitted to the bar at 
Albany, New York, in 1858; engaged in practice 
there; in 1865 removed to New York City, and be- 
came Assistant United States Attorney, serving until 
1875, when he was appointed an Assistant Attorney- 
General of the United States, residing at Washing- 
ton. 

Simonton, Charles Bryson; was born in 
Tipton (■(luuty, Tennessee. Septembers. \S'.i^: grad- 
uated at LrsUine College, South Carolina, in 1851); 
entered the Confederate Army in 1861, and was 
compelled to retire from service, in 18li2, by reason of 
disability from wounds; taught school; was elected 
County Clerk in 1870, and again in 1879; was ad- 
mitted to the pnictiee of law in 1873; was a member 
of the l^tate House of Representatives in 1877 and 
1878; was elected a Representatixe from Tennessee 
to the Forty-si.\th and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Simonton, William; was a member of Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania, from 1839 to 1843. Died 
at South Hanover, Pennsylvania, May 18, 1846. 

Simpson, Josiah; was born in Pennsylvania; 
received a good education, and adopted the profession 
of the law; in 1812 wa.s appointed, by President 
Madi.son, United States Judge for the Territory of 
M ississippi. 



Simpson, Richard F.; was born in South Caro- 
lina; graduated at the University of South Carolina 
in 1816; adopted the profession of the law; was a 
member of the Senate of his native State; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from South Carolina, from 
1843 to 1847. 

Simpson, W. D.; was born in Laurens County, 
South Carolina, October 23, 1823; received a col- 
legiate education, graduating from South Carolina 
College in 1843; studied law, and attended the Law 
School at C^ambridge, Massachusetts, for a time; was 
admitted to the bar, and settled at Laurens Court 
House, South Carolina, in the practice of law; in 
1856 was elected a Representative in the State Legis- 
lature; was re-elected ; was elected a State Senator 
in 1860; entered the Confederate Army as Lieutenant- 
Colonel on staff duty; wa.s afterwards Major and 
Lieutenant-Colonel in the line; in 1863 was elected 
a Representative in the Confederate Congress; in 1868 
was elected a Representative from South Carolina to 
the Forty-first Congress, but was debarred from tak- 
ing his seat because of disabilities under the pro- 
visions of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Consti- 
tution ; in 1876 was elected Lieutenant-Governor of 
South Carolina; was re-elected in 1878; in 1879 be- 
came Governor of the State by the election of Gov- 
ernor Hampton to the United States Senate; in that 
year was elected Chief Justice of the Supreme Court 
of the State for the term of six years from 1880. 

Sims, Alexander D.; was born in Brunswick 
County, Virginia, June 12, 1803; went through a 
course of studies at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, and 
finished his education at Union College, New York; 
read and practiced law in Viiginia; removing to 
South Carolina, taught in an academy at Darlington 
Court House; in 1829 commenced the practice of law 
in South Carolina; became a prominent member of 
the bar in that State; had a taste for politics, and 
during the Nullification times was active and de- 
cided; served in the State Legislature in 1840 and 
1842; was a member of Congress from South Carolina 
from 1845 to 1848. Died at Kingstice, South Caro- 
lina, November 16, 1848. 

Sims, Leonard H. ; was born in North Carolina; 

was elected a Representative in Congress from Mis- 
souri from 1845 to 1847. 

Sinclair, Charles E.; was born in Virginia; was 
appointed an As.sociate Justice of the United States 
Court for the Territory of Utah. 

Singiser, Theodore F.; was born at Church- 
town, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, March 15, 
1845; received a common school education; learned 
the art of printing; entered the Union Army in 1861, 
and was actively engaged throughout the war, par- 
ticipating in all the great battles of the Peninsula 
Campaigns, and rising to the rank of Captain; after 
the close of the war engaged in editorial pursuits for 
several years; studied law, and was admitted to the 
bar; was employed in United States Treasury at 
Wtishington, from 1875 to 1879. when he was ap- 
pointed Receiver of Public Moneys at Oxford, Idaho; 
in 1880wasappointed Secretary ofldaho Territory ; was 
Acting Governor of the Territory during the winter 
of 1881-82, was elected the Delegate from Idaho to 
the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Singleton, James W.; was bom at Paxtdn, 
Virginia, November 23, 1811; received an academic 
education; removed to Illinois in 1833; adopted the 
profession of the law; served six terms in the State 
Legislature: was a member of the State Constitu- 



Bloc; K A I' H 1 C A L A N N A I. S . 



455 



tional C'ouveiitioiis ol' 1847 and 1861; was elected a 
Brigadier-Cieueial of State Militia; was President of 
the Quiney aud Toledo and Qiiiucy, Alton and St. 
Louis Railroads; was elected a Kepresentative fniiu 
Illinois to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Con- 
gresses. 

Singleton, Otho R.; was born in Jessamine 
County, Kentucky, Uctober 14, 1814; graduated at 
St. .Joseph College, Bardstown, Kentucky, and 
adopted the law as a profession; vias two years in the 
lower House of the Mississippi Legislmire; served 
six years in the State Senate; was a rresidenlial 
Elector in 1852; was elected a Representative from 
Mississippi to the Thirty-third Congress; was also 
elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, from the same 
State, serving as a member of the .Joint Committee 
on Printing; was re-elected to the Thirty-.sixth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee oaRoadsaiul Canals; 
joined the great l^ebellion in 18fil, and .served as a 
K'epresentative in the Confederate C'ongressfrom 18(il 
to 1865; in 1875 was elected a Representative to the 
Forty-fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty- 
tifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and 
Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Singleton, Thomas D.; was elected to Con- 
gress Irom South Carolina in 18;>3, and, while on his 
way to Wiushington, to take his seat, in lJeceml>er; 
died at Raleigh, North Carolina. 

Sinnickson, Clement H.; was born in Salem, 
New .lei-sey, September 16, 1834; was educated at 
Union College, New York, and graduated there in 
1855; studied law ;:; Trenton, New .Jersey, and was 
admitted to the bar in 18.")8; began to practice in 
Salem, New Jersey: in 1861 raised a company of Vol- 
unteers, and enlisted as Captain in the Fourth Regi- 
ment of New Jersey Volunteers, for three months' 
service, after which he resumed the practice of law in 
Salem; in 1874 was elected a Representative from 
New .Jersey to the Forty-fourth Congress; was re- 
elected til the Forty -fifth Congress. 

Sinnickson, Thomas ; was born in Salem Conn- 
ty. New .lersey, in 1745; received a cla,ssical educa- 
tion; was bred a merchant; served in the Revolut'on- 
ary War at the battles of Trenton and Princeton, in 
the capacity of Captain; was, for many years, a mem- 
ber of the Council and Assembly of New Jersey, and 
the Presiding Judge of the Court of Common Ple;us; 
was a Correspondent of the Committee of Safety dur- 
ing the Revoluti<m; was a Representative in the 
Firet Congress, after the adoption of the Constitution, 
from 1789 to 1791; was again a Representative in 
Congressfrom 1797 to 1799; was a Presidential FJector 
in 1801; was one of those who voted for locating llie 
Seat of Government on the Potomac. Died in Salem, 
May 15, 1817. 

Sinnickson, Thomas ; was bom at Salem, New 
Jersey, December IH, 178(); received a common school 
education; commenced active life as a mentliant; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar; was a Judge 
of the Court of Common Pleas lor twenty years; was 
a merabcrof the N'ew Jersey Legislature; ,Judge of the 
Court of Errors and Ajjpeals; was a Representative in 
Congress from New .Jersey during the years 1828 and 
1829. 

Sitgreaves, Charles; was born at Easton, 
Pennsylvania. April 22, 1803; received a liberal edu- 
cation; adopted the profession of the law; settled in 
N'ew Jersey; was Major-Commandant in the State 
military service from 1828 to 1338; was a member of 
the New Jersey Assembly in 1831 and 1833; in 1834 



was a member of the Legislative Council; was a • 
member, and President, of the same in 1835; was a 
member of the State Senate from 18.52 to 1854; was 
made a Trustee of the State Normal School in 18.55, 
which office he vacated in 1864, when elected a Rep- 
resentative from New Jersey to the Thiity.-niiitli 
Congress; served on the Comuuttee on Military 
Atfairs; was Mayor of Philipsburg in 1861, declining 
a re-election; was President of the Belvidere & Dehv- 
ware Railroad Company; was President of the Bank 
at Philip.sburg; was one of the Representatives desig- 
nated by the House to attend the funeral of General 
Scott in 1866; was re-elected to the I'orlieth Congre.ss, 
serving on the Committee on Military Afl'airs. 

Sitgreaves, John ; was an officer in the War of 
the Revolution; was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress from North Carolina from 1784 to 1785; in 
1790 was appointed Attorney-General for that State; 
soon afterwards was appointed .Judge of the United 
States District Court for the District of North Caro- 
lina. Died .at Halifax, in March, 1801. 

Sitgreaves, Samuel; was born in Philadelphia; 
was liberally educated; studied law and settled in 
Easton, Pennsylvania; in 1790 was a member of the 
"Constitutional Convention" of that State; was a 
Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania from 
1795 to n98 ; was then appointed, Ijy President 
Adams, Commissioner to treat with Great Britain. 
Died April 4, 1824. 

Skelton, Charles; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from New Jersey 
from 1851 to 1855. 

Skinner, Charles R.; was born at Union Square, 
Oswego County, New York, .'Vugust 4, 1844; received 
an academic education; became a journalist; was a 
meraljer of the Board of Education of AVatertown, 
New York, from 1875 to 1883; was a member of the 
State House of Representatives from 1877 to 1881; 
was elected a Representative from New York to the 
Forty-seventh Congress to till the vacancy caused by 
the resignation of Warner Miller; was re-elected to 
the Forty-eiglith Congress. 

Skinner, John S.; was born in Maryland; in 
1841 was appointed Third Assistant Postmaster-Gen- 
eral, holding the position until 1845. 

Skinner, Richard; was born at Litchfield, Con- 
necticut, May 30, 1778; received his education at the 
celebrated law school of his native town; was admit- 
ted to the bar in 1800; removed to Manchester, Ver- 
mont; in 1801 was appointed State's Attorney for 
Bennington County, and in 1809 Judge of Probate: 
was elected a Representative in Congress from 1813 
to 1815; was elected a Judge of the Supreme Court of 
Vermont in 1816; became Chief Justice of that ('ourt 
in 1817; in 1818 was elecUnl to the lower branch of 
the Legislature, and was Speaker; was Governor of 
Vermont in 1820, 1821, and 1822; was re-appointed 
Chief .Justice in 1824; resigned in 1829; was Presi- 
dent of the \ortheastern Branch of the American 
Education .Society; was a member of the Board of 
Trustee* of Middlebury College, from which institu- 
tion he received the degree of LL.D. ; was also inter- 
ested in various local benevolent associations. Died 
at Manchester, May 23, 1833, mucli respected for his 
public services and private worth. 

Skinner, St. John B. L.; was bom in New 
York; was appointed, from that State, a Clerk in the 
General Post Office in Washington; in 1861 was made 
Acting Assistant Postmaster-General; in 1866 was 
appointed Assistant Postmaster-Ceneral, ser\ing until 
1869. 



45(5 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Skinner, Thomas G. ; was born in Perque- 
maus County, North Carolina, January 21, 1842; 
joined the Freshman Class at the University of Nortli 
Carolina in 1858; left college in 1861 and joined tlit- 
Confederate Army as a volunteer, serving throu^ljout 
the Civil War; at its close returned to his home and 
engaged in farming and at a fishery, and at tlic same 
time studied law; was admitted to the bar in 18(i8 
and engaged in the practice of law at Hertford, North 
Carolina; was elected a Representative from North 
Carolina to the Foity-cighth Congress: was re-elected 
to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Skinner, Thomas J., Jr.; was a Representative 
in Congress from .Massachusetts from 1790 to IT!)!), 
and again from lt<u:j to 1804, liaving, on his lirst elec- 
tion, succeeded T. Sedgewick; in 1804 was appointed, 
by President Jeflerson, Commissioner of Loans. 

Slade, Charles ; w;is a Representative in Con- 
gress from Illinois from 1833 to 18:!4. Died in .Inly 
of the same year, on his return from Washington, in 
Knox County, Indiana, after an illness of only 
twenty-four hours. 

Slade, William ; was born at Cornwall, Ver- 
mont, May !), 1780; graduated at Middkliury College 
in 1807; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1810; in 1813 was a Presidential Elector; from 1814 
to 1810 published and edited the Culumbian Palrwt, 
and at the same time kept a book-store; in 181.^ was 
elected Secretary of State of Vermont, which olliee he 
held eight years, during six of which he officiated as 
Judge of the Addison County Court; w,is subse- 
quently State's Attorney for the same county; from 
1823 to 1829 was a Clerk in the State Department at 
Washington; was a Representative in Congress from 
Vermont from 1831 to 1843; on his retirement from 
Congress was elected Reporter of the Decisions of the 
Supreme Court of Vermont, which office he held one 
year; in 1844 was chosen Governor of Vermont; was 
subsequently made Secretary of the National Board 
of Popular Education, having for its object the fur- 
nishing of the West with teachers from the lOast; in 
1823 published the "Vermont State papers"; in 
1825 the "StatutPS of Vermont," and in 1844 a vol- 
ume of " Vermont Reports." Died at Midilhbury, 
Vermont, January 18, 1859. 

Slater, James H.; was born in Sangamon Coun- 
ty, Illinois, December 28, 1820; received a common 
school education; emigrated to California in 1849; 
settled in ( iregon in 1850; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1854; was Clerk of the District 
Court for r.enton County from 1853 to 1850; was a 
member of the Territorial Assembly in 1857 and 1858, 
and of the State .\ssembly immediately after the ad- 
mission of Oregon as a State; was elected District At- 
torney in I8S(>; was a Presidential Elector in 1868; 
was elected a liepresentative from Oregon to the 
Porty-seeond Congress; was elected a United States 
Senator from Oregon for the terra of six years from 
March 4, 1879. 

Slaughter, G-abriel; was born in Virginia 
about 1767; was an early ewigrantto Kentucky; was 
a successful farmer; w;us frequently a member of the 
Stiite Legislature; at the battle of New Orleans was 
chosen Colonel of a Kentucky regiment, and received 
the tluuiks of the Legislature; was chosen Lieuten- 
ant-Governor, and, after the death of Governor Madi- 
son, was Goxernor from 1816 to 1820. Died in Mer- 
cer County, Kentucky, September 19, 1830. 

Slaymaker, Amos ; was bom in the London 
LanjgU, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, March 11, 



1755 ; received a good common school cdu<atiou. 
served as a soldier in the Revolutionary .\rmy; paid 
much attention to farming, and officiated as a magis- 
trate: was a Representative in Congress from Penn- 
sylvania, during a part of the Thirteenth Congress, to 
lill a vacancy occasioned by the death of .lames 
Wliitehill. Died at Salisbury, Lancaster County, 
Pennsylvania, June 12, 1837. 

Slemons, "W. F.; was born in Weakly Countj-, 
Tennes.see. March 15, 1830; received his education at 
Bethel College; emigrated to Arkans.as in 1852; stud- 
ied law, and practiced at Monticello, in that State, 
until the breaking out of the Civil War; entered the 
Southern Army in 1861, and remained in service 
until its close; rose from Lieutenant to Brigadier- 
General, and commanded a division; after the war 
was District Attorney; was elected a Representative 
from Arkansas to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, and 
Forty-sixth Congressps. 

Slidell, John; was born in New York about the 
year 1793; on reaching the age of manhood, removed 
to New Orleans, where he established himself as a 
lawyer, and practiced the profession with success; 
was appointed, by President .Jackson, United States 
District Attornej'; was frequently elected to the 
Legislature of Louisiana; was a Representative in 
Congress from 1843 to 1845; while in Congress was 
appointed, by President Polk, Minister to Mexico; in 
1853 was elected to the United States Senate for the 
unexpired term of Senator Soule; was re-elected for 
six years, and was Chairman of the Committee on 
the Condition of the Banks, and a member' of the 
Committees on Naval Affairs and Foreign Relations; 
withdrew, and became identified with the Rebellion 
of 1861; went to France as a Minister from the Con- 
federate Government; was captured by the San Ja- 
ciiitv, on his pa.ss.age out; was imprisoned in Fort 
Warren, and after being released took up his resi- 
dence in Paris. Died in London, England, Joly 29, 
1871. 

Slingerland, John I.; was born in Albany 

County, New York, March 1, 1804; received a good 
common school education; devoted nearly his whole 
life to agricultural pursuits; was a member of the 
New York Legislature in 1843; was a Representative 
in Congress from New York from 1847 to 1849. Died 
at Albany, October 26, 1861. 

Sloan, Andrew ; was born in McDonough, Geor- 
gia, June 10, 1845; was educated at Marshall Col- 
lege, Cieorgia. and Bethany College. West Virginia; 
read law, and was admitted to the bar in 1860; in 
1860 was elected Solicitor of Henry ('ounty, Georgia; 
removed to Savannah, and was appointed Deputy 
Collector of Customs; was appointed United States 
District Attorney, and held the position until 1872, 
acting at the same time as Local Counsel for the 
United States in regard to the cotton claims, and also 
under the Mixed Commission on British and Ameri- 
can claims; in 1872 was elected a Representative 
from Georgia to the Forty-third Congress, and, after 
a contest, was dnly admitted. 

Sloan, A. Scott; was born in Morrisville, Mad- 
ison County, New Y'ork, in 1820; adopted the profes- 
sion of the law; in 1847 was elected Clerk of Madi- 
son County; removed to Wisconsin in 1854; was 
elected to the Wisconsin Legislature in 1856; was 
appointed a Circuit Judge in 1858; in 1860 was 
elected a Representative from Wisconsin to the Thir- 
ty-seventh Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Territories. 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



457 



Sloan, Ithamar O.; was born in Madison Coun- 
ty, New York: received a ciiinmon scliool education; 
adopted tlie prol'essioii of the law; removed to Wis- 
consin in 1854; in 1858 and ISSU was chosen District 
Attorney of Rock County; in 18fi2 was elected a 
Kepresentative from Wisconsin to the Tliirty-eighth 
Congress, servin}» on the Committeeon Public Lands. 
and also ou that on Kx])enses in the War Depart- 
ment; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on the Deatli of President 
Lincoln, Claims, and Expenses of the War Depart- 
ment. 

Sloan, Jamea ; was a resident of Gloucester 
County, New Jersey, an<l a member of the .Society of 
Friends; was a Representative in Congress from New 
.Jersey from 180:5 to 18Ui). Died in New Jersey, in 
November, 1811. 

Sloane. John ; was born at York, Pennsylvania, 
iu 1178: removed to Ohio while it was yet a Terri- 
tory; was elected a member of the General Assembly 
in 1804 and 1805, and 1805 was Speaker: was a Re- 
ceiver of Public Moneys at Canton. Ohio, from 1808 
to 1810, and afterwards at Wooster until 1810: was 
a Colonel of Militia during the War of 1812; in 1819 
was elected to Congress as a Representative from 
Ohio, continuing a member until 1829; was Clerk of 
the Common Pleas for seven years; was Secretary of 
State for three years; ivas Treasurer of the United 
States under President Fillmore. Died in Wooster. 
May 15, 1856, aged seventy-seven years. 

Sloane, Jonathan; was bom in Massachusetts; 
settled in Ohio; was a Representative in Congress 
ftom that State from 1833 to 1837. 

Slocum, Henry "W.; was born in New York, 
September 24. l^-.'T; graduated at the West Point 
Military Academy in 18.52: on receiving the appoint- 
ment of Second Lieutenant in the United States 
Army, was assigneil to duty in Florida, where 
he spent about one year; from 1853 to 185fi, as a 
First Lieutenant, was on duty at Fort Moultrie, 
on leaving which be resigned his commission; 
having )>aid some attention to the study of law, 
engaged in its practice at Syracuse, New York, from 
1856 to 18(il; in 18.5!) wa.s elected to the State Legis- 
lature; from 1659 to ISO] was Instructor of Artillery 
in the New York Militia; when the Rebellion broke 
out was chosen Colonel of the Twenty-se\'enth Regi- 
ment of New York A'olnnteers; beforetheclose of 1801 
was made Biigadier-tJeneral of Volunteers: in l-^t2 
was appointed aMajor-General; served with zeal and 
success until the cessation of hostilities; was present 
at the b.ittles of Manassa and Antietam, the march 
from the mountains to the sea, and at the time of 
bis resignation, in September, 186.5, was in command 
of the Department of .Mississij)pi; in 1865 was the 
Democratic candidate tor SeiTctary of Stati; of New 
York, but was defeated, alter wliich he settled in 
Brooklyn, in the practice of law; in 1868 was chosen 
a Presidential Elector; was elected a K'epresentative 
from New York to the Forty-first and Forty-second 
Congresses, lerving on the Committee on Military 
Aflairs; was also elected to the Forty-eighth ("on- 
gress. 

Slocum, Jesse ; was » Representative in Con- 
gress from North Carolina, from 1817 to 1820. Died 
in Washington before the expiration of his term, 
December 20, of the latter year. 

Sloss, Joseph H.; was born in Somerville, Mor- 
gan County, Alabama, October 12, 1826; received an 
academic education; studied law at Athens, Ten 



nessee; settled in Eriwardsville, Illinois, in 1849; 
was a member of the Legislature in 1858; in 1861 
returned to .\labaina, and joined the Confederate 
.Irmy, in which he .served until the close of the war; 
was elected Mayor of Tuscumbia after the war, and 
continued in that office until 1870; was elected a 
Representative from Alabama to the Forty-.second 
and Forty-third Congresses, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Revision of Laws, the Militia, and Patents. 

Slough, John P.; was born in Cincinnati, Oliio; 
was elected to the State Legislature, from which he 
was expelled for striking a member during de'oate; 
in 1852 was chosen Secretary of the Central Demo- 
cratic Committee; soon after went to Kansas; in i860 
removed to Denver City, Color;ido; on the breaking 
out of the Civil War ser%ed with credit ou the 
Southwestern frontiers; was made a Brigadier-Gen- 
eral and Military Governor at Alexandria, in Vl]> 
ginia; at the close of the war was appointed Chief 
Justice of the Territory of New Mexico; a resolution 
for his removal was introduced in the Territorial 
Legislature, and he souglit a personal encounter with 
the author of the resolution— a Senator, — and the re- 
sult was his death, December 16, 1867. 

Small, "William B.; was elected a Representa- 
tive from New York to the Forty-third Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Invalid Pensions. 

Smalley, David A.; was born in Middlebury, 
.\ddison County, Vermont, April 0, 1809; received 
an academic education; studied law, and came to 
the bar in Franklin County in 1831, in which county 
he practiced his profession; in 1842 was elected a 
State Senator, and declined a re-election; in 1844 
was admitted to the bar of the United States Su- 
preme Court; was a Delegate to the "National Dem- 
ocratic (Convention " held in Baltimore, in 18.52, and 
was Vice-President of the Convention; in 1853 was 
appointed Collector of Customs for Vermont; was 
a Delegate to the Cincinnati Convention of 1857; in 
that year was appointed United States District Judge 
for the Distict of Vermont; on account of ill-healtii 
Congress, in 1875, authorized him to retire on full 

pay- 

Smalla, Robert ; was born in Beaufort, South 
Carolina, April 5, 1839; received no education until 
the close of the Civil War; lived at Beaufort until 
1851, when he went to Charleston and worked at the 
rigger's trade, and led a seafaring life along the 
coast of South Carolina and Florida: having acquired 
a knowledge of the bays and harbors of the coiust, 
went on board the Steamer Plinilrr in the Confederate 
service in 1861, acting as pilot; when the opportunity 
oflered he siezed the boat and joined the United 
States fleet outside the harbor; was then entered on 
the navy list of the Federal service; was subsequent- 
ly commissioned as Second Lieutenant of the Thirty- 
third Regiment of colored troops, and performed 
efficient service during the w.ar, on sea and land, for 
wliich he was promoted to Captain; returned to l!<an- 
fort after the war; was a member of the Constitu- 
tional Convention; in 1868 was a member of the 
House <jf Representatives of the State; also filled 
an unexpired term in the State Senate for two years; 
in 1872 was re-elected to that position; was made 
Brigadier-(ieneral and afterwards Major-tieneral of 
St;ite troops; in 1874 was elected a Representative 
from South Carolina to the i''orty-fourth Congress; 
was re-elected to the Forty-lit'th Congress; was de- 
feated for re-election to the Fony-sixth Congress; 
was again elected to the Fortj'-seventh Congress, and 
was re-elected to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth 
C )ngresse8. 



458 



BIOGBAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Smart, Ephraim K.; was born at Prospect 
(now Searsport), Maine, in 1813; was thrown up:)n 
his own resources to obtain means of education, 
wliich he obtained atth<' >Iaine Wesleyan Seminary; 
after the study of law lor tliree .>'ears, was admitted 
to the bar in Camden. .Maine; was appointed Post- 
master of Camden in 1838; in 1841 was elected State 
Senator, in 1842 was Aid to the Governor, witli the 
rank of Lieutenant-Colonel; was re-electe<l to the 
Senate the same year; in 1843 went to Missouri, and 
practiced law, as an Attorney and Counselor, and 
Solicitor in Chancery; returned to Camden, and was 
again Postmaster in 1845; was a Representative in 
Congress from Maine from 1847 to 184!i, and from 
1851 to 1853: from 1853 to 18'i8 was Collector of 
Customs at Belfast, Maine; in 1854 established the 
Maine Free Press, and was its editor for three years; 
in 1858 returned to the practice of law in < 'amden; in 
September of that year was again elected to the 
liegislature. 

Smart, James S.; was born at Baltimore, Mary- 
land, June 14. 1812; received a classical education 
at Jeflerson College, Pennsylvania; entered the 
Union Army in 18(i4, as First Lieutenant, Sixteenth 
New York Heavy Artillery; served in the army until 
the second Expedition to Fort Fisher; was proraotetl 
to a Captaincy; in 1805 took charge of the IVasliini/- 
ton Count!/ Post, published at Camluidge; was elected 
a Representative from New York to the Forty-thini 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Invalid Pen- 
sions. 

Smelt, Dennis; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Georgia from 180fi to 1811. 

Smilie, John ; was born in Ireland, emigrated 
to this country when a youth; lield many civil and 
military positions during the Revolution; served in 
the Legislature of Pennsylvania, his adopted State; 
was a Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania 
from 17'J3 to 1795, and again from 1799 to 1813; in 
1797 was a Presidential Elector. Died in Washing- 
ton, December 30, 1813, aged seventy-six years. 

Smith, A. Herr ; was born in Manor Township, 
Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, March 7, 1815; 
graduated at Dickinson College in 1840; studied law 
in Lancaster; was admitted to the bar in 1842; was 
elected to the House of Representatives of Pennsyl- 
vania in 1843 and 1844; in 1845 was elected to the 
State Senate; was elected a Representative from 
'Pennsylvania to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth 
Congresses, serving on the Committee on War C'laims; 
was re-elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty- 
seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Smith, Albert ; was born in Hanover, Plymouth 
County, Ma-ssaclinsetts, .January 3, 1793; graduated 
at Brown University in 1813; wa>s admitted to the 
bar in 1816; removed to Maine in 1817; was sent to 
the General Court of Massachusetts in 1820; was, for 
many years, a Postmast(;r in Maine; from 1830 to 

1838 was Marshal of the United States for Maine: 
was a Representative in Congress from Maine from 

1839 to 1841; in 1842 was appointed the United States 
Commissioner to settle tlie Northeastern lioundary, 
under the Ashburton Treaty, whicli business was 
completed in 1847. Died in I'.oston. May 29, 1867. 

Smith, Albert; was born in New York; was a 
member of the New York Assembly, from Genesee 
County, in 1842; was a Representative in Congress 
from New York from 1843 to 18 n. 

Smith, Alcock C; was born in Kentucky; re- 
moved to Washington Territory, from which he was 
appointed a .Justice of the United States Court fur 
the Territory of Idaho. 



Smith, Arthur; was born in Isle of Wight 
(.'ounty, Virginia. Xii\ember 15. 1785; was educated 
at the College ol William and .Vlary; was a lawyer 
by profession, but never practiced; served with credit 
at the head of a Militia force at Norfolk, in 1812; was 
a member of the Privy Council of Virginia, and sub- 
sequently a member of the State Legislature; was a 
Representative in Congress from 1821 to 1825. Died 
in Virginia. March 30, 18.53. 

Smith, Ballard; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1815 to 1821. 

Smith, Benjamin; was a resident of Brunswick 
County, North Carolina; was a member of the State 
Legislature in 1792; was a General of Militia; was 
Governor of the State from 1810 to 1811; his lilfe was 
one of many difficulties; was engaged in many duels, 
but is kindly remembered because of his donation of 
twenty thousand acres of land to the State University 
in 1789. 

Smith, Bernard; was born at Morristown, New 
.Jersey, in 1776; held an office in Washington for a 
time, and was sent as a Special Bearer of Dispatches 
to Europe; was subsequently Collector and Postmas- 
ter at New Brunswick; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New Jersey from 1819 to 1821; during the 
latter year was appointed Register of the Land Office 
in Arkansas, which otfice he held until his death, 
which occurred at Little Rock, July 16, 1835; during 
his residence in Arkansas he served the Government 
as an Indian Agent. 

Smith, Boardman H.; was born in Whiting- 
ham, Vermont, August 18, 1826; graduated at Wil- 
liams College, Massachusetts, in 1847; studied law, 
and settled in New York; was appointed .ludge ot 
the Chemung County Courts in 1859. and elected to 
the same office in that year; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from New Y'ork to the Forty-second and 
Forty-third Congresses, serving on several committees, 
;ind as Chairman of that on Elections 

Smith, Caleb B.; was born at Boston, Massa- 
chusetts, April 16, 1808; emigrated, with his parents, 
to Ohio in 1814; was educated at the Cincinnati Col- 
lege and Miami University; adopted the profession of 
the law, and settled in Indiana; in 1832 established 
;uid edited a Whig journal called the Intliana Senti- 
ml: in 1833 was elected a member of the Legislature; 
was re-elected in 1834, 1835, and 1836, during the 
latter year officiating as Speaker; in 1847 and 1843 
was a member of the Board of Fund Commissioners; 
was a Representative in Congress from Indiana from 
1843 to 1849; was a Presidential Elector in 1840 and 
185G; after leaving Congress, in 1849. was appointed, 
liy President Taylor, one of the members of the Board 
for Investigating the Claims of American citizens 
against Mexico; suliscquently pr.acticed his profes- 
sion in Cincinnati, Ohio; in 1861 was appointed, by 
President Lincoln, Secretary of the Interior Dep.art- 
ment; was a member of tlie " Pe:rce Congress" held 
in Washington in February, 1861; in December, 1862, 
resigned the office of Secretary, and was appointed 
.ludge of the United States District Court for the Dis- 
trict of Indiana. Died January 8, 1864. 

Smith, Daniel; was one of the earliest emigrants 
to Tennessee; was a General of Militi;i; was a Sena- 
tor in Congre.ss from Tennessee during the'year 1798, 
when he was supeiseded by J. Anderson; was again 
a Senator from ls,i5 to 1809. Died in July, 1818. 

Smith, Delazon ; w as born at New Berlin, 
Chenango Couuty. New York; graduated at the- 
Oberliu Collegiate Institute, of Ohio, in 1837; studied. 



BIOGKAPillCAL ANNALS. 



459 



law; becdniing a writer for the press, was associated 
witli tlit; Rochester Trur Jeffersimian. in New York, 
anil the H'os/cc/i Einpin; in Dayton, Ohio; was ap- 
poiutpd, by President Tyler, Special Commissioner to 
Qnit^); in 184l> removed to Iowa Territory, where he 
remained until 1852, when he emigrated to Oregon 
Territory; in 1854 was elected to the Assembly of 
Oregon, and was re-elected in 1855 and 1856; in 1857 
was a member of the Convention which framed a 
State Constitution; in July, 1858, was chosen one of 
the Senators in Congress for the prospective State, 
. and took his seat as such iri February, 1859. Died 
in Portland, Oregon, November 17, 18()0. 

Smith, Dietrich C; was born in Ostfriesland, 
Hanover, April 4, 1S4II; emigrated to the United 
States in l84l», and settled in Pekin, Illinois; entered 
the Union Army in 1861, and served throughont the 
war, attaining the rank of Captain; engaged in bank- 
ing and manufacturing; was a Representative in the 
Legislature of Illinois; was elected a Representative 
from Illinois to the Forty -seventh Congress. 

Smith, EdTvard Henry ; was born at Smith- 
town, Long Island, in 1809; received a good common 
school education; was bred a farmer, to which occu- 
pation he devoted his life; in 1860 was elected a Rep- 
resentative from New York to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Agri- 
culture, and Expenditures in the Post Ol^ce Depart- 
ment. 

Smith, Ed-ward P.; was born at South Britain, 
Connecticut, June 3, 1827; entered Dartmouth Col- 
lege, but graduated from Yale College in 1849, and 
\ from Andover Theological .Seminary in 1855; in 1856 
was settled over a church in Pepperell, Mas.sachusetts : 
in 1862 was a Delegate under the Christian Commis- 
sion; was soon made Field Agent for the Army of the 
West, and then of the East; also acted as Secretary of 
the Commission at Philadelphia; after the war 
entered the service of the American Missionary As- 
aoci.'ition, and aided in establishing schools for Freed- 
men; in 1871 was appointed an Indian Agent among 
the Chippewas in Minnesota; in 1873 was appointed 
Commissioner of Indian Affairs, without previous in- 
timation; in December, 1875, was appointed Presi- 
dent of Howard University. 

Smith, Ed^win B.; was born in Maine, about the 
year 1835; graduated at Bowdoin College in 1852; 
studied law, and, on coming to the bar, settled in 
Saco. .Maine, where he practiced his profession with 
success; frequently served in the State Legislature; 
was chosen Speaker in 1871 ; was subsequently the 
OfEcial Reporter of the Supreme Court; in August, 
1875, was appointed First Assistant in the office of 
the Attorney-General of the United States. 

Smith, Francis O. J.; was bom in Massachu- 
setts; was bred to the law; was elected to the As- 
sembly of .Maine in 1831; was President of the State 
Senate in 1833; was a Representative in Congress 
from Maine from 1833 to 1839. 

Smith, George; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1809 to 1813. 

Smith, George L.; was born in Hillsborough 
, County, New Hampshire. December 11, 1840; re- 
ceived a collegiate educition; served in the army; 
[settled in Louisiana at the close of the Civil War and 
engaged in mercantile business; was elected a mem- 
ber of the Assembly in 1870 and 1872; was proprie- 
tor of the Shreve'port !?outlw:<:strrn Tihijrnm: was 
President of a Savings Bank and Trust Company; 



was elected a Representative from Lonigiana to the 
Forty-third Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Revolutionary Pensions. 

Smith, George "WilUam ; was Governor of Vir- 
ginia from 1811 to 1812; lost his life at the burning 
of the Richmond Theater, December 26, 1811. 

Smith, Gerrit; was born in New York; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1853 
to 1855. 

Smith, Green Clay; was born in Richmond, 
Kentucky, July 2, 1830; graduated at Transyhnnia 
University in 1849, and in the Law Department of 
the same institution in 1852; was a School Commis- 
sioner from 1853 to 1857, establishing a great num- 
ber of schools; served as Second Lieutenant in the 
Me.'ciKin War; after the breaking out of the Rebel- 
lion, in 1861, had command of the Fourth Kentucky 
Cavalry; was elected to the State Legislature; was 
appointed a Brigadier-General in 1862, and subse- 
quently promoted to the rank of Major-General; was 
present at the battle of Ball's Bluff and about lifty 
other engagements; in 1863 was elected a Represent- 
ative from Kentucky to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Elections, and on the 
Militia; his commission as General he resigned De- 
cember 1, 1863; was a Delegate to the "Baltimore 
Convention " of 1864; was re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Committees on the 
Death of President Lincoln and Public Expendi- 
tures, as Chairman of the Committee on the Militia, 
and as a member of the Committee on Debts of the 
Loyal States; was also a member of the National 
Committee appointed to accompany the remains of 
President Lincoln to Illinois; in 1866, while still in 
Congress, was appointed, by President .Johnson, Gov- 
ernor of Moutaua; subsequently became a preacher 
in the Baptist Church. 

Smith, Hezekiah B.; was born at Bridgewater, 
Vermont, July 2(1, 1816; received a common school 
educatiou; learned the trade of a cabinet-maker, and 
became an inventor and manufacturer of wood ma- 
chinery ; was elected a Representative from New Jer- 
sey to the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Smith, Hiram Y.; was born at Piqua, Ohio, 
March 22, 1843; received an academic education; 
graduated from the Albany Law School, at .\lbany, 
New York, in 18lj(!,; was admitted to the bar and com- 
menced pr.actice at l>es Moines, Iowa, in 1866; was 
District Attorney of the Fifth Judicial District o< 
Iowa from 1875 to 1879; was a member of the State 
Senate of Iowa from 1882 to 1881; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Iowa to the Forty-eighth Congress, 
to till the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of 
John A. Kasson. 

Smith, Isaac ; was a graduate of Princeton Col- 
lege in 1755 and a tutor in that institution; was a 
Representative in Congress from New Jersey from 
1795 to 1797; was appointed, by President Washing- 
ton, in the latter year, a Commissioner to treat with 
the Seneca Indians; was a Judge of the Superior 
Court of New Jersey. Died in 1807. 

Smith, Isaac ; was a native of Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from that Stiite 
from 1313 to 1815. 

Smith, Israel ; was bom in Connecticut, April 4, 
17.59; graduated at Yale College in 1781; studied 
law. and settled at Rupert, Vermont; subsequently 
settled at Rutland, and was sent to the State Legis- 
lature from that town; was a Representative in Con- 



460 



T^TOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



gress from 1791 to 1797, acd again in 1800; was ap- 
pointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Ver- 
mont in 17H7; was a Senator in (.'Diigress during the 
years 1801 and 1802, and from 18o:-i to 18(17. when he 
resigned; was Governor of Vermont in 1807; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1809. Died Hecember 2, 
1810. 

Smith, James; was horn in Ireland in 1713; 
came to America when a bo^; received a classical 
education, and studied law in Lancaster. Tennsyl- 
vania; became interested in iron-works, and eminent 
in bis profession : on the approach of war took an 
active part in public affairs; raised a company and 
commanded it in the held, and was made a Colonel; 
also rook an active pari, i^ raising! additional troops; 
was a Delegate to the Continental Congress from 
1776 to 1778; was a signer of the Declaration of In- 
dependence; in 1780 entered the State Legislature; 
after retiring from that body devoted his whole at- 
tention to the practice of bis profession. Died July 
11, 1806. 

Smith, James Milton; was elected Governor 
of Georgia in 1872, for the term ending in 1877. 

Smith, James S.; was born in Orange County, 
North Carolina; \vas educated for the medical pro- 
fession; was a Kepresentative in Congress from North 
Carolina from 1817 to 1821; served in the Legislature 
of North Carolina in 1821. 

Smith, James Y.; was born at Groton, Con- 
necticut, September 15, 180f); at the age of seventeen 
removed to Providence, and engaged in the lumber 
business; in 1838 was a cotton manufacturer at 
Willimantic, Connecticut, and at AVoonsocket, Rhode 
Island; was afterward a member of the Legislature 
of Rhode Island for several years; was Mayor of 
Providence in 18."5 arid 18.57; was Governor of the 
State from 1863 to 1805; was a supporter of the 
Union Cause, and contributed from his own wealth, 
in aid of the soldiers and their tamilies during the 
war. 

Smith, J. Hyatt; was b^rn at Saratoga, New 
York, April 10, 1824; occupietl several clerical posi- 
tions; studied theology, and in 1848 was ordained a 
Minister of the Gosjiel; after having had several other 
charges, finally settled in Brooklyn, New York, in 
the prosecution of his calling; in 1880 was elected a 
Representative from New York to the Forty-seventh 
Congress. Died December 7, 1886. 

SiTiith, Jedediah "K..; -was a Representative in 
Congress from New Hampshire from ]S')7 to 18 9, 
and from 1^22 to ls25; held the office of .ludge 
and Chief Jmlge of the Court of Cujjuion Pleas lor 
Hillsborough County from 1810 to 1814; was also 
B State Councilor. Died in 1828, aged fifty-eight 
years. 

Smith, Jeremiah ; was born in Peterborough, 
New Hampshire; graduated at Kutgere College, New 
Jersey, in 1.80; received, from Harvard College, the 
degree of Doctor of Laws; was a Representative in 
Congress from .~^c\v Hampshire in 1791, and continued 
there till 179;, being one of the last survivors of the 
distinguished men who participated with Washing- 
ton in the administration of the Government; in 1801 
was appointed, by I'residcut John Adams, a Judge of 
the United States Circuit Court, but did not serve 
as the (jffice was soon afterwards abolished bv Con- 
gress; was chosen (Tuvernor of New Hampshire in 
1809; served as a Presidential Klector in 1809, and 
was, for several years, Chief Justice of the Superior 
Court of the State; his extraordinary mental endow- 



I meuts not only remained unimpaired, but even shone 
forth brightest when he was near the close of hia 
long life; few persons have been more widely 1- nown 
as statesmen and jurists, or have left behind them a 
more enduring reputation; his acquaintance with 
books was extensive, and his literary taste remarka- 
bly correct and pure; he was highly esteemed, not 
only as a lawyer and judge, but for his eminent 
social qualifications, at.d for all the attributes of a 
great and good man; he was a devoted friend of Dan- 
iel \\'eb.ster. Died at Dover, New Hampshire, Sep- 
tember 21, 1843. 

Smith, John ; was a General of Militia in New 
York; was a member of the State Legislature from 
17S4 to 1799; was a member of the Convention which 
adopted the Constitution; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1799 to 1804, when he 
resigned; from 1804 to 1813 was a Senator in Con- 
gress; in the latter year was appointed, by President 
Madison, United States Marshal for New York. Died 
in 1816. 

Smith, John ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Virginia from H-Ol to 1815. 

Smith, John; was born in 1735; was a Senatoi 
in Congress from Ohio from 1803 to 1808, when he 
resigned; was a warm personal friend of Aaron Burr, 
and though for a time suspected, was in reality inno- 
cent, of treasonable designs. Died in July, 1816. 

Smith, John ; was born at Barre, Massachusetts, 
in August, 1789; received a liberal education; re- 
moved, in early life, to St. Albans, Vermont, where 
he was admitted to practice as a lawj-er in 1810; rep- 
resented St. Albans in the Legislature for nine suc- 
cessive years; was elected State's Attorney of Frank- 
lin County in 1826, and served six years; in 1831, 
1832. and 1^33 was Speaker in the General Assem- 
bly; was a Representative in Congress from Vermont 
from 1839 to 1S41, after which he resumed the prac- 
tice of his profession; received the degree of A.M. 
from Middlebury College and the University of Ver- 
mont; in 1816 became enlisted in important railroad 
projects, and was so engaged at the time of his sud- 
den death, which occurred at St. Albans, November 
26, 1858. 

Smith, John A.; was born at Hillsborough, 
Ohio, September 23, 1814; graduated at the Miami 
University; studied and practiced law; was a mem- 
ber of the Ohio Legislature in 1841 and 1842; was a 
member of the State Constitutional Convention of 
1851; was elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
Forty-lirst and Forty-second Congresses, serving on 
the Cummittee on Indian Affairs. 

Smith, John Ambler ; was born near Dinvrid- 
die Court House, Virginia, September 23, 1847; was 
educated at a high school; studied law, and was ad- i") 
mitted to the bar in 1867; in 1868 was appointed 
Commissioner in Chancery of the courts of Richmond ; 
was State Attorney of Charles City and New Kent p-. 
Counties for one year; was elected to the State Sen- ' ' ^ 
ate in 1S69; was elected a Representative from Vir- " ~ 
ginia to the Forty-third Congress, serving on the Com- ■M 
mittees on Patents, and Railroads and Canals. 

Smith, John B. ; was a Representative in Con- I 
gress from Louisiana from 1853 to 1855. 

Smith, John Cotton ; was bom at Sharon, Con- 
necticut, February 12, 1765; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1783; studied law, and was admitted to prac- 
tice, in Litchfield County, in 1786; was a member of 
the State Senate in 1793; from 1796 to 1800 was a 
member of the Lower House; in 1799 was elected 



BIOGKAFHICAL ANNALS. 



461 



Speaker: was a Representative in Congress from Con- 
necticut from 1800 to 1806, when he resigned; was a 
Presidential Klcctor in 1800; was agiin a member of 
the Legislature until 1809, when lie was chosen a 
member of the Council; was Governor of Connecticut 
from 1812 to 1817; was Lieutenant-Governor, and 
Judge of the Superior Court; received the degree of 
LL. D. from Yale College; was a member of the 
Northern Society of Antiquaries in Copenhagen, and 
of the Connecticut Historical Society, and also of 
various religious associations. Died at Sharon, Con- 
necticut, November 7, 1845. 

Smith, John Cotton; was a citizen of Con- 
necticut; in 1858 was appointed Minister Resident to 
Bolivia; was recalled in 18til. 

Smith, John Gregory ; was born at St. Albans, 
Vermont, .Tuly 22, 1818; graduated at the University 
of Vermont in 1838, and at the New Haven Law 
School; began to practice law with his brother John, 
in 1838, and at his death succeeded him as Chancel- 
lor in 1858; was a member of the State Senate in 18.'>8 
and 1859; was a Representative in the State Legisla- 
ture from 1860 to 1862, and Speaker in 1862; was 
Governor of Vermont from 1863 to 1865; was an active 
supporter of the Union Cause during the Civil War; 
in 1866 was made President of the North Pacific Rail- 
road. 

Smith, John Q.; was born in Warren County, 
Ohio, November 5, 1824; was educated at the com- 
mon schools; was a farmer; was a member of the 
Ohio State Senate in 1860 and 1872; was a member of 
the State House of Representatives in 1862 and 1863; 
was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Forty- 
third Congress, serving on the Committee on Claims; 
in December, 187.i, was appointed Commissiouer of 
Indian Affairs. 

Smith, John Speed ; was born in Jessamine 
County, Kentucky, July 31, 1792; served as a soldier 
under General Harrison, and was at the battle of 
Tippecanoe; was Aid-de-cauij) to the same General at 
the battle of the Thames, in 1813; in 1819 was elect- 
ed to the Legislature of Kentucky; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Kentucky from 1821 to 
1823; in 1827 was again elected to the State Legis- 
lature, and was made Speaker of the House; subse- 
quently served several terms both in the House and 
Senate; was appointed, by President Jackson, United 
States Attorney for the District of Kentucky ; was, at 
one time, a commissioner to the Legislature of Ohio, 
on a mission of local interest; wa.s Superintendent of 
Public Works in Kentucky, for several years. Died 
in Madison County, June 6, 1854. 

Smith, John T.; was born in Pennsylvania; was 
elected a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1843 to 1845, and was a member of the Commit- 
tee on E.xpeuditures in the State Department. 

Smith, Jonathan B.; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1760; was a Delegate from Pennsylvania 
to the Continental Congress from 1777 to 1778, and 
■was a signer of the Articles of Confederation. 

Smith, Joseph L.; was born in Connecticut; 
was weU educated, and adopted the profession ol the 
law; having become a resident of Florida, was ap- 
pointed United States Judge for that Territory, serv- 
ing as such until 1832. 

Smith, Joseph S.; was born in Fayette County, 
Pennsylvania, June 20, 1824; received a common 
school education; adopted the profession of tlie law; 
removed to Oregon, and then to Washington Terri- 



tory; was made Proseci ting Attorney; was elected to 
the Territorial Legislature, and made Speaker in 
18.")7: was, for two years, United States District At- 
torney for tlie Territory, but resigned and returned to 
Oregon; was interested in the first woolen mill 
erected on the Pacific Slope, which was eminently 
successful; in 181)7 retired from business and visited 
Europe; on his return was elected a Representative 
from Oregon to the Forty-first Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Post Offices and Post Roads, and 
Revo'utionary Pensions; in 1864 was nominated I'ora 
seat on the Supreme Bench of the State, but de- 
clined. 

Smith, Josiah ; was born at Pembroke, Ma.ssa- 
chusetts, in 1745; graduated at Harvard University 
in 1774; was a Representative in Congress from Mas- 
.sachusetts from 1801 to 1803; on his return from 
Washington, in March, 1803, took the sniall-pox in 
New York, and died at home before the close of the 
month. 

Smith, Melancthon ; was a Delegate from 
New Y'ork to the Continental Congress from 1785 to 
1788. 

Smith, Merriwether ; was born in Essex Conn, 
ty, Virginia; was long a member of the House of Bur. 
gesses; was a member of all the Virginia Convenj 
tions in 1775 and 1776; was a member of the Federa_ 
Convention of Virginia; was a Delegate to the Conti 
nental Congress from 1778 to 17.s2. 

Smith, Nathan; was born at Roxbury, Con- 
necticut, in 1770; received his professional education 
at the Law School in Litclilield; was a member of 
the Convention that formed the State Constitution; 
was, for many years, State's Attorney for the county 
of New Haven; frequently served in the State Legis- 
lature; was, for several years. United States Attorney 
for the District of Connecticut; was a Delegate to the 
"Hartford Convention " in 1814; represented his na- 
tive State in the Senate of the United States from 
1833 to 1835; was long known as an eminent lawyer, 
respected for his integrity and ability. Died at 
Washington, District of Columbia, December 6, 1836. 

Smith, Nathaniel ; was born in Woodbury, 
Connecticut, January 6, 1762; his education was lim- 
ited; studied law, and settled in practice in his na- 
tive town in 1789; was, for many years, a member of 
the State Legislature, serving, at different times, in 
both houses; was a Representative in Congress from 
Connecticut from 1795 to 1799; in 1806 was elected 
Judge of the Supreme Court of the State, and held 
the office until 1819; was gre.atly esteemed for his 
integrity and pietj*. Died March 9, 1822. 

Smith, Oliver Hampton ; was born near Tren- 
ton, New Jersey, October 23, 1794; studied law; in 
1824 was Prosecuting Attorney for the Third District 
of Indiana; was elected to the State Legislature in 
1822; was a Representative in Congress from Indiana 
from 1827 to 1829; was a Senator in Congress from 
1837 to 1848; was the author of a work giving his 
"Recollections of Congressional Life," originally 
published in the Indiauaiiolis Jmirnal; subsequently 
devoted much attention to tlic internal ali'airs of his 
adopted State. Died at Indianapolis, March 19, 1849. 

Smith, Perry; was born at Wasliington, Con- 
necticut; attended the Litchfield Law School; settled 
in New Milford in 1807; was a State Representative 
for four years; was a Judge of I^robate for two years; 
was a Senator in Congress from 1837 to 1843. Died 
in New Milford in 1852. 



4lil 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Smith, Richard; was a Delegate from New Jer- 
sey to the Continental Congress from 1774 to 1776. 

Smith, Robert; was born in 17.57; served as a 
volunteer in the Revolutionary War, and was present, 
at the battle of Braudywine; served as a member of 
the Maryhiud Legislature; was Secretary of the Navy 
from 186-2 to 1805, in President Jefferson's Cabinet; 
was Secretary of the Navy under President Madison, 
wliich ofiioe he resigned and retired to private life. 
Died in Baltimore, Maryland, November 2G, 1842. 

Smith, Robert ; was born at Petersborough, 
New Hampshire, June 12, 1802: reeeived a limited 
education; was a farmer by oceiipation until he at- 
tained his twentieth year, but subsequently engaged 
in manufacturing and merchandising; removed to Il- 
linois in 1832; served in the Illinois Legislature frimi 
183() to 1810; was Enrolling and Engrossing Clerk of 
the House of Representatives of Illinois from 1840 to 
1843; was then elected to Congress, and served until 
March 4, 1849; was re-eiected to the Thirty-tilth 
Congress, being Chairman of the Committee on Mile- 
age; sul)SO(iuently took an active part in organizing 
the railroads in "his adopted State. Died at Alton, 
Illinois, December, 1867. 

Smith, Samuel; was born in Lancaster County, 
Penn.sylvania, Jnly 27, 17.52: was a distinguished 
merchant of Baltimore, Maryland, and contril)nted 
largely to the advancement of tliat city, of which lie 
was once Mayor; rose from the rank of Captain to 
that of Brifi.adier-tieneral in the Revolutionary War; 
in 1776 was a member of the ( onvention for fr.aming 
the ConstinUion of Maryland: was a Representative 
in Congress from that State, from 1793 to 1803, and 
again from 181(i to 1822; was a Senator in Congress 
Irom 1803 to 1815, and again from 1822 to 1833, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on Finance: 
during a part of the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, 
officiated as President pro tern, of the Senate. Died 
suddenly, at Baltimore, April 25, 1839. 

Smith, Samuel; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania, from 1805 to 1809. 

Smith, Samuel ; was born at Peterborongli, 
New Hampshire, in 1767; held many public posi- 
tions; was, for many years, a manufacturer of paper: 
•wa-s a Representative in Congress from New Hamp- 
shire, from 1813 to 1815. Died in 1842. 

Smith, Samuel A.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from Bucks County, 
Penn.sylvania, from 1829 to 1833, serving, during his 
second term, on the Committee on ji griculture. 

Smith, Samuel A.; was born in Monroe County, 
Tennessee, June 26, 1822; lost his father when quite 
young, and, with limited opportunities for attending 
school, spent the most of his time on a fiirm until he 
became of age; at that time began to attend school 
in earnest; at the end of three months became a 
teacher, and for two years alternately attended 
and taught school in his native county; also taught 
school, for a while, during ten months that he studied 
law; was admitted to the bar in 1845; during that 
year was elected Attorney-General for the Third 
Judicial District of Tennessee, which office he held 
until ISf^: was a Delegiiteto the " National Conven- 
tion of that year, held at Baltimore; was soon after- 
wards elected a Presidential Elector; was again 
chosen a Presidential Elector in 1852; in 18.50 took 
a deep interest in the afiairs of the East Tennes.see 
and Georgia Railroad; was elected a Representative 
from Tenne.ssee to the Thirty-third Congress; was 
re-elected to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Con- 



gresses, and was Chairman of the Joint Committee 
on Printing; in 1859 was appointed, by President 
Buchanan, Commissioner of the General Land Office; 
resigned in February, 1860. 

Sm.ith, Samuel Emerson ; was born at Hollis, 
New Hampshire, March 12, 1788; graduated at Har- 
vard University in 1808; studied law; was admitted 
to tlie bar in Boston, and settled in Wiscasset. Maine, 
in 1812; was a Representative in the Legislature in 
1819 and 1820; was Chief Justice of the Court of 
Common Pleas of Maine in 1821; was Justice of the 
State Court of Common Pleas from 1822 to 1830; 
was Governor of Maine from 1831 to 1834; was again 
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas from 1835 to 
1837; in the latter year was a Commissioner to re- 
vise the Public Statutes of Maine. Died in Wis- 
casset, March 3, 1860. 

Smith, Thomas; was bom in Scotland; emi- 
grated to America; was a lawyer by profession; in 
1709 was appointed Deputy-Surveyor, and settled in 
Bedford, Pennsylvania; was Prothonotary Clerk of 
the Sessions and Recorder of Bedford County; was 
Colonel of Militia during the Revolution; was a 
member of the " Constitutional Convention " in 1776; 
was a member of the State Legislature; was a Dele- 
gate to the Continental Congress from 1780 to 1782; 
was President-Judge from 1791 to 1794; was a Judge 
of the Superior Court of Pennsylvania from 1794 to 
1809. Died at Bedford, Pennsylvania, June, 1809. 

Smith, Thomas ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1815 to 1817. 

Smith, Thomas; was bom in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from Indiana from 
1839 to 1841, and again from 1843 to 1847. 

Smith, Thomas L.; was born in Virginia; was 
a man of superior culture; was appointed Register of 
the Treasury, by President Jackson, in 1829, and 
continued in that position until 1845; in 1849 wa.s 
appointed, by President Taylor, First Auditor of 
the Treasury, which office he held until his death, 
which occurred in Washington, December 4, 1871. 
During his protracted residence in Washington, as an 
official of the Government, he commanded the high- 
est regard of the community. 

Smith, Truman; was born in Rocksbnry, 
Litchfield County, Connecticut, November 27, 1791; 
graduated at Yale College in 1815; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1818; was elected to the 
State Legislature in 1831, and re-elected in 1832 and 
1834; in 1839 was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, and was re-elected in 1841 ; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1844; in 1845 was again elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, and was re-elected in 1847; in 
1849 took his seat in the United States Senate for a 
full term of six years; resigned in 1854; engaged 
in tlie practice of his profession in New York City; 
was appointed, by President Lincoln, Judge of the 
Court of Arbitration in New York, under the Treaty 
of 1862 with Great Britain. 

Smith, Walter H.; was bom in Ohio; in 1871 
was appointed an Assistant Attorney-General of the 
United States. 

Smith, William; was a Delegate to the Con- 
tinental Congress from Maryland from 1777 to 1778; 
was a Representative in Congress, under the Con- 
stitution, from 1789 to 1791, when he was appointed, 
by President Washington, Auditor of the Treasury; 
in 1792 was a Presidential Elector. Died in Balti- 
more, March 27, 1814, aged eighty-four years. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



463 



Smith, ■William ; was a Representative in Con- 
giess from South Carolina from 1789 to 1799; re- 
signed on beinsi ajipointed, by President John 
Adams, United States Minister to Portugal. 

Smiith, "William ; was born in North Carolina 
in 17()2; emigrated to South Carolina; was educated 
at Mount Zion College; studied law; and came to the 
bar in 1792; was a Senator in Congress from South 
Carolina from ISKi to 1823. and again from 182() to 
1831, officiating on two occasions as I'resident pro 
tern, of the Senate; in 1837 received the electoral 
vote of Virginia for Vice-President of the United 
Stal<'s; served in the Legislature of South Carolina; 
was .Judg ' of the Superior Court of that State; was a 
distinguished supporter of the doctrine of State 
Rights; was offered a Seat on the Bench of the Su- 
preme Court of the United States, but declined it; 
passed the latter years of his life in Alabama, and 
died at Huntsville, in July, 1840. 

Smith, "William; was born;in Chesterfield, Vir- 
ginia; was a Representative from that State to the 
Nineteenth Congress. 

Smith, "William; was born in King George 
County, Virginia, September 6, 1797; after prosecut- 
ing his studies at Plainfield Academy, in Connecticut, 
and at private schools in Virginia, studied law and 
commenced the practice in 1818; soon after was the 
means of establishing a line of post-coaches through 
Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia, by which he 
made a fortune; in 1836 was elected to the State 
Legislature; was re-elected in 1840; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress during the term of 1842 and 
g, 1843; in 1845 was elected Governor of Virginia for 
three years; in 1853 was again elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress, in which position he continued 
until the breaking out of the Rebellion in 1861 ; was 
Chairman of the Special Committee on the Laws of 
Public Printing, and a member of the Committee on 
Territories in the Thirty-sixth Congress; subse- 
quently served as a Brigadier-General in the Vir- 
ginia Army, and was wounded at Antietam. 

Smith, "William Alexander; was born in 
"Warren County, North Carolina. .January 9, 1828; 
1 received a limited education; was a farmer; was a 
^^lember of the Secession Convention of North Caro- 
Vo lina in 1861; was a Representative in the State 
^ Legislature in 1864; was a member of the Constitu- 
tional Convention in 1865; was a member of the 
^ State Senate in 1870; was President of the North 
Carolina Railroad, and of the Yadkin River Railroad ; 
was appointed Receiver of the "Western North Caro- 
lina Railroad in 1873: was elected a Representative 
from North Carolina to the Forty-third Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Public Expenditures. 

Smith, "William E.; was born at Augusta, Geor- 
gia, March 14. 1829: removed, with his father, to 
Albany, in that State, in 1842; received an academic 
education: studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1848; was elected Ordinary of Dougherty County 
in 1853; in 1850 was made Solicitor-GenerjU for the 
Southwestern Circuit; in 1861 entered the Confeder- 
ate Army in the Fourth Georgia Regiment as First 
Lieutenant; was elected Captain in 1862; lost a leg 
in front of Richmond, which caused him to retire 
fiom the service and return to the practice of law; in 
18(13 was elected to the Confederate House of Repre- 
sentatives, and continued in that office during its ex- 
istence; tlion engaged in agricultural pursuits and 
cotton planting; in 1874 declined the .ludgeship of 
the Albany Circuit ; was elected a Representative from 
Georgia to the Forty -fourth, Forty-iifth and Forty- 
sixth Congresses. 



\ 



^^ 



Smith, "William H.; was born in Georgia, April 
9. 1826; received an ordinary ICnglish education; 
studied law, and came to the bar in 1852; removed 
to Alabama, and was twice elected to the Legisla- 
ture; was a Presidential Elector in l-'5(i; was ap- 
pointed a Circuit Judge of the State; in 1868 was 
elected Governor of Alabama for the term of two 
years. 

Smith, "William Loughton ; was a statesman 
of .South Carolina; was a Representative from .South 
Carolina to Congress from 1789 to 1799; resigned on 
being appointed, by President John Adams, United 
States Minister to Portugal; was Minister to Spain in 
1800 and 1801: published an oration July 4, 1796; a 
comparative \\ew of the Constitutions of the States 
and the United States in 1797; a pamphlet against 
the pretensions of Jefferson to the Presidency; es- 
says signed "Phocian," and an address to his 
constituents in 1794 ; his speeches and letters to his 
constituents were re-published in Loudon in 1795; 
received the degree of LL.D. Died in 1812. 

Smith, "William N. H.; was born in Murfrees- 
borough. Hertloid Couutv, North Carolina, Septem- 
ber 24. 1812: graduated at Yale College in 1834; 
.studied law in New Haven for two years, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1839; in 1810 was elected a 
member of the State House of Commons; in 1848 
was elected to the State Senate; before the expiration 
of his senatorial term was chosen Solicitor of the 
First Judicial District, holding the office for eight 
years; in 1858 was again elected to the House of 
Commons, but resigned his seat; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from North Carolina to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the Committee on 
Commerce; took part in the Rebellion of 1861 as a 
member of the so-called Confederate Congress; was a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "National Union Con- 
vention'' of 1866, and the New York Convention of 
1868. 

Smith, "William R.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Alabama, his native State, from 1851 
to 18.5^ where he acquired reputation by making :i 
demonstration against Kossuth; chiefly devoted him 
self to literature and law, and had a seat on the 
bench ol Alabama. 

Smith, "William Stephens; was born in New 
York in 1755: graduated at New Jersey College in 
1774: was ,\id to General Sullivan in 177(;; wa.s Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel of the Thirteenth Massaclinsetts Regi- 
ment from November. 1778. to March, 1779; was sev- 
eral times wounded; was then, for a short time, at^ 
tached to the Staff of Steuben, but left July, ITS], io 
become .\ id-de-camp to Washington: was Secretary 
of Legation under John Adams, in England, in 178..; 
was Surveyor of the port of New York; served thr<e 
years a,s a member of the New York Assembly; was 
President of the New York Cincinnati Society in 
1804; was a Representative in Congress from 1813 to 
1816. Died at Lebanon, New York, June 10, 1816. 

Smith, "Worthington C; was born in St. Al- 
b.ans, Vermont, April 23, 1823; graduated at the 
University of Vermont, in Burlington, in 1643; stud- 
ied law, but abandoned the profession, and became 
an iron merchant and manufacturer; in 1863 was 
chosen to the Legislature of the State; in 1864 and 
1865 was elected to the State Senate, officiating dur- 
ing the la-st session as President of the Senate: was 
elected a Representetive from Vermont to tlie Fortieth 
and Forty-first Congresses, serving on the Committees 
on Manufactures, "Weights and Measures, and Bank- 
ing and Currency. 



464 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Smith, W. J.; was bom in Birmingbam, Eng- 
land; came to tbis country wben quite young; after 
learning the trade of a painter, settled in New York 
City; when the war with Mexico commenced, «ent 
to Xew Orleans and enlisted in the army; after tl e 
war, spent ten years in Memphis, Tennessee, follow- 
ing his business, after which lie devoted himself to 
agricultural pursuits; during the Kebtllion h;is per- 
secuted and arrested on account of his devotion to the 
Union cause; on being released, acted as ;i guide for 
the troops in Tennessee; enlisted iu the Volunteer 
Army as a private, and rose to the rank of Brevet 
Brigadier-General; was a member of the Convention 
to re-organize the State Government iu Tennessee; 
was subsequently elected to the .State Legislature; in 
1867 was elected to the State Senate; in 1868 was 
elected a Representative from Tennessee to the Forty- 
first Congress, serving on the Committees on Agrical- 
ture, and Public Buildings. 

Smithers, Nathaniel B.; was bom in Dover, 
Delaware, October 8, 1818; graduated at Lafayette 
College, Pennsylvania, in 1836; studied law, and 
came to the bar in 1840; was Clerk of the Delaware 
House of Representatives in 1845 and 1847; in Jan- 
uary, 1863, was appointed Secretary of State for Del- 
aware, which position he resigned; was elected a 
Representative from Delaware to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Elections; 
was a Delegate to the "Baltimore Convention" ol 
1864, and also to the Philadelphia 'Loyalists' Con- 
vention" of 1866. 

Smyth, Alexander; was bom at Island o) 
Rathlin, Ireland, in 17(15; was a member of the Vir- 
ginia Legislature; was appointed a Colonel of Rifles 
in July, 1808; was appointed acting Inspector-Gen- 
eral, with rank of Brig;idier-General, .Tuly, 1812; un- 
dertook the invasion of Canada in November, 1812, 
but proved incompetent and was removed from the 
army; was a Representative in Congress from Vir- 
ginia from 1817 to 1825, and from 1.^27 to 1830. Died 
in Washington, District of Columbia, April 26, 1830. 
He published " Regulations for United States In- 
fantry," in 1812, and a pamphlet on the Apocalypse. 

Smyth, Frederick; was Governor of New 
Hampshire for two years, from 1865 to 1867. 

Smyth, Q-eorg-e W.; was born in North Caro- 
lina; was elected a Representative in Congress from 
Texas from 1853 to 1855. 

Smyth, John Henry ; was born at Richmond. 
Virginia, in IHU; received an academic education at 
the Institute for Colored Youth, under the patronage 
of the Society of Friends, at Philadelphia, Penn.syl- 
vania, graduating therefrom in 1862; taught in the 
public schools of Philadelphia, Pottsville, Columbia, 
and Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania; studied law in 
Philadelphia and at Howard University, Washing- 
ton, District of Culumbia; while prosecuting his 
duties was a Clerk iu the E-cecutive Departments at 
Washington; was admitted to the bar at Washington 
in 1871, and to the bar of the Supreme Court of 
North Carolina in 1875; in the latter year was a 
Delegate to the State Constitutional Convention; was 
subsequently a Clerk in the Treasury Department at 
Washington; in 1878 was appointed Minister Resi- 
dent and Consul-General of the United States to Li- 
beria; was recalled in 1881 and re-instated in 1882; 
was made a Doctor of Laws, by Liberia College, in 
1882. 

Smyth, "WUliam ; was born in Tyrone Cotmty, 
Ireland, January 3, 1824; received an ;icademic edu- 



cation; came to Pennsylvania in 1838, where he 
taught school and was clerk iQ a store; removed to 
iovva iu 1844, and studied law; from 1848 until 1853 
was Attorney for Linn County; was .fudge of the 
same from 18-54 to 1857; in 1858 was appointed a 
Commissioner to codify the State laws; also held sev- 
eral other appointments from the Governor; was a 
Colonel of Iowa Volunteers from 1862 to 1864, when 
he resigned ; was elected a Representative from Iowa 
to the Fortj'-first Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Public Lands, and the Militia. 

Snapp, H.; was born in Livingston County, New 
York, June 30, 1S22; was educated in Rochester, and 
in Homer. Illinois, in 1833; studied law in Joliet; 
was admitted to the bar in 1843; practiced law for 
twenty-tive years; was elected to the Illinois State 
.Senate in 1869, and served until elected to the For- 
ty-.secoud Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Railways and Canals. 

Sneed, "William H.; was bom in Tennessee; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1855 to 1857. 

Snodgrass, John Fryall ; was born in Berke- 
ley County, Virginia, March 2, 1804; was a lawyer by 
profession, and practiced in Parkersburg, Virginia; 
was a member of the Virginia " Constittitional Con- 
vention " assembled at Richmond in 1850; was a 
Representative in Congress from Virginia from 1853 
until his death, which occurred while trying a case 
in court in Parkersburg, June 5, 1854. 

Sncw, 'William W.; was born in Massachu- 
setts; removed to New York; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from that State to the Thirty-second Con- 
gress. 

Sncw, Zenibbabel ; was an early emigrant to 
the Territory of Utah; in 1850 was appointed a Judge 
of the United States Court for that District. 

Snowden, James Ross ; was bom at Chester, 
Delaware Cotmty, Pennsylvania, in 1810; wasSpeak- 
er of the House of Representatives of the State from 
1842 to 1844; was State Treasurer from 1845 to 1847; 
was Treasurer of the United States Mint from 1847 
to 1850, and Director of the same from 1853 to 1861; 
published "Descriptions of Coins in the United 
States Mint," 8vo, 1860, " Descriptions of Medals in 
the United States Mint," in 1861, "The Mint at 
Philadelphia," 1861, "Coins of the Bible," etc., 
1864, "The Corn Planter Memorial," 1867; was the 
author of the Articles on Coins of the United States 
in the National Almanac of 1873, and many pam- 
phlets on the subject. Died March 22, 1878. 

Snyder, Adam "W.; was bom in 1801 ; frequent- 
ly served in the State Legislature of Illinois; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1837 
to 1839; was a candidate for Governor of the State at 
the time of his death, which occurred at Belleville, 
Illinoia, May 14, 1842. 

Snyder, Charles Philip; was bom near 
Charleston, Kanawha County, West Virginia, June 
9, 1847; received a common school education; studied 
law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac- 
tice in 1871; was elected Prosecuting Attorney of 
Kanawha County in 1876; was re-elected in 1880, 
,ind continued to serve until elected a Rei>resenta- 
tive from West Virginia to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress, to fill the vacancy caused by the elevation of 
John E. Kenna to the United .States Senate; was re- 
elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 




Smithsonian Institution Building, 
washington. 




National Museum Building, 
washington. 



BIOGRAPUICAL ANNALS. 



465 



Snyder, John ; was^born in Pennsylvania; was 
elected a Representative'in Congress from that State 
from 1841 to 18 i:j, and was a member of the Com- 
mittee on the Militia. 

Snyder, Oliver P. ; was born in Missouri, No- 
vember 13, 1833; received an academic education; 
removed to Arkansas in 1853; was, for several years, 
engaged in scientific and literary pursuits; studied 
and practiced law; was a member of the General 
Assembly of Arkansas in 18(>4 and 1865; was elected 
a Delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 
1867; was a Presidential Elector in 1868; was 
elected a member of the State .Senate for four years; 
was appointed one of the three Commissioners to re- 
vise and re-arrange the Statutes of Arkansas; was 
elected a Representative from Arkansas to the Forty- 
second and Forty-third Congresses, and served on the 
Committees on Freedmen and the Militia; in March, 
1875, was appointed Postmaster at Pine Bluff in 
Arkansas. 

Snyder, Simon ; was born in Lancaster County, 
Pennsjlvania, November 5, 1759; rose from the posi- 
tion of apprentice to the highest honors of the State; 
was a member of the Convention which framed the 
Constitution of Pennsylvania; was several years 
Speaker of the House of Representatives of Pennsyl- 
vania; in 1818 was a member of the State Senate; 
was Governor of Pennsylvania from 1808 to 1817. 
Died at Selio's Grove, in Northumberland County, 
November 9, 1819. 

Soller3, Augustus R.; was born in Maryland; 
was elected a Representative in Congress from his 
native State from 1841 to 1843, and again from 1853 
to 1.S55; was a Presidential Elector in 1856. 

Solomon, Ed-ward; was Governor of Wisconsin 
from 1861 to 1863. 

Somes, Daniel E.; was a Representative from 
Maine in the Thirty -sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Public Expenditures; 
from 1855 to 1857 was Mayor of Biddeford, Maine; 
from 1856 to 1858 was President of the City Bank of 
that city; was a member of the " Peace Congress " 
of 1861; subsequently settled in Washington as a 
Claim Agent. Declined all appeals for information. 

Soule, Nathan ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York, from 1831 to 1833; was a 
member of the State Assembly from Onondaga in 
1837. 

Soule, Pierre ; was born at Castillion, in the 
Pyrenees, in 1801, during the First Consulate of 
Napoleon; was destined for the Church, and in 1816 
w:us sent to the Jesuits College at Toulouse; was af- 
terwards sent to complete his studies at Bordeau.x; at 
the age of fifteen took part in a conspiracy against the 
Bourbons, and the plot being discovered, was com- 
pelled to take refuge in a little village of Navarre, 
where he remained for more than a year, following 
the occupation of a shepherd; was permitted to re- 
turn to Bordeaux, but longed for a more exciting 
scene of action, and accordingly repaired to Paris; 
here.' in conjunction with Barthelemy and Mery, he 
established a pacer advocating Liberal Republican 
sentiments; this soon brought him under the eye of 
the authorities, and he was put upon trial; his advo- 
cate appealed to the clemency of the court in behalf 
of the prisoner on the score of his youth; this line of 
defense did not suit the prisoner, who rose from his 
(joa* and addressed the Court, denying the criminality 
of his opinions and conduct; his eloquence did not 

30 



save him from St. Pelagie, whence he succeeded in 
making his escape to England; disappointed in his 
expectations of obtaining a situation in Chili, which 
had been promised him, and finding hira.self alone in 
a strange country, wholly ignorant of the language, 
he returned to France; at Havre met a friend, a Cap- 
tain in the French Navy, vrho advised liini to seek an 
asylum in the United States, and offered him a pas- 
sage in his ship as far as St. Domingo; accepted the 
proposition, and arrived at Port-au-Prince in Septem- 
ber, 1825; from this place took passage to Baltimore; 
removed to New Orleans in the fell of 1825; having 
determined to make the law his profession, first ap- 
plied himself a,ssiduously to the study of Englisli; 
passed his examination for the bar in that language, 
and was admitted; in 1847 was elected a Senator in 
Congress from Louisiana, to till a vacancy, and was re- 
elected in 1849 for the term of six years; resigned in 
1853; in 1853 was appointed, by President Pierce, 
Minister to Spain; in 1862 was arrested in New Or- 
leans for disloyalty to the Government, and, after an 
imprisonment of some months in Fort Lafayette, was 
released on condition that he would not returu to 
Louisiana until the end of the Rebellion. Died in 
Nevf Orleans, March 26, 1870. 

Southard, Henry ; was born on Long Island, 
New York, in October, 1749; when eight years of 
age his father removed to Baskinridge, in the Colony 
of New Jersey; received but an ordinary education, 
and as a day laborer, earned the money to buy a 
farm; took an active part in the Revolutionary War; 
after the adoption of the Constitution served nine 
years in the State Legislature; was a Representative 
in Congress from New Jersey from 1801 to 1811, and 
from 1815 to 1821; a short time before returing from 
Congress met his son in a Joint Committee, and they 
voted together on the Missouri Compromise. Ditd 
June 2, 1-^42. He was a man of superior talents and 
remarkable memory. 

Southard, Isaac ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New Jersey from 1831 to 1833. Died Sep- 
tember 18, 1850. 

Southard, Milton I.; was born in Licking Coun- 
ty, Ohio, October 20, 1836; graduated at Denison 
University, Ohio, in 1861; studied la -.v. and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1863; was elected Attorney for 
Muskingum County in 1867, 1869, and 1871; waa 
elected a Representative from Ohio to the Forty-third 
Congress, and was re-elected to the Forty-fourth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Mines and Min- 
ing, and on the Treasury Department; in December, 
1875, was appointed Chairman of the Committee on 
Territories; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Con- 
gress. 

Southard, Samuel L.; was the son of HAiry 
Southard ; was born in Baskinridge. New Jersey, 
June 9, 1787; graduated at Princeton College, New 
Jersey, in 1804; soon afterwards removed to Virginia, 
where he w.as .admitted to the bar; in 1811 returned 
to his native State; rose to a high position ns a law- 
yer; wa-s. for several years, Deputy-Attorney; in 1814 
was admitted as Counselor-at-law, and appointed, by 
the Legislature, Law Reporter; in 1S15 was elected 
to the Legislature; in a week after taking his seat, 
was placed on the bench of the Supreme Court of 
New Jersey; in 1820 was a Presidential Elector; in 
1821 was elected a Senator in Congress, .serving aa 
President pro tern, of that body; remained there until 
' S:23, when he was appointed, by President Monroe, 
Secretary of the Navy; was also acting Secretary of 
the Treasury, and for a short period, acting Secre- 
tary of War; in 1822 was elected a Trustee of Nass.-ui 



466 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Hall, and also of the Theological Seminary of Prince- 
ton; in 18:!0 was elected Attorney-General of New 
Jersey; in 1S.;2 was Governor of the State; in 18.13 
was again elected to the United States Senate, and 
served until 184-2; on the death of President Harri- 
son, became the President of the Senate; he is re- 
membered In New Jersey as the "favorite son" of 
that State. Died in Fredericksburg, Virginia, June 
26, 1842. 

Southgate, William W.; was born in Ken- 
tucky; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1837 to 1839; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1840 and 1844. 

So-wden, W. H.; was a resident of Allentown, 
Pennsylvania; in 1884 was elected a Representative 
from Pennsylvania to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Spaight, Richard D.; commenced his academic 

studies in Ireland, and finished his education at the 
University of Glasgow; joined the American Army 
in 1778, as .A-id-de-camp to General Caswell, and was 
at the battle of Camden in 1780; in 1781 entered the 
Hou.sc of Commons of North Carolina; from 178 i to 
1874 was a member of the Continental Congress, and 
also during tlie years 1785 and 1786; was one of the 
Delegates to liirni the Constitution of the United 
States, to which his name is appended; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1797; in 1792 w;is again elected to 
the Local Legislature; was the same year elected 
Governor of North Carolina; was a Representative in 
Congress from 1798 to 1801, after which he was elected 
to the State Senate. On Sunday, September 5, 1802, 
he fought a duel with the Honorable John Stanley, 
was wounded in the side, aud died in about twenty" 
hours. 

Spaight, Richard D., Jr.; was born at New- 
berne, .\orth Carolina, in 1796; gr.aduated at the 
University of that State in 1815: studied law; served 
four years in the State Legislature; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from 1823 to 1825; subsequently 
served ten years in the State Senate; was Governor 
of North Carolina in 183.J and 1836; after retiring 
from that ofSce, declined all public positions, and 
devoted himself to agricultural pursuits. Died in 
1850. 

Spalding-, Rufus Paine; was bom at West 
Tisbury, JIartha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, May 3, 
1797; went, with his father, Rufus Spalding, to Con- 
necticut when a boy; received the rudiments of his 
education at the Plainfield and Colchester Acade- 
mies; graduated at Yale College in 1817; studied 
law; removing to Ohio, commenced the practice of 
his profession in Trumbull County in 1821; in 1839 
was elected to the Ohio Legislature; was re-elected in 
1841, and was Speaker of the House; in 1849 was 
elected a Judge of the Supreme Court for seven 
years, and held the position for three years, until the 
new State Constitution was adopted, when he re- 
moved to Cleveland, and resumed the practice of law; 
in 1862 was elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Naval Affairs and Revolutionarv Pensions; was 
re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, servinf on 
the Committees on .Appropriations aud the Bankrupt 
Law; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress serv- 
ing on the Committees on the Library and Revision 
of United States Laws; subsequently declined all 
political honors. Died August 29, 1886. 

Spalding, Thomas; was a Representative iu 
Congress from Georgia firom 1805 to 1806. 



Spangler, David ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Oliio from 1833 to 1837; in 1844 was nom- 
inated by the Whig party for Governor of the State, 
but declined the nomination. Died in Coshocton, 
Ohio, October 18, 1856. 

Spangler, Jacob ; was bom in 1768; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Pennsylvania in 1813; 
resigned; was again a Representative iu Congress 
from 1816 to 1818; was subsequently Surveyor-Gen- 
eral of the State. Died at York, Pennsylvania, June 
17, 1843. 

Sparks, "William A. J.; was bom near Xew 
Albany, Indiaua, November 19, 18-28; removed, with 
his parents, to Illinois in 1836; attended country 
schools, labored on a farm, and taught school ; gradu- 
ated at McKendi-ee College, Illinois; studied law 
and was admitted to the bar in ISriO; was United 
States Land Office Receiver from 1853 'to 1856; was 
Presidential Elector in 1853; was a member of the 
State Legislature in 1857 and 1858; was a State Sena- 
tor in 181)3 and 1864; was a Dclegiite to the National 
Democratic Convention at New York in 1868; was 
elected a Representative from Illinois to the Forty- 
fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty -fifth, 
Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses; declined 
a re-nomination; in March, 1835, was appointed, by 
President Cleveland, Commissioner of the General 
Land Otfice, in the Department of the Interior. 

Spaulding, Elbridge O-.; was born at Summer 
Hill, Cayuga County, New Y'ork, February 24, 18.i9; 
was educated at Auburn- iVcademy; taught school; 
studied law. and was admitted to practice in Genesee 
County, Xew Y'ork; iu 1834 removed to Buffalo, New 
York; iu 1836 was Attorney of the Supreme Court of 
New Y'ork, and also Solicitor in Chancery; in 1839 
was Counselor of the same; in 1-^36 was' appointed 
City Clerk of Buffalo; in 1841 was Alderman, and in 
1847 was elected Mayor; in 1848 was a member of 
the Assembly of the State; from 1849 to 1851 was a 
Representative in Congress from New Y'ork, serving 
on the Committee on Foreign Relations; in 1853 was 
elected Treasurer of the State of New Y'ork; was a 
member of the Canal Board for two years; was Pres- 
ident of the Farmers' and Mechanics' Bank of Gen- 
esee, at Buffalo; was also elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the Committee on 
Ways and Means; was re-elected to the Thirty-sev- 
enth Congress. 

Spaulding, Oliver L,; was born at Jaffrey, New 
Hampshire, August 2, 1833; graduated at Oberlin 
College, Ohio, in 1855; removed to Michigan; was 
admitted to the bar in 1858, and, in that year, w;»s 
elected a Regent of the University of Michigan; en- 
tered the Union Army, in 1802, as Captain, and 
served untU 1865, rising to the rank of C'olonel and 
Brevet Brigadier-General; was Secretary of State of 
Michigan from 1866 to 1870; was a member of the 
Republican State Committee from 1871 to 1878; was 
a Special Agent of the United States Treasury De- 
partment from 1875 to 1881; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Michigan to the Forty-seventh Con- 
gress. 

Spear, Ellis ; was a citizen of Maine; was Com- 
missioner of Patents, in the Department of the In- 
terior, from January, 1877, to November, 1878; set- 
tled in Washington City in the practice of law. 

Speed, James ; was born in Jefferson Connty, 
Kentucky, ilarch 11, 1812; graduated at St. Jos- 
eph's College, in that State; was, for a time, em- 
ployed in the office of the Clerk of the Circuit and 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



467 



County Courts; studied law at Transylvania Uni- 
versity, and, ou being admitted to the bar, settled in 
the practice at Louisville, in 1S5:J; in 1847 was 
elected to the State Legislature; in 1861 was elected 
•f> the State Senate; in November. 18(i4, was ap- 
, anted, by President Lincoln, Attorney-General ol 
liie United States, which office he resigned in July, 
i^6fi, and resumed the practiceof his profession; w.is 
u Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion " of 1866, and was President of the Convention. 

Speed, Thomas; was a Representative in Con- 
gress ironi Kentucky, from 1817 to 1819. 

Speer, Emory ; was born at Oulloden. Georgia, 
.September '.i, 184>*: received a cla.s.sical education, 
graduating at the University of Georgia in I8fi9; en- 
tered the Confederate Army at the age of si.xteen. 
and served throughout the war; studied law; en- 
tered upon its i)ractico at Athens, Georgia, in 1869; 
in 1873 was appointed Solicitor-General for the 
Western Judicial Cirruitof the State, and held the 
office three years; was elected a Representative from 
' forgia to the Korty-si.vth ;Lnd Forty -seventh Con- 
gresses; in February, 1385, was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Arthur, United States District Judge for the 
Southern District of Georgia. 

Speer, Robert Milton ; was born in Cassville, 
Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, September 8, 
IHliS; was well educated; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar at Huntingdon in 1859; was A.s- 
sistant Clerk of the House of Representatives of 
Pennsylvania in 1S63; was a Delegate to the Demo- 
<ratic National Convention at Baltimore in 1872; 
was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to 
the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses, serving 
on the Committee on Elections. 

peight, Jesse ; was bornMn Greene County, 
North Carolina, September 2^', 1795; his education 
was Imited, but his natural abilities were of a high 
order; in 1822 was a member of the Hou.se of Com- 
mons of North Carolina; in lf-23 was a member of 
the State Senate, where he continued until 1827, 
officiating several yeai-s as Speaker; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from North Carolina, from 1829 
to 1837; declined a re-election; removed to Missis- 
sippi; was elected to the Legislature there, and made 
Speaker; from 1845 to 1847 was a Senator in Con- 
g'ess from his adopted State. Died at Columbus, 
Mississippi, May 5, 1847. 

Spence, Carroll ; was a citizen of Maryland ; in 
1853 was appointed Minister Resident to Turkey, 
and in 1855 was empowered to negotiate a treaty 
with the Government of Persia. 

Spence, John S.; %vas a Repre,sentative in Con- 
gress, from Maryland, from 1823 to 1825, and from 
1831 to 1833; was United States Senator from 1837 
to 1840. Died (JcU)ber 29, 1840. 

Spence, Thomas A.; graduated at Yale College 
in 1S29; was a Presidential Elector in 1840; was 
elected a Representative in Congress from Maryland 
liom 1843 to 1845. 

Spencer, Ambrose ; was born at Salisbury, 
Connecticut. December 13. 1765; in 1779 entered 
Yale College, and remained three years; graduated 
at Harvard University in 1783; studied law. and set- 
tled at Hudson, New York; was a member of the 
New York Assembly in 179:>; from 1795 to 1798 was 
a State Senator; in 1796 was Assistant Attorney- 
General of the counties of Columbia and Rensselaer, 
and a member of the Council r>( Appointment; in 



, on tn 



1802 was Attflrney-General for the State; in 1804 was 
chosen Judge; in 1809 was a Presidential Elector; 
in 1810 became Chief Justice of theSupreme Court of 
the State; in 1823 retired from the bench and was en- 
gaged at the bar; was elected a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1829 to 1831; was 
Mayor of Albany one term; retired to the village of 
Lyons in 1839, and engaged in agricultural pur^uitt, 
in l-'44 was President of the National ^Yhig Conven- 
tion at Baltimore. Died at Lyons, New York, March 
13, 1848. 

Spencer, Elijah ; was born in Columbia County, 
New York: was a member of the New York Assem- 
bly in 1819; was a Representative in ■Congress from 
that State from 1821 to 1823. 

Spencer, George E.; was born in Jefl'erson 
(_ounty. New Y'ork. November 1, ls3'i: was educated 
at the Montreal College, in Canada; studied law, and 
came to the bar of Iowa in 1856; was Secretary of 
the Iowa Senate in 1858; entered the army as a Cap- 
tain in 1862; recruited the First Cavalry Regiment 
of Alabama in 1863; commanded a brigade of cavalry 
on Sherman's grand march; was brevetted a Briga- 
dier-Gieneral tor ''galhintry in the field"; resigned 
in 1865; settled in Alabama; in 1867 was appointed 
a Register in Bankruptcy for the Fovirth District of 
Alabama; in 1868 was elected a Senator in Congress 
from that State for the term ending in 1873, serving 
ou the Committees on Commerce, Pensions, Military 
Affairs, and the District of Columbia; was re-elected 
for the term ending in 1879; in 1881 was appointed a 
Commissioner of the Pacific Railway. 

Spencer, James B.; served as a Captain in the 
war of 1812. and was in several engagements; was in 
the Legislature of New Y'ork in ls31 and 1832; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1837 to 1839; subsequently held the various positions 
of Elector, Magistrate, County Judge, Collector, and 
Indian Agent. Died at Fort Covington, New 'York, 
in March, 1848. 

Spencer, John O.; was born at Hudson, New 

York, January 8, 1787; entered 'Williams College, 
but soon went to Union College, where he graduated 
in 180(i; President Nott was then at the head of the 
college, and one of the last professional acts of Mr. 
Spencer was to defend, in cour! ilie President's ad- 
ministration, for many years, oi the afl'airs of the col- 
lege: Mr. Spencer was admitted to the bar in 1809, 
and opened an office in Canandaigua; lived in Canan- 
daigua until 1845, when he removed to Albany, 
where he resided untril his death; was Private Secre- 
tary to Governor Daniel D. Tompkins, and, at the 
age of nineteen, became connected with public af- 
fairs, and, from that time nntil his last illness, no 
prominent public event occurred in which lie did not 
take an interest; in 1811 was made Ma.ster in Chan- 
cery; in 1813 was Brigade Judge-.Ailvoeate, in active 
serNice on the frontier; in 1814 was ai)i)ointed Post- 
master of Canandaigua; in 1815 was Assistant Attor- 
ney-General for the western part of the State; in 1816 
was elected to Congress, where he remained two 
years; while there was one of the Committee w ho ex- 
amined into the aft'airs of the United States Bank, 
and their report w;is drawn by his hand; in Isio was 
first elected to the Assemljly, and was chosen Speaker: 
the next year was returned, but bis party was in the 
minority; in 1824 was elected to the State Senate 
and served four years; joined the anti-Masonic party, 
and was appointed, by Governor Van Buren. Speciid 
Attorney-General, under the law pa.ssed for that 
purpose, to prosecute, those connected with tlie al- 
leged abduction of Morgan; in 1832 was again elected 



468 



BIOGKAPHICAL AXNALS. 



to the Assembly; in 1839 was appointed Secretary of 
State and Superintendent of Common Schools, and 
did much to reduce them to a system ; served for two 
years; was appointed Regent of the University in 
1840; in October. 1811, was made Secretary ol War, 
by President Tyler, and in March, 1843, was trans- 
ferred to the Treasury Department; resigned jn 1844, 
because of his opposition to the annexation of Texas; 
■was a successful lawyer, but achieved his highest 
fame from his connection with the Revision ot the 
Statutes of New York; not content with merely pre- 
paring the Statutes, he followed them up with a se- 
ries of essays, explaining their purposes; so great was 
the confidence reposed in him by the people, that he 
was selected to revise the whole body of the Law ol 
the State, but his advancing age compelled him to de- 
cline the task ; was industrious, and a man of in- 
tellect and intense energy. Died at Albany, May 18, 
1855. 

Spencer, Joseph ; was born at East Haddam, 
Connecticut, in 1714; was Judge of Probate in 1753; 
joined the Northern Army in 1758, as Major under 
Colonel Whiting; was Lieutenant-Colonel in the two 
succeeding campaigns; was elected a member of the 
Council in 1766; was appointed Brigadier-General in 
the Continental Array in 1775; became Major-Gen- 
eral in 1776; was in the expedition against Rhode 
Island in 1778, and assisted in Sullivan's retreat; re- 
signed June 14, 1778, in consequence of an order 
given by Congress to inquire into the reasons of the 
failure on his part to carry out the plan of the expe- 
dition against the British in Rhode Island, the pre- 
ceding year; was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress in 1778 and 1779; in 1780 was again elected to 
the Council, and was annually re-elected until his 
death; was highly esteemed by GeneralWashington. 
Died at East Haddam, Connecticut, January 13, 
1789. 

Spencer, Richard; was a Representative in 
Congress from Maryland from 1829 to 1831. 

Spencer, 'William B.; successfully contested 
the seat of Frank Morey as a Representative from 
Louisiana to the Forty-fourth Congress; resigned 
January 8, 1877. 

Spink, S. Li.; was born at Whitehall, New York, 
March -20, 1831; was educated at the Castleton Acad- 
emy, in Vermont; taught school, for several years. 
in New England, New Y'ork, and Maryland; studied 
law, and came to the bar in Iowa in 1856; in 1860 
removed to Illinois, and conducted the Prairie Bea- 
con, at Paris, as proprietor; was elected to the State- 
Legislature in 1861; was appointed Secretary of Da- 
kota Territory, by President Lincoln, the day pre- 
ceding his assassination, and continued in office un- 
til 1869, when he was elected the Delegate from Da- 
kota to the Forty-lirst Congress. 

Spinner, Francis E. ; was born in the town of 
German Flats, Herkimer County. New Y'ork, (where 
the village of Mohawk now stands), Janu.ary 21, 
1802; received most of his instruction from his father, 
who was a highly educated German clergyman; for 
twenty years was the executive officer of the Mohawk 
Valley Bank; held all the Commissions, from the 
Governors of New Y'ork, from a Lieutenant to a 
Maior-General of the State -Vrtillery; was County 
Sherilf, and Commissioner for building the State 
Lunatic Asylum; from 1845 to 1849 was Auditor in 
the Naval Office at New Y'ork: in ]^<54 was elected a 
Representative from New Y'ork to the Thirty-fourth 
Congress; was re-elected to the Thirty fifth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on Accounts; 



was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving 
as Chairman of the Committee on Accounts; in 1861 
was appointed, by President Lincoln, 'united States 
Treasurer, and continued in the position until 1875, 
when he resigned. 

Sprague, Peleg ; was born December 10, 1756; 
graduated at Dartmouth College in 1783; was a law- 
yer by profession; was a Representative in Congress, 
from New Hampshire, from 1797 to 1799. Died in 
1800. 

Spofford, Ains-worth Band ; was born at GU- 
manton. New Hampshire, September 12, 1825; re- 
ceived a classical education by private tuition, his 
father being a clergyman; at the age of sixteen went 
into the business of bookselling and publishing in 
Cincinnati; in 1859 became .associate editor of the 
Daily Commercial, of that city; in 1861 was appointed 
First Assistant Librarian in the Lilirary of Congress 
at Washington; in 1865 became Librarian-in-Chief ; 
under his administration of that trust, the National 
Library has grown from ninety thousand to more 
than five hundred thousand volumes, and the amend- 
ment of the law of Copyright has been effected, 
through which the whole business of recording and 
authenticating copyright is transferred to Washing- 
tou, instead of being scattered through the District 
Courts of the States; as a result, the Government se- 
cures a complete deposit of all copyright publican 
tions, and the citizen can rely on finding (with few 
and unimportant exceptions) every book published 
in the United States. 

Spooner, Henry J.; was born at Providence, 
Rhode Island. August 6, 183H; graduated at Brown 
University in 1860; studied law; served in the Union 
Army as a commissioned officer from 1862 to 1865; 
was admitted to the bar in the latter year, and en- 
gaged in the practice of law in his native city; was a 
member of the State House of Representatives from 
1875 to 1881, serving as Speaker the last two years; 
was elected a Representative from Rhode Island to 
the Forty-seventh Congress, to fill the vacancy 
caused by the resignation of Nelson W. Aldrich; was 
re-elected to the Forty -eighth Congress; was again 
elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Spooner, John C; was bom at Lawrencebtrrg, 
Dearborn County, Indiana. January 6, 1843; removed, 
with his father's family, to Wisconsin in 1859, and 
settled at Madison; graduated from the State Uni- 
versity of Wisconsin in 1864; was private in Com- 
pany "D, Fortieth Regiment, and Captain of Com- 
pany A, Fiftieth Regiment, Wisconsin Infantry Vol- 
unteers during the Civil War; was brevetted Major 
at the close of service; was Military and Private 
Secretary to Governor Lucius Fairchild, of AViscon- 
sin; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1867, 
and engaged in the practice of law; served as As- 
sistant Attorney-General of the State from 1867 to 
1870; then removed to Hudson, AVisconsin. where 
he continued to reside in the practice of his profes- 
sion; in 1872 was elected a Representative in the 
Wisconsin Legislature; was a member of the Board 
of Regents of the Wisconsin University; was elected 
United States Senator from Wisconsin for the term of 
six years from March 4, 1885. 

Sprague, Peleg ; was bom in Duxbury, Mas- 
sachusetts, in 1792; graduated at Harvard Univers- 
ity with honor in 1812; having adopted the profes- 
sion of the law, settled in the practice, first at Au- 
gusta, Maine, and then at Hallowell; was a member 
of the Maine Legislature in 1821 and 1822; was a 
Representative in Congress from Maine from 1825 to 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



-<«!» 



1829; W3a a Senator in Congress from 1839 to 1835; 
on completing his Senatorial term settled in Boston, 
Massachusetts; in 1841 was appointed Judge of the 
District Court of the United States for Massachusetts; 
resigned in 1865; in 1841 was also a Presidential 
ElcL-tor; in 1847 received, from Harvard University, 
the degree of Doctor of Laws. 

Sprague, ■William; was born at Cranston, 
Tvhode Island, in 160U; when quite young was elected 
to the General Assembly, and in 183i was chosen 
Speaker of the House; in 1835 was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Rhode Island; declined a 
re-election; was Governor of Rhode Island in 1838 
and 1839; in 1842 was elected to the United States 
Senate, serving two years; in 1849 was a Presidential 
Elector; was a member of the State Assembly at the 
time of his death, which occurred in Providence, 
October 19, 1856. 

Sprag-ue, William ; was born in Rhode Island; 
removing to Michigan, was a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1849 to 1851. Died soon 
afterwards. 

Sprague, William; was born at Cranston, 
Rhode Island, September 11, 1830, his ancestors 
having been, for several generations, honorably asso- 
ciated with the manufacturing business of New En- 
gland; was educated chiefly at the Irving Institute, 
Tarrytown, New York, and subsequently spent sev- 
eral years in the counting room of an uncle, on the 
death of whom one of the largest manufacturing 
interests in the country came into his possession ; 
having a taste for military affairs, he joined an artil- 
lery company in Providence in his eighteenth year, 
and became a Colonel; in 1859 visited Europe, and 
was friendly to the cause and person of Garibaldi; in 
18(il was elected Governor of Rhode Island, and on 
the breaking out of the Rebellion took a great inter- 
est in the National cause; was with the troops of 
Rhode Island at the first battle of Bull Run; in 1862 
was elected a Senator in Congress from Rhode 
Island for the term ending in 1869. serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Manufactures, and as a 
member of the Committees on Commerce and Mili- 
tary Affairs; was also President of several banks, 
and director in various insurance companies; was a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1866, and also to the "Soldiers' Convention ' 
at Pittsburgh; was re-elected to the Senate in 18lM<. 
for the term ending in 1875, seiTing as Chairman of 
the Committee on Public Lands; his uncle, bearing 
the same name, was also a Senator in Congress. 

Sprague, ■William P.; was born in Morgan 
County, Ohio, May 21, 1827; received a good educa- 
tion; engaged in mercantile pursuits; was President 
of the First National Bank of McConnellsville; was 
a member of the State Senate of Ohio in 1860 and 
1862; was elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses, serving on 
the Committees on Revolutionary Pensions and Pub- 
lic Buildings and Grounds. 

Sprigg, James C; was born in Maryland; was 
elected a Representative in Congress from Kentucky, 
from 1841 to 1843. 

Sprigg, Michael C; was frequently a member 
of the Maryland Legislature; was, at one time. Pres- 
ident of the Clu'supeake and Ohio (,'anal; was a Pres- 
idential Elector in 1820; was a Representative in 
Congress from 1827 to 1831. Died at Cumberland. 
jVlaryland, in December, 1845. 

Sprigg, Richard ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Maryland, from 1796 to 1799, and from 
iSOl to 1802. 



Sprigg, Samuel ; was born in Maryland; w;i» 
elected Governoi of that State in 1819, remaining in 
office until 1822. 

Sprigg, Thomas ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Maryland, from 1793 to 1796. 

Sprigg, 'William ; was a native of Maryland, 
and well educated; in 1805 was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Jeflferson, United States .Judge for the Territory 
of Michigan; in 1806 was transferred to the same 
position in Orleans; in 1812 was transferred to Lou- 
isiana; in 1813 to the Territory of Illinois; on the 
admission of Missouri into the Union as a State, re- 
ceived the a])pointment of District .Fudge for that 
State, but held it only for a short time. 

Spriggs, J. Thomas ; was born at Pelutno, 
Northamptonshire, England, April 5, 1826; emi- 
grated, with his parents, to the United States in lb.'54, 
and settled at Utica, New York: graduated from 
Union College, New York, in 1848; was admitted to 
the bar in the same year, and engaged in the prac- 
tice of law; was elected District Attorney in 1853; 
County Treasurer in 1856; was a Delegate to the 
Democratic National Conventions of 1864, 1872, and 
1880; was elected Mayor of the city of Utica in 1868, 
and again in 1880; was elected a Representative from 
New "i'^ork to the Forty-eighth Congress; was re- 
elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Springer, ■William M.; was born in Sullivan 
County, Indiana, May 30, 1836; removed, with his 
parents, to Jacksonville. Illinois, in 1848; graduated 
at Indiana University, Bloomington, in 18.58; studied 
law, and was admitted to practice in 1859; in 1862 
settled in Springfield, Illinois, where he practiced 
his profession; that year was Secretary of the Illinois 
Constitutional Convention; was a member of the 
Legislature in 1871 and 1872; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Illinois to the Forty-fourth Congress; 
in December. 1875, was appointed Chairman of the 
Committee on Expenditures in the State Department; 
was re-elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty- 
seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Spruance, Presley ; was born in Delaware in 
1785; was devoted to mercantile pursuits; served in 
the State Senate and was President of that body; was 
a Senator in Congress from Delaware from 1847 to 
18")3. Died in Smyrna, Delaware, February 13, 
1863. 

Squier, Ephraim George ; was bom at Beth- 
lehem, New York, .Inne 17, 1821 ; graduated at 
Princeton College in 1848; in his youth worked on a 
farm in summer and taught school in winter; next 
published a village newspaper, and studied civil en- 
gineering; in 1841 and 1842 was associated with the 
Xetii York S/alc Mechnnic, at Albany; published a 
volume on the Chinese in 1843; edited the Hartford 
Daily Journal from 1843 to 1845; from 1845 to 1848 
edited the Srinto Gazette, at Chillicothe; was Clerk of 
the Legislature in 1847 and 1818; investigat(;d the 
aboriginal monuments of the Mississippi valley, the 
results of which were published in the first volume 
of Smithsonian " Contributioas to Knowledge," and 
iu the Transactions of the Ethnological Society; in 
1849 "Aboriginal Monuments of the State of New 
York, from Original Surveys and Explorations"; in 
1848 was Charge d' Affaires to Central America; aa 
Secretary of the Honduras Inter-Oceanic Railway 
Company, went again to Central America in 1853; 
his observations are found in his " Nic.iragua, its 
People, .Scenery, and Monumcnt.s, " in 18.'j2; "Notes 
on Central America," 18.54; " Waikna," 18.55; "Ques- 
tion Anglo-Americaine," Paris, lS5t;: the "States 



470 



BIOGRAPHICAL AxNNALS. 



of Central America," in 1857; " Monographs of Au- 
thors who have written on the Aboriginal Languages 
of Central America," in 18lil; "Tropical Fibers and 
their Economic Extraction," with other publications 
on that region; received the medal from the Geograph- 
ical Society of France, and was a member of various 
scientific and literary societies, and the editor of 
Frank Leslie's publications; was United States Com- 
missioner to Peru in 1863 and 1864; was the lirst 
President of the Anthropological Institute of New 
York, in 1871. 

Squire, "Watson C; was born at Cape Vincent, 
New York; commented his classical course of study 
at Fulton, New York, at the age of filteeu, suppcrt- 
ing himself by manual labor aud by teaching district 
schools; at the age of eighteen joined the Sophomore 
class at the Middletown College, Connecticut; gradu- 
ated in the classical course in 1859; commenced the 
study of law at Herkimer, New York, but pressing 
financial obligations compelled him to abandon it, 
and he soon became Principal of the Moravia Insti- 
tute, in Cayuga County, New York; in May, 1861, 
enlisted in the Nineteenth New York Volunteer In- 
fantry, and was elected First Lieuteiuint; although 
enlisted for three months, served until October, 1861, 
then removed to Clyde, Ohio; studied law at Cleve- 
land, Ohio, and, in 1862, was admitted to practice in 
the State Supreme Court; in October, 1862, again 
entered the army, becoming Captain of the Indepi nil- 
ent Ohio Sharpshooters; subsequently commanded 
the First Battalion Ohio Sharpshooters in the Army 
of the Cumberland; during the winter of 1863-61 was 
Judge Advocate at Nashville, Tennessee; in the 
spring of 1864 resumed command of his battalion; 
served with General Sherman during the "March to 
the Sea," and was three times promoted for gallant 
conduct; was mustered out of service in August, 
1865, and became the New York represent;itive of the 
Eemington Arms Comjjany; in this capacity visited 
many foreign countries; in 1879 removed to Seattle, 
Washington Territory; engaged in farming aud build- 
ing; in 1884 was appointed, by President Arthur, 
Governor of the Territory of \Vashington for the term 
of four years ; was, for a number of years, a member 
of the Board of Trustees of the AVesleyan University, 
at which he graduated, having been elected, by the 
alumni, for three terms of five years each. 

StaWnecker, William G.; was born at Auburn, 
Cayuga County. New York, .luue 20, 1849; received 
an academic education; settled at Yunkers, New 
York; engaged in mercantile pursuits, and became a 
member of the New York Produce Exch.ange; was 
elected Mayor of Yonkers in March, 1884, lor a term 
of two years; was a Delegate to the Democratic State 
Convention in June, 1884, and also to the Demo- 
cratic National Convention in July, 1884; in No- 
vember, 18s4, was elected a Representative from 
New York to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Stallo, John Bernard ; was born at Sierhansen, 
in the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg. Germany, March, 
16, 1823; his father was a school teacher, and from 
him, and a studious uncle, young Stallo acquired a 
fondness for physical and mathematical pursuits; at 
the age of eight years began the study of Latin, in 
addition to the ordinary branches: also acquired some 
knowledge of the French language; soon afterwards 
took up the study of the Greek language; at the age 
of fourteen was .sent to an academy at Vechta, where 
he remained two years; in 1839 emigrated to the 
United States, locating at Cincinnati, Ohio; was, for 
a few month.s, employed as a te.icher in a private 
school; at the age of seventeen became a teacher in 



St. Xavier's College, at Cincinnati; at first taught 
German, but, in a short time, became a teacher of 
ancient languages and of mathematics; remained in 
this occupr^tiou three years, devoting his leisure 
hours to the study of mathematics and physics, and 
at the same time acquired a knowledge of the French 
language by association with the other teachers, 
many of whom were Frenchmen; from 1843 to 1847 
was Professor of Mathematics and Physics in St. 
.John's College, New York; incidentally learned the 
Spanish language, through numy of the pujnls of this 
institution being Cubans and South Americans; be- 
gan the study of law in New York, during the last 
year of his professorship; in 1847 resigned, and, re- 
turning to Cincinnati, entered the Law School there 
as a student; graduated in 1849; was admitted to the 
bar, and engaged in the practice of law at Cincinnati, 
in 18.53 was appointed, by the Governor of Ohio, one 
of the .ludges of the Court of Common Pleas and Dis- 
trict Court, to fill a vacancy; in the fall of the same 
year was elected to the position; in 1855 resigned, 
and resumed the practice of his profession at Cincin- 
nati; had previously acted witli the Democratic 
party, but objected to the slavery plank of the party 
platform, in i8.5(), and joined the Kepublican party; 
was a Kepublican nominee for Presidential Elector 
in that year, but was defeated; in 1872 was Chair- 
man of the " Reunion and Reform" Convention; in 
1876 returned to the Democratic fold; in June, 188."i, 
was appointed, by President Cleveland, Envoy Ex- 
traordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the 
United States to Italy; was a frequent contributor to 
scientific and literary periodicals, and was the author 
of "General Principles of the Philosophy of Na- 
ture," and "The Concepts and Theories of Modern 
Physics." 

Stallworth, James A.; was born in Conecuh 
County, Alabama, April 7, 1822; received an academic 
education; studied law; served in the Legislature 
during the years 1845, 1846, 1847, and 1848; was 
twice elected Solicitor for his District; was elected a 
Keprcseutative from Alabama to the Thirty-fifth 
Congress, serving as a member of the Committee on 
Commerce; was re-elected to the Thirty -sixth Con- 
gress, but withdrew in February, 1861, to take part 
in the Rebellion. 

Stanard, Ed'win O.; was born in Newport, 
New Hampshire, January 5, 1832; removed to the 
Territory of Iowa with his parents: received a com- 
mon school education; went to St. Louis, Missouri; 
taught school three winters in Illinois, and attended 
.school in St. Louis during the summer; in 1855 ol>- 
tained a clerkship; in 1856 opened a commission 
house, and soon had branch houses in Chicago and 
New Orleans; in 1865 went also into the milling busi- 
ness; was elected Lieutenant-Governor of Missouri, in 
IKti'^; was elected a Representative from Missouri to 
tlu' Forty-third Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Commerce. 

Stanbery, Henry ; was bom in the City of New 
York, February 20, 1803; emigrated to Ohio in 1814; 
graduated at Washington College, Pennsylvania, in 
September, 1819; studied law, and came to the baro/ 
Oliio in Jlay, 1824, and to the bar of the United 
States Supreme Court in December, 1832; was elect- 
ed by the Assembly of Ohio the first Attorney-Gen- 
eral of that State in 1846; in July, 1866, was appoint- 
ed, by President .lobuson, Attorney-General of the 
United States; on March 12, 1868, resigned the posi- 
tion of Attorney-General for the purpose of defend- 
ing President Andrew Johnson during his impeach- 
ment trial. 



BIOGKA I'HICAL ANNALS. 



4;i 



Stanberry, 'WiUiain ; was born in Essex Coun- 
ty, New Jeist'v; rcsidi'd in Licking County; was a 
Kepreseutative in Congress from Ohio from 1827 to 
18L<.'i; he is remembered as the member upon whom 
a personal assault was made by Sam Houston, in 
1832, for words uttered in debate. 

Standeford, Ellsha D.; was born in Jefferson 
County, Kentucky, December 28, 1831; received a 
good education; studied medicine, and graduated in 
1853; was a banker, manufacturer, and farmer; was 
elected to the State Senate in IsiiS and 1871 ; was 
elected a Representative from Kentucky to the I'orty- 
third Congress, serving on the Committee on the 
Paeilic Uailroad. 

Standifer, James ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Tennessee from 1823 to 182.5, and 
again from 1829 to 1837. Died near Kingston, Ten- 
nessee, August 24, 1836. 

Stanford, Leland ; was bom in Albany County, 
New York, March 9, 1821; received an academic 
education; studied law at Albany. New York; in 
1849 was licensed to practice law in the Supreme 
Court of the State of New York; removed to Port 
AVashington, in the Northern part of the State of 
Wisconsin, where he was engaged in the practice of 
his profession for four years ; a fire in the Spring of 
1852 destroying his law library and other property, 
he went to California, where he became associated in 
business with his brothers, three of whom had pre- 
ceded him t« the Pacific Coast; was, at first, in busi- 
ness at Michigan lUutfs; in 1856 removed to San 
Francisco to engage in mercantile pursuits on a large 
scale; was a Delegate to the Republican National 
Convention in 1860; in 18G1 was elected Governor of 
California, and served from December, 1861, to De- 
cember, 1863; as President of the Central Pacific 
Kailroad Company superintended its construction 
over the mountains, building 530 miles of it in 2i)3 
days; became interested in other railroads on the 
Pacific Slope, in agriculture, and in manufactures; 
in 1885 was elected United States Senator from 
California for the term of six vears from March 4, 
1886. 

Stanford, Richard; was a Representative in 
Congress from North Carolina tiom 1797 to 1816. 
Died April 9, 1816, in Georgetown, District of Colum- 
bia, aged forty -seven years. 

Stanley, Edward; was born in North Carolina; 
received a portion of his education at the Military 
Academy at Middletown, Connecticut: studied law; 
served three years in the House of Commons of North 
Carolina, and was Speaker of that body; was a 
Representative from North Carolina to the Twenty- 
fifth, Twenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh, Thirtieth, Thir- 
ty-first and Thirty-second Congresses, serving on the 
Committee on Waj's and Means, and as a leader of his 
party in debate; removed to Calilbruia, where he de- 
voted himself to the practice of law: was recalled 
from there by President Lincoln, in 1862, to assume 
the duties of Military Governor of North Carolina; 
acted in this cvpacity for some months, wlien he re- 
signed and returned to California. Died at San 
Franci.sco, .luly 26, 1872. 

Stanley, John; was horn in North Carolina; 
•was a distinguished member of the Legislature of 
North Carolina; was a Representative in Congress 
from that State from 18IM to 1803, and again from 
1809 to 1811; w.as an able and eloquent deb.ater. 
greatly respected for his t:ilents and private (■h:>r- 
acter; while delivering a speech in the Legislature in 



1826, was seized with an attack of hemi])l<-gy, ironi 
the efl'ects of^vhich he suftered until his "^ death, 
August 3. 18.;4, at Newberne, North Carolina. 

Stanton, Benjamin ; was born at Mount Pleas- 
ant, Jeli'erson County, Ohio, June 4, 1809; lived on a 
farm until the age of seventeen, and then worked at 
the trade of a tailor until he was twenty-one; stud- 
ied law, and settled in Bellelbntaine, Ohio, in April, 
1834, where he practiced his profession; was elected 
to the State Senate in 1841 ; resigned in 1842, but was 
re-elected the same year; in 1850 was a Delegate to 
the Ohio "Constitutional Convention"; in October 
of that year, was elected to the House of Represent- 
atives of the Thirty-second Congress; was re-elected 
to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses; was 
one of the Regents of the Smithsonian Institution, 
and a member of the Committee on Military Affairs; 
was also re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serv- 
ing as Chairman of the Committee on Military Af- 
fairs; in 1862 was Lieutenant-Governor of Ohio. 

Stanton, Ed-win M.; was bom at Steuben ville, 
Ohio, December 19. 1814; gradiuited at Kenyon Col- 
lege; studied law, and commenced its practice at 
Cadez, Ohio; subsequently settled in his native town; 
in 1842 was elected, by the Legislature, Reporter of 
the Decisions of the Supreme Court of the State, 
which office he held for three years; in 1848 formed 
a law partnership at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, but 
continued his business before the courts of Ohio; soon 
afterwards began to be much em ployed in the Supreme 
Court of the United States, which compelled him to 
remove to Washington in 1H57; in 1858 was sent, 
by the Government, to California to defend its inter- 
ests in certain important land cases in that State; in 
December, 1860, went into President Buchanan's 
Cabinet as -\ttorney-Genera!. holding that office until 
the close of the Administration, when he resumed 
the practice of his profession; in .January, 1862, was 
appointed, by President Lincoln, Secretary of War. 
and was continued in that position by President 
Johnson until August 12, 1867, when he was .sus- 
pended by the President, but, by order of the Senate, 
was re-instated in otEce. .lanuary 14, 1868: on the 21st 
of February following. President Johnson made a 
second ellbrt to remove him, but, by the direction of 
the Senate, he continued in office; in 1867 received 
from Yale College the degree of LL. D. : resigned the 
War portfolio in May. 1868; in 1869 was appointed a 
. Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. 
Died December 24 of the same year. 

Stanton, Frederick P.; was born in the Dis- 
trict of Columbia; as a boy. worked with his father 
at the business of bricklaying; was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Tennessee from 1845 to 
18.55 : was appointed Governor of the Territory of 
K:uisas in 1858; subsequently settled in Washington 
City as a lawyer; his brother, Richard H. Stanton, 
was also a member of Congress. 

Stanton, Joseph ; was bora in Rhode Island; 
was, for many years, a leading politician: was a 
Senator in Congress from Rhode Island from 1790 to 
1793. and a Representative in Congress from 18>il to 
1807. 

Stanton, Richard H.; was bom at Alexandria, 
Virginia. .September 9, 1812: was educated at the 
Il:illowell .\caderay in that place; under instructions 
from his father, acquired the trade of a bricklayer; 
in 18:{5 removed to Maysville, Kentucky, where he 
studied law: came to the bar. and practiced his pro- 
fession; in 1815 was appointed Postm:4ster of Mays- 
ville: in 1819 was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, where he served through three terms, until 



472 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



1855, acting as Chairman of tlie Committee on Pub- 
lic Buildings, and takinir a leading part iu securing 
the appropriations for the extension of the Capitol; 
was also Chairman of the Committee on Elections, 
and of several Special Committees; -when passing 
down Pennsylvania Avenue with his colleagues, had 
a habit of pointing out the various houses, the bricks 
of which had been laid by his own hands; in 1851) 
was a Presidential Elector, and a Delegate to the 
" National Union Convention "; in 1858 was elected 
State's Attorney for his District; in 1868 was a Del- 
egate to the New York National Convention: was 
elected a District Judge, which position he held for 
Bix years; subsequently, under the patronage of the 
State, edited the "Revised Statutes of Kentucky," 
and a " Code of Practice, " and wrote several other 
law books which were popular. 

Stanton, William H.; was elected a Represent- 
ative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-fourth Congress, 
to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of 
Winthrop W. Ketcbam, taking his seat December 4, 
1876. 

Starin, John H.; was born at Sammonsvillc, 
New York, August 27, 1825; received an academic 
education; studied medicine; engaged in the drug 
and medicine business at Fultonville, New York; 
was Postmaster at that place from 1848 to 1852: in 
1856 became largely interested in the business of 
transportation; became a Director in two banks, .and 
also gave some attention to farming and stock- 
raising; was elected a Representative from New 
York to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses. 

Stark, Benjamin ; was horn in the City of New 
Orleans, June 2(i, 1820; received an academic educa- 
tion in New London, Connecticut, and a commercial 
education in the City of New York; in 1845 settled 
in Oregon, and established commercial relations with 
the Sandwich Islands, and with California, then a 
Mexican Province; in that year erected, on the 
ground where Portland, Oregon, n;iw stands, the 
first building constructed in tliat place, which was a 
log trading-house; in 1850 aliandoned commercial 
pursuits; studied law, and came to the bar in 1851; 
in ly52 w.as a member of the Territorial Legislature 
of Oregon; in 18:)0 was a member of the State Legis- 
lature of that State; was a Senator in Congress from 
Oregon during parts of the yeara 18(51 and 18!i2, in 
the Thirty-seventh Congress; was a Delegate to the 
" Chicago Convention" of 18t)4 and the New York 
Convention of 1868. 

Starkweather, David A.; was born in Con- 
necticut; was a lawyer by profession; was elected a 
Representative in Congress from Ohio from 18;5:) to 
1841, and again from 1845 to 1847; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1848; was Minister to ChUi from 
1854 to 1857. 

Stark-weather, G-eorge A.; was bom in Con- 
necticut; wiis a Representatives in Congress from 
New York from 1847 to 184U, and was a member of 
the Committee on Accounts. 

Stark^^eather, Henry H.; was born in Preston, 
New London County, Connecticut, April 2'.\ 1826; 
adopted the profession of the law; served in the State 
Legislature; was a Delegate to the "Chicago Con- 
vention" of 1860; in 1861 was appointed Postmaster 
of Norwich, which office he held until 1865, when he 
was re-appointed, but resigned on the accession of 
Andrew .lohn.son to the Presidency; was subsequent^ 
ly made ('liairman of the Republican State Commit- 
tee, and also a member of the Republican National 



Executive Committee; in 1867 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Connecticut to the Fortieth Congress, 
serviug on the Committees on Naval Aftairs, and Ex- 
penditures in the Treasury Department; was re- 
elected to the Forty-first, Forty-second, Forty-third, 
and Forty-fourth Congresses, serving as Chairman ol 
the Committee on the District of Columbia during 
the important improvements made in Washington. 
Died in Washington, after a brief illness, January 
28, 1876. 

Starr, John F.; was born at Philadelphia, Penn- 
sylvania, in 1818; removed to New Jersey in 1844: 
engaged in business pursuits; in 18!i3 was elected a 
Representative from New .lersey to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Manufactures 
and that on Public Buildings and Grounds; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Territories, on Public Buildings and 
Grounds, and the! Postal Railroad to New York; was 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Lo\'alists' Con- 
vention" of 1866. 

St. Clair, Arthur; was born at Thui-so. Cai Ill- 
ness County, Scotland, in 1734; was educated at the 
University of Edinburgh; studied medicine with 
John Hunter; inherited a fortune; came to America 
in 17.58; was with Amherst at the capture of Louis- 
burg; distinguished himself as a Lieutenant under 
Wolfe, at Quebec: resigned from the army in 1762. 
and ill 1764 settled in Penn.sylvania, where he erected 
mills; in 1770 was made a District Surveyor and 
.Justice of Common Pleas; in 1771 was appointed to 
a number of local positions in Westmoreland County: 
in 1775 became a Colonel of Militia, and went to 
Fort Pitt to treat with the Indians; in 1776 was or- 
dered to Canada: acquitted himself with great abil- 
ity, rose to the rank of Major-General, and then re- 
signed all his civil ofiBces; at once joined General 
Washington; took a leading part in the hattles ol 
Princeton, Ticonderoga, and Brandywine; assisted 
Sullivan against the Six Nations; was a Commissioner 
to arrange a cartel Avith the British in 1780; was a 
member of the court marti.al which condemned Major 
Andre; after performing many other duties, partici- 
pated in the capture of Cornw.allis, at Yorktown; was 
also a member of the Pennsylv.ania Council of Cen- 
sors; was a Delegate to Congress in 1785; was chosen 
President of the same in 1787; was made a member 
of the .\merican Philosophical Society in 1786; was 
appointed Governor of the North-west Territory in 
1788; made an Indian treaty in 1789; located the 
city of Cincinnati, and gave it its name; was ap- 
pointed General-in-Chief of the army in 1791 : re- 
signed in 1792; was twice court-martialed, but both 
times honorably acquitted; passed the Latter years of 
his life iu a log cabin; in 1813 was voted an annuity 
by Pennsylvania; received a pension of sixty dollars 
per month from Congress. Died at Greensburg, 
Pennsylvania, August 31, 1818. He published a 
narrative of his campaign of 1791, and a memoir ol 
his life was published by A. T. Goodman. 

Stearns, Ashael; was born at Lunenburg, Mas- 
sachusetts, in 1774; graduated at Cambridge Uni- 
versity in 1797; was educated as a lawyer; prac- 
ticed, with success, for many years, at Chelmsford; 
was several years County Attorney for Middlesex 
County; was a Representative in Congress from Mas- 
sachusetts from 1815 to 1817; was appointed Profes- 
sor of Law at Cambridge in 1817, and continued in 
the otfice until 1829, when he resigned; in 1824 pub- 
lished a volumeon "Real Actions" — a learned work; 
was afterwards appointed one of the Commissioners 
for revising the statutes of the Commonwealth; after 
this work was completed his health declined, and he 



BIOGRAPHICAI. ANNALS. 



473 



oontiuued very feeble until his decease. Died at 
Cambridge, Massachusetts, February 5, 1839. 

Stearns, M. L.; was Governor of Florida frora 
1874 to 1877. 

Stearns, Onslow ; was born in New Hampshire, 
1>ecame very prominent in the politiia of his native 
Stite; in 1869 was elected Governor of New Hamp- 
flhire; was re-elected in 1870. Died at his home, in 
New Hampshire, December 28, 1878. 

Stebblns, Henry G.; was born in the city of 
New York in 181 '2; received a good educalim; was 
educated to the business of banking; was at one time 
Colonel of the Twelfth Regiment of New York Mili- 
tia; was one of the Park Commissioners of New Y'ork 
City, and was, for a long time, President of the Board 
of Commissioners; was one of the originators, and 
President, of the Dramatic Fund Association, and an 
active manager of the New York Academy of Music; 
in 1862 was elected a Representative from New York 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Ways and Means; in October, 1864, re- 
fiigned his seat in Congress, because he had declared 
himself in favor of the War, and therefore supposed 
that he did not represent the peace principles of his 
constituents. 

Stedman, "William; was born in Massachu- 
setts, in 1765; graduated at Harvard University in 
1784; came to the bar in 1787; was a lawyer of ex- 
tensive practice; was, for several years, Clerk of the 
Supreme Judicial Court at Worcester, Massachusetts; 
in 1802 was a Representative in the State Legisla- 
• tnre; was a Representative in Congress from Massa- 
chusetts from 1803 to 1810. Died at Newburyport, 
Massachusetts, in 1831. 

Steele, George W.; was born in Fayette County, 
Indiana, December 13, 1839; received a common 
school education; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 18(il : enlisted in the Union Army in 1861, 
and served throughout the war, rising to the rank of 
Lieutenant-Colonel; in 1866 was commissioned a 
First-Lieutenant in the Fourteenth United States 
Infantry; resigned in 1876; returned to Indiana, and 
engaged in farming and the business of packing pork; 
was elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Con- 
gresses. 

Steele, John ; was born at Salisbury, North 
Caiolina, November 1, 1764; was reared a merchant, 
but turned his attention to agricultural pursuits; 
served a number of years in the State Legislature, 
part of the time as Speaker; was a member of the 
State Convention to consider the Constitution of the 
United States; was a Representative in Congress 
from North Carolina from 1790 to 1793, and was one 
of those who voted for locating the Seat of Govern- 
ment on the Potomac; in 1806 was a Commissioner 
to adjust the boundaries between the States of North 
and South Carolina; was a General of the Militia; 
held the office of First Comptroller of the Treasury 
under Presidents Washington and Adams; on Aug- 
ust 14, 1814 was again elected to the Legislature, 
but on that day he died. 

Steele, John B.; was bom at Delhi, Delaware 

County, New Y()rl<, March 2S, 1814; was educated at 
Delaware Academy and at Williams College. Ma.ssa- 
chiisetts; studied law, and came to the bar in 1839; 
in 1841 was appointed District Attorney for Otsego 
County; in 1847 removed to Kingstcm, Ulster County, 
and there prac^ticed his profession; in 1850 was 
elected Special Judge of that County; in 1860 was 



elected a Representative from New York to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Committees 
on the District of Columbia and on Revolutionary 
Pensions; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, again serving on the Committees for the Dis- 
trict of Columbia, and oil Expenditures in the War 
Department; was killed by being thrown from a car- 
riage, in Kingston, New York, September 24, 1866. 

Steele, John H.; was born in North Carolina in 
1792; w.as Governor of New Hampshire from 1811 to 
1846. Died at Peterborough, New Hampshire, ,)uly 
3, 1S65. 

Steele, John N.; was born in Maryland; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1832; was a Representative in 
Congress from Maryland, liom 1835 to 1837. 

Steele, Walter Leak ; was born at Steele's 
Mills, (now Little's Mills), North Carolina, April 18, 
1823; received a collegiate education, giatluating at 
the University of North Carolina in 1844; studied 
and practiced law; was elected to the State House of 
Commons in 1846, 1848, 1850, and 1854, and to the 
State Senate in 1852 and 18.'J8; was a Delegate to the 
Democratic National Conventions at Charleston and 
Baltimore in 1860; was Secretary of the State Seces- 
sion Convention of 1831 ; was elected a Representative 
from North Carolina to the Forty-fifth and Forty- 
sixth Congiesses; declined a re-nomination. 

Steele, "William Q.; was born in Somerset 
County, New Jersey, December 17, 1820; was edu- 
cated at the Somerville Academy; entered early into 
the mercantile business, to which he subsequently 
added that of banking; was, for several years, ap- 
pointed, by the Governor of the State, a State Di- 
rector for the Delaware and Raritan Canal, and the 
Camden and Amboy Railroad Company; was elected 
a Representative from New Jersey to the Thirty-seT- 
enth Congress, serving on the Select Committee on 
Army Contracts; was re-elected to the Thirty -eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Accounts, 
and Enrolled Bills; was also a Delegate to the " Chi- 
cago Convention " of 18G4. 

Steele, "William R.; was bom in New York 
City, July 24, 1842; received a good education; stud- 
ied law; served in the army as private and commis- 
sioned officer during the late war, but chiefly as a 
staff-officer in the Army of the Potomac; was elected 
to the Legislative Council of Wyoming Territory in 
1871; was elected to the Forty-third Congress as the 
Delegate from the Territory of Wyoming, and was 
re-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Steenrod, Le'wls ; was born in Virginia; was 
elected a Representative in Congress from that State, 
serving from 1839 to 1845. 

Stenger, William S.; was bora at London, 
Franklin County, Pennsylvania, February 13, 1810; 
graduated at Franklin and Marshall College; adopted 
the profession of the law; was assistant editor of a 
newspaper in Chambersburg; was a canciidate for the 
State Legislature, but was defeated; served, for a 
time, as District Attorney for Franklin County, Penn- 
sylvania; in 1874 was elected a Representative from 
Pennsylvania to the Forty-fourth (Congress; was re- 
elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Stephens, Abraham P.; was born in New 
York; was elected a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1851 to 18.-)3. 

Stephens, Alexander H.; was born in Talia- 
ferro County, Georgia, February 11, 1812; waslelt an 
orphan at the age of fourteen, when kind friends, un- 



■Hi 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



solicited, furnished him with tlie means to obtain au 
education, all of which he suljsequeutly returned, 
with interest; prepared himself for college in nine 
months, and graduated at Franklin College in 1832; 
studied law, and was admitted to practice in 1834; 
alter paying his debts, liis first earnings were de- 
voted to redeeming from the hands of strangers the 
liome of his childhood, which had been sold alter his 
lather's death; in 1836 was elected to tlie Lower 
House of the State Legislature, where he served five 
years, devoting himself especially to the internal in- 
terests of his native State; in 1839 was chosen a 
Delegate to the "Commercial Convention" at 
Charleston, where he is said to liave made a deep im- 
pression by his peculiar eloquence; iti 1842 was 
elected to the Senate of his State; in 184:! was elected 
a Representative in Congiess from Georgia, to which 
position he wiis regularly re-ele<:ted to tlie close of 
the Thirty-fifth Congress; served on many Commit- 
tees, and it was while he officiated as Chairman of 
the Committee on Territories, that the IVrritories of 
Minnesota and Oregon were admitted into the Union; 
became identified with the Rebellion of 1861, and 
was chosen Vice-President and member of Congress 
of the so-called '■ Southern Confederacy"; was sub- 
sequently confined as a Prisoner of State in Fort 
Warren; was released by order of President John- 
son; in 1866 was chosen a Delegate to the I'hiladel- 
phia "National Union Convention," but did not at- 
tend its sessions; in 1866 was elected a Senator in 
Congress, but was not admitted ; was subsequently 
elected a Representative to the Forty-thir<l and 
Forty-fourth Congresses; in December, 1875, was ap- 
pointed Chairman of the Committee on Coinage, 
"Weights and Measures; was re-elected to tlie Forty- 
fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses; in 
1882 was elected Governor of Georgia, and resigneil 
his seat in Congress to assume his gubernatx)rial 
duties. Died at Atlanta, Georgia, March 4, 1883. 

Stephens, Jolin Lloyd ; was bom at Shrews- 
bury, New Jersey, November 28. 1805; graduated at 
Columbia College in 1822; studied at the Litchfield 
Law School, and practiced law in New York City 
about eight years; from 1834 to 1836 visited Europe 
and Egypt, and in 18.37 published "Incidents of 
Travel in Greece, Turkey, Russia, and Pjland"; in 
1839 was appointed Special Ambass: dor to Central 
America, and on his return published " Incidents of 
Travel in Central America, Chiapas, and Yucatan." 
and in 1843 another work on Yucatan; was a Di- 
rector of the Ocean Steam Navigation Company, 
which established the first American line of traus- 
Atlantic steamers, and went to Europe as the repre- 
sentative of the Company, on the trial trip of its (ir.st 
vessel, the Wnxhington: the latter part of his life was 
devoted to the construction of the Panama Railroad, 
of which he was President; in 1846 was a Delegate 
to the State Constitutional Convention of New York . 

Stephens, Philander; was a member of the 
Hon.se of Kepresentatives in Congress, from Pennsyl- 
vania, from 1829 to 1833. Died at Springfield, Peiin- 
sylvania, July 8, 1842, aged fifty-four years. 

Stephens, WiUiam; was a citizen of Georgia; 
in 1801 was appointed Judge of the United States 
District Court for the District of Georgia. 

Stephenson, Benjamin ; was a Delegate in 
Congre-ss, from Illinois Territory, from 1814 to 1816. 
when he was appointed Receiver of Public Moneys 
at Edwardsville, Illinois. 

Stephenson, Isaac ; was born near Fredericlc- 
toD, York County, New Brunswick. June 18, 1829; 



received a common school and academic education; 
in 1845 removed to Milwaukee. Wisconsin; engaged 
in the lumber business at Escauaba, Michigan; in 
1838 removed to Marinette, Wisconsin, continuing in 
the lumber business; was President of the Stephenson 
Banking Company lor seven years; was a Director in 
the Sturgeon Bay Canal Company; was President of 
the Menomonee River Manufacturing Company, and 
of the North Ludington Company, one of the oldest 
lumber companies in the Northwest; held various 
local offices; was a Representative in the State Legis- 
lature in 1866 and 1868; was a Delegate to the Re- 
publican National Convention of 188i); was elected 
a Representative from Wisconsin to the Forty-eighth 
Congress; was re-elected to the Forty -ninth Con- 
gress. 

Stephenson, James ; was born at Gettysburg, 
Pennsylvania, March 20, 1764; removed to Virginia 
at an early day; commanded a company in the cam- 
paign of Geuer.'il St. Clair; was present at the quell- 
ing of the Wli^ky Insurrection in Pennsylvania, 
and was promoieii to the office of Brigade Inspector; 
served for many years as a Delegate to the Vir- 
ginia Assembly; was a Representative in Congress 
from Virginia "from 1803 to 1805, from 1809 to 1811, 
and again from 1822 to 1825. Died in August, 
1833. 

Stephenson, James S.; was born in York 
County, Pennsylvania; was a Representative in Con- 
gress in Pennsylvania from 1825 to 1829. Died at 
Pittsburgh, October 17, 1831. 

Stephenson, John G.; was horn in New Hamp- 
shire; removed to Indiana; in 1861 was appointed, 
from that State, Librarian of Congress, serving as 
such until the appointment of A. E. Spofibrd, in 
1865. 

Sterigere, John B.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a. Representative in Congiess from Montgomery 
(Jounty, Pennsylvania, from 1S27 to 1831, and a 
member of the Committee on Private Land Claims'. 

Sterling, Ansel; was a native of New London 
I 'ounty, Connecticut; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1821 to 1825. 

Sterling, Micah ; was born at Lyme, Connecti- 
cut, in 1781; graduated at Yale College in 1804; re- 
moved to the State of New York, and was for some 
years a member of the Legislature; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from 1821 to 1823. Died at Water- 
town, New "i'ork, April 10, 1844. 

Sterrett, Samuel; was a member of the House 
of Representatives of the United States from Mary- 
land from 1791 to 1793. Died at Baltimore, July 12, 
1833, aged seventy-seven years. 

Stetson, Charles ; was born in New Ipswich, 
New Hampshire, November7, 18 '1; in 1802 removed, 
with his parents, to Hampden, Maine; graduated at 
Yale College in 1823; studied law, aiul practiced the 
profession until 1833 when he moved to the City of 
Bangor; in 1834 was appointed .Fudge of the 
Municipal Court of that city; sub.sequently held the 
office of Clerk of all the .Judicial Courts for the 
County of Penobscot; in 1845 was elected a member 
of the Executive Council of the State, and re-elected 
three years in succession; in 1>^48 was elected a 
Representative from Maine to the Thirty-first Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Commerce. Died 
at Bangor. March 27, 1883. 



BIOGKAPHIOAL ANNALS. 



475 



Stetson, Lemuel; was boru in New YorV; 
adopted the profession of the law; served three i'ears 
\n the Assembly of that Slate; was a Representative 
in Congress from 1843 to 1845; was County Judge of 
Clinton County from 1847 to 1851. 

Stevens, Aaron F.; was born at Deny, New 
Hampshire, August 9, 1819; was educated at Pink- 
erton Academy; studied law, and came to the bar 
in 1845, locating at Nashua, New Hampshire; in 
1849 was elected to the State Legislature; was re- 
elected; served live years as a State Solicitor; in 18()1 
entered the Volunteer army as Major in the First New 
Hainpsliire Infantry; was promoted in 1SG2, and as 
Colonel served through the war; was wounded at 
Fort Harrison in 1804, and for Iiis gallantry was. 
soon afterwards, brevetted a Brigadier-General; was 
elected a Kepresentative from New Hampshire to the 
Fortieth and Forty-tirst Congresses, serving on the 
Committees on Union Prisoners, Revolutionary 
Claims, Naval Affairs, and Patents. 

Stevens, Bradford N.; was born in Boscawen, 
New Hamjishire, January 3, 1813; studied one year 
in Le Petit Seminaire, at Montreal, and graduated 
at Dartmouth College in 1835; was a teacher six 
years; in 1843 removed to Bureau County, Illinois, 
where he was active in the promotion of internal im- 
provements; was Chairman of the Board of .Super- 
visors in 1868; was elected a Representative from 
Illinois to the Forty -second Congress, serving on tlie 
Committee on Manufactures. 

Stevens, Hester L.; was born at Lima, Liv- 
ingston County, New York, in October, 1803; re- 
ceived a classical education; adopted the profession 
of the law; was, for several years, connected with 
the press in Rochester, New York; removed to Mich- 
igan; was elected a Representative in Congress from 
that State, from 1853 to 1855. Died at Georgetown, 
District of Columbia, May 7, 18li4. 

Stevens, H. S.; was born at Weston. Vermont. 
in 183:i; received a common school education; in 
1851 removed to New Mexico; in 185t) located in 
that portion now Arizona; was a Representative in 
the Territorial Legislature of Arizona from 18G8 to 
1873; was elected a Delegate from Arizona to the 
Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses. 

Stevens, Isaac I.; was born at North Audover, 
Massachusetts, in 1818; graduated at the West Point 
Military Academy in 1^3:), and entered the Corps of 
Engineers, in which service he continued until 1853; 
was at the siege of Vera Cruz under General Scott; 
fought in several subsequent battles; was severely 
wounded in the final a.ssault upon the City of Mex- 
ico, and w;is twice brevetted lor gallant services; 
served for a time as an a.ssistant in the Ci>ast .Survey 
Office in Washington City; in 1853 was appointed 
Governor and .Superintendent of Indian .Vffairs for 
the Territory of Washington; this ofiice he resigned 
in 1857, having previously been elected a Delegate 
to Congress from Washington Territory, where he 
continued to serve until the breaking out of the Re- 
bellion, in 18G1; when Governor of Washington 
Territory, traveled throughout its whole extent, and, 
as Corami.ssioner, made many treaties with the In- 
dian tribes; in September, 18(il. was appointed a 
Brigadier-General in the Volunteer service; was 
killed in battle at Bull Run, Virginia, in 1862. 

Stevens, James; was born at Fairfield, Con- 
necticut, in 1768: served in Congress as a Repre- 
sentative from that State, from 1819 to 1821, voting 
with the South on the Missouri Compromise; in 1822 
.v.is appointed Postm;ister at Stamford. Died at 
that place in April, 1835. 



Stevens, Jobn Leavitt; was born at Mount 
Vernon. Kennebec County, Maine, August 1, 1820; was 
edue;ited at the Maine Wesleyan Seminary, and the 
Waterville Liberal Institute: studied theology, and, 
at tlie aye of twenty-four, was ordained a minister of 
the L'ni\er.salist Church; after ten years' service, 
wa.s compelled, by ill-heaUli. to abandon the minis- 
try: then bec^ime associated with James G. Blaine in 
the ownership and management of the Kennebec 
Joiinnil new.spaper, at Augusta, Maine, in which he 
continued for thirteen years as editor-in-chief; was a 
member of the first Republican State Convention 
held in Maine; was Chairman of the Republican State 
Committee from 1855 to 1800; served five years in the 
State Legislature, three years in ihe Lower House, 
and two years in the Senate; was United States Min- 
ister to Uruguay and Paraguay from 1870 to 1873, 
when he resigned and returned home; in 1877 was 
appointed, by the President. United States Minister 
to Sweden and Norway, which post he resigned ia 
].-<s3. and returned to his home in Maine; in 1882 re- 
ceived, from Tuft's College, the degree of LL.D. 

Stevens, Robert S.; was born at Attica, New 
Y'ork, March 27, 1824; received an academic educa- 
tion: studied law; removed to Kansas in 1856; was 
admitted to the bar and engaged in practice; was 
elected a .State Senator in 1862; removed to Missoui'i 
in 1870. and engaged in the construction and man- 
agement of railroads; in 1879 returned to his native 
place and settled there; was elected a Representative 
Irom New York to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Stevens, Samuel ; was Governor of Maryland 
from 1822 to 1826. 

Stevens, Thaddeus ; was born in Caledonia 
Uouniy. Verm(mt, April 4. 1792; graduated at Dart- 
mouth College in 1814; during that year removed to 
I'ennsylvania: studied law and taught in an acad- 
emy at the same time; in 1816 was admitted to the 
bar in Adams County, Pennsylvania; in 1833 w;is 
elected to the State Legislature, and was again elected 
in 1834, 1835, 1837, and 1841; in 1836 was elected a 
member of the Convention to revise the State Con- 
stitution; in 1838 was appointed a Canal Commis- 
sioner: in 1842 removed tio Lancaster, Pennsylvania; 
was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to 
the Thirty-lirst and Thirty-second Congresses; in 
1858 was elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress; was 
re-elected to the Tliirty-seventh Congress, during 
which he was Chairman of the Committee on Ways 
and Means, having previously served on various im- 
portant Committees; in 1862 was re-elected to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, again serving as Chairman 
of the Committee on Ways and Means, and also as 
Chairman of the Special Committee on the Pacilio 
Railroad; was a Delegate to the " Baltimore Conven- 
tion " of 1864; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Appropriations, as a member of the Committee on 
the Death of President Lincoln, and as Chairman of 
the Committees on a Postal Railro;id to New York, 
on Reconstruction, and Free Schools in the District of 
Columbia; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loy- 
alists' Convention " of 186li; was re-elect«d to tlio 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committee on the 
Niagara Ship Canal, and as Chairman of the Special 
Committee on Reconstruction, and also of that on 
Appropriations; in 1867 received, from MicUllebury 
College, the degree of LL.D.; w.as also one of the 
Managers in the Impeachment lYial of President 
Andrew Johnson. Died in Washington, August 11, 
1868. 

Stevenson, Adlai E.; was bom in Christian 
County, Kentucky, October 23, 1835; removed to 



-476 



BIOGKAFHICAL ANNALS. 



Bloomington, Illinois, when sixteen years of age; 
was educated at the Illinois Wcsleyan University, 
and at Centre College, Kentucky; studied law at 
Bloomington, and was admitted to the bar at tlie age 
of twenty-two; in 1859 removed to Woodford Coun- 
ty, Kentucky; held the office of Master in Chancery 
from 1861 to 1865; was elected State's Attorney of 
the Twenty-third Judicial District in 1864, and held 
the office four years; was a candidate for Presidential 
Elector on tlieMcClellan ticket in 1864; resumed the 
practice of law in Bloomington in 18G8; in 1874 
was elected a Representative from Illinois to tiie 
Forty-fourth Congress; was a member of the Board of 
Visitors to West Point Military Academy in 1877; in 
1878 was elected a Representative to the Forty-sixth 
Congress; in 1882 was again elected a Representative 
to the Forty-eighth Congress; on July 3, 1835, was 
appointed, by President Cleveland, First Assistant 
Postmaster-General . 

Stevenson, Andre^w; was born in Culpepper 
County, Virginia, in 1784; entered public life in 1804 
as a member of the State Legislature, where, for sev- 
eral sessions, he was elected Speaker of the House; 
was a Representative in Congress, from Virginia, 
from 1821 to 1834; during the Twentieth, Twenty- 
first, and Twenty-second Congresses, from 1828 to 
1834 was Speaker of the House; in 1836 was ap- 
pointed Minister to Great Britain, and remained 
there until succeeded by Mr. Everett, in 1841 ; after 
bis return to America, devoted himself chiefly to 
agricultural pursuits, and to the interests of the Uni- 
versity of Virginia, of which institution he was Rec- 
tor at the time of his death; as a friend and neigh- 
bor he was much beloved. Died at Blenheim, Albe- 
marle County, Virginia, January 25, 1857. 

Stevenson, Edward A.; was horn at Lowville, 
Lewis County, New York, June 14, 1831; removed, 
with his parents, to Washtenaw County, Michigan, 
in 1839, and settled on a farm; was educated in the 
common schools and at Grass Lake Academy, Michi- 
gan; in 1849 emigrated to El Dorado County, Cali- 
fornia, and engaged in mining; in 1851 was elected a 
Justice of the Peace; in 1853 was elected a Repre- 
sentative in the California Legislature; was the only 
one of eieht Representatives from the same county 
•who was re-elected in 1854; in 1856 removed to Te- 
hama County, California, and settled on a farm; in 
1858, during his absence from home, his house was 
set on tire by Indians, and his wife and three chil- 
dren were burned with the building; in 1859 Mr. 
Stevenson was again elected a Representative in the 
Legislature, and at the session of 1860 wag elected 
Speaker pro tern, of the House; in 1863 lenioved to 
Boise County, Idaho, where he engaged in farming 
and mining, and was very successful; in lKi)4 nas 
elected a Justice of the Peace; in 1866 was elected a 
member of the Territorial Council of Idaho; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1867; the same 
year was elected County Commissioner, serving three 
years; in 1874 was elected a member of the Territo- 
rial Assembly, and was unanimously elected Speaker 
of the Assembly; in 1876 was again elected to the 
Territorial Council for two years; in September, 1885, 
was appointed, by Pre.sident Cleveland, Governor of 
the Territory of Idaho, an appointment which was 
heartily approved by the citizens of the Territory, 
regardless of party affiliations. 

Stevenson, Job E.; was born in Ross County, 
Oliio, February 10, 1831; received a limited educa^ 
tion; adopted the profession of the law; was Solicitor 
of Chillicothe, Ohio, from 1S59 to 1862; was a State 
Senator from 1863 to 1865, when he removed to Cin- 
<'iiiuati; was selected to pronounce the address over 



the remains of President Lincoln when they arrived 
at Columbus; was elected a Representative from Ohio 
to the Forty-first Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Mileage, and Elections; was re-elected to the 
Forty-second Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Public Lands. 

Stevenson, John "W.; was born at Richmond, 
Virginia, in 1813; was the son of Andrew Stevenson; 
graduated at the University of Virginia; read law, 
and settled in Covington, Kentucky, in 1841; prac- 
ticed his profession with success; was elected to the 
Kentucky Legislature in 1845, 1846, and 1847; in 
1849 was elected to the "State Constitutional Con- 
vention," in which he took a leading part; was a 
member of the Democratic National Conventions of 
1848, 1852, and 1856; was tvrice a Senatorial Elector; 
was one of the three Commissioners appointed to re- 
vise the Civil and Criminal Code of Kentucky; was 
elected a Representative to the Thirty-fifth Congress 
from that State, and was a member of the Committee 
on Elections; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving on the same committee; was a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia "National Union Conven- 
tion" of 1866; in 1867 was elected Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor of Kentucky, and acted as GovernOi-; in 1871 
entered the United States Senate for the term ending 
in 1877, serving on the Committees on Indian Affairs, 
the Judiciary and Appropriations. Died at his home, 
August 10, 1886. 

Stevenson, "WUliani^B.; was Governor of West 
Virginia from 1869 to 1871. 

Stev^art, Alexander ; was Judge of the United 
States for tlie Territory of Illinois, and held the po- 
sition until the organization of the State Govern- 
ment, in 1818. 

Stewart, Andrew ; was born in Fayette Coun- 
ty, Pennsylvania, in June, 1792; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1815; was .soon afterwards 
elected to the State Legislature, and served three 
years; was appointed, by President Monroe, District 
Attorney for Western Pennsylvania; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1821 to 1829, from 1831 to 
1835, and from 1843 to 1847; in Congress, and out of 
it, was ever a warm advocate of what is known as the 
"American Protective System," and was subse- 
quently devoted chiefly to the congenial pursuits of 
agriculture, though paying some attention to the 
business of manufacturing. Died at Uniontown, 
Pennsylvania, July 16, 1872. 

Stewart, Archibald ; was a Delegate from New 
.1 ersey to the Continental Congress in 1784 and 1785, 
to fill a temporary vacancy. 

Stewart, Charles ; was bom at Memphis, Ten- 
nessee, May 30, 1836; removed, vfith his parents, to 
Galveston, Texas, in 1845, and to Houston, Texas, 
in 1848; was educated in such schools as those towns 
then contained; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar, by the State Supreme Court, in 1854; settled 
at Marlin, Texas, in the practice of his profession; 
was District Attorney of the Thirteenth Judicial Dis- 
trict from 1857 to 1861 ; was a member of the Seces- 
sion Convention of 1861; in 1866 removed to Hous- 
ton, Texas; was City Attorney in 1872; served two 
terms as a State Senator; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Texas to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth 
Congresses. 

Stewart, David ; was a lavryer by profession; 
was a Senator in Congress from Jlaryland from De- 
cember 6, 1849, to January 12, 1850, by Executive 
appointment, in place of Reverdy Johnson, resigned; 



BIOGKAFHICAL ANNALS. 



477 



was a Commissioner of Public Buildings for the Dis- 
trict of Columbia. Died in Baltimore, Maryland. 
January 6, 1858. 

Ste'wart, Jacob H.; was born at Clermont, New 
York, January 15, 1829; removed, with his parents, 
to Peekskill, New York; received an academic edu- 
cation; graduated in medicine in 1851 at the Uni- 
versity Medical College of New York City, and began 
practice at Peekskill; in 1855 removed to Minnesota; 
was a member of the Minnesota State Senate in 1858 
and 1859; was Surgeon-General of the State from 
1857 to 186:!; was appointed Surgeon of the First 
Minnesota Volunteer Infantry in 1861; was taken 
prisoner at the fii-st battle of Bull Run, but was 
paroled and permitted to return home; was Surgeon 
of the Board of Enrollment in 1864 and 1865; Post- 
master of Saint Paul from 1865 to 1870; Mayor of 
Saint Paul in 1864, 1865, 1872, 1873 and 1874; was 
President of the Minnesota State Medical Society in 
1875 and 1876; was elected a Representative from 
Minnesota to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Ste'wart, James ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from North Carolina during the years 1818 and 
1819. Died in North Carolina in February, U822, 
aged fifty-two years. 

Ste'wart, James A.; was born in Dorchester 
County, Maryland, November 24, 1808; received a 
good education, and studied law; served in the State 
Legislature; was a Judge of the Circuit Court of 
Maryland; was elected a Representative from Mary- 
land to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on Patents; 
was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving 
on the same committee. 

Ste'wart, John; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Penns34vania from 1800 to 1801 , for the 
unexpired term of T. Hartley; was re-elected to the 
Seventh and Eighth Congresses. 

Ste'wart, John ; was born at Chatham, Connec- 
ticut, in 1795; was by occupation a farmer; served 
many years in the Connecticut Legislature ; was 
Judge of Middlesex County Court; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from Connecticut from 1843 to 1845. 
Died in Chatham, September 16, 1860. 

Ste'wart, John "W.; was bom at Middlebury, 
Vermont, in 1825; graduated from Middlel)ury Col- 
lege in 1846; studied law; was admitted to the bar 
in 1850 and engaged in the practice of law at Mid- 
dlebury; was State's Attorney for his native county 
from 1852 to 1855; was a Representative in the State 
Legislature in 1856 and 1857; was a State Senator in 
1862 and 1863; was again in the Assembly in 18{;4, 
1865, 1866, and 1867; was Governor of the State trom 
1870 to 1872; was again a Representative in the Leg- 
islature in 1876 and 1877; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Vermont to the Forty-eighth Congress; was 
re-elected to the Forty -ninth Congress. 

Ste'wart, Thomas E.; was born in New York 
City, September 22, 1321; received a good education; 
studied law, and came to the bar in 1845; in 185-1 
was elected a Commissioner of Common Schools; in 
1864 and lt«i5 w;is elected a nicniber of the State As- 
sembly; in 1866 was elected a Representative from 
New York to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Naval Aflairs. 

Ste'wart, 'William ; was born in the town 
of Mercer, Mercer County, Pennsylvania, September 
16, 1811; was educated at Jeflerson College, in that 
State; studied law, and was admitted to practice in 



1835; was a member of the State Senate of Pennsyl- 
vania for three years; was elected a Representative 
from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-fifth Congress; 
was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving 
as a member of the Committees on Expenses in the 
War Department, and on Agriculture. 

Ste'wart, William M.; was born in ^Vayne 
County, New York, August 1», 1827; removed, with 
his father, to Ohio in 1835; left home in his thir- 
teenth year, and prepared himself for college, chiefly 
in New York; entered Yale College in 1848, where 
he remained eighteen months, and then left for the 
gold fields of California; spent two years in the min- 
ing business; in 1852 commenced reading law; dur- 
ing that year was appointed District Attorney for the 
County of Nevada, and was subsequently elected to 
the same otEce; in 1854, during the absence of the 
Attorney- General of California, was appointed to 
jH-rform the duties of that office; next spent about 
eighteen months practicing his profession in San 
Francisco; afterwards practiced in Nevada City and 
Downieville; in 1860 removed to the then Territory 
of Utah (now Nevada); served in the Territorial 
Legislature in 1861; was a member of the "Consti- 
tutional Convention " held in 1863; was elected a 
Senator in Congress from Nevada for the term com- 
mencing in 1865 and ending in 1869, serving on the 
Committees on the Judiciary, Public Lands, Pacific 
Railroad, and Mines and Mining; in 1865 received, 
from Yale College, the degree of Master of Arts; was 
re-elected for the term ending in 1875, and was 
Chairman of the Committee on Railroads. 

Stiles, George P.; was born in New York; re- 
moved to Iowa; in 1854 was apjiointed an Associate 
.Judge of the United States Court for the Territory of 
Utah. 

Stiles, John D.; was born in Luzerne County, 
Pennsylvania, January 15, 1823; received an aca- 
demic education; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1844; in 1853 was elected District Attorney 
tor Lehigh County, and held the office three years; 
in 1856 was a Delegate to the " National Convention" 
which nominated Mr. Buchanan for President; was 
elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress for the unex- 
pired term of his friend, T. B. Cooper, deceased, 
serving on the Committee on Revolutionary Claims; 
in 1862 was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Expenditures in the 
State Department and Revolutionary Claims; was 
a Delegate to the "Chicago Convention" of 1864, 
to the Philadelphia "National Union Convention" 
of 1866, and to the New York Democratic Convention 
of 1868; was re-elected to the Fortieth and Forty- 
first Congresses. 

Stiles, "William H.; was born at Savannah, 
Georgia; received a good education; adopted the pro- 
fession of the law; in 1833 was elected Solicitor-Gen- 
eral of the Eastern District of the State, whicli office 
he resigned in 1836; was a Representative in Congress 
from Georgia from 1843 to 1845; was appointed, by 
President Polk, Charge cV Affaires \o Austria, of which 
country, after his return, he publislied a history ; 
served as a Colonel in the great Rebellion. Died at 
Stivannah on the 20th day of December. 1865. 

Stil'well, Thomas L. ; was bom at Stilwell, Bnt- 
ler County, Ohio, August 29, 1830: was educated at 
Oxford and College Hill, Ohio; studied law in that 
State; removed to Indiana in 1852, and was admitted 
to tlie bar; in 1^56 was elected to the Legislature of 
Indiana; was subsequently engaged in the banking 
business; served one year as an otTicer in the War foi 



478 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



the tTnion; iu 18(34 was elected a Representative from 
Indiana to the Thirty-uintli Con<cress, serving on the 
Committees on Agriculture and Invalid Pensions; in 
1867 was appointed, by President Johnson, Jlinister 
Resident to Venezuela. Was killed, by J. E. Cor- 
win, at Anderson, Indiana, January 14, 1874. 

St. John, Charles ; was born in Orange Coun- 
ty, New York, Octobers, 1818; received a good edu- 
cation; was a merchant and lumberman; was elected 
a Representative from New York to the Forty-second 
and Forty-third Congresses, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Public Lands and the State Department. 

St. John, Daniel B.; was born at Sharon, Litch- 
field County, I'onnecticut, October 8, IsdS; removed 
to New York; became a merchant's clerk; then fol- 
lowed the mercantile business until 1847; in 183!l 
was elected to the State Legislature; served four 
years as a member of the Board of Supervisors for 
Sullivan County; was a Representative from New 
York to the Tlii'rtieth Congress; from 1819 until 18.5.5 
had charge of tlie Brink Department of New York: 
afterwards engaged in agricultural pursuits near 
Newburg, New York. 

St. John, Heni-y ; was born in New York; was 
a Representative iu ('oiii^ress from Ohio from 1843 to 
1847, 

St. John, John P.; was Governor of Kansas 
from 1879 to 1883. 

St. Martin, Louis ; was born in Saint Charles 
Parish, Louisiana, in 182U; was educated at Saint 
Mary's College, ^Missouri, and Jefferson College, 
Louisiana; entered a notary's office with the purpose 
of studying law and becoming a notary; remained 
nntil appointed to fill a vacancy in the New Orleans 
Post Office; in 1846 was elected a Representative in 
the Legislature of Louisiana; the same year was ap- 
pointed, by President Polk, Register of the United 
States Land Office for the Soutlieastern District of 
Louisiana; was a second time elected to the Legisla- 
ture; after two years' service, was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Louisiana to the Thirty-second Con- 
gress; was a Delegate to the Democratic National 
Convention in 1852; at the close of his term em- 
barked in mercantile pursuits; soon thereafter was 
appointed Register of Voters for the City of New Or- 
leans; in 186() was elected to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
ftress, but was denied his seat under the operation of 
the Reconstruction Laws; in 18<>8 was elected to the 
Forty-first Congress, but the election was declared 
invalid; was a Delegate to the Democratic National 
Conventions of 1868, 1876, and 1880; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1-^76; for several years occupied a 
position in the Municipal Government of New Or- 
leans; in 1884 was elected a Representative from 
Louisiana to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Stockbridge, Francis B.; was bom at Bath, 

Maine, in ISilJ; in 1831 removed, with his parents, 
to Boston, Massachusetts; received a good education; 
in 1847 engaged in the lumber business at Chicago, 
Illinois; in 1850 setllcd at Saugatuck, Michigan; 
served as a Representative in the Michigan Legisla- 
ture in 1869; was a State Senator in 1871; in 1874 
removed to Kalamazoo. Michigan; in 1875 was ap- 
pointed, by President Gr;int, United States Minister 
to the Netherlands, but declined the honor. 

Stockley, Charles C; was born at Georgetown, 
Sns.sex County, Delaware, November 6, 1819; was 
educated in the schools of his native place, and at a 
select private school in Philadelphia, I'tnusylvania; 
began his business career as clerk in a store in 



(ieorgetown, and afterwards filled a similar position 
iu Philadelphia; returning to Sussex County, lie 
taught school from 1839 to 1846; in the latter year i:e 
engaged in business for himself at Millersborough, 
Susse.'C County, where he continued to reside until 
1856; in 1852 was elected County Treasurer, and was 
re-elected in 1854; in 18.56 was elected Sheriff of 
Susse.ic County for the term of two years, and removed 
to Georgetown, the County Seat; after his term ex- 
pired he settled upon a farm, three miles from 
Georgetown, where he continued to reside; in 1873 
was elected a State Senator for the term of four years, 
and, at the second sessiou of that body, was elected 
Speaker; he was, for many years, a Director in the 
.Junction and Breakwater Railroad, President of the 
Breakwater and Frankford Railroad, and President 
of the Farmer's Bank of the State of Delaware; was 
always an earnest advocate of public schools, and 
did much to promote them in his native State; in 
1882 was elected Governor of Delaware; on his 
elevation to this public trust he severed his official 
connection with the railroads above mentioned. 

Stockslager, Strother M.; was born at Manck- 
port, Indiana, May 7, 1842; received a good educa- 
tion; taught school ; served in tho Union Army dur- 
ing the War of the Rebellion; was Deputy County 
Auditor two years; Deputy County Clerk two years; 
was Assessor of Internal Revenue; studied law; was 
admitted to the bar at Corydon, Indiana, and com- 
menced practice there in 1371 ; was a State Senator 
from 1874 to 1878; was elected a Representative from 
Indiana to the Forty-seventh Congress; re-elected to 
the P'orty-eighth Congress. 

Stockton, John P.; was bom at Princeton, New 
.lersey, August 2, 1825; his father and grandfather 
both served in the United States Senate, and his 
great-grandfather was one of the signers of the Declar- 
ation of Independence; graduated at Princeton Col- 
lege in 1843; studied law; was licensed to practice in 
1846, and came to the bar in 1849; was appointed, by 
the Legislature of New Jersey, to revise the laws of 
the State; was, for several years, the Reporter in 
Chancery, and published three volumes, which bear 
his name; in 1858 was appointed, by President Bu- 
chanan, Minister Resident to Rome, but, on the elec- 
tion of President Lincoln, asked to be recalled; was 
elected a Senator in Congress from New Jersey in 
1865, for the term ending in 1871, and served on the 
Committee on Pensions; on the question of his right 
to the seat in the Senate, there was a long debate, 
and he was admitted by a vote of twenty-two to 
twenty-one. the deciding vote, owing to peculiar cir- 
cumstances, being cast by himself; the cjuestion, how- 
ever, was reconsidered; he withdrew his vote, and 
then, by a vote of twenty-two to twenty-one, lost his 
seat, March 27, 1866; was re-elected to the Senate in 
18(;9. for the term ending iu 1875, serving on various 
committees; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Nii- 
tional Union Convention " of 1866. 

Stockton, Richard ; was bom at Princeton, 
New Jersey, October 1, 1730; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1'748; ado))ted the profession of the law and 
became eminent; was appointed a Judge, both under 
the Provincial Government and after the adoption of 
the Constitution; was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress in 1776 and 1777, and signed the Declara- 
tion of Independence. Died February 28, 1781. His 
son, bearing his name, a grandson, and great-grand- 
.son, succeeded him as members iu the Federal Con- 
gress. 

Stockton, Richard; was born at Princeton, 
New Jersey, AprO 17, 1764; graduated at Nassau 



BIUGRArillCAL ANNALS. 



479 



Hall in 1779; on leaving college studied law, and was 
admitted to practice at the age of twenty; in 1792 
and 1800 vvas a I'residcTitial Elector; was a Senator 
of the United States liom 1796 to 1799; was a Repre- 
Bentative in Congress from 1813 to 1815; in 1827 was 
a Commissioner for settling the boundary line between 
New York and New Jersey; was eminently distin- 
guished for his talents, was an eloquent and profound 
laxs-yer, and during more than a quarter of a century 
was at the head of the bar in New Jersey. Died at 
Princeton, March 7, 1828. 

Stockton, Robert Field ; was born at Prince- 
ton. New Jersey, in 179,5: early in life entered the 
United ."^tates Navy, and was actively engaged in 
some of the most important naval battles during the 
War of 1812; commanded the American squadron on 
the coast of Africa, and was one of the founders of 
the Colony of Liberia; was one of the first of our 
commanders to introduce and apply steam to naval 
purposes — the famous sloop-of-war Princeton having 
been built under his supervision ; when war was de- 
clared with Mexico, he was placed in command of 
the United States fleet in the Pacific, and performed 
the duties of Commodore, General, and Governor; 
and the foundations of religion, education and social 
progress were laid by his instrumentality in many of 
the outposts of our Western world ; soon after his 
return from the Pacific, resigned his commission in 
the Navy, and devoted himself to the internal im- 
provements of his native State; was elected United 
States Senator for the term from 1851 to 1857, serving 
as a member of several Committees; resigned in 1853; 
the bill to abolish flogging in the "Sixvy was intro- 
duced in the Senate by him; was elected a Delegate 
to the " Peace Congress " in 1861; was President of 
the Delaware and Raritan Canal Company from the 
time he left the Senate until his death, which oc- 
curred at Princeton, New Jersey, October 7, 1866. 

Stockton, Thomas ; was a Captain in the Third 
Artillery in 1812; was Major of the Forty -second In- 
fantry in 1814; resigned in 1625; was Governor of 
Delaware from 1844 to 1846. Died at New Castle, 
Delaware. March 2, 1846. 

Stoddard, Ebenezer ; was born at West Wood- 
stock, Connecticut. May 6, 1786; gi'aduatedat Brown 
Uni\ersity in 1806; w.is a lawyer by profession, and 
practiced extensively ; was, for several years, a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature; was Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor of the .State for one year; was a Representative 
in Congr&ss from 1821 to 1825. Died at Woodstock, 
August, 1848. 

Stoddart, John T.; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1810; was a Representative in Congress 
from .Maryland from 1833 to 1835, and a member of 
the Committees on Claims, and the District of Co- 
lumbia. 

Stoddert, Benjamin ; was born in Maryland ; 
served as a M.ajor during the Revolution; was, for 
many years, extensively engaged in mercantile pur- 
suits in Georgetown, District ol' Coluraljia, wherconc 
of the streets of the town still bears his name: in 
May, 1798, was appointed, by President Adntns, .*<cc- 
retary of the Navy, and was the first man whoserved 
in that c;ipacitv; although continued in the position 
by President Jotl'erson, was superseded in .lanuary, 
1802; subsequently settled in Bladensburg, Mary- 
land, where he died at an advanced age, universally 
respected for his high character. ^ 

Stokely, Samuel; was born in Ohio; received 
a liberal education; adopted the profession of the 



law; served in the State Legislature; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Ohio from 1841 to 1843, 
serving on two prominent Committees. 

Stokes, John ; was a native of North Carolina; 
served as a Colonel in the Revolution and lost an arm 
in one of its battles; in 1790 was appointed .1 udge of 
the United States District Court for North Carolina; 
as a mark of respect, one of the Counties of his State 
was named for him; was the brother of M. Stokes, 
one of the early Governors. Died in feafayetteviUe, 
North Carolina, in October, 1790. 

Stokes, MontforaJ was bom in North Carolina 
in 1760; was, for several years. Clerk of the Superior 
Court; was subsequently Clerk of the State Senate, 
in which capacity he became so popular as to be 
elected to the United States Senate, which honor he 
declined; in 1816 was again elected United States 
Senator, and served until 1S23; in l.'^26 went into 
the General Assembly of North Carolina as Senator; 
in 1829 was elected a member of the Commons; in 
1830 was again elected to the Conjmons, and in the 
same year was elected Governor of the State; in 1831 
was appointed, by President Jackson, Indian Agent 
in Arkansas, where he died in 1842. 

Stokes, 'William B.; was born in Chatham 
County, North Carolina, September 9, 1814; received 
a limited education; devoted the greater part of his 
life to agricultural pursuits; served three sessions ia 
the Legislature of Tennessee — twice as a Represent- 
ative and once as a Senator; was elected a Represent- 
ative from Tennessee to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on Invalid 
Pensions; during the Rebellion of 1861 served as a 
Colonel in the Union Army; in 1865 was elected a 
Representative from Tennessee to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, but was not admitted to his seat until near 
the close of the first session of that Congress, when 
he was placed on the Committee on Elections: was 
also a Delegate to the Pliiladelphia " Loyalists' Con- 
vention" of 1866; was re-elected to the Fortieth and 
Forty-first Congresses, serving on the Committee on 
Claims, and as Chairman of the Committee on the 
Ninth Census. 

Stone, Alfred P.; was a merchant by occupa- 
tion; was, at one timer Treasurer of the St.ateof Ohio; 
was a Representative in Congress from Ohio, from 
1844 to 1845; was appointed, by President Lincoln, 
a Collector of Internal Revenue. Died, bv poison, at 
Columbus, Ohio, August 2, 1865. 

Stone, David ; was born in Bertie County, North 
C;xrolina, February 17, 1770; gradutited at Princeton 
College in 1788; studied law, and rose to a high po- 
sition at the bar; was, for four years, in the State 
Legislature; w.as a Judge of the Supreme ('oiirtof 
North Carolina from 1795 to 1798; was a K'epre .ruta- 
tive in Congress, from 1799 to 1801; was a Senator 
in Congress from 1801 to 1HU7; was (iovernor of 
North Carolina in 1808; served a second time as 
United States Senator from ISL! to 1814, which posi- 
tion he resigned on account of dis.agreements witii his 
constituents. Died October 7. 1818. 

Stone, Eben P.; was born at Newburyport, 
Massachusetts, in 1822; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1813, and in the Law School of th.at insti- 
tution in 1846; commenced the practice of law at 
Newburyport in 1847; served terms in e;ich branch of 
the State Legislature; served in the Union Army dur- 
ing the War of the Rebellion, in command of a Regi- 
ment; held various offices under the X itional Gov- 
ernment; was Chairman of the Repiililican State 



480 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Charles County Court; was one of those who voted 
for locating the Seat of Government on the Potomac; 
•was the brother of Thomas Stone. Died in 1812. 

Stone, Thomas ; was born at Pointon Manor, 
Charles County. Maryland, in 1743; received a liberal 
education; adopted the profession of the law; early 
joined the patriots of the Revolution; was a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress from 1775 to 1779, and 
in 1784 and 1785; was a signer of the Declaration of 
Independence; in 1778 was chosen to the Maryland 



Committee for two years; was elected a Representa- 
tive from .Massachusetts to the Forty-seventh, Forty- 
eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Stone, Frederick ; was born in Maryland, his 
grandfather, Thomas Stone, having been in the Con- 
tinental Congress, and another ancestor, William 
Stone, Deputy Governor of Maryland under Lord 
Baltimore; was liberally educated, chiefly in George- 
town, District of Columbia; adopted the profession 

of the law: in 1851 was tendered the office ..f Deputy , . j r> i <- ♦„ +1,0 (',„,.^„ 

District Attorney for his County, but declined; in Legislature; was elected a Delegate to the (onven- 
Issrwas appointed by 'the Legislature, one of the I tion which framed the Federal Con_stitutaon, but de- 
Commissioners to revise and simplify the Rules of I clmed to serve. Died October 5, 1 ,87 
Reading and Practice in the Courts of Maryland; in 
1855 and 1856 was a member of the State Legislature; 
was elected a Delegate to the "State Constitutional 
Convention" of 18l>4. but declined; was elected a 
Representative from Maryland to the Fortieth and 
Forty-first Congresses, serving on the Committees on 
Private Land Claims, Education and Labor, and the 
District of Columbia. 

Stone, James; was bom in Kentucky; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 
1843 to 1845. 

Stone, James W.; was born in Kentucky in 
1813; was a Representative in Congress from 1843 to 
1845, and again from 1851 to 1852. Died October 13, 
1854. 



Stone, William ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Tennessee from 1838 to 1839. 

Stone, W^illiam H.; waa born at Shawangnnk, 
New York. November 7, 1828; received a good edu- 
cation: removed to St. Louis, Missouri, in 1848. and 
resided there as an iron manufacturer; was President 
of "The St. Louis Hot-pressed Nut and Bolt Com- 
pany"; was a member of the Assembly, and of tho 
.St Louis Board of Water Commissioners; was elected 
a Representative from Missouri to the Forty-third 
and Forty-fourth Congresses, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Railroads and Canals; in December, 1875, was 
appointed Chairman of the Committees on Manufac- 
tures, and on Expenditures in the Post Office Depart- 
ment. 



Stone, John HasMna ; was. while quite young, 
the first Captain in Smallwood's Regiment, at an 
early period of tlie Revolutionary War; became 
Colonel in 1776; resigned in 1779; distinguished 
himself at the battles of Long Island, Wliite Plains, 
Princeton and Germantown. in the last of which he 
received a wound which disabled him from further 
service; in 1781 was a clerk in the office of R. R 
Livingston, Secretary of Foreign Affairs; was subsc' 
quently a member of the Executive Council of Mary 
land; was Governor of Maryland from 1794 to 1897. 
Died in Annapolis. Maryland, October 5, 1804 

Stone, John M. ; was Governor of Mississippi 
ftom March, 1876, to January, 18S2. 

Stone, John "W.; was born at Wadsworth, Ohio, 
July 18, 1838; received an academic education; re 



Stone, William J.; was born in Madison Coun- 
ty, Kentucky, May 7, 1848; removed, with his par- 
ents, to Missouri; was educated at the University of 
Missouri; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and 
engaged in the practice of law at Nevada, Missouri; 
w.is Prosecuting .\ttorney of Vernon County, Jlis- 
souri, in 1873 and 1874 ; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1876; in 1884 was elected a Representative from 
[_ j Missouri to the Forty-ninth Congress. 



Stone, William M.; was Governor of Iowa from 
1864 to 1868. 

I Stone, W". J.; was born in Caldwell (now Lyon) 
County, Kentucky, June 26, 1841; was educated in 
the common schools and at Tyler's Institute, Cadiz, 
Kentucky; in 1861 enlisted in the First Kentucky 

! Confederate Cavalry, serving in that regiment, the 
Eighth Kentucky Cavalry and the Fifth Kentucky 



moved to Michigan in 1856; studied haw; was elected ! Cavalry — John H. Morgan's Brigade — until 1864, 
County Clerk of Allegan County in 1860; was ad- j when, at Cynthiana. Kentucky, he was wounded and 
mitted to the bar in 1862; was again elected County 1 taken prisoner; as the result of his wound his right 



Clerk in 1862; was elected Prosecuting Attorney in 
1864, iind served six years; was elected President of 
Allegan Village in 1872; Circuit Judge in 1873; re- 
signed in 1874, and removed to Grand Rapids, where 
he practiced law ; was elected a Representative from 
Michigan to the Forty-tifth Congress; re-elected to 
the Forty-sixth (Congress. 

Stone, Joseph O., waa bom at Westfort, New 
York, July 30, 1829: received a limited education at 
the public schoois; in 1844 removed to the Territory 
of Iowa; studied medicine, and graduated at the 
Medical Department of the Saint Louis University 
in 1854; enlisted as a private in the First Iowa 
Cavalry in 1861, and became an Assistant Adjutant- 
General, serving until the close of the war; resumed 
the practice of his profession after the war; was 
elected a Representative from Iowa to the Forty-fifth 
Congress. 

Stone, Michael ; was born in Charles County, 
Maryland, about the year 1750; was a Representative 
in Congress from his native State I'rom 1739 to 1791 ; 
was subsequently, for many years, Judge of the 



leg was amputated near the hip loint; was held a 
prisoner until the close of the war, in 1865, when he 
was released and returned to his home in Kentucky; 
in 1867 wiis elected a Representative in the State 
Legislature; was again elected to the Assembly in 
1875, and was chosen Speaker of the House; in 1883 
was, for the third time, elected a member of the 
Legislature; during this term was an earner, advo- 
cate of prison reform, and succeeded in securing the 
enactment of very important legislation in this direc- 
tion; in 1884 was elected a Representative from Ken- 
tucky to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Stoneman, George; was a conspicnons officer 
in the Union Army during the Civil War, rising to 
the rank of Jlajor-General; after the close of the war 
settled in California; in 1882 was elected Gtovernor of 
that State for four years from January, 1883. 

Storer, Bellamy ; was horn in Portland, Maine, 
about the year 1798; graduated at Bowdoin College, 
from which he subsequently received the degree of 
LL.D. ; removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, when twenty- 
one years of age, studied law, and pr.vcliced the 



BIOURAPHICAL ANNALS. 



481 



profession; was a Represeutative in Congress from 
Ohio from 1835 to 18:i7; was a Presidential Elector in 
1844; served three terms as a Judge of the Superior 
Court in the District of Cincinnati; was a Professor 
in the Ciucinuati Law School. Died in Cincinnati, 
June 1, 1875. He took an interest in religious af- 
fairs, and at the time of his death was Vice-Presi- 
dent of the Evangelical Alliance. 

Storer, Clement; was born in 1760; was a 
United States Senator from New Hampshire from 
1817 to 1819. Died at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 
November 22, 1830. 

Storm, John B.; was born in Monroe Connty, 
Penn.sylvauia, September 19, 1838; graduated at 
Dickinson College in July, 1861; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1863; was appointed Su- 
perintendent of Public Schools in 1862; was elected a 
Representative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-sec- 
ond and Forty-third Congresses, serving on the Com- 
mittees on the Militia, Education and Labor, and 
National Monument; was elected a Representative 
from Pennsylvania to the Forty-eighth Congress; was 
re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Storrs, Henry R.; was born at Middletown. 
Connecticut, in 1787; graduated at Yale College in 
1804; practiced law some years at Utica, New York; 
during his residence there was a Representative in 
Congress from 1819 to 1821, and from 1823 to 1831; 
afterwardsestablished himself in the city of New York, 
where he soon became eminent in his profession; was 
possessed of extensive and varied acquirements, un- 
common powers of discrimination, great logical ex- 
actness, and a ready and powerful elocution; as a de- 
bater in Congress he stood conspicuous in the iirst 
rank. Died at New Haven, Connecticut, July 29, 
1837. 

Storrs, Williara L.; was bom in Middletown, 
Connecticut, March 25, 1795; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1814; adopted the law as a profession; was a 
Representative in Congress from Connecticut from 
1829 to 1833, and again from 1839 to 1841 ; was .fudge 
of the Supreme Court of Connecticut from 1840 to 
1856; was Chief Justice of that court from 1856 until 
his death, which occurred at Hartford, June 25, 1861; 
was also Professor of Law in Yale College in 1846 
and 1847. 

Story, Joeeph ; was bom at Marblehead, Mas- 
sachusetts, September 18, 1779; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1798; studied law; was a member of 
the State Legislature in 1805, and was elected Speak- 
er; during the years 1808 and 1809 was a Represent- 
ative in Congress; in 1811 was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Madison, a Judge of the Supreme Court of the 
United States, which office he held until his death; 
he acquired a large fortune from his practice as a law- 
yer, and it is said that his income from the sale of 
his legal writings, which were numerous and of the 
highest order, numbering twenty-seven volumes, 
■with thirty-lbur volumes of Decisions, amounted to 
ten thousand dollars per annum; in 1830 was ap- 
pointed Dane Professor in the Law School of Harvard 
University; subsequently published his "Comment- 
aries on the Constitution of the United States "; in 
early life was a writer of poetry, and in his latter 
year was considered, even in England, " the first of 
living writers on law "; received the degree of LL.D. 
from the Colleges of Harvard, Brown, and Dart- 
mouth. Died at Cambridge, Massachusetts, Septem- 
ber 10, 1845. His life was published by his son, W. 
W. Story, in 1851. 

31 



I story, William ; was an early emigrant to Ax- 

! kansas; was appointed an Associate Justice of tha 
j United States Court for thi t Territory. 

i Stoughton, E. "W.; was born in Windsor Coun- 
• ty, Vermont, in 1818; received a collegiate educa- 
I tion; removed to New York City in 1837; studied 
! law; in 1840 was admitted to the bar, and entered 
i upon the practice of law in New York; attained to 
I eminence in his profession and became prominent in 
! politics; in 1877 was appointed, by President Hayes, 
j Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary 
of the United States to Russia; resigned in 1879, and 
I resumed the practice of his profession. Died January 
i 7, 1882. 

Stoughton, "William L.; was born in New 
York, March 20, 1827; studied law, and, on coming 
to the bar, settled in Sturges, Michigan, in 1851; 
from 1856 to 1860 was Prosecuting Attorney; in 1861 
was appointed, by President Lincoln, United States 
District Attorney for Michigan, which olBce he soon 
resigned; entered the Volunteer Army as Lieutenant- 
Colonel; was promoted Colonel, and commanded in 
all the operations of his regiment until wounded at 
Atlanta; wasbrevetted a Brigadier-General for "gal- 
lantry on the field," and after the war was brevetted 
a Major-General; had the credit of firing the last gun 
at Chickamauga; commanded a brigade at Mission 
Ridge and in the Atlanta campaign; lost a leg by a 
c;innon ball at Rupps' Station, in front of Atlanta; in 
1866 was elected Attomey-iGenera! of Michigan; in 
1868 was elected a Representative from that State to 
the Forty-first Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Military Affairs and Revolutionary Pensions; was 
re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, serving on 
important committees. 

Stout, Jacob ; while holding the position of 
Lieutenant-Governor of Delaware, in 18 JO, was Act- 
ing Governor of that State, serving one year. 

Stout, Lansing; was born at Pamelia, New 
York, March 27, 1828; received a limited education: 
commenced active life by working on a larm ana 
teaching school; became a Superintendent of I'ublio 
Schools, and studied law; went to California in 1851; 
in 1856 was elected to the California Legislature; in 
1857 went to Oregon and turned his attention to the 
practice of law; in 1858 was elected .ludge of Mult- 
nomah County; before the close of that year was 
elected a Representative from Oregon to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, serving as a member of the Commit- 
tee on Expenditures in the State Department, and of 
the Special Committee of Thirty-three on the li'ebel- 
lious .States; subsequently served in the State Legis- 
lature. Died in 1870. 

Stover, John H.; was born in Aaronsbnrg, Cen- 
ter County, Pennsylvania, April 24, 1833; received a 
good English education; studied law, and ('anie to 
the bar in 1857; in 1858 was chosen District Attor- 
ney for Center County; in 1861 entered the Volun- 
teer Army as a private; was at once made a Captain; 
served as Major of the One Hundred and Sixth Regi- 
ment of Pennsylvania Volunteers until 1864; v;is 
then Colonel of the One Hundred and Eighty -fourth 
Regiment until the close of the war; participated in 
the battle of Yorktown, the Seven Days' battles, and 
those of Fredericksburg, Antietara, Chancellorsville, 
and Gettysburg, apd was present at the final surren- 
der of the Confederate forces; was several times hon- 
orably mentioned by his superiors in command; after 
the war removed to Missouri; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from that State to the Fortieth Congress, for 
the unexpired term of J. AV. McClurg, serving on the 
Committee on Elections. 



482 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Stow, Silas ; was a Representative in Congress 
from New York from 1811 to 1813. 

Stowell, William H. H.; was born at Windsor, 
Vermont, July 26, 1840; was educated at the Ingh 
schools of Boston, Massachusetts; engaged in mer- 
cantile business; settled in Virginia in 1805; was ap- 
pointed Collector of Internal Revenue for the Fourth 
District in 1869; was elected a Representative Irom 
Virginia to the Forty -second, Forty-third, and Forty- 
fourth Congresses, serving on the Committee on Post 
Offices audPost Roads. 

Stower, John G-.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York, from 1827 tolS29; was a State 
Senator from Madison County in 1833 and 1834. 

Sti-ader, Otto ; was an early emigrant to Louis- 
iana- in 1806 was appointed a Judge of the United 
States District Court for the District of Louisiana. 

Strader, P. W.; was born in Warren, New .Jer- 
sey NrvemberO, 1^18; removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, 
■with his parents, in 1819, going down the great river 
in a flat boat; spent three years of his boyhood in a 
printing office; served as a clerk in Easton, Pennsyl- 
vania but returned to Ohio in 1835; from that year 
until 1848 served as a clerk and an engineer on the 
steamboats of the Ohio; was a general ticket agent 
for the Little Miami Railroad for many years, re- 
signing the position in 1867; in 1868 was elected a 
Representative from Ohio to the Forty-first Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Coins, Weights and 
Measures, and Interior Department. 

Strait, Horace B. ; was born in Potter County, 
Pennsylvania, .lunuary 26, 1835; received a good ed- 
ucation; removed to Indiana in 1846, and to Minne- 
sota in 1855: entered the Union Army in 1862 as 
Captain of Infantry; was promoted, serving at the 
close of the war as Inspector-General on the staff of 
General McArthur; was elected Mayor of Shakopee 
in 1H70. aud re-elected in 1871 and 1672; was one of 
the Trustees of the Minnesota Hospital for the Insane; 
was engaged in the manufacliiring and banking 
business, and was President of the First National 
Bank of Shakopee; was elected to the Forty-third 
Congress, and re-elected to the Forty-fourth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Weights and 
Measures and Public Buildings; re-elected to the 
Forty-fifth Congress; was again elected a Representa- 
tive to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Con- 
gresses; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Stranahan, J. S. T. ; was born in New York, 
and was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1855 to 1857. 

Strange, Robert; was born in Virginia, Sep- 
tember 20, 17!I6; was educated at Hampden Sidney 
College; studied law, and removed to North Caro- 
lina, where he took a high position in his profession; 
served a number of years in the State Legislature; 
in 1826 was elected a Judge of the Superior Court; 
held the office until elected a Senator of the United 
States, in 1835; resigned his seat in 1840, having re- 
ceived from his Stale instructions incompatible with 
his ideas of duty; was subsequently appointed So- 
licitor for the Fifth Judicial District of the State; 
toward the close of his life was whoUy devoted to 
his profession; was the author of a novel, printed for 
private circulation, entitled "Eoneguski; or, the 
Cherokee Chief" Died in 1854. 

Stratton, Charles C; was born in New Jersey 
in 1796; wiis an active politician; served a number 
of years in the State Legislatme; was a Representa- 



tive in Congress from New Jersey, from 1837 to 
1839, and again from 1841 to 1843; was a candidate 
for election to the Twenty-sixth Congress, but, 
although he appeared with a certifi&ite under the 
the broad seal of his State, was not admitted; was 
a member of the "Constitutional Convention" of 
1 84 4, and Governor of New Jersey from 1844 to 1848, 
after which he retired to his Ihrm in Gloucester 
County, where he died, March 30, 1859. 

Stratton, John ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia, from 1801 to 1803. 

Stratton, John L. N.; was born at Mount 
Holly, New Jersey, in 1817; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1836; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1839; in 1858 was elected a Representa- 
tive from New Jersey to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on Elections, 
and the Special Committee of Thirty-three on the 
Rebellious States; was re-elected to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Committees on Ways 
and Means, and on National Armories; was also a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion " of 1866. 

Stratton, Nathan T.; was born in New Jersey; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1851 to 1855. 

Straub, Christian M.; was bora in Pennsyl- 
vania; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1953 to 1855. 

Strawb ridge, James D.; was born in Montour 
County, Pennsylvania, in 1821; received a good edu- 
cation at Princeton College, graduating in 1844; 
graduated in medicine at the University of Pennsyl- 
vania in 1847; practiced medicine at Danville; 
entered the Army as a Brigade-Surgeon of Volun- 
teers, and served throughout the war; was captured 
while medical Director of the Eighteenth Army 
Corps in front of Richmond, and remained three 
months in Libby Prison; resumed the practice of 
medicine after the close of the war; was elected a 
Representative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-third 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Civil Service 
and Invalid Pensions. 

Street, Randall S.; was born in Catskill, Nev7 
York, in 1780; after receiving a good education, 
studied Law, and settled in the practice of the profes- 
sion at Poughkeepsie; in 1810 was appointed District 
Attorney for the State, and was re-appointed in 1813; 
soon afterwards, as Major and Lieutenant-Colonel, 
served in the army during the war with England ; 
was a Representative in Congress from New York 
from 1819 to 1821, and occupied a high position as 
such; was promoted to the rank of General of the 
Militia; in 1823 removed to Monticello, in Sullivan 
County, where he continued to reside, in the practice 
of his profession, until his death, which occurred in 
1841. He was the father of the gifted poet, Alfred B. 
Street, and a relative, also, of Augustus R. Street, 
who founded the Fine Art Gallery of Yale College. 

Streeter, P. B.; was born in Pennsylvania; in 
1854 was appointed, from that State, Solicitor of 
the United States Treasury, remaining in office until 

1857. 

Strickland, O. F.; was an early emigrant h) 
Utah; was appointed an Associate Justice of the 
United States Court for that Territory. 

Strickland, Randolph ; was born at Danville, 
Steuben County, New York, February 4, 1823; re- 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



4tJ3 



csived a common school education; engaged in 
teaching; removed to Michigan in 1844; studied law; 
came to the bar in 1819; was Prosecuting Attorney 
for Clinton County in 1852, 1854, 1856, 1858, and 
1862; was elected to the State Senate in 1861 and 
1862; was a Provost .Marshal from 186:5 to. 1865; was 
a member of the State Republican Committee; was a 
Delegate to the National Conventions of 1856 and 
1868; was elected a Kepresentative from Michigan to 
the Forty-iirst Congress, serring ou the Committees 
on Invalid Pensions, and Mines and Mining. 

Strohm, John ; was born October 16, 1793, in 
Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, in what is now 
Fulton Township; received a common school educa- 
tion; taught school for six years; in 1831 was elected 
a member of the Legislature of his native State, serv- 
ing three sessions in the House and eight in the 
Senate, during one term as Speaker; was a ReiMe- 
seutative in Congress from 1845 to 1S47, and for a 
second terra ending in 1849; was a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866. 

strong, Caleb ; was born in Northampton, Mas 
sachusetts, in January, 1715; graduated at Harvard 
College in 1764; in consequence of poor health did not 
commence the practice of law for eight years after- 
wards; passed his life at Northampton, where his 
paternal ancestors had lived from the year 1659; in 
1775 was a member of the Committee of Safety; in 
178l) was chosen one of the Council of Massachusetts : 
in 1779 as^iisttd in forming the Constitution of that 
State: in 1787 also assisted in forming the Constitu- 
ti(m of the United States, but did not sign that in- 
strument; from 178!> to 1797 was a Senator in Con- 
gress; from 1800 to 1807 was Governor of the State; 
also from 1812 to 181G; was a Presidential Elector in 
1809; was a man of unimpeachable moral character. 
and po.ssessed a vigorous and well-cultivated mind. 
Died November 7, 1819. 

Strong, James; was horn in Windham, Connecti- 
cut, in 1783; graduated at the University ol' Ver- 
mont in 1806; was a Representative in Congress 
from New York from 1819 to 1821, and again from 
1823 to 1831. Died in Chester, New Jersey, August 
8, 1847. 

Strong, Jedediah ; was a Delegate from Con- 
necticut to the Continental Congress from 1782 to 
1784. 

Strong, Julius L.; was born at Bolton, County 
of Tolland, Connecticut, November 8, 1828; went 
through a course of studies at Union College, but did 
not graduate, and attended the Law School at Balls- 
ton, in New York; studied law; came to the bar in 
1853. and settled in Hartford; was a member of the 
Connecticut Legislature for two years; in 1859 was 
elected a Representative from Connecticut to the 
Forty-First Congress: was re-elected to the Forty- 
second Congress. Died in Hartford, Connecticut, 
September 7, 1872. 

Strong, Selah B.; was born in Brookhaven, 
Lonsr Island, May 1, 1792; graduated at Yale College 
in 1811 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1814; was at one time Attorney for Suffolk County; 
was a Repi-.'sentative in Congress from 1843 to 1845; 
in 1847 was appointed a Judge of the Supreme Court 
of New York. 



Strong, Solomon; was a Representative in 
Congress from Massachusetts from 1S15 to 1819; was 
a meml)cr of the State Legislature in 1812, 1813, 
1843 and 1844; was .Judge of the Court of Common 
Pleas from 1818 to 1842. Died Septembers, 1850, 
aged seventy-one years. 



Strong, Stephen; was born in Connecticut; was 
a Representative in Congress from New York from 
1845 to 1847. 

Strong, Theron R.; was bom in Connecticut; 
served in the Assembly of New York from Wayne 
County in 1842; was a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1839 to 1841. 

Strong, 'Willlani ; was born in Windham Coun- 
ty, Connecticut; was a Representative in Congress 
from Yermont from 1811 to 1815, and again from 
1819 to 1821; was, for eight years, Sheritf of Hart- 
ford County; was Judge of the same County; was a 
member of the State Legislature for eight years. 

Strong, "William ; was born at Somers, Tolland 
County, Connecticut, May 6, 1808; was educated at 
Plainlield Academy, and at Yale College; after 
graduating, in 1828, taught school in Connecticut, 
and in New Jersey, meanwhile studying law; was 
admitted to the bar in Philadelphia in 1832, and soon 
utter began to practice law in Reading, Berks Coun- 
ty, Pennsylvania; was elected from Pennsylvania to 
the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses; on retiring 
from Congress, resumed the practice of his profession, 
in which he continued until 1857. when he was 
elected a Judge of the Supreme Court of Pennsyl- 
vania for fifteen years; resigned that position in 
1868 and returned to the bar; in 1870 was appointed 
an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
United States; in 1867 received from Lafayette College 
the degree of LL.D., and the same honor from Yale 
College and the College of New Jersey. 

Strong, ^Villiam ; was born in Vermont; was 
an early eniignmt to the Territory of Washington, 
and was appointed an Associate Justice of the United 
States for that Territory. 

Strother, George P.; was a native of Culpepper 

County, Virginia; was a lawyer by profe.'isiou ; was a 
K'epresentative in Congress from Virginia from 1817 
to 1820, when he was appointed Receiver of Public 
Monf^ys at St. Louis, Missouri. 

Strother, James F.; was born in Culpepper 
County, Virginia, September 4, 1811; received a col- 
legiate education, and adopted the profession of the 
law; served ten years in the Legislature of Virginia, 
and was Speaker during the sessions of 1847 and 
1848: in 1850 was a member of the Convention which 
framed the present Constitution of the State; was a 
Representative in Congress from 1851 to 1853. Died 
in Culpepper County, September 20, 1860. 

Strouse, Myer ; was born in Germany, Decem- 
l>er 16, 1825; came, with his father, to the United 
folates in 1832, and settled in I'ottsville, Pennsyl- 
vania; received an academic education and studied 
law; from 1848 to 1852 edited a newspaper in Phila- 
delphia called the North American Farmer, after 
which he devoted himself to the practice of his pro- 
fession; in 1802 was elected a Representative from 
Pennsylvania to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Roads and Canals; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Territories, K.xpensesin the Interior 
Department, and Mines and Mining. 



Struble, Isaac H.; was born near Fredericks- 
burg, Virginia, November 3, 1843; removed, with 
his paisnta, to Ohio in 1847, and to lo.va City, Iowa, 
in 1857; received a common school education, ami 
attended the Iowa University one year; served in the 
Union Army throughout the war of the Rebellion; 
studied law in Illinois, and was admitted to the bat 



484 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



at Polo, in that State, in 1870; in 1872 removed to 
Le Mars, Iowa, and continued the practice of his pro- 
fession; was elected a Representative from Iowa to 
the Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the 
Forty -ninth Congress. 

Struclwlck, William E.; was a Representative 
in Congress from Maryland from 1796 to 1797. 

Stuart, Alexander; was appointed an Asso- 
ciate Ju.stice of the United .States t'ourt for the Terri- 
tory of Illinois in Ib'Uy, and in 1814 was transferred 
to a similar position in the Territory of Missouri. 

Stuart, Alexander H. H.; was born in Staun- 
ton, Virginia, April 2, 1807; his early educatiou was 
received at the Staunton Academy, and in 1824 he 
Bpent one session at William and Mary College; then 
connnenced the study of law, which he finished at 
the University of Virginia, in 1828, and was admit- 
ted to practice in Staunton in that year; his politi- 
cal career hegan as a member of the " Voung Men's 
Convention" in Wa-shington, in 1832; in 1836 was 
elected a member of the House of Delegates, of Vir- 
ginia, from the County of Augusta, and was re-elected 
in 1837 and 1838; in 1839 declined a re-election, and 
pursued the practice of law; took an active part in 
the canvass of 1840 for President Harrison; in 1841 
was elected a Representative in Congress from Vir- 
ginia, and served until 1843; in 1844 delivered the 
annual address before the American Institute in New 
York City; was Presidential Elector on the Clay 
ticket in 1844, having been, from the outset of life, a 
devoted personal friend of that statesman; was also 
a Presidential Elector in 1848; in ISoO was invited. 
by President Fillmore, to fill the office of Secretary 
of the Interior, which he held until 1853, and then 
returned to the practice of his profession in Staunton ; 
in 185() was a member of the Convention which nom- 
inated Mr. Fillmore for the Presidency; in 1857 was 
elected to the State Senate of Virginia for four years, 
and devoted himself especially to the subject of in- 
ternal improvements; was a Delegate to the Phila- 
delphia "National Union Convention" in 1866. 

Stuart, Andrew; was born in Pennsylvania; 
■was elected a Representative in Congress from Ohio, 
from 1853 to 1855. 

Stuart, Archibald ; was bom in Virginia; was 
elected a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1837 to 1839. 

Stuart, Charles E.; was bom in Columbia 
County, New York, November 25, 1810; adopted the 
profession of the law; was a member of the Michi- 
gan Legislature in 1842; was a Representative in the 
Thirtieth and Thirty-second Congresses; in 1853 was 
elected a Senator in Congress for six years, serving 
as Chairman of the Committee on Public Lands; was 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia "National Union 
Convention" of 1866. 

Stuart, David; was born in New York; was a 
Representative in Congress from Michigan, from 1853 
to 1855. 

Stuart, John T.; was bom in Fayette County, 

Kentucky, November 10, 1807; graduated at the 
Centre College, Danville, in 1826; having studied 
law, settled in Hlinois, where he practiced his pro- 
fession; in 1832 and 1834 was a member of the Illi- 
nois Legislature; w.as elected a 1' presentative from 
Illinois to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh 
Congresses, serving on the Committee on Territories- 
in 1848 was elected to the State Senate, serving four 



years; in 1862 was elected a Representative to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Committee on 

Foreign Affairs, ^j^ AW . 'i'-:^' 

Stuart, Philip ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Maryland, from 1811 to 1819. 

Sturgeon, Daniel; was born in Pennsylvania, 
October 27, 1789; was a Senator in Congress from 
Pennsylvania, from 1840 to 1851, serving on several 
Committees; in 1853 was appointed, by President 
Pierce, Treasurer at Philadelphia. 

Sturgis, Jonathan ; was born at Fairfield, Con- 
necticut, August 23, 1740; graduated at Yale College 
in 1759, and became a lawyer; in 1775 was chosen a 
Delegate to Congress; espoused and supported the 
cause of Independence; wiis a Representative in 
Congress from 1789 to 1793, when he was appointed 
a Judge of the Supreme Court of Connecticut; con- 
tinued in that office until 1805; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1797 and 1805; the degree of LL.D. was 
conferred upon him by Yale College. Died at Fair- 
field, October 4, 1819. The prominent merchant of 
New York, bearing the same name, was his grand- 
son 

Sturgis, Le-wns Burr ; was bom at Fairfield, 
Connecticut, in 1762; graduated at Yale College in 
1782; ^vas a Representative in Congress from Con- 
necticut from 1805 to 1817; subsequently emigrated 
to the State of Ohio. Died in Norwalk, Ohio, March 
30, 1844. 

Sullivan, George ; was born in Durham, New 

Hampshire, in 1772; graduated at Harvard Univers- 
ity in 1790; commenced, in early life, the practice of 
law at Exeter, which he continued for more than , 
forty years, and acquired a high reputation ; was a 
Representative in the General Court in 1805 and 
1813; was a Representative in Congress in 1811 and 
1812; was a member of the State Senate in 1814 and 
1815; was twenty-one years Attorney-General of the 
State, which office he resigned in 1836. Died in 
Exeter, June 14, 1838, highly esteemed for his tal- 
ents and public usefulness. 

Sullivan, James ; was born at Berwick, Massa- 
chusetts (now Maine); April 22, 1744; was educated 
by his father; was a lawyer by profession; settled at 
Biddeford, and was King's Attorney for the Co nty 
of York; took an active part on the side of his coun- 
try during the Revolution; in 1775 was a member of ' 
the Provincial Congress; in 1776 was appointed,,'] 
Judge of the Superior Court; was a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress in 1782; was a member of the 
Executive Council, and Judge of Probate; in 1790 
was appointed Attorney-General, which office he re- 
tained till 1807, when he was elected Governor of 
the State; was the author of a " History of Maine," 
a " Dissertation on Banks, and on the Suability of 
States," " History of Land Titles in Massachusetts," 
a " Dissertation on the Constitutional Liberty of the 
Press," and a "History of the Penobscot Indians." 
Died December 10, 1808. Had the title of LL.D. 

Sullivan, John; was bom in Massachusetts, 
February 17, 1740; settled in New Hampshire as a 
lawyer; attained the rank of Major-General in the 
Revolutionary Army; was captured at the battle of 
Long Island; commanded a division at Trenton,- 
Brandy^vine, and Germantown, and also an expedi- 
tion against the Indians; was a Delegate from New- 
Hampshire to the Continental Congress in 1774 and 
1775, and again in 1780 and 1781; was, for three 
years. President of New Hampshire; in 1789 was ap- i 



BIOGKAPllICAL ANNAJ.S. 



4fS 



pointed a Judge of the District Court, which office he 
held until liis death. Died January 23, 1795. 

Sullivan, Peter J.; was a citizen of Ohio; from 
1867 Ui ]H(i!)held the position of Minister K'esident to 
Coloniljia; in 1868, in concert with Caleb Cashing, 
was instructed to negotiate a treaty with that coun- 
try lor a ship canal across the Isthmus. Died March 
2, 1883. 

Summers, George W.; was bom in Fairfax 

County', Virginia, near Ale.\'andria; lived from in- 
fancy in Kanawha County, in the western part of the 
State; w;us educated for the legal profession, and 
came to the bar in 1827; in 1830 was elected a mem- 
ber of the House of Delegates, and continued to rep- 
resent Kanawha County in the Legi.slature for sev- 
eral years; was elected to the National House of Rep- 
resentatives in the spring of 1841, and re-elected in 
1843, serving throughout the Twenty-seventh and 
Twenty-eighth Congresses; in 1850 was elected a 
member of the State Convention which framed the 
present Constitution of Virginia; in 1851 was unani- 
mously nominated as the Whig candidate for Gov- 
ernor at the first election of the Governor by the 
people, that officer having been previously chosen by 
the Jiegislature, but was defeated; in May, l«.Vi, was 
elected Judge of the Eighteenth Judicial Circuit in 
Virginia; having served in that capacity for six 
years, resigned July 1, 18.58, there being two yeai-s 
of the term for which he had been elected unexpired; 
was a Delegate to the " Peace Congress " of 1861. 

Sumner, Charles ; was born in Boston, Massa- 
chusetts, .lanuary 6, 1811; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1-30: spent the three succeeding years 
at the Cambridge Law School; for three years had 
editorial charge of the Amn-ieaii Jurist: was admitted 
to the bar in 1834, and settled in Boston; was subse- 
quently the Reporter of the United States Circuit 
Court, and published three volumes, whi<'h now bear 
his name; was, for three winters, a teacher at the 
Cambridge Law School ; soon afterwards edite<l 
"Duulap's Treatise on Admiralty Practice"; about 
this time declined a Professorshi]) tendered to him by 
his>l/m(( Miiltr: in 1837 visited Europe; was received 
with marked attention in England, and remained 
abroad until 1840; during the years 1844 to 1846 pro- 
duced an edition of "Vesey's Reports,'' in twenty 
volumes; from that time onward frequently appeared 
in public as a speaker on various philanthropic and 
literary subjects, and two volumes of his orations 
were published in 1850; in 1851 was elected a Sena- 
tor in Congress from Massachusetts; in 1856, for 
words uttered in debate on the subject of slavery, was 
assaulted at his desk in the Senate Chamber, by 
Preston S. Brooks, a Representative from South Caro- 
lina, from the effects of which his health suffered, 
and he again visited Europe, having been, just before 
his departure, re-elected to the Senate for a second 
term; in 18,53 ))ublished a work on " White Slavery 
in the Barbary States," and in 18.56 a volume of 
"Speeches and Addresses"; in 1863 was re-elected 
to the Senate for the third term, ending in 186!I, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on Foreign 
Relations, and on several other important committees; 
was also a member of the National Committee ap- 
pointed to accompany the remains of I'usident Lin- 
coln to Illinois; was a Delegate to the Philadeli)hia 
" Ix)yalists' Convention" of 1866. Died in Wash- 
ington, March 11, 1874. 

Sumner, Charles A.; was born at Great Bar- 
rington, Massachusetts, August 2, 1835; was edu- 
cated at Cheshire Episcopal Academy, and at Trinity 
College, Connecticut; studied law, and was admitted 



to the bar, but devoted himself almost exclusively to 
shorthand reporting and editorial duties; served in 
the Union Army during the War of the Rebellion, as 
Assistant Quarterm.ister United States Volunteers, 
and iis Colonel of the First Nevada Inlimtry; was a 
member of the Nev;wla Senate from 1864 to 1868; 
President of the Senate in 1868; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from California to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress. 

Sumner, Daniel H. ; was born at Malone. New 
Vork, September 15. 183"; removed to Michigan in 
1843; received a common school education; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1868; in that 
year removed to Ocononiowoc^, Wisconsin, and en- 
gaged in the practice of law; in 1871 settled at Wau- 
kesha, Wisconsin; in 1875 was elected District .at- 
torney and served two years; was unanimously re- 
nominated, but declined further service; was elected 
a Representative from Wisconsin to the Forty-eighth 
Congress. 

Sumner, Increase ; was born at Roxbnry, Mas- 
sachusetts, November 27, 1746; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1767; taught school at Roxbnry two 
years; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1770; commenced practice in Roxbury; became snc- 
cessful, and received the degree of LL.D. ; was a 
State Representative from 1776 to 1780; a State Sena- 
tor from 178U to 1782; an Associate Judge of the 
Supreme Judicial Court from 1782 to 1797; member 
of the State Constitutional Convention in 1779; in 
1789 was a member of the Convention for the adop- 
tion of the Federal Constitution; was Governor of 
M;issachusetts from 1797 to 1799. Died .lune 7, 
1799. 

Sumter, Thomas ; was a distinguished soldier 
of tlie .\merican Revolution; was a citizen of South 
Carolina; was promoted, by Governor Rutledge, in 
1780, from the office of Colonel to that of Brigadiei- 
General; for his services received the thanks of Con- 
gress, and theapplan.se of his country; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from South Carolina from 1789 
to 1793, and was one of those who voted for locating 
the Seat of Government on the Potomac; in 1801 was 
elected a Senator in Congress, serving until 1809, 
when he was appointed .Minister to Brazil; after 
spending two years abroad, returned home and was 
again elected to the .Senate. Hied suddenly .lune 1, 
1832, at Strasburg, aged ninety-seven years. The 
naming of Fort Sumter was a tribute to his memory. 

Sumter, Thomas D.; was born in Pennsyl- 
vania; was elected a Representative in Congress from 
South Carolina from 1840 to 1843. 

Sutherland, Jabez G,; was born in Onondaga 
County, New York. October 6, 1825; removed, with 
his father, to Michigan in 1836; studied law, ;ind 
came to the bar in 1848; in 1849 .settled in Saginaw 
City, and was made Prosecuting .Vttorney for that 
County; was a Delegate to the Constitutional ('(m- 
vention of 1850; in 1853 was elected to the State 
Legislature; during the next ten years was wholly 
devoted to the practice of his profession; in I~<.'>8 was 
the unsuccessful Democratic candidate for tlu; office 
of Attorney -General: in 18f)3 was electe<l Circuit 
Judge of the Tenth Circuit, and was re-elected to the 
same position in 18()9 without opposition; his Circuit 
was. lor a time, the largest in the Stale, and his writ- 
ten decisions would till many volumes: was a Dele- 
gate to the Constitutional Convention of 1867; in 
jVugust. 1870. was. contrary to his wishes, elected to 
the I'orty-second Congress, ser\ing on the Committee 
on Naval Aftaii^. 



486 



BIOGIJAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Sutherland, Joel B.; was a RepreseutaUve w 
Congress from Philadelphia County, Pe^^^-V ;'^^,\"' 
from 1827 to 1837, and was Chairman of the Comm t- 
tee on Comnierce during the Twenty-fourth Congress. 
Died in Philadelphia, November lo, 18bl. 

Sutherland, Josiah; was born in New York; 
T,as elected a Representative from New \ oik to he 
Thirty-second Congress; was ^subsequently aJmlge 
of the Supreme Court of the State. 

Swain, David Lowry; was born near -^^liville 
North Ca;olina, .January 4, 1801; graduated at t e 
University of North Carolina; was admitted to the 
bar in 1823, and soon entered upon a lucra ive prac- 
ttee; in 1824 was elected to represent Buncombe 
County in the House of Commons ot the btate, m 
1831 was appointed a Judge of the Supreme Court: 
from 1832 to 1835 was Governor of the State; from 
that time until his death was President of the 
University of North Carolina; published british 
Invasion of North Carolina in Iwb, Bvo Ib.w, 
and contributed n.any valuable papers on tlie His- 
tory of North Carolina to the Universtry M.ujaznu. 
Died at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, September 3, 
1868. 

Swan, John; was a Delegate from North 
Carolina to the Continental Congress trom 1787 to 
1788. 

Swan Samuel ; was born in Somerset County, 
New Jersey in 1771; was a Representative m Con- 
gress from New Jersey from 1821 to 1831. Died at 
Brunswick, New Jersey, August 24, 1844. 



and classical education, and prepared himself for the 
medical prole-sion; hegau the study of law, at \\ ar- 
r^nton- after his admission to the bar, in 1824, re- 
moved to Ohio, and settled at Coshocton; in 1829 waa 
elected to the Legislature of that State; in 1830 wa,T 
appointed United States District Attorney lor Ohio, 
holdiii" that position nine years, and residing in Co- 
lumbus; in 1834 was chosen Judge of the Court of 
Common Pleas, but declined the office; in 1836 was 
afain elected to the State Legislature, and took part 
in organizing Institutions or Asylums for the benefit 
of the blind, the insane, and the deaf and dumb of the 
State; in 1861 was appointed a Justice of the Su- 
preme Court of the United States. 

Swearingen, Henry; was born in Pennsyl- 
vania; was a Representative in Congress from Ohio 
Irom 1839 to 1841. 

Sw^earingen, Thomas V.; was born in Jeffer- 
son County, Virginia; was elected a Representative 
in Congress from that State from 1819 to 18i2, when 
he died in Virginia. 

Sweat, Lorenzo D. M.; was born at Parson ville, 
York County, Maine, May 26. 1818; graduated at 
Bowdoin College in 1837, and at the Harvard Law 
School in 1840; during the next two years practiced 
law in New Orleans; in 18.56 and 1860 was a City 
Solicitor in Portland ; in 1862 was a member of the 
State Senate; was elected a Representative from 
Maine to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Private Land Claims; was a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia ''National Union Convention" of 
1806. 



Swann, Thomas ; was born in Alexandria. Vir- 
ginia- was educated at Columbia College, and the 
University of Virginia; studied law with his lather 
in Washington; was appointed Secretary of the Nea- 
politan Commission; in 1834 settled in Baltimore, 
Maryland; two years afterward was chosen a Director 
of tiie Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company; in 
1847 was chosen President of the same, which office 
he resigned in 1853; was also President of the North- 
western Virginia Railroad Company, disbursing in 
behalf of the two roads about thirteen million ilol- 
lars; after a sojourn in Europe, was. in 1850, elected 
Mayor of Baltimore; was re-elected in 1858; was the 
originator of the Druid Hill Park in that city; eman- 
cipated his slaves before the Rehellion; continued a 
Union man during the war; in 1863 was elected 
President of the First National Bank of Baltimore; 
in 1864 was elected Governor of Maryland; in 1800 
was elected a Senator in Congress, but declined to 
leave the Executive chair; in lr^(i8 was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Maryland to the Forty-tirst Con- 
gress, serving on tlie Committees on Private Land 
Clairns, and Foreign Affairs; was re-elected to the 
three subsequent Congresses, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Appropriations and others of importance; in 
December, 1875, was appointed Chairman of the 
Committee on Foreign .\ffairs; was re-elected to the 
Forty-fifth Congress. Died July 24, 1^^33. 

Swanw^ick, John; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1795 to 1798; resigned 
before the expiration of his second term. 

Swart, Peter ; was a Representative in Congress 
from New York from 1807 to 1809; was a State Sena- 
tor from 1817 to 1820. 

Swayne, Noah H.; was born in Culpepper 
County, Virginia, December 27, 1804; while per- 
foiming the duties of a clerk in an apothecary store 
in Alexandria, accinired the rudiments ot an English 



Sweeney, W. N.; was born in Kentucky, May 5, 
1832; received a good education; studied law; came 
to the bar, and engaged in the practice of that pro- 
fession; in 1868 was elected a Representative from 
Kentucky to the Forty -first Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Invalid Pensions. 

Sweeny, O-aorga ; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Represeiitative in Congress from Ohio, from 
1839 to 1843. 

Sweetser, Charles ; was bom in Vermont; 
was a Representative in Congress from Ohio, from 
1849 to 1853. 

Swift, Benjamin; was born in Amenia, New 
York, April 5, 1781; received an academic educa- 
tion; studied law, and was admitted to practice at 
Bennington in 1806; lived, for a time, in Manclie.ster, 
and subsequently in St. Albans, where he rose to 
eminence in hisprofession ; in 1813, 1814,1825, and 
1820, was a Representative in the General Assembly; 
was a Representative in Congress from Vermont tiom 
1827 to 1831; received the degree of A. M. from Mid- 
dlebury College in 1820. and was a member of the 
Corporation of that institution from 1830 to 1839; in 
1833 was elected to the Senate of the United States 
for six years, after which he retired to private life; 
while in apparently good health, died suddenly, in 
an open Held on bis farm, November 11, 1847. 

S^wift, Zephaniah ; was born at Wareham, 

Massachusetts, in 1759; graduated at Y'ale College in 
1778, and established himself as a lavi-yer at Wind- 
ham, Connecticut, where his superior talents gained 
him a lucrative practice; was a Representative in 
Congress from Connecticut from 1793 to 1797; in 1800 
was Secretary to EUisworth, Davie, and Murray, in 
their mission to France; soon after his return was 
placed on the Bench of tbe Superior Court of the 
State, where he continued eighteen years, during the 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Am 



last five of which he was Chief Justice; was after- 
wards a member of the State Lejjislatnre, and was 
one of the Committee to revise the Statute Laws of 
the State: was a Delegate to the " Hartford Conven- 
tion"; published several works; among them was a 
" Digest of the Laws of Connecticut, ou the model of 
Blackstone." Died at Warren, Ohio, September 27, 
1823. 

S'wrinburne, John; was born at Deer Eiver, 
Lewis County, New York, May 30, 1820; received a 
common school and academic education; graduated 
from the Albany Medical College, at Albany, New 
York, in the spring of 1847, and commenced practice 
at Albany as a physician and surgeon; in 1861 was 
appointed chief medical officer on the staff of General 
John F. Rathboue, and placed in charge of the depot 
for recruits at Albany; in May, 1862, was appointed, 
by Governor Morgan, Auxiliary Volunteer Surgeon 
at the front, with the rank of Medical Superintendent, 
and was re-appointed June 13, by Governor Seymour; 
was appointed Surgeon by the Surgeon-General of the 
United States, and assigned to duty at Savage's Station ; 
was taken prisoner. I une2!l, 1862; in 1861 was appoint- 
ed, by Governor Seymour, Health Officer of the port of 
New Y^ork; was re-appointed by Governor Fenton, in 
1866, holding the position six years; was in charge 
of the American .Vmbulanee Corps during the siege 
of Paris, France, by the Prussians, in 1870 and 1871; 
in 1882 was elected Mayor of Albany; in 1884 was 
elected a Representative from New York to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Swing, Philip B.; was born in Ohio; resided at 
Bativia, in that State, whence he was, in 1871, ap- 
pointed United States Judge for the Southern Dis- 
trict of Ohio. 

S'witzler, "William Franklin ; was born in 
Fayette County, Kentucky, March 16, 1819; removed, 
witli his father, to Missouri in 1821); was educated at 
Jlount Forest Academy; studied law. and came to 
the bar at Columbia, in 1841 ; in that year became 
editor of a paper called the Fatrinl: in 1843, estab- 
lished the Missiiiiri Stii(>.finan; in 184fi and 1848 was 
elected to the State Legislature, and again elected in 
185(i; was a Delegate to the Baltimore Convention of 
1860; in 1862 was appointed Military Secretary of 
State for Arkansas, under the Military Governor, 
John S. Phelps; in 1863 was appointed, by President 
liincoln. Provost Marshal in Missouri; was a Delegate 
to the Missouri Constitutional Convention of 186.'); 
in 1866, unsuccessfully contested the seat, in the 
Fortieth Congress, of George W. Anderson; in 1868 
was elected to the Forty-first Congre.ss; in March, 
18()8. and January, 186!l, the Committee on Elections, 
with only one dissenting voice, declared him entitled 
to a seatin the Fortieth Congress, but the House, by 
a vote of fifty-five to eighty-nine, rejected his claim; 
in 1875 was elected a Delegate to the Missouri State 
Constitutional Convention; in 188') was appointed 
Chief of the Bureau of Statistics, at Washington 
City. 

Swoops. Jacob ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from \irgiuia from 180i» to 1811. 

Swope, John A.; was born at Gettysburg, 
Pennsylvania, December 2r,, 1827; graduated from 
Princeton College, New .Tersey, in 1847; studied 
medicine, but relinquished the practice after a few 
years in order to engage in mercantile pui-suits; be- 
came President of the Gettysburg National Bank in 
187S»; also engaged in manutiicturing and agricultural 
pursuits; in 1882 was elected a Representative from 
Pennsylvania to the I'^orty eighth Congress to fill the 



unexpired term of Hon. William A. Duncan; was 
re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

SwTOpe, Samuel F.; was born in Kentucky; 
was a Representative in Congress from that Stats 
from 1855 to 1857. 

Sykes, George ; was born in New Jersey ; was 
a Representative in ('ongress from that State from 
1843 to 1847. 

Sykes, James ; was a Delegate from Delaware 
to the Continental Congress from 1777 to 1778; held 
various important positions in the State, before and 
after the Revolution. 

Symes, G-eorge Or.; wa-s bom in Ashtabula 
County, Ohio, April 28, 1840; removed, with his par- 
ents, to La Cro.sse County. Wisconsin, in 18.')2; re- 
ceived a good education; in lS6i) began the study of 
the law; betbre completing his course, in April, 1861, 
he enlisted in the Union Army; was wounded at the 
battle of Bull Run; on his recovery, he returned to 
service, but was soon afterwards attacked by lung 
fever, and was honorably discharged from the ser- 
vice; returning home, he resuuied liis law studies; in 
May, 1862, he raised a Volunteer Company and re- 
entered the service as Adjutant of the Twenty-fifth 
Regiment of Wisconsin Volunteers; in 1.863 was pro- 
moted Captain; near Decatur, Alabama, was again 
wounded, and was again sent home; as soon as he 
recovered from his wound he returned to duty with 
the promotion of Colonel of tlu^ Forty-fourth Wis- 
consin Regiment; in 1865 was, tor some time jirior to 
being mustered out of the .service, in command of 
the forces at I'aducah, Kentucky; engaged in restor- 
ing the operation of the civil law; on being mustered 
out of the service, he began the practice of law at 
Paducah; in 1868 was an unsuccessful candidate for 
Congress; in 18l>!) was appointed, by President (irant, 
an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Mon- 
tana; in 1871 resigned, and resumed the practice of 
his profession, locating at Helena, Montana; in 1874 
removed to Denver, Colorado, where he continued to 
practice law; in 1884 was elected the Representative 
from Colorado to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Symmes, John Cleves ; was born on Long Is- 
land, July 21, 1742; was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congiess from Delaware in 1785 and 1786; 
was a Judge of the Superior Court of New Jersey; 
was afterwanls Chief .lustice of New Jersey; in 1788 
was appointed Judge of the Northwest Territory, 
and was founder of the settlements in the Miami 
country. 

Sypher, J. Hale; was born in Pennsylvania, 
.Tuly 22. 1837; received a liberal education, and stud- 
ied law; entered the army in 1861 as a private .sol- 
dier, and attained the rank of Brigadier-General; on 
being mustered out of military .service, in 186.5, waa 
admitted to the bar, but devdted himself to planting 
in Louisiana: was elected a Representative from that 
State to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on the Militia; was re-elected to the three suc- 
ceeding Congresses, serving on various Committees. 

Taber, Stephen ; was born in Dover, Dutchess 
County, New York, (his f:ither, Thomas Taber, also 
served in Congress); received a goo<l academic edu- 
Ciition; in 1839 settled in C^ueen's County, on Long 
IslaTid, and eng:iged in farming; in 18(i0 and 1861 
was elected to the State Legislature; in 1864 waa 
elected a Representative from New York to tb« 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Public Lands; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving ou the Committee on Public Expenditures. 



488 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Taber, Thomas ; was born in New York, Ma.y 
19, 1785; was devoted to agricultural pursuits; was 
a member of the New York Legislature in 182G; was 
a Representative in Congress from New York, from 
1827 to 182a. Died March 21, 1862. 

Tabert, Alfred, T. A.; was a citizen of Dela- 
ware; in 1869 was appointed Minister Resident to 
Salvador, where he remained until 1S71, when he 
was appointed Consul-General to Havana. 

Tabor, Horace A. "W.; was born at Holland. 
Vermont, November 26, 1830; received a common 
Bcbool education; learned the trade of a stone-cutter 
in Massachusetts: removed to Kansas in 1855, and 
thence to Colorado in 1859; became a merchant; was 
Mayor of Leadville in 1878 and 1879; wa'^ Lieuten- 
ant-Governor of Colorado from 18:9 to '.-^83; was 
elected a Senator of the United States from Colorado 
for the unexpired term of Henry M. Teller, resigned, 
Berving from February 1 to March 3, 1883. 

Tabor, Stephen J. "W.; was bom at Corinth, 
Vermont, .Vugust 5, 1815; became an orphan in his 
eleventh year; received an academic education; com- 
menced active life by teaching school; wrote for the 
press, and published a work translated from the 
French; connected himself with a paper called the 
Beacon, in New York City, and also with the Sun: in 
1837 removed to Ashlield, Massachusetts, and studied 
medicine; then had charge of a newspaper at North- 
ampton ; graduated at the College of Physicians in 
New York in 1840, and practiced his profession until 
1855; in the latter year removed to Iowa, and pub- 
li.shed a paper called the Civilian; served several 
years as a County Judge, and also as County Treas- 
urer and Recorder; in 1863 was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Liucoln, I'^ourth Auditor of the Treasury; was 
fond of books; possessed a fine library, and an un- 
sur|iassed collection of books on Tobacco, Tea, and 
Coffee. 

Taffe, John ; was born at Indianapolis, Indiana, 
.Tanuary 30, 1827; received a classical education, and 
adopted the profession of the law; after a brief resi- 
dence in Illinois, removed to Nebraska Territory in 
1856; was elected to the Territorial Legislature in 
1858 and 1859; in 18()0 was e'ected to the Council, 
anl in the winter of 1861 was made President of that 
body; in 1862 raised a regiment of cavalry lor ser- 
vice against the Indians, and was made a Major, in 
which capacity he fought at the battle of Wliitc 
Stone Hills, in 1863; in 1866 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from the new State of Nebraska to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Territories and Indian Affairs: was re-elected to the 
Forty-tirst and Forty-second Congresses, serving on 
various Committees, and as Chairman ol' that on 
Territories; in 1875 was appointed Secretary of Col- 
orado 

Taft, Alphonso ; was born at Townsend, Ver- 
mont. November 5. 1810; graduated from Yale Col- 
lege in 1833; was a tutor at the Ellington (Connecti- 
cut) High School for two years, and then, for two 
years, tutor at Yale College; studied law, while 
"t<-acliing, and was admitted to the bar at New Haven, 
Connecticut, in 1838; in 1839 settled at Cincinnati, 
Ohio, in the practice of law; was a member of the 
City Council for three years; was, for twenty-tive 
years, a member of the Union Board of High Schools; 
also a member of the Board of Trustees of the I'ni- 
versity of Cincinnati, and of the Corporation of Yale 
College, from which latter institution he received the 
degree of Doctor of Laws in ]8i)7; was an unsuccess- 
ful candidate for Congress in 1856; in 1866 was ap- 



pointed to till a vacancy on the Bench of the Superior 
Court of Cincinnati; was elected to that position, 
and was re-elected by the unanimous vote of both 
political parties; resigned in 1872 and resumed the 
practice of law; in March, 1876, was appointed, by 
President Grant, Secretary of War; in the succeed- 
ing May became Attorney-General of the United 
States; in 1877, at the expiration of his terra of office, 
resumed practice; in 1882 was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Arthur, United States Minister to Austria. 

Taggart, Samuel ; was born at Londonderry, 
Massachusetts; graduated at Dartmouth College in 
1774; studied for the ministry, and settled in Cole- 
raine in 1777; was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress from Ma,ssachusetts, serving from 1803 to 1817. 
Died in 1825, aged seventy-one years. 

Tait, Charles ; was born in Louisa County, Vir- 
ginia; removed, at an early age, to Georgia; was, for 
several years, a Judge of the Superior Court of Geor- 
gia; was a Senator in Congress from that State from 
1809 to 1819; distinguished himself as a supporter of 
the administrations of Madison and Monroe; in 1819 
removed to Alabama; was appointed a Judge of the 
District Court, when first established in that State, 
which oflSce he resigned in 1826. Died in Wilcox 
County, Alabama, October 7, 1835, in the sixty- 
eighth year of his age. 

Talbot, Isham ; was born in Bedford County, 
Virginia, in 1773; received a good education; studied 
law, and practiced with success; was a member of 
the Kentucky Senate from 1812 to 1815; from 1815 
to 1819 was a member of the United States Senate, 
and for a second term from 1820 to 1825. Died near 
Frankfort, September 27, 1837. 

Talbot, J. Fred. C; was born in Baltimore 
County, Maryland, July 29, 1843; received a public 
school education; commenced the study of law in 
1862; entered the Confederate Army in 1864, and 
served until the close of the war; was admitted to 
the bar in 1866; was Prosecuting Attorney for Balti- 
more County from 1871 to 1875; was a Delegate to 
the Democratic National Convention of 1876; wa« 
elected a Representative from Maryland to the For- 
ty-sixth. Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Talbot, Mathew ; was born in Virginia in 1767; 
removed to Georgia in 1785; frecjuently served in the 
Legislature; was a Delegate to the Constitutional 
Convention of Georgia; was, for many years, in the 
State Senate, and officiated as President of that body; < 

W.1S acting Governor of the State in 1819. Died in 
Wilkes County, .September 17, 1827. 

Talbot, Silas ; was a Representative in Congress 
from New York from 1793 to 1794, when he was ap- 
pointed, by President Washington, Captain in the 
Navy; served a number of years in the St.tte As.sem- 
bly from Montgomery County. 

Talbot, Thomas; wasborn at Cambridge. Wash- 
ington County. New York, September 7. 1818; left an 
orphan at the age of six years and in straightened 
circumstances, his educational advantages were lim- 
ited; in 1831 settled at Billerica, M.assachnsetts, and j 
began the struggle of life in the carding-room of a 
woolen factory; four years later became an employee 
in the broad-cloth iactory of his elder brothers, at the 
same place; at the age of twenty became oveiseer in 
the finishing-room; attended the Cummington Acad- 
emy during the winter terms, of six months each, of 
1838 and 1839; in 1840 began business on his own 
account, in partnership with one of his brothers, and 
was very successful; was a Keprasentative in the 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



48» 



Massachusetts Legislature for a number of years; was 
a member of the State Constitutional Convention; 
was a member of the Governor's Council for five 
years; in 1872 was elected Lieutenant-Governor of 
Massachusetts; on the election of Governor Wash- 
burne to the United States Senate became Governor; 
in 1874 was an unsuccessful candidate for Governor; 
in 1878 v\ as elected Governor of Massachusetts. Died 
at Lowell, Massachusetts, October 6, 1886. 

Talbot, Thomas H.; was born in Maine; edu- 
cated for the bar; in 1869 was appointed Assistant 
Attorney-General of the United States, holding the 
position about one year. 

Talbott, Albert G-.; was born in Kentucky; was 
elected a Representative from that State to the Thir- 
ty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses, and was Chair- 
man of the Committee on Expenditures in the War 
Department, and a member of that on Roads and 
Canals. 

Taliaferro, Benjamin ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Georgia from 1799 to 1802. Died 
September 3, 1821. 

Taliaferro, John ; was born in Spottsylvania 
County, Virginia, in 1768; was a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1801 to 1803, from 181 1 
to 1813, from 1824 to 1S31, and from 1835 to 1843; 
in 180.5 and 1821 was a Presidential Elector; for three 
years before his death was Librarian of the Treasury 
Department in Washington. Died at his residence 
in Virginia, August 18, 1853. 

Tallmadge, Benjamin; was born in Suffolk 
County, New York, February 25, 1754; his military 
services were very valuable; acted a promijient part 
in the capture of Andre; in 1780 planned and con- 
ducted the expedition which resulted in the capture 
of Fort George and the destruction of the Briti.sh 
stores on Long Island; was a member of Washing- 
ton's military family; after the war, having attained 
the rank of General, engaged in mercantile pursuits, 
and acquired a large property; was a Representative 
in Congress from Connecticut from 1801 to 1817; was 
respected for his public services and private char- 
acter. Died in Litchfield, Connecticut, March 6, 
1835. 

Tallmadge, Frederick A.; was born in Litch- 
field, Connecticut, August 29, 1792; graduated at 
Yale College in 1811; having studied law, settled in 
practice in New York in 1814; in 1836 waselecfedan 
Alderman of the city, and also a State Senator; was 
subsequently, for five years. Recorder of the City; 
was a Representative from New York in the Thirtieth 
Congress; was again Recorder for three years; in 
1857 w;is appointed General Su]icrintendent of the 
Metropolitan Police; was subsequently appointed 
Clerk of the Court of Appeals; was the son of Ben- 
jamin Tallmadge. Died in Litchfield, September Ui. 
1869. 

Tallmadge, James, Jr.; was bom in Stanford, 
Dutchess County, New Y'ork, ,Ianuary 28, 178H; 
graduated at Brown University in 1798; was by pro- 
fession a lawyer; early in life was Private Secretary 
to Governor Clinton, and during the War of 1812 
commanded a portion of the force detailed for the 
defense of New York City; from 1817 to 1819 was a 
Representative in Congress from New York; de<lineil 
a re-electiou: was a member of the Convention which 
framed the Constitution of the Stale; in 1823 wa.-s 
elected to the Assembly from Dutchess County; from 
1825 to 1828 wa-s Lieiitenant-tiovernor under General 



Clinton; in 1846 was a member of the "Constitu- 
tional Convention" of New York; durin;; the last 
twenty years of his life was President of the Ameri- 
can Institute in New York; visited Europe, and ben- 
efited the United States by his introduction of Amer- 
ican machinery into Russia, by inducing that gov crn- 
ment to adopt it in their manufacture of cotton 
goods; was one of the founders of the University of 
New York, and was President of the Council; was 
honored with the degree of LL.D. from that Institu- 
tion. Died suddenly in New York City, September 
29, 18,53. 

Tallmadge, Matthias B.; was a native of New 
York; received a good education, and adopted the 
profession of the law; in 1805 was appointed, by 
President Jeiferson, United States Jndge for the Nor- 
thern District of New York, 

Tallmadge, Nathaniel P.; was born in Chat- 
ham, Columbia County, New York, February 8, 1795; 
graduated at Union College; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1813; was a mei ber of the 
Assembly of New Y'ork in 1828; wiis a member of 
the State Senate from 1830 to 1833; was a Senator in 
Congress from New York from 1833 to 1844; was 
subsequently appointed, by President Tyler, Ter- 
ritorial Governor of Wisconsin, where he resided, de- 
voted to his profession. Died at Battle Creek, Mich- 
igan, November 2, 1864. 

Tallman, Peleg ; was born at Tiverton, Rhode 
Island, in 1764; in 1778, at the age of fourteen, 
entered the privateering service; in 1780 had his left 
arm shot off; in 1781 was taken prisoner, and was 
confined in Ireland and England until the peace of 
1783; soon afterwards became Commander of a mer- 
chant vessel; after following a seafaring life for 
many years, devoted himself to the business of a 
merchant, and acquired a large fortune; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Massachusetts from 
1811 to 1813. Died at Bath, Maine, March 8, 1841. 

Taney, Roger B.; was born in Calvert County, 
Maryland, March 17, 1777; graduated at Dickin.son 
College in 1795; studied law, and came to the bar in 
1799; in 1801 was elected to the State A.ssembly and 
settled at Frederick; subsequently served four years 
in the State Senate; removed to Baltimore in 1822; 
in 1827 was chosen Attorney-General of Maryland; 
in 1831 was appointed Attorney-General of the 
United States in President .Tack.son's Cabinet; was 
also appointed Secretary of the Treasury, but was re- 
jected by the Senate; was appointed a Justice of the 
Supreme Court of the United States, but was again 
rejected by the Senate; in 1836 was. appointed, by 
President Jackson, Chief Justice of the Supreme 
Court of the United States, in the place of John 
Marshall, which office he filled with acknowledged 
ability until his death, which occurred in Washing- 
ton City, October 12, 1864. Some of his decision.s, as 
a Cabinet officer and as Chief Justice, (•x<'itcd great 
interest throughout the country. His life, written 
l>y his pensonal friend, Samuel Tyler, and pul)Iished 
iu 1872, attracted marked attention, and was con- 
sidered a work of great ability. 

Tanner, A. H,; was born at Granville, Washing- 
ton County, New York, May 23, 18:!3; studied law, 
and came to the bar in 1853; in 1862 entered the 
volunteer army as a Captain; as Lieutenant-Colonel 
of the One Hundred and Twenty-third Regiment of 
Infantry, served until the dosie of the war — first in 
the Army of the Potomac, and subsequently through- 
out the Atlanta Campaign and that of the Carolinas; 
in 1868 was elected a Representative from New York 



490 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



to the Forty-first Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Public Buildings and Grounds, and War De- 
partment. 

Tappan, Benjamin ; was born at Northamptoni 
Massachusetts, May 25, 1773; was taught tlie busi- 
ness of copperplate engraving and printing; devoted 
some attention to portrait-painting; subsequently 
studied and adopted the profession of the law; in 
1799 emigrated to Ohio, and was one of the earliest 
settlers there; in 18U3 was elected to the Legislature 
of the New State; served in the War of 181-2 as Aid- 
de-camp to General Wadsworth; was, for seven 
years, President Judge of the Fifth Ohio Circuit; in 
1833 was appointed, by President Jackson, United 
States Judge for the District of Ohio; was a Senator 
in Congress from Ohio from 1839 to 1845, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on the Library; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1833. Died at SteubenviUe, 
Ohio, April 12, 1857. 

Tappan, Mason W.; was born at Newport. Sul- 
livan County, New Hampshire; was prepared for Col- 
lege, and studied law as a profession; was a member 
of the State Legislaturein 1853, 1854, and 18.55; was 
B Representative from New Hampshire in the Thirty- 
fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Thirty-tifth 
and Thirty-sixth Congresses, serving as a member of 
the Committee on the Judiciary, as Chairman of the 
Committee on Claims, and as a member of the 
Special Committee of Thirty-three on the Rebellious 
States; was a Delegate to the Philadelijhia "Loyalists' 
Convention" of 18ti6. 

Tarbox, John Kemble ; was bora at Methuen. 
Massachusetts, May (i, 1838; received an academic 
education; was admitted to the bar in 1860; served in 
the Union Army in the Fourth Regiment of Massa- 
chusetts Volunteers; was a member of the Legisla- 
ture of Massachusetts in 186-<, 1870,and 1871, and of 
the State Senate in 1872; was Mayor of the City of 
Lawrence in 1873 and 1874; was elected a Repre- 
sentative to the Forty-fourth Congress from Massa- 
chusetts. 

Tarr, Christian ; was born in Baltimore, Mary- 
land; was a Representative in Congress from Penn- 
sylvania from 1817 to 1819, and again from 1820 to 
1821. 

Tarsney, Timothy E.; was born at Ran.som, 
Hillsdale County, Michigan, February 4, 1849; was 
educated at the common schools; served seven years 
as a marine engineer, meantime reading law; entered 
the Law Department of Michigan University in 1870 
and graduated in the class of 1872; was admitted to 
the bar, and engaged in the practice of law at East 
Sagiuaw, Micliigau; was a Justice of the Peace in 
1873 and 1874; was City Attorney of East Saginaw 
from 1875 to 1878, when he resigned; served as 
ex-officio member of the Board of Supervisors during 
the same period; in 1884 was elected a Representative 
li-oiu ilichigan to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Tate, Magnus ; was a K'epresentative in Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1815 to 1817; i-esided in 
Berkeley County of that State. 

Tate, Thomas M. ; was born in Virginia; in 
1857 was appointeil, from that Stale. Sixtli .Vuditor 
of the Treasury, remaining in that positiim until 
IHGl. 

Tatnall, Ed-ward F. : was born in Savannah, 
Georgia; was a Represi-ntative in Congress I'rom 
Georgia from 1821 to 18'27. 

Tatnall, Josiah ; was Ixjni at Bonaventure, near 
Savannah; his V)oyhood was full of adventure, and at 



the age of eighteen he joined the army of General 
Wayne at Ebenezer; in 1793 was appointed Colonel 
of a Georgia Regiment, and in 1800 a Brigadier-Gen- 
eral, participating extensively in the military affairs 
of the State, and serving occasionally in the Legisla- 
ture; also served, in 1796, at Louisville, in the Gen- 
eral Assembly that rescinded the Yazoo Act of 1795; 
was a Senator in Congress from Georgia from 1796 to 
1799. Died in the West Indies in 1804. 

Tatum, Absalom ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from North Carolina during the years 1795 and 
1796. 

Taul, Micah; was a Representative in Congress 
from Kentucky from 1815 to 1817. 

Taulbee, William Preston ; was born in Mor- 
gan County, Kentucky, October 22, 1851; was edu- 
cated in private country schools; studied for the 
ministry from 1875 to 1878, and for the law from 
1S78 to 1881; was admitted to the bar in 1831; re- 
sided at Saylersville, Kentucky; in 1878 was elected 
Clerk of the County Court of Magoffin County, Ken- 
tucky; was re-elected in 1882; in 1884 was elected a 
Representative from Kentucky to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Taunehill, Adamson ; was born in Frederick 
County, Maryland, in 1752; served as Captain of a 
Rifle Company throughout the Revolutionary War; 
removed to Pennsylvania, and settled on a small 
farm adjoining Pittsburgh; was a .Justice of the 
Peace at the breaking out of the Whisky Insurrec- 
tion, and firmly opposed that outbreak; served as a 
Brigadier-General in the War of 1812; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1812 to 1815. Died at 
Grant's Hill in 1817. 

Tayler, John ; was bora in New York, July 4, 
1T42; became a merchant at Albany in 1773; super- 
intended the Commissar}' Department on the Expe- 
dition to Canada in 1775; was a member of the Pro- 
vincial Congress; was, for nearly forty years, a mem- 
ber of the Legislature of New York ; was Lieutenant- 
Governor of the State from 1.S13 to 18-22. Died ia 
Albany, March 19, 1829. 

Tayler, Robert Walker; was born in Harris- 
burg, Pennsyhania, November 9, 1812; removed 
with his parents to Ohio, in 1815, locating at Youngs- 
town, then Trumbull County; received an English 
education; studied law; fame to the bar in 1834; in 
1839 was elected Attorney for the County of Trum- 
bull, holding the office two years; in 1850 organ- 
ized the Bank of Mahoning; in 1851 was elected 
Mayor of Youngstown; was elected to the State Sen- 
ate in 1855 and 18.57; was Auditor of the State from 
1860 to 1863; in the latter year was appointed First 
Comptroller of the United States Treasury; served 
until his death, February 25, 1878. 

Taylor, Alexander W^ilson ; was born in In- 
diana County, Pennsylvania, March 22, 1815; was 
educated at Jefferson College, Pennsylvania; left col- 
lege in the spring of 1836, to become clerk iu theSur- 
veyor-General's office of Pennsylvania; studied law at 
Carlisle, and was admitted to the bar in 1841; in 1845 
was elected Proihonotary and Clerk of the Courtsof In- 
diana County, and re-elected in 1848; was a member 
of the Legislature in 18.59 and 1860; was elected to 
the Forty-third Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Railways and Canals. 

Taylor, Asher; was a Representativea-om Ne-w 
Yoiic to the Twenty-eighth Congress. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



49J 



Taylor, Bayard ; was born at Kennett Square, 
Chester L'onnty, Pennsylvania, January 11, 1825; at 
the age ol' seventeen became an apprentice in a 
printing office; in ly-14 and 1845 made a pedestrian 
lour through Europe, and in 184t) published a book 
containing the experiences of his journey ings; edited 
a newspaper atPhoenixville, Pennsylvania, forayear: 
then vfenl to New York City, and engaged in editor- 
ial work; in 1849 visited California, returning by 
. way of Mexico; in 1851 set out on a protracted tour 
I in the East, which occupied several years; in 181)2 
and 1863 was Secretary of the United States Lega- 
tion at St. I'etersburg, Russia, and part of the time 
acting Char(i>- d' Affaires; in 1^74 re-visited Egypt, 
and attended the millennial celebration in Ireland; 
wrote and published a great many books recounting 
the experiences of his travels; in 1878 was appointed 
United States Minister to Germany. Died at Berlin, 
Prussia, December 19, 1878. 

Taylor, Caleb N.; was born at Sunbury, Bucks 

County, Pennsylvania, in 1819; from early boyhood 

engaged in agricultural pursuits, aud was eminently 

successful ; although never taking an active part in 

politics, ser\ ed on many occasions as a Presidential 

Elector; was a Delegate to various local Conventions; 

was a Delegate to the " Chicago Convention " of 1860; 

. in ISOti was elected a Representative from I'ennsyl- 

j vania to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 

j mittees on Territories and Expenses in the Treasury 

» Department. 

Taylor, Ezra B.; was born at Nelson, Ohio, July 
9, 1823; received an academic education; studied 
law; commenced practice in 1845; was elected Prose- 
cuting Attorney in 1854; in 1861 removed to War- 
ren, Ohio; was Judge of the Court of Common Pleas 
for the Ninth Judicial District, from 1877 to 188l», 
when he resigned; was elected a Representative from 
I Ohio to tlie Forty sixth Congress, to fill the vacancy 
f caused by the resignation of James A. Garfield; was 
I re-elected to the Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and 

Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Taylor, George ; was born in Ireland in 171G; 
left his father's house clandestinely and came to 
Philadelphia, where, as a day laborer, he obtained 
the money to pay his pa.ssage across the Atlantic: 
soon became a clerk with the man who had advanced 
him the money, and in after years married the widow 
of his benefactor; in 1764 was elected to the Provin- 
cial Assembly at Philadelphia, serving six years; was 
again elected to the Assembly in 1775; was a Dele- 
gate to the Continental Congress in 177G and 1777, 
and was a signer of the Declaration of Independence; 
passed the remainder of his life in retirement. Died 
at Easton, Pennsylvania, February 23, 1781. 

Taylor, George; was born at ^Yheeling, Vir- 
ginia, (.)rtol)er 19, 18:2(1; after receiving a liberal edu- 
c:ition, turned his attention to the study of medicine, 
but subsecjuently adopted the profession of the law; 
was admitted to the bar in 1840, and removed to In- 
diana, where he was successful as a special pleader; 
in 1844 removed to .\labama, and there practiced his 
profession for four years, after which he removed to 
New York; in 1856 was elected a K'<'presentative to 
the Thirty-fifth Congress, aud was a nuMnber of the 
Committees on Revolutionary Cliiinis and on the 
Cost of Public Buildings; as an author, writing upon 
topics connected with the natural sciences, ho w:is 
successful; a work published in 1851, and entitled 
"Indications of the Creator," has pas-sed through 
fi)ur editions, and been highly applauded by the critics 
of England and France; also wrote much in behalf of 
popular education, and his collected addresses and 
lectures make quite a large aud interest ing volume. 



Taylor, George K.; in 1801 was appointed, by 
Tresident Adams, United States .Judge of the Circuit 
(^ourt for the Fourth Circuit. 

Taylor, Isaac H.; was born near New Harris- 
burgh, Carroll County, Ohio, April 18, 1840; received 
a common school aud academic education; from the 
:ige of seventeen to that of twenty-five was engaged 
in farming during the summer, and teaching school 
during the winter; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1868; engaged in the practice of the law 
at CarroUton, Ohio, in his native county; was Clerk 
of the Courts of Carroll County from 1870 to 1877, 
when he resumed the practice of liis profession ; in 
1S84 was elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

Taylor, Jolin; was born in Orange County, Vir- 
ginia; was distinguished for his attention to agri- 
culture, and published a work entitled "Constructor 
Construed; an Inquiry into the Principles and Policy 
of the Government of the United States"; was a 
Senator of the United States from Virginia, from 
1792 to 1794, but was superseded by A. 15. Venablej 
was also a Senator in 18U3, and from 1822 to 1824. 
Died in Caroline County, Virginia, Augu ;t 20, 1824, 
at an advanced age. 

Taylor, John ; was born in South Carolina in 
1770; graduated at Princeton College in 1790; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1793. but turned 
his attention chiefly to planting; served in the State 
Legislature a number of years; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1797; was a Representative in Congress 
from South Carolina from 1807 to 1809, and also Irom 
1817 to 1821 ; was a Senator in Congress from 1810 to 
1816; was a Trustee of the South Carolina College 
in 1806; a State Senator in 1810 and 1822; was 
Governor of the State from 1826 to 182-i. Died in 
18o2. He was also, at one time, Receiver of Public 
.Moneys in Mississippi Territory. 

Taylor, John J.; was born in Massachusetts^ 
settled in New York; was elected a Representative 
in Congress from that State from 1853 to 1855. 

Taylor, John L.; was born in Stafford County, 
Virginia, M.uch 7, 1805; was educated in the com- 
mon schools and seminaries of the neighborhood; 
studied law in Washington City, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1828: settled in Chillicothe, Ohio, in 
1829; wa.s, for si.x years, Major-General of the Ohio 
Militia; was a Representative in Congress from Ohio, 
from 1847 to 1855, serving from time to time on im- 
portant Committees; in 1870 was appointed a Clerk 
in the Interior Department. Died suddenly in his 
office, September 6, 1870. 

Taylor, John M.; was born at Lexington, Ten- 
nessee, .May Is, 1638; received an academic educa- 
tion, and attended Union University, Tennessee, for 
two years; studied law; graduated at the Law De- 
p:irtment of Cumberland University, Tennessee, in 
1860, and commenced the practice of law at Lexing- 
ton, Tennessee; entered the Confederate Army in 
1861; was elected Lieutenant; was subsequently 
promoted to the rank of Major; was severely wounded 
:it the battle of I'errysville, and was placed on post 
duty thereafter; was, for a time, in command at 
Gadsden, Alabama; in 1869 was elected M:iyor of 
Lexington, Tennessee; was a Delegate to the State 
Constitutional Convention of 1870; was Attorney- 
General of the Eleventh Judicial Circuit from 18'0 
to 1878; was a Delegate to the National Democrat:'© 
Convention of 1880; was a member of the Sla:e 
House of Representatives in the called sessions ot 
1881 aud 1^82; was elected a Representative from 



492 



B 



lOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Tennessee to the Forty-eigMh Congress; was re- 
elected to tlic Forty-ninth Congress. 

Tavlor John W.; was born in Saratoga County, 
New Ck.'fn 1784; .;aduated at Union CoUege^n 
1803; studied law in Albany; was ^'^f' «'W^',^^ 
State Legislature inlSll, and while in tl"'**/ "^ 
tas decided to Congress, where he served ^om 18^ 
to 1833- was Speaker of the House for the secoutt 
Session of the Si'xteenth Congress during the passage 
ofthe Missouri Compromise, and ^f.f"fP^ff„' 
of the Nineteenth Congress; was a State Senator ni 
1841 and 1842; removed to Cleveland, Ohio, m 1843, 
where he died in September, 1854. 

Taylor, Jonathan; was a native of Connecti- 
cut; removed to Ohio; was ejected a Representative 
in Congress from that State from 1839 to 1841. 

Tavlor, Joseph D.; was born in Belmont County, 
Ohio, November 7, 1830; was educated at the com- 
mon schools and at Madison College; taught schoo, 
studied law; was admitted to the bar in 18o9; grad- 
uated at the Cmcinnati Law College in 186(.>, served 
in the Union Army as a commissioned ofhcer duni R 
the War of the Rebellion; was twice elected Prose- 
cuting Attorney; was President of the City School 
Board for seven years; was a Delegate to the Loy- 
alist Convention" of 1866; was President of several 
corporations; was a Delegate to the Republican Na- 
tional Convention of 1880; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Ohio to the Forty-seventh Congress to fall 
the vacancy caused by the death of J. T. Updegrafif; 
was re-elected to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Taylor Miles; was born in New York; removed 
to Louisiana; was elected a Representative from .«ia* 
State to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-tiftli, and Thirty- 
sixth Congresses, and was a member of tlie Committee 
on Claims, and on the Judiciary, and a member of 
the Special Committee of Thirty -three on the Rebel- 
lious States; withdrew in February, 1861. Declined, 
by letter, to give the author any information. 



Taylor, Nathaniel G., was born in Carter 

County, Tennessee, December 29, 1819; studied at 
Washington College, in that State, but graduated at 
Princeton College in 1840; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1843; was a Representative in 
Congress from Tennessee from 18.54 to 1855, as the 
siccessorof Brookins Campbell; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1853 and 1860; was for several years a 
Minister in the Methodist Episcopal Church South; 
in 1865 was elected a Representative from Tennessee 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, but was nut admitted 
to his seat until near the end of the tirst session of 
that Congress, serving on two or three Committees; 
in March, 1867, was appointed, by President John- 
son, Commissioner of I ndian Alhiirs. 

Taylor, Nelson ; was born in Sciuth Norwalk. 
Connecticut, June 8. 1821; received a cummon school 
education, and ad.iiiti-d the profession of the law; as 
Captain in the First Regiment of New York Volun- 
teers, served througli the Mexican War; in 1849 was 
elected to the State Senate of California; was Presi- 
dent ofthe Board of Trustees of the California Hos- 
pital (which subsequently became the State Insane 
Asylum) from 1850 to 18.56; was SherilVof San .Toa- 
qnin County, California, in 1853; in 1861 was mus- 
tered into military service as Colonel of the Seventy- 
second Regiment of New York Volunteers; was pro- 
moted to the rank of Brigadier-General in 1862; in 
1 ^64 was elected a Representative from New York to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Select ( 'om- 
mitteeon Freedmen, and that on' Invalid Pensions. 



Tavlor Robert; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from' Virginia, his native State, from 182d to 
1827. 

Tavlor Robert L.; was born at Happy Valley, 
Tennessee, Julv 31, 1850; was educated at Penning- 
ton, New Jersey, and the East Tennessee A\esleyan 
University; studied law; was licensed to practice in 
1878; was elected a Representative from Tennessee 
to the Forty -sixth Congress. 

Taylor "Walter ; was a man of high literary at- 
tainments;' was a Judge of the Territory of Indiana 
in 180 -was Aide-de-camp to General Harrison at 
the battle of Tippecanoe; was United States Senator 
from Indiana from 1816 to 1825. Died in Virginia, 
August 26, 1826. 

Taylor, 'Williain ; was born in Connecticut in 

1793- removed, with his parents, to Onondaga Coun- 
ty New York, when quite young; received a com- 
mon school education; in 1812 was a member of a 
Medical Society; at one time was President of the 
New York Me'dical Society; was a practicing Phy- 
sician for fiftv years; was, for many years. President 
of the Board"of Supervisors of the State; was a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature in 1841, 1842, 1852 and 
1853. in the two latter years representing New York 
City- was a Representative in Congress from New 
York from 1833 to 1839. Died at Manlius, Onondaga 
County, September 6, 1865. 

Taylor, "William; was bom in "Virginia; was a 
Kepresentative in Congress from that State from 
1333 to 1835. 

Taylor, "William; was born at Alexandria, Dis- 
trict of Columbia; adopted the profession ofthe law, 
which he practiced in Rockingham County, Virginia; 
was elected a Representative in Congress from Vir- 
ginia, and served from 1843 to 1846. Died before the 
expiration of his second term, in Washington City, 
.lannary 17, 1846. 



Taylor, "William R.; was born in Connecticut 
in 1820; removed to Ohio, and operated a grist-mill; 
removed to Wisconsin in 1848, and turned his atten- 
tion to farming; held various County offices; was 
elected to the State Legislature, both House and 
Senate; in 1873 was elected Governor of Wis- 
consin,' and re-nominated for the same position in 
1875. 

Taylor, Zachary ; was born in Orange County, 
Virginia, September 24, 1784; went, with his father, 
Richard Taylor, who was a Colonel in the War of the 
Revolution, to Kentucky, in 1785; received a limited 
education; in 1808 was appointed, by President Jet- 
ferson, a Lieutenant of Infantry; served in the War 
of 1812 as a Captain, and was brevetted a Major for 
gallant services; from 1815 to 1836 had command of 
various military posts in the Western Country; m 
1819 was made a Lieutenant-Colonel; in 1832 a 
Colonel; served with distinction in the Black Havvk 
War. and also in the war against the Seminoles in 
Florida; in 1841 settled his family at Baton Roug^ 
in Louisiana; was made a General, and had command 
of the American army during the Mexican War; after 
gaining a number of battles, won the great and deci- 
sive battle of Buena Vista; in 1848 was elected Presi- 
dent ofthe United States; was inaugurated in March, 
1849. Died in Washington, July 9, 1850. He left a 
son who was a General in the Confederate army dur- 
ing the Civil War, and one of his daughters became 
the wife of .Tefferson Dav s. 







'y,cc^c>/C!:?i><r^/y^:;(^^ 



I 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



493 



Taylor, Zachary ; was born in Haywood Coun- 
ty, Tennessee, May i», 1819; received such early edu- 
cation as the common schools of tlie country aflbrded; 
entered the Virginia Military Institute in December. 
18iJ8, and graduated as Senior Captain July 4, 1872: 
entered the Law Scliool of Cumberland University, 
at Lebanon, Tennessee, in January, 1873, and gradu- 
ated in January, 1874; entered upon the practice ot 
law at tJovington, Tennessee, in 1878; in 1680 was 
elected a Senator in the Forty-second General Assem- 
bly of Tennessee; was Postmaster at Covington, Ten- 
nessee, from July 1, 1883, to January 1, 1885, when 
he resigned, having been elected, in November, 1884, 
a Representative from Tennessee to the Forty-nintli 
Congress. 

Taze'well, Henry ; was born in Brtmswiok 
County, Virginia, in 17.53; lost his fatlier in early 
life; attended William and Mary College; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar; in 1775 was a 
member of the House of Burgesses, and, in the Con- 
vention of 1776, was on the Committee which re- 
ported the Declaration of Rights and the Constitu- 
tion; was a member of the House of Delegates for 
many years; was elected Judge in 1785, and of thi' 
first Court of Appeals in 1793: from 1794 to 1799 was 
United States Senator from Virginia, and President 
pro tcm. in 1795; took a leading part in tlie discus- 
sions on the Bntish Treaty, in that body; a.s a State 
politician, approved the abolition of primogeniture 
and entails, and the separation of the Cliurch from 
the State. Died at Philadelphia, January 24, 1799. 

Tazewell, Littleton W.; was born at Williams- 
burg, Virginia, in 1771; was educated at William and 
Mary College; studied law, and attained great suc- 
cess in his profession; was a member of the Virginia 
Legislature in 1798; was a Representative in Congress 
from Virginia from 1799 to 1801; was a Senator in 
Congress from 1824 to 1832; was Governor of Virginia 
from 1834 to 1836; in the Senate, was Chairman ol 
the Committee on Foreign Relations, and President 
pro tern, of the Senate during a part of the Twenty- 
second Congress; in 1820 was one of the Commis- 
sioners under the Florida Treaty, and his last great 
eflbrt as a lawyer was made in the Supreme Court ol 
the United States in what was known as the "Cochi- 
neal Case." Died at Norfolk, Virginia, May 6, 1860. 

Teese, Frederick H.; was born at Newark, 
New Jersey, October 21, 1823; was educated at 
Princeton College, and graduated there in 1843; was 
admitted to the bar in 1846, and practiced law in 
Newark; in 18C0 was a member of the New Jersey 
General Assembly; was re-elected in 1861, and made 
Speaker; was appointed Presiding Judge of the Es- 
sex Court of Common Pleas in 18;i 1; was re-appoint- 
ed in 1869; was elected a Representative from New 
Jersey to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Telfair, Edward; was born in Scotland in 1735; 
educated at Kirkcudbright GrammarSchool; removed 
to America at the age of twenty-three, and resided 
for some time in Virginia as Agent of a mercantile 
house; afterwards removed to Halifax, North Caro- 
lina, and thence to Savannah in 1766, where he was 
a merchant; was an active promoter of the Revolu- 
tion; served on many of the imporbint Committees 
of the time, and was one of the party who broke open 
the magazine at Savannah and removed the powd(tr; 
was a Delegate to the old Congress in 1778, and from 
1780 to 1783; in the latter year was one of the Com- 
missioners to make a Treaty with the Cherokees. 

Telfair, Thomas ; was a graduate of Princeton 
College in 1805; was a Representative in Congress 



from Georgia from 1813 to 1817. 
Georgia, in April, 1818. 



Died at Savannah, 



Teller, Henry M. ; was born in Allegany Coun- 
ty, New York, May 23, 1830; was well educated; 
studied law; was aiiraitted to the bar, and entered 
upon the practice of law as a profession ; removed to 
Illiuois in lSo8, and to Colorado in 1861; settled at 
Central City, Colorado, in the practice of his profes- 
sion; never held any public office until electeda United 
States Senator from Colorado for the short term, on 
the admission of that State into the Union, in 1876; 
was re-elected for the full term, from March 4, 1877; 
resigned in 1882 to accept the position of Secretary of 
the Interior in the Cabinet of President Arthur, 
which office he held until March 3, 18S5; on the day 
I'ollowing, took his seat in the United States Senate 
as a Senator from Colorado for a full term of six 
years, to which he had previously been elected. 

Teller, Isaac ; was born in New York in 1798; 
was elected a Representative from that State to the 
Thirty-third Congress, lor the une.\pired term of Gil- 
bert Dean, resigned. Died at Mattcawan, New Jer- 
sey, April 3U, 1868. He was riding in a wagon at the 
time, and died while holding the reins. He retained 
his sitting posture, and the horse which he was driv- 
ing continued quietly on his way for over an hour, 
as it was supposed, after death had ensued, when his 
condition was observed, and the horse was stopped. 

Temple, "William ; was born in Queen Anne 
County, Maryland, February 28, 1815; received a 
good academic education, and adopted the occupa- 
tion of a merchant in Smyrna, Delaware; in 1844 
was elected to the State Legislature, and was Speaker 
of the House; the Governor of the State and Presi- 
dent of the Senate having died, he became Acting 
Governor for the remainder of the term; during the 
next ten years was a member of the State Senate, 
and declined a re-election in 1851; was elected a 
Representative from Delaware to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress. Died at Smyrna, Delaware, in the sum- 
mer of 1863, before taking his seat. 

Ten Eyck, Anthony ; was a citizen of Michi- 
gan; was, at one time, connected with the press of 
that State; in 1845 was ajipointed a Commissioner, 
with diplomatic powers, to the Sandwich Islands, re- 
maining there until 1849. 

Ten Eyck, Egbert ; was born in Rensselaer 
County. New York. April 18, 1779; graduated at 
Williams College; studied law in Albany; was a 
member of the Assembly in 1812 and 1813, and 
Speaker; was a member of the "Constitutional Con- 
vention" of 1822; was a Representative in Congress 
from New York from 1823 to 1825; also held the 
offices of Judge of the Jeflerson County Court, and 
President of a County Agricultural Society. Died at 
Watertown, New York, April 11, 1844. 

Ten Eyck, John C; was born at Freehold, New 
.Jersey, March 12, 1814; obtained a classical educa- 
tion under privatejtutora; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1835; in 1839 was appointed 
Prosecutor of the Pleas for Burlington County, hold- 
ing the position for ten years; was a member of the 
New Jersey "Constitutional Convention" of 1844; 
was elected a Senator in Congress for the term com- 
mencing in 1859 and ending in 1865, serving on the 
Committees on Commerce, and the Judiciary; was a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1866 



404 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Tenney, Samuel ; was born in Byefielct Parish, 
Newburj', Massachusetts; received a collegiate edu- 
cation at Harvard University, graduating in 1772; 
commenced the study of medicine; when the Revo- 
lutionary War began was found among the asserters 
of his country's rights, and was present at the Battle 
of Bunker's Hill, where he was employed in attend- 
ing upon the wounded ; was attaclied to the Rhode 
Island line of the Provincial Army, and served dur- 
ing tlic whole war; at the close of the war retired 
from his profession and settled in Exeter, New Hamp- 
shire; for many years was Judge of Probate; in 18U0 
■was elected a Representative from that State in the 
Congress of the United States, in the place of W. 
Gordon, resigned, serving until 1807. His death, 
which occurred in 181(>, was universally regretted. 
An ardent lover of his country, a faithful expounder 
of her laws and institutions, and an accomplished 
scholar, his memory is still fondly cherished by many 
■who knew him. 

Terrill, ■William ; was frequently a member of 
the Geoi-gia Legislature; was a Representative in 
Congress from Georgia from 1817 to 1821; becoming 
tired of ])olitics, he took a great interest in the pro- 
motion of agricultural science, and in 18.53 made a 
donation of twenty thousand dollars for the estab- 
lishment of an agricultural professorship in the Uni- 
versity of Georgia, which professorship bears his 
name; was one of the most accomplished and useful 
citizens of his State. Died at Sparta, Georgia, .lulv 
4, 1855. 

Terry, Nathaniel ; was born at Enfield, Con- 
necticut, in 1768; graduated at Yale College in 178G; 
resided in Hartford, Connecticut, and hel 1 various 
offices in his native Slate; from 1817 to 1819 was a 
Representative in Congress. Died in New Haven, 
June 14, 1844. 

Terry, "William ; was born in Amherst County, 
Virginia, August 14, 1824; graduated at the Univers- 
ity of Virginia; taught school and read law at the 
same time; came to the bar in 1851, and settled in 
Wythevilje; there edited a small newspaper and 
taught school; served in the Confederate Army, and 
became a General; was elected a Representative to 
the Forty-second Cocgress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Military AlTuirs; in 1874 was elected to the 
Forty-fourth Congress. 

Test, John ; was a native of Salem, New Jersey ; 
emigrated to Indiana; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1823 to 1837, and from 
1829 to IMIil ; was presiding Judge of one of the Cir- 
cuit f'ouits of Indiana; afterwards removed to 
Mobile, Alabama, where he gained a high reputation 
for his learning and talents as a lawyer; Died near 
Cambridge City, Indiana, October 9, 1849. 

Thacher, George; was born in Yarmouth, 
Massachusetts, A|>ril 12, 1754; graduated at Har- 
vard College in 177(;; studied law, and established 
himself in practice in liiddeford, Maine; was a Dele- 
gate to the old Congress; on the adoption of the Con- 
stitution, served as a Representative in Congress 
from Massachusetts from 1789 to 1801; in 1792 was 
elected a District Judge in Slaine, serving until 1800, 
when he was chosen a Judiie of the Sujvreme Court 
in Massachusetts; held the latter ollice until .lami- 
ary, 1824, when he resigned; was a member of the 
Convention which framed the Constitution of Maine 
in 1819; was a man of superior abilities, and per- 
formed all his duties to the entire satisfaction of the 
public; W.1S famous for his wit, and when a bill was 
reported in Congress respecting the use of the eagle 



on American coin, playfully recommended a goose, 
for which he was challenged by the member who re- 
ported the bill, William Blount, and the challenge 
he ridiculed. Died April 6, 1824. 

Thacher, J. M.; was born in Vermont; gradu- 
ated at the University of that State; adopted the 
profession of the law; was, for a time, connected with 
the bar of Virginia; served as a volunteer ofticer 
during the war of the Union; in 1864 was appointed 
an Assistant Examiner in the Patent Office; rose by 
regular promotion, to the rank of Commissioner, to 
which lie was appointed in 1874; in August, 1875, 
resigned his office to resume the practice of his pro- 
fession, locating in the city of Chicago. 

Thacher, Samuel ; was born in Cambridge, 
Massachusetts, July 1, 1776; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1793; adopted the profession of the 
law; was a Representative in Congress from Jlassa- 
ohusetts from 1802 to 1805; served eleven years in 
the Massachusetts Legi.slature; was Sheriff of Lin- 
coln County from 1814 to 1821; in 18G6 was a resi- 
dent of Bangor, Maine. Died in Bangor, July 19, 
1872. 

Thayer, Eli; was bom at Mendon, Worcester 
County, Massachusetts, June 11, 1819; graduated at 
Brown University in 1845; was a teacher in Worces- 
ter Academy for three years; was a farmer by occu- 
pation ; served as Alderman of the city of Worcester 
in 1853; was a Representative in the Massachusetts 
Legislature during the years 1853 and 1854; was 
elected a Representative to the Thirty-fifth Congress 
from that State, serving as a member of the Commit- 
tee on Militia; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Public Lands; was the founder of the New England 
Emigrant Aid Society; was identified with other so- 
cieties of a benevolent character. 

Thayer, John M.; was born in Bellingham, 

Norfolk County, Massachusetts, .lanuary 24, 1820; 
graduated at Brown University; studied law, and 
practiced the profession ; removed to the Territory ol 
Nebraska in 1854, where he soon became Brigadier- 
General of Militia; was a member of the " Territorial 
Constitutional Convention"; was subsccjuently 
elected to the Territorial Legislature; commanded a 
regiment of infantry during the Rebellion, and, for 
meritorious services at Fort Donelson and Shiloh. 
was promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General ol 
Volunteers; also served with distinction at Vicks- 
burg and Chickasaw Bayou, and for these services 
was promoted to the rank of Major-General of Volun- 
teers; on the admission of Nebraska into the Union 
as a State, took his seat in Congress as a Senator for 
the term ending in 1871, serving on the Committees 
on Military Attairs, Indian Affairs, r,nd Patents; was 
a Delegate to the Chicago Convention of 1808; in 
1875 was appointed Governor of Wyoming. 

Thayer. M. Russell ; was born in Petersburg, 
Virginia, I January 27, 1819; graduated at the Uni- 
versity of Pennsylvania in 1840; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1842; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Private Land Claims; received from his Alma Mater 
the two degrees of Bachelor and Master of Arts; was 
re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on the Bankrupt Law, and as Chair- 
man of that on Private Land Claims; after leaving 
Congress, in 1859, became District Judge for Phila- 
delphia, and published various papers connected 
with literature, law, and politics. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



49S 



Thayer, "William S.; was born in Hiuerliill. 
Massachusetts, in 1830; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1850; two years later became associated 
\vitli tlie New York Eveinng Post as correspondent and 
assistant editor, in which capacity he acquitted him- 
self with marlied ability; in 1861 was appointed 
Consul General to Kgypt, where he died April 10, 
1864. 

Thayer, W. W.; was born at Lima, New York, 
July 15, 1827; was reared on a farm; received a com- 
mon sc)iool education; studied law; was admitted to 
the bar in 1851 and commenced practice at Tona- 
■wanda. New York; afterwards followed his profession 
in Butfalo, New York; in 1862 removed to Benton 
County, Oregon; in 1863 went to Lewiston, Idaho; 
was a Representative in the Territorial Legislature in 
18G6; in that year was elected District Attorney; i-e- 
signed in 1867 and removed to Portland, Oregon; in 
1878 was elected Governor of Oregon, and served four 
years. 

Theaker, Thomas C; was born in York County, 
PcLusylvania, February 1, 1812: received a good En- 
glish education; removed to Ohio in 1830; devoted 
the most of his time to the occupation of a millwright 
and machinist; was elected a Representative from 
Ohio to the Thirty -sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Militia, and Enrolled Bills; was subse- 
quently appointed one of a Board of Commissioners 
to examine into the affairs of the Patent Office; in 
1865 was appointed, by President Johnson, Commis- 
sioner of Patents. Died July 16, 1883. 

Thibodeavix, B. G-.; was born in Louisiana; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1845 to 1847, and for a second term ending in 1849. 
Died in the Parish of Terrebonne, Louisiana, in 
March, 1866. 

Thibodeaux, H. S. : was acting Governor of 
Louisiana from 1822 to 1824. 

Thomas, Arthur L.; was born at Chicago, Illi- 
nois, August 22, 1851 ; was educated in the common 
schools of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; in 1879 was ap- 
pointed Secretary of the Territory of Utah, residing 
at Salt Lake City; in 1880 was appointed United 
States Supervisor of the Census for the District of 
Utah, in addition to his other duties; was acting 
Governor of the Territory during the legislative ses- 
sion of 1879-80, during a part of the session of 1881-82, 
for three months in 1881, and again in 1883; in the 
latter year was re-appointed Secretary, for a second 
term. 

Thomas, Benjamin S.; was born at Boston, 
Massachusetts, February 12, 1813; removed to 
Worcester in 1819; graduated at Brown University 
in 1830; studied law, ;uid was admitted to practice 
in 1833; was a member of the Massachusetts Legisla- 
ture in 1842; was appointed Judge of Probate for the 
County of Worcester in 1844, resigning the office in 
1848; was a Presidential Elector on the Taj'lor ticket 
in that year; in 1853 was appointed to the Bench of 
the Supremo Court of Massachusetts, holding the 
office six years, when he resigned; subsequently re- 
turned to Boston to practice his profession, residing 
in West Roxbury; in 1861 was elected a Represent- 
ative from Massachusetts to the Thirty seventh Con- 
gress, serving as a member of the Committee on the 
Judiciary, and the Special Committee on the Bank- 
rupt Law. 

Thomas, Charles R.; was bom in Carteret 
County, North Carolina, February 7, 1827; graduated 



al the University of North Carolina in 1849; studied 
and practiced law; was elected one of the Judges of 
the Superior Court in 1868; wa-s elected to the Forty- 
second and Forty-third Congresses, serving on the 
Committee on Elections. 

Thomas, Christopher Y.; was born in Pitt- 
sylvania, Virginia, March 24, 1818; attended a 
private academy; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1844; in 1859 was elected to tlie State 
Senate for four years; in 1867 was elected a member 
of the Constitutional Convention of Virginia; in 1869 
was again elected to the Legislature; was elected a 
Representative from Virginia to the Forty-third 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Invalid Pen- 
sions. 

Thomas, David ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1801 to 1808; served four 
j'cars in the Assembly of that State; also held the 
position of State Treasurer. 

Thomas, D. B.; after the close of the Rebellion, 
in 1865, was elected a K'epresentative from Tennessee 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, but was not declared 
entitled to his seat until near the end of the first 
session of that Congress. 

Thomas, Ed-ward 'A..; was born in New York, 
from which State he was, in 1873, appointed an As- 
sociate .Justice of the Supreme Court for the Territory 
of Wyoming, residing at Laramie City. 

Thomas, Francis ; was born in Frederick Coun- 
ty, Maryland, February 3, 1799; was educated at St. 
John's C^illege, in that State; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1820; was a member of the 
House of Delegates in 1822, 1827, and 1829, when he 
was chosen Speaker; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Maryland from 1831 to 1841; in 1839 was 
President of the C'hesapeake and Ohio Canal; was a 
member of the Maryland "Constitutional Conven- 
tion" in 1850; was the author of the measure which 
resulted in the transfer of political power from the 
slave-holding counties in Maryland to those portions 
where the white population was generally located; 
during one term in Congress was Chairman oi' the 
Judiciary Committee, and a report made by bim led 
to the settlement of the boundary difficulties betwee.i 
Ohio and Michigan; from 1841 to 1844 was Onvenior 
of Maryland; was, for the sixth time, electi-il a Re])- 
resentative to the Thirty-seventh Congress; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on tlie 
Judiciary Committee; was also re-eiected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Committees on 
the Death of President Lincoln, the .Indiciary, the 
Bankrupt Law, and the Postal Railroad to New 
York; was one of the first men in Maryland to warn 
the people of the approaching Rebellion, and, alter 
hostilities had commenced, raised a briga<le of three 
thousand Volunteers, but declined all appointments 
connected with the organization; was a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866; 
was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress; in 1872 was 
appointed United States Minister to Peru; w.is killed 
by accident on a railroad at Frankville, Garrett Coun- 
ty, Maryland, January 22, 1876. 

Thomas, Isaac; was a Representative in Con 
gre.ss from Tennessee, from 1815 to 1817. 

Thomas, James ; was Governor of Maryland 
from 1833 to 1836; was a man of great worth, and 
held many public trusts. Died in St. Mary's County, 
Maryland, December 25, 1845; aged sixty-one years 



496 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Thomas, Jaines Houston; was born in Ire- 
dell County, North Carolina, September 23, 18118; 
received the degree of A.B. from Columbia College, 
Tennessee, in 18:!0; studied and adopted the profes- 
sion of the law; in 1836 was elected Attorney-Gen- 
eral for the Stat«, liolding the office six years; was, 
for many years, tlie law partner of James K. Polk; 
was a Representative in Congress from Tennessee, 
from 1847 to 1851; was a Presidential Elector in 
1846; in 1859 was elected a Representative trom 
Tennessee to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Revolutionary Pensions. 

Thomas, Jesse B.; was a Delegate to Congress 
from the Territory of Indiana from 1808 to 1809; in 
the latter year was appointed United States Judge of 
Illinois Territory; was one of the first Senators in 
Congress from Illinois, holding the position from 
1818 to 1829, serving on important Committees. 
Died in February, 1850. 

Thomas, John A.; was bom in New York; be- 
came a resident of Washington City; in 1855 was 
appointed Assistant Secretary of State. Died in 
Washington. 

. Thomas, John C; was a Representative in 
Congress from Maryland, from 1799 to 1801. 

Thomas, John L., Jr.; was born at Baltimore, 
Maryland, May 20, 1835; received his education :it 
the Alleghany County Academy; studied law, and 
came to the bar in 1856; in 18H1 was appointed So- 
licitor of the City of Baltimore, holding the office 
two years; in 1863 was elected State Attorney for 
Maryland; in 1864 was a Delegate to the "State 
Constitutional Convention "; in 1865 was elected a 
Representative from Maryland to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the resigna- 
tion of E. H. Webster, serving on the Committees on 
Commerce, Revolutionary Claims, and Retrenchment; 
was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' 
Convention" of 1866. 

Thomas, John R.; was born at Mount Vernon, 
Illinois, October 11, 1846; received a common school 
education; served in the Union Army during the 
war of the Rebellion, rising from the ranks to a Cap- 
taincy; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1869; was State's Attorney from l.-'72 to 1876; was 
elected a Representative from Illinois to the Forty- 
sixth and Forty -seventh Congresses; was re-elected 
to the Forty-eighth and Forty -ninth Congresses. 

Thomas, Lorenzo ; was born in Newcastle, 
Delaware, October '2(1, 1804; graduated at the West 
Point Academy, in 1823, as a Second Lieutenant of 
the Fourth Infantry, and served as such in Florida 
among the Creek Indians, and in Washington; was 
commissioned a Captain in 18:i6; in 1838 was ap- 
pointed Assistant Adjutant-General with the brevet 
rank of Major; was Chief of Staff in the Florida war 
in 1839; was brevetted Lieutenant-Colonel in 1846, 
lor " gallant and meritorious conduct" at Monterey, 
in Mexico; in 1848 was made Assistant Adjutant- 
General, with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, and 
assigned to duty in Washington; from 1848 to 1861 
was Chief of Staff under General Scott, command- 
ing the army of New York City; in 1861 was ap- 
pointed Adjutant-General of the army, with the 
brevet of Colonel, and was in the same year brevetted 
a Brigadier-General; in 1863 was assigned to the 
special duty of organizing colored troops in the 
southwest, and subsequently performed a number 
of inspection tours connected with the Provost- 
Maiahals, and with the national cemeteries of 



the United States; on February 22, 1868, received, 
from President Johnson, the appointment of Secre- 
tary of War ad interim, but Secretary Stanton refused 
to vacate the office, and the conflict of authority thus 
occurring, continued until May 26, when Mr. Stan- 
ton retired from the War Department; it was the ap- 
pointment of General Thomas as Secretary of War, 
ad interim, by President Johnson, upon which the 
Articles of Impeachment, presented by the House of 
Representatives, were grounded, and of the leading 
charges in which, after due trial, the President was 
acquitted. Died in Washington, March 2, 1875. 

Thomas, Ormsby B.; was born at Sandgate, 
Bennington County, Vermont, August 21, 1832; re- 
moved, with his parents, to Wisconsin in 1836; re- 
ceived a common school education; studied law, and 
graduated at the National Law School, at Pough- 
keepsie, New York; was admitted to the bar at Al- 
bany, New York, in 1856; entered upon the practice 
of law at Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin; was District 
Attorney of Crawford County, Wisconsin, several 
terms ; was a Representative in the Wisconsin Legis- 
lature in 1862. 1865, and 1867; was a member of the 
Wisconsin State Senate in 1880 and 1881 ; was a Pres- 
idential Elector in 1872; served as Captain of Com- 
pany D, Thirty-first Regiment Wisconsin Volunteer 
Infantry in the Union Army; in 1884 was elected a 
Representative from Wisconsin to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Thomas, Philemon ; was a native of North Caro- 
lina, where, during the Revolutionary War, he was 
engaged in many skirmishes with the British; resided 
some years in Kentucky; was a member of the Leg- 
islature of that State; afterwards removed to Louis- 
iana; in 1810 and 1811, headed the insurrection of 
Baton Rouge, which threw off the yoke of Spain from 
West Florida; was a Representative in Congress 
from Louisiana, from 1831 to 1835. Died at Baton 
Kmige, Louisiana, November 18, 1847, aged eighty- 
three years. 

Thomas, Philip Francis ; was born in Talbot 
County, Maryland, September 12, 1810; was educated 
at Dickinson College; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1831; in 1836 was a member of the 
"State Constitutional Convention"; in 1838 was 
elected to the State Legislature; was a Representative 
in Congress from 1839 to 1841; was subsequently 
.Judge of the Land (^)ffice Court of the Eastern Shore 
of Maryland; in 1843 and 1845 was elected to the 
House of Delegates; in 1847 was elected Governor of 
Maryland; in the early part of 1860 was appointed, 
by President Buchanan, Commissioner of the Patent 
Office; on the resignation of Howell Cobb, as Secre- 
tary of the Treasury, in December, 1860, was ap- 
pointed Secretary of the Treasury, in Mr. Buchan- 
an's Cabinet; in March, 1867, was elected a Senator 
in Congress, for the term ending in 1873, but was re- 
jected; was subsequently elected a Representative to 
the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Thomas, Richard ; was a soldier in the Revo- 
lutionary War; was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania from 1795 to 18111. Died in Phil- 
adelphia in 1832, aged eighty-seven years. 

Thomasson, 'William P.; was born in Henry 
County, Kentucky ; commenced the study of law at 
an early age, and when eighteen was licensed to 
practice at Corydon, Indiana, from which place he 
was elected to the Legislature; removed to Louis- 
ville, Kentucky, about the year 1841; was chosen » 
Representative in Congress from Kentucky from 1843 
to 1847; afterwards went to Chicago, Illinois, where 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



497 



he was engaged in tlie practice of his profession until 
the breaking out of the Rebellion, when he served in 
the Union Army as a Colonel of Volunteers. 

Thompson, Albert Clifton ; was born at 
Brookville, Jefferson County, Penusj'lvania, January 
23, 1842; was educated at JelTerson College, Can- 
nonsburg, Pennsylvania; studied law, and w;us ad- 
mitted to practice; served in the Union Army, rising 
from the rank of Sergeant to that of Captain; was 
wounded at the battle of Fair Oaks, and again at the 
second battle of Bull Kun; removed to Portsmouth, 
Ohio, in 1805; was Probate Judge of Scioto County 
from 18U9 to 1872; in 1882 was elected Judge of the 
Common Pleas for the Second Subdivision of 
the Seventh Judicial District of Ohio, and served 
until September, 1884, when he resigned; in Novem- 
ber of that year was elected a Representative from 
Ohio to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Thompson, Benjamin ; was born in Massachu- 
setts, in 171)8; held many responsible offices in the 
town of Charlestowu, and was several times a Kepre- 
sentative in the State Legislature; was twice elected 
to Congress from the Fourth District of Massachusetts, 
serving from 1345 to 1847, and again from March, 
1851, until his death; he united mental cultivation 
and sound judgment with great business talent; his 
services upon the Committee on Military Affairs, dnr- 
Ing the Me.xioau War, were especially valuable. Died 
in Charlestown, September 24, 1852. 

Thompson, Charles P.; was bom at Braintree, 
Massachusetts, July 30, 1827; received an academic 
education; studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1854; was Second Assistant to the District Attor- 
ney until 1857, when he removed to Gloucester, 
where he engaged in the practice of his profession ; 
was a member of the State Legislature in 1871 and 
1872; was elected a Representative from Massachu- 
setts to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Thompson, George W.; was born in Ohio in 
180G; graduated at Jell'erson College in 1826; was 
United States District Attorney for Virginia in 1849; 
was elected a Representative in Congress from that 
State in 1851 and 1852; left Congress for the bench; 
was the author of "The Living Forces of the Uni- 
verse," in 1866; "Address on the Common Schools,'' 
1841; "Right of Virginia to the Northwest Terri- 
tory"; "Life of Linn Boyd," aud contributor to the 
Boston Quarterly Beview. 

Thompson, Hedge ; was a Representative in 
Congress from New Jersey during the years 1827 and 
1828. Died at Salem, July 20, 1828. 

Thompson, Hugh S.; was born at Charleston, 
South Carolina. January 24, 1836; was reared in 
Greenville, in that State; received an academic edu- 
cation, and graduated at the State Jlilitary Academy 
of South Carolina in 1856; in lS-58 was appointed 
Lieutenant and .\ssistant Professor in that institu- 
tion; in 1859 was made Professor of French in the 
branch of the Academy loc:ited at Columbia; in 1861 
was promoted to the rank of Captain, and made Pro- 
fessor of llelles Letters in the Charleston branch of 
the Academy; served in the Confederate Army as an 
officer of tlie Corps of Cadets; in 1865 was elected 
Principal of the Columbia Male .\cademy, which. 
^ under his charge, aciiuired a high reputation as a 
classical school; in 1876 was elected State Superin- 
tendent of Education; was re-elected in 1878 and 
1880; in 1882 was elected Governor of South Carolina 
for the term of two years, from December, 1882; was 
reelected in 1884. 

32 



Thompson, Jacob ; was born in Caswell Coun- 
ty, North Carolina, May 15, 1810; received his edu- 
cation at the University of Chapel Hill; studied law, < 
and was admitted to the bar in 1834; during the suc- 
ceeding j'ear removed to the State of Mississippi; was 
elected to Congress, as a Representative from Mis- 
sissippi, in 1839, and continued to serve in that 
capacity until 1851; on lirst taking his .scat in Con- 
gress was placed on the Committee on Public Lands, 
and w.as lor some years Chairman of the Committee 
on Indian Affairs; wa.s a defender of Mississippi, and 
the Democratic party, at the time the cry of rcpiuliu- 
(inn was ringing throughout the land; in 1845 de- 
clined going into the United States Senate by ap- 
pointment of the Governor of Mississippi, aud in 
1851 declined an election to the House of Representa- 
tives; was appointed, by President Buchanan, in 
1857, .Secretary of the Interior; that position he re- 
signed in .lanuary, 1861, and joining the Rebellion, 
served as Governor of Mississippi, and in the in- 
surgent army. Died March 24, 1885. 

Thompson, James ; was born at Middlesex, 
Butler County, Pennsylvania, October 1, 1806; re- 
ceived a good education; commenced life as a printer; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 18.28; 
wns elected to the Assembly of his native State in 
1832, 1833, and 1834, presiding during the last ses- 
sion as Speaker; in 1836 was a Presidential Elector; 
was presiding Judge of the District Court for six 
years; was a Representative in Congress ijom 1845 
to 1851; in 1847 was elected a Judge of the Supreme 
Court of Pennsylvania for fifteen years; in 1866 was 
made Chief Justice. 

Thompson, Joel ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York, from 1813 to 1815, having 
previon.sly served one year in the State Assembly 
from Albany, and two years from Chenango County. 

Thompson, John ; was a member of the New 
York Assembly from Albany in 1788 and 1789, ia 
1827 from Delaware County, and in 1802 and 1841 
from Dutchess County; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York, from 1799 to 1801, and 
again from 1807 to 1811. 

Thompson, John ; was born at Ehinebeck, 

Dutchess Coiuity, New York, July 4, 1809; was edu- 
cated at Yale and Union Colleges; lived on a farm 
until sixteen years of age; devoted himself to the 
law; against his own wishes and consent was elected 
a Representative in Congress from New York to the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Roads and Canals. 

Thompson, John; was a citizen of the Territory 
of Orleans; in 1808 was appointed, by President 
Jeft'erson, United States Judge for the Territory of 
Orleans. 

Thompson, John B. ; was born in Kentucky in 
1810; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1840 to 1843, and again from 1847 to 1851; 
in 1853 was elected a Senator in Congress for the 
long term ; was a member of the Committee on Pri- 
vate Land Claims, and of that on Pensions. Died at 
Harrisonburg, Kentucky, January 7, 1874. 

Thompson, John E. "W.; was bom at Brook- 
lyn, New York, in 1860: was educat<(l in the com- 
mon schools of New York and Rhode Isi.and, at 
Wiston Military Institute, Weston, Connecticut, 
and at Lawrence Academy, Groton, Massachusetta; 
in 1879 entered Yale University, and in 1883 gradu- 
ated from the Medical Department of that institution; 
in the latter year traveled in Great Britain, and then 



498 



BIOGUArillCAL ANNALS. 



re-sided in Paris, France, until November, 1884 pur- 
ring advanced medical studies; returning t« t e 
United States, he located in New \ork <-!*? ^f *"'' 
iractice of medicine; in May, 1835, ^^.^PPXc^^nl 
by President Cleveland, Mi^'^^r ^^^f"^?."!; °5o 
s^-General of the United States to bt. Dommgo. 

Thompson, John M,; was %° .'^.J^du- 

County, Pennsylvania, ■ «n"-^'j;^ 4 ^fivu": spoon 
cated at the common schools, and »*""";'; 

elected a Eepresentative from Pennsylvania to the 
FoTtv third Con<rress, to fill the vacancy caused by 
t^'Tesgnation of Ebene.er McJunkin; was elected 
to the Forty-fifth L'oi.gress for the lull term. 

Thompson. Mark; was a Repr^entative in 
Cuugress from New Jersey, trom l<9o to 1.99. 

Thompson, Philip; ^vas a native of Eeritucky 
and a Representative in Congress from that State 
fiom lS2o to 1S25. 

Thompson. Philip B.. Jr-;,^«sbomatHarrods- 
tur^ Kentucky, October 15, 1845; adopted the pro- 
fe sfonof the la^; was elected a Representative from 
Kentucky to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and 
Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Thompson, Philip R.; ^as born in I™; was 
a Representative in Congress from Virginia from 1801 
to 1807. Died in Virginia, July 22, 1&3<. 



Thompson. Richard W.; -was born in Culpep- 
per County, Virginia. June 9, 1809; received a good 
English and classiral education; his love of adven- 
ture led him into the wilds of Kentucky before he 
became of age; in 1831 settled in Louisville, and be- 
came a clerk^in an extensive mercantile house; tinng 
of this, removed to Lawrence County, Indiana; taught 
school for a few months, but again turned his atten- 
tion to merchandise, selling goods, and studying law 
at the same time; was admitted to the bar m 1834, 
and was almost immediat^ily elected to the Indiana 
Le^slature; was re-elected in 183o; m 1836 was 
elected to the State Senate, served two years, and 
was, for a time, President jjro tern, of the Senate and 
acting Lieutenant-Governor; was a Presidential Llect- 
or in 1840, and voted for General Harrison, whose 
election he zealously advocated with his pen and on 
the slump; in 1841 was elected a Representative in 
Conoress for the term ending in 1843; m 1844 was 
acain chosen a Presidential Elector; was again a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Indiana from 184/ to 
1841 when he declined a re-election; President lay- 
lor tendered him tlie appointment of Charge d' Affaires 
to Austria and I'resident Fillmore the office of Re- 
corder of the General Land Office, both of which he 
declined; in 1834 was elected a Presidential Elector; 
•was also a Delegate to the Chicago Convention of 
1868- was Secretary of the Navy, in the Cabinet of 
President Hayes, from 1877 to 1881; resigned to be- 
come Vice-President of the Panama Canal Company. 

Thompson, Robert A.; was born in Virginia; 
■was a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1847 to 1849. 

Thompson. Smitii ; was born in Amenia, New 
Tork in 17fi7; graduated at New Jersey College in 
1788-' studied law with Chancellor Kent; in 1801 was 
District Attorney in the Middle District of New York; 



was Judge of the Supreme Court of New York from 
isno to 1814- was Chief Justice Irom 1814 to 1818, 
was Seerefary o{ the Navy from 1818 to 1823; was an 
IssociX Justice of the United States Supreme Court 
W 1823 until his death; received the degree of 
LL D. from Yale College in 1824, and trom Harvard 
University in 1835. Died at Poughkeepsie, New 
York, December 18, 1843. 

Thompson, Thomas W.; graduated at Harvard 1 
University in 17313; was a Representative in Congress 
from New Hampshire from 1805 to 1807; was btate 
Treasurer in 1809; was a United States Senator from 
1314 to 1817- was a neighbor, and one of the earnest 
friends of Daniel Webster. Died at Concord, in 
October, 1620, aged fifty-five years. 

Thompson, ■Waddy; was born at Pickinsville, 
South Carolina, September 8, 1798; graduated at the 
South Carolina College in 1814; studied law; was 
admitted to the bar in 1819; served in the Legisla- 
ture of his native State; was, at one time. Solicitor 
for the "Western Circuit of South Carolina; was 
chosen a Presidential Elector; attained the military 
title of Brigadier-General; in 1842 was appointed 
Minister Plenipotentiary to Mexico, about which 
country be published an interesting work; was a 
Representative in Congress from 1835 to 1841, ser^- 
in^r in 1840 as Chairman of the Committee on Mili- 
tary Atlairs. Died in Tallahassee, Florida, Novem- 
ber 23, 18(i8. 

Thompson. 'Wiley; was a native of Amelia 
County, Virginia; was a Representative in Congress 
from Georgia from 1821 to 1333. 

Thompson. "William; was born in Pennsyl- 
vania; having settled in Iowa w^ elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from that State from 1347 to 
1851- served through the "VVar of the RebeUion, 
upwards of four years, as Captain, Major and 
Colonel in the First Iowa Cavalry, and, as brevet 
Brigadier-General, had command of a Bngade; was 
subsequently appointed a Captain of Cavalry in tha 
Regular Army. 



Thompson, "William G.; was bom m Butler 
County Pennsylvania, January 17, 1830; was reared 
on a farm- received a common school education, and 
attended Vitherspoon Institute. Pennsylvania, for 
two years; studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1853- in that year removed to Marion, Iowa; in 
1854 was elected Prosecuting Attorney for two years; 
in 1856 was elected a State Senator for four years; 
entered the Union Army in 1862 as a Major, and 
served until 1804; was a Presidential Elector in 1S64: 
was elected District Attorney for the Eighth Judicial 
District of Iowa, and served seven years; was ap- 
pointed Chief Justice of the Territory of Idaho in 
Januarv 1879, and resigned in April of the same 
year- was elected a Representative from Iowa to tha 
Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Thomson. Alexander ; was born in Franklin 
County, Pennsylvania; was a Representative in Con- 
.rress from Pennsylvania from 1824 to 1826. Died at 
his residence in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, August 
2, 1848, aged sixty-three years. 

Thomson, Charles; was born at Maghera, 
Derrv, Ireland, November 29, 1729; in 1741 landed 
withhis three sisters, at New Castle, Delaware, with 
no other dependence th.an their own industry; edu- 
cated by D. Allison, he became a teacher at the 
Friends' Academy at New Castle; removing to Phila- 
delphia, obtained the advice and friendship of Dr. 
Franklin ; in 1758 was one of the agents to treat 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



499 



with the Indians at Oswego; the Delawares adopted 
him, ami conferred on him an Indian name wliich 
means, ''one who spealis the truth"; was Secretary 
oi' Congress from 1774 to 17S;t; was a good classiKil 
schoUir; was the autliorof the ''Harmony of the Five, 
Gospels"; a translation of the Old and New Testa- 
ments, and an Inquiry into the cause of tlie Aliena- 
tion of the Delawares and Shawnee Indians; re- 
ceived the degree of LL.D. from New Jersey College 
in 1822. 

Thomson, John ; was born in Franklin County, 
Pennsylvania, in 1777; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Ohio from 1S25 to 1827, and again from 
182!) to 1837. Died at New Lisbon, Ohio, December 
2, 185'2. 

Thomson, John R.; was born at Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania, September 5, 1800; entered Princeton 
College, bat left in the junior year, and devoted him- 
self to mercantile pursuits, making a voyage to 
China in 1S17, and in 1820 established himself as a 
merchant in Canton, China; was appointed Consul of 
the United States at that port in 1823, and remained 
thereuntil 182.5; after the year 1830 engaged in the 
management of several railwajs and of the New .Jer- 
sey Canal; in isil- was a member of the " Constitu- 
tional CouTeution " of New Jersey; was United 
States Senator from New Jersey from 18.53 to 1857; 
was re-elected for the term ending in 18G3; was a 
member of the Committees on Naval Afl'airs, and on 
the Post Oflice and Post Roads; was offered a seat in 
the Cabinet of President Buchanan, which he de- 
clined. Died at Trenton, September 13, 1862. 

Thorington, James ; was born in North Caro- 
lina; removing to Iowa, was elected a Representative 
from that State to the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Thornburgh, Jacob M.; was born in New- 
market, East Tennessee, July 3, 1837; was educated 
at Holston College; read law, and came to the bar in 
1861; in 18li2 joined the Federal .\rmy in Kentucky, 
and was promoted until he became Colonel of the 
Fourth Tennessee Cavalry in 1863; served under 
Generals Rosecrans, Sherman, Thomas, and Canby 
until the close of the war, when he returned to East 
Tennessee, and resumed the pra(-tice of law; in 1867 
removed to Kno.xville, and w.as appointed Attorney- 
General of the Third District of Tennessee; was 
elected to the same position in 186i) and 1870; was 
elected to the Forty-third Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Military Aflfairs; was re-elected to the 
Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses. 

Thornton , Anthony ; was born in Bourbon 
County, Kentucky, November 9, 1814; gr.adu.ated at 
the University of Miami, in Ohio; adopted the pro- 
fession of the" law; in 1847 was a member of the Con- 
vention which framed the Constitution of Illinois; in 
1850 was a member of the State Legislature; in 1862 
was a Delegate to the Convention to revise the State 
Constitution; in 1864 was elected a Representative 
from Illinois to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving 
on the Committee of Claims and the Select Commit- 
tee on the Bankrupt Law; wxs a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " National Union Convention " of 1866. 

Thornton, James B. ; was born at Merrimac, 
New Hampshire; was Speaker of the State Legisla- 
ture in 1829 and 183IJ; was the author of " Digest of 
the Conveyancing, Testamentary, and Registry Laws 
of the United States" in KM; was Vhiirr/cd'Afairea 
to Peru in 1836; was a grandson of Matthew Thorn- 
ton, signer of the " Declaration of Independence." 
Difd at Callao, January 25, 1838, aged thirty-seven 
years. 



Thornton, Matthe"wr; was born in Ireland in 
1714; came to this country, with his father, in 1717; 
studied medicine in Massachusetts; settled to prac- 
tice in New Hampshire; was appointed a Surgeon in 
the army; commanded a regiment of militia in the 
Revolutionary War; was President of the " Provin- 
cial Convention" of New Hampshire; was, for six 
years. Judge of the Superior Court of New Hampshire, 
and Chief Justice of theCommon Pleas; wasa Delegate 
to the Continental Congress from 1776 to 1778, and 
was one of the signers of the Declaration of Iiide- 
pendeuce; also .served, for several years, ia the Gen- 
eral Court and in the State Senate; was appointed 
Justice of the Peace and Quorum throughout the 
State. Died at Newburyport, Massachusetts, June 
24, 1803. 

Thornton, Williani ; was born in Tortola; set- 
tled in Washington about the time the Seat of Gov- 
ernment was established there; in 1802 was appointed 
Superintendent of the Patent Office, the title being 
afterwards changed to Commissioner; remained in the 
office until 1827, when he died ; was the first man ap- 
pointed to take charge of the Bureau, which has 
since become .so important; was also one of the first 
to act as (Commissioner of Public Buildings in Wash- 
ington. 

Thorp, "William ; was a native of Delaware; was 
elected Governor of that State in 1846, remaining in 
oflice until 1851. 

Throckmorton, James "W. ; was born at Sparta, 
Tennessee, February 7, 1825; removed, with his 
father, to Texas in 1841; wasa member of tlic Texas 
Legislature in 1851, and served in that body until the 
Civil War in 1861; was elected a member of the 
Secession Convention of Texas, and was one of the 
seven who voted against that ordinance; in 1861 
entered the Confederate service, and continued 
actively engaged until 1863; in that year was elected 
State Senator; was appointed Brigadier-General of 
State troops, and sent to command the north-west 
border of the State; at the time of the surrender was 
negotiating, for Texas and the Confederate States, 
with the Indians between the Rio Grande and the 
Arkansas Rivers; was a member of the Reconstruc- 
tion Convention under President Johnson's proclar 
mation, and chosen presiding officer; was elected 
Governor of Texas in 1866, and was removed under 
the Reconstruction Acts of 1869; in 1874 was elected 
a Representative from Texas to the Forty-fourth Con- 
gress; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress; was 
also elected to the Forty-eighth Congress; was re- 
elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Throop, Enos T.; was born in Johnstown, Mont- 
gomerj' County, New York, August 21, 1784; while 
perlbrming the duties of an attorney's clerk, acquired 
a classical education; studied Law, and settled in 
Auburn; was a Representative in Congress during 
the years 1815 and 1816; in 1823 was elected Circuit 
.(udge; in 1829 bicame Lieutenant-Governor of New 
York, and in 1831 was Governor of that .State; in 
1838 was appointed Charge d'Affaires to the Two 
Sicilies. 

Thruston, Buckner; was born in Virginia, 
about the year 1763; emigrated, in early life, to Ken- 
tucky, and, being possessed of superior talents, was 
soon called into the public service; was ai)pointed 
Federal Judge in the Territory of Orleans in IriO.'i; 
was, the same year, elected a member of the United 
States Senate from Kentucky for six years; resigned 
in 1809, on being appointed, by President Madison, 
Judge of the United States Circuit Court of the Dii- 



500 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



trict of Columbia, which office he held until his 
death, which occurred at Washington, August 30, 
1845. 

Thurman, Allen Gr.; was born in LjTichburg, 
Virginia, November 13, 1813; remoTed to Ohio in 
1819; studied law, and came to the bar in 1835; was 
a Representative from Ohio to the Twenty-ninth Con- 
gress; was elected a .Judge of the Supreme Court of 
Ohio in 18.")!; was Chief Justice of the same from 
1854 to 1856; was the Democratic candidate for Gov- 
ernor of Ohio in 1SG7; in 1868 was elected a Senator 
in Congress from that State for the term commencing 
in 186J and ending in 1875, serving on the Commit- 
tees on the Judiciary, and Fost OiBces and Post 
Roads; was re-elected for the term ending in 1881, 
serving on the most important Committees, and as 
Chairman of that on Land Claims; resumed the 
practice of law. 

Thurman, John R.; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1849 to 1851. Died in 
New York, July 25, 1854. 

Tlmrston, Benjamin B. ; was born in Hopkin- 
ton, Rhode Island, June 29, 18Q4; received a common 
school education; was bred a merchant; was elected 
fourteen years in succession to the Assembly of his 
native State; was a Presidential Elector in 1836; in 
1838 was Lieutenant-Governor; was a Representative 
in Congress from lihode Island from 1847 to 1849, 
and again from 1851 to 1857 ; was subsequently elected 
a member of the Senate of Rhode Island; removed to 
New London, Connecticut, where he died May 17, 
1886. 

Thurston, Samuel R.; was born in Slaine; 
graduated at Bowdoiu College in 1813; was a Dele- 
gate in Congress from the Territory of Oregon from 
1849 to ISSi". Died on board the steamer California, 
on her pas.sage from Panama to San Francisco, April 
9, 1851. 

Tibbatts, John "W.; was born in Kentucky; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1843 to 1847 ; also served as a Colonel in the 
Mexican War. Died in Newton, Kentucky, July 12, 
1852, aged lifty years. 

Tibbetts, George ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1803 to 1805; was a mem- 
ber of the State Assembly from Rensselaer County in 
1802 and 1820, and of the State Senati^ from 1815 to 
1818. 

Tichenor, Isaac ; was bom at Newark, New 
Jersey, February 8, 1754; graduated at I'rinceton Col- 
lege in 1775; was an officer of the Revolution; was a 
Judge, and Chief Justice, of the Supreme Court of 
Vermont; was a Representative in the State Legisla- 
ture; was a Senator in Congress during the sessions 
of 1796 and 1797, when be resigned; was Governor of 
Vermont from 1798 to 1800; was again in the Senate 
from 1815 to 1821; was a member of the State Coun- 
cil of Censors in 1792 and 1-513; was a Boundary 
Commissioner, and a General Agent of the Govern- 
ment. Died at Bennington, Vermont, December 11, 
1838. 

TiflSn, Ed-ward; was born at Carlisle, England, 
June 19, 1766; emigrated to the United States in 
17s6, and settled at Charlestown, Virginia; removed 
to Chillicothe, Ohio, in 1798; was Speaker of the Ter- 
ritorial Legislature in 1799; wa* President of the 
Ohio Constitutional Convention in 1802; was elected 
first Governor of the State from 1803 to 1807 ; was 
United States Senator irom Ohio from 1807 to 1809; 



was appointed Commissioner of the General Land 
Office, in 1812, by President Madison; resigned in 
1815, when appointed Surveyor-General of the North- 
west, which position he held until his death, which 
occurred in Chillicothe, August 9, 1829. 

Tift, Nelson; was elected a Representative from 
Georgia to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on E.xpeuditures in the Treasury Department. 
Declined, by letter, to give the author any informa- 
tion about himself 

Tilden, Daniel R.; was born in Connecticut; 
having settled in Ohio, was elected a Representative 
in Congress from that State from 1843 to 1847. 

Tilden, Samuel J.; was born in New Lebanon, 
Columbia County, New York, in 1814, of old Puritan 
stock; received his education at Yale College, and the 
University of New York; adopted the profession of 
the law; in 1846 was elected to the State Legislature; 
soon afterwards to the State Constitutional Conven- 
tion, and also to that held in 1867, of which he was a 
ruling member, as well as at the head of the State 
Democratic Committee; was again elected to the State 
Legislature in 1870; in 1874 was elected Governor of 
New York, in which capacity he was called to grapple 
with some of the most noted corruptions of the State, 
winning the approbation of good men of all political 
parties; as a lawyer, was engaged in many important 
trials; was identified with many leading business en- 
terprises of the country; in 1876 was the Democratic 
candidate for President of the United States, and re- 
ceived a majority of the popular votes cast, bat was 
defeated by one vote in the Electoral College; it was 
the outcry against the method of his defeat which 
caused the appointment of the Electoral Commission 
which decided in favor of Rutherford B. Ilayes, by a 
vote of 8 to 7. Mr. Tilden died at his country seat, 
"Greystone," August 4, 1886. 

^ Tilghman, Matthew ; was a Delegate from 
Maryland to the Continental Congress from 1774 to 
1777. 

Tllghman, William ; was born in Talbot Coun- 
ty, Maryland, August 12, 1756; removed to Philadel- 
I)hia with his father; commenced the study of law in 
1774; was admitted to the bar in 1783; began to prac- 
tice in Philadelphia in 1793; was appointed Chief 
Judge of the United States Circuit Court in 1801; be- 
came President of the Court of Common Pleas in 
1805; was appointed Chief Justice of the State Su- 
preme Court in 1806, in place of Edward, who de- 
clined ; was a member of the Legislature for several 
years, from 1788; received the degree of LL.D. from 
Harvard University in 1814; was President of the 
Philosophical Society in 1824; in 1809 prepared a re- 
port of the English Statutes in force within the 
State; an eulogium on Dr. Wistar in 1818; an address 
before the Philadelphia Society for promoting agri- 
culture. Died in Philadelphia. 

Tillinghast, Joseph L.; w.as born in Taunton, 
JIassachusetts, in 1791 ; removed to Rhode Island in 
his boyhood; graduated at Brown University in 1819, 
and received the degree of 51. A. ; in 1833 was elected 
a member of the Board of Trustees of that institu- 
tion; studied law, and devoted himself to its prac- 
tice in Providence, with marked success for thirty 
years; was a Representative in Congress from Rhode 
Island from 1837 to 1843; was, for many years, a 
member of the State Legislature, and was elected 
Speaker on several occasions; to him was awarded the 
authorship of the free schools, and improved judi- 
ciary system of his native State. Died December 30, ^ 
1844, at Providence, Rhode Island. 



BIOGKAIMI ICAL ANNALS. 



501 



Tillinghast, Thomas ; was born in Rhode Is- 
land; was, for many yeare, a Judge of the Supreme 
Court of that State; was a Rei>roscntative in Congiess 
from Rhode Island from 1797 to 179!), and again from 
18U1 to 1803. 

Tillman, George D.; was born in Edgefield 
County, South Carolina, August 21, 18'2t>; received an 
atademie education, and studied for some time at 
Harvard College; studied law; was admitted to the 
bar in 1848; practiced, for some time, at Edgefield 
Court House; was a member of the State House of 
Representatives in 18.54 and 1855, and again in 18fi4; 
served in the Confederate Army from 18()2 to lH(i5; 
engaged in cotton planting; was a member of the 
St.ate Constitutional Convention of ISlJo, and a State 
Senator in that year; was an unsuccessful contestant 
for a seat in the Forty-fifth Congress; was elected a 
Representative from South Carolina to the Forty- 
sixth Congress; was again defeated in the contest for 
a seat in the Forty-seventh Congress; was again 
elected to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Con- 
gresses. 

Tillman, LeTW^s ; was born in Bedford County, 
Tennessee, August 18, 1816; received a common 
school education; devoted himself to farming; was 
Clerk of the Circuit Court from 1852 to 1860; of the 
Chancery Court from 1865 to 1868: was elected a 
Representative from Tennessee to the Forty-first Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Patents, and 
Freedmen's Affairs. 

Tilton, Daniel ; was appointed, by President 
Adams, in 1798, United States Judge for the Terri- 
tory of Mississippi. 

Tilton, James ; was bom in Delaware, June 1, 
1751 ; was a physician by profession, and became dis- 
tinguished as a Surgeon daring the Revolutionary 
"War; from 1777 to the close of the war, acted as 
Hospital Surgeon, and introduced the use of hospital 
huts; after the war resided for a few j'ears on a farm 
in his native State; was a Delegate in the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1783 to 1785; in 1785 was ap- 
pointed Commissioner of Loans; in 1812 was ap- 
pointed Surgton-General of the United States Army; 
published " Ob-servations on Military Hospitals," 
and some papers on agriculture. Died May 14, 1822. 

Tipton, John ; was born in Tennessee in 1785; 
removed to Indiana in 1806; was a Senator in Con- 
gress from Indiana from 1831 to 1839. Died at Lo- 
gansport, of apoplexy, in 1839. 

Tipton, Thomas F.; was born in Franklin 
County, Ohio, August 29, 1833; removed to McLean 
County, Illinois, in 1843; studied and practiced law; 
was State's Attorney for the Eighth Judici.il District 
in 1867 and 1868; was elected .ludge of the Eighth 
Judicial Circuit in 1870, and under the re-organiza- 
tion of Circuits was elected Judge of the Fourteenth 
Judicial Circuit; was elected a Representative from 
Ulinois to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Tipton, Thomas "W.; was bom in Harrison 
County, Ohio, in 1817; spent his early life on a farm; 
graduated at JIadison College, Pennsylvania, in 1840; 
studied law, and came to the bar in 1844; in 1S45 
was elected to the Ohio Legislature; was for three 
years at the head of a Division of the General Land 
Office in Washington; removed to Nebraska Ter- 
ritory, and was chosen a Delegate to the "Constitu- 
tional Convention"; in 1860 was a Councilman in the 
Territorial Legislature; having studied theology, 
served during the Rebellion as Chaplain of the First 



Regiment of Nebraska Infantry; was elected a Si-nu- 
tor in Congress I'roni the new State of Nebraska lor 
the term commencing in 18ri7 and ending in 1869, 
serving on the Committees on .\griculture, I'ensions, 
and Public Lands. 

Titcomb, Jonathan ; was born in Newbury, 
Massacliu.sctts, in 17'J8; was a member of the Com- 
mittee of Safety, and of the Provincial Congress in 
1774 and 1775; was a Colonel of a Regiment in the 
Rhode Island E.xpedition in 1778; was a member of 
the Siate Convention in 1780; was a Brigadier-(!eu- 
eral of Militia; was Naval oflScer of Newburvport 
from 1789 to 1812. Died in 1817. 

Titus, John; was born in Peni\sylvania; was ap- 
pointed, from that State, an Associate Justice of the 
United States Court for the Teriitory of Arizona; 
was subsequently appointed Chief .Tustice of the 
same Court for the Territory of Utah, presiding at 
Salt Lake City. 

Titus, Obediah ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1837 to 1839. 

Tod, David; was born at Youngstown, Ohio, 
Febrnary 21, 1805; studied law with his father, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1827 ; practiced at AVarreu 
fifteen years; in 1838 was a member of the State Sen- 
ate; in 1810 took the stump for Van Buren; in 1844 
was nominated for (iovernor, but defeated by a small 
majority; was Minister to Brazil from 1847 to 1852; 
was a Delegate to the Charleston Convention in 1860, 
and was first Vice-President of that body; when the 
Southern wing of that party withdrew to Baltimore, 
he was its President; warmly advocated the Peace 
Measures before and after the Peace Congress at 
Washington; was elected Governor of Ohio in 1862, 
and gave his support to the Government during his 
term of two years. Died at Youngstown, Ohio, No- 
vember, 13, 1868. 

Todd, Charles S.; was born near Danville, Ken- 
tucky, January 22, 1791; was educated at the be.st 
schools of the State; graduated at William and Mary- 
College in 1S09; studied law with his father, .fudge 
Thomas Todd, and attended lectures at Litchfield; 
practiced at Lexington in 1811; entered the army in 
1812 as Acting Quartermaster of the Northwestern 
Division; was on General Harrison's staff", and bearer 
of dispatches to General Winchester previous to the 
battle of the River Raison; was Captain of the Sev- 
enteenth United States Infantry; then Aid to the 
Commander; was Deputy Inspector-General of tha 
Eighth Military District; then Adjutant-General; iu 
18i5 was Inspector-General, with rank of Brevet- 
Colonel of Cavalry; after the war practiced law in 
Frankfort; was Secretary of State under Madison in 
1816; w;is a member of the Legislature in 1817 and 
1818; was Chanje cV Affaires to Colombia fr^m 1818 to 
1823; on his return settled in .Shelby County jis a 
farmer; was Vice-President of the State Agricultuial 
So(^icty for several years; prepared sketches ol ths 
life of Harrison in 1840; edited the Cincinnati R" 
puhlican; accompanied 'General Uairrison to 'Wash- 
ington in 1811; was selected by him as .Minister to 
Vienna, but the death of the President prevented the 
appointment; received the mission to St. Petersburg, 
from President Tyler, in 1841, and held the position 
until recalled by President Polk, in 1845, after 
which he retired to private life in Kentucky. Died 
at Baton Rouge, Louisiana, May 14, 1671. 

Todd, John ; was born at Hartford, Connecticnt; 
was a Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania 
from 1821 to 1824. Died March 23, 1830. 



SOS 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Todd, John B. S.; was born at Lexington, Ken- 
tucky, April 4, 1814; when thirteen yeiirs of age 
went, with his parents, to Illinois; graduated at West 
Point in 1837; served in the army eighteen years, 
rendering much important service; after his retire- 
ment from the armj-, became a trader with the In- 
dians; in 1861 was elected a Delegate to Congress 
from I'ukota; when the Rebellion commenced, was 
appointed a Brigadier-General, and commanded a 
division in the Army of Tennessee; was re-elected a 
Delegate to Congress, where he served until 1805; 
was one of the founders of Yankton, and claimed as 
the leading citizen of Dakota in his time. Died at 
Yankton, January 5, 1872. He was connected, by 
marriage, with Abraham Lincoln and John C. Breck- 
enridge. 

Todd, Lemuel; was born at Carlisle, Pennsyl- 
Tania, .July 2i), 1817; graduated at Dickinson Col- 
lege; studied and practiced law; was elected to the 
Thirty-lburth Congress; served in the Kebellion as 
Major of the First Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer 
Reserve Corps, and alterwards as Inspector-General 
of Pennsylvania; was elected to the Forty-third Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on the Navy De- 
partment and Elections. 

Todd, Thomas ; was born in King and Queen 
County, Virginia, .January 23, 1765; was left an or- 
phan at the age of eleven; received a good English 
education; was a soldier of the Revolution; emi- 
grated to Kentucky in 1786, and began to practice 
law at Danville; was Clerk of the District Court of 
Kentucky nntil 1799; w.is Clerk of the Court of 
Appeals from 1799 to 1^1)1 : was Judge of that Court 
from 1801 to 1806: was (Jliief .Justice of Kentucky in 
1806 and 1807; Associate .Judge of the .Supreme 
Court from 1807 until his death, which occurred 
February 7, 1826. Was the lather of Cliarles Scott 
Todd. 

Toland, George "W.; was born in Pennsyl- 
vania; graduated at Princeton College in 1816; was 
a Representative in Congress from 1837 to 1843. 

Torrilinson, Gideon; was born at Stratford, 
Connecticut, December 31, 1780; graduated at Yale 
College in 1802; studied law, and practiced the pro- 
fession in Fairfield; in 1818 was chosen a Representa- 
tive in Congress, in which oiJice he was continued 
till 1S27; in that year was chosen Governor of Con- 
necticut, and remained in that station until March, 
1831, when, on being elected a Senator of the United 
States, he resigned his office as Governor; after six 
years' serrice retired to private life. Died October 
8, 1854, at Fairlield, Connecticut. 

Tomlinson, Thomas A.; was born in New 
York; served in the State Assembly from Essex 
County in 1835 and 1836; was a Representative in 
Congress from 1841 to 1843. 

Tomkins, Caleb; was born in Westchester 
County, New York; was a member of the New York 
Assembly from that County from l8i)4 to 1806; was 
elected a Representative In Congress from New York 
from 1817 to 1821. 

Tomklns, Christopher; was a Representative 
in Congress from Iventucky from 1831 to 1835. Died 
at Glasgow, Kentucky, in 1845. 

Tomldns, Cydnor B.; was born in Belmont 
County, Ohio, Novembers, 1810; was educated at the 
Ohio University, at Athens; was bred a farmer; after- 
wards studied law; practiced for twenty-two years; 
was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty- 



tilth Congress, serving as a member of the Commit- 
tee on the Militia; was re-elected to the Thirty -sixth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Military Af- 
fairs. 

Tomldns, Daniel D.; was born in Westchester 
County, New York, June 21, 1774; his father was a 
farmer, and he was the seventh son; graduated at 
Columbia College in 1795; then studied law, and w;»3 
admitted to practice in the City of New York in 
1797; in 1821 w.as a member of the "Constitutional 
Convention" of the State; also served in the State 
Legislature; was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1805 to 1807; resigned to accept an ap- 
pointment as an Associate Judge of the Supreme 
Court of the State; in 1807 was elected Governor oi 
the State, and held that office two years; his aid in 
support of the National Government during the War 
of 1812 g.ave him protuinence as a statesman; he 
prorogued the State Legislature in 1812 for the space 
of ten months, to prevent the establishment of the 
Bank of America in the City of New York; bis op- 
position postponed, but did not defeat the measure, 
and a charter was granted in 1813: in 1817 resigned 
the office of Governor, and was elected Vice-President 
of the United States; served two years. Died in 
New York, June 11, 1825. 

Tompkins, George ; was an early settler of Mis- 
souri; was a Judge of the St.ate Supreme Court from 
1828 to 1840; was its Chief Justice from 1840 to 1846. 
Died near Jefferson City, Missouri, April 7, 1846, 
aged sixty-six years. 

Tompkins, Patrick W.; was born in Ken- 
tucky; settling in Mississippi, was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from that State from 1847 to 
1849. 

Toole, Joseph Kemp ; w.as born at Savannah, 
Missouri, Maj^ 12, 1851; was educated in the public 
schools of Saint .Joseph, Missouri, and at the Western 
Military Academy, at New Castle, Kentucky; settled 
at Helena, Montana; studied law; was admitted to 
the bar, and engaged in the practice of law at Helena, 
Montana; in 1872 was elected District Attorney of tlie 
Third Judicial District in Montana; was re-elected, 
in 1874. without opposition; in 1881 was elected a 
member of the Council of the Twelfth Legislative 
Assembly of Montana, and was chosen President of 
the Council ; was elected a member of the Constitu- 
tion.al Convention which met in Helena in J.anuary, 
1884; in 1884 was elected the Delegate from Montana 
to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Toombs, Robert ; was born in Wilkes County, 
Georgia, .Tirly 2, 1810; the first three years of his 
collegiate life were spent at the University of 
Georgia, but he left it during the senior year; went 
to Schenectady, New York, and graduated at Union 
College; read law at the University of Virginia, 
under Judge Lomas; was admitted to the bar of 
Georgia in 1829, and practiced until his election to 
Congress in 1845; his first public service was as Cap- 
tain of Volunteers in the Creek War, in 1836, under 
General Winfield Scott; in 1837 was elected to the 
Legislature from his native County, and, with the 
exception of 1841, continued a member of the lower 
branch until his election to the Federal House of 
Representatives, where he served during the Twenty- 
ninth, Thirtieth. Thirty-first, and Thirty-second 
Congresses; entered the Senate during the Thirty- 
third Congress for six years, and was re-elected for a 
second term ending March 4, 1865; wasexpelled March 
14, 1861, and became Secretary of State in the Con- 
federate Government; was also a Brigadier-General in 
the great Rebellion. Died December 14, 1885. 



BIOGKAPUICAL ANNALS. 



503 



Toucey, Isaac; was born in Newtown, Connec- 
ticut, Novembers, 1796; received a thorough classi- 
cal education; studied law, and commenced the prac- 
tice at Hartford in 1818; was appointed State's Attor- 
ney in 1822, and continued to hold that office until 
1835; was a Representative in Congress from Con- 
necticut from 1835 to 1839; was Governorof the State 
from 1846 to 1847; was appointed Attorney-fieneral 
of the United States by President Polk; was a State 
Senator in 1850; was a Senator in Congress from 1852 
to 1857; in March of the latter year went into Presi- 
dent Buchanan's Cabinet as Secretary of the Navy, 
serving as such until 1861; subsequently founded 
two scholarships in Trinity College. Died in Hart- 
ford, July 30, 1869. 

Toulmin, Harry; was born at Taunton, En- 
gland, in 1"G7; was a dissenting minister at Choro- 
bert, Lancashire; came to Norfolk, Virginia, in 17"J3; 
was I'resident of Transylvania University from 1794 
to 179i;; Secretary of State of Kentucky from 1796 to 
1804; was appointed Judge of United States District 
Court of Mississippi in ls04; compiled Digest of Ter- 
ritorial Laws of Alabama in 1823; assisted in fram- 
ing the Constitution of Alabama in her Convention, 
and served in the Legislature; was the author of 
"Description of Kentucky," 8vo, 1802; "Magis- 
trate's Assistant," 8vo; "Supposed Welsh Indians," 
Nic. Journal, 1809; " Collection of the Acts of Ken- 
tucky," 1802, and, with James Blair, "Review of 
the Criminal Law of Kentucky," 8vo, 1804. 

TOTsrles, Thomas; was born in Ireland; was 
well educated ; in 1815 was appointed United States 
Judge for the Territory of Illinois; after the State 
government had been organized, was appointed Dis- 
trict Judge, but held the ofitice only a short time. 

To'wns, George W.; was born in Wilkes Coun- 
ty, Georgia, May 4, 1802; was prevented, by ill- 
health, from receiving a collegiate education, and 
commenced life as a merchant; afterwards studied 
law; was admitted to the bar of Alabama in 1824, 
and, for a time, edited a political paper; in 1826 re- 
turned to Georgia, and settled in Talbot County; 
served, for several years, in the Legislature of that 
State; was a Representative in Congress from 1835 to 
1839, and was again elected in 1846; his last public 
position was that of Governor of Georgia, to which 
office be was elected in 1847, and was re-elected in 
1849. Died at Macon, July 15, 1854. 

To'wusend, Amos; was born in Fayette Coun- 
ty. Pennsylvania, in 1831; removed to Cleveland, 
Ohio, at an early age; engaged in commercial pur- 
suits; served in the City Council for ten years, seven 
years as President of the Council; was a Delegate to 
the State Constitutional Convention of 1873; was 
elected a Representative from Ohio to the Forty-fifth, 
Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

To-wrnsend, Dwight ; was born in the city of 
New York in 1826; was educated at the Grammar 
School of Columbia College; entered mcrcantik- lift- 
when twenty-one years of age; retired from liusincss 
in 1862; in 18u4 was elected a Representative from 
New York to the Thirty-eighth Congress, to till the 
vacancy caused by the resignation of Henry G. Steb- 
bins, serving on the Committees on Coinage, Weights 
and Measures; was also elected to the Forty-second 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Commerce. 

To-wnsend, George ; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1815 to 1819. 

Townsend, James ; was elected a Representa- 
tive from New York to the Second Congress. Died 
^May. 17!i|. 



To'WTlsend, Martin I.; was born at Hancock, 
Massachusetts, February 6, 1810; was educated at 
Williams College, an<l graduated in 1833; from 1816 
to 1833 resided upon a farm with his parents, at Wil- 
liamstown, Massachusetts; in 1833 began the practice 
of law at Troy, New York ; was District Attorney of 
Rensselaer County from 1842 to 1845; was a member 
of the Constitutional Convention for the State at 
Large in 1867 and 1868; for several years a Regent of 
the University of New York; was elected a Represent- 
ative from New York to the Forty-fourth Congress; 
was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress; declined a 
re-nomination; in 1879 was appointed United States 
District Attorney. 

TO'wnsend, N. S.; was born in England; settled 
in Ohio; was elected a Representative in Congress 
from that State from 1851 to 1853. 

Townsend, "Washington ; was born in West- 
chester, Penn.sylvania, in 1813; in 18.32 became a tel- 
ler in the Bank of Chester County, during which ser- 
vice he studied law, and came to the bar in 1844; 
served two terras as Deputy State's Attorney; was 
Cashier of the Chester County Bank, which position 
he resigned in 1857, to devote all his attention to the 
practice of law; was a Delegate to the Baltimore 
National Convention of 1852, and also to the Chicago 
Convention of 18()0; in 1868 was elected a Represent- 
ative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-first Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Public Lands, and 
Education and Labor; was re-elected to the three 
succeeding Congresses, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Public Lands. 

To'WTishend, Richard "W.; was bom in Prince 

George's County, Maryland, April 30, 1840; removed 
to Washington City, District of Columbia, when ten 
years of age, and there received a good education; in 
18.)8 removed to Illinois; taught school; studied law, ' 
and was admitted to the bar in 1862; was Clerk of 
the Circuit Court of Hamilton County from 1863 to 
1868; was Prosecuting Attorney for the Twelfth 
Judicial Circuit of the State from 1868 to 1872; in 
1873 removed to Shawneetown, Illinois; was a mem- 
ber of the Democratic State Central Committee in 
1H64, 1865, 1874 and 1875; was a Delegate to the 
Democratic National Convention of 1872; was elected 
a Representative from Illinois to the Forty-lifth, 
Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty- 
ninth Congresses. 

Tracy, Albert H.; was born in Norwich, Con- 
necticut, June 17, 1793; received a classical educa- 
tion; studied medicine with his father; when eighteen 
years of age removed to New York State; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1815; served 
three terms in Congress — from 1819 to 18i5 — as a 
Representative from a district comprising almost the 
whole of that part of New York west of Seneca Lake; 
in 1829 was elected to the Senate of New York for 
four years; was re-elected for a second term of four 
years; was a supporter of Mr. Adams for I'resident, 
and declined a seat in his Cabinet; also declined a 
.Judgeship tendered by Governor Clinton. Died at 
Buffalo, September 19, 1859. 

Tracy, Andrew; was born in Vermont; was 
educated a lawyer; was a Representative in Congress 
ti-om that State from 1853 to 1855; served ten years 
in the State Legislature, a part of the time in each 
House, and was Speaker from 1842 to 1845. Died in 
Woodstock, Vermont, October 28, 1868. 

Tracy, H. "W.; was born in Luzerne County, 
Pennsylvania, September 24, 16o7; was bred a 
farmer; devoted some attention to mercantile pur- 



r.04 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



suits; iu 1861 and 18(53 was elected to the State 
Legislature; was a member of the "Chicago Conven- 
tion" which nominated Mr. Lincoln for President; 
was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to 
the Thirtj'-eighth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees for the District of Columbia, and on E.xpenrti- 
tures in the Navy Department; was a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " National Union Convention" of 1866. 

Tracy, Phineas L.; was born in Norwich, Con- 
necticut; graduated at Yale College in 1806; was a 
Representative in Congress from Genesee County, 
New York, from 1827 to 18.X3, and was a member 
of the Committee on Expenditures on Public Build- 
ings. 

Tracy, Uri; was born in Franklin, Connecticut; 
graduated at Yale College in 1789; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress Irom New York from ISUo to 1807, 
and again from 180!) to 1813. Died in 1813. 

Tracy, Uriah.; was born at Franklin, Connecti- 
cut, February 2, 17."),5: graduated at Yale College in 
1778; read law in Litchfield, and settled in that 
town; was often chosen a State Representative, and in 
1793 was Speaker of the House; was a Representative 
in Congress from 17!i;> to 1796; from 171)6 to 1807 was 
a Senator of the United States, officiating for a short 
time as President pro Inn. of the Senate; was also a 
Major-General of Militia; commanded therespectand 
enjoyed the friendship of the leading men of his time. 
Died at Washington City, July 19, 1807, and was the 
first person buried in the Congressional burying- 
gronnd. 

Trafton, Mark ; was born in Maine; was elected 
a Repi-esentative from Massachusetts to the Thirty- 
fourth Congress. 

Train, Charles R.; was born at Framington, 
Massachusetts, in 1817; worked on a firm until the 
age of fifteen; graduated at lirown University in 
1837; studied law, and finished his legal education at 
Cambridge, coming to the bar in 1841; was elected 
to the Massachusetts Legislature in ls47: from 1848 
to 1851 was District Attornej'for Northern Massachu- 
setts; in 1852 was appointed, by President Fillmore, 
an Associate .Judge of the United States Court in 
Oregon, but declined the office; was a member of the 
"State Constitution.il Convention" of 18.")3; was a 
second time appointed District Attorney; in 1857 and 
1858 served as a member of the State Council ; was 
elected a Representative from Massachusetts to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as Chairman of tlie 
Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds; was re- 
elected to the Thirty -seventh Congress, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Public Buildings; 
during the autumn of 18ii2 served in the army as a 
Volunteer Aid on the Staff of his i'riend. General 
Gordon, and was present at the battle of Antietam; 
was a Delegate to the "Baltimore Convention" of 
1864, and the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention" 
of 1866; in 1875 was elected Attorney-General of 
Massachusetts. 

Trapier, Paul ; was a Delegate from South Caro- 
lina to the Continental Congress from 1777 to 1778. 

Treadwell, John; was born at Farmington, 
Connect icut, November 23, 1745; graduated at Yale 
College in 1767; studied law; filled the offices of 
Judge of I'robate, and of otiier Courts; from 1785 to 
178:; w.is a Delegate to the Continental Congress; in 
1809 was elected Governor of Connec'ticut, and 
lerved two years; was the first President of the 



Americiin Foreign Jlission Society, and was a gen- 
eral contributor to that and other charitable institu- 
tions. Died August 19, 1823. 

Treat, Samuel ; was born at Portsmouth, New 
Hampshire, December 17, 1815; was prepared for 
college at the Portsmouth High School, of which he 
was Assistant Principal for 1832-3; entered Harvard 
University in 1833, and graduated therefrom in 1837; 
in 1837-8 was tutor of mathematics and classics in 
the Weld School, at Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts; 
was Principal of Temple Hill Academy, Geneseo, 
New York, from 1838 to 1841; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1841; became assistant editor 
of the Blissouri Reporter, at St. Louis, Missouri, and 
subsequently editor-in-chief of the St. Louis Union, 
practicing law in addition to his editorial duties; in 
1849 was appointed Judge of the Court of Common 
Pleas of St. Louis, and in 1851 was elected to that 
position; while holding that office, in 1857, was ap- 
pointed United States District Judge for the Eastern 
District of Missouri. 

Tred-wray, ■William M.; was born in Virginia; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State, 
from 1845 to 1847. 

Tredwell, Thomas; was born in Smithtown, 
Sutfolk County, Long Island, in 1742; graduated at 
Princeton College in 1764; was a member of the Pro- 
vincial Congress of the Colony of New York in 1775 
and 1776; was also a member of the Convention of 
Representatives of the State of New York in 1776 
and 1777, by which the first Constitution of the 
State of New York was adopted, and was, for many 
years, the Last surviving member of that body; also 
represented his native county in the Convention of 
1788, to deliberate upon the adoption of the Federal 
Constitution, and, with the other "anti-federalists" 
of that body, voted against its adoption; from 1777 
to 1783 was a member of the Assembly, and from 
1786 to 1789 of the State Senate from the same 
county; was the first .Judge of the Court of Probate 
of the State, serving from 1778 to 1787; was subse- 
quently Surrogate of Suftblk County from 1787 to 
1791; was a member of Congress from hia native 
District from 1791 to 1795; was one of the original 
proprietors of Plattsburg, Clinton County, New York, 
to which place he removed in its infancy, near the 
close of the last century; in 1801 represented the 
counties of Clinton and Essex in the "State Consti- 
tutional Convention" of that year, of which Aaron 
Burr was President; was again elected to the State 
Senate, and served from 1803 to 1807; was appointed 
Surrogate of Clinton County in 1807, and held tliat 
office until 1831, making an almost continuous term 
of public service of fifty -six years; his house and 
farm at Plattsburg were pillaged by the British dur- 
ing their invasion, in July, 1813. Died at Platts- 
burg, January 30, 1832. His grandson, Thomas 
Tredwell Davis, was a member of the Thirty-eighth 
and Thirty-ninth Congresses. 

Tree, Lambert ; was born at Washington, Dis- 
trict of Columbia, November 29, 1832; received a 
clas--iical education ; read law in the office of James 
Mandeville Carlisle, at Washington, for two years, 
and completed his law studies at the University of 
Virginia; was admitted to the bar, at Washington 
City, in October, 1855; a few months later settled in 
Chicago, Illinois, in the practice of law; in 1864 was 
elected President of the Chicago Law In.stitute; in 
1870 was elected one of the Circuit Judges at Chica- 
go to fill an unexpired term, and was re-elected for a 
full term; in 1875 resigned because of ill-health, and 
passed several succeeding years in European travel; 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



505 



in 1884 was a Delegate to the Democratic National 
Convention; in 1885 was the candidate of the Dem- 
ocrats in the State Legislature for United States Sen- 
ator, but was defeated, by General John A. Logan, 
by one vote; in July, 1885. was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Cleveland, United States Minister to Belgium. 

Tremain, Lyman ; was born at Durham, New 
York, June 14, 1819; received a liberal education; 
studied law, and came to the bar in 1810; was elected 
Supervisor in 1842; was appointed District Attorney 
of (ireeue County in 1844; was elected County Judge 
and Surrogate in 1846; was elected Attorney-General 
of the State of New York in 1858; in 1866 a member 
of the Assembly from the city of Albany, and was 
Speaker in l-^eS; was elected to the Forty-third Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on the Judiciary 
and other important Committees. 

Trenholm, William Lee ; was born at Charles- 
ton, South Carolina, February 3, 18,36; graduated 
from the South Carolina College in December, 1855; 
became partner in the commercial houses of John 
Fraser & Co., Charleston; Trenholm Bro.'s & Co., 
New York, and Fraser, Trenholm & Co., Liverpool, 
England; lived in England two years; volunteered 
for service with the South Carolina State troops in 
December, 1860; served in the Confederate Army 
throughout the War of the Rebellion; in 1865 re- 
sumed business in Charleston; in November, 1885, 
was appointed one of the Commissioners of the Civil 
Service of the United States; in March, 1886, was 
appointed, by President Cleveland, Comptroller of 
the Currency in the Department of the Treasury; with 
two exceptions, never before held any public office, 
and was never a candidate for any place tilled by 
election; on both these occasions he consented to run, 
and was elected one of the Aldermen of Charleston, 
South Carolina, on tickets specially made up for an 
nnnsnal occasion and supported distinctively by the 
business elements of the community. 

Trescott, 'William H.; was born in South Caro- 
lina; received a liberal education; in 18,52 was ap- 
pointed Secretary of Legation to London; in 1860 
received the appointment of Assistant Secretary of 
State in Washington; in 1S80 was sent as a Special 
Envoy to China to negotiate a treaty with that 
country, in which mission he was successful; in 1881 
was sent as a Special Envoy to Chili and Peru to ex- 
ercise his good offices in arranging a peace between 
those two countries, 

Trezvant, James; was bom in Sussex County, 
Virginia; was a lawyer by profession; was Attorney 
for the State; was a member of the State Legislature 
and of the Constitutional Convention of 1830; was a 
Representative in Congress from Virginia from 1825 
to 1831, serving during his last term as Chairman of 
the Committee on Military Pensions. Died in 1838. 

Trigg, Abram; was a Representative" in Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1797 to 1809. 

Trigg', Connally F.; was born in Virginia; re- 
moved to Tennes.see and settled in Bristol; in 18G2 
was appointed United States Judge for the Eastern 
District of Tennessee. 

Trigg, Connally F.; was born in Abingdon, 
Virginia, .September 18. 1847; studied law; was ad- 
mitted to the bar, and engaged in the practice of law 
at Abingdon; in 1872 wa-< elected Commonwealth 
Attorney for Washington Couuty, Virginia; held the 
position, by successive re-elections, until 1884, when 
he resigned, having been elected a Representative 
from Virginia to the Forty-ninth Congress. 



Trigg, John ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Virginia from 1797 to 1804. 

Trimble, Allen; was born in Augnsta County, 
Virginia, November 24, 1783; settled in Highland 
County, Ohio, where he was Clerk of the Courts and 
Recorder from 1809 to 1816; commanded a mounted 
regiment under Harrison in 1812 and 1813; in 1816 
was a State Representative; from 1817 to 1826 State 
Senator, and Speaker from 1819 to 1826; was acting 
Governor in 1821 and 1822; was Governor from 1826 
to 18:i0; was President of the firstState Board of Agri- 
culture from 1846 to 1848. Died in Hillsborough, 
Ohio, February 2, 1870. 

Trimble, Gary A.; was born at Hillsborough, 
Ohio, September 13, 1813; graduated at the Ohio 
University in 1833; studied medicine, and received a 
medical diploma from the Cincinnati Medical College 
in 1836; in 1837 was appointed Demonstrator of 
.\natomy in his Alma Slater, which position he held 
until 1841, when he settled in Chillicothe; in 1839, 
on account of his health, retired from his profession, 
and devoted himself to farming; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Ohio to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Public Lands; re- 
elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress. 

Trimble, David ; was bom in Frederick County, 
Virginia, about the year 1782; was educated at Wil- 
liam and Mary College; studied law, and when he 
came of age removed to Kentucky; was engaged in 
the War of 1812, serving two campaigns under Gen- 
eral H.irrison; in 1817 was chosen a member of Con- 
gress from Kentucky, and served without interrup- 
tion until 1827, being highly esteemed for the integ- 
rity of his principles and his devotion to his public 
duties; after his retirement from Congress, became 
engaged in agriculture and iron manufacture, and in 
the latter interest did much to develop the resources 
of the State, Died at Trimble's Furnace, Kentucky, 
October 26, 1842, 

Trimble, John; was born in Roane County, 
Tennessee, February 7, 1812; graduated at the Nash- 
ville University; studied law and adopted the pro- 
fession; from 1836 to 1S41 was Attoruey-General of 
the State for the Nashville District; was a member 
of the State Assembly from 1843 to 1845; of the State 
Senate from 1845 to 1847, and again from 1859 to 
1861; in 1862 was appointed, by President Lincoln, 
District Attorney of the United States for Middle 
Tennessee, which office he resigned in 1864; waa 
again in the State Senate from 1865 to 1867, when he 
resigned; was elected a Representative from Tennes- 
see to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Freedmen's Affairs, and Private Land Claims. 

Trimble, Lawrence S.; was bom in Fleming, 
Kentucky, August 26, 1825; received a good English 
education; studied law, and adopted that profession; 
was a member of the Kentucky Legislature in 1851 
and 1852; w.as Judge of the Equity and Criminal 
Court of the First Judicial District ol' the State from 
1856 to 1860; from 186U to October, 1865, was Presi- 
dent of the New Orleans and Ohio Railroad Com- 
pany; was elected a Representative from Kentucky 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Revolutionary Claims, on Jlanufactures, and 
Revenue Frauds; re-elected to tlie Fortieth and 
Forty-first Congresses, and was phx eil on the Com- 
mittees on Invalid Pensions and Indian Affairs. 

Trimble, Robert ; was born in Berkley County, 
Virginia, in 1776; received a good i)lain education; 
studied law; came to the bar in 1803, and settled in 



506 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Kentucky; was soon afterwards elected to the State 
Legislature; in 1808 was chosen Judge of the Court 
of Appeals but soon resigned the position; in 1810 
was made Chief Justice of the State; in 1813 became 
District Attorney for the State; in 1816 was ap- 
pointed Federal Judge of Kentucky, by President 
Madison; in 1826 was appointed, by President J. Q. 
Adams, a Justice of the Supreme Court of the United 
States; a County in Kentucky was named for him. 
Died August 25, 1828. 

Trimble, 'William ; was a native of Kentucky; 
was well educated, and a successful lawyer; wa.s an 
early emigrant to the Territory of Arkansas, where he 
was appointed United States Judge for that Terri- 
tory, remaining in office until 1832. 

Trimble, William A.; waslborn at Woodford, 
Kentucky. April 4, 1786; was educated at Transyl- 
vania University; studied law with his relative, 
Judge Robert Trimble, and afterwards at Litchfield, 
Connecticut; settled to practice in Highland, Ohio, 
1811; was Adjutant in the regiment of his brother in 
1812; was Major of Ohio Volunteei-s in 1812; was 
JLojor Si.\th Infantry in 1813; was brevetted Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel for gallantry at Fort Erie sortie in 
1814, in which he was severely wounded; was Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel of First Infantry from 1814 to 1819; 
■was United States Senator from Ohio from 1819 to 
1821; was Commissioner with General Ca.'is to treat 
with the Northwestern Indians at Green Bay. Died 
in Washington, District of Columbia, December 13, 
1821. 

Triplett, Pllilip ; was born in Virginia; was a 
Representative in Congress from Kentucky from 1839 
to 1843. 

Tripp, Bartlett; was bom at Harmony, Maine, 
July 15, 1839; attended the district school until 
fifteen years of age; then taught school and earned 
the means with which to pursue his studies; was 
prepared for college at the academies at Hartland 
and Corinne, Maine; in 1857 entered Waterville Col- 
lege; left in his senior year, in 1861, and went to 
California; was engaged in surveying, teaching, and 
studying law, in Calitbrnia, Nevada, and Utah, for 
four years; in 1866 took the Law Course at Albany, 
New York, and was admitted to the bar; in 1867 en- 
gaged in the practice of law at Augusta, Maine, as 
the partner of Eben F. Pillsbury; in 1868 was elect- 
ed an Alderman; in 1869 removed to Yankton, Da- 
kota, and continued the practice of his professiou; in 
1878 was an unsuccessful candidate for Congress; in 
1883 was a Delegate to the first Constitutional Con- 
vention of the Territory, and was elected President of 
that body; was also President of the new State Ex- 
ecutive Committee; in 1883 was elected President of 
the Bar Association of the Second Judicial District, 
and, in ISS."), was elected first President of the 
Senatorial Bar Association; in December, 1885, was 
appointed, by President Cleveland, Chief Justice of 
the Supreme Court of Dakota Territory. 

Tripp, Robert P.; was born in Georgia; was 
elected a Representative in Congress from th'it State 
to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-tiftli Congresses. 

Tritle, Frederick A.; was born in Franklin 
Connty, Pennsylvania, August 7, 1833; received .an 
academic education; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1855; in the same year removed to Des 
Moines, Iowa, and commenced the practice of law; 
in 1859 emigrated to the Pacific Coa^t, settling at 
Carson City, Nevada, in ISGO; in 1863 removed to 
Virginia City, Nevada, and became President of the 



Belcher Mining Company, which position he filled 
until 18C8; in 1866 was elected State Senator for an 
uue.xpired term, and was re-elected, for a full term, 
in 1868; was an unsuccessful candidate for Governor 
in 1870; engaged in the brokerage business; in 1881 
removed to Arizona; in 1882 was appointed, by 
President Arthur, Governor of the Territory of Ari- 
zona for the term of lour years. 

Trotter, P. James ; was a Senator in Congress 
from Mississippi during the year 1838. 

Troup, George M.; was bom on the Tombigbee 
River, in Georgia, September 8, 1780; graduated at 
Princeton College; studied law; in 1800 was elected 
to the Legislature of Georgia; was three times re- 
elected ; was a Representative in Congress from Geor- 
gia, from 1807 to 1815; was a United States Senator 
from 1816 to 1818, and from 1829 to 1834; from 1823 
to 1827 was Governor of Georgia. Died in Laurens 
County, Georgia, May 3, 1856. He was an advocate 
of State rights, and a champion of State sovereignty. 

Troup, Robert ; was born in New York in 1757; 
graduated at Columbia College in 1774; studied law 
in the oflSce of John Jay; joined the Revolutionary 
Army at Long Island, as a Lieutenant, in 1776; was 
shortly after appointed Aid to General AVoodhaU; 
was taken prisoner at the battle of Long Island, and 
confined for some time in the Jersey prison-ship, and 
afterwards in the Provost prison in New York ; was 
exchanged in 1777, and joined the army in New 
Jersey; joined General Gates, as Aid, at Saratoga, 
and was at the battle of Stillwater, and at the sur- 
render of Bourgoyne, in 1777; was appointed, by 
Congress, in 1778, Secretary of the Board of War; 
in 1779 went to New Jersey, and completed his law 
studies; after the close of the war became Judge of 
the United States District Court of New Y'ork, and 
held that office many years; was a member of the 
Stiite Legislature; in 1822 published a letter on the 
Lake Canal policy of New York ; ' ' Vindication of 
the Claim of Elkanah Watson "in 1821; "Remarks 
on Trinity Church Bill" in 1813; was the warm 
personal friend of Alexander Hamilton; resided, for 
many years, at Geneva, New Y'ork, as agent of the 
great Pulteney estate. Died in New York, January 
14, 1822. 

Trousdale, William; was bom in Tennessee; 
was appointed Colonel of Tennessee Mounted Volun- 
teers in the Florida War, in 1836; Colonel of the 
Fourth United States Infantry in 1847; Brevet Brig- 
adier-General in 1848, for gallant and meritorious 
conduct at Chapultepec, where he was severely 
wounded; was Governor of Tennessee from 1841 to 
1851; was Minister Plenipotentiary to Brazil in 
1853. 

Trout, Michael C; was bom in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative in Congress from that Slate, 
fi-om 1853 to 1855. 

Tro'wrbridge, Rowland E.; was horn at El- 
mira. New York, June 18, 1821; removed, with his 
parents, to Michigan, when a child; graduated at 
Kenyon College, Ohio, in 1841; devoted himself to 
farming; was elected to the Senate of Michigan in 
1856 and 1858; in 1860 was elected a Representative 
from Michigan to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on the Post Office and Post 
Roads; was also elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Revolutionary Claims 
and Agriculture; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
■'Loyalists' Convention"; was re-elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Agriculture. Died at Detroit, April 3, 
1883. 



BIOGRAPEICAL ANNALS. 



507 



Truett, George; was Governor of Delaware from 
1808 to 1811. Died in Camden, Delaware, October 
8, 1818, aged sixty-two years. 

Tnimbo, Andrew ; was born in Montgomery 
County, (now Bath), Kentncky, September 13, 179;i; 
received a limited English education; at the- age of fif- 
teen wen t i iito the C'ou n ty Clerk's office, and afterwards 
became clerk; studiedlaw^, and commenced practice in 
1824; was a Representative in the Twenty-ninth 
Congress; was one of the Presidential Electors of 
Kentucky in 1848. 

Trumbull, Jonathan; was born in Lebanon, 
Connecticut, June 10, 1710; graduated at Harvard 
University in 17:27; after a few years' service in the 
ministry, studied law and became eminent in its 
practice ; was a member of the Assembly at the age 
of twenty-three; was chosen Lieutenant-Governor in 
176G, and Chief Justice of the Superior Court; re- 
fused to take tiie oath enjoined on royal officers; was 
made Governor from 1769 to 1783; was the only Co- 
lonial Governor who took side with the people; was 
» Whig leader and was relied on by Washington as 
one of his firm supporters; the phrase sometimes used 
by Washington, " Let us see what Brother Jonathan 
says, " is supposed to have originated the term fre- 
quently applied to the United States; he received the 
degree of LL, D. from Yale College in 1779, and from 
Edinburgh in 1785. Died August 17, 1785. 

Trumbull, Jonathan; was born in Lebanon, 
Connecticut, March 26, 1740; graduated at Harvard 
College in 1759; in 1775 was appointed, by Congress, 
Paymaster in the Northern Department of the army, 
and not long alter was attached to the family of 
Washington as Secretary and first Aid, in which po- 
sition he continued until the close of the war; was, 
for several years, a Representative in the State Legis- 
lature of Connecticut, and Speaker of the House; was 
a Presidential Elector in 1797, 1801 and 1805; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1789 
to 179"); was elected Speaker of the House of Repre- 
sentatives in 1791, and continued in that station un- 
til transferred to the United States Senate in 1795, 
where he served only one year; was elected Lieuten- 
ant-Governor of Connecticut, and resigned the Sena- 
toiship; in 1798 was elected Governor, in which po- 
sition be remained until his death, which occurred 
August 7, 1809. 

Tnimbull, Joseph; was bom March 11, 1737; 
graduated at Harvard University in 1756; was a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress in 1774 and 
1775; was a Commissioner for the Board of War in 
1777; resigned the next year on account of ill-health; 
was Commissarv-Generalin the Revolutionary Army 
from 1775 to 1777. Died July 23, 1778. Was the sou 
of Jonathan Trumbull. In 1779 Congress made an 
eulogistic report on his services and voted to 'lis heirs 
a commission on the suras received and issued, and 
the purchases made by him. 

Trumbull, Joseph; was born in Lebanon, Con- 
necticut, December 7, 1783; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1601; studied law-, and practiced with success 
in Ohio; was Pr&sident of the Hartford Bank lor 
eleven years; served in the General Assembly in 1832, 
1848, and 1851; was President of a Railroad Com- 
pany; received from Yale College the degree of 
LLD. ; was a Representative in Congress from Con- 
necticut in 1S34, for an unexpired term, and from 
18:{9 to 1813; in 1849 was elected Governor of Con- 
necticut. 



Trumbull, Lyman ; was born in Colchester, 
Connecticut, in 1813; adopted the profession of the 
law; removed to Illinois, and became a member of 
the Legislature of that State in 1840; was Secretary 
of the State of Illinois in IS 11 and 1812; was a Jus- 
tice of the Supreme Court of Illinois from 1848 to 
1853; was elected a Representative fi mi Illinois to 
the Thirty-fourth Congress; was elected a Senator in 
Congress for the term commencing in 1855 and end- 
ing in 1861, serving as Chairman of the Committee 
on the Judiciary, and as a member of the Commit- 
tees on Public Buildings and Grounds, and Indian 
Affiiirs; was re-elected for the term ending in 1867; 
in 1864 was appointed a Regent of the Smithsonian 
Institution; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
" Loyalists' Convention " of 1866; in January, 1867, 
was re-elected to the Senate for the term ending in 
1873, serving on the additional Committee on Pen- 
sions. 

Tuck, Amos ; was born in Maine; graduated at 
Dartmouth College in 1835; was for some time a 
tutor in that Institution; removing to New Hamp- 
shire, was elected a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1817 to 1853; was a member of the 
"Peace Congress" of 1861. 

Tucker, Beverly ; was born in Virginia; re- 
ceived a good education; was identified with tho 
newspaper business in Washington; was chosen 
Superintendent of Public Printing in 1853; during 
the Rebellion participated with zeal in the cause of 
the Southern States. 

Tucker, Ebenezer ; was born in llurlingtou. 
New Jersey, in 1758; was a soldier in the Revolu- 
tionary War, and served at the battle of Long Island; 
filled many offices of distinction and trust, among 
them those of Collector and Postmaster of New Jer- 
sey; was a member of Congress from New Jersey 
from 1825 to 1829; also held the offices of Judge of 
the Common Pleas, Justice of the Court of Quarter 
vSessions, and Judge of the Orphans' Court. Died at 
Tuckerton, New Jersey, September 5, 1845. 

Tucker, George; was born in Bermuda in 1775; 
removed to Virginia; graduated at William and 
Mary College in 1797; was a member of the Legisla- 
ture; was a Representative in Congress from Virginia 
from 1819 to 1845; was Professor of Moral Philosophy 
and Political Economy in the University of Virginia; 
was the author of "Life of Jefferson," 2 vols., 1837; 
"Progress of the United States," 8vo, 1855; "Politi- 
cal History of the United States in 1858," "Litera- 
ture of the United States," 8vo, 1837, and other 
valuable works and essays on Taste, Jlorals, and 
National Policy, and financial subjects. Died at 
Charlottesville, Virginia, April 10, 1861. 

Tucker, Henry St. George ; was born in Vir- 
ginia in 1779; received a liberal education; became a 
prominent lawyer; was, at one time, President of 
the Court of Appeals; was also Professor of Law in 
the University of Virginia; was the author of several 
valuable works on law; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1815 to 1819. Died at 
Winchester, Virginia, August 28, 1848. 

Tucker, John ; was a citizen of New York; held 
the position of Assistant Secretary of War during a 
part of the Rebellion, receiving the appointment 
January 27, 18G2. 

Tucker, John Randolph; was born in Win- 
chester, Virginia, December 24, 1823; was cducjited 
at the University of Virginia; was admitted to the 



508 



BIOGBAPHICAL ANNALS. 



bar in 1845; was a Presidential Elector in 1852 and 
1856; in 1857 was elected Attorney -General of the 
State, and was re-elected in 1859 and 1863; by the 
issue of the Kebellion was deposed from office; in 
1870 was elected Professor of Equity and Law in 
Washington College (now Washington and Lee Uni- 
versity); without announcing himself a candidate, 
was elected a Representative from Virginia to the 
Forty-fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty- 
fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Forth-eighth, and 
Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Tucker, Starling ; was born in Halifax County, 
North Carolina; was a Representative in Congress 
from the Laurens District of South Carolina from 
1817 to 1831. Died February 4, 1834. 

Tucker, St. George ; was bom at Port Royal, 
Bermuda; removed to Virginia June 29, 1752; grad- 
uated at William and Mary College; studied law; 
took an early part in the Revolution, planning the 
captnreof and aiding in capturing a large quantity 
of stores in a fort in Bermuda; at Yorktown, while 
in command of a regiment, was severely wounded; 
was a member of the Virginia Legislature; was one 
of the Committee to revise the laws of Virginia; was 
a Professor in William and Mary College; was a 
member of the Convention at Annapolis in 1786; was 
Judge in the State Courts nearly fifty years; was 
a Judge of the Court of Appeals from 1803 to 1811; 
was Judge of the United States District Court in 
1813; was called "The American Blackstone"; was 
the author of " Peter Pindar " ; the celebrated poem 
on " Liberty "; an essay on "How far the Common 
Law of England is the Common Law of the United 
fitatvs"; a treatise on slavery in 1796; on the Alien 
and Sedition Laws, 1799, and an annotated edition 
of Blackstone in 1803; also other poems and essays. 
Died at Edgewood, Nelson County, Virginia, No- 
vember, 1827. He received the degree of LL.D. 
from William and Mary College in 1790. 

Tucker, Thomas Tudor; was a patriot of the 
Revolution; was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress in 1787 and 1788; was a Representative in 
Congress from South Carolina from 1789 to 1793; was 
United States Treasurer from 1794 to his death; de- 
livered an oration at Charleston, South Carolina, be- 
fore the South Carolina Society of the Cincinnati in 
1795. Died at Washington, May 2, 1828, aged 
eighty-three years. 

Tucker, Tilghman M.; was born in North Car- 
olina; was Governor of Mississippi from 1841 to 18T5; 
was a Representative in Congress from Missis.sippi, 
from 1841 to 1845. Died at Alabama, April 30, 
1859. 

Tuckerman, Charles T.; was a citizen of New 
Tork; in 1868 was appointed Minister Resident to 
Greece, where he remained until 1871. 

Tudor, "William ; was born in Boston, January 
28, 1779; graduated at Harvard University in 1796; 
visited Europe early in life, and on his return home, 
in 1814, first edited the North American Rex'iew; aided 
in founding the Anthology Club, and published his 
European letters in their j1/on/A7?/ Anthnlo;i;i Magazine; 
wa.s a member of the Massachusetts Legislature; in- 
augurated the ice traffic with tropical climes in 1805; 
was afterwards engaged in other commercial trans- 
actions in Europe; was the originator of the Bunker 
Hill Monument, and one of the founders of the 
Boston AthanaDum in 1807; in 1823 was appointed 
Consul at Lima, Peru; in 1827 Chori/e (TAffitires to 
Brazil; published "Letters on the Eastern States" 



in 1820; Miscellanies in 1821; " Life of James Otis," 
1823; "Gebel Teir," 1828; in 1809 delivered the ora- 
tion at Boston, July 4, and in 1810 prepared the Phi 
Beta Kappa address for Harvard. Died at Rio .Ja- 
neiro, Brazil, March 9, 1830. 

Tufts, John Quincy ; was born in Aurora, In- 
diana, July 12, 1840; was educated at the common 
schools and at the Cornell College; in the county of 
his residence held the positions of Clerk, Trustee, 
and Justice; was elected to the Iowa Legislature in 
1869, and re-elected in 1871 and 1873; in 1874 was 
elected a Representative from Iowa to the Forty- 
fourth Congress. 

Tully, Pleasant B.; was born at Pleasant Ex- 
change, Henderson County, Tennessee, March 21, 
1829; emigrated, with his parents, to Arkansas in 
1839; received a common school education; removed 
to Texas in 1850, and to California in 1853; engaged 
in mining; settled at Gilroy in 1858; studied law, 
and was adnjitted to the bar in 1861; commenced 
practice at Gilroy; was a Delegate to the State Con- 
stitutional Convention of 1879; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from California to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress. 

Turner, Benjamin Steeling ; was bom in Hal- 
ifax County, North Carolina, March 17, 1825; was 
reared as a slave, and received no early education; 
removed to Alabama in 1830; obtained a fair educa- 
tion ; was a dealer in general merchandise; was eiected 
Tax Collector of Dallas County in 1807, and Council- 
man of the city of Selma in 1869; was elected to the 
Forty-second Congress as Representative from Ala- 
bama, serving on several committees. 

Turner, Charles ; was graduated from Harvard 

University in 1752; studied tor the ministry, and set- 
tled in Duxbury, Massachusetts; was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Jlassachusetts, serving 
from 1809 to 1813; was, at one time, Master of the 
Marine Hospital at Chelsea. Died in 1816, aged about 
sixty-six j'ears. 

Turner, Daniel ; was born in Warren County, 
North Carolina, September 26, 1796; commenced his 
education at Warrenton Academy; completed it at 
West Point; in 1814 was appointed a Lieutenant of 
Artillery; as such, served at Brooklyn Heights, and 
at Plattsburg; resigned in 1815; after leaving the 
army spent two years at William and Mary College; 
from 1819 to 1823 served in the Legislature of North 
Carolina; was a member of Congress from 1827 to 
1829; subsequently had charge of the Warrenton 
Female Seminary. 

Turner, E. B.; was born at Putney, Vermont, 
May 24, 1825; received a common school education, 
and spent one year at an academy; in 1-43 removed 
to Michigan; studied law, and was admitted to the 
bar in 1848; in 18.">0 was elected Prosecuting Attor- 
ney for St. Joseph County; in 1853 removed to Texas; 
in 1866 was appointed United States District Attor- 
ney for the Western District of Texas; resigned, and 
became Attorney-General of the State under the re- 
construction acts; in 1871 was appointed Judge of the 
Thirty-second Judicial District of the State, serving 
until 1876; was then elected Judge of the Sixteenth 
Judicial District; resigned in 1880 to accept the 
appointment of United States District Judge for the 
Western District of Texas. 

Turner, George ; in July, 1884, was appointed, 
by President Arthur, .in Associate Justice of the Su- 
preme Court of the Territory of Washiflgtuu for th« 
term of tbnr years. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



50» 



Turner, George; was born in England in 175U; 
joined the Revolutionary Army at the breaking out 
of the war; was a Captain, and commanded in South 
Carolina; was distinguished at the battles in that 
State; was commissioned, by his personal friend. 
President Washington, .Judge of the Northwest Tir- 
ritory in 1789; in 1833 removed to Philadelphia, 
where he died March 16, 1843. 

Turner, Henry G. ; was born in Franklin Coun- 
ty, North Carolina, March 20, 1839; took a partial 
course at the University of Virginia; removed to 
Georgia in 18.53; studied law; was admitted to the 
bar in 1865, and engaged in practice at Quitiiiaii, 
Georgia; was a Presidential Elector in 1872; was a 
Delegate to the Democratic National Convention of 
1876; was three times elected a Kepresentative in 
the State Legislature; was elected a Kepresentative 
from Georgia to the Forty-seventh Congress; was re- 
elected to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Con- 
gresses. 

Turner, JameB ; was born in Virginia in the 
year 1766; liis education was such as could be afford- 
ed by the common schools of the country ; serveil in 
the Kevolution as a private soldier; entered public 
life in 1800 as a member of the Legislature of North 
Carolina; in 1802 was elected Governor of the State; 
was a Senator in Congress from North Carolina 
from 180.5 to 1816. Died at Bioomsbury, January 
15, 1824, much respected for his talents and personal 
worth. 

Turner, James ; was boru in Maryland; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1833 
to 1837. 

Turner, J. Milton; was a citizen of Missouri; 
in 1871 was appointed Minister Resident and Consul- 
General to Liberia. 

Turner, Oscar ; was born at New Orleans, Lou- 
isiana, February 3, 1825; removed, with his parents, 
to Kentucky in 1826; settled on a farm in Ballard 
County, Kentucky, in 1843; graduated from the Law 
Department of Transylvania University, Kentucky, 
in 1847; engaged in the practice of law; in 1851 was 
elected Commonwealth's Attorney and served four 
years; in 1861 relinquished the practice of law and 
engaged in agricultural pursuits; in 1867 was elected 
State Senator and served four years; was elected a 
Representative from Kentucky to the Forty-sixth, 
Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Turner, Thomas ; in 1800 was appointed Ac- 
countant of the Navy, which was the office subse- 
quently called that of Fourth Auditor; remained in 
the position until 1810. 

Turner, Thomas ; was bom at Richmond, Ken- 
tucky, September 10, 1821 ; received an academic 
education, and graduated at Centre College in 1840; 
studied law, and graduated at the Law Department 
of Transylvania University in 1842; comuieueed 
practice at Richmond; in 1854 removed to Mount 
Sterling; was Commonwealth Attorney from 1846 to 
1849: was a Representative in the State Legislature 
from 1861 to 1863; w:is elected a Representative from 
Kentucky to the Forty-iifth Congress; re-elected to 
the Forty-si.xth Congress. 

Turner, Thomas G.; was Governor of Rhode 
Island for one year, beginning in 1859. 

Turner, Thomas J.; was bom in Trumbull 
County, Ohio, April 5, 1815, wl ere he resided until 
ten years of age, receiving all his education within 
that "time; in 1825 removed, with his father's family. 



to Butler County, Pennsylvania, where he worked on 
a farm until fourteen years old; the destitute circum- 
stances of his father compelled him to make unusual 
e.'certions to assist in the support of the family, 
which he did by working'as a laborer on the Pennsyl- 
vania Canal, and giving his earnings to his father 
until the age of eighteen; leaving his father comfort- 
able, went to the 'Far West"; spent three years in 
St. Paul's County, Indiana; finally settled in Free- 
port, Stevenson County, Illinois; was made Justice 
of the Peace, which office he held for several years; 
in 1838 studied law as a profes.sion; was admitted to 
the bar, and obtained a lucrative practice; in 1842 
was elected Probate Justice of the Peace; in 1844 
was appointed Postmaster; in 1845 was chosen State's 
Attorney for the Sixth Judicial District; in 1846 was 
elected a Representative in the Thirtieth Congress; 
in 1854 was a member of the Lower House of the 
Legislature, and was chosen Speaker; subsequently 
devoted himself to the practice of law. 

Turner, Turner; was born in Ohio; was ap- 
pointed, from that State, Chief Justice of the United 
States Court for the Territory of Nevada, residing at 
Carson City. A person bearing this name was also a 
Judge of the United States Court for the Northwest 
Territory, and the records do not state whether or 
not the persons are identical. 

Turner, William F.; was born in Pennsylvania; 
removed to Iowa, from which State he was appointed 
Chief Justice of the United .States Court for the Ter- 
ritory of Arizona. 

Tumey, Hopkins L.; was born in Smith Coun- 
ty, Tennessee, October 3, 1797; in his boyhood was 
bound as an apprentice to a tailor, and served in 
that business several years; in 1818 entered upon the 
campaign against the Seminole Indians; did not 
learn to write until twenty-two years of age, and yet 
soon after studied law. and was very successful at 
the bar; from 1S2S to 1838 served in the Legislature; 
was a Representative in Congress from Tennessee 
from 1837 to 1843; served in the Senate of the United 
States from 1845 to 1851. Died in Winchester, Ten- 
nessee, August 1, 1857, leaving behind him a high 
reputation for ability and virtue. 

Turney, Jacob ; was bom in Greensburg, Penn- 
sylvania, February 18, 1V25; received his education 
at the Greensburg Academy; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1649; was elected District- 
Attorney for Westmoreland County in 1850; was re- 
elected in 1853, and continued in that office six years; 
was Presidential Elector in 1856; was State Senator 
in 1858, 1859, and 1860; was Speaker of that body in 
1859; afterward resumed the practice of law; in 1874 
was elected a Kepresentative from Pennsylvania to 
the Forty-fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty- 
fifth Congress. 

Turpie, D.; was born in Hamilton Cotinty, Ohio, 
July 8, 1829; graduated at Kenyon College in 1S43; 
studied law, and was admitted to practice at Logans- 
port, Indiana, in 1849; was appointed, by (iovernor 
Wright, whom he succeeded in the Senate, Judge of 
the Court of Common Pleas in 18.54; was .Judge of 
the Circuit Court in 1856, both of which offices he re- 
signed ; in 1852, and also in 1858, was a member of 
the Legislature of Indiana; in 1863 was elected a 
Senator in Congress for the unexpired term of J. D. 
Bright, and immediately succeeding J. A. Wright, 
who served by appointment of the Governor. 

Turpin, Ed'ward A.; w.as a citizen of New York; 
in 1858 was appointed .Minister to Venezuela, where 
he remained until 1861. 



510 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Turrell, Joel ; was born in Vermont; graduated 
at Widdlebury College in 1816; was a member of the 
State Assembly from Oswego County in 1831; was a 
Kepresentative in Congress from New York from 1833 
to 1837. Died in Oswego, New York, Decemljer 26, 
1859, aged sixty-tour years. 

Tuthill, Joseph H.; was born in Blooming Grove, 
New York, February 11, 1811; received a good edu- 
cation; was a merchant for thirty-iive years; Presi- 
dent of the Ellenville Glass Works; was Clerk of 
Ulster County for four years; was a member of the 
Ulster County Board of Supervisors ten years; was 
elected to the Forty -second Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the Militia and on the Navy Depart- 
ment. 

Tuthill, Selah ; was born in New York; was 
elected a Kepresentative from that State to the 
Seventeenth Congre.ss. Died in December, 1821. 

Tweed, Charles A.; was born in Massaebusetts; 
removed to California; in 1870 was appointed an As- 
sociate Justice of the Supreme Court for the Terri- 
tory of Arizona, residing at Yuma. 

Tweed, William M.; was bom in the City of 
Kew York April 3, 1*23; received a common school 
education; was by occupation a chair manufacturer; 
was an Alderman in New York City in 1852; was a 
member of the Thirty-third Congress; was a member 
of the State Board of Education in 1857; was a Super- 
visor of New York County in 1858; was a State Sena- 
tor in 18(J7; in 1-^74 was arrested, tried, and found 
guilty of robbing the City of New York, by virtue of 
his official position in the City Government, of a very 
large amount of money; was sent to the penitentiary 
for twelve years; in December, 1875, made his escape 
from prison, and went to England. 

Tweedy, John H., was born in Connecticut; 
graduated at Yale College; adopted the profession of 
the law; removed to Wisconsin in 1837; was a mem- 
ber of the tirst " Constitutional Convention" of that 
Territory in 1846: was elected a Delegate to Congress 
from the same in 1847, serving one session. 

Tweedy, Samuel; was born in Connecticut; 
was a Kepresentative in Congress from that State 
Ifom 1833 to 1835. 

Twiss, Stephen P.; was born at Charlton 
Massachusetts, May 2, 1827; received a common 
school and limited academic education; graduated 
from Harvard Law School in 1852; was admitted to 
the bar in 1653, and engaged in practice at Worcester 
Massachusetts; -was a Kepresentative in the State 
Legislature in 1857; was City Solicitor of Worcester 
in 1863 and 1864; in 1865 removed to Kansas City 
Missouri, aud continued in the practice of his profes- 
sion; was a Kepresentative in the .state Leo-islature 
in 1873, 1874, 1875, 1S76, 1877, and 1878; resicned 
and was City Counselor for the fiscal year 1878-79'- 
in 1880 was appointed Associate Justice of the Su- 
preme Court of Utah. 

Twitchell, Ginei-y ; was born at .'i.thol, Worces- 
ter County, Massachusetts, August 26, 1811; in 1830 
commenced the business of statins or carjin^ the 
mail; was the first to establish a^iaily line of coaches 
uetween Boston and Brattleborough, in Vermont, 
after which he made important contracts with the 
Government for carrying the mail; in 1847 became 
identified with the Boston and Worcester Kailroad as 
.a subordinate olHcer; was subsequently appointed 
President of the same; in 1866 was elected a Repre- 
•entative from Massachusetta to the Fortieth Con- 



gress, serving on the Committees on Naval Affairs, 
and Expenditures in the Interior Department; was 
re-elected to the Forty-first and Forty-second Con- 
gresses, serving on various committees. Died July 
23, 1883. 

Tyler, Asher ; was born in Bridgewater, Oneida 
County, New York, May 10, 1798; graduated at Ham- 
ilton College in 1817; was a lawyer by profession; 
was a Representative from New York to the Twenty- 
eighth Congress; subsequently settled in Elraira, 
where he was extensively identified with railway 
operations. Died in Elmira, in August, 1875. 

Tyler, James M.; was bom at Wilmington, Ver- 
mont, April 27, 1835; received an academic educa- 
tion ; graduated at the Albany Law University, New 
York; was admitted to the bar in 1860 and engaged 
in practice; was a Kepresentative in the Vermont 
Legislature in 1863 and 1864; State's Attorney in 
1866 and 1867; became a Trustee in the State Insane 
.■\sylum in 1875; was elected a Representative from 
A'erniont to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Con- 
gresses. 

Tyler, John; was bom in Charles County, Vir- 
ginia, in 1790; commenced his political life at an 
early age, having been elected to the Virginia Legis- 
lature at the age of twenty-one years, and five years 
later was elected to Congress; in 1826 w.as elevated to 
the station of Governor of his native State; discharged 
the duties of his office but one j'ear and a half, when, 
in 1827, the Legislatui-e selected him to fill a vacancy 
in the Senate of the United States, where he officiated 
as President pro tern, of that body; served in this 
capacity until a difference of opinion having arisen 
between General Jackson and himself, he resigned 
his seat in 1836, and went into voluntary retirement; 
did not again make his appearance in public life untU 
1840, when he was selected by the Whig party as 
their candidate for Vice-President; was elected to 
that office by a large majority, and entered upon the 
discharge of his duties in March, 1841; the death of 
the President, General Harrison, shortly after, raised 
him to the chief magistiacy of the Republic; his term 
of office expired in 1845, after which he lived in re- 
tirement in Virginia until 1861; in that year was 
elected a Delegate to the "Peace Congress" held in 
Washington, and oflSciated as its President; on his 
return to Virginia, became a member of the Virginia 
Convention of 1861, and of the Confederate Congress. 
Died in Richmond, January 17, 1662. 

Tyler, John; was a native of Virginia; in 1811 
was appointed a Judge of the United States District 
Court for the District of Virginia. 

Tyner, James N.; -was born at Brookville, Indi- 
ana, January 17, 1826; received an academic educa/- 
tion; studied law; was Secretary of the Indiana Sen- 
ate for four sessions from 1857; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1860; was a Special Agent of the Post Office 
Department from 1861 to 1866; was elected to the 
Forty-first, Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses, 
serving on the Committees on Appropriations and 
Post Offices; immediately after leaving Congress was 
appointed Governor of Colorado; in February, 1875, 
w'as appointed Second Assistant Postmaster-General, 
which position he held until July, 1876, when he was 
promoted to the post of First Assistant Postmaster- 
tM-iieral: resigned March 13, 1877, and was re-ap- 
pointed one week later, continuing in office until 
October, 1881, when he resigned. 

Tyson, Jacob ; was a Representative in Congress 
from New York from 1823 to 1*25; was a member of 
the New Y'ork Senate from Richmond County ia 
1828. 




■A; / V 






V 




^. \ 



\J0 





'J 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



511 



Tyson, Job R.; was born in Montgomery Coun- 
ty, Pennsylvania, in 1804; was educated for the law; 
while educating himself, in early lil'c, taught in a dis- 
trict school; frequently served in the City Councils 
of Philadelphia; was a Representative from Penvsy.- 
vania to the Thirty-fourth Congress; commanded un- 
common influence iu Congress, and was a man of re- 
fined tastes in literature and the fine arts; also served 
in the Legislature of Pennsylvania, and through his 
exertions the anhives of that State were first pub- 
lished; his published addresses are quite numerous. 
Died near Philadelphia in 1858. 

Tyson, J. "W.; was appointed Second Assistant 
Postmaster General in 1843, and remained in office 
until 1844. 

TJdree, Daniel ; was born in Philadelpliia; re- 
moved to Berks County, Pennsylvania, where he en- 
tered largely in the manul'acture of iron, and was a 
most successful business man; was in the .Slate l-eg- 
islature from 170!) to 1805; was a Representative in 
Congress from PennsVlvania from 1813 to 181.5, from 
1819 to 1821. and from lS-:23 to 1823 — on two occa- 
sions filling the unexpired terms of men who had 
resigned. Died July 22, 1828. 

Underbill, "Walter ; was born in New York; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1849 to 1851. 

Undei'wood, John C; was bom in Litchfield, 
Herkimer County. New York, in 1808; studied law, 
and removed to the State of Virginia, residing in 
Clark County for many years; from ISiil to 1863 was 
Firth Auditor of the Treasury in Washington; was 
subsequently a United States District .Jiidge in the 
State of Virginia; it was in his District that .Jeffer- 
son Davis was indicted for treason, and Judge Under- 
wood refused to release him on baU. Died in Wash- 
ington, December 7, 1873. 

Underwood, Jolin W. H.; was born in Elbert 
County, Georgia, November 20, 1816; received a good 
English and classical education; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1834; in 1843 vras elected 
Solicitor-General for the Western Circuit, resigning 
in 1847; was a member of the "Georgia Constitu- 
tional Convention " of 1850; declined two judicial 
appointments tendered him by Presidents Pierce and 
Buchanan; was a member of the Georgia Legislature 
in 18.37, and chosen Speaker; in 1859 was elected a 
]\epresentative from Georgia to the Thirty -sixth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Expenses in the 
Navy Department; resigned in February, 1861, on 
the breaking out of the Rebellion, and returned to 
Georgia. 

Under'wrood, Joseph R.; was born in Gooch- 
l;ind County, Virginia. October 21, 1791; in 1803 was 
adopted by his maternal uncle, who resided in Bar- 
ren County, Kentucky; received his education at 
various schools in that State, and ended his scholas- 
tic course at the University of Lexington, in 1811; 
then read law with Robert WycklilVe; in 1813 en- 
tered the ser\-ice of the United States, as Lieutenant 
of a Volunteer Company; was badly wounded, and 
was taken prisoner by the enemy at Dudley's defeat; 
was released from captivity, an<l landed from the 
prison-ships on Lake Erie, near Cleveland, where be 
was lodged in a hospitable cabin until sufficiently re- 
covered to return home; in the fall of 1813 located at 
Glasgow, Kentucky; practiced law there for ten years, 
daring which time he was Trustee of the town, and 
t'ounty Auditor: was a member of the Legislature 
from 1816 to 1819; in 1823 removed, with his family, 
to Bowling Green, Kentucky; was elected a member 



of the General Assembly in 1825 and 1826; from 
1828 to 1835 was Judge of the Court of Appeals; re- 
signed on his being elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, in which position he served from 1835 to 1843; 
in 1846 was again elected to the Legislature of Ken- 
tucky, and was Speaker of the House; in 1847 was 
elected a member of the United States Senate lor six 
years; at the expiration of the term returned to the 
practice of law; in 1824 andT844 was a Presidential 
Elector; was a Delegate to the "Chicago Convention" 
of 1864. 

Underwood, Warner L.; was born in Gooch- 
land County, Virginia, .August 7, 1808; graduated at 
the University of Virginia, where he received the 
first honors in the studies of law, mathematics, and 
the modern languages, in 1830; removed to Bowling 
Green, Kentucky, at the age of seventeen; was a 
lawyer by profession; in 1833 visited Texas, and 
spent most of the time until 1840 in that republic; 
was appointed, by President Lamar, Attorney-Gen- 
eral for the Eastern District of that republic, but 
held the office only a short time; declined the ofl'erof 
a place in General Houston's Cabinet, being unwill- 
ing to relinquish his citizenship of the United States; 
in 1848 was a Representative in the Kentucky Legis- 
lature, and in 1849 a member of the State Senate; 
was elected a Representative to the Thirty-fourth and 
Thirty-fifth Congresses, Ber\ing as a member of the 
Committee on Engraving. 

Updegraff, Jonathan T.; was born in Jefferson 
County, Ohio; received a collegiate education; gradu- 
ated in medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. 
and also at Edinburgh, Scotland, and Paris, France; 
engaged in the practice of medicine and in farming; 
served as a Surgeon iu the Union Army during the 
War of the Rebellion; was a Presidential Elector in 
1872; was a State Senator in 1872 and 1873; Tempo- 
rary Chairman of the Republican State Convention of 
1873; Chairman of the Republican State Central 
Committee in 1875; Delegate to the Republican Na- 
tional Convention of 1876; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Ohio to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh 
Congresses. Died November 30, 1882. 

UpdegrafiF, Thomas ; was born in Tioga Coun- 
ty, Pennsylvania. April 3, 1834; received an 
academic education; removed to Iowa; was Clerk of 
the District Court of Clayton County, Iowa, from 
1858 to 1860; was admitted to the bar in IwOl, and 
commenced the practice of law: was a Representative 
in the State Legislature in 1878; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Iowa to the Forty-sixth and Forty- 
seventh Congresses. 

Upham, Charles "W.; was born at St. John, 
New Brunswick, May 4, 1802: commenced life Ijy be- 
comingamerchant'sclerk; graduated at Harvard Col- 
lege in 1821 ; in 1824 wa.s settled over the First Church 
in" Salem, Massachu.setts; in 1844 relinquished the 
Ministry on account of loss of voice; at dilferent 
times edited the Christian Register (Unitarian): in 
1840. 1849, and 1850. was in the State Legislature; 
in 1851, 1857, and 18.58, was President of the St;(te 
Senate; was Mayor of Salem in 18.52; was a member 
of the Thirty -third Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Post Roads and the Post Office, and was Chai :■- 
man of a Special ('oni/jiittei- on the -Smithsonian in- 
stitution; as an author was industrious, and among 
his publications are the following: "1 ct <'rs on the 
Logos," "Lectures on Witchcraft." " The Life of Sir 
Henry Vane," a school " Life of \V;ishington," many 
Orations and Discourses, and "Life of John C. Fre- 
mont." Died at Salem, June 15, 1875. 



512 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Upham, George B.; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
Tersity in 1"89; served a number of years in the New 
Hampshire Legislature; was Speaker in 18U9 and 
1815; was a Representative in Congress from New 
Hanipsliire from 1801 to 1803. Died February 10, 
1848, at Claremont, New Hampshire, aged seventy- 
nine years. 

Upham, Jabez; was born in Massachusetts; 
graduated at Harvard University in 178.5; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from tliat State from 1807 to 
1810, when he resigned. Died in 1811. 

Upham, Nathaniel; was born in Deerfield, 
Rockingham County, New Hampsliire, .June S), 1774; 
was educated at the schools of his native town, and 
at Phillip's Exeter Academy; at an early age en- 
gaged iu mercantile pursuits; was a member of the 
Legislature of New Hampshire; was a member of the 
Governor's Council from 1811 to 1812; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from New Hampsliire from 1817 
to 1823. Died in 1829. 

Upham, 'William ; was born at Leicester, Mas- 
sachusetts, in 1792; in 1802 removed, with his fiither, 
to Vermont; spent some time in the University of 
Vermont; was a lawyer by profession; was a mem- 
ber of the Vermont Assembly in 1S27, 1828, and 1830; 
■was State's Attorney for Washington County in 1829; 
was a Senator in Congress from 184:5 to the time of 
his death, which occurred in "Washington City, Janu- 
ary 14, 1853. 

Upshur, Abel Parker ; was born in Northamp- 
ton County, Virginia, June 17, 179U; graduated at 
Nassau Hall in 1807; studied law, and settled in 
Richmond, where he practiced his profession from 
1810 to 1824; in 1826 was chosen Judge of the Gen- 
eral Court of the State; was a member of the "State 
Constitution.al Convention" in 1829; was again chosen 
Judge, serving many years; in 1841 went into the 
Cabinet of President Tyler as Secretary of the Navy; 
in 1843 was transferred to the head of the State De- 
partment; on the 28tb of February, 1844, was killed 
by the explosion of a gun on board the war-steamer 
Princeton. 

Upson, Charles; was born- in Southington, 
Hartford County, Connecticut, March 19, 1821; re- 
ceived a good English education ; removed to Michi- 
gan in 1845; studied law, and came to the bar in 
1847; in 1849 and 1850 was County Clerk for St. 
Joseph County; in 1853 and 1854 was Prosecuting 
Attorney for the same; in 1855 and 1856 held the 
office of State Senator; in 1861 and 1862 was Attor- 
ney-General for Michigan; was elected a Represent- 
ative.from Michigan to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on theCommittee on Elections and Unfinished 
Business; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress, ser\dng on the Committees on Elections, and 
Revolutionary Pensions; was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866; was re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress, and made Chairman 
of the Committee on Expenditures in the Navy De- 
partment. Died September 6, 1885. 

Upson, Columbus; was born in Onondaga 
County, New York, October 17, 1829; received a good 
education; adopted the profession of the law; re- 
moved to Texas in 1854; served in the Confederate 
Army as a Colonel during the War of the Rebellion; 
wa-s a Presidential Elector in 1870; was elected a 
Representative from Texas to the Forty-sixth Con- 
gress, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of 
Gustave Schlcit-her; was re-elected to the Forty- 
seventh Congress. 



Upson, "William H.; was born in Worthington, 
Franklin County, Ohio, January 11, 1823; graduated at 
the Western Reserve College in 1842; adopted the pro- 
fession of the law; was elected to the State Senate in 
1854 and 1855; was elected a Representative from 
Ohio to the Forty-first Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on the Revision of Laws, Manufactures, and 
Reconstruction; was re-elected to the Forty -second 
Congress, serving on Committee on Manufactures, 
and as Chairman of that on Private Land Claims. 

Upton, "William "W.; was born in New York in 
1823; removed, with his parents, to Michigan in his 
boyhood; studied law and was admitted to practice 
in 1845; was a Representative in the State Legisla- 
ture in 1847; was Prosecuting Attorney at Lansing, 
Michigan, from 1847 to 1852; in the latter yearremoved 
to California, and continued the practice of his pro- 
fession; was a Representative in the California Legis- 
lature in 1850; was Prosecuting Attorney of Sacra- 
mento County from 1861 to 1863; in 1864 removed 
to Oregon ; was an Associate .Tustice of the Supreme 
Court of Oregon from 1867 to 1872, and Chief Jus- 
tice of that Court from 1872 to 1874; in October, 
1877, was appointed Second Comptroller of the 
Treasury of the United States at Washington. 

Urner, Milton G.; was born in F.eierick Coun- 
ty, Maryland, July 29, 1839; was reared on his 
father's farm; received a good education; taught 
school; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 
18(13, and commenced practice; was elected State's 
Attorney for his native County in 1871, and served 
four years; was elected a Representative from Mary- 
land to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Con- 
gresses. 

Usher, John P.; was born in New York; early 
in life removed to Indiana, where he studied and 
practiced law; was elected to the State Legislature; 
was. for a short time, Attorney-General of the State; 
in 181)2 w.as appointed, by President Lincoln, the 
first Assistant Secretary of the Interior Department; 
on the resignation of C. B. Smith as Secretary, was 
appointed to succeed him in the Cabinet, which 
jKisition he resigned in the Spring of 1865; subse- 
quently resumed the practice of his pjofession, and 
became Consulting Attorney for the Eastern Division 
of the Union Pacifit Railroad Company. 

Vail, Aaron; was a citizenof New York; in 1840 
was appointed Charge d' Affaires to Spain, returning 
to America in 18 12. 

Vail, George; was born in New Jersey in 1803; 
received a good education; was associated with his 
brother Alfred, and Professor S. F. B. Jlorse in com- 
pleting the first telegraphic instruments brought 
into use; was prominent as a politician; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from New Jersey from 1853 
to 1857; was appointed, by President Buchanan, 
Consul to Glasgow; was also a Judge of the Court 
of Errors. Died in Morristown, New Jersey, May 
23, 1875. 

Vail, Henry ; was born in New York; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 
1837 to 1839. Died June 25, 1843. 

Valentine, Edward K.; -was born at Keosau- 
qua, Iowa, June 1, 1843; received a common school 
education; became a printer; served as an officer in 
the Union Army throughout the war of the Rebellion; 
located in Nebraska in 1866; in 1869 was appointed 
Register of the United States Land Office at Omaha 
Nebraska; studied law, and engaged in its practice' 
was Judge of the Sixth Judicial District from 18"! 




O ? T/^'^ ^^.^ ^^>c^^^^i^ 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



513 



to 1878; was elected a Representative from Nebraska 
to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth 
Congresses. 

Valk, 'WiUiam W.; was born in South Caro- 
lina; on roniovint; to New York was a Representa- 
tive in Congress iVom that State, from 1855 to 1857. 

Vallandigham, Clement L.; came of a 
Huguenot family, and was born in New Lisbon, Co- 
lumbia County, Uhio, in 1822; received a good edu- 
cation; spent one year in .Jefferson College, in Ohio; 
was, for two years, ])rincipal of an academy at Snow 
Hill, Maryland; returned to Ohio in 1840; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1H12; was 
elected to the State Legislature in 1845 and 184(); 
was editor of the Dayton Empire from 1847 to 1849; 
for some years subsequent to that date devoted him- 
self wholly to his profession and politics; was a 
member of the " National Democratic Convention" 
held at Cincinnati in 1856; was a candidate for the 
Thirty-flflh Congress against L. D. Campbell, whose 
seat he successfully contested; was re-elected to the 
Thirty-si.'v.th Congress; during the second session of 
tlie Thirty -fifth Congress, and throughout the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, served on the Committee on Terri- 
tories; was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress; 
in 18ii3 was arrested, by military authority, for ex- 
pressing his opinions against the war; was banished 
to the Southern States, and, by way of Bermuda, 
went to Canada; during his exile was nominated for 
Governor of Ohio, and was defeated; subsequently 
returned, and was a Delegate to the "Chicago Con- 
Tcntion " of 1864; was a Delegate to the New York 
Convention of 1868. Died at Lebanon, June 17, 
1871, from the accidental discharge of a pistol while 
delivering an argument in court. 

Van Aernam, Henry ; was born in Marcellus, 
Onondaga County, New York, March 11. 1819; 
received an academic education; graduated at a 
medical college, adopting the profession of surgeon 
and physician; held various town offices; was a 
member of the State Legislature in 1858; in 1862 
was appointed Surgeon of the One Hundred and 
Fifty-fourth New Y'ork Volunteers, which position 
he resigned in 1864; was elected a Representative 
from New York to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Invalid Pensions; was re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Mileage and Education in the District of 
Columbia; was Commissioner of Pensions at Wash- 
ington from 1869 to 1871; was again a Representa- 
tive in the Forty-sixth and Fort^seventh Congresses. 

Van Allen, James Q.; was a member of the 
New York State Assembly in 1804; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from New Y'ork, from 1807 to 
1809. 

Van Allen, John B.; was a Representative in 
Congress liom New York, from 179:^ to 1799; was a 
member of the State Assembly from Rensselaer 
County in 1800 and 1801. 

Van Allen, John T.; was a citizen of New York ; 
in 1849 was appointed Minister Resident to Ecuador, 
but only remained there about one year. 

Van Alstyne, Thomas J.; was born at Rich- 
mondville. New Y'ork, July 25. 1827; received a col- 
legiate education, graduating from Hamilton College 
in 1848; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 
1849 and settled at .Albany, New York, in the prac- 
tice of that profession; was Judge of Albany County 
for twelve ye:irs under the enlarged jurisdiction of 
the Courts: was elected a Representative from New 
York to the Forty-eiglith Congress. 

33 



Van Auken, Dennis M.; was born in Pennsyl- 
vania, January 15, 1826; graduated at Union College, 
New York, in 1852; studied law, and came to the 
bar in 1854; was elected a Prosecuting Attorney in 
1855; was frequently appointed to the same oliice; 
w;ls elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to 
the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses, serving on 
tlie Committees on Revolutionary Claims, the Militia, 
and Patents. 

Van Buren, John ; was one of the ablest law- 
yers of the Ulster County bar, in New Y'ork; was a 
Representative in Congress from 1841 to 1843. Died 
at Kingston, January 16, 1855. 

Van Buren, Martin ; was born at Kinderhook, 
New York, L~)ccember 5, 1782; his father's circum- 
stances were humble, and the son was only able to 
obtain an ordinary education at the common school 
and academy of his native village; in 1796 left the 
academy, and commenced the study of law; in 1800 
represented the Republicans of his native town in the 
"Congressional Convention " for that District; part 
of the years 1802 and 1803 he passed in New York 
engaged in the stndy of law; in November of the lat- 
ter year was admitted to the bar; continued to take 
an active part in politics; the first official distinction 
which he received was conferred upon him by Gov- 
ernor Tompkins, who appointed him Surrogate of 
Columbia County in 1808; took his next step in pub- 
lic life in 1 8 1 2 ; in the spring of that year was elected 
to the State Senate; continued a member of that body 
until 1820, having been, during that period, a sup- 
porter of the war and the canal project; a portion of 
this time he also held the office of Attorney -General; 
was a member of the " Constitutional Convention " 
of the State of New York in 1821, and in February of 
the same year was elected to the United States Sen- 
ate; was re-elected in 1827, serving until 1829; the 
year following the gubernatorial chair of the State of 
New York became vacant by the death of -Governor 
Clinton, and Mr. Van Buren was selected, by the 
Democratic party of the State, as a candidate for that 
office; was elected, but his career as Governor was 
brief; scarcely was his administration commenced, 
when President Jackson tendered him the appoint- 
ment of Secretary of State, and Mr. Van Buren at 
once accepted it; the President appointed him Am- 
bassador to England, but the Senate refused to con- 
firm the nomination; received a large majority of the 
electoral votes for A^ice-Presi dent in 183/, which office 
he continued to fill during President Jackson's term; 
in 1836 was nominated for the office of President, and 
W.1S elected; the principal measure of his administra- 
tion was the establishment of the Independent Treas- 
ury; in 1840 was again nominated for the same office, 
but was defeated by the Whig candidate, General 
Harrison; after the close of his Presidential term, in 
1841, he lived in retirement at Kinderhook, his place 
of birth, on an estate to which he gave the name of 
Lindenwald; in 1848 w.as the Presidenti.al candidate 
of the sec'tion of the Democratic party styling them- 
selves " Barn-burners," or, on that occasion, " Free- 
soilers," but was unsuccessful. Died near Kinder- 
hook, July 24, 1862. 

Vance, John L.; was born in Gallipolis, Gallia 
County, Ohio, July 19, 1839; received an academic 
eduiution; worked in a printing office: graduated at 
the Law School of Cincinnati in 1861; entered the 
volunteer army as a Captain and rose to the rank of 
Colonel; was a member of the National Democratic 
Convention of 1872; in 1874 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Ohio to the Forty-fourth Congress; in 
December, 1875, was appointed Chairman of the 
Committee on Printing. 



r>u 



BIOGEAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Vance, Joseph ; was boru in Washington Conn- 
ty, Tennsylvp.nia, March 21, 1786; was one of the 
earliest residents of the State of Ohio; served fre- 
♦juentlv in the Legislature of that State; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1831 to 1S35; was Gov- 
•ernor of the State in 1836; was again in Congress 
from ISV.i to 1847, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Claims; in every public position he ac- 
quitted himself with ability; was, at one time, en- 
gaged in mercantile pursuits; was a General of 
Militia; was an enthusiastic farmer and successful 
raiser of cattle: was a Delegate to the Constitutional 
Con\ention of Ohio in 1820; was also a Delegate to 
the Whig National Convention of 18-48. Died near 
the town of Urbana, Ohio, August 24, 1851. 

Vance, Robert B.; was bom in North Carolina; 
was a Representative in Congress iiom that State 
from 1823 to 1825. 

Vance, Robert Brank ; was bom in Buncombe 
County, North Carolina, April 24, 1828; w.ag edu- 
cated iu the schools of the country; was, by occupa- 
tion, a farmer; was Clerk of the Court of Pleas from 
1818 to 1856; was a Captain of a Company in the 
Confederate service in 1861; was elected Colonel of 
the Twenty-ninth North Carolina Regiment, and was 
appointed Brigadier-General in 1863; was elected a 
Ee'presentative from North Carolina to the Forty- 
third Congress, serving on the Committee on Revolu- 
tionary Pensions; was re-elected to the Forty-fourth 
Congress; in December, 1875, was appointed Chair- 
man of the fbmmittee on Patents; was re-elected to 
the Forty-fifth. Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh and Forty- 
eighth Congresses; in April, 1885, was appointed 
Assistant Commissioner of Patents in the Depart- 
ment of the Interior. 

Vance, Zebulon B.; was bom in Buncombe 

County, North Carolina, May 13, 1830; received a 
limited education, and spent one year at the State 
University, through the friendship of its distin- 
guished President; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1853; in 1854 was elected to the Legis- 
lature from Buncombe County; on the resignation of 
Hon. T. L. Clingnjan, in 1858, was elected to suc- 
ceed him in the Federal House of Representatives; 
was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Revolutionary Claims; was 
elected Governor of North Carolina in 1862, and re- 
elected in 1864; was elected United States Senator in 
1870, but was refused his seat; resigned in 1872; was 
elected Governor in 1876; was elected a United States 
Senator from North Carolina for the term of six years 
from March 4, 1879; in 1885 was re-elected for a sec- 
ond term. 

Van Cortlandt, Philip; served through the 
Revolutionary War as a Colonel in the New York 
line, fighting at Saratoga and Bemis Heights; was a 
member of the State Convention which ratified the 
United States Constitution; was a member of the 
New York Assembly from "Westchester County in 
3788, 17S9, and 1790; was a member of the State 
Senate from 1791 to 1794; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York, from 1793 to 1809; the 
latter part of his life was devoted to agriculture. 
Died November 5. 1831, in Westchester County, 
aged eighty-two years. 

Van Cortlandt, Pierce, Jr.; was a member of 
the State Assembly of New York in 1777; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from New York, from 1811 
to 1813. 

Vanderburg', John C; was an early emigrant 
to Indiana; in ]8L)0 was appointed an Associate Jus- 
tice for the Territory of Indiana. 



Vanderhorst, Arnoldus ; was the second 
Governor of South Carolina under the Constitution; 
serving as such from 1792 to 1794. 

Vanderpool, Aaron ; was born at Kinderliook, 
New York, February 5, 1799; received a classical ed- 
ucation; studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1820; served in the State Legislature in 1825, 
1829, and 1830; was a Representative in Congress 
from 1833 to 1837, and again from 1839 to 1841 ; on 
his retirement from Congress settled in New York 
City, and was appointed one of the Judges of the 
Superior Court, which office he held until 1850. 
Died in New York, July 18, 1870. 

Vanderveer, Abraham; was bom in New 

York; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1837 to 1839. Died July 20, 1839. 

Vandever, ■William; was born in Maryland; 
removed to Iowa; was elected a Representative from 
that State to the Thii-ty-sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Public Lands; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress; served as a 
Colonel in the Union Army in 1861. 

Van Dyke, John; was born in New Jersey; 
adopted the legal profession; was a Representative 
in Congress from New Jersey, from 1847 to 1851: 
afterwards became a Judge of the Supreme Court of 
the State. 

Van Dyke, Nicholas; was a Delegate from 
Delaware to the Continental Congress from 1777 to 
1782, and was a signer of the Articles of Confedera- 
tion. 

Van Dyke, Nicholas ; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1788; was a Representative in Congress 
from Delaware, from 1807 to 1811; was a Senator in 
Congress from 1817 to 1826. Died in May, 1826. 

Van Eaton, Henry S.; was born in Hamilton 
County, Ohio, September 14, 1826; removed, with his 
parents, in his boyhood, to Illinois; graduated at 
Illinois College in 1848; removed to Woodville, Mis- 
sissippi, the same year; taught school for several 
years; studied law, and was licensed to practice in 
1854; in 1857 was elected District Attorney; in 1859 
was elected a Representative in the State Legisla- 
ture ; served in the Confederate Army throughout the 
Civil War; resumed the practice of law; in 1880 was 
appointed Chancellor of the Tenth District of Mis- 
sissippi, and served on the bench nntU elected a Rep- 
resentative from Mississippi to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Van Gaasbeck, Peter; was a Representative 
in Congress from New York froiu 1793 to 1795. 

Van Horn, Burt; was born at Newfane, 
Niagara County, New York, October 28, 1823; was 
educated at the Madison University; was elected to 
the State Legislature in 1858, and the two succeed- 
ing years; was a Representative from New York to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Private Land Claims, Roads and Canals, and 
as Chairman of the Select Committe on the Niagara 
Ship Canal; in 1864 was elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congiess, serving on the Committees on Revolu- 
tionary Claims, and Roads and Cinals; was re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on the Niagara Ship Canal, and on the 
Committees on the District of Columbia and Public 
Buildings and Giounds. 



B I G R A P H I C A L A N N A L 3 . 



513 



Van Horn, Robert T.; was born Id Indiana 
County, Pennsylvania, May 19, 1824; receive<l a good 
"English education; adopted the business of a printer; 
settled in Kansas City, Mi.s.souri; was twice Mayor 
of Kan.sas City; was Postmaster of Kansas (.'ity: 
Tendered niilitaiy service against the Rebellion from 
18G1 to 1864, as Major and Lii'Utenant-CoIonel of 
Volunteers; was a member of tlie Missouri State Sen- 
ate for three years; was elected a Representative from 
Missouri to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Indian Affairs; was re-elected to the 
Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses, serving on old 
Committees, and that on Expenses on Public Build- 
ings; was a Delegate to the " Border States Conven- 
tion," held in Baltimore in 1867, and to the Chicago 
Convention of 1868; in August, 1875, was appointed 
a Collector of Internal Revenue in Missouri. 

Van Home, Archibald ; was a Representative ! 
in Congress from Maryland, from 18l»7 to 1811. ! 

Van Home, Espy ; was born in Lycoming i 
County, Pennsylvania; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1825 to 1829. Died at | 
Williamsport, Penn.sylvania, June 25, 1829. 

Van Home, Isaac; was a Captain in the 
Revolutionary War; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 18U1 to 1805; was then 
appointed Receiver of Public Moneys in Zanesville, 
Ohio, 

Van Houton, Isaac B.; was a Representative 
in Congress from New York from 1833 to 1835. 

Van Metre, John J.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Ohio from 1843 to 1845, and a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Expenses in the Navy De- 
partment. 

Van Ness, Cornelius Peter ; was born in Ver- 
mont, January 26, 17S2; studied law, and practiced 
in Bvirliugton, Vermont; was United States Attor- 
ney from 1809 to 1812; was Collector of the Port of 
Burlington from 1815 to 1818; was a Representative 
in the Legislature from 1818 to 1821; was a Commis- 
sioner to settle the National Boundaries under the 
Treaty of Ghent, from 1817 to 1821 ; was Chief Jus- 
tice of the State from 1821 to 1823; was Governor 
from 1823 to 1826; was Minister to Spain from 1829 
to 1839; was Collector of the Port of New York in 
1844 and 1845; received the degree of LL.D. from the 
University of Vermont in 1823. Died in Philadel- 
phia, December 15, 1852. 

Van Ness, John P.; was born in Ghent, Co- 
lumbia County, New York, in 177U; was educated at 
Columbia College, and studied law, but gave up tlie 
practice because of ill-health; was a Representative 
in Congress from 1801 to 180:>; having taken up his 
residence in Washington Citv, became the first Pres- 
ident of the Bank of the Metropolis in 1814; was also 
elected Mayor of Washington, and, both as a public 
and private citizen, did much to promote tlie pros- 
perity of the Seat of Government; while a member 
of Congress received, from President Jefterson, acom- 
.mission as Major of Militia for the District of Co- 
lumbia, which, with the fact that he married a 
Washington lady, was the cause of his change of res- 
idence. Died in Washington, March 7, 1846. 

I Van Ness, 'Williani P.; was born in New Y'ork; 
received a liberal education and studied law; in 1812 
I was appointed, by President Madison, United States 
i Judge for the Southern District of New Y'ork. 

Van Rensselaer, Henry ; was bom in Albany, 
New York, in 1811; entered the United States Mili- 



I tary Academy at West Point as a Cadet in 1827: v/as 
[ commissioned a Lieutenant in the United States 
Army in 1831; resigned in 18.32; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from New York from 1841 to 1843; 
during the Rebellion, served in the army as a Colonel 
and Inspector-General, and a part of the time on 
(ieneral Scott's staff. Died in Cincinnati, Ohio, 
March 23, 1864, 

Van Rensselaer, Jeremiah ; was born in 1741; 

graduated at Princeton College in 1758; wasajjatriot 
of the Revolution ; was a member of Congress from 
New York from 1789 to 1791; was Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor of New York from JSlil to 18114; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1801, Died in Albany, February 
22, 1820. His brother Stephen was also in Congress, 
and known as the " Patroon." 

Van Rensselaer, Killian K.; was born in 1763; 
was a member of Congress from New York from 1801 
to isll, after which he retired to private life. Died 
in Albany, June 18, 1845. 

Van Rensselaer, Solomon; was born in 
IJensselaer County, New York, in 1774; served as an 
officer under General Wayne in 1794; was wounded 
through the lungs, and received four wounds at the 
battle of Queenstown Heights; in 1799 was promoted 
to the rank oi Major; was Adjutant-General of 
New York from 1801 to 1810, arid in 1813; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1819 
to 1822, when he was appointed Postmaster at Al- 
bany. Died near Albany, April 23, 1852. 

Van Rensselaer, Stephen ; was born in the 
city of New York, in November, 1764; graduated at 
the University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1872; 
was elected a member of the New Y'ork SenateTh" 
1795; was six years Lieutenant-Governor of New 
Y'ork; was a member of Congress from 1822 to 1829' 
it was by his casting vote in the New York Delega- 
tion that .1. Q. .\dams was elected President in Feb- 
ru;iry, 1825; in 1-^10 was appointed one of the Canal 
Commissioners, and, for the last fourteen years of hia 
life, was President of the Board; during the last war 
with England he commanded, with distinction, as » 
Major-General, on the Niagara frontier; was distin- 
guished for his wealth and munificent charities, and 
enjoyed the inherited title of "Patroon." Died at 
Albany, January 26, 1839. 

Vansant, Joshua; was born in M.aryland; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1853 to 1855; was also, for many years. President of 
the Maryhind Institute. 

Van Schaick, Isaac "W.; was born in Cox- 
sackie, Greene County, New York, December?, 1617; 
received a common school education; filled various 
local offices in his native State; removed to Milwau- 
kee, Wisconsin, in 1861; engaged in the manufacture 
of flour; was elected to the Milwaukee Common 
Council in 1871: in 1872 was elected a Representa- 
tive in the Wisconsin Legislature and was re-elected 
in 1874; in 1877 was elected to the Wisconsin Sen- 
ate; was re-elected in 1879 and 1881; in 1884 was 
elected a Representative from Wisconsin to the For- 
ty-ninth Congress. 

Van Trump, Philadelph; was born in Lancas- 
ter, Ohio, November 15, 1810; received a good En- 
glish education; learned the art of printing, and 
edited a newspaper for several years in his native 
town; studied law; came to the bar in 183-, and be- 
came the law partner of H. F. Stanbery, with whom 
he had studied his profession; was a member of the 
"Baltimore Convention " of 1852, which nominated 



tw 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



General Scott for the Presidency; was three times 
nominated, by conventions, as a candidate for tlie 
Supreme Bench of the State; in IHli'J was elected a 
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, which position 
he resigned in 18ii6; in that year was elected a Kep- 
resentative from Ohio to the Fortieth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on the Pacific Railroad, and 
Manufactures; was re-elected to the Forty-first and 
Forty -second Congresses, serving on the Committee 
on Post Offices and Post Roads. Died at Cincinnati, 
July 31, 1874. 

Van Valkenbvirgh, Robert B.; was born in 
Steuben County, New York, September 4, 1W21 
ad 
in 



Llopted the proiession of the law; served three terms 
.J the State Legislature of New York; when the Re- 
bellion broke out was placed, by the Governor of New 
Y'ork, in charge of affairs at Elmira, and there organ- 
ized seventeen regiments for the war; was elected a 
Representative from New York to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
the ^Militia; in 1862, while in Congress, took com- 
mand, as Colonel, of the One Hundred and Seventh 
Regiment, New York Volunteers, and was present at 
the'battle of Antietam; was re-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving as Chairman of the Commit- 
tees on the Militia, and Expenditures in the State 
Bepartment; in ISUr) was appointed, by President 
Johnson, acting Commissioner of Indian Affairs dur- 
ing the absence of the Commissioner; in December, 
ISo."), was appointed, by President Johnson, Minister 
Resident to Japan. 

Van Voorhes, Nelson H.; was born in Wash- 
ington County, Pennsylvania, January 23, 182-2; re- 
moved to Athens County, Ohio, in 1832; worked on a 
farm for several years, spending tlie winters at the 
common schools of the vicinity; in 183(3 entered the 
printing office of the Western Speetttlnr as an appren- 
tice to his father, who was editor; was required to 
conduct the paper during his father's absence in the 
Legislature, thus becoming educated as an editor and 
publi.sher; in 1830 was elected a member of the State 
Legislature; in 1855 was elected Probate Judge; re- 
signed to again become a memlier of the Legislature, 
and was made Speaker; by re-electioES, was a mem- 
ber ten years; in 181)1 entered the army in the Vol- 
unteer service; in 18(j2 was commissioned Colonel oi 
the Ninety-second Regiment of United States Troops; 
rendered such active service in the Army of the Cum- 
berland as to cause ill-health, and resigned his posi- 
tion; in 1871 was again Speaker of the Assemljly; 
served in that capacity four years; received unani- 
mous complimentary thanks, and a gold watch for 
the impartial manner in which lie discharged the 
duties of tliat office; in 1874 wa,s elected a Represent- 
ative from Ohio to the Forty-fmirth Congress; was 
re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

Van "Winkle, Peter G.; was born in the City 

of New York, September 7, 1808; removed to Park- 
ersburg, Virginia (nowAVest Vii-inia), in 1835; was 
a member of the Virginia "Constitutional Conven- 
tion" of 1850; also of the "Wheeling Convention" 
of 18lil; was also a member of the Convention ■which 
framed the Constitution of West Virginia in 1802; 
was a member of the Legislature of that State from 
its organization until .luiie, 1803; in November ol 
that year was elected a Senator iu Congress from 
West'Virginia, for the terra ending in 1809, serving 
on the Committees on Finance, Pensions, and Post 
Offices and Post Roads; was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1800; was 
subsequently made Chairman of the Committee on 
Pensions. Died April 15, 1872. 



Van Voorhis, John ; was born in Decatur, New 
York Octolier 22, 1828; received an academic edu- 
cation; studied law, and engaged in its practice at 
Rochester, New York; was a member ot the City 
Board of Education in 1857; City Attorney in 18o9; 
was appointed Collector of Internal Revenue in 1862; 
was a Delegate to the Republican National Conven- 
tion of 1864; was elected a Representative from New 
York to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Con- 
gresses. 

Van "Wyck, Charles H.; was bom at Pough- 

keepsie, New York, in November, 1824; graduated 
at Rutgers College. New Jersey; studied and prac- 
ticed law; was District Attorney of Sullivan County 
from 1850 to 1856; was elected a Representative 
from New York to tlie Thirty-sixth Congress, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Mileage: was also 
elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, and was ap- 
pointed Chairman of the Committee on Government 
Contracts; while in Congress served in the Volun- 
teer service as Colonel of a regiment; in 1865 was 
appointed a Brigadier-General by brevet; was a Del- 
egate to the Pittsburgh "Soldiers' Convention" ot 
1805; was elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
as Chairman of the Committee on Retrenchment; 
was a Delegate to the State "Republican Conven- 
tion" of 1867; was re-elected to the Forty-first Con- 
gress; removed to Nebraska in 1874; was a Delegate 
to the State Constitutional Convention of 1876; State 
Senator from 1876 to 1880; was elected United States 
Senator from Nebraska for six years from March 4, 
1881. 

Van "Wyck, William W.; was bom in Dutch- 
ess County, New Y'ork; was a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1821 to 1825. 

Van Zandt, Charles Collins ; was bom at 
Newport, Rhode Island, Augu.st 10, 1830; was grad- 
uated from Trinity College in 1851; studied law; 
was admitted to the bar in 1853, and engaged in 
practice at Newport; was Speaker of the State 
House of Representatives in 1858-59, from 1866 to 
1869 and from 1871 to 1873; was Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor and ex-uffieio President of the State Senate from 
1873 to 1875; was Governor of Rhode Island from 
1877 to 1880; in the latter year was tendered, by 
President Hayes, the post of United States Minister 
to Russia, which he declined. 

Varnum, James Mitchell ; was born in Dra- 
cut Massachusetts, in 1749; graduated at Rhode 
Island College in 1769; studied law, and settled in 
East Greenwich; in 1774 accepted the command^ of 
a company called the "Kentish Guards' ; in 1,77 
was promoted, by Congress, to the rank of Brigadier- 
General; in 1779 resigned his commission in the 
army, and the Legislature appointed him Major- 
G»--^ral of Militia; from 1780 to 1782 was a Delegate 
k. the Continental Congress, after which service he 
returned to the practice of bis profession; in lr-<6 
was again a Delegate to Congress, and served one 
year; was then appointed Judge of the Northwest 
Territory. Died in 1790. 

Varnum, John; was a native of Essex County 
Massachusetts; was educated at Harvard University; 
practiced law for some years at Haverhill, Massachu- 
setts; was frequently a member of the State Legisla- 
ture- was a Representative in Congress from Massa- 
chusetts, from 1S25 to 1831; removed to Niles in 
the State of Michigan, where he died, July 23, 184b, 
aged sixty-three years. 

Varnum, Joseph Bradley ; was born in Dra- 
cut, Massachusetts, in l%a; was a General in the 



BIUGRAlMilCAL ANNALS. 



.->J7 



Revolutionary War; was a Kepresentative iu Con- 
gress ('>-om 17!)") to l-ill, being .Speaker during tlie 
Tenth and Eleventli Congresses; was eliosen Senator 
in iMll; Served until 1817, and was President ;;/» 
tern, of tlie Senate: Wiis a useful member of tbe three 
Conventions of Massaehusetts. IJied suddenly, 
September 11. is-_!l, being then Major-(^eneral of a 
division of militia. 

Vaug-han, ■William "W. ; was elected to the 
Forty-second Congress, as a Kepresent.ative from 
Tennessee, and served on the Committee on Terri- 
tories. 

Veazey, Thomas "W.; was Governor of Mary- 
land from 18:i(ito 1^3S: was a member of the House 
of Delegates and of the IC.vecutive Council. Died in 
Cecil County, Maryland, .Tune 30, 1848, aged sixty- 
eight year.s. 

Veeder, "William D. ; vpas born at Gnilderland, 
Albany County, New York, May 19, 183.5; received 
an academic education; studied law; was admitted 
to the bar in 1858, and began to practice in Brook- 
lyn, New York; was a member of the Assembly in 
l.'''(r> and 186(i: Surrogate of Kings County from 1867 
to 1.877; was a member of the State Constitutional 
Convention iu 18l>7 and 1868; was, for several years, 
a member of the Democratic State Committee; was 
elected a Kepresentative from New York to the 
Forty-fifth Congress. 

Venable, Abraham. B.; wjis a gr.aduate of 
Princeton College in 1780; was a Kepresent.ative in 
Congress from Virginia, from 17!)1 to 17911; was a 
Senator of the United States from 1"<03 to 1>-(I4. 
Perished in the conflagration of the theatre at Rich- 
mond, Virginia, December 26, Isll. 

Venable, Abraham W.; was born in Prince 
Edward County, Virginia, October 17, 1799; gradu- 
ated at Hampden Sidney College in 1816; studied 
medicine fortwo years; then went to Princeton College, 
■where he graduated in 1819; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar of North Carolina in 1821 ; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1832 and 1836; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from North Carolina, from 1847 
to 1853; his father and six uncles were in the Revo- 
lutionary War, serving their country faithfully; he 
took part in the Rebellion of 1861, as a member of 
the so-called Confederate Congress, having previously 
been elected a Presidential Elector. Died at his 
home, in March, 1876. 

Venable, William E.; was a citizen of Ten- 
nessee; arrived in Guatemala, in March, 18.57, as 
Minister Rasident, and died .-Vugust 22, of the same 
year. 

Verplanck, Daniel C; was born in New Y'ork in 
1761 ; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1802 to 1809; sub.sequently served tor 
many years as .Judge of the County Court of Dntche.^s 
County, New Y'ork, resigning in 1828. Died near 
Fishkill, March 29, 1834. Was the father of O. C. 
Verplanck. 

Verplanok, Gulian C; was born in the city of 
New York, in August, 1786; graduated at Columbia 
College in 1801; pursued the study of the law; after 
his admission to the bar, pa,sse<l several years abroad, 
in Great I'.ritain and on the continent: on his return 
home became interested in politics, and in 1814 was 
a candidate of tbe •" malcontents " in N'ew York for 
the .^sembly; in 1819 wrote the "State Triumvir- 
ate, a Political Tale,'' a satire on the political parties 
of tbe day, and other works of a similar description; 



in 1820 was a prominent member of the New York 
Legislature, in whicli be was (bairman of tlie Com- 
mittee on Education; soon after became Professor of 
the F;vidences of Christianity, in the Theological 
Seminary of the I'rotestant ICpiscopal Church in New 
York, and in 1824 pnblislied " Essays on the N:v1iiie 
and Uses of the Various Ihiilences of Revealed l\V- 
ligion," — a work written with simplicity and ele- 
gance; the ne.xt year aiipeared his " Essay on the 
Doctrine of Contracts; being an ln(|uiry how Con- 
tracts are affected, in Law and Morals, by Conceal- 
ment, Error, or Inadeciuate Price"; besides these 
works, contributed mucli to various magazines, and, 
in conjunction with Mr. Bryant and Mr. Sands, pub- 
lished the "Talisman," a species of annual, three 
volumes of which appeared; from 1825 to 18:i3 was a 
member of Congress from the city of New York ; was 
afterwards, lor several years, a member of the New 
Y'ork Senate; also published, in 1833, a collection of 
his discourses and addresses on various snbject.s, and, 
in 1844 and 1.-^46, a handsome edition of Shakespeare; 
was a Regent of the University of N'ew Y'ork from 
.Tanuary, 1826, and held manv other local offices. 
Died in New York City, March' 18, 1870. 

Verree, John P.; was born in Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania, in 1819: was an iron manufacturer by 
occupation — the business of his whole life heretofore; 
was, for six years, a member of the Philadelphia Se- 
lect Council, and four years the presiding officer of 
that body; was elected a Representative from Penn- 
sj-Ivania to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Revolutionary Pen- 
sions: was re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress. 

Vest, George Graham ; was born at Frank- 
fort, Kentucky, December 6, 1830; graduated at Cen- 
tre College, Kentucky, in 1848, and at the Law De- 
partment of Tran.sylvania University, Kentucky, in 
18.53; removed to Missouri in that year and i-ngaged 
in the practice of law; was a Presidential Elector in 
1860; was a Representative in the State Legislature 
in 1860-61; was a Representative in the Confederate 
Congress for two years, and a member of the Confed- 
erate Senate one year; was elected a Senator of the 
United States from Missouri for the term of six years 
from March 4, 1879; in 1885 was re-elected for six 
years. 

Vibbard, Chavmcey ; was born at Gahvay, Sar- 
atoga County, New York, November 11, 1811; re- 
ceived a common school education: wa.s, for several 
years, employed as a clerk in a store, and afterwards 
in a railroad office, in Albany; in 1848 became the 
Superintendent of the Utica and Schenectady Kail- 
way Company; was afterwards called to the same 
position in the New Y'ork Central Railway Company, 
in which capacity he continued until elected a Rep- 
resentative, from New York, to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving as a member on the Committee on 
the Post Office and Post Roads. 

Vickers, George ; was born in Cliesterfown, 
Kent County, Maryland, November 19, 1801 ; re- 
ceived an academic education; became a Clerk in the 
office of a County Clerk; studied law, and came to 
the bar in 1832; in 1830 was an Elector of the State 
Senate of Maryland; subsequently declined the ap- 
pointment of .Judge tendered by Governors 1 licks 
and Bradford; was a Delegate to the "Baltimore 
Whig Convention " of 1852; in 1"64 was a Presi- 
dential Elector; was a member of the State Senate in 
1866 and 18t)7; in 1868 w.as elected a Senator in Con- 
gres.? from Maryland, for the term ending in 1873, in 
tae place of P. F. Thomas, rejectt'd by the Senate 



518 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



at the commencement of the Rebellion received, from 
the Governor, the appointment of Major-General of 
the Maryland Militia. 

Videl, Michel ; vras horn in Languedoc, France; 
received a collegiate education ; emigrated to the 
Republic of Texas; spent two years in Louisiana en- 
gaged in literary pursuits; was subsequently a writer 
for the newspaper press in Quebec, Canada, in New 
York City, and New Orleans; in 1867 started. In 
Opelousas, Louisiana, a paper called the St. Landry 
Progress; was afterwards appointed a Registrar for 
the City of New Orleans; was a Delegate to the State 
Constitntional Convention of 1868; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Louisiana to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on the State Department; 
was subsequently appointed Consul at Tripoli, and 
when certain troubles occurred in 1875 vacated his 
post. 

Viele, Egbert L.; waa born at Waterford, Sara- 
toga County, New York, June 17, 1825; received his 
early education at the Albany Academy, Albany, 
New York; graduated from the United States Mili- 
tary Academy, West Point, June 17, 1847; was ap- 
pointed Brevet Second Lieutenant in the Second 
United States Infantry; was subsequently commis- 
sioned a Second Lieutenant, and, later, a First Lieu- 
tenant in the First United States Infantry; served 
in the Mexican War and in campaigns against the 
Indians in the Southwest until 1853, when he re- 
signed and settled in New York City as a Civil Engi- 
neer; in 1858 was appointed Topographical Engineer 
of the State of New Jersey; in 1856 prepared the de- 
sign of Central Park, New York; in that year was 
appointed Engineer-in-chief of Central Park; in 1859 
draughted the design of Prospect Park, Brooklyn; in 
1800 was appointed Engineer of Prospect Park; in the 
same year was ajipointed Captain of the Engineer 
Corps of the Seventh New Y'ork Regiment; in 1861 
was appointed Brigadier-General of United States 
Volunteers; in 1862 was Military Governor of Nor- 
folk, Virginia; in 1863 was appointed President of 
the Department of Public Parks in New York City; 
became a Fellow of the Academy of Sciences, a, Fel- 
low of the American (ieographical Society and Mem- 
ber of its Council, a Fellow of the National Academy 
of Design, and a member of the National jVssoci.ation 
for the Advancement of Sciences; was the author of 
"Hand-book for Active Service" — a military man- 
ual published at the beginning of the Civil War — 
"Topographical Atlas of the City of New Y'ork," and 
numerous papers on geography, sanitation, and engi- 
neering; in 1884 was elected a Representative from 
New Y'ork to the Torty-ninth Congress. 

Vilas, ■William F.; was born at Chelsea, Ver- 
mont, July 9, 1840; removed, with his parents, to 
Madison, Wisconsin, in 1851; graduated from the 
Wisconsin State University in 1858, and from the 
Albany Law School, at Albany, New York, in 1860; 
was admitted to the bar in Wisconsin in the latter 
year, and entered upon the practice of law at Mad 
ison, Wisconsin; in 1>62 raised a Company of Volim 
teers and joined the Twenty-third Wisconsin Regi- 
ment as Captain of the Company; in March, 1863. 
became a Lieutenant-Colonel ; had command of his 
Regiment during the Siege of Vicksburg, Mississippi, 
and for two months afterwards: resigned his com- 
mission in 1863, and resumed the practice of his 
profession at Madison, Wisconsin: became a lecturer 
in the Law Department of the State University of 
Wisconsin, and a member of the Board of Regents of 
that institution; from 1875 to 1878 was, by ajjpoint 
ment of the State Supreme Court, one of tlie Re- 
visers of the Statutes of Wisconsin; wa.s Chairman 



of the Democratic National Convention of 1884; in 
March, 1885, became Postmaster-General in the Cab- 
inet of President Cleveland. 

Villere, Jaquez ; was Major of Volunteers under 
General Jackson in the battle of New Orleans in 1814 
and 1815; was Governor of Louisiana from 1816 to 

1820. 

Vining, John; was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress from 1784 to 1786; was a Representative in 
Congress. I'rom Delaware, from 1789 to 1792; voted 
for locating the Seat of Government on the Potomac; 
was a Senator in Congress from 1795 to 1798, when 
he resigned. 

Vinton, Samuel F.; was bom at South Hadley, 
Massachusetts, September 25, 1792; graduated at 
Williams College, Massachusetts, in 1814; studied 
law in Middleton, Connecticut, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1816, when he removed to Ohio and prac 
ticed his profession with eminent success; was first 
elected a Representative in Congress in 1823, and 
served fourteen years, when he declined are-election; 
was again elected in 1843, and served eight years in 
succession, when he again declined a re-election, and 
retired to private life, where his tastes and wishes 
inclined him to remain; in 1840 was a Presidential 
Elector; in 1862 was appointed a Commissioner 
under the act emancipating the slaves in the District 
of Columbia, and died in Washington in May of that 
year. 

Voorhees, Charles Stewart; was born in 
Covington, Indiana, .Tune 4, 1853; graduated at 
Georgetown College, District of Columbia, Jnne 26, 
1873; studied law; was admitted to the baratTerre 
Haute, Indiana, in 1875, and engaged in practice; re- 
moved to Washington Territory in April, 1882, lo- 
cating at Colfa.x; was elected Prosecuting Attorney 
for Whitman Count.y, in November, 1882; served 
until .January 10, 1885; in 1884 was elected the Dele- 
gate from Washington Territory to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Voorhees, Daniel "W.; was born in Fountaiu 
County, Indiana, September 26, 1828; graduated at 
the Indiana Asbury University in 1849; read law, 
and commenced the practice in 1851; in 1858 was ap- 
pointed, by President Buchanan, United States Dis- 
trict Attorney for Indiana, which office he held three 
years; in 1859 was engaged in the defence of John E. 
Cook, at Harper's Ferry, for participation in the 
John Brown raid; in 1860 was elected a Representa- 
tive from Indiana to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Elections; was re-elect- 
ed to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the same 
Committee; occasionally, by way of relieving the 
monoton.y of professional life, was in the habit of ad- 
dressing literary societies on subjects of general in- 
terest; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Appropriations, but his 
seat was successfully contested by H. D. Washburn; 
was a Delegate to the New Y'ork Convention of 1868; 
was elected to the Forty-first Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Revision of Laws and Pacific 
Railroad; in 1877 w.as appointed a United States Sen- 
ator from Indiana for the unexpired term of O. P. 
Morton, deceased; was elected for the full term of six 
years from March 4, 1879; in 1885 was re-elected for 
a further term of six years. 

Voorhis, Charles H.; was born in Spring Val- 
ley, New Jersey. March 13, 1833; graduated at 
Rutgers' College in 1853; studied law; w.is admitted 
to practice as an attor.-ey in 1856, and as a counselor 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



519 



in 1859; ia 1888 was appointed Presiding Judge 
for Bergen County; was elected a Kepresentative 
from New Jersey to the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Voae, Roger ; graduated at Harvard University 
in 1790; was, for many years, Cliief Justice of the 
Court of Common Pleas in New Hampshire; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 
1813 to 1817. Died April 17, 1842. 

Vroom, Peter D.; was born in New Jersey in 
1791; graduated at Columbia College, New York; was 
Governor of New Jersey from 1829 to 1836; was a 
Representative in Congress from New Jersey from 
1839 to 1841; wiis a member of the "State Constitu- 
tional Convention" of 1844; in 1852 was a Presi- 
dential Elector; in 1853 was appointed Minister to 
Prussia; was a Delegate to the " Peace Congress" of 
1861. Died in Trenton, NoTember 18, 1873. 

"Waddell, Alfred Moore ; was bom in Hills- 
borough, North Carolina, September 16, 1834; gradu- 
ated at the University of North Carolina in 1853; 
studied law, and adopted that profession; was Clerk 
of the Court of Equity from 1858 untU 1861; was a 
Delegate to the National Convention at Baltimore in 
1860; edited the Wilmington Daily Herald from 1860 
to 1861; served in the Confederate Army as Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel of Cavalry; was elected to the Forty- 
second, Forty-third, and Forty-fourth Congresses, 
serving on the Committee on Manufactures ; was re- 
elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

■WaddJll, James R.; was born at Springfield' 
Jlissouri, November 22, 1842; was educated in the 
private schools and the College of his native place; 
served in the Union Army from 1861 to 1863, when 
he resigned; studied law; was admitted to the bar 
f in 1864, and commenced practice; was a member of 
the Democratic State Central Committee from 1864 
to 1872; was elected Prosecuting Attorney in 1874; 
was elected a Representative from Missouri to the 
Forty-sixth Congress. 

Wade, Benjamin P.; was born in Feeding 
Hills Parish, Massachusetts, October 27, 1800; re- 
ceived a limited education; commenced active life by 
teaching school and attending to agricultural pur- 
suits in Ohio, to which State he removed when twen- 
ty-one years of age; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1828; held the positions of Justice of 
the Peace, Prosecuting Attorney for Ashtabula Coun- 
ty, State Senator, and President of a Judicial Cir- 
cuit; in 1851 was elected a .Senator in Congress from 
Ohio, for the term ending in 1857; was twice re- 
elected, his third term cn<ling in 186;); served as 
Chairman of the Committee on Territories and of the 
Special Committee on thi; Conduct of the War, and 
as a member of the Committees on Foreign Rela- 
tions and on the District of Columbia; was also a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion " of 1866; on the meeting of the Fortieth Con- 
gress was chosen President of the Senate y^ru tcm.: in 
1869 was appointed a Commissioner for the Pacific 
Railroad Company. Died March 3, 1878. 

■Wade, Decius C; was born at Andorer, Ohio, 
January 23, 1835; was educated at Kingsville Acad- 
emy, Ohio; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 
1857, and entered upon the practice of his profession 
at Jefferson, Ohio; in 1860 was appointed County 
Judge of Ashtabula County, and was twice elected 
to that position, serving seven years; in 1869 was 
elected a State Senator, and while serving in that ca- 
pacity, in 1871, was appointed Chief .lustice of .Mon- 
t.ina; was re appointed in 1875, again re-appointed 
.a 1879, and for a fourth term in 1S83. 



Wade, Edward ; was born at West Springfield, 
Massachusetts, November 22, 1803; received a com- 
mon school education; remo\ed, with his father, to 
Andover, Ashtabula County, Ohio, in 1821, where ho 
remained until 1824, and engaged in clearing land; 
studied law in Albany and Troy, New York, and was 
admitted to the bar at Jefierson, Ohio, in 1827; was 
elected Justice of the Peace in that county; in 1833 
removed to Union ville, and remained until 1837; fin- 
ally settled in Cleveland, Ohio; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Ohio to the Thirty-third Congress; was 
three times re-elected, serving, in the Thirty-sixtli 
Congress, on the Committee on Commerce. Died in 
Cleveland, in August, 1866. 

Wade, William H.; was born in Clark County, 
Ohio, November 3, 1835; was educated in the com- 
mon schools, grammar schools, at an academy, and 
at Antioch College, Ohio; enlisted in the Union 
Army in 1861, and rose through the intermediate 
grades to Lieutenant-Colonel; was mustered out of 
service in 1866, and settled in Missouri, near Spring- 
field, as a farmer; in 1880 was elected a Representa- 
tive in the State Legislature, and was re-elected in 
1882; in 1884 was elected a Representative from Mis- 
souri to the Forty-ninth Congress. ' 

Wadleigh, Bainbridge ; was born in Bradford, 
New Hampshire, January 4, 1831; received a liberal 
education; studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1850; was a member of the State Hotist of Repre- 
sentatives for eight years between 1865 and 1.873; 
was elected to the United States Senate for the term 
commencing in 1873, and ending in 1879, serving on 
the Committees on Patents, Military Affairs, and 
Elections. 

Wads'worth, James; was a Delegate from Con- 
necticut to the Continental Congress from 1783 to 
1786. 

Wadsworth, James W.; was born at Phila- 
delphia, Pennsylvania, Urtober 12, 1&42; in 1863 
went to New Haven. Connecticut, to prepare lor col- 
lege; iu 1864 left his studies to cuter the Union 
Army as a Staft" Officer; participated in the battles 
before Petersburg, Virginia, and was brevetted ilajor 
for gallantry at the battle of Five Forks; at the close 
of the war resumed his studies at the Sheffield 
Scientific School, at New Haven, where he remained 
two years; then resumed his residence at Cene.seo, 
New York, and assumed the management ol' exten- 
sive landed estates which he had inherited ; was 
Supervisor in 1873, 1874, and 1875; was a I?epre- 
sentative in the State Legislature in 1878 and 1879; 
was Comptroller of the State from 1879 to 1881 ; in the 
latter year was elected a Representative from New 
York to the Forty-seventh Congress to fill a vacancy ; 
was re-elected to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Wadsworth, Jeremiah ; was a Delegate from 
Connecticut to the Continental Congress from 1786 
to 1788; was a Representative iu Congress from that 
Stall- from 1789 to 1895. Died in 1804, aged sixty 
years. 

Wadsw^ortli, Peleg; was born atDoxbnry, Jfas- 
sachusetts, May 6, 1748; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1769; engaged in commercial pursuits; 
joined the army as Captain of a Company of Min- 
ute Men, at Roxburv, in the beginning oi' the war, 
and by his skiU and courage rose rapidly in the ser- 
vice; w;is second in command of the forces sent to 
Penobscot by Massachusetts in 1799, on which oc- 
casion he displayed great courage, and was taken 
prisoner; nise to the rank of Brigadier-neneml; 
after the war, in 1784, established himself in Port- 



520 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



land, Maine, in mercantile business; was employetl 
much in surveying, in which he was quite skillful; 
in 1792 was elected a Senator in the Legislature of 
JIassachusetts; in the same year was chosen the first 
Representative in Congress from his District; was 
successively re-elected until 18'I6, when he declined a 
further nomination; in 1798 the citizens of Portland 
gave him a public dinner in approbation of his eon- 
duct as their Representative; in 1807 removed to 
the County of (Ixford, Maine, to improve a large 
tract of land granted to him by' the Government for 
his services; here he passed the remainder of his 
days in retirement, enjoying the respect of a large 
circle of friends and fellow-citizens. Died in 1829. 

Wadsworth, Williain H.; was born at Mays- 
ville, Ma.sou Couuty, Kentucky, .July 4, 1831; came 
of the old family of Wadsworths who founded the 
City of Hartford, Connecticut; received his education 
at the Maysville .'Seminary and the August.i College 
of Kentucky; adopted the profession of the law; was 
a member of the State Senate of Kentucky in 1853 
and 1855; was a Presidential Elector in 18H0, presid- 
ing over the Electoral College; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Kentucky to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving oft the Committee on Naval Affairs; 
was re-elected tn tlie Thirty-eighth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Public Lands and the Joint 
Committee on the Library; after leaving Congress, 
was appointed a member of the Mexican Claims 
Commission; in 1884 was elected a Rejiresentative 
from Kentucky to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

"Wag-ener, David D.; was bom in Pennsyl- 
vania; was a merchant, and for many years President 
of the Ea.ston Bank; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1-^33 to 1841. Died at 
Easton, Pennsylvania, October 1, 1860. 

"Wag-gamann, George A.; was Secretary of 
the State of Louisiana under three administrations; 
held various other public positions; was a Senator in 
Congress from 1831 to 1835. Died at New Orleans, 
March 23, 1843, from the etfects of a wound received 
in a duel, aged fifty- three years. 

Wagner, Peter J.; was born in New York; was 
a Representative in Cougre.ss from that State from 
1839 to 1841. 

"Wait, John Ttirner; was born at New Lon- 
don, Connecticut, August 27. 1811; received a mer- 
cantile training in early life, and was two years a 
student at Trinity College; studied law; was admit- 
ted to practice in 1836 and settled at Norwich, Con- 
necticut; was State's Attorney for the couuty of New 
London from 1842 to 1844, and from 1840 'to 1854; 
was an unsuccessful candidate for Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor in 1854, 18.55, 1856, and 1857; was a Presiden- 
tial Elector in 18!)4; was a State Senator in 18 ;5 and 
1866; President pro Iciii. the latter year; was a Rep- 
rasentative in the State Legislature in 1867, 1871 and 
1873, serving the lirst year as Speaker; was an uu- 
succe.ssful candidate for Lieutenant-Governor in 1874; 
was elected a Representative from Connecticut to the 
Forty-fourth Congress, to till the vacancy caused by 
the death of H. H. Starkweather, taking his seat 
April 12, 1876; was re-elected to the Forty-tifth, For- 
ty-sixth. Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, ami Forty- 
ninth Congresses. 

Waite, Charles B.; was born in New York; re- 
moved to Illinois, from which State he w;>s ap- 
pointed an A.ssociate .Judge of tUe United States 
Court tor the Territory of Utah, residing at Salt Lake 
City. 



"Waite, Morrison R.; was born in Lyme, Con- 
necticut, November 29, 1816; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1837; studied law in his native place with 
his father, then a .Judge of the Supreme Court of 
Errors; removed to Ohio in 1838; was admitted to the 
bar in 18.'!9; practiced his profession from that date 
until 1874 iu Manmee City and Toledo; in 1849 was 
elected to the State Legislature; in 1871 was one of 
the Counsel of the United States before the Tribunal 
of Arbitration at Geneva, under the treaty of Wash- 
ington; in 1873 was unanimously elected a member 
of the Convention to Amend the Constitution of 
Ohio, and was made its President; in January, 1874, 
was nominated and confirmed as Chief Justice of the 
Supreme Court of the United States, taking the oath 
of office on the 4th day of the following March; in 
1875, when some of his friends in Ohio proposed that 
he should consent to be a candidate for the Presi- 
dency, he wrote a letter declining the honor, and his 
opinions on the subject were universally applauded 
throughout the country. 

"Wakefield, J. B. ; was born in Connecticut in 
1828; graduated from Trinity College; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in Ohio; commenced 
practice in Indiana; removed to Minnesota in 1854; 
was a member of the first State Legislature of Min- 
nesota in 1857; was again a member of the Legisla- 
ture in 1865, and was elected .Speaker; was a Stat« 
Senator in 1867, 1868, and 1869; in the latter year 
was appointed Receiver of the United States Land 
Office at Winneb.ago City; resigned in 1875, and was 
elected Lieutenant-Governor of Minnesota; was a 
Delegate to the Republican National Conventions of 
1868 and 1876; was elected a Representative from 
Minnesota to the Forty-eighth Congress; was re- 
elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

"Wakely, Ebenezer ; was born in New York ; 
.settled in Wisconsin; was appointed an Associate 
Justice of the United States Court for the Territory 
of Nebraska. 

"Wakeman, Abraham; was born at Fairfield. 
Connecticut, May 31. Is24: received a district school 
education; when si.xteen years of age removed to 
New Roclielle, New York, and taught .school; subse- 
quently attended an academy in Herkimer County 
as a pupil, a part of the time working on a farm to 
pay his expenses; then went into the wilderne.ss, 
and took charge of a. saw-mill; after that went into 
the business of selling books by subscription, travel- 
ing through much of the Union; in 1844 commenced 
the study of law in Herkimer County. New York; 
went to New York City in 1846; was admitted to 
the bar in 1847; in 1850 was elected to the Legisla- 
ture; was re-elected in 1851; in 1854 was elected an 
Alderman in Now York, serving two years; in 1856 
was elected a Representative to the Thirty-fifth 
Congress: also frequently served as a member of 
State Conventions. 

"Walbridge, David S.; was born at Benning- 
ton, Vermont, .Inly 30, 1802; received his education 
from the common schools of the vicinity; devoted 
himself to the various employments of the farmer, 
the merchant, and the miller; removed "to Michigan 
in 1812; was elected a Representative in Congress 
from that State in 1854, and served until 1859. 
Died at Kalamazoo, .June 15, 1868". 

"Walbridge, Henry S.; was a Representative in 
Congress lioni New York, from 1851 to 1 853. 

"Walbridge, Hiram ; was born at Ithaca. Tomp- 
kins County, N,iw York, February 2, 1821; com- 



B 1 G K A P H I C A L ANNALS. 



521 



menccd life by learninjc the trade of a mechanic; 
subsequently received a good education at the Ohio 
University ; Vfhen twenty-three years of age was 
elected a Brigadier-General of tlie Ohio Militia; re- 
moving to New York City, was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress from New York, serving from 18.')3 
to 1855; in 1865 was President of the "Commercial 
Convention " held in Detroit: was a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866. Died 
in New York City, December 6, 1870. 

"Walcott, C. P.; was Assistant Secretary of War 
during a part of the Kebellion. 

Walden, Hiram; was born in Rutland County, 
Vermont, August 29, 1800; received a limited educa- 
tion; removed, with his father, to New York; de- 
voted himself to the business of cloth-dressing and 
wool-carding; took an interest in military aft'airs, and 
attained the office of Major-(!eneral of Militia; in 1836 
was elected to the State Legislature; in 1842 was 
elected a Supervisor in the County of Schoharie; was 
a Representative in Congress from New York from 
1849 to 18.51. 

"Walden, Madison M.; was born in Adams 
County, Ohio, October 6, 1836; was educated at the 
Denmark Academy; graduated at the Wesleyan Uni- 
versity, Ohio, in i85;i; studied law; served in the 
Union Army from 1861 to 18(i.5, as Captain of Infantry 
and Cavalry; had charge of a newspaper at Centre- 
ville, Iowa; was a member of the House of Repre- 
sentatives of Iowa in 1866 and 18()7; was a member 
of the State Senate in 1868 and 1869; was Lieuten- 
ant-Governor of Iowa in 1M70; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Iowa to the Forty-second Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Patents. 

"Waldo, H. Li.; in .lanuary, 1876, was appointed 
Chief .Justice of the United States Court for the Ter- 
ritory of New Mexico. 

"Waldo, Lorin P.; was born at Canterbury, 
■\\'indham Coimty, Connecticut, February 2, 1802; 
received a thorough English education in the com- 
mon schools, -and pursued the study of the chissics to 
some extent under private instructors; read law, and 
was admitted to practice in the courts of the State of 
Connecticut, in September, 1825; located in Tolland 
County, Connecticut, where he was State's Attorney 
from iH!7 to 1849; was, for two years. Judge of the 
Court of Probate in his district, and six years a mem- 
ber of the Legislature of his State; in April, 1849, 
was elected to the Thirty-first Congress; in 1852 was 
elected Commissioner of the School Fund of Connecti- 
cut; in March. 1853, was appointed, by President 
Pierce, Commissioner of Pensions; in ,Iune, 1855, was 
elected, by the Legislature of Connecticut, to the 
office of Judge of the Supreme Court; was a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia "Natiowil Union Convention" 
of 1866. 

"Waldron, Henry; was born at Albany. New 
York, October 11, 1819; graduated at Rutgers Col- 
lege. New Brunswick. New Jersey, in July, 1836; 
became a civil engineer by profession; was elected to 
the Legislature of Michigan in 1843; .served as a Rep- 
resentative in Congress during the years 1855, 1856, 
1857, and 1858. and n as a member of the Committee 
on Mileage; was also elected to the Thirty-sLxth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Territories; was 
elected a Representative to the Forty-second, Forty- 
third, and Forty-fourth Congresses, serving on the 
Committees on Banking, and ^Vays and Means, and 
Chairman of that on Mining. 



"Wales, George E.; was born in Wyndham 
County, Vermont; served six years in the State Leg- 
islature, and was Speaker in 1823 and 1S21; was a 
Representative in Congress from V'ermont from 182.5 
to 1829; was Jndge of Probate for Harttbrd County 
from 1843 to 1848. 

"Wales, John ; was a Senator in Congress from 
Delaware from 1849 to 1851, in place of John M. 
Clayton, resigned. Died December 3, 1863. 

"Wales, Leonard E.; was bom at "Wilmington, 
Delaware, November 26, 1823; received a classical 
educition, graduating from Yale College in 1845; 
studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and 
entered upon the practice of law at Wilmington, Del- 
aware; in 1864 was appointed Judge of the Superior 
Court of Delaware for New Castle County; continued 
in this position until March 20, 1884, when lie re- 
signed to accept the appointment of United States 
District Judge for the District of Delaware, which 
had been tendered him by President Cleveland. 

"Walker, Amasa ; was born in Woodstock, Con- 
necticut, May 4, 1799; received a common school 
education; engaged in mercantile business; in 1842 
became Professor of Political Economy at the Oherlin 
College, Ohio; in 1843 visited Europe as a Delegate to 
the Peace Congress; went on the same mission in 
1849; was a member of the State Legislature in 1849; 
was a State Senator in 1850 ; was Secretary of State 
in 1851 and 1852; was a member of the "State Con- 
stitutional Convention" of 1853; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Massachusetts to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, for the unexpired term of G. F. Bailey, de- 
ceased; was a Presidential Elector in 1860; was a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1866; was the author of a work ou the 
"Science of Wealth." Died at North Brooklield, 
Massachusetts, October 29, 1875. He was the iiither 
of F. A. Walker, formerly at the head of the Census 
Bureau in Washiugton. 

"Walker, Benjamin ; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1801 to 1803. 

"Walker, Charles M. ; was born in Ohio; in 
1863 was appointed, from Indiana. Fifth Auditor ol 
the Treasury, serving until 1869. 

"Walker, O. O. B.; was born at Drewsville, 
Cheshire County, New Hampshire. .Tune 27, 1824; 
was educated at the Kimball and Keene Union 
Acaderiiies; removed to Corning. New York; was 
made Supervisor of the town; wa.s Postmaster o( 
Corning from 1856 to 1860; w,as a Delegate to the 
"CharlesKm Convention" of that year; was an As- 
sistant Quartermaster-General at Elmira in 1861 ; was 
Delegate to the "Baltimore Convention" of 1872; 
was, for twenty-two years, a member of the New 
York State Democratic Central Committee; in 1874 
was elected a Representative from New York to the 
Forty • fourth Congress. 

"Walker, David ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Kentucky from 1817 to 1820. Died 
March 1. 1820, having sent a request to ( 'ongress that 
his death should not be officially noticed, which re- 
quest was complied with. 

"Walker, David S.; was Governor of Florida 
from 1866 to H68. 

"Walker, Felix ; was born in Hampshire County, 
Virginia, .Inly 19. 1753; w;is the friend and cora- 
paiiiou of Daniel Hoone, when he explored Kentucky 
and founded Boonsborough; served as a soldier in tb« 



522 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



"Indian wars in the Carolinas; settled in Tryon Coun- 
ty, North Carolina; was, for many years, in tiie State 
Legislature; was a Representative in Congress from 
North Carolina from 181T to 1823; subseqiiently re- 
moved to the State of Mississippi. Died there in 
1830. 

"Walker, Francis ; wa.s a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia from 1793 to 1795. 

"Walker, Francis Amaaa ; was born in Bos- 
ton, Ma.ssachusetts, July 2, 1840; removed, with his 
father, to North Brookiield, Massachusetts, in 1^43; 
graduated at Amherst College in 1860; began the 
study of law; was made Sergeant-Major of the 
Fifteenth Massachusetts Regiment in 1861; was, the 
same year, promoted to Assistant Adjutant-General 
of Couch's Brigade; In 18(J2 became Adjutant-Gen- 
eral of Couch's Division; in 1863 was Colonel on the 
.Staff of the Second Army Corps; was Brevet Brig- 
adier-General in 1865; served in the .\rmy of the Po- 
tomac; was wounded at Chaneellorsville; was made 
prisoner at Ream's Station; was confined in Libby 
Prison; was exchanged in 1865; taught, for two 
years, in Williston Seminary; was, for one year, edi- 
tor of the Springfield Rrptihlicnn; then took charge of 
the Bureau of Statistics at Washington; was Superin- 
tendent of the Census of 1870; in 1871 was appointed 
Commissioner of Indian Affairs; was subsequently 
r.ppointed Professor at Yale College; was again Su- 
perintendent of the Census Bureau, during the tak- 
ing of the Census of 1880. 

"Walker, Freeman ; was a Senator in Congress 
from Georgia from 1819 to 1821, and resigned. 

"Walker, George ; was a Senator in Congress 
from Kentucky from 1814 to 1815, by appointment 
of the Governor, and was succeeded by W. T. Barry, 
elected by the Legislature. 

"Walker, G-ilbert C; was born at Bingham ton, 
New York, August 1, 1832; entered Williams Col- 
lege, Massachusetts; in 1854 graduated at Hamilton 
College, New York; came to the bar, and settled at 
Owego; in 1858 was a member of the "Democratic 
Convention"; in 1859 removed to Chicago, Illinois, 
there practicing law and participating in politics; in 
1864 went to Norfolk, Virginia; very soon became 
President of the E.xchange National Bank; held 
other positions of honor and trust; subsequently set- 
tled in Richmond; in 1869 was elected Governor of 
Virginia by an unprecedented miijority, serving four 
years; was elected a Representative from Virginia to 
the Forty-fourth Congress; in December, 1875, was 
appointed Chairman of the Committee on Education 
and Labor; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Con- 
gress. Died May 11, 1885. 

"Walker, Henderson ; was a lawyer. Judge nf 
the Supreme Court, and President of the Council, 
and introduced important reforms in the .ludiciary; 
was Governor of North Carolina from 1699 until his 
death. Died April 14, 1704, aged forty-four years. 

"Walker, Isaac P.; was a Presidential Elector in 
1841; was a Senator in Congress from Wisconsin, 
from 1848 to 1855, and Chairman of the Committee 
on Revolutionary Claims. 

Walker, James D.; was born in Logan County, 
Kentucky, December 13, 1830; was educated at 
private schools, and at Ozark Institute, Arkansas, to 
which State he removed in 1847; studied law; was 
admitted to the bar in 1850, and commenced practice 
at Fayetteville, Arkansas; served in the Confederate 
Axmy as a Colonel; was Solicitor General of the 



State for a time; was a Presidential Elector in 1876; 
in 1879 took his seat as a Senator of the United 
States from Arkansas for the term of six years. 

"Walker, John ; was a Senator in Congress from 
Virginia during the year 1790, by appointment, but 
was superseded by J. Monroe; was one of those who 
voted for locating the Seat of Government on the 
Potomac. 

"Walker, John H.; was a native of Pennsyl- 
vania; was appointed a Judge of the United States 
Court for the District of Pennsylvania. 

Walker, John "W.; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1806; was a Senator in Congress from 
Alabama, from 1819 to 1822; resigned on account of 
ill-health; it is said that he sometimes addressed the 
Senate when it was thought he would die before 
completing his remarks. I)ied in April, 1823. 

"Walker, Joseph ; was elected Governor of 
Louisiana in 1850, and held the office until 1854. 

"Walker, Percy ; was born near Huntsville, 
Alabama; received an academic education; in 1835 
graduated in the medical department of the Univers- 
ity of Pennsylvania, and removed to Mobile; served 
as an officer in a Volunteer company during the 
Creek War; afterwards studied law as a profession, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1842; was elected, 
by the Legislature, to the office of State's Attorney 
for the Sixth Judicial Circuit, which he held four 
years; in 1839, 1847, and 1853 represented Mobile 
County in the General Assembly; in 1855 was 
elected a Representative from Alabama to the Thirty- 
fourth Congress; at the next election declined being 
a c^andidate, and resumed the practice of law. 

"Walker, Robert J.; was born in Northumber- 
land, Pennsylvania, July 19, 1801 ; entered the Uni- 
versity of Pennsylvania, in Philadelphia, where he 
graduated in 1819; on leaving College settled in 
Pittsburgh; studied law, and was admitted to prac- 
tice in 1821; interested himself in politics at a very 
early period, and became Chairman of the Democratic 
Committee, during a State election, when only twen- 
ty-two years of age; a year or two later took part in 
the movement in favor of nominating General Jack- 
son to the Presidency, and was instrumental in 
bringing about the action of the " Harrisburg Con- 
vention " which nominated Jackson for that office in 
1824; in the spring of 1826 removed to the State of 
Mississippi; uniformly refused political office until 
1836, when he was chosen a Senator in Congress, 
serving until 1845; in that body was one of the 
leaders of his party; in March, 1845, on President 
Polk's accession to office, was called upon to take 
charge of the Treasury Department, which he ad- 
ministered for four years; subsequently visited En- 
gland, where he met with flattering attentions; after 
having been, for some years, out of politics, was ap- 
pointed, by President Buchanan, in 1857, Governor 
of the Territory of Kansas, which office he re- 
signed; in 1863 again went to Europe and negotiated 
bonds of the Government to the amount of two hun- 
dred and fifty millions of dollars; his financial writ- 
ings were numerous and highly appreciated; was a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia " National I'nion Con- 
vention " of 1860, Died in Washington. .Vovember 
11, 1869. 

"Walker, Robert J. C; was born in Chester 
County, Pennsylvania, October 20, 1838; graduated 
at Dane Hall, Harvard University, in 1858; \vas ad- 
mitted to the bar at Philadelphiain 1859; was elected 
a District School Director; twice elected a member 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



o2» 



of tlie City Council; was, for «ome time, editor and 
proprietor of The Saturday Evening Post newspaper; 
in 1878 removed to Williamsport, Pennsylvania, and 
engaged in the Inmber and coal business; was elected 
a Representative from I'ennsylvania to the Forty-sev- 
enth Congress. 

Walker, "William A.; was born in New Hamp- 
shire; was a Representative in Congress from New 
Tork Iroin 1853 to 1855. Died in New York, De- 
cember 18, 1S61. 

Wall, Garret D.; was born in Monmouth Coun- 
ty, New Jersey, March 10, 1783; received an aca- 
demic education; in 1798 commenced the study of 
law at Trenton; in 1804 was licensed as an Attorney, 
and in 1807 as Counselor-at-law; was appointed 
Clerk of the State Supreme Court in 1812, which 
office he held for five years; commanded a Volunteer 
Company at the defense of Sandy Hook in the War 
of 1812; was Quartermaster-General of the State from 
1815 to 1837; in 1827 was elected to the General As- 
sembly; in 1859 was appointed United States Dis- 
trict Attorney for New Jersey ; the same year was 
elected, by the Legislature, Governor of the State, 
but declined the office; was a member of the United 
Slates Senate from 1835 to 1841; in 1843 his health 
was greatly impaired by a stroke of paralysis; in 
1848 was appointed Judge of the Court of Errors and 
Appeals, which office he occupied until his death, 
which occurred in Burlington, New Jersey, Novem- 
ber 22, 1850. His disease was dropsy on the chest. 

Wall, James W.; was born at Trenton, New 
Jersey, in 1820; graduated at Princeton College in 
1839; studied law, and commenced to practice in 
Trenton; his first public position was that of Com- 
missioner of Bankruptcy; in 1847 settled in Burling- 
ton, and devoted some attention to literary pursuits: 
in 1850 was elected Mayor of Burlington; in 1854 
visited Europe, and published a volume, entitled 
"Foreign Etchings; or. Visits to the Old World's 
Pleasant Places " ; during tlie early part of the War 
of the Rebellion wrote against the administration in 
power, for interfering with the freedom of the press; 
was imprisoned for a few weeks, in Fort Lafayette, 
and on his release was welcomed home with great 
enthusiasm by his fellow-citizens; in January, 1863, 
was elected a Senator in Congress from New Jersey, 
for the unexpired term of John W. Thompson, de- 
oeased. Died June 9, 1873. 

Wall, William; was born in Philadelphia, 
March 20, 1801; served seven years as an apprentice 
to a ropemaker; removed to Kings County, Long 
Island, in 1822, where he followed his business ot 
ropemakingso successfully that when he relinquished 
it, in 1856, he had acquired a large fortune; while 
thus engaged in active l>usiness was called upon to 
fill a great number of loc;il offices, such as Commis- 
Bioner of Highways, School Trustee, Supervisor, 
Commissioner of Water-works, etc. ; in 1860 was 
elected a Representative from New York to the Thir- 
ty-seventh Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Revolutionary ( laims, and E.xpciiditures on Public 
Buildings; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loy- 
alists' Convention" of 1866. 

Wallace, Alexander S.; was born in York 
County, South Carolina, December 30, 1810; received 
a liberal education; was a planter; was appointed a 
magistrate in 1838, and re-appointed until 1853; was 
elected a member of the Legislature, in 18.52, as a 
Union candidate, in opposition to all secession 
movements; was again elected in 1865; was appointed 
Internal Revenue Collector in It^fJC, whicli position 



he held until elected to the Forty-first Congress; was 
re-elected to the Forty-second, Forty-third, and For- 
ty-lburth Congresses, serving on the Committees on 
Invalid Pensions, Accounts, and Revolutionary Pen- 
sions. 

Wallace, Daniel ; was born in South Carolina; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1847 to 1853. 

Wallace, David ; was born in Philadelphia, 
April 4, 1799; graduated at West Point in 1821, and 
served for a time as Professor of Mathematics; ia 
1828 was a member of the Indiana Legislature; was 
elected Lieutenant-Governor of the State in 1830 
and in 1833; was Governor of the State from 1837 to 
1840; was a Representative in Congress, from In- 
diana, from 1841 to 1843; subsequently was Prosecut- 
ing Attorney for the State; was a member of the 
"State Constitutional Convention"; in 1856 was 
elected Judge of the Court of Common Pleas at In- 
dianapolis, where he died, September 5, 1859. 

Wallace, James M. ; was born in Dauphin 
County, Pennsylvania; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1815 to 1821; it is said 
he always protested ag.iinst the initial M. in his 
name, but never got rid of it in the Journals of Con- 
gress. 

Wallace, John W.; was born at Beaver Falls, 
Pennsylvania, December 20, 1818; received a classical 
education; studied medicine, and graduated at Jef- 
ferson Medical College in 1846; located at Darling- 
ton, Pennsylvania; removed to Newcastle, Pennsyl- 
vania, in 1850, and acquired an extensive practice; 
was, several times, a Delegate to State and National 
Conventions; in 1860 was elected a Repre-sentative 
from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-seventh Congress; 
was re-nominated in 1862, but was defeated; in 1863 
was appointed Paymaster in the Army, and served 
until the close of the war; in 1870 was a Presidential 
Elector; in 1874 was elected a Representative from 
Pennsylvania to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Wallace, Jonathan H.; was born in Colum- 
biana County, Ohio, in 1828; was educated at Wash- 
ington College, Pennsylvania; studied law; was ad- 
iiiitted to the bar, and engaged in the practice of law 
at New Lisbon, Ohio, in 1851; was elected Prosecut- 
ing Attorney of Columbiana County; was re-elected 
in 1853; was elected a Representative from Ohio tO' 
the Forty-eighth Congress; the certificate of election 
having been issued to William McKinley, Mr. Wal- 
lace contested the election, and was finally awarded 
h is seat by the House of Representatives. 

Wallace, Le'WJs; was born at Brock ville, In- 
diana, in 18:i><; received a good education: studied 
law; was admitted to the bar, and engaged in the 
practice of law at Crawfordsville, Indiana, where he 
lonlinued, thereafter, to reside; served as a Lieuten- 
ant in the First Regiment of Indiana Volunteers 
during the war with Mexico; after its close, resumed 
tlie practice of his profession; served one term as a 
State Senator; at tiie outbreak of the Civil War was 
appointed .\dj utant-General of Indiana; soon after 
became Colonel of a Regiment of Zouaves, with 
which he engaged in active service; afterwards was 
appointed Colonel of the Eleventh Regiment of In- 
diana Volunteers; in September, 1861, was commis- 
sioned a Brigadier-General; in Manh, 1862, was 
promoted to Major-General for conspicuous gallantry 
it the capture of Fort Donel.son; was United State's 
Minister to Paraguay; was Governor of t he Territory 



524 



biul;kaphical annals. 



of New Mexico from 1878 to 1881; in 1882 was ap- 
pointed United States Minister to Turkey, serving 
until 1885. 

"Wallace, William A.; was born at Clearfield, 
Pennsylvania, November 28, 1827; studied law, and 
came to the bar in 1847; in 1862 was elected to the 
State Senate, and served, by re-elections, until 1871, 
■when he was made Speaker of that body ; frequently 
served as chairman of political conventions; was 
elected a Senator in Congress for the term commenc- 
ing in 1875. and ending in 1881. 

Wallace, William H.; was born in Miami 
County, Ohio, .Inly 17, 1><11; passed his early life in 
Indiana; removed to Iowa in ]8:!7; was elected to 
the State Legislature of Iowa, and served as Speaker, 
and also as I'resident of the State Council ; was ap- 
pointed, by President Taylor. Receiver of Public 
Moneys at Fairfield, Iowa; removed to Washington 
Territory in 1853; served several sessions in the Ter- 
ritorial Legislature; in 1861 was appointed, by 
President Lincoln, Governor of Washington Terri- 
tory; was elected a Delegate therefrom to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress; was appointed the first Governor 
of Idaho Territory; was re-elected to the Thirty- 
•eighth Congress as a Delegate from Idaho; was a 
member of the National Committee to accompany 
the remains of President Lincoln to Illinois; was a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "National Union Con- 
vention" of 1866. 

W^allace, W. J.; was born at Syracuse, New 
York, April 14, 1838; received a classical education 
by a private tutor; studied law; was graduated from 
the Law School of Hamilton College, and admitted 
to the bar in .Inly, 18.">y; was Mayor of .Syracuse in 
1873 and 1874; was appointed United States District 
.Judge for the Northern District of New York in 1874; 
received the honorary degree of LL. D. from Hamilton 
College in 1875, and from Syracuse University in 1882; 
in the latter year was appointed United States Cir- 
cuit Judge for the Second Judicial Circuit. 

Waller, Thomas M.; was born in New York 
City in 1839; received an academic education; re- 
moved to Connecticut; studied law, and was admit- 
ted to the bar in 1861 ; engaged in practice at New 
London. Connecticut; was a Representative in the 
State Legi-slature in 1867, 1868, 1872 and 1876; was 
Speaker of the House daring the latter term; was 
Secretary of State in 1870; was State's Attorney from 
1876 until January, 1883, when he resigned to enter 
upon the duties of Governor of Connecticut, to 
which office he had been elected the previous Novem- 
ber for the term of two years. 

Walley, Samuel H.; was born in Boston, Mas- 
sachusetts, August 31, 1805; fitted himself for col- 
lege at Andover Academy; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1826; studied law; officiated for twen- 
ty years as Treasurer of a savings bank in Boston for 
the benefit of the seamen; was also, for a long time 
Treasurer of a railroad in Vermont, and one in New 
York; was also a member of the State Legislature fo^ 
eiglit sessions, and Speaker of the House for two 
years; was a Representative in Congress from 1853 to 
1855; on his return from Washington was the Whig 
candidate lor Governor of Massachusetts, but was de- 
feated; was a Bank Commissioner in 1858; in 1859 
became President of the Revere Bank, of Boston. 

Walling, Ansel T.; was born in Otsego County, 
New York, .lanuary 10, 1824; removed, with his elder 
brother, to Erie, Pennsylvania, in 1833; received an 
«!ademic education; learned the printing trade; re- 



moved to Ohio in 1843 and was editor of the Mahon- 
ing Index and Coshocton Democrat, and, for a time, 
of the Keokuk Daili/ Tiinex in Iowa; in 1851 was ap- 
pointed a Clerk in the Ohio Legislatuie; was admit- 
ted to the bar in 1852; was a Delegate to the National 
Democratic Convention of 18.56 from Iowa; in 1863 
resumed the practice of his profession at Circleville, 
Ohio; in 1865 was elected to the State Senate; in 
1867 was elected to the State Assembly and made 
Speaker; in 1874 was elected a Representative from 
Ohio to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Walls, Josiah T.; was born in Winchester, Vir- 
ginia, December 30, 1842; received a good education; 
was elected a member of the State Constitutional 
Convention in 1868; was a member of the State Leg- 
islature in 1868; was a member of the State Senate 
in 1869; was elected to the Forty-second Congress, 
but his seat was successfully contested by Silas L. 
Niblack. 

"Wain, Robert ; was a prominent merchant in 
Philadelphia; was a member of Congress from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1798 to 1801, first for the unexpired 
term of John Swanwick, and was then re-elected. 
Died January 24, 1836, aged seventy-one years. 

W^alsh, Mike ; was born in Yanghull, Ireland; 
came to this country when a child; spent his boyhood 
as a wanderer; conducted a paper in New York called 
the Subterriiiiean, in which he published certain libels, 
for which he was imprisoned two years; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from New York from 1853 to 
1855; subsequently visited Europe and Mexico; on 
March 17, 1859, was found dead in the yard of a pub- 
lic house in New York. The cause of his death is 
unknown. 

Walsh, M. Robert ; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was the son of Robert Walsh, the author; in 1841 
was appointed Secretary of legation to Brazil, where 
he remained until 1847; between 1848 and 1850 
acted in the same capacity, and also as Charge d' Af- 
faires to Costa Rica; in 1852 was instructed as a 
Special Envoy to obtain a settlement of disputes be- 
tween Costa Rica and Nicaragua in regard to the 
boundaries which were obstacles to the commence- 
ment of the canal across the latter country, after 
which he returned to the United States. 

Walsh, Thomas Y.; was a native of Maryland; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1851 to 1853. 

Walsh, William ; was born in Ireland, May 11, 
1828; emigrated to this country in 1842; was edu- 
cated chiefi.y at St. Mary's College, in Maryland ; 
studied law in New York and Virginia, and came to 
the bar in the latter State in 18.50; .settled for the 
practice of his profession at Cumberland, Maryland, 
in 1H52; was a Presidential Elector in 1860, and also 
in 1H72; was a member of the Maryland Con.stitu- 
tional Convention of 1867; in 1874 was elected a 
Representative to the Forty-fourth Congress; was re- 
elected to the Forty -fifth Congress. 

Walthall, Ed'ward Gary ; was born at Rich- 
mond, Virginia, April 4, 1831; removed, with his 
parents, to Holly Springs, Mississippi, in 1838; re- 
ceived an academic education at that place; in 1849 
left school, and was employed as a copyist in the 
office of the County Clerk for one .year; studied law; 
was admitted to the bar in 1852, and settled at 
Coffe.vville, Yalobasha County, Mississippi, in the 
practice of law; in 1856 was elected District .\ttorney 
of the Tenth Judicial District of Mississippi; was re- 
elected, without opposition, in 18.59; in .\pril, 1861, 



blOGRAFHlCAL ANNALS. 



525 



resigned and ente ed the Confederate Army as a 
Lieutenant in the Fifteenth Mississippi Regiment; 
was soon nfterwsirds elected Lieutenant-Colonel; in 
April, 1862, was elected Colonel of the Twenty-ninth 
Mississ -ppi Regiment; in December, 1862, was pro- 
moted a lirigaiUer-General; in June, 1864, was com- 
missione.l a Major-General; served in the Army of 
the West, under Generals Bragg, Hood, and John- 
son; after the close of the Civil War resumed the 
practice of his profession at Coffey ville, Mississippi; 
in 18G8 was a Delegate to the Democratic National 
Convention, and was one of its Vice-Presidents; in 
1871 removed to Grenada, Mississippi, where he 
C( ainued the practice of law; was Chairman of the 
Mississipi)i Delegations to the Democratic National 
Conventions of 187ti, 1880, and 1884; in March, 1885, 
was appointed United States Senator from Missis- 
sippi, to (ill the vacancy occasioned by the elevation 
of L. Q. C. Lamar to the post of Secretary of the 
Interior; in January, 1886, was elected to that posi- 
tion, by the Legislature, for the remainder of the un- 
expired term, ending March 3, 1889. 

■Walton, Charles "W.; was born in Mexico, Ox- 
ford County, Maine, December 9, 1819; was bred a 
printer; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1843; in 1847 was elected Attorney for Oxford Coun- 
ty, which office he held for four years; removing to 
Androscoggin County, in 1855, was elected Attorney 
for that County in 1857, which office he held until 
1860, when he was elected a Representative from 
Maine to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Private Land Claims; in May, 
186'2, resigned his seat in Congress, and was appoint- 
ed, by the Governor, a Judge of the Supreme Court 
of Maine. 

Walton, E. P.; was born in Montpelier, Ver- 
mont, February 17, 1812; studied law, but was a 
practical printer and editor; lor several years edited 
the Vermont ]\'alchman: served in the State Legisla- 
ture, as a Representative, one term; was then elected 
a Representative to the Thirty-fifth Congress, and 
was a member of the Committee on Public Expendi- 
tures; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty- 
seventh Congresses, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Claims, and Chairman of that on Printing; 
was also a Delegate to the " Baltimore Convention" 
of 1864, and to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1866; after leaving Congress, resumed the 
editorship of his journal in Montpelier, Vermont. 

■Walton, George ; was born in Virginia in 1740; 
served an apprenticeship to the carpenter's trade, 
after the expiration of which he removed to Georgia; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1774; 
was one of the four individuals who called a public 
meeting at Savannah in 1774, to concert measures for 
the defen.se of the country; was one of tlu; Commit- 
tee who prepared a petition to the king, and drew up 
the patriotic resolutions adopted on that occasion; 
was active in promoting the Revolution at home; in 
1776 was a Delegate to Congress from Georgia, and a 
Signer of the Declaration of Independence and the 
Articles of Confederation ; when the enemy attacked 
Savannah he was dangerously wounded, and taken 
prisoner, but was released in 177!); the same year was 
chosen Governor of the State; in 1780 was again sent 
U) Congress; in 1783 was appointed Chief Justice of 
the State; in 1787 was a Delegate to the Convention 
for framingtheCoTi.^ititution of the United States, but 
declined taking his seat: in 1789 was a Presidential 
Elector; in 1793 was again .fudge of the Supreme 
Court; in 1795 was elected to succeed James Jackson 
as a Senator in Congre-ss, but was superseded by J. 
Tatnall. Died February 2, 1804. 



■Walton, Matthe^w ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Kentucky from 1803 to 1807, and » 
Presidential Elector in 1809. Died January 18, 
1819. 

■WalvTOrth, Reuben Hyde; was born at 

Bozrah, Connecticut, in October, 1789; passed his 
boyhood on a I'arm, and had few advantages of edu- 
cation; commenced the study of law at the age of 
seventeen, and when twenty was admitte<i to prac- 
tice; when twenty-two was licensed as an attorney of 
the Supreme Court of New York; settled at Platts- 
burg. New York, in 1811: held, successively, the 
olHces of Master in Chancery, officer of militia dur- 
ing the siege of I'lattsburg in 1814, and Adjutant- 
General of the combined forces, having as such par- 
ticipated in the battles of Beekmanstown and Pike's 
Cantonment; was a member of the House of Repre- 
sentatives during the Seventeenth Congress; declined 
a re-election; was appointed a Circuit .Judge in 1823; 
in 1828 was made Chancellor of the State of New 
York, which ofli<e he held tor twenty years, when 
the office was abolished; his opinions as Chancellor 
were published in fourteen volumes, while his other 
opinions occupy as many more; from Yale College he 
received the degree of LL. D. Died in Saratoga, 
November 28, 1867. 

■Ward, Aaron; was born at Sing Sing, New- 
York, July 5, 1790; wa^ educated at Mount Pleas- 
ant Academy, and adopted the profession of the law; 
in 1814 served in the regulararmy as a Captain; was, 
for a time after the war. District Attorney for the 
County of Westchester; subsequently attained the 
position of Major-General of the New York Jlilitia; 
served as a Representative in Congress from 1825 to 
1829, from 1831 to 1837, and from 1841 to 1843; in 
1846 was a Delegate to the "State Constitutional 
Convention "; in 18.")3 visited Europe, where he spent 
two years, and on his return published a book of 
travels; while in Congress, and after his retirement, 
he did all in his power to secure a good education for 
the children of soldiers. Died in Georgetown, Dis- 
trict of Columbia, March 2, 1867. 

y ■Ward, Artemas ; was bom in Massachusetts; 
graduated at Harvard College in 1748; was a Repre- 
sentative in the Massachusetts Legislature; was a 
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas for the County 
of Worcester; June 17, 1775, was appointed Major- 
General of the American Army, and was intrusted 
with the command of the right wing of the troops 
stationed at Roxbury for the siege of Boston: was a 
Delegate to the Provincial Congress, and a Repre- 
sentative in the United States Congress from Massa- 
chu.setts from 1791 to 1795; was much esteemed by 
Washington, and, although he resigned his commis- 
sion in April, 1776, at the reijuest of the Commander- 
in-Chief he continued some time longer in the ser- 
vice; was a man of exemplary piety and incorrupti- 
ble integrity. After a long and pat lent endurance of 
many sufferings, he died at Shrewsbury, Massachu- 
setts, October 28, 1800, aged seventy-three years. 

■Ward, Artemas ; was born in .Massachusetts, 
.January 9, 1762; gradu.ated at Harvard University 
in 1783; studied law; was admitted to practice, and 
soon became eminent in his profession; was elected a 
l\'<!prcsentative in Congress from .Massachusetts from 
1813 to 1817; in 1821 was appointed Chief Justice of 
the Court of Common Pleas of the State, which office 
he held for nineteen years. Died in Boston, October 
7, 1847. He was honored with tlie degree of LL. D. 
from Harvard Universitv. 



526 



BIOGRAPHICAL A .\ N A L S . 



■Ward, A. H.; was elected a Representative from 
Kentucky to the Thirty-ninth Congress for the un- 
expired term of G. C. Smith, resigned, serving on 
the Conunittees on Mileage and the Militia. 

"Ward, Elyah; was born in Sing Sing, New 
York, September 16, 1816; received an academic ed- 
ucation; was bred a merchant, chiefly in the city of 
New York, where he was President of the Mercantile 
Library Association in 1839; studied law at the Uni- 
versity of New York, and was admitted to the bar in 
1843; was elected a Representative from New York 
to the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on the District of Columbia; in 1860 was elected 
to the Thirty -seventh Congress, and in 1862 to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, seqfing on the Committees 
on Roads and Canals and on Commerce; was, for 
several years, Judge Advocate-General of New York 
with the rank of Brigadier-General; was also elected 
to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

"Ward, Hamilton ; was born at Salisbury, Her- 
kimer County, New York, .July 3, 1H29; received a 
liberal educition; studied law, and came to the bar 
at Cooperstown in 1851, settling in the practice of 
his profession at Belmont, Allegany County; in 
1856 was elected District Attorney for that County, 
holding the office three years, and was re-elected in 
1862; during that year, under an appointment of the 
Governor, was active in raising and organizing State 
troops; in 1864 was elected a Representative from 
New York to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Claims and on Accounts; was re- 
elected to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses, 
serving on the Committee on the Assassination of 
President Lincoln, and Chairman of the Committee 
on Revolutionary Claims; was also a Delegate to the 
"State Republican Convention" of 1867. 

"Ward, Henry; was appointed Secretary of 
Rhode Island in 1760; was a supporter of the Revo- 
lution; a member of the Congress which met in New 
York in 1765; was a member of the Committee of 
Correspondence during the Revolution; held the 
office of Secretary from his appointment until his 
death: the same position was held by the father and 
two of his sons for seventy years. Died in Decem- 
ber, 1797. 

"Ward, James H.; was born at Chicago, Illinois' 
November 30, 1S53; received liis early education at 
the public schools in Chicago, and afterwards attend- 
ed the University of Notre Dame, Indiana, graduat- 
ing m 1873; attended the Onion College of Law at 
Chicago, graduating in 1876; was admitted to the 
ijar in ,luly, 1876, and engaged in the practice of law 
at Clucago; was elected Supervisor of the town of 
vVest Chicago in 1879; was a Presidential Elector in 
1884; lu the same year was elected a Representative 
from Illinois to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

-Ward, Jasper D.; was elected a Representative 
rrom IlliQois to the Forty-third Congress; five days 
alter its adjournment was appointed United i^tates 
Attorney for the Southern District of Illinois, March 
9, 1875. 

■Ward, John E.; was a citizen of Geor^^ia- in 
18o8 was appointed Minister Plenipotentiary' to 
■(Jhina, where he remained until 18u0. 

Ward, Jonathan; was a native of New York- 
•was a State Senator from Westchester County froui 
1H07 to 1810; was a Representative in Congress from 



Ward, Marcus L.; was born in Newark, New 
Jer.sey, November 9, 1812; received a good education; 
engaged in manulacturing pursuits; was a Delegate 
to the Republican Convention at Chicago in 1860, 
and to the Baltimore Convention in 1864; was an 
Elector on the Lincoln and Johnson ticket; was 
elected Governor of New Jersey, in 1865, for the 
term of three years; was a member of the National 
Republican Committee, audits Chairman; was elected 
to the Forty-third Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Foreign Aflaii-s; in December, 187.5, was ap 
pointed Commissioner of Indian Affairs, but decline 
the office. Died April 25, 1884. 

Ward, Matthias ; was born in Elbert County, 
Georgia; removed, in childhood, to Madison County 
Alabama; received an academic education; was a 
school-teacher for two years; studied law; became a 
citizen of the Republic of Texas in 1836; served a ' 
number of years in the Congress of that Republic, 
and when it became a State was elected to the Legis- 
lature as a Senator; was a member of the Conventions 
which nominated Mr. Pierce and Mr. Buchanan foi 
the office of President; in 1856 was chosen President 
of the State Democratic Convention held at Austin: 
in 1858 was appointed a Senator in Congress from 
Texa.s for the term ending in 1863. Died at Raleigh, 
North Carolina, October 13, 1861. 

i/ Ward, Samuel ; was born in Newport, Rhode 
Island, May 27, 1725; was reared a farmer; settled 
in Westerly, Rhode Island; was a member of the 
General Assembly from 1756 to 1759; was Chief Jus- 
tice in 1761 ; was Governor in 1762, and from 1765 to 
1767; was one of the founders of Rhode Island Col- 
lege, now known as Brown University; was an active 
patriot; was Chairman of the Westerly Committee 
of Correspondence; was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress from 1774 to 1776, in which he usually pre- 
sided when in Committee of the Whole, and was a 
member of important Committees. Died in Phila- 
delphia, March 25, 1776, while attending a session of 
Congress. 

Ward, Thomas ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New Jersey from 1813 to 1817. Died at 
Newark, New Jersey, February 4, 1842, aged eighty- 
three. 

Ward, Thomas B.; was born at Marys viUe, 
Union County. Ohio, April 27, 1835; removed, with 
his parents, to Laliiyette, Indian.a, in 1836; was grad- 
uated at Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, in 1855; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1857; 
was twice elected M.ayor of the city of Lafayette, 
serving from 1861 to 1865; served six years as City 
Attorney; in 1875 was appointed, by the Governor, 
to the then newly-created office of Judge of the 
Superior Court of Tippecanoe County; in 1876 was 
elected to that position, and served "four years; was 
elected a Representative from Indiana to the Forty- 
eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Ward, WiUiam; was born at Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania, January 1, 1837; was educated at 
Girard College, in that city; became a printer; studied 
law; was admitted to the bar in 1359 and commenced 
practice; was a member of the City Council of Ches- 
ter, Pennsylvania; City Solicitor; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-lifth 
Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses. ' 



Ward, WilUamT.; was born in Kentuckv; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1 851 to 1853. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



527 



Warden, Daniel ; was born :it Brij-tol, Rliodo 
Island, in 1791; fxr.iiluateti at Brown University in 
1811; soon afterwards removed to Kome, New York, 
where be studied law, and was admitted to tbe bar; 
was four tinios elected to the Legislature of his 
adopted State; was, f.ir several year's. Judge of a 
County Court; was a Representative in Congress from 
New York from 18:11 to IKiT, serving as Chairman m' 
the Committee on Revolutionary Pensions. 

"Ware, Ashur ; w;is born in Shelburne. Massa- 
chusetts, February 10, l'i8'2: i;radmted at Harvard 
University in 1804; was a tutor In that institution 
from 1807 to 1811; was professor of Greek from 1811 
to 1815: was an Attorney-at-law in Boston in 1816, 
and editor of the Jioslon Yankee; removed to Port- 
land in 1817, and was Judge of the United States 
District Court of Jlaine from 1822 to 1896; was first 
Secretary of State for Maine in 1820; published Re- 
ports of Cases in the United States District Court of 
Maine, from 1822 to 18:W»; also wrote several legal 
essays and orations; received the degree of LL,D. 
iVom Bowdoin College in 1837. 

Ware, Nicholas; was a Senator in Congress 
from Georgia from 1821 to the time of his death, 
which occurred in New Y'ork City, September 7, 
182-1, 

"Warfield, Henry R.; was bom in Anne Arundel 
County, JIaryland; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1819 to l-'Co: on the morn- 
ing of March 18, 1839, was found dead in his bed at 
Frederick, Maryland. 

Warmouth, Henry C; was Governor of Louis- 
iana from 18(i8 to 1872. 

Warner, A. J.; was bom in Erie County, New 
York, January 13, 1834; was educated at Beloit, 
Wisconsin, and at New York Central College, New 
Y'ork; was Principal of the Lewiston Academy, and 
Superintendent of Public Schools of Mifflin County, 
Pennsylvania, and Principal of Mercer Union Schools, 
Pennsylvania, from 1850 to 1861; in the latter year 
entered tbe Union Army as Captain, and served 
throughout the war, rising to the rank of Colonel 
and Brevet Brigadier-General; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar at Indianapolis, Indiana, in 
1 865, but never practiced ; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Ohio to the Forty-sixth Congress; was also 
elected to the Forty-eighth (Congress; was re-elected 
to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Warner, Hiram ; was born in Hampshire Coun- 
ty, Ma.ssachusetts, October 29, 1802; received a good 
co^nmon school education, with some knowledge of 
the classics: emigrated to Georgia at the age of seven- 
teen, and there taught school for three years; with 
his earnings was enabled to study the profession of 
the law; was admitted to practice in 1825, and opened 
an office at Knoxville. in Crawford County; from 
1828 to 1831 was a Representative to the General 
Assembly, and declined a re-election; in 1833 was 
elected, by the Legislature, one of the Judges of the 
Superior Courts of the State, and was re-elected in 
1836, holding the office until 1840; from that time 
until 1645 was engaged in a lucrative practice; in 
that year was appointed one of the Judges of the 
State Supreme Court, serving for eight years, and 
then resigned; in 1855 was elected a Representative 
in the Thirty-ifourth Congress; declined a re-election 
in 1857. 

Warner, Levi ; was born at Wethersfield, Con- 
necticut, October 10, 1831; received a common school 
education; studied law at the Yale Law School, and 



at tlic Dane Law School, Cambridge, Massachnsetta; 
was admitted to the bar in 1859, and began practice 
in Fairfield County, Connecticut; never held any 
public office until elected to the Forty-fourth Con- 
gress to fill the vacancy caused by the election of W. 
H. Barnum to the United States Senate; was re-elect- 
rd to the Forty-fifth Congress, 

Warner, Richard ; was born in Tennessee in 
1835; received a good education: graduated at the 
Lebanon Law School, Tennessee; engaged in the 
practice of law at Lewisburg, Tennessee, in 1858; 
served in the Confederate Army throughout the War 
of the Rebellion ; was a Delegate to the State Consti- 
tutional Convention of 1870; was a Representative in 
the State Legislature in 1878; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Tennessee to the Forty-seventh and 
Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Warner, Samuel L.; was born in Weathers- 
field, Connecticut, in 1829; received an academic 
education, and settled in Middletown: prepared him- 
self for the legal profession by aconrs ■ of .study at the 
Yale and Harvard Law Schools, coming to the bar in 
1853; in the latter part of that year was appointed 
Executive Secretary of State; in 1857 was a meniber 
of the Connecticut Legislature; in 1861 was elected 
Mayor of Middletown, and was re-elected until 1865, 
when he was elected a Representative from Connec- 
ticut to the Thirty-ninth C<>ngr,,.^3, serving on the 
Committees on Public Expenditure, and Expendi- 
tures in the Navy Department; prior to 1861 was 
identified with the Democratic party, and was a Del- 
egate to and a Secretary of the " Baltimore Conven- 
tion" of 1860; was also a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866. 

Warner Willard; was born in Granville, Ohio, 

September 4, 1826; graduated at Marietta College in 
1845; entered the Volunteer army in 1861 as a Major; 
served on the Stall" of General Sherman during the 
Atlanta Campaign; in 1864 was appointed Colonel of 
the One Hundred and Eightieth Ohio "\''oluntecrs; 
was promoted to the rank of Major-General by brevet, 
for "gallant and meritorious services"; was mustered 
out of service in 1865; subsequently served two year.-- 
in the Ohio Senate; was chosen a Senator in Congress 
from Alabama for the term ending in 1671, serving 
on the Committees on Finance and Public Lauds. 

"Warner, "William; was born in ]S41; w.ii; 
reared in Wisconsin; was educated at Lawrence Uni- 
versity, Wisconsin, and Michigan University; studied 
law; was admitttd to the bar, and engaged in the 
practice of law; served three and a half years in tbe 
Union Army, in the Thirty-third and Forty-fourth 
Wisconsin Infantry, during the Civil War; after the 
clo.se of tbe war settled at Kansas City, Missouri, in 
the practice of his profession; in April, 1867, was 
elected City Attorney of Kansas City; in November. 
1868, was elected Circuit Attorney; was Mayor of 
Kansas City, Missouri, in 1871; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1872; was appointed United States Attor- 
ney for the Western District of Missouri in 1882; in 
1885 received the votes of the Republican members of 
the Jlis.sonri Legislature for United States Seuator: 
was elected a R'epresentative from Missouri to the 
Forty-ninth Congress. 

"Warren, Cornelius ; was born in Putnam Coun- 
ty, New Y'ork, in 1790; was a member of Congrcs . 
from New Y'ork from 1847 until his death. Died a 
Cold Spring, July 28, 1849. 

"Warren, Ed-ward A.; was born in Greene 
County, Alabama, May 2. 1818; received a liberal 
education, and studied law: served in the Mississippi 
Legislature in 1845 and 1846; was a Representative 



52S 



RIOGEAPHICAL ANNALS. 



iu the Legislature of Arkansas in 1848 and 1849, and 
was Speaker of the House; in 1850 was elected State's 
Attorney for the Sixth Judicial District of Arkansas; 
was a KepresentativiUrom that State to the Thirty- 
third Congress; was also elected to the Thirty -fifth 
Congress; was a meniher of tlie Committees on the 
Militia, and Railroads and Canals. Died in Nevada, 
Arkansas, July 2, 1875. 

"Warren, Fitz Henry; was a citizen of Iowa; 
was well educated, and paid some attention to poli- 
tics; in 1851 was appointed Second Assistant Post- 
master-General, in which ofiBce he remained about 
one year; was frequently a Presidential Elector; in 
1865 was appointed Minister Resident to Guatemala, 
where he remained until 1869, after which he re- 
turned to the United States, and resumed his interest 
in politics. 

Warren, Francis E.; was born at Hinsdale, 

Massachusetts, June 20, 1844; was reared ou a farm; 
received a common school and academic education; 
served in the Forty-ninth Regiment, Massachusetts 
Volunteers, in the War of the Rebellion, until his 
term of enlistment expired, in 1863; in 1864 was ap- 
pointed, by the Governor of Massachusetts, Captain 
of Militia; early in 1868 removed to Des Moines, 
Iowa; in the same year removed to Cheyenne, 
Wyoming Territory; was engaged in various pursuits, 
among them those of merchant, stockraiser, and 
banker, and was very successful; was twice elected a 
member of the City Council; served one term as 
Mayor of the city; was a member of the higher 
branch of the Territorial Legislature for two terms, 
serving one term as its presiding officer; served three 
terms as Treasurer of the Territory; was Chairman of 
the Republican Central Committee of the Territory; 
was unanimously nominated for Delegate to Congress, 
but business engagements compelled him to decline; 
in February, 1885, was appointed, by President 
Arthur, Governor of Wyoming Territory. 

"Warren, Joseph M. ; was born in Troy, New 
York, in 1813; graduated at Washington College, 
Hartford, Connecticut, in 1834; was a manufacturer 
and merchant; was elected Mayor of Troy in 1852; 
was elected to the Forty-second Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Patents. 

Warren, Lott; was born in Burke County 
Georgia, October 30, 17!)7; commenced life as clerk in 
a store; served in the Seminole War as a Second Lieu- 
tenant of Militia in 1818; studied law. and was ad- 
mitted to the bar iu 1821; in 1823 was elected a 
Major of Battalion; in 1824 was elected to the State 
Legislature; in 1825 was appointed Solicitor-General 
to till a vacancy; iu 1830 was elected to the State 
Senate; in 1831 was again elected to the lower house 
of the Legislature; was a Representative in Congress 
from 183!) to 1843; was subsequently devoted to the 
profession of law. 

Warren, W. W.; was born at lirighton, Massa- 
chusetts, February 27, 1834; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1854; .studied three years in the Law 
School, and was admitted to practice in 1857; suc- 
ceeded his father as Town Clerk in Is-'ti, and held 
the office ten years, when he resigned ; was appointed, 
by President Johnson, Assessor of Internal Revenue' 
and held the office four months; in IS'Iu was a mem- 
berof the State Senate; received several nominations 
to important offices, but declined; was an active 
mover in city improvements, and was instrumental 
in the formation of the abattoir in Boston: was 
elected a Representative to the Forty-fourth Con- 
gress 



Washburn, Cadwalader C; was born in the 
town of Livermore, Maine, April 22, 1818; was a 
lawyer by profession; removed to Wisconsin, and 
was elected a Representative from that State to the 
Thirty-fourth and Tliirty-fifth Congresses; was a 
member of the Committees on Private Land Claims 
and Expenditures on the Public Buildings; was re- 
elected to the Thirty -sixth Congress, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Private Land Claims and 
as a member of the Special Committee of Thirty- 
three; was also a Delegate to the " Peace Congress" 
of 1861; in November, 1862, was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Lincoln, a Major-General in the Union Army; 
was a Delegate to the "Soldiers' Convention" held 
in Pittsburgh in 1866; was re-elected to the Fortieth 
and Forty-first Congresses, and was placed on tlie 
Committees on Foreign Alfairs, Expenditures on the 
Public Buildings, and Appropriations. Died Jlay 
14, 1882. 

Washburn, Charles A.; was a citizen of Cali- 
fornia; in 1861 was appointed a Commissioner to 
Paraguay; became Minister Resident to Paraguay in 
1663; returned to the United States in 1868. 

Washbtirn, Emory ; was born at Leicester, 
Ma.ssachusetts, February 14, 1800; graduated at Wil- 
liams College in 1817; studied law. and was admit- 
ted to the bar in 1821; practiced in Leicester from 
1821 to 1828, and at Worcester from 1828 to 1856; 
was a member of the General Court from 1825 to 
1827, and in 1838; was .Judge of the Court of Common 
Pleas from 1844 to 1847; was Governor of Massachu- 
setts in 1854 and 1855; became a Professor of the 
Camljridge Law School in 1855, and so continued lor 
many years; published two local histories of Leices- 
ter, including events of the Revolution; "Sketches 
of the Judicial History of Massachusetts," and his 
mo.st important work was "A Treatise on the Ameri- 
can Law of Real Property"; also published several 
addres.ses and legal papers; was a member of the 
Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Antiquity Society 
of Worcester, the New England Historical and Gen- 
ealogical Society, and the Massachusetts Historical 
Society; received the degree of LL.D. from Harvard 
University and Williams College in 1854. 

Washburn, Henry D.; was born in Windsor 
County, Vermont, JIarch 28, 1832; during that year 
removed, with his father, to Ohio; was early ap- 
prenticed to the trade of a tanner, but not liking the 
business, became a school teacher, which occupation 
he followed until his twentieth year; studied law, 
and giaduated at the New York State and National 
Law School in 1853; subsequently .settled in Indiana; 
in 1854 was appointed Auditor of Vermillion County, 
Indiana; was elected to the same position in 185(i, 
serving as such until 1861; in .July of that year 
raised a company for service in the war; was pro- 
moted to the command as Colonel of the Eighteenth 
Indiana Volunteers in 1862; in 1864 was brevetted a 
Brigadier-General; was mustered out of the service 
in 1865; was elected a Representative from Indiana 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, successfully contesting 
the seat claimed by D. W. Voorhees, serving on the 
Committees on Claims and Southern Railroads; wa3 
a Delegate to the Pittsburgh "Soldiers' Convention" 
of 1866; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, 
ser%ing on the Committees on Retrenchment, Mili- 
tary Atiiiirs, the Niagara Ship Canal, and as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Soldiers' and Sailors' Boun- 
ties; in April, 1869, was appointed Surveyor-General 
of Montana. 

Washburn, Israel, Jr.; was born at Livermore, 
County of Oxtord, ^now Androscoggin), Maine, Juno 



i 



^^^y!«rf^, 





BlUUKAl'illCAL ANNALS. 



529 



6, 1813; received a classical education; st\idied law; 
in October, 1834, was admitted to the bar; com 
menced the practice of law at Orono, Penobscot 
County, Maine, December, 1834; was a member oi 
the Le'jjislature in 1842; was ek-oted to the I'eileral 
House of Kepresentatives IVoni JIaine lor the Thirty- 
second, Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, Tliirty-lifth and 
Thirty-sixth Congresses, serving in the latter Con- 
gress as a member of the Committee on Ways and 
Means; in IHSO was elected Governor of Maine; in 
1863 was appointed, by President Lincoln, Collector 
of the Port of Portland, Maine. Died at Philadel- 
phia, Pennsylvania, May 12, 1833. 

Washburn, Peter Thacher; was born in Lynn, 
Massachusetts, September?, 1814; graduated at Dart- 
mouth College in 1835; studied at the Cambridge 
Law School; practiced law at Ludlow, Vermont, 
from 18.9 to 1854; afterward settled at Woodstock; 
was Reporter of the Vermont Supreme Court for 
eight years; was Adjutant and Inspector-General for 
Vermont from 1861 to 18G6; was Governor of the 
State from 1869 until his death, which occurred Feb- 
ruary 7, 1870; was the author of many legal reports 
and digests. 

Washbtim, William B.; was bora in W^nch- 

endon, Massachusetts, .Tanuary 31, 18-20; graduated 
at Vale College in 1844; engaged in the manufactur- 
ing business; was a memljer of the State Senate in 
1850, and of the lower honse in 1854; was subse- 
qntntly President of the Greenfield Bank; was elected 
a Kepresentative from JIassachusetts to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Committees on Inva- 
lid Pensions, and Raads and Canals; was re-elected 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Claims and Revolutionary Pensions; w.as 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyali>'.ts' Conven- 
tion "of 1866; was re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress; continued to serve in the House of Representa- 
tives until 1872, when he resigned; was Governor of 
Massachusetts in 1872 and 1873; resigned, and was 
elected a Senator in Congress for the ui'.e-xpired term 
of Charles Sumner, and continued in the Senate un- 
til 1875, serving on important Committees. 

Washburn, William Dre^w ; was born in Liv- 
ermore, Maine, January 14, 1831; was reared on a 
farm, attending school in wint.r; graduated at Bow- 
doin College in 1854; studied law; in 18.57 removed 
to Minneapolis, Slinnesota; engaged in the practice 
of law and in other pursuits: was Surveyor-General 
of Minnesota from 1861 to lt-65, residing atSt. Paul; 
returned to Minneapolis and became largely engaged 
in manufacturing; was President of the- Minneapo- 
lis and Saint Louis Railway Company; waselectedto 
the Legislature in 1858, and again in 1871; was 
elected a Representative from Minnesota to the For- 
ty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses. 

Washburne, Elihu B. ; was born at Livermore, 
Oxford County, Maine. September 23, 1816; served 
an appreulicc-ship in tlie printing office of the Ken- 
nebec Journal; studied law at Harvard University, 
and. removing to tlie West, practiced at Galena, 
Illinois; was elected a Representative to the Thirty- 
third Congress from that State, and re-e!ec(cd to the 
Thirty-fourth, Thirty-l'illh, and Thirty-si.xtli Con- 
gresses, serving, during two Congresses, as Chairman 
of the Committee on Commerce; was also re-electtd 
to the Thirty-seventh Congress, again serving as 
(;hairman of the Committee on Commerce; was again 
re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving 
again as Chairman of the Committee on Commerce, 
as a member of the .Joint C unuiittee on tlie Library, 
and also as Chairman of llu: Special Committee on 

34 



Immigr.ation; on account of having served continu- 
ously for a longer period than any other member of 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, usage awarded him the 
title of '•Father of the House"; was the author 
among many others, of the bill reviving the office of. 
Lieutenant-General, which was conferred upon Gen- 
eral Grant; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress, again serving at the head of the Committee on 
Commerce, as Chairman of the Special Committee on 
the Death of President Lincoln, and as a member of 
the Committees on Rules, Reconstruction, Air-line 
Railroad to New York, and as Chairman of the 
Special Committee to Investigate the Memphis Riots; 
two of his brothers also served in Congress, namely, 
Israel Jr., and Cadwalader C. Washburn, who wrote 
their names without the e; was re-elected to the 
Fortieth Congress; in March, 1869, was appointed 
Secretary of State in the Cabinet of President Grant, 
but resigned, after one week of service, to accept the 
post of Minister Plenipotentiary to France, continu- 
ing in that position until 1877; during the Franco- 
German war gained the fervent regard of the Ger- 
man people by extending protection to Germans in 
Paris. 

Washington, Bushrod ; was born in West- 
moreland County, Virginia, June 5, 1762; graduated 
at William and Mary College in 1778; studied law, 
and was successful in the profession; served as a 
soldier in the Revolution; was a member of the Vir- 
ginia House of Delegates; was a member of the Con- 
vention to ratify the Federal Constitution; resided 
both in Alexandria and Richmond; was the first 
President of the Colonization Society; in 1798 was 
appointed, by President Adams, a Justice of the 
Supreme Court of the United States; published two 
volumes of Reports of the Court of Appeals of Vir- 
ginia, and four volumes of Reports of the Third 
Circuit of the United States Court; was a favorite 
with his uncle the first President; was a devisee 
of Mount Vernon, and a man of ability and high 
character. Died in Philadelphia, November 26, 
1829. 

Washington, George ; was born at Bridge's 
Creek, Westmoreland County, Virginia, February 
22, 1732; was descended from a family distinguished 
for its respectability and virtue; at the age often 
years lost his father; was educated in English litera- 
ture and the general principles of science by a private 
tutor; adopted the profession of a surveyor; when 
nineteen years of age was appointed an Adjutant, 
with th(^ rank of >Iajor; in 1".)3 was employed by 
Dinwiddle on a mi.ssion to the French .\rniy in the 
W.lley of the Ohio, and made treaties with the In- 
dians; served as an .Md-de-canip nndcr Braddock, 
and. on the fall of that General, displayed great 
ability in saving the army; in 17.58 performed an ex- 
pc<litic.n to Fort du (,inesne, after which, with the 

j rank of Colonel, he retired to the paternal estate of 
Mount A'crnou and devoted himself to agriculture, 
cultivatirjg nine thousand acres of land; emploj'ed 
about a lliousaud persons, slaves and others, on his 
estate, whom he clothed with cloths made under his 
own superintendence: it is said that seven thousand 
bushels of whent and ten thousand bushels of corn 
was not an unusual crop for him to raise i)n his 
plantation; frequently served in the Legislature of 
Viiiiinia; was a Delegate to the Contineulal Congress 
in 1771 and the early part of 1775; on the breaking 
out of the War of the Revolution was called to the 
chief command of the Provincial troops, and the 
record of his services is a history of the war; joined 
the army at Cambridge in .July, 1775; in 1776 fought 
the battles of Long Island, White Plains, Trenton, 

i and Princeton; in Vi'l those of Brandy wine and 



530 



BIOGKAPjnCAL ANNALS. 



Germantown; in 1778 that of Monmouth; in 1781 
captured Cornwallis at Yorktovvii, and thereby vir- 
tually closed the war; when the treaty of peace was 
signed, resii'iied his commission, and, universally be- 
loved, retired to private life; was elected the first 
Presidei;t of the United States, and, after having 
■been re-elected and serving out his second term, 
again retired to private life; in 1793 was induced 
again to accept the command of the army, but it was 
merely to concentrate the eftbrts of his fellow-citizens 
for the promotion of the general good, and was an- 
other sacrifice to his high sense of duty. Died at 
Mount Vernon, after a shirt illness, of tjuinsy sore 
throat, December 14, 1799; was buried at that place 
■with the honors due to the noble champion of the 
liberties of a hai>py and prosperous Republic. The 
character of Washington stands alone among the 
great men of the world, as a pure man, a patriot, a 
wise statesman, a citizen, a ruler, a husbandman, a 
Gimeral, and a Christian. His life has been written 
and commented upon by hunlreds of writers, and 
perhaps the most popular biographies of him were 
published by John Marshall, Washington Irving, 
David Ramsay, and Aann Bancroft; a copious selec- 
tion from his manuscripts was edited by Jared 
Sparks, and published in twelve volumes. His home 
at Mount Vernoa is, to lovers of liberty and true 
greatness, a kind of Mecca, and, as the "Father of 
his Country," his memory will be venerated as long 
BS the Republic endures. 

Washington, George C; was born in West- 
moreland County, Virginia, August 20, 1789; w.as 
educated at Cambridge; became a la\vyer by profes- 
sion, though partial to the pursuit of agriculture; 
represented Maryland in Congress from 1837 to 1833, 
and from 183,5 to 1837; was also a President of the 
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, and a Commissioner for 
tlie settlement of Indian Claims; when General Scott 
w IS nominated for the Presidency, Mr. Washington 
was spoken of as the candidate for Vice-President; at 
the time of his death, he was the oldest and nearest 
surviving male relative of his grand-uncle, General 
Washington. 

■Washington, Peter G.; was a native of Vir- 
ginia; early became a clerk in one of the Depart- 
ments of tiie Government; in 1845 was appointed 
Si.xth Auditor of the Treasury, remaining in that po- 
sition until 1849; in 1853 was appointed Assistant 
Secretary of the Treasury Department, remaining in 
that capacity until 18-57, after which he devoted 
himself to the prosecution of claims in Washington 
City until his death. 

Washington, William H.; was born in North 
Carolina; graduated at Yale College in 1834; was 
a lawyer by profession; was a Representative in Con- 
gre.ss from 1841 to 1843; subsequently served five or 
si.K years in the State Legislature. Died August 12, 
1860, aged forty-six years. 

Watkins, Albert G.; was born in Jefferson 
County, Tennessee, May 5, 1818; was educated at 
Holston College, Tennessee; adopted the profession 
of the law; was elected to the Legislature from his 
u.'.tive county in 1845; was a Presidential Elector in 
1648; was first elected a Representative in Congress 
in iHll/. anil served by successive re-elections until 
18.5H, except during the Thirty-third Congress, when 
he declined the nomination; was a member of the 
Committees on Manulactures, and on the Militia. 

Watkins, Tobias; was born in Maryland; in 
1825 was appointed Fourth Auditor of the Treasury, 
which oflice he held until 1830. 



Watmough, John G.; was born on the banks 
of the Brandy wine, Delaware, December 6, 1793; was 
educated at the University of Pennsylvania, and at 
Princeton College; served in the War of 1812, as a 
Lieutenant in the Second Artillery, and, while doing 
service on the frontiers, in 1813 and 1814, was wound- 
ed by receiving in his body three musket-balls, the 
last of which was extracted in 1835; was Aid-de-camp 
to General Gaines, at New Orleans, and in the Creek 
Nation in 1814 and 1815; resigned his commission in 
1816; was elected a Representative in Congress from 
Pennsylvania in 1831, where he remained four years, 
during the whole of which period his wounds were 
open and constantly giving him pain; was High 
Sheriff of Philadelphia City and Countyin 1835; was 
Surveyor of that port in 1841; during the latter part 
of his life he lived in retirement. Died In Philadel- 
phia, November 29, 1861. 

Watrous, John O.; was born in Colchester, 
Connecticut, in 180S; graduated at Union College in 
1828; studied law, and practiced, for a time, in Ten- 
nessee and Alabama; removed to Texas in 1842; was 
Attorney -General of the Republic of Texas; when it 
became a State was made Judge of the United States 
Court tor the Eastern District of the State, serving, 
as such, until 1869, when he resigned on account of 
bis health; an effort was made by his enemies to 
have him impeached, but it was unsuccessful; subse- 
quently settled in Baltimore, Maryland, where he 
died June 17, 1874. 

Watson, Cooper K.; was born in Ohio; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1855 
to 1857. 

Watson, James ; was a member of the A.ssem- 
bly of New York during the years 1791, 1794, 1795, 
and 1796; was a State Senator in 1797; was a Senator 
in Congress from New York from 1798 to 1800, when 
he resigned. 

W"atson, Lewis F.; was bom in Crawford Coun- 
ty, Pennsylvania, April 14, 1819; received an aca- 
demic education; engaged in mercantile pursuits and 
was very successful; was elected President of the 
Warren Savings Bank in 1870; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-fifth and 
Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Watson, P. H. ; was born in England ; was appoint- 
ed, from the District of Columbia, Assistant-Secre- 
tary of War in 1862, and served in that capacity for 
more than one year. 

Watterson, Harvey M.; was bom in Bedford 

County, Tennessee, November 23, 1811; was educated 
at Cumberland College, Princeton, Kentucky; was 
elected a Representative from his native county to the 
Tennessee Legislature in 1835; resided in the Con- 
gressional District of James K. Polk, and, in 1839, 
when Mr. Polk became a candidate for Governor was 
elected as his successor in Congress; was re-elected in 
1841, and served until the 4th of March, 1843; then 
declined to be a candidate for re-election, and was ap- 
pointed, by President Tyler, United States Minister 
to Buenos Ayres, on the unsolicited recommendation 
of General .Jackson; on his return from this mission, 
in March, 1845, was elected to the State Senate of 
Tennessee, and when the Legislature met was chosen 
President of the Senate; was not again a candidate 
for any office for sixteen years; in 1849 bought the 
Nashville Union, the leading organ of the Democratic 
party of Tennessee, and edited it for two years; in 
1853 and 1854 was associated with the Hon. A. O. P. 



BIOGBAPHICAL ANNALS. 



531 



Nicliolson in the editorship of the AVashington Vivnii: 
in 1860 ivas a member of the Democratic N'ativinal 
Convention, and voted for the nomination of Stephen 
A. Douglass; was a Presidential Elector for the Statr 
at Large, on the Douglass ticket; in 1861 was elected 
to the State Convention as a Union man; later ho- 
came connected with his son, Hon. Henry Watterson, 
in the conduct of the liOuisville (Kentucky) Courier 
Journal, and continued an active member of the edi- 
torial staff of that paper. 

Wattsrson, Henry; son of Harvey M. Wat- 
terson; was boiu at Washington, District of Co- 
lumbia, February 16, 18 lU; was chiefly educated 
by private tutors; adopted the profession of jour- 
nalism; served in the Confederate Army; at the 
close of the Civil War setllcil in Nashville, Tennes- 
see, and revived The Bepuhlican Banner newspaper, 
which he had edited prior to the war; in 1867 re- 
moved to Louisville, Kentucky, and became part 
ownerand the editor of the Louisville./oMina?; consoli- 
dated with other papers, in 1868, under the title of 
tiie Courier- Journal, of which lie became the editor; 
was elected a Representative from Kentucky to the 
Forty-fourth Congress, to till the vacancy caused by 
the death of Edward Y. Parsons. 

Watterston, George; was one of the earliest 
citizens of Washington City ; was a man of culture 
and uncommon intelligence; was Librarian of Con- 
gress from 182.5 to 1829; between the years 1817 and 
1848 published "Memoir on the Tobacco Plant." 
"Letters from Washington," "Course of .Study for 
Bar aud Senate," "Wanderer in Washington," 
"Man as he Ought to be," "Views of Population," 
''American Portraits," and "Guide to Washing- 
ton." 

"WattB, Beaufort T.; was a citizen of South 
Carolina; in 1834 was appointed Secretary of Legation 
to Colombia; in 1827 became Chari/e (V Affaires at the 
same place; in 1818 went to Russia as Secretary of 
Legation. 

"Watts, Frederick ; was born in Carlisle, Penn- 
sylvania, May. 9, 1801; graduated at Dickinson Col- 
lege in 1819; pa.ssed a part of his boyhood on a farm; 
studied law, and came to the bar in 1824; in 1831 
was appointed Reporter for the Supreme Court, hold- 
ing tlie office fourteen years, aud publishing twenty 
volumes; in 1845 was elected President of the Cum- 
Ijerland Valley Railroad, and held the position 
twenty-six years; in 1849 was appointed President 
Judge of the Ninth District; in 18.54 was one of the 
projectors of the Agricultural College of Pennsyl- 
vania, and chosen President of the Board of Trustees; 
took an interest in all the local enterprises of Car- 
lisle; after retiring to private life he was, in 1871, 
appointed Commissioner of Agriculture in Washing- 
ton. 

Watts, Henry M.; was bom in Carlisle, Penn- 
sylvania, October 10, 1805; graduated at Dickinson 
College; studied law, and came to the bar in 1827, 
locating in Pitt,sburgh; was appointed Deputy Attor- 
ney-General; wasa Representative in the State Lrgis- 
aaturo from 1835 to 18:38; settled in Philadelphia, 
.md was appointed United States Attorney for the 
iiistrict of Philadelphia; visited Europe a number of 
times for pleasure; in 1868 was appointed Envoy 
Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Aus- 
tria. 

"Watts, John ; was bom in New York in 1749; 
was a member of Congress from 1793 to 1795. Died 
in New York City, September 3, 1836. 



"Watts, John S.; was born in Boone County, 
Kentucky, January 19, 1816; graduated at the Uni- 
versity of Indiana; studied law, and practiced the 
profession in Indiana; served in the Legislature of 
that State; was twice elected a Prosecuting Attorney; 
in 1851 he was appointed, by President Fillmore, an 
Associate Justice in New Mexico; subsequently prac- 
ticed his profession in that Territory; was elected a 
Delegate from New Mexico to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress; took an active part in raising troops for the 
Union Army during the Rebellion; in 1868 was ap- 
pointed, by President .Tohnson, Chief Justice of the 
Supreme Court of New Mexico. 

"Watts, Thomas H.; was Governor of Alabama 
from 1863 to 1868. 

"Wayne, Anthony ; was born in East Town, 
Chester County, Pennsylvania, in 1746; in 1773 was 
elected a Representative in the General Assembly, 
where he took an active part against the claims of 
Great Britain; in 1775 entered the army as Colonel, 
and in the battle at the Three Rivers, in June, 1776, 
received a wound in the les: at the close of the cam- 
paign was made a Brigadier-General; in the battles 
of Brandywino, Germ.autown. aud Monmouth, and 
especially at Stony Point, greatly distinguished him- 
.self, in the latter assault receiving a severe wound in 
the head; in 1781 led the Pennsylvania line to form 
a junction with Lafayette in Virginia, and engaged 
in the capture of Cornwallis. after which he conduct- 
ed the war in Georgia with equal success, receiving 
from the Legislature of that State, as a reward for 
his services, a valuable farm, upon which he retired 
after the war; in 1787 was a member of the Conven- 
tion for framing the Constitution; served as a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Georgia in 1791; his seat 
was successfully contested by James Jackson, aud 
was vacated by a resolution of the House; in 1792 v as 
again called into military service, and succeeded .St. 
Clair in the command of the army against the In- 
dians, gaining a complete victory over them in 1794, 
at the battle of the Miami; concluded a treaty, 
August 3, 1795, with the hostile tribes northwest of 
the Ohio; while in the service of his country, having 
attained the rank of Major-General, died in a hut, 
at Presque Isle, and was buried on the shore of Lake 
Erie, in December, 1796; in 1809 his remains were 
removed to his native county. 

"Wayne, Isaac; was a Representatire in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1823 to 1825. 

"Wayne, James M.; was born in Savannah, 
Georgia, in 1790; having obtained an excellent pre- 
liminary education under the instruction of a private 
tutor, entered Nassau Hall (now Princeton College) ; 
on his return home, at the close of his collegiate 
course, commenced the study of law in Savannah; 
his father dying a few months afterwards, left, by the 
advice of his friends, to prosecute his studies at the 
North; on his second return home commenced the 
practice of his profession, and took much interest in 
politics; after three or four years was elected a mem- 
ber of the General Assembly as an opponent of the 
"Relief Law," which had created much feeling 
throughout the State; was re-elected the following 
year; declined being a candidate the third time; was 
next Mayor of the city of Savannah; on his resigna- 
tion of that office was chosen Judge of the Superior 
Court, and served five and a half years; was then 
elected a member of Congress in the session of 1829 
and 1830, and served until 1835; took a prominent 
position in the House as a debater, and also proved 
himself a good business member on various Commit- 
tees; was a supporter of President Jackson, by whom 



532 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



he was appointed to a seat on the bench of the United 
States Supreme Court in 1835: proved himself a 
Bound and accomplished jurist; especially devoted 
his attention to the subject of Admiralty Jurispru- 
dence, and his opinion on points connected witli tliat 
subject are everywhere cited as high autliority; in 
18 j5 and 1800, by invitation of the faculty, he de- 
livered an occasional lecture before the law students 
of Columbia College. Died in Washington, July 5, 
1807. 

Weakley, Robert; was a Representative in 
Congress from Tennessee from 1809 to 1811; in 1819 
was appointed United States Commissioner to treat 
with the Chickasaws. 

Weaver, Archibald J.; was bom in Snsqne- 
hanna County. Pennsylvania, April !■">, 1844; lived 
on a farm until seventeen years of age; then entered 
Wyoming Seminary, at Kingston, Pennsylvania, re- 
maining tliree years as a student and four years as a 
teacher of mathematics; in 1807 entered the Law 
Department of Harvard Universit}-, remaining until 
180:(; w-is admitted to the bar at Boston, Massachu- 
setts, in February, 18(>9, and immediately removed to 
Nebraska, settling at Falls City in the practice of law; 
was a member of the Nebraska Constitutional Conven- 
tion of 1871 ; in 181'2 was elected District Attorney of 
the First Judicial District; in 187.T was a member of 
theState Constitutional Convention: was elected Judge 
of the First Judicial District in l.'^T."}, and was re- 
elected in 1879, holding the position until elected a 
Representative from Nebraska to the Forty-eighth 
Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Weaver, James B.; was born at Dayton, Ohio, 
June 12, 1833; received a common school education; 
studied law; graduated at the Cincinnati Law 
School in 1850, and engaged in practice; entered the 
Union Army in 1801 as a private, and rose to the 
rank of Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General; was 
elected District Attorney of the Second Judicial Dis- 
trict of Iowa in 1800; was appointed Assessor of 
Internal Revenue in 1807; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Iowa to the Forty-sixth Congress. 

Webb, James; was born in Virginia; studied 
law, and removed to CJeorgia to practice; was .Judge 
of the Superior Court of that State; was United States 
District Judge in the Territory of Florida; resigned 
and removed to Texas in 18311; was Attorney-Gen- 
eral of the State and Secretary of State; served one 
terra in the Senate, and, alter Texas became a State, 
was Reporter of the decisions of the Supreme Court 
of the State, Secretary of State, and Judge of the 
Fourteenth Judicial Distrii't. which po.sition he held 
at the time of his death; was the author of " Re- 
ports of the Supreme Court of Texas," from 1840 to 
1848. Died at Goliad, Texas, November 2, 1856. 

Webb, James W^atson; was born at Claver- 
ack. New York. February 8, 1802; entered the army 
as Second Lieutenant in 1819; was made First Lieu- 
tenant in 1823; resigned in 1827, and took ch.arge of 
the New York CuiiriiT, which was united to the En- 
quirer, under the name of Morning Courier and New 
I'ijrk Enquirer; became sole editor, and, in 1830. sole 
proprietor; was appointed Charge d' Affaires to Vi- 
enna in 1850, but the Senate did not confirm the 
nomination; in 1801 was .Minister to Brazil; while 
in this position secured the settlement of long-stand- 
ing claims against Brazil, and was instrumental, 
through his iutir.iacy with Napoleon III., in procur- 
ing the withdrawal of the French from Mexico: was 
the editor of " Altowan, or .•i.dventurcs in the Rocky 
Mountains," 2 vols. 8vo., 1840; ".Slavery and its 
Tendencies," 8vo., 1856. 



Webb, Nathan ; was born at Portland, Maine, 
May 7, 1825: graduated at Harvard University in 
1840; studied law; was admitted to the 1 ar in 1849, 
and engaged in practice at I'ortland ; was a Repre- 
sentative in the State Legislature in 18 ;4 and 1865; 
was elected County Attorney of Cumberland County 
in 1805, and re-elected in 1868; in 1870 resigned the 
County Attorney.ship to accept the appnintment of 
United States District Attorney for Maine; was re- 
appointed in 1874, and again in 1878; declined the 
third appointment, and resumed general practice; 
in 1882 was appointed United States District Judge 
for the District of Maine. 

Webb, William B.; was born at Washington, 
District of Columbia, September 17, 1825; received 
his early education at the private schools of Wash- 
ington and at a private boarding school near Bal- 
tic-ore, Maryland; in 1840 entered the freshman 
class of Columbian College — now Columbian Univers- 
ity — at Washington; graduated in 1844, and imme- 
diately commenced the study of law; was admitted 
to the bar of the Circuit Court of the District of Co- 
lumbia in the same year, and engaged in the prac- 
tice of law at Washington City; on the breaking out 
of the Civil War, in 1801, joined a company of vol- 
unteers, and was elected Captain; tendered the ser- 
vices of the company to the United States Govern- 
ment, but they were declined; in the Fall of 1861, 
upon the formation of the metropolitan police force 
in Washington, was elected, by the Board of Police, 
Superintendent of the force; successfully organized 
the force, and continued to perform the arduous 
duties of his position until 1803, when he resigned, 
and resumed the practice of his profession; was Coun- 
sel for the Washington Gas Light Company, the Ad- 
ams Express Company, and the Bank of Washington ; 
was President of the Bar Association of the District 
of Columbia; was a Director in the Washington Gas 
Light Company, and in the (Central National Bank 
of Washington; in July. 1885, was appointed, by 
President Cleveland, one of the Commissioners of the 
District of Columbia; in April, l-^SO, was elected 
President of the Board of Commissioners. 

Weber, John B.; was born at Buffalo, New 
York, September 21, 1S42; received a good education 
in the public schools of Butfalo; engaged in clerical 
pursuits; in 1801, when not quite nineteen years of 
age, enlisted in the Union Army, in the Forty-fourth 
New York Volunteers — the famous Ellsworth Regi- 
ment; di.sphiyed remarkable bravery, and was rapidly 
promoted, reaching the grade of Colonel while yet in 
his minority, in July, 1863; led his company 
through the memorable "seven days' fight " before 
Richmond, coming out of that fiery ordeal with but 
five men in the company; at the close of the war 
engaged in business at liuffalo, in which he continued 
until 1883, when he retired; in 1870 was candidate 
for Sheritf of Erie County, but was defeated by 
Grover Cleveland; was Deputy Postmaster at Buft'alo 
for three years ; in 1873 was elected Sheriff of Erie 
County by a majority of 2,200; in 1884 was elected a 
Representative fi-om New York to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

Webber, George W.; was born at Newbury, 
Vermont, November 25, 1825; received a common 
school education; removed to Michigan; engaged in 
various pursuits; was elected a Representative from 
Michigan to the Forty-seventh Congres.''. 

Webster, Daniel ; was born in the town of Sal- 
isbury, New Hampshire. .lanuary 18. 1782; his op- 
portunities for education were very limited, and he 
was indebted tohismotherforbis earliest instruction; 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS, 



oSJ 



for a few months only, in 1796, enjoyed the advan- 
tages of Phillips' Exeter Aoarlemj'; here his prepara- 
tion for colletje begun, and it was completed at Bos- 
•cawen; entered Dartmouth ('ollef;e in 1797, and grad- 
uated in 1801 ; soon alter graduating engaged in pro- 
fessional studies, lirst in his native village, and after- 
wards at Fryehurg in Maine, where, at the same time, 
he had the charge of an academy, and was also a 
•copyist in the office of .the Register of Deeds; having 
completed his legal studies, was admitted to the bar 
of Suflblk, Massachusetts, in the year 1805; com- 
menced the practice of law in his native state and 
county; in 1807 removed to Portsmouth, New Hamp- 
shire, and soon became engaged in a respectable but 
not lucrative practice; in 1812 was chosen a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from New Hampshire, and was 
re-elected; removed to lioston in 181(i, and was at 
once placed beside the leaders of the Massachusetts 
bar, having already appeared before the Supreme 
Court of the United States at Washington; by his 
argument in the Dartmouth College case, carried by 
appeal to Washington, in 1817, took rank among the 
most distinguished jurists in the country; in 1820 
was chosen a member of the Convention for revising 
the Constitution of Massachusetts; was offered, about 
this time, a nomination as a Senator of the United 
States, but declined it; in 1822 was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from the city of Boston; took 
his seat in December, 182:5, and early in the ses> on 
made his celebrated speech on the (ueek Revolution, 
which at once established his reputation as one of 
the lirst statesmen of the age; was re-elected; in 1826 
was again elected, and, under the Presidency of John 
Quincy Adams, was the leader of the friends of the 
administration, first in the House of Representatives, 
and afterwards in the Senate, to which he was elected 
in 1827; his speech on the Panama mission was made 
in the first session of the Nineteenth Congress; when 
the tariff law of 1824 was brought forward, he spoke 
against it on the ground of expediency; remained in 
the Senate for a period of twelve years; in 18:'>0 made 
what is generally regarded the ablest of his parlia- 
mentary efforts — -his second speech in reply to Robert 
Y. Hayne, of South Carolina; Mr. Webster, although 
opposed to the administration of General Jackson, 
gave it a cordial support in its measures for the de- 
fense of the I'nion in 1832 and 1833, but opposed its 
financial system: in 1839 made a short visit to Eu- 
rope; his fame had preceded him, and he was re- 
ceived, in the Old World, with the attention due to his 
character and talents, at the French and English 
Courts; on the accession of President Harrison, was 
appointed Secretary of State, and was continued in 
this office by President Tyler; President Tyler's Cabi- 
net w.as broken up in 18 12, but Mr. Webster remained 
in olfice until the spring of 1843, being desirous of 
putting .some other matters, connected with our for- 
eign relations, in a prosperous train; returned to the 
Senate of the United States in 1845, and remained in 
that body until 1850, when he w;is .ippointed, by 
President Fillmore, Secretary of State; in December, 

1850, the famous Hulsemann letter w:is written; in 

1851, by his judicious management of the Cuba ques- 
tion, obtained from the Spanish government the par- 
don of the followers of Lopez, who had been dejiorted 
to Spain; about the same time received from the En- 
glish government an apology for the interference of a 
British cruiser with an American steamer in the wa- 
ters of Nicaragua; this \\ as the second time that the 
British government had made a similar concession 
Btthe instance of Mr. Webster; the first was in ref- 
erence to tlie destruction of the Curiiliiir. at Schlosser, 
and it is understood that it was on the strength of a 
private letter that he addressed to Lord I'almerston 
that John F. Crampton w;»s made Minister Plenipo- 



tentiary to Washington; paid raudi attention to agri- 
culture, and his residence, when not engaged in pub- 
lic business at Washington, was either at Marshfield, 
in Massachusetts, or the place of his birth, in New 
Hampshire: the works of .Mr. Webster were published 
in six volumes, with a biographical memoir by Ed- 
ward Everett. Died October 23, 1852, at XLirshfield. 
In that year, his Private Life, by the compiler of this 
volume, was published; in 1857 two volumes of his 
Private Correspondence were published by his son, 
Fletcher Webster, subsecjuently killed in battle dur- 
ing the Rebellion; in 1869, a complete life of this 
statesmen, in two volumes, was published by (ieorge 
T. Curtis. 

"Webster, Ed'win H.; was born in Harford 
County. Maryland, .March 31, 1829; was educated at 
Dickinson College; was a member of the Maryland 
Senate from 1855 to 1859, serving two years as the 
President of that body; in 1856 was chosen a Presi- 
dential Elector; was a Representative from Maryland 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress; was re-elected to the 
Thirty -seventh Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Claims, and on Public Expenditures; for a time 
rendered the State some service in a military 
capacity, and was Colonel of a Maryland Regiment; 
in 1863 was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Claims, and on the 
Militia: was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress; 
in July, 1865, was appointed, by President Johnson, 
Collector of Customs for the port of Baltimore. 

Webster, Taylor ; wa-s born in Pennsylvania; 
settled in Ohio: was elected a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 18:.3 to 1839. 

"Weeks, John "W.; was a County Sheriff in New 
Hampshire from 1820 to 1825; was a State Senator in 
1827 and 1828; was a Representative in Congress 
from New Hampshire from 1829 to 1833; was Judge 
of Probate, in Coos County, in 1854. 

"Weeks, Josepb ; was born in Massachusetts; 
was a Representative in Congress from New Hamp- 
shire from 1835 to 18.39, having previously been, for 
two years, Judge of the County Court for Cheshire 
County. 

"Weems, Jotin O.; was born in Calvert County. 
Maryland; was a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1826 to 1829. 

"Weigh tman, Richard Hanson; was horn ia 

Maryland; was educated ;it the United States Mili- 
tary Academy at West Point ; was a Captain in the 
Missouri Battalion of Light Artillery Volunteers in 
the Mexican War and distinguished himself under 
Colonel Douophau in the baffle of Sacramento; sub- 
s quently held the position of additional Paym;ister; 
was a Delegate to Congress, from New Mexico, from 
1851 to 1853. 

Welch, Adonija S.; w.as born in East Hamp- 
ton, Connecticut, in 1821; removed to Michigan in 
1839; graduated at the University of that .State in 
1846; studied law, but preferred teaching: had charge 
of a High School at .lonesville; visited California in 
1849; on his return was Principiil of the Normal 
School of Michigan for four years; in 1865 removed 
to Florida; in 18G8 was elected a Senator in Congress 
from that State for the term ending in 1869, serving 
on the Commiffees on .Agriculture, and Post Offices 
and Post Roads. 

"Welch, Frank; was a Representative from 
Nebraska to the Forty-fifth Congiess. Died before 
the expiration of his term. 



534 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Welch, John ; was born in Jefteison County. 
Ohio, October 28, 1805; was educated at Franklin 
College, Ohio; studied law, and was .admitted to the 
bar in 18. !3; was a member of the State Senate of 
Ohio in 1846 and 1847; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1851 to 1853; was subsequently one of the 
Trustees of the Ohio University. 

Welch, William H.; w.-vs a native of Connecti- 
cut; removed to llinuesota; in 1853 was appointed 
Cliief .lustice ot the United States Court for the Ter- 
ritory of Minnesota. 

Welch, William W.; was born in Norfolk, Con- 
necticut, December 10, 1818; received the rudiments 
of his education at the common schools and from 
private instructors; having turned his attention to 
the science of medicine, received the degree of M. D. 
from the Medical Institution of Yale College in 18:;8; 
excepting when interrupted by his public duties, w.is 
ft practicing physici.an; was twice elected to the 
House of Representatives, and twice to the Senate of 
Connecticut; was a Representative from that State 
during the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Weldon, Lawrence ; was born in Muskingum 
County, Ohio, in 1829; removed, with his parents, to 
Madison County, Ohio, when a child; was educated 
at the common schools, at the local academy, and at 
Witternberg College, Springfield, Ohio; read law, and 
was .admitted to the bar in 1853; w.as a clerk in the 
office of the Secretary of State of Ohio in 1853 and 
18.54; in that year removed to L'linton, DeWitt Coun- 
ty, Illinois, and engaged in the practice of law; in 
18()0 was elected a Representative in the State Legis- 
lature, and was also a Presidential Elector on the 
Republican ticket; in 1861 resigned his seat in the 
Legislature to accept the appointment of United 
States Attorney for the Soutlicrri Histrict of Illimiis, 
tendered hiraby President Lincoln; resigned in 18>I6, 
and, in 1867, removed to Bloomington. Illinois, 
where he continued the practice of his profession ; in 
November, 1883, was appointed, by President 
Arthur, an Associate Justice of the United States 
Court of Claims. 

Welker, Martin ; w.as born in Knox County, 
Ohio, .Vpril 25. isli); received a good education by 
his own unaided efforts, while working on a farm or 
employed as a clerk in a store; studied law, and 
came to the bar in l>-40; from 1846 to 1851 w.as Clerk 
of the Court of Common Pleas for Holmes County; in 
1851 was elected a Judge of the Common Pleas for 
the Sixth District, serving live years; in 1857 re- 
moved to Wooster, Wc.yne County, and was elected 
Lieutenaiit-Uoveruor of Ohio, declining a re-nomina- 
tion; in 1861 was appointed a Judge Advocate, with 
the rank of Major, serving three mouths as a Staff 
Officer; was soon afterwards appointed ."Vid-de-camii 
and Acting Judge Advocate-Ueneral, with the rank 
of Colonel, under the Covernor of the State; in 1862 
was an Assistant Adjutant-General, and superin- 
tended the dralt of the State; in 1S64 was elected a 
Eeprcscnt.ative from Ohio to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on the District of 
Columbia, Revolutionary Pensions, and free Schools 
in the District of Columbia; was also a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention'' of 1866: 
was re-elected to the Fortieth and Fort.v-lirst Con- 
gresses, serving as Chairman ol the Committee on Re- 
trenchment; in 1873 was appointed United States 
Judge for the Northern District of Ohio; in 1874 re- 
ceived the degree of LL.D. from Wooster (Ohio) Uni- 
versity; afterwards became Professor of Political 
Science, and of Constitutional anil Internatioii.d Law 
iu that institution. 



Wellborn, M. J.; was born in Georgia: was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1849 
to 1851. 

Wellborn, Olin ; was born at Camming, For- 
sythe County, Georgia, June 13, 1843; was well edu- 
cated; served in the Confederate Army throughout 
the Civil War; after the close of the war studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar, at Atlanta, Georgia, in 
1866; removed to Dallas, Texas; in 1871; was elected 
a Representative from Texas to the Forty-sixth 
Cougress, and was re-elected to the Forty-seventh, 
Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses. 

Weller, John B.; was born in Ohio; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from that State from 1839 to 
1845; was the first United States Commissioner to 
Mexico, under the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo; 
having taken up his residence in CalUbrnia, was, in 
1851, elected to the United States Senate for six 
years; was subsequently elected Governor of Califor- 
nia; in December, 1860, was appointed United States 
Jlinister to Mexico; was a Delegate to the "Chicago 
Convention " in 1864. Died iu New Orleans, August 
17, 1875. 

Weller, Luman H.; was born in Litchfield, 
County, Connecticut, August 24, 1833; received a 
common school education, supplemented by a course 
at the State Normal School and the Literary Insti- 
tute, at Snffield, Connecticut; taught school; re- 
moved to Iowa in 1859, and settled in Chickasaw 
County as a farmer; took an active part in politics; 
was successively elected Ro.ad Supervisor, Township 
Clerk, Justice of the Peace, County Coroner, and 
member of County Board of Supervisors; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1867, and practiced law. in con- 
nection with his farming interests, until 1876; in 
1867 was an unsuccessful candidate for the State 
Legislature; in 1869 and 1877 was an nnsuccessliil 
candidate for State Senator; in 1878 was an unsuc- 
cessful candidate for Congress; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Iowa to the Forty-eighth Congress. 

Welles, Gideon ; was born at Glastenbury, Con- 
necticut, July 1, 1802; was educated chiefly at the 
Norwich University of Vermont; studied law; in 

1826 became the editor of the Hartford Tiiius; from 

1827 to 1835 was a mei' ber of the Connecticut Legis- 
lature; was subsoi]uently appointed Comptroller of 
Public .Accounts; from 1836 to 1841 was Postmaster 
of Haitford, having been appointed by President 
.Jackson; in 1842 was made Comptroller of the^tate; 
iu 1846 took charge of a bureau in the Navy Depart- 
ment, where he remained until 1849; was a" Delegate 
to the "Chicago Convention " of 1860; in 1861 went 
into I'resident Lincoln's Cabinet as Secretary of the 
Navy, For thirty years before becoming Secretary 
he was an occasional contributor to the Harl.ord 
Prcxs, the New York ICiviiing Post, and the Washing- 
ton &7o6e and Uiiiun. Died February 11, 1878. 

Wells, Alfred ; was born at Dagsborongh, Sus- 
sex County, Delaware, May 27, 1814; adopted the 
profession of the law, and settled in Ithaca, New 
York; in 1858 was elected a Kepreseutati\e from 
New York to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on the Militia; al.so held 
the positions of Deputy Clerk. District Attmncy, and 
Judge of Tompkins County, New Y'ork. Died in 
the winter of 1857. 

Wells, Daniel, Jr.; was born in Maine; received 
a good English education; removed to Wisconsin in 
18 ;6; I)ecame extensively engaged in the business of 
banking and lumbering at Milwaukee; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress^ from Wisconsin from 1853 to 

isr-,r>. 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



535 



Wells, David A.; was born in Springfield, 
Massachusetts, in June, 1828; -jraduatedat Williams 
College; became an associate editorof tlie Springfield 
Republican; wliile there invented a machine for lold- 
ing books and newspapers; subsequently graduated 
at the Scientific School at Cambridge; established, 
and edited for several years, the Annual of Scientific 
Discovery; while residing in Troy, New York, in 
1864, he came prominently before the public by 
means of a pamphlet on "Our Burden and Our 
Strength." which had an enormous circulation ; after 
the close of the Civil War was made Chairman of a 
Special Commission created by Congress to inquire 
into the resources of the country; was subsequently 
made a Special Commissioner of the Revenue, which 
office he held four years, and in which capacity he 
inaugurated many improvements in the Keveuue 
Laws, and established the "Bureau of Statistics;" 
after leaving Washington was appointed, by the 
Governor of New York, to revise the Taxation Laws 
of that State, and made two important reports in 
1872 and 1873; in the former year was made a lec- 
turer at Yale College, and in the latter year visited 
England and there proclaimed his opinions; in 1875 
took an interest in the politics of Connecticut, and 
was also made President of the American Association 
of Social Science; became a member of the French 
Academy; received from the University of Oxford, 
England, the degree of D.C.L., and from Williams 
College the degree of LL.D. 

"Wells, Ebenezer, T.: was born in New York; 
emigrated to Colorado; in 1871 was appointed one of 
the Associate Justices of the United States Supreme 
Court for the Territory of Colorado. 

Wells, Erastus; was born in Jefferson County, 
New York, December 2, 1823; received a good edu- 
cation; was compelled to rely on his own exertions, 
and went to St. Louis, Missouri; established the first 
omnibus line in that city, and the first street railroad 
company; was, for fifteen years, a member of the 
City Council; was President of the Missouri Railroad 
Company, and a Director in several incorporated 
companies; was elected a Representative from Mis- 
souri to the Forty-first, Forty-second, Forty-third, 
and Forty-fourth Congresses, serving on the Commit- 
tees on the Pacific Railroad. Navy Department, Rail- 
roads and Canals. Centennial, and Public Buildings 
and Grounds; was also elected to the Forty-sixth 
Consn-css. 

Wells, Guilford Wiley ; was born in Conesus, 
Livingston County, New York. February 14, 1840; 
received a liberal education at the Genesee CoDege; 
graduated at Columbian College, District of Colum- 
bia; adopted the profession of the law; entered the 
war for the Union as a Lieutenant of Volunteers, 
rose to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, and was 
twice wounded and brevetted for gallantry on the 
field; in.l870. was appointed United States District 
Attorney for the Northern District of Mississippi; was 
re-appointed in 1874. and belbre the close of the year 
was elected a Representati\e from that State to the 
Forty-fourth Congress. 

Wells, Hezekiali G.; was born in Steubenville, 
Ohio, in 1812; was educated at Kenyon College; 
after studying law, emigrated to Kalamazoo, Michi- 
gan; in 1833 was elected to the first ( on.stitutional 
Convention of that State; in 184.5, and for five years, 
was elected a Judge of the Circuit Court of the State; 
was elected a member of the Constitutional Conven- 
tioti of 1850; by his individual exertions raised a 
regiment of Volunteers during the Rebellion; from 
1865 to 1875, was President of the State Board of 



Agriculture; in 1873, was appointed member of a 
Constitutional Convention of eighteen persons; w^is 
subsequently appointed Presiding Judge of the Court 
of Commissioners of Alabama Claims. 

Wells, H. H.; was born in Rochester, New York, 
September 17, 1823; was educated at the Romeo 
Academy in Michigan; studied law, came to the bar 
in Detroit, and practiced the profession there from 
1846 to 1861; was a member of the Michigan Legisla- 
ture from 1854 to 1856; served in the war for the 
Union from that State and became a Brigadier-Gen- 
eral by brevet; settled in Virginia; was military 
Governor of Virginia in 1868 and 1869 and resigned; 
was United States Attorney for the District of Vir- 
ginia from 18G9 to 1872, when he resigned; in Sep- 
tember, 1875, entered upon the duties of United 
States Attorney for the District of Columbia, having 
been appointed to succeed George P. Fisher, removed. 

Wells, James M.; was Governor of Louisiana 
from 1864 to 1867. 

Wells, Jolin; was born in New York; was a 
Representative in Congress from that State from 1851 
to 1853. 

Wells, John S. ; was a Senator in Congress from 
New Hampshire from January to March, in 1855, by 
executive appointment; filled many local offices. 
Died in Exeter, New Hampshire, in 1860, aged fifty- 
six years. 

Wells, Robert W.; was, for nearly thirty years 
before his death, on the United States Bench of Mis- 
souri, seldom, if ever, missing a term of the Circuit 
or District Courts; acquired a high reputation for his 
legal knowledge, and his decisions were always re- 
spected by the Supreme Court of the United States. 
Died at Bowling Green, Kentucky, September 22, 
1864. 

Wells, Samuel ; was born in New Hampshire, 
about 1805; was, for some years. Judge of the Super- 
ior Court of Maine; was Governor of the State in 
1856 and 1857. Died in Boston, July 15, 1868. 

Wells, William H.; was a Senator in Congress, 
from Delaware, from 1799 to 1804, when he resigned; 
was again a United States Senator from 1813 to 1817. 
Died March 11. ]82<>. 

Welsh, John; was bom at Philadelphia, Penn- 
sylvania, in 1805; received a liberal education; re- 
ceived a good business training in tlie office of his 
father, who was a prominent shipping merchant in 
Pliiladelphia; engaged in the shipping business on 
his own account, and was very successful; in 1864 
was Chairman of the Executive Committee of the 
National Sanitary Fair, and contributed largely to 
the success of the undertaking; was Chairman of tlie 
Finance Committee of the National Centennial Ex- 
hibition of 1876, and devoted three years of Ids time 
to insuring the success of that great ]iroject; a sub- 
scription of §50,000 was tendered him in recognition 
of his services in this connection, and, upon his de- 
clining to receive it. the money was used in tlie en- 
dowment of the .John Welsh Centennial Professor- 
ship of History and English Literature, in the Uni- 
versity of Pennsylvania: in October, 1-177, was ap- 
pointed, by President Hayes. Kn\o,\- Extraordinary 
and Minister Plenipotenti.ary of the United States to 
Great Britain; resigned in 1879; was, for fifteen 
years, a Commissioner of Fairmount Park; waa 
President of the North Pennsylvania Railroad Com- 
pany; served several terms as a member of the City 
Council of Philadelphia; was. for many years, Presi- 



63t) 



liiOGKA rir ICAL ANNALS. 



dent ol' the Board of Sinking Fund Commissioners of 
his native city. Died at his home in Philadelphia, 
April 1(1. 1886. 

Wen .pie, Edward ; was born at Faltonyille, 
Montgomery County, ^u^v Vork, in 1844; received a 
classical education, graduating from In ion College 
in 1866; studied law for a time, and then joined his 
father in the foundry business, in wliich he con- 
tinued; was Chairman of the County Democratic 
General Committee iu 1872, 1873, and 1874; was 
Town Snpervi ,or in 1874, 1875, and 1876; was a Rep- 
resentative iu the State Legislature in 1877 and 
1878; becan;e President of the Fultonville and 
Fonda Street Railroad Compa;iy, and a Director in 
the Fultonville National liaiik; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from New York to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress. 

"Wendover, Peter H.; was born in New York 
City; was a member ol the State .\ssembly from the 
city of New York in 1804; was a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1815 to 1821. 

"Went-worth, John ; was born in Sandwieli, 
New Hampshire, March 5, 1815, and was the grand- 
son of John Wentworth, .Jr., who was in the olJ Con- 
gress, and who signed the original Articles of Con- 
federation for New Hampshire; was educated at 
Dartmouth College; shortly after graduating, in ld36, 
emigrated to the west, and settled in Chicago, Illi- 
nois; was among the first who took an interest in 
securing a city charter for the town; in a short time 
connected himself with the Chicago Dcmocnif, which 
was long the official journal of the city, and which 
he conducted as proprietor and editor for twenty-tive 
years; before becoming fully engaged in politics, 
studied law, and, having finished his course at Har- 
vard, came to the bar in 1841; in 1837 became a 
member of the Board of Education, and continued iu 
that position, when not in public life, for many 
years; was a Representative from Illinois to the 
Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, Thirty-first 
and Thirty-second Congresses, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Territories and Commerce; iu 1857 and 
1860 was Mayor of Chicago; was a member of the 
"State Constitutional Convention '' of 1861 ; in 1864 
was appointed one of the Police Commissioners of 
Chicago; was subsequently elected for the si.vtli term 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Ways and Means, and Koads and Canals; 
in 1867 received, from l>artmouth College, thedcgree 
of LL.I)., and subsequently nuide a donation of ten 
thousand dollars to the college. 

Wentworth, John, Jr.; was born in Somraers- 
wortb. New Hampshire, July 17, 1745; graduated at 
Harvard University in 1768; studied law and adopted 
the profession; settled at Dover early in life, and 
was. for a while, the only lawyer in his county; upon 
the organization of Stratford County, received, from 
his relative. Governor John \Ventworth, the appoint- 
ment of Register of Probate, which office he held un- 
til his death: was elected a Representative to the 
State Legislature from 1776 to 1780, when he took 
the place of his decea.sed father, al.so named John, in 
the Council, where he remained until 1784; was a 
J.'elegate from New Hampshire to the Continental 
Congress in the years 1778 and 1779, serving fourses- 
.sions, and was one of the signers of the Articles of 
Confederation; was a member of the State Senate 
from 1784 until his death; was an active nund)er of 
the Committee of Safety durin.:; the Revolution. 
Died at Dover, New Hampshire. .Ianu;n y 10. 1787, 
from consumption, growing out of an attack of suiall- 
po.x. 



Wentworth, Tappan ; wa;? born in Dover, New 
Hampshire, February 24, 1802; followed the law as 
a profession; was President ol the Common Council 
of Lowell in 1842; served four years in the SUte Sen- 
ate, and eight years in the lower house of the Legis- 
lature; was a Representative in Congress from Mas- 
sachusetts from 18.^3 to 1855; was a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention" of 1866. Died 
in Lowell, June 12, 1875. 

West, George ; was born in Devonshire County, 
Englaud, February 17, 1823; received a common 
school education; came to the United States in Feb- 
ruary, 1849; settled at Ballston Spa, New Y'ork, and 
became a paper manufacturer; was a Representative 
in the New York Legislature from 1872 to 1877; was 
a Delegate to the Republican National Convention.s 
of 188(3 and 1884; became President of the First Na- 
tional Bank, at Ballston Spa, New York; in 1880 
was elected a Representative from New York to the 
Forty-seventh Congress; in 1884 was elected a Rep- 
resentative to the Forty -ninth Congress. 

West, J. R.; was born in New Orleans, Septem- 
ber 19, 1822; entered the Univer.sivy of Pennsylvania 
in 1836, but withdrew before graduating; served in 
the war against Jlexico, as Captain; emigrated t<> 
California in 1849, and engaged in commercial pur- 
suits; at the outbreak of the IlebcUion was proprie- 
tor of the San Francisco /"r/cfs Cttnrnt; entered the- 
army as Lieutenant-Colonel of the First California 
Infantry, and attained the rank of brevet Major-Gen- 
eral ; went to Texas, and then removed to New Or- 
leans; was Chief Deputy United States Marshal and 
Auditor of Customs, and Administrator of Improve- 
ments; was elected to the United States Senate, for 
the term commencing in 1871 and ending in 1877, 
serving on the Committees on Appropriations and 
Railroads; settled in Washington City; served for 
several years as one of the Commissioners of the Dis- 
trict of Columbia. 

Westbrook, John ; was born in Pennsylvania; 
was a Representative iu Congress from that State 
from 1841 to 1843. 

Westbrook, Theodoric R.; was a native of 
New York; was a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1853 to 1855. ^y^'^ ^^ ;. ^^ /^^~ 

Westcott, James D.; was born in Alexandria. 
Virginia, in May, 1802; removed, with his father. t« 
New .lersey; was, at an early age. admitted to the 
bar of the Supreme Court of that State, where he 
practiced his profession until 1829; afterwards held, 
for a short time, a position in the Consular Bureau of 
the State Department at Washington; was appointed, 
by President Jackson, Secretary of the Territory of 
Florida, and held the offica four years, performing 
the duties of the Governor during his temporary 
absence; was a member of the Territorial Legislature 
in 1832; was appointed United States District Attor- 
ney for the middle district of the Territory, which 
office he held until 1836; was again a member of the 
Legislature, and a member of the Con\ent;on for 
framing a State Constitution in 1838 and 1839; on 
the admission of Florida into the Union <as a State, in 
1845, was elected a Senator in Congress, and served 
until 1849. 

Westerlo, Rensselaer ; was bom in New York; 

was a Ivcpresentative in Congress from that State 
from 1817 to 1819. 

Weston, James A. ; was Governor of Nevada in 
I tlie years 1871 and 1872. 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



537 



Weston, James A ; was born in Manchester, 
New Hampshire, August 27, 1827; received a good 
education \n the puhlic schools and academies of his 
native place; adopted the prol'ession of a Civil Engi- 
neer; was extensively engaged in building and op- 
erating Kailroads and Water Works in New Hamp- 
shire; was elected Mayor of Manchester in 1808, 187U, 
1871, and 1871; was Governor of New Hampshire in 
1871 and 1874. 

Wethered, John ; was born in Maryland; was a 
Kepresentative in Congress from that State from 
lo'i:} to 1845. 

Wetmore, George Peabody; was born, of 
American parents, in London, England, August 2, 
1S4G; was educated at Yale College, and received the 
degree of A.M. from that institution in 1871; in 1866 
became a Trustee of the Peabody Museum of Natural 
History, at Vale College, and continued in that po- 
sition in succeeding years; in IBiiU received the de- 
gree of LL.B. from Columbia College; was First 
Presidential Elector for Rhode Island in 1880 and 
1884; was a member of the State Committee to re- 
ceive the French Representatives in 1881; in 1885 was 
elected Governor of Rhode Island, and was re-elected 
in 1883. 

Whaley, Kelllan V.; was born in Onondaga 
County, New York, May 6, 1821; while yet a youth 
removed, with his father. toUhio; received a limited 
education; when twenty -one years old settled in West- 
ern Virginia, devoting himself to'the lumber and mer- 
cantile business; when the Rebellion broke out, took 
the Union side of the question, and was elected to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Invalid Pensions; afterwards acted as an .\id 
to Governor Pierpoint in organizing and equipping 
regiments, and was in command at the battle of 
Guyandotte, when he was taken prisoner, in Novem- 
ber, 1861; after traveling with his captors si.\ty miles 
toward Richmond, made his escape, and arrived 
safely at Catlettsburg, Kentucky; was soon able to 
resume his seat in the House of Representatives; was 
re-elected to the Thirty -eighth Congress, serving as 
Chairman of. the Committee on Invalid I'ensions, 
and as a member of the Committee on Agriculture; 
was a!M> a Delegate to the "Baltimore Convention" 
of 1864; was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on Revolu- 
tionary Claims, and as a member of that on the 
Death of President Lincoln; was also a member of 
the National Coiiiniittee appointed to accompany 
the remains of President Lincoln to Illinois; in 
1868 was appointed Collector at Brazos de Santiago, 
Texas. 

Whallon, Reuben; was bom in New .Ter.sey; 
was a Representative in Congress from New York 
from 18:i.> to 1835. Died in Essex County, New 
York, April 15, 1843, aged sixty-six years. 

"WTiarton, Jesse; represented the State of Ten- 
nes.see in Congress tiom 1807 to 18(19; was a United 
States Senator in 1814 and 1815, when he was super- 
seded by J. Williams. Died at Nashville, July 22, 
1813. 

Wharton, Samuel I was born in 1732; signed 
the Non-Importation Resolutions of 176'5; was a 
member of the City Councils of Philadelphia, of the 
Committee of Safety in the ICevolulion, of the 
Colonial and State Legislatures of I'enn.sylvania, and 
of the Continental Congress in 1782 and 1783. Died 
about the year 1810. 

Wheatley, Samuel E., \v;i3 born at George- 
town, District of Columbia, March 27, 1^44; was 



educated at Hallowell's High School, at Alexandria, 
Virginia; at the age of sixteen entered the office of 
his father — who was engaged in the lumber business 
— as clerk; at the age of twenty, in connection with 
his brothers, succeeded to his father's business; never 
held public office until, in March, 1886, was appoint- 
ed one of the Commissioners of the District of 
Columbia. 

Wheaton, Henry; was born in Providence, 

Rhode Lsland, November 27, 178.">; graduated at 
Brown University in 1802; studied law botli in this 
country and Europe; settled in New Y'ork City, 
where he wrote for the press while practicing his pro- 
fession; in 1815 began the publication of his works 
on International Law, which took a foremost posi- 
tion among that class of writings; in 1816 became 
Reporter of the " Decisions of the Supreme Court," 
and issued twelve volumes; wrote also for the lead- 
ing Reviews; in 182' was a member of the Conven- 
tion which framed the Constitution of Xew Y'ork; in 

1825 assi.sted in revising the Laws of New Y'ork; in 

1826 published the "Life of William Pinckney"; in 

1827 was appointed Charge d'Apdrcf! to Denmark; in 
1835 became Minister Resident to Prussia, and sub- 
sequently Minister Plenipotentiary to the same coun- 
try; one of his most popular Irooks was the " Hi.story 
of the Northmen," and his legal writings were num- 
erous and very highly appreciated; in 1819 received, 
from Brown University, the degree of LL. D. ; received 
the same compliment from Hamilton College in 1843, 
and from Harvard College in 1845; died at Dorches- 
ter, Ma,ssachu3etts, March 11, 1848. His "Elements 
of International Law" is a work of the highest 
standard in its department of learning. 

Wheaton, Horace; was born in New York; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1843 to 1847. 

Wheaton, Laban ; was born at Marshtield. 
Ma.ssachusetts; graduated at Harvard University in 
1774; studied both theology and law; was a County 
.ludge; was a Representative in Congress from 1809 
to lsl7; died at Norton, Massachusetts, March 23, 
1816, aged ninety-two years. 

W^heeler, Ezra ; was born in Shenango County, 
Xew Y'ork, in 1820; emigrated to Berlin, Wi.scousin, 
in 1849; adopted the profession of the law, in 1852 
was elected to the Legislature of Wisconsin; in 1854 • 
was elected to the office of County Judge, holding 
the same for eight years; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Wisconsin to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on the District of 
Columbia. 

Wheeler, Grattan H.; was a native of New 
York; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1831 to 1833; was a member of the State 
.Assembly from Steuben County for four years, and 
was one year a member of the State Senate. 

Wheeler, Hoyt H.; was born at Chesterfield, 
New Hampshire, August 30, 1833; received an aca- 
demic education, studied law; was admitted to the 
bar in 1859, and commenced practice at Jamaica, 
Vermont; was a Representative in the Vermont Leg- 
islature in ls67; a State Senator in 1868 and 1869; 
was a .ludge of the State Supreme Court from 1869 to 
1877. when lie was appointed United States District 
Judge for the District of Vermont. 

Wheeler, John ; was born at Darby, Connecti- 
cut, in 1823; received a good commercial education, 
and at the age of twenty entered the mercantile busi- 
ness in New York City; subsequently engaged in 



636 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



hotel-keeping, which he followed at the time of his 
election and during his service as a member of Con- 
gress; was a Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1853 to 1857. 

"WTieeler, Jolin H.; was born at Murfresborough, 

North Carolina, in 180G; received a classical educa- 
tion at Columbian College, near \V;ishington City, at 
which he graduated in 182(i; studied law, and was 
licensed by the Supreme Court of North Carolina in 
18-27; entered the House of Commons as a member 
from his native county, and served four years suc- 
cessively; was appointed, by President Jackson, 
Superintendent of the United f^tates Branch Mint m 
1836, at Charlotte, North Carolina; in 1842 was 
elected Treasurer of the State of North Carolina; m 
1852 was appointed Minister Resideut to the Kepub- 
Hc of Nicaragua, in Central America, during the in- 
vasion of Walker, and his position was one of much 
peril and responsibility; was the author of the 
"History of North Carolina," published in 1852; 
also compiled a " Legislative Manual " for the State 
of North Carolina in 1874; resided in Washington 
City, and engaged in condensing and collating the 
Debates of Congress. 

"WTieeler, Joseph. ; was born at Augusta, Geor- 
gia, September 10, 1830; graduated in the five-year 
course at the United States Military Academy at 
West Point, in l-^od; was commissioned a Lieutenant 
of Dragoons in the United States Army; resigucd in 
1861, and was appointed a Lieutenant of Artillery in 
the Confederate Army; was promoted, and com- 
manded an Infantry brigade at the battle of Shiloh; 
was, .soon afterwards, again promoted, and was ap- 
pointed to the command of the Cavalry Corps of the 
Western Army, continuing in that position until the 
clo.^e of the war; by joint resolution of the Confed- 
erate Congress received the thanks of that body for 
skill and gallantry in many engagements; for the 
successful defense of the city of Aiken, South Caro- 
lina, received the thanks of the Legislature of the 
State of South Carolina; upon the death of General 
Stuart, became the senior Cavalry General of the Con- 
federate Armies, and commanded all the forces — in- 
fantry, cavalry, and artillery — in many important 
engagements; in 1866 was appointed Professor of 
Philosophy in the Louisiana State Seminary, which 
position he declined; was a counselor-at-law and cot- 
ton planter; in 1880 received a certificate as a Repre- 
sentative from Alabama to the Forty-seventh Con- 
gress, but his seat was successfully contested by 
W. M. Lowe; upon the decease of Mr. Lowe, a few 
months later, was elected to fill the vacancy caused 
.by his death; in 1884 was elected a Representative to 
the Forty-ninth Congress. 

"WTieeler, ■William. A.; was born in Malone, 
Franklin County, New York, June 3!!, ISli); was a 
member of the class of 1842 of the Uni\ ersity of Ver- 
mont, but did not graduate; adopted the piolession 
of the law; in 185(1 and 1851 was elected to the State 
Legislature; in 18.j7 and 1858 to the State Senate; in 
1860 was elected a Representati\e from New Y'ork to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress; was. for many years, 
engaged in the banking business; was President of 
the Ogdensburg and Rouses' Railroad Company; was 
a Delegate to the "' State Constitutional Convention " 
of 1867, and was elected its President; was elected to 
the Forty-first and three succeeding Congresses, serv- 
ing as Chairman of the Committees on Commerce and 
the I'acific Railroad; in 1876 was elected Vice-Presi- 
dent of the United States, and served the full term 
of four years. 



"WTiidden, Benjamin F.; was a citizen of New 
Hampshire; in 1862 was appointed a Special Com- 
missioner and Consul-General to Hayti. 

■Whipple, Thomas; was bom in Berkshire 

County, Massachusetts; was bred a physician; served 
the State of New Hampshire as a Representative in 
Congress from 1821 to 1S2!I. Died at Wentworth, 
New Hampshire, January 23, 18;!5, aged fifty years. 

■Whipple, "Williain; was born at Kittery, Maine, 
in 1730; was educated at a common English .school; 
commenced active life as a sea captain; in 1759 set- 
tled at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, in the mercan- 
tile business; in 1775 was a member of the Provincial 
Congress; in 1776 was a member of the Provincial 
Council; was a Delegate from New Hampshire to the 
Continental Congress from 1776 to 1779, and was one 
of the signers of the Declaration of Independence; in 
1777 entered the army; served with distinction in 
severalTampaigus, and rose to the rank of Brigadier- 
General; in 1782 was appointed Financial Receiver 
for New Hampshire, serving two years, when he re- 
signed; also held the offices of Judge of the Superior 
Court, and Justice of the Peace and Cjuoriim; was a 
Commissioner on behalf of Connecticut to settle the 
land difiSculties in Wyoming Valley. Died Novem- 
ber 28, 1785. 

■Whitcomb, James ; was born in 1795: removed, 
with his father, to (?hio in 1806; received a country 
school education, and prepared himself for college by 
teaching school; graduated at Transylvania Univers- 
ity with the highest honors; studied law, and settled 
in practice in Bloomington, Indiana, in 1824; in 1826 
was appointed Prosecuting Attorney; in 1830 waa 
chosen a member of the State Senate, and served 
five years; was appointed Commissioner of the Gen- 
eral Land Office in 1836; in 1841 returned to the 
practice of his profession at Terre Haute, Indiana; in 
1843 was chosen Governor of the State; was re-elected 
in 1846; in 1840 w;is elected a Senator of the United 
States for the term ending in 1855, which position he 
held until his death, which occurred in New York, 
October 4, 1852; was much interested in the Ameri- 
can Bible Society, of which association he was Vice- 
President. 

■White, Addison; was born in Kentucky; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1S51 to 1853. 

■White, Albert S. ; was born at Blooming (Jrove, 
Orange County, New York, October 24, 1803; gradu- 
ated at Union College in 1822; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar at Newburg, in 1825; removed to 
Indiana in 1829; was a Representative in Congress 
from that State from 1837 to 1839; was a Senator in 
Congress from 1839 to 1845; during his service in 
Congress was instrument.al in securing grants of land 
for the Wabash and Erie Canal; was President of the 
Wabash and Indianapolis, and of the Lake Erie, 
Wabash and St. Louis Railroad Companies; earlier in 
life was, for five years, Clerk of the Indiana House of 
Representatives; was elected a Representative from 
Iniliana to the Thirty -seventh Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Foreign Afiairs, and 
Chairman of the Select C(miniittee on Emancipation; 
alter leaving Congress, he was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Lincoln, a Commissioner to settle certain claims 
against the Sioux Indians; in .Tanuary, 1864, was ap- 
[lointed. Iiy President Lincoln, Judge of the DistricI 
Court of Indiana. Died in .Stockwel!, Indian;i. Sep 
tcmher 4, 1864. 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



53» 



White, Alexander ; was a Delegate from Vir- 
ginia to the Continental Congress from 1786 to 1788; 
was a Kepresentative in Congress from 1789 to 1793, 
and was distiuguislied for his eIoquen<'e and patriot- 
ism; was one of those wlio voted for locating the Se^jit 
of Government on the Potomac; was a Commissioner 
to arrange for erecting the public buildings in Wash- 
ington. Died at Woodville, Berkeley County, Vir- 
ginia, in 180-1, aged sixty-six years. 

■White, Alexander ; was born at Franklin, Ten- 
nessee, October lt>, 1816; removed to Alabama when 
five years of age ; was educated at the University of 
Tennessee; volunteered for the Creek and Seminole 
War in 1836; studied law with lis father, .John 
White, late Circuit and Supreme Court Judge of Ala- 
bama; practiced the profession twenty-five years; 
was a member of the Thirty-second Congress; was a 
member of the Alabama State Convention of 1865; 
was a member of the General Assembly in 1872; was 
elected a Representative from Alabama to the Forty- 
third Congress, serving on the Committee on the 
Judiciary; in 1875 was appointed an Associate Jus- 
tice of the United .States Court for the Territory of 
Utah. 

"WTiite, Alexander Cald-well ; was bom near 
Kitlanning, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, De- 
cember 12, 1833; his youth was passed on a farm, in 
a hard struggle for a livlibood, his only school ad- 
vantages being those of the public schools in his vi- 
cinity; he was more than ordinarily studious, and, at 
the age of twenty, became a teacher in the public 
schools; he continued to teach school in winter, and 
attend some academy in the summer, until he had 
acquired a good education, his time during the spring 
and autumn vacations being occupied with farm 
labor and rafting timber; always took an active part 
in politics, and frecjuently represented his party in 
County and State Conventions; in 1860 remo\ed to 
Jefterson County. Pennsylvania, and settled at 
Pnnxsutawney, \vhere he taught school and studied 
law; in 1862 w.as admitted to the bar, and engaged 
in practice; iu 18fi7 was elected District Attorney of 
.Tefferson County; in 1^68 removed to Brookville, the 
County Seat; in ls7u was re-elected; he continued 
the practice of his profession, in which he attained 
eminence; in 1884 was elected a Representative from 
Pennsylvania to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

White, Allison; was born in Pennsylvania, 
December 21, 1816; received a common school educa- 
tion ; studied law, and practiced that profession lor 
twelve years; was elected a Representative from 
Pennsylvania to the Thirty-fifth Congress from the 
Fifteenth Congressional District of that State, and 
was Chairman of the Committee on Expenditures on 
the Public Buildings. 

"White, Andre'w D.; was bom at Homer, New 
York, November 7, 1832; graduated from Yale Col- 
lege in 1853; prosecuted his studies in Europe for 
two years; in 1857 was elected Professor of History 
in the University of ilichigan; in 1862 resigned be- 
cause of ill-health, and in the same year was elected 
a member of the New York State Senate; was re- 
elected in 1864; in 1866 became President of the Cor- 
nell University ; in 1868 visited Europe in connection 
with his official duties; in 1871 was one of the Gov- 
ernment Commissioners to .St. Domingo; in 1879 was 
appointed United States Minister to Germany; re- 
signed in 1882. 

"White, Bartow W.; was bom in Westchester 
County, New York; was a Representative in Congress 
from that State from 182.'> to 1827. 



"White, Benjamin ; was born in Maine; was a 
farmer by occupation; during the years 1841 and 
1842 was a member of the Maine Legislature; was a 
Representative in Congress from that .Statefrom 1844 
to 1845. 

"White, Campbell P.; was born in New York; 
was, for many years, a prominent merchant in that 
city; was a Representative in Congress from tliat 
State from 1829 to 1835; also took a leading part in 
the "New York Convention" of 1346. Died February 
12, 1859, leaving an exalted reputation for ability 
and sterling qualities of heart and manners. 

"White, Chilton A.; was born at Georgetown, 
Brown County, Ohio, in February, 1826; studied 
law with General Thomas L. Hamer, under whom h& 
served one year as a private soldier in Mexico; was 
admitted to thebar in 1848, and settled in his native 
town in the pr.actice of law; in 1852 and 1853 was 
Prosecuting Attorney for Brown County; in 1859 and 
1860 was cho.sen a Senator in the State Legislature; 
before the expiration of his second term, was elected 
a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Public Ex- 
penditures; was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Manufacturers, 
and Expenditures in the Post Office Department. 

"White, David; was one of the Judges of the 
Circuit Court of Kentucky; represented that State 
in Congress from 1823 to 1825. Died in Frank- 
lin County, Kentucky, February 17, 1835, aged filty 
years. 

White, Ed'wrard D.; was Governor of Louisiana 
from 1824 to 1830; was a Representative in Congress 
from 1829 to 1834, and from 1839 to 1843. Died in 
New Orleans, Louisiana, April 18, 1847. 

"White, Francis ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia, his native State, from 1813 to 
1815. 

"White, Harry; was born in Ii^diana County, 
Pennsylvania, January 12, 1834; received a col- 
legiate education, graduating in 1854; studied law; 
was admitted to practice iu 1855, at Indiana, Penn- 
sylvania; in 1861 entered the Union Army as a 
Major, and .served throughout the war, attaining the 
rank of Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General; while 
in service was elected a State Senator, and served 
during the session of 1862-63, returning to his com- 
mand at the close of the session; soon after his re- 
turn was captured by the enemy and imprisoned in 
Libby Prison, at Richmond, "Virginia; his absence 
from his seat in the Senate made the vote in that 
body, upon political questions, a tie, and unavailing 
effiarts were made to secure his release; he succeeded, 
however, iu passing his resignation as State Senator 
through the lines concealed in a Testament, thus re- 
lieving the complication; escaped from prison in 

1864, and rejoined his command; was re-elected to 
the State Senate, for three years, in 1865, again in 

1865, and again in 1871, serving as Speaker during 
the close of the latter term; was a Delegate to the 
State Constitutional Convention of ISri; was elected 
a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Forty- 
fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses. 

"White, Hugh; was bom in New York in 1799; 
followed the plow and the other occupations of a 
farm until nineteen years of age; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from his native State from 1845 to 
1851. Died near Troy, New York, October G, 1870. 



540 



biogi;ai'Hical annals. 



"Wliite, Hugh La-wson ; was born in Iredell 
County, North Carolina, October :iO, 1773; removed, 
■with his lather, to Knox County, Tennessee, in 178S; 
volunteered as a private soldier during the Indian 
hostilities in 17il2; in 1794 went to Philadelphia, 
and pursued a course of mathematical studies; then 
■went to Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and studied law; 
commenced the ])ractice of his profession at Knox- 
ville, in 1796; in 1801 was appointed Judge of the 
Supreme Court of the State of Tenne^ifc. and served 
until 1807; in 18118 -was appointed District .\ttorney; 
in 18U9 was elected to the State Senate; ajiain served 
six years in the Supreme Court as Judge; in 1815 
was chosen President of the State Bank of Tenne.s- 
see; in 1820 was again a member of the State Senate, 
and about that time was appointed, by President 
Monroe, a Commissioner to adjust the claims of our 
citizens against Spain; was elected a Senator in Con- 
gress from 18-25 to 1835, and from 1836 to 1-^40, 
serving on one occasion as President ^jco tern, of the 
Senate; at the election for President of the United 
States, in 1836, received all the votes (twenty-six) of 
Georgia and Tennessee for that office; resigned his 
seat in the Senate in 1839, having received instruc- 
tions to Tote against his own judgment. Died April 
10, 1840, soon after reaching his home, in Knoxville. 

"Wliite, James ; was a Representative in Con- 
j,'res3 from Tennes.see from 1792 to 1794. 

White, John; was born in 1805; served as a 
Representative in Congress from Kentucky from 1835 
to 1845; was Speaker of the House during the 
Twenty-seventh Congress; was .ludge of the Nine- 
teenth Judicial District of Kentucky at the time of 
his death, which occurred at Richmond, Kentucky, 
by suicide, September 22, 1845. His talents and at- 
tainments were of a high order. 

White, John D.; was born in Clay County, Ken" 
tucky, January 16, 1849; was educated at a private 
school, at Eminence College. Kentucky, and at the 
Kentucky University; graduated in law at the 
Michigan University in 1872; in 1874 was elected a 
Representative from Kentucky to the Forty-fourth 
Congress; declined a re-nomination; was Chairman 
of the Republican State Convention of 1879; the same 
year was elected a Representative in the State Legis- 
lature; was a Delegate to the Republican National 
Convention of 1880: inthe same year was an unsuccess- 
ful candidate for Congress; in 1«81 received the votes 
of his party in the Legislature for United States Sen- 
ator, but was not elected; was again elected a Repre- 
6ent,itive to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth 
Congresses. 

WTiite, Joseph L.; was born at Cherry Valley, 
New York; studied law in Utica, and settled in In- 
diana; was a Representative in Congress from Indi- 
ana from 1811 to 1843: after leaving Congress settled 
in New York City, and practiced his protession with 
success; subsequently entered into an India-rubber 
speculation, and while on a business visit to Nicar- 
agua, was shot by a drunken man, from the eflects 
of which he died in January, 1861. 

White, Joseph M.; was born in Franklin Coun- 
ty, Kentucky: \v;is a Delegate to Congres.s, from the 
Territory of Florida, from 1823 to 1837. Died at St. 
Louis, Missouri, October 18, 1839, while on a visit to 
his brother. He was an eminent lawyer, and noted 
for his eloquence and acquirements. 

WTiite, Joseph W.; was born in Cambridge, 
<iuernsey County. Oliio, October 3. 1822; studil'd 
law, and came to the bar in 1844; in 1345 and 1847 



was appointed Prosecuting Attorney for his native 
County; was elected a Representative from Ohio to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on .Mileage, and Expenditures in the Treasur}- 
Department. 

"White, Julius ; was a citizen of Illinois: served 
as a (iencral in the Volunteer Army during the Re- 
bellion: in 1872 was appointed Mini.ster Resident to 
the .\rgentine Confederation, but declined the posi- 
tion; in about six months thereafter, was again com- 
missioned to the same office, and went to South 
America; resigned in 1874, after which he settled in 
Chicago, Illinois. 

White, Leonard ; was born at Haverhill, Mas- 
sachusetts, in 1767; w.ns a fellow-student of John 
Quincy Adams, and at Harvard they were of the class 
of 1787; was, for many years. Town Clerk and Treas- 
urer; represented his town in the Legislature; was a 
Representative in Congress from Massachusetts from 
1811 to 1813; was then appointed Cashier of the Mer- 
rimack Bank, which office he held until the infirmi- 
ties of age compelled him to retire. Died at Haver- 
hill, October 10, 1849. 

White, Michael D.; was born in Clark County, 
Ohio, September 8, 1827; removed, with his parents, 
to Indiana in 1829; passed his youth upon a farm; 
was educated at the common schools and at Wabash 
College; studied and practiced law; was elected Pros- 
ecuting Attorney in 1854, serving two years; was 
State Senator for four years from 1860; was elected a 
Representative from Indiana to the Forty-fifth Con- 
gress. * 

WTiite, Milo ; was born at Fletcher, Vermont, 
August 17, 1830; received a common school educa- 
tion: was reared on a farm; in 1845 became a mer- 
chant's clerk, in which employment he remained un- 
til 18:)5, when he removed to Chatfield, Minnesota, 
and engaged in merchandizing; was elected a State 
.-Senator in 1871, 18T2, 1874, and 1880; was elected a 
Representative from Minnesota to the Forty -eighth 
Congress; was re-elected to the Forty -ninth Congress. 

White, Phillips; was a Delegate from New 
Hampshire to the Continental Congress in 1782 and 
1783. 

White, Philo ; was a citizen of Wisconsin; in 
1853 was appointed Clian/e tV Affaires to Ecuador, 
and from 1854 to 1858 held the position of Minister 
Resident. 

White, Phineas ; was born in Hampshire Coun- 
ty. Ma.ssachusetts. in 1770; graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 1797; was Register of Probate in the town 
of I'omfret, Vermont, from 1800 to 1809; was County 
Attorney in 1813; served eight years in the State 
Legislature; was a Representative in Congress from 
\'ermont from 1821 to 1S23. Died in 1847. 

Wliite, Samuel ; was a United States Senator 
from Delaware from 1801 until his death, which oc- 
curred at Wilmington, Delaware, November 4, 1809, 
aged thirty-nine years. 

Whiteaker, John ; was born in Dearborn Coun- 
ty, Indiana. May 4, 1820; pas.sed his youth upon a 
farm, and acquired an education by his own exer- 
tions; removed to the Pacific coast in 1849, settling 
in Oregon Territory in 1852; engaged in farming and 
stock raising; was elected a .ludgeof Probate in 1855; 
a Representative in the Territorial Legislature in 
1857; Governor of the new State of Oregon in 1858 
holding that office until 1862; was elected a Repre 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



541 



sentative in the State Legislature in 1866; re-elected 
in 1868, and was made Speaker; again re-elected in 
1870: in I872 was appointed a member of the State 
Board of Kqiializatiun, and was its Chairman; in 
18~(i was elected State Senator for four years; was 
President of tlie Senate in 187(j and 1878; was elected 
a Representative from Oregon to tlie Forty-sixth Con- 
gress. 

WTiitefield, James; was a native of Georgia; 
removed to -Mississippi at an early day; served as a 
soldier in the war of 1812; also in the Creek War; 
was Governor of Mississippi from 1S51 to 1852; dur- 
ing the late Rebellion acted as Funding Agent for the 
Confederate Government. Died at Columbus, Geor- 
gia, June 30, 1875, at an advanced age. 

■Whitehead, Thomas ; was born at Clifton, 
Nelson County, Virginia, December 27, 1825; at- 
tended a grammar-school; studied law; was admitted 
to the bar in 1819; was editor of an agricultural 
newspaper; was appointed Commissioner in Chan- 
cery; was commissioned Lieutenant of Cavalry 
in 1861; was elected Captain in 1862; was promoted 
to be Major of the Second Virginia Cavalry in 1865; 
was elected to the State Senate in 1865, but did not 
qualify; was elected a Representative in the Virginia 
Legislature for Amherst County in 1866; was removed 
by order of the Military Governor in 1868; was re- 
elected in 1869; resigned in 1873; in 1872 was elected 
a Representative from Virginia to the Forty-third 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Education 
and Labor. 

"Whitehill, James ; was a Representative in 
Congress iVom Pennsylvania in 1813 and 1814; re- 
signed iu 1814; was Judge of a County Court and a 
General of Militia. Died in Stra.sburg, Pennsylvania, 
March 5, 1822, at a very advanced age. 

"Whitehill, John; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania, from 1803 to 1807. Died 
in 1815, aged ninety-four years. 

Whitehill, Robert ; was a Representative in 
Congress from Pennsylvania, from 1805 to 1813, the 
year in which he died 

Whitehouse. John O.; was born at Rochester, 

New llampsliire, July 19, 1-'17; received a common 
school education; worked on a farm; iu 1835 went to 
the State of New York, and resided at Brooklyn and 
I'oughkeepsie; was a merchant and manufacturer; 
was elected a Representative from New York to the 
Forty-thii'd Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Civil Service; was re-elected to the Forty-tburth Con- 
gress; in December, 18i5. was appointed Chairman 
of tlie Committee on the Civil Service. 

WTiiteley, Richard Henry; was born in Ire- 
land, December 22, 1830; emigrated to Georgia in 
18 i6; engaged in the manufacturing busine.ss; studied 
law, ancl came to tlie bar in 1860; was opposed to 
secession; entered the Confederate Army iu 1861, 
and .surrendered in 1865; was elected to the State 
Constitutional Convention in 1867; was appointed 
Solicitor-tieneralof tlie Southwestern Circuit in lS;i8; 
in 1870 was elected United States Senator for the 
term ending iu 1871; was elected to the Forty-first, 
Forty-second, and Forty-third Congresses, serving on 
the Conimiltecs on Manufactures and Public E.x- 
pcuditures. 

Whiteley, "William Q-.; was born at Newark, 
New Castle County, Delaware in 1319; graduated at 
Nassau Hall, Princeton, in 18:i'^; studied law; was 
admitted to the bar iu 1841, and entered upon the 



practice of law at Wilmington, Delaware; was elected 
from Delaware a memberof the Thirty-fifth Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on .\gricul- 
ture; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving on the same Committee, and also on the 
Special Committee of Thirty-three on the Rebellious 
States; in 1872 was appointed Prothonotary of the 
Supreme Court of New Castle County ; was a Dele- 
gate to the Democratic National Conventions of 18U0 
and 1876; in 1875 was elected Mayor of Wilmington: 
in 1884 was appointed Judge of the Circuit Court. 
Died April 23, 1886. 

"Whiteside, Jenkins; was a Senator in Con- 
gress from Tcinessee, from 1809 to 1811. Died Sep- 
tember 24, 1822. 

"Whiteside, John ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania, from 1815 to 1819. 

"Whitefleld, J. "W.; was bom in Tennessee; was 
a Delegate from the Territory of Kansas to the Thirty- 
fourth Congress. 

"Whitfield, James ; was Governor of Missis- 
sippi in 1851 and 1852. 

"Whiting, George C; was born in Fauquier 
County, Virginia, December 29, 1816; soon after re- 
ceiving a good education, went, with his father, to 
Washington; in 1838 was appointed a clerk in the 
General l^and Office; was made Chief Clerk of that 
office, and held the office several years; in 1857 was 
appointed Commissioner of Pensions, and continued 
in the position until 1861; was subsequently a Gen- 
eral Adviser and Assistant of the Secretary of the 
Interior Department, where his long experience in 
public affiiirs made him eminently useful to the Gov- 
ernment; was a popular and highly capable officer, 
and a prominent member of the Masonic fraternity, 
having been, for eight years, Gr.and Master of the 
District of Columbia. Died in Washington, Septem- 
ber 4, 1867. 

"Whiting, Richard H.; was born at Hartford, 
Connecticut, January 7, 1826; received a common 
school education; removed to Illinois in 1848; en- 
gaged in business as a merchant; served as Paymas- 
ter in the Federal Army during the Civil War; in 
1870 was appointed, by President Grant, Assessor, 
and upon the consolidation of the offices, Collector of 
the Fifth Collection District of Illinois, which posi- 
tion he held until elected a Representative from Illi- 
nois to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

"Whiting, "William ; was born at Dudley, Mas- 
sachusetts, May 24, 1^41; graduated from the Holy- 
oke l^Mass.) Higli School at tlii> age of seventeen, and 
began, at once, his business career as book-keeper fur 
the Holyoke P.ipcr Company ; in 1865 organized the 
Whiting Pa ■ r Company, and took charge of its 
business; bcc.une President of thi- Holyoke National 
I'.ank in 1872; was a State Senator in 1873, and de- 
clined a re-nomination; was City Treasurer of Holy- 
oke in 1876 and 1877, and Mayor in Is77 and IS, 8; 
was a Delegate to the Republican National Con\cn- 
tion of 1S76; was elected a Representative from Mas- 
sachusetts to the Forty-eighth Congress; was re- 
elected to the I'^orty-ninth Congress. 

"Whitman, Ezekiel ; was born at East Briilge- 
water, Massachusetts, March 11, 1776; graduated at 
Brown University in 1795; settled as a lawyer in the 
District of Maine iu 1798; was Chief .Justice of the 
Coininiin Picas and also of the .Superior Court of 
Maine, presiding as such for twenty-five years; was 
a Representative iu Congress from Massachusetts 



542 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



irom 1809 to 1811, and from 1817 to 1H21; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Maine from lt21 to 1823; 
■was a member of the Executive Council of Maine in 
1815 and ISlii; in 1819 was a member of the Conven- 
tion to frame a Constitution for the State of Maine. 
Died at East Bridgewater, Massachusetts, August 1, 
1866. 

"WTiitinan, Lemuel ; was a graduate of Yale 
College In 1800; was a Representative in Congress 
from Connecticut from 1823 to 1824. Died at Farm- 
ington, November 18, 1841. 

"WTiitmore, George 'W.; was born in McMinn 
County, Tennessee, August 26, 1824; received a good 
education; removed to Texas in 1848; studied and 
practiced law; was a member of the State Housed 
Representatives in 1852, 1H53, and 1858; was impris- 
oned by the Confederate authorities on account of his 
political sentiments, and kept in prison until a board 
of surgeons pronounced his release necessary; in 18lj6 
was appointed Attorney of the Ninth Di.strict; was 
appointed Register in Bankruptcy in 1867 ; was 
elected a Representative from Texas to the Forty- 
first Congress. 

"WTiitney, Thomas R.; was born in New York 

City in 18U4; served two years in the Assembly of 
that State; devoted much of his life to literary pur- 
suits, having been at one time editor of the New York 
Sunday News; was the author of a poem called the 
"Ambuscade," and a political work entitled "The 
American Policy Vindicated "; was a Representative 
in Congress from New York from 1855 to 1857. Died 
AprU 12, 185S. 

"Whitney, 'William O. ; was born at Conway, 
Massachusetts, July 15, 1841; after graduating from 
Williston Seminary, at Easthanipton, Massachusetts, 
entered Yale College in 1859; entered the Law School 
of Harvard University, from which he was graduated 
in 1805; continued the study of law in the ofiice of 
Hon. Abraham R. Lawrence, in New York City; was 
admitted to the bar, and entered upon the practice of 
law in New York; in 1872 was appointed Inspector 
of Schools in the City of New York; the same year 
■was defeated, as the candidate of the Reform Democ- 
racy, for District Attorney of New York; in August, 
1875, was appointed Corporation Counsel of the City 
of New York; was re-appointed in 1876 and 1880; re- 
signed in 1882, after seven years' service; in March, 
1>85, became Secretary of the Navy in the Cabinet of 
President Cleveland. 

Whitson, W. C; was born in Indiana; emi- 
grated to Lewiston, Idaho; in 1874 was appointed an 
Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court 
for the Territory of Idaho. Died at Omaha, Nebraska, 
December 25, 1875. 

■Whittaker, John ; was the first Governor of 
Oregon after it tjecame a State, serving as such from 
1859 to 1862. 

■Whittemore, Benjamin F.; was born at 
Maiden, Massachusetts, in 1824; received an academic 
education; during his youth was employed in a 
manufacturing e.st.ablishmcnt belonging to his father; 
on becoming of age traveled extensively in Europe 
and South America, as well as California; subse- 
quently became a minister in the Methodist Church; 
served as a Chaplain in the army during the Rebel- 
lion; after the war .settled himself in South Carolina, 
and identified himself with the educational interests 
of the State; was Chairman of the Republican State 
Committee; wr.s a Delegate to the new State " Con- 
-ititutional Convention" of 1867; was the founder, 



and editor, of the New Era, published at Darlington, 
South Carolina; was also a member of the State Sen- 
ate; was elected a Representative from South Caro- 
lina to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Education and Labor; was re-elected to the 
Forty-first Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Reconstruction. 

■Whittemore, Elias ; was born in Rockingham 
County, New Hampshire; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1825 to 1827. 

"Whitthorne, Washington C; was born in 
Marshall County, Tennessee, April 19, 1825; gradu- 
ated at the East Tennessee University in 1843; 
studied law ; was a member of the State Senate for 
four years; in 1859 was elected to the Lower House 
of the Legislature of Tennessee, and made presiding 
officer; was Assistant Adjutant-General in the Pro- 
visional Army of Tennessee in 1861 ; was afterwards 
Adjutant-General of the State, which position he held 
until the close of the war; his disabilities were re- 
moved by Act of Congress, approved in 1870: was 
elected a Representative from Tennessee to the Forty- 
second, Forty-third, and Forty-fourth Congre.'^ses; in 
December. 1875, was appointed Chairman of the 
Committee on Naval Afliiirs; was re-elected to the 
Forty-filth, Forty-si.xth, and Forty-seventh Con- 
gresses; in April, 1886, was appointed a United States 
Senator, for the unexpired term of Howell E. Jack- 
son, resigned, serving until March 3, 1887. 

"Whittlesey, Elisha ; was born in Washington, 
Connecticut, October 19, 1783; passed a part of his 
boyhood on a farm; received an academic education; 
studied law; in 1806 removed to the Western Reserve 
of Ohio; served in the War of 1812 as Aid-de-camp to 
General E. Wadsworth; was, for sixteen years, a 
Prosecuting Attorney; was elected to the Legislature 
in 1820 and 1821; was a Representative in Congress 
from 1823 to 1839; was appointed, by President Har- 
rison, Auditor for the Post Office Department; was 
appointed, by President Taylor, First Comptroller of 
the Treasury, which office he continued to hold until 
the accession of President Buchanan; was again ap- 
pointed to the same position, by President Lincoln, 
in 1861. Died in Washington, January 7, 1863. 

"Whittlesey, Frederick ; was bom at Washing- 
ton, Connecticut, in June, 1709; graduated at Yale 
College in 1818; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar at Utica, New York, in 1821; settled in 
Rochester, New York, in 1822; was a Representative 
in Congress from 1831 to 1835; in 1839 was chosen 
Vice-Chancellor of the Eighth Judicial District of 
New York, and retained the ofBce eight years; was a 
Judge of the Supreme Court of the State; in 1850 was 
elected Professor of Law in Genesee College. Died 
at Rochester, New York, September 19, 1851. 

Whittlesey, Thomas T.; was bom in Connec- 
ticut; graduated at Yale College in 1817; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from his native State from 
1836 to 1839. 

"Whittlesey, "William A.; was bom in Connec- 
ticut; graduated at Yale College; studied law, and 
settled in practice in Ohio; was a Representative in 
Congress from that State trom 1849 to 1851. 

"Whyte, "William Pinkney; w.as bom at 
Baltimore, Maryland, in 1824; received a classical 
education; engaged in mercantile pursuits; gi'adu- 
ated at the Law Department of Harvard University, 
and came to the bar in 1846; in 1847 was elected to 
the Maryland House of Delegates; in 1853 v.'as elected 
State Comptroller; was a Delegate to the "New York 



BIUUKAI'HICAL ANNALS. 



543 



National Convention " of 1868, and soon afterwards 
■was appointed a Senator in Congress for tire unex- 
pired term of Kevordy .lolinson, resigned; served on 
the Committees on Public Buildings and Grounds, 
and Mines and Mining; was re-elected to the Senate 
for the terra commencing in 1875 and ending in 1881 ; 
in the latter year was elected Mayor of Baltimore. 

y Wick, "William W.; was bom at Canonsburg, 
AVashington County, Pennsylvania, February 2'S, 
ITOG; received a classical educalion, and was pursu- 
ing a collegiate course when the death of his father 
threw him upon his own resources; then followed the 
occupation of a teacher, and devoted his leisure 
hours to the study of medicine until 1818, when he 
was induced to adopt the law as his profession; pros- 
ecuted his studies with the Hon. Thoni.ns Corwin; 
located for practice in F.ayette County, Indiana, in 
1820; vras, in that year, Assistant Clerk of the Indi- 
ana House of Representatives, and in 1821 Assistant 
Secretary of the State Senate; in 1822 was chosen 
President ,Tndge of the Fifth .ludicial Circuit of In- 
diana; in 1825 became Secretary of State; in 182'J 
was Attorney for the State in the Fifth .Judicial Cir- 
cuit, from which office he retired in 18^1; was Presi- 
dent Judge for three years; in 1839 was elected a 
Representative in Congress from Indiana; was again 
in Congress in 1845 and 1847; in 1850 was again cho- 
sen President .Judge; from IHXi to 1857 was Postmas- 
ter at Indianapolis; served in the Militia of the State 
as Brigadier-CJeueral, Quartermaster, and .■Vdjutantr 
General; in 1857 resumed the practice of his profes- 
sion. Died in Franklin County, May 19, 1868. 

Wickersham, James P.; was born in Chester 
County, Pennsylvania, March 5, 1825; removed to 
Lancaster County in 1845; received the degree of A. 
M. from Washington College and that of LL. D. from 
Lafayette College; was. successively, Principal of 
'•larietta Academy, Pennsylvania; County Superin- 
tendent of Schools in Lancaster County, Pennsyl- 
vania; Principal of the State Normal School, at Mil- 
lersville, and from ISGf! to 18S1, State Superintend- 
ent of Public Instruction; in 1853 was President of 
the Lancaster County Educational Association; in 
1855 became President of the Pennsylvania State 
Teachers' Association; in 1865 was made President of 
the National Educational Association, and subse- 
qnently of the National Superintendents' Associa- 
tion; was the author of several books on education, 
.some of which have been translated into a number 
of foreign languages; in 1882 was appointed, by Pres- 
ident Arthur, United States Minister to Denmark; 
after spending the summer at Copenhagen, resigned 
the position on account of ill-health; was a Presiden- 
tial Elector in 1884. 

Wickea, Eliphalet ; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1805 to 1807. 

■Wickliffe, Charles A.; was bom in Bardstown, 
Kentucky, June 8, 1788; was educated at the Bards- 
town grammar school; studied law, and attained a 
high position at the bar; in 1812 w.is appointed Aid- 
de-camp to General Winlock; during the same year, 
was elected to the State Legislature; was re-elected 
in 1813; was at the battle of the Thames as Aid to 
General Caldwell, after which hewas again elected to 
the Legislature, where he continued until elected a 
Representative from Kentucky to Congress in 1833; 
was four times re-elected; was, for several sessions, 
Chairman of the Committee on Public Lands; on his 
retirement from Congress, in 1833, was again elected 
to the Legislature, and was Speaker in 1834; in 1836 
was elected Lieutenant-Governor of Kentucky; on 
he death of Governor Clark, in 1839, became Acting 



Governor; in 1841 was appointed, by President Ty. 
ler, Postmaster-General; in 1845 was .sent, by Presi- 
dent Polk, on a secret mission to Texas, in connec- 
tion with its annexation to the United States; in 184S 
was a member of the Convention called to Revise the 
State Constitution; in 1861 again became a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Kentucky, having pre- 
viously occupied a seat in the "Peace Convention" 
of February in that year, and served to the close of 
the Thirty-seventh Congress; was a Delegate to the 
"Cliicago Convention" of 1866; in 1869, after prac- 
ticing law for lifty-eight years, and when blind, he 
delivered his last legal argument. Died in Mary- 
land, October 31, 1869. 

"Wickliffe, Robert, Jr.; was a citizen of Ken- 
tucky; in 1843 was appointed Charge d' Affaires to 
Sardinia, where he remained until 1848. Died in 
Kentucky, August 29^ 1850. 

"Wickliffe, Robert C; was bom in Kentucky; 
removed to Louisiana; was Governor of that State 
from 18.58 to 186;j. 

"Widgery, "William ; was born in Philadelphia, 

Pennsylvania, in 17."):!; was Lieutenant of a Priva- 
teer in the Revolutionary War; served in the Massa- 
chusetts Legislature in 178J, 17itl, 1793, 1794, and 
1797; was a .State Councilor in 1806 and 1807; was 
a Representative iu Congress from Massachusetts, 
from 1811 to 1813: was Judge of the Court of Com- 
mon Pleas from 1813 to 1822. Died in Boston, 
August 7, 1822. 

"Wigfall, Le-wis T. ; was a Senator in Congres-s 
from Texas, from 1859 until that State seceded, when 
he became identified with the great Rebellion as a 
Brigadier-General; was expelled from the Senate in 
July, ISiil; after the war settled in Loudon, En- 
gland. Declined, by letter, to give the author any 
information. 

"Wiggrinton, Peter D.; was born in Springfield, 
Illinois, September 6, 1839; received a common 
school education; graduated at the University of 
Wisconsin; studied law, and came to the bar in 
1860; removed to California; in 1864 was elected 
District Attorney for Merced County, in that State; 
in 1875 was elected a Representative from California 
to the Forty-fourth Congress; was re-elected to the 
Forty-fifth Congress. 

"Wike, Scott; was bom at Mead\ille. Cr.awford 
County, Pennsylvania, April 6, 1824; removed, with 
his parents, to Quincy, Illinois, in 1838, and to Pike 
County, in th.at State, in 1844; entered Lombard 
University in 1854, and graduated in the Scientific 
Department in 1857; studied law at Harv.ard Uni- 
versity; graduated, and was admitted to the bar in 
1859; commenced the practice of law at Pittsfield, 
Illinois; in 1862 was elected to the Legislature; was 
re-elected in 1864, serving until 1867; in 1874 was 
elected a Representative from Illinois to the Forty- 
fourth Congress. 

"Wilber, David ; was bom in Schenectady County, 
New York, October 5, 1820; received a common 
school education; worked as a farm laborer; culti- 
vated land on shares; became the owner of real 
estate, and was interested in the lumber trade and in 
farming; was, for several years, interested in the 
Second National Bank at Cooperstown, and the bank 
at Oneonta; was elected a Representative from New 
York to the Forty-third Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Public Expenditures; was also elected 
to the Forty-sixth Congress. 



644 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



"Wilbur, Isaac ; was bora in Rhode Island; was, 
for many years. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court 
of the State; in 1306 was Acting Governor; was a 
Representative in Congress from Rhode Island, from 
1807 to 18U9. 

"Wilcox, Jeduthun ; was born in New Hamp- 
shire in 1769; was a Representative in Congress from 
1813 to 1817. Died at Oxford, New Hampshire, in 
July, 1838. 

"Wilcox, John A.; was born in North Carolina; 
removed to Mississippi: was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress from that State from 1851 to 1853. 

"Wilcox, Leonard ; was a native of New Hamp- 
shire; graduated at Dartmouth College in 1817; was 
a member of the State Legislature: was a Judge of 
the Superior Court; was a Senator in Congress from 
New Hampshire during the years 1842 and 1843. 
Died in 1850, aged tifty years. 

WUde, Kichard Henry ; was born in the City 
of Dublin, Ireland, .September "24. 1789; his child- 
hood was pas.sed in Baltimore, Maryland; hi.s father 
having died, he obtained the rudiments of learning 
from his mother and a private tutor, and in his 
eleventh year was placed as a clerk in a store; in 
1802 went, with his mother, to Augu.sta, Georgia; 
obtained a livelihood by merchandising, in a small 
way, devoting all his Iei.sure to books; under many 
difficulties, studied law; practiced with success; also 
devoted himself to polite literature; as an Advocate, 
rose to eminence; was made Attorney-General of 
Georgia; in 1815 was elected a Representative in 
Congress from that State; was again elected in 1823, 
and again in 1S27, serving with marked ability until 
1835: after leaving Congress, visited Europe, and on 
his return devoted himself to literature, politics, and 
law; in 1843 removed to New Orlean.s, Louisiana, 
where he added to his reputation as a lawyer, and 
was elected Professor of Constitutional Law in the 
University of Louisiana: one of his lyrics, entitled 
"My Life is Like a Summer Rose. ' attracted the 
praise of Lord Bvrou; hi.s literary productions were 
quite numerous, and they all bear the impress of a 
gifted and highly educated mind: his principal work 
was a " Life of Ta.sso," which evinced his familiarity 
with Italian literature, and gave him a rank among 
the best scholars. Died in New Orleans, September 
10, 1847. 

"Wilder, A. Carter; was born in Mendon, AVor- 
chester County, Massachusetts, March 18, 1828; in 
1850 removed to Rochester, New York, ami in 18.57 
to Kansas, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits; 
was a Delegate to the "'Chicago Convention" in 
1860; in 18ij2 was elected a Representative from 
Kansas to the Thirty-eighth Coi gre^s, serving on the 
Committee on Indian .Vftairs; was a Delegate to the 
"Baltimore Convention"' of 1864. Died in San 
Francisco, California, December 23, 1875. 

"Wildman, Zalmon ; was a native of Danbury, 
Connecticut; was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress from that State from 1835 to 1836. Died at 
"\Vashington. District of Columbia, December 10, 
1835, before the expiration of his term. 

"Wildrick, Isaac ; was born in N'ew Jersey; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
lS49tol853. 

"Wiley, James S.; was bom in Maine; gradu- 
.ated at Waterville College in 1830: studied law; was 
a Representative in Congress from Maine from 1*47 
to IS49. 



Wilkin, James "W.; was born in 1762; gradu- 
ated at Princeton College in 1785; was a member of 
the Legislature of New York in 1800; held many 
other places in the gift of his fellow-citizens; was a 
Representative in Congress from 1815 to 1819. Died 
at Goshen, New Y'ork, February 23, 1845. 

"Wilkin, Samuel J.; was born in New York in 
1790; graduated at Princeton College in 1812; was a 
member of the State Assembly, from Orange County, 
in 1824 and 1825; was a Representative in Congress 
from New Y'ork from 1831 to 1833; was the Whig 
candidate for Lieutenant-Governor on the ticket with 
Millard Fillmore. Died in Goshen, Orange County, 
New York, March 11, 1866. 

"Wilkins, Beriah; was born in Union County. 
Ohio, July, 10, 1846; was educated in the common 
schools at Marysville, Ohio; was engaged in mer- 
cantile pursuits at that place until 1868; then be- 
came Cashier and General Manager of the Farmers' 
and .Merchants" (now) National Bank at LTrichsville, 
Ohio; held several minor offices in the village; was 
elected a State Senator in 187'.); was a member of the 
Democratic State Central Committee in 1882; was 
elected a Representative from Ohio to the Foriy- 
eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-ninth 
Congress. 

"Wilkins, Ross ; was born in I'ennsylvania ; was 
educated for the bar in that State; removed to the 
West at an early day, with a commission in his pocket, 
from President Jackson, as a Federal Judge for the 
Territory of Michigan; in 1837, and on several sub- 
sequent occasions, was appointed a Regent of the 
State University; aside from exerting much influence 
in his judicial capacity, always took an interest in 
the public affairs of the .State: presided over the lirst 
war-meeting held in Detroit after the commencement 
of the Rebellion; was, for a great many years, a Circuit 
Uidge, remaining in office until the summer of 1870, 
when he voluntarily retired from the Bench; con- 
tinued to reside in the City of Detroit. 

"Wilkins, "William ; was born in 1779; was a 
Senator in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1831 to 
1834; was appointed Minister Plenipotentiary to 
Russia in 1834; was a Representative in Congress 
from 1843 to 1844; in 1844 and 1845 was Secretary 
of War under President Tyler; subsequently held 
the office of .Tudge of the United States District 
Court for Western Pennsylvania. Died near Pitts- 
burgh, June 23, 1865. 

"Wilkinson, James ; was born near Benedict, 
Maryland, in 1757; studied at the Medical School of 
Philadelphia in 1773; entered the Revolutionary 
Army after the battle of Bunker Hill; was made 
Ciiptain by General Washington in 1776, and served 
under Arnold in the Northern .A.rmy; became Briga- 
dier-General, and bore to Congress the announce- 
ment of Burgoyne's surrender; was appointed Secre- 
tary of the I'.oard of War, but being implicated in 
the Conway Cabal, resigned that position and was 
appointed Clothier-General to the .\rmy; after the 
war settled in Lexington, Kentucky, and engaged in 
mercjintile pursuits; in 1791 was appointed to the 
command of an expedition on the Wabash; in 1792 
commanded the right wing of Wayne's Army; re- 
ceived Louisiana from the French in 1803, as joint 
Commissioner with Claiborne; was(;overnorof Louis- 
iana Territory fnmi 1805 to 1807; was General-in- 
Chief of the Army, and remained at the head of the 
Southern Department until court-nuirtialed in 1811; 
was honorably acquitted: in 1812 was appointed 
Brevet .Major-Geueral; iu 1813 became Major-Gen" 



BlU GRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



545 



eral, and, after effective service at Mobile, was 
ordered to the northern frontier; his service in Can- 
ada was unsuccessful because of disagreement with 
General Wade Hampton, and he was again conrt- 
niartialed and acquitted; after the war removed to 
Mexico, where he purchased large estates. Died 
near the City of Mexico, December 28, 1825. 

"Wilkinaon, Morton S.; was bom at Skaneat- 
eles, Onondaga County, New York, January 22, 
1819; received an academic education, working oeca- 
sionallj' upon his father's farm; in 1837 removed to 
Illinois; for two yeara was employed upon the rail- 
road works, then commenced in that State; returned 
to his native town; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar, after which he again removed to the West, 
and settled at Eaton Rapids, in Michigan; in 1847 
settled in Minnesota; in 1849, when that Territory 
was organized, was elected to the Legislature, and 
the laws adopted by the Territory as its code were 
of his draughting; in 1859 was chosen a Senator in 
Congress from Minnesota for the term ending in 1865, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on Revolu- 
tionary Claims, and as a member of the Committee 
on Indian Affairs; was also a Delegate to the "Bal- 
timore Convention" of 1864, and to the Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 1866; was subsequently 
elected to the Forty-first Congress as a Representa- 
tive from Minnesota, serving on the Committees on 
Foreign Affairs and on the Ninth Census. 

WiUard, Ashbel P.; was Governor of Indiana 
from 18)7 until his death, ia 1861. 

"Willard, Charles W.; was born at Lyndon, 
Caledonia County, Vermont, June 18. 1827; gradu- 
ated at Dartmouth College in 18.t1; studied law, 
and came to the bar at Montpelier in 1853; was 
elected Secretary of State in 1855, and declined a 
re-election; was elected a State Senator in 18(i0; in 
1861 became the editor of the Green Mountain Free- 
man; in 1868 was elected a Representative from Ver- 
mont to the Forty-first Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Foreign AtK^irs and Revolutionary Pen- 
sions; was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on Revolu- 
tionary Pensions and War of 1812. 

Willard, George ; was born in Bolton, Ver- 
mont, March 20, 1324; received a liberal education; 
removed to Michigan; was, tor two years, a Professor 
ill Kalamazoo College; was editor and publisher of 
the Baltte Creek Journal; was a member of the Mich- 
igan Board of Education from 1857 to 1863; was 
made Regent of the University of Michigan in 1863; 
was a member of the State Constitutional Conven- 
tion; was a Delegate to the Republican National 
Convention in 1872; was elected a Representative 
from Michigan to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth 
Congresses, serving on the Committee on Coinage, 
Weights, and Measures and Civil Service. 

Willey, Calvin; was bom at East Haddam, 
Connecticut, September 15. 1776; read law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1798; served in the State Leg- 
islature and Senate a number of years; was Post- 
master at Stafford Springs eight years; was a Judge 
of Probate for seven years; in 1824 was a Presiden- 
tial Elector; was a Senator in Congress from 1825 to 
1831. Died at Stafford, Connecticut, August 23. 

ia58. 

"Willey, Waitman T.; was born in the valley 
of Buffalo Creek, Monongalia Count}', Virginia, Oc- 
tober 18. 1811; received a common school education; 
graduated at Madison College in 1831; studied law, 
line came to the bar in 1833; in 1841 was elected 

35 



Clerk of the Monongalia County Court; was subse- 
quently elected Clerk of the Circuit Court, holding 
the two positions, in all, fourteen years; in 1850 was 
elected to the Convention to Reform the Constitution 
of Virginia; in 1853 delivered a series of lectures on 
Methodism, acted with various local societies, lec- 
tured on various topics, and wrote for the reviews; 
in 1858 was a Delegate to the " National Convention" 
of that year; in the winter of 1860 and 1861 was a 
Delegate to the "Richmond Convention"; in 1861 
was elected, by the reorganized Legislature of Vir- 
ginia, a Sen.ator in Congress; at tlie close of that 
year was a Delegate to the Wheeling " Constitutional 
Convention "; in 1863 was elected a Senator in Con- 
gress from West Virginia, serving on the Committees 
on Naval Affairs, the District of Columbia, and En- 
grossed Bills; in 1863 the degree of LL.D. was con- 
ferred upon him by Allegheny College, Pennsylvania; 
in 1864 was re-elected to the Senate for the term 
commencing in 1865 and ending in 1871, serving aa 
Chairman of the Committee on Patents and the 
Patent Office, and also of that on Claims; was also a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1866. 

■Williams, Alpheus S.; was born at Saybrook, 
Connecticut, September 20, 1810; graduated at Yale 
College in 1831; then traveled in Europe two years; 
settled in Detroit, Michigan, in 1836, and there prac- 
ticed law; from 1840 to 1844 was Judge of Probate 
for Wayne County; was Recorder of the City of De- 
troit; from 1843 to 1847 was proprietor, and editor, 
of the Detroit Daily Advertiser; served through the 
Mexican War as Lieutenant-Colonel; in 1849 was ap- 
pointed, by President Taylor, I'ostmaster of Detroit; 
when the Civil War began, was made Major-General 
of Militia, and was President of the State Military 
Board; was subsequently appointed a Brigadier- 
General in the National Army, and performed much 
service on the upper Potomac; had command of a Di- 
vision at Winchester; was at Cedar Mountain and 
Manassas; after the battle of South Mountain suc- 
ceeded General N. P. Banks as Corps Commander; 
commanded the Twelfth Corps at Antietam; was in. 
the battles of Chancellorville and Gettysburg, and 
went through the Atlanta campaign; while vrith 
Sherman, in the " March to the Sea," was brevetted 
a Major-Geueral, for gallant and meritorious services; 
was afterwards on duty in Arkansas; was mustered 
out in 1866; was a Commissioner to settle Military 
Claims for Missouri; from 1866 to 1869 was Minister 
Resident to San Salvador; in 1874 was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Michigan to the Forty-fourth Con- 
gress; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 
Died December 21, 1878. 

"Williams, Andrew; was born in Canada, 
August 27, 1828; received a common school educa- 
tion; began business as a manufacturer of bloom 
iron in 1855, in which he became largely engaged; 
was a Director in the New York and Canada Rail- 
road; nc\ r lield any public office until elected a Rep- 
resentative from New York to the Forty-fourth Con- 
gress; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

"Williams, Archibald; was born in Kentucky; 
settled iu Illinois; was appointed Judge of the 
United States Court for the District of Kansas, re- 
siding at Toijeka. 

"Williams, Benjamin ; was a native of North 
Carolina; was a patriot of the Revolution; was a 
member of Congress from 1793 to 1795; also served 
many years in the State Legislature; was twice 
elected Governor of North Carolina — in 1799 and 
1807. Died in Moore County, North Caroli::a. 



,-.4(; 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Williams, Charles G-.; was born at Royalton, 
New York, October IS, 13'29; received a good educa- 
tion; studied law at Rochester; removed to Wiscon- 
xin in ISoti. and practiced his profession; was a Pres- 
idential Elector in 1868; was elected to the State Sen- 
ate for two years, and chosen President pro Icm.: in 
1870 was appointed Chairman of the Committee to 
inspect the various charitable and penal institutions 
of the State; was elected to the Forty-third and 
I'orty-tourth Congresses, serving on the Committee 
<iu Foreign Atiairs; was re-elected to the Forty-tilth, 
I'orty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Contircsses; in March, 
188'3, was appointed Register of a Land District in 
Soutlieru Dakota; as Chairman of the C mimittee on 
Foreign Affairs in the Forty-seventh Congress, he se- 
<:'iired the passage of a measure for the return, to 
Japan, of the historical fund known as the Japanese 
Indemnity Fund, which had, lor twenty years, been 
a serious drawback to the friendly relations of the 
two countries; his appeal to the House in behalf of 
this measure was one of the most eloquent addresses 
delivered in that body for many years, and resulted 
in the passage of the bill by the unanimous vote of 
the House, amid great applause from the members; 
the amount involved was §-2,00O.O0l). 

"Williams, Charles Kilbourne ; was boru at 
Cambridge, Jlassachusetts, January 24, 1782; gradu- 
ated at Williams College in 1800; studied law, and 
practicedin Rutland County, Vermont; inl812served 
during one campaign ou the Northern frontier; be- 
tween 180!) and 1821 was several times Representa- 
tive, and again in 1849; was State's Attorney in 1814 
and 181 ">; was a Judge of the Supreme Court from 
1822 to 1821, and from 1829 to 1842; was Collector of 
Customs for the District of Vermont from 1825 to 
1829; received the degree of LL.D. from Jliddlebury 
College in 1834; was Chief Justice of the Supreme 
Court of Vermont from 1843 to 1846, and ex-officia 
Ciiancellor of the State; was President of the Coun- 
cil of Censors in 1847; was Governor of Vermont 
from 1850 to 1852. Died at Rutland, Vermont, 
March 9, 1853. 

"Williams, Christopher H.; was born in Ten- 
nessee; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1337 to 1843, and again from 1849 to 
1853. 

"Williams, David R.; was a Representative in 
Congress from South Carolina from 1805 to 1809, and 
again from 1811 to 1813, in which year he was ap- 
pointed, by I'resident Madison, a Brigadier-General; 
was Governor of South Carolina from 1814 to 1816. 

-^ "Williams, George H.; was born in Columbia 
County, New York, .March 23, 1823; received an aca- 
demic education iu Onondaga County; studied law, 
nad on being admitted to the bar, in 1844, imme- 
diately emigrated to Iowa; in 1~'47 was ele('ted Judge 
of the First Judicial District of that State; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1852; in 1853 received, from 
President Pierce, the appointment of Chief Justice of 
tlic 'territory of Oregon; was re-appointed, by Presi- 
dent Buchanan, in 1857, but resigni^d; was" a mem- 
ber of the " Constitutional Convention " which pre- 
ceded the formation of a State Government: in 18G1 
was elected a Senator in Congress fiom Oregon for the 
term commencing in 1865, and ending in 1771, serv- 
ing ou the Committees on the Judiciary, on claims, 
on Private Land Claims, on Finance, and ou the Spe- 
cial Committees on the liebellious States and Re- 
trenchment, and as Chairman of the Committees on 
the Expen.sesof the Senate and Private Land Claims; 
was mIso a member of the National Committee to 
accompany the remains of President Lincoln to Illi 



nois: in 1871 was appointed a member of the Com- 
mission to settle the Alabama Claims; in 1872 went 
into President Grant's Cabinet as Attorney-General ; 
in 1873 was nominated for Chief Justice of the 
LTnited States Supreme Court, but his name was 
withdrawn; resigned in May, 1875, and resumed th<' 
practice of his profession. 

"Williams, Henry; was born in Taunton, Mas 
sachusetts, in November, 1804; adopted the profes 
sion of the law; was a Representative in Congress 
from Mas.sachusetts from 1839 to 1841, and from 1843 
to 1845; was a State Senator for two years; was a 
Representative in the State Legislature for three 
years. 

"Williams, Hezekiah ; was born at "Woodstock. 
"Windsor County, Vermont, in 1798; graduated at 
Dartmouth College in 1820; studied law; was Regis- 
ter of Probate from 1824 to 1838; was a State Sena- 
tor from 1839 to 1841; was a Representative iu Con- 
gress from Maine from 1845 to 1849. Died October 
24. 1856. 

"Williams, Isaac, Jr.; was a native of New 
York; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1813 to 1815, from 1817 to 1819, and again 
from 1823 to 1825. 

"Williams, James ; was born at Philadelphia. 
Pennsylvania, Augu.st 4, 1825; attended school in 
that city; settled in Delaware, as a farmer, in 1814; 
in 1856 and 1862 was elected to the State Legisla- 
ture; in 18H6 was elected to the State Senate; was 
made Speaker of the Senate in 1869: was a member 
of the Baltimore Convention of 1872; in 1874 was 
elected a Rei^resentative from Delaware to the Forty- 
fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth 
Congress. 

"Williams, James D.; was born in Pickaway 
County, Ohio, January 8, 180S; removed, with his 
parents, to Knox County, Indiana, in 1818; received 
a common school education, and engaged in the busi- 
ness of farming and stock-raising; was elected to the 
State Legislature in 1843, 1847, 1851, 18.56, and 1868; 
was elected State Senator in 1858, and served four 
years; was re-elected in 1862 for four years, and again 
elected in 1S70; was a member of the State Board of 
Agriculture for seventeen years, serving four years of 
the time as President; in 1874 was elected a' Repre- 
sentative from Indiana to the Forty-fourth Congress; 
in December, 1875, was appointed Chairman of the 
Committee on Accounts; in 1876 was elected Gov- 
ernor of Indiana for the term of four years from Jan- 
nary, 1877. Died November 20, 1880. 

"Williams, James "W.; was a native of Mary- 
land; was, for many ,>ears, a prominent member of 
the Legislature of that State, being for a time Speaker 
of the House of Delegates in 1639; in May, 1841, was 
elected to Congress as a Representative, and con- 
tinued a member of that body until the time of his 
death, in December. 1842; when on his way to Wash- 
ington, December 2, 1843, was stricken with paraly- 
sis, while in his carriage, and survived the attaci; 
but a short time. His age was about fifty-five years. 

■Williams, Jared; was born in Montgomery 
Coimty. Maryland, March 4, 1766 ; in 18U was 
elected to the House of Delegates of Virginia, and 
served a number of years; was a Representative in 
Congress from Virginia from 1819 to 1825; in 1829 
was a Presidential Elector, voting for General Jack- 
son, and was appointed, by the Electoral College, to 
convey the certificate of "the vote to Washington; 



BlUUK-VrHiCAL ANNALS. 



547 



wlieu not in public life, was devoted to the pursuits 
of agiionlture. Died iu Frederick County, Virginia, 
January 2, 1831. 

"Williams, Jared "W.; was born in New Hamp- 
shire; graduated at Brown University in 1818; set- 
tled in Lancaster as a lawyer; was a Represuiitative 
in Congress from 18:57 to 1841 ; was Governor of New 
Hampshire from 1847 to 1849; was a Senator in Con- 
gress from 1853 to 1854, by appointment, in place of 
C G. Atherton, deceased : served several terms in the 
State Legislature. Died in Lancaster, New Hamp- 
shire, September 29, 18fJ4. 

"Williams, Jeremiah N.; was born in Barbour 
County, Alabama, in April, 18-.i9; graduated at the 
University of South Carol inu ; studied law and adopted 
the profession,- entered the Confederate service as a 
Majo'r, but ill-health forced him to retire; in 1872 
was elected to the Legislature, but was not permitted 
to take his seat; in 1874 was elected a Representative 
from Alabama to the Forty-fourth Congress; was re- 
elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

"Williams, John; was born in Hanover County. 
Virginia; removed to North Carolina, and was one 
of tiie first Judges under the State Constitution from 
1777 to 1790; was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress from North Carolina iu 1778 and 1779. Died 
in CiranWUe County, North Carolina, October, 1799. 

"Williams, John ; was a member of the New 
York Senate from 1777 to 1779, and from 1783 to 
1795, from Washington County; was a member of the 
Assembly from 1781 to 17S2; was a Representative 
iu Congress from New York from 1795 to 1799. 

W^illiams, John; was a Senator in Congress 
from Tennessee from' 1815 to I82:i, and was highly 
respected lor his talents and character. Died at 
Knoxville, August 7, 1837. 

"Williams, John; was a citizen of Tennessee; in 
1825 was appointed Charge d'Aff'tiiira to Central Amer- 
ica, where he remained only about one year. 

"Williams, John; was born in Utica in 1807; re- 
sided for a time in Sacketts Harbor, and then re- 
moved to Rochester in 1824; although generally en- 
gaged in mercantile pursuits, he was, in 1842, chosen 
au Alderman of Rochester; in 1852 elected Mayor of 
the Citj ; wasa Representative in Congress from 1855 
to 1857; in 1871 was made City Treasurer, and was 
re-elected in 1873 and 1875; always took a great inter- 
est iu military affairs; was made a Major-General of 
militia, and rendered good service, during the Re- 
hellion, in raising troops for the War. Died in Roch- 
ester, March 26, 1875. 

"Williams, John M. S.; was born in Richiaond, 
Virginia, August 14. 1S18: was well educated in 
Boston; was a merchant and ship owner; was a mem- 
ber of the State House of Kepre.-^cntatives in 1856, 
and of the Senate iu 1858; was a I'residential Elector 
in 18(;8; was elected to the Forty-third Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Post Oilice and Post 
Roads, and Department of State. Died at Cambridge, 
Massachusetts, JIarch 19, 1886. 

"Williams, John S.; was bom at Montgomery, 
Kentucky, in 1820; graduated at Oxford College, 
Ohio, in 1839; studied law, and entered upon its 
practice at Paris, Kentucky; served in the War with 
Mexico, first as Captain and afterwards as Colonel ; 
was a Representative in the State Legislature in 
1857; entered the Confederate service, in 1861, as 
Colonel, and was promoted to Brigadier-General, 



serving throughout the war; was several times a 
Delegate to National Conventions, and Presidential 
Elector; in 1875 was again in the Legislature; was 
elected a Senator of the United States from Kentucky 
for the term of six years from March 4, 1879. 

"Williams, John S.; was born in Niagara 
County. New York, December 14, 1825; received a 
liberal education; studied law; was admitted to the 
bar, and engaged in the practice of law; in 1853 re- 
moved to Lafayette, Indiana, where he contiuued 
the practice of his profession; in 1856 was elected 
Mayor of the City of Lafayette; was re-elected in 
1858; resumed the practice of law; was, for some 
time, editor of the Lafayette Daili/ Amerk-iiii; in the 
fall of 18(jl was authorized, by Governor Morton, to 
recruit the Sixty-third Regiment of Indiana A'olun- 
teers, and was commissioned Colonel of the regiment; 
was present, w-ith the First Battalion of his regi- 
ment, at the second battle of Bull Run; iu July, 
1803, was compelled, by ill-health, to resign his 
commission; resumed the practice of his profession; 
in 186(> was appointed, by President Johnson, Collec- 
tor of Internal Revenue for the Eighth District of 
Indiana; resigned in 1869; became the publisher of 
the Lafayette Sunilai/ Times; in April, 1885, was ap- 
poiiited Third Auditor of the United States Treasury 
Department. 

"Williams, Jonathan ; was born in Boston in 
1752; received a good education; was first in a count- 
iug-hou.se, and then made sevnal commercial voy- 
ages to tlic West Indies and to Europe; was a nephew 
of Dr. Franklin; was kindly received by him in En- 
;;land in 1770 and 1773, and was intrusted with 
letters of political imi^ortance; was iu France in 1777, 
and was appointed United States Commercial Agent; 
in 1785 returned, with Franklin, to the United 
States; was, for several years, a .ludge of the Court 
of Common Pleas, in Philadelphia; was appointed 
Jlajor of Artillery in 1801, and Inspector of Fortifi- 
cations; was Superintendent of West Point Academy; 
was Lieutenant Colonel of Engineers in 1802; Colonel 
from 1808 to 1812; was General of New York Militia 
from 1812 to 1815; was elected a Representative in 
Congress from Philadelphia in 1814; was Vice-Presi- 
dent of the American Philosophical Society; was the 
author of a work "On the Use of the Thermometer 
in Navigation," 1799; "Elements of Fortification,"' 
1801; " Kosciusko's Movements for Horse Artillery," 
1808. Died in Philadelphia, May 16, 1815. 

"Williams, Joseph; was an early emigrant to 
Iowa; in 1838 was appointed a United Slates Judge 
for that Territory; was subsequently appointed to 
the same office in Kansas. 

"Williams, Joseph H.; was horn in Maine; was 
(tovemor of that State from 1857 tj 1858. 

"Williams, Joseph L.; was bom in Tennessee; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1837 to 1843; was appointed an Associate 
Judge of the United States Court for the Territory of 
Dakota, residing at Yankton. 

"Williams, Lemuel ; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1765; was a Representative in Congress 
from Massachusetts from 1799 to 1805. Died in 1827. 

"Williams, Le-wis; was horn in Surry County, 
North Carolina; graduated at the University oil 
North Carolina in 18i)S; entered the Mouse of Com- 
mons of his native State in 181,3; was re-elected in 
1814; was a Representative in Congress from 1315 to 
1842, where, for his many good qualities and his 
long service, he was knov.n .as the "Father of t\.a 



548 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



House." Died in Washington, while representing 
his State in Congress, February 23, 1842, aged nearly 
sixty years. He was, for fil'teen years. Chairman of 
the Committee on Claims. 

■Williams, Marmaduke ; was born in Caswell 
County, North Carolina, April 6, 1772; was a lawyer 
by profession ; served as a Kepresentative in Congress 
from his native State from 1803 to 1809; in 1810 re- 
moved, with his family, to Madison County, Ala- 
bama, and thenc^ to Tuscaloosa, Alabama, in 1818; 
was repeatedly elected to the Legislature, and was a 
Delegate from Tuscaloosa County to the Convention 
which formed the State Constitution; was a candi- 
date for Governor, but was defeated by AVilliam W. 
Bibb; in 1S2G was appointed a Commissioner to ad- 
just the unsettled accounts between Alabama and 
Mississippi, growing out of their teiritorial relation- 
ship; in 1832 was elected Judgeof the County Court, 
which office he held until April, 1842, when he re- 
signed, having attained the age of seventy, which 
the Constitution declares a disqiialilication for the 
bench. Died in Tuscaloosa, October 29, 1850. 

Williams, Nathan; was born in New York; 
was a Representative in Congress from New York, 
from 1805 to 1807; served in the State Assembly from 
Onondaga in 1816, 1817, and 1818. 

"Williams, Reuel ; was bom in Hallowell (now 
Augusta), Maine, June 2, 1783; received an aca- 
demic education; was a lawyer by profession; was a 
Representative and Senator in the Legislature of 
Maine for twelve years; was a Senator in Congress 
from 1837 to 1843; received from Bowdoin College, 
the degree of LL. D., and was a Trustee of that insti- 
tution; was a Presidential Elector in 1836. Died at 
Augusta in 1862. 

■Williams, Bichard ; was born at Findlay, 
Ohio, November 15, 1836; removed to Oregon in 
1851; was educated at Willamette University; stud- 
ied law; was admitted to practice in 1858; was 
elected a Representative from Oregon to the Forty- 
fifth Congress. 

Williams, Robert ; was born in Caswell Coun- 
ty, Nortli Carolina; bred to the law; was a brother 
of Marmaduke Williams, and distinguished for his 
attainments; was an Adjutant-General of North 
Carolina; was a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1797 to 1803; was appointed Com- 
missioner of Land Titles in Mississippi Territory in 
1803; was Governor of the Territory of Mississippi 
trom 1805 to 1809; emigrated to Tennessee towards 
the close of his life. Died in Louisiana. 

Williams, Samuel Wells ; was born at Utica, 
New York, September. 1812; studied at the Rensse- 
laer .School, Troy; in 1833 went to China as a printer 
for the Jlissionary Board at Canton, and assisted iu 
editing the Cliinixv Repositiiri/ ; in 1837, while on a 
voyage to or from .Japan, obtained, from some ship- 
wrecked Japanese, a knowledge of their language; 
translated a treatise on smelting copper from the 
original, and made a version of tlie Book of Genesis 
and the Gospel of St. Matthew into Japanese; con- 
tributed to the Cliinese Chr;/xl,iiiiatliy ; published 
"Easy Lessons in Chinese," •'English and Chinese 
Vocabulary," and a "Chinese Commercial Guide"; 
returned to New York in 1845 and published " The 
Middle Kingdom"; from 1848 to 1851 edited the 
Chinese Jiepnsitori/ at Canton; in 1853 and 1854 was 
interpreter to Commodore Perry's .lapan Expedi- 
tion; in 1855 was Secretary and Interpeter to the 
United States legation; frequently served as Charge 



d^ Affaires; in 1856 published " Tonic Dictionary of 
the Chinese Language"; in 1858 assisted in the 
negotiations at Tientsen; in 18.59 went to Pekin to 
exchange the ratifications; in 18R0 lectured before 
the Smithsonian Institution and elsewhere in the 
United States; received the degree of LL.D. from 
Union College in 1850; returned to New York in 
1875, his last work before leaving China having been 
to publish a "Syllabic Dictionary of the Chinese 
Language." 

Williams, Sherrod; was bom in Kentucky; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
from 1835 to 1841. 

Williams, Thomas ; was born at Greensburg, 
Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, August 28, 
1806; graduated at Dickinson College in 1825; stud- 
ied law, and came to the bar in 1828; settled in 
Pittsburgh, from which place he was sent, as Senator 
to the State Legislature in 1838, and the three suc- 
ceeding years ; in 1860 was again elected to the lower 
house of the Legislature; in 1862 was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on the Judiciary; 
was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on the Judiciary, and on Coinage, 
AVeights and Measures; was re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on his old committees, and was one 
of the Managers of the Impeachment of Andrew 
Johnson. 

Williams, Thomas; was born in Greenville 
County, Virginia, August 11, 1825; in 1835 removed 
to Wetumpka, Alabama; received a limited educa- 
tion; became a lawyer, and also engaged in farming- 
was a Representative in the State Legislature in 
1878; was elected a Representative from Alabama to 
the Forty -sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth 
Congresses. j 

Williams, Thomas Hill ; was a native of North 
Carolina: read law, but relinquished the profession 
(or a clerkship in the War Department at Washing- 
ton; in 1805 was appointed, by President Jefferson, 
Register of the Land Office, and Commissioner for de- 
ciding Land Claims in the Territory of Mississippi; 
subsequently, for a few years, held the office of Col- 
lector of the Port of New Orleans; was a Senator in 
Congress from Mississippi from 1817 to 1831; late in 
life removed to Tennessee, and there died. 

Williams, Thomas H.; emigrated to the north- 
ern part of lilississippi soon after the cession of In- 
dian Territory to that quarter; was a Senator in Con- 
gress from Mississippi, by executive appointment, 
during the years 1838 and 1839. 

Williams, Thomas Scott ; was bora at Weth- 
erslield. Connecticut, .Tune 26, 1777; graduated at 
Yale College in 1794; studied law at Litchfield; was 
admitted to the bar in Windham County in 1799, and 
commenced practice at Mansfield, whence he removed 
to Hartford in 1803; in 1809 was appointed Attorney 
of the Board of Managers of the School Fund; rep- 
resented the town of Hartford in the General Assem- 
bly for seven terms, from 1813 to 1829; was elected a 
Representative in Congress from Connecticut from 
1817 to 1819; in 1829 was appointed an Associate 
Judge of the Supreme Court of Errors; in 1834 was 
appointed Chief .Justice, and in the same year re- 
ceived the degree of LL.D. from Yale College; w;xs 
Mayor of the city of Hartford from 1831 to 1835; in 
1847 resigned his position as Chief Justice, his term 
having expired by C';(nstitutional limitation; was a 
Presidential Elector ih 1848; was, for twenty years. 
President of the American Asylum for the Deaf and 



r. 1 (> G K A r H I C A T- A \ X A L S . 



549 



Dumb, and, for a long time, Vice-President of the In- 
sane Retreat at Hartford, and of the Board of For- 
eign Missions, and subsei|uently President of the 
American Tract Society; lived in retirement at Hart- 
ford, until December 15,1861, when he died, leaving 
a much-loved name for his benevolence. 

"Williams, Thomas W.; was born in Stoning- 
ton, Connecticut, September 28, 178i); was educated 
at Plaiutield and Stonington Academies; received a 
commercial education in New York City; was engaged 
in mercantile business in New London, Connecticut, 
for many years; was a Representative in Congress 
from Connecticut from 1839 to 1843; was a member 
of the Legislature in 1846; was chosen Presidential 
Elector in 1848. 

■Williams, "William; was born in Lebanon, 
Windham County, Connecticut, Aprils, 1731; grad- 
uated at Harvard University in li.")l; in 1755 was 
■commissioned as a Staff Officer; after one campaign 
among the Indians, returned home and commenced 
the mercantile business; was soon alter elected Town 
Clerk, a member of the Assembly of Connecticut. 
and a Justice of the Peace, and was, for nearly one 
hundred sessions, member. Clerk, or Speaker of the 
House of Representatives; at the commencement of 
the War of the Revolution was a member of the 
Council of Safety; was one of the signers of the Dec- 
laration of Independence; was a Delegate to the Con- 
tinental Congress from 177(! to 1778, and again in 
1783 and 1784; when the Government Treasury was 
drained, he gave to his country what he called hi-, 
"last mite." which amounted to more than two 
thousand dollars, and was very fortunate in obtain- 
ing donations from others; for forty years held the 
more honorable local offices of his town and county; 
was a member of the Convention which framed the 
first Constitution of Connecticut. Died August 'J. 
1811, greatly lamented. 

"Williams, "William ; was born near Carlisle. 
Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, Jlay 11, 1821; 
received a good English education; adopted the pro- 
fession of the law; on removing to Indiana, was cho- 
sen Treasurer of Kosciusko County in 1850; in 1852 
was the unsuccessful Whig candidate for Lieutenant- 
Governor of the State; in 1860 was chosen, by the 
Legislature, Director of the Northern Indiana State 
Prison; in 1862 was commissioned, by the Governor, 
Commandant of Camp Allen with the rank of Colonel; 
in 1864 was appointed an additional Paymaster in 
the United States Army; in ISHG was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Indiana to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on the District of Colum- 
bia, Expenditures in tlie War Department, and Edu- 
cation in the District of Columbia; was re-elected to 
tlie tliree succeeding Congresses, serving on various 
Committees; in 18S2 was appointed Charge d'Affaires 
to Paraguay and Uruguay. 

"Williams, "William; was born in Bolton, Con- 
necticut, September 6. 1815; received a good educa- 
tion; became a banker and railroad president; was 
elected to the Legislature of New York in 1866 and 
1867; waseleited to the Forty-second Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Indian -Vfl'airs, and Terri- 
tories, and District of Columbia. 

"Williams, "William B.; was born in Pittsford, 
New York, July 28, 1826; graduated at the State and 
National Law School at Ballston Spa, in 1851; was 
admitted to the bar in 1851; removed to Michigan in 
1855; was elected Judge of Probate in 1856 and 1860; 
was elected to the State Senate in 1866 and 1868, 
I'resident jjro tern, in 1869; was elected to the Consti- 



tutional Convention of 1867; in 1871 was appointed 
a member of the Board for the Supervisory Control 
of the Charitable, I'tnal, and Beneficiary Institutions 
of the State; was elected to the Forty-third and 
Forty-fourth Congresses, serving on the Commit- 
tees on the I'acilic l.ai.road. and Revolutionary Pen- 
sions. 

"WilliameOQ, George; was a citizen of Louis- 
iana; in 1873 was appointed Minister Resident to 
Costa Rica, and also accredited to Guatemala, Nica- 
ragua, and Honduras. 

"Williamson, Hugh ; was born in Pennsylvania. 
December ."), 1735; graduated from the University of 
Pennsylvania in 1757; studied theology, and preached 
two years; in 1760 was appointed Professor of 
Mathematics in the University of Pennsylvania; re- 
signed in 1764, and went to Edinburgh, Scotland, to 
study medicine; on his return, in 1772, settled in 
practice in Philadelphia: again visited Europe, and 
had much to do with matters connected with the 
Revolution; su'osequently engaged in commercial 
pursuits, and an accident took him to Edenton. 
North Carolina; with that State was long and 
honorably identified; served a number of years in the 
House of Commons; also served in the Continental 
Congress I'rom 1782 to 1785, and from 1787 to 1788; 
was a Delegate to the Convention which framed the 
Constitution of the United States, and signed the 
same; was a Representative in Congress from North 
Carolina from 1790 to 1793; was one of those who 
voted for locating the Seat of Government on the Po- 
tomac; in 1811 published a work on the Climate of 
.■Vmerica; in 1812, a History of North Carolina; was 
associated with DeWitt Clinton, in 1814, in forming 
the Literary and Philosophical Society of New York; 
enjoyed the respect of all who knew him, and died 
universally lamented. Died suddenly. May 22, 1819. 

"Williamson, Isaac H.; was born in Elizabeth- 
town, New Jersey, in 1769; received a common 
school education; studied law. and was admitted to 
the bar in 1791; was Prosecuting Attorney for Morris 
County; in 1817 was a member of the Assembly; 
was Governor and Chancellor of the State from 1817 
to 1829; was President of the State Constitutional 
Convention of 1844; received the degree of LL.D. 
from New .lersev College in 1839. Died in Elizabeth- 
town, July 10, 1844. 

"Williamson, James Alexander; was born 
in Adair County, Kentucky, February 8, 1829; re- 
moved to Indiana in infancy, and thence to Iowa Ter- 
ritory at the age of sixteen; wa's educated at Knox 
College, Illinois; studied law, and was admitted to 
practice in 1854; became a resident of Fort Des 
Moines, (now Des Moines), Iowa, in 1855, at which 
place he, thereafter, maintained a residence, although 
at times temporarily residing elsewhere; was ap- 
pointed School Fund Commissioner of Keokuk Coun- 
ty, Iowa, iu 18,52; entered the "Volunteer Service of 
the United States in 1861 as First Lieutenant and 
Adjutant of the Fourth Regim-nt, Iowa Voluuteer 
Infantry; immediately after the battle of Pea Ridge 
was promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel, and, a few 
days later, to Colonel of his Regiment; at the close of 
the Atlanta campaign was promoted to brevet Brig- 
adier-General and Brigadier-General, and later to 
brevet Major-General; was appointed Chairman of 
the Iowa Delegation to the Republican National Con- 
vention of 1864, but did not leave his place in the 
army to attend; was appointed Chairman of the Iowa 
Delegation to the Republican Natiimal Convention of 
1868, and served as such; in Jnne, 1876, was ap- 
pointed, by President Grant, Commissioner of the 



550 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



General Land Office, at Washington City, and held 
the office until 1881, when he resigned to resume the 
practice of law. 

Williamson, John G. A.; _ was appointed 
Charge d' Affaire" to Caraccas in 183c.. Died in that 
country August 7, 1840. 

Williamson, William D.; was bom in Canter- 
burv, Connecticut, .July :!1, 1779; fTaduafed at 
Brown University in 18U4; studied and adopted law 
as a profession, commencing practice in 1807, at 
Ban-or, Maine; was, for seven years, in the Senate 
of Ma,ssachusetts, before the separation ot Mai°e; 
w.xs a Senator in the Maine Legislature in 18.1 , part 
of that year was Acting Governor ot ^ ^'^^j^^^^i^ 
member of Congress from Ma'ne from 8-' toL~3 
was a Judge of Probate Irom 182, to l^-*". ^«J^ 
Bank Commissioner from 18:!8 to 1S41; wa.s the 
author of a History of Maine. Died at Bangor, Maj 
27, 1846. 

Willie Asa H.; was born in AVashington, 
Georgia October 11, 1829; removed to Washington 
Counly, Texas, in 1846, and studied law; was^ re- 
licNcd of the disability of non-age, and admitted to 
the bar in 1848. and commenced the practice ot law; 
in 18,V3 was elected Attorney of the Ihird District of 
Texas; served in the Confederate Army during the 
war- in lSG(i was elected one of the Judges ot the 
Supreme Court of Texas, and held that office until 
1867 when he was removed by the military authori- 
ties; 'was elected to the Forty-third Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Commerce. 

Willing, Thomas ; was one of the first to sug- 
gest resisting the British in Pennsylvania; was Chair- 
man of a l;evolutionary meeting in June, 1774; was 
a Delegate to the Continental Congress in 177.. and 
1776. 

Willis Albert S.; was born in Shelby County, 
Kentucky. January 22, 1843; received a good educa- 
tion- taught school for four years; graduated at the 
Louisville Law School in 1866, and commenced prac- 
tice; was elected County Attorney in 1870, and re- 
elected in 1874, serving until he was elected to Con- 
gress; was elected a Representative from Kentucky 
to the Forty-fifth, Forty-si.xth. Forty-seventh, Forty, 
eighth and Forty -ninth Congresses. 

Willis, Benjamin A.; was born in Roslyn, 
Queens County, Long Island, in 1840; graduated at 
Union College in 18GI. and was at once admitted to 
the bar; in °1 862 entered the army as Captain of. a 
cf.mpany raised at his own expense, which was as- 
signed to the One Hundred and Nineteenth Regiment, 
New York Volunteers; participated in the battles of 
Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Lookout Mountain, and 
AVanhatchen, and was twice pron'oted; in 1804 was 
honorably discharged, and resumed the pra<-tice of 
law in New York City; was an advocate of Reform, 
and opened tlie i-orrespondence in opposition to Tam- 
many Hall, whicli culminated in its overthrow; be- 
came, a member of the Grand .\rniy of the Republic; 
was elected a Reiiresentative to the Forty-fourth 
Congress from New York; was re-elected to the 
Forty-fifth Congress. Died October 15, 1886. 

Willis, Francis ; was bom in Frederick County, 
Virginia, January 5, 1725; received a good education : 
removed'to Georgia in 1784; was a Representative in 
Congress from that State from 1791 to 1793; in 1811 
took~up his residence in Tennessee, and led the life 
of a retired gentleman. Died in Maury County, 
Tennessee, January 25, 1829. 



Willits Edwin ; was born at Otto, New Y'ork, 
A.pril 24 1830; removed to Michigan in 1836; grad- 
uated at the Michigan University in 1855; located at 
Monroe Michigan, in 18.56; studied law; was admit- 
ted to the bar, and commenced practice in 185/ ; was 
Prosecuting Attorney of Monroe County froni 1860 
to 1862- was a member of the State Board of Educa- 
tion from 1860 to 1872; was Postmaster at Monroe 
from 1863 to 1866; was elected a Representative from 
Michigan to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty- 
seventh Congresses. 

Willoston, Lorenzo P.; wasborn in New York; 
removed to Pennsylvania; was appointed, from that 
State, an Associate .Tustice of the United States 
Court for the Territory of Dakota. 

Willoughby, Westel, Jr.; was a Representa,- 
tive in Congress from New York from 1-16 to 1817. 

Wilmot, David ; was born at Bethany, Wayne 
County, Pennsvlvania, January 20, 1814; was edu- 
cated at Bethany Academy, and at Aurora, Cayuga 
County, New York; read law, and was admitted to 
thebaVin 1834; was a member of Congress from 1845 
to 1851; was subsequently President Judge of the 
Thiiteenth Judicial District of Pennsylvania, which 
position he resigned, and to which he was re-elected; 
was the author of a slavery proviso, which caused 
some excitement in Congress when he was a member; 
in 1861 was elected a Senator in Congress, where he 
remained until 1863, serving on the Committees on 
Foreign Aftairs, on Claims, and on Pensions; was 
also a Delegate to the •' Peace Congress " of 18 il ; in 
1863 was appointed, by President Lincoln, a ,Iudge 
of the Court of Claims. Died in Towanda, Pennsyl- 
vania, March 16, 1868. 

Wilshire, William W.; was born in Gallatin 
Countv, Ulini.is, Septembers, 1830; received a com- 
mon-school education; studied law; served as a Ma- 
jor of Volunteer in the war tor the Union, and was 
at the siege of Vicksburg; after the war settled at 
Little Rock, Arkansas, and entered on the practice 
of his profession; in 1867 was appointed Solicitor- 
General of the State; in 1868 became Chicf-Ju.stice- 
of one of the State courts, remaining in office until 
1871 ; was a candidate for election to the Forty-third 
Congress, and was declared elected by the Secretary 
of State, but was notadmitted totheseathe claimed; 
in 1874 was elected a Representative from Arkansas 
to the Forty -fourth Congress. 

Wilson, Alexander; was a Representative in 
Congress from Virginia from 1804 to 1809. 

Wilson, Benjamin; was born in Harrison 

Countv, Virginia (now West Virginia), April .30. 
1625- "received an academic education; attended the 
law school at Staunton, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1848; was attorney for the Commonwealth in Har- 
rison Countv from 1852 to 1860; was a member of 
the Constitutional Convention of Virginia in 1861 ; 
was Presidential Elector for the State at Large in 
1868; was a member of the Constitutional Conven- 
tion of West Virginia in 1871 ; was a delegate to the 
Convention at Baltimore in 1872; was elected a liep- 
resentative from West Virginia to the Forty-lburth 
Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty- 
sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Wilson, Bluford ; w.as born in Illinois; was ed- 
ucated for the legal profession; in 1874 was appointed 
Solicitor of the Treasury of the United States, at 
\V;is!iiii;;ton. 



l;l()(i KA I'HICAL ANNALS. 



^1 



"Wilaon, Edgar C.; was a native of Virginia; 
^vas a son of Tliomas Wilson, of Virginia; was a 
Itepresentative in Congress from that State from 1833 
to 1835; died at Morgantown, Virginia, in Slay, 
1860. 

Wilson, E. K.; graduated at Princeton College 
iu 178i»; was a Presidential Elector in 1804; was a 
Kepresentative iu Congress from Maryland from 1827 
to 1831. 

"Wilson, Ephraim King ; was born at Snow 
Hill. Maryland, December 22, 1821; received his 
early education at Union Academy, Snow Hill, and 
Washington .\cademy, Princess Anne, Maryland: 
graduated from .lefferson College, Pennsylvania, in 
1841 ; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and en- 
gaged _in the practice of law at Snow Hill; was a 
Kepresentative in the Maryland Legislature in 1847; 
was a Presidential Elector in 1852; was elected a 
Representative from Maryland to the Forty-second 
Congress ; was Judge of the First Judicial Circuit of 
Maryland from 187S to 1884; in 1884 was elected a 
United States Senator from Maryland, for the t«rm 
ending March 3, 1891. 

"Wilson, Eugene M.; was born in Morgan 
County, Virginia, December 25, 1833; graduated at 
.lefferson College in 1852; studied law, and removed 
to Minnesota in 1855; was United States District 
Attorney for Minnesota from 1857 to 1861; served as 
a Captain in the war for the Union; was elected a 
Kepresentative from Jlinnesota to the Forty-first 
Congress, serving on the Committees on Public 
hands, and the Pacific Railroads. His father. Edgar 
C. Wilson, his grandfather. Thomas Wilson, of Vir- 
ginia, and his great-grandfather, Isaac Grilfin, were 
all Reprasentatives in Congress. 

Wilson, E. Willis ; was born at Harper's Ferry, 
Virginia (now in West Virginia), in 1844; received a 
i-ommou school and commercial college education; 
when a l)oy worked in the United States Armory at 
Hamper's Ferry, and afterwards followed the trade of 
a mechanic; in 18()K began the study of the law, and 
in IH()!l was admitted to the bar of his native county; 
in 18711 was elected a Delegate in the State Legisl.a- 
tu\c; in 1872 was elected State Senator; in 1871 re- 
moved to Charleston, West Virginia, continuing the 
practice of the law; in 1876 was again elected to th« 
Lower House of the State Legislature, and was 
elected a third time in 1880; during the latter term 
was elected, and served, as Speaker of the House of 
Delegates; in 1884 was elected Governor of West 
Virginia. 

Wilson, Henry ; was born in Dauphin County, 
Pennsylvania; was a Kepresentative in Congress 
from that State, from 1823 to 1826. Died in Allen- 
town, Pennsylvania, August 14, 1826. 

Wilson, Henry ; was born at Farmington, New 
Hampshire. February Ki. 1812; was reared on a farm; 
when twenty-one yeai-s of age went to Natick, Mas- 
sachusetts, where he learned to make shoes; iu 1840 
was elected to the Legislature of -Massachusetts, in 
which he served four years, and then four j'ears in 
the State Senate, of which he was President during 
two sessions; in 1848 became the proprietor and ed- 
itor of the I'.oston licpuhlican: in 1852 was the Free 
Soil candidate for Congress, but was defeated; in 
18")3 was a member of the "State Constitutional 
Convention," and afterwards took an active part in 
political Conventions; in 1855 was elected a Senator 
in Cong;ess, and was re-elected in 1859 for a long 
term; from 1842 to 1851 was actively connected with 



the Militia of Massachusetts as Major, Colonel, and 
Brigadier-General; in 1861 raised the Twenty -secomi 
Regiment of ilassachusetts Volunteers, of which he 
became Colonel, and after joining the army of t!« 
Potomac, was made a member of General McClel- 
lan's staff, on which he served until the meeting of 
Congress; from the commencement of the war was 
Chairman of the Committee on Military Affairs, 
which had to pass on eleven thousand appointments, 
and to devise most important measures of legislation 
during the Rebellion; in 1856 was challenged by 
Preston Brooks, of South Carolina, for pronouncing 
his assault on Senator Sumner "murderous, brutal, 
and cowardly," but replied that, while believing iu 
the right of self-defeuse, he declined the challenge, 
as duelling, in his opinion, was a violation of law, 
and the relic of a barbarous age; w.as again re-elected 
to the Senate for the term commencing in 1865 and 
ending iu 1871, and was made Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Pensions, although continuing at the head 
of the Military Committee, and serving on the Com- 
mittee of Appropriations; published a work entitled 
"Anti-Slavery Measures in Congress, " and a "His- 
tory of the Thirty -seventh and Thirty-eighth Con- 
gresses, " as well as one on the Congressioual meas- 
ures connected with the prosecution of the war for 
the Union; was the originator of the bill for aboli.sh- 
iug slavery in the District of Columbia, and also th'it 
establishing the American Academy of Sciences; was 
one of the Senators designated by the Senate to at- 
tend the funeral of General Scott in 1866; was also 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1866; iu 1872 was elected Vice-President of 
the United States on the ticket with U. S. Grant. 
Died in Washington City, November 22, 1875. The 
name of his father was Colbatli, but having been 
adopted in early life by a man named Wilson, he 
preferred to take that name xs his own. 

Wilson, Hu-am V.; was a Judge of the United 
States District Court for the State of Oliio for many 
years. Died at Cleveland, November 11, 1866. 

Wilson, Isaac; during the War of 1812 com- 
manded a company of cavalry, and was in some of 
the severest actions on the northern frontier; was 
subsequently elected a member of the Assembly of 
New York, and also of the Senate; was elected a 
Kepresentative in Congress in 1823, and at the end 
of his term, his seat having been successfully con- 
tested by P. Adams, was appointed first Judge of 
Genesee County, and held the position until his re- 
moval to Batavia, Illinois, where he died October 25, 
1848. 

Wilson, James; was born near St. Andrews, 
Scotland, iu 1742; received a classical education, and 
had for tutors Doctors Blair and Watts; emigrated to 
Phikulelphia in 1766, and became tutor in the college 
of that city; adopted the profession of the law; re- 
moved to Reading, Pennsylvania, and soon after- 
wards to Carlisle, in the same State; lived a year in 
JIaryland, and then settled in Philadelphia: was an 
active member of a war couveution in 1773: was a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress from 1775 to 
1778, in 1782 and 1783, and from 1785 to 17f-7; was 
a signer of the Declaration of Independence; on the 
commencement of hostilities was appointed a Colonel 
in the army, and was a Commissioner to treat with 
the Indians; when not in Congress acted as Advocate- 
General for the French nation; w;is a Director in the' 
Bank of North America; was a member of the Con- 
vention to form the Federal Constitution, and signed 
that instrument; was also a member of the Conven- 
tion called to alter the Constitution of Pennsylvania; 
in 178!l was api)ointed a .Justice of the Supreme 



5ry.> 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Court of the United States; iu 1790 was appointed 
Law Professor of the University of Philailelphia; rr- 
ceiyed the degree of LL.D. Died on August 28, 179S, 
in Edenton, North Carolina, while upon a visit to 
tliat place. His writings on Politics and Jurispru- 
dence enjoy a high reputation; he was the man who 
proposed that the I'resident and Vice-President 
should he chosen in each State by Colleges of 
Electors. 

Wilson, James; was born in 1757; graduated 
at Harvard University in 1789; was a lawyer by pro- 
fession ; was a Kepresentative in Congress tVom New 
Hampshire from 1809 to 1811. Died at Keene, New 
Hampshire, .January 4, 1S,^!». 

Wilson, James ; was bom in York County (now 
Adams County), Pennsylvania, April 28. 1779; re- 
ceived a good English education; in his fourteenth 
year was bound to learn the trade of a cabinet- 
maker in Maryland; from 1811 to 1822 was a Justice 
of the Peace; was a Representative from Pennsyl- 
vania to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth 
Congresses, serving chiefly on the Committee on 
<'Iaims; soim afterreturning to private life, was again 
elected a Justice of the Peace, the duties of which 
office he continued to till until 1859; it is said of him 
that he never solicited a vote for an office, nor at- 
tended a political meeting to promote his own ad- 
vancement. 

Wilson, James ; was born in New Hampshire; 
graduatedatMiddlebury College in 1820; wasSpeaker 
of the State House of Representatives in 1828, and in 
the Legislature a number of years; practiced law at 
Keene; was a General of Militia; was a Repre.senta- 
tive in Congress from New Hampshire from 1><47 to 
1849; subsequently settled in California. Died May 
29, 1S81. 

Wilson, James; was born at Crawfordsville, 
Montgomery County, Indiana, April 9, 1822; grad- 
uated at Wabash College in 1842; was admitted to 
the bar in 1845; went to Mexico in 1846 as a private 
in the Indiana Regiment, and before his return home 
was promoted to the oiSce of Quartermaster; w.as 
elected a Representative from Indiana to the Thirty- 
fifth Congress, and was a member of the Committee 
on Elections; was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Naval Affairs; in 
1866 was appointed, by President Johnson, Minister 
Resident to Venezuela. Died in August, 1867. 

Wilson, James ; was born in Ayrshire, Scot- 
land, August 16, 18:.!5; came to America in 1851; re- 
ceived a liberal education; became a farmer; was a 
member of the Iowa State Legislature from 1867 to 
1873, and Speaker two sessions; was a Regent of the 
State University; was elected to the Forty-third and 
Forty-fourth Congrc-iscs. serving on the Committees 
on Agriculture and War Claims; was elected a 
Representative from Iowa to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress. 

Wilson, James F.; was born at Newark, Ohio 
October 19, 1828; removed to Iowa in 1853; was a 
member of the State Constitutional Convention of 
1856; was a Representative in the. State Legislature 
in 18.">7: in 1859 was elected State Senator, serving 
as President of the Senate in 1861; in the latter year 
was elected a Representative from Iowa to the Thir- 
ty-seventh Congress, to fill a vacancy; was re-elected 
to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortietli Con- 
gresses; in 1869 was appointed a Commissioner for 
the Pacific Railroad; was elected a United States 
.Senator from Iowa for six years from March 4, 1883. 



Wilson, James J.; was bom in Essex County, 
New Jersey; was, for many years, editor of the True 
American, at Trenton; was a Senator in Congress 
from New Jersey from 1815 to 1821, when he re- 
signed, and was appointed Postmaster at Trenton, 
was, for many years. Clerk of the State Assembly; 
was, at one time, Adjutant-General of the St.ate, and 
always a man of influence. Died July 28, 1824. 

Wilson, Jeremiah M. ; -was born in Warren 
County, Ohio, November 25, 1828; received a good 
education; studied and practiced law; was Judge of 
Common Pleas from I860 to 1865; was .Indge of the 
Circuit Court from 1865 until elected to the Forty- 
second Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-third 
Congress, serving on the Committee on the .Tndiciary 
and as Chairman of that on the District of Colum- 
bia. 

Wilson, John; was born in 1777; graduated at 
Harvard University in 1799; studied law and attained 
a high position in his profession; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress frotn Massachusetts from, 1813 to 
1816, and from 1817 to 1818. Died at Belfast, Maine, 
July 9, 1848. 

Wilson, John ; was born in York District, South 
Carolina; was a Presidential Elector in 1809; was a 
Kepresentative in Congress, from that State, from 
1821 to 1827. 

Wilson, John ; was born in Ireland, and the 
brother of .Joseph S. Wilson; settled in Wa-shington 
at an early age; long held a clerkship in the Post 
Office and Treasury Departments; was Commissioner 
of the General Land Office from 1852 to 1856; in 1864 
was appointed Third Auditor of the Treasury, hold- 
ing the position several years; was, at one time, ex- 
tensively associated with the railroad interests of 
Illinois; subsequently settled in Washington City as 
a claim agent and attorney. Died in Washington. 
January, 1876, aged sixty-eight years. 

Wilson, John L. ; was a native of South Caro- 
lina; was Governor of the State from 1822 to 1824. 

Wilson, John T.; was born in Highland County, 
Ohio, April 16, 1811; received a common school edu- 
cation; passed his youth upon a farm; was twenty- 
four years engaged in mercantile pursuits, and then 
retired to a farm; in 1861 raised a company for the 
war, and was commissioned as its Captain; was sub- 
sequently twice elected to the Ohio Senate; in 1866 
was elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Agriculture, and Roads and Canals; was re-elected 
to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses, serv- 
ing on various Committees, and as Chairman of that 
on Agriculture. 

Wilson, Joseph S.; was a native of Ireland ; came 
to Washington when a hoy; obtained a position as 
Messenger in the Treasury Department; soon became 
a clei'k ; after the organization of the Interior Depart- 
ment became Chief Clerk of the General Land Office; 
in 1860 and again in 1866 was appointed Commis- 
sioner of that Bureau, holding the office a number of 
years, and rendering important services to the De- 
partment generally; was always fond of books, and 
by the unusual strength of his mind became a most 
accomplished scholar. Died in Washington. 

Wilson, Nathan ; was a Kepresentative in Con- 
gress from New York, from 1808 to 1809. 

Wilson, Robert; was appointed a Senator in 
Congress from Missouri, taking his seat in 1861, and 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



553 



serving on the Committee on the Pacific Railroad; 
continned in the position until November, 1863; was 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia " National Union 
Convention " of 18G6. 

"Wilson, Stephen P.; was born in Columbia, 
Bradford County, Pennsylvania, September 4, 1821; 
passed his boyhood on a farm: received his education 
at Wellsborough Academy, where he was an assist- 
ant teacher for one term; also, for a while, taught in 
a district school at Wellsboroufili; studied and 
adopted the profession of the law; was a borough 
assessor for one year; was a school director for six 
years; was a Senator in the State Legislature in 1803 
and 1864, and although returned to tlie State Senate, 
was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees <m Kevolntiouary Claims, and Public Buildings 
and Grounds; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on Enrolled 
Bills and on that on Education and Labor. 

"Wilson, Thomas; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia, from 1811 to 1813. Died Jan- 
uary 'J4, 1826. 

Wilson, Thomas ; -was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1813 to 1817. Died at 
Erie, October 4, 1824, aged fifty-three years. 

Wilson, Thomas S.; was an early emigrant to 
Iowa Territory; in 1838 was appointed United States 
Judge for that District. 

Wilson, William ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1814 to 1819 

W^ilson, William; was born in Hillsborough 
Countj', New Hampshire; was a Representative in 
Congress from Ohio from 1823 to 1827. Died in the 
latter year, aged fifty-five years. 

Wilson, William L.; wa.s born in Jefierson 
Count}'. Virginia, (now West Virginia), May 3, 1843; 
received a classical education at Charlestpg .\cademy, 
Columbia College, District of Columbia, (where he 
received the degree of A.B. in 1860), and at the Uni- 
versity of Virginia; served in the Confederate Army 
during the Civil War; was Professor of Latin at 
Columbia College from 1865 to 1871; in the latter 
year entered upon the practice of law at Charleston, 
West Virginia; in 1880 was a Delegate to the Demo- 
cratic National Convention; also a Presidential 
Elector; in 1882 was elected President of the West 
Virginia University; soon afterwards was elected a 
Representative from West Virginia to the Forty- 
eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty -ninth 
Congress. 

Wiltz, Louis A.; was born in Louisiana 
in 1843; received a liberal education; resided in 
the City of New Orleans, where he was ^'ice-Prcsi- 
deut of the Louisiana State National Bank; served 
a term as Mayor of New Orleans; in 1874 was 
elected a Representative in the Louisiana Legisla 
ture: was elected Speaker, and was discharging the 
duties of this office when, in 1875, the Legislature 
was overthrown by the United States military 
authorities; in 1876 w.-is elected Lieutenant-Governor 
of Louisiana; in 1879 was elected a member of the 
State Constitutional Convention of I^ouisiana, and 
wa.' President of that body; in November, 1879, was 
elected Governor of Louisiana. Died at New Or- 
leans, October 16. ISSl. 

Winans, Ed'win B.; wa,s l)oru at Avon. New 
York, May 16, 182G; removed to Michigan in 1834; 



was educated at Albion College, Michigan; left col- 
lege in 1855, and went, overland, toCalitbrnia, where 
he engaged in mining; in 1858 returned to Michigan 
and engaged in farming; was a Representative in tlie 
State Legislature from 1861 to 1865; a Delegate to 
the State Constitutional Convention of 1867; in 1876 
was elected Probate .Judge for Livingston County; 
was elected a Representative from Michigan to the 
Forty-eighth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Winans, James January ; was born at Mays- 
ville, Kentucky, June 7, 1818; removed, with his 
father, to Ohio in 1819; received a common school 
education; worked on a farm, and acted as a clerk in 
Ohio, and also in Kentncky, until 1837; studied law, 
and came to the bar in 1841 ; in 1845 was appointed 
Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas in Greene County, 
resigning in 1851; in 1857 was elected to tlie State 
Senate; in 1863 was elected a Representative in the 
Legislature; in 1864 was elected a Judge of the Court 
of Common Pleas for two years; was re-elected, in 
1866, for a full term of five years; in 1868 was elected 
a Representative from Ohio to tlie Forty-first Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Public Lands, 
and Revolutionary Pensions. 

W^inans, John; was born at Vernon, Susse.x 
County, New .Jersey, September 27, 1831; was edu- 
cated in private and common schools; studied law; 
was admitted to the bar in 1855, and engaged in 
practice; removed to Wisconsin in 1857, anil settled 
at Janesville; was City .\ttorney five terms between 
1865 and 1875; was a Delegate to the Democratic 
National Convention of 1864; was a Representative 
in the State Legislature in 1874 and 18^2; was a 
member of the military staff of the Governor, with 
rank of Colonel, in 1874 and 1875; was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Wisconsin to the Forty-eighth Con- 
gress. 

Winchester, Boyd ; was born in the parish of 
.Ascension, Louisiana, September 23, 1836; was edu- 
cated at Centre College, Kentucky, and at the Uni- 
versity of Virginia; graduated from the Law Uni- 
versity at Louisville, Kentucky, in 18.57; was 
admitted to the bar in the same year, and engaged in 
the practice of law at Louisville, Kentucky; in 1867 
was elected a State Senator; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1SC8; in that year was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Kentucky to the Forty-first Qongress; 
was re-elected to the Forty-second Congress; in 1875 
became President of the Farmers' and Drovers' In- 
surance Company, in which position he remained 
until 1877, when he resumed the practice of his pro- 
fession; in 1880 was a Delegate to the Democratic 
National Convention; in 1884 was President of the 
Democratic State Convention of Kentucky; in the 
same year was a Presidential Elector; in May, 1885, 
was ap]Hiinted, by President Cleveland, Minister 
Resident and Consal-General of the United States to 
Switzerland. 

Winchester, James ; was bom in Maryland in 
1756; was appointed Judge of the District Court of 
the United States in Maryl.and in 1799: entered the 
army as a Colonel from Tennessee in March, 1812; 
was made a Brigadier-General in March, 1813; had 
command of a det;vchment under General Harrison. 
and met with great disaster on the River Raisin in 
.January, 1813, when he was compelled to surrender 
to the British forces: became a prisoner, and was 
carried into Canada and confined about a year in 
Quebec, with his subordinate odicers; was subse- 
quently on duty in Mobile, Alabama, under General 



554 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Jackson; in March, 1815, resigned his commission in 
the army, and after living in retirement in Tennes 
see, died there, Jnly 27, 1826. 

Winder, Levin; was appointed Major of tht- 
Maryland iiegiment in 1777; was a Lieutenant-Col- 
onel at the (.-lose of the Revolutionary War; prior to 
1S12 was Speaker of the House of Delegates, and 
from 1812 to ISIT) was Governor of Maryland; in 
181G was a member of the State Senate, and was a 
General of Militia, and Grand Master of Masons of 
Maryland. Died in Baltimore, .Inly 7, 1819, aged 
si.\ty-three years. 

"Winder, William; was the first man appointed 
to take cliarge of the office of Fourth Auditor, in 
1798, at which time the officer was called Accountant 
of the Navy. 

Windom, William ; was born in Belmont Coun- 
ty, Ohio, May H), 1827; received an academic educa- 
tion; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1850; was elected Prosecuting Attorney for Knox 
County in 1852; reir.oved to Minnesota in 1853; was 
elected a Representative from that State to the 
Thirty-si.xth Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Public Lands, and of the .Special Com- 
mittee of Thirty-three; was re-elected to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Committee on Pub- 
lic Expenditures; also to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on Indian 
Affairs, and of the Special Committee to visit the In- 
dian Tribes of the West in 1865; was re-elected to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on the Death of President Lincoln, and again at 
the hea<l of the Committee on Indian Affairs, and as 
Chairman of a Special Committee on the Conduct of 
the Commissioner of Indian Affairs; w.as also a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphi.T, "Loyalists' Convention" of 
18GG; was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, .serv- 
ing on old Committees; in 1870 was appointed a Sen- 
ator in Congress for the unexpired term of D. S. 
Norton, and subsequently elected for the term ending 
in 1877. serving as Chairman of the Committees on 
Enrolled Bills, and Transportation, and member of 
Appropriations; was re-elected for the term ending in 
188:i: resigned in March. 1881. to become Secretary 
of the Treasury; was re-elected to fill the vacancy 
caused by his own resignation. 

Winfleld, Charles H.; w.as born in Crawford, 
Orange t'ouuty. New York. .April 22, 1822'; studied 
law, and came to the bar in 1846; w;us for six years 
District Attorney for Orange County, from 1850 t(p 
1856, in 1862 w.as elected a Representative from New 
York to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Private Land Claims; was re-elected 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress; in 1865 was Chairman 
of the State "Democratic Convention" previous to 
its final org.anization; in the Thirty-ninth Congress 
served on the Committees on Foreign Affairs, on 
Coinage, We'ghts and Measures, and Ways and 
Means. 

Wing, Austin E.; was born in Hampshire 

County, .Massachusetts; was a Delegate to Congress 
from the Ten-itory of Michigan from 1828 to 18:i2; re- 
sided at Monroe, and was for many years a le.iding 
man in all its local affairs. Died at Cleveland Ohiif 
.August 25, 1849. 

Wing, E. Rumsey ; was born in Kentucky iu 
1815: well educated: .adopted the profession of the 
law; from l'<6li to 1874 was Minister Resident to 
Ecuador. Died in Quito, October 11. 1874. He 
acquitted himscll' with great credit in South America 



and was especially noticed by S. S. Cox, in a 
speech on the floor of Congress, for his ability and 
usefulness. 

Wingard, Samuel Cyrus ; was born in Hunt- 
ingdon County. Pennsvlvania, si-x miles west of Hunt- 
ingdon, the County Seat, .August 6, 1825; received a 
classical education, graduating from Dickinson Col- 
lege in 1847; taught in an academ.y at Williamsburg, 
Pennsylvania, for two years; studied law; w.is ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1851, and engaged in practice; 
served two terms as a Representative in the State 
Legislature; removed to Washington Territory in 
187U; in 1872 was appointed United .States Attorney 
for that Territory; in 1875 w.as appointed an .Associate 
Justice of the Supreme Court of the Territor}', and 
continued in that position by re-appointment. 

Wing-ate, Joseph F.; was born in Massachu- 
setts; was a member of the Legislature of that State 
iu 1818 and 1819; was Collector of Customs at Bath, 
.Maine, from 1820 to 1824; was a member of the 
Maine Legislature in 1825 and 1826; was a Repre- 
sentative iu Congress from Maine from 1827 to 1831. 

Wingate, Paine ; was born at .Amesbury, Mas- 
sachusetts, May 14, I'li!); graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1759; was ordained as a Congregational 
Minister at Hampton Falls, New Hampshire, iu 17C3; 
afterwards removed to Stratham, and engaged in 
.igricnltural pursuits; was appointed a member ot 
Congress under the Confederation in 1787; after the 
adoption of the Constitution was elected a member 
of the United States Senate, in 1789, and served un- 
til 1793, when he was elected a Representative in 
Congress, serving until 1795; in l';98 wa.s appointed 
a Judge of the Superior Court of New Hampshire, 
and continued in office until .May, 1809, when he at- 
tained the age of seventy; survived all others who 
were members of the United States Senate at the 
time of his taking his seat in that body upon its first 
organization, and was, for some years, the oldest 
graduate of his college; was a man of talents and 
extensive information, highly esteemed and respected 
for his character and his honoiable and useful life. 
Died at Stratham, New Hampshire, March 7, 1838. 

Winslo-w, Warren ; was born in Fayetteville, 
North Carolina, January 1, 181(1: entered Chapel 
Hill University, and graduated in 1827; having stud- 
ied law, was soon afterwards admitted to the bar; iu 
1854 was appointed, by President Pierce, a confiden- 
tial agent to M.idrid, on business connected with the 
Black Warrior affair; dnring his absence abroad was 
nominated for the .Senate of North Carolina; was 
elected a member thereof, and placed in the chair of 
Speaker; while in that position. Governor Reid w;i3 
elected to the United States .Senate, and the duties 
of Governor devolved upon, and \%ere performed by, 
Mr. Winslow; was elected to the Thirty-fourth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Naval jVffairs; 
w:is re-elected to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth 
Congresses, serving as a member of the Committee on 
Naval Affairs, and on the Library, and on the .Special 
Committee of Thirty-three on the Rebellious States; 
was ottered, by Presideut Buchanan, the mission to 
.Sardinia, but declined it. Died at Fayetteville. iu 
1S63. 

Winston, Frederick H.; was born in Liberty 
County, Georgia, November 20, 1830; removed, with 
his parents, to Kentucky, in 1836; was educated in 
private schools; in 1848, his parents having died, re- 
turned to Georgia and commenced the study of law 
at Greensboro, in that State: afterwards entered the 
Law Department of Harvard University, at Cam- 



BIOGRAPHICAL A N N A L iS . 



555 



bridge, Massachusetts, from which he graduated in 
1852; then studied law in tlie office of Hon. William 
M. Kvarts, in New YorU City; was admitted to the 
bar there in April, l.'^.jo, and settled at Chicago, lUi- ! 
nois. ill the practice of law; was, for fourteen years. 
Commissioner of Lincoln Park in Chicago, by ap- 
pointment of the Governor of Illinois; in October, 
IBS'), was appointed, by President Cleveland, United 
States Minister to Persia; remained at his post about 
eight months, when he resigned and resumed the 
practice of his profession at Chicago. 

Winston, John A.; was Governor of Alabama 
from 1853 to 1857. i 

Winston, Joseph ; was born in Virginia, in 
1711), in 171)0 joined a company of i.ni;!,ers, and 
marclied to the frontier of the State; in a battle on 
the Greenbrier, was twice wounded, aud liad a horse 
killed under him; had a pension granted hira by the 
Legislature, for his gallantry in battle; in 1766 re- 
moved to North Carolina; took an active part in the 
Revolution; raised a regiment, and marched against 
the Cherokee Indians; was appointed a Major in 
1776, and had various actions with the forces of the 
Tories; commanded the right wing of the American 
troops in the battle of King's Mountain, and for his 
bravery had a sword voted to him by the Legisla- 
ture; was elected to Congress in 1792, and again in 
18U3, and served antil 1807; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1801. 

Winter, Elisha J.; was a Representative in 
Congress, from New York, from 1813 to 1815. 

Winthrop, Robert C; was born in Boston, 

Mas.sacliusetts, May 12, 180!); graduated at Harvard 
College in 1828; studied law with Daniel Webster; 
entered the Legislature of Massachusetts in 1835, 
and was Speaker of the House from 1838 to 1840; was 
a member of the United States House of Represent- 
atives, from 1840 to 1842, when he resigned on ac- 
count of domestic circumstances, but was re-elected 
the same year, and continued in that body until 1850; 
was Speaker during the Congress commencing in 
1847; was appointed to the .Senate of the United 
States to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resigna- 
tion of Mr. Webster, and served from 1850 to 1851 ; 
was President of the Electoral College of .Massachu- 
setts which voted for General Scott; was President of 
the Historical Society of ^Massachusetts, and other 
literary and charitable associations; also I'resident 
of the Commissioners chosen by the City of Boston 
for building a Public Library; delivered the Inau- 
gural of the Franklin Statue in 18.56, and also that of 
the Washington Jlonument in 1848; subsequently 
published a "Memoir of Nathan Appleton," and the 
"^.ife and Letters of John Winthrop "; in 1866 was 
chosen a Delegate to the Philadelphia "National 
Union Convention," but did not take part iu its 
proceedings. 

Wirt, William ; was born in Bladensburg, 
Maryland, November 8, 1772, of Swiss and German 
parents; obtained his early education at private 
schools; was, for a time, a private tutor; studied 
law, and came to the bar in 1791, practicing at Cul- 
pepper, Virginia; iu 17'Ji) was chosen Clerk of the 
House of Delegates; in 1802 appointed Chiincellor of 
the Eastern District of Virginia; in 1803 settled in 
Norfolk, and wrote the " British Spy "; in 180G set- 
tled in Kichmond; in 1812 wrote "The Old Bach- 
elor." and in 1817 the " Life of Patrick Henry "; in 
181() was appointed, by I'resident Madison, .\ttorney 
of the United States for the District of Virginia; in 
1817 was appointed Attorney-Gene: al of the United 



States, holding his office until 1829. after which he 
settled in Baltimore; in 1824 the degree of LL. D. 
was conferred upon him by Harvard College; he oc- 
cupied a high rank as a public man and a citizen. 
Died at Baltimore, JIaryland, February 18, 1834. 

Wise, George D.; was born in Accom.ac County, 
Virginia, in 1835; graduated at Indiana University; 
adopted the profession of the law; served in the Con- 
federate Army as a Captain during the War of the 
Rebellion; was Commonwealth Attorney of Rich- 
mond, Virginia, from 1870 to 18S0, when he resigned; 
was elected a Kepresentafive from Virginia to the 
Forty -seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses; wasie- 
elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

Wise, Henry, A.; was born in Drummondtown, 
Accomac County, Virginia, December 3, 1806; grad- 
uated at Washington College, Penn.sylvauia, at the 
age of nineteen; studied law, and was admitted to 
tlie bar at Winchester, Virginia, in 1828; the same 
year removed to Nashville, Tennessee, and practiced 
his profession for two years, when, from local attach- 
ment, he returned to Accomac; became a Represent- 
ative in Congress, serving from 1833 to 1844, when 
he resigned his seat for the nifssion to Brazil, which 
post he occupied until the fall of 1847; in 1843 was 
appointed Jlinister to France, and resigned his seat 
in Congress, but the Senate did not contirm him and 
he was immediately returned to Congress; in 1848 
was one of the Presidential Electors of Virginia; in 
1850 was a member of the Reform Convention of 
Virginia, wUicli adopted the pre.sent Constitution 
of the State; in 1852 was again a Presidential JClec- 
tor; in 1855 was elected Governor of Virginia, which 
office he held until 1860; served in the great Rebel- 
lion as a Brigadier-General, 

Wise, John S,; was born in Rio .Janeiro, Brazil, 
where his father at the time filled the position of 
United States Minister, December 25, 1846; received a 
classical education at the Virginia Military Institute; 
was one of the Cadets of that institution who. during 
the Civil War, were engaged in the battle of New- 
market, where he was wounded; studied law at the 
University of Virginia; was admitted to the bar in 
1867, and engaged in the practice of law; was elected 
a Representative from Virginia to the Forty-eighth 
Congress. 

Wise, Morgan R.; was born at West Bethle- 
hem. Pennsylvania, June 7, 1830; received a limited 
education; taught school ; in 18.50 crossed the plain.'* 
to California, and engaged in mining there; return- 
ing to Pennsylvania entered Waynesburg CollciC, 
and graduated in 1856; was a Reiiresentative in the 
State Legislature from 1874 to 1878; was elected a 
Representative from Pennsylvania to the Forty -sixth 
and Forty-seventh Congre.sses. 

Wise, TullyR.; was born in Virginia; in 1842 
was appointed First Auditor of the Treasury, remain- 
ing in that office until 1844. 

Wisner, Henry ; was a Delegate from Xew^ York 
to the Continental Congress from 1774 to 177(1. 

Wisner, Moses; was born in Aurelius. Cayiigii 
County, New York, in 1818; received a gocjd educa- 
tion; removed to Michigan in 183!>, and settled upon 
a farm near the town of Atlas, Lapeer County; in 
about a year afterwards removed to Ponliac, and 
studied law, coming to the bar in 1842; in 1843 wa» 
appointed Prosecuting Attorney for Lapeer County; 
in 1844 resumed the practice of his profession, and 
continued in it until 1858, when he was elected Gov- 



556 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNAl.rt. 



prnor of the State; was a candidate for Circuit Jndge 
iu 1852, but was defeated; took little interest in pol- 
itics; was a man of fine mind, and a most worthy 
citizen; in 1862 was appointed a Colonel in the Vol- 
unteer Army, and was assigned to the command of 
the Twenty-second Michigan Kegiment; while on his 
way to the' seat of war, was prostrated by sickness in 
Lexington, Kentucky, where he died, January 5, 
18(i3. 

Witcher, Jolin S.; was born in Cabell County, 
Virginia, July 15, 1839; was reared on a farm; re- 
ceived a common school education; in 1861 was 
elected Clerk of the Cabell County Circuit Court; en- 
tered the Volunteer Army, in 18(Jt2, as a Lieutenant, 
and rose by degrees to the rank of Brigadier-General, 
serving to the end of the war; in 1865 was elected to 
the State Legislature; in 1866, Secretary of State; in 
1868 was elected a Representative from West Vir- 
ginia to the Forty-first Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Military Affairs, and Revolutionary 
Claims. 

"Wltherell, James; was born in Vermont; re- 
ceived a limited education; adopted the profession of 
the law; from 1798 to 1803 was a member of the 
State Legislature; two years a County Judge ; a State 
Councilor from 1803 to 1807; was a Representative 
in Congress from Vermont during the years 1807 and 
1808; in the latter year was appointed Federal Judge 
in the Territory of Michigan, where he long resided 
and died; he was a man of strong native powers of 
mind. 

Withers, Robert E.; was born in Campbell 
County, Virginia, September 18, 1821 ; was educated 
at a private academy and the University of Virginia; 
graduated in medicine in 1841, and began to practice 
in Danville, Virginia: at the breaking out of the 
Civil War entered the service as Major, when Virginia 
passed the ordinance of secession, and was made 
Colonel of the Eighteenth Virginia Regiment in 1861; 
was severely wounded in the battles around Rich- 
mond in 1862; subsequently commanded the military 
post at Danville, which was surrendered to the Sixth 
Army Corps in May; was never a candidate for any 
public office until after the war; in 1866 removed to 
Lynchburg and edited the News until 1868; was nomi- 
nated Governor, but withdrew in favor of Giovernor 
Walker; was Presidential Elector for the State at 
Large in 1873; was elected Lieutenant-Governor in 
1873, and United States Senator for six years from 
March 4, 1875. 

■Withers, T. I.; was reputed to be one of the 
ablest jurists in the South; was, for a long time, 
Judge of the Supreme Court of South Carolina. Died 
at Sumterville, in that State, December 8, 1865. 

Witherspoon, John; was born near Edinburgh, 
Scotland, February 5, 1722, and was a lineal descend- 
ant of .lohn Knox; graduated at the University of 
Edinburgh in his twenty-first year, and was licensed 
as a preacher, assisting his father, who was also a 
preacher; iu 1746, while witnessing the battle of 
Falkirk, was arrested and imprisoned; after his re- 
lease, he declined a number of calls from all parts of 
the kingdom, but in 1766, through the influence of 
Richard Stockton, was elected President of Princeton 
College, and came to America; in this new sphere he 
was eminently successful; at the commencement of 
the Revolution, espoused the American cause, and 
took an active part on committees and in conven- 
tions; was a member of the first " Constitutional Con- 
vention" of New Jersey in 1776; w.is a signer of the 
Declaration of Independence; was a Delegate to the 



Cantiuental Congress from 1776 to 1782, and signed 
the Articles of Confederation; served iu the Legisla- 
ture, and at the same time frequently occupied the 
pulpit; revisited Scotland in 1762, and on his return 
retired to private life. Died at Princeton, November 
15, 1794. He left numerous literary, political, and 
theological writings; was distinguished as an orator, 
and left a name that will be always affectionately re- 
membered by the people of his adopted State. 

Witherspoon, Robert; was a Representative 
in Congress from South Carolina from 1809 to 1811. 

Withey, Solomon L.; was born at St. Albans, 
Vermont, April 21, 1820; removed to Ohio in 1835, 
where he obtained a good English education; in 1838 
removed to Michigan, and located at Grand Rapids; 
in 1839 began the study of law; came to the bar in 
1844, and continued in practice until 18S3; in 1848 
was elected Judge of Probate, and held the office 
four years; in 1860 was elected to the State Senate, 
and took an active part in promoting effective legis- 
lation for putting down the Rebellion ; was appointed, 
by President Lincoln, United States District Judge 
for the Western District of Michigan; in December, 
1869, received, from President Grant, a commission 
as Judge of the Sixth United States Judicial Circuit, 
but declined it; for that position was warmly sup- 
ported by the leading members of the bar in Michi- 
gan and Northern Ohio, of all political parties, and 
that fact alone made him reluctant to decline; was 
also President of the First National Bank of Grand 
Rapids. Died April 25, 1886. 

Witte, William H.; was bom in New Jersey; 
having settled iu Pennsylvania, was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1853 to 1855. 

Woloott, Oliver ; was the son of Roger Wol- 
cott, an early Governor of Connecticut, and was born 
November 26, 1726; graduated at Yale College in his 
twenty-first year; was immediately commissioned to 
command a company to defend the frontier; after- 
ward studied medicine; in 1751 was chosen .Sheriff 
of Litchfield County; in 1774 was appointed Coun- 
selor, and held the office twelve years; was one of 
the signers of the Declaration of Independence and 
of the Articles of Confederation; was a Delegate to 
the Continental Congress from 1775 to 1778, and 
from 1780 to 1784; as a military man he rose to the 
grade of Major-General, and was present at the cap- 
ture of Burgoyne, in 1775 was appointed Commis- 
sioner of Indian Aftairs for the Northern Department; 
iu 1785 was associated with Lee and Butler in nego- 
tiating a treaty with the Six Nations; in 1786 was 
elected Lieutenant-Governor of Connecticut, holding 
the office ten years; was Governor of Connecticut 
from 1796 until his death, which occurred in Decem- 
ber, 1797, lamented by all who knew him. 

Wolf, George ; was born in Allen Township, 
Northampton County, Pennsylvania, August 12, 
1777; after pursuing a course of classical education 
in his own county, studied law, became eminent, 
and engaged in a lucrative practice; in 1818 was 
elected a member of the Legislature of his native 
State; was a Representative in Congress from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1824 to 1829; was Governor of that 
State from 1329 to 1835; in 1836 was appointed 
First Comptroller of the United States Trerisury ; was 
subsequenth' appointed Collector of Customs at 
Philadelphia, in which city he died of an aft'ection of 
the heart, March 14, 1840. 

Wolf, William P.; was born iu Stark County, 
Ohio, December 1, 1833; received a common school 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



557 



education; studied law, and removed to Iowa in 
1S50; was admitted to the bar in 1859; was Superin- 
tendent of Common Schools; was a member of the 
Stnte House of Representatives in 1863 and 1864; 
entered the army as Captain of Infantry; was se- 
verely wounded in Tennessee; was re-elected to the 
State House of Representatives; was Assistant As- 
sessor of Internal Uevenue in 1865; was elected to 
the State Senate in 1867; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Iowa to the Forty-tirst Congress to fill a 
vacancy. 

■Wolfe, Simeon K.; was horn in Floyd County, 
Indiana, February 14, 1824; graduated in the Law 
Department of the University of Indiana in 1850, 
and engaged In the practice of law; was a Presiden- 
tial Elector in 18.")6; was elected to the State Senate 
in 1860, .and served four years; was a Delegate to the 
Charleston and Baltimore Democratic National Con- 
vention in 1860; was Colonel of the Indiana Militia 
in 1861 ; was editor and proprietor of the Corydon 
Deinocrat from 1857 to 1805; in 1870 removed to New 
Albany; was elected to the Forty-third Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Railroads and Canals. 

"Wolford, Frank D.; was born in Adair County, 
Kentucky, September 2, 1817; received a common 
school education; studied law; was admitted to the 
bar, and engaged in the practice of his profession ; was 
a Representative in the State Legislature in 1847, 
1848, 1865, and 1866; was Colonel of the First Ken- 
tucky Cavalry from 1861 to 1864; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1804 and 1868; was Adjutant-General of 
the State of Kentucky in 1807 and 1868; was elected 
a Representative from Kentucky to the Forty-eighth 
Congress; was re-elected to the Forty -ninth Con- 
gress. 

Wood, Abiel; was a distinguished merchant of 
Wiscasset, Massachusetts; from 1807 to 1811, and in 
1816, was a member of the State Legislature; was a 
member of Congress from that State from 1813 to 
1815; was a member of the "Constitutional Conven- 
tion" of 1819; was a State Councilor in 1820 and 
1821. Died at Belfast, Maine, November, 1834, aged 
sixty -two years. 

"Wood, Alan ; was born at Philadelphia, Penn- 
sylvania, July 6, 1834; resided there until seventeen 
years of age, when he graduated at the Polytechnic 
Institute of that city; took charge of the " Delaware 
Iron "Works" of his father, and was there six years; 
removed to Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, and as- 
sisted in building the original mill of the " Schuyl- 
kill Iron Works" ; became interested in the two com- 
panies; was President of the First National Bank of 
Conshohocken; in 1874 was elected a Representative 
from Pennsylvania to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

"Wood, Amos E.; was born in Jefferson County, 
New York, in 1810; in 1825 removed, with his 
father, to Portage County, Ohio; in 18:i:i settled per- 
manently in Woodville, Sandusky County; twice 
represented his district in the lower branch of the 
Legislature, and once for the term of two years in the 
State Senate; was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress from Ohio from 1850 to 1852; tilled the unex- 
pired term of R. Dickinson; the farm upon which he 
lived and died was cleared by his own hands. Died 
in Fort Wayne, Indiana, November 19, 1850. 

"Wood, Benjamin ; was born in ShelbyvOle, 
Kentucky, October 13, 1820; received a common 
school education; removed to New York City; pub- 
lished and edited the Daily News newspaper; was a 
State Senator in 1866 and 1867; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from New York to the Thirty-seventh, 
Thirty-eighth, and Forty-seventh Congresses. 



"Wood, Bradford R. ; was horn in Connecticut; 
was well educated, and adopted the profession of th» 
law; removed to Albany, New York; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from that State from 1845 to 
1817; in 1861 was appointed, by President Lincoln, 
Minister lie.sideut to Denmark. 

Wood, Fernando ; was bom in Philadelphia, 
of Quaker parentage, June 14, 1812; removed to New 
York, with his father, in 1820; early turned his at- 
tention to the shipping business, in which he was 
eminently successful, and from which he retired in 
1850; in 1840 was elected a Representative from New 
York to the Twenty-seventh Congress; in 1854 was 
elected Mayor of New York, and was re-elected to the 
same position, serving live years; was also elected to 
the Thirty-eighth, Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty-second, 
Forty-third, and Forty-fourth Congresses, serving oa 
many important committees; in 1875 his friends pro- 
posed that ho should be a candidate for Speaker, but 
he declined the honor; was re-elected to the Forty- 
fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses. Died at Washing- 
ton, February 20, 1881. 

"Wood, Q-eorge T.; was appointed Major of 
Georgia Three Months' "Volunteers in the Creek War 
in 1836; was ColoLel of the Second Texas Regiment 
of Mounted "Volunteers in the Mexican War, and was 
distinguished at the storming of Monterey; was 
afterwards member of the Texas Congress, and was 
Governor of Texas from 1847 to 1849. Died on 
Trinity River, Texas, September 5, 1858. 

"Wood, James ; was a native of Virginia; was a 
member of the State Constitutional Convention of 
1776; was a Colonel of the Virginia Militia in 1776; 
was Ijieutenant-Governor and a member of the Exec- 
utive Council; was Governor of the State from 1796 
to 1799; a county in Virginia was named for him, to 
commemorate his patriotic services. 

"Wood, John; was born in Philadelphia in 1816; 
was educated for the counting room, in which he had 
an experience of twenty-five years, devoting himself 
chiefly to the manufacture of iron; never held any 
public position but that of Representative to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress from Pennsylvania, to which 
he was elected contrary to his wishes, serving on the 
Committee ou Public Expenditures. 

"Wood, John J.; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from New York from 1827 to 1829. 

"Wood, John M.; was born in Minnisink, 
Orange County, New York, November 18, 1813; re- 
ceived a good common school education; was a mem- 
ber of the Legislature of Maine; was, for years, oc- 
cupied as a constructor of railroads and other public 
works; In 1854 was elected a Representative from 
Maine in the Thirty-lburth Congress; was re-elected 
to the Thirty-fifth Congress, and was a member of 
the Committee on Post Oflicesand Post Roads. Died 
in Boston, December 24, 1804. 

"Wood, Joseph ; entered the Revolutionary Army 
as Major of Second Pennsylvaui;. Seginient, and was 
.sent to Canada, July 4, 1776; rose to the rank of 
Colonel during that year; was a Delegate from 
Georgia to the Continental Congress from 1777 to 
1779; Died in March, 1789. 

"Wood, Reuben ; was born in Rutland County, 
Vermont, in 1792; served as Captain of the Vermont 
Volunteers in the war of 1812; after the war removed 
to Cleveland, Ohio, and settled there in 1S17. to 
practice law; was a member of the State Senate from 
1825 to 1828; was made President Judge of tlie Third 



o.->^ 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



District of the State iu 1830, serving until 1833, when 
he was elected Judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio; 
continued to hold that office until 1845; was chosen 
Governor of Ohio for the term beginning in 1850 
and ending in 1853; in 1852 was proposed by some ol 
liis Democratic friends as a suitable candidate for the 
I'residency; was appointed United States Consul to 
Valparaiso in 1853; resigned that office at the end of 
eighteen months, and returned to his adopted State. 
Died at Rockport, Ohio, October 2, 1864. 

"Wood, Silas; was born iu Suffolk County, New 
York; graduated at I'rinceton College in 1789; was 
the author of a "History of Long Island;" was n 
Representative iu Congress from New York from 
1819 to 1829. Died at Huntington, Suffolk County, 
Long Island, March 2, 1847, aged seventy-eight 
years. 

Wood, Thomas J. ; was born in Athens County. 
Ohio, September 30, 1844; was reared on a farm; 
taught school for two years; studied law; graduated 
fiom the Law Department of Ann Arbor University 
in 1867; settled in Indiana in the successful practice 
of his profession; was elected Prosecuting Attorney 
for a term of two years, and was re-elected; was a 
State Senator for four years; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Indiana to the Forty-eighth Congress, 
in every instance overcoming large opposition major- 
ities. 

"Wood, "Walter A.; was born at Mason, New 
Hampshire, October 23, 1815; received a common 
school education; removed to New York and engaged 
largely in manufacturing; was elected a Representa- 
tive from New York to the Forty-sixth and Forty- 
seventh Congresses. 

"Woodbridge, Frederick E.; was born in Ver- 
gennes. Vermont. August 29, 1818; graduated at the 
University of Vermont in 1840: studied law, and 
came to the bar in 1842; served tliree years in the 
State Legislature, two years in the State Senate, 
three years us State Auditor; in 1863 was elected a 
Representative from Vermont to the Thirty-eighth 
Congre.ss, serving on the Sommittee on the Judiciary; 
was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on the Judiciary and Private 
Land Claims; was a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
•' Loyalists' Convention " of 1866; was re-elected to 
the Fortieth Congress, and made Chairman of the 
Committee on the Pay of Officials of Congress. 

"Woodbridge, 'WiUiara ; was bom in Norwich, 
Connecticnt, August 20, 1780; his father becoming 
one of the earliest emigrants to the Northwest Terri- 
tory, removed to Marietta in 1791; received his 
earliest education in Connecticut; studied law at 
Litchfield, Connecticut, and was admitted to the bar 
in Ohio in 1806; in 1807 was elected to the Assem- 
bly of Ohio; in 1808 was Prosecuting .Vttorney for 
his county, which office he held until 1814; during 
the same period was also a member of the State Sen- 
ate; in 1814 received, from President Madison, unex- 
pectedly, the appointment of Secretary of the Terri- 
tory of Michigan, and removed to Detroit; in 1819 
was elected the first Delegate from Jlichigan to Con- 
gress, where he was very active in promoting the in- 
terests of his constituents; in 18;>s was appointed 
.ludge of the Supreme Court of Michigan Territory 
and held the office four years; in 18:!5'\vasa member 
of the Convention called to form a State Constitu- 
tion; in 1837 was elected to the State Senate of Mich- 
igan; in 1839 w.TS chosen Governor of the State; was 
a Senator in Congress from 1841 to 1*47: was a work- 
ing member on many important committees, and his 



reports and speeches were numerous; Daniel Web- 
ster, in a note to his speech in defense of the Ash- 
burton Treaty, attributed to Mr. ^Voodb^idge the 
first suggestion that was ever made to him of insert- 
ing, in that treaty, a provision for the surrender of 
fugitives, under certain circumstances, upon the de- 
mand of foreign goveinments; for many years before 
his death he lived in retirement at Detroit. Died 
( )ctober 20, 18 il. In 18B7 a small volume was pub- 
lished, entitled the " Life of William Woodbridge," 
from the pen of the compiler of this work. 

Woodburn, 'William ; was born in Wicklow 
County, Ireland, in 1838 : was a student at St. 
Charles' College, Maryland, for four years; emigrated 
to California in IS.jS; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1865; was District-.\ttorney of Storey 
County in 1871 and 1872; was elected a Representa- 
tive from Nevada to the Forty-fourth Congress for 
the State at Large; in 1884 was elected to the Forty- 
ninth Congress. 

Woodbury, Levi ; was born iu Francesto\vn, 
New Hampshire, December 22, 1789; graduated at 
Dartmouth College in 1810; attended the Law School 
at Litchfield, continued to study law in Boston, Ex- 
eter, and Francestown, and entered upon the prac- 
tice in 1812, in which he was successful; in 1816 was 
appointed Judge of the Superior Court of New Hamp- 
shire, and in 181i) .settled iu Portsmouth; in i6i3 
was elected C^ovemorof New Hampshire; was Speak- 
er of the State Hou.se of Representatives in 1825; was 
a Senator in Congress from 1825 to 1831; was ap- 
pointed, by President .lackson. Secretary of the Navy, 
in 1831 ; was transferred to the Treasury Department, 
as Secretary, in 1834, by President Van Bureu, and 
served until 1841; was again a Senator iu Congre.ss 
from 1841 to 1845, when he was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Polk, a Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
United States; was tendered the appointment of Min- 
ister to England, but declined it; received the degree 
of LL.D. from Dartmouth College and the Wesleyan 
Univer.sity of Connecticut, and was a member of vari- 
ous literary societies. Died at Portsmouth, New 
Hampshire, September 7, 1851. 

Woodcock, David ; was bom in Berkshire 
County. Massachusetts; was a member of the New 
York Assembly from Seneca County in 1814 and 
1815. and from Tompkins County in 1826; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from New York from 1821 to 
1823, and again from 1827 to 1829. 

Woodruff, George C; was born in Litchfiekl, 
Connecticut. December 1, 1805; graduated at Yale 
College in ls:25; studied law at the Litchfield School, 
and came to the bar iu 1827; was. for fourteen years. 
Postmaster of Litchfield ; was a Clerk and Represent- 
ative in the State Legislature; was, for years, Presi- 
dent of a bank; was a .lud^e of Probate for several 
years; in 1801 was elected a Representative from 
Connecticut to the Thirty -seventh Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Public Lands. ^^Jj hfW ii i L<t"" 

WoodrufF, John; was born in Hartford, Con- 
necticut, February 12, 1826: was a member of the 
Connecticut Legislature in 1854: in 18.'>5 was elected 
a Representative from Connecticut to the Thirty- 
fourth Congress; was also elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on the Post Office 
and Post Roads; subsequently held the position of 
Collector of Internal Revenue for the District of New 
Haven, in which city he died May 20, 1868. 

Woodruff, Lewis B.; was born in Litchfield, 
Connecticut, .lune 19, 1809. and was the son of Gen- 
eral Morris Woodrufi'; gradiuited at Yale College in 



BXOGKArillCAL ANNALS. 



559 



1830; stuflied law at the Law School of his native 
town; settled in New York City, and was associated 
with Willis Ilall and George Wood in the practice of 
his profession; in 18ti» was elected to the Bench of 
Common Pleas; in 1855 was transferred to that of 
the Superior Court; after the close of his term, re- 
sumed the practice of law; in 18(58 was appointed 
Judgeof the Court of Appeals; in 1869 was appointed 
Circuit Judge of the United States for the Second 
Cii'cuit. Died at Litchfield, September 10. 1875. 

Woodruff, Thomas M.; was a resident of New- 
York City; was a furniture dealer by occupation; was 
a member of Congress from 1845 to 1847. Died some 
years ago. 



"Woods, George L.; was Governor of Oregon 

)in 1866 to 1870. 



fro. 



"Woods, Henry ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1790 to 180^!. 

"Woods, John ; was born in Dauphin County, 
Pennsylvania, in 1794; removed, with his father, to 
Ohio in his infancy; was admitted to the bar in 1819; 
settled in Hamilton County, and at once took a high 
stand in his profession; in 1824 was elected to Con- 
gress and served two terras; in 18'39 became the ed- 
itor and publisher of the Hamilton Inldlir/encer, and 
so continued until 1832, when be returned to his 
profession, which he successfully practiced until 
1815, when he was elected auditor of the State, 
which office he held for two terms; while Auditor he 
did much to preser\ e the credit of the State. Died 
in Hamilton, Ohio, July 30, 1855. 

^AToods, John ; was a Rcpre.'ientative in Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania from 1815 to 1817. 

"Woods, John; was Governor of Illinois lor a 
part of the years 1860 and 1861. 

"Woods, "W. B.; was born in Newark, Ohio; 
graduated at Yale College in 1845; studied law, and 
began the practice in 1847; in 1857 was elected to the 
Ohio Legislature and made Speaker; was re-elected 
to the same body in is.59: in 1861 went into the mil- 
itary service as Lieutenant-Colonel of the Seventy- 
sixth Ohio Infantry; served until the close of the 
war and was mustered out with the rank of Briga- 
dier-General and Brevet Major-General ; was mus- 
tered out of service in Alabama, where he remained; 
in 1868 was chosen a State Chancellor for six j-ears; 
after serving as such two years, was appointed Cir- 
cuit Judge of the United States for the Fifth Circuit, 
residing in Mobile; in 1881 was appointed a Justice 
of the .Supreme Court of the United States. 

"Woods, "William ; was a Representative in 
Congress from New York from 1823 to 1825, and a 
member of the State Assemblv from Steuben County 
in 18:8. 

"Woods, "William Allan ; was bora near Farm- 
ingtou, Marshall county, Tennessee, May 16, 1837; 
removed, with his stepfather, to Davis County, Iowa, 
in 1847; received an acarlemic training, and gra<lu- 
ated from Wabash College in 1856; during the suc- 
ceeding year was Tutor in thai institution; in 186!) 
removed to Mai'ion, Indiana, where he taught school 
and studied law; was admitted to the bar in 18J1; 
in 1862 removed to Goshen, liidi;ina. where he prac- 
ticed his profession successfully; in 1867 was elected 
a Representative in the .State Legislature; in 1873 
was elected Judge of the Thirty-fourth .ludicial (,'ir- 
cnit, and served, by re-election, until 1881, when he 
was elected Judge of the State Supreme Court; was 



soon after made Chief Justice of that Court; in 1883 
was appointed United States District Judge for the 
District of Indiana, and removed to Indianapolis. 

"Woodside, Jonathan F.; was a citizen of 
Ohio; in 1835 was appointed Charc/e iVAffairea to 
Denmark, where he remained until 1841. 

"Woodson, Samuel H.; was born in .Tessamine 
County, Kentucky, October 24, 1815; graduated at 
Centre College; became a lawyer; was a member of 
the Missouri General Assembly in 1853 and 1854: 
was a member of the " Constitutional Convention" ot 
Jlissouri in 1855; was elected a Representative to the 
Thirty-fifth Congress from that State, .serving as a 
member of the Committee on Indian Afl'airs; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Indian Affairs. 

"Woodson, Samuel H.; w.is a Representative in 
Congress from Kentucky Ironi 1821 to 182.5. 

"Woodson, Silas ; was Governor of Missouri 
from 1873 to 1875. 

"Woodward, Augustus B.; -was a native of 
Virginia; emigrated to Michigan in 1805; was ap- 
pointed a Judge of the Territory, which honorable 
position he held until 1824; was the author of a 
" Code of Laws," which bears his name; in 1824 was 
appointed a Judge for the Territory of Florida, and 
died tliere after a service of three years. He was the 
man who, in 1812, had a resolution adopted in the 
Legislature prohibiting the wearing of apparel made 
from English goods. The colleagues of Judge Wood- 
ward on the bench -were Frederick Bates and John 
Griffin, in regard to whom the writer has been un- 
able to obtain any biographic particulars. We have 
seen it stated that Judge Woodward, in conjunction 
with John Steward and William AV. Harwood, 
founded the town of Ypsilanti in 1825; but, if he 
went to Florida in 1824, the statement cannot be 
true. 

"Woodward, George "W.; was born in Beth- 
any, Pennsylvania, March 26, ISOil; received an 
academic education; studied and practice,! law; was 
a member of the " State Constitutional ( ouvention" 
of 18:!7; in 1841 was appointed President Judge of 
the Fourth Judicial District, and held the office ten 
years; in 1852 was elected Judge of tlie Supreme 
Court of Pennsylvania, and held the i))sitioa for 
nearly sixteen years; was elected a Representative 
from Pennsylvania to the Fortieth and Forty-Ui-s; 
Congresses, serving on the Committees on Mines a?id 
Mining, Revision of the Laws of the United Stati's, 
Private Land Claims, Reconstruction, and the I.i- 
brarv: was a Delegate to the New York I'onverilion 
of 1868. 

"Woodward, Gilbert M.; was born at Washing- 
ton, District of Columbia, December 25, XKVt: re- 
ceived a common school education; ermaired in the 
printing business from 1850 to 1860; in the latter 
year removed to Wisconsin and settled at La Cro.sse; 
studied law, and was admitted to practice; entered 
the Union Army in 1862 and ser\ed until the close 
of the war, in 1865; resumed the practice of law at 
La Cro.sse; was District .Vttorney of La Crosse 
County for eight years; was, at dilierent times, .VI- 
dirman. Mayor, and City Attorney of La Crosse; 
was a Delegate to the National Convention of the 
National Liberal party in 1872, and to the Demo- 
cratic National Convention in 13S0; was elected a 
Representative from Wisconsin to the Forty-eighth 
Congress. 



660 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Wood'ward, Joseph A.; was born in South 
Carolina; was a Hepreseatative in Congress from 
tliat State from lb43 to 1847. 

■Woodward, "William; was a Representative 
in Congress from South Carolina from 1815 to 1817. 

■Woodworth, James H.; was born December 
4, 1804, in Greenwich, Washington County, New 
York; lived on a farm until twenty-one years of age; 
received a limited education at the schools in the 
vicinity, and removed to Fabius, Onondaga County, 
New York; taught a village school for a few months; 
then engaged in mercantile business; in 1827 went 
to Erie County, Pennsylvania, residing there four 
years; removed to Chicago, Illinois, in 1833; in 1839 
was elected to the State Senate; in 1842 was a mem- 
ber of the Lower House; from 1845 to 1850 was con- 
nected with the city government of Chicago, being 
two years Ma3'or; was a Representative from Illinois 
to the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

■Woodworth, Laurin D.; was bom in Wind- 
ham, Ohio, September 10, 1837; was educated at 
Hiram College; was admitted to the bar in 1830, and 
practiced law at Ravenna, Ohio; was a Major in the 
army in the war for the Union; was elected to the 
Senate of Ohio in 1867 and 1869; was elected to the 
Forty-third Congress, serving on the Committees on 
the Interior Department and Manufactures; was re- 
elected to the Forty-fourth Congress. 

Woodworth, "William "W.; was born in Con- 
necticut; was a Representative in Congress from 
New York from 1845 to 1847. 

"Worcester, Samuel T. ; was born in HoUis, 
Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, August 30, 
1804; graduated at Cambridge University in 1830; 
ibr two years was a Preceptor at the Waymouth 
Academy, Massachusetts; studied law at Cambridge, 
and came to the bar in 1834; went to Ohio that year, 
and settled at Norwalk in the practice of his profes- 
sion; in 184ri and 1849 was elected to the State Sen- 
ate; in 1859 was elected Judge of the Court of Com- 
mon Pleas, which position he held until elected a 
Representative from Ohio to the Thirty -seventh Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Elections, \c- 
counts, and Agriculture. 

"Word, Thomas J.; was a Representative in 
Congress from Mississippi from 1838 to 1839. 

"Worman, Ludwig ; was born in Bucks County, 
Pennsylvania; was a tanner by occupation; was a 
Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania from 
1820 to 1822. Died in 1822. 

"Wortendyke, Jacob R.; was born at Chestnnt 
Ridge, in the Township of Harrington, Bergen 
County, New Jersey, November 27, 1818; graduated 
at Rutgers College in 1839; was, for several years, 
teacher of the classics and raathematies; commenced 
the study of law in 1849, and was admitted to the 

_ bar in 1852; was Alderman of Jersey City, where he 
practiced law; was elected a Representative in the 

'Thirty -fifth Congress from New Jersey, serving on 
the Committee on Public Expenditures; was a Dele- 
gate to the New York Convention of 1868. Died in 
Jersey City, New Jersey, November 7, 1S68. 

"Worth, Jonathan; was born in 1797; served 
in the Legislatai-e of North Carolina from 1829 to 
1834; when the Nullification excitement arose, took 
an active part, and introduced into the House a reso- 
lution in its condemnation; when the Rebellion 
commenced, in 18(51, was again found advocating the 



Union cause, but declined to take any active part in 
public affairs; was Governor of North Carolina from 
18(j5 to 1869. Died at Raleigh, September 5, 1869. 

"Worthington, H. G-.; was born in Cumberland, 
Maryland, February 9, 1828; received an academic 
education; studied law, and came to the bar in 1851 -^ 
in that year removed to California, and settled in 
the practice of his profession in Tuolumme County, 
where he remained until 1856; subsequently spent 
some time in Central America and Mexico, and then 
resumed his profession in C'alilbrnia; in 1861 was 
elected to the State Legislature from the city and 
county of San Francisco; in 1862 removed to the 
Territory of Nevada, and settled in Austin; on the 
admission of Nevada as a State, was elected the first 
Representative therefrom, taking his seat during the 
second session of the Thirty-eighth Congress; in 1868 
was appointed Minister to Uruguay. 

"Worthington, John T. H.; was born in Mary- 
land; was a Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1831 to 1833, and again from 1837 to 1841. 

"Worthington, Nicholas E.; was born in 
Brooke County, West Virginia, March 30, 1835j 
graduated from Allegheny College, Meadville, Penn- 
sylv.ania, in 1855; removed to Illinois, and settled at 
Peoria; was County Superintendent of Schools from 
1864 to 1872; engaged in the practice of law at 
Peoria; was a member of the State Board of Public 
Instruction from 1868 to 1872; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Illinois to the Forty-eighth Congress; 
was re-elected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 

"Worthington, Thomas; was born in Jetfer-son 
County, Virginia, about 1769; emigrated to Ohio, 
and settled in Ross County in 1798; in 1803 was a 
member of the "State Constitutional Convention "; 
was a Senator in Congress from Ohio, from 1803 to 
1807, and .again from 1810 to 1814, when he resigned; 
from 1814 to 1818 was Governor of Ohio; after his 
retirement from that oSice was appointed a member 
of the first Board of Canal Commissioners, in which 
capacity he served until his death, which occurred 
in 1827. 

"Worthington, Thomas C; was born in Prince 
George County. .Mirvland; was a Representative in 
Congress from tluit State, from 1825 to 1827. Died 
June 19, 1827. 

"Wren, Thomas ; was born at McArthurstovvn, 
Ohio, January 2, 1826; received a common school 
education; studied and practiced law; was Deputy 
Clerk of El Dorado County, California, in 1855, 185(), 
and 1857; City Attorney of Austin, Nevada, in 1874, 
:875, and 1876; was a Representative in the Nevada 
Legislature in 1875; was elected a Representative 
from Nevada to the Forty-fifth Congress. 

"Wright, Augustus B.; was bom at Wriglits- 
borough, Columbia County, Georgia, June 16, 1813; 
commenced his education at a grammar school; after- 
wards entered Franklin College, but left in the latter 
part of the junior year without graduating; was a 
lawyer by profession; at the age of twenty-nine was 
elected Circuit Judge; resigned before the expiration 
of the second term, and was elected a Representative 
from Georgia to the Thirty-fourth Congress; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on the District of Colum- 
bia; took part in the Rebellion. 

"Wright, Carroll D.; was born at Dunbarton, 

New Hampshire, July 25, 1840; attended the acade- 
mies at Washington, Alstead, and Chester, Vermont; 



BIOGUAi'HlCAL AUNALS. 



561 



began the stiidy of law at Keene, New Hampshire, 
and continTied "it at Deiiham and Boston, Massa- 
chusetts; in August. lm2, while on a visit to Keene, 
New Hampshire, enlisted in the Union Army and 
was commissioned a Second Lieutenant; in tlie I'ullof 
186:? was appointed Adjutant of his regiment; was 
promoted Assistant Adjutant-General: at tlie close ot 
General Sheridan's campaign in the Shenandoah Val- 
ley, was commissioned Colonel; after the close of the 
Civil War resumed the study of law at Keene. New 
Hampshire; was admitted to the bar there in October, 
I8G0, and engaged in the practice of law; in 18(i~ es- 
tablished him.self in Boston, Massachusetts, in the 
practice of his profession, residing at Keading. near 
that city; in 1871 was elected a State Senator ol 
Massachusetts: was re-elected in ls72; in It**:! was 
appointed, by the Governor, Chief of the Massa- 
chusetts Bureau of Statistics of Labor; in 18, U de- 
livered a course of lectures before the Lowell Insti- 
tute, in Boston; in 1S80 was Supervisor of the United 
States Census for the District of Massachusetts; in 
1881 was chosen University Lecturer at Harvard 
College on the factory system; in January. I880, was 
appointed, by President Arthur, Commissioner ot 
the United States Bureau of Labor, at \S'ashington. 

"Wrigtit, Daniel B.; was born in Tennessee; was 
a Representative in Congress from Mississippi from 
1853 to 185V. 

■Wright, Ed-win R. V.; was born in Hoboken, 
New .Jersey, January 2. 1812; received an academic 
education; adopted the trade of a printer, and, as early 
as 18:55, edited and published a newspaper called the 
Jersei) Blue; studied law, and came to the bar in 1S3U: 
in 1843 was elected to the State Senate, and was a 
leading advocate of the present free school system of 
the State; in 1851 was appointed District Attorney 
for Hudson County, and held the office for live years; 
was also a Major-General of Militia for several years, 
commanding the Second Division of the State; in 
1859 was the candidate of the Democratic party for 
the office of Governor, but was defeated by a small 
majority; was elected a Kepresentative from New 
Jersey to the Thirty -ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Appropriations, and the Special Com- 
mittee on the death of President Lincoln. Died in 
Jersey City, January 19, 1871. 

■Wright, George C; was born in Bloomington, 
Indiana, March 24, 1820; graduated at the State Uni- 
versity in 1839; read law with his brother, .loseph A. 
Wright; removed to Iowa in 1840; served as Prose- 
cuting Attorney in 1847; was elected to the State 
Senate in 1849; in 1854 was chosen Chief Justice of 
the Supreme Court of the State; was elected to the 
same office by the people in ISfiO and 1865; was a 
Professor in the Law Department of the State Uni- 
versity for six years, from 1865; was elected to the 
United States Senate for the term commencing in 
1871 and ending in 1877, serving on the Committees 
on Finance, Judiciary, and Civil Service. 

■Wright, George H. ; was bom in Concord, Mas- 
sachusetts. June 4, 1817; passed seven years on a 
farm: settled in Boston as a merchant in 1832; was 
connected with the Boston Cuiirur for two ye;u-s. 
from 1837. after which he settled in Nantucket in the 
whaling business; went to California in 1-^49; was a 
Kepresentative in Congress from that State during 
the years 185U and 1851. 

■Wright, Hendrick B.; was born in Lnzerne 
County, Pennsylvania, April 24, 18U8; graduated at 
Dickinson College in 1«29; studied law, and came to 
the bar in 1831;" in 1834 was appointed Deputy At- 



torney-General for Luzerne County; was elected to 
the State Legislature in 1841 and 1842; was\e-elected 
in 1843, and was made Speaker of the House; was a 
member of all the National Democratic Conventions 
between 1840 and 1860, and of that Convention which 
nominated Mr. Polk for President was the presiding 
officer; in 1852 was elected a Kepresentative from 
Pennsylvania to the Thirty-third Congress; was also 
elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, to fill the 
vacancy caused by the death of George W, Scranton, 
and was a memiier of the Committee on Military 
Affairs; was again a Kepresentative in the Forty-fifth 
and Forty-si.\th Congresses. Died September 2, 
1881. 

■Wright, John C; was born in 1783; attained 
eminence as a lawyer, and early rose to the Supreme 
Bench of Ohio; his Law Reports are a part of all 
good libraries in the Western States; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Ohio from 1823 to 1829; 
was, for many years, the owner iindeditor of the Cin- 
cinnati Gazette: took an active part, as Delegate from 
Ohio, in the " I'eace Congress" of February, 18(il. 
Died in Washington, before the adjournment of that 
body, on the 13th of that month. 

■Wright, John "V.; was born in McNairy County, 
Tennessee, June 28, 1828; was a lawyer by profes- 
sion; was elected a Representative to the Thirty- 
fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses from his native 
State, and was a member of the Committees on Rev- 
olutionary Pensions and Expenditures in the War 
Department; w,as re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on the District of 
Columbia. 

■Wright, Joseph A.; was born in Pennsylvania, 
April 17, 1810; when a boy removed to Indiana 
with his parent.s, and became janitor in the Univers- 
ity of that State, enjoying, at the same time, the 
privileges of a student; studied law, and came to the 
bar in 1829; in 1833 was elected to the State Leg- 
islature; in 1840 was elected to the State Senate; 
from 1843 to 1845 was a Representative in Congress; 
was Governor of Indiana from 1849 to 1857; during 
the latter year was appointed, by President Buchan- 
an, Minister to Prussia; in 18()2 was appointed a 
Senator in Congress in place of J. D. Bright, serving 
one session; in 18(;3 was appointed, by President 
Lincoln, a Commissioner to attend the Hamburg Ex- 
hibition: in 1865 was appointed, by President John- 
son, for the second time. Minister to Prussia. Died 
in Berlin, JIarch 11, 1867. 

■Wright, Robert ; was born in Kent County, 
Maryland: was a Senator in Congress from Marjdand, 
froni 1801 to 1806. when he resigned; was, at one 
time, member of the State Executive Council; was 
(lovernor of iMaiyland from 1806 to 1809; was a 
Representative in Congress from Maryland, from 
1810 to 1817; was re-elected for the term from 1821 
to 1823. Died September 7, 1826. 

"Wright, Samuel G.; was born in 1787; at the 
time of his death was a member-elect of Congress 
from New .lersey. Died near Allentown, New Jer- 
sey, July 30, 1845. 

"Wright, Silas ; was torn at Amherst. Massa- 
chusetts. May 24, 1795: worked upon his father's 
farm in Vermont, in the summer, and attendtvl school 
in the winter; entered college in August, isll, and 
graduated at Middlebury College in 1815; read law 
in Washington County, New York, teaibing school 
one or two winters to aid in defraying his expenses; 
in 1819 settled in t*e practice of the law at Canton, 
St. Lawrence County, New York, where he continued 



563 



BJOGKAi'HICAL ANNAL.S. 



his residence until his death; was soon made a Mag- 
istrate auS Postmaster of his town, and Sun-oj^ate of 
his county; early raised a nnilbrraed militia rifle 
company, of which he was unanimously chosen Cap- 
tain, from \vhich position he rose to be Colonel of a 
rifle refjiraent, and became a Brigadier-General of In- 
fantry in laiT; was elected to the State Senate in 
November. \^2'.i, and served until Alarch 4, 1827, 
when he resigned that office, having been elected to 
Congress in Xovember. 1826; took his seat in Con- 
gress in December, 1827; was re-electcil in Novem- 
ber. 1828; having been elected State Comptroller, 
.January 27, 1829, resigned his seat in Congress be- 
fore serving out his term; while in Congress served 
as a memljer of the Committee on Jlanufactures, and 
took an active part in the tarilf investigations and 
discussions of 1826; served as Comptroller from the 
time of his election until he was chosen United 
States Senator, in the early part of January, 1833, 
when he immediately took his seat in the Senate; 
was re-elected in February. 1837, and again in Feb- 
ruary, 1843, and continued to serve until December. 
1844. when he resigned ; in November. 1844, was 
elected Governor of New York, and entered upon his 
duties .Tanuary 1, 184.5: in 1847 retired to private 
life, devoting himself t« the cultivation of his farm, 
and enjoying the society of his early friends and 
neighbors; while in the United States Senate he 
served most of his time on the Committee on Finance, 
and introduced the first Sub-Treasury bill, which 
became a law; President Tyler oftered him a seat 
upon the bench of the Supreme Court, which he de- 
clined; by other Presidents he was offered seats in 
their cabinets and missions abroad, all of which he 
refused; his last labor for the puljlic was the prepar- 
ation of an address tor the State Agricultural Society, 
which, having been finished, was read to that bod.v 
a short time after his death, by his friend, General 
Dix; he appeared twice in the Supreme Court of the 
United States to argue cases of high importance, and 
established in that tribunal a high reputation as a 
lawyer. On August 27, 1847, died snddenly at his 
residence in Canton. 

Wriglit, Turbett ; was a Delegate from Mary- 
land to the Continental Congress from 1781 to 1782. 

"Wright, "William; was born in Clarkstown, 
Rockland County. New York, in 1794; learned the 
business of a saddler when a boy, and followed it for 
seven years, at Bridgeport. Connecticut; removed to 
Newark, New .Jersey, in 1^23; was elected Mayor of 
that city in the years 1^40, 1841, 1842, and 'l843; 
■Wiis a Representative in Congress from New Jersey 
from 1S43 to 1847; w.as a candidate for Governor in 
1848. but was defeated; in 1853 was elected a Senator 
in Congress for the term ending in 18.59, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Manufactures, and 
that on the Contingent Expenses of the Senate; in 
1863 was again elected to the Senate for the term 
ending in 1869. serving on the Committees on Manu- 
factures, Public Lands, and Revolutionary Claims. 
Died in Newark, New Jersey, November 1, 1866. 

"Wurtz, John ; was born in Morris County, New 
Jersey; graduated at Princeton College in 1813; was 
a Representative in Congress from Pennsylvania from 
1825 to 1827. Died in Rome, Italy, April 23, 1861. 

"Wyche, James B.; was born in Mississippi; re- 
moved to Michigan; was appointed from that State 
an .Vssoeiate Justice of the United .States Court for 
the Territory of Washington, residing at Vancouver. 

"Wylie, Andrew; was bom in Pennsylvania; 
in 1864 was appointed, from the District of" Colum- 



bia, a Justice of the Supreme Court of the United 
States for the District of Columbia. 

"Wyman, A. U.; was, for a number of years. As- 
sistant Treabiirer of the United States at "Washington; 
was Treasurer of the United Stivtes from July, 1876, 
to July 1877; then resumed the position of Assistant 
Treasurer, in which he remained until M.arch, 1883, 
when he was again appointed Treasurer of the 
United States; in"l885 resigned, and became a bank 
official in New Y'ork. 

"Wyncoop, Heni'y ; was a Delegate to the Con- 
tinental Congress from 1779 to 1783; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Pennsylvania from 1789 
to 1791; was one of those who voted for locating the 
Seat of Government on the Potomac. 

"Wynn, Richard ; was born in Virginia; entered 
the military service earl.^- in the Revolutionary War, 
and in 1775 was Lieutenant of .South Carolina Rang- 
ers, serving in the battle on Sullivan's Island; was 
in command of Fort Mcintosh, Georgia; promoted to 
Colonel and commanded the militia at Fairfield Dis- 
trict, South Carolina; was with Sumter at Hanging 
Rock, where he was wouuded; was active during the 
remainder of the war, and at its close was appointed 
a Brigadier and then a Major-General of Militia; was 
a Representative in Congress from South Carolina 
from 1793 to 1797, and again from 1»»2 to 1813. 
Died in Tennessee, about the year 1813. 

"Wynn, Thomas ; was born, lived, and died in 
Hertford County, North Carolina; was a General of 
Militia; was a planter by occupation; served a num- 
ber of years in the House of Commons and Senate; 
was a Representative in Congress, in 1802, in the place 
of C. Johnston, deceased, and from 1803 to 1807; in 
1800 and 1808 was a Presidential Elector. Died June 
3,182.5. 

"Wythe, Q-eorge ; was born in Elizabeth City, 
Virginia, in 1728; was educated chiefl.y by his moth- 
er; when thirty years of age commenced the study of 
law, and soon came to the bar; was, for a longtime, 
a member of the House of Burgesses; was Chancellor 
of Virginia; in 1764 was appointed to prepare a peti- 
tion against the Stamp Act; was a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress from 1775 to 1777, and signed 
the Declaration of Independence; was also a member 
of the Convention which formed the Federal Consti- 
tution, but refused to sign the instrument; was the 
Chairman of a Committee to revise the Laws of Vir- 
ginia, which he accomplished with credit; in 1777 
was Speaker of the House of Delegates ; was appoint- 
ed Judge of the Court of Chancery; owned a large 
number of slaves, to one of whom he taught the 
Latin and Greek languages, and suddenly manumit- 
ted all of them; the honor was awarded to him of 
having been the instructor of Thomas Jefferson. Died 
June 8, 1806. 

Yancey, Benjamin O. ; was a citizen of Geor- 
gia: in 1858 was appointed Minister Resident to the 
Argentine Confederation, where he remained a little 
more than one year. 

"yancey, "William L.; was born at Ogeechee 
Shoals.Georgia, August 18,1814; received a good educa- 
tion in the Northern States; studied law. aud practiced 
in South Carolina; in 1837 settled in Alabama and ed- 
ited theCahawbaZ)emocra< andWetumpka^rjrus; was 
a Representative in Congress from Alabama from 1844 
to 1847; before entering Congress, had served in the 
Alabama Legislature, and, after leaving it. served as 
a member of various political conventions, first at 
Baltimore in 1848, then at Cincinnati in 1856, and at 



BIOCtUAPHICAL ANNALS. 



563 



Charleston in I860, in which lie bore a conspicuous 
part; in 1856 was a Presidential Elector; subseiiuent- 
ly visited Europe as an agent of the Southern States 
during the great Rebellion of 1861; also held several 
other appointments under the C'onfedirate Govern- 
ment. Died near Montgomery, Alabama, Julv 28. 

Yancy, Bartlett ; was born in Virginia; was 
educated at the Uniiersity of North Carolinii, where 
he was, for a time, tutor; his first appearance in pub- 
lic life was as a member of Congress from North Car- 
olina, in 1813, where he served four years; served for 
many years in the State Legislature, and frequently 
as Speaker of the House; his position as a lawyer 
was unsurpassed. Died in Caswell County, August 
30, 18-28. 

Yancy, Joel ; was a Representative in Congress 
from Kentucky from lS-27 to 1831. 

Yaple, Georg-e Ij.; was born at Lconidas, St. 
Joseph County, Mie'iigau, Februar.v 20, 1851; gradu- 
ated in the classical course at the Northwestern Uni- 
viTsity, Evanston, Illinois, in 1871; was admitted to 
the bar in 18T2; engaged in farming until 1877 when 
he entered upon the practice of law; was an unsuc- 
I cessful candidate for Congress in 1880; w;is elected a 
i Representative from Michigan to the Forty-eighth 
Congress. 

Yates, Abraham, Jr.; was a Delegate from 
New York to the Continental Congress in 1787 and 
1788. 

Yates, John B.; was born in New York; was a 
Representative in Congress from New York from 1815 
to isl7; was a member of the Assembly of that State 
in 1836, fi:om Madison County. 

Yates, Richard ; was born in Kentucky, Janu- 
ary 18, 1813; removed to Illinois; gradu.ated at Illi- 
nois College: was educated for the Unv; frequently 
served in the State Legislature; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Illinois from 1851 to 1855; in 
181)1 was elected Governor of Illinois for four years, 
and participated extensively in the raising of troops 
for the National Army during the Rebellion; was 
elected a Senator in Congress from Illinois for the 
term commencing in 1865 and ending in 1871, serv- 
ing on the Committees on the District of Columbia, 
the Pacific Railroad. Territories, Pensions, Manufac- 
tures, and Mines :md Mining, and as Chairman of the 
Committees on Revolutionary Claims and Territor- 
ies; was also a Deleg-ate to the Philadelphia '' Loyal- 
ists' Convention " of 1866. 

Yates, Robert ; was born in Schenectady, New 
York, January 27, 1738; received a classical educa- 
tion in New York Citv; studied law and was admit- 
ted to practice at Albany in 1760; was a writer in 
defense of liberty during the Revolution; was a 
member of the Committee of Safety: was Chairman 
of the Committee on Military operations, in 1776 and 
1777; wiis a Judge of the Supreme Court from 1777 
to 1790; was Chief Justice from 171)0 to 1798; was a 
member of the Convention that framed the Constitu- 
tion of the United States, which instrument he op- 
posed; preserved the debates of that Convention, 
which were published by his widow, 12mo. in 1839; 
was a member of the State Convention which jvdopted 
the Constitution; soon after was commissioned to 
treat mth the States of Massachusetts and Connecti- 
cut, on the subject of Territory, and to settle the 
Claims of New York against the State of Vermont. 
Died at Albany. September 9, 1801. 



Yates, Patar W.; wa-s a Delegate from New 
York, to the Continental Congress, from 1785 to 1787. 

Yeaman. G-eorge H.; was born in Hardin 
County. Kentucky, November 1, 1820; received his 
early education under many difficulties; studied law, 
aud came to the bar in his twenty-third year, enter- 
ing upon the practice of his profession at Owens- 
boro', Uavies County. Kentucky; in 1851 was elected 
Judge of Davies County, and from that time until 
1858 devoted his whole attention to the law, acquir- 
ing an extensive practice in the Circuit Court and 
Court of Appeals; in 1861 was elected to the Legis- 
lature of Kentucky; in 1862 was engaged in raising 
a regiment for the Union service; when J. S. Jack- 
son resigned he was elected, as his successor, a Rep- 
resentative from Kentucky to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committee on Military AS- 
faii-s; wa-s re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
servingon tlie same committee; in iS05 was appointed, 
by President .lohnson. Minister Resident to Denmark. 

Yeates, Jasper; was a member of the Lancaster 
County (Penu.sylvania) Committee of Correspondence 
in 1774; of the Convention which ratified the Federal 
Constitution in 1788; was Judge of the Supreme 
Court of Pennsylvania from 1791 until his death; 
published '' Reports of Cases in the Supreme Court 
of Pennsylvania," from 1791 to 1 808, Philadelphia, 
4 vols. 8vo. Died in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 
March 14, 1817. 

Yeates, Jesse J. ; was born in Hertford County, 
North Carolina, May 29, 1829; received a collegiate 
education; became a lawyer; was Solicitor of Hert- 
tbrd County from 1855 to 18C0; a Representative in 
the State Legislature in 1860; served as a Major in 
the Confederate Army; was Solicitor of the First 
Judicial Circuit from 1861 to 1866; was a member of 
the State Constitutional Convention in 1871; was 
elected a Representative from North Carolina to the 
Forty-fourth Congress; re-elected to the Forty -fifth 
Congress. 

Yell, Archibald; was born in Tennessee; re- 
moving to Arkansas, was appointed one of the .lodges 
of the Territory; was elected a Representative in 
Congress from 1835 to 1839; was again elected in 
181.5, serving only until 1846; was Governor of 
Arkansas in 1842 and 1844; was killed at the battle 
of Buena Vista, while in command of a regiment of 
•Arkansas mounted Volunteers. 

Yocum, Seth H.; was born in Columbia County, 
Peimsylvania, August 2. 1834; graduated at Dickin- 
son College, Pennsylvania, in IStiO; studied law and 
engaged in the practice; served in the Union Army 
in the War of the Rebellion; was elected a Represent- 
ative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-si.\th Congress. 

York, Tyre ; was born in Surry County, North 
Carolina, May 4, 1836; was reared on a larm; was 
educated in the common schools, and attended au 
academy one session; studied medicine, graduating 
from Charleston College, South Carolina, in 1S57; en- 
gaged in the practice of his profession ; in 1865 was 
elected a Representative in the State Legislature, 
and served in one or the other brancOi of that body 
almost continuously until elected a Representiiti ve 
from North Carolina to the Forty-eighth Congress 

Yorke, Thomas J.; was born in New .lerse.y; 
was a Representative in Congress from that State 
tVom 1837 to 1839, and again from 1841 to 1843; was 
a candidate for election to the Twenty-sixth Congress, 
but, although he came with the broad seal of his 
State, was not admitted. 



5C4 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



Yost, Jacob S.; was born in Pennsylvania; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State, from 
184:! to 1847. 

Young, Augustus; was born in Arlington, 
Vermont, iMarch 20, 1785; was admitted to the bar, 
in St. Albans, in 1810; commenced practice at Stowe, 
and in about eighteen months removed to Craftsbury, 
which town hs represented in the General Assembly 
(luring eight sessions; was four years State's Attor- 
ney for Orleans County; was Judge of Probate in 
18U0; in 1836 was chosen State Senator; was twice 
re-elected; was a Representative in Congress from 
Vermont from 1841 to 1843, and declined a re- 
election; in 1847 removed to St. Albans; was, for 
several years, .ludge of Franklin County Court; sub- 
sequently devoted himself to literary and scientific 
pursuits, and being a learned geologist and min- 
eralogist, was appointed, in ISriti, State Naturalist. 
Died at St. Albans, July 17, 18.57. He was highly 
popular, possessed great talents, and his scientific 
books and tracts indicate that he was a great mathe- 
matician and a profound reasoner. 

Young', Brigham; was born at Whittingham, 
Vermont, June 1, 1801 ; in 1S3:> founded the .Mor- 
mon sect, at Kirkland, Ohio; was one of the apostles 
sent out to make converts in 183."); was chosen I'resi- 
dent and Prophet in 1844; abandoned Nauvoo in 
184(1, and pursuaded his followers that Salt Lake 
Valley was the Promised Land; settled there in 
1817; in 1841) organized a State called Deseret, but 
Congress organized it as the Territory of 'Utah, of 
which he was United States Governor from 1850 to 
1851; the Mormons having defied the Federal Gov- 
ernment. I'rcsideut Jiuchanan, in 1857, sent a force 
to enforce its authority, and in 1858 a compromi.se 
was made; had twelve actual wives, besides many 
who had been "sealed to him" as his spiritual 
wives; as the head of the M<jrmon Church, lie was 
long Governor of the Territory, and " President" by 
semi-annual election. 

Young, Bryan R.; was born in Kentucky; was 
a Representative in Congress from that State from 
1845 to 1847. 

Young, Casey ; was born near Tuscaloosa, Ala- 
bama, in |K32; removed, with liis father, to Marshall 
County, Mis^issippi, when a child, and settled upon 
a farm; received a classical eiiucatiou at the village 
school, and by his own exertions; removed to 
Memphis, Tennessee, in 1851, and wrote for the press 
for about three years; studied law; was admitted to 
the bar in 1850, and began to practice; was on the 
electoral ticket lor Douglass in 1800; was opposed to 
the separiiti<m of the Union until the secession of 
Tennessee, when lie enlisted in the army of the Con- 
federacy; rose to the rank of Colonel of Cavalry; 
after the war resumed the practice of law; declineil 
the nomination for Mayor of Memphis in 1871; was 
defeated for Congress in 1872; in 1874 was elected a 
Representative from Tennessee to the Forty-lburth 
Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth and Forty- 
Fixth Congresses; also elected to the Forty-eighth 
Congress. 

Young, Ebenezer ; was born in Killingly, Con- 
necticut, in 1784; graduated at Yale CoUegein 1806; 
in 18'23 was elected to the State Senate; was twice re- 
elected: was two years Speaker of the House; was a 
Representative in Congress from 182l» to lbo5. Died 
at West Killingly, August 18, 1851. 

Young, John; was born in Chelsea. Orange 
County, Vermont, in 1802; when a boy removed, 



with his father, to Livingston County, New York; 
received a common school education at Cones\is; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1829; 
was in the State Legislature in 1831, 1844, and 1845; 
was a Representative in Congress from New York, 
from 1841 to 1843; was Governor of the State from 
1847 to 18411; was Assistant Treasurer of the United 
States, in New York City, at the time of his death, 
which occurred April 23, 1852. 

Young, John D.; was born in Bath County, 
Kentucky, September 22, 1823; received an English 
education; from 1843 to 1847 w.is Sherifi'of his native 
county, having previously served three years as Dep- 
uty; served for a time as Deputy United States Mar- 
shall; was a Judge of Probate from 1858 to 1862; 
was re-elected in 1866; resigned in 1867; w.as elected 
a Representative from Kentucky to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, but was refused his seat; was elected to the 
Forty-third Congress, serving on several Committees. 

Young, John Russell ; was born in Westchester, 
Chester County, Pennsylvania, November 20, 1841; 
his parents were Scotch-Irish, from County Tyrone, 
Ireland; w.as educated in the public schools of Phil- 
adelphia and the high schcol of New Orleans; iji 
1857 was engaged as an office boy in the office of the 
Pcfs.s, in Philadelphia, and there learned the profes- 
sion of journalism; as the representative of the Press 
witnessed the opening campaigns of the Civil War, 
from Bull Run to Chickahominy; in 1864 accom- 
panied General Banks on his Red River expedition; 
on his retnrn liecame the chief editor of the Press; 
resigned in 1><05, and entered the service of the New 
York Trihune; was managing editor from 1866 to 
18G9; in 1867 was admitted to the bar in New York; 
in 1871 went abroad as one of the foreign correspond- 
ents of the New York Herald, in which service he 
traversed the British Isles and the Continent; in 
1877 accompanied Genenal Grant in his famous tour 
around the world, which occupied two years; pub- 
lished the result of his observ.ations in two volume.! 
entitled, " Around the World with General Gr.ant "; 
on his return resumed his position on the editorial 
staft'of the New York Herald; in 1882 was appointed 
United States Minister to China. 

Young, John S.; was bom in Wake County. 
North Carolina, November 4, 1834; removed, mth 
his father, to Tennessee in 1836, and thence to Ar- 
kansas in 18 18; graduated from Centenary College, 
Louisiana, in 1855; located ,at Homer, Louisiau'a; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 18,57; 
served in the Confederate Army throughout the NVar 
of the Rebellion, rising to the rank of Lieutenant- 
Colonel; at the close of the war resumed the practice 
of his profession at Homer; was a District Judge; 
was elected a Representative from Louisiana to the 
Forty-fifth Congress. 

Young, P. M. B.; was born in Spartanbnrg, 
South Carolina, in 1838; graduated at the Georgia 
Military Institute in 1857; was a Cadet at the West 
Point Academy when the Rebellion commenced, but 
resigned that position when Georgia secede<I, and 
joined the Confederate .Vrmy; rose, by promotions, to 
the rank of M.ajor-General, receiving two wounds in 
battle; in 166s was elected a Representative from 
Georgia to the Forty-first Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Mileage; was re-elected to the two 
subsequent Congresses, serving on several Commit- 
tees. 

Young, Richard M.; w.a3 a Presidential Elec- 
tor in 1828; was a Senator in Congress from Illinois 
from 1837 to 1843; was appointed Commissioner Ai 



BIOGKAPHICAL ANNALS. 



565 



ihcGeueral Liiiid Office in 1846; was Clerk of thi> 
United States House of Representatives, in 1850 and 
1851. 

Young-, Thomas L.; was born in Killyleagh, 
Ireland, December 1-1, 1832; emigrated to the United 
States when a boy; served in the fnited States Army 
during the last year of the war with Mexico, and un- 
till857; located at Cincinnati. Ohio; tanglit school 
and studied law; served in the Union Army from 
1S61 to 1865, rising to the rank of Colonel and brevet 
Brigadier-General; was admitted to the bar in 18(i5; 
was appointed Assistant City Auditor in* the same 
year, and also elected a member of the State House 
of Representatives for the term of two years; was 
elected Recorder of Hamilton County in 1867; Wiis 
appointed Supervisor of Internal Revenue in 1868; 
was a Delegate to the Republican Naticnal Conven- 
tion of that year; was elected State Senator in 1871: 
Lieutenant-Governor in 1375; in 1«77 became Gov- 
ernor by the election of R. B. Hayes to the Presi- 
dency; was elected a Representative from Ohio to 
the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses. 

Young, Timothy R.; was born in New Hamp- 
shire; graduated at Bowdoin College in 1835; was a 
Representative in Congress from Illinois from 184!» 
to 1851. 

Young, "William S. ; was born in Nelson Coun- 
ty, Kentucky; was a Representative in Congress from 
that State from 1825 to 1827. 

Yulee, David L.; was born in the West Indies, 
of Hebrew extraction, in 1811; when quite young re- 
moved to Virginia, where he received the rudiments 
of a classical education; emigrated to Florida in 
1821; although he studied law, divided his time be- 
tween the practice of his profession and the pursuits 
of agriculture; was a Delegate to Congress from the 
Territory of Florida, from 1641 to 1845. bearing the 
name Levy, and, as Yulee, was a Delegate to the 
Convention which formed the State Constitution; 
was elected a Senator in Congress in 1845, where he 
continued until 1861, officiating as Chairman of the 
Committee on I'ost Offices and Post Roads; was 
also President of the .Vtlantic and Gulf Railroad in 
Florida; withdrew from the Senate to take part in 
the Rebellion of 1861, and at the close of the conflict 
was confined in Fort Pulaski as a Prisoner of State. 

Seal cat'i'f ,/v^ 

Zane, Charles S.; was born at Tuckahoe, New 
Jersey, March 2, 1831; removed to Illinois in his 
youth: received a d.issical education, graduating 
from McKeudell College, in Lebanon, Illinois; stud- 
ied law; was admitted to the bar in 18.57, and en- 
tered upon the practice of law at .Springfield^ Illinois; 
in .June, 187,'J, was elected Circuit Judge for the Fifth 
Judicial Circuit c)f Illinois, for the term of six years; 
was re-elected in 187!); in July. 1884, was appointed, 
by President Arthur, Chief Justice of the Supreme 
Court of the Territory of Utah; his fearless adminis- 
tration of the laws against polyg-atny, which began 
with his assumption of the duties of his high ofSce, 



won for him the plaudits of the people of the entire 
country, only excepting the Mormons. 

Zevely, Alexander N.; was born in North 
Carolina; was appointed, from that State, to a Clerk- 
ship in the General Post Office; in 185!) was pro- 
moted to the rank of Third Assistant Postmaster- 
General. 

ZoUicoffer, Felix K.; was born in Maury Coun- 
ty, Tennessee, May 19, 1812: received an academic 
education; served, for a few months, in a printing 
office, and in 1829 took upon himself the manage- 
ment of a newspaper at Paris, Tennessee; in 1834 
was editor and publisher of the Coliimhidn Ohserre.r, 
in the same State; in 1835 was elected State Printer, 
and re-elected in 1837; in 1842 removed to Nashville, 
and edited the Banner; in 1843 was elected Comp- 
troller of the State Treasury, and wiis re-elected in 
1845 and 1847; in 1849 was elected to the State Sen- 
ate; in 1850 was a contractor for Building the Sus- 
pension Bridge at Nashville; in 1851 and 1853 again 
edited the Nashville Banner; was a Representative 
in Congress from Tennessee in 1853, where he con- 
tinued until the close of the Thirty-fifth Congress, 
serving in the same as a member of the Committee on 
Territories ; was a Delegate to the " Peace Congress' ' 
of 1861; subsequently joined the great Rebellion, 
and served as a General of Volunteers: was killed at 
the battle of Mill Springs, Kentucky, in a hand to 
hand fight with General Speed S. Fry. whom he 
had frequently met at the bar in Kentucky and 
Tennessee. 

Zubly, John Joachim; was born at St. Gall, 
.Switzerland. August 27, 1724: came to America when 
a youth; graduated at Princeton College in 1770; 
settled in Savannah, Georgia, as a Presbyterian Jlin- 
ister: was a Doctor of Divinity, and preached in the 
(Jerman. English, and French languages; w:s a mem- 
ber of the Presidential Congress; was elected as a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress in 1755; was 
disloyal to the American cause, and was denounced 
on the floor of Congress as a traitor. Died in Savan- 
nah, July 23, 1781. 

Zulick, O. Meyer; was born at Easton, Penn- 
sylvania, June 3, 1839; was educated in the common 
schools and at a private academy: studied law at 
j Newark, New Jersey, and was admitted to the bar 
! of the Supreme Court of New .Jersey in 1860; engaged 
in the practice of law at Newark; soon after the 
breaking out of the Civil War entered the Union 
I Army as Adjutant of the Second Regiment District 
! of Columbia Volunteers; rose to the rank of Lieuten- 
j ant-Colonel, and was honorably mustered out of the 
service; resumed the practice of law at Newark, New 
Jersey; was appointed, by President .Tohnson, Col- 
lector of Internal Revenue for the Fifth District of 
New Jersey; in 1879 was elected Surrogate .lurtgc of 
Essex County, New Jersey, and served the full term 
of five years; in October, 1885, was appointed, by 
President Cleveland, Governor of the Territory of 
Arizona. 



ADDITIONAL SKETCHES. 



RECEIVED TOO LATE FOR CLASSIFICATION. 



Bishop, Richard M.; was born in Fleming 
County, Kentucky, November 4, 1812; reeeived a 
lair English educatiou; in early boyhood entered 
upon'a mercantile career; in 184-* removed to Cinciu- 
uati, Ohio, and engaged in the wholesale grocery 
business; was remarkably successful, and amassed a 
Ibrtune; in 1857 was elected a member of the City 
Council of Cincinnati, and in 1858 became President 
of the Council; in 1859 was elected Mayor of the city 
for a term of two years; was President of the Ohio 
State Missionary Society of the Christian Church 
from 1859 to 1869, and President of the General Mis- 
sionary Convention of that church from the death of 
Alexander Campbell until 1875: took a leading part 
on the side of the Union in 1860 and ]8t)l; during his 
administration as Mayor used most earnest endeavors 
to suppress gambling and Sabbath breaking in the 
city; was, for manj' years, a Trustee of McMicken 
Vniversity; became a Director of the First National 
Hank of Cincinnati; was a member of the Board of 
Managers of several benevolent associations; in 1871 
was President of the National Commercial Conven- 
tion, held at Baltimore, Maryland; became a Director 
of the Cincinnati Southern Railroad Company; in 
187:5 was a member of the Ohio State Constitutional 
Con\ention; in 1877 was elected Governor of Ohio, 
serving one term; became a Curator of Bethany Col- 
lege, Virginia, and President of the Board of Cura- 
tors of the Kentucky University; was elected Presi- 
dent of the Cincinnati Southern Railroad Company 
on the death of President Cireenwood, and continued 
in that position. 

Cheney, Person Colby ; was born at Holder- 
ness, (now Ashland), New Hampshire, February 25, 
l'^28; in 1835 removed, with his parents, to Peter- 
borough, New Hampshire; was educated in the com- 
mon schools, at Hancock Academy, and at Parson- 
lield (Maine) Academy; in 1^^45 became manager of 
a paper mill; in 1853 became part owner, and subse- 
(|uently sole owner, of a paper mill, achieving 
flattering success; afterwards mei'ged the business 
into a stock company, of which he became Manag(^r 
and Treasurer, and enlarged the business to embrace 
several mills and large tracts of timber land; became 
President of the Amoskcag Fibre-Ware Company; in 
1853 was a representative in tlie New Hampshire 
Legislature; in 1H()2 entered the Union Army .as 
Kegimental Quartermaster; ill health soon compelled 
him to resign; in l'-'b'4 was elected Xailroad Commis- 
sioner, serving three years; in 1-67 removed to Man- 
chester, New Hampshire; in 1871 was elected Mayor 
of that city; in 1875 was elected Governor of New 
Hampshire; was re-elected in 1-^76; in November, 
l.-<86, was ajipointed, by the Governor, United States 
Sen.ator. in place of Austin F. Pike, deceased. 

Church, Louis Kossuth; was born at Brook- 
lyn, New York, December 11, ls.|6; was educated at 



Claveriitk Institute, New York; studied law; was 
admitted to the bar, and engaged in the practice of 
law in Queens County, New York; settled at Hicks- 
ville, Long Island; in 1882 was elected a Represent- 
ative in the New York Legislature; was re-elected in 
1883 and 1884; declined are-nomination in 1885; in Oc- 
tober, 1885, was appointed, by President Cleveland, an 
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Dakota 
Territory; in 1888 declined the nomination for State 
Senator from his District, in New York, in which a 
nomination was equivalent to an election; in Decem- 
ber, 1836. was appointed Governor of the Territory 
of Dakota. 

Ha'wkins, A.lvin ; was born in Bath County, 
Kentucky, December 2, 1821 ; in 1827 removed, with 
his parents, to Maury County, Tennessee, and thence, 
in 1828, to Carroll County, Tennessee; was the eldest 
of thirteen sons ; his education was such. only, as 
could be obtained in the common schools of a new 
and sparsely-settled country; in early life labored on 
the farm and in the shop with his father, who was a 
blacksmith; in 1841 taught school one session ; in 
1842 commenced the study of law under Hon. B. C. 
Totten, of Huntingdon, Tennessee; in 1843 was ad- 
mitted to the bar ; soon after removed to Camden, 
Tennessee, where he remained until the Fall of 1846, 
when he returned to Huntingdon; in 1845 was 
an irnsuccessful candidate for member of the Legisla- 
ture; in 1846 raised a Company of Volunteers lor ser- 
vice in the Mexican War; was elected captain and re- 
ported his company for service, but it was not 
accepted; served as Alderman, and as Secretary of 
the Board of Aldermen, of Huntingdon, for 
several years; in 1853 was elected a Kejjre- 
sentative in the General Assembly of Tennessee ; 
declined a re-election; in 1860 was a Presidential 
I':iector on the Bell and Everett ticket; at the break- 
ing out of the War of the Rebellion, after the election 
of Mr. Lincoln, boldly espoused the cause of the 
Union, ;ind remained loyal to the Federal Govern- 
ment; in 1862, at an election held in his district by 
authority of a proclamation issued by Andrew John- 
son, then Military Governor of Tennessee, was elected 
a Representative to Congress, but, owing to the ir- 
regularity of his election, was not admitted to a seat; 
in 1863, because of the bitterness of his political op- 
ponents, temporarily removed to Greencastle, Indi- 
ana; in 1864 was appointed, by Judge (Matron, Attor- 
ney of the United States for the District of West 
Tennessee, and in 1865 was re-appointed by Presi- 
dent Johnson; in 1864 was tendered, by Governor 
.lohnson the appointment of Judge of the Common 
T;aw and Chancery Court for the city of Memphis, 
Tennessee, but declined; in September, 1865, re- 
signed the office of District Attorney, and accepted 
the appointment of Judge of the Supreme Court 
of Tennessee; soon there:ifter returned to his 
home in Huntingdon; in 1868 resigned and re- 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. 



567 



samed the practice ol' his pvol'ession; in 1868 was 
appointed, by President Joluison, Consul General 
of the United States at Havana, Cuba; started, with 
his family, to his post of duty, but, being a<lvised of 
the prevalence of yellow fever iu Havana, forwarded 
his resignation and returned home; in May, 1869, 
was elected a .hidgc of the Supreme (Jourt of Tennes- 
see, and remained in that position until displaced by 
the State Constitution adopted in 1870; soon after his 
retirement from the bench was elected President of 
. the Nashvilli! and Xorthwestern Railroad Company 
but, as that road was then in the hands of a receiver, 
and was soon therealter sold, never exercised any 
tjontrol over it; in 1880 was elected Governor of Ten- 
nessee for a term of two years; was renominated in 
18-^2, but was defeated on the issue of the State debt, 
he representing the element opposed to any form of 
repudiation; resumed the practice of law; became a 
Trustee of the Central Tennessee College, and ot the 
Chattanooga University. 

Jackson, John J.; was born at Parkersburg. 
Virginia (now West Virginia), August 4, 18M; re- 
ceived a classical education, graduating at Princeton 
College, New .Tersey, in 1845; studied law; w.is ad- 
mitted to the bar in- 1846, and engaged in the prac- 
tice of law; was Prosecuting Attorney forthe County 
of Wirt, Virginia, from 1848 to 1854; held the same 
position in the County of Ritchie from 1850 to 18.53; 
in 1851 was elected a Representative in the Legisla- 
ture of Virginia for a term of two years; was re- 
elected iu 1853; was a Presidential Elector on the 
Scott ticket in 1852, on the Fillmore ticket in 1856, 
and on the Bell ticket in 18G0; in August. 1861, was 
.appointed, by President Lincoln, .Tudge of the United 
States District Court for the Western District of Vir- 
ginia, (now the District of West Virginia). 

James, diaries P.; was born at Cincinnati, 
Ohio, May 11, 1818; was educated in preparatory 
studiesat a private school taught by Alexander Kin- 
mont, of St. Andrews, Scotland; entered as a sopho- 
more in Harvard College in 18:!6; studied law with 
Judge Oliver M. Spencer, in Cincinnati. Ohio; was 
admitted to the bar in 18 11 ; was appointed Professoc 
of Law in the Law School of Cincinnati College in 
1850, and served six years; was appointed Judge of 
the Superior Court of Cincinnati to till a vacancy 
caused by the resignation of .Judge William Johnson ; 
removed to Washington, I). C, in .Tanuary, 1864; 
was one of the Commission appointed to revise the 
Statutes of tlie United Stales; was, for four years. 
Professor of Law in the Law School of Georgetown 
University, D. C. ; >vas appointed an .\ssociate .Justice 
of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia, 
July 29, 1879. 

Kinkead, John H.; was born at Smithfield, 
Fayette County, Pennsylvania, December 10. 1826; 
iu 1*29 removed, with his parents, to ZanesviUe, 
Muskingum County. Ohio, and from thence removed 
to Lancaster, Fairfield County, Ohio, in 1836; was 
educated at the Lancaster High School, among his 
classmates being ,Tohu Sherman — afterwards United 
States Senator — and others who have attained to 
eminent positions; iu 1^45 went to St. Louis, Mis- 
souri, where he was engaged in mercantile business for 
nearly five years; in 1849 removed to Salt Lake City, 
Utah, continuing a merchant; in 1854 went to Cali- 
fornia, and in 1860 settled iu Nevada; was Treasurer 
of Nevada Territory for three years; was a member 
of the Constitutional Convention which framed the 
constitution under whicli Nevada was admitted as a 
Slate; went to Alaska at the time of its purchase by 
the United States, and remained there nearly three 
years, returning to Nevada in 1871 ; was nominated 
for Governor of Nevada, in 1878, without solicitation; 



was elected and served four years — from .January, 
1879, tu .January, 1883: in the latter ye.ir was ap- 
pointed, by President Arthur, Governor of the Dis- 
trict of Alaska, serving in that position until the 
advent of President Cleveland, in 1885; then re- 
turned to Carson City, Nevada. 

LeDuc, William G-.; was born at Wilkesville, 
Gallia County. Ohio, March 29, 1823; in his sixth 
year, was placed in charge of his great uncle. Colonel 
William Sumner, at Lancaster. Ohio, to l)e educated; 
attended tlie academy and the grammar school at 
that place; remained there until the death of Colonel 
Sumner, in 1837; then re-joined his parents on a farm 
in Licking County, Ohio, whence they had moved; 
worked on the farm about four years, and then pre- 
par(nl for college at Warren, f)hio; taught a country 
school one winter; in the fall of 1843, after a severe 
illness, went south in a buggy, with an elder brother, 
to regain his health; taught school at Chula Noma, 
Mississijipi. until .June. 1844; then returned to Ohio 
and entered Kenyon College; during his senior year, 
entered as a student at law in the office of Delano & 
Smith, at Mt. Vernon, Ohio; graduated from college 
in 1848 ; immediately entered the service of two 
book pnblislu'rs as a traveling agent; was admitted 
to the bar of the .Supreme Court of Ohio in 1850, and 
emigrated to St. Paul, Minnesota, where he entered 
tipou the juactice of law. and also opened the first 
book store iu the Territory of Minnesota; engaged in 
real estate and railroad enterprises; abandoned his 
profession and removed to Hastings. Minnesota, where 
he engaged in the lumber busine.ss on a large scale; 
also built and operated a flouring mill there; at the 
breaking out of the Ci'sil War sold his mills and en- 
tered the Union Army as Captain and Assistant 
Quartermaster, served with the .\rmy of the Potomac 
until after the battle of Gettysburg; then joined the 
Army of the Tennessee, where he became Chief Quar- 
termaster; was promoted to Brevet Brigadier-General 
on the recommendation of General George H. Thomas; 
resigned in August, 1865. and returned to Hastings, 
Minnesota; resumed railroad construction iu eounec- 
tiou with Oakes .\raes; the misfortunes of the latter 
proved equally disastrous to General Le Due; on the 
accession of Mr. Hayes to the otfice of President of 
the United States, General Le Due was appuinted, 
by him. Commissioner of Agriculture, at Wa.shiugton, 
in which position he served four years; was very 
strongly endorsed by the agriculturists of the country 
for re-appointment, bat was unsuccessful ; on his re- 
tirement from that po-sition, was elected a member 
of the French National .Agricultural Society of France, 
an honor theretofore conferred on but four Americans: 
George Washington, Thomas .lelTerson, .John Marshall, 
and Benjamin Thompson. Retired to his farm, near 
Hastings, and devoted himself to its cultivation, oc- 
casion.ally delivering lectures on various topics. 

Putnam, James O.; son of Harvey Putnam; 
was born at Attica, New York, .July 4, 1818; gr.idn- 
ated at Yale College in 1839; read law with his father; 
was admitted to the bar in 1842 and settled in the 
city of BuO'alo in the practice of law ; from 1843 until 
its consolidation with the New York Centr.al Railroad 
Company, was Secretary and Attorney of the Attica 
and Buffalo Railroad Company; was Postmaster of 
Buffalo during the administration of President Fill- 
more; represented the ButTalo District in the State 
Senate of New York in 1854 and 1855; was a Presi- 
dential Elector-at^large in 1860; was United States 
Consul at Havre, France, from 1861 to 1866; was 
United States Minister to Belgium from 1860 to July, 
1862: w:us the United States Delegate to the Inter- 
national Property Congre.ss held in Paris, France, in 
18^0; a volume of his Addresses and Miscellanies 
was published in 1880. 



668 



BIOGRAPHICAL ANxVALS. 



Richmond, Le-wis; was born at Providence, 
Rhodo Island, March 1-2, 1824; received a collegiate 
education; engaged in mercantile pursuits until 
1854, vrhen he retired from business; in April, 1861. 
enlisted as a private in the First Khode Island Reg- 
iment of three mouths' men; took part in the first 
battle of Bull Run; on the expiration of his term of 
enlistment was commissioned, by the President, as 
Assistant Adjutant-General, with the rank of Cap- 
tain, on the General Staff of Genera! A. E. Burnside; 
was Adjutant-General of the North Carolina expedi- 
tion, Army of the Potomac, and was piesent at the 
battles of Roanoke Island and Xewberne; in March, 
1862, was promoted to the rank of Major; returning 
to Virginia, in July, 1862. with (leneral Burnside, 
was commissioned Adjutant-General of the Ninth 
Army Corps, with the rank of Ijieutenant-Colonel; 
was Adjutant-General of the right wing of the Army 
of the Potomac from September 4 to 15, and engaged 
ill the battle of South Mountain; as Adjutant-Gen- 
eral again of the Ninth Corps took part in the battle 
of Antietam; was Adjutant-General of the Army of 
the Potomac from November 10, 1862, to .Tanuary 26, 
l."-!);), and was engaged in the battle of Fredericks- 
burg; was Adjutant-General of the Department of 
the Ohio, and the Army of the (Jhio, from March 25, 
18(i:), to December 12, 1863, daring the pursuit and 
cajiture of Morgan's Raiders in .Jul}- and .lugust, 
mid was present at all the engagements of that 
-ventfnl period; as Adjutant-General of the Ninth 
Corps, with the Army of the Potomac, from May, 
1864. took part in the Richmond campaign, in the 
Jiattle of the Wilderness, and in all the struggles of 
tlmt army during the closing year of the war: was 
three times brevetted for gallant and meritorious 
.services in different campaigns, the last promotion 
being to the rank of Brigadier-General; resigned his 
(«mniission immediately alter the surrender of the 
Confederate Army of Northern Virginia, in April, 
1865; in 1875 was appointed United States Consul at 
Queenstown, Ireland; in 1880 was promoted to the 
Consulate at Bellast, and, in 1881, to the position of 
Cousul-General of the United States for Italy, at 
Rome: in 1882 was appointed, also, Secretary of Le- 
gation, and, the Minister having recently died, be- 
came CJi(ir(/e d'Afains ml inltrim: retained the posi- 
tion of Secretary of Legation until 1884, when he 
was appointed Minister Resident of the United States 
at Lisbon. Portugal; on the accession of Jlr. Cleve- 
land to the Presidency on March 4, 1885, tendered 
his resignation, which w;i3 accepted two months 
later, when he retired to private life. 

Roberts, Oran Milo ; was born in Laurens Dis- 
trict. South Carolina, July 9. 1815; while a youth, 
removed, with his parents, to Sinclair Conntv." South 
Carolina; labored on the farm of his father until 
sixteen years of age; then obtained a situation in a 
lawyer's office at Ashville. where he prepared him- 
self for college; in 18:56 graduated from the Univers- 
ity of Alabama; studied law; was admitted to the 
bar, and entered upon the jiractice of law at Ash- 
ville, South Carolina; was soon after elected a Repre- 
sentative to the State Legislature; in 1841 removed 
to Te.xas, and .settled at St. Augu-^tine in the prac- 
tice of his profession; in lK44 svas appointed, by 
President Houston, District Attcunev, holding the 
office until the annexation of Texas "to the United 
States; in 1846 was appointed, by Governor Hender- 
son. Judge of the Filth Judicial District of Texas- 
in 1857 was elected an Associate Justice of the Su- 
preme Court of Texas; in I8!i2 resigned anil entered 
the Confederate Army as Colonel of the FJeventh 
Tcx.as Infantry ; commanded a Brigade at the battle 
of Uordeaux, Louisiana, in 1863; in 1864 was elected 
Chii f Justice of Texas; in 1866 was elected a mem- 



ber of the State Constitutional Convention; in the 
same .year was elected a United States Senator, but 
was not admitted to his seat; from 1868 to 1870 was 
Professor of Law and Agriculture in the Institute at 
Gilmer, Texas; then retired to his farm, in Shelby 
County, and engaged in farming and the practice of 
law; in 1873 was a Delegate to the Democratic State 
Convention; in 1874 was appointed, by Governor 
Coke, Chief J ustice of the State ; was elected to that 
position in 1876; in 1878 was elected Governor of 
Texas, and resigned the office of Chief Justice; was 
re-elected in 1880; in 1883 became Professor of Law 
in the University of Texas. 

Rublee, Horace ; was born at Berkshire, Frank- 
liu County. Vermont. August 19, 1829; emigrated, 
with his father's lamily, to the then Territory of 
Wisconsin, in 1840; was the editor of the Wiscnnsin 
Sliilc Joiininl, at Madison, Wisconsin, from 18.53 to 
1869; held the office of State Librarian during the 
years ]8,")6 and 1857; was Chairman of the Republi- 
can State Committee of Wisconsin from 1859 to 1869, 
and again in 1877 and 1878; was a Delegate to the 
Republican National Convention in 1868; in April, 
1869, was appointed, by President Grant, United 
States Minister to Switzerland, • and held that po- 
sition until 1876; tendered his resignation in the 
autumn of 1876; withheld it, however, at the re- 
quest of President Grant, until the latter's term of 
office expired; in 1881 assumed the editorship of the 
iMihvaukee EepKhlicnii and N^ews; in 1882 became 
editor of the Milwaukee Senfinel. 

Seay, "William A.; was born near Bnrkeville, 
Virginia, April 19. 1831; received a classical educa- 
tion, graduating from Princeton College. New Jer- 
sey, in 1850; studied law at the Lexington Law 
School, and was admitted to the bar, in Virginia, in 
1852; removed to St. Louis, Jlissouri, in 1853, and 
from there to Shreveport, Louisiana, in 1861; was a 
Professor in the Louisiana State Military School; 
was an engineer officer in the Confederate Army 
under General Price; received a majority of the votes 
cast for Judge of the District Court in 1872, but the 
Returning Board decided that he was not elected; 
was elected a Representative to the Louisiana Legis- 
lature in 1881, and again in 1884, and was Chairman 
of the Judiciary Committee; in 1884 was appointed 
Commissioner to revise the Statute Laws of the State; 
in 1885 was ap])ointed, by President Cleveland, 
United States Minister to Bolivia. 

Stearns, Marcellus L.; was born in Lovell, 
Oxford County, Maine, April 29, 1839; was educated 
at Colby University; read law at Portland, Maine: 
entered the Union Army as a private, and rase to the 
rank of First Lieutenant; settled in Florida im- 
mediately after the close of the Civil War; was ad- 
mitted to the bar, and practiced law; was appointed 
United States Surveyor-General of Florida; was 
twice elected a Representativ(> to the Legislature, 
and Speaker of the House; was elected Lieutenant- 
Governor of Florida ; was Ciovernor of the State from 
1874 to 1877; served three years on a United States 
Commission, appointed to settle land titles at Hot 
Springs, Arkansas. 

Vance, Robert B. ; was born in Buncombe 
County, North Carolina, in 1790; received a collegiate 
education; graduated in surgery, and became emi- 
ne-it in his profession; in 1822 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from North Carolina to the Eighteenth Con- 
gress; in 1824 was defeated for re-election by Samuel 
P. Carson; as a result of this contest. Dr. Vance and 
Mr. Carson fought a duel, in October, 1827, in which 
the former was killed. 




Washington Monument 

WASHINGTON. 
(Height. .MO feet, u] g inches.) 



APPENDIX. 



TPabular Records 



DELEGATES TO THE COLONIAL CONGRESS. 

27ii.s CoDffress was composed of Delegates from nine of 
the Colonies, and met at A'ew York on the 1th of Octo- 
ber, 1765: — •Timothy Riiggles, PresideTii; John Cot- 
ton, Secretary. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 
Otis, .Tames, Partridge, Oliver, 

R aggies, Timothy. 

RHODE ISLAND. 

Bowler, Metoalf, Ward, Henry. 

CONNECTICUT. 

•/Dver, Eliijhalet, VJohnson, William Samuel, 

Rowland, David. 

NEW YOEK. 

Bayard, William, Lispenard, Leonard, 

Cruger, John, •^ Livingston, Philip, 

•/'Livingston, Robert R. 

NEW JER.SEY. 

Borden, Joseph, Fisher, Hendrick, 

Ogden, Robei-t. 



Bryan, George, 



PENNSYLVANIA. 

"^Dickinson, John, 
>/Morton, John. 



DELAWARE. 

M'Kean, Thomas, /Rodney, Caesar. 

MAEYLAND. 

Murdock, William. Riiigold, Thomas, 

Tilghman, Edward, 

SOUTH CAROLINA. 

/Gadsden, Christopher, vLynch, Thomas. 
v^Rutledge, John. 

The Representatives of New Hampshire, from tho 
peculiar ^ituation of that colony, judged it imprudent 
to send Representatives to this Congress, tliough they 
approver! of the measure; and the Assemblies of Vir- 
ginia, North Carolina and Georgia not being in ses- 
sion, the Governors of these colonies refused to call 
special Assemblies for a purpose deemed by them 
imjiioper and unconstitutional. 



THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. 

PROCEEDINGS IN THE CONGRESS OP THE UNITED COLONIES RESPEiTING "A DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE , 
BY THE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, IN CONGRE.SS ASSEMBLED." 



Saturday, June 8, 1776. 

Resolved, That the resolutions respecting independ- 
ency be referred to a Committee of the Whole Con- 
gress. 

The Congress then resolved itself into a Committee 
of the Whole; and, after some time, the President re- 
sumed the chair, and Mr. Harrison reported, that the 
Committee have taken into consideration the matter 
to them referred, but, not liaving come to any resolu- 
tion thereon, directed him to move for leave to sit 
again on Monday. 

Jicsolved, That this Congress will on Monday next, 
at 10 o'clock, resolve itself into a Committee of the 
Whole, to take into further consideration the resolu- 
tions referred to them. 

MoxDAY, June 10, 1776. 

.\greeable to order, the Congress resolved itself 
into a Committee of the Whole, to take into tlieir fui-- 
ther consideration the resolutions to them referred; 
and, after some time spent thereon, the President re- 
sumed tlie chair, and Mr. Harrison reported that the 
( 'ommittee liavo Iiad under consideration the mat- 
ters referred to tliein. and have come to a resolution 
thereon, which tlii'v directed him to report. 

The resolution agreed to in Committee of the Whole 
being read, 

lic-iotvcd, That the consideration of the first resolu- 
tion be postponed to Monday, the first day of July 

a 



] next; and, in the meanwhile, that no time be lost, in 
case the Congress agree thereto, that a Committee be 
appointed to prepare a Declaration to the efl'ect of the 
said lirst resolution, which Ls in these words; " Thai; 
these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be 
free and indepentient States; that they are absolved 
from all allegiance to the British Crown; and that all 
political connection between thcni and the State of 
Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved. " 

Tuesday, June 11, 1776. 
Beaolved, That the Committee lor preparing the 
Declaration consist of five. The Members chosen: 
Mr. Jefi'erson, Mr. .Tohn Adams, Mr. Franklin, Mr. 
Sherman, and Mr. R. R. Livingston. 

Tuesday, June 25, 1776. 

A Declaration of the Deputies of Pennsylvania, met 
in Provincial Conference, was laid before Congress 
and read, expressing their willingness to concur in a 
vote of Congress declaring the United Colonies fre« 
and independent States. 

Friday. June 28, 1776. 

" Francis Hopkinson, one of the Deleg:ites from 
New Jersey, attended and produced the credentials of 
theirappointment," containing the following instruc- 
tions: "If you .shall judge it necessary or expedient 
for this purpose, we empower j'ou to join in declaring 
the United Colonies independent of Great Britain, en- 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



tering into a confederation for union and common 
detence," etc. 

Monday, July 1, 1776. 
"A resolution of the Convention of Maryland 
parsed the 28th of June, was laid before Congress 
and read," containing the followiug instructions to 
tlieir Deputies in Congress: " That the Deputies of 
said Colony, or any three or more of them, be autlior- 
ized and empowered to concur with the other United 
Colonies or a majority of them, in declaring tlie 
United Colonies tree and independent States ■ in 
lorming sueli further compact and confederation 
between them," etc. 
The order of the day being read: 
Resolved, That tliis Congress will resolve itself into 
a Committee of the Wliole, to take into consideration 
the resolution respecting independency 

That the Declaration be referred to said Committee 
+1 ^^f^Congres-s resolved itself into a Committee of 
the Wliole. After some time, thp President resumed 
the chair, and Mr. Harrison reported that the Com- 
mittee had come to a resolution, which they desii-ed 
him to report, and to move for leave to sit a'.rain 

Ihc resolution agreed to by the Committee of the 
Whole being read the determination thereof was, at 
the rciue.st of a Colony, postponed until to-morrow 
J rh ^^""^ *'"' ^^'""gress will, to-morrow, re- 
solve itselt 1,1 to a Committee of the Whole, to take 

pendenT ''*"'" "" ^'^^l-'''^""" respecting inde- 
TuESDAY, July 2, 1776. 

The Congress resumed the consideration of the res- 
olutu,n reported from the Committee of the Whole 
which was agreed to as follows: ' 

liKsoi^X^T, That these United Colonics are, and of 
rght ought to be. Free and Independent States that 
they are absolved from all alle^jiance to the BritHi 

t::l,i?M:d'^ '"'"" ^'■""'" ''• """ ""^^ '" *^. 

Agreeable to the order of the day, the Congress re- 
solved Itself into a Committee oV the Whole- and 
after some time, the President resumed the chai'r, and 
Ml. Harrison reports that the Committee have had 
under consideration tlie Declaration to them referred 
but not having had time to go through the same de^ 
sired him to move ibr leave to sit an-ain 

AV^oto^rf, That this Congress will.Vmorrow, a-ain 
resolve iteelt into a Committee of the Whole, o rake 
into tbeir further consideration the Declaration re 
specting independence. 

Wednesday, July 3, 1776. 

Agreeable to the order of the day, the Con.^ress re- 

so ved Use t into a Committee of tlie Whole, to take 

into their further consideration the Declaration- ad 

a ter some tune, the President resumed the chai,-; 

havinl ver"*" 'T'^"^ *'"** "''^ Committee, not 
a^Iin through it, desired leave to sit 

"■/.'«„/,«/, That this Congress will, to-morrow, again 
resolve itselt ,n o a Committee of the Whole, to Take 
Independence ' ^■''"■^"''^™««" ">« DecUxration of 
Thuesday, July 4, 1776. 

Agreeable to the order of the day, tlie Congress re- 
solved Itself into a Committee of the Whole, to take 
, ito their further cnsKleration the Declaration; and 
a ter .some time, the President resumed the chair, and 
Air. I ari-i.sou reported that the Committee Iiad agreed 
to a Declaration, which they desired liimto report 

Ihe Declaration being read, was agreed to as fbl- 



A DECLAEATION BY THE EEPEESENTATIVES OF THE 
UNITED STATES OP AMEEICA, IN CONGEESS AS- 
SEMBLED. 

When, in the course of human events, it becomes 
necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands 
which have connected them with another, and to as- 
sume, among the powers of the earth, the separate 
and equal station to which the laws of nature and of 
nature s God entitle them, a decent respect to the 
opinion of mankind requires that they .should declare 
the causes which impel them to the separation 

We hold these truths to be self-e\ident that all 
men are created equal; that they are endowed by 
their Creator with certain unalienable rights- that 
among these are life, liberty, and the pursuits of hap- 
piness. That to secure these rights, governments are 
instituted among men, deriving their just powers 
from the consent of the governed; tliat whenever 
any form of government becomes destructive to these 
ends. It IS right of the people to alter or to abolish 
it, and to institute a new government, laving its , 
foundation on sucli principles, and organizing its 
power,s m such form, as to them shall seem most 
likely to effect their safety and happiness. Prudence 
indeed, will dictate that governments long established' 
should not be changed for light and transient causes': 
and accordingly, all experience has shown, that man- 
kind are more disposed to sufter, while evils are suf- 
ferable, than to right themselves by aljolishing the 
forms to which they are accustomed. But when a 
long tram of abuses and usurpations, pursuing inva- 
riably the same object, evinces a design to reduce 
them under absolute despotism, it is their right, it is 
their duty, to throw off such government, and to pro- 
vide new guards for their future security. Such has 
been the patient sufferance of these Colonies and 
suchisnovvthe necessity which constrains them to 
alter their former systems of government The his- ' 
tory of the present king of Great Britain, is a history 
ot repeated injuries and usurpations,' all havin<r in 
direct object, the establishment of an absolute tyr- 
anny oyer these States. To prove this, let facts b» 
submitted to a candid world: 

He has refused his a.sseut to laws the most whole- 
some and necessary for tlie public good 

He has forbidden his Governors to pass laws of im- 
mediate and pressing importance, unless suspended 
m their operation till his assent should be obtained- 

"If' Yl?e°fosu,spended, he has utterly neglected to 
attend to them. 

He has refused to pass other laws for the accom- 
modation ot large districts of people, unless tho.se 
people would relinquish the right of representation 
n the Legislature; aright inestimable to them, and 
formidable to tyrants only. ' 

He has called together legislative bodies at places 
unusual, uncomtbrtable, and distant from the deijos- 
itoiyot their public records, for the sole purpose of 
lat^guing them into compliance with his measures 

He has dissolved representative houses repeatedly 
fiu- opposing, ^vith manly firmness, his invasions on 
the rights of the people. 

He has refused, for a long time after such dissolu- 
tions, to cause others to be elected; whereby the ler-is- 

utive powers, incapableofaunihiIation,havereturSed 
to the people at large for their exercise, the State re- 
maining, ID the meantime, exposed to all the dan<rer 
of invasion from without, and convulsions within 
ihUt ^^l endeavored to prevent the population of 
these States; for that purpose, obstructing the laws 
fo naturalization of foreigners; reftisin| to pass 
others to encourage their migration hitherrand rais- 
ing tlie conditions of new appropriations of lauds 

He lias obstructed the administration of justice by 
powe«^ ' '"'''"' '° ^''"'' *■"■■ est'^Wi^-l'ing judiciary 



TABll.AK KECORDS. 



He has made jiid^fs dependent on his will alone, 
for the tenure of their oltices, and the amount and 
payment ot tlieir salaries. 

He has erected a multitude of new offiees, and sent 
I hither swarms of ollicers to harass our people and eat 
out their substance. 

He has kept among ns, in times of peace, standing 
armies, without ti.ecmsent of our Legislature. 

He hasaft'ected to render the military independent 
of. and superior to, the civil power. 

He has combined, with others, to subject us to a 
jurisdiction foreign to our Constitution, and unac- 
knowledgeil by our laws; giving his assent to their 
acts of pretended legislation. 

For quartering large bodies of armed troops among 
tis: 

For protecting them, by a mock trial, from punish- 
ment, lor any murders w'bi.-h they should commit on 
the inhabitants of these States: 

Tor cutting off our trade with all parts of the 
1 world: 

I'or imposing taxes on as without our consent: 
I'or depriving us, in many cases, of the benefit of 
trial by jury; • , ,■ 

For transporting us beyond .seas to be tried lor 
pretended olfenses: 

For aboli.shing the free system of English laws, in 
a neighboring piovince, establishing therein an arbi- 
trary'government, and eularging^its boundaries, so as 
tore'nder it at once an example and tit instrument 
for introducing the same absolute rule into these 

Colonics: , ,. , . ^ 

l"or taking away our charters, abolishing our most 

valuable lavvs, and altering fundamentally,- the 

powers of oar government: , , , • 

U For suspending our own legislature, and declaring 

'/ themselves invested with power, to legislate for us m 

" all cases whatsoever. 

He has abdicated government here, by declaring us 
out of his protection, and waging war against us. 

He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, 
burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives ot our 

people. . , • <• 

He is at this time, transporting large armies ot 
foreign mercenaries to complete the works of death, 
desokUion, and tyranny, already begun, with circum- 
st;mces of cruelty and perfidy scarcely paralleled in 
the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the 
head of a civilized nation. 

He has constrained our fellow-citizens, taken captive 
on the hifh seas, to bear arms against their country, 
to become the exccntiouers of their friends and 
■ , brethren, or to fall themselves by their hands. 

He has excited domestic insurrections among us, 

' and has endeavored to bring on the inhabitant.s of our 

frontiers, the merciless Indian savages, whose known 

rule of warfare is an undistinguished destruction ol 

all a"e.s, sexes, and conditions. 

In everv stage of these oppressions, we have 
petitioned" for redress in the most humble terms: our 
repeated petitions have been answered only by rc- 
ncated injury. A prince, whose character is thus 
marked bv e\ery act which may define a tyrant, is 
unfit to be the ruler of a free people. • 

Xor liave we lieen wanting in attention to our 
British brethren. We Inive w:,rned them, from time 
to time, of attempts made by their Legislature to 
extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We 
have reminded them of the ci.cums ances of our 
emigration and .settlement here, W e have appealed 
to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have 

conjured them, by thp ties of oar common kindr::d, 

to disavow these usurpations, whulnvou id inevitably 

interrupt our connections and correspondence, xhcy, 

J^o, have been deaf to the voice of justice and con- 



sanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiese in the 
necessity which demands our separation, and hold 
them, as we hold the rest of mankind, enemies in 
war, in peace friends. tt -i. j 

We, therefore, the Repre.sentatives of the United 
States of America, in (ieneral Congre-ss iissembled, 
ai)pe;iling to the Snpreme Judge of the world for the 
rectitude of our intentions, do, in tlie name and by 
the authoritv of the good people of these Colonies, 
solemnly publish and declare. That these United 
Colonies are, and, of right, ought to be, free and mde- 
nnifleiit M<ite; that they are absolved from all 
alle.'iance to tlie Lriti.sh crown, .and that all political 
connection between them and the State ot Ureat 
Uritain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved; and 
that as free anil inilependetit Slates, they liave full 
power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances 
eslablish coiiimercc, and to do all other acts and 
things which independent States m.ay of right do. 
\nd, for the support of this Declar,ation, with a firn. 
reliance on the protection of Divine I'rovidence, we 
mutually pledge to each other, our lives, our fortunes, 
and our sacred honor, John Hancock. 

NEW nAMRSniEE, 

Josiah Bartlett, William Whipple, 



Matthew Thornton, 

MASSACHUSETTS B.VY, 

Samuel Adams, Robert Treat Paine, 

John Adams, Elbridge Gerry. 

RHODE ISLAXD. 

Stephen Hopkins, William Ellery. 

CONNECTICUT. 
Roger Sherman, William Williams, 

Samuel Huntington, Oliver Wolcott. 

NEW YOEK, 

William Floyd, Francis Lewis, 

PhUip Livingston, Lewis Morris, 

NEW JEE-SEY, 
Richard Stockton, Francis Hopkinson, 

John Wither.spoon, John Hart, 

Abraham Clark. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 
Robert Harris. George Clymer, 

Benjamin Rush, James Smith, 

Eenjamin Franklin, George 'I'aylor, 

John Jlorton, James Wilson, 

George Ross. 

DELAWARE. 

Caisar Rodney, (Jeorge Read, 

Thomas JlcICeau. 

MARYLAND, 

Samuel Chase, [ton, William Paca, 

Charles Carroll, of Carroll- Thomas Stone, 

VIRGINIA, 
George W^ythe, Benjamin Harrison, 

Richard Henry Lee, Thomas Nelson, Jr., 

Thomas Jefl'erson, Francis Liglitfoot Lee, 

Carter Braxton. 

NORTH CAROLINA, 

William Hooper, Joseph Hewes, 

John Penn, 
SOUTH CAKOLIN A, 

Edward Rntledgc, Thomas Lyneli, Jr,, 

Thomas Ileywood, Jr,, Arthur Middlelon. 
GEORGIA. 

Button Gwinnet, Lyman Hall, 

George Walton, 



TABULAE RECORDS. 



licsohrd. That copies of the Declaration be sent 
to the several Assemblies, Conventions, and Commit- 
tees, or Councils of Safety, and to the several Com- 



manding oiEcers of the Continental Troops; that it be 
proclaimed in each of the United States, and at the 
head of the Army. 



SIGNERS OF THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. 

IN CONGEESS ASSEMBLED, JULY 4, 1776. 

The follo-svins List of Members of the Continental Congress, who signed the Declaration of Independ- 
ence (although the names are included in the general list of that Congress, from 1774 to 1788), is given 
.separately lor the purpose of showing the places and dates of their birth and the time of their respective 
deaths, for convenient reference. For Ihrther information respecting these men, see " Biographical 
Anuals." 



Names of the Signers. 



Adams, John 

Adams, Samuel 

Bartlett, Josia li 

Braxton, Carter 

Carroll, Charles, of CarroUton 

Chase, Samuel 

Clark, Abraham 

Clymer, George 

El'lerv, Williar.i 

Floyd, AVilliam 

Franklin, Benjamin 

If Gerry, Eli^ridge 

Gwinnett, Button 

Hall, Lyman 

Hancock, John 

Harrison, Benjamin 

Hart, John 

Heyward, Thomas, Jr 

He wes, Joseph 

Hooper, William 

Topkins, Stephen 

iipkinson, Francis 

ijuntington, Samuel 

Jelferson , Thomas 

Lee, Francis Lightfoot 

Lee, Richard Henry 

Lewis, Francis 

Livingston, Philip 

Lynch, Thomas, .Ir 

MeKean, Thomas 

Middleton. Arthur 

Morris, Lewis 

Morris, Robert 

Morton, John 

Nelson, Thoma.s, Jr 

I'aca, William 

Paine, Robert Treat 

Penn, John 

Read, George 

Rodney, Ciesar 

Koss, George 

Rush, Benjamin, I\LD 

Rutledge, Edward 

Sherman, Roger 

Smith, James 

Stockton, Richard 

Stone, Thomas 

Taylor, George 

Thornton, JIatthevv 

Walton, George 

Whipple, William 

AVilliams, William 

AVilson, James 

Withei-spoou, John 

Wolcott, Oliver 

Wythe, George 



B..)rn at 



Braintree, Mass Oct. 19, 1735 

Boston, Jtass Sept. 27, 1722 

Amesbury, JMass in Nov., 1729 

Newington, Va Sept. 10, 173G 

Annapolis, Md Sept. 20, 1737 

.Somerset Co., Md April 17, 1741 

Elizabcthtown, X. J... ..Feb. 15, 1726 

Philadelphia, Pa in 1739 

Newport, R. 1 Dec. 22, 1727 

.Suffolk Co., N. Y Dec. 17, 1734 

Boston, Mass .Jan. 17, 1706 

Marblehead, JIass July 17, 1744 

England in 1732 

Connecticut in 1731 

Braintree, Mass in 1737 

Berkeley, Va 

Hopewell, N. J about 1715 

St.' Luke's, S. Co in 1746 

Kingston, N. J in 1730 

Boston, Mass June 17, 1742 

Scituate, R. I March 7, 17U7 

Philadelphia, Pa in 1737 

Windham, Conn July 3, 1732 

Shadwell, Va April 13, 1743 

Stratlbrd, Va Oct. 14, 1734 

Stratford, Va Jan. 20, 1732 

Landaff, Wales in Mar., 1713 

Albany, N. Y Jan. 15, 171C 

St. George, S. C Aug. 5, 1749 

Chester Co., Pa Marchl9,1734 

Middleton Place, S. C.in 1743 

Morrisauia, N. Y in 172C 

Lancashire, Eug Jan., 1733-'4 

Ridley, Pa in 1724 

York, Va Dec. 26, 1738 

Wye Hill, Md Oct. 31, 1740 

Boston, Mass in 1731 

Caroline Co., Va May 17, 1741 

Cecil Co., Md in 1734 

Dover, Del in 1730 

Xew Castle, Del in 1730 

Byberry, Pa Dec. 24, 1745 

Charleston, S. C in Nov., 1749 

Newton, Mass April 19, 1721 

Ireland 

Princeton, N. J Oct. 1, 1730 

Charles Co., Md in 1742 

Ireland in 1716 

Ireland in 1714 

Frederick Co., Va in 1740 

Kittery, Me in 1730 

Lebanon, Conn April 8, 1731 

Scotland about 1742 

Yester, Scotland Feb. 5, 1722 

Windsor, Conn Nov. 20, 172i 

Elizabeth City Co., Va..in 1726 



Delegated from. 



Massachusetts 

Massachusett.s 

New Hampshire 

Virginia 

Maryland 

Maryland 

New Jersey 

Pennsylvania 

R. I. and Prov. PI... 

New York 

Pennsylvania 

Massach usetts 

Georgia 

Georgia 

Massacnusetts 

Virginia 

New Jersey 

South Carolina 

North Carolina 

North Carolina 

R. I. and Prov. PI.. 

New Jersey 

Connecticut 

Virginia 

Virginia 

Virginia 

New York 

New York 

South Carolina 

Delaware 

■South Carolina 

New Y'ork 

Pennsylvania 

Pennsylvania 

Virginia 

Maryland 

Massachusetts 

North Carolina 

Delaware 

Delaware 

Pennsyl v.ania 

Pennsylvania 

South Carolina 

Connecticut 

Pennsylvania 

New Jersey 

Maryland 

Pennsylvania 

New Hampshire 

Georgia 

New .Hampshire 

Connecticut 

Pennsylvania 

New .Jersey 

Connecticut 

Virginia 



Died. 



July 

Oct. 

May 

Oct. 

Nov. 

June 

Sept., 

Jan. 

Feb. 

Aug. 

April 

Nov. 

May 

Feb., 

Oct. 

.\pril, 

March, 

Nov. 

Oct., 

July 

May 

Jan. 

July 

April, 

June 

Dec. 

June 

Lost at 

lune 

Jan. 

Jan. 

May 

April, 

Jan. 

May 

Oct. 



July, 

April 

Jan. 

July 

July 

Feb. 

Oct. 

Feb. 

June 

Feb. 

Nov. 

Aug. 

Xug. 

Nov. 

Dec. 

June 



4, 
2 

19, 
10, 
14, 
19, 

23, 
15, 
4. 
l'?, 
23, 
27, 



10, 

13, 

9, 
5. 

4, 

19, 
30, 
12, 
sea, 
24, 

1, 

22, 

8, 



11, 

26. 



19, 
23, 
23, 
11. 

28, 

5, 
23, 
24, 

2, 
28, 

.2, 
28, 
15, 

1, 



1826 

1808, 

1795 

1797 

1832 • 

1811 

1794 

1813 

1820 

1821 

1790 

1814 

1777 

1790 

1793 

1791 

17f .' 

180S/' 

1779 

1790 

1785 

1790 

1796 

1826 

1797 

1794 

1803 

1778 

l'~9 

1817 

1787 

1798 

1806 

I77r 
i"Si> , 

1799 

1804 

1809 

1798 

1783" 

1779 

1813 

1800 

1793 

1806 

1781 

1787 

1781 

180. '^ 

1R05 

17i^5 . 

mi ,. 

17;;S ■ 
17«4 

r 7 

1 6 



\^ 



T A i; U L A i; K E C R D S . 



DELEGATES TO THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS. 

For furlhcr information respecting tliese men, sec Bkiijrtiphical Anuals. 

From 1774 to 1788. 



NEW SASIPSHIRE. 

Bartlett, Josiah 1775-'7!) 

Blanchard, Jonathan 178:i-"84 

Folsoui, Nathaniel 1771-'75 

" " 1777-'78 

" " 1779-'80 

Foster, Abiel 1783-^85 

Frost. George 1777-'79 

Oilman, John Taylor 17S'.'-83 

Gilmau, Nicholas 178(i-"88 

Langdon, John 177.")-'77 

" 178(l-'87 

Langdon, Woodhury 177!)-'80 

Livermore, Samuel 178CI-'83 

" " .* 1785-'8G 

Long, Pierce 1784-'86 

Peahody, Nathaniel 1779-'80 

Sullivan, John 1774-75 

" 1780-'81 

Thornton, Matthew l77(>-'78 

AVentwnrth, John, Jr 1778-'79 

■ftaiipple, William 1776-'79 

White, Phillips IT^a-'S.'J 

Wingate, Paine 1787-'S8 j 

MASSACnr-SETTS. 

Adams, John 1774-"78 

Adams, Samuel 177 1-'82 | 

Cashing, Thomas 1774-76 | 

Dana, Francis 1776-'78 

" " J78l-'84 I 

Dane, Nathan 1785-|88 i 

Gerry, Elbridge 1776-'81 i 

" 1782-;85 

Gorman, Nathaniel 178'2-'83 

" " ]785-"87[ 

Hancock, John 1775-'80 | 

" " 1785-'S6 I 

Higginson, Stephen 1782-'83 i 

Holteu, Samuel 17:8-'80 

" " 1782-'83 

" " 1784-'85 

" " 178(>-'87! 

Jackson, .Jonathan 17S~'-'82 j 

Kin^. Kulus 1784-'67 I 

Lovell, James 177f)-'82 I 

LowU, John 1782-'83 

Osgood, Samuel 1780-'84 

Otis, Samuel A 1787-'88 

Paine, Ivobert Treat 1774-'78 

. Partridge, George 1779-'82 

'' " 1783-'85 

Sedgwick, Theodore 178r>-|88 

Sullivan, .Tames 1782-'82 

Thacher, George 1787-'88 

"Ward, Artemas 1780-'81 

BHODE ISLAND. 

. Arnold, Jonathan 1782-'84 

Arnold, I'eleg 1787-|89 

<'ollins, John 177&-'83 

< ..rnoll, Ezekiel l':8(>-'83 

i;iUry, William 1776-'81 

1783-'85 

Hazard, Jonathan J 1T87-|89 

Hopkins, Stephen 1774-'S() 

Howell, David 



..1782-'85 



Manning, James 178.'i-'86 

Marehaut, Henry 1777-"M) 

" 17H3-'84 

Miller, Nathan 1785-'8(! 

Mowry, Daniel 17S0--82 

Varnum, James JI 1780-82 

•' " 178(;-'87 

W'ard, Samuel 1774-'76 

CONNECTICUT. 

Adams, Andrew 1777-'78 

" " 1781-82 

Cooke, Joseph P 1784-88 

Deane, Silas 1774-'7(> 

Dyer, Eliphalet 1774-'79 

" " 1780-'83 

Edwards, Pierpont 1787-'88 

Ellsworth, Oliver ^PI"!^'. 

Hilllionse, 'William 1783-'8() 

I'oiuier, Titus 177o-'7G 

" ; 1777-'79 

Huntington, Benjamin 1780-'81 

" '■' l-;87-"88 

Huntington, Samuel 1776-'84 

Johnson. William S 1784-'87 

Law, Richard 1777-'78 

" " 1781-'84 

Mitchell, Stephen M l';83-'84 

" " 178o-'8(> 

" " 1787-'88 

Root, Jesse 1778-'83 

Sherman, Roger 1774-'81 

Spencer, Joseph 1777-'79 

Strong, Jedediah l'i82-'84 

Sturges, Jonathan l'85-'87 

Treadwcll, John l';S5-'8(i 

Trumbull, Joseph 1774-'75 

Wadsworth, James 1783-'84 

" " 17s.">-'86 

I Wadsworth. .Jeremiah 1787-'88 

I W'Uliams, William 1776-'78 

I Williams, William 1783-'84 

I Wolcott, Oliver 1775-'78 

" " 1780-'84 

NEW YOKK. 

Alsop, John 1774-'7fi 

Benson, Egbert 1784-'85 

•' 1786-'88 

Boerum, Simon 1774-'77 

Clinton, George 1775-'77 

De Witt, Charles 1783- "8.5 

Duane. James 1774-'84 

Duer, William 1777-'78 

Floyd, William 1774-'77 

" 1778-'83 

Gansevoort, Leonard 1787-'88 

Hamilton, Alexander 1782-'83 

" " 1787-'KS 

Haring, John 1774-'7.'> 

" " 1785-'.-<8 

Jay, John 177l-'77 

" " 177S-'79 

Lansing, John ]784-'88 

Lawrence, John 178i>-"87 

Lewis, Francis 1777-"7!l 

L'Hommedieu, Ezra 1779-'83 



TABULAR KECOKDS. 



L-'Homniedieu, Ezra 1787-88 

Livingston, Philip ^JU'll^ 

Livingston, Robert K ^Ii,^~, ' ' 

Livingston, Walter ^!?^"!25 

Low, Isaac "^I~''~ ', ' 

McDougall, Alexander 1781- 8:. 

"° -^ 1784-'85 

Morris, Gouverneur ^''''"~, „ 

Morris, Lewis ^J"^"."^! 

I'aine, Epliraira 1784-'85 

Piatt, Zephaniah 1784-'8(i 

Schuyler, Philip 1775-'7o 

' ' " 1778-'81 

Scott, John Morin 1780-|8:5 

Smith, Melanothon 178r)-"88 

Wisner, Henry 'I~f~"''' 

Yates, Abraham, Jr 1787-'88 

Yates, Peter \V 1785-'87 

XICW JEUSEY. 

Beatty, John ^Z??"|?'^ 

Boudinot, Elias 1777-'78 

" 17Sl-'84 

Burnett, W lp*^~!^i 

Cad walader. Lanilx-rt 1 784-' 87 

t'lark, Abraham 177(>-"82 

" 1787-'88 

Coudict, Silas ^I?^'!^"*. 

Cooper, John 177G-'7G 

Crane, Steplien 1774-'76 

Dayton, Elias. llei-lincd 1770-'88 

Dayton, Jonathan 1787-'89 

jQle'Hart, John 1774-76 

Dick. Samuel 1783-^84 

Klmer, Jonathan 1770-'78 

" " 1780-84 

" " 17S7-'89 

Eell, John 1778-80 

J'relinghuysen, Frederick 1778-'79 

\ '• " 1782-'8:i 

VHart, John 177«-'77 

Tlenderson, Thomas 177!)-'80 

Hopkinton, Franci.-i 1776-'77 

Hurnblower. .Tosiah 178r>-'8(> 

Houston, William C 1779-'82 

" 1784-8.5 

Kin.sey, James 1774-'75 

Livingston. William - 1774-'7G 

Neilson, John 1778-'79 

Patterson, William 1780-'81 

Scheurman, .1 178(>-'87 

Scudder, N'athaniel l"77-'78 

Sergeant, Jonathan D 1776-'77 

Smith, Richard ]774-'76 

Stevens, John, Sr 1783-'84 

Stewart, Charles 1784-'8.') 

Stockton, Richard 1776-'77 

Symraes, JohnC 1785-'8G 

Witherspoon, John 1776-'82 

PEXX.SYLV.VNIA. 

Allen, Andrew 177.V7G 

Armstrong, John 1778-'.'^0 

" " I7.s7-'8W 

Atlee, Samuel 1778-'8;i 

Bayard, John 1785-'87 

Biddle, Edward 1774-'7() 

" 1778-79 

Bingham, William 1787-'88 

Clavkson, JLitthew 1785-',8G 

Cliugan, William ]777-'79 

Clymei, George 177fi-'78 

" " ]780-'83 

Dickinaon, John 1 774-'7G 

Fi t zsimmons, Thomas 1 7>i'2-'83 

Franklin, Benjamui 177j-'7G 



Galloway, Joseph 1774-'75 

Gardner, Joseph 1784-'85 

Hand, Edward 1784-'85 

Henry, William 1784-'8G 

Humphreys, (,'harles 1774-'7G 

Ingei-soll,*Jared 1780-'81 

Irwine, AVilliam 1786-'88 

Jackson, David 1785-'8G 

Matlack, Timothy 1780-'81 

McClene, James 1778-'80 

Meredith, Samuel 1787-'88 

Mifllin. Thomas 1774-'7G 

" 1782-'84 

Montgomery, Joseph 1780-'84 

Morris, Charles 178.'5-'84 

Morris. Robert 177G-'78 

Morton, John 1774-'77 

Muhlenberg, Frederick A 1778-'80 

Peters, Richard 1782-83 

Pettit, Charles 178.i-'87 

R->ad, J 1787-'88 

Reed, Joseph 1777-'78 

Rhodes, Samuel 1774-'75 

Roberdeau, DanTel 1777-79 

Ross, George 1774-"77 

Rush, Benjamin 177G-'77 

Searle, James 1778-'80 

Sliipnen. William I778-'80 

Smith, Jame.s 177G-'78 

Smith, .lonathan B 1777-'78 

Smith, Thomas 178U-'82 

St. Clair, Arthur 178.'5-'87 

Taylor, George 177G-'77 

Willing, Thomas 1775-'76 

Wilson, James 1775-'78 

■' 1782-83 

" 178.-,--87 

Wynkoop, Henry 1779-83 

DELAWARE. 

Bedford, Gunning 1783-'8,5 

1786-87 

Bedford, Gunning, Jr 17S.5-'86 

Dickinson, John 177G-'77 

" 1779-80 

Dickinson, Philemon 17-*2-'.83 

Evans, John 1776-'77 

Kearney, Dyre. 17S6-'88 

McComb, Elenzcr 1782-'84 

JIcKcan, Thomas 1774-'76 

" " 1778-'83 

Mitchell, Nathaniel , 1786-'88 

Patton. .John 1785-'86 

Peery, William 178o-'.S6 

Read, George 1774-'77 

Rodney, Cicsar 1774-77 

" 1777-78 

" 1783-'84 

Rodney, Thoma.s 1781-'83 

" " 1785-87 

Svkes, James 1777-'78 

Tilton, .Tames 1783-'85 

Van Dyke, Nicholas 1777-'82 

Viniug. John 1784-'86 

^^^larton, Samuel 1782-'83 

MAi!y]-Axn. 

Alexander, Robert 1775-'77 

Carmichael, William 1778-'80 

Carroll, Charles, of Carrollton 1776-'78 

Carroll, Daniel 1780-'S4 

Cha.se, Jeremiah T 1783-'84 

Chase, Samuel 1774-'78 

" " 1784-'85 

Contee, Benjamin 1787-'88 

Forbes, James 1778-'80 

Forrest, Uriah 1786- '87 



TABULAR KECORDS. 



vn 



GoWsborougb, Robert 1774-'75 

HaU, Jobu 1775-'76 

" " 17.S3-'84 

]Ianson, John 17Hl-'83 

Harrison, William 17S5-'87 

Hemslev, William 17H-2-'g4 

Henrv, John 1778-'81 

" 1784-'87 

Hindman, William nS4-'87 

Howard, JqIiu^K 1787-'88 

Jeniler, DiJfW St. Thomas ^!Z?~'?^ 

Johnson, Thom;is 1775-'77 

Lee, Thomas tSim 1783-'84 

Lloyd, Edward l""^"'?! 

Martin, Luther 1784-'85 

McHeurv, James 1783-'8ti 

Paca, William 1774-'7!) 

Plater, George 1778-'81 

Potts, Richard 1781»-'82 

Ramsav, Xatbaniel 1785-'87 

Ridgely, Richard '~!^5~'*' 

Rogers, John 1775-'7ti 

Ross, David 178()-'87 

Rumscy, Benjamin 177()-'7H 

Scott, Gustavus 17S4-'85 

Scney, Joshua 17S7-'8y 

Smith, William 1777-'78 

Stone, Thomas Declined 1775-'79 

1784-'85 

Tilghman, JIaftbew 1774-'77 

Wright, Turbett 1781-'82 

VIRGINIA. 

Adams, Thomas 1778-'8;2 

Banister, John 1778-'79 

Bland, Richard 1774-'7(> 

Bland, Theodoric 17sO-'83 

Braxton, Carter 177(;-'76 

Brown, John 1787-'88 

Carrington, Edward 178.^-' 86 

Fitzhugh, William 177!)-'80 

Fleming, William I77!)-'81 

Grayson , AVill iam 1 784-"87 

Griffin, Cvrus 1778-'81 

" 1787-'88 

Hardy, Samuel 17^3-'8.5 

Harrison, Benjamin 1* /4-'78 

llarvie, John 1778-'79 

Henry, James !7h()-'81 

Henry, Patrick 1774-'7(i 

Jefl'ei-son, Thomas 1 ~7o-^17 

" " 1783-'85 

Jones, Joseph 1777-'78 

" " 17S0-'83 

Lee, Arthur 1781-'84 

Lee, Francis Lightlbot 1775-'80 

Lee, Heurv 1785-'88 

Lee. Richard Henry 1774-'80 

" 1784-'ts7 

JIadison, James, Jr 1780-'83 

" ]78(;-'88 

Meroer, James 1779-'80 

Mercer, John 1' 178L>-'85 

Monroe, Janus 1 783-'86 

Nelson, Thomas 177.'">-'77 

" " 1779-"80 

Page, Mann ,. 1777-'77 

Pendleton, Edmund 1774-'7r) 

Randolph, Edmund ]779-'8-i 

Randolph, I'lyton 1774-'75 

Smith, Mcrew'cthor 1778-'82 

Washington, George 1774-'7.j 

Wythe, George 1775-'77 

XORTII C.VROUXA. 

Ashe, John B.. 1787-'a8 

Blood worth, Timothy 1786-'87 



Blount, William 1782-'83 

" " 1786-'87 

Bnrke, Thomas 1777-'8l 

Burton, Robert 1787-'88 

Caswell, Richard 177!-'76 

Gumming, William 1784-'84 

Harnett, Cornelius 1777— '80 

Hawkins, Benjamin 1781-'84 

" " 178!i-'87 

Hewes, Joseph 1774-'77 

" " 1779-'80 

Hill, Whitmill 1778-'81 

Hooper, William ]774-'77 

Johnston, Samuel 1780-'82 

Jones, Allen 1779-'80 

Jones, Willie 1780-'81 

Nash, Abuer 1782-'84 

" 1785-'86 

Penn, John 1775-'7C 

" " 1777-'80 

Sharpe, William 1779-'82 

Sitgreaves, John 1784-'85 

Spaight, Richard D 1783-'85 

Swan, John 1787-'88 

White, Alexander 178(>-'88 

Williams. John 1778-'79 

Williamson, Hugh 1782-'85 

" " 1787-'88 

SOl'TH CAROLINA. 

Bee, Thomas 1780-'82 

Beresford, Richard 1783-'85 

Bull, John 1784-'87 

Sutler, Pierce 1787-'88 

■TDravton, William Henry 1778-'79 

Eveieigb, Nicholas 1781-'82 

Gad.sden, Christopher 1774— '7G 

Gervai.s, John L 1782-'83 

Heyward, Tlumias, Jr 177G-'78 

Hugcr, Daniel 178G-'88 

Hutson, Richard 1778-'79 

Izard, Ralph 1783-'83 

Kean, John 1785--87 

Kinloch, Francis 1780-'81 

Laurens, Henry 1777-'80 

Lynch, Thomas 1774-'7« 

Lynch. Thomas, .Ir 1776-'77 

Matthews, John 1778-'e2 

Middleton, Arthur 1776-'78 

" n81-'83 

Middleton, Henry 1774-'76 

Motte, Isaac 1780-'82 

Parker, .John 1786-'88 

I'inckney, Charles 1 777- '78 

" 1784-'87 

Ramsay, David 17k2-'84 

" 1785-'.s(i 

Read, Jacob 1783-'s5 

Rutlcdge, Edward 1774-'77 

Rutledge, John 1774-'77 

" " \~H:'.--fS 

Trapier, Paul 1777-'78 

Thicker, Thomas T n87-'88 



(JEORtJIA. 

Baldwin. Abraham HH.'S-'SS 

Brown.son. Natlian 1776-'78 

BuHock, Archibald 1775-'76 

Clav, Joseph I778-'8() 

Few, William 17^0-'H2 

" " 178.5-'88 

Gibbons. William 1784-'8() 

Gwinnett. But tj)U .1 77tJ-'77 

Habersham, John I7.'-5-'86 

Hall, Lyman 177.>-'79 

Houston, John 1 77.5-'77 

Houston, William 1784-'87 



TAB I" LA I! RECORDS. 



Howley, Richard 1780-'81 

Jones, Noble Wimberly 1775-'76 

" 1781-'83 

Langwortliy, Edward 1777-'79 

Pierce, W.y!jU-.iV*f?m 1786-'87 

Tellair. Edward 1777-'79 



Telfair, Edward 1780-'83 

Walton, George 1776-'79 

" I780-'81 

Wood, Joseph 1777-'79 

Zubly, John J 1775-'76 



PRESIDENTS OF THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS. 



FROM 17' 
From. Elected. 

Peyton Randolph Virginia Sept. 5, 1774. 

■ Henry Middleton South Carolina...Oct. 22, 1774. 

.Peyton Randolph A^irginia May 10, 1775. 

Joiin Hancock Massachusetts ...May 24, 1775. 

Henry Laurens South Carolina. .Nov. 1, 1777. 

■John Jay New York Dec. 10, 1778. 

Samuel Hnntington.. .Connecticut Sept. 28, 1771). 

Thomas McKean Delaware July 10, 1781. 



74 TO 1788. 

From. Elected. 

John Hanson Maryland Nov. 5, 1781. 

Elias Boudinot New .Jersey Nov. 4, 1783. 

Thomas Mifflin Pennsylvania Nov. 3, 1783. 

Richard Henry Lee ...Virginia Nov. 30, 1784. 

'Nathaniel Gorham Massachusetts ...June 6, 1786. 

Arthur St. Clair Pennsylvania Feb. 2, 1787. 

jC'yrus Griflfia Virginia Jan. 22, 1788. 



\tr.^ \^ax^crT^Jf^ 



SESSIONS OF THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS. 



The sessions of the Continental Congress were 
coninicncc-d as Ibllows: 

September 5, 1774, also May 10, 1775, at Philadel- 
phiii ; December 20, 1776, at Baliimnre; March 4, 1777, 
'at Philadelphia; September 27, 1777, at Lancaster, 
I'ennsylvania; September 30, 1777, at Vork, Pennsyl- 
v.ania; July 2^ 1778, at Phikirklpkia: June 30, 1783, 
at Princeton, New Jersey; November 26, 1783, at 



Aniiapulis, Maryland; November 1, 1784, at Trenton, 
New .Jersey; January 11, 1785, at New i'ork, which, 
from that time, continued to be the place of meeting 
until the adoption of the Constitution of the United 
States. From 1781 to 1788 Congress met annually oa 
the first Monday in November, pursuant to the Arti- 
cles of Confederation. 



ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION. 

TO ."M.L TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, WE, THE UNDEHSIGNED, DELEGATES OF THE STATES 

AFFIXED TO OUE NAMES, SEND GREETING: 



Whereas, The Delegates of the United States of 
America in Congress assembled did, on the filteenth 
day of November, in the year of our Lord one thou- 
Baiid seven hundred and seveuty-seven, and in the 
.second year of the independence of America, agree to 
certain articles of confederation and perpetu.al Union 
bet ween the States of New Hampshire, Massachusetts 
Bay, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Cou- 
uecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Dei.i- 
■ware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South 
Carolina, and Georgia, in the words following, viz.; 

Articles of Confederation and perpetual Union between 
the States of New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, 
lihode Island and Providence Plantations, Connecti- 
cut, Neiv York, New Jersey, Pennsi/trania, Delaware, 
3Iaryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, 
and Georgia. 

Article 1. The style of this confederacy shall bei 
" The United States of America." 

Art. 2. Each State retains its sovereignty, free- 
dom, and independence, and every power, jurisdic- 
tion and right which is not by this confederation ex- 
pressly delegated to the United Stales in Congress 
assembled. 

Art. 3. The said States liereby sever.ally enter into 
a firm league o( friendship with each other for their 
common defense, the security of their liberties, and 
their mutu.-d and general welfare, binding themselves 
to assist each other against all force offered to, or aU 
tacks made upon them, or any of them, on account 
of religion, sovereignty, trade, or any other pretence 
whatever. 



Art. 4. The better to secure and perpetuate mu- 
tual friendship and intercourse among the people of 
the difierent States in this Union, the free inhabit- 
ants of each of these States, paupers, vagabonds and 
fugitives from justice e.xcepted, shall be entitled to 
all privileges and immunities of free citizens in the 
several States; and the p(;ople of each State shall 
have fl'ee ingress and regress to and from any other 
State, and shall enjoy therein .all the privileges of 
trade and commerce, subject to the same duties, im- 
positions, and restrictions as the inhabitants thereof 
respectively; provided that such restrictions shall 
not extend so far as to prevent the removal of prop- 
erty imported into any State to any other State, of 
which the owner is an inhabitant; provided also, 
that no imposition, duties, or restriction, shall be 
laid by any State on the property of the United 
States or either of them. 

If any person guilty of or charged with treason, 
felony, or otV.er high misdemeanor, in .any State, shall 
flee from justice, and be found in any of the United 
States, he shall, upou demand of the Governor or Ex- 
ecutive power of the State froDi which he fled, be 
delivered up and removed to the State having juris- 
diction of his ott'ense. 

Full faith and credit sh.aU be given in each of these 
States to the records, acts, and judicial proceedings 
of the courts and magistrates of every other State. 

Art. 5. For the more convenient management of 
the general interests of the United States, Delegates 
shall be annually appointed in such manner as the 
Legislature of each State shall direct, to meet in 
Congress on the first Monday in November in everj 



TABULAR RECOK'DS. 



year, with a power reserved to each State to re.aU its 
delegates, or any of them, at any time within the 
year, and to send others in their stead for the re- 
mainder of the year. 

Xo State sliall he represented in Congress by less 
than two, nor by more tlian seven members; and no 
person sliall be ciipable of being a Delegate for more 
than three yeare in any term of si.x years; nor shall 
any person, being a Delegate, be capable of holding 
any ofliee under tlie United .States; tor which he, or 
another for his benefit, receives any salary, fees, or 
emolutions of any kind. 

Each State shall Maintain its own delegates in a 
meeting of tlie States, and while they act as mem- 
bers of the committee of the States. 

In determining questions in the United States in 
Congress assembled, each State shall have one vote. 

Freedom of speech and debate in Congress shall 
not be impeached or i]uestioned in any court or place 
out of Congress; and the members of Congress shall 
be protected in their persons from arrest and im- 
prisonments during ^the time of their going to and 
from and attendance on Congress, except for treason, 
felony, or breach of the peace. 

Akt. 6. No State, without the consent of the 
United States in Congress assembled, sliall send any 
embassy to, or receive any embassy from, or enter 
into any conference, agreement, alliance, or treaty, 
with any king, prince, or state; nor shall any person 
holding any office of profit or trust under the Unite<l 
States, or any of them, accept of any present, emolu- 
ment, office, or title of any kind whatever, from any 
king, prince, or foreign state; nor shall the United 
States in Congress assembled, or any of them, grant 
any title of nobility. 

Ko two or more States shall enter into any treaty, 
confederation, or alliance whatever, between them, 
without the consent of the United States in Congress 
assembled, specifying accurately the purposes for 
which the same is to be entered into, and how long it 
shall continue. 

No State shall lay any imposts or duties which may 
interfere with any stipulations in treaties entered into 
by the United States in Congress a.ssembled, with any 
king, prince, or state, in pursuance of any treaties 
already proposed by Congress to the courts of France 
and Spain. 

No vessel of war shall be kept up in time of peace 
by any Sjtate, except such number only as shall be 
deemed necessary by the United States in Congress 
assembled for the defense of such State or its trade: 
nor shall any body of forces be kept up by any State 
in time of peace except such number only, as in the 
judgment of the United States in Congress assembled, 
shall be deemed requisite to garrison the forts neces- 
sary for the defense of such State; but every State 
shall always keep up.i well-regulated and disciplined 
militia, .suliiciently armed and accoutred, and shall 
provide and have i-onstantly ready for use, in public 
stores, a due number of li('ld-pieces and tents, and a 
proper quantity of arms, ammunition, and camp 
equipage. 

No State shall engage in any war without the con- 
sent of the United States in Congress assembled, un- 
less such State be actiially invaded by enemies, or 
shall have received certain advice of a resolution 
being formed bv some nation of Indians to invade such 
State, and the danger is .so imminent as not to admit 
of a delay till the Unite<l States in Congress assembled 
can be consulted; nor shall any State grant commis- 
sions to any ships or vessels of war nor letters of 
marque or reprisal, except it be after a declaration of 
war by the United States in Congress a.ssembled, and 
then only against the kingdom or State, and the sub- 
jects thereof, against which war luvs been so declared, 



and under such regulations as shall be established by 
the United States in Congress assembled, unless such 
State be infesled by pirates, in which case vessels of 
war may be lifted out for that occa.sion, and kept so 
long as the danger .shall continue, or until the United 
States in Congress assembled shall determine other- 
wise. 

Art. 7. When laud forces are raised by any State 
for the common defense, all officers of or under the 
rank of colonel, shall be appointed by the legislature 
of each State respectively, b3' whom such forces shall 
be raised, or in such manner as such State shall direct, 
and all vacancies shall be tilled up by the State whi<:li 
first made the appointments. 

Art. 8. All charges of war, and all other expenses 
that sh.all be incurred for the common defense or 
general warfare, and allowed by the United States in 
Congress assembled, shall be defrayed out of a com- 
mon treasury, which shall be supplied by the several 
States in proportion to the value of all land within 
each State granted to or surveyed for any person, as 
such land and the buildings and improvements thereon 
shall be estimated according to such mode as the 
United States in Congre.ss assembled shall from time 
to time direct and appoint. 

The taxes for paying thai proportion shall be laid 
and levied by the authority and direction of the legis- 
latures of the several States, within the time agreed 
upon by the United States in Congress assembled. 

Art. 9. The United States in Congress assembled 
shall have the sole and exclusive right and power of 
determining on peace and war, except in the cases 
mentioned in the sixth article — of sending and re- 
ceiving embassadors — entering into treaties and alli- 
ances; provided, that no treaty of commerce shall be 
made wliereby the legislative power of the respective 
States shall be restrained from imposingsuch imposts 
and duties on foreigners as their own people are sub- 
jected to or from prohibiting the exportation or 
importation of any species of goods or commodities 
whatsoever — of establishing rules for deciding in all 
cases what captures on land or water shall be legal, 
and in what manner prizes taken by land or naval 
forces in the service of the United States shall be 
divided or appropriated — of granting letl ers of marque 
and reprisal in times of peace — appointing courts lor 
the trial of piracies and felonies committ(Hl on the 
high seas, and establishing courts for receiving and 
determining finally appeals in all cases of captures; 
provided, that no Member of Congress shall be ap- 
pointed a judge of any of the said Courts. 

The United States in Congress assembled shall also 
be the last resort on appeal in all disi)Utes anddifi'er- 
ences now subsisting or that hereatter may arise be- 
tween two or more States coLceruing boundary, juris- 
diction, or any other cause whatever; which atitlior- 
ity shall always be exercised in the maanerfollowing: 
whenever the legislative or executive authority or 
lawful ageutofany State in controversey with another 
shall present a petition to Congress, stating the mat- 
ter in tjuestion, and praying for a hearing, notice 
thereof shall be given by order of Congre.ss to the 
legislative and executive authority of the other State 
in (-ontroversy, and a day assigned tor the appearance 
of the parties, by their lawful agents, who shall then 
be directed to appoint bj^ joint consent commissiimere 
or judges to constitute a court lor hearing and deter- 
mining the matter in question; but if they cannot 
agree, Congress shall name three persons out of each 
ot the United States, and from the list of such persons 
each party shall alternately strike out one, the peti- 
tioners beginning, until the number shall be reduced 
to thirteen; and from that number not less than 
seven nor more th.in nine names, as Congress shall 
direct, shall, in the presence of Congress, l.e drawn 



TAiiLLAl: ];i:CUKDS. 



out by lot; and the persons whose names shall be so 
drawn, or any five of tliem, shall be commissioners or 
jndses, to hear and finally determine the controversy, 
60 always as a major part of the judges, who shall 
hear the cause, shall agree in the determination; 
and if either party shall neglect to attend at the day 
appointed, witliout showing reasons which Congress 
shall judge sulVicicnt, or being present shall refuse to 
strike, tlie Cniignss sliall proceed to nominate three 
persons out of each State, and the Secretary of Con- 
gress shali stril;e in behalf of such party absent or 
refusing; and tlie judgment and sentence of the 
court, to be a]>i)ointed in the manner before pre- 
Bcribed, shall be final and conclusive; and if any of 
ti\e parties sliall refuse to submit to the authority of 
such court, or to appear, or defend their claim or 
cause, tlie court shall, nevertheless, proceed to pro- 
nounce sentence or judgment, which .shall, in like 
manner, be final and decisive, the judgment or sen- 
tence and other proceedings being in either case 
transmitted to Congress, and lodged among tlie Acts 
of Congress for the security of the parties concerned ; 
provided, that every commissioner, before he sits in 
judgment, shall take an oath, to be administered by 
one of tlie judges of the Supreme or Superior Court 
of the State, where the cause shall be tried, ".well 
and truly to hear and determine the matter in ques- 
tion, according to the best of his judgment, without 
favor, affection, or hope of reward"; provided, also, 
that no State shall be deprived of territory lor the 
benefit of the United States. 

All controversies concerning the private right of 
soil, claimed under different grants of two or more 
States, whose jurisdiction as they may respect such 
lands and the States which passed such grants are 
adjusted, the said grants or either of them being at 
the same time claimed to have originated antecedent 
to such settlement of jurisdiction, shall, on the peti- 
tion of either party to the Congress of the United 
States, be finally determined, as near a,s may be, in 
the same manner as is before prescribed for deciding 
disputes respecting territorial jurisdiction between 
diflVrent States. 

The United States in Congress assembled shall also 
have the sole and exclusive right and power of reo-u- 
latiug the alloy and value of coin struck by tlieir 
own authority, or by that of the respective States — 
fixing the standard of weights and measures through- 
out the United State.s — regulating the trade alid 
managing all affairs with the Indians not members 
of any of the States; provided that the legislative 
right of any State within its own limits be not in- 
fringed or violated— establishingand regulating ijost- 
offices from one State to another throughout all the 
United States, and exacting such postage on the 
papers passing through the same, as mav be requisite 
to <lefray the expenses of the said office— appointin" 
all oflicers of the land forces in the service of the 
United States excepting regimental olBcers— appoint- 
ing all the oflicers of the naval forces, and commis- 
suming all ollicers whatever in the service of the 
United States— making rules for the government and 
r(!gulation of the said land and naval forces and 
directing their operations. ' 

The United States in Congress assembled shall 
have authority to appoint a Committee to sit in the 
rece.ss of Congress, to be denominated "a Committee 
of the States," and to consist of one delegate from 
each State; and to appoint such other Coiumittees 
and civil officers as may be necessary for managin<'- 
the general affairs of the United States, under tlieir 
dire<tion — to appoint one of their number to preside 
provi<led that no pereon be allowed to serve in the 
olHce of president more than one year in any term of 
three yeara— to ascertain the necessary "sums of 



money to be raised for the service of the United 
States, and to appropriate and ai)ply the same for 
defraying the public expenses — to borrow money or 
emit bills on the credit of the United States, trans- 
mitting every half year to the respective States an 
account of the sums of money so borrowed or emitted 
— to build and equip a navy — to agree upon the num- 
ber of land forces, and to make requisitions from each 
State for its quota, in proportion to the number of 
white inhabitants in such State; which requisition 
shall be binding, and thereupon tlie Legislature of 
each State shall appoint the regimental officers, raise 
the men, and clothe, arm, and equip them, in a sol- 
dier-like manner, at the expense of the United States- 
and the olficers and men so clothed, armed, ana 
equipped, shall march to the place appointed, and 
within the time agreed on by the United States in 
Congress assembled; but if the United States in 
Congress assembled, shall, on consideration of cir- 
cumstances, judge proper that any State should not 
raise men, or should raise a smaller number than its 
quota, and that any other State should raise a greater 
number of men than the quota thereof, such extra 
number shall be raised, officered, clothed, armed, and 
equipped, in the same manner as the quota of such 
State, unless the Legislature of such State shall 
judge that such extra number cannot safely be spared 
out of the same; in which case they shall raise, 
officer, clothe, arm, and equip as many of such extra 
i number as they judge can be safely .spared. And the 
officers and men so clothed, armed, and equipped, 
shall march to the place appointed, and within the 
time agreed on by the United States in Congress 
assembled. 

The United States in Congress assembled shall 
never engage in a war, nor grant letters of marque 
and reprisal in time of peace, nor enter into any 
treaties or alliances, nor coin money, nor regulate the 
value thereof, nor ascertain the sums and expenses 
necessary for the defense and welfare of the I'nited 
States or any of them, uor emit bills, nor borrow 
money on the credit of the United States, nor appro- 
priate money, nor agree upon the number of vessels- 
of-war to be built or purchased, or the number of 
land or sea forces to be raised, nor ajipoiiit a com- 
mander-in-chief of the army and navy, unless nine 
States assent to the same; nor shall a question on any 
other point, except for adjourning from day to day, 
be determined, unless by the votes of a majority of 
the United States in Congress assembled. 

The Congress of the United States shall have power 
to adjourn to any time within the year, and to any 
place within the United States, so that no period of 
adjournment he for a longer duration than the space 
of six months; and shall publish the journal of their 
proceedings monthl.v, except such parts thereof re- 
lating to treaties, alliances, or military operations, as 
in their judgment requires secrecy ; and the yeas and 
nays of the Delegates of each State on any question 
shall be entered on the journal, when it is desired by 
any Delegate; and the Delegates of a State, or any of 
them, at his or their request, shall be furnished with 
a transcript of the said journal, except such parts as 
are above excepted, to lay before the Legislatures of 
the several States. 

Akt. 10. The Committee of the States, or any nine 
of them, shall be authorized to execute, in the re- 
cess of Congress, such of the powers of Congress as 
the United States in Congress assembled, by the con- 
sent of nine States, shall from time to time think ex- 
pedient to vest them with; provided that no power 
be delegated to the said Committee, for the exercise 
of which, by the Articles of Confederation, the voice 
of nine States in the Congress of the United States 
assembled is requisite. 



TABU r. A i; R K C O li 1 ) s , 



v&osiah Barllett, 

' MASSACHUSETTS HAY. 

/Tohn Hancock, /Francis Dana, 

^'Samuel Adams, ^ James Lovell, 

/Elbridge Gerry, /Samuel Holt^n. 



/William Kllery. 



Akt. 11. Canada, acceding to this tonlcderation. 
and joining in the measures of the United States, 
sliiiirbe admitted into, and entitled to, all the advan- 
tages ortliis Union; Ijut no other colony sliall be ad- 
mitted in tlie same unless such admission be agreed 
to by nine States. 

Art. li. All bills of credit emitted, money bor- 
rowed, and debts contracted, by or under the au- 
thority of Congress, before the assembling ot tlie 
United States, in pursuance of the present conledera- 
tioii, shall be deemed and considered as a charge 
against the United States, lor piiyment and satisUic- 
tion whereof the said United States and the public 
laith are hereby solemnly pledged. 

Art. 13. Every State shall abide by the decision ol 
the United States in Congress assembled, on all 
questions whi<h, bv this confederation, are .submit- 
ted to them. And the articles of this conlederatioii 
shall be inviolably oliserved by every State, and the 
Union .shall be perpetual; nor shall any alteration at 
any time hereafter be made in any of them, unless 
such alteration be agreed to in a Congress ot the 
I'nit(:d States, and be afterwards confirmed by the 
Legislature of every State. 

And wherea.s it has pleased the great Governor ol 
the world to incline theheartsof the Legislatures we 
respectively represent in Congress, to approve ot and 
to authorize us to ratify the said Articles of Conted- 
eration and perpetual Union; k- imw i/i ihal "e, f'e |,Thomas McKean, 
undersigned Delegates, by virtue of the power and f .; Ki 

authority to us given for that purpose, do, by these 
presents! in the name and in behalf of our respective 
cmstituents, fully and entirely ratify and confirm 
e ich and eyerv of the said Articles of Conlederatioii 
and perpetual Union, and all and singular the mat- 
ters and things therein contained; and we do further 
solemnly pledge and engage the faith of our respect- 
ive constituents, that they shall abide by the deter- 
minations of tb.c U nited States in Congress a.ssembled, 
on all questions which, by the said confederation, are 
submitted to them; and that the Articles thereol 
shall be inviolably observed by the States we respect- 
ively represent; and that the Union be perpetual. 

In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our 
hands, in Congress. Done at Philadelphia, in the 

State of Pennsylvania, the ninth day of .Inly, in the oirnnrTv 

year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ,.,,,„„ Tpdwird Telfair 

Lventy-eight, and in the third year of the independ- ^George ^Valton,^^^^^^^ J^antw^'lj ' 

ence ot America. i 



NEW HAMPSHIRK. 

v/John Wentworlli, 



RHODE ISLAND. 

Henry Marchant, 
•^.lohn Collins. 

CONNECTICUT. 
JRoger Sherman, -^Oliver "Wolcott, 

vSamuel Huntington, VTitus Hosmer, 
v Andrew Adams. 

NEW YORK, 
^.lames Dnane, vWilliam Duer, 

JFrancis Lewis, ,/Go^verneur Morris. JJ^, 

NEW JERSEY. 
/John Withcrspoon, ■< Nath. Scudder. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

^Robert Morris, . Jonathan Bayard Smith, 

./Daniel Roberdeau, v William Clingan, 

i/Joseph Keed. 

DELAWARE. 

, V.Tohn Dickinson, 

,/ Nicholas Van Dyke. 



John Hanson, 

^Richard Henry 
/John Banister, 



<John Penn, 



Lee, 



MARYLAND. 

J Daniel Carroll. 

VIRGINIA. 

■/Thomas Adams, 
(.lohn Harvie, 



,/Franeis Lightfoot Lee. 

north CAROLINA. 

^Cornelius Harnett, 
VJohn Williams. 



SOUTH CAROLINA. 
^Henry Laurens, /John Matthews, 

^William Henry Drayton, 'Richard Hutson, 
/Thomas Heyward, Jr. 



CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 



[carefully COMPARED WITH THE ORKilNAL.] 

We, the people of. the United States, in order to form 
a' more perfect Union, establish justice, insure 
domestic tran()uility, jirovide for the common de- 
fence, promote the general wellare, and secure the 
blcssinn-s of liberty to our.selves and our posterity, 
do ordain and establish this CONSTITUTION for the 
United States of America. 

ARTICLE I. 
Section 1. All legislative powers lierein granted 
shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, 
•which shall consist of a Senate and House of Repre- 
sentatives. , „ , 

Sec 2. The House of Representatives shall be com- 
posed of members chosen every second year by the 
people of the several States, and the electors in each 
State shall have the qualilications requisite lor elect- 
ors of the most numerous branch of the State Legis- 
lature. 



No person shall be a Representative who shall not 
have attained to the age of twenty-live years, and 
been seven years a citizen of the United States, and 
who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that 
State in which he shall be chosen. 

Representatives and direct ta.xes shall be ap- 
portioned among the several States wliieh may be in- 
cluded within this I'nion, according to their respect- 
ive numbers, which shall be determined by adding 
to the whole number of free persons, including those 
bound to .service lor a term of years, and excluding 
Indians not taxed, three-tilths of all other persons. 
The actual enumeration shall be made within three 
years after the tirst meeting of the Congress of the_ 
United States, and within every subsequent terra of 
ten years, in sucli a manner as they shall by law 
direct. The number of Representatives shall not ex- 
ceed one for every thirty thousand, but each State 
shall have at least one Representative; and until such 
enumeration shall be made the State of New Hamp- 



xn 



TAl'.rLAR RECORDS. 



sliire shall be entitled to choose three, Massachused- 
eight. Khode Island and Providence Plantations one, 
Connecticut five, New York six, New .Tcrsey four, 
Pennsylvania eight, Dehnvare one, Maryland six, 
Virginia ten. North Carolina five, South Carolina five, 
and Georgia three. 

"Wlien vacancies happen in the representation from 
any State the executive autliority thereof shall issue 
■writs of election to fill such vacancies. 

The House of Representatives shall choose their 
Speaker and other olficers; and shall have the sole 
power of Impeachment. 

Sec. 3. The Senate of the United States shall be 
composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by 
the Legislature thereof for six years; and each Sen- 
ator sluiU have one vote. 

Immediately- after they shall be assembled in con- 
sequence of the first election, they shall be divided as 
equally as may be into three classes. The seats of 
the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the 
expiration of the second year, of the second class at 
the expiration of the fourth year, and of the third 
class at the expiration of the sixth year, so tliat one- 
third may be chosen every second year; an<l if vacan- 
cies happen by resignation or otherwise, during the 
recess ol'the Legislature of any State, the Executive 
tliereof may make temporary ai^pointments until the 
next meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill 
such vacancies. 

No person shall be a Senator who shall not have 
attained to the age of thirty years, and been nine 
years acitizen of the United States, and who shall 
not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that State for 
which he shall be chosen. 

The Vice-President of the United States shall be 
President of the Senate, but shall haveno vote, unless 
they be equally divided. 

The Senate shall choose their other officers, and 
also a President pro Umporc in the absence of the 
Vice-President, or when he shall exercise tlie office of 
President of the United States. 

The Senate shall have the sole power to try all im- 
peachments. Wlieu sitting for that purpose they 
shall be on oath or affirmation. Wlien the President 
of the United States is tried the Chief Justice shall 
preside; and no person shall beconvieted without the 
t:oncurrence of two thirds of the members'present. 

Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend 
further than to removal from office, and disqualifica- 
tion to hold and enjoy an.y office of honor, trust or 
profit under the United States; but the party con- 
victed shall nevertheless be liable and subject to in- 
dictment, trial, judgment, and punishment, accord- 
ing to law. 

Sec. 4. The times, places, and manner of holding 
elections for Senators and Representatives shall be 
prescribed in each State l)y tlie Legislature thereof; 
but the Congress may at any time by law make or 
alter such regulations, except as to the places of 
choosing Senators. 

The Congress shall assemble at least once in every 
year, and such meeting shall be on tlie first Monday 
of December, unless they shall by law appoint a 
difterent day. 

Sec. 5. Each House shall be the Judge of the 
elections, returns, and qualiticatioi.s of its own mem- 
bers, and a majority of each shall constitute a quorum 
to do business; but a smaller number nuiy adjourn 
from day to day, and may be authorized to compel 
the attendance of absent members in such manner 
and under such penalties as each House may provide. 
Each House may determine the rules of its proceed- 
ings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, 
and, with the concurrence of two-thirds expel a 
member. 



Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings' 
and from time to time publish the same, excepting 
such parts as may in their judgment require secrecy; 
and the yeas and nays of the members of either House 
on any "question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of 
those present, be entered on the journal. 

Neither House during the session of Congress, shall 
without the consent of the other, adjourn for more 
than three days, nor to any other place than that in 
which the two Houses shall be sitting. 

Sec. 6. The Senators and Representatives shall 
receive a compensation for their services, to be ascer- 
tained by law, and paid out of tlie Treasury of the 
United States. They shall in all cases, except trea.son, 
felony, and breach of tlie peace, be privileged from 
arrest, dniing their attendance at the session of their 
respective Houses, and in going to and returning 
from the same; and for any speech or debate in either 
House they shall not be questioned in any other 
place. 

No Senator or Representative shall, during the time 
for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil 
office under the autliority of tlie United States, which 
shall have been created, or the emolutions whereof 
shall have been increased during such time; and no 
person holding any ofii'X' under the United States 
sliall be a member of either House during his con- 
tinuance in office. 

Sec. 7. All bills for raising revenue shall origin- 
ate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate 
may propose or concur with amendments as on other 
bills. 

Every bill which shall have passed the House of 
Representatives and the Senate shall, before it be- 
comes a law, be presented to the President of the 
United States; if he approve he shall sign it, but if 
not he shall return it, with his objections, to that 
House in which it shall have originated, who shall 
enter the objection at large on their journal, and 
proceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsidera- 
tion, two-thb'ds of that House shall agree to pass the 
bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to 
t!ie other House, by which it shall likewise be recon- 
sidered, and if approved by two-thirds of that House 
it shall become a law. But in all such cases the 
votes of both Houses shall be determined by yeas and 
nays, and the names of the persons voting for and 
against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each 
House respectively. If any bill shall not be returned 
by the President within ten days (Sundays excepted) 
after it shall have been presented to him, the same 
shall be a law; in like manner as if he had signed it, 
unless the Congress, by their adjournment, prevent 
its return, in which case it shall not be a law. 

Every order, resolution, or vote, to which the con- 
currence of the Senate and House of Representatives 
may be necessary (except on a question of adjourn- 
ment), shall be presented to the President of the 
United States; and before the same shall take effect, 
shall be approved by him, or, being disapproved by 
liim, shall be repassed by two-thirds of the .Senate and 
House of Kepresentative, according to the rules and 
limitations prescribed in the case of a bill. 
Sec. 8. The Congress shall have power 
To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and ex- 
cises, to pay the debts and provide for the common 
defense and general welfare of the United States; 
l)ut all duties, imposts, and excises shall be uniform 
throughout the United States; 
To borrow money on the credit of the United States; 
To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and 
among tlie several States, and with the Indian tribes; 
To establish a uniform rule of naturalization, and 
uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies through- 
out the United States; 



TA r. L I. A K K'KCC)]; Dri. 



To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of 
foreign coin, and lix the standard of weights and 
measures; 

To provide for the punishment of counterfeit- 
in}; the securities and current coin of the United 
Slates; 

To estaljlish post offices and post roads; 

To promote the pro<;ress of science and useful arts, 
by securing for limited tinus to authors and invent- 
ors the exclusi'i'e right to their respective writings 
and discoveries; 

To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme 
Court; 

To define and punish piracies and felonies commits 
ted on the high seas, and oliens(;s agaiustthe law of 
nations; 

To (kelare war, grantlettersof marque; and reprisal, 
and make rules concerning captures on land and 
water; 

To raise and support armies, but no appropriation 
of money to that use shall be for a longer term than 
two years; 

To provide and maintain a navy; 

To make rules for the government and regulation 
of the land and naval forces; 

To provide for calling Ibrtli the militia to execute 
the laws of the Union, supjiress insurrections, and re- 
pel invasions; 

To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining 
the militia, and for governing such jiart of tliem, as 
may be employed in the service of tlic United States, 
reserving to the States respectively the appointment 
of the otiicers, and the authority of trainiilg the 
militia according to the discipline proscribed by Con- 
gress; 

To exercise exclusive legislation, in all cases what- 
soever, ovei- such district (not exceeding ten miles 
square), as may, by cession of particular States, and 
the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the Gov- 
ernment of the United States, and to exercise like au- 
thority over all places purchased by the consent of 
the Legislature of the State in which the same shall 
be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, 
dockyards, and other needful buildings; and 

Tomakeall lawswhich shall be necessary and prop- 
er for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, 
and all other powers vested by this Constitution in 
the Government of the United States, or in any de- 
partment or officer thereof 

Sec. 9. The migration or importation of such per- 
sons as any of the States now existing shall tliink 
proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Con- 
gress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred 
and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed on such 
importation, not exceeding ten dollars lor ea';h person. 

The privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus sbal" 
not be susi)iMKled, unless when in cases of rebellion, 
or invasion tlu; public safety may recjuire it. 

Xo bill of attainder or ex post facto law sball be 
pa.ssed. 

No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, un- 
less in proportion to the census or enumeration here- 
in1)efore directed to be taken. 

No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported 
from any State. 

No preference shall be given by any regulation of 
commerce or revenue to the ports of oue .State over 
those of another; nor shall vessels bound to or from 
one State be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties in 
another. 

No money shall be drawn from the treasury, but in 
consequence of appropriations made by law; and a 
regular statement and account of the receipts and 
expenditures of all public money shall be published 
from time to time. 



No title of nobility shall be granted Ijy the United 
States; and no person holding any oflice of profit or 
trust under them shall, without tlie consent of the 
Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office, 
or title, of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, 
or foreign State. 

Sec. 10. No State sball enter into any treaty, al- 
liance, or confederation; grant letters of marcjue and 
reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit; make any- 
thing but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of 
debts; pass any bill of attainder, cxposl failit law, or 
law impairing the obligations of contracts, or grant 
any title of nobility. 

No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, 
lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports, ex- 
cept what maybe absolutely necessary lor executing 
its inspection laws; and the netproduce of all duties 
and imposts, laid by any State on imports or exports, 
shall be for the use of the Treasury of the United 
States; and all such laws shall be subject to the re- 
vision and control of the Congress. 

No State shall, witliout the consent of Congress, 
lay any duty on tonnage, keep troops or ships-oi-war 
in time of peace, enter into any agreement or com- 
pact with another State, or with a foreign power, or 
engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in such 
imminent danger as will not admit of delay. 

ARTICLE IL 

Section 1. The Executive power sball be vested in 
a President of the United States of America. He 
shall hold his oflice during the term of lour years, 
and, together w'ith the Vice-President, chosen for the 
same term, be elected as follows: 

Each State shall appoint, in such manner as the 
Legislature thereof may direct, a number of Electors, 
equal to the whole number of Senators and liej^re- 
sentatives to which the State may be entitled in the 
Congress; but no Senator or Kepresentative, or per- 
son holding an office of trust or profit under the 
United States, shall be appointed an Elector. 

[*The Electors sball meet in their respective States, 
and vote by ballot tor two persons, of whom one at 
least shall not be an inhabitant of the same State 
with tliemseives. And they shall make a list of all 
the persons voted lor, and of the number of votes for 
each; which list they shall sign and certity, and 
transmit sealed to the Seat of t,he Government of the 
United States, directed to the President of the Sen- 
ate. The President of the Senate sball, in the pres- 
ence of the Senate and House of Representatives, 
open all the certiUcates, and the votes shall then be 
counted. The person having the greatest number of 
votes shall be the President, if such number be a ma- 
jority of the whole number of Electors appointed; 
and if there be more than one who have such major- 
ity, and have an equal number of votes, then the House 
of Representatives shall immediately choose lay bal- 
lot oue of them for President; and if no per.son have 
a majority, then from the five highest on the list the 
said House shall in like manner choose the President. 
But in choosing the President, the votes shall be tak<'n 
by States, the representation from each State having 
one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of 
a member or members from two-thirds of the States, 
and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to 
a choice. In every case, after the choice of the Presi- 
dent, the person having the greatest number of votes 
of the Electors shall be the Vice-I'resideut. But if 
there should remain two or more who have equal 
votes, the Senate shall choose from them by ballot the 
Vice-President.] 

*This clause within brackets has been superseded and an- 
nulled by the 12thiimeudmeuc. 



TABULAR KF.COKDS. 



The Congress may detennin^the time of choosing 
the Electors, and the day on which they sliall give 
their votes; which day shall be the same throughout 
the United States. 

No person except anatural-born citizen, or a citizen 
of the United .States at the time of the adoption of 
thisConstitution, shall beeligible to the office of Presi- 
dent: neither shall any person beeligible tothat office 
who shall not have attained to the age of thirty- 
five years, and been fourteen 3'ears a resident within 
the United States. 

In case of the removal of the President from office, 
or of his death, resignation, or inability to discharge 
the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall 
de\olve on the Vice-President, and the Congress may 
by law provide for the case of removal, death, resig- 
nation, or inability, both of the President and Vice- 
President, declaring what officer shall then act as 
President, and such officer shall act accordingly until 
the disability be removed, or a President shall be 
elected. 

'file President shall, at stated times, receive for his 
services a compensation, which shall neither be in- 
creased nor diminished during the period for which he 
shall have been elected, and he shall not receive 
within that period any other emolument from the 
Unit<-d States, or any of them. 

I'.efore he enter on the execution of his office he 
sliall take the following oath or affirmation : 

"/ do $olcmnli/ swear {or affirm) Hint I will faitlifulhj 
execute the office of President of the United Stafeji, and 
u-ill. to the best of nii/ aliititi/, j)re>irrre, protect, and defend 
ike Constitution of Hie United States." 

Sec. 2. The President shall be Commander-in-Chief 
of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of 
the Militia of the several States, when called into 
the actual service of the United States; he may re- 
<iuire the opinion, in writing, of the principal officer 
in each of tlie Executive Departments, upon any sub- 
ject relating to the duties of their respective offices, 
and he shall liave power to grant reprieves and par- 
dons for oftenses against the United States, except in 
cases of impeachment. 

He shall have power, by and with the advice and 
consent of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two- 
thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall 
nominate, and, by and with the advice and consent 
of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, otlier pub- 
lic Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the Supreme 
Coui't, and all other officers of the United States whose 
apijointments are not herein otherwise provided for, 
and which shall be established hy law, but the Con- 
gress, may by law vest the appointment of such in- 
ferior officers as they think proper, in the President 
alone, in the Cotuts of law, or in the Heads of De- 
partments. 

Tl^e President shall have power to fill up all vacan- 
cies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, 
by granting commissions which shall expire at the 
; ad of their next session. 

Sec. 3. He shall from time to time give to the 
Congress information of the State of the Union, and 
recommend to their consideration such measures as 
he shall judge neces.sary and expedient; he may, on 
extraordinary occasions, convene both Houses, or 
either of them, and, in case of disagreement between . 
them with respect to the time of adjournment, he 
may adjourn thera to such time as he shall think 
jiroper; he shall receive .\inbassadors and other pub- 
lic ilinisters; he shall take care that the laws be 
faithfully executed, and shall commission all the offi- 
cers of the United States. 

Sec. 4. The President, Vice-President, and all 
civil officers of the United States, shall be removed 



from office on impeachment for, and conviction of, 
treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misde- 
meanore. 

ARTICLE III. 

Section 1. The judicial power of the United 
States shall be vested in oue Supreme Court, and in 
such inferior courts as the Congress may from time 
to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of 
the Supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their 
offices during good behavior, and shall, at stated 
times receive for their services a compensation, which 
shall not be diminished during their continuance in 
office. 

Sec. 2. The judicial power shall extend to all cases, 
in law and equity, arising under this Constitutiou, 
the laws of the United States, and treaties made, or 
which shall be made under their authority; to all 
cases aftecting Ambassadors, other public Ministei-s. 
and Consuls; to all ca.ses of admiralty and maritime 
jurisdiction; to controversies to which the Uuited 
States shall be a party; to controversies between 
two or more States; between a ^tate and citizens of 
another State; between citizens of ditferent States; 
between citizens of the same State claiming lands 
under grants of ditferent States; and between a State, 
or the citizens thereof, and foreign States, citizens, 
or subjects. 

In all cases afiecting Ambassadors, other public 
Ministers and Consuls, and those in which a State 
shall be party, the Supreme Court shall have orig- 
inal jurisdiction. In all the other eases belbre men- 
tioned the Supreme Court shall have appellate juris- 
diction, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions 
and under such regulations as the Congress shall 
make. 

The trial of all crimes, except in eases of impeach- 
ment, shall be by jury; and such trial shall be held 
in the State where the said crimes shall have been 
committed ; but when not committed within any State, 
the trial shall be at such place or places as the Con- 
gress may by law have directed. 

Sec. 3. Treason against the United States shall 
consist only in levying war against them, or in ad- 
hering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. 
No person shall be convicted of treason, unless on the 
testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or 
on confession in open court. 

The Congress shall have power to declare the pun- 
ishment of treason, but no attainder of treason shall 
work corruption of blood, or forfeiture, except dur- 
ing the life of the person attainted. 

ARTICLE IV. 

Section 1. Full faith and credit shall be given in 
each State to the public acts, records and judicial 
proceedings of every other State. And the Congress 
may by general laws prescribe the manner in which 
such acts, records, and proceedings shall be proved, 
and the effect thereof. 

Sec. 2. The citizens of each State shall be entitled 
to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the 
several States. 

A person charged in any State with treason, felony, 
or other crime, who shall flee from justice, and be 
found in another State, shall, on demand of the Ex- 
ecutive authority of the State from which he fled, be 
delivered up to be removed to the State having juris- 
diction of the crime. 

No person held to service or lahor in one State, 
under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, 
in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be 
discharged from such service or labor, but shall be 
delivered up on claim of the party to whom such 
service or labor may be due. 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



Sec. 3. New States may be admitted by the Con- 
gres* into this Union: but no now State shall be 
formed or erected within thejurisdietion of any other 
State, nor any State be formed by the j unction of two 
or more States, or parts of States, without tlie con- 
sent of the I.efrislatures of the States concerned, as 
well as of the Congress. 

The Conjrres^ shall have power to dispose of and 
make all needful rules and regulations respecting the 
territory or other property belonging to the United 
Sti'.tes; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so 
construed as to prejudice any claims of the United 
States or of any particular State. 

Skc. 4. The United States shall guarantee to 
every State in this Union a republican form of gov- 
ernment, and shall protect eacli of them against in- 
vasion; and on application of tlie Legislature, or of 
the Execntive (when the Legislature cannot be con- 
vened), against domestic violence. 

ARTICLE V. 
The Congress, whenever two-thirds of the House 
shall deem it necessary, shall projiose amendments to 
this Constitution, or. on the application of the Legis- 
latures of two-thirds of the several States, shall call 
a convention for proposing amendments, which, 
in either case, shall be valid to all intents and pur- 
poses, as part of this Constitution, when ratified by 
the Legislatures of three-fourths of the several States, 
or by conventions in three-fourths thereof as the 
one or the other mode of ratification may be pro- 
po.sed hy the Congress: Proridcd, that no amendment 
which may be made prior to the year one thousand 
eight hundred and eight, shall in any manner atTect 
the first and fourth clauses of the ninth section of the 
first article; and that no State, without its consent, 
shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate. 

ARTICLE VI. 

All debts contracted and eng.agements entered into 
before the adoption of this Constitution shall be as 
valid against the United States under this Constitu- 
tion as under the Confederation. 

This Constitution, and the laws of the United 
States which shall be made in pursuance thereof and 
all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the 
authority of the United States, shall be the supreme 
law of the land; and the Judges in every State shall 
be bound tlicreby, anything in the Constitution or 
laws of any State to the contrary notwithstanding. 

The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, 
and the members of the several State Legislatures, 
and all e.xecutive and judicial officers, both of the 
United States and of the several States, shall be 



bound by oath or aflHrmation to su])port this Constitn- 
tion; but no religious test shall cxcr be required as a 
qualification to any othce or public trust under the 
United States. 

ARTICLE VII. 
Tlie ratification of the Conventions of nine States 
shall be sufficient for the establishment of this Con- 
stitution between the States so ratifying the same. 
Done in Convention, by the unanimous consent of 
the States present, the seventecutli day of Septem- 
ber, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven 
hundred and eighty-seven, and of the Independence 
of the United States of America the twelfth. IN 
WITNESS whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our 
names. 

•George Washington, 
Prcmknt, and Deputy from Virginia. 
NEW HAMP.SHIEE. 

„ John Langdon, ■/■ Nicholas Gilman. 

MASSACHUSETT.S. 

V Nathaniel Gorham, •Rufus King. 

connectict:t. 

V William S. Johnson, siRoger Sherman. 

NEW YOEK. 

.- Alexander Hamilton. 

NEW JEE.SEY. 
/William Livingston, David Brearley, 

■' William Paterson, •' Jonathan Dayton. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

v/ Benjamin Franklin, j Thomas MifHin, 

((Robert Morris, J George Clymer, 

/ Thomas Fitzsimons, y Jared lugersoll, 

/ James Wilson, •/ Gouverueur Morris. 

DELAWARE. 

■'George Read, .Jacob Broom, 

{(.John Dickinson, rGunning Bedford, Jr., 

Richard Bassett. 

MARYLAND. 

.. James McHenry, x Daniel Carroll, 

k/ Daniel Jenifer, of St. Thomas. 

VIRGINIA. 

John Blair, .> James Madison, Jr. 

NORTH CAROLIN.4.. 

y William Blount, ^ Hugh Williamson, 

^Richard D. Sp^ght. u 

SOUTH CAROLINA. 

y J. Rutledge, Charles C. Pinckney, 

V Charles Pinckney, ,^ Pierce Butler. 

GEORGIA. 

y William Few, •Abraham Baldwin. 

Attest: William Jackson, Secretary. 



PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONVENTION 

IN C0N\-ENTI0N. 

SIoNDAY, September 17, 1787. 

limoh-fd, Tliat the preceding Constitution be laid 
before the United States in Congress as.senibled; and 
that it is the opinion of this Convention thatitshould 
afterwards be submitted to a Convention of Delegates, 
chosen in each .state bj' the i)eople thereof, under 
the recommenilation of its Legislature, for their as- 
sent and ratification; and that eacli Coavention as- 
senting to and ratifying the same should give notice 
thereol to the United States in Congress assembled. 

Bt.i(dred, That it is the opinion of this Convention 
that, as soon as the Conventions of nine .States shall 
have ratified this Constitution, the United States in 
Congress a.«sembled should fi.\ a d.ay on which Elect- 
oi-s should he appointed bj' the States which shall 
have ratified the same, and a daj' on which Electors 
should assemble to vote for the President, and the 



WHICH FORMED THE CONSTITUTION. 

I time and place for commencing proceedings under 

this Constitution; that after such publication, the 
j Electors should be appointed, and the Senators and 
! Representatives elected ; that the Electors should 
I meet on the day fixed for the election of the Presi- 
1 dent, and should transmit their votes, certified, 
I signed, sealed, and directed, as the Constitution re- 
I (juires, to the Secretary of the United States in Con- 
I grcss assembled; that the Senators and Representa- 
I fives should convene at the time and place assigned; 
i that the Senators should appoint a President of the 
I .Senate, for the sole purpose of receiving, opening, 
I and counting the votes for President; and that, alter 
I he shall be chosen, the Congress, together with the 
j President, should, without delay, proceed to execute 

this Constitution. 
By the unanimous order of the Convention. 
I Geo. Washington, President. 

i William Jackson, Secretary. 



TABULAR i;KC()Kbf<. 



LETTER OF THE CONVENTION TO THE OLD CONGRESS. 



IN CONVENTION. 

September 17, 1787. 

Sir: Wc have now the honor to submit to the con- 
sideration of tlie United States in Congress assembled, 
that Constitution which has appeared to us the most 
udvi.sal)le. 

Tlie li'iends of our country have long seen and de- 
sired tliat tlie power of making war, peace, and trea- 
ties; that of levying money, and regulating com- 
merce, and the correspondent e.xecutive and judicial 
authorities, should be fully and effectually vested in 
the General Government of the Union; but the im- 
propriety of delegating such e.xtensive trust to one 
body of men is evident; hence results the necessity 
of a different oiganization. 

It is obviously impracticable in the Federal Gov- 
ernment of these States to secure all rights of inde- 
pendent sovereignty to each, and yet provide for the 
interest and safety of all. Individuals entering into 
society must give up a share of liberty to preserve 
tho rest. Tlie magnitude of the sacrifice must de- 
pend as well on situation and circumsfcinces as on the 
object to be obtained. It is at all times diilicult to 
draw with ])rccision the line between those rights 
■n'hich must be surrendered and those which may be 
reserved; and, on the present occa.siou, this dillli-ulty 
was increased by a difference among the several 
States as to their situation, extent, habits, and j)ar- 
ticular interests. 



In all our deliberations on this subject, we kept 
steadily in our view that which appears to us the 
greatest interest of every true American, — the consol- 
idation of our Union, — in which is involved our pros- 
perity, felicity, safety, perhaps our national exist- 
ence. This important consideration, seriously and 
deeply impressed on our minds, led each State in the 
Convention to be less rigid on points of inferior 
magnitude than might have been otherwise expected; 
and thus the Constitution, which we now present, is 
tlie result of a spirit of amity, and of that mutual 
deference and confession which the peculiarity of 
our political situation rendered indispensable. 

That it will meet the full and entire approbation 
of every State is not, perhaps, to be expected; but 
each will doubtless consider that, had her interest 
been alone consulted, the consequences might have . 
been particularly disagreeable or injurious to others. 
That it is liable to as few exceptions as could reason- 
ably have been expected, we hope and believe. That 
it may promote the lasting welfare of that country so 
dear to us all, and secure her freedom and happiness, 
is our most ardent wish. 

With great respect, we have the honor to be, sir, 
your Excellency's most obedient, humble servants. 

jBy unanimous order of the Convention. 

Geo. WA.SIIINGTON, President. 
His Excellency, the Peesident of Congress. 



PROCEEDINGS IN THE OLD CONGRFiSS. 



UNITED STATES IN CONGRESS ASSEMBLED. 

Friday, September 28, 1787. 

Pirsent — New Hampshire, JIassachusctts, Connecti- 
cut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, 
Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia; 
and from Maryland, Mr. Ross. 

Congress having received the report of the Conven- 
tion lately assembled in Philadelphia, — 



HcsnJml, wnnnimovjilii, That the said report, v\'ith 
the resolutions and letter accompanying the same, be 
transmitted to the several Legislatures, in order to 
be submitted to a Convention of Delegates chosen in 
each State by the people thereof, in conformity to the 
resolves of the Convention made and provided in that 
case. 

Chaet.es Thomson, Scerelarv. 



STATE RATIFICATIONS 

Tlie Constitution was adopted September 17, 1787, 
by the C^mvention appointed in pursuance of the reso- 
lution of the Congress of the Contederation of Feb- 
ruary 21, 1787, and was ratified by the Conventions 
of the several States as follows, viz. : 

By Convention of Delaware December 7, 1787 

By Convention of Pennsylvania... December 12, 1787 

By Convention of New .lersey December 18, 1787 

By Convention of Georgia January 2,1788 



OF THE CONSTITUTION. 

By Convention of Connecticut January 9, 

By Convention of Ma.ssachusetts..February 6, 

By Convention of Maryland April 28, 

By Convention of South Carolina.. May 23, 

By Convention of New Hampshire. June 21, 

By Convention of Virginia .June 2(1, 

By Convention of New York July 2t), 

By Convention of NorthCarolina..November 21, 

By Convention of Rhode Island... May 29, 



1788 
1788 
1788 
1788 
1788 
1788 
1768 
178^^ 



ARTICLES IN ADDITION 
THE CONSTITUTION OF THE 

PROPOSED BY CONGRESS, AND EATIFIED BY THE 
TO THE FIFTH AETICLE OF 

ARTICLE L 

Congress sliall make no law respecting an estab- 
lishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise 
thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of 
the press ; or the right of the people peaceably to as- 
semble, and to petition the Government for redress of 
grievances. 

ARTICLE n. 

A well regiilated militia being necessary to the se- 
curity of a free State, tlie right of the people to keep 
and bear arms shall not be infringed. 



TO, AND AMENDMENT OF, 

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 

LEGISLATURES OF THE SEVEEAL STATES PURSUANT 
THE OEIGINAL CONSTITUTION. 

ARTICLE IIL 
No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in 
any house, without the consent of the o\Mior, nor in 
time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law. 



ARTICLE IV. 

The right of the people to be secure in their per- 
sons, houses, papers, -and effects, against unreason- 
able searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and 
no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, sup- 
ported by oath or affirmation, and particularly de 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



scribing the place to be searclied, and the person or 
things to be seized . 

ARTICLE V. 

No person shall be held to answer for a capital or 
otheiwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment 
or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising 
in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when 
in actual service in time of war or public danger; nor 
shall any person be subject for the same oft'ense to 
be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be 
compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against 
himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, 
without due process of law ; nor shall private prop- 
erty be takcu for public use without just compensa- 
tion. 

ARTICLE VI. 

In all cviniinal prosecutions the accused shall en- 
joy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an im- 
partial jury of the State and district wherein the 
crime shall have been committed, which district shall 
have been previously ascertained by law, and to be 
informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; 
to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to 
have compulsory prnce.ss for obtaining witnesses in 
his favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for 
his defense. 

ARTICLE VII. 

In snits at common law, where the value in con- 
troversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of 
trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by 
a jury shall be otherwise re-examined in any court of 
the United States, than according to the rules of the 
common law. 

ARTICLE VIII. 

Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive 
fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments 
inflicted. 

ARTICLE IX. 

The enumeration in the Constitution of certain 
rights sh;\Il pot be construed to deny or disparage 
others retained by the people. 

ARTICLE X. 

The powers not delegated to the United States by 
the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, 
are reserved to the States respectively, or to the 
people. 

ARTICLE XI. 

The judicial power of the United States shall not 
be construed to extend to any suit, in law or equity, 
commenced or prosecuted against one of the United 
States by citizens of another State, or by citizens or 
subjects of any foreign State. 

ARTICLE Xn. 
The electors shall meet in their respective States, 
and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, 
one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of 
the same State with themselves: they shall name in 
their ballots the person voted for as President, and 
in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-Presi- 
dent, and they shall make distinct lists of all per- 
sons voted for as President, and of all persons voted 
for as Vice-President, and of the number of votes for 
each, which lists they shall sign and certify, and 
transmit sealed to the seat of the Government of 
the United States, directed to the President of the 
Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in pres- 
ence of the Senate and House of Representatives, 
open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be 
counted; the person having the greatest number of 
votes for President shall be the President, if such 
number be a majority of the whole number of Elect- 
ors appointed; and if no person have such majority. 



then from the persons having the highest nnmbera, 
not exceeding three on the list of those voted for 
as President, the House of Representatives shall 
choose immediately by ballot, the President. But in 
choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by 
States, the Representation from each State having 
one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist o:' 
a member or memliers from two-tliirds of the States, 
and a mojority of all the States shall be necessary to 
a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall 
not choose a President, whenever the right of choice 
shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of 
March next Ibllowing, then the Vice-President shall 
act as President, as in the case of the death or other 
constitutional disability of the President. The per- 
son having the greatest number of votes as Vice- 
President shall be the Vice-President, if such numbe;- 
be a majority of the whole number of Electors ap- 
pointed ; and if no person have a majority, then from 
the two highest numbers on the list the Senate shall 
choose the Vice-President; a (juorum for the purpose 
shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of 
Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall 
be necessary to a choice. But no person constitution- 
ally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligi- 
ble to that of Vice-President of the United States. 

ARTICLE XIIL 

Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servi- 
tude, except as a punishment for crime, whereof the 
party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist 
wtMu the United States, or any place subject to 
their jurisdiction. 

Sec. 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this 
article by appropriate legislation. 
ARTICLE XrV. 

Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the 
United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, 
are citizens of the United States and of the State 
wherein they reside. No State shall make or enlbrce 
any law which shall abridge the privileges or immu- 
nities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any 
State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, 
without due process of law, nor deny" to any person 
within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. 

Sec. 2. Representatives shall be apportioned 
among the several States according to their respect- 
ive numbers, counting the whole number of persons 
in each State, excluding Indi.ans not taxed. • Knt 
when the right to vote at any election for the choice 
of Electors for President and Vice-President of the 
United States, Representatives in Congress, the exec- 
utive and judicial officers of a State, or the members 
of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the 
male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one 
years of age, and citizens of the United States, or iu 
any way abridged, except for participation in rebel- 
lion, or other crime, the basis of representation therein 
shall be reduced in the proportion which the number 
of such male citizens shall bear to the whole num- 
ber of male citizens, twenty one years of age, in such 
State. 

Sec. 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representa- 
tive in Congress, or Elector of President and Vice- 
President, or hold any office, civil or military, under 
the United States, or under any State, who, having 
previously taken an oath as a member of Congre.s.^, 
or as an officer of the United States, or as a member 
of any State Legislature, or as an executive or judi- 
cial officer of any State, to support the Constitution 
of the United States, shall have engaged in instrrrec- 
tion or rebellion against the same, or given aid or 
comfort to the enemies thereof But Congress may, 
by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such 
disability. 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



Sec. 4. The validity of the public debt of the 
Uintcd States, authorized by law, induding debts in- 
curred for payment of pensions and bounties for ser- 
vices in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall 
not be questioned. But neither the United States 
nor any State shall assume or pay any debt orobliga- 
tion incurred in aid of in.surrection or rebellion 
against the United States, or any claim for the loss 
or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts 
obligations, and claims shall be held illegal and 
voi.L 



Sec. 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, 
by ajipropriate legislation, the provisions of this 
article. 

ARTICLE XV. 

Section 1. The right of citizens of the United 
States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the 
United States or by any State on account of race, 
color, or previous condition of servitude. 

Sec. 2. The Congie.ss shall have power to enforce 
this article by appropriate legislation. 



[The following is prefixed to the first ten* of the preceding amendments.] 
CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 

BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CITV OP NEW YOEK, OX WEDNESDAY, THE FOURTH OP MAECH, ONE 
THOUSAND SEVEN HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-NINE. 



The Convention of a number of the States having, 
at the time of their adopting the Constitution, ex- 
pressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction 
or abuse of its powers, that further declaratory and 
restrictive clau.ses should be added; and as extending 
the ground of public confidence in the government 
will best insure the beneficent end of its institution, — 

Jiesoh'cd, by the Senate and House of Reprcsenia- 
iivcs of the United States of America, in Congress as- 
sembled, two-thirds of both liouses concurring, That 
the following articles be proposed to the Legislatures 
of the several States, as amendments to the Constitu- 
tion of the United States, all or any of which articles, 
when ratified by three-fourths of the said Legisla- 
tures, to be valid to all intents and purposes, a.s part 
of the said Constitution, viz: — 

Articles in addition to, and amendeut of. the Con- 



stitution of the United States of America, proposed 
by Congress and ratified by the Legislatures of the 
several States, pursuant to the Fifth Article of the 
original Constitution. 

The first ten amendments of the Constitution were 
ratified by the States .as follows, viz: — 

By New Jersey November 20, 1789. 

By Maryland December 

By North Carolina December 

By South Carolira J.anuary 

By New Hampshire January 

By Delaware January 

By Pennsylvania March 

B,y New York March 

By Rhode Island June 

By Vermont November 

By Virginia December 



19, 


1789. 


'» 


1789. 


19, 


1790. 


2.-,, 


1790. 


28, 


1790. 


10, 


1790. 


27, 


1790. 


15, 


1790. 


3, 


1791. 


15, 


1791. 



[The following is prefixed to the eleventh of the preceding amendments.] 
THIRD CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 

AT THE FIKST SESSION, BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CITY OP PHILADELPHIA, IN THE STATE OP PENNSYLVA- 
NIA, ON MOND.VY, THE SECOND OF DECEMBER, ONE THOUSAND SEVEN HUNDRED AND NINETY-THREE. 

Eesolved, by the Senate and House of Bepresenlatives | several States as an amendment to the Constitution 
of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, of the United States; which, when ratified by three- 
two-thirds of both Houses concurring. That the fol- fourths of the said Legislatures, shall be valid as part 
lowing article be proposed to the Legislatures of the , of the said Constitution, viz: — 



[The following is prefi.xed to the twelfth of the jjrecediug amendments.] 
EIGHTH CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 

AT THE FIRST SESSION, BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CITY OF WASHINGTON, IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, 
ON MONDAY, THE SEVENTEENTH OF OCTOBER, ONE THOX'SAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND THREE. 



Resolved, by the Senate and House of Representatives 
of lite United States of America, in Congress assembled, 
two-thirds of both Houses concurring, That in lieu of 
the third par.-igraph of the first section of tlie Second 
Article of the Constitution of the United States, the 
following be proposed as an amendment to the Consti- 
tution of the United States; which, when ratified by 
tin ee-fourths of the Legislatures of the several States, 



*Itmay be proper here to state that twelve .articles of amend- 
ment were proposed by the first Congress, of whicli l>iit ten 
were raiitiej by the States— the first and second in order not 
hiwins been ratified by the requisite number of States. 

These two were as follows". 

Artirla First —After the first enumeration required by the 
First Article uf the Constitution, tliere .shall be one Uei)resent- 
ative for every thirty thousand, until the number sliaii amount 
to one hundred, after which the proportion shiill be so regu- 
lated by Congress that there shall not be less than one hundred 



shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of 
the said Constitution, to wit: 

The ten first of the preceding amendments were 
proposed at the first session of the first Congress of 
the United States, September 25, 1789, and were 
finally ratified by the constitutional number of States, 
December 15, 1791. The eleventh amendment was 
proposed at the first session of the Third Congress, 



Representatives, nor less than one Representative for every 
forty thousand persons, until the number of Representatives 
shall amount to two hundred, after which the proportion shall 
be so regulate.! by Congress that there shall not be less than 
two hundred Representatives, nor more than one Representa- 
tive to every fifty thousand persons. 

Article Second-— 'No law varying the compensation for the .sei^ 
vices ot the Senators and Representatives shall take.effecti 
until an election of Representatives shall have intervened. 



TABULAK KKCOKD.S. 



March 5, 1794, and was declared, in a message from 
the I'resident of the United States to both Houses of 
Congress, dated January 8, 1798, to have beeu adopted 
by the constitutional number of States. The twelfth 
amendment was proposed at the first session of the 



Eighth Congress, December 12, 1803, and was adopted 
by the constitutional number of States in 1804, ac- 
cording to a public notice thereof by the Secretary of 
State, dated September 25 of the same year. 



['IMk' iullowing is prefixed to the thirteenth of the preceding amendments.] 
THIKTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 



AT THE SECOND SESSION, BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CITY OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COI-UMBIA, ON 
THE FIRST DAY OF FEBRUARY, EIGHTEEN HUNDRED AND SIXTY-FIVE. 

day of December, 1865, at which time it had been 
dulv ratitied by the Legislatures of the States ol 
Illinois, Rhode Island, Michigan, Maryland, New 



Resolicd, hi/ the Senate and House of Meprcticntdtivrx 
of tin- Unittil StatcK of Anicrica, in Congresa assembled, 
two-thirds of both 1 louses concurring. That the fol- 
lowing article be proposed to the Legislatures of the 
several States, as an amendment to the Constitution 
of the United States, which, when ratified by three- 
fourths of said Legislatures, sholl he valid, to aU in- 
tents and purposes, as a part of said Constitution, 
namely: 

This amendment was declarcil adopted on the 18tli 



York West Virginia, Maine, Kansas, Massachusetts, 
Pennsylvania, Virginia, Ohio. Missouri, Nevada, In- 
diana, Loirisiana, Minnesota. Wisconsin, Vermont, 
Tennessee, Arkansas, Connecticut, New Hampshire, 
South Carolina. Alabama, North Carolina, and Geor^ 
gia— in all, twenty-seven States. 



[The following is prefixed to the fourteenth of the preceding amendments.] 
THIRTY-NINTH CONGRESS OP THE UNITED STATES, 

AT THE FIRST SESSION, BEGUN AND HELD IN THE CITY OF WASHINGTON, Dl.SIRICT OF COLUMBIA, ON 
THE SIXTEENTH BAY OF JUNE, EIGHTEEN HUNDRED AND SIXTY-SIX. 



Be it resolved by the Senate and House of Represent- 
■ilives of the United States of America in Congreas 
assembled, two-thirds of both Houses concurring, That 
the following article be proposed to the Legislatures 
of the several States as an amendment to the Consti- 
tution of the United States, which, when ratitied by 
three-fourths of said Legislatures, .shall be valid as 
part of the Constitution, namely: 

This amendment was declared adopted on the 20th 



day of July, 1868, at which time it had been duly 
ratified by the Legislatures of the States of Connecti- 
cut, NewHampshire, Tennessee, New Jersey, Oregon, 
Vermont. New York, Ohio, Illinois, West Virginia, 
Kansas, Maine. Nevada, Missouri, Indiana, Minneso- 
ta. Rhode Island. Wisconsin, Pennsylvania, Michigan. 
Massachusetts, Nebraska, Iowa, Arkansas, Florida, 
North Carolina. Louisiana, South Carolina, and Ala- 
h:iiua — in all, twenty-nine States. 



[The following is prefixed to the fifteenth of the preceding amendments.] 
FORTIETH CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 



AT THE LAST SESSION, BEGtrX AND HELD AT THE 
THE TWENTY-SEVENTH OF FEBRUARY, 

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives 
of the United States of Ameriea in Congresi: assembled, 
two-thirds of both Houses concurring. That the fol- 
lowing article be proposed to the Legislatures of the 
several States, as an amendment to the Constitution of 
the United States, which, when ratified by three- 
fourths of said Legislatures, shall be valid as part of 
the Constitution, namely: 

This amendment, as appears from the Proclamation 
of the Secretary of State, dated March 30. 1870, was 



CITY l)F WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLTTMBTA, ON 
EIGHTICKN HUNDRED AND SIXTY-NINE. 

ratified by the Legislatures of the States of North 
Carolina, West Virginia. Massachusetts, Wisconsin, 
Maine. Louisiana, Michigan, South Carolina, Penn- 
sylvania, Arkansas, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, In- 
diana. New York, NewHampshire, Nevada, Vermont, 
Virginia, Alabama, Missouri, Mississippi, Ohio. Iowa, 
Kansas, Minnesota, Rhode Island, Nebraska, and 
Texas— in all, twenty-nine States. It should be added 
that New York withdrew her vote, and Georgia took 
her place in the affirmative. 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



SESSIONS OF THE FEDERAL CONGRESS. 
(officially pkepaeed for this woek.) 

STATEMENT 

Showing the Commencement and Termination of each Session of Congress lield under the Present Constitution, with 

the number of Days in each. 



Congress. 



H 



Session. 



20-^ 



21 1 

22 1 
23 1 



24- 



25- 



20{ 



27- 



28 ^ 



29 < 



1 
2 
3 
1 
2 
1 
2 
1 
2 
1 
2 
3 
1 
2 

1 
2 
1 
2 
1 
2 
1 
2 
1 
2 
3 
1 
2 
1 
2 
3 
1 
2 
1 
2 
1 
2 
1 
o 

1 
2 
1 
2 
1 
2 
1 
2 
1 
2 

1 

2 
1 
2 
1 

2 

3 
1 
2 
1 
2 
3 
1 
2 
1 
2 



From- 



March 

January 

December 

October 

November 

December 

November 

December 

December 

May 

November 

December 

December 

November 

December 

December 

Octolier 

November 

December 

December 

October 

November 

May 

November 

December 

November 

November 

May 

December 

September 

December 

December 

December 

November 

December 

November 

December 

December 

December 

December 

December 

December 

December 

December 

December 

December 

December 

December 

December 

December 

December 

December 

September 

December 

December 

December 

December 

May 

December 

December 

December 

December 

December 

December 



4, 1789 

4, 1790 

6, 1790 
24, 1791 

5, 179-2 

2, 1793 

3, 1794 

7, 1795 

5, 1796 

15, 1797 
13, 1797 

3, 1798 

2, 1799 

17, 1800 

7, 1801 

6, 1802 
17, 1803 

5, 1804 

2, 1805 

1, 1806 

26, 1807 

7, 1808 
22, 1809 

27, 1S09 

3, 1810 

4, 1811 

2. 1812 
24, 1813 

6, 1813 
19, 1814 

4, 1815 

2, 1816 

1, 1817 

16, 1818 
6, 1819 

13, 1820 

3, 1821 

2, 1822 
1, 1823 

6, 1824 

5, 1825 

4, 1826 

3, 1827 

1, 1828 

7, 1829 

6, 1830 

5, 1831 

3, 1832 

2, 1833 

1, 1834 

7, 1835 

5, 1836 

4, 1837 

4, 1837 

3, 1838 

2, 1839' 
7, 1840 

31, 1841 

6, 1841 

5, 1842 

4, 1843 
2, 1844 
1, 1845 

7, 1846 



To- 



Year of In 
dependence. 



September 29, 1789 


13 


August 


12, 1790 


14 


March 


3, 1791 


15 


May 


8, 1792 


16 


March 


2, 1793 


17 


.June 


9, 1794 


18 


March 


3, 1795 


19 


.June 


1, 1796 


20 


March 


3, 1797 


21 


.July 


10, 1797 


21 


.Jul> 


16, 1798 


22 


March 


3, 1799 


23 


May 


14, 1800 


24 


March 


3, 1801 


25 


May 


3, 1802 


26 


March 


8, 1803 


27 


March 


27, 1804 


28 


March 


3, 1805 


29 


April 


21, 1806 


30 


March 


3, 1807 


31 


April 


25, 180S 


32 


JIarch 


3, 1809 


33 


.June 


28, 1809 


.33 


M.iy 


1, 1810 


34 


JNIarch 


3, 1811 


35 


July 


6, 1812 


36 


March 


3, 1813 


37 


Aujiust 


2, 1813 


37 


April 


18, 1814 


38 


March 


3, 1815 


39 


April 


30, 1816 


40 


March 


3, 1617 


41 


April 


30, 1818 


42 


March 


3, 1819 


43 


May 


15, 1820 


44 


March 


3, 1821 


45 


May 


8, 1822 


46 


March 


3, 1823 


47 


May 


27, 1824 


48 


March 


3, 1825 


49 


May 


22, 1826 


50 


Jlarch 


3, 1827 


51 


May 


26, 1828 


52 


Miirch 


3, 1829 


53 


May 


31, 1830 


54 


March 


3, 1831 


55 


•July 


16, 1832 


56 


March 


3, 1833 


57 


.June 


30, 1834 


58 


March 


3, 1835 


59 


July 


4, 1836 


60 


March 


3, 1837 


61 


October 


16, 1837 


61 


July 


9, 1838 


62 


March 


3, 1839 


63 


July 


21, 1S40 


64 


March 


3, 1841 


65 


September 13, 1841 


65 


August 


31, 1842 


66 


March 


3, 1843 


67 


June 


17, 1844 


68 


March 


3, 1845 


69 


August 


10, 1846 


70 


March 


3, 1847 


71 



Number of 

days in each 

session. 



Where held. 



210 


New York. 


221 


do. 


88 


Philadelphia 


197 


do. 


119 


do. 


190 


do. 


121 


do. 


177 


do. 


89 


do. 


57 


do. 


246 


do. 


91 


do. 


164 


do. 


107 


Washington. 


148 


do. 


88 


do. 


163 


do. 


119 


do. 


141 


do. 


93 


do. 


182 


do. 


117 


do. 


38 


do. 


156 


do. 


91 


do. 


245 


do. 


122 


do. 


71 


do. 


134 


do. 


166 


do. 


148 


do 


92 


do. 


141 


do. 


108 


do. 


162 


do. 


111 


do. 


157 


do. 


92 


do. 


178 


do. 


88 


do. 


169 


do. 


90 


do. 


175 


do. 


93 


do. 


176 


do. 


88 


do. 


225 


do. 


91 


do. 


211 


do. 


93 


do. 


211 


do. 


89 


do. 


43 


do. 


218 


do. 


91 


do. 


233 


do. 


87 


do. 


106 


do. 


269 


do. 


89 


do. 


196 


do. 


92 


do. 


253 


do. 


87 


do. 









TABULAE RECORDS 






xrl 


Congress. 


Session. 


From 


- 


To- 


Year of In- 
dependence. 


Number of 

Ifiys in each 

Sesfiion. 


Where held. 


30 ■[ 


1 


December 


6, 1847 


August 14, 1848 


72 


254 


Washington. 


2 


December 


4, 1848 


March 3, 1849 


73 


90 


do. 


-{ 


1 


December 


3, 1849 


Sejitember 30, 1850 


74 


302 


do. 


2 


December 


2, 1850 


March 3, 1851 


75 


92 


do. 


32{ 


1 


December 


1, 1851 


August 31, 1852 


76 


275 


do. 


2 


December 


6, 1852 


March 3, 1853 


77 


88 


do. 


33- 


1 


December 


5, 185:! 


August 7, 1854 


78 


246 


do. 


2 


December 


4, 1854 


March 3, 1855 


79 


90 


do. 


f 


1 


December 


3, ] 855 


August 18, 1850 


80 


260 


.10. 


34J 





August 


21, 1856 


August 30, 1856 


80 


10 


do. 


I 


3 


December 


1, 1856 


March 3, 1857 


81 


93 


do. 


35| 


1 


December 


7, 1857 


June 1, 1858 


82 


177 


do. 


2 


December 


6, 1858 


March 3, 1859 


83 


88 


do. 


36/ 


1 


December 


5, 1859 


June 18, 1860 


84 


' 19fi 


do. 


2 


December 


3, 1860 


March 3, 1861 


85 


93 


do. 


f 


1 


July 


3, 1861 


August 6, 1861 


85 


34 


do. 


37 J 


2 


December 


2, 1861 


July 17, 1862 


86 


228 


do. I 


1 


3 


December 


1, 18H-> 


March 3, 1863 


87 


94 


do. 


3S( 


1 


December 


7, 1863 


July 2, 1864 


88 


209 


do. 


2 


December 


5, 1864 


March 3, 1865 


89 


90 


do. 


39 1 


1 


December 


4, 18(15 


July 28, 1866 


90 


237 


do. 


2 


December 


3, 186(! 


March 3, 1867 


91 


92 


do. 


' 


1 


March 


4, 1867 


March 30, 1867 


91 


26 


do. 




2 


July 


3, 1867 


July 20, 1867 


91 


18 


do. 


40. 


3 


November 21, 18G7 


December 2, 1867 


91 


12 


do. 




4 


December 


2, 1867 


July 27, 1868 


92 


239 


do. 




5 


December 


7, 1868 


March 3, 1869 


93 


88 


do. 




1 


March 


4, 1869 


April 10, 1869 


93 


38 


do. 


41. 


2 


December 


2. 1869 


July 15, 1870 


94 


226 


do. 


, 


3 


December 


5, 1870 


March 3, 1871 


95 


90 


do. 


r 


1 


March 


4, 1871 


April 20, 1871 


95 


47 


do. 


42 J 


2 


December 


4, 1871 


June 10, 1872 


96 


190 


do. 


1 


3 


December 


2, 1872 


March 3, 1873 


97 


91 


do. 


43{ 


1 


December, 


1873 


June 23, 1874 


98 


204 


do. 


2 


December, 


1874 


March 3, 1875 


99 


93 


do. 


44{ 


1 


December 


6, 1875 


August 17, 1876 


100 


256 


do. 


2 


December 


4, 1876 


March 3, 1877 


101 


90 


do. 


f 


1 


October 


15, 1877 


December 3, 1877 


102 


48 


do. 


45 


2 


December 


3, 1877 


June 20, 1878 


102 


200 


do. 


I 


3 


December 


2, 1878 


March 3, 1879 


103 


92 


do. 


f 


1 


March 


18, 1879 


July 1, 1879 


104 


104 


do. 


46 J 


2 


December 


1, 1879 


June 16, 1880 


104 


198 


do. 


1 


3 


December 


6, 1880 


March 3, 1881 


105 


88 


do. 


-{ 


1 


December 


5, 1881 


August 8, 1882 


106 


247 


do. 


2 


December 


4, 1882 


March 3, 1883 


107 


9U 


do. 


48{ 


1 


December 


3, 1883 


July 7, 1884 


108 


247 


do. 


2 


December 


2, 1884 


March 3, 1885 


109 


93 


do. 


49{ 


1 


December 


7,1885 


August 5, 1886 


110 


251 


do. 


2 


December 


6, 1886 


March 3, 1887 


111 


88 


do. 



VICE-PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES, 



CONOBKSS. 

1 to 4. 

5 and 6. 

7 and 8. 

9 to 12. 
13 and 14. 
15 to 18. 
19 to 22. 
23 and 24. 
25 and 26. 
27. 

29 and 30. 
31. 
32. 



PKESIDENTS OF THE SENATE — Ex-officio. 



John Adams, 
Thomas Jefferson, 
Aaron Burr, 
George Clinton,* 
Elbridge Gerry,* 
Daniel D. Tompkins, 
John C. Calhoun, t 
Martin Van Buren, 
Richard M. Johnson, 
John Tyler, t 
George M. Dallas, 
Millard Fillmore,? 
William R. King,* 



Massachusetts. 


Congress. 
33 and 34. 


Virginia. 
New York. 


35 and 36. 
37 and 38. 


New York. 


39. 


Massachusetts. 


40. 


New York. 


41 and 42. 


Soutli Carolina. 


43. 


New York. 


44. 


Kentucky. 
Virginia. 
PennsylTania. 
New York. 


45 and 46. 

47. 
48. 
49. 


Alabama. 





(Vacant.) 

.Tohn C. Breckenridge, Kentucky. 

Hannibal Hamlin, Maine. 

Andrew Johnson, T| Tennessee. 

(Vacant.) 

Schuyler Colfax, Indiana. 

Henry Wilson,* Massachusetts. 

(Vacant.) 

William A. Wheeler, New York. 

Chester A. Arthur, || New York. 

(Vacant.) 

Thomas A. Hendricks,* Indiana. 



' Died in Office. 
■ Resigned December 28. If32. 
Beciime President by de'ith of Harri.ion. 



2 Became President by death of Taylor. 
f Became President Ijy Death nf Lincola. 
tl Became President by death of Viarfield. 



TABULAR RECOKDf 



PRESIDENTS PRO TEM. OF THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES. 



Congress. 
1st. 
■M. 

3d. 

1th. 

.>th. 

Ktb 

7tb. 

8th. 

9th. 

10th. 

11th. 
l.ith. 

i:nh. 

1-lth. 
15th. 

Kith. 

17th. 
18th. 



John Lanijdon, 
f Richard Henry Lee, 
\ John Laugdon, 

{Ralph Izard, 
Henry Tazewell, 
/ Samuel Iji\erinore, 
\ AVilliam Biu^ham, 

William Bradford. 

Jacob Read, 

Theodore Sedgniek. 

John Laurancc, 

James Ross, 

Samuel Bivermore, 

Uriah Tracy, 

,Tohn E. Howard, 

James Hillhouse, 
f Abraham Baldwin, 
1 Stephen R. Bradley, 

{John Browne, 
Jesse Franklin, 
Josejjh Anderson, 
/ Samuel Smith, 
\ Samuel Smith, 
f Samuel Smith, 
■j Stephen R. Bradley, 
(John llilledge, 

{Andrew Gregg, 
John Gaillard, 
John Pope, 
f William H. Crawford, 
(.Joseph B. Varnum, 
John Gaillard, 
John Gaillard, 
f John Gaillard, 
\ James Barljonr, 
f .James Barljour, 
\ John Gaillard, 
.John Gaillard, 
John Gaillard, 



New Hampshire. 

Virginia. ■ 

New Hampshire. 

South Carolina. 

Virginia. 

New Hampshire. 

Pennsylvania. 

Rhode IslaTid. 

South Carolina. 

Massachusetts. 

New York. 

Pennsjdvania. 

New Hampshire. 

Connecticut. 

Maryland. 

Connecticut. 

Georgia. 

Vermont. 

Kentucky. 

Nortli Carolina. 

Tennessee. 

Maryland. 



Vermont. 
Georgia. 
Pennsylvania. 
South Carolina. 
Kentucky. 
Georgia. 
Massachusetts. 
South Carolina. 



Virginia. 
South Caroliua 



Congress 
19th. 
20th. 
21st. 
22d. 

23d. 

24th. 

25th. 
26th. 

27th. 

28th. 

29th. 

30th. 

31st. 

32d. 

33d. 

34th. 

35th. 

36th. 

37th. 

38th. 

39th. 
40th. 
41st. 
42d. 

43d. 

44th. 
4.">tli. 
46th. 
47th. 
48th. 
49th. 



Nathaniel Macon, 

( Nathaniel Macon, 

\ Samuel Smith, 
Samuel Smith, 

/ Littleton W. Tazewell, 

I. Hugh L. White. 

( George Poindexter, 

\ John Tyler, 
William R. King, 
William R. King, 
William R. King, 

( Samuel L. Southard, 

t Willie P. Mangum, 
Willie P. Mangum, 
David R. Atchison, 
David R. Atchison, 
William R. King, 
William R. King, 
David R. Atchison, 
Jesse D. Bright, 
Benjamin Fitzpatrick, 

j Jesse D. Bright, 

\ Solomon Foot, 
Solomon Foot, 

f Solomon Foot, 

I. Daniel Clark, 
LaFayette S. Foster, 
Benjamin F. Wade, 
Henry B. Anthony, 
Henry B. Anthony, 

f Matthew H, Carpenter, 

I Thomas W. Ferry. 
Thomas W. Ferrv. 
Thomas W. Ferry, 
.\llen G. Thurman, 
David Davis, 
George F. Edmunds, 
John Sherman, 



North Carolina. 

Maryland. 

Virginia. 

Tennessee. 

Mississippi. 

Virginia. 

Alabama. 



New Jersey. 
North Carolina. 

Missouri. 

Alabama. 

Missouri. 

Indiana. 

Alabama. 

Indiana. 

Vermont. 



New Hampshire. 

Connecticut. 

Ohio. 

Rhode Island. 

Wisconsin, 
Michigan. 



Ohio. 

Illinois. 

Vermont. 

Ohio. 



SPEAKERS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENT.VTIVES OF THE UNITED STATES. 



CONQEKSS. 

1st. 
2d. 
3d. 
4th. 



/ 5th. 

6th. 

7th. 

8th. 

9th. 
10th. 
11th. 
12th. 

13th. 

14th. 
15th. 

16th. 

17th. 
18th. 
19th. 
80th. 
21st. 
22d. 

23d. 

24th. 
25th. 
86tb. 



F. A. Muhlenberg, 

Jonathan Trumbull, 

F. A. Muhlenberg, 

Jonathan Dayton, 
/ Jonathan Dayton, 
\ George Dent, pro iem., 

Theodore Sedgwick, 

Nathaniel Macon, 

Nathaniel Macon, 

Nathaniel JIacon, 

Joseph B. Varnnm, 

Josepli B. Varnum. 

Henry (.'lay, 
/ Henry Clay, 
\ Langdon Cheves, 

Henry Clay, 

Henry Clay, 
f Henry Clay, 
\ John W. Taylor, 

Philip,B. Barbour, 

Henry Clay, 

John iJE.-' Taylor, 

Andrew Stevenson, 

Andrew Stevenson, 

Andrew Stevenson, 
f Andrew Steven.son, Istses. . 
\ Henry Hubbard, pro tern., 

John Bell, 

James K. Polk, 

Janus K. Polk, 



1st ses. , 
2d " 



1st ses. , 
2d " 



Pennsylvania 

Connecticut. 

Pennsylvania. 

New .Jersey. 

11 

Maryland. 
Ma.ssachusetts. 
North Carolina 



ila.ssachusetts. 

Kentucky. 

South Carolina. 
Kentucky. 



New York. 
Virginia. 
Kentucky, 
New York. 
Virginia. 



New Hampshire. 
Tenne.'^see. 



Com: I 
27tli. 

2sth. 
29th. 
30tb. 

31st. 

32d. 

.33(1. 

34th. 

3r)th. 

36t,li. 

37th. 

38th. 

39th. 

40th. 

41st. 

42d. 
43d. 

44th. 

45th. 
4fith. 
47th. 
48th. 
49tli. 



r Robert M. T. Hunter, 
\ John White, 
I John W. .Jones, 
I, George W. Hopkins, ^jrofcm 

John W. Davis, 
f Robert C. Winthrop, 
\ Armistead Burt, pro tern., 
< Howell Cobb, 
1 R. C. Winthrop, pro tem., 

Linn Boyd, 

Linn Boyd, 

Nathaniel P. Banks, 

James L. Orr, 

William Pennington, 

Galusha A. Grow, 

Schuyler Colfax, 

Schuyler Colfax, 

Schuyler Colfax, 
/ T. M. Pomeroy, one day. 
\ James G. Blaine, 

James G. Blaine, 

James G. Blaine, 
f Michael C. Kerr, 1st ses. 
\SamuelJ. Randall, 2d " 

Samuel J. Randall, 

Samuel J. Randall, 

J. Warren Keifer, 

.Tohn G. Carlisle, 

.John G. Carlisle, 



Virginia. 

Kentucky. 

Virginia. 

Indiana. 
Massachusells. 
South Carolina. 
Georgia. 
Massachusetts. 
Kentucky. 
11 

Massachusetts. 
South Caiolina. 
New Jersey. 
Pennsylvania. 
Indiana. 



Maine. 



Indiana. 
Pennsylvania. 



Ohio. 
Kentnckv. 



TABULAl; ];EC0K1)S. 



THK FIRST CONGKKSS. 

Senators. 
John .lilain,^, Vice-Pr^ident. 



Bassett, Richard. 
Butler, Pierce. 
Carroll, Charles. 
Dalton, ITristam. 
Dickenson, Philemon. 1 
Ellsworth, Oliver. 
Elmer, .lonathan. 
Few, WiUiam. 
Foster, Theodore. 
Grayson, William. 
Gunn, James. 
Hawkins, lienjuniiu. 
Henry, John. 
\.,,— laard, Randolph. 
Johnson, William S. 



Johnston, Samuel. 
King Riifus. 
Langdon, John. 
Lee, Richard H. 
Maclay, William. 
Monroe, James. 2 
Morris, Robert. 
Patterson, William. 
Read, George. 
Schuyler, Philip. 
Stanton, Joseph, Jr. 
Sti-onii, Caleb. 
Walker, John.3 
Wingate, Paine. 



1. Elected in place of William Patterson, resigned. 

2. Elected in place of William Grayson, deceased. 

3. Temporarily appointed in place of William Gray- 
son, deceased. 

Repebbentatives. 
F. A. MiMcnherg, Speaker. 



Ames, Fisher. 
Ashe, John B. 
Baldwin, Abraham. 
Benson, Egbert. 
Bland, Thcodorick. 
Bloodworth, Tiniotliy. 
Boudinot, Elias. 
Bourne, Benjamin. 
Brown, John. 
Burke, Edanus. 
Cadwalader, Ijambert. 
Carroll, David. 
Clymer, George. 
Coles, Isaac. 
Contee, Benjamin. 
Fitzsimmons, Thomas. 
Floyd, William. 
Foster, Abie!. 
Gale, George. 
Gerry. Elbridge. 
Giles, William B.l 
Gilman, Nicholas. 
Gogdhue, Benjamin. 
Grout, Jonathan. 
Hartley, Thomas. 
Hathorn, John. 
Heister, Daniel. 
Huger, Daniel. 
Huntington, Benjamin. 
Jackson, James. 
Lawrence, .lohn. 
Lee, Richard Bland. 
1. Elected in place of 



Leonard, George. 
Livermore, Samuel. 
Madison, .lames. .Ir. 
Matthews, George. 
Moore, Andrew. 
JIuhlenberg, Peter. 
Page, John. 
Parker, Josiah. 
Partridge, George. 
Schuremau, James. 
Scott, Thomas. 
Sedgwick, Theodore. 
Seney, Joshua. 
Sevier, John. 
Sherman, Roger. 
Sinnickson. Thomas. 
Smith, William. 
Smith, William. 
Steele, John. 
Stone, Jlichael J. 
Sturges, Jonathan. 
Sumter, Thomas. 
Sylvester, Peter. 
Thatcher, George. 
Trumbull, Jonathan. 
Tucker, Thomas T. 
Van Rensselaer, Jeremiah. 
Vining, .John. 
Wads worth, Jeremiah. 
White, .\lexander. 
Williamson, Hugh. 
Wynkoop, Henry. 
Theodorick Bland, deceased. 



THE SECOND CONGRESS. 
Skn.vtors. 



John .l(?((nis, 
Bassett, Kichard. 
Bradley, Stcijlun R. 
Brown, John. 
Burr, Aaron. 
Butler, Pierce. 
Cabot, George. 
Carroll, Chailes. 
Dickenson. J'liiiemon. 
Edwards, John. 
Ellsworth, Oliver. 
Few, William. 
Foster, Theodore. 
Gnno, James. 



Viir-I'ii'siideitt. 
Hawkins, Benjamin. 
Henry, John. 
Izard, Ralph. 
Johnston, Samuel. 
King, Rufus. 
Langdon, John. 
Lee, Richaid II. 
-Monroe, James. 
.Morris, Robert. 
Potts, Richard. 1 
Read, George. 
Robinson. Moses. 
Rutherlbrd, John. 



Sherman, Roger.2 Taylor, John.3 

Stanton, Joseph, .Ir. Wingate, Paine. 

Strong, Caleb. 

1. Elected in place of Wiarles Carroll, resigned. 
•2. Elected in place of William S. .Tohnston, resigned. 
3. Elected in place of Richard H. Lee, resigned. 

ReI'HKSENTATIVES. 
Joniilhaii Tiiiiiibull, Speaker. 



Ames, Fisher. 
Ashe, John B. 
Baldwin, Abraham. 
Barnwell, Robert. 
Benson, Egbert. 
Boudinot, Elias. 
Bourne, Benjamin. 
Bourne, Shearjashub. 
Brown, .John. 
Clark, Abraham. 
Dayton, .lonathan. 
rindley, William. 
Fitzsimmons, Thomas. 
Gerry, Elbridge. 
Giles, William B. 
Gilman, Nicholas. 
Goodhue, Benjamin. 
Gordon, James. 
Groeniip, Christopher. 
Gregg, Andrew. 
Griffin, Samuel. 
Grove, William B. 
Hartley, Thomas. 
Heister, Daniel. 
Hillhonse, James. 
Hindman, William. 1 
Huger, Daniel. 
Jacobs, Israel. 
Key, Philip. 
Kitchell, Aaron. 
Kittera, John W. 
Lawrence, John. 
Learned, Amasa. 
Lee, Richard B. 
Leonard, George. 



Macon, Nathaniel. 
Madison, James. 
Mercer, John F.2 
Miles. Nathaniel. 
Milledge, John.3 
Moore, Andrew. 
Muhlenberg, P. A. 
Murray, William V. 
Orr, Alexander D. 
Page, John. 
Parker, Josiah. 
Pinkne.y, William. 
Schoonmaker, C. C. 
Sedgwick, Theodore. 
Sene.y, Joshua. 
Sheridine, Upton. 
Smith, Israel. 
Smith, Jeremiah. 
.Smith, William. 
Steele, .John. 
Sterritt, Samuel. 
Sturges, .Jonathan. 
Sumter, Thomas. 
Sylvester, Peter. 
Thatcher, George. 
Tredwell, Thomas. 
Tucker, Thomas T. 
Venable, Abraham B. 
Vining, John. 
Wadsworth, Jeremiah. 
Ward, Artemus. 
Wayne, Anthony. 
White, Alexander. 
Williamson, Hugh. 
Willis, Francis. 



2. 
3. 



Livermore, Samuel. 

1. Elected in place of .fohn Seney, resigned. 
Elected in place of William Pinkney, resigned. 
Elected in place of Anthony Wayne, whose seat wa.s 
declared vacant. 

THE THIRD CONGRESS. 

Sen.\tors. 
John Adams, Vice-President. 



Bradford, William. 
Bradley, Stephen R. 
Brown, John. 
Burr, Aaron. 
Butler, Pierce. 
Cabot, George. 
Edwards, John. 
Ellsworth, Oliver. 
Foster, Theodore. 



King, Rufus. 
Langdon, John. 
Latimer, Henry. 1. 
Livermore, Samuel. 
Martin, .Alexander. 
Mitchell, Stephen N.2 
Monroe, James. 
Morris, Robert. 
Potts, Richard. 



Frelinghuysen, Frederick. Robinson, Moses. 



Ross. James. 3 

Rutherford, John. 

Strong, Caleb. 

Taylor, John. 

Tazewell, Henry.'! 

Vining. .John. 
1. Elected in place of (ieorge Read, resigned. 2. 
Elected in place of Roger Slierman, deceased. 3. 
Elected in place of .Albert Gallatin, whose election 
was declared void. 4. Elected in place of John Tay- 
lor, resigned. 



Gallatin, .\lbert. 
Gunn, James. 
Hawkins, Benjamin 
Henry, John. 
Izard, Ralph. 
Jackson, .lames. 



TABULAE RECORDS. 



Representatives. 
Frederick A. Muhlenberg, Speakei: 



Ames, Fislier. 

Armstrong, James. 

Bailey, Theodoru.s. 

Baldwin, Abraham. 

Beattj", John. 

Benton, Lemuel. 

Blount, Thomas. 

Boudinot, Elias. 

Bourne, Benjamin. 

Bourne, Shearjashub. 

Cadwalader, Jjambert.. 

fames, Thomas 1". 

Christie, Gabriel. 

Claiborne, Thoma-s. 

Clark, Abraham. 

Cobb, David. 

Coffin, Pele^'. Jr. 

Coit, Joshua. 

Coles, Isaac. 

Dawson, William I. 

Dayton, Jonathan. 

Dearborn, Henry. 

Dent, George. 

De.xter, Samuel, Jr. 

Duvall, Gabriel. 1 

BMndley, William. 
Fitzsimmons, Thonuis. 
Forrest, Uriah. 
Foster, Dwight. 
Gilbert, Ezekiel. 
Giles, William B. 
Gillespie, James. 
Gillon, Alexander. 
Gilman, Nicholas. 
Glenn, Henry. 
Goodhae, Benjamin. 
Gordon, .Tames. 
Greenup, Christopher. 
Gregg, Andrew. 
Griffin, Samuel. 
Grove, William B. 
Hancock, George. 
Harper, Robert 0.2 
Harrison, Carter B. 
Hartley, Thomas. 
Heath, John. 
Heister, Daniel. 
Hillhouse, James. 
Hindman, William. 
Holten, Samuel. 
Hunter, .lohu. 
Irvine, William. 
Kitchel. Aaron. 3 
Kitt«ra, John W. 



Latimer, Henry.4 

Learned, Amasa. 

Lee, Richard B. 

Locke, Matthew. 

Lyman, William. 

Macon, Nathaniel. 

Madison, James. 

Malbone, Francis. 

McDowell, Joseph. 

Mebane, Alexander. 

Mercer, John F. 

Miles, Nathaniel. 

Montgomery, William. 

Moore, Andrew. 

Mnhlenherg, Peter. 

Murray, William Vans. 

Neville, Joseph. 

New, Anthony. 

Nicholas John. 

Orr, Alexander D. 

Page, John. 

Parker, .Tosiah. 

Patton, John. 

Pickens, Andrew. 

Pi"eston, Francis. 

Rufnerlbrd, Kobert. 
Scott, Thomas. 
Sedgwick, Theodore. 
Sherburne, John S. 
Smilie, John. 
Smith, Israel. 
Smith, Jeremiah. 
Smith, Samuel. 
Smith, William. 
Sprigg, Thomas. 
Swift, Zephaniah. 
Talbot, Silas. 
Thatcher, George. 
Tracy, Uriah. 
Tredwell, Thomas. 
Trumbull, Jonathan. 
Van Allen, John E. 
Van Cortlandt, Philip. 
Van Gaasbeck. Peter. 
Venable, Abraham. 
W.adsworth, Jeremiah. 
Wadsworth, Peleg. 
Walker, Francis. 
Ward, Artemus. 
Watts, John. 
Williams, Benjamin. 
Wingate, Paine. 
Winston, Joseph. 
Wynn, Richard. 



1. Elected in place ol" John F. Mercer, resigned. 

2. Elected in place of Alexander Gillon, deceased. 

3. Elected in place of Abraham Clark, deceased. 

4. Successfully contested the election of John Patton. 

Territorial Delegate. 
White, James. 

THE FOURTH CONGRESS. 

Sex.\tors. 
John Adams, Vice-President. 



Goodhue, Benjamin. 1 
Gunn, James. 
Henry, John. 
HilUiouse, James.2 
Howard, John E.3 
Hunter, John. 4 
Jackson, James. 
King, Rufus. 
Langdon, John. 
Latimer, Henry. 
Lawrence, John.5 
Livermore, Samuel. 
Marshall, Humphrey. 
Martin, Alexander. 
Mason, Stevens T. 



Potts, Richard. 
Read, Jacob. 
Robinson, Moses. 
Ross, James. 
Rutherford, John. 
Sedgwick, Theodore.6 
Stockton, Richard. 7 
Strong, Caleb. 
Tattnall, Josiah.8 
Tazewell, Henry. 
Tichenor, Isaac. 9 
Tracy, Uriah. 10 
Trumbull, Jonathan. 
Vining, John. 
Walton, George. 11 



Paine, Elijah. 

1. Elected in place of George Cabot, resigned. 2. 
Elected in place of Oliver Ellsworth, resigned. 3. 
Elected in place of Richard Potts, resigned. 4. 
Elected in place of Pierce Butler, resigned. 
5. Elected in place of Rufus King, resigned, n. 
Elected in place of Caleb Strong, resigned. 7. Elected 
in place of Frederick Frelinghuysen, resigned. 8. 
Elected in place of .Tames Jackson, resigned. 9. 
Elected in place of Moses Robinson, resigned. 
10. Elected in place of Jonathan Trumbull, re- 
signed. 11. Temporarily appointed in place of 
James .Jackson, resigned. 

Representatives. 

Jonathan Dayton, Speaker. 



Bingham, William. 
Bloodworth, Timothy. 
Blount, William. 
Bradford, William. 
Brown, John. 
Burr, Aaron. 



Butler, Pierce. 
Cabot, George. 
Coeke, William. 
Ellsworth, Oliver. 
Foster, Theodore. 
Frelinghuysen, Frederick. 



Ames, Fislier. 
Bailey, Theodorus. 
Baldwin, Abraham. 
Bard, David. 
Benton, Lemuel. 
Blount, Thomas. 
Bowne, Benjamin. 
Bradbury, Theophilus. 
Brent, Richard. 
Bryan, Nathan. 
Buck, Daniel. 
Bnrgess, Dempsey. 
Cabell, Samuel J. 
Christie, Gabriel. 
Claiborne, Thomas. 
Clopton, Johij. 
Coit, Joshua. 
Coles, Isaac. 
Cooper, William. 
Crabb, Jeremiah. 
Craik, William. 1 
Dana, Samuel W.2 
Davenport, James. 3 
Dearborn, Henry. 
Dent, George. 
Duvall, Gabriel. 
Earle, Samuel. 
Ege, George. 4 
Fendley, William. 
Foster, Abiel. 
Foster, Dvright. 
Franklin, .Jesse. 
Freeman, Nathaniel, Jr. 
Gallatin, Albert. 
Gilbert, Ezekiel. 
Giles, William B. 
Gillespie. .Tames. 
Gilman, Nicholas. 
Glen, Henry. 
Goodhue, Benjamin. 
(Joodrich, Ch.iuncey. 
Greenup, Christopher. 
Gregg, Andrew. 
Griswold, Roger. 



Groove, William B. 
Hampton, Wade. 
Hancock, George. 
Harper, Robert G. 
Harrison, Carter B. 
Hartley, Thomas. 
Hathorn, John. 
Haven*, Jonathan A. 
Heath, John. 
Heister, Daniel. 
Henderson, Thomas. 
Hillhouse, James. 
Hindman, William. 
Holland, James. 
Jackson, Andrew. 
Jackson, George. 
Kitehell. Aaron. 
Kittera, JohnW. 
Leonard, George. 
Livingstone, Edward. 
Locke, Matthew. 
LjTnan, Samuel. 
Lyman, WUliam. 
Maclay, James. 
Macon, Nathaniel. 
Madison, .Tames. 
Malbone, Francis. 
Milledge, John. 
Moore, Andrew. 
Morris, 'James. 
Muhlenberg, F. A. 
Murray, William V. 
New, Anthony. 
Nicholas, John. 
Orr, Alexander D. 
Page, .John. 
Parker, Josiah. 
Patton, John. 
Potter, Elisha R.5 
Preston, Francis. 
Reed, John. 
Richards, John.6 
Rutherford, Robert. 
Sedgwick. Theodore. 



TABULAE KECORDS. 



XXT 



Sherburne, John T. 
Sitgreaves, Samuel. 
Skinner, Thomas J.7 
Smith, Isaac. 
Smith, Israel. 
Smith, Jeremiah. 
Smith, Nathaniel. 
Smith, Samuel. 
Smith, William. 
Sprigg, Richard. Jr.S 
Sprigg, Thomas. 
Strudwick, William. 9 
Swanwick, John. 



Swift, Zephaniah. 
Tatom, Absalom. 
Thatcher, George. 
Thom.is, Richard. 
Thompson, Mark. 
Tracy, Uriah. 
Van Allen, John E. 
Van Cortlandt, Philip. 
Vanium, Joseph B. 
Venable, Abraham. 
Wadsworth, I'eleg. 
Williams, John. 
Wvnn, Kicliard. 



1. Elected in place of Jeremiah Crabb, resigned. 
2. Elected in place of Uriah Tracy, resigned. 3. 
Elected in place of James Hillhouse, resigned. 4. 
Elected in place of Daniel Heister, resigned. 5. 
Elected in place of Benjamin Bourne, resigned. 6. 
Successfully contested the election of James Morris. 

7. Elected in place of Theodore Sedgwick, resigned. 

8. Elected in place of Gabriel Duvall, resigned. 9. 
Elected in place of Absalom Tatom, resigned. 

THE FIFTH CONGRESS. 

Senators. 

Thomas Jefferson, Vice-President. 



Anderson, Joseph.l 
Bingham, William. 
Bloodworthy, Timothy. 
Blount, William. 
Bradford, William. 
Brown, John. 
Chipman, Nathaniel.2 
Clayton, Joshua. 3 
Cocke, William. 
Davenport, Franklin. 4 
Foster, Theodore. 
Goodhue, Benjamin. 
Greene, Ray. 5 
Gimn, James. 
Henry, John. 
Hillhouse, James. 
Hobart, John S.6 
Howard, ,Tohn E. 
Hunter, .Tohn. 
Jackson, Andrew. 
Langdon, John. 
Latimer, Henry. 
Lawrence, John. 

1. Elected in place of William Blount, e.xpelled. 
2. Elected in place of Isaac Tichenor, resigned. 3. 
Elected in place of John Vining, resigned. 4. 
Appointed in place of John Rutherford, resigned. .5. 
Elected in place of William Bradford, resigned, (i. 
Elected in place of Philip Schuyler, resigned. 
7. Elected in place of John Henry, resigned. 8. 
Appointed in pliice of John S. Hobart, resigned. 
9. Elected in place of John Hunter, resigned. 10. 
Elected in place of Andrew Jackson, resigned. 11. 
Elected in place of .John S. Hobart, resigned. 12. 
Elected in place of Joshua Clayton, deceased. 

RErKESf:STATIVKS. 

Jonaihin Dayton, Speaker. 



Livermore, Samuel. 
Lloyd, James.7 
Marshall, Humphrey. 
Martin, Alexander. 
Mason, Stevens T. 
North, William,8 
Paine, Elijah. 
Pinckney, Charles. 9 
Read, Jacob. 
Ross, James, 
Rutherford, John, 
Schuyler, Philip. 
Sedgwick, Theodore. 
Smith, Daniel. 10 
Stockton, Richard. 
Tattnall, Josiah. 
Tazewell, Henry. 
Tichenor, Isaac. 
Tracy, Uriah. 
Vining, John. 
Watson, James. 11 
Wells, William H.12 



Allen, John. 
Baer, George W. 
Baldwin, Abraham. 
Bard, David. 
Bartlett, Bailey. 1 
Bayard, John A. 
Benton, Lemuel. 
Blonnt, Thomas. 
Brace, Jonathan. 2 



Bradbury, Theophilus. 
Brent, Richard. 
Brooks, Da^^d. 
Brown, Robert. 3 
Bryan, Nathan. 
Bullock, Stephen. 
Burgess, Dempsey. 
Cabell, Samuel J. 
Champlin, Christopher (! 



Chapman, John. 
Claiborne, Thomas. 
Claiborne, William C. C. 
Clay, Matthew. 
Clopton, John. 
Cochran, James. 
Coit, Joshua. 
Craik, William. 
Dana, Samuel W. 
Davenport, James. 
Davis. Thomas T. 
Dawson, .John. 
Dennis, John. 
Dent, George. 
Edmond, William.4 
Ege, George. 
Eggleston, Joseph. 5 
Elmendorph, Lucas. 
Evans, Thomas. 
Findley, William. 
Foster, Abiel. 
Foster, Dwight. 
Fowler, John. 
Freeman, Jonathan. 
Freeman, Nathaniel, Jr. 
Gallatin, Albert. 
Giles, William B. 
Gillespie, James. 
Glen, Henry. 
Goodrich, Chauncey. 
Gordon, William. 
Gregg, Andrew. 
Griswold, Roger. 
Grove, William B. 
Hanna. .Tohn A. 
Harper, Robert G. 
Harrison, Carter B. 
Hartley, Thomas. 
Havens, Jonathan N. 
Heister, Joseph. 
Hindman, William. 
Holmes, David. 
Hosmer. Hezekiah L. 
Imlay, James H. 
Jones, Walter. 
Kittera, John W. 
Livingstone, Edward. 
Locke, Matthew. 
Lyman, Samuel. 



Lyon, Matthew. 
Machir, James. 
Macon, Nathaniel. 
Matthews, William. 
M'Clenachan, Blair. 
McDonald, Joseph. 
Milledge, John. 
Morgan, Daniel. 
Morris, Lewis E. 
New, Anthony. 
Nicholas, John. 
Otis, Harrison G. 
Parker, Isaac. 
Parker, Josiah. 
Pinckney, Thomas.7 
Potter, Elisha K. 
Reed, John. 
Rutledge, John, Jr. 
Schureman, James. 
Sewall, Samuel. 
Shepard, William. 
Sinnickson, Thomas. 
Sitgreaves, Samuel. 
Skinner, Thomas J. 
Smith, Jeremiah, 
Smith, Nathaniel. 
Smith, Samuel. 
Smith, William. 
Smith, William. 
Spaight, Richard D.8 
Sprague, Peleg.9 
Sprigg, Rich.ard, Jr. 
Stanford, Richard. 
Sumter, Thomas. 
Swanmck, John. 
Thatcher, George. 
Thomas, Richard. 
Thompson, Mark. 
Tillinghast, Thomas.lO 
Trigg, Abram. 
Trigg, John. 
Van Allen, John E. 
Van Cortlandt, Philip. 
Varnum, Joseph B. 
Venable, Abraham. 
Wadsworth, Peleg. 
Wain, Robert. 11 
Williams, John. 
Williams, Robert. 



1. Elected in place of Theophilus, Bradbury, re- 
signed. 2. Elected in place of Joshua Coit, deceased. 
3. Elected in place of Samuel Sitgreaves, resigned. 4. 
Elected in place of James Davenport, deceased. 
5. Elected in place of William B. Giles, resigned. C. 
Elected in place of George Ege, resigned. 7. Elected 
in place of William Smith, resigned. 8. Elected in 
place of Nathan Bryan, deceased. 9. Elected in 
place of Jeremiah Smith, resigned. 10. Elected 
in place of Elisha R. Potter, resigned. 11. Elected io 
place of John Swanwick, resigned. 

THE SIXTH CONGRESS. 

Senators. 

Thomas Jefferson, Vice-President. 



Anderson, Joseph.l 
Armstrong, John. 2 
Baldwin, Abraham. 
Bingham, William. 
Bloodworth, Timothy. 
Brown, John. 
Chipman, Nathaniel. 
Cocke, William. 
Dayton, Jonathan. 



Dexter, Samuel. 
Foster, Dwiglit.3 
Foster, Theodore. 
Franklin, Jesse. 
Goodhue, Benjami:. 
Green, Ray. 
Gunn, James. 
Hillhouse, James. 
Hindman, William.4 



TABULAK UECUKDS. 



Howiud, John E. 
Langtlon, Johu. 
Latimer, Henry. 
Lawrence, John. 
Lirermore, Samuel. 
Lloyd, James. 
Marshall, Humplney. 
Mason, Jonathan. 5 
Mason, Stephen T. 
Morris, Gouverneur.6 



Nicholas, William C.7 
Ogden, Aaron. y 
Paine, Elijaii. 
Pinekney, t'liarles. 
Read, Jacob. 
Ross, James. 
Scluireman, James. 
Tracy, L^riali. 
"Watson, .lames. 
Wells, William H. 



1. Elected in place of Andrew Jackson, resigned. 
2. Elected in place of John Lawrence, resigned. 3. 
Elected in place of Samuel Dexter, resigned. 4. 
ElectedinplaceofJamesLloyd, resigned. 5. Elected 
in place of Benjamin Goodhue, resigned. 6. Elected 
in place of James Watson, resigned. 7. Elected in 
place of Henry Tazewell, decea.sed. 8. Elected in 
place of James Schureniau, resigned. 

Representatives. 
Theodore Scih/eivick, .Speaker. 



Alston, Willis, Jr. 
Baer, George. 
Bailey, Theodorus. 
Bartlett, Bailey. 
Bayard, James A. 
Bird, John, 
Bishop, Phiinuel. 
Brace, Jonathan. 
Brown, John 
Brown, Robert. 
Cabell, Samuel J. 
Champlin, Christopher. 
Christie, Gabriel. 
Claiborne, William C. C. 
Clay, Mathew. 
Condit, John. 
Cooper, William. 
Clark, William. 
Dana, Samuel W. 
Davenport. F'ranklin. 
Davenport, Jolin. 
Dav s, Thomas F. 
Daw son, John. 
Demis, John. 
Dent, George. 
Dixon, .Joseph. 
Edmond, William. 
Eggleston, Joseidi. 
Elmendorf, Lucas. 
Evans, Thomas. 
Foster, Abiel. 
Foster, Dwight. 
Fowler, John. 
Freeman, Jonathan. 
Gallatin, All>crt. 
Glenn, Henry. 
Goode, Samuel. 
Goodrich, Chaunecy. 
Goodrich, Elizur. 
Gordon, William. 
Gray, Edwin. 
Gregg, Andrew. 
Griswold, Roger. 
Grove, William 1!. 
Hanna, John A. 
Harper, Robert G. 
Hartley, Thomas. 
Heister, Joseph. 
.Henderson, Archibald. 
Hill, William H. 
Holmes, David. 
Huger, Benjamin. 
Imlay, James H. 



Jackson, George. 

Jones. James. 

Kitchell, .\aron. 

Kittera, John N. 

Lee, Henry. 

Lee, Silas, 

Leib, Mitchell. 

Lincoln, Levi.l 

Livingston, Edward, 

Lyman, Samuel. 

Lynn, James. 

Lyon, Mathew. 

Macon Nathaniel. 

Marshall, John. 

Mattoon, Ebenczer.2 

Morris, Lewis R'. 

Muhlenberg, Peter. 

New, Anthony. 

Nicholas, .John. 

Nicholson, Joseph H. 

Nott, Abraham. 

Otis, Harrison, G. 

Page, Robert. 

Parker, Isaiah. 

Pinckney, Thomas. 

Piatt, Jones. 

Powell, Levin. 

K'andolph. John. 
Reed, Nathan. 3 
Reed, Johu. 
Rutledge, .John, Jr. 
Sewell, Samuel. 
Sheaf, James. 
Shepard, William. 
.Smiley, .John. 
Smith. .John. 
Smith John C.4 
Smith, Samuel. 
Spraight, Richard D. 
Stanford, Richard. 
Stewart, .John. 5 
Stone, David. 
Sumter, Thomas. 
Talliaferro, Benjamin. 
Tazewell, Littleton. W.(j 
Tennej', Samuel. 7 
Thatcher, George. 
Thomas, John. 
Thomas, Richard. 
Thompson, John. 
Trigg, Abraham. 
Trigg, John. 
Van Cortland. Philip. 



Varnum, Joseph B. Williams, Lemuel. 

Wadsworth, Peleg. Williams, Robert. 

Wain, Robert. Woods, Henry. 

1. Elected in place of Dwight Foster, elected Sena- 
tor. 2. Elected 111 place of S^amuel Lyman, resigned. 
3. Elected in place of Samuel Sewell, resigned. 4. 
Elected in jjlace of Jonathan Brace, resiguen. ">. 
Elected in piace of Thomas Hartley, deceaseil.^ 6. 
Elected in place of John Mai-shall, resigned. 7. 
Elected in place of William (iordon, resigned. 

Territorial Deltqaieg. 
Harrison, Wm. H. .Me.Miller, William! 

1. Elected in place of AV'illiam H. Harrison, re- 
signed. 

THE SEVENTH CONGRESS. 

Sex.\toes. 

Aaron Burr, Vice-President. 



Anderson, Joseph. 
Armstrong, John. 
Baldwin, Abraham. 
Bradley, Stephen R.l 
Breckenridge, John. 
Brown, John. 
Calhoun, John E. 
Chipman, Nathaniel. 
Clinton, DeWitt.2 
Cocke, William. 
D.ayton, Jonathan. 
EUery, Christopher. 3 
Foster, Dwight. 
Foster, Theodore. 
Franklin, Jesse. 
Green, Ray. 
Hillhouse, .James. 
Hindmau, William. 
Howard, John E. 



.Jackson, James 
JjOgan, George H. 1 
iMasou. Jonathan. 
Mason, Stephen F. 
Morris, Gouverneur. 
Muhlenberg, Peter. 
Nicholas, William C. 
Ogden, Aaron. 
Olcott, Simeon.5 
Pinckney, Charles. 
Plummer, William. 6 
Ross, James. 
Sheafe, James. 
Stone, David. 
Sumter, Thomas. 7 
Tracv, Uriah. 
Wells, William. 
White, Samuel. 



2. 



Wright, Robert. 
1. Elected in place of Elijah Paine, resignecl. 
Elected in place of .John .Armstrong, resigned. 
Elected in place of Ray Green, resigned. 4. Elected 
in place of Peter Muhlenberg, resigned, 
in place of Samuel Livermore, resigned, 
in place of .Joseph Sheafer, resigned. 7. 
place of Charles Pinckney, resigned. 

Representatives. 
Nathaniel Macon, Speaker, 



5. Elected 

6. ]:iecteil 
Elected in 



Alston, AVillis. 
Archer, John. 
Bacon, John. 
Bailey, Theodoras. 
Bayard, James A. 
Bishop. Phanuel. 
Bond, Thomas. 
Bowie, Walter. 
Brent, Richard. 
Brown, Robert. 
Butler, William. 
Cabell, Samuel J. 
Campbell, John. 
Claiborne. Thomas. 
Clay, Mathew. 
Clogston, John. 
Condit, John. 
Cutler, Mana.s.sali. 
Cutis, Richard. 
Dana, Samuel W. 
Davenport, John. 
Davis, Thomas F. 
Dawson, John. 
Dennis, John. 



Dickson, William. 
Early, Peter. 1 
Elmendorf, Lucas. 
Elmer, EJienezer. 
Eustis. William. 
Foster, Abiel. 
Fowler, John. 
Giles, William B. 
Goddard, Calvin. 
Graj', Edv/in. 
Gregg, Andrew. 
Griswold, Royer. 
Grove, William B. 
Hanna, John \ 
Hastings, Seth. 
Heister, Daniel. 
Heister, .Joseph. 
Helms, William. 
Hemphill, Jo.seph. 
Hendei-son, Archibald. 
Hill, William H. 
Hoge, William. 
Holland, James. 
Holmes, David. 



TABULAK KECOKUS. 



Hnger, Benjamin. 
Hunt, Samuel. 2 
Jackson, George. 
Johnsou, Charles. 
Jones, William. 
Lee, Silas. 
Leib, Mitchell. 
, Lowndes, Thomas. 
Mattoon, Ebenezer. 
Merriwetber David. 3 
Milledj^e, John. 
Mitchell, Samuel L. 
Moore, Thomas. 
Morris, Lewis R. 
Morris, Thomas. 
Mott, James. 
New, Anthony. 
Newton, Thoma-s, Jr. 
Nicholsen, Joseph H. 
Perliins, Elias. 
Pierce, Joseph. 
Plater, Thomas. 
Randolph, John. 
Reed, Nathan. 
Rutledge, .John. 
Shepard, William. 
Smilie, John. 
Smith, Israel, 
Smith. John. 
Smith, John. 
Smith. John C. 
Smith, .lacoh. 



Smith, Samuel. 
Southard. Henry. 
Spriggs, Kichard. 
Staulbrd, Richard. 
Stanley', John. 
Stanton, Joseph, Jr. 
Stewart, John. 
Stratton, John. 
Sumter, Tlionias.t 
Talliaferro, Benjamin. 
Talliaferro, John, .Ir. 
Tallmadge, Benjamin. 
Tenny, Samuel. 
Thatcher, Samuel. 5 
Thompson, David. 
Thompson, Pliilip R. 
Tillinghast, Thomas, 
Trigg, Abram. 
Trigg, John. 
Uphaui, George. 
Van Cortland, Philip. 
Van Home, Isaac. 
Van New, John P. 
Van Rensselaer, Killian K. 
Varnum, Joseph B. 
Wadsworth, Peleg. 
Walker, Benjamin. 
Williams, Lemuel. 
Williams, K'obert. 
Winu, Richard. 6 
Woods, Henry. 



Wynn, Tlionias." 

1. Elected in place of" John Milledge, resigned. 2. 

Elected in place of .Toseph Pierce, resigned. :!. 

Elected in place of Benjamin Taliaferro, resigned. 

4. Elected in place of Charles Pinckney, resigned. 

5. Elected in place of Silas Lee, resigned. 6. Elected 
in place of Thomas Sumter, resigned. 7. Elected in 
place of Charles Johnson, deceased. 

THE EIGHTH CONGRESS. 

Senators. 

Aaron Burr, Vice-President. 



Adams, John Quincy. 
Anderson, J<iseph. 
Armstrong, .l.ohn.l 
Bailey, Theodcrus. 
Baldwin, Abraham. 
Bayard, James A. 2 
Bradley, Stephen R. 
Breckenridge, John. 
Brown. .Tohn. 
Butler, Pierce.3 
Clinton, De Witt. 
Cocke, AVilliam. 
Condit, John. 
Dayton, Jonathan. 
Ellery, Christoi)her. 
Franklin, Jessi- 
Gaillard, John. 4 
Giles, William B.5 
Hillhonse, James. 
Howland, Benjamin. 6 
Jackson. .lames. 



Maclay, Samuel L. 
Mitchell. Samuel L.7 
Moore, Andrew. ^< 
Nicholas, William < '. 
Olcott, Simeon. 
Pickering, Timotliy !) 
Plummer, William. 
Potter, .'Samuel. 
Smith, Israel. 
Smith, John.lO 
Smith, John. 
Smith, Samuel. 
Stone, David. 
Sumter, Tliomas. 
Taylor. John. 11 
Tracv, Uriah. 
Venable. Abraham B.12 
Wells. William. 
White, Samuel. 
Wright, Robert. 
Worthington, Thomas. 



tested the election of Thomas I^ewis; appointed Sen- 
ator in place of Wilson C. Nicholas, resigned.' 9. 
Elected in place of Dwight Foster, resigned. 10. 
Elected in place of De Witt Clinton, resigned. 11. 
Appointed in place of Stevens T. .Mason, deceased. 
12. Elected in place of Stevens T. Ma.son, deceased. 

Representatives. 

Nathaniel Macon, Speaker. 



Logan, George. 

1. Appointed in place of De Witt Clinton, resigned ; 
Elected in place of Theodorus Bailey, resigned. 
2. Elected in placeofW.H.Wells,resigned. 3. Elect- 
ed in place of .lohn C. Calhoun, deceased. 4. Elected 
in place of Fierce Butler, resigned. 5. Elected in 
place of Wilson C. Nicholas, resigned; appointed in 
place of Abraham B. Venable, resigned. 6. Elected 
in place of S. J. Potter, deceased. 7. Elected in place 
of John Armstrong, resigned. 8. Sncccssfully con- 



Alexander, Nathaniel. 
.\lston, William, Jr. 
Andrew, Isaac. 
Archer, John. 
Baldwin, Sinjeon. 
Bard, David. 
Bediugton, George M. 
Betton, Silas. 
Bisliop, I'hanuel. 
Blackledge, William. 
Bowie, ^\ alter. 
Boyle, John. 
Boyd, Adam. 
Brown, Robert. 
Bryan. .James. 
Butler, William. 
Campbell, George AV. 
Campbell, .John. 
Case}', Levi. 
Chamberlain, William. 
Chittenden, Martin. 
Claiborne, Tliunias. 
Clark, Ci. .iopher.l 
Clay, Matthew. 
Clay, Joseph. 
Clagget, Clifton. 
Clinton, George, Jr.2 
Clopton, John. 
Conrad, Frederick. 
Crowninshield. .Jacob. 

Cutts, Richard. 

Cutler, JIan.assah. 

Dana, Samuel W. 

Davenport, John. 

Dawson, John. 

Dennis, John. 

Dickson, William. 

Dwight, Thomas. 

Early, John B. 

Early, Peter. 

Elliott, James. 

Elmer, Ebenezer. 

Epps, John W. 

Eustis, William. 

Findlay, WiUuim. 

Fowler, John. 

Gillespie, James. 

Goddard. Calvin. 

Goodwin. Peterson. 

Gray, Edwin. 

Gregg, .\ndrew. 

Griffin, Thomas. 

Griswold, (Jaylord. 

Griswold, Roger. 

Hammond, Saninei. 

Hampton. Wade. 

Hanna, John A. 

Hasbrouck. Josiah. 

Hastings, Seth. 

Heister, Daniel. 

Heister, Joseiih. 

Helms, William. 

Hogc, .John. 3 

Hoge, AVilliam. 

Holland, .James. 

Holmes, David. 



Hough, Davjd. 
Huger, Benjamin. 
Hunt, Samuel. 
Jackson, .John G. 
.lones, AValter. 
Kennedy, AVilliam. 
Knight, Nehemiah. 
Earned, Simon. 4 
Leib, Mitchell. 
Lewis, Joseph, Jr. 
Lewis, Thomas. 
Livingston, Henry AV. 
Loundes, Thonia.s. 
Lucas, John B. C. 
Lyon, Mathew. 
McCord, Andrew. 
McCreery, William. 
Merriwether, David. 
Mitchell, Nahum. 
Mitchell, Samuel L. 
Moore, Andrew. 5 
Moore, Nicholas R. 
Moore, Thomas. 

Morrow, .Jeremiah. 

Mott, James. 

Nelson, Roger, (i. 

New, -Anthony. 

Newton, Thomas. 

Nicholson, Joseph H. 

Olin, Gideon. 

Palmer, Beriah. 

Patterson, John. 

Phelps, Oliver. 

Plater, Thomas. 

Purviance, Samuel D. 

Randolph, John. Jr. 

Randolph, Thomas M 

Rea, John. 

Rhea, John. 

Richards, .Jacob. 

Ricker, Samuel. 7 

Rodney, C«.sar. 

Root. Erasmus. 

.Sammons. Thomas. 

Sanlbrd. Thomas. 

Sands, Joshua. 

Seaver, Ebenezer. 

Skinner, Thonipsim, Jr. 

Sloane, James. 

Smilie, .John. 

Smith, .John. 

Smith, John. 

Smith, John C. 

Southard, Henry. 

Stanford, Kieli;.id. 

Stanton, Josepli. 

Steadman, AVilliam. 

Stephenson, John. 

Stewart, Jolin. 

Taggart, Samuel. 

Tallmadge, Benjamii?. 

Tenny, Samuiil 

Thatcher, Saniu«5. 

Thomas, David. 

Thompson, Philip K. 

Tibbitts, George. 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



Trigg, Abram. Walton, Jlatthevv. 

Trigg, John. 8 Whitehall, John. 

Van Cortland, Philip. Williams, Lemuel. 
Van Home, Isaac. Williams. Marmsduke. 

Van Rensselaer, Killian K.Wilson, Ale.xander. 
Varnum, .loseph B. Winn, Richard. 

Verplank, Daniel C. Winston, .lo.sepli. 

Wadsworth, Peleg. Wynn, Thomas. 

1. Elected in place of John Trigg, deceased. 2. 
Elected in place of S. L. Mitchell, elected Senator. 
3. Elected ia place of William Hoge, resigned. 4. 
Elected in place of T. J. Skinner, resigned. 5. Suc- 
cessfully contested the seat of Thomas Lewis. 6. 
Elected in place of Daniel Heister, deceased. 7. 
Elected in place of John Smith, elected Senator. 
8. Elected in place of Andrew Moore, elected Senator 

Territorial Delegate. 

Lattimer, William. 

THE NINTH CONGRESS. 

Sbnatoks. 
George Clinton, Vice-President. 



Mitchell, Samuel L. 
Moore, Andrew. 
Pickering, Timothy. 
Plummer, William. 
Reed, Philip. 4 
.•^mith, David. 
Smith, Israel. 
Smith, John. 
Smith, John. 
Smith, Samuel. 
Stone, David. 
Sumter, Thomas. 
Thruston, Buckner. 
Tracey, Uriah. 
Turner, James. 
White, Samuel. 
WorthingtoQ, Thomas 
Wright, Robert. 



Adair, John.l 
Adams, John Quincy. 
Anderson, Joseph. 
Baldwin, Abraham, 
Bayard, James .\. 
Bradley, Stephen R. 
Clay, Henryta 
Condit, John. 
Fennis, James. 
Oaillard, John. . 
Giles, William B. 
Oilman, Nicholas. 
Hillhouse, James. 
Howland, Benjamin. 
Jackson, James. 
Kitchell, Aaron. 
Logan, George. 
Maclay, Samuel. 
Milledge, John.3 

1. Elected in place of .John Breckenridge, resigned. 
2. Elected in place of John Adair, resigned. 3. 
Elected in place of .Tames Jackson, resigned. 4. 
Elected in place of Robert Wright, resigned. 

Repkesentattves. 
Nathaniel Macon, Speaker. 



Alexander, Evan.l 
Alston, Willis, Jr. 
Anderson, Isaac. 
Archer, John. 
Barker, Joseph. 
Bard, David. 
Bassett, Burwell. 
Bedinger, George W. 
Betton, Silas. 
Bibb, William W.2 
Bidwell, Barnabus. 
Bishop, Phanuel. 
Blackledge, William. 
Blake, John, Jr. 
Blount, Thomas- 
Boyle, John. 
Broom, James M. 
Brown, Robert. 
Bryan, Joseph. 
Burwell, William A.3 
Butler, William. 
Campbell, George W. 
Campbell, John. 
Casey, Levi. 



Chandler, John. 
Chittenden, Martin. 
Claiborne, John. 
Clark, Christopher. 
Clay, .Toseph. 
Clay, Mather. 
Clinton, George, Jr. 
Clopton, John. 
Courad, Frederick. 
Cook, Orch.ard. 
Covington, Leonard. 

Crowninshield, Jacob. 

Cutts, Richard. 

Dana, Samuel W. 

Darby, Ezra. 

Davenport, John, Jr. 

Dawson, John. 

Dickson, William. 

Dwight, Theodore.4 

Earle, Ellas. 

Early, Peter. 

Ellicitt, .Tames. 

Ellis. Caleb. 

Elmer, Ebenczer. 



Quincy, Josiah. 
Randolph, John. 
Randolph, Thomas .\I. 
Rhea, John. 
Rhea, John. 
Richards, Jacob. 
Russell, John. 
Sailly, Peter. 
Sammons, Thomas. 
Sanford, Thomas. 
Shureman, Martin G. 
Seaver, Ebenezer. 
Sloan, James. 
Smelt, Deunis.7 
Smilis, John. 
Smith, John. 
Smith, .John C. 
Smith, O'Brian. 
Smith, Samuel. 
Southard, Henry. 
Stanford, Richard. 
Stanton, Joseph. 
.Spalding, Thomas.S 
Stedman, William. 
Sturgis, Lewis B. 
Taggart, Samuel. 
Tallmadge, Benjamin. 
Terry, Samuel. 
Thomas, David. 
Thompson, Philip R. 
Thompson, Thomas W. 
Tracey, Uriah. 
Trigg, Abram. 
Van Cortland, Philip. 
Van Rensselaer, Killian K. 
Varnum, Joseph B. 
Verplank, Daniel C. 
Wadsworth, Peleg 
Walton, Matthew. 
Whitehill, John. 
Whitehill, Robert. 
Wickes, Eliphalet. 
Williams, David R. 
Williams, Marmaduke. 
Williams, Nathan. 
Wilson, Ale-xauder. 
Winn, Richard. 
Winston, .losiah. 
Wynn, Thomas. 



Ely, William. 
Epps, John W. 
Findley, William. 
Fisk, James. 
Fowler, John. 
Garrett, James M. 
Goldborough, Charles. 
Goodwyn, Peterson. 
Gray, Edwin. 
Greer, Isaiah L. 
Gregg, Andrew. 
Haley, Silas. 
Hamilton, John. 
Hastings, Seth. 
Helms, Williams. 
Holland, James. 
Holmes, David. 
Hough, David. 
Jackson, John G. 
.Tones, Walter. 
Keenan, Thomas. 
Kelly, James. 
Knight, Nehemiah. 
Lambert, John. 
Leib, Michael. 
Lewis, Joseph, Jr. 
Livingston, Henry W. 
Lloyd, Edward. 5 
Lyon, Mathew. 
Magrnder, Patrick. 
Marion, Robert. 
Masters, Josiah. 
McCreery, William. 
McFarLind, Duncan. 
Mead, Cowles. 
Merriwether, David. 
Moore, Nicholas R. 
Moore, Thomas. 
Morrow, Jeremiah. 
Morrow, John. 
Mosely, Jonathan A. 
Mumford, Gordon S. 
Nelson, Jeremiah. 
Nelson, Roger. 
Newton, Thomas Jr. 
Nicholson, Joseph H. 
01 in, Gideon. 
Pitkin, Timothy. 
Porter, John. 6 
Pugh, John. 

1. Elected in place of Nathaniel Alexander, elected 
Governor. 2. Elected in place of Thomas Spaulding, 
resigned. 3. Elected in place of Christopher Clark, 
resigned. 4. Elected in place of J. C. Smith, re- 
signed. 5. Elected in place of J. H. Nicholson, 
resigned. 6. Elected in place of Michael Leib, 
resigned. 7. Elected in the place of .Toseph Bryan, 
resigned. 8. Successfully contested the seat of Cowles 
.Mead. 



( 'lark, Daniel. 
Lattimore, William 



Territorial Delegates. 

Parke, Benjamin 



THE TENTH CONGRESS. 

SENATOKS. 
George Clinton, Vice-President. 



.Vdams, John Quincy. 
Anderson, John. 
Bayard, Joseph A. 
Bradley, Stephen R. 
Condit, John. 
Crawford. William H.l 



Franklin, .Tesse. 
GaUlard, .John, 
Giles, William B. 
Oilman, Nicholas. 
Goodrich, Chauno.ey.2 
Gregg, Andrew. 



TABULAR KECOKDS. 



HillhoHse, Janles. 
Howland, Benjamiu. 
Jones, George. 3 
Kitchell, Aaron. 
Leib, Mitchell.4 
Lloyd, James.5 
Maclay, Samuel. 
Matthewson, Klisha.G 
Meigs, .TonatbaiiK.7 
Milledge, John. 
Mitchell, Samuel L. 
Moore, Andrew. 
Parker, Nahum, 



Pickering, Timotliy. 
Pope, John. 
Eeed, Philip. 
Robinson, i>iiathan.8 
Smith, Daniel. 
Smitli, John. 
Smitli, .Tohn. 
Smith, Samuel. 
Sumter, Thomas. 
Thurston, Buckner. 
Tiflin, Edward. 
Turner, James. 
White, Samuel. 



1. Elected in place of Abraham Baldwin, deceased. 
2. Elected in place of Uriah Tracy, deceased. :!. 
Appointed in place of Abraham Baldwin, deceased. 
4. Elected in place of Samuel Maclay, resigned. 5. 
Elected in place of John Q. Adams, resigned, (i. 
Elected in place of James Turner, elected Governor. 
7. Elected in place of John Smith, resigned. 8. 
Elected in place of Israel Smith, resigned. 

Representatives. 
Joseph B. Vamum, Speaker. 



Alexander, Evan. 
Alston, Lemuel, Jr. 
Alston, Willis, .Ir. 
Bacon, Ezekiel 
Bard, David. 
Barker, Joseph. 
Bassett, Burwell. 
Bibb, William W. 
Boyd, Adam.l 
Boyle, John. 
Blake, John. 
Blakledge, William. 
Blount, Thomas. 
Brown, Robert. 
Burwell, William A. 
Butler, William. 
Campi)ell, George W. 
Campbell, John. 
Calhoun, Joseph. 
Carleton, Peter. 
Champion, Epaphroditus. 
Chandler, John. 
Chittenden, Martin. 
Claiborne, John. 
Clay, Joseph. 
Clay, Mathew. 
Clinton, George, .Tr. 
Clopton. John. 
Cook, Orchard. 
Cjbb, Howell. 
Crowninshield, Jacob. 
Culpepper, John. 
Cutts, Richard. 
Dana, Samuel W. 
Darby, Ezra. 
Davenport, John, Jr. 
Dawson, John. 
Dcane, Josiah. 
Desha, Joseph. 
Durell, Daniel M. 
Elliot, James. 
Ely, William. 
Epps, John W. 
Fisk. Jame.s. 
Findley, William. 
Franklin, Meshack. 
Gardenier, Barnett. 
Gardner, Fraricis. 
Garnett, James. 
Gholson, Thomas, Jr. 2 



Goldsborough, Cliarles. 
Goodwin, Peterson. 
Gray, Edwin. 
Green, Isaiah L. 
Harris, John. 
Heister, John. 
Helms, William. 
Hoge, William. 
Holland, .lames. 
Holmes, David. 
Howard, Benjamin 
Humphreys, Reuben. 
Ilsey, Daniel. 
Jackson, John G. 
Jackson, Richard S.3 
Jenkins, Robert. 
Johnson, Richard M. 
Jones, Walter. 
Kelly, James. 
Keenan, Thomas. 
Key, Philip B. 
Kirkpatrick, Wm. 
Knight, Nehemiah. 
Lambert, John. 
Lewis, Joseph, Jr. 
Livermore,Edward St. Loe. 
Lloyd, Edward. 
Love, Guy. 
Lyon, Mathew. 
Macon, Nathaniel. 
Marion, Robert. 
Masters, Josiah. 
McCreery, William. 
Milledge, John. 
Milnor, William. 
Montgomery, David. 
Montgomery, John. 
Moore, Nicholas R. 
Moore, Thomas. 
Morrow, Jeremiah. 
Morrow, Jolin. 
Moseloy, Jonathan (). 
Mumford, Gurdon S. 
Nelson, Roger. 
Newbold, Thomas. 
Newton, Thomas, Jr. 
Nicholas, Wilson C. 
Pitkin, Timothy. 
Porter, John. 
Pugh, John. 



Quincy, Josiah. 
Randolph, John. 
Rea, John. 
Khea, John. 
Richards, .Tacob. 
Richards. Mathew. 
Ricker, Samuel. 
Rowan, John. 
Russell, John. 
Sawyer, Lemuel. 
Say, Benjamin. 4 
Seaver, Ebenezer. 
Shaw, Samuel.5 
Sloan, James. 
Smelt, Dennis. 
Smilie, John. 
Smith, Jedediah. 
Smith, John. 
Smith, Samuel. 
Southard, Henry. 
Stanford, Richard. 
Stedman, William. 
Story, Joseph. 6 
Stover, Clement. 



Sturges, Lewis B. 

Swart, Peter. 

Taggert, Samuel. 

Tallmadge, Benjamin. 

Taylor, John. 

Thomas, David. 

Thompson, John. 

Troup, George M. 

Upham, Jabez. 

Van Allen, James .T. 

Van Cortland, Philip. 

Van Dyke, Nicholas. 

Van Home, Archibald. 

Van RensseliEr, KillianK 

Verplank, Daniel C. 

Wharton, Jesse. 

Whitehall, Robert. 

Wilbour, Isaac. 

Williams, David R. 

Williams, Marmaduke. 

Wilson, Alexander. 

Wilson, Nathan. 

Winn, Richard. 

Withcrall, .Tames. 
1. Elected in place of Ezra Darby, deceased. 2. 
Elected in place of John Claiborne, deceased. 3. 
Elected in place of Nehemiah Knight, deceased. 4. 
Elected in place of Joseph Clay, resigned. 5. Elected 
in place of James Witherall, resigned. 6. Elected 
in place of Jacob Crowninshield, deceased. 7. Elected 
in i)lace of David Thomas, resigned. 
Territorial Delegates. 
Parke, Benjamin. Thomas, Jesse B.l 

I. Elected in place of Benjamin Parke, resigned. 

THE ELEVENTH CONGRESS. 

Senators. 
George Clinton, Vice-President. 
Anderson, Joseph. Lloyd, James, Jr. 



Bayard, James A. 
Bradley, Stephen R. 
Brent, Richard. 
Campbell, Alexander. 



Malbone, Francis. 
Mathewson, Eli.'^lia. 
Meigs, R. J. 
Milledge, John. 



Cham])lin, Cliristopher.2 Parker, Nahum, 



Clay, Henry. 3 
Condit, John. 4 
Crawford, W. H. 
Cutts, C'harles.5 
Dana, Samuel W.6 
Franklin, Jesse. 
Gaillard, John. 
German, Obediah. 
Giles, William. 
Oilman, Nichola.s. 
Goodrich, Chauncey. 
Gregg, Andrew. 
(Jrisvvold, Stanley.7 
Hillhouse, James. 
Homey, Outerbridge.8 
Lambert, John. 



Pickering, Timothy. 
Pope, John. 
Reed, Philip. 
Robinson, .Jonathan. 
Smith, Daniel. 
Smith, .Tohn. 
Smith, Samuel. 
Sumter, Thomas. 
Tait, Charles. 9 
Taylor, John. 10 
Thruston, Buckner. 
Tiffin, Edward. 
Turner, James. 
White, Samuel. 
Whiteside, Jenkiu.ll 
Worthington, Thomaa.l2 



Leib, Michael. 

1. Elected in place of Edward TifiSn, resigned. 2. 
Elected in place of Francis Malbone, deceased. 3. 
Elected in place of Tuckner Thruston, resigned. 4. 
Appointed pro tern., and subsequently elected in 
place of Aaron Kitchell, resigned. 5. Elected in 
place of Nahum Parker, resigned. 6. Elected in 
place of James Hillhouse, resigned. 7. Appointed 
in place of Edward TifSn, resigned. 8. Elected in 
place of Samuel White, deceased. 9. Elected in place 
of .John Milledge, resigned. 1(1. Elected in place of 
Thomas Sumter, resigned. 11. Elected in place of 
Daniel Smith, resigned. 12. Elected in place of Ite 
turn J. Meigs, resigned. 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



Representatives. 

Joseph B. Vanium, Speaker. 

Alleu, Joseph.l Livingston, Robert Le Roy 



Anderson, William. 
Alston, Lemuel J. 
Alston, Willis, Jr. 
Bacon, Ezekiel. 
Bard, David. 
Barry, William T.2 
Bassett, Burvvell. 
Bayliss, William. 
Bibb, William W. 
Bigelow, Abijah.3 
Blaisdell, Daniel. 
Boyd, Adam. 
Brown, John. 
Brown, Robert. 
Breckenrirlge, James. 
Burwell, William A. 
Butler, William. 
Calhoun, Joseph. 
Campbell, John. 
Chamberlain, John C. 
Chamberlain, William 



Love, John. 

Lyle, Aaron. 

Lyon, Mathew. 

Macon, Nathaniel. 

Marion, Robert. 

Mathews, Vincent. 

MoBride, Archibald. 

McKee, Samuel. 

McKim, Alexander. 

McKinley, William. 7 
Miller, Pleasant M. 
Milnor, William. 
Mitchell, Samuel L.8 
Moore, Nicholas R. 
Moore, Thomas. 
Montgomery, John. 
Morrow, Jeremiah. 
Moseley, Jouathan O. 
Mumford, Gordon S. 
Nelson, Roger. 
Newbold, Thomas. 



Champion, Epaphroditus. Newton. Thomas, 

r'U^,,.^^ T A 4 ^T-,l__l_ -ITT., 



Cheves, Langdon.4 

Chittenden, JMartin. 

Clay, Mathew. 

Clopton, John. 

Cobb, Howell. 

Cochran, .James. 

Cook, Orchard. 

Cox, James. 

Crawford, William. 

Crist, Henry. 

Cufts, Richard. 

Dana, Samuel W. 

Davenport, John. 

Dawson, John. 

Desha, Joseph. 

Ely, William. 

Emott, James. 

Epps, John W. 

Fisk, Jonathan. 

Findley, William. 

Franklin, Meshack. 

Gardenier, Barnet. 

Gardner, Gideon. 

Garland, David S.5 

Garnett, Barzillai. 

Gholson, Thomas, Jr. 

Gold, Thomas R. 

Goldsborough. Charles. 
Goodwin, Peterson. 
Grey, Ed%vin. 
Hall, William. 
Haven, Nathaniel 0. 
Heister, Daniel. 
Helms, William. 
Holland, James. 
Howard, Benjamin. 
Hubbard, Jonathan H. 
Hul'ty, Jacob. 
Huntington, Ebenezer.6 
Jackson, .John G. 
Jackson, Richard, Jr. 
Jenkins, Robert. 
Johnson, Richard M. 
Jones, Walter. 
Kenan, Thomas. 
Kennedy, William. 
Key, Philip B. 
Knickerbocker, Herman 
Lewis, Joseph, Jr. 



Nicholas, Wilson C. 

Nicholson, John. 

Pearson, Joseph. 

Pickman. Benjamin. 

Pitkin, Timothy. 

Potter, Elisha R. 

Porter, John. 

Porter, Peter B. 

Quincey, Josiah. 

Randolph, John H. 

Eea. John. 

Rhea, John. 

Ricards, Mathias. 

Ringgold, Samuel. 9 

Roane, John. 

JiJobinson, Jonathan. 

Root, Erasttis. 

Ross, John. 

Sage, Ebenezer. 

Sammous, Thomas. 

Sawyer, Lemuel. 
Say, Benjamin. 
Scudder, John A. 10 
Seaver, Ebenezer. 
Seybert, Adam. 11 
Shaw, Samuel. 
Sheftey, Daniel. 
Smilie, Joha. 
Smith, Dennis. 
Smith, George. 
Smith, John. 
Smith, Samuel. 
Southard, Henry. 
Stanford, Richard. 
Stanley, John. 
Stedman, AVilliam. 
Stevenson, James. 
Sturgis, Lewis B. 
Swoope, Jacob. 
Taggert, Samuel. 
Tallmadge, Benjamin. 
Taylor, John. 
Thompson, John. 
Ti-acy, Uri. 
Troup, George M. 
Turner, Charles, Jr. 12 
Upham, Jabez. 
Van Dyke, Nicholas. 
Van Home, Archibald. 



AVeakley, Robert. 
Wheaton, Laban. 
White, Samuel. 
Whitehill, Robert. 
Whitman, Ezekiel. 



Wilson, James. 
Winn, Richard. 
Witherspoon, Robert. 
Worthington, Thomas. 
Wright, Robert. 13 



1. Elected in place of Jabez Upham, resigned. 

2. Elected in place of Benjamin Howard, resigned. 

3. Elected in place of William Stedman, resigned. 

4. Elected in place of Robert Marion resigned. 5. 
Elected in place of William C. Nicholas, resigned. 

6. Elected in place of Samuel Dana, elected Senator. 

7. Elected in place of J. G. .Jackson, resigned. 8. 
Elected in place of William Dunning, who was 
elected, but never qualified. 9. Elected in place of 
Roger Nelson, resigned. 10. Elected in place of 
James Cox, deceased. 11. Elected in place of Benja- 
min Say, resigned. 12. Successfully contested the 
election of Walter BaylLss. 13. Elected in place of 
John Brown, resigned. 

Territorial Delegates. 
Jennings, Jonathan. Poydras, Julian. 

Poindexter, George. 

THE TWELFTH CONGRESS. 
Senatoes. 
George Clinton. Vice-Frcsident. 
Anderson, Joseph. Horsey, Outerbridge. 



Piayard, James A. 
llibl). George. 
ISradlej', Stephen R. 
Brent, Richard. 
Brown, James. 1 
Campbell, Alexander. 
Campbell, George W.2 
Crawford, WiUiam H. 
Condit, John. 
Cutts, Charles. 
Dana, Samuel W. 
Franklin, Jesse. 
Gaillard, .John. 
German, Obediah. 
Giles, Willi.am B. 
Oilman, Nicholas. 
Goodrich, Chauncey. 



Howell, Jeremiah B. 
Hunter, William. 3 
Lambert, John. 
Leib, Michael. 
Lloyd, James. 
Magruder, Allen B. 
Pope, John. 
Posey, Thomas. 4 
Reed, Philip. 
Robinson, Jonathan. 
Smith, John. 
Smith, Samuel. 
Tait, Charles. 
Taylor, John. 
Turner, James. 
Varnum, .Joseph B. 
Worthington, Thomas. 



Gregg, Andrew. 

1. Elected in place of John Noel Destrah.an, re- 
signed, having never taken his seat. 2. Elected in 
place of Jenkin Whitesides, resigned. 3. Elected in 
place of Christopher G. Champlin, resigned. 4. Ap- 
pointed in place of John Noel Destrahan, who was 
elected, but never took his seat. 

Representatives. 



Livermore, Edward St. Loe. Van Rensselaer, KUlian K 



Hen ry 
Alston, Willis. 
Anderson, William. 
Archer, Stevenson. 
Avery, Daniel. 
Bacon, Ezekiel. 
Baker, John. 
Bard, David. 
Barnett, William.l 
Bartlett, Josiah. 
Bassett, BurweU. 
Bibb, WiUiam W. 
Bigelow, Abijah. 
Blacklidge, William. 
Bleeker, Harmanus. 
Blount, Thomas. 
Boyd, Adam. 
Breckenridge, James. 
Brigham, Elijah. 
Brown, Robert. 
Burwell, William A. 



Clay, Speaker. 

Butler, William. 
Calhoun, John C. 
Carr, Francis. 
Champion, Epaphroditus. 
Cheves, Langdon. 
Chittenden, Martin. 
Clay, Mathew. 
Clopton, John. 
Cobli, Howell. 
Cochran, James. 
Condit, Lewis. 
Cook, Thomas B. 
Crawford, William. 
Cutts, Richard. 
Davis, Roger. 
Davenport, John. 
Dawson, John. 
Desha, John. 
Dinsmore, Samuel. 
Earle, Elias. 



TABULAR KECOKDS. 



Ely, "William. 
Emott, James. 
Findley, William. 
Fisk, James. 
Fitch, Asa. 
Frankliu, Meshack. 
Gholson, Thomas. 
Goodwin. Peterson. 
Gold, Thomas R. 
Goldsborough, Charles. 
Gray, Edwin. 
Green, Isaiah L. 
Grosvenor, Thomas P.2 
Grundv, Felix. 
Hall, Bollinger. 
HaU, Obel. 
Harijer, John A. 
Hawes, Aylett. 
Hufty, Jacob. 
Hungerford, .Tolin P. 
Hynemau, John M. 
Jackson, Richard. Jr. 
Johnson, Richard M. 
Kennedy, William. 3 
Kent, Joseph. 
Key, Philip B. 
King, William K. 
Lacock, Abner. 
Lafever, Joseph. 
Law, Lyman. 
Lewis, Joseph, Jr. 
Little, Peter. 



Paulding, William. 
Pearson, Joseph. 
Pickens, Israel. 
Piper, William. 
Pitkin, Timothy. 
Pleasants, James, Jr. 
Pond, Benjamin. 
Porter, Peter B. 
Potter, Elisha B. 
Quincy, Josiah. 
Randolph, John. 
Reed William. 
Rhea, John. 

Richard.son, William il. 
Ridgeley, Henry M. 
Ringgold, Samuel. 
Roane, Jolm. 
Rodman, William. 
Roberts, Jonathan. 
Robertson, Thomas B. 
Sage, Ebeuezer. 
Sammons, Thomas. 
Sawyer, Lemuel. 
Seaver, Ebenczer. 
Sevier, John. 
Seybert, Adam. 
Shaw, Samuel. 
Sheffey, Daniel. 
Smilie, John. 
Smith, George. 
Smith, John. 
Stanford, Richard. 



Livingston. Robert Le Roy. Stowe, Silas. 



Lowndes, William. 
Lyle, Aaron. 
Macon, Nathaniel. 
Maxwell, George C. 
McBryde, Archibald. 
McKee, Samuel. 
McKim, Alexander. 
McCoy, William. 
Metcalf, Arunah. 
Milnor, James. 
Mitchell, Samuel L. 
Moore, Thomas. 
Morgan, James. 
Morrow, Jeremiah. 
Moseley, Jonathan. 
Nelson, Hugh. 
New, Anthony. 
Newbold, Thomas. 
Newton. Thomas. 



Strong, William. 
Stuart, Philip. 
Sturgis, Lewis B. 
Sullivan, George. 
Taggart, Samuel. 
Talliaferro, ,Tohn.4 
Tallmadge, Benjamin. 
Tallman, Peleg. 
Tracy, Uri. 
Troup, George M. 
Turner, Charles, Jr. 
Van Cortland, Pierre, Jr. 
Wbeaton, Laban. 
White, Leonard. 
Wliitehill, Robert. 
Widgery, William. 
Williams. David R. 
Wilson, Thomas. 
Winn, Richard. 
Wright, Robert. 



Ormsby, Steven. 

1. Elected in place of Howell Cobb, resigned. 2. 
Elected in place of R. Le Roy Livingston, resigned. 
3. Elected in place of Thomas Blount, deceased. 4. 
Successfully contested the election of J. P. Hnnger- 
ford. 

Territorial Di'hyalcs. 



Bond, Shad rack. 
Hempstead, Edward. 



Jennings, Jonathan. 
Poindexter, George. 



THE THIRTEENTH CONGRESS. 
Sknatoes. 



Elbridye Gerry, 
Anderson, Joseph. 
Barbour, .Tames. 1 
Barry, William T.2 
Bibb, George M. 
Bibb, William Wyatt.3 
Bledsoe, Jesse. 
Brent, Richard. 
Brown, James. 
Bollock, William B.! 



Vice-President. 
Campbell, George. 
Cliace, Dudley. 
Condit, John. 
Cutts, Charles.5 
Dana, Samuel, 
Daggett, Davis.6 
FrenK.'ntin, Eligius. 
Gaillard, John. 
German, Obediah. 



Giles, William B. 
Gilmore, Nicholas. 
Gore, Christopher.7 
Goldsborough. Henry R. 
Horsey, Outerbridge. 
Howell, .Tercmiah B. 
Hunter. William. 
Kerr, Joseph. 8 
King, Rufus. 
Lacock, .\bner. 
Tjambert, John. 
I.rib, Michael. 
.Mason, Jeremiah. 9 
.Morrow. Jeremiah. 



Rolierts, Jonathan. 1(1 
Robinson, .Tonathan. 
Smith, Samuel. 
Stone, David. 
Tait, Cliarl&s. 
Talbot, Isham.ll 
Taylor, John. 
Thompson, Thomas W.l'.; 
Turner, James. 
Varnum, Joseph B. 
Walker. George. 13 
Wells, William H.14 
Wharton, Jesse.15 



Worthington , Thomas. 
1. Elected in place of Richard Brent, decea-sed. 
Elected in place of George M. Bibb, resigned. 
Elected in place of W. H. Crawlbrd, resigned. 
.\ppointed in place of W. H. Crawlbrd, resigned. 
.VppointeAto till a vacancy. (>. Elected in place 
Chauncey Uoodrich, resigned. 7. Appointed 
place of James Lloyd, resigned. 8. Elected in place 
of Tliomas Worthington. resigned. 9. Elected foi 
six years, Charles Cutts having been appointed pn 
tern. 10. Elected in jjlaceof Michael Leib, resigned. 
11. Elected in place of .Tesse Bledsoe, resigned 
1:2. Elected in j)lace of Michael Oilman, deceased 

13. Elected in place of George M. Bibb, resigned 

14. Elected in place of .Tames \. Bayard, resigned 
l.'j. Elected in jilace of G. W. Campbell, resigned. 

Representatives. 



Henry 
LtiiKjihm 
Anderson, William. 
Alexander, John. 
Alston, Willis. 
Archer, Stevenson. 
Avery, Daniel. 
Bard, David. 
Barbour, Philip P.2 
Barnett, William. 
B.ayley, Thomas M. 
I'.ayless, William. 
Beat, Resin. 
Benson, Egbert. 
Bibb, William W. 
Bigelow, Abijah. 
Bines, Thomas. 3 
Bowen, ,Tohn H. 
Bowers, John M. 
Boyd, Alexander. 
Bradbury, George. 
Bradley, William C. 
Brecken ridge, James. 
Brigham, Elijah. 
Brown, Robert. 
Burwell, William A. 
Butler, Ezra. 
Caldwell, .lames. 
Calhoun, John C. 
Cannon, Newton. 4 
Caperton, Hugh. 
Chapells, John J. 
Champion, Epaphrodi 
Cillej', Bradbury. 
Clark, Henry. 
Clark, James. 
Clendenen, David. 5 
Clopton, John. 
Comstock, Oliver C. 
Conard, John. 
Condit, Lewis. 
Cooper, Thomas. 
Cox, William. 
Crawford, William. 



Cln\i, Speaker. 
Cheres, Speaker.l 

Crcyhton, William, Jr. 

Crouch, William. 6 

Culpepper, .Tohn. 

Cuthbert, Alfred.7 

Dana, Samuel. 8 

Davenport, John, Jr. 

Davis, Roger. 

Davis, Samuel. 

Dawson, John. 

Denoyelles, Peter. 

Desha, Joseph. 

Duvall, William P. 

Dewey, Diiniel. 

Earle, Elias. 

Ely, William. 

Epps, John W. 

Evans, David R. 

Farrow, Samuel. 

Findley, AVilliam. 

Fisk, .Tames. 

Fisk, Jonathan. 

Forney, Peter. 

Forsyth, .Tohn. ' 

Franklin, Meshack. 

Gaston, William. 

Geddes, James. 

Gholson, Thomas. 

Glasgow, Hugh. 

Glouinger, John. 

Goldsborough, Charles, 
tus. Goodwin, Peterson. 

Goodwin, Theodore. 

Griffins, Isaac. 

Grosvenor, Thomas P. 

Grundy, Felix. 

Hale, William. 

Hall, Boiling. 

Hanson, Alex.ander C. 

Harris, Thomas K. 

Ha.sbrouck, .\braham. 

Hawes, Aylett. 

Hawkins, Joseph H.9 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



.Henderson, Samuel. 
Hopkins, Samuel. In 
Hopkins, Samuel. 
Howell, Nathaniel 
Hubbard, Levi. 
Hufty, Jacob. 
Humphreys, Perry W. 
Hungerford, John P. 
Hurlbut, John W.ll 
Hyneman, John W. 
IngersoU, Charles .1. 
Ingham, Samuel D. 
Irving, William. 12 
Irwin. Jared. 
Jackson, John G. 
Jackson, Richard, Jr 
Johnson, .James. 
Johnson, Richard M 
Kennedy, William 
Kent, Joseph 
Kent, Moss. 
Kerr, John. 
Kershaw, John. 
Kilbourn, James. 
King, Cyrus. 
King, William R 
Law, Lyman 
Lefferta, John 
Lewis, Joseph, Jr. 
Lovett, John. 
Lowndes, William 
Lyle, Aaron 
Macon, Nathaniel 
Markell, Jacob. 
McCoy, William. 
McKee, Samuel. 
McKim, Alexander. 
McLean, John. 
Miller, Morris S. 
Moffitt, Hosea. 
Moore, Nicholas R. 
Montgomery, Thomas. 
Mosely, Jonathan O. 
Murl'ee, William H. 
Nelson, Hugh. 
Newton, Thomas. 
Oakley, Thomas J. 
Ormsby, Steven. 
Parker, James. 
Pearson, Joseph. 
Pickens, Israel. 
Pickering, Timothy. 
Piper, William. 
Pitkin, Timothy. 
Pleasants, James, .Ir. 



Potter, Elisha R. 
Rea, John. 
Reed, John. 
Reed, WiUiam. 
Rhea, John. 
Rich, Charles. 
Richardson, William M 
Ridgely, Henry M. 
Ringgold, Samuel 
Roane, John. 
Roberts, Jonathan. 
Robertiion, Thomas B. 
Ruggles, Nathaniel. 
Sage, Ebenezer. 
Shureman, James. 
Sevier, John. 
Seybert, Adam. 
Sharpe, Solomon P. 
Sheft'ey, Daniel. 
Sherwood, Samuel. 
Shepherd, Zebulon R 
Skinner, Richard. 
Slay maker, Amos. 13 
Smith, Isaac. 
Smith, John. 
Smith, Samuel. 
Smith, WiUiam S. 
Stanford, Richard. 
Stockton, Richard. 
Strong, William. 
Stuart, Philip. 
Sturges, Lewis B. 
Taggart, Samuel. 
Tallmadge, Benjamin 
Tannehill, Adamson 
Taylor, .lohn W. 
Teilair, Thomas 
Thompson, Joel. 
Troup, George M. 
Udree, Daniel. 14 
Vose, Roger. 
Ward, Artemus. 
Ward, Thomas. 
Webster, Daniel. 
Wheaton, Laban. 
Wliite, Francis. 
Whitehill, James. 
Wilcox, Jeduthan. 
Williams, Isaac, Jr. 15 
Winter, Elisha R. 
Wilson, Thomas. 
Wilson, .John. 
Wood, Abiel. 
Wright, Robert. 
Yancey, Bartlett. 



Post, Jotham. 

1. Elected Speaker in place of Henry Clay, re- 
signed. 2. Elected in place of John Dawson, deceased. 
3. Elected in place of Jacob Hufty, deceased. 4. 
Elected in place of Felix Grundy, resigned. .5. 
Elected in place of Resin lieal, resigned. 6. Elected 
in place of John Gloninger, resigned. 7. Elected in 
place of W. W. Bibb, resigned. 8. Elected in place 
of William M. Richardson, resigned. 9. Elected in 
place of Henry Clay, resigned. 10. Elected in place 
of Jonathan Roberts, elected Senator 11. Elected 
in place of Daniel Dewey, resigned. 12. Elected in 
place of Egbert Benson, resigned. 13. Elected in 
place of James Wliitehill, resigned. 14. Elected in 
place of John M. Hyneman, resigned. 15. Success- 
fully contested the election of John M. Bowers. 

Territorial Delegates. 
Bond, Shadrack. Jennings, Jonathan. 

Eastoii. Roller'. Lattimer, William. 

Hempstead, Edward. Stephenson, Benjamin. 



THE FOURTEENTH CONGRESS. 
Senators. 



Jotiii Gaillard, 
Ashmun, Eli P.l 
Barbour, James. 
Barry, William T. 
Bibb, William W. 
Brown, James. 
Campbell, George W. 
Chase, Dudley. 
Condit, John. 
Daggett, David. 
Dana, Samuel W. 
Fromentin, Eligius 
Goldsborongh, Robert H 
Gore, Christopher. 
Hanson, Alexander C.3 
Hardin, Martin D.2 
Harper, Robert G. 
Horsey, Outerbridge 
Howell, Jeremiah. 
Hunter, William. 
King. Rul'us. 
Lacock, Abner. 
Macon, Nathaniel. 4 

1. Elected in place of Christopher Gore, resigned. 
2. Appointed in place of W. T. Barry, resigned; sub- 
sequently elected by the Legislature. 3. Elected in 
place of R. G. Harper, resigned. 4. Elected in place 
of Francis Locke, resigned. 5. Elected in place of 
William B. Giles, resigned. 6. Elected in place of 
John Taylor, resigned. 7. Elected in place of James 
Turner, resigned. 8. Elected in place of W. W. Bibb, 
resigned. 9. Elected in place of George W. Camp- 
bell, resigned. 

Reprbsentatives. 
Henry Claxj, Speaker. 



President pro tern. 
Mason, Armistcad.5 
Mason, Jeremiah. 
Morrow, Jeremiah. 
Noble, James. 
Roberts, Jonathan. 
Ruggles, Benjamin. 
Sanford, Nathan. 
Smith, William. G 
Stokes, Montford.7 
Tait, Charles. 
Talbot, Isham. 
Taylor, John. 
Taylor, Waller. 
Thompson, Thomas W. 
Tichenor, Isaac. 
Troup, George M.8 
Turner, Jacob. 
Varnum, .Joseph B. 
Wells, William H. 
Williams, .John. 
Williams, James .1.9 



Adams, Benjamin! 
Adgate, Asa. 
Alexander, .John. 
Archer, Stevenson. 
Atherton, Charles H. 
Avery, Daniel. 2 
Baer, George. 
Baker, Ezra. 
Barbour, Philip G. 
Bassett, Burwell. 
Bateman, Ephraim. 
Bayliss, William. 
Bennett, Benjamin. 
Betts, Samuel R. 
Birdsall, James. 
Birdseye, Victory. 
Blount, William. 
Boss, John L. 
Bradbury, George. 
Breckenridge, James. 
Brigham, Elijah. 
Brown, Benjamin. 
Brooks, Micah. 
Bryan, Joseph H. 
Buruside, Thomas. 
Burwell, William A. 
Cady, Daniel. 
Caldwell, James. 
Calhoun, .John C. 
Cannon, Merton. 
Carr, James. 

Champion, Epajihroditus. 
Chappelle, John. 
Chipman, Daniel. 
Cilley, Bradbury. 
Clark, Archibald S.3 
Clark, James. 



Clark, .James W. 
Clayton, Thomas. 
Clendcnen, David. 
Clopton, John. 
Comstock, Oliver C. 
Condict, Lewis. 
Conner, Samuel S. 
Cook, Zadock.4 
Cooper, Thomas. 
Crawford, William. 
Creighton, William, Jr. 
Crocheron, Henry. 
Culpepper, John. 
Cuthbert, Alfred. 
Darlington, William. 
Davenport, John, .Jr. 
Desha, Joseph. 
Dickens, Samuel. 5 
Edwards, Weldou M.6 
Findley, WiUiam. 
Fletcher, Thomas;7 
Forney, Daniel M. 
Forsythe, John. 
Gaston, WiUiam. 
Gholson, Thomas. 
Glasgow, Hugh. 
Gold, Thomas i;. 
Goldsborongh, Charles. 
Goodwin, Peterson. 
Grififin, Isaac. 
Grosvenor, Thomas P. 
Hahn, John. 
Hale, WiUiam. 
Hall, BoUing. 
Hammond, Jabez D. 
Hanson, Alexander C.8 
Hardin, Bei^amin. 



TABULAE KECOKDS. 



XXMil 



Hariison, William H.9 
Hawes, Aylett. 
Heister, Joseph. 
Henderson, BenDett H. 
Hendiicks, William. 
Herbert, John C. 
Hoops, Charle.s.lO. 
Hopkinson, Jcseph. 
Hnger, Benjamin. 
Hungerford, John P. 
Hurlbut, John W. 
Ingham, Samuel D. 
Irving, William. 
Irwin, Jared. 
Jackson, John G. 
Jewett, Luther. 
Johnson. .Tames. 
Johnson, Richard M. 
Kent, Moss. 
Kerr, John. 
Kilbourne, .lames. 
King, Cyrus. 
Kingi William R. 
Langdon, Chauncey. 
Law, Lyman. 
Lewis. Joseph, -Ir. 
Little, Peter, n. 
Lonndes. William. 
Love, William ('. 
Loveit. .Tohn. 
Lumpkin, Wilson. 
Lyle, Aaron. 
Lyon, Asa. 
Maclay, William. 
Maclay, William P. 12 
Macon, Nathaniel. 
Marsh, Charles. 
Mason, James B. 
Mayrant, William. 
McCoy, William. 
McKee, Samuel. 
McLean, Almy. 
McLean. John. 
Middleton, Henry. 
Miller, Stephen 1).13 
Mills, Elijah. 
Milnor, WUliam. 
Moffit, Hosea. 
Moore, Thomas. 
Moseley, Jonathan O. 
Slurfee, William H. 
Nelson, Hugh. 
Nelson, Jeremiah. 
Nelson, Thomas M.14 
Newton, Thomas. 
Noyes, John. 
Ormsby, Stephen. 
Parris, Albion K. 
Peter, George. 15 
Pickering, Timothy. 
Pickens. l«rael. 

1. Elected in place of Elijah Brigham, deceased. 
•2. Elected in place of Enos T. Throop, resigned. 

3. Elected in place of Peter B. Porter, resigned. 

4. Elected in place of Alfred Cuthbert, resigned. 

5. Elected in place of Richard Stanford, deceased. 6. 
Elected in place of Nathaniel Macon, elected Senator. 
7. Elected in place of James Clark, resigned. 8. 
Elected Senator in place of Robert G. Harper, re- 
signed. 9. Elected in place of .lohn :McLean, resigned. 
iO. Elected in place of William R. King, resigned. 

11. Elected in place of William Pinckney, resigned. 

12. Elected in place of Thomas Burnside, resigned. 

13. Elected in place of William ilaTrant, resigned. 

14. Elected in place of Thomas Gholson, deceased. 



Pinckney, William. 
Piper, William. 
Pitkin, Timothy. 
Pleasants, .John. 
Porter, Peter B. 
Powell, Samuel. 
Randolph, John. 
Reed, .John. 
Reynolds, James B. 
Rice. Thomas. 
Roane, William. 
Robertson, Thomas B. 
Root, Erastus.lti 
Ross, John. 
Rugglcs, Nathaniel. 
Savage, John. 
Schenck, Abraham H. 
Sergeant, John. 
Sharpe, Solomon P. 
Sheffey, Daniel. 
Smith, Ballard. 
Smith, Samuel. 17 
Smith, Thomas. 
Southard, Henry. 
Stanford, Richard. 
Stearns, Ashael. 
Strong, Solomon. 
Stuart, Philip. 
Sturges, Lewis R. 
Taggert, .Samuel. 
Tallmadge, Benjamin. 
Tate, Magnus. 
Taul, Micah. 
Taylor, John. 
Taylor, John W. 
Telfair, Thomas. 
Thomas, Isaac. 
Throop, Enos F. 
Townsend, George. 
Tucker, Henrv St. George. 
Tyler, John. 18 
W'allace, James. 
Ward, Artcmus. 
W^ard, Jonathan. 
Ward, Thomas. 
Webster, Daniel. 
Weudover, Peter H. 
Wheaton, Laban. 
Whiteside, .lohn. 
Wilcox, Jonathan. 
Wilde, Richard Henry. 
Wilkin, James W. 
Williams, Lewis. 
Willoughby, Westel, Jr. 19 
Wilson, Thomas. 
'Wilson, William. 
Woodward, William. 
W^right, Robert. 
Yancey, Bartlett. 
Yates, John B. 



15. Elected in place of Alexander C. H:urison, elected 
Senator. l(j. Successfully contested the seat of John 
Adair. 17. Elected in place of Nicholas R. .Moore, 
resigned. 18. Elected in place of John Clopton, de- 
ceased. 19. Successfully contested the election of 
William S. Smith. 

Territorial Delegates. 
Easton, Eufus.l Pope, Nathaniel. 

Jennings, Jonathan. Scott, John. 

Lattimore, William. Stevenson, Benjamin. 

1. Successfully contested the election of John Scott. 

THE FIFTEENTH CONGRESS. 
Senators. 



Daniel D. Tompk 
Ashmun, Eli P. 
Barbour, James. 
Burrill, James, Jr. 
Campbell, George W. 
Chace, Dudley. 
Crittenden, John J. 
Daggett, David. 
Dana, Samuel W. 
Eaton, John Henry. 1 
Edward, Ninian. 
Epps, John W. 
Fisk, James. 2 
Forsyth, John. 3 
Fromentin, Eligius. 
Gaillard, John. 
Goldsborough, Robert H 
Hanson, Alexander C. 
Horsey, Outerbridge. 
Hunter, William. 
Johnson, Henry. 4 
King, Rufus. 
Lacock, Abner. 
Leake, Walter. 



ins, Vice-President. 
Macon, Nathaniel. 
Mason, Jeremiah. 
Mellen, Prentiss.5 
Morrill, David L. 
Morrow, Jeremiah. 
Noble, James. 
Otis, Harrison G. 
Palmer, William A. 6 
Roberts, Jonathan. 
Ruggles, Benjamin. 
Sanford, Nathan. 
Smith, William. 
Stokes, Montford. 
Storer. Clement.7 
Tait, Charles. 
Talbot, Isham. 
Taylor, Waller. 
Tichenor, Isaac. 
Troup, George M. 
Van Dyke, Nicholas. 
Williams, John. 
Williams. Thomas II. 
Wilson, James J. 



1. Apjwinted in place of George W. Campbell, re- 
signed. 2. Elected in place of Dudley Chace, re- 
signed. 3. Elected in place of George M. Troup, 
resigned. 4. Elected in place of William C. Claiborne, 
deceased, having never taken his seat. 5. Elected in 
place of Eli P. Ashmun, resigned. 6. Elected in 
place of Jamas Fisk, resigned. 7. Elected in place 
of Jeremiah Mason. 

Repkksentatives. 



Henry 
Abbott, Joel. 
Adams. Benjamin. 
Allen, lleman. 
Allen, Samuel C. 
Anderson, Richard 0. . 
Anderson, William. 
Anstin, Archibald. 
Baldwin, Henry. 
Ball, William Lee. 
Barber, Levi. 
Barbour, Philip P. 
Bassett, Burwcll. 
Bateman. Ephraim. 
Bayley, Thomas. 
Beecher, Philemon. 
Bellinger, Joseph. 
Bennett, Benjamin. 
Bloomfield, .Josejih. 
Blount, William G. 
Boden, Andrew. 
Boss, John L. Jr. 
Bryan, Joseph H. 
Butler, Josiah. 
Butler, Thomas.l 
Burwell, William A. 



Clay, Speaker. 

Campbell, John W. 

Claggett, Clifton. 

Claiborne, Thomas. 

Cobb, Thomas W. 
Ir. Colston, Edward. 

Comstock, Oliver 0. 

Cook. Zadock. 

Crafts, Samuel C. 

Crawford. .Toel. 

I'ruger. Daniel. 

Culbreth, Thomas. 

Cushman, .John P. 

Darlington, Isaac. 

Davidson, William. 2 

Desha, Joseph. 

Drake, John R. 

Earle, Elias. 

Edwards, Welden N. 

EUicott, Benjaniin. 

Ervin, James. 

Fisher, Charles. 3 

Floyd, .Tohn. 

Folger, W^aller, .Tr. 

Forney, Daniel .">!. 

Forsyth. John.4 



TABULAR E E C U E D S . 



Fuller, Timothy. 
Gage, .Joshua. 
Garnett, Robert S. 
Gilbert. Sylvester. 5 
Goodwlu, Peterson. 
Hale, Salma. 
Hall, Tlioinas H. 
Hall, Willard. 
Harrison, Willi:nii II. 
Hasbrouck, Josia)i. 
lleister, Joseph. 
Hendricks, William. 
Herbert, John (.'. 
Herkimer, Jolm. 
Herrick, Samuel. 
Hitchcock, Peter. 
Hojjgs, Samuel. 
Holmes. John. 
Holmes, Uriel. 
Hopkinson, Joseph. 
Hostetter, Jacob. 6 
Hubbard, Thom;us H. 
Hunter, William. 

Huntington, Ebonezer. 
Ingham, Samuel D. 

Irving, William. 

John.son, James. 

Johnson, Richard M. 

Jones, Francis. 

Kinsey, Charles. 

Kirtland, Dorrance. 

Lawyer, Thomas. 

Lewis, William J. 

Lincoln, Enoch. 7 

Linn, .John. 

Little, Peter. 

Ijivermore, Arthur. 

r,owndes, William. 

Maclay, William. 

Maclay, William P. 

McCoy, William. 

iMcLane, Louis. 

McLean, John. 

Marchand, David. 

Marr, George S. 

Ma.son, .lames B. 

Mason, Jonathan. 

Mercer, Charles F. 

Merrill, Orsamus ( '. 

Middleton, Henry. 

Miller, Stephen D. 

Mills, Elijah H. 

Moore. Robert. 

Moore, Samuel. 8 

Morton, Marcus. 

Moseley, Jonathan 0. 

Munford, George. 

Murray, John. 

Nelson, Hugh. 

Nelson, Jeremiah. 

Nelson, Thomas M. 

Nesbit, William. 

New, Anthony. 

Newton, Thomas. 

Ogden, David A. 

( Igle, Alexander. 

Ott, Benjamin. 

Owen, James. 

Palmer. John. 

Parris, Albion K. 

Parrott, John F. 

I'atterson, Thomas. 



Pawling, Levi. 
Pegram, .lohn.!) 
Peter, George. 
Findall, James. 
Pitkin, Timothy. 
Pleasants, James. 
Poindexter, (ieorge. 
Porter, .lames. 
Quarles, Tunstall, Jr. 
Kerd, Philip. 

Reed, Robert Raymond. 10 
Rhea, .lohn. 
Rice, Thomas. 
Rich, Charles. 
Richards, Mark. 
Ringgold, Samuel. 
Robertson, George. 
Robertson, Thomas B. 
Rogers, Thomas J. 11 
Ross, John. 
Ru.ggles, Nathaniel. 
Savage, John. 
Sampson, Zabdiel. 
Sawyer, Lemuel. 
Schuyler, Philip J. 
Scudder, TreadweU. 
Settle, Thomas. 
Sergeant, John. 
Seybert, Adam. 
Shaw, Henry. 
Sherwood, Samuel B. 
Silsbee, NathanieL 
Simkins, Eldred. 
Slocum, Jesse. 
Smith, Ballard. 

Smith, Joseph S. 

Smith, Samuel. 

Smyth, Alexander. 

Southard, Henry. 

Spangler, Jacob. 

Speed, Thomas. 

Spencer, John C. 

Stewart, James. 

Stuart, Philip. 

Storrs, Henry B. 

Strong, Solomon. 

Strother^, George F. 

Tallmadge, James, Jr. 

Tarr, Christian. 

Taylor, John W. 

Terrill, William. 

Terry, Nathaniel. 

Tompkins, Caleb. 

Townsend, George. 

Trimble, David. 

Tucker, Henry St. George 

Tucker, Sterling. 

Tyler, John. 

Ujiham, Nathaniel. 

Walker, David. 

Walker, Felix. 

Wallace, James M. 

^^'cudover, Peter H. 

Westerlo, Rensselaer. 

Whiteside, John. 

Whitman, Ezekiel. 

Wilkins, James W. 

Williams, Isaac. 

Williams, Lewis. 

Williams, Thomas S. 
Wilson, John. 
Wilson, William. 



1. Elected in place of T. B. Robertson, resigned. 
:^. Elected in place of Daniel M. Forney, resigned. 
3 Elected in place of George Mumford, deceased. 



4. Elected in place of G. M. Troup, resigned. 
n. Elected in place of Uriel Holmes, resigned. 
(I. Elected in place of Jacob Spangler, resigned. 

7. Elected in place of Albion K. Parris, resigned. 

8. Elected in place of S. D. Ingham, resigned. 0. 
Elected in place of Peterson Goodwin, deceased. 10. 
Elected |in place of John Forsyth, elected Senator. 
11. Elected in place of John Ross, resigned. 

Territorial Delegates. 
CroweU, John. Scott, John. 

Pope, Nathaniel. 

THE SIXTEENTH CONGRESS. 

SEN.4.T0ES. 

Dmnd D. Tompkins, Vice-President. 
Barbour, James. Mills, Elijah H.4 

Brown, James. Morrill, David L. 

P.urrill, James, Jr. Noble, James. 

Chandler, John. Otis, Harrison Gray. 

Dana, Samuel W. Palmer, William A. 

Dickerson, Malilon. Parrott, John F. 

Eaton, John Henry. Pinckney, William. 

Elliott, John. Pleasants, James.5 

Edwards, Ninian. Roberts, Jonathan. 

Gaillard, John. Ruggles, Benjamin. 

Holmes, David.l Sanford, Ntith.an. 

Holmes, John. Smith, William. 

Horsey, Outerbridge. Southard, Samuel L.6 

Hunter, AVilliam. Stokes, Moutford. 

Johnson, Henry. Talbot, Isham.7 

Johnson, Richard M.2. Taylor, Waller. 
King, Rufus. _ Thomas, Jesse B. 

King, William..f\» Tichenor, Isaac. 

Knight, Nehemiah.3 Trimble, William A. 

Lanman, James. Van Dyke, Nicholas. 

Leake, Walter. Walker, Freeman.8 

Lloyd, Edward. Walker, John W. 

Logan, William. Williams, John. 

Lowrie, Walter. Williams, Thomas H. 

Macon, NathanieL Wilson, James J. 

Mellen, Prentiss. 

1. Elected in place of Walter Leake, resigned 

2. Elected in place of John J. Crittenden, resigned. 

3. Elected in place of James Bnrrill, Jr., deceased. 

4. Elected in place of Prenti.ss Mellen, resigned. 5. 
Elected in place of Jno. W. Epps, resigned. 6. Elected 
in place of James J. Wilson, resigned. 7. Elected in 
place of William Logan, resigned. 8. Elected in 
place of John Forsythe, resigned. 

Representatives. 
Henry Clay, Speaker. 
John W. I'aylor, Spcukcr.l 

Abbott, Joel. Brown, William. 

Adams, Benjamin, Bryan, Henry H. 

Allen, Nathaniel. Buftem, Joseph, Jr. 

Allen, Robert. Burton, Hutchins G. 

Allen, Samuel C. Burwell, William A. 

Alexander, Mark. Bush, Henry. 

Anderson, Richard C. Butler, Josiah. 

Archer, Stevenson. Butler, Thomas. 

Archer, William S.2 Campbell, John W. 

Baker, Caleb. Cannon, Newton. 

Baldwin, Henry. Case, Walter. 

Ball, William Lee. Claggett, Clifton. 

Barbour, Philip P. Clark, Robert. 

Bateman, Ephraim. Cobb, Thomas W. 

Bayley, Thomas. Cocke, John. 

Beecher, Philemon. • Cook, Daniel P. 

Blackledge, William S.3 Crawford, Joel. 

Bloomfield, Joseph. Crowell, .John. 

Boden, Andrew. Culbreth, Thomas. 

Brevard, Joseph. Ctilpepper, John 



TABULAl; KKCUUDS. 



Cushman, Joshua. 
Cuthbert, John A. 
Dane, Joseph, 4 
Darlington. William. 
Davidson, William. 
Dennison, George. 
De Witt, Jacob H. 
Dickinson, John T>. 
Dowse, Edward. 
Earle, Elias. 
Eddy, Samuel. 
Edwards, Henry W 
Edwards, Samuel. 
Edwards, Weldon N. 
Ervin, .Tames. 
Eustis, William.5 
Kay, John. 
Fisher, Charles. 
IHoyd, John. 
Folger, Walt<?r, Jr. 
Foot, Samuel A. 
Ford, William D. 
Forrest. Thomas. 
Fuller, Timothy. 
Fullerton, David. 
Garhani, Benjamin.6 
Garnett, Robert. 
Gray, John C.7 
Gross, Ezra C. 
Gross, Samuel. 
Guyon. .lames, Jr.8 
Hackley, Aaron. 
Hall, George. 
Hall, Thomas H. 
Hall, Wilhird. 
Kardin, Benjamin. 
Hazard, Natbaniel.9 
Hcister, Joseph. 
Hemphill, Joseph. 
Hendricks, William. 
Herrifk, Samuel. 
Hiboman. Jacob. 
Hill, Mark L. 
Hobart. Aaron. 10 
Holmes, John. 
Hooks, Charles. 
Hostetter, Jacob. 
Jackson, Edwar.l B.ll 
Johnson, Francis. 12 
Johnson, James. 
.Tones, James. 
Kendall, Jonas. 
Kent, Joseph. 
Kinsey, Charles. 
Ivinslcy, Martin. 
Lathro)). Samuel. 
Lincoln, Enoch. 
Linn, John. 
Little, Peter. 
Livermorc^, Arthur. 
Lowndes, William. 
Lyman, Joseph S. 
Maclay, William P. 
Mallory, Kollin C.13 
Marcliand, David. 
Mason, Jonathan. 
McCoy, William. 
McCrecry, ,Tohn. 
McCullough. Thomas G, 
Mcl^ane, Louis. 
McLean, Alray. 
Meech, Ezra. 
12. 'gs, Henry. 
i3. Elec Ora.smus C. 
14. Electa'bomas. 



Moore, Robert. 
Moore, Samuel. 
Moore, Thomas K. 15 
Morton, Marcus. 
Morrill, Robert. 
Moseley, Jonathan O. 
Montgomery, Thomas H. IG 
Murray, John. 
Neal, Raphael. 
Nelson, Hugh. 
Nelson, Jeremiah. 
Kewton, Thomas. 
( Iverstreet, James. 
Parker, .Tames. 
Parker, Severn E. 
Patterson, Thomas. 
Peek. Harmanus. 
Phelps, Elisha. 
Philson, Robert. 
Pinckney. Charles. 
Pindall, James. 
Pitcher, Nathaniel. 
Pleasants, James. 
Plummer, William. 
Quarles, Tunstall, Jr. 
Randolph, .John. 
Rankin, Chvistopher. 
Reid, Robert R. 
Rhea, John. 
Rich, Charles. 
Ricliards. Mark. 
Richmond, Jonathan. 
Ringeold, Samuel. 
Robertson, George. 
Rogers. Thomas J. 
Ross, John. 
Ross, Thomas K. 
Sampson, Zabdiel. 
Sawyer, Lemuel. 
Sergeant. John, 
Settle, Tliomas. 
Shaw. Henry. 
Silsbee, Nathaniel. 
Simkins. Eldied. 
Sloan, .Tohn. 
Slocum, Jesse. 
Smith, Ballard. 
Smith, I!(!rnard. 
Smith, Janios S. 
Smith. .Samuel. 
Smyth, .\lexandcr. 
.Southard, Henry. 
Stevens, .lames. 
Slorrs. Henry. 
Street, R'andall A. 
Strong. .Tames. 
Strong. William. 
St rot her. George F. 
Tarr. Christian. 
Ten-ill. William. 
Toralinson, Gideon. 
Tompkins, Caleb. 
Tracey, Albert H. 
Trimble, David. 
Tucker, George. 
Tucker, Sterling. 
Tyler, John. 
Udree. Daniel.l7 
MUpliam, NalhanieL 
Walker, David. 
Walker, Felix. 
Wallace, James JI. 
Waifield, Henry R. 
Wendover, Peter H. 
Whitman, I>,ekiel. 



Williams, Jared. Wood, Silas. 

Williams, Lewis. 

1. Elected Speaker in place of Henry Clay, re- 
signed. 2. Elected in place of .Tames Pleasants, 
r(^signed. 3. Elected in place of Jesse Slocum, de- 
ceased. 4. Elected in place of John Holmes, elected 
Senator. 5. Elected in place of Edward Dowse, re- 
signed. 6. Elected in place of Jonathan Mason, re- 
signed. 7. Elected in place of James Johnson, 
resigned. 8. Successfully contested the seat of 
Ebenezer Sage. 9. Elected in place of .Tames Burrill, 
elected Senator. 10. Elected in ijlace of Zabdiel 
Sampson, resigned. 11. Elected in place of James 
Pindell, resigned. 12. Elected in place of David 
Walker, deceased. 13. Successfully contested the 
election of Orasmus C. Merrill. 14. Elected in place 
of David Fullerton. resigned, l.'i. Ekcted in place 
of George F. Strother. resigned. Ki. Elected in place 
of Tunstall Quarles, Jr., resigned. 17. Elected in 
place of ,Toseph Heister, resigned. 

Tcrrilnrial Delegates. 
Bates, James Wordson. Sibley, Solomon,] 
Scott, John. Wdodbridge, William W. 

1. Elected in place of W. W. Woodbridge, resigned. 
THE SEViCNTEENTH CONGRESS. 
Senators. 



iii«, Vice-President. 
Mills, Elijah H. 
Morrill, David L. 
Noble, James, 
Otis, Harrison, Gray. 
Palmer, William A. 
Parrott, John F. 
Pinckney, William. 
Pleasants, James. 
Rodney, Caesar A. 
Ruggles, Benjamin. 
Seymour. Horatio. 
Smith, Samuel. 4 
Smith, William. 
Southard, Samuel L. 
Stokes, Montford. 
Talbot, Isham. 
Taylor, John.5 
Taylor, Walter. 
Thomas, Jesse B. 
Trimble, William A. 
Van Buren, Martin. 
Van Dyke, Nicholas. 
Walker, John W. 
Ware, Nicholas. 6 
Williams, John H. 
Williams, Thomas H. 



Daniel D. Tompk 
Barbour, James. 
Barton, David. 
l!euton, Thomas H. 
Boardman, Elijah. 
Brown, Ethan A. 1 
Krown. James. 
Chandler. John. 
D'Woli'e. James. 
Dickerson, Mahlou. 
Eaton, John H. 
Edwards, Neman. 
Elliott, John. 
Findley, William. 
Gaillard, John. 
Holmes, David. 
Holmes, John. 
.Tohuson, Henry. 
.Johnson. Richard M 
Kelly, William. 2 
King, Rut'us. 
King, William R. 
Knight, Nehemiah. 
Ijanman, James. 
Tiloyd, Edward. 
Lloyd, James.3 
Lourie. Walter. 
Macon Nathaniel. 

1. Elected in place of W^illiam A. Trimble, de- 
ceased. 2. Elected in place of John W. Walker, 
resigned. 3. Elected in place of Harrison G. Otis, 

4. Elected in place of WUliam Pinckney, 

5. Elected in place of James Pleasants, 

6. Elected in place of Freeman Walker, 



resigned, 
decea.sed. 
resigned, 
resigned. 



Repeesentatives. 



Fhilip p. 
Abbott, Joel. 
Alexander, Mark. 
Allen, Robert. 
Allen, Samuel C. 
Archer, William S. 
Ball, WUliam Lee. 
Baldwin, Henry. 
Barber, Noyes. 
Barber, Levi. 



Barbour, Speaker. 

Barbour, Philip P. 
Bassett, Burwell. 
Barston, Gideon. 
Bateman, Ephraim. 
Bayliss, Francis; 
Bayley, Thomas. 
Bigelow, Lewis. 
Blackledge, William 3. 
Blair, James. 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



Borland, Charles. 1 


Lathrop, Samuel. 


Stoddard, Ebenezer. 


Van Wyck, William W. 


Breckeurldge, James D. 


Leftwich, .labez. 


Swan, Samuel. 


Walker, Felix. 


Brown, John. 


Lincoln, Enoch. 


Tattnall, Edward F. 


Walworth, Reuben H. 


Brvan, Henry.2 


Litchlield, Elisha. 


Taylor, .John W. 


Warfield, Henry R. 


BuchanKan, James. 


Little, Peter. 


Thompson, Wiley. 


Whipple, Thomas, Jr. 


Burton, Hutehins G. 


Long, John. 


Todd, John. 


White, Phineas. 


Burrows, Daniel. 


Lowndes, William. 


Tomlinson, Gideon. 


Whitman, Ezekiel. 


Butler, Josiali. 


Mallory, Rollin C. 


Tracy, Albert H. 


Williams, Jared. 


Cambreleng, Churchill C 


Matlack, James. 


Trimble, David. 


Williams, Lewis. 


Campbell, John Vi'. 


Matson, Aaron. 


Tucker. George. 


Williams, William D. 


Campbell. Saunul. 


JLattocks, John. 


Tucker, Sterling. 


Wilson. John. 


Cannon, Newton. 


McCarthy, Richard. 


Fdree, Daniel. 17 


Wood, Silas. 


Carter, John. 3 


McCoy, William. 


Upham, Nathaniel. 


Woodcock, David. 


Cassedy, (ieorge. 


McDuflie, George. 


Vance, John. 


Woodson. Samuel IT. 


Causden, .leremiah. 


McKim, Isaac. 12 


Van Rensselaer, Solomon. Worman. Ludwig. 


Chambers, David. 


McLane, Louis. 


Van Rensselaer.Stephen. Wright, Robe't. 


Cocke, John. 


McNeil, Archibald. 


Van Svvearingen, Thomas. 


Golden, Cadwallader D.4 McSherry, James. 


1. Elected in place of Selah Tuthill, deceased. 


Condit, Lewis. 


Mercer, Charles F. 


2. Regularly elected but appears never to have taken 


Conkling, Allred. 


Metcalf, Thcimas. 


his .seat. '.). Elected in 


place of James Blair, resi'jrned. 


Connor, Henry. 


Milnor, William. 


4. Successfully contested the election of Peter Sharpe. 


Cook, Daniel P. 


Mitchell, James S. 


5. Elected in place of William Miluer, resinned 


Crafts, Samuel C. 


Mitchell, Thomas R. 


6. Elected in phice ot 


Henry Baldwin, resigned. 7. 


Crudup, Henry. 


Jlontgomery, Thomas. 


Elected in place of James Overstreet, deceased. 8. 


Cushman, Joshua. 


Moore, Gabriel. 


Elected in i)lace of 


William Lowndes, resigned. 


Cuthbert, Alfred. 


Moore, Samuel. 


9. Elected in place of Ezekiel Whitman, resigned 


Dane, Joseph. 


Moore, Thomas L. 


10. Elected in place of Samuel Moore, resigned. 11. 


Darlington, William. 


Morgan, John .1. 


Elected in place of 


William Hendricks, resigned. 


Dennison, George. 


Murray, Tlioraas Jr. 


12. Elected in place 


of Samuel Smith, elected Sen- 


Dickerson, John T). 


Neal, Raphael. 


ator. 13. Successfully contested the election of Jere- 


Durfee, -Job. 


Nelson, Hugh. 


miah Causden. 14. 


Elected Senator. 1.^. Elected 


Dwight, Henry "VV. 


Nelson, Jeremiah. 


in place of Caesar A. 


Rodney, elected Senator. Ifi. 


E('d.'. Samuel. 


Nelson, John. 


Elected in place of 


Ludwig Worman, deceased. 


Edwards, Heury W. 


New, Anthony. 


17. Elected in place 


of Solomon Van Rensselaer, 


Edwards, Samuel. 


Newton, Thomas. 


resigned. 




Edwards, Weldon N. 


Overstreet, James. 


Territorial Delegates. 


Eust s, William. 


Patterson, Thomas. 


Bates, James W. 


Sibley, Solomon. 


Farrclly, Patrick. 


Patterson, Walter. 


Hernandez, Joseph M 




Findley, John. 


Phillips, .lohn. 




Floyd, John. 


Pierson, Jeremiah H. 


THE EIGHTEENTH CONGRESS. 


Forrest, Thomas.5 


Pitcher, Nathaniel. 


c 




Forward, Walter.6 


Plummer. George. 


biiiJNAlUKS. 


Fuller, Timothy. 


Plumraer, William, .fr. 


Daniel D. Tompkins, Vice-PrcKhh'nl. 


Garnett, Robert S. 


Poinsett, Joel R. 


Barbour, James. 


King, Rufus. 


Gebhard, John. 


Randolph, John. 


Barton, David. 


King, William R. 


Gilmer, George R. 


Rankin, Christopher. 


Bell, Samuel. 


Knight, Nehemiah. 


Gist, James. 


Reed, John. 


Benton, Thomas H. 


Lanman, James. 


Gorham. Benjamin. 


Reed, Philip. 13 


Bouligney, Dominique. 1 Lloyd. Edward. 


Govau, Andrew G.7 


Reid, Robert R. 


Branch, John. 


Lloyd, James. 


Gross, Samuel. 


Rhea, John. 


Brown, Ethan Allen. 


Lonrie, Walter. 


Hall, John U. 


Rich, Charles. 


Brown, James. 


Macon, Nathaniel. 


Hamilton. James W.8 


Eoche.ster, Willi.am B. 


Chandler, John. 


Mcnvaine,^Toseph.6 


Hardin, Benjamin. 


Rodney, C:esar A.14 


Clavton, Thomas, 2 


McLean. John.7 


Harris, Mark.9 


Rodney, John.].") 


Cobb, Thomas W.3 


Mills, Elijah Hunt. 


Hiirvey, Mathew. 


Rogers, Thomas J. 


Dickerson, Mahlon. 


Noble, .James. 


Hawkes, .lohn. 


Ross, Thomas R. 


De Wolfe, James. 


Palmer. William A. 


H'-mphill, Joseph. 


Ruggles, Charles H. 


Eaton, .lohn H. 


Parrott, John F. 


Hendricks, William. 


Russ, John. 


Edwards, Henry W.4 


Ruggles, Benja.nin. 


Heirick, Ebenezer. 


Russell, Jonathan. 


Edwards, Ninian. 


Sej-monr, Horatio. 


Hill, Mark L. 


Sanders, R(unulus. 


Elliott, .Tolm. 


Smith. Samuel. 


Hobart, Aaron. 


Sawyer, Lemuel. 


Findley. William. 


Talbot, Isham. 


Holcomb, George. 


Scott. John. 


Gaillard, John. 


Taylor, .Tohn. 


Hooks, Charles. 


Sergeant, John. 


Hayne, Robert Y. 


Taylor, Walter. 


liubhard. Thomas H. 


Sloan, John. 


Holmes, David. 


Tazewell. Littleton W.8 


Ingham, Samuel D.IO 


Stewart, Andrew. 


Holmes, John. 


Thomas, Jesse B. 


.fa-ksou. Edward B. 


Smith, ,\rthur. 


.Jackson, Andrew. 


Van Dyke. Nicholas. 


Jenuirg^ .Jonathan. 11 


Smith. .John S. 


.Johnson, Henry. 


Van Buren, Martin. 


Johnson, Francis. 


Siuilii. Samuel. 


.Johnson, Richard M. 


Ware. Nicholas. 


Johnson, .John T. 


Smith, William. 


Johnston, .Josiali S. 5 


Williams, Thomas H. 


Johnson, .losiali S. 


Smyth, .Me.xarider. 


Kelly, AVilliam. 




.lones, Francis. 


Spencer, Elijah. 


1. Elected in place 


of Henry Johnson, resigned. 


Jones, .James. 


Sterling, .\nsel. 


2. Elected in place of Cassar A. Rodney, resigned. 


Kent, .loseph. 


Sterling, .\Iicah. 


3. Elected in place 


of Nicholas Ware, deceased. 


Keys, F.lias. 


Steven.son, Alexander. 


4. Elected in place of Elijah Boardman, deceased. 


Kirkhiud, Joseph. 


Stevenson, ,Iames.l6 


b. Elected in place 


ol James Brown, resigned. 



TABULAR RECOEDS. 



XTxvil 



6. Electtd in place of Samuel L. Southard, resigned. 

7. Elected in plact; of Ninian Edwards, resigned. 

8. Elected in place of John Taylor, deceased. 

RlCrUESENTAirVES. 
JJciiri/ Clay, Speaker. 



Abbott, Joel. 
Adams, Parmenio.l 
Alexander. Adam R. 
Alexander, Mark. 
Allen, Robert. 
Allen, Samuel C. 
Allison, James. 
Archer, William S. 
Bailey, John. 
Ball, William Lee. 
Barber, Noves. 
Barbour, John S. 
Barbour. Philip P. 
Bartlett, Ichabod. 
Bartley, Mordecai. 
Bassett, Burwell. 
Baylies, Francis. 
Bcecher, Philemon. 
Blair, John. 
Bradley, William C. 
Breck, Samuel. 
Brent, William L. 
Brown, John. 
Buchanan, James. 
Buck, Daniel A. A. 
Buektier, Richard A. 
Burleigh, William. 
Burton, Hutchins G. 
Cady. John N. 
Call, Jacob.2 
Canibreleng, Churchill ( '. 
Campbell, Johu W. 
Campbell, Robert B. 
Carey, George. 
Carter, John. 
Cassedj, George. 
Clark, Lot. 
Cobb, Thomas W.3 
Cocke, John. 
Collins, Ela. 
Condit, Lewis. 
Connor, Henry W. 
Cook, Daniel P. 
Crafts, Samuel C. 
Craig, Hector. 
Crowninshield, Benj. W. 
Culpepper, John. 
Cushman, Joshua. 
Cuthbcrt, Alfred. 
Day, Roland. 
Durfee, Job. 
D wight, Henry W. 
Dwinell, Justin. 
Eaton, Lewis. 
Eddy, Samuel. 
Edwards, Samuel. 
Edwards, Weldon M. 
Ellis, William Cox. 
Farrelly, Patrick. 
Findley, John. 
Floyd, John. 
Foote, Charles A. 
Foote, Samuel A. 
Forsyth, John. 
Forward, Walter. 
Frost, Joel. 
Fuller, Timothy. 
Gaillard, John. 
Garrett, Robert S. 



Garrison, Daniel. 
Gatlin. Alfred M. 
Govan, .\ndrew R, 
Gazlay, James W. 
Gist, Joseph. 
Gurley. II. II. 
Hail, Thciiiia.s H. 
Hamilton, James, Jr. 
Harris, Robert. 
Har\ey, Mathew. 
Harden, Moses. 
Hayward, William Jr. 
Hemphill, Joseph. 
Henry, Robert P. 
Herkimer, .John. 
Herrick, Ebenezer. 
Hobart, Aaron. 
Hogeboom, Jame.s I/. 
Holcombe, George. 
Hooks, Charles. 
Houston, Samuel. 
Ingham, Samuel 1). 
Isaacs, Jacob C. 
Jenkins, Lemuel. 
Jennings. Jonathan. 
Johnson Franc'is. 
.lohnson, John T. 
.Johnson, Joseph. 
Kent, Josepli. 
Kidder, David. 
Kreamer, George. 
Lathrop, Samuel. 
Lawrence, Samuel. 
Lee, John. 
Leftwitch, .labez. 
Letcher, Robert 1'. 
Lincoln, Enoch. 
Litchfield, Elisha. 
Little, Peter. 
Livermore, Arthur. 
Livingston, Edward. 
Locke, John. 
Long, John. 
Longfellow, Stephen. 
Mallory, Rollin C. 
Mangum, Willie 1'. 
Marion, Dndlev. 
Markly, Philip S. 
Martiudale, Henry C. 
Matlack, James. 
Matson, Aaron. 
Mc.\rthur, Duncan. 
McCoy, William. 
McDufRe. George. 
McKean, Samuel. 
McKee, John. 
McKim, Isaac. 
McLane, Louis. 
McLane, William. 
Mercer, Charles F. 
Metcalf, Thomas. 
Miller, David H. 
Mitchell. George E. 
Mitchell, James S. 
Moore, Gabriel P. 
Moore, Thomas P. 
Morgan, John J. 
Neal, Raphael. 
Nelson, .Jeremiah. 



Newton, Thomas. 

O'Brien, Jeremiali. 

Olin, Henry. 4 

Outlaw, George. 5 

Owen, George W. 

Patterson, .John. 

Patterson, Thomas. 

Plummer, (Jeorge. 

Plummer, William, Jr. 

I'oinsett. .Joel R. 

Prince, William. 

Randolph, John. 

Kankin. Christopher. 

Reed, John. 

Reynolds, James B. 

Rich, Charles. 

Richards, John. 

Rives, William 0. 

Rogers, Thomas J. 

Rose, Robert S. 
Ross, Thomas R. 
Sandford, Joseph T. 
Saunders, Romulus M. 
Scott, John. 
Sharpe, Peter. 
Sibley, Jonas. 
Sloane, .Joseph. 
Smith, Arthur. 
Smith, William. 
Smyth, Alexander. 
Spaight. Richard D. 
Spenee, John S. 
Standefer, .James. 
Sterling, Ansel. 
Stevenson, Andrew. 
Ste% enson, James. 
Stoddard, Ebenezer. 
Storrs, Henry R. 
Strong, James. 
Stewart, Andrew. 
Swan, Samuel. 



Taliaferro, John. 6 
Tattnall, JCdward T. 
Taylor, John W. 
Ten Eyck, Egbert. 
Test, John. 
Tiiompson, Pliilip. 
Tliompson, Wiley. 
'rhdiusdU. Alexan<Ier.7 
Todd, .John. 
'I'omlinson. Gideon. 
Tracy, Albert II. 
Trimble, David. 
'I'ucker, Starlin..;. 
Tyson, Jacob, 
lldree, Daniel. 
Vance, Joseph. 
A'auce, Robert B. 
Van Rensselaer, Stephen. 
\'an Wyck, William. 
Vinton, Samuel T. 
Warfield, Henry B. 
Wayne, Isaac. 
Webster, Daniel. 
NNTiipple, Thomas. 
White, David. 
Whitlesey, Elisha. 
Whitman, Samuel. 
Wickliffe, Charles A . 
Wilde, Richard Hemy,8 
Williams, l.saac. 
Williams, Jared. 
^ViIliams, Lewis. 
Wilson, Henry. 
Wilson, Isaac. 
Wilson, James. 
Wilson, John. 
Wilson, William. 
W ood, Silas. 
Woods. William. 
Wolfe, George. 9 
Wright, John C. 



1. Successfully contested the seat of Isaac Williams. 

2. Elected in place of AVilliam Prince, deceased. 

3. Elected Senator in place of Michael Ware, de- 
ceiised. 4. Elected in place of Charles Rich, de- 
ceased. 5. Elected in place of Hutchins G. Barton, 
resigned. 6. Elected in ])Uice of John Todd, re- 
signed. 7. Elected in place ol William Lee Ball, 
deceased. 8. Elected in place of Thomas W^. Cobb, 
elected Senator. 9. Elected in place of Thomas J. 
Rogers, resigned. 

TerriloHal Delegates. 
Call, Richard K. Richards, Galiriel. 

Conway, Henry W. 

THE NINETEENTH CONGRESS. 

Senatobs. 

John C. Calhoun, Vice-Preniilent. 



Barbour, .James. 
Barton, David. 
Bateman. Ephraim.1 
Bell, Samuel. 
Berrian , John McPher.son 
Benton, Thomas H. 
Bouligney, Dominique. 
Branch, John. 
Chambers, Ezekiel.2 
Chambers, Henry. 
Chandler, John. 
Chase, Dudley. 
Clavton, Thomas. 
Colib, Thomas W. 
Dickerson, Mahlon. 
D' Wolfe, James 



Eaton, John H. 
Edwards, Henry W. 
Ellis, Powhatta'n.3 
Findley, William. 
Gaillard, .John. 
Harper, William. 4 
Harrison, William H. 
Hayne, Robert Y. 
Hendricks, W^illiam. 
Holmes, David. 
Holmes, John. 
Jackson, Andrew. 
Johnson, Richard M. 
John.ston, Josiah S. 
Kane. Elias K. 
King, William R. 



TABULAR KECOKDS. 



Kuiglit, Xeheiuiah R. 
l.loyd, Edward. 
T.Ioyd, James. 
MacoD, Nathaniel. 5 
Marks, William. 
Mcllvane, Jo.sfph. 
McKinlev, John. 6 
Mills, Elijah H. 
Noble, James. 
Pickens, Israel. 7 
Randolph, John. 8 
Keed, Thomas B.9 
Kidgely, Henry M.IO 
Robbins, Ashur.U 
Rodney, Daniel. 12 



Rowan, John. 
Ruggles, Benjamin. 
Sanford, Nathan. 
Seymour, Horatio. 
Silsbee, Nathaniel. 13 
Smith, Samuel. 
Smith, WiUiam. 14 
Tazewell, Littleton. 
Thomas, .lesse B. 
Van Buren, Martin. 
Van Dyke, Nicholas. 
White, Hugh Lawson.15 
Willey, Calvin. 16 
Williams, Thoma.s'H. 



Woodbury, Levi. 

1. Elected in i)lace of Joseph Jlcllvane, decea.sed. 

2. Elected in place of Edward Lloyd, resigned. 3. 

Appointed in place of David Holmes, resigned. 4. 

Appointed in place of John Gaillard, deceased. 

5. Elected in place of Willie P. Mangum, resigned. 

6. Elected in place of Henry Chambers, deceased. 

7. Appointed in place of Henry Chambers, deceased. 

8. Elected in place of James Barbour, resigned. 9. 
Elected in place of David Holmes, resigned. 10. 
Elected in place of Nicholas Van Dyke, deceased. 

11. Elected in place of James D'Wolfe, resigned. 

12. Appointed in place of Nicholas Van Dyke, de- 
ceased. 13. Elected in place of James ' Lloyd, 
resigned. 14. Elected in place of John GaillaVd, 
deceased. 15. Elected in place of Andrew Jackson, 
resigned. 16. Elected in place of .lames Lanmanj 
appointed during recess of the Legislature but whom 
the Senate declared not entitled to a seat. 

REPRE.SKNTATIVES. 
John W. Taylor, Speaker. 

Adams, Parmenio. Cassedy, George. 

Adams, William. Claiborne. Nathaniel If. 

Alexander, Ad^mi R. Clark. James. 

Alexander, U::vk. Cocke, .lohn. 

Allen, Robert. Condit. Lewis. 

Allen, Samuel C. Connor, Henry W. 

Alston, Willis. Cook, Daniel P. 

Anderson, John. Crowninshield, V.rn]. \V. 

.•Vngel, William G. Crump, George W 

Archer, William S. Cuthbcrt, Alfred. 

Armstrong, Williani Daveuport. Thomas. 

Ashley. Henry. Davis, .John. 

Badger, Luther. Deitz, William. 

Bailey, John. Dorsev, Clement. 

Baldwin. John. Drayton, William. 

Barber, Noyes. Dwight, Henry \\'. 

Barbour, John .-!. Eastman, Neheiniah 

Barney, John Edwards, Samuel. 

Baninger, Daniel l,.l Edwards, Welden N 

Bartlett, Ichabod. Estil, Benjamin. 

Bartley, Mordecai. Everett. Edward. 

Bassett, Burwell. Farrelly, Patrick. 

Baylies, Francis. Findlay, James. 

Beecher, Philemon. Findlay, .John. 

Blair, John. Floyd,' John. 

Boone, Ratlifte. Fonsyth, John. 

Bradley, William C. Forward, Chauncev 2 

Brent, William L. Fosdick, Nicoll. 

Brown, Titus. Garnett, Robert S. 

/iryan, John K. Garrison. Daniel. 

Buchanan. James. Garnsey. Daniel G. 

Buckner, Richard .V. Gist, Joseph, 

ilurgcss, Tristam. Govan, Andrew G. 

Burleigh, William. Gurley. Henrv }l. 
Cambreleng, Chunhill C. Haile," William. 3 

Campbell, .John W. ILalloek, .John. 

Carey, George. Hamilton, James. 

<:)arson, Samuel P. Harris, IJobert. 

.Carter. John. Harvey, .Jonathan. 



Hasbrouek, Abraham B. Moore, Thomas P. 

Hayden, iloses. Newton, Thomas. 

Haynes, Charles E. O'Brien, Jeremiah. 

Healey, Joseph. Orr, Robert. 

Hemphill, James. Owen, George W. 

Henry, John F.4 Pearce, Duttee J. 

Henry, Jtobert P. Peter, George. 

Herrick, Ebenezer. Phillips, Elisha. 

Hines, Richard. Plummer, George. 

Hobart, Aaron. Polk, James K. 

Hoffman, Michael. Porter, Timothy H. 

Holcomb, George. Powell, Alfred H. 

Holmes, Gabriel. Rankin, Christopher. 

Houston, Samuel. Reed, .John. 

Hugunin, David, Jr. Ripley, James W.8 

Humphrey, Charles. Rives, William C. 

IngersoU, Raljjh J. Rose, Robert S. 

Ingham, Samuel D. Ross, Henry H. 

Isaacks, Jacob C. Sands, Joshua. 

Jennings, David. Saunders, Romulus M. 

Jennings, .Jonathan. Sawyer, Lemuel. 

Johnson, Francis. Scott, John. 

Johnson, James. Shannon, Thomas.9 

Johnson, Jeromus. Sill, Thomas H.IO 

Johnson, Joseph. Sloane, John. 

Kellogg, Charles. Smith, William. 

Kent, Joseph. Sprague, Peleg. 

Kerr, John Leeds. Stevenson, .Andrew. 

Kidder, iJavid, Stevenson,- James S. 

Kittera, Thomas.5 Storrs, Henry R. 

Krebs, Jacob. 6 Strong, James. 

Kremer, George. Stewart, Andrew. 

Lathrop, Samuel. Swan, Samuel. 

Lawrence, Joseph. Talliaferro, .John. 

Lecompte, Joseph. Tattnall, Edward F. 

Letcher. Robert P. Taylor, Robert. 

Lincoln, Enoch. Ten Eyck, Egbert. 

Little, Peter. Test, John. 

Livingston, Edward. Thompson, John. 

Locke, John. Thompson, Wiley. 

Long, John. Thomson, Alexander. 

Mallory, Rollin C. Tomlinson, Gide-m. 

Mangum, Willie P. Trezrant, John. 

Marable, .John H. Trimble, David. 

Markell, Henry. Tucker, Ebenezi r. 

Markley. Philip S. Tucker, Starling. 

Martin, Robert X. Vance, Joseph. 

Martindale, Henry C. Van Horn, Espy. 

Mattocks, John. Van Rensselaer, Stephen. 

Marvin, Dudley. Varnum, John. 

McCoy, William. Verplank, Gulian C. 

McDuffie, George. Vinton, Samuel F. 

McHattou. Roberti.7 Ward, Aaron. 

McKean, Samuel. Waters, George E. 

McKee, .John. Webster, Daniel. 

McLane, Louis. Weems, John C.ll 

McLean, William. WTiipple, Thomas. Jr. 

McManus, William. Whit«, Barton. 

McNeil, Archibald. Whittemore Elisha. 

Meech, Ezra. Whittlesey. Elisha. 

Mercer, Charles F. Wickliflfe, Charles A. 

Merriwether. James. Williams. Lewis. 

Merwin, Orange. Wilson, Henry. 

Metcalf, Thomas. Wilsim. .lames. 

Miller, Daniel H. Wilson, .John. 

Miller, John. Wilson, William. 

Mitchell, George E. Wolf, George, 

Mitchell, James C. Wood, Silas. 

Mitchell, James S. Woods, .John. 

Mitchell, John. Worthington, Thomas C. 

Mitchell. Thomas R. Wright. John C. 

Miner, Charles. Wurtz, John. 

Moore. Gabriel. Young, William S. 

1. Elected in place of WiUie P. Mangum, resigned. 
2. Elected in place of .\lexander Thomson, resigned. 



TABULAK KECUKDS. 



3. Elected in place of Christopher Eankin, deceased. 

4. Elected iu place of Kobert P. Hemy, deceased. 

5. Elected iu place of Joseph Hemphill, resigned. 

6. Elected in ])lace of Henry Wilson, deceased. 7. 
Elected in place of James Johnson, deceased. 8. 
Elected in place of Enoch Lincoln, resigned. 

9. Elected in place of David Jennings, resigned. 

10. Elected in place of Patrick Farrelly, deceased. 

11. Elected in place of Joseph Kent, resigned. 

Territorial Delegates. 
Conway, Heniy W. Wing, Austin E. 

White, Joseph '.M. 

THE TWENTIETH CONGRESS. 
Sen.vtoes. 
John V. Calhoun, Vice-President. 
Bateman, Ephraim. Knight, Nehnniali R. 

Barnard. Isaac. Macon Nathaniel. 

Barton, David. Marks, William. 

Bell, Samuel. McKinley, .lohn. 

Benton, Thomas H. JIcLane, Louis. 

Berrian, John McPherson. Noble, James, 
Boaligney, Dominique. Parris, Albion K. 



Branch, .John. 
Burnett, Jacob. 1 
Chambers, Ezekiel F. 
Chandler. John. 
Chase, Dudlev. 
Cobb, Thomas W. 
Dickerson, Mahlon.2 
Dudley, Charles E.3 
Eiiton, John H. 
Ellis, Powhattan. 
Foot, Samuel. 
Harrison, William H. 
Hayne, Robert Y. 
Hendricks, William. 
Holmes, John. 4 
Iredell, James.5 
Johnson, Richard M. 
Johnston, Josiah S. 
Kane, Elias K. 



Prince, Oliver H.H 
Ridgeley, Henry M. 
Robbins, Asa. 
Rowan, John. 
-Ruggles, Benjamin. 
Sanford, Nathan. 
Seymour, Horatio. 
Silsbee, Nathaniel. 
Smith, Samuel. 
Smith, William. 
Tazewell, Littleton. 
Thomas, Jesse B. 
Tyler, John. 
Van Buren, Martin. 
Webster, Daniel, 
White, Hugh Lawson. 
Willey, Calvin. 
Williams, Thomas H. 
Woodbury, Levi. 



King, William R. 

1. Elected in place of W. H. Harrison, resigned. 
2. Resigned, and was elected in place of Ephraim 
Bateman, resigned. 3. Elected in place of Martin 
Van Buren, resigned. 4. Elected in place of Albion 
K. Parris, resigned. 5. Elected in place of Nathaniel 
Macon, resigned. 6. Elected in place of Thomas W. 
Cobb, resigned. 

Representatives. 



A ndrew 
Adams, William. 
Alexander, IMark. 
Allen, Robert. 
Allen, Samuel C. 
Alston, Willis. 
Anderson, John. 
Anderson. Samuel. 
Archer, William S. 
Armstrong. William. 
Bailey, John. 
Baldwin, .Tohn. 
Barber, Noycs. 
Barbour. John S. 
Barbour, I'hilip P. 
Barker, David, ,Ir. 
Barlow, Stephen. 
Barnard, Daniel 1). 
Barney. John. 
Barringer, Daniel L. 
Bartlett, Ichabod. 
Bartley, Mordecai. 



Stereiison, Speaker. 

Bassett, Burwell. 
Bates, Edward. 
Bates, Isaac C. 
Beecher, Philemon. 
Belden, George O. 
Bell, John. 
Blair, John. 
Blake, Thomas H. 
Brent, William L. 
Brown, Titus. 
Bryan, John H. 
Buchanan, James. 
Buck, Daniel A. .\. 
Buckner, liichard .\. 
Bunner, Rudolph. 
Burges, Tristam. 
Butman, Samuel, 
("ambrelcng, C. C. 
Carter, John. 
Carson, Samuel P. 
Chilton. Thomas. 



Chambers, John. 1 
Chase, Samuel. 
Claiborne, Nathaniel H. 
Clark, James. 
Clark, John C. 
Conflict, Lewis. 
Connor, Henry W. 
Coulter, Richard. . 
Crockett, David. 
Creighton, William, Jr. 
Crowninshield, Benj. W. 
Culpepper, John. 
Daniel, Henry. 
Davenport, John. 
Davenport, Thomas. 
Davis, John. 
Davis, Wanen, K. 
De Graft", John T. 
T)esha, Robert. 
Dickinson. John D. 
Dorsey, Clement. 
Drajiion, William. 
Duncan, Joseph. 
Dwight, Henry W. 
Earll, Jonas. 
Everett, Edward. 
Findlay, James. 
Floyd, John. 
Floyd, John. 
Foot, Tomlinson. 
Forward, Chauncey. 
Fry, James, Jr. 
Gale, Levin. 
Garnsey, Daniel E. 
Garrow, Nathaniel. 
Gilmer, George 1.'. 
Gorham, Beuianiin, 
Green, James, 
Gurlev', Henry H. 
Hails, William, 
Hall, Thomas H, 
Hallock, John. 
Hamilton, James. .Tr. 
Harvey, .Jonathan. 
Haynes, Charles E. 
Healy, Joseph. 
Hinds, Thomas.2 
Hobbie. Selah R, 
Hodges, Jame.s L. 
Hoffman, Michael. 
Holcomb, George, 
Holmes, Gabriel, 
Hunt, Jonathan. 
Ingham, Samuel D. 
IngersoU. Raljih J, 
Isaacs, Jacob C, 
Jennings, Jonathan, 
Kerr, John Leeds. 
Keese, Richard. 
King, Adam. 
Kreamer, George, 
Lawrence, .loseph. 
Lea, Pryor, 
Leffler, Isaac, 
Lecompte, Joseph, 
Letcher, Robert P, 
Little, Peter. 
Livingston, Edward. 
Locke, John. 
Long, John. 
Lumpkin, Wilson, 
Lyon, Chittenden. 
JIagee, .lohn. 
Marable, .John H. 
Mallory, RoUin G, 



Markell, Henry. 
Martin, William D. 
Martindale, Henry C, 
Marvin, Dudley. 
Maxwell, Lewis. 
Maynard, John. 
McCoy, William. 
McDuffie, George. 
McHatton, Robert. 
Mclntire, Rufus. 
McKean. Samuel. 
McKee, John. 
McLean, William. 
Metcalf, Thomas. 
Mercer, Charles F. 
Merwin, Orange. 
MUler, Daniel H. 
Jiiiner, Charles. 
Mitchell, James C. 
Mitchell, John. 
Mitchell, Thomas R. 
Moore, Gabriel. 
Moore, Thomas P. 
Muhlenberg, Fred F.3 
Newton, Thomas. 
Nuckolls, William T. 
Oakley, Thomas .1, 
O'Brien, Jeremiah. 
Orr, Robert, Jr. 
Owen, George W. 
Pearce, DutteeJ. 
Phillips. Elisha. 
Pierson. Isaac. 
Plant, David. 
Polk, James K. 
Rani.sey, William. 
Randolph, .lames F.4. 
Randolph, John 
Reed, John. 
Richardson, Joseph. 
Ripley, James W . 
Rives, William C 
Roane, John. 
Russell, William. 
Sawyer, Lemuel 
Sergeant, John. 
Sheppard, Augustine H. 
Sinnickson, Thomas, 6 
Sloane, John, 
Slower, John G. 
Smith, Oliver H. 
Smyth, Alexander. 
Sprague, Peleg. 
Sprigg, Miehael C. 
Stanberg, WUliam. 
Steregere. John B. 
Stevenson. Josephs. 
Stewart, Andrew. 
Storrs, Henry K. 
Strong, James. 
Sutherland, John. 
Swan, Samuel. 
Swift, Benjamin 
Taber, Thomas. '_\l 6 
Talliaferro, John. 
Taylor, John W. 
Thompson, Hodge. 
Thompson, Wiley. 
Tiacey, Phineas L 
Tre/.vant, John. 
Tucker, Ebenezer. 
Tucker, Starling. 
Turner, Daniel. 
Vance, Joseph. 
\'an Horn, Espy. 



TABLLAK RECOKDS. 



Vau Rensselaer, Stephen. 
Varnum, John. 
Verplank, Gulian C. 
Vinton, Samuel F. 
Wales, George E. 
Ward, Aaron. 
Washington, George C. 
Weenis, John C. 
Whipple, Thomas, .Jr. 
Whittlesey, Elisha. 
Wickliffe, Charles A. 
Wilde, ];ichard Henry. 



WOliams, Lewis. 
Wilson, Ephraim. 
Wilson, James. 
Wingate, Joseph F. 
WoU'e, George. 
Wood, John, Jr. 
Wood, Sila.s. 
Woods, John. 
Woodcock, David. 
Wright, John C. 
Wright, Silas. 
Yancey, Joel. 



1. Elected in place of Thomas Metcalf, resigned. 
•i. Elected in place of William Hails, resigned. 

3. Elected in place of William Creighton, resigned. 

4. Elected in place of George Holcomb, deceased. 

5. Elected in place of Hodge Thompson, deceased. 
ti. Elected in place of Thomas J. Oakley, resigned. 

Territorial Drlcr/ates. 
Sevier, A. H. Wing, Austin E. 

White, Joseph M. 

THE TWENTY-FIRST. CONGRESS. 

Senators. 
John C. Calhoun, Vice-President. 



Adams, Robert H.l 
Baker, David J. 2 
Barnard, Isaac D. 
Barton, David. 
Bell, Samuel. 
Benton, Thomas H. 



King, William R. 
Knight, Nehemiah R. 
Livingston, Edward. 
Marks, William. 
McKinley, John. 
McLane, Loais. 



Berrian, John McPherson. McLean, John. 



Bibb, George M. 
Branch, John. 
Brown, Bedford.3 
Burnett, .lacob. 
(;hambers, Ezekiel F. 
Chase, Dudley. 
Clayton, John M. 
Dickerson, Mahlon. 
Dudley, Charles E. 
Eaton, John E. 
Ellis, Powhattan. 
I\)Ot, Samuel A. 
FDrsvth, John. 4 



Naudain, Arnold. 6 
Noble, James. 
Poindexter, George.7 
Robbins, Asher. 
Robinson, John M.8 
Rowan John. 
Ruggles, Benjamin. 
Sanford, Nathan. 
Seymour, Horatio. 
Silsbee, Nathaniel. 
Smith, Samuel. 
Smith, William. 
Sprague, Peleg. 



Fveliughuysen, Theodore. Tazewell, Littleton W. 



Grundy, Felix..") 
Hayne, Koljert Y. 
Hendricks, William. 
Holmes, John. 
Iredell, James. 
Jolinston, Joshia T. 
Kane, Elias R. 



Troup, George M. 
Taylor, John. 
White, Hugh Lawson. 
Willey, Calvin. 
Webster, Daniel. 
Woodbury, Levi. 

1. Elected in place of Thomas B. Tieed, deceased. 

2. Appointed in place of John McLean, deceased. 

3. Elected in place of John Branch, resigned. 4. 
Elected in place of .1. McPheai-son Berrian, resigned. 
5. Elected in place of John H. Eaton, resigned, 
(i. Elected in place of Louis McLane, resigned. 
7. Appointed and subsequently elected in place of 
Robert H. Adams, decea.'Jed. 8. Elected in place of 
John McLean, deceased. 

REPEE.SENTATIVKS. 
Andreic Stevenson, Speaker. 



Alexander, Mark. 
.Alston, Willis. 
Allen, Robert. 
Anderson, John. 
Angell, William G. 
Archer, William S. 
Armstrong, William. 
Arnold, Benedict. 



Bayley, .lohn. 
Barber, Noyes. 
Barbour, John S. 
Barbour, Philip P. 
Barnwell, Robert W. 
Barringer, Daniel L. 
Bartley. Mordecai. 
Bate^.,' Isaac C. 



Baylor, Robert E. B. 
Beckman, Thomas. 
BeU, John. 
Blair, James. 
Blair, .John. 
Bocker, Abraham. 
Boone, Ratlitl'e. 
Borst, Peter I. 
J>ouldin, Thomas T. 
Bretman, Samuel. 
Broadhead, John. 
Brown, Elias. 
Buchanan, James. 
Burgess, Tristam. 
Gaboon, William. 
Cambrelcng, C. C. 
Campbell, John. 
Carson. Samuel T. 
Chandler, Thomas. 
Childs, Timothy. 
Chilton, Thomas. 
Clarke, James. 
Claiborne, Nathaniel. 
Clay, C. C. 
Coke, Richard. 
Coleman, Nicholas D. 
Condich, Lewis. 
Connor, Henry W. 
Cooper, Richard M. 
Coulter, Richard. 
Cowles, Henry B. 
Craig, Hector. 
(Jraig, Robert, 
(.'raine, Joseph H. 
Crawford, Thomas H. 
Creighton, William. 
Crocheron, Jacob. 
Crockett, David. 
Crowninshield. Benj. W, 
Daniel, Henry. 
Davenport, Thomas. 
Davis, John. 
Davis, Warren K. 
Deberry, Edmund. 
Denny, Ilarmer. 
Desha, Robert. 
DeWitt, Charles G. 
Dickerson, John D. 
Doddridge, Philip P. 
Dor.sey, Clement. 
Draper, Joseph. 1 
Drayton, William. 
Dudley, Edward B. 
Duncan, Joseph. 
1) wight, Henry W. 
Eager, S. W.2 
Earll, Jonas, Jr. 
Evans, George. 
Evans, Joshua. 
Ellsworth, William W. 
Everett, Edward. 
Everett, Horace. 
Finch, Isaac. 
Findlay, John. 
Fisher, George. 
Ford, James. 
Forward, Chauucey. 
Foster, Thomas T." 
Fry, Joseph, Jr. 
Gaither, Nathan. 
Gilmore, John. 
Cxoodeuow, John N. 
Gorham, Benjamin. 
Gordon, WiUiam F. 
(Ireen. Innis. 



Grennell, George, .Ir. 
Gurley, Henry M. 
Hall, Thomas H. 
Halsey, Jehiel. 
Hammons, Joseph. 
Harvey, Jonathan. 
Haynes, Charles E. 
Hawkins, Joseph. 
Hemphill, Joseph. 
Hinds, Thomas. 
Hodges, James L. 
Hotftnan, Michael. 
Holland, Cornelius.3 
Howard, Benjamin C. 
Hubbard. Henrv. 
Hughes, Thomas H. 
Hunt, Jonathan. 
Huntington, Jabez W. 
Ihrie, Peter. 
IngersoU, Ralph J. 
Irvin, William W.4 
Irwin, Thomas. 
Isacks, Jacob C. 
Jarvis, Leonard. 
Jennings, Jonathan. 
.Tohns, Kensey, Jr. 
.Johnson, Cave. 
Johnson, Richard M. 
Kendall, Joseph G. 
Kennon, William. 
Kincaid, John. 
King, Adam. 
King, Perkins. 
Lamar, Henry G. 
Lea, Pryor. 

Leavitt, Humphrey H.5 
Lecompte. Joseph. 
Leiper, George C. 
Lent, James. 
Leteher, Robert P. 
Lewis, Dixon H. 
LoyaU George. 
Lnmpkin, Wilson. 
Lyon, Chittenden. 
Magee, John. 
Mallory, RoUin C. 
Marr, Alem. 
Martin, William D. 
ilartindale, Henry 0. 
Maxwell, Lewis. 
Maxwell, Thomas. 
McCoy, William. 
McCreery, William. 
McDutfie, George. 
Mclntire, Rnfus. 
Mercer, Charles F. 
Miller. Daniel H. 
Mitchell, George E. 
Morrell, Robert. 
Muhleiibergh, Henrj- A. 
Newton, Thomas. 
Norton, Ebenezer F. 
Nuckolls, William T. 
Overton, Walter H. 
Patton, John M.6 
Pearce, Duttee J. 
Pettis, Spencer. 
Pierson, Isaac. 
Polk, .lames K. 
Potter, Robert. 
Powers, Gersham. 
Ramsey, William. 
Randolph, James f. 
Reed John. 
Reucher. Abr.iham. 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



lU 



Richardson, Joseph. 
Ripley, Joseph W. 
Roane, John. 
Rose. Robert 8. 
Russell, William. 
Sanford, Jonab.7 
Scott, John. 
Semmes, Benedict J. 
Shepard, William B. 
Shepherd, Angustins H. 
Shields. James. 
SiU, Thomas H. 
Smith, Samuel A. 
Smyth, Alexander. 
Spencer, Ambrose. 
Spencer, Richard. 
Speight, Jesse. 
Spring, Slichael C. 
Stan berry, William. 
Standifer, James. 
Stephens, Philander. 
Sterigere, John B. 
Storrs, Henry R. 
Storrs, "William L. 
Strong, James. 
Sutherland, Joel B. 
Swan, Samuel. 



Swift, Benjamin. 
Talliaferro, John. 
Taylor, John W. 
Test, John. 
Thompson, John. 
Thompson, Wiley.^ 
Tracy, PhineasL. 
Trezvant, James. 
Tucker, Starling. 
Vance, Joseph. 
Vamum, John. 
Verplank, Gulian C. 
Venton , Samuel F. 
Washington, George G. 
Wayne, James M. 
Weeks, John W. 
White, Campbell P. 
White, Edward D. 
Whittlesey, Elisha. 
Wiekliffe, Oiarles A. 
WUde, Richard H. 
Williams, Lewis 
Wilson, Ephraim K. 
Wingates, Joseph F. 
Wright, Silas.8 
Yancey, Joel. 



Young, Ebenezer. 

1. Elected in place of Ale-xander Smyth, deceased. 

2. Elected in place of Hector Craig, resigned. 

:i. Elected in plaie of James W. Ripley, resigned. 

4. Elected in place of John M. Goodenow, resigned. 

5. Successfully contested the election of Thomas 
Newton. 6. Elected in place of PhUip P. Barbour, 
resigned. 7. Elected in place of Silas Wright, who 
declined to take his seat. 8. Successfully contested 
the election of George Fisher, and declined to take 
his seat. 

Territorinl Delegates. 
Biddle, John. White, Joseph M. 

Sevier, Ambrose H. 

THE TWEXTY-SECONU CONGRESS. 

Se.natoes. 

John C. Calhoun, Vice-President. 



Bell, Samuel. 
Benton, Thomjus H. 
Bibb, George M. 
Black, John.l 
Brown, Bedford. 
Bnckner, Alexander. 
Calhoun, Joliu C.'i 
Chambers, Ezekiel F. 
Clay, Henry. 
Clayton, John M. 
Dallas. George M.3 
Dickerson, Mahlon. 
Dudley, Charles E. 
Ellis, Powhattan. 
Ewing. Thomas. 
Foot, Samuel A. 
Forsyth, John. 



Kuight, Nathaniel K. 
Mangum, Willie P. 
Maroy, William L. 
Miller, Stephen K. 
Moore, Gideon. 
Naudain, Arnold. 
Poindexter, George. 
Prentiss. Samuel. 
Rives, William C.6 
Robbins, Asher. 
Robinson, John M. 
Kuggles, Benjamin. 
Seymour, Horatio. 
Silsbee, Nathaniel. 
Smith, Samuel. 
Sprague, Peleg. 
Tazewell, Littleton W 



Frelinghuysen, Theodore. Tipton, John. 6 



Tomlinson, Gideon. 
Troup, George M. 
Tyler, John. 
Waggaman, George A. 7 
Webster, Daniel. 
White, Hugh L. 
Wilkins. William. 
Wright, Silas, Jr.8 



Grunily. Felix. 
H;iniia. liobert.4 
H.iyne, Robert Y. 
Hendricks. William. 
JHU, Isaac. 
Holmes, John, 
.lohnson, JosiahS. 
Kane. Elias K. 
King. William R. 

1. Appointed in place of Powhattan, Ellis, resigned. 
2. Elected in place of Robert Y. Hayne, resigned. 
" Elected in place of S D. Barnard, resigned. 4 



Appointed in place of John Noble, deceased. 6. 
Elected in place of Littleton Tazewell, resigned. 
6. Elected in place of James Noble, deceased. 7. 
Elected in place of Edward Livingston, resijiued. 
8. Elected in place of William L Marcy, resigned. 

Rkpeesentatives. 

Andrew Stevenson, Speaker. 



Adair, John. 
Adams. ,Tohn Q. 
Allan, Chilton. 
.\llen, Heman. 
-\llen, Robert. 
Allison, Robert. 
Alexander, Mark. 
Anderson, John. 
Angel, William G. 
Appleton, Nathan. 
Archer, William S. 
Armstrong, William. 
Arnold, Thomas N. 
Ashley, William H. 
Babcock, William. 
Banks, John. 
Barber, Noyes. 
Barbour, John S. 
Barnwell, Robert W. 
Barringer. Daniel L. 
Baiston, Gamaliel H. 
Bates, Isaac C. 
Bates, James. 
Beardsley, SamueL 
Bell, John. 
Bergen, John F. 
Bethune, Laughlin. 
Blair, James. 
Blair, John. 
Boone, Ratliff. 
Bouck, Joseph. 
Boulden, Thomas T. 
Branch, John. 
Briggs, George N. 
Broadhead, John. 
Brodhead, John C. 
Bucher, John C. 
BuUard, Henry .\. 
Burd, George. 
Burgess, Tristam. 
Cahoon, William. 
Cambreleng, C. C. 
Carr. John. 
Carson, Samuel P. 
Chandler, Thomas. 
Chinn, ,roseph W. 
Choate, Kufus. 
Claiborne, Nathaniel H. 
Clay, Clement C 
Clayton, Augustine S. 
Coke, Richard, Jr. 
Collier, John A. 
Condich, Lewis. 
Condit, Silas. 
Connor, Henry W. 
Cook, Bates. 
Cook, Elutheros. 
Cooper, Richard M. 
Corwin, Thomas. 
Coulter, Richard. 
Craig, Robert. 
Crane, Joseph H. 
Crawlbrd, Thomas H. 
Creighton, William. 
Daniel, Henry. 
Daveuport, Thomas 
Davis, John. 



Davis, Warren R. 
Dayan, Charles. 
Dearborn, Henry A. S. 
Denny, Harmer, 
Dewart, Lewis. 
Dickson, John. 
Doddridge, Philip 
Doubleday, Ulysses F. 
Draper, Joseph. 
Drayton, William. 
Dnncan, Joseph. 
Ellsworth, William W. 
Evans, George. 
Evans, Joshua. 
Everett, Edward. 
Everett, Horace. 
Felder, John M. 
Findlay, James. 
Fitzgerald, William. 
Ford, Joseph. 
Foster, Thomas F. 
Gaither, Nathan. 
Gilmore, John. 
Gordon, William F. 
Grennell, George, Jr. 
Griffin, John R. 
Hall, Hiland. 
Hall, Thomas H. 
Hall, William. 
Hammond, Joseph. 
Harper, Joseph SI. 
Hawes, Albert G. 
Hawkins, M. T. 
Heister, William. 
Hodges, James L. 
Hoft'man, Michael. 
Hogan, William. 
Holland. Cornelius. 
Horn, Henry. 
Howard, Benjamin C. 
Hubbard, Henry. 
Hughes, Thomas H. 
Hunt, Jonathan. 
Huntington, Jabez W 
Ihvie, Peter Jr. 
Ingersoll, Ralph I. 
Ir^in, William W. 
Isacks, Jacob C. 
.larvis, Leonard. 
.Jennifer, Daniel. 
Jewett, Freeborn 0. 
Johnson. Cave. 
.Johnson, Charles C. 
Johnson, Joseph. 1 
.Johnson, Richard KVV 
Ivavanah, Edward. 
IvendeU, Joseph (i. 
Kennon, William. 
Kerr, .John I.. 
King, Adam. 
King, Henry. 
King, John. 
Lamar, Henry G. 
Lansing, Gerrit Y. 
Leavitt, Humphrey H. 
Lecorapte, Joseph. 
Lent, James. 



xlii 



TAI'.IJLAE RECORDS. 



Letcher, Robert 1'. 
Lewis, Dixon H. 
Lyon, Chittenden. 
Mann, Joel K. 
Mardis, Samuel W. 
Marshall, Thomas A. 
Mason, John Y. 
Maxwell, Lewis. 
McCarty, Jonath-.iii 
McCoy, Robert. 
McCoy, William. 
McDuffie, George. 
Mclntire, Rut'us. 
McKay, jame.s, 
McKennon, Thomn.s .M. 
Mercer, Charles F. 
Milligan, John J. 
Mitchell, George E 
Mitchell, Thomas '. 
Mnhlenberg, Hem v A. 
Nelcon, Jeremiah. 
Neunan, Daniel. 
Newton, Thomas. 
Nuckolls, William T. 
Patton, John ,\L 
Pearce, Duttee J. 
Pendleton, Edraond '!. 
Picrson, Job. 
Pitcher, Nathaniel. 
Plummer, Franklin !v 
Polk, James K. 
Potts, David, .Jr. 
Randolph, .Tames T. 
Read, Edward C. 
Reed, .John. 
Rencher, Abraha:u. 
Roane, John J. 
Root, Erastus. 
Russell, William. 
Semmes, Benedict .1. 
Sewell, Charles S.-J 
1. Elected in place of 



Shepard, William R. 
Shepherd, A. II. 
Slade, William. 
Smith, Samnel .V. 
Soule, Natlian. 
Southard. Isaac. 
Speight, Jesse. 
.Speuce, John S. 
.Stanberry, Willia:;i 
Standefer, James, 
Stephens, Philander. 
Stewart, Andrew. 
Storrs, William L. 
Sutherland, .loel B. 
Taylor, John W. 
Thomas, Francis. 
Thomas, Philemon. 
Thompkins, ( 'hristophei-. 
Thompson, Wiley. 
Thompson John. 
Tracey, Phineas L. 
Vance, Joseph. 
Verplank, Guiliau ( '. 
Venton, Samuel F. 
Ward, Aaron. 
Wardwell, Daniel. 
Washington, George C. 
Watmough, .Tohn G. 
Wavne, .lames M. 
\Vei?ks, Jolin W. 
Wheeler, Grattan, U. 
White, Campbell P. 
White, Edward D. 
Whittlesey, Elisha. 
Whittlesey, Frederick. 
Wieklifte, Charles A. 
Wilde, Richard H. 
Wilkin, Samuel J. 
Williams, Lewis. 
Worthington, J. F. II. 
Young, Ebeuezer. 
I'hilip Doddridge, decea-^ 



2. Elected in place of George E. Mitchell, decea.sed. 

TiTritorial Delegates. 
Sevier, Ambrose H. Wing, Austin E. 

White, .Joseph M. 

THE TWENTY-THIRD CONCiKESS. 



Senators. 



ilartin Van 
Bell, Samuel. 
Benton, Thom.as \\. 
Bibb, George M. 
Black, John. 
Brown, Bedford. 
Buchanan, James. I 
Calhoun, John C. 
Chambers, Ezekiel F. 
Clay, Henry. 
Clayton, John M. 
Cuthbert, Alfred.2 
Ewing, Thomas. 
Forsyth, Alfred. 
Frelinghuysen, Tlie^i 
Goldsborough, Roliert 
Grundy, Felix. 
Hendricks, William. 
Hill, Isaac. 
Kane, YA\as K. 
Kent, Joseph. 
King, John P. 
King. William V. 
Knight, Nehemiah R. 



Buren, Vice-President. 

Leigh, Benjamin W. 1 

Linn, Lewis. ."5 

Mangiim, Willie P. 

McKean, Samuel. 

Moore, Gabriel. 

Morris, Thomas. 

Naudain, Arnold. 

Poindextcr, Geor).;e. 

Porter, Alexander. 6 

Prentiss, Samuel. 

Preston, William C. 

Robbins, Asher, 

Robinson, .lolin M. 
lore. Rives, William C. 
II. .'5 Ruggles, John. 7 

Shepley, Ether. 

Silsbee, Xatlianiel. 

Smith, Nathan. 

Southard, Samuel L. 

Sprague, Peleg. 

Swift, Benjamin. 

Tallmadge, Benjamin 

Tipton, .lohn. 



White, Hugh L. 
Wilkins, William. 
Wright, Silas, Jr. 



Tomlinson. Gideon. 
Tyler, John. 
Waggaman, George A. 
Webster, Daniel. 

1. Elected in place of William Wilkins, resigned. 
■2. Elected in place of John Forsyth, resigned. 
'i. fleeted in place of Ezekiel F. Chambers, resigned. 

4. Elected in place of William C. Rives, resigned. 

5. Appointed and subsequently elected in place of 
Alexander Biickner, deceased. 6. Elected in place 
of .loseph S. Johnston, deceased. 7. Elected in place 
of Peleg Sprague, resigned. 

Rkpresentativks. 

Andrew Stevenson, Speaker. 

John Bell. Speaker.! 



Adams, John. 
Adams, .Tohn Q. 
Allen, Chilton. 
Allen, Heman. 
.Vllen, John J. 
Allen, William. 
.\nthonv, .John B. 
.V.shley.'William H. 
.Vrcher, William S. 
Barber, Noyes. 
Banks, John. 
Barnetz, Charles A. 
Barringer, Daniel Ij. 
Bates, Isaac C. 
Baylies, William. 
Beal, .Tames .M. H. 
Bean, Benning M. 
Beardsley, Samuel. 
Beatty, Martin. 
Beaumont, Aud^e^v. 
Bell, John. 
Binney, Horace. 
Blair, James. 
Blair, John. 
Bocker, Abraham. 
Bodle, Charles. 
Boone, Ratlitf. 
Bouldin, .James W.2. 
Boiildin, Tliomas W. 
Briggs, George M. 
Brown, John W. 
Bullard, Henry A. 
Bull, John. 
Bunch, Samuel. 
Burd, George. 
Burgess. Tristam. 
Burns, Robert. 
Bynura, Jesse A. 
Cage, Henry. 



Cramer, .John. 
Oane, Joseph H. 
Crockett, David. 
Darlington. Edward. 
Davenport, Thoma"», 
Davis, Amos. 
Davis, .John. 
D.avis. Warren R. 
Day, Roland. 
Deberry, Edmond. 
Derning. Benjamin P. 
Denny. Harmer. 
Dickersou, Philemon. 
Dickinson, David W. 
Dickson, John. 
Dennis, Littleton P. 
Dunlap, William I'. 
Duncan, Joseph. 
Ellsworth, William W. 
Evans, George. 
Everett, Edward. 
Everett, Horace. 
Ewing, .John. 
Fclder, John M. 
Ferris, Charles (J. 4 
Fillmore, Millar-I. 
Foot, Samuel .1. 
Forrester, John 1>. 
Foster, Thomas F. 
Fowler, Samuel. 
Fuller. Philip C. 
Fuller, William iC. 
Fulton. .Tohn II. 
Galbraith, .Tohn. 
Gamble, R. L. 
Garland, Rice. .5 
Gholson, Joseph H. 
Gillet, liansom 1 1. 
Gilmer, George K. 



Cambreleng, Churchill C. Gordon, William F. 



Campbell, Robert B.3 
Carmichael, Richard B. 
Carr, John. 
Casey, Zadock. 
Chambers, George. 
Chaney, John. 
Chilton, Thomas. 
Chinn, Jo.scjih W. 
Choate, Rulus. 
Claiborne, Nathaniel IL 
Cl.ay, Clement C. 
Clay, Augustine E. 
Clark, Samuel. 
Clark, William. 
Clowny, William K. 
Coffee, John. 
Connor, Henry W. 
Corwin, Thomas. 
Coulter, Richard. 



Gorham, Benjamin 
Graham, James. 
Grayson. William J. 
Grenneli, George. Tr. 
Griffin, John K. 
Hall, Heland. 
Hall, Joseph. 
Hall, Thomas H. 
Halsey, Nicoll. 
Hannegan, Edward A. 
Hard, Gideon. 
Hardin, Benj:imin. 
Harmer, Thomas L. 
Harper, James. 
Harper, Joseph M. 
Harrison, Samuel S. 
Hathaway, Samuel O. 
Hawes, Albert 6. 
Hawkins, Micajah T. 



TABULAR KECOKDS. 



xliii 



Hazeltine. Abner. 
Heatli, James 1'. 
Heister, William. 
Henderson, Jos(^pli. 
Howell, Edward. 
Hubbard, Henry. 
Huntingtou, Abel. 
Huntington, Jabcz W. 
Inge, William M. 
Jackson, Ebenezer.S. 
Jackson, William. 
Jarvis, Leonard. 
James, Henry F.7 
Johnson, Cave. 
Johnson, Henry. 8 
Johnson, Noadiah. 
Johnson, Richard M. 
Jones, Benjamin. 
Jones, Seaborn. 
Kavanagh, Edward. 
Kilgore, Daniel. S) 
King, Henry. 
Kinnard, George L. 
Lane, Amos. 
Lansing, Gerrit Y. 
Laport, .lolm. 



Page, Sliernian. 
Parker, James. 
Parkes, Gorhani. 
Patterson, William. 
Patton, John M. 
Pearce, Uuttee J. 
Peyton, Balie. 
Phillips, Stephen C.lt! 
Pickeu.s, Francis W.17 
Pierce, Franklin. 
Pierson, Job. 
Pinckney, Henry L. 
Plummer, I'Vaiiklin E. 
Polk, James K. 
Pope, P. H. 
Potts, David, Jr. 
Ramsa.v, Robert. 
Reed, John. 
Seucher, Abraham. 
Reynolds, .John. 18 
Robertson, John. 19. 
Schenck, Ferdinand S. 
Schley, William. 
Selden, Dudley. 
Shepard, William B. 
Shepherd, A. II. 



Lawrence, Cornelius W. Shinn, William N. 

Lay, George W. Slade, Charles. 

Lea, Luke. Slade, William. 

Leavitt, Humphrey. Sloaue, Jonathan. 

Lee, Thomas. Smith, Francis O. J. 

Letcher, Robert P. Spangler, David. 

Lewis, Dixon H. Spaight, Jessee. 

Lincoln, Levi. 10 Standefer, James. 

Love, James. Steele, John N.20 

Loyall, George. Stewart, Andrew. 

Lucas, Edward. Stoddart, John T. 

Lyon, Chittenden. Sutherland, Joel B. 

Lytle, Robert T.ll Taylor, William. 

Mann, Abijah, Jr. Taylor, William P. 

Mann, Joel K. Thomas, Francis. 

Manning, Richard J. 12 Thomas, Philemon. 

Mardis, Samuel W. Thomson, John. 

Marshall, Thomas A. Tompkins, Christopher. 

Martindale, Henry C. Trumbull, Joseph. 21 

Mason, .Tohn J. Turner, .James. 

Ma.son, Moses, Jr. Turrill, Joel. 

May, William L.13 Tweedy, Samuel. 

Mci-'arty, Jonathan. Vance, Joseph. 

McComas, AVilliam. • Vanderpoel. Aaron. 

McDuffie, George. Van Houten, Isaac R. 

Mclntire, Rufus. VtSnton, Samuel F. 

McKay, James J. Ward, Aaron. 

McKennon, T. M. T. Wardwell, Daniel. 

McKim, Isaac. Wagener, David D. 

McKinley, John. Watmough. John G. 

McLean, Jeremiah. Wayne, James M. 

McVean, Charles. Webster, Taylor. 

Jlerccr. Charles F. Whallon, Reuben. 

Miller, Jesse. White, Campbell P. 

Millig:m. John J. White, Edward D. 

Miner, Phineas.l4 Whittlesey, Elisha. 

Mitchell, Heury. Whittlesey, Frederit.'k. 

Mitchell, Robert. Wilde, Richard Henry. 
Moore, Samuel McDoweU. Williams, Lewis. 

Morgan, John J. 15 Wilson. Edgar C. 

Muhlenberg, Henry A. Wise, Henry A. 

Murphy, John. Young, Ebenezcr. 
Osgood, Gayton P. 

1. Elected in place of Andrew Stevenson, resigned. 

2. Elected in place of Thomas T. Bouldin, deceased. 

3. Elected in place of Thomas D. Singleton, decca.sed. 

4. Elected in place of Dudley Selden, resigned. 

5. Elected in place of H. A. Bullard, resigned. 6. 
Elected in place of S. A. Foot, resigned. 7. Elected 



in place of Benjamin F. Deming, deceased. 8. Elected 
in place of Eilward D. White, resigned, il. lOlected 
in place of Humphrey H. Leavitt, resigned. 10. 
Elected in place of John Davis, resigned. IL Elected 
to till vacancy caused by his own resignation. 12. 
Elected in place of James Blair, deceased. 1 :>. Elected 
in place of Joseph Duncan, resigned. 14. Elected in 
place of Jabez Huntington, resigned. 15 Elected in 
place of Cornelius W. Lawrence, resigned. l(j. 
Elected in place of George McDuffie, resigned. 

17. Elected in place of Rufus Choate, resigned. 

18. Elected in place of Charles Slade, deceased. 

19. Elected in place of Andrew Stevenson, resigned. 

20. IClected in place of Littleton P. Dennis, deceased. 

21. Elected in place of William W. Ellsworth, re- 
signed. 

Territoiiitl Delegates. 

Lyon, Lucius. White, Joseph M. 

Sevier, Ambro.se H. 

THE TWENTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 

Senatoes. 

Martin Van Buren, Vice-President. 



Bayard, Richard H.l 
Benton, Thomas H. 
Black, John. 
Brown, Bedford. 
Buchanan, James. 
Calhoun, .tohn C. 
Clay, Henry. 
Clayton, John M. 
Clayton, Thomas.'J 
Crittenden, John J. 
Cuthbert, Alfred. 
Dana, Judah.3 
Davis, John. 
Ewiug, Thomas. 4 
Ewing, William D. 
Fulton, William S. 



Moore, Gabriel. 
Morris, Thomas. 
Moulton, Alexancler.5 
Naudain, Arnold. 
Nicholas, Robert C.6 
Niles, John M. 7 
Norvell, John. 
Page, .John. 8 
Parker, Richard E.9 
Porter, Alexamler. 
Prentiss, Samuel. 
Preston, William C. 
Rives, William CIO 
Robbins, Ashei- P. 
Robinson, John M. 
Ruggles, John. 



Goldsborough, Robert S. Sevier, Ambrose. 
Grundy, Felix. Shepley, Ether. 

Hendricks, William. Southard, Samuel. 

Hill, Isaac. Speuce, John S. 1 1 

Hubbard, Henry. Strange, Robert. I'i 

Kane, Ellas K. Swift, Benjamin. 

Kent, .Joseph. Talhnadge, M. P. 

King, .Toiui P. Tipt<jn, John. 

King. William R. Tomlinson, Gideon. 

Knight, Nehemiah R. Tyler, .John. 
Leigh, Benjamin, W. Wall, Garrett. 

Linn, Louis F. Walker, Robert J. 

Lyon, Lucien. Webster, Daniel. 

Mangum, Willie P. Wilson, Hugh L. 

McKean, Samuel. Wright, Silas, Jr. 

1. Elected in place of Arnold Naudain, resigned. 

2. Elected in place of John M. Clayton, resigned. 

3. Appointed in place of Ether Shepley, resigned. 

4. Elected in place of E. K. Kane, deceased. 5. 
Elected in place of Alexander Porter, resigned. 6. 
Elected in place of C. E. A. Gayarre, who never took 
his seat. 7. Elected in place of Nathaniel Smith, 
deceased. 8. Elected in place of Isaac Hill resigned. 

9. Elected In place of Benjamin W. Leigh, resigned. 

10. Elected in place of John Tyler, resigned. 11. 
Elected in place ol' R. H. Goldsborough, deceased. 
12. Elected in place of W. P. Mangum, resigned. 



RiCrltESENTATIVES. 



Jtitni!^ 
Adams, John Q. 
.\lford, Julius C. 1 
Allan, Chilton. 
Allen, Heman. 
.\nthony, Joseph B. 



A'. Polk, Speaker. 

Ash, Michael W. 
Ashley, William H. 
Bailey, Jeremiah. 
Banks, John. 
Barton. Samuel. 



TAliL'LAU KECOKUS. 



Beale, James M. H. 
Beau, BenniDg M. 
Beardsley, Samuel. 
Beaumont, Andrew. 
Bell, John. 
Black. James.2 
Bocke, Abraham. 
Bond, William K. 
Boone, Ratliff. 
Borden, Nathaniel E. 
Bovee. Matthias J. 
Bouldin, James W. 
Boyd, Linn. 
Briggs, George M. 
Brown, John W. 
Buehanan, Andrew. 
Bunch, Samuel. 
Burns, Kobert. 
Byinim, .Tesse A. 
Calhoun, John. 
Calhoun, William B. 
Cambrel eng, C. C. 
Campbell, Robert B. 
Carr, John. 
Carter, William B. 
Casey, Zadock. 
Chambers, George. 
Chambers, John. 
Chanev, John. 
Chapin, G. H. 
Chapman, Reuben. 
Chetwood, William. 3 
Childs. Timothy. 
Claiborn, JohnF. H. 
Claiborne, Nathaniel H. 
Clark, William. 
Cleveland, Jesse F. 
Coflee, John. 
Coles, Walter. 
Connor, Henry W. 
Corwin, Thomas. 
Craig, Robert. 
Cramer, John. 
Crane, Joseph H. 
Crary, Isaac E. 
Cusliing, Caleb. 
Cushman, Samuel. 
Darlington, Edward. 
Davis, John W. 
Dawson, William ( .4 
Deberry, Edmoiul. 
Denny, Harmer. 
Dickerson, Philemon. 
Dickson, David. 
Doubleday, U. F. 
Dronigoole. George C. 
Dunlap, William C. 
Efl'ner, Valentine. 
Elmore, Franklin H.5 
Evans, George. 
Everett, Horace. 
Fairfield, John. 
Farlin, Dudley. 
Forester, John B. 
Fowler, Samuel. 
French, Richard. 
1' I V, Jacob, Jr. 
Fuller, PhUo (;. 
Fuller, William K. 
Galbraith, John. 
Garland, James. 
Garland, Rice. 
(Uiolson, Samuel .T.6 
Gilet, Rauaom H. 
Glasciick. Thomas. 



Graham, James. 
Granger, Francis. 
Grantland, Seaton. 
Graves, William J. 
Grayson, William J. 
Grenell, George Jr. 
Griffin, John K. 
Haleg, Elisha. 
Hall. Hiland. 
Hall, Joseph. 
Hamer, Thomas L. 
Hammons, James H. 
Hannegan, Edward A. 
Hard, Gideon. 
Hardin, Benjamin. 
Harlan, James. 
Harper, James. 
Harrison, Albert S. 
Harrison, Samuel S. 
Hawes, Albert G. 
Hawkins, Micajah S. 
Haynes, Charles E. 
Hazeltine, Abner. 
Heister, William. 
Henderson. Joseph. 
Herod, William. 
Hoar. Samuel. 
Holsev, Hojikins. 
Holt. "Orrin. 
Hopkins, George W. 
Howard, Benjamin C. 
Howell, Elias. 
Hubley, Edward B. 
Hunt, Hiram P. 
Huntington, Abel. 
Huntsman, Adam. 
Ingersoll, Joseph I;. 
Ingham, Samuel. 
.Tackson, Jabez. 
Jackson, William. 
.Tar\'is, Leonard. 
.lanes, Henry T. 
.leunifer, Daniel. 
.Johnson, Cave. 
Johnson, Henry. 
Johnson, Joseph. 
Jolmson, Richard M. 
Jones, Benjamin. 
Jones, John W. 
.Tudson, Andrew T. 
Kennon, William. 
Kilgore, Daniel. 
Kinnard. George L. 
Klingensmith, John. 
Lane, Amos. 
Lansing, Gerrit Y. 
Laporte, John. 
Lawler, Joab. 
Lawrence, Abbott. 
Lay, George W. 
Lea, Luke. 
Lee, Gideon. 
Lee, Joshua. 
Lee, Thomas. 
Leonard, Stephen B. 
Lewis, Dixon H. 
Lincoln, Levi. 
Logan, Henry. 
Love, Thomas C. 
Loyall, George. 
Lucas, Edward, Jr. 
Lyon, Francis S. 
Mann, Abijah, Ir. 
Mann, Job. 
Manning, Richard J. 



Martin, Joshua L. 
Mason, John Y. 
Mason, Moses, Jr. 
Mason, Sampson. 
Mason, William. 
Maury, Abraham P. 
May, William L. 
McCarty, Jonathan. 
McComas, William. 
McKay, James J. 
McKeou, John. 
McKennon, T. M. T. 
McKim, Isa.ic. 
McLene, Jeremiah. 
Mercer, Charles F. 
Miller, Jesse. 
Miller, Rutger B.7 
Milligan, John J. 
Montgomery, William. 
Moore, Eli. 
Morgan, William S. 
Morris, Mathias. 
Muhlenberg, Henry A. 
Owens, George W. 
Page, Sherman. 
Parker, James. 
Parks, Gorham. 
Patterson, William. 
Patton, John M. 
Pearce, DntteeJ. 
Pearee, James A. 
Pettigrew, Ebenezer. 
Peyton, Bailey. 
Phelps, Lancelot. 
Phillips, Stephen C. 
Pickens, Francis W. 
Pierce, Franklin. 
Pierson, John J.8 
Pinckney, Henry L. 
Potts, David, Jr. 
Reed, John. 
Rencher, Abraham. 
Reynolds, John. 
Reynolds, Joseph, 
liichardson, John P.9 
Ripley, Eleazar. 
Roane, John. 



Robertson, John. 
Rogers, James. 
Russell, David. 
Schenck, Ferdinand .S. 
Seymour, William. 
Shepard, William B. 
Shepherd, A. H. 
Shields, Ebenezer J. 
Shinn, William N. 
Sickles, Nicholas. 
Slade, William. 
Sloane, Jonathan. 
Smith, Francis O. J. 
Spangler, David. 
Speight, Jesse. 
Sprague, William, Jr. 
Standifer, James. 
Steele, John N. 
Storer, Bellamy. 
Sutherland, Joel B. 
Talliaferro, John. 
Taylor, William. 
Thomas, Francis. 
Thompson, John. 
Tliompson, Waddy, Jr. 
Toucey, Isaac. 
Town,' George W. B. 
Turrill, Joel. 
Turner, James. 
Underwood, J. R. 
Vanderpoel, Aaron. 
Vinton, Samuel F. 
Wagener, David C. 
Ward, Aaron. 
Wardwell, Daniel. 
Washington, G. C. 
Webster, Taylor. 
Weeks, Joseph. 
White, John. 
Whittlesey, Elisha. 
Whittlesey, Thomas T.IO 
WiUlman, Zalmon. 
Williams, Sherrod. 
Williams, Lewis. 
Wise. Henry A. 
Yell, Archibald. 



Young, John. 11 
1. Elected in place of G. W. B. Towns, resigned- 
■i. Elected in place of Jesse Miller, resigned. 3- 
Elected in place of Philemon Dickerson, resigned- 
4. Elected in place of John Coffee, deceased. 5- 
Elected in place of J. H. Hammond, resigned. 6- 
i;iccted in place of David Dickson, deceased. 

7. Elected in place of Samuel Beardsley, resigned. 

8. Elected in place of John Banks, resigned. 9. 
Elected in place of Richard J. Manning, deceased. 

10. Elected in place of Zalmon Wildman, deceased. 

1 1 . Elected in place of PhUo C. Fuller, resigned . 

Territorial Delegates. 
Jones, George W. Wiite, Joseph M. 

THE TWENTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 



Richard M. 
Allen, William. 
Bayard, Richard H. 
Benton, Thomas H. 
Black, John. 
BroAvn, Bedford. 
Buchanan, James. 
Calhoun, John C. 
Clay, Clement G. 
Clay, Henry. 
Clavton. Thomas. 



Senators. 

Johnson, Vice-President. 

Crittenden, John. 

Cuthbert, Alfred. 

Davis, John. 

Foster, Ephraim H.l 

Fulton, William S. 

Grundy, Felix. 

Hubbard, Henry. 

Kent, Joseph. 

King, .lohn P. 

King, WUliam R. 



TABULAR KECORDS. 



xlT 



Knight, Nehemiah R. 
Linn, Louis l". 
Lumpkin, Wilson. 2 
Lyon, Lucius. 
McKean, .Samuel. 
Merrick, William D.3 
Morris, Thomas. 
Mouton, Alexander. 
Nicholas, Robert C. 
Niles, John M. 
Norvell, .John. 
Parker, Richard E. 
Pierce, Franklin. 
Prentis,s. Samuel. 
Preston, William C. 
Rives, William C. 
Roane, William H.4 
Robbins. Asher. 
Robinson, John M. 



Ruggles, .John. 
Sevier, Ambrose H. 
Smith, Oliver H. 
Smith, Perry. 
Southard, Samuel L. 
Spence, .Tolui S. 
Strange, Robert. 
Swift, Ben.iamin. 
Tallmadge. Nathaniel P. 
Tipton, John. 
Trotter, James F.5 
Walker, Robert J. 
Wall, Garret D. 
Webster, Daniel. 
White, Hugh Lawson. 
Williams, Kenel. 
Williams, Thomas H.6 
Wright, Silas, Jr. 
Young, Richard M. 



1. Appointed in place of Felix Grundy, resigned. 

2. Elected in place of John P. King, resigned. 

3. Elected in place of Joseph Kent, deceased. 4. 
Elected in place of Richard E. Parker, resigned. 
5. Elected in place of John Black, resigned. 6. 
Elected in place of James F. Trotter, resigned. 

Repeesentatives. 
James K. Pullc, Speaker. 



Adams, John Q. 
Alexander. .Tames. 
Allen, Ileman. 
Allen, John W. 
Anderson, Hugh J. 
Andrews, John F. 
Atherton. Charles G. 
Aycrigg, John B. 
Banks, Linn.l 
Beatty, William K 
Beers, Cyrus.2 
Beirne, Andrew. 
Bell, John. 
Bicknell, Bennett. 
Biddle, Richard. 
Birdsall, Samuel. 
Bond, William K. 
Boone, Ratliif. 
Borden, Nathaniel B. 
Bouldin, James W. 
Briggs, George N. 
Broadhead. John C. 
Bronson, Isaac H. 
Bruyn, Andrew D. W. 
Buchanan, Andrew. 
Bynum, Jesse A. 
Calhoun, John C. 
Calhoun, William. 
Cambreleng, C. C. 
Campbell, John. 
Campbell, William B. 
Carter, Timothy J. 
Carter, William B. 
Casey. Zadock. 
Chambers, John. 
Chapman, Reuben. 3 
Chaney, John. 
Cheatham, Richard. 
Childs, Timothy. 
Cilley, Jonathan. 
Claiborne, J. T. H. 
Clark, John C. 
Cleveland, Je.sse F. 
Clowuey, William K. 
Coflin, Charles U.4 
Coles, Walter. 
Connor, Henry W. 



Corwin, Thomas. 
Crabb, George W. 
Craig, Robert. 
Cranston, Robert B. 
Crary, Isaac E. 
Crockett, John W. 
Cushing, Caleb. 
Cushman, Samuel 
Curtis, Edward. 
Darlington, Edward. 
Davee, Thomas., 
Davies, Edward. 
Dawson, William C. 
Deberry, Edmund. 
De Graff, John J. 
Dennis, John H. 
Dromgoole, George C. 
Duncan, Alexander. 
Dunn, George H. 
Edwards, John. 
Elmore, Franklin H. 
Evans, George. 
Everett, Horace. 
Ewing, John. 
Fairtield, John. 
Farrington, James. 
Fillmore, Millard. 
Fletcher, Isaac. 
Fletcher, Richard. 
Foster, Henry A. 
Fry, Jacob. Jr. 
Gallup, Albert. 
Garland, James. 
Garland, Rice. 
Gholson, Samuel. 
Giddings, Joshna.5 
Glascock, Thomas. 
Goode, Patrick G. 
Graham, James. 
Graham, William. 
Grant, Abraham P. 
Grantland, Seaton. 
Graves, William J. 
Gray, Hiram. 
Grennell, George, Jr. 
Griffin, John K. 
Haley, Elisha. 



Hall, Hiland. 
Ilalstead, William. 
Hamer, Thomas M. 
Hammond, Robert H. 
Harlan, .Joseph. 
Harper, Alexander. 
Harrison, Albert G. 
Hastings, William S. 
Hawes, Richard. 
Hawkins, Micajah T. 
Haynes, Charles E. 
Henry, Thomas. 
Herod, William. 
Ilotl'man, Ogden. 
Holsey, Hopkins. 
Holt, 'Orrin. 
Hopkins, George W. 
Howard, Benjamin C. 
Hubley, Edward. 
Hunter, Robert M. 
Hunter, William 11. 
Ingham. Samuel. 
Jackson, Jabez. 
Jaclcson, Thomas B. 
Jennifer, Daniel. 
.Johnson, Henry. 
.Johnson, Joseph. 
Johnson, William C. 
Jones, John M. 
Jones, Nathaniel. 
Keim, George M.6 
Kemble, Gouverneur. 
Kennedy, John P.7 
Kilgor^ Daniel. 
Klingensmith, .John. 
Lawler, Joab. 
Leadbetter, Daniel. 
Legare, Hugh S. 
Lewis, Dixon H. 
Lincoln, Levi. 
Logan, Henry. 
Loomis, Andrew W. 
Loomis, Arpaxad. 
Lyon, Francis S. 
Mallory, Francis. 
Martin, Joshua L. 
Marvin, Richard P. 
Mason, James M. 
Mason, Sampson. 
Maury, Abraham P. 
Maxwell, J. P. B. 
May, William L. 
McClure, (Jharles. 
McKay, James J. 
McKennon, T. M. T. 
McKini, Isaac. 
McLellan, Abraham. 
McLellan, Robert. 
Mercer, Charles F. 
Menefee, Richard H. 
Miller, John. 
Milligan, .John J. 
Mitchell, Charles F. 
Montgomery, William. 
Moore, Ely. 
Morgan, William T. 
Morris, Calvary. 
Morris, Mathias. 
Morris, Samuel W. 
Muhlenbergh, Henry. 
Murray, John L. 
Naylor, Charles.8 
Noble, William H. 
Noyes, John C. 
Ogle, Charles. 



Owens, George W. 
Palmer, .John. 
Parmenter, William. 
Parker, Amasa ,1 . 
Parris, Virgil D.9 
Patterson, William. 
Patton, John M. 
I'aynter, Lemuel. 
Pearce, James A. 
Peck, Luther C. 
Pennybacker, I. S. 
Petrikin, David. 
Phelps, Launcelot. 
Phillips, Stephen C. 
Pickens, Francis W. 
Plummer, Arnold. 
Pope, John. 
Potter, William W. 
Potts, David. 
Pratt, Zadock. 
Prentiss, John H.IO 
Prentiss, Sergeant S. 
Putnam, Harvey. 1 1 
Randolph, Joseph F. 
Rariden, James. 
Reed, John. 
Reiley, Luther. 
Rencher, Abraham. 
Uhett, Robert B. 
Richardson, John P. 
Kidgway, James. 
Ripley, Eleazer. 
Rives,Francis E. 
Robertson, John. 
Robinson, Edward.l2 
Rumsey, Edward. 
Russell, David. 
Saltonstall, Leverett..l3 
Sawyer, Samuel T. 
Sergeant, John. 
Shetfer, Daniel. 
Shepard, Charles B. 
Shepperd, Augustus H. 
Shepler, Mathias. 
Shields, Ebenezer. 
Sibley, Mark H. 
Slade, William. 
Smith, F. O. J. 
Snyder, Adam. 
Southgate, WilliaTu \Y. 
Spencer, James B. 
Stanley, Edward. 
Stone, William 
Stratton, Charles C. 
Stuart, Archibald. 
Swearingen, Henry. 14. 
Taliaferro, John. 
Taylor, William. 
Thomas, Francis. 
Thompson, W., Jr. 
Tillinghast, Joseph L. 
Titus, Obadiab. 
Toland, George W. 
Toucey, Isaac. 
Towns, George ^'. B. 
Turney, Hopkins L. 
Underwood, J. R. 
Vail. Henry. 
Vauderveer, Abraham. 
Wagener, David D. 
Ward, Thomas J lo 
Weeks, .Joseph. 
Webster, Tavlor. 
White, Alberts. 
White, John. 



xlvi 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



■ Wlntt esey, Ehsha. Williams, Sherrod. 

Whittlesey, Thomas T. Wise. Henry A. 

\Vi hams, Christopher. Worthinjjton, J, F H 

Wi hams, .Tared. Yell, Archibald. 

Wi hams, .Joseph L. York, Thomas J. 
Williams, Lewis. 

1. Elected in place of .Tohn M. Fatten, resigned. 

2. E ected- in place of A. D. W. Bruyn, deceased. 

3. Llected m place of .loab Lawler, deceased. 4 
Elected m place of A. W. Looniis, resigned. 5. Elected 
in place of E. Whittlesey, resigned. 6. Elected in 
place of H. A. Muhlenberg, resigned. 7. Elected in 
pla^ of Isaac McKim, deceased. 8. Elected in place 
^- J' ^"'■'^■'^'■' deceased. 9. Elected in place of 
if"?T'-Ir ^,*^'"*^'"' "^ecea-^ed. 10. Elected in place 
01 .It. H. Claiborne, whose .seat was declared vacant 
U. E ected m place of William Patterson, deceased 
1Q T^r'"'. f ■'" ?'^'='' "f Jonathan Cilley, deceased. 
1. ^] J"'} '? r'ace of Stephen C. Phillips, resigned. 

14. Elected in place of Daniel Kilgore. resiined. 

15. Elected in place of S. J. Gholson, whose seat was 
declared vacant. 

Territorial Delegates. 
Chapman, William W. Downing, Charles. 
Doty, .James Dnane.l .Jones, George W. 
1. Successfully contested the election of George W. 



Andereon, Hugh J. 

Anderson, Simeon H. 

Andrews, LandaffW. 

Atherton, Charles G. 

Baker, (teiuan.l 

Banks, Linn. 

Barnard, Daniel D. 

Beatty, William. 

Beirm, Andrew. 

Bell, .John. 
Biddle, Richard. 
Black, Edward J. 
Blackwell, Julius W. 
Boardman, William W.2 
Bond, William R. 
Botts, John M. 
Boyd, Linn. 



THE TWENTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 

Senators. 
Richard 31. .Tohnmn, Vice-President. 
Allen, William. Mouton, Alexander 

Anderson, Ale.vander. 1 Nichols, Robert (; 
Bates, Isaac C.2 Nicholson, A O P 8 

Bayard, Richard H. Norveli, John 

n''?**°°^u^'i'""='' ^- Pi«'-ce- Franklin. 

Betts, Thaddeus. Phelps, Samuel I'. 

Brown, Bedford. Porter, Augustus S 

Buchanan James. Prentiss, Samuel, ' 

Calhoun John C. Preston, William C:. 

Choate^ Ruius.3 Ri„es, William R. 

Way, Clement C. Roane, William. 

Clay Henry. Robiiason, John M. 

Clayton Thomas. Ruggles, John. 

Crittenden John. Sevier, Ambrose. 

Cuthbert, Alfred. Smith Oliver H 

Davis, John. gmith, Perry. 

Dixon, Nathan F. Southard. Samuel L. 

Fulton, Wilham S. Spence, John S. 

Graham, William A.4 Strange, Robert. 

Grundy, Felix. Sturgeon, Daniel. 

HnKK'''''f\'^"'"'- Tallmadge, Nath.-iniel P. 

Hubbard Henry. Tappan, Benjamin. 

Huntington, Jabez W. r. Walker, Robert J. 
Kerr, John L.6 Wall, George D. 

King Wilham R. Webster, DSniel. 

Knight. Nchcmiah R. White, Albert S 

i.nmpkin, Wilson. White, Huo-h L 

Linn, LonisF. William.s. Reuel. 

Mangum, Willie P.7 Wriglit, Silas Jr 

Merrick, William D. Young. Richard M. 

1 Elected in place of H. L. White, resigned. 2 
Elected in place of John Davis, resigned. 3 Elected 
m p ace of Daniel Webster, resigned. 4. E eeto 1 
in place of Robert Strange, resigned. 5 Elected in 
pace of Thaddeus Betts, 'deceased. 6 Elected In 
place of John S. Spence, deceased. 7. Elected in 
p ace of Bedford Brown, resigned. 8. Appointed n 
place of Felix Grundy, deceased. PP"intea m 

Representatives. 
B. M. T. Hunter, Speaker. 
Adams, John Q. Allen, Judson. 

Allord, Juhus C. Allen, John W 



Fillmore, Millard. 
Fine, John. 
I'isher, Charles. 
Fletcher, Isaac. 
Floyd, John D. 
Fornance, Joseph. 
Galbraith, John. 
Garland, James. 
Garland, Rice. 
Gates, Seth M. 
Gentry, Meredith P. 
Gerry, James. 
Giddings, Joshua R. 
Goggin, William L. 
Goode, Patrick G. 
Graham, Joseph. 
Graves, William J. 



Breckenridge, Henry M.3 Green, Willis' 



Brewster, David P. 
Briggs, CJeorge N. 
Brockway, John H. 
Brown, .Varon V. 
Brown, .Vlbert 6. 
Brown, Ausou. 
Burke, Edmond. 
Butler, Sampson H. 
Butler, William 0. 
Bynnm, Jesse A. 
Calhoun, William B. 
Campbell. John. 
Campbell, WiUiam 1!. 
Carr, John. 
Carroll, James. 
Carter, WiUiam B. 
Casey, Zadoc. 
Chapman. Reuben. 
Chinn, Thomas W. 
( 'hittenden, Thomas f 
< lark, John C. 
(lifford, Nathan. 
Coles, Walter. 
Colquett, Walter T. 
Cooper, James. 
Cooper, Mark A. 
Cooper, William R. 
Corwin, Thomas. 
Crabb, George W. 
Craig, Robert. 
Cranston, Robert B. 
Crary, Isaac E. 
Crockett, John W. 
Cross, Edward. 
C:urtis, Edward. 
Cashing, Caleb. 
Dana, Ainasa. 
Davies, Edward. 
Davis, Garrett. 
Davis, John. 
Davis, .John W. 
Davis, Thomas. 
Dawson, William C. 
Deberry, Edmond, 
Dennis, John. 
Dickerson, Philemon. 
Dellett, James. 
Do.an, William. 
Doe, Nicholas B.4 
Doig, Andrew W. 
Dromgoole, George C. 
Earle, Nehemiah H. 
Ea.stman, Joseph A. 
Edwards, John. 
Ely, John. 
Evans, George. 
Everett, Horace. 



Griffin, John K. 
CJrinnell, Moses H. 
Granger, Francis P. 
Habersham, Richard W 
Hall, Hiland. 
Hand, Augustus C. 
Hammond, Robert H. 
Hastings, John. 
Hastings, William S. 
Hawes, Richard. 
Hawkins, Micaj.ah T. 
Henry, Thomas. 
Hill. John. 
Hill, John. 
Hillen, Solomon. 
Hofi'man, Ogden. 
HoIIeman, .Joel. 
Holmes, Isaac E. 
Hooks, Enos. 
Holt, Hines.5 
Hopkins, Cieorge W. 
Howard, Tilghnian A 
Hulibard, David. 
Hunt, Hiram P. 
.lackson, Thomas B. 
.James, Francis, 
.lameson, John. 
.Icnnifer, Daniel, 
.lohnson. Cave 
.lohnson, Charles. 
Johnson, Joseph, 
Johnson, William 0. 
Jones, John W. 
Jones, Nathaniel. 
Keim, George M. 
Kemble, Gouverneur. 
Kempshall, Thomas. 
Kille, Joseph. 
King, Thomas B. 
Lane, Henry S.6 
Lawrence, .ibbott. 
Leadbetter, Daniel P. 
Leet, Isaac, 
Leonard, Stephen B. 
Lewis, Dixon H. 
Lincoln, Levi. 
Lowell, Joshua A. 
Lncjis, William, 
llallory, Francis.7 
Mallory, Meredith. 
Marchand, Albert G. 
Marvin, Richard P. 
Ma,son, Sampson. 
McCarty, William M.6 
McClellan, Abraham. 
McClure, Charles. 9 
McCuIlough, George. 10 



V 



x A li U L A R K j; C U K D 3 . 



xlvii 



McKay. James. 
Medili, WUliam. 
Mercer, Charles F. 
Miller, John. 
Mitchell, Charles F. 
Montanya, ,T. DeLa. 
Monroe, .lames, 
Montgomery, William. 
Moore, John. 12 
Morgan, Christopher. 
Morris, Calvary. 
Morris, Samuel W. 
Morrow, J. 11 
Naylor, Charles. 
Newhard, Peter. 
Nisbet. EugeniusA. 
Ogle. Charles. 
Osborne. Thomas B. 
Paten, Rufus. 
Parmenter, William. 
Parris Virgil D. 
Parrish, Isaac. 
Pavnter. Lemuel. 
Peck, Luther C. 
Petrikin, David. 
Pickens. Francis W. 
Pope, John. 
Prentiss, John H. 
Proffit, George H. 
Ramsey, William S. 
Randall, Benjamin. 
Randolph, John F. 
Rariden, James. 
Rayner, Kenneth. 
Reed, John. 
Reynolds, John. 
Rhett, R. Barnwell. 
Ridgway, Joseph. 
Rives, Francis L. 
Robinson, Thomas Jr 
Rogers, Edward. 
Rogers, James. 
Russell, David. 
Ryall, Daniel B. 
Saltonstall, Leverett. 
Samuel, Green B. 
Sergeant, .John, 
aiiiiw, Tristam. 



Siiiionton, William. 
Slade, William. 
Smith, Albert. 
Smith, John. 
•Smith, Thomas. 
Smith, Truman. 
Stanley, Edward. 
Starkweather, David A 
Steenrod, Lewis. 
Storrs, William L. 
Strong, Theron R. 
Stuart, John T. 
Sumter, Thomas D. 
Swearingen, Henry. 
Sweeney, George. 
Taliaferro, John. 
Taylor, Jonathan. 
Thomas, Francis. 
Thomas, Philip F. 
Thompson, Jacob. 
Thompson, John B.13. 
Thompson, W., Jr. 
Tillinghast, Joseph L. 
Toland, George W. 
Ti-iplett, Philip. 
Trumbull, Joseph. 
Turney, Hopkins L. 
Underwood, James. 
Vauderpoel, Aaron. 
Vroom, Peter D. 
Wagener, David D. 
Wagner, Peter J. 
Warren, Lot. 
Watterson, Harvey M. 
Weller, John B. 
White, Edward D. 
White, John. 
Williams, Christ. H 
Williams, Henry. 
Williams, Jared. 
Williams, Joseph L. 
W'illiams, Lewis. 
Williams, Sherrod. 
Williams, Thomas W. 
Wick, William W. 
Winthrop, Robert C.14 
Wise, Henry A. 
Worthington, J. T. H. 



5. 
6. 
7. 
8. 
9. 
10. 
11. 
12. 



Shepard, Charles. 

1. Elected in place of J. C. 
took his seat. 2. Elected in 
Storrs, resigned. 3. Elected 
Biddle, re.signed. 4. Elected 
Brown, deceased. 
Colquitt, resigned. 
Howard, resigned. 
Holman, resigned. 
Mercer, resigned. 
Ramsey, deceased. 
Potter, deceased. 
Corwin. resigned, 
land, resigned 
son, deceased. 
resigned. 

Territorial Delegates. 
Chapman, W. W. Downing. Charles. 

Doty, James D. 

THE TWENTY-SEVENTH CONGEESS. 

8KNAT0ES. 

John Tyler Vice-President. 
AUen, William. Barrow, Alexander. 

Archer, William S. Bates, Isaac L. 

Bagby, Arthur P.l Bayard. Richard H. 



Alvord, ivho never 

place of William L. 

in place of Richard 

in place of Anson 

Elected in place of W. T. 

Elected in place of F. H. 

Elected in place of Joel 

Elected in place of C. F. 

Elected in place of W. 8. 

Elected in place of W. W. 

Elected in place of Thomas 

Elected in place of R. Gar- 

13. Elected in plai'e of S. H. Ander- 

14. Elected in place of A. Lawrence, 



Miller, Jacob W. 
Mouton, Alexander. 
Nicholson, A. O. P. 
Phelps, Samuel S. 
Pierce, Franklin. 
Porter, Augustus S. 
Prentiss, Samuel. 
Preston, William C. 
Rives, William C. 
Sevier, Ambrose. 
Simmons, James F. 
Smith, Oliver H. 
Smith, Perry. 
Southard, Samuel L. 
Sprague, William. 7 
Sturgeon, Daniel. 
Tallmadge, Nathaniel P. 
Tappan, Benjamin. 
Walker, Robert J. 
White, Albert S. 
Williams, Reuel. 
Wilcox, Leonard. 8 
Woodbridge, WUliam. 
Woodbury, Levi. 
Wright, Silas. 
Young, Richard M. 



Benton, Thomas H. 
Berrian, JohmMcPherson 
Buchanan, James. 
Calhoun, John C. 
Choate, Rnfus. 
Clay, Clement C. 
Clay, Henry. 
Clayton, Thomas. 
Conrad, Charles M.2 
Crafts, Samuel C.3 
Crittenden, John J.4 
CMthbert, Alfred. 
Dayton, William L.5 
Dixon, Nathan F. 
Evans, George. 
Fulton, William S. 
Graham, William \. 
Henderson, Jolm. 
Huntington, Jabez W. 
ICerr, John L. 
King, William R. 
Linn, Louis F. 
Mangum, WLUie P. 
JIarchand, James T. 
McDuffie, George. 6 
McRoberts, Samuel. 
Merrick, William D. 

1. Elected in place of C. C. Clay, resigned. 2. Elected 
in place of Alexander Mouton, resigned. 3. Ap- 
pointed in place of S. Prentiss, resigned. 4. Elected 
in place of Henry Clay, resigned. 5. Elected in place 
of S. L. Southard, deceased. 6. Elected in place of 
W. 0. Preston, resigned. 7. Elected in place of N. F. 
Dixon, deceased. 8. Elected in place of Franklin 
Pierce, resigned. 

Repbessntativbs. 



John W 
Adams, John Q. 
Alford, Julius C. 
Allen, Elisha H. 
Andrews, LandaffW. 
Andrews, Sherlock J. 
Appleton, Nathan. 1 
Arnold, Thomas J. 
Arrington, Archibald H 
Atherton, Charles G. 
A.ycrigg, John B. 
Babeock, Alfred. 
Baker, Osman. 
Banks, Linn. 
Barnard, Daniel D. 
Barton, Richard W. 
Beeson, Henry W. 
Bidlack, Benjamin A. 
Birdseye, Victory. 
Black, Edward J. 
Black, Henry.2 
Blair, Barnard. 
Boardman, William W. 
Borden, Nathaniel B. 
Botts, .John M. 
Boyd, Linn. 
Brewster, David P. 
Briggs, George N. 
Brockway, John H. 
Bronson, David. 3 
Brown, Aaron V. 
Brown, Charles. 
Brovm, Jeremiah. 
Brown, Milton. 
Brown. Samuel S. 
Burke, Edmund. 
Burnell, Barker. 
Butler, Sampson H. 



liite. Speaker. 

Butler, William. 
Butler, William O. 
Caldwell, Green W. 
Caldwell, Patrick L. 
Calhoun, William B. 
Campbell, John. 
Campbell, Thomas ,1. 
Campbell, William B. 
Caruthers, Robert L. 
Gary, George E. 
Casey, Zadoc. 
Chapman. Reuben. 
Childs, Timothy. 
Chittenden, Thomas C. 
Clark, John L. 
Clark, Staley N. 
Clifford, Nathan. 
Clinton, .Tames G. 
Coles, Walter. 
Colquitt, Walter T. 
Cooper, James. 
Cooper, Mark. 
Cowen, Benjamin S 
Cranston, Robert B 
Cross, Edward. 
Cravens, John H. 
Crawford, George W.4 
Gushing, Caleb. 
Daniel, J. R. J. 
Davis, Garrett. 
Da^TS, Richard D. 
Dawson, John B. 
Dawson, William C. 
Dean, Ezra. 
Deberry, Eiliiiund. 
Dimock. Davis, Jr. 
Doan, William. 



xlviii 



TAliLl.AK RECORDS. 



Doig, AndreTv W. 
Eastman, Ira A. 
Edwards, ,Tohu. 
Edwards, ,rohn C. 
Egbert, .Joseph. 
Everett, Horace. 
Ferris, Charles (i. 
Fessenden, AVilliam. 
Fillmore, Millard. 
Floyd, Charles A. 
Floyd. .James G. 
Foster, A. Lawrence. 
Foster, Thomas F. 
Fornence, Jusiiih. 
Gamble, linger L. 
Gates, Seth M. 
Gentry, Meredith P. 
Gerry, James. 
Giddings, .Joshua K. 
Gilmer, Thomas W. 
Goggin, 'William L. 
Goode, Patrick G. 
Goode, William O. 
Gordon, Samnel. 
Graham, .James. 
Granger, Francis. 5 
Green, Willis. 
Greig, John. 
Gustine, Amos. 
Gwin, William M. 
Habersham, Richard W. 
Hall, Hiland. 
Halstead, William. 
Harris, Willi.-.m A. 
Hastings, John. 
Hastings, Willi;. m S. 
Hays, Samu.;l L. 
Henry, Thomas. 
Holmes, Isa;c E. 
Hopkins, Genrge W. 
Houck, Jacob, Jr. 
Houston, Gei rge S. 
Howard, Jacob M. 
Hubard, Edmund W. 
Hudson, Charles. 
Hunt, Hiram P. 
Hunt, R. M. T. 
Ingersoll, Charles J. 
Ingersoll, John R.U 
Irvin, James. 
Irwin, William W. 
Jack, William. 
James, Francis. 
Johnson, Cave. 
Johnson, William C. 
Jones, Isaac D. 
Jones, Jnlm W. 
Keim, George M. 
Kennedy, Andrew. 
Kennedy, John P. 
King, Thomas B. 
Lane, Henry S. 
Lawrence, .Joseph. 
Lewis, Dixon H. 
Linn, Archibald L. 
Littlefield, Nathaniel S. 
Lowell, Joshua A. 
Mallory, Francis. 
Marchand, Albert G. 
Marshall. Alfred. 
Marshall, Thomas F. 
Mason, John T. 
Mason, Sampson. 
Mathews, James. 
Mathiot. Joshua. 



Mattocks, John. 
Maxwell, J. R. B. 
Maynard, John. 
MeClellan, Abraham. 
McClellan, Roliert. 
McKav, James .1. 
McKennon, T. M. T. 
McKeon, John. 
Medill, William. 
Meriwether, .Joseph .\. 
Miller, John. 
Mitchell, Anderson.: 
Moore, John. 
Morgan, Christopher. 
Morris, Calvary. 
.Morrow, Jeremiah. 
Xewhard. I'eter. 
Nisbet, Eugenius A. 
Oliver, William M. 
Osborne, Thomas B. 
Owsley, Bryan Y. 
Parmenter, William. 
Patridge, Samuel. 
Payne, William W. 
Pearce, James A. 
Pendleton, Nathaniel (i. 
Pickens, Francis W. 
Plummer, Arnold. 
Pope, John. 
Powell, Cuthbert. 
Proffit, George H. 
Randall. Alexander. 
Randall, lienjamin. 
Randolph, .Joseph F. 
Ramsey, Robert. 
Rayner, Kenneth. 
Read, Almon H.8 
Reding, John R. 
Rencher, .\brah.am. 
Reynolds. John. 
Rhett, R. B. 
Ridgway, Joseph. 
Riggs, Lewis. 
Rodney, (Jeorge B. 
Rogers, James. 
Roosevelt, James J. 
Russell, .Joseph M.U 
Russell, William. 
Saltonstall, Leverett. 
Sanford, John.; 
Sanders, Romulus il. 
Sergeant, .John. 
Shaw, Tristam. 
Shepherd, Augu,stus Jf. 
Shields, Benjamin D. 
Simonton, William. 
Slade, William. 
Smith, Truman. 
Smith, William. 10 
Snyder, .John. 
Sollers, Augustus R. 
Sprigg, .James C. 
Stanley. Edward. 
Steinrod, I,ewis. 
Stokely, Samuel. 
Stratton, Charles C. 
Stuart, A. H. H. 
Stuart, John T. 
Summers, George W. 
Sumter, Thomas D. 
Sweeney, George. 
Talliaferro, .John. 
Thompson, Jacob. 
Thompson, John B. 
Thompson, Richard W. 



Tillinghast. John L. 
Toland, George W. 
Tomlinson, Thomas A. 
Triplett, Philip. 
Trotts, S. W.ll 
Trumbull, John. 
Turney, Hopkins L. 
Underwood, Joseph. 
Van Buren, John. 
Van Rensselaer, Henry. 
Wallace, David. 
Ward, Aaron. 



Weller, John B. 
Westbrook, .John. 
White, Edward I). 
White, Joseph I;. 
Williams, Christ. H. 
Williams, Joseph L. 
Williams, Joseph W. 
Williams, Lewis. 
Williams, Thomas W. 
Winthrop, Robert G.12 
Wise, Henry A. 
Wood, Fernando. 
Young, Augustus. 



Warren, Lot. 

Washington, William H. Young, John. 

Watterson, Harvey M. Yorke, Thomas J. 

1. Elected in place of R. C. Winthrop, resigned. 
2. Elected in place of Charles Ogle, deceased. 3. 
Elected in place of George Evans, elected Senator. 

4. Elected in place of R. W^. Habersham, deceased. 

5. Elected in place of John Greig, resigned, ti. 
Elected in place of John Sergeant, resigned. 7. Elected 
in place of Lewis Williams, deceased 8. Elected in 
place of D. Dimock, dece.a.sed. 9. l^lected in place 
of Joseph Lawrence, deceased. 10. Successfully con- 
tested the seat of Linn Banks. 11. Elected in 
place of S. H. Bntler, resigned. 12. Appointed and 
subsequently elected in place of N. Appleton, resigned. 

Territorial Delegates. 
Dodge, Augustus C. Le^Ti David. 

Dodge. Henry. 

THE TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 
Senators. 



President Pro Ti in.\ 
Huger, Daniel E. 9 
Huntington, Jabcz W. 
Jarnagan, Spencer. 
Johnson, Henry. 10 
King, William E. 
Lewis, Dixon H.ll 
McDuffie, George. 
Merrick, William D. 
MiUer, Jacob W. 
Moorehead, John F. 
Niles, John M. 
Pearce, James A. 
Phelps, Samuel A. 
Porter, Ale.xander. 
Porter, Augustus S. 
Hives, William C. 
Semple, James.l2 
Sevier, Ambrose H. 
Simmons, James F. 
Sprague, William. 
Sturgeon, Daniel. 
T.illmadge, Nathaniel P. 
Tappan, Benjamin. 
Upham, Vfilliam. 
Walker, Robert J. 
White, Albert S. 
Woodbridge, William 
Woodbury, Levi. 
Wright, SiLos. 



Willie P. Mangmn, 
Allen, William. 
Archer, William S. 
Ashley, Chester. 2 
Atchison, David R.3 
Atherton, Charles G. 
Bagby, Arthur C. 
Barrow, Alexander. 
Bates, Isaac C. 
Bayard, Richard H. 
Benton, Thomas H. 
Berrian, John McPherson. 
Breese, Sidney. 
Buchanan, James. 
Choate. Ivufus. 
Clayton, Thomas. 
Colquitt, Walter F. 
Crittenden, John J. 
Dayton, William L. 
Dickinson, Daniel S.4 
Dix, John A. .5 
Evans, George. 
Fairfield, John.6 
Foster, Ephraim H. 
Foster, Henry A.7 
Francis, John B.8 
Fulton, William S. 
Hannegau, Edward A. 
Haywood, William H. 
Henderson, John. 

1. Vice-President in place of John Tyler, who 
became President. 2. Elected in place of W. S. 
Fulton, deceased. 3. Appointed, and subsequently 
elected, in place of Louis F. Linn, deceased. 4. 
Appointed, and subsequently elected, in place of N. 
P. Tallmadge, resigned. 5. Elected in place of 
Silas Wright, Jr., resigned. 6. Elected in place of 
Reuel Williams, resigned. 7. Appointed in place of 
Silas V/right, Jr., resigned. 8. Elected in place of 
William Sprague, resigned. 9. Elected in place of 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



xlis 



J. C. Calhoun, resigned. 10. Elected in place of 
Alexander Porler, deceased. 11. Appointed, and 
•subseciuontly elected, in place of W. R. King, re- 
signed. 12. Appointed, and subsequently elected, 
iu place of S. Mc. Roberts, deceased. 

Eepbf-sekt.vtivks. 

John W. June!', Spiakcr. 



Abbott, .\mos. 
Adams, John Q. 
Anderson, .Joseph U. 
Arrington, A. H. 
Ashe, John B. 
Atkinson, Archibald. 
Baker, Osm.vn. 
Barnard, Daniel D. 
Barringer, Daniel M. 
Bayly, Thonia.s H.l 
Beardslcy, Samuel. 
Belser, James E. 
Benton, Charles S. 
Eidlack, Benjamin A. 
Black, Edv.ard J. 
Black, James. 
Black, James A. 
Blackwell, Julius W. 
Bossier, Peter E. 
Bower, Gustavus M. 
Bowlin, lames B. 
Boyd, Linn. 
Brengle, Francis. 
Brinkerhoff, Henry R. 
Brinkerhoir, J. 
Brodhead, Richard. 
Brown, .\aron V. 
Brown, .leremiah. 
Brown, Milton. 
Brown, William J. 
Buffinger, Joseph. 
Burke. Edmund. 
Burt, .\rmistead. 
Caldwell, George A. 
Campbell, John. 
Carey, Jeremiah E. 
Carey, Shepard. 
Carpenter, Levi D.2 
Carroll, Charles H. 
Catlin, George H. 
Cansin, J. M. S. 
Chapman, Augustus A. 
Chapman, Reuben. 
Chappell, Absulom H. 
Chilton, Samuel. 
Clinch, Duncan L.3 
Cliugman, Thomas L. 
Clinton, James D. 
Cobb, Howell. 
Coles, Walter. 
CoUamer. Jacol). 
Cranston, llenrv Y. 
Cro.ss. Henry. 
Cullon, Alvin. 
Dana, Amasa. 
Daniel, John R. .1. 
Darragh, Cornelius.4 
Davis, Garrett. 
Davis, John W. 
Davis, Richard D. 
Dawson, John B. 
Dean, Ezra. 
Deberry, Edmund. 
Dellett, James. 
Dickey, John. 
Dickinson, D. W. 
Dillingham, Paul, Jr. 

d 



Douglass, Stephen A. 
Uromgoole, Cieorge C. 
Duncan, Alexander. 
Dunlap, Robert P. 
Ellis, Chessenden. 
Elmer, Lucius Q. 0. 
Farlis, Israel T. 
Ficklin, Orlando B. 
Fish, Hamilton. 
Florence. Elias, 
Foster, Henry D. 
Foot, Solomon. 
French, Richard. 
Frick, Henry. 
Fuller, George.5 
Giddings, .Toshua IJ. 
Gilmer, Thomas \V. 
Goggin William M.(> 
Green, Byram. 
Green, Willis. 
Grider, Henry. 
Grinnell, Joseph. 
Hale, John P. 
Hamlin, Edward 8.7 
Hamlin, Hannibal. 
Hammett, William H. 
Haralson, Hugh A. 
Hardin, cTohn J. 
Harper, Alexander. 
Hays, Alexander. 
Henly, Thomas J. 
Herrick, Joshua. 
Hoge, Joseph P. 
Holmes, Isaac E. 
Hopkins, George W. 
Houston, George S. 
Hubaid, E. W. 
Hubbell, William S. 
Hudson, Charles. 
Hughes, Joseph M. 
Hungertbrd, Orville. 
Hunt, James B. 
Hunt, Washington. 
Ingersoll, Charles J. 
IngersoU, Joseph R. 
Irvin, James. 
.Jameson. John. 
Jenks, Michael H. 
Johnson, .\ndrew. 
John.son, Cave. 
Johnson, Perlcy B. 
Jones, George W. 
Kennedy, Andrew. 
Kennedy, John P. 
King, Daniel P. 
King, I're.ston. 
Kirkpatrick, L. 
Labranche, .\lcee. 
Leonard, Moses. 
Lewis, Dixon H. 
Lucas, William. 
Lumpkin, John H. 
Lyon, Lncius, 
Maday, William B. 
Marsh, George P. 
Matthews, James. 
McCauslan, WiUiam. 



McClellan, Robert. 
McClernan, John A. 
McConnell, Felix G. 
McDowell, Joseph J. 
Mcllvaine, A. R. 
McKay, James J. 
Miller, John. 
Moore, Heman A. 8 
.Morris, Ed. Joy. 
Morris, .Joseph. 
Morse, Freeman H. 
Morse, Isaac E. 
Moseley, William A. 
Murphy, Henry C. 
Nes, Henry. 
Newston. Willoughby. 
Norris. Moses, Jr. 
Owen, Robert Dale. 
Parmenter, William. 
Patterson, Thomas J. 
Payne, William W. 
Pettis, John. 
Peyton, Joseph H. 
Phoenix. J. Phillips. 
Pollack, .Tames.9 
Potter, Elisha R. 
Potter, Emery D. 
Pratt, Zadoc. 
Preston, Jacob A. 
Purdy, Smith M. 
Ramsey, Alexander. 
K'athbun, George. 
Raynor, Renneth. 
Read, Almon H. 
Reed, Chaile.s M. 
Reeding, John R. 
Reid, David S. 
Relf, Joseph H. 
Rhett, R. B. 
Ritter, John. 
Roberts, Robert, W. 
Robinson, Orville. 
Rockwell, Julius. 
Rodney, George B. 
Rogers, Charles. 
Russell, Jeremiah. 
Sample, Samuel C. 
Saunders, Romulus M. 
Schenck, Robert C. 



Severance, Luther. 
Seymour, David L. 
Seymour, Thomas H. 
Simons, S.amuel. 
Simpson, Richard. 
Slidell, John. 
Smith, Alfred. 
Smith, Caleb B. 
Smith, ,John T. 
Smith, Robert. 
Smith, Thomas. 
Spence. Thom.as A. 
Stcenrod, Lewis. 
Stewart, Andrew. 
Stewart, John. 
Stetson, Lemuel. 
Stevens, A. H. 
Stiles, William H. 
St. .fohn, Henry. 
Stone, Alfred P. 10 
Stone, .Joseph W. 
Strong, Selah B. 
Summers, George W. 
Sykes, George. 
Taylor, Asher. 
Taylor, William. 
Thomasson, William P 
Thompson, Jacob. 
Tibbatts, John W. 
Tiklen, Daniel P. 
Tucker, Tilghman M. 
Vance, Jo.seph. 
Vanmeter, John J. 
Vinton, Samuel F. 
Weller, John B. 
Wentworth, John, 
Wetheral, .John. 
Wheatim, Hora(!e. 
White, Benjamin. 
White, John. 
Wilkins, William. 
Williams. Henry. 
Winthrop, Robert C. 
Wise, Henry .\. 
Woodward, Joseph A. 
Wright, Joseph A. 
Wright, Williams. 
Yancey, WilliamL.ll 
Yost, Jacob S. 



Senter, William T. 

1. Elected in place of Henry A.Wise, resigned. 

2. Elected in place of Samuel Beardsley, resigned. 

3. Elected in place of John Jlillen. deceased. 4. 
Elected in place of William Wilkins, resigned. 
5. Elected in iil.ice of A. H. Read, deceased. 6. 
Elected in place of T. W. Gilmer, resigned. 7. 
Elected in place of Ed. S. Brinkerhoff, dece.Tsed. 
8. Elected in place of Peter Bossier, deceased. 9. 
Elected in place of H. Frick, deceased. 10. Elected 
in place of H. A. Moore, deceased. 11. Elected in 
place of D. H. Lewis, appointed Senator. 

Tcrritoria I Drtrr/n lex. 
Dodge, .\ugustus C. Levy, David. 

Do<lge, Henry. 

THE TWENTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 

Senators. 

George 31. Dallas, Vice-President. 



Allen, William. 
Archer, William S. 
Ashley, Chester. 
,\tcliinson, 1). B. 
.\therton, Charles G. 
Badger, George E.1 



Baghy, Arthur P. 
Barrow, Alexander. 
Benton, Thomas H. 
Bcrrian, J. McPherson. 
Breese, Sidney. 
Bright^ Jesse D. 



TABULAR RECOKlJd. 



Bucliiiuan, James. 
Butler. Andrew P.2 
Calhoun, .John (J.3 
Cameron, Simon. 4 
Cass, Lewis. 
Chalmers, .lohn W.5 
Cilley, Joseph. 6 
Clayton, John M. 
Clayton, Thonuis. 
Colijuitt, Waller T. 
Corwin, Thomas. 
Crittenden, John J. 
Davis, John.? 
l>ayton, William L. 
Dickinson, Daniel S. 
Dix, .fohn A. 
Evans. George. 
Fairfield. John. 
Hannegan, Edward A. 
Hastings, S. C. 
Haywood, William H. 
Houston, .Samuel. 
Huntington, Jabez W. 
Greene, Albert G. 
Jarnagin. Silencer. 
Jenne.ss, Benning W.8 



Joliuson, Henry. 
Johnson, lieverdy. 
Lewis. Dixon H. 
Maugum, Willie P. 
Mason, James M.t) 
MeDuffie, George. 
Miller, Jacob W. 
Moorehead, James T. 
Niles, John M. 
Pearce, James A. 
Pennybacker, J. S. 
Phelps, William S. 
Rusk, Thomas J. 
Semple, James. 
Sevier, Ambrose H. 
Simmons, James F. 
Soule, Pierre. 10 
Speight, Jesse. 
Sturgeon, Daniel. 
Turney, Hopkins L. 
Upham W. 
Walker, R. J. 
Webster, Daniel. 
Wescott, J. D. 
Woodbridge, William. 
Yulee, David L. 



1. Elected in place of W. H. Haywood, resigned. 

2. Appointed in place of George MeDuffie, resigned. 

3. Elected in place of Daniel E. Huger, resigned. 

4. Elected in place of James Buchanan, resigned. 

5. Elected in place of R. J. Walker, resigned. 

6. Elected in place of Levi Woodbury, resigned. 

7. Elected in place of J. C. Bates, deceased. 8. Ap- 
pointed in place of Levi Woodbury, resigned. 9. 
Elected in place of J. S. Pennybacker, deceased. 
10. Elected in place of Alexander Barrow, deceased. 

Repeesextatives. 
John W. Davis, Speaker. 



Abbott, Amos. 
Adams, John y. 
Adams, Stephen. 
Anderson, Joseph H. 
Arnold, Lemuel Hi 
Ashmim, Georije. 
Atkinson, Archibald. 
Baker, Edward D. 
Barringer, Daniel M. 
Bavly, Thomas H. 
Bell, Joshua F. 
Benton. Charles S. 
Black, James. 
Black, James A. 
Blanchard, John. 
Bowden, Franklin W.l 
Bowlin. .lames B. 
Boyd, Linn. 
Briggs, Asa. 
Brinckerhoflf, Jacob. 
Brockenbrough, W. H.2 
Brodhead, Richard. 
Brown, Milton. 
Brown, William C. 
Buftington, Joseph. 
Burt, Arraistead. 
Cabell, E. 0. 
Campbell. John H. 
Campbell. W. W. 
Carroll, Charles H. 
Cathcart, Charles W. 
Chapman, Augustas A. 
Chapman, John G. 
Chapman, Reuben. 
Chase, Lucien B. 



Chipman, John S. 
Clark, Henry S. 
Cobb, Howell. 
Cocke, William M. 
Collamer, Jacob. 
Collins, John F. 
Constable, Albert. 
Cottrell, J. L. F.3 
Cranston, Henry Y. 
Crozier, John H. 
CuUom, Alvin. 
Culver. Erastus D. 
Cummings, J. D. 
Cunningham, F. A. 
Daniels, J. R. J. 
Dargan, Edmund S. 
Darragh, Cornelius. 
Davis, Garrett. 
Davis, Jefferson. 
Delano, Columbtis. 
De Mott, John. 
Dillingham, Paul, Jr. 
Dixon, James. 
Dobbins, James C. 
Dockery, Alfred. 
Douglass, Stephen A. 
Dromgoole, George C. 
Dunlap, Robert P. 
Edsell, Joseph E. 
Ellett, Henry T.4 
Ellsworth, Samuel S. 
Erdman. Jacob. 
Ewing, Edwin H. 
Ewing, John H. 
Faran, James J. 



Ficklin. Orlando B. 
Foster. Henry D. 
Foot, Solomon. 
Fries, George. 
Garvin, William S. 
Gentry, Meredith P. 
Giddings, Joshua R. 
Giles, William F. 
Gordon, Samuel. 
Goodyear, Charles. 
Graham, .Tames. 
Grider, Henry. 
Grinnell, Joseph. 
Grover, Martin. 
Hale, Artemus. 
Hamlin, Hannibal. 
Hampton, James G. 
Haralson, Hugh A. 
Harmanson, J. H. 
Harper, Alexander. 
Hastings, S. Clinton. 
Henley, Thomas J. 
Henry, John. 5 
Herrick, Richard P. 
Hillard, Henry W. 
Hoge, Joseph P. 
Holmes, Elias B. 
Holmes, Isaac E. 
Hopkins, George W. 
Hough, William J. 
Houston, George S. 
Houston, John W. 
Hubard, Edmund W. 
Hubbard, Samuel D. 
Hudson, Cbarles. 
Hungerford, Orville. 
Hunt, James B. 
Hunt, Washington. 
Hunter, R. M. T. 
Ingersoll, Charles J. 
Ingersoll, Joseph R. 
Jenkins, Timothy. 
Johnson, Andrew, 
.lohnson, James H. 
Johnson, Joseph. 
Jones, George W. 
Jones, Seaborn. 
Kauffman, DaWd S. 
Kennedy, Andrew. 
King, Daniel P. 
King. Preston. 
King. Thomas B. 
La Sere, Emile.6 
Lawrence, John W. 
Leake, Shelton F. 
LefHer, Shepherd. 
Leib, Owen D. 
Levin, Lewis C. 
Lewis, Abner. 
Lyon, Thomas W. 
Long, Edward H. 
Lumpkin, John H. 
Maclay, William B. 
Marsh, George P. 
Martin, Barclay. 
Martin, John P. 
MeClean, Moses. 
McClelland, Robert. 
McClernand, John A. 
McConnell, Felix G. 
McCrate, John D. 
McDaniel, William. 7 
McDowell James.8 
McDowell, Joseph J. 
McGaughey, Edward W. 



McHenrv, John H. 
McHvane, A. R. 
McKay, James J. 
Miller, William S. 
Morris, Joseph. 
Morris, Moses, Jr-r- 
Morse, Isaac Tf. .C -. 
Moseley, William A. 
Moulton. Mace. 
Newton, Thom:is W.9 
Niven, Archibald C. 
Owen, Robert D. 
Parrish, Isaac. 
Payne, William W. 
Pettit, John. 
Pendleton, John S. 
Perrill, Augustus L. 
Perry, Thomas. 
Phelps, John S. 
Pillsbury, Timothy. 
Poe, Washington. 
Pollock, .lames. 
Price, Sterling. 
Ramsey, Alexander. 
Rathbun, George. 
Reid, David S. 
Relfe, James H. 
Rhett, R. B. 
Ripley, Thomas CIO 
Ritter. John. 
Roberts, Robert W. 
Rockwell, James A. 
Rockwell, Julius. 
Root, Joseph M. 
Runk, John. 
Russell, Joseph. 
Sawtelle, CuUen. 
Sawyer, William. 
Scammon, John F. 
Schenek, Robert C. 
Seaman, Henry G. 
Seddon, James A. 
Severance, Luther. 
Simpson, Richard F. 
Sims, Alexander D. 
Sims. Leonard H. 
Slidell, John. 
Smith, Albert. 
Smith, Caleb B. 
Smith, Robert. 
Smith, Thomas. 
Smith, Truman. 
Stanton, Fred. P. 
Starkweather, D. A. 
Stephens, A. H. 
Stewart, Andrew. 
St. John, Henry. 
Strohm, John. 
Strong, Stephen. 
Sykes, George. 
Taylor, William. 
Thibadeaux, B. O. 
Thomasson, William P. 
Thompson, Benjamin. 
Thompson, Jacob. 
Thompson, .Tames. 
Thurman, Allen (i. 
Tibbatts, .John W. 
Tilden, Daniel R. 
Tombs, Robert. 
Towns, George W.ll 
Tredw.ay, William W. 
Trumbo, Andrew. 
Vance, Joseph. 
Vinton, Samuel F. 



TABULAK KKCOKDS. 



Wentworth, John. 
Wlipaton, Horace. 
White, Hugh. 
Wick. William W. 
Williams, Hezekiah. 
Wilmof, Davii!. 
"Wintlirop, Robert C. 
Wood. Betll'ord R. 



Woodruft\ Thomas M. 
Woodward, Joseph A. 
Woodworth, William W. 
Wright, William. 
Yant'cv, William L. 
Yell, .\rfhibald. 
Yost, .I.a<»l) S. 
Young. Bryan R. 



Rkpkesentatiyes. 



Robert 0. Winlhiop, f^peaker. 



Allen 
Ashley, Chester. 
Atchinson, David R. 
Atlicrtou, Charles G. 
Badger, George E. 
Bagby, Arthur P. 
Baldwin, Roger S.l 
Bell. John. 
Benton, Thomas H. 
Berrian, John INIcPherson 
Borland. Solon.2 
Bradbury, James W 
Breese, Sidney. 
Bright, Jesse D. 
Butler, jVndrew P. 
Calhoun, John C. 
Cameron, Simon. 
Cass. Lewis. 
Clark, John H. 
Clayton, John M. 
Cohiuitt, Walter T. 
Corwin, Tlionias. 
Crittenden, John J. 
Davis, Jefferson. 3 
Davis, John. 
Dayton, William L. 
Dickinson, Daniel S. 
Dix, John A. 
ilodi;e. Augustus C. 
Dodge. Heni-y 
Douglass, Stephen A. 
Downs. Solomon W 
Fairtield. John. 
Felch. Alphens. 



1. Elected in place of F. G. .McConnell, deceased. 

2. Successfully contested the election of E. C. Cabell. 

3. Elected in place of William L. Yancey, resigned. 

4. Elected in place of JelVcisou Davis, resigned. 

5. Elected in place of Edward P. Baker, resigned. 
G. Elected in place of John Slidell, resigned. 7. 
Elected in place of Sterling Price, resigned. 8. 
Elected in place of Williani Tayloi, deceased. 

9. Elected in place of Archibald Yell, resigned. 

10. Elected in idace of Richard P. Herrick. deceased. 

1 1. Elected in place of Washington Poe, resigned. 

Territorial Delegates. 
Dodge, Augustus C. Martin, Morgan L. 

THE THIRTIETH CONGRESS. 
Senatoes. 
George M. Dallas, Vice- f resident. 
William. Fitzgerald, Thomas.4 

Fitzpatriik. r.enjamin.5 
Foote, Henry S. 
Greene, .\lbert C. 
Hall, John P. 
Hannegan, Edward A. 
Hamlin, Hannibal.6. 
Houston, Samuel. 
Hunter, R. M. T. 
Johnson. Her.-^chell V.7 
Johnson. Henry. 
.Tones, George W. 
King, William R.8 
Lewis, Dixon H. 
Mai<s"am Willie P. 
Sla-son, James M. 
Metcalf. Thonia.s.O 
Miller, Jacob W. 
Moore, W. B. S.IO 
Niles, .Tohn M. 
Pearce. James A. 
Rusk, Thomas J. 
Sebastian, William K.11 
Sevier, Ambrose H. 
Spruance, Presley. 
Sturgeon. Daniel. 
Turncy, Hopkins L. 
Underwood, .Tames R. 
Uphani. William. 
Wales, .rolin.12 
Walkei-. Isaac P. 
Webster, Daniel. 
Wescott, .Tames D., Jr. 
yulic. David L. 
1. Appointed in place of Jabe.. \V. Huntington, 
deceased. 2. Appointed and sub.v,/quently elected in 
place of A. H. Sevier, resignet' 3. Appointed and 
sub-sequently elected in place of .lesse Speight, de- 
ceased. 4. Appointed in place of Lewis Cass, re- 
signed. 5. Appointed in place of Dixon II. Lewis, 
deceased. 6. Elected in place of John Fairfield, 
deceased. 7. Appointed in place of W. T. Colquitt, 
resigned. 8. Appointed and subsequently elected in 
place of A. P. Bagby, resigned. 9. Appointed and 
subsequently elected in place of J. J. Crittenden, 
resigned. 10. Aiipointed in place of .Tohn Fairlield, 
deceased 11. Appointed in jilacc of Chester Ashley, 
deceased. 12. Elected in place of J. M. Clayton, re- 
signed. 



Abbott, Amos. 
.Adams. Green. 
Adams, John Q. 
Ashman, George. 
.\tkinson, Archibald. 
Barringer. Daniel M. 
Harrow, Washington. 
Baylev, Thomas H. 
Beale," R. L. T. 
Bedinger, Henry. 
Belcher, Hiram. 
Birdsall, Ausbum. 
Bingham, Kingsley S. 
Black, James A. 
Bl.ackmar, Esbon.l 
Blanchard, .Tohn. 
Bocock. Thomas S. 
Botts. John M. 
Bowdon, Franklin W. 
Bowlin. James B. 
Boyd, Linn. 
Boydcn, Nathaniel. 
Brady, .Toseph E. 
Bridges, Samuel A. 2 
Brodhcad, Richard. 
Brown, .\lbert G. 
Brown, Charles. 
Brown, William G. 
Buckner, Aylett. 
r.iirt, Armistead. 
Butler, Chester. 
Cabell, E. Carrington. 
Canby, Richard S. 
Cathcart, Charles W. 
Chapman, John G. 
Chase, Lucien B. 
Clapp, Asa W. H. 
Clark, Beverly L. 

tUark, Franklin. 

Clingmau, Thomas L. 

Cobb, Howell. 

Cobb. W. R. W. 

( 'ocke, William M. 

CoUamer. Jacob. 

Collins. William. 

('onger, Harmon. 

Cranston, Robert B. 

Cresfield, John W. 

Crowell, .lohn. 

Crozier, John H. 

Cummins. John D. 

D.aniel. J. R. .f. 

Darling, Mason C. 

Dic'.iiey, John. 

Dickinson, Rndolphus. 

Dixon, James. 

[ionnell, Richard S. 

Dunn, George G. 

Duncan, Daniel. 

Duncan. Garnett. 

Duerr, William. 

Kckert, George. 

E<lsall, Joseph E. 

Edwards. Thomas O. 

Embree. Elisha. 

Evans, Alexander. 

Evans, Nathan. 

Faran, James J. 

Farrelly, John W. 

Featherston. Winfield S. 

Ficklin. Orlando B. 

Fi.sher, David. 
I Flonrney, Thomas F. 



Freeley, .Tohn. 
French. Richard. 
Fries, George. 
Fnlton, Andrew. 
Gaines, John P. 
Gayle, John. 
Gentry, Meredith P 
Giddings, Jo.shua Ti. 
Goggiu. William L. 
Gott. Daniel. 
Greeley, Horace.3 
Green, James S. 
Gregory. Dudley S. 
Grinnell, Joseph. 
Hale. Artemus. 
Hall. Nathan. 
Hall, Willard P. 
Hammond, David. 
Hampton, .Tames G. 
Hampton, Moses. 
Harmauson, ,Tohn IT. 
Haralson, Hugh A. 
Harris, Sampson W. 
Ha,skell, William T. 
Henly, Thomas J. 
Henrv. William. 
Hill.H. L. W. 
Hillard, Henry W. 
Holley, John M. 
Holmes, Eli as B. 
Holmes, Isaac E. 
Hornbeck, John W. 
Houston, Cieorge S. 

Houston, John W. 
Hubbard. Samuel D. 
Hudson, Charles. 

Hunt, Washington. 

Inge, Samuel W. 

Ingersoll, Charles J. 

Ingersoll, Joseph R. 

Iverson. Alfred. 

Irvin, Alexander. 

Jackson, David S. 

Jamieson, .Tohn. 

Jenkins, Timothy. 

Johnson, Andrew. 

Johnson, James H. 

Johnson, Robert W. 

Jones, George W. 

Jones, John W. 

Kaufman, David 8. 

Kellogg, Orlando. 

Kennon, AVilliam, Jr. 

King, Daniel P.' 

King, Thomas B. 

Lahm, Samuel. 

La Sere. Emile. 

Lawrence, Sidney. 

Lawrence, Willi.am T. 

Lcfller, Shepherd. 

Levin, Lewis C. 

Ligon, Thomas W. 

Lincoln, Abraham. 

Lord, Frederick W. 

Lumpkin, John H. 

Lvude, William P. 

Maclay, William B. 

Mann, Horaco.4 

M.!un, Job. 

Jlarsh, George P. 

Marvin, Dudley. 

McClelland, Robert. 

McCleruand, J. A. 



lii 



TABULAK KECOKDS. 



McDowell, James. 

McI lvalue, A. K. 

McKay, James J. 

McLane, Robert M. 

McQueen, John. 5 

Mead, Richard K. 

Miller, John K. 

Moorehead, Charles S. 

Morris, Jonathan D. 

Moi'se, Isaac E. 

Mullin, .loseph. 

Murphy, Henry C. 

Nelson, William. 

Nes, Ilenry. 

Newell, William A. 

Nicoll, Henry. 

Outlaw, David. 

Palfrey, John G. 

Pe,aslee, Charles H. 

Peck, Lucien B. 

Pendleton, John S. 

Petrie, George. 

Pettit, John. 

Peyton, Samuel 0. 

Phelps. John S. 

Pillsbury, Timothy. 

Pollock, James. 
Preston, William B. 
Putnam, Harvey 
Reynolds, Gideon. 
Ehett, R. B. 
Richardson, William A. 
Richey, Thomas. 
Robinson. .John L. 
Eockhill, William. 
Rockwell. John. 
Rockwell, Julius, 
Roman, J. Di.\on. 
Root, .Joseph M. 
Rose, Robert L. 
Rumsey, David. Jr. 
Sawyer, William. 
Schenck. Robert C. 
Shepperd, Augustus H. 
Sherrell, Eliakim. 

1. Elected in place of John M. Holley, deceased 

2. Elected in place of J. N. Hornbeck, deceased 

3. Elected in place of D. S. .lackson, whose seat wa> 
declared vacant. 4. Elected in place of John Q. 
Adams, deceased. 5. Elected in place of A. D. Sim^ 
deceased. 6. Elected in place of J. A. Black, de 
ceased. 

Territorial Di'leijiUes. 
Sibley, Henry H. Tweedy, John H. 

THE THIRTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 

Rex.\tors. 

Millard Fillmore, Vice-President. 



Simpson, Richard F. 
Sims, A. D. 
Slingerland, John I. 
Smart, Ephraim K. 
Smith, Caleb B. 
Smith, Robert. 
Smith, Truman. 
Stanton, Frederick P. 
Starkweather, G. A. 
Stephens, A. H. 
Stewart, Andrew. 
St. John, Daniel B. 
Strohm, John 
Strong, William. 
Stuart, Charles E. 
Sylvester, Feter H. 
Tallmadge, Frederick A. 
Taylor, John L. 
Thibacleaux, Bannon G. 
Thomas, James H. 
Thompson, Jacob. 
Thompson, .lames. 
Thompson, John B. 
Thompson, Richard W. 
Thompson, Robert A. 
Thompson, William. 
Thurston, Benjamin B. 
Tompkins, Patrick W. 
Toombs, Robert. 
Tuck, Amos. 
Turner, Thomas J. 
Vandyke, .lohn. 
Venable, Abraham W. 
Vinton, Samuel F. 
W.dlace, Daniel. 6 
Warren, Cornelius. 
Wentworth, John. 
White, Hugh. 
Wick, William W. 
Wiley, James S. 
Williams, Hezekiah. 
Wilmot, David. 
Wilson, James. 
Woodward, Joseph A. 



Atcliison, David R. 
Badger, George E. 
Baldwin, Roger S. 
Rarnwell, Robert W.l 
Bell, John. 
Benton, Thomas H. 
Berrian. J. .McPherson. 
Borland, Solan. 
Bradbury. James W. 
Bright, Jesse D. 
Butler, Arthur P. 
Calhoun, John C. 
Ca.ss, Lewis. 
Chase. Salmon P. 
Clark. .lohn. 
Clay, Henry. 



Clemens, Jeremiah. 
Cooper, .Tames. 
Corwin Thomas. 
Davis. Jefferson. 
Davis, John. 
Dawson, William C. 
Dayton, William L. 
Dickin.son, Daniel S. 
Dodge. Augustus C. 
Hodge, Henry. 
Doughuss. Stephen A. 
Down, Solomon N. 
Elmore, Franklin H.2 
Ewing, Thomas.3 
Felch, Alphens. 
Foot, Henry S. 



Fremont, John C. 
Gwinn, William W 
Green, Albert C. 
Hale, John P. 
Hamlin, Hannibal. 
Houston, Samuel. 
Hunter, R. M. T. 
.lones, George W. 
King. William R. 
Mangum, Willie P. 
.Ma.son, James M. 
.Miller, Jacob W. 
Morton, Jackson. 
.Vorris, Moses, Jr. 
Pearce, James A. 
I'helps, Samuel S. 
I'ratt, Thom;\s G.4 
Kantoul, Robert, Jr.5 
Khett, R.B.G 

1. Appointed in place of F. H. Elmore, 
2. Appointed in place of John C. Calhoun, 
:{. Appointed in place of Thomas Corwin 
4. Elected in place of Eeverdy Johnson, 
■"). Elected in place of Daniel Webster, 

6. Elected in place of John C. Calhoun, 

7. Appointed in place of Reverdy Jolinson, 
■<. Appointed iu place of Daniel Webster, 

Representatives. 



Knsk, Thomas J. 
Sebastian, William K. 
Seward, William H. 
Shields, James. 
Smith, Truman. 
Soale, Pierre. 
Spruance. Presley. 
Stewart, David. 7 
Sturgeon. D.aniel. 
Turney, Hopkins L. 
Underwood, Jo.seph R. 
Upham, William. 
Walker, Isaac P. 
Wales, John. 
Webster, Daniel. 
Whitcombe, James. 
Winthrop, Robert C.8 
Yulee, Da^ id L. 



deceased, 
deceased, 
resigned, 
resigned, 
resigned, 
deceased, 
resigned, 
resigne 1. 



Howell 
.Mbertson, Nathaniel. 
.Alexander, Henry P. 
Allen, Charles. 
.\lston, 'William J. 
Anderson, .Tosiah M. 
.\ndrews, George R. 
Ashe, William S. 
.\shmun, George. 
Averett, Thomas H. 
Baker, Edward D. 
Bay, W. V. N. 
Bayiey, Thomas H. 
Beale, James W. H. 
Bell, John.l 
Bennett, Henry. 
Bingham, Kingsley S. 
Bissell, William H. 
Bocock, Thomas S. 
Bokee. David A. 
Booth, Walter. 
Iiowdon, Franklin. 
Bowie, Richard R. 
Bowtin, .Tames B. 
Boyd, Linn. 
Breck, Daniel. 
Briggs. George. 
Brisben, John. 2 
Brooks, James. 
Brown, Albert G. 
Brown, William J. 
Buel, Alexander W. 
I'.uUard, Henry A. 3 
Burroughs, Lorenzo. 
Burt. Armistead. 
I'.utler, Chester. 
Butler, Thomas B. 
Cabell, E. Carrington. 
Cable, Joseph. 
Caldwell, George A. 
Caldwell. Joseph H. 
Calvin, Samuel. 
Campbell. Lewis D. 
Casey, .Joseph. 
Carter, David R. 
Chandler, Joseph E. 



Coifi, Speaker. 

Clark, Charles E. 
Cleveland, Chauncey F. 
Clingman, Thomas L. 
Cobb, W R. W. 
Conger, Harmon S. 
Colecock, William F. 
Cole, Or^amus. 
Conrad, Charles M. 
Corwin. Moses R. 
Crowell, John. 
Daniel, J. R. J. 
Danner, Joel B.4 
Deberry. Edmond. 
Dickey. Jesse C. 
Dimmick, Milo. M. 
Disney. D.ivid T. 
Dixon, Nathan F. 
Doty, James Dnane. 
Duer, William. 
Duncan, James H. 
Dunham, Cyrus L. 
Durkee, Charles. 
EduKmson, Henrv A. 
Elliott, Samuel A.5 
Evans, Alexander. 
Evans, Nathan. 
Ewing, Andrew. 
Featherston, Wintield S. 
Fitch, Graham N. 
Fowler, Orin. 
Freedly. John. 
Fuller,' Thomas J. D. 
Gentry, Meredith P. 
Gerry, Elbridne. 
Giddings, Joshua E. 
Gilbert, Edward. 
Gilmore, Alfred. 
Goodenow. liufus K. 
Gtorman, Willis A. 
Gott, David. 
Gould, Herman D. 
Greene, James S. 
Grinnell, Joseph. 
Hackett, Thomas C. 
Hall, Willard P. 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



liii 



Hallowiiy, Ransom. 
HaniiltoD, William F. 
Hammond, Kdward. 
Hampton, Moses. 
Haralson, Hugh A. 
Harlan, Audrmv ,1. 
Harmanson, John H. 
Harris, I.sham G. 
Harris, Sampson W. 
Harris, Thoma.s L. 
Hay, Andrew K. 
Huyniond, Thomas S.G 
Hebard, William. 
Henry, William. 
Hibbard, Henry. 
Hillard. Henry W. 
Hoagland, Moses. 
Holliday, Ale.xander l\ 
Holmes, Isaac K. 
Houston, John W. 
Howe, John W. 
Howard, Volney E. 
Hubbard, David. 
Hunter, William F. 
Inge, Samuel M. 
Jat'kson. Joseph W.7 
Jackson, William T. 
Johnson, Andrew. 
Johnson, James L. 
Johnson, Robert W. 
Jones, George W. 
Julian, George W. 
Kaufman, David S. 
Kerr, John ]i. 
King, Daniel P. 
King, George C. 
King, James G. 
King, John A. 
King, Preston. 
La Sere, Emile. 
Leffler, Shepherd. 
Levin, Lewis C. 
Littlefield. Nathaniel S. 
Mann. Hor.ice. 
Mann, .'ob. 
Marshall, Humphrey. 
Mason, John C. 
Matteson, Orsamus B. 
McClernaud. J. A. 
McDonald, Joseph E. 
McDowell. James. 
McGaughey, Edward W. 
McKissock, Thomas. 
McL.anahan, James. 
McLane, Robert M. 
McLean, Finis E. 
McMullen, Fayette. 
McQueen, John. 
McWillie, William. 
Meachara, James. 
Mead, Richard K. 
Miller, Daniel F.8 
Miller, John K. 
Millson, John S. 
Moore, Henry D 
Moorehead, Charles S. 
Morris, Jonathan D. 
Morrison, George W.9 
Morse, Isaac E. 
Morton, Jeremiah. 
Kelson, William. 
Kes, Henry. 
Kevrall, William A. 
Olds, Edson B. 
Ogle, Andrew A. 



Orr, .Tames L. 
Otis, John. 
Outlaw, David. 
Owen, Allen F. 
Parker, Richard. 
Peaslee, Charles H. 
I'eck, Lucius B. 
Penn, Alexander G. 10 
Phelps. John S. 
Phoenix, J. Phillips. 
Pitman. Charles W. 
Potter. Emory D. 
Powell, Paulus. 
Putnam, Harrv. 
Reed, Robert R. 
Reynolds, Gideon. 
Richardson. William ,\ 
Kisley, Elijah. 
Robhins, John, .Ir. 
Robinson, John L. 
Rockwell, Julius. 
Root, Joseph il. 
Rose, Robert L. 
Ro.ss, Thomas. 
Rumsey, David, Jr. 
.Sackett, William A. 
Sawtelle, Cullen. 
Savage, John H. 
Schenck, Robert C. 
.Schermerhorn, A. M. 
Schoolcraft, John L. 
Seddon, James A. 
Shepperd, Augustine H 
Spaulding, Elridge G. 
Sprague, William, 
Stanley, Edward. 
Stanton, Frederick. 
Stanton, Richard H. 
Stetson, Charles. 
Stephens, A. H. 
Stephens, Thaddens. 
Strong, William. 
Sweetzer, Charles. 
Sylvester, Peter H. 
Taylor, John L. 
Thomas, .Tames H. 
Thompson, Jacob. 
Thompson, James. 
Thompson, John B. 
Thompson, Willi.am. 
Thurman, John R. 
Toombs, Robert. 
Tuck, Amos. 
Underbill, Walter. 
Van Dvke, John. 
Venabie, A. W. 
Vinton, Samuel F. 
Waldo, Loren P. 
Waldin, Hiram. 
Wallace, Daniel. 
Watkins, Albert G. 
Welborn, Marshall J. 
Weutworth, John. 
White, Hugh. 
Whittlesey, William A. 
Wildrich, Isaac. 
Williams, Charles H. 
Wilmot, David. 
Wilson, James. 
Winthrop, Robert C. 
Wood, Amos E. 
Woodward .loseph A. 
Wright, George VV. 
Voung, Timothy R. 



1. Elected in place of Amos E. Wood, dtceased. 

2. Electe<l in place of Chester Butler, deceased. 

3. Elected in place of Charles M. Conr.ad, resigned. 

4. Elected in place of Henry Nes. deceased. 5. 
Elected in place of R. C. Winthrop, appointed Sena- 
tor. 6. Elected in place of Alexander Newman, de- 
ceased. 7. Elected in place of Thomas B. King, 
resigned. 8. Elected in place of Wm. Thompson, 
whose seat was declared vacant. 9. Elected in place 
of James Wilson, resigned. 10. Elected in place of 
J. H. Harmanson, deceased. 

Territorint Ddfffntrs. 
Sililey, Henry H. Thnrston, Samuel R. 

THE THIRTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 

Senators. 

IVitlinm K. King. I'ice-Premilent. 



Adams. Stephen. 1 
Atchison, David R. 
Badger, George E. 
Bayard, James A. 
Bell, John. 

Berrian, J McPherson. 
Borland, Solon. 
Bradbury, .Tames W. 
Bright, .Tesse D. 
Brodhead, Richard. 
Brooks, Walter.2 
Butler, Andrew P. 
Cass, Lewis. 
Cathcart, Ch.arles W.3 
Charlton, Robert M.4 
Chase, Salmon P. 
Clarke. John H. 
Clay, Henry. 
Clemens, Jeremiah. 
Cooper, James. 
Davis, John. 
Dawson, William C. 
DeSaussnre, William F.fi 
Dixon, Archibald. 5 
Dodge, -Augustus C. 
Dodge Henry. 
Douglass, Stephen A. 
Downs, Solomon W. 
Felch, .\lpheu3. 
Fi.sh, Hamilton. 
Fitzpatrick, Benjamin. 7 
Foot, Henry S. 
Foot, Solomon. 
Geyer, Henry S. 
Gwinn, William M. 
Hale, .Tohn P. 



Hamlin, Hannibal. 
Houston, .Samuel. 
Hunter, R. M. T. 
James, Charles T. 
.Tones, George W. 
.loners, .Tames C. 
King, William R. 
Mallorv. ."Stephen R. 
Mangum, Willie P. 
Ma.son. .Tames M. 
McRne. John 1.8. 
Meriwether, David. 9 
Miller, .Tacob W. 
Morton. .Tackson. 
Norris, Moses. 
Pearce, James A. 
Petit. John. 10 
Phelps, Samuel S.ll 
Pratt, Thomas G. 
Rbett, R. B. 
Rusk, Thomas J. 
Selmstian, William K. 
Seward, William H. 
Shields, James. 
Smith, Tmman. 
Soule, Pierre. 
Spruance, Pre.sley. 
Stockton, Robert T. 
Sumner, Charles. 
Toucey, Isaac. 
Underwood, Joseph R. 
Upham, William. 
Wade, Benjamin. 
Walker, Isaac P. 
Weller, John B. 
Whitcomb, James. 



1. Elected in place of Jefl'erson Davis, resigned. 
2. Elected in place of H. S. Foot, resigned. 3. Ap- 
pointed in place of James Whitcomb, deceased. 
4. Appointed in place of J. McBerrian, resigned. 5. 
Elected in place of Henry Clay, deceased. 6. Elected 
in place of R. B. Rhett, resigned. 7. Appointed 
in place of W. R. King, resigned, 
in place of .Jefferson Davis, resigned. 
in place of Henry Clay, deceased, 
place of .Tames Whitcomb, deceased. 
in place of William Upham. deceased. 

Repkkskxtativ ics. 

F.utn Hoyd, Spcul,n\ 



8. Appointed 

9. Appointed 
10. Elected in 

1 1 . .Appointed 



Ahercrombie, .lames. 
Aiken. William. 
Allen, Chnrles. 
Allen, WilUs. 
Allison. John. 
Andrews, Charles. 
Appleton, John. 



Appleton, William. 
Averett, Thiiuias H. 
Ashe, William S. 
I'.abcock, Leander. 
Uailey, Da\-id, Jr. 
P.arrere, Nelson. 
liartlett, Thomas, Jr. 



liT 



TABULAR KECORDS. 



Bayly, Thomas H. 
Beale, J. M. H 
Bell, Hii;im. 
Bennett, Henry. 
Bibiglians, Thoiiuis M. 
Bissell, William H. 
Bocock, Thomas S. 
Bowie, Ricliard C. 
Bowne, Obediah. 
Boyd, John H. 
Bragg, John. 
Breckenridge, John C. 
Erenton. Samuel. 
Briggs, George. 
BrooIvS, James. 
Brown, Albert U. 
Brown, George H. 
Buell, Alexander H. 
Burrows, Lorenzo. 
Burt, Armisteail. 
Busby, George H. 
Cabeil, K. Carrington. 
Cable, Joseph. 
Caldwell, .Joseph B. 
Campbell, Lewis I). 
Campbell, Thouipson. 
Carter, David K. 
Caskie, Jolin S. 
Chandler, .loseph R. 
Chapman, Charles. 
Chastain, Elijah W. 
Churchwell, William M 
Clark, Lincoln. 
Clemmeus, Sherrard. 1 
Clin-iman, Thomas L. 
Clevi-land, Chaunc.-cy T. 
Cobb, W. R. W. 
Colcock, William F. 
Conger, James L. 
Cottman, Joseph S. 
Cullom, William. 
Curtis, Carleton B. 
Daniel, J. R. 
Darby, John F. 
Davis, George T. 
Davis, John G. 
Dawson, John L. 
Dean, Gilbert. 
Dimmick. Milo M. 
Disney, David T. 
Dockery, Alfred. 
Doty, .fames D. 
Duncan, James H. 
Dunham, Cyrus L. 
Durkee, Charles. 
Eastman, Bi-njamin C. 
Edgerton, All'rcd P. 
Edmundson, Henry F. 
Evans, Ale.\ander. 
Ewing, Presley. 
Faulkner, Charles J. 
Fay, Francis B.2 
Ficklin, Orlando B. 
Fitch, Graham N. 
Florence, Tliomas B. 
Floyd, John G. 
Fowler, Orrin. 
Freeman, John D. 
Fuller, Henry M. 
Fuller. T. J. D. 
Gamble, James. 
Gaylord, James .\L 
Gentry, Meredith P. 
Giddings. Jo.shua R. 
Gilniore, Alfred. 



Goodenow, Rulicrt. 
Goodrich, John Z. 
Gorman, Willis A. 
Grey, Benjamin E. 
Greene, Frederick W. 
Grow, Galusha A. 
Hall, Willard P. 
Hamilton, William D. 
Hammond, Edward. 
Haren, Solomon G. 
Harper, Alexander. 
Harris, Ishani ('•. 
Harris, Samjisoii W. 
Hart, Emanuel B. 
Hascall, Augustus P. 
Hawes, J. H. H. 
Hebard, William. 
Hendricks, Thomas A. 
Henn, Bernhart. 
Hibbard, Harry. 
Hillyer, Junius. 
Holladay, Alexander. 
Horseford, .Tedediah. 
Houston, Geoj'gc S. 
Howard, Volney E. 
Howe, John W. 
Howe, Thomas M. 
Howe, Thomas Y.. Ir. 
Hunter, William F. 
Ingersoll, Colin M. 
Ives. Willard. 
Jackson, Joseph W. 
Jenkins, Timothy. 
Johnson, Andrew. 
Johnson, James. 
Johnson, John. 
Johnson, Robert W. 
Jones, Daniel T. 
Jones, George W. 
Jones, J. Glancey. 
King, George C. 
King, Preston. 
Kulms, .Joseph H. 
Kurtz, William H. 
Landry, .T. Aristide. 
Letcher, John. 
Little. Edward P.3 
[^iickhart, James. 
Mace, Daniel, 
ilann, Horace. 
Marshall, Edward C. 
Marshall, Humplirey. 
ULartin, Fred. S. 
Mas(m, John C. 
McCorkle, Josopli W. 
McDonald, Mo,ses. 
McLanahan, James X. 
McMullen, Fayett«. 
JIcNair, John. 
McQueen, John. 
Jleacham, .Tames. 
Mead, Ricliard K. 
Miller, John Ci. 
Millson, John S. 
Miner, Ahiman L. 
Moloney, Richaid. 
Moore, Henry D. 
Moore, John, 
ilorehead, James T. 
Morrison, John A. 
Murphy, Charli's. 
Murray, W^illiani. 
Nabers, Benjamin T>. 
Newton, Ebcn. 
Olds, Ed.-ion B. 



Stanton, Benjamin. 
Stanton, Frederick P. 
Stanton, Richard H. 
Stephens, Abraham P. 
Stephens, A. H. 
Stevens, Thaddeus. 
St. Martin, Louis. 
Stone, James W. 
Stratton, Nathan. 
Strother, James F. 
Stuart, Charles E. 
Sutherland, Josiah. 
Sweetzer, Charles. 
Taylor, John L. 
Thompson, Benjamin. 
Thompson, George W. 
Thurston, Benjamin B. 
Toombs, Robert. 
Townshend, Norton S. 
Tuck, Amos. 
Venable, Abraham W. 
Walbridge, Henry S. 
Wallace, Daniel. 
Walsh, Thomas Y. 
Ward, William T. 
Washburn. Israel, Jr. 
Watkins, Albert G. 
Welch, John. 
Wells, John. 
White, Addison. 
White, Alexander. 
Wilcox, John A. 
Wildrick, Isaac. 
Williams, C. H. 
Woodward. Joseph A. 
Yates, Richard. 



Orr, James L. 
Outlaw, David. 
Parker. Andrew. 
Parker, Samuel W. 
Peaslee, Charles H. 
Penn, Alexander G. 
Peuuiman, Ebenezer.J. 
Perkins, Jared. 
Phelps. John S. 
Polk, Willi.im H. 
Porter, Gilchrist. 
Powell, Paulus. 
Preston, William. 4 
Price, Rodman M. 
Rantonl, Robert. Jr. 
Reed, Isaac. 5 
Richardson, William. 
Robbins, .John, Jr 
Robie, Reuben 
Robinson, John L. 
Ross, Thomas. 
Russell, .Joseph. 
Sabine, Lorenzo. 6 
Sackett, AVilliara A. 
Savage, John H. 
Schermerhorn, A. M. 
Schoolcraft, John L. 
Schoonmaeker, Marias. 
Scudder, Zeno. 
Scurry, Richardson. 
Seymour, David L. 
Seymour, Origen S. 
Skelton, Charles. 
Smart, Ephraim K. 
Smith, William R. 
Snow, William W. 
Stanley, Edward. 

1. Elected in place of G. W. Thompson, resigned. 

2. Elected in place of Robert Rantoul, Jr., deceased. 

3. Elected in place of Orrin Fowler, deceased. 

4. Elected in place of Humphrey Marshall,. resigned. 

5. Elected in place of Charles Andrews, deceased. 

6. Elected in place of Benjamin Thompson, deceased. 

Terriloriid Delegates. 
Bernhisel, John M. Sibley, Henry H. 

Lane, Joseph. Wightman, Richard F. 

THE THIRTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 



Senators. 



William B. 
Adams. Stephen. 
Allen, Philip. 
Atchison, David R. 
Atherton, Chtirles G. 
Badger, Geroge E. 
Bayard, James A. 
Bell, John. 
Benjamin, Judah P. 
Brainard, Lawrence.2 
Bright, Jesse D. 
Brodhead, Richard. 
Brown, Albert G. 
Butler, Andrew P. 
Cass, Lewis. 
Chase, Salmon P. 
Clay, Clement C, Jr. 
Clayton. John M. 
Cooper, James. 
Dawson, William C. 
Dixon, Archibald. 
Dodge, Augustus C. 
Dodge, Henry. 
Douglass. Stephen A. 
Evans, .Josiah J. 



King, Vice- Prcsi'lent.X 
Everett, Edward. 
Fessenden, William P. 
Fish, Hamilton. 
Fitzpatrick, Benjamin. 3 
Foot, Solomon. 
Foster, La Fayette. 
Geyer, Henry S. 
Gillett, Francis.4 
Gwinn, William M. 
Hamlin, HannibaL 
Houston, Samuel. 
Hunter, R. M. T. 
James, Charles T. 
Johnson, Robert W.5 
Jones, .Tames C. 
Mallorv, Stephen B. 
Mason, .lames M. 
Morton, Jackson. 
Norris, iloses. 
Pearce, James A. 
Pettit, John. 
Phelps, Samuel S.6 
Pratt. Thomas G. 
Reid, David S. 



T A B li L A K K K C O K D S . 



It 



Rockwell, Jnlius.7 
Kusk, Thomas .1, 
Sebastian, William K. 
Seward, William II. 
Shields, .James. 
Slidell, ,lohn.8 
Smith, 'I'rumau. 
Stuart, Charles K. 
Sumiiov, Charles. 
Thompson, John P.. 



Thompson, .Tohn R. 
Toombs, Robert. 
Toucey, Isaac. 
Wade, Benjamin. 
Walker, Isaac P. 
Weller, John B. 
Wells, John S.9 
Williams, Jared W.IO 
Wilson, Henry. 11 
Wrifi;ht, William. 



1. W. R. Kin;;. Vice-President, died April l"- 
1833. 2. Elected iti place ol' William I phani, de 
ceaeed. 3. Elected iu place olW. R. King, resigned 

4. Elected iu place »!' Tntm.in Smith, resigned 

5. Elected in place of Solon Borland, resigned, fi 
Appointed in place ol' William Upham, deceased 

7. Appointe.d in place ol Edward Everett, deceased 

8. Klected In place of I'ierre Soule, resigned. 9 
Appointed in place of Moses Norris, deceased. 10 
Appointed in place of C. G. Atherton, deceased 
11. Elected in place of Edward Everett, resigned. 

KKfUKSENTATIVKS. 
Linn Hnyd, Speuker. 
Abercrombie, James. Dean, Gilbert. 

Aiken, William. Dent, W, B. W. 

Allen, James C. De Witt, Alexander. 

Allen, Willis. Dick, John. 

Appleton, William. Dickinson, Edward. 

Ashe, William S. Disney, David T. 

Bailey, Da^id .1. Dowdell, James F. 

Ball, Edward. Drum, Augustus. 

Banks, Nathaniel P. Dunbar, William. 

Barksdale, William. Dunham, Cyrus L. 

Barry. William S. Eastman, Benjamin C. 

Bayley, Thomas H. Eddy, Norman. 

Belcher, Nathan. Edgerton, Alfred P. 

Bell, Peter H. Edmondson, Henry A. 

Bennett, Henry. Edmunds, J. Wiley. 

Benson, Samuel P. Eliot, Thomas D. 3 

Benton. Thomas H. Elliott, John M. 

Bissell. William H. Ellison, Andrew. 

Bliss, George. English, William H. 

Bocock, Thaddeus S. Etheridge, Emerson. 

Boyce, William W. Everhart, William. 

Breckenridge, John C. Ewing. Presley. 

Bridges. Samuel A. Farley, E. Wilder. 

Bristow, Francis M.l Faulkner, Charles J. 

Brooks, Preston S. Fenton, Reuben E. 

Bugg, Robert M. Flagler, Thomas T. 

Campbell, Lewis D. Florence, Thomas B. 

Carpenter, David.'i Franklin, John R. 

Caruthers, Samuel. Fuller. T. .1. D. 

Oaskie, .lohn S. Gamble, James. 

Chamberlain, Ebeuezer M.Giddings, Joshua E. 

Chandler, Joseph R. Goode, William O. 

Chase, George W. Goodrich, John Z. 

Chastain, Elijah W. Goodwin, Henry C.4. 

Chrisman, James S. Green. Frederick W. 

Churchwell, William Jl. Greenwood, Alfred B. 

Clark, Samuel. Grey, Benjamin E. 

Clingman, Thomas L. Grow, Galusha A. 

Cobb, W. R. W. Hamilton, William T.' 

Colquitt, Alfred H. Harlan, Aaron. 

Cook, John P. Harlan. Andrew .1 

Corwin, Moses B. Harris, Sampson W. 

Cox, Leander M. Harris, Wilson P. 

C'raige, Burton. Harrison, .John S. 

Crocker, Samuel M Hastings, George. 

CuUom, William. Haven, Sohmon G. 

Gumming, Thomas W. Hendricks, Thomas A. 

Curtis, Carlton B. Henn, Bernhart. 

Cutting, Frauois B. Hibbard, Harry. 

Davis, John G. Heister, Isaac E. 

Davis, Thomas. Hill, Clement S. 

Dawson, John L. Hillyer. Junius. 



Houston, George .S. 
Howe, I'homas M. 
Hughes, Charles. 
Hunt, Theodore G. 
IngersoU, Colin M. 
Johnson, Harvey H. 
Jones, Daniel T. 
Jones, George W. 
.Tones, J. Glancey.5 
.Tones, Roland. 
ICerr, John. 
Keitt, L. M. 
Kidwell, Zedekiah. 
Kittredge, George W. 
Knox, .lames. 
Kurtz, WiUiam H. 
Lamb, Alfred W. 
Lane, James H. 
Latham, Milton S. 
Letcher, John. 
Lewis, Charles S.6 
TJlley, Samuel. 
Liudley, James J. 
Liudsley, William D. 
Lyon, Caleb. 
\lace, Daniel. 
Macy, .John B. 
Matteson, Orasmus B. 
Maurice, James. 
Maxwell, Augustus E. 
May, Henry. 
Mayhall, Samuel. 
McCullough, John. 
McDonald, Mo.ses. 
McDougal, James A. 
McMullen, Fayette. 
McNair, John. 
McQueen, John. 
Meacham, James. 
Middleswarth, Ner. 
Miller. John G. 
MUler, Smith. 
Millson, .Tohn S. 
Morgan, Edwin B. 
Morrison, George W. 
Muhlenberg, Henry A. 
Murray, William. 
Nichols, Matthias H. 
Noble, David A. 
Norton, Jesse O. 
Olds, Edson B. 
Oliver, Andrew. 
Oliver, .Mordecai. 
Orr, James L. 
Packer, Asa. 
Parker, Samuel W. 
Peck, Jared V. 
Peckham, Rnfus W. 
Pennington, -\. C. M. 
Perkins, Bishop. 
Perkins, John, Jr. 
Phelps, John S. 
Phillips, Philip. 
Powell, Paulus. 
Pratt. .Tames T. 
Preston, William. 
Pringle, Benjamin. 



Ready, Charles. 
Reese, David A. 
Kiddle, George R. 
Richard.son, WiUiam 
Pistchey, Thomas. 
Kitchie, David. 
Robbins, .lohn, Jr. 
Rogers, Sion H. 
Rowe, Peter. 
Euffin, Thomas. 
Enssell, Samuel L. 
Sabin, Alvah. 
Sage, Russell. 
Sapp, William R. 
Scudder, Zeno. 
Seward, James L. 
Seymour, Origen S. 
Shannon, Wilson. 
Shaw, Henry H. 
Shower, Jacob. 
Simmons, George A. 
Singleton, Otho R. 
Skeiton, Charles. 
Smith, Gerritt. 
Smith, Samuel A. 
Smith, William. 
Smith, William R.' 
Smyth, George W. 
Snodgrass, .lohn F. 
SoUers, A. R. 
Stanton, Frederick P. 
Stanton, Richard S. 
Stephens, A. H. 
Stevens, Hestor L. 
Stratton, Nathan D. 
Straub, Christian M. 
Stuart, Andrew. 
Stnart, David. 
Taylor, John J. 
Taylor, .Tohn L. 
Taylor, Nathaniel G.7 
Teller, Isaac. 8 
Thurston, Benjamin B. 
Tracy, Andrew. 
Trout, Michael C. 
Tweed, William M. 
Upham, Charles W. 
Vail, George. 
Vansant, Joshua. 
Waile, Edward. 
Walbridge, Hiram. 
Walker, William A. 
Waller, Samuel H. 
Walsh, Michael. 
Warren, Edward A. 
Washburn, Elihn B. 
Washburn, Israel, .Jr. 
Wells, Daniel, Jr. 
W^entworth. John. 
Wentwortb, Tappaii. 
Westbrook, Theodorick B. 
Wheeler, John. 
Wittee, William H. 
Wright, Daniel B. 
Wright, Hendrick B. 
Tates, Richard. 
ZoUicofl'er, Felix K. 



Puryear, Richard S. 

1. Elected in place of Piesley Ewing, deceased. 
2. Elected in place of A. Boody, resigned. 3. Elected 
in place of Zeno Scudder, resigned. 4. Elected in 
place of Gerritt Smith resigned. 5. Elected in place 
of 11. A. Muhlenberg, decc;ised. 6. Elected in placo 
of J. F. Snodgrass, deceased. 7. Elected in place of 
Brookins Campbell, deceased, who never took hi* 



Ivi 



TABULAR KECOKDS. 



seat. 8. Elected in place of Gilbert Dean, re- 
signed. 

Tcrriloriiil Deler/ates. 
Bernhisel, John M. Lane, Josepb. 

Gallegos, Jose M. Rice. Henry M. 

Lancaster, Columbia. Whitfield, J. W. 

THE THIRTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 



Senators. 



Jesse D. Briglil and James 
Adams, Steohen. 
Allen, Philfp. 
Bayard, James A. 
Bell, James. 
Bell, John. 
Benjamin, Judah P. 
Briggs, Asa. 
Biglee, William. 
Bright, Jesse D. 
Brodhead, Richard. 
Brown, Albert G. 
Butler, Andrew P. 
Cass, Lewis. 
Clay, Clement C, Jr. 
Clayton, John M. 
Collamer, Jacob. 
Comeggs, Joseph P.l 
Crittenden, John J. 
Dodge, Henry. 
Douglass. .Stephen A. 
Durkee, Charles. 
Evans, Josiah ,T. 
Fessenden, Wm. P. 
Fish, Hamilton. 
Fitch, Graham. 
Fitzpatrick, lienjamin. 
Foot, Solomon. 
Foster, Lafayette. 
Geyer, Henry S. 
Green, James S.2 
Gwin, William M. 
Hale, John P. 



J/. 3/WsoH, Pre^'ildt'iiis pm ft t. 
Hamlin, Hannibal. 
Harlan, James. 
Houston, Samuel. 
Hunter, R. M. T. 
Iverson, Alfred. 
James, Charles T. 
Johnson, Robert D. 
Jones, George W. 
Jones, James C. 
Mallory, Stephen R. 
Mason, James M. 
Nourse, Amos. 3 
Pearce, James A. 
Pratt, Thomas G. 
Pugh, George E. 
Reid, David S. 
Rusk, Thomas J. 
Seb;vstian, William K. 
Seward, William H. 
Slidell, John. 
Stuart, Charles C. 
Sumner, Charles. 
Thompson, John B. 
Thompson, John R. 
Toombs, Robert. 
Toucey, Isaac. 
TrumijuU, Lyman. 
Wade, Benjamin F. 
Weller, John B. 
Wilson, Henry. 
Wright, William. 
Yulee, David L. 



I. Appointed in place of ,lohn M. Clayton, de- 
ceused. 2. Elected in place of .lohn G. .Miller, 
deceased. 3. Appointed in place of Hannibal Ham- 
lin, resigned. 

Representatives. 



NaUuiitirl r 
Albright, Charles .1 
Allen, James G. 
Allison, John. 
.\iken, Willi.am. 
Akers, Thomas P.l 
Ball, Edward. 
Barbour, Lucien. 
Barclay, David. 
Barksdale. William 
Baylev, Thomas H. 
Beil, P. H. 
Bennett, Hendly S. 
Bennett, Henry. 
Benson, Samuel P. 
Billinghurst, Charles. 
Bingham, John A. 
Bishop. Jame.s. 
Bliss, Philemon. 
Boeock, Thomas S. 
Bowie, Thomas F. 
Boyce, William W. 
Branch, Lawrence O'B. 
Brenton, Samuel. 
Brodhead, Samuel C 
Brooks, Preston 3. 



Bankn, Spnikrr. 
Broom .Tacob. 
Buliington, James. 
B irlingame, Anson. 
Burnett, Henry C. 
Cadwalader, John. 
Campbell, James If 
Campbell, .lohn P. 
Campbell, Lewis D. 
Carlile, John S. 
Caruthers, Samuel. 
Caskee, John S. 
Chaftee, Calvin C. 
Childs, Thomas, .Tr.^ 
Clark, Bayard. 
Clark, Ezra, Jr. 
Clawson, Isaiah D. 
Clingman, Thomas L. 
Cobb, Howell. 
Cobb, W. R. W. 
Colta.x, Schu.vler. 
Comins, Linus H. 
Covode, John. 
Cox, Leand(>r M. 
Cragie. Burton 
Cragiu, Aaron l{. 



Crawford, Martin J. 

Cullen. Elisha D. 

Cumback, William. 

Damrell, William S. 

David.son. Tlinma.s:;. 

D.avis, H. Winter. 

Davis, Jacob C.3 

Davis, Timotliv. 

Day, Timothy "C. 

Dean, Sidney. 

Denver, James W. 

DeWitt, Alexander. 

Dick, John. 

Dickson. .Samnel. 

Dodd, Edward. 

Dovvell, James F. 

Dunn, George G. 

Durfee, Nathaniel B. 

Edie, .John R. 

Edmundson, Henry A. 

Edwards Francis F. 

Elliott, John M. 

Emrie, .lonas R. 

English, William H. 

Etheridge, Emerson. 

Eustis, George W. 

Evans, Lemuel D. 

Faulkner, (. harles J. 

Flagler, Thomas T. 

Florence. Thomas B. 

Foster, Nathaniel G. 

Fuller, Henry M. 

Fuller, Thomas J. D. 

Gallowav, Samuel. 

Garnett.'M. R. H.4 

Giddings, .Joshua R. 

Gilbert. William A. 

Goode, William O. 

Granger, .\mos P. 

Greenwood, Alfred B. 

Grow, Galusha A. 

Hall, Augustus. 

Hall, Robert B. 

Harlan, Aaron. 

Hanis, J. Morrison. 

Harris. Sampson W. 

Harris, Thomas L. 

Harrison. .lohn S. 

Haven, Solomon G. 

Herbert, Philemon T. 

Hickman, John. 

Hodges, George T.5 

Hoffman, Henry W. 

HoUoway, David P. 

Horton, Thom.os B. 

Hortou. Valentine B. 

Houston, (ieorge S. 

Howard, William A. 

Hugheston, Jonas A. 

.lewett, Joshua H. 
Jones, George W. 
I .Jones. J. Glancey. 
i Keitt, L. M. 
j Kelly, John. 

Kelsey, William H. 

Kennett, Luther M. 

Kidwell. Zedekiah. 

King, Rufus H. 

Knapp, Chauncey L. 
Knight, Jonathan. 
Knowlton, Ebenezer. 
Knox, James. 
Kunkle. .John 0. 
Lake, William .v. 
Leiter, Benjamin F. 



Letcher, John. 
Lindley. James R. 
Lumpkin, John H. 
Mace, Daniel. 
Marshall, Alexander K. 
Marshall, Humphrey. 
Marshall, S. S. 
Mattison, Orsamns B. 
Maxwell, Augustus E. 
MeCarty, Andrew Z. 
McMullen, Fayette. 
McQueen, .John. 
Jleacham. James. 
Miller, John G. 
Miller, Killian. 
Miller, .Smith. 
Millson, John S. 
Millward, William 
Moore, Oscar F. 
Morgan, Edward B. 
Morrill, Justin F. 
Morrison, J. L. 1).6 
Mott, Richard. 
Murray, Ambrose S. 
Nichol, Mathias H. 
Norton, Jesse O. 
Oliver, Andrew. 
Oliver, Mordecai. 
Orr, James L. 
Packer. Asa. 
Paine, Robert T. 
Parker, .John M. 
Pearce, John J. 
Peck, George W. 
Pelton, Guy R. 
Pennington, \. C. M. 
Perrv, .John ,1. 
Pettit. John U. 
Phelps, John S. 
Pike, James. 
Porter, Gilchrist. 
Powell, Paul us. 
Pringle, Benjamin. 
Purviance. .Samuel A. 
Puryear, Richard E. 
Quitman, John A. 
Reade, Edwin G. 
Readv. Charles. 
Ricand. James B. 
Richardson. William A. 
Ritchie. David. 
Rivers, Thomas. 
Robbins, George R. 
Roberts, Anthony E. 
Robin.sou. David F. 
Rviffin, Thomas. 
Rush, .Albert. 
Sabin, Alvah. 
Sage. Russell. 
Sandridge. John M. 
Sapp. William R. 
Savage, .John H. 
Scott, Harvey D. 
Seward, James L. 
Sherman. John. 
Shorter, Eli S. 
Simmons, George A. 
Smith, .Sanmel A. 
Smith, William. 
Smith, William R. 
Sneed, Willi^mi H 
Spinner, Francis E. 
Stanton, Benjamin. 
Stephens, Alexander H. 
Stewart, .Jame.s A. 



TABULAE RECORDS. 



Ivii 



Stranalian, J. S. T. 


Warner, Hiram. 


1. Elected in place 


of John M. Clavton, deceased. 


Swope, Saranel F. 


Washburn, C. C. 


2. Elected in place of Josiah J. Evans, deceased. 


Talbot, All)ert G. 


Washburn, Elihu B. 


3. Elected in place 


of James Bell, deceased. 4. 


Tappan, Mason W. 


Wa,shburn, Israel, Jr. 


Elected in place of . 


Vsa Briggs, resigned. 5. Ap- 


Taylor, Miles. 


Watkins, A. G. 


pointed in place of Josiah J. Evans, deceased. 6. 


Thorniugton, .Tamps. 


Watson. Cooper K. 


Elected in place of 


Thomas J. Rusk, deceased. 


Thurston, Benjamin B. 


Welch, William W. 


7. Appointed in jilaoe 


of J. P. Henderson, deceased. 


Todd. Lemuel. 
Trafton, Mark. 


Wells, Daniel, Jr. 
Wheeler, John. 


REI'IIBSENTATIV es 


Trippe, Robert P. 


Whitney, Thom.TS R. 


James L. Orr, Spinmr. 


Tyson. Robert R. 


Williams, John. 


Ablxitt, Nehemiah. 


Dawes, Henry L. 


TJndorwood, Warren L. 


Winslow, Warren. 


Adrain, Garrett B. 


Dean, Sidney. 


Vail, (ieorge. 


Wood. John M. 


Ahl, John A. 


Dewart, William L. 


Valk, William W. 


WoodrutV, .Tohn. 


Anderson, Thomas L. 


Dick, John. 


W'ade, Edward. 


Wdodworth, James H. 


.\ndrews, Samuel G. 


Dimmick, William H. 


Wakeman, Abram. 


Wright, Daniel B. 


.•Vrnold, SamueL 


Dodd. Edward. 


Walbridge, David S. 


Wright, John V. 


Atkins, John D. C. 


Dowdell, James P. 


Waldron, Henry. 


ZoUicofier, Feli.x K. 


Avery, William T. 


Durlee, Nathaniel B. 


Walker. Percy. 




Banks. Nallianiel P. 


Edie, .Tohn R. 


1. Elected in place of John G. Miller, deceased. 


Bark.sdale, William. 


Edmundsun, Henry A. 


2. Never took his seat 


on account of illness. 3. 


Barr, Thomas G.I 


Elliott, John M. 


Elected in place of W. 


A. Riehardson. resigned. 


Bennett, Henry. 


English, William H. 


4. Elected in place of Thomas H. Bayley, deceased. 


Billiughurst, Charles. 


Eustis. George. Jr. 


5. Elected in place of James Meachan. deceased. 


Bingham, John A. 


Farnsworth, .lohn F. 


6. Elected in place of 


Lyman Trumbull, elected 


Bishop, William D. 


Faulkner, Charles J. 


Senatror. 




Blair, Francis P., Jr. 


Fenton, Reuben E. 


Territorial Delegates. 


Bliss, Philemon. 
Bocock, Tliomas S. 


Florence, Thomas B. 
Foley, .lames B. 
Foster, Stephen C. 
Ganiett, M. R. H. 


Anderson, J. Patton. 


Otero, Miguel A.l 


Bonham. .\lilledge L. 


Bernhisel, .Tohn M. 


Rice, Henry M. 


Bowie, Tliimias i' 


Chapman, Bird C. 


Whltefield, John W. 


Boyce, William W. 


Gartrell. Lucius J. 


Lane. Joseph. 




Branch, Lawrence O'B. Giddings, Joshua R. 


1. Snccessfully contested the election of Jose M 


Brayton, William H. 


GUles, .James M. 


Gallegas. 




Bryan. Guy M. 


Gilman, Charles J. 






BufRngtoii, James. 


Gilmer, John A. 


THE THIRTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 


Burlinganie, Ansnn. 


Gooch, Daniel W.2 


Senators. 


Burnett. Henry C. 


Goode, William O. 






Burns, Joseph. 


Goodwin, Henry 0. 
(iranger, Amos P. 


John C. Breckcnridge, Vice-Presnhnl. 


Burroughs. Silas M. 


Allen. Philip. 


Henderson, J. Pinekney.li 


Campbell, Lewis I). 


Greenwood, Alfred B. 


Bates. Martin W.l 


Houston, Samuel. 


Caruthers, Samuel. 


Gregg, James M. 


Bayard, James A. 


Hunter, R. M. T. 


Case, Charles. 


Grossbeck, William S. 


Bell, John. 


Iverson, Alfred. 


Caskie, John S. 


Grover, Lafayette. 


Benjamin, Jndah 1'. 


Johnson, Andrew. 


Cavanaugh, James M. 


( Irow, Galusha A. 


Briggs, Asa. 


John.son, Robert W. 


Chaffee, Calvin C. 


Hall, Lawrence W, 


Bigler, William. 


Jones, (ieorge W. 


Chapman, Henry. 


Hall, Robert B. 


Bright, Jesse 1). 


Kennedy, Anthony. 


Clark, Ezra. 


Harlan, Aaron. 


Broderick, Da^ id C. 


King, Preston. 


Clark, Horace F. 


Harris. .T. Morrison. 


Bro^vn, Albert G. 


Lane, Joseph. 


Clark, John B. 


Harris, Thomas L. 


Cameron, Simon. 


Mallory, Stephen R. 


Clawson. Isaiah D. 


Ha.skin, John B, 


Chandler, Zachariah. 


Mason, James M. 


Clay, James B. 


Hatch, Israel T. 


Chestnut, James, Jr.'2 


Pearce, .Tames A. 


Clemens, Sherrard. 


Hawkins, Cieorge S. 


Clark. Daniel. 3 


Polk, Trnsten. 


Clingman, Thomas L. 


Hi-jkiiian, John. 


Clay. Clement f., .Tr. 


Pugh, George E. 


Cobb, W. R. W. 


Hill, .loshua. 


Clingman, Thomas 1. 4 


Keid, David S. 


Cochrane, Clark B. 


Hoard, Charles B. 


Col lamer, Jacob. 


Rice, Uenry M. 


Cochrane, .lohn. 


Hodges, Charles D.3 


Crittenden, John J. 


Rusk, Thom.as .1. 


Cockerill, Joseph Iv. 


Hopkins, George W. 


Davis, Jeil'erson. 


Sebastian, Williani K 


Colfax, .Schuyler. 


Hortou, Valentine B. 


Dixon, James. 


Seward, William H. 


Comins, Linus B. 


Houston, George S. 


Doolittle, James R. 


Shields, James. 


Corning, Erastus. 


Jackson. James. 


D(mgla.ss, Stephen A. 


Simmons, .Tames F. 


Covode, John. 


Jenkins, ,\lbert G. 


Durkee. Charles. 


Slidell, John. 


Cox, Samuel .S. 


Jewett, Joshua H. 


Evans, .losiah .1. 


Smith, Delazon. 


Cragie, Burton. 


Jones, George W. 


Fessenden, William P. 


Stuart, Charles E. 


Cragin, Aaron H. 


Jones, J. Glancey. 


Fitch, Graham N. 


Snmner, Charles. 


Craig, James. 


Jones, Owen. 


Fitzpatrick, lienjamin. 


Thomson, John R. 


Crawford, Martin J. 


Keim, William H.4 


Foot. Solomon. 


Thompson, John B. 


Curry, J. L. M. 


Keitt, L. M. 


Foster, Lafayette S. 


Toombs, liobert. 


Curtis, Samuel R. 


Kellogg, William. 


Green, James .S. 


Trumbull, Lyman. 


Damrell, William S. 


Kelly, John. 


Gwin, William M. 


Wade. Benjamin F. 


U.avidson, Thomas G. 


Kelsey, William H. 


Hale. John P. 


Ward, Matthi;is,7 


Davis, H. Winter. 


Kilgore, David. 


Hamlin. Hannibal. 


Wil.-ion, Henry. 


Davis, ,Tohn G. 


Knapp. Chauncey L. 


Hammond, James H. 


Wright, William. 


Davis, Reuben. 


Knnkle, Jacob M. 


Harlan. James. 


Yulee, David L. 


DavLs. Timothy. 


Kunkle, John C. 


Hayne, .\rthur P. 5 




Davis, Timothy. 


Lamar, L. Q. C. 



Iviii 



TABULAK RECORDS. 



Landy, James. 
Liawrence, William. 
Leach, DeWitt C. 
Leidy, Paul. 
Leiter, Benjamin F. 
Letcher, John. 
Lovejoy, Uwen. 
Macliiy, William B. 
Marshall, Humphrey. 
Marshall, James S. 
Ma-son, John C. 
Matteson, Orsamus B. 
Maynard, Horace. 
McKibben, .loseph C. 
McKea, John J. 5 
McQueen, John. 
Miles, WilUam P. 
Miller, Jo.seph. 
Millson, John S. 
Montgomery, William. 
Moore, Sydenham. 
Morgan, Edwin B. 
Morrill, Justin S. 
Morris, Edward Joy. 
Morris, Isaac N. 
Morse, Freeman H. 
Mor.se, Oliver A. 
Mott, Richard. 
Murray, Ambrose S. 
Neblack, William E. 
Nichols, Matthias H. 
Clin, Abram B. 
Palmer, George W. 
Parker, John M. 
Pendleton, George H. 
Pettit, John N. 
Peyton, Samuel 0. 
Phelps, John S. 
Phelps, William W. 
Phillips, Henry M. 
Pike, James. 
Potter, John F. 
Pottle, Emory B. 
Powell, Paulus. 
Quitman, John A. 
Ready, Charles. 
Reagan, John H. 
Reilly, Wilson. 
Ricand, James B. 
Ritchie, David. 
Robbins, George R. 
Roberts, Anthony E. 
Royce, Homer E. 
RuEBn. Thomas. 



Sandidge, John M. 
Savage, John U. 
Scales, Alfred M. 
Scott, Charles L. 
Searing, John A. 
Seward, James L. 
Shaw, Aaron 
Shaw, Henr\ .M. 
Sherman John. 
Sherman. .Tudson W. 
Shorter, Eli S. 
Sickles, Daniel E. 
Singleton, Otlio R. 
Smith, Robert. 
Smith, Samuel A. 
Smith, William. 
Spinner, Fran.is E. 
Stallworth, James A. 
Stanton, Benjamin. 
Stephens, A. H. 
Stevenson, John W. 
Stewart, James A. 
Stewart, William. 
Talbot, .\lbert U. 
Tappan. Mason W. 
Taylor, George. 
Taylor, Miles. 
Thayer, Eli. 
Thompson, John. 
Tompkins. C. B. 
Tripp, Robert P. 
Underwood, Warren L. 
Vallaudingham, C. L.6 
Vance, Zebulon B.7 
Wade. Edward. 
Walbridge, David S. 
Waldron, Henry. 
Walton, E. P. 
Ward, Elijah. 
Warren, Edward A. 
Washburn. C. ('. 
Washburn, Elihu B. 
Washburn, Israel, Ji, 
Watkins, Albert G. 
White, Allison. 
Wliiteley, William G. 
W^ilson, James. 
Winslow, Warren. * 
Wood, John il. 
Woodson, Samuel H. 
Wortendyke, Jacob R. 
Wright, Augustus R. 
Wright, .John V. 
ZoUicoffer. Felix K. 



Russell, William P. 

1. Elected in place of John Kelly, resigned. ■^* 
Elected in place of Nathaniel 1'. Banks, resigned 

3. Elected in iilace of Thomas 11. Harris, ileceased 

4. Elected in place of J. Glaucey Jones, resigned. 

5. Elected in place of .lohn A. Quitman, deceased 

6. Successfully contested the election of L. D. Camp- 
bell. 7. Elected in place of Thomas L. Clingman 
elected Senator. 

Territori'i! DeUijnlcs. 
Bernhisel, John M. Otero, Miguel .\. 

Ferguson, Fenner. Parrott, Marcus, Jr. 

Kingsbury, William W. Stevens, Isaac, Jr. 
Lane, Josei)li. 

THE THIRTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 
Sen.vtoks. 

John C. Breckenrid(/e, Vicc-Presichtil. 
Anthony. Henry B. Bayard, James .-V. 

Baker, Edwanl D. Benjamin, Judah I'. 



Bigler, William. 
Bingham, Kinsley S. 
Bragg, Thomas. 
Bright, .Jesse D. 
Broderick, David C. 
Brown, Albert G. 
Cameron, Simon. 
Chandler, Zachariah. 
Chestnut, James. 
Clark. Daniel. 
Clay, Clement C, Jr. 
Clingman, Thomas L. 
Collamcr, Jacob. 
Crittenden, .lohn J. 
Davis, Jeflerson. 
Dixon, James. 
Doolittle, .lames R. 
Douglass, Ste]ihen A. 
Durkee, Charles. 
Fessenden, William F. 
Fitch, Graham N. 
Fitzpatrick, Benjamin. 
Foot, Solomon. 
Foster, La l*'ayette. 
Green, .James S. 
Grimes, James W. 
Gwinn, William M. 
Hall, John P. 
Hamlin, Hannibal. 
Hammond, James H. 
Harlan, .Tames. 
Haun, Henry P.l 
Hemphill, John. 



Hunter, R. M. T. 
Iverson, Alfred. 
Johnson, Andrew. 
Johnson, Robert W. 
Kennedy, Anthony. 
King, Freston. 
Lane, .Joseph. 
Latham, Milton S.2 
Mallory, Stephen R. 
Mason, James M. 
Morrill, Lot M.Ii 
Nicholson, A. O. P. 
Pearce, James A. 
Polk, Trusten. 
Powell, Lazarus W. 
Pugh, George E. 
Rice, Henry M. 
Saulsbury, Willard. 
Seba.stian. William K. 
Seward, William H. 
Simmons, James F. 
Slidell, John. 
Sumner, Charles. 
Ten Eyck, John C. 
Thomson, John E. 
Toombs, Robert. 
Trumbull, Lyman. 
Wade, Benjamin F. 
Ward, Matthias. 4 
Wigfall, Louis T.5 
Wilkinson, Morton S. 
Wilson. Henry. 
Yulee, David L. 



\. Appointed in place of D. C. Broderick, deceased. 
2. Elected in place of D. C. Broderick, deceased. 
:i. Elected in place of Hannibal JIamlin, resigned. 

4. Appointed in jjlace of J. P. Henderson, deceased, 

5. Elected in place of .1. P. Henderson, dece.ised. 

j; ICPRESENT.4.TIVES. 



William Pen 
Adams, Charles F. 
.•Vdams, Cireen. 
.Adrain, Garnett B. 
.Vldrich, Cyrus. 
.\llen, William. 
.\llen, John B. 
.\nderson, Thomas L. 
.\nderson, William. 
.\shley, James M. 
Ashmore, John D. 
Vverv, William T. 
Babbitt, Elijali. 
Barksdale, William. 
Barr, Thomas J. 
Barrett, James R.l 
Beal, Charles L. 
Bingham, .lohn A. 
Blake, Harrison G. 
lllair, Francis P. 2 
Blair, Samuel S. 
ISocock, Thomas S. 
Bonham, Milledge L. 
iioteler, Alexander R. 
Boulign.y, John E. 
Boyce, William AV. 
Brabson, Reese B. 
Branch, Lawrence O'B. 
Brayton, William D. 
Briggs, George. 
Bristow, Francis M. 
Brown, John Y. 
BuflBngton. James, 
Burcb, .John C. 
Burlingame, Anson. 



niiiijton, Speaker. 
Burnett, Henry 0. 
Eurnham, Alfred .\. 
Burroughs, Sil.as M. 
Bnttertield, Martin. 
Campbell, James H. 
Carey, John. 
Carter, Lnther C. 
Ca.se, Charles. 
Clark, Horace F. 
Clark, John B. 
Clemens, Sherrard. 
Clopton, David. 
Cobb, W. R. W. 
Coburn, Stephen. 3 
Cochrane, Clark B. 
Cochrane. .John. 
Coll'ax, Schuyler. 
Conkling, lio.scoe. 
Cooper, George B. 
Corwin, Thomas. 
Covode, John. 
Cox, S. S. 
Cragie, Burton. 
Craig, James. 
Crawford, Martin J. 
Curry, J. 1 . M. 
Curtis, Samuel R. 
Davidson. Thomab GL 
Davis, H Winter. 
Davis, .lolm G. 
Davis, h'eaben. 
Dawes, Henry L. 
De Jaruette. 'D. C. 
Delano, (luirles. 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



lix 



Bimmick, William H 
DucU, K. Holland. 
Dnnn, William M. 
'Edgerton, Sidney. 
Edmondson, Henry A 
Edwards, Thomas M 
Eliot, Thomas D. 
Ely, Alfred. 
Englisli, William H. 
Etheridge, Emerson. 
Farnsworth, John F. 
Fenton, Reuben E. 
Ferry, Orris P. 
Florence, Tiiomas P.. 
Foster, Stephen 0. 
Fouks, Philip B. 
Frank, Augustus. 
French, Ezra E. 
Garnett, M. R. H. 
Gartrcll, Lucius J. 
Gilmer, John A. 
Gooch, Daniel W. 
Graham, .lames H. 
Grow, Galusha A. 
Gurley, John A. 
Hale, James T. 
Hall, Chapin. 
Hamilton, Andrew J. 
Hardeman, Thomas, Jr. 
Harris, John T. 
Harris, J. Morrison. 
Haskin, Jolm B. 
Hatton, Robert. 
Hawkins, George S. 
Helmick, William. 
Hickman, John. 
Hill, Joshua. 
Hindman, Thomas C. 
Hoard, Charles B. 
Holman, William S. 
Houston, George S. 
Howard, William. 
Howard, William A A 
Hughes, George W. 
Humphrey, James. 
Hutchins, .Tohn. 
Irvine, William. 
Jackson, James. 
Jenkins, Albert G. 
Jones, John J. 
Junkin. Benjamin F. 
Keitt, L. M. 
Kellogg, Francis W. 
Kellogg, William. 
Kenyou, William S. 
Kilgore, David. 
Killinger, John W. 
Kunkle, Jacob M. 
Lamar, L. Q. C. 
Landrum, John M. 
Larrabee. Charles H. 
Leach, De Witt C. 
Leach, James M. 
Leake, Shelton F. 
Lee, M. Lindley. 
Logan, John A. 
Longnecker, Henry C. 
Loomis, Dwig'.it. 
Love, Peter B. 
JLflvegood, Owin. 
Maclay, William B. 
Ma,Uory, Robert. 
Martin, Charles D. 
ilartin, Elbert S. 
Warston, Gilman. 



Maynard, llouice. 
McClernand, John .\ 
McKean, .lames B. 
McKenty, .Jacob K.r> 
McK night, Robert. 
Mcl'herson, Edward. 
McQui-en. .Tohn. 
McRae, John J. 
Miles, William V 
Millson. John S. 
Millward, William. 
Montgomery, William. 
Moore, Laban F. 
Moore, Sydenham 
Moorliead, James K. 
Morrill, Justin rf. 
Morris, Edward J. 
Morris, Isaac N. 
Morse, Freeman H. 
Nelson, T. A. R. 
Niblack. William E. 
Nixon, John T. 
Noell, John W. 
Olin, Abram B. 
Palmer, George W. 
Pendleton, George H. 
Perry, John J. 
Pett'it, John U. 
Peyton, Samuel O. 
Phelps, John S. 
Porter, Albert G. 
Potter, John F. 
Pottle, Emory B. 
Pryor, Roger A. 6 
Pugh. James L. 
Quarles, .lames M. 
Reagan, John H. 
Reynolds, Edwin R. 
Reynolds, John II. 
Rice, Ale.\ander H. 
Riggs, Jetur R. 
Robinson, Christojilier. 
Robinson, James C. 
Royce, Homer E. 
Ruffin, Thomas. 
Rirst, Albert. 
Schwartz. John. 
Scott, Charles L. 
Scranton, George W. 
Sedgewick, Charles B. 
Sherman, John. 
Sickles, Daniel E.T 
Simms, William E. 
Singleton, Otho It. 
Smith, William. 
Smith, William X It. 
Somes. Daniel E. 
Spaulding, Elbridf, G 
Spinner, I>ancis E. 
StiiUworth, .lames .\. 
Stanton, Ben.jamin. 
Stevens, Tluuldeus. 
Stevenson, .lohn W. 
Stewart, James \. 
Stewart, William. 
Stokes, William B. 
Stout, Lansing. 
Stratton. .1. L. N. 
Taylor, Miles. 
Tappan, Mason W. 
Thayer, Eli. 
Theaker. Thomas C. 
Thonuis, James H. 
Tompkins, C. B. 
Train, Charles R. 



Washburn, Israel, Jr. 
Webster. Edward H. 

Wells, Alfred. 
Whiteley, William G. 
Wilson, .lames. 
Windom, William. 
Winslow, Warren. 
Wood, John. 
Woodruff, John. 
Wood.son, Samuel H. 
Wright, John V. 



Trimble, Carey A. 
Underwood, John \V. H. 
Vance, Zebulon B. 
Vandever, William. 
Vallandigham. C. L. 
Van Wyck, Charles II. 
Verree, John P. 
Wade, Edward. 
Waldron, Henry. 
Walton, Ezekiel P. 
Wa.shburn. C. C. 
Washburne, Elihu B. 

1 Successfully contested the election ol .T. R. Bar- 
rett 2. Elected in place of F. P Blair, resigned. 
3 Elected in place of I. Washburn, Jr.. resigned. I. 
Succe^fuUv contested theelectionofGeorge 11 Cooper. 

5 Elected "in place of John Schwartz, deceased. 

6 Elected in place of WUliam O. (loode, deceased. 
7.' Elected in place of S. M. Burroughs, deceased. 

TcrriloriaJ Delegates. 
Dailev, Samuel G Parrott, Marcus J. 

Hooper, William H. Stevens, Isaac I. 

Otero, Miguel A. 

THE THIRTY-SEVENTH CONGKICSS. 

Sknatoes. 

'Eannibal IbnnUn, Vice-President. 



Johnson, Waldo I' 
Kennedy, Anthony. 
King, Preston. 
Lane. Henr.y S. 
Lane, James H. 
Latham, Milton S. 
.MeDougall, James A. 
.Morrill, LotM. 
Nesmit/v-James W. 
Pearce. James A. 
Polk, Trusten. 
Pomeioy, Samuel C. 
Powell, Lazarus W. 
Rice, Ilenry M. 
Richardson, Henry .\.10 
Saulsbury, Willa'd. 
Sherman, John. 11 
Simmons, James F. 
Stark, Benjamin. li! 
Sumner, Charles. 
Ten Eyck. John C. 
Thomson, John K. 
Trumbull, Lyman. 
Turpee, David. 13 
Wade, Benjamin F. 
Wall, James W.14 
Wilkinson, Morton S. 
Willey, Waitman F.15 
Wilmot, David. 16 
Wilson, Henry. 
Wilson, Robert. 17 
Wright, Joseih A. 18 



Anthony, Henry B. 
Arnold, Samuel G.l 
Baker, Edward D 
Bayard, James A. 
Bingham, Kinsley S. 
Breckenridge. John C'. 
Bright, Jesse D. 
Browning, Orville H.'i 
Cameron, Simon. 
Carlile, John S. 3 
Chandler, Zachariah. 
Chase, Salmon P. 
Clarke, Daniel. 
Col lamer, Jacob. 
Cowan, Edgar. 
Davis, Garrett. 4 
Di.xon, James. 
Doolittle, James R. 
Douglas. Stephen A. 
Fessenden, William P. 
Field, Richard F.5 
Foot, Solomon. 
Foster, Layfayette S. 
Grimes, James W. 
Hale, John P. 
Harding, Benjamin F. 6 
Harlan, James. 
Harris, Ira. 
Henderson, John B.7 
Hicks, Thomas H.8 
Howard, Jacob M.M 
Howe, Timothy O. 
Johnson, Andrew. 

1. Elected in place of J. F. Simmons, resigned. 

Appointed in place of S. A. Douglas, deceased. 

Elected in place of R. M. T. Hunter, withdrawn. 

Elected in place of .Tohn C. Breckenridge, expel led. 

Appointed in place of J. R. Thomson, deceased. 
,,. Elected in place of E. D. Baker, deceased 7. 
Elected in place of Trusten Polk. exi)elled. 8. Ap- 
pointed in place ol James A. Pearce, de<:eased. 9. 
Elected in place of Kinsley S. Bingham, decea.sed. 

10. Elected in place of Stephen A. Douglas, deceased. 

11. Elected in place of Salmon P. Chase, resigned. 

12. .\piioiuted in place of E. D. Baker, deceased. 
13 Elected in place of Jesse D. Bright, expelled. 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



14. Elected in place of J. R. Thomson, deceased. 

15. Elected in place of J. M. Mason, withdrawn. 

16. Elected in place of S. Cameron, resigned. 17. 
Appointed in place of W. P. Johnson, expelled. 
18. Appointed in place of .Jesse D. Bright, expelled. 

RKPBE.SENTATIVES. 
Galusha A. Grmv, Speaker. 



Aldrich, Cyrus. 
Allen, William. 
Allen, William J.l 
Alley, John B. 
Ancona, Sydenham E. 
Appleton, William. 
Arnold, Isaac N. 
Ashley, James M. 
Babbitt, Elijah. 
Bailey, Goldsmith F. 
Baily, Joseph. 
Baker, Stephen. 
Baxter, Portus. 
Beaman, Ferdinand C. 
Biddle, Charles J.2 
Bingham, John .-V. 
Blair, Francis P. 
Blair, Jacob B.3 
Blair, Samuel S. 
Blake, Harrison 6. 
Bridges. (!eorge W. 
Brown, William G. 
Browne, George H. 
Bnffington, James. 
Burnett, Henry C. 
Bnmham, Alfred A. 
Calvert, Charles B. 
Campbell, .Tames H. 
Carlile, John S. 
Casey, Samuel L.4 
Chamberlain, J. P. 
Clark, Ambrose M. 
Clements, Andrew J. 
Cobb, George T. 
Coltax, Schuyler. 
Conkling, Fred A. 
Conkling, Roscoe. 
Conway. Martin F. 
Cooper, Thomas B. 
Corning, Erastus. 
Covode. John. 
Cox, Samuel S. 
Cravens, .Tames A. 
Crisfield, John W. 
Crittenden, John J. 
Curtis, Samuel K. 
Cutter, William P. 
Davis, William M. 
Dawes, Henry L. 
Delano, Charles. 
Delaplaine, Isaac C. 
Diven, Alexander S. 
Duel, R. Holland. 
Dunlap, George W. 
Dunn, W. McKee. 
Edgerton, Sidney. 
Edwards, Thomas M. 
Eliot, Thomas D. 
Ely, Alfred. 
English, James E. 
Fentori, Reuben E. 
Fessenden, Samuel C. 
Fessenden, T. A. D.5 
Fisher, (ieorge P. 
Flanders, Benjamin F. 
Fouke, Philip B. 
Franchot, Richard. 



Frank, Augustus. 
Gooch, Uauiel W. 
Goodwin, John N. 
Granger, Bradley F. 
Grider, Henry. 
Gurley, John A. 
Hahn, Michael. 
Haight, Edward. 
Hale, .Tames T. 
Hall, Willi.am A.6 
Hanchett, Luther. 
Harding, Aaron. 
Harrison, Richard A. 
Hickman, ,Tohn. 
Holman, William F. 
Hooper, Samuel.7 
Horton, Valentine B. 
Hutchins, John. 
Jack.son, James S. 
John.son, Philip. 
Julien, George W. 
Kellogg, Francis W. 
Kellogg. William. 
Kelly, William D. 
Kerrigan, James E. 
Killinger, John W. 
Knapp, Anthony L.8 
Lansing. William E. 
Law, John. 
Lazear, Jesse. 
Leary, C. L. L. 
Lehman, William E. 
Logan, John A. 
Loomis, Dwight. 
Lovejoy, Owen. 
Low, Frederick F. 
Mallory, Robert. 
Marston, Oilman. 
May, Henry. 
Mavnard, Horace. 
McClernand, John A. 
Mclndoe, Walter D.9 
McKean, James B. 
McKnight, Robert. 
McPherson, Edward. 
Meiizies, John W. 
Mitchell, William. 
Moorhead, James K. 
Morrill, Anson. 
Morrill, Justin S. 
Morris, James R. 
Nixon, ,Tohn F. 
Noble, Warren P. 
Noell, John W. 
Norton, Elijah H. 
Nugen. Robert H. 
Odell, :\[u>,-s F. 
Olin, Abraham B. 
Patton, John. 
Pendleton, George H. 
Perry, Nchemiah. 
Phelps, John S. 
Phelps, I'imothy G. 
Pike, Frederick A. 
Pomeroy, Theodore M. 
Porter, Albert G. 
Potter, John F. 



Price, Thomas L.IO 

Reid, John W. 

Rice, Alexander H. 

Rice, Joseph H. 

Richardson, William A. 

IJiddle, Albert G. 

Robinson. .Tames C. 

Rollins, Edward H. 

Rollins, James S. 
Sargeant, Aaron A. 
Sedgwick, Charles B. 
.Segar, Joseph E. 
Shanks. J. P. C. 
Sheffield. William P. 
Sheil, George K. 
Shellabarger, Samuel. 
Sherman, S. N. 
Sloan, A. Scott. 
Smith, Edward H. 
Spaulding, Elbridge G. 
Steele, ,Iohn B. 
Steele, William G. 
Stevens, Thaddens. 
Stiles, John D.ll 
Stratton, John L. N. 
Thomas, B. F. 
Thomas, Francis. 
Train. Charles R. 
Trimble, Carey A. 
Trowbridge, Roland E. 
1. Elected in place 



Upton, Charles H. 
Vallandingham, C. C. 
Vandever, William. 
Van Horn, Burt. 
VanValkenburgh,Robt. B. 
Van Wyck, Charles H. 
Verree, John P. 
Vibbard, Chauncey. 
Voorhees, Daniel W. 
Wadsworth, William H. 
Walker, .\ma.sa. 12 
Wall, William. 
Wallace, John W. 
Walton, Charles W. 
Walton. Ezekiel P. 
Ward, Elias. 
Washburne, Elihu B. 
Webster, Edwin H. 
Whaley, Killian V. 
Wheeler, William A. 
White, Albert S. 
Wliite, Chilton A. 
Wicklifife, Charles A. 
Wilson, James F.13 
Windom, William. 
Wood, Benjamin. 
Woodruff, George C. 
Worcester, Samuel P. 
Wright, Hendrick B. 
Yeaman, (icorge H.14 
of John A. Logan, resigned. 



"2. Elected in place of E. J. Morris, resigned. 3. 
Elected in place of J. S. Carlile, resigned. 4. Elected 
in place of H. C. Burnett, expelled. 5. Elected 
in place of C. W. Walton, resigned. 6. Elected in 
plaee of J. B. Clark, expelled. 7. Elected in place 
of William .\ppleton, resigned. 8. Elected in place 
of John \. McClernand, resigned. 9. Elected in 
place of L. Hanchett, deceased. 10. Elected in 
place of .T. W. Reid, expelled. 11. Elected in place 
of T. B. Cooper, deceased. 12. Elected in place of 
G. F. Bailey, deceased. 13. Elected in place of 
Samnel R. Curtis, resigned. 14. Elected in place of 
.T. .S. Jackson, deceased. 

Terrilorial Delegates. 

j Bennett, Hiram P. Todd, John B. S. 

I Bernhisel, John M. Wallace, William H. 

I Cradlebangh, John. Watts, John S. 

I Daily, Samuel G. 

THE THIRTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 

Senators. 

Hannihn! Hamlin, Vice-President. 



Anthony, Henry B. 
Bayard, James X. 
Bowden, Lemuel J. 
Brown, B. Gratz.l 
Buckalew, Charles R. 
Carlile. .Tohn S. 
Chandler, Zachariah. 
Clark, Daniel. 
Collamer, Jacob. 
Conness, John. 
Cowan, Edgar. 
Davis, Garrett. 
Dixon, .Tames. 
Doolittle, .Tames R. 
Farwell, Nathan A. 2 
Fessenden, William P. 
Foot, Solomon, 
p^oster, r>a Fayette S. 
Grimes, James W. 
Hale, John P. 
Harding, Benjamin F. 



Harlan. James. 
Harris, Ira. 
Henderson, .Tohn B. 
Hendricks, Thomas A. 
Hicks. Thomas H. 
Howard, Jacob M. 
Howe, Timothy O. 
John.son, Reverdy. 
Lane, Henry S. 
Lane, James H. 
McDougall, .Tames A. 
Morgan, Edward D. 
Morrill, Lot M. 
Nesmith, James W. 
Nye, James W. 
Pomeroy, Samuel 0. 
Powell, Lazarus W. 
Ramsey, Alexander. 
Riddle, George R.3 
Richardson, William A 
Sanlsbury, William. 



TABULAE KECOKDS. 



Ixi 



Wade, Benjamin F. 
Wilkinson, Morton ^ 
Willey, Waitman T. 
Wilson. Henry. 
Wilson, Kobert.4 
Wright, William. 



Sherman, John. 
Spragne, William. 
Stewart, William M. 
Sumner, Charles. 
Ten Eyck, John C. 
Trumbull, Lyman. 
Van Winkle, I'eter. 

1. Elected in place of W. P. Johnson, expelled 

2. Appointed in place of W. P. Fessenden, resigned- 

3. Elected in place of James A. l!ayard, resigned. 
Appointed in place of W. P. .Tohnson, expelled. 

Representatives. 



Schuyler 
Allen, James C. 
Allen, William J. 
Alley, John H. 
Allison, William B. 
Ames, Oakes. 
Ancona, Sydenham E. 
Anderson, Lucien. 
Arnold, Isaa<- N. 
Ashley, James M. 
Baily, Joseph. 
Baldwin, Augustus C. 
Baldwin, John D. 
Ba.xter, Port as. 
Beaman, Fernando C. 
Blair, F. P. 
Blair, .Jacob B. 
Blaine, James G. 
Bliss, George. 
Blow, H. T. 
Boutwell, George S. 
Boyd, S. H. 
Brandegee, Augustus. 
Bromall, John M. 
Brooks, James. 
Brown, James S. 
Brown, William G. 
Chandler, John W. 
Clark, Ambrose W. 
Clark, Freeman. 
Clay, Brutus J. 
Cobb, Amasa. 
Coffroth, Alexander H. 
Cole, Cornelius. 
Cox, 8. S. 
Cravens, James A. 
Cresswell, .lohn A. J. 
Davis, H. Winter. 
Davis, Thomas T. 
Dawes, Henry L. 
Dawson, ,Iohn L. 
Deming, Henry C. 
Deiiison, Charles. 
Dison, Nalhan F. 
D .nnelly. Ignatius. 
Driggs, .John F. 
Dnmont, Ebenezer. 
Eckley, Ephraim R. 
Eden, John R. 
Edgerton, Joseph K. 
Elbridge, Charles A. 
Eliot, Thomas D. 
English, James E. 
Farnsworth, John F. 
Fenton, Reuben E. 
Finck, William E. 
Frank, Augustus. 
Garlield, .lames A. 
Ganson, .John. 
Gooch, D; niel W. 
Gridar, Henry. 
Grinnell. .losiah B. 



Colfax, Speaker. 

Griswold, John A. 

Hale, James T. 

Hall, William A. 

Harding, Aaron. 

Harrington, Henry W. 

Harris, Benjamin G. 

HaiTis, Charles M. 

Herrick, Anson. 

Higby, William. 

Holman, William S. 

Hooper, Samuel. 

Hotchkiss, Giles W. 

Hubbard, Asahel W. 

Hubbard. John H. 

Hulburd, Calvin T. 

Hutchius, Wells A. 

Ingersoll, Ebon C.l 

Jencks, Thomas A. 

Johnson, Philip. 

Johnson, William. 

Julien, George W. 

Kasson, John A. 

Kalbfleisch, Martin. 

Kellogg, Francis W. 

Kellogg, Orlando. 

Kelly, William D. 

Kernan, Francis. 

King, Austin A. 

Knapp, Anthony L. 
. Knox, Samuel. 2 

Law, John. 

Lazear, .lesse. 

Le Blond, Francis C. 

Littlejohn, De Witt C. 

Loan, Benjamin. 

Long, Alexander. 

Longyear, John W. 

Lovejoy, Owen. 

Mallory, Robert. 

Marcy, Daniel. 

Marvin, James M. 

McAllister, Archibald. 

McBride, John B. 

McClurg, Joseph W. 

McDowell, James F. 

Mclndoe, Walter C. 

McKinney, .lohn F. 

Middleton, George. 

Miller, Samuel I'. 

Miller, William H. 

Moorhead, .lames K. 

Morrill, Justin S. 

Morris, Daniel. 

Morris, .James R. 

Morrison, William E. 

Myers, Amos. 

Myers, Leonard. 

Nelson, Homer A. 

Noble, Warren P. 

Norton, .Jesse O. 

Odell, Moses F. 



O'Neill, Charles. 

O'.Neill, John. 

Orth, Godlove S. 

Patterson, James W. 

Pendleton, George H 

Perham, Sidney. 

Perry, Nehemiah. 

Pike, Frederick A. 

Pomeroy, Theodore M. 

Price, Hiram. 

Prnyn, John V. L. 

Radford, William. 

Randall, Samuel .1. 

Randall, William H. 

Rice, Alexander H. 

Rice, John H. 

Robinson. .Tames. 
**0i!;ers. .Vndrew .J. 
Rollins, Edward H. 
Rollins, James S. 
Ross, Lewis W. 
Schenck, Robert C. 
Scofield, Glenni W. 
.Scott, .lolin W. 
Shannon. Thomas B. 
Sloan, Ithamar C. 
Smith, Green C. 
Smithers, Nathan B. 
Spaulding, Ruins P. 
Starr. .John F. 
■Stebliins, Henry (i. 
Steele, John B. 



Steele, William G. 
Stevens, Thaddeus. 
Stiles, John D. 
Strouse, Myer. 
Stuart, John T. 
Sweat, L. D. M. 
Thayer, M. Russell. 
Thomas, Francis. 
Townsend, Dwight. 3 
Tracy, Henry W. 
Upson, Charles. 
Van Valkenburgh, R. B. 
Voorhees, Daniel W'. 
Wadsworth, William H. 
Ward, Elijah. 
Wasliburu, William B. 
Washburne, Elihu B. 
Webster, Edwin H. 
Whaley, Killian V. 
Wheeler. Ezra. 
White, Chilton A. 
White, .Joseph W. 
Wilder, A. Carter. 
Williams, Thomas. 
Wilson, James F. 
Windom, William. 
Wintield, Charles H. 
Wood, Benjamin. 
Wood, Fernando. 
Woodbridge, Fred. E. 
Wortliington, Henry G. 



Yeaman, George H. 

1. Elected in place of Owen Lovejoy, deceased. 

2. Succfssfully contested the election of F. P. Blair. 

Jr. 3. Elected in place of H. G. Stebbins, resigned. 

Territorial Delegates. 
Bennett, H. P. Mott, Gordon N. 

Cole, George E. Perea, Francisco. 

Daily, Samuel G. Poston, Charles D. 

Jayne, William. Todd, J. B. S.l 

Kenney, .lohn F. Wallace, W^illiam H. 

-McLean. Samuel. 

1. Successfully contested the election of William 
Jayne. 

THE THIRTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 

Senatoks. 
Andrew Johnson, Viee-Presiiient.l 



Anthony, Henry B. 
Brown, B. Gratz. 
Buckalew, Charles R 
Cattell, Alexander G.2 
Chandler, Zachariah. 
Clark, Daniel. 
Conness, John. 
Cowan, Edgar. 
Cragin, Aaron H. 
Cresswell, J. A. J. 
Davis, Garrett. 
Dixon, James. 
Doolittle, James R. 
Edmunds, George F.3 
Fessenden, W. P. 
I'ogg, George G.-l 
Foot, Solomon. 
Foster, La Fayette S. 
Fowler, Jo.seph S. 
Freiinghuysen, Fred. T.5 
Grimes, James W. 
(Juthrie, .Tames. 
Harlan, .lames. 
Harris, Ira. 
Henderson, John B. 
Hendricks, Thomas A. 



Howard, Jacob M. 
Howe, Timothy O. 
Johnson, Reverdy. 
Kirkwood, Samuel J.6 
Lane, Henry S. 
Lane, James H. 
McUougall, .Tames A. 
Morgan. ICdward D. 
Morrill, Lot M. 
Nesmith, .Tames W. 
Norton, Daniel .s. 
Nye, James W. 
Patterson, David T. 
Poland, Luke P.7 
Pomeroy, Stephen C. 
R,^In3ev', Alexander. 
Riddle. George R. 
Ro-ss. Eduuind G.-S 
Saulsbury, Willard. 
Sherman, John. 
Sprague, William. 
Stewart, William M. 
Stocton, .lohn P. 
Sumner, Charles. 
Trumbull, Lyman. 
Van Winkle, Peter G. 



Ixii 



TABULAR RECUKDS. 



"Wade, Benjamin F. Wilson, Heni-y. 

"Willey, Waitman T. "Wright, William. | 

"Williams, George H. Yates, Richard. ; 

1. Became President on the death of President j 
Lincoln. 2. Elected in place of J. P. Stocton, whose ! 
seat was declared vacant. 3. Elected in place of | 
Solomon Foot, deceased. 4. Appointed in place of j 
Daniel Clark, resigned. 5. Appointed in place of | 
"William "W'right. deceased, li. Elected in place of > 
James Harlan, deceased. 7. Appointed in place ot' 
Jacob CoUamer, deceased. 8. Appointed in place of ! 
James Harlan, resigned. , 

REPRESEXTATn'ES. 

Sdiui/kr Colfax. Speaker. 



Alley, John B. 
Allison, William B. 
Ames, Oalves. 
Ancona, S.ydenham E. 
Anderson, George W. 
Arnell, Samuel N. 
Ashley, Delos B. 
B.iker, Jehu. 
Baldwin, John D. 
Banks, Nathaniel P. 
Barker, Abraham A. 
Baxter, Portus. 
Beaman. Fernando C. 
Benjamin, John F. 
Bergen , Tennis G. 
Bidwell. John. 
Bingham. John A. 
Blaine, James G. 
Blow, Henry T. 
Bout well, George S. 
Boyer, Benjamin M. 
Brandegee, Augustus. 
Brooks, James. 
Broomhall, John M. 
Br.im«ell, H. P. H. 
Bucklands, Ralph P. 
Bundy, Hezekiah S. 
Campbell, William B. 
Chanler. John W. 
Clark, Reader W. 
Clark, Sidney. 

Cobb, Amasa. 
Coffroth, Alexander H. 

Conkling, Roscoe. 

Cooper, Edmund. 

Cook, Burton C. 

CuUom, Shelby M. 

Darling, William A. 

Davis, Thomas F. 

Dawes, Henry L. 

Dawson, John L. 

Defrees, Joseph H. 

Delano, Columbus. 

Deming, Henry C. 

Denison, Charles. 

Dixon, Nathan F. 

Dodge, William E.l 

Donnelly, Ignatius. 

Driggs, John F. 

Dumont, Ebenezer. 

Eckley, Ephraim R. 

Eggleston, Benjamin. 

Eldridge, Charles A. 

Eliot, Thomas D. 

Farnsworth, John F. 

Farquhar, John H. 

Ferry, Thomas W. 

Finck, William E. 

Gartield, James A. 

Glassbrenner, Adam J. 



Goodyear, Charles. 
Grider, Henry. 
Grinnell. Josiah B. 
Griswold, John A. 
Hale. Roberts. 
Harding, Aaron. 
Harding, Abner C. 
Harris, Benjamin G. 
Hart. Boswell. 
Hawkins, Isaac R. 
Hayes, Rutlierford B. 
Henderson, J. H. D. 
Hill, Ralph. 
Hise, Elijah.2 
Hogan, John. 
Holmes, Sidney. 
Hooper, Samuel. 
Hotchkiss, Giles W. 
Hubbard, Asahel W. 
Hubbard, Chester D. 
Hubbard, Demas J. 
Hubbard, Warner L. 
HubbeU, Ed^vin L. 
Hubbell, James R. 
Hulburd, Calvin T. 
Humphrey, James. 
Humphrey, James M. 
Hunter, John W.3 
Ingersoll, Ebon C. 
Jenckes, Thomas A. 
Johnson, Philip. 
Jones, Morgan. 
.Tnlien, George "W. 
Kasson, John A. 
Kelly. William D. 
Kelso, John R. 
Kerr, Michael C. 
Ketcbam, John H. 
Koontz, William H.4 
Kuykendall, Andrew J. 
Laliin, Addison H. 
Latham. George R. 
Lawrence, George V. 
Lawrence, William. 
Le Blond, Francis C. 
Leftwitch, John W. 
Loan, Benjamin F. 
Longyear, John W. 
Lynch, John. 
Marshall, Samuel 3. 
Maiston, Oilman. 
Marvin, James M. 
Maynard, Horace. 
MeClurg, Joseph W, 
McCullough, Hiram. 
Molndoe, Walter D. 
McKee, Samuel. 
McRucr, Donald 0. 
Mercur, Ulysses. 
MUIer, George F. 



iloorhead, James K. 

Morrill, .Justin S. 
Morris, Daniel. 
Moulton, Samuel S. 
.Myers, Leonard. 
Newell, William A. 
Niblack, William E. 
Nicholson, .lohn A. 
Noell, Thomas E. 
O'Neill, Charles. 
Orth, Godlore S. 
Paine, Halbert E. 
Patterson, James W. 
Perham, Sidney. 
Phelps, Charles E. 
Pike, Fred. A. 
Plants, Tobias A. 
Pomeroy, Theodore M 
Price, Hirara. 
Radlbrd, William. 
Rand.all. Samuel J. 
Randall, William H. 
Raymond, Henry T. 
Rice, Alexander H. 
Rice, John H. 
Ritter, Burwell C. 
Rodgers, Andrew J. 
Rollins, Edward H. 
Ross, Lewis W. 
Rousseau, Lovell H. 
Sawyer, Philetus. 
Schenck, Robert C. 
Scofield, Glenni W. 
Shanklin, George S. 
Shellabarger, Samuel. 
Sitgreaves, Charles. 
Sloan, Ithamar C. 



Smith, Green C. 
Spanlding. Rufus. 
Starr, John F. 
Stevens, Thaddeus. 
Stillwell, Thomas N. 
Stokes, William B. 
Strouse, Myer. 
Taber, Stephen. 
Taylor, Nathaniel J. 
Tavlor, Nelson. 
Thayer, M. Russell. 
Thomas, Francis. 
Thomas, John L. , Jr. 
Thornton, Anthony. 
Trimble, Lawrence S. 
Trowbridge, R. E. 
• Upson, Charles. 
Van Aernam, Henry. 
Tan Horn, Bert. 
Van Horn, Robert T. 
Voorhees, Daniel W. 
Ward, Andrew H.5 
Ward, Hamilton. 
Warner, Samuel L. 
Washburn, Henry D.6 
Washburn, William B. 
Washburne, Elihu B. 
Welker, Martin. 
"SX'entworth. John. 
Wbaley, Killian V. 
Williams, Thomas. 
Wilson, James F. 
Wilson, Stephen F. 
Windom, William. 
Winiield, Charles H. 
Woodbridge, Fred. E. 



Wright, E. R. V. 
1. Successfully contested the election of James 
Brooks. 2. Elected in place of Henry Grider, de- 
ceased. 3. Elected in place of James Humphrey, 
deceased. 4. Successfully contested the election of 
A. H. Cotfroth. 5. Elected in place of Green C. 
Smith, resigned. 6. Successfully contested the elec- 
tion of D. W. Voorhees. 

Territorial Delegates. 



Bradford, Allen A. 
Burleigh, Walter A, 
Chaves, J. Francisco. 
Denny, Arthur. 
Goodwin, John N. 



Hitchcock, Phineaa W. 
Holbrook, E. D. 
Hooper, William H. 
McLean, Samuel. 



THE FORTIETH CONGRESS. 



Senatoes. 



Benjamin F. 
Abbott, Joseph C. 
Anthony, Henry B. 
Ijayard, James A.l 
Buckalew, Charles R. 
Cameron, Simon. 
Cattell, Alexander G. 
Chandler, Zachariah. 
Cole, Cornelius. 
Conkling, Roscoe. 
Conness, John. 
Corbett, Henry W. 
Cragin, Aaron H. 
Davis, Cnirrett. 
Dixon, James. 
Doolittle, James R. 
Drake, Charles D. 
Edmunds, George F. 
Ferry, Orris F. 
Fessenden. W. P. 
Fowler, Joseph S. 



Wade, President pro fem. 
Frelinghuysen, F. T. 
Grimes, Joseph W. 
Guthrie, James. 
Harlan, James. 
Harris, John S. 
Henderson, John B. 
Hendricks, Thomas A. 
Howard, Jacob M. 
Howe, Timothy O. 
Johnson, Reverdy. 
Kellogg, William Pitt. 
McCreery, Thomas C.2 
SIcDonald, Alexander. 
Morgan, Edmn D. 
Morrill, Justin S. 
Morrill, Lot M. 
Morton, Charles P. 
Norton, Daniel S. 
Nye, James W. 
Osborn, Thomas W. 



TABULAR KR CORDS. 



IxUi 



Patterson, David T. 
I';ittersoD, James W. 
Pomeroy, Samuel C. 
Pool, John. 
Rani.sey, Alexander. 
Kice, Benjamin F. 
Kiddle, George R. 
Eohortson, Thomas J. 
Boss, Edmund G. 
Sanlsbnry Willard, 
Sawyer, Frederick A. 
Sherman, John. 
Spencer, George E. 
Sprague, William. 



Sumner, Charles. 
Thayer, .John M. 
Tipton. Thoni.TS W. 
Trumlxiil, Lyman. 
Van Winkle, Peter G. 
Vickers, George. 
Wade, Benjamin F.3 
Warner, Willard. 
Welch, Adonijah S. 
Whyte, W. l*inckney.4 
Willey, Waitman T. 
Williams, George II. 
Wilson, Henry. 
Yates, Richard. 



Stewart, William M. 

1. Appointed in place of G. R. Riddle, deceased. 
2. Elected in ]ilace of James Guthrie, resigned. 3. 
Appointed in place of Reverdy Johnson, resigned. 
4. Elected in place of C. S. Hamilton, deceased. 

REPRESENTAXn'ES. 



Schuyler 
Adams, George M. 
Allison. William B. 
Ames. Oakes. 
Anderson, George W. 
Archer, Stevenson. 
Arnell, Samuel M. 
Ashley, Delos B. 
Ashley, James M. 
Axtell, Samuel B. 
Bailey, Alexander H.l 
Baker. John. 
Baldwin, John D. 
Banks, Nathaniel P. 
Barnes, Demas. 
Barnum, W. H. 
Beaman, Fernando C. 
Beatty, John. 2 
Beck, James B. 
Benjamin, John F. 
Benton, Jacob. 
Bingham, John A. 
Blaine, James G. 
Blair, Austin. 
Blackburn, W. Jasper. 
Boles, Thomas. 
Boutwell, George S. 
Bowen, C. C. 
Boyden, Nathaniel. 
Bover, Benjamin M. 
Bromwell, H. P. H. 
Brooks, James. 
Brooniall, John M. 
Buckland, Ralph P. 
Buckley, Charles W. 
Bnrr, Albert G. 
Butler, Benjamin F. 
Butler, Roderick R. 
Cake, Henrv L. 
Callis, John B. 
Carey, Samuel F.3 
Chanler, John W. 
Churchill, John C. 
Clark, Reader W. 
Clark, Sidney. 
Clift, .Joseph W. 
Cobb, Amasa. 
Cobnm, John. 
Cook, Burton C. 
Corley, Simeon. 
Cornell, Thomas. 
Covode, John: 
Cullom, Shelby M. 
Dawes, Henry L. 



Colfax, Speakn: 

Delano, Columbus. 4 
DenisoD, Charles. 
Dervees, John T. 
Dickey, Oliver J.5 
Dixon, Nathaniel F. 
Dockery, Oliver H. 
Dodge, Greenville M. 
Donnelly, Ignatius. 
Driggs, John T. 
Eeklev, Ephraim R. 
Edwards, W. P. 
Elax, .lacob H. 
Elbridge, Charles A. 
Eggleston, Benjamin. 
Eliot, Thomas D. 
Elliott, James F.6 
Farnsworth, John F. 
Ferris, Orange. 
Ferry, Thomas W. 
Fields, William C. 
Fo.'C, John. 
French, John R. 
Garfield, James A. 
Getz, .1. Lawrence. 
Glossbrenner, Adam J. 
Golladay, Jacob S.7 
Goss, James H. 
Gravely, Josiah J. 
Griswold, John A. 
Grove, Samuel F. 
Grover, Asa P. 

Haight, Charles. 

Halsey, George A. 

Hamilton, Charles M. 
Hamilton, Cornelius S. 

Harding, Abner C. 

Hanghey, Thomas. 

Hawkins, Isaac R. 

Hayes, Rutherford B. 

Ileaton, David. 

Higbv, William. 

Hill, "John. 

Hinds, James. 

Holman, William S. 

Hopkins, Benjamin F. 

Hotchkiss, Julius. 

Hooper, Samuel. 

Hubbard, Asahel W. 

Hubbard, Chester D. 

Hnbbard, Richird D. 

Hulburd, Calvin T. 

Humphrey. .lames M. 

Hunter, Morton C. 



Ingersoll, Ebon C. 
.Tenckes, Thomas X. 
.lohnson, James A. 
.Tones, Alexander H. 
Jones, Thomas L. 
.Tudd, Norman B. 
.lulien, George W. 
Kelly. William D. 
Kellogg, Francis W. 
Kelsey, William H. 
Kerr, Michael C. 
Ketcham, John H. 
Kitchen, Bethuel M. 
Knott, J. Proctor. 
Koontz, William H. 
Laflin, Addison H. 
Lash, Israel G. 
Lawrence, G. V. 
Lawrence, William. 
Lincoln, William S. 
Loan, Benjamin F. 
Logan, John A. 
Loughrldge, William. 
Lynch, John. 
Mallory, Rnfus. 
Mann. .James. 
Marshall. Samuel S. 
Marvin. James M. 
Maynard, Horace. 

McCarthy. Dennis. 

McClurg, Joseph W. 

MeCormick, James R.8 
MoCullough, Hiram. 
McKee, Samuel. 

Mercur. Ulysses. 

Miller, George F. 

Moore, W. 

Moorhead, James K. 

Morgan, George W. 

Morrell, Daniel J. 

Morrissey, John. 

Mullins, James. 

Munger. William. 

.Myers, Leonard. 

Newciimb, Cormen A. 

Newsham, .Joseph P. 

Niblack, William E. 

Nicholson. John A. 

Noell. Thomas E. 

Norris. Benjamin W. 

Nunn, David A. 

O'Neill, Charles. 

Orth. Godlove S. 

Paine, Halbert E. 

Perhara, Sidney. 

Peters. .John A. 

Pettis, Newton S.9 

Phelps. Charles E. 

Pierce, Charles W. 

Pike. Frederick A. 

Pile. Willi.am A. 

Plants, Tobias A. 

Poland? Luke P. 

1. Elected in place of Roscoe Conkling, elected 

Senator. 2. Klected in place of C. S. Hamilton, 

dece.Hsed. 3. Elected in place of Rutherford B. 

Ha.ves, resigned. 4. Succe.^sfully contested the elec- 
tion of George W. Morgan. 5. Elected in place of 

Thaddeus Stephens, deceased. 6. Elected in place 

of James Hinds, deceased. 7. Elected in place of 

Elijah Hill, decea-scd. 8. Elected in placeof Thomas 

E. Noell, decca.sed. 9. Elected in place of Darwin 

Finney, deceased. 10. Elected in place of J. W. 

McClurg, resigned. 11. Elected in place of Charlea 

Denison, deceased. 



I'olsley, Daniel. 
Pomero}', Theodore M. 
Price, Hiram. 
Prince, Charles H. 
Pruyn, J. V. L. 
Randall, Samuel J. 
Kaum, Green B. 
Robertson, William H. 
Robinson, William E. 
Roots, Logan H. 
Ross, Lewis W. 
Sawyer. Philetus. 
Schenck, Robert C. 
Scholield, GlenniW. 
Selye, Lewis. 
Shanks, J. R. C. 
SheJlabarger, SamneL 
Sitgrtaves, Charles. 
Smith, Worthington C. 
Spalding, Rufus P. 
Starkweather, Henry H. 
Stevens, Aaron F. 
Stevens, Thomas. 
Stewart, Thomas E. 
Stokes, William B. 
Stone, Frederick. 
Stover, John H.IO 

Sypher, J. H. 

Taber, Stephen. 

L'affe, John. 
Taylor, Caleb N. 

Thomas, Francis. 
Tift, Nelson. 

Trowbridge, R. E. 

Trimble, Lawrence .S. 

Trimble, .John. 

Twichell, Ginery. 

Upon, Charles. 

Van Aeriiam, Henry. 

Van Aukeu, Daniel M. 

Van Horn, Burt. 

Van Horn. Robert T. 

Van Trump, i'hiladelphia 

V:in Wvck, Charles H. 

Vidal, Michael. 

Ward. Hamilton. 

Washburn. C. C. 

Washburn. Kenry D. 

Washburn, V.Mlliam I!. 

Washburne, EPhu B. 

Welker. Martin. 

Whitteninre. B. F. 

Williams, Thomas. 

Williams, William. 

Wilson, James F. 

Wilson, John T. 

W'ilson, Stephen F." 

Vi'indon, William. 

Wood. Fernando. 

Woodbridge, Fred E. 

Woodward, George W. 11 

Young, P. M. B. 



Ixir 



TABULAK KECOKDS. 



TerriturUiJ Deleyntes. 



Bashford, Coles. 
Burleigh, Walter KT 
Cavanaugh, James M. 
Chilcott, George M. 



Clever, Charles P. 
Flanders, Alvan. 
Holbrook, E. D. 
Hooper, William M. 



THE FORTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 

Senators. 

Schuyler Colfax. Vice-PresUlnil. 



Abbott, Joseph C. 
Ames, Adelbert. 
Anthony. Henry B. 
Bayard," Thomas F.l 
Blair, Francis P., Jr.2 
Boreman, Arthur I. 
Brownlow, William G. 
Buckingham, W. A. 
Cameron, Simon. 
Carpenter, Martin H. 
Casserly, Eugene. 
Cattell, Alexander li. 
Chandler, Zachariah. 
Cole, Cornelius. 
Conkling, Koscoe. 
Corbett, Henry W. 
Cragin. Aaron II 
Davis, Garrett. 
Drake, Charles D. 
Edmunds, George F. 
Fenton. Reuben E. 
Ferry, Orris F. 
Fessenden, William P. 
Flannagan, J. W. 
Fowler, Joseph S. 
Gilbert, Abijah. 
Grimes, James W. 
Hamilton. Morgan C. 
Hamilton, William T.3 
Hamlin, Hannibal. 
Harlan, James. 
Harris, John S. 
Hill, Joshua. 
Howell, James B.4 
Howard, Jacob M. 
Howe, Timothy 0. 
John.ston, .John W. 
Kellogg, William P. 
Lewis, John F. 



McDonald, Alexander. 
Miller, H. V. M. 
Morrill, Justin S. 
Morrill. Lot M.5 
Moitou, Oliver P. 
Norton, Daniel S. 
Nye, James W. 
Osborn, Thomas W. 
Patterson. James W. 
Pomeroy. Samuel C. 
Pool, ,Tohn. 
Pratt, Daniel 1). 
Ramsey, Alexander. 
Revels, Hiram R. 
Rice, Benjamin F. 
Robertson, Thomas J. 
Ross, Edmund G. 
Saulsbury, Willard. 
Sawyer, Frederick A. 
Schurz, Carl. 
Scott, John. 
Sherman John. 
Spencer, George E. 
Sprague. William. 
Stearnes, Ozora P. 6 
Stewart, William M. 
Stockton, John P. 
Sumner, Charles. 
Thayer, John M. 
Thurman, Allen G. 
Tipton, Thomas W. 
Trumbull, Lyman. 
Vickers, George. 
Warner, Willard. 
Willey, Waitman T. 
Williams, George H. 
Wilson, Henry. 
Windom, William.7 
Yates, Richard. 



McCreery, Thomas C. 

1. Elected in place of G. E. Riddle, deceased. 
2. Elected in place of C. D. Drake, resigned. 3. 
Elected in place of Reverdy Johnson, resigned. 
4. Elected in place of J. W. Grimes, resigned. 5. Ap- 
pointed in place of W, P. Fessenden, deceased. 
6. Elected in place of D. S. Norton, deceased. 7. Ap- 
pointed in place of D. S. Norton, decea,sed. 

Rkpresen'tatives. 



JiflltCS G. 

Adams, George M. 
Allison, William B, 
Ambler, Jacob A. 
Ames, Oakes. 
Archer, Stevenson. 
Armstrong, William H, 
Arnell, Samuel M. 
Asper, Joel F. 
Atwood, David. 
Axtell, Samuel B.l 
Ayer, Richard S. 
Bailey, Alexander H. 
Banks, Nathaniel P. 
Barnum, William H. 
Barry, Henry W. 



Bhiine, Speaker. 

lieaman, Fernando C. 
Meatty, John. 
Beck, James B. 
Benjamin, John F. 
Bennett, David S. 
Benton, Jacob. 
Bethune, JIarion. 
Biggs, Benjamin T. 
Bingham, John A. 
Bird, John T. 
Blair, Austin. 
Boles, Thomas. 
Booker, George W. 
Boutwell, George S. 
Bowen, C. C. 



Boyd, Sempronius H. 
Brooks, George M.'2 
Brooks, James. 
Buck, Alfred E. 
Buckley, Charles W. 
Buffington, James. 
Burchard, Horatio C.3 
Burdet, Samuel S. 
Burr, Albert G. 
liutler, Benjamin F. 
P.utler, Roderick R. 
Cake, Henry L. 
Calkins, Henry C. 
Cesna, Jol n. 
Churchill, John C. 
Clark, Sidnev. 
Clark, William T. 
Cleveland, Ore-stes. 
Cobb, Amasa. 
Cobb, Clinton L. 
Coburn, John. 
Conger, Omar D. 
Connor, John C. 
Cook, Burton C. 
Corker, Stephen A. 
Covode, John. 
Cowles, George W. 
Cox, Samuel S. 
Cullom, Shelby M. 
Cubs, John M. 
Darrell, Chester B. 
Davis, Noah. 
Dawes, Henry L. 
Degener, Edward. 
Dewees, John F. 
Dickey, Oliver J. 
Dickenson, Ed. F. 
Dixon, Joseph. 4 
Dixon, Nathaniel F. 
Dockery, Oliver H. 
Douley, Joseph B. 
Dox, Peter M. 
Duke, B. T. W.5 
Duval, Isaac H. 
Dyer, David P. 
Ela, .Tacob H. 
Eldridge. Cliarles A. 
Farnsworth, .Tohn F. 
Ferriss, Orange. 
Ferry, Thomas W. 
Finkelnburg, G. A. 
Fisher, Joliu. 
Fitch, Thomas. 
Fox, John. 
Garfield, James A. 
Getz, Lawrence. 
Gibson, James K. 
Gilfillan, Calvin W, 
Golladay, J. S. 
Cireene, George W. 
Griswold, John A. 
Haight, Charles. 
Haldeman, Richard J. 
Hale, Eugene. 
Hambleton. Samuel. 
Hamill, Patrick. 
Hamilton, Charles W. 
Harris, George E. 
Hawkins, Isaac R. 
Hawley, John B. 
Hay, John B. 
Hays, Charles. 
Heflin, Roberts. 
Heston, David. 
Hill, John. 



Hoar, George F. 
Hong, Truman H. 
Hoge, Solomon L. 
Holmes, Charles H.6 
Holman, William S. 
Hooper, Samuel. 
Hopkins, Benjamin F. 
Hotchkiss, Giles W. 
Ingersoll, Ebon C. 
Jenckes, Thomas A. 
Johnson, James A. 
Jones, Alexander H. 
Jones, Thomas I>. 
Judd, Norman B. 
Julien, George W. 
Kellogg, Stephen W. 
Kellv, William D. 
Kelscy, William H. 
Kerr, Michael C. 
Ketcham, John H. 
Knapp, Charles. 
Knott, J. Proctor. 
Laflin, Addison H. 
Last, Israel G. 
Lawrence, William. 
Lewis, Joseph H.7 
Logan, John A. 
Long, Jefifer.son F. 
Loughridge, William. 
Lynch, John. 
Manning, John, Jr. 
Marshall, Samuel S. 
Mayham, Stephen L. 
Maynnrd, Horace. 
McCarthy, Dennis. 
■ McCormick, James R. 
McCrary, George W. 
McGrew, James C. 
McKee, George C. 
McKenzie, Lewis. 
McNeely, Thompson W. 
Mercur, Ulysses. 
Milnes, William, Jr. 
Moftet, John. 
Moore, Eliakim H. 
Moore, Jesse H. 
Moore, William. 
Morey, Frank. 
Morgan, George W. 
Morphis, Joseph L. 
Morrell, Daniel W. 
Morrill, Samuel 1'. 
Morrissey, John. 
Mungen, William. 
Myers, Leonard. 8 
Negley, James S. 
Newsham, John P.9 
Niblack, William E. 
O'Neii:, Charles. 
Orth, Godlove S. 
Packard, Jasper. 
Packer, John B. 
Paine, Halbert E. 
Paine, William W. 
Palmer, Frank W. 
Peck, Erasmus D.IO 
Perce, Legraud W. 
Peters, John A. 
Phelps, Darwin. 
Piatt, James H. 
Poland, Luke P. 
Pomeroy, Charles. 
Porter, Charles H. 
Potter, Clarkson N. 
Price, William H. 



XABUhAK ItECOUDS. 



IIT 



Prosser, William F. 
Rniney, Jii'-epli H.ll 
Ixandall, Samuel J. 
KeadiDg, John R. 
7{eeTes, Henry A. 
Rice, John M. 
liidgway, Robert. 
Rogers, A. A. C. 
Roots, Logan H. 
Sanford, Stephen. 
Sargeant, Aaron A. 
Sawyer, I'hiletus. 
Schenck, Robert C. 
ScoUeld, Glenui W. 
Schumaker. ,Tolui G. 
Shanks, Jolin l>. C. 
Sheldon, Lionel A. 
Sheldon, Porter. 
Sherrod, William C. 
Shober, Franeis E. 
Sloenm. Henry W. 
Smith, .John A. 
Smith, Joseph S. 
Smith, William J. 
Smith, Worthington C. 
Smyth, William. 
Starkweather, Henry H. 
Stevens, Aaron T. 
Stevenson, Job E. 
Stiles, John D. 
Stokes. William B. 
Stone. Frederick. 
Styughton, William L. 
Strader, Peter W. 
Strickland, Randolph. 
Strong, Julius L. 
Swan, Thomas. 



Syplier, J. Hale. 
Tafl'e, John. 
Tanner, Adolphus II. 
Taylor, Caleb N.V^ 
Tillman, Lewis. 
Townsend, \Vashingl.>n. 
Trimble, Lawrence. 
Twichell, (iinery. 
Tyner, James A. 13 
Upson, William H. 
Van Auken, Daniel M. 
Van Horn, Robert T. 
Van T. ump, Philadelph. 
Van Wyck, Charles H. 
Voorhees, Daniel W. J 
Wallace, Alexander S. 
Ward, Hamilton. 
Wa.shburn, C. C. 
Washburn, William P.. 
Washburne, Elihu B. 
Welker, Martin. 
Wells, Erastus. 
Wheeler, William A. 
Whiteley, Richard II 
Whitmore, George W. 
Wilkinson, Morton S. 
Willard, Charles \\'. 
Williams, William. 
Wilson, Eugene M. 
Wilson, John T, 
Winans, James J. 
Winchester, Boyd. 
Witcher, John S. 
Whittemore, B. Frank. 
Wood, Fernando. 
Woodward, George W. 
Young, P. M. B. 



Sweeney, William N. 

I. Elected in place of B. F. Hopkins, resigned. 

2. Elected in place of George S. Boutwell, resigned. 

3. Elected in place of E. B. Washburne, resigned. 

4. Elected in place of D. Heaton, deceased. 5. Elect- 
ed in place of Robt. Ridgway, deceased. 6. Elected 
in place of Noah Davis, resigned. 7. Elected in 
place of J. S. GoUaday, resigned. 8. Successfully 
contested the election of John MolVet. 9. Successfully 
contested the seat of Michael Ryan. 10. Elected in 
place of Truman Hoag, deceased. 11. Elected in 
place of B. F. Whittemore. 12. Successfully con- 
tested the election of John B. Reading. 13. Elected 
in place of D. D. Pratt, elected Senator. 

Territorial Delegates. 



Bradford, Allen A. 
Cavanaugh, .James M. 
Chaves, J. Francisco. 
Garfielde, Selucius. 
Hooper, William H. 



McCormick, Robert C. 
Nuckolls, Stephen F. 
Shafer, Jacob K. 
Spink, S. L. 



THE FORTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 

SENATOE.S. 

Sc/iiii/ler Colfax, 'Vice-President. 



Alcorn, James N. 
Ames, Adelbert. 
Anthony, Henry B. 
Bayard, Thomas F. 
Blair, F. P., .Ir. 
Boreman, Arthur I. 
Brownlow, William G. 
Buckingham, William A. 
Caldwell, Ale.xander. 
Cameron, Simon. 
Carpenter, Matt H. 
Casserly, Eugene. 

e 



Chandler, Zachariah. 
Clayton, Powell. 
Cole, Cornelius. 
Conkling, l\'o.scoe. 
Cooper, Henry. 
Corbett, Henry W. 
Cragiu, Aaron H. 
Davis, Garrett. 
Davis, Henry C. 
Edmunds, George F. 
Fenton. Reuben E. 
Ferry Orris F. 



Ferry, Thomas W. 
Flanagan, James W. 
Frelinghuysen, F. T. 
Gilbert, Abijah. 
Goldthwaite, (Jeorge. 
Hamilton, Morgan C 
Hamilton, William T. 
Hamlin, Hannibal. 
Harlan, .lames. 
Hill, .loshua, 
IIit(!hcock, Phineas W. 
Howe, Timothy (). 
.lohnson, .lohn W. 
Kelly, John K. 
Kellogg, William P. 
Lewis, John F. 
Logan, John A. 
Machen, Willis B.l 
Morrill, Justin S. 
Morrill, Lot M. 
Morton, Oliver P. 
Norwood, Thomas M. 
Nye, .Tames A\'. 
Osborn, Thomas W. 
Patterson, .lames W. 
Pomerov, Samuel C. 



Pool, John. 
Pratt, Daniel D. 
Ramsey, Alexander. 
Ransom, Mat W. 
Rice, Benjamin F. 
Robertson, Thomas J. 
Saulsbury, Eli 
Sawyer, Fred \. 
Schurz, Carl. 
Scott, .John. 
Sherman, .John. 
Spencer, George E 
Sprague, William 
Stevenson, John W. 
Stewart, William M. 
Stockton, John P. 
Snmner, Charles. 
Tipton, Thomas W. 
Trumbull, Lyman. 
Thurman, Allen G. 
Vickers, George. 
West, J. Rodman. 
Wilson, Henry. 
Windom, William. 
Wright, George G. 



1. Appointed in place of 6. Davis, deceased. 
Repeksentatives. 



James G. 
Acker, Ephraim L. 
.\dams. George M. 
Ambler, Jacob A. 
Ames, Oakes. 
Archer, Stevenson. 
Arthur, William E. 
Averill, .lohu T. 
Banks, N. P. 
Barber, J. Allen. 
Barnum, William H. 
Barry, Henry W. 
Beattj'. .John. 
Beck, Erasmus W.l 
Beck, .lames B. 
Bell, Samuel N. 
Beveridge, John L. 
Bigby, John S. 
Biggs, Benjamin T. 
Bingham, John A. 
Bird, John T. 
Blair, Austin. 
Blair, James G. 
Boarm.nn, Aleck. 2 
Boles, Thomas. 3 
Braxton, E. M. 
Bright, John M. 
Brooks, George M. 
Brooks, .James. 
Buckley, Charles W. 
Bnllington, James. 
Burchard, Horatio C. 
Burdett, Samuel S. 
Burnell, Frank G.4 
Butler, Benjamin F. 
Butler, R. R. 
Caldwell, Robert P. 
Campbell, Lewis D. 
Carroll. .lohn M. 
Clark, William T. 
Clarke. Freeman. 
Cobb, Clinton L. 
Coburn, John M. 
Coughlan, John M. 
Comingo, Abram. 
Conger, Omar D. 



Blaine, Speaker. 
Connor, James C. 
Cook, Burton C. 
Cotton, Aylett R. 
Cox, Samuel S. 
Crebs, John M. 
Creely, John N. 
Critcher, John. 
Crocker, Alvah.5 
Crossland, Edward. 
Darrell, Chester B. 
Davis, John J. 
Dawes, Henry L. 
DeLarge, Robert C 
Dickey, Oliver .J. 
Dodds, Orzo T.B 
Donan, William G. 
Dox, I>eter M. 
Du Boise, Dudley M. 
Duell, R. H. 
Duke, R. T. W. 
Dunnell, Mark H. 
Fames, Benjamin T. 
Edwards, John! 
Eldred Charles A. 
Elliott, Robert B. 
Ely, Smith, Jr. 
Esty, C. C.7 
Farnsworth, John T. 
Farwell, Charles B. 
Finkelnburg, G. A. 
Forker, Samuel C. 
Foster, Charles. 
Foster, H. D. 
Foster, Wilder D.8 
Frye, William P. 
Garfield, James A. 
Garrett, Abraham E. 
Getz. Lawrence. 
Giddings, DeWittC.9 
Golladay, Edward S. 
Goodrich. Milo. 
Grillith, Samuel. 
Haldeman, h'ichard J. 
Hale, Eugene. 
Halsey, George A. 



Kvi 



TABULAR E E C (J K I) S . 



Hambletou, Samuel. 
Hancock, John. 
Handley, William A. 
Hanks, James. 
Haimer, Alfred C. 
Harper, James C. 
Harris, George E. 
Harris, John T. 
Havens, H. E. 
Hawley, John II. 
Hawley, Jo.sc)ili K'.lo 
Hay, John B. 
Hays, Charles. 
Hazelton, Gerry \V. 
Hazelton, John W. 
Hereford, Frank. 
Herndon, William S. 
Hihbard, E. A. 
Hill, John. 
Hoar, George P. 
Holman, William S. 
Hooper, Samuel. 
Houghton, Sherman ( i. 
Kellogg, Stephen W. 
Kelly, William D. 
Kendall, Charles W. 
Kerr, Michael C. 
Ketcham, .John H. 
Killiuger, John W. 
King, Andrew. 
Kinsella, Thomas. 
Laniison, Charles L. 
Lamport, William H. 
Lansing, William E. 
Leach, John M. 
Lewis, Joseph H. 
Lowe. D. P. 
Lynch, John. 
Mauson, Malilon D. 
Marshall, S. S. 
Maynard, Horace. 
McClelland, William. 
JlcCormick, James R. 
JlcCrary, George W. 
M'Grew, James C. 
McHenrv, Henry D. 
Mclntire, A. T. 
Mc.Iunkiii. Ebenezer. 
McKee, George C. 
McKinney, John F. 
McNeeley, T. W. 
Mercer, Ulysses S. 
Merriam Charles L. 
Merrick, William M. 
Mitchell, Ali-\ander. 
Monroe, Jaiiics. 
Moore, Jesse. 
Morey, Frank. 
Morphis, .To.seph I.. 
Morgan, George ^\'. 
Myers, Benjamin T. 
Myers, Leonard. 
Negley, James S. 
Niblack, Silas N.ll 
Kiblack, William J ;. 
Orr, Jackson. 
Packard, Jasper. 
Packer, John B. 
Palmer, Frank W. 
Parker, Hosea W. 
Parker, Isaac. 
Peck. Erasmus D. 
Pendleton, James M. 
Perce, Legnjnd W. 
Perry, Aaron F. 



Perry, Eli, 
Peters, John A. 
Piatt, James H.. Jr. 
Poland, Luke P. 
Porter, Charles H. 
Potter, Clark.son N. 
I'rice, William P. 
Prindle, Elizur H. 
Rainey, Joseph H. 
Randall. Samuel J. 
Read, William P. 
Rice, Edward J. 
Rice, .Tohn M, 
Ritchie, John O. 
Roberts, Ellis H. 
Roberts, William R. 
Robinson, James C. 
Rogers, John! 
Rogers, Sion H. 
Roosevelt, Robert B. 
Rusk, Jeremiah M. 
Sargeant, Aaron A. 
Sawyer, Philetus. 
Scofield, Gleuni W. 
Seeley, John E. 
Sessions, Walter L. 
Shanks, John P. C. 
Sheldon, Lionel A. 
Shellabarger, Samuel. 
Sherwood, Henry. 
Sliober, Francis E. 
Shoemaker, L. D. 
Slater, James H. 
Slocum, Henry W. 
SIoss, James H. 
Smith, Horace B. 
Smith, John A. 
Smith, Worthington C. 
Snapp, Heniy. 
Snyder, Oliver P. 
Speer, R. Milton. 
Speer, Thomas J. 
Sprague, WiUiam P. 
Starkweather, Henry 11. 
Stevens, Bradford M. 
Stevenson, Job 0. 
St. John, Charles. 
Stover, John B. 
Stonghton, William L. 
Stowell, W. H. H. 
Strong, Julius L. 
Sutherland, Jabez C 
Swann, Thomas. 
Svpher, J. Hale. 
Tatfce, John. 
Terry, William. 
Tliomas, Charles R. 
Townsend, Dwight. 
Townsend, Washingto::. 
Tuthill, Joseph H. 
Turner, Benjamin S. 
Tvner, James N. 
Twichell, Ginery. 
Upson, William H. 
Van Trump, Pliiladelj'i 
Vaughn, William W. 
Vorhees, Daniel W. 
Waddell, Alfred M. 
Wakeman, Seth. 
Walden, Madison M. 
Waldron, Henry. 
Wallace, Ale.xaudei- S. 
Walls, .Tosiah '[' 
Warren, Josepli M. 
Washburn, ^\■illiam B 



Wells, Erastus. 
Wheeler, William A. 
Whiteley, Richard H. 
Whitthorn, W. C. 
Willard, Charles W. 
Williams, William. 



Williams, William 

Wilson, Jeremiah M. 

Wilson, John T. 

Winchester, Boyd. 

Wood, Fernando. 

Young, P. M. B. 
1. Elected in place of T. J. Speer, deceased. 2. 
Elected in place of J. McCleary, deceased. 3. Suc- 
cessfully contested the election of John Edwards. 
4. Elected in place of U. S. Mercur, resigned. 5. 
Elected in place of W. B. Washburn, resigned. 6. 
Elected in place of A. F. Perry, resigned. 7. Elected 
in place of G. M. Brooks, resigned. 8. Elected in 
place of T. W. Ferry, elected Senator. 9. Success- 
fully contested the election of W. T. Clark. 10. 
Elected in place of J. L. Strong, deceas(d. 11. 
Successfully contested the election of J. T. Walls. 
Territorial Delegates. 



Armstrong, Mosos K. 
Chaflee, Jerome B. 
Chipmaii. N. P. 
Claggett, William H. 
Gallegos, Jose M. 



Garfielde, Selncius. 
Hooper, William H. 
Jones, W. T. 
McCormick, R. C. 
Merritt, Samuel H. 



THE FORTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 

Senatoes. 

Henri/ Wilson, Vice-President. 



Alcorn, .James L. 
Allison, William B. 
Ames, Adelbert. 
Anthony, Henry B. 
Bayard, Thomas T. 
Bogy, Lewis B. 
Boreman, Anthony. 
Boutwell, George S.l 
Brownlow, William G. 



Howe, Timothy O. 
Ingalls, Jolm .1. 
Johnson, John \V. 
Jones, John V. 
Kelly, James K. 
Lewis, John F. 
Logan, John A. 
McCreery, Thomas C. 
Merrimou. A. S. 



Buckingham, William A. Mitchell, John H. 



Caldwell, .\lexander. 
Cameron, Simon. 
Carpenter. Matt. H. 
Casserly, Eugene. 
Chandler, Zachariah. 
Clayton. Powell. 
Conkling, Roscoe. 
Conover, Simon B. 
Cooper, Henry. 
Cragin, Aaron H. 
Crozier, Robert.2 
Davis. Henry G. 
Dennis, George R. 
Dorsey, Stephen W. 
Eaton, William W.,"} 
Edmunds, George F. 
Fenton, Reuben E. 
Ferry, Orris F. 
Ferry, Thomas W. 
Flannagan, James W. 
Frelingiiuysen. F. T. 
Gilbert, Abijah. 
Goldthwaite, George. 
Gordon, .John B. 
Hager, John S.4 
Hamilton, Morgan C. 
Hamilton, William F. 
Hamlin, Hannibal. 
Harvey, James. 5 



Morrill, .Justin S. 
Morrill, Lot M. 
Morton, Oliver P. 
Norwood, Thomas M. 
Oglesby, Richard J. 
Patterson, John J. 
Pease, Henry R.6 
Pratt, Daniel D. 
Ramsey, Alexander. 
Ransom, Matt. W. 
Robertson, Thomas J. 
Sargeant. Aaron A. 
Saulsbury, Eli. 
Scott, John. 
Schurz, Carl. 
Sherman, .John. 
Spencer, George E. 
Sprague, William. 
Stevenson, John W. 
Stewart, William M. 
Stockton, John P. 
Sumner, Charles. 
Thnrman, Allen G. 
Tipton, Thomas W. 
Wadleigh, Bainbridge. 
Washburn, William B.7 
West, J. Rodman. 
Windom, William. 
Wright, George G. 



Hitchcock, PMueas W. 

1. Elected in place of Henrj' Wilson, resigned. 
2. Appointed in place of Alexander Caldwell, re- 
signed. 3. Appointed in place of W. A. Bucking- 
ham, deceased. 4. Elected in place of Eugene Caa- 
serly, resigned. 5. Elected in place of Alexander 
Caldwell, resigned. 6. Elected in place of Adelbert 



TABULAK KKCOEDS. 



Ixvil 



Ames, resigned. 
ncr deceased. 



I'lcclid in pli\(c ot'Chailes .Sum- 



liEPR KSENTATIVES. 



Jiuiies G. 

Afhiuis, Geoi'fie M. 

Albert, Williniii ,1. 

Albright, riiarles. 

Archer. Stevenson. 

Arthur. Willian.i E. 

Ashe, Thomas S. 

Atkins, John D. C. 

Averill, Jolin T. 

Kanning, Henry B. 

Harber, ,X. .\llcn. 

liarrere, Granville. 

Barnum, William H. 

Barry, Heiirv \V. 

Bass, Lyman K. 

Beii, Jaine.'* B. 
BeKole, Josiah W. 
Bel!, Hiram V. 
Berry, John. 
Kicry, .Tames S. 
Bland, Richard P. 
Bioiint, .lames H. 
Bowen, Eeese T. 
Bradley, Nathaniel B. 
Bright, John M. 
Bromberg. Fred. G. 
Brown. John Y. 
Biiokner, .Vylett K. 
Buttington, .Tames, 
r.urchard, Horatio 0. 
Bu.leigh, ,Tohn H. 
Bundy, Hczekiah S. 
Burrows, Julius C. 
Butler, Benjamin F. 
Butler, K. K. 
Cain, Richard H. 
Caldwell, John H. 
Cannon. Joseph G. 
Carpenter, Lewis G.l 
Cason, Tlionias .T. 
Caultield, leiuard G.2 
Cessna, John. 
Chittenden, Kim'eon B.3 
Clark. Ames, ,Tr. 
Clark, Freeman. 
Clark, John 15., Jr. 
Clayton, Charles. 
Clements, Isaac. 
Clymer, Heister. 
Cobb, Clinton L. 
Cobb, Stephen .\. 
Coburn, John. 
Coniingo, Abram. 
t'onger, Omar U. 
Cook, Philip. 
Corwin, Franklin, 
Cotton, Aylett R. 
Cox, Samuel S. 
Creamer, Thomas ,T. 
Crittenden, Thomas T. 
Crocker, Alvah. 
Crooke, I'hilip S. 
Crossland, ICdward. 
Crownse, Lorenzo. 
Crutchfield, William. 
Curtis, Carleton B. 
I)anford, Lorenzo. 
Darrell, Chester B. 
Davis, Alexander M. 
Davis. John J. 
Dawes, Hem y T.. 



Bldiiie, Spenkir. 

be Witt, David JI. 
Dobbins, Samuel .\. 
Donnan, William (;. 
Duell, R. Holland. 
Dunuell, Mark II. 
Durham. Milton ,1. 
Eames. Benjantin T. 
Eden, John K. 
Eldvidge, Charles L'. 
I'.lliott, Robert D. 
I'arwell, Charles B. 
Field, JIoscs W. 
Finck, William E.4 
Fort, Greenburg L. 
Foster, Charles. 
Freeman, James C. 
Frye, William P. 
(larfield, James A. 
Oiddings, De Witt C. 
Glover, John JI. 
• Gooch, Daniel W. 
Gunckel, Lewis B. 
Gunter, Thomas M.5 
Hagans, John M. 
Hale. Eugene. 
Hale, Robert S. 
Hamilt<m. R )bert. 
Hancock, .lohn. 
Harmer, Allied ('. 
Harris, Benjamin W. 
Harris. Henry 1>'. 
Harris, John T. 
Harrison, Horace II. 
Hatcher, Robert A. 
Hatlu.rn. H. H. 
Havens, Harrison L. 
Hawley, Johij 15. 
Hawley, Joseph R. 
Hays, Charles. 
Hazelton, Cierry W. 
Hazelton, .lohn W. 
Herelbrd, Frank. 
Hendee. John W. 
Herndon, William S. 
Hersey. Samuel F. 
Hoar. E. L'ockwood. 
Hoar, (icovge F. 
Hodges. Asa. 
Holman. William S. 
Hooper. Samuel. 
Hoskins. (leorge C. 
HouglitDn, .Sherman I). 
Howe, Albert R. 
Hubbell, ,Iay A. 
Hunter, Morton C. 
Hurlbut, Stephen A. 
Hutton, Eppa. 
Hyde, Ira B. 
Hynes, William ,L 
Jewett, Hugh J. 
Kasson, John A. 
Kelly, William I). 
Kellogg, Stephen W. 
Kendall, Cliarle-s W. 
Killinger, .lohn W. 
Knapp. Robert M. 
Lamar, L. Q. C 
Lamport, Willi;ini H. 
Eamison, Charles N. 
Lansing. W'illi.ara E. 



Lawrence, William. 
Lawson, John D. 
Leach, ,Tames M. 
Lewis, Barbour. 
Lofland. .lames R. 
Loughridge. William. 
Lowe, D. i". 
Lowndes. Lloyd, .Ir. 
i Luttrell, Joln'i K. 
Lynch, John K. 
Magee, John A. 
Maishall, S. S. 
Martin, .Tames S. 
Maynard, Horace. 
.MeCrary, (ieorge W. 
McDiU, AlexamlerS. 
McDill, Janu-s W, 
McDougall, Clinton 1). 
McJunkin, Ebcnezev 
McKee, George ( '. 
Mcl^ean, William I' 
McNuIty, John. 
Mellish, David B. 
Merriam, Clinton I.. 
Milliken, Charles W. 
Mills, Rogei Q. 
Mitchell, Alexander. 
Monroe, ,Iames. 
.Moore, William S. 
Morey. Frank. 
.Morrison, William R. 
.Myers Leonard. 
-Veal, Lawrence T. 
Negley, James S. 
Xesmith, James W. 
Xiblack, William E. 
Niles, Jason. 
Nnnn, David A. 
O'Brien, William J, 
O'Neill, Charles, 
Orr, Jack.son. 
Orth, Godlove S. 
Packer, John B. 
Packard, Jasper. 
Page, Horace F. 
Parker,' Hosea W. 
Parker, Isaac C. 
Parsons. Richard C. 
I'elham. Charles. 
Pendleton, James M. 
Perry, Eli. 
Phelps, AVilliam W. 
Phillips, William A. 
Pierce, Henry L. 
Pike, Austin F. 
Piatt, ,James H. . Jr. 
Piatt, Thomas C. 
Poland, Luke P. 
Potter, ClarksoD N. 
Pratt, Henry O. 
Piirman. William J. 
Kaiuey. Joseph H. 
Randall, Samuel .1. 
Ransier, Alonzo J. 
Itapier, James T. 
Rawles, Morgan. 
l;av, William H. 
Keed, William B. 
Kice, John B. 
Richmond, H L. 
IJiilibins, William M. 
K'oberts, Ellis H. 
I.'oberts, William R. 
Kiibinson, James 0. 
Robinson, James W 



Uoss, Sobeiski. 
Rusk, Jeremiah M. 
Sawyer, Phi let us. 
Sayler, Henry B. 
.Sayler, Milton. 
Schell, Richard n 
Schumaker, ,Tol]n G, 
.Scotield, Glenui W 
Scuddei. Henry L. 
Scudder, Isa.ae W. 
Sener, James B. 
Session, Walter L. 
Shanks, John P. C. 
Sheats, Chris, C. 
Sheridan, George .V. 
J^herwood, Isaac 
Sheldon, Lionel A. 
.Shoemaker, I. D. 
Sloan, Andrew." 
Small, William B. 
.•^mart, , lames ,S. 
Smith, .\. Herr. 
Smith, George L. 
Smith, H. Boardman. 
.Smith, .T. Ambler. 
Smith, ,Iohn Q. 
Smith, William. 
Snyder. Oliver P. 
Southard, Milton. 
Speer, R. Milton. 
Sprague, William P. 
Stanard, Edwin O 
Standiford, Elisha D. 
Starkweather, H. II, 
Stephens, A. H. 
Stephens, Charles A,8 
St. John, Charles. 
Stone, William H, 
Storm, John B 
Stowell. William H. U. 
Strait, Horace B. 
Strawbridge, J. D. 
Swann. Thomas. 
Svplier, J. Hale. 
Taylor. Alexander W. 
Thomas. Charles R. 
Thomas. Chris. Y.9 
Thomp.son. .John M.IO 
Thornberuli, .laeoh M 
Todd. Lemuel. 
Townsend. Washington. 
Tremaine, Lyman. 
Tyner. .Tames N. 
Vance. Robert V. 
Waddell, Alfred M. 
Waldron. Henry. 
Wallace. Ale.\aiuler S. 
Walls, .losiah T. 
Ward, .lasper D. 
Ward, Marcus \,. 
Wells, Era,stus. 
Wheeler, William .\. 
White, .Me.xander. 
Wliiteliead. Thomas. 
Whitehouse, John O. 
Whitclcv, Richard H. 
Whitthorn, W. 0. 
Wilber, David. 
Willard, Charles W, 
Willard, George, 
Willie, Asa H. 
Williams. Charles d. 
Williams, John M. S. 
Williams, William. 
Williams, William B U 



lx\ 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



■Wilson, Ephraim K. 


Wood, Fernando. 




.Ainswortli. L. L. 


Ellis, E. J. 


Wilson, James. 


Woodford, Stewart L. 




.\nder.son. \\'. B. 


Ely, Smith, Jr. 


Wilson, Jeremiah M. 


Wood worth, L. D. 




Ashe, T. S. 


Evans, J. L. 


Wiltshire, William W. 


Young, John D. 




.\tkins, J. D. C. 


Farwell, C. B. 


Wolfe, Simon K. 


Young, P. M. B. 




Bagby, J. C. 


Faulkner, C. J. 


1. Elected in place 


of R. B. Elliott. resicE 


ed. 


Bagley, George A. 


Felton, W, H. 


2. Elejted in place of John B. Rice, dece.ised. 


Bagley, J. H., Jr. 


Field, David Dudley. 4 


3. Elected in place of 


S. L. Woodford, resign 


ed. 


Baker, J. H. 


Finley, Je.sse J.5 


4. Elected in place of H 


. J. Jewett. resigned. 5. S 


uc 


r.aker, W. H. 


Flye, Edwin. G 


cessfuUy contested the 


election of W. W. Wiltsh 


ire. 


Ballon, L. W. 


Forney, AV. H. 


6. Elected in place of 


D. B. Mellish, deceased. 


7. 


Banks, Nathaniel P. 


Fort, G. L. 


■Snecessfully contested 


the election of M. Raw 


es 


Barniim, W. H. 


Foster, Charles. 


8. Elected in place of Alvah Crocker, deceas 


ed. 


Banning, H. B. 


Franklin, B. J. 


9. Successfully contested the election of A. M. Davis. 


Bass, L. l\. 


Freeman, Chapman. 


10. Elected in place of Eli Junkin, resi;^ucd. 


11. 


Beebe, G. M. 


Frost, R. S. 


Elected in place of W. D. Foster, deceased. 




Belfbrd, James B. 


Frve, W. P. 


Tcrriloriul Delegates. 




Hell, S. N. 
Blaine, James G. 


I'\iller, B. S. 
Cause, L. C. 


Armstrong, Moses K. 


Hailey, John. 




Blair, H. W. 


Gaiheld, Jame^ .^.. 


Cannon, Georgo Q. 


Maginnis, Martin. 




Blackburn. -J. C. S. 


Gibson, R. L. 


Chaffee, Jerome B. 


McCormick. R. C. 




Bland, R. P. 


Glover, J. M. 


Chipman, N. P. 


McFadden, O. B. 




Bliss, A. M. 


Gcode, John, .Ir. 


El kins, Stephen B. 


Steele, William R. 




Blount, J. H. 


Goodin, J. R 


THE FORTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 




Boone, A. R. 
Bradford, Taul. 


Gunt«r, T. M. 
Hale, Eugene. 


Se.v.\toks. 




Bradley, N. B. 


Hamilton, A. H. 


T. ir. Fen-u. 


President, pro tem. ^ 




Bright, J. M. 


Hamilton, Robert. 


Alcorn, James L. 


Ingalls, John_rj 




Brown, J. Y. 


Hancock, John. 


Allison, William B. 


Johnson, John 'W^^ 




Brown, W. R. 


Haralson, Jere. 


Anthony, Henry B. 


.Tones, Charles W. 




Buckner, A. H. 


Hardenberg. A. A. 


Bailey, James E.l 


.Tones, John P. 




Burchard, 11. ('. 


Harris, B. W. 


•Barnum, William H.2 


Kelly, James K. 




Burchard, S. D. 


Harris, H. R. 


Bayard, Thonuus F. 


Kernan, Francis. 




Burleigh, J. H. 


Harris. J. T. 


Blaine, James G.3 


Key, David M. 




Buttz. Charles W.2 


Harrison, C. H. 


Bogy, Lewis V. 


Logan, John A. 




Cabell, G. C. 


Hartridge, Julian. 


Booth, Newton. 


McOeery, Thomas C. 




Caldwell, J. H. 


Hartzeli, William. 


Boutwell, George S. 


McDonald, Joseph E. 




Caldwell, W. P. 


Hatcher, R. A. 


Bruce, Blanclie K. 


McJIillan. Samuil .1, K' 




Campbell, .\lex. 


Hathorn, H. H. 


Burnside, Ambrose I'.. 


Maxey, Samuel B. 
Merriraon, A. S. 




Candler, M. A. 


Haymond, W. S. 


Cameron, Angus. 




Cannon, J. G. 


Hays, Charles. 


Cameron, Simon. 


Mitchell, John J. 




Carr, Nathan r.3 


Hendee. G. W. 


Chaftee, Jerome B. 


Morrill, Justin S. 




Cason, T. J. 


Henkle, E. J. 


Caperton, Allen T. 


Morrill, Lot M. 




Caswell, L. B. 


Henderson, T. J. 


Christiancy, Isaac P. 


Morton, Oliver P. 




Cate, G. W. 


Hereford, Franl;. 


Clayton, Powell. 


Norwood, Thomas M. 




Caultield, B. (i. 


Hewitt, A. S. 


Cockrell, Franci:; 11. 


Oglesby, Richard B. 




Chittenden. S, B. 


Hewitt, G. W. 


Conkling, Uoscne. 


Paddock, Algernon S. 




Ohapin, C. W 


Hill, Benjamin H. 


Conover, Simon B. 


Patterson, John J. 




Clark, J. B.. .h: 


Hoar, G. F. 


Cooper, Henry. 


Randolph, Theodore F. 




Clarke, J. B. 


Hoge, S. L. 


Cragin, Aaron II. 


Ransom, Matt W. 




Clymer, Heister. 


Holman, W. S. 


Davis, Henry G. 


Robertson, Thomas J. 




Cochrane, A. G. 


Hooker, Charles E. 


Dawes, Henry L. 


Sargent, Aaron A. 




Collins, F. D. 


Hopkins, J. H. 


Dennis, George R. 


Saul.sbury. Eli. 




Conger, O. D. 


Hoskins, G. G. 


Dorsey, Stephen W. 


Sharon, William. 




Cook, Philip. 


House, J. F. 


Eaton, William W. 


Sherman, John. 




Cowan, J. P. 


Hubbell, J. A. 


Edmunds, George F. 


Spencer, George E. 




Cox, S. S. 


Humphreys. Andrew.? 


English, .lames E. 


Stevenson, John \V. 




Crapo, William W. 


Hunter, M. C. 


Frelinghuysen, F. T. 


Teller, Henry M. 




Crounse, Lorenzo. 


llunton, I-;ppa. 


Goldthwaite, Geov^e. 


Thurman, Allen G. 




Culbertson, T). B. 


Hurd, F. H. 


Gordon, John 1'.. 


Wadleigh, Brainbridge. 




Cutler, A. W. 


Hurlbut, S. A. 


Hamilton, Morgii C. 


Wallace, William A. 




Dan ford, Lorenzo. 


Hyman, J. .V. 


Hamlin, Hannih 1. 


West, J. R. 




Darrall, Chester B. 


Jenks, G. A. 


Harvey, .lames M. 


Whyte, William Pinkuev. 


Davis, Joseph J. 


Jones, Frank. 


Hereford, Frank. 4 


Windoni, William. 


" 


Davis, .lohn M. 


Jones, T. L. 


Hitchcock, Phineas W. 


Withers. Robert E. 




DeBolt, R. A. 


Joyce, C. H. 


Howe, Timothy 0. 


Wright. George G. 




Denison, D. C. 


Kasson, J. A. 


1. Elected in place of 


.\ndrew .lohnscm. deceased. 


Dibrell, G. G. 


Kehr, E. C. 


2. Elected in place of Oiris S. Ferry, deceased. 


3. 


Dobbins, S. A. 


Kelly, William D. 


Elected in place of Lot M. Morrill, resigned. 


4. 


Douglass. B. B. 


Ketcham, W. W. 


Elected in place of Allen T. Caperton, deceased. 




Dunnell, M. H. 


Kimball, A. M. 


Eepkesentatives. 




Durand, G H. 
Durham, M. J. 


King. W. S. 
Knott, J. P. 


Miehael C. Kerr, 


Speaker, First Session. 




Fames, B. T. 


Lamar, Lucius Q. C. 


Samuel J. Randall, 


Spenkcr Second Session. 




Eden, J. R. 


Landers, Fraiil.lin. 


AWiott Josiah G.l 


Adams, C. H. 




Egbert, A. G. 


Landers, G. M. 



TAi; L J.Ali liE LORDS. 



Lane, Lafayette. 
Laphani, EC. 
Lawrence, Wi'.liam. 
Leavenwiirtli, IC. W. 
Leuioyne, .1. V.S 
Levy, W. M. 
Leuis, B. B. 
Luttrell, .lolm K. 
Lord, Scott. 
Lvnch, John U. 
Lvnde, W. 1>. 
Mackcv, E. W. M. 
JIackey, L. A. 
Mauooii, H. S. 
Slai.sl), Levi. 
JIacDougall, C. D. 
MtCrary, G. ^V. 
McDill. J. v. 
McFarland. WWVuv. : 
Mc.Maliou, J. A. 
Mead, E. R. 
JUlcall'e. H. B. 
Miller, S. F. 
Milliken, C. W. 
Mills, R. Q. 
Money, Hernando '. 
Monroe, James. 
Morey, Frank. 
Jlorrison, \V. R. 
Morgan, C. H. 
Mut'chler, Williaii: 
Nash, C. E. 
Neal, L. T. 
New, .T. I). 
Norton, Nilson L 
O'Brien, W. .1. 
Odell, N. H. 
Oliver, AiUlison. 
O'Neill, Charles. 
Packer, J. B. 
Page, Horace .1. 
Parsons, E. Y. 
Payne, H. B. 
Pl-.elps, James. 
Plnllips, J. F. 
Phillips, W. A. 
Piper, William A. 
Pierce. Henry L. 
Plaistcd, Harris M. 

Piatt, T. C. 

Poppleton, E. F. 

Potter, Allen. 

I'owell. .Toscph. 

Pratt, 11. O; 

Purmaii, W. J. 

Rainev, J. H. 

Kca, David. 

Reagan, J. H. 

Reillv, John. 

Reilly, I. B. 

Rice, A. V. 

Riddle, HaywooM V.!} 

Kobbins, John. 

Robbins. W. .M 

Roberts, C. B. 

Robinson, M. S. 

Ross, Miles. 

Ro.ss, Sebie.ski. 

Rusk, J. M. 

Sampson, E. S. 

Savage, J. S. 

Sayler, Milton. 

Scales, A. >L 

Schleicher, Gustavo. 

Schumaker, J. G. 



Seelye, J. H. 
Sheakley, James. 
Singleton, Otlio li. 
Sinnickson, C. H. 
Slemons, W. F. 
.Smalls, Robert, 
Smith, A. H. 
Smith, W. E. 
Southard, M. I. 
Sparks, \V. A. J. 
Springer, \V. ^L 
Spencer, William B. 
Strait, Horace B. 
Stanton, William H.m 
Starkweather. H. H. 
.Stenger, W. S. 
.Stephens, A. H. 
Stevenson, A. E. 
Stone, W. H. 
Stowell, ^V. U. H. 
Swaun, Thomas. 
Tarbox, ,1. K. 
Teese. F. H. 
Terry, Willi. .m. 
Thomas, P. F. 
Thompson, C. P. 
Thorn burgh. .1. M. 
ThrockmortcjM. .T. W. 
Townsend, ^^ I. 
Townsend, Washingtor. 
Tucker, J. Randolph. 

I'ults, J. Q. 

i'urney, .Tacob. 

Van Yoorhes, N. H. 

\'an(e. J. L. 

A'anie, R. B. 

Waddell, A. M. 

Wait, John T.ll 

Waldron, Henry. 

Walker, C. C. B. 

AV alker, G. C. 

Wallace, A. S. 

Wallace, J. W. 

Walling, A. T. 

Walls, J. T. 

Walsh, William. 

W'ard, Elijah. 

Warren, W. W. 

Warner, Levi. 12 

Watter.son, Henry ll> 

Wells, Erastns. 

Well.?. G. Wiley. 

Wheeler, W. .\. 

White, J. D. 

Whitehoi'.se, .1. O. 

AVhitini;. R. H. 

Whitthorne. \V. C. 

Wiaginton, Peter U. 
Wike, Scott. 

Willard, George. 

Williams, Acdn \v. 

Williams, A. S. 

Williams, C. (i. 

Williams, Janie.s. 
Williams, J. 1). 
W^illiams, J. N. 
Williams, W. B. 
Willis, B. A. 
Wilshire. W. W. 
Wilson, Benjamin. 
Wilson, James. 
Wood, Allan, Jr. 
Wood, Fernando. 
Woodburn, William. 
Woodworth, L. D. 



Yeates, J. J. Young, H. C. 

1. Successfully contested tlieseat ofRufusS. Fra.st. 
2. Successfully contested the seat of E. W. M. 
Mackey. 3. Elected in place of M. C. Kerr, de- 
ceased" 4. Elected in place of Smith Ely, Jr., 
resigned. 5. Successfully contested the seat of .T. T. 
Walls. 6. Elected in place of James G. Blaine, 
resigned. 7. Elected in place of .Tames D. Williams, 
resigned. 8. Successlnlly contested the seat of 
Charles B. Farwell. !). Elected in place of S. M. 
Fitey. deceased. 10. Elected in place of W. W. 
Ketchum, resigned. 11. Elected in place of H. IL 
Starkwe.ather, deceased. VI. Elected in place of W. 
H. Barnuni, resigned. l:i. Elected in place of E. Y. 
Parsons, deceased. 

Ti iiiliinid Delegates. 
Bennett, Thomas ^^■. Kidder, Jefferson P. 

Cannon, George Q. Maginnis, Martin. 

El kins, Stephen B. Patterson, Thomas M. 

I'eun, Stephen S.l Steele, William R. 

.lacobs. Orange. Stevens, Hiram S. 

1. Successfully contested the seat of T. W. Bennett. 

THE FORTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 



Senators. 



Wini'iiii .1. 

.Vllison, William B. 

.Vnthony, Henry E. 

Armstrong, D. II. 

iiailey, James K. 

Barnum, Williniu H. 

Bayard, Thonuis F. 

Beck, James B. 

Hlaine, James G. 

Booth, Newton. 

Bruce. Blanche K. 

iiurnside. .\mbro.se E. 

Butler, M. C. 

Cameron, Angus. 

Cameron, J. D. 

Chatiee, Jerome B. 

Christiancy, Isaac P. 

Cockrell, Francis SL 

( oke, Richard. 

I oukling, Koscoe. 

I 'onover, .Simon B. 

Davis, David. 

Davis, Henry Cr. 

Dawes, Henry L. 

Dennis, GeoiLC \i. 

liorsey, Stephen W. 

Eaton, W^illiam W. 

Edmunds, George F. 

Eustis, .Tames I'.. 

Ferry, Thomas W. 

Garland, A. II. 
: Gordon, John B. 
; Grover, L. F. 

Hamlin, Hannibal. 

Harris, I. G. 

Hereford. Frank. 

Hill, Benjamin H. 

Hoar, George F. 

Howe, Timothy 0. 



]\'heeler, Vice-President. 
.Tohnston, ,Tohn W. 
.Tones. Charles W. 
Jones, John P. 



Kernan, Francis. 
Kirkwood. S. J. 
Lamar, L. Q. C. 
Matthews, Stanley. 
Maxey, Samuel B. 
McCreery, Thomas ( ', 
McDonald, Joseph !'. 
McMillan, Samuel .1 \i. 
McPherson, J. R. 
Merrimon, A. S. 
MitcheU, John H. 
Morgan, J. T. 
Morrill. Justin S. 
Morton, Oliver P. 
Oglesby, Richard J. 
Paddock, Algernon S. 
Patterson, John J. 
Plumb, P. B. 
Kaiidolph. Theodore F. 
Ransom. Matt W. 
Rollins, E. H. 
Sargeant, Aaron A. 
Saulsbury, Eli. 
Saunders, A. 
Sharon, William. 
Shields, James.l 
Spencer, George E. 
Teller, Henry M. 
Thurman, Allen G. 
Wadleigh. Bainbridg ■. 
Wallace. William .\. 
Whyte, W. Pinekney. 
Wiudom, William. 
W'ithers, Robert E. 



ln'j;alls, John J. 

1. Appointed in place of D. H. Armstrong, deceased. 

Representatives. 
Samuel J. Randall, Spealai: 
\cklen, J. H.l Bacon, W"illiam J. 

\iken, D. Wvatt. Bagliy, Cieorge A. 

Aldrich, William. Bailey, J. M.2 

Atkins, John D. C. Baker, ,lohn H. 



Ixx 



TABUI. AK KECOKDS. 



Baker, William H. 


Dunnell, Mark H. 


Kenna, John E. 


Robinson, Milton S. 


Ballou, Latimer W. 


Durham, Milton J. 


Ketcham, John H. 


Ross, Miles. 


Banks, Nathaniel P. 


Dwight, Jeremiah W. 


Killinger, John W. 


Ryan, Thomas. 


Banning, Henry B. 


Eames, Benjamin T. 


KimmeU, William. 


Sampson, Ezekiel S. 


Bayne, Thomas M. 


Eden, John R. 


Knapp, Robert M. 


Sapp, Willian "=•. 


Beebe, George M 


Eickhoff, Anthonv. 


Knott, J. Proctor. 


Sayler, Milton. 


Bell, Hiram P. 


Elam, J. B. 


Landers, George M. 


Scales, Alfred M. 


Benedict, Charles B. 


Ellis. E. John. 


Lapham. Elbridge G. 


Schleicher, Gustave. 


Bicknell, Geort;i- A. 


Ellsworth, Charles C. 


Lathrop, William. 


Sexton, Leonidas. 


Bisbee, Horatio, Jr. 


Errett, Russell. 


Leonard, J. E. 


Shallenberger, William S. 


Blackburn, Joseph C. S. 


Evans, I. Newton. 


Ligon, Robert F. 


Shelley, Charles M. 


P.lair, Henry AV. 


Evans. James L. 


Lind,sey, Stephen D. 


Singleton, Otlio R. 


Bland, Richard 1'. 


Evins, John H. 


Lockwood, Daniel N. 


Sinnickson, Clement IP 


Bliss, Archihalil M. 


Ewing, Thomas. 


Loring, George B. 


Siemens, William F. 


Blount, James H. 


Felton, William H. 


Luttrell, John K. 


Smalls, Robert. 


Boone, Andrew R. 


Field, Walbrid; c .\. 


Lynde, William Pitt. 


Smith, A. Herr. 


Bouck, Gabriel. 


Finley, Ebene. . . B. 


Mackey, L. A. 


Smith, William E. 


Boyd, Thomas A. 


Finley, John J. 4 


Maish, Levi. 


Southard, Milton I. 


Bragg, Edward S. 


Forney, William H. 


Manning, Van H. 


Sparks, William A. J. 


Brentauo, Lorenzo. 


Fort, Greenbury L. 


Marsh, Benjamin F. 


Springer, William M, 


Brewer, Mark S. 


Foster, Charles. 


Martin, Benjamin F. 


Starin, John H. 


Bridges, Samuel A. 


Franklin, Benjamin J. 


Mayham, Stephen L. 


Steele, Walter L. 


Briggs, James F. 


Freeman, Chaiiman. 


McCook, Anson G. 


Stenger, William S. 


Bright, John M. 


Frye, AVilliam P. 


McGowan, J. H. 


Stephens, A. H. 


Brogden, Curtis H. 


Fuller, Benoni S. 


McKenzie, James A. 


Stewart, J. H. 


Browne, Thomas M. 


Gardner, Mills. 


JIcKinley, William. Jr. 


Stone, John W. 


Buckner, Aylett 11. 


Gartield, James \. 


JIcMahon, John .\. 


Stone, Joseph C. 


Bundy, Solonuiii. 


Garth, William W. 


Metcalfe, Lyne S. 


Strait, Horace P>. 


Burchard, Hor;itio t '. 


Gause, Lucien C. 


Mills, Roger Q. 


Swann, Thomas. 


Burdick, Theodore \V. 


Gibson, Randall L. 


Mitchell. John I. 


Thompson, John M. 


Butler, Benjamin V. 


Giddings, D. C. 


Money, Hernando D. 


Thornburgh, Jacob M. 


Cabell. George C 


Glover, John M. 


Monroe, James. 


Throckmorton, ,Tames Vt', 


Cain, Richard H. 


Goode, John. 


Morgan, Charles H. 


Tipton, Thomas F. 


Caldwell, John W. 


Gunter, Thomas M. 


Morrison, William R. 


Townsend. Amos. 


Caldwell, William P- 


Hale, Eugene. 


Morse, Leopold. 


Townsend, Martin I. 


Calklns, William 11. 


Hamilton, Andrew H. 


Muldrow, H. L. 


Townshend. Richard W. 


Camp, John 11. 


Hanna, John. 


Muller, Nicholas. 


Tucker, John R. 


Campbell, Jacob M. 


Hardenbergh, A. A. 


Neal, Henry S. 


Turner, Thomas. 


Candler, Milton A. 


Harmer, Alfred C. 


Norcross, Amasa. 


Turney, Jacob. 


('aiinon, Jose]ili (J. 


Harris, Benjamin W. 


Oliver, Addison. 


Vance, Robert V. 


Carlisle, John (i. 


Harris, Henry R. 


O'Neill, Charles. 


Van Voorhes, Nelson H. 


( 'a.swell, Lucien P.. 


Harris, John T. 


Overton, Edward. Jr. 


Veeder, William D. 


('halmers, J. U. 


Harrison, Carter H. 


Pacheco, Romualdo. 


Waddell, Alfred M. 


Chittenden, Simeon B. 


Hart, E. Kirke. 


Page, H. F. 


Wait, John T. 


Claflin, William. 


Hartridge, Julian. 


Patterson, George W. 


Walker, Gilbert C. 


Clark, Alvah A 


Hartzell, William. 


Patterson. Thomas 1L5 


Walsh, William. 


Clark, John B., Jr. 


Haskell, Dudley C. 


Peddle, Thomas B. 


Ward, W'Uliam. 


( lark, Rush. 


Hatcher, Robert A. 


Phelps, James. 


Warner, Levi. 


Clarke John B 


Hayes, Philip C. 


Phillips, William A. 


Watson, Lewis F. 


Clymer, Heister. 


Hazelton, George C. 


Pollard, Henry M. 


Welch, Frank. 


Cobb, Thomas R. 


Hendee, George W. 


Potter, Clarkson N. 


White, Harry. 


Cole, Nathan. 


Henderson, Thomas J. 


Pound, Thad. C. 


White, Michael D. 


Collins, Francis U. 


Henkle, Eli J. 


Powers, Llewellyn. 


Whitthorne, W. C. 


Conger, Omar D. 


Henry, Daniel M. 


Price, Hiram. 


Wigginton, Peter D.6 


Cook, Philip. 


Herbert, Hilary A. 


Pridemore, Auburn L. 


Williams, Alpheus S. 


Covert, James W. 


Hewitt, Abram S. 


Pugh, John Howard. 


Williams, Andrew. 


Cox, Jacob D. 


Hewitt, Goldsmith W. 


Quinn, Terence J. 


Williamfi, Charles 6. 


Co-K, Samuel S. 


Hiscock, Frank. 


Rainey, Joseph H. 


Williams, James. 


Crapo, William W. 


Hooker, Charles O. 


Randolph, James H. 


Williams, Jeremiah N. 


Cravens, Jordan E. 


House, John F. 


Rea, David. 


Williams, Rieh.ard. 


Crittenden, Thomas T. 


Hubbell, Jay A. 


Reagan. John H. 


Willis. Albert S. 


Culberson, David B. 


Humphrey, H. L. 


Reed, Thomas B. 


Willis, Benjamin A. 


Cummings, Henry .1. 1'.. 


Hungerford, John N. 


Reilly, James B. 


Willits, Edwin. 


Cutler, Augustus W. 


Hunter, Morton C. 


Rice, Americns V. 


Wilson, Benjamin. 


Pantbrd, Lorenzo. 


Hunton, Eppa. 


K'ice, William W. 


Wood, Fernando. 


Darrall, ChesteV E. 


Ittner, Anthony. 


Riddle, Hay woe «1 Y. 


Wren, Thomas. 


I lav is, Horace. 


.lames, Amaziab B. 


Robbius, William M. 


Wright, H«ndrick B, 


Davis, Joseph .). 


.lones, Frank. 


Roberts, Charles I!. 


Yeates, Jesse J. 


Davidson, Robert H. .M. 


•lones, James Ta.vlor. 


Robertson, E. W. 


Young, H. Casey. 


Dean, Benjamin.3 


■ lones, John S. 


Robinson, George I). 


Young, John S. 


Deering, Nathaniel C. 


Jorgensen. .loseph. 


1 . Successfully contested the seat of C. B. Darrall. 


Denison, Dudley C. 


.Toyce, Charles H. 


2. Elected in place of T. 


J. Qninu, deceased. 3. Sue- 


Dibrell, George G. 


Keit'er, J. Warren. 


eessfully contested the seat of W. A. Field. 4. Suc- 


Dickey, H. L. 


Keightlev. ICdwin \V. 


cessfully contested the 


seat of Horatio Bisbee. 


Douglass, Bever'.y B. 


IvellT. William D. 


5. Successfully contested 


the seat of J. B. Bolforcl. 



TABULAK RECUKUfci. 



Ixxi 



a. Successfully 
Paflieco. 

Te, 
C'aunou, George Q. 
Corlett, William \V, 
Fenn, Stephen S. 
Jacobs, Orange. 



contested the seat of KomuaUlo 



■/«/ Ihliyaies. 

Kiililer, Jefferson 1'. 
Maginnis, Martin. 
Komero, Trinidad. 
Stevens, Hiram .S. 



THE EORTV-SIXTH CONGRESS. 



Sknators. 



Willidin .1. }]'luela: Vice-Prcmk-nt. 



Allison, William B. 
Anthony, Heury K. 
Bailey, James K 
Baldwin, U. IM 
Bayard, Thomas V. 
Beck, James B. 
Bell, Charles H. 
Blaine, James (i. 
Blair, Henry W.2 
Booth, Newton. 
Brown, Joseph E.3 
I'.ruce, Blanche K. 
Buruside, Ambrose E 
Butler, M. C. 
Call, Wilkin.soii. 
Cameron, Angus. 
Cameron. J. D. 
Carpenter, Matt H. 
Chandler, Zathariah. 
Ctickrell, Francis M. 
Coke, Richard. 
Conkling, Roscoe. 
Davis, David. 
Davis, Henry G. 
Dawes, Henry L. 
Eaton. William W. 
Edmunds, Oeorgr K. 
Farley, .lames T. 
Ferry, Thomas ^\ . 
Garland, A. H. 
Gordon, John B. 
Groome, James B. 
Grover, L. F. 
Hamlin, Hannil>al. 
Hampton, Wade. 
Harris, I. G. 
Hereford, Frank. 
Hill, N. P. 
Hill, Benjamin II. 
Hoar, G. 1 



Houston, George S. 
Ingalls, John .1. 
Johnston, John W. 
.Ionas,«Benjamin Franklin. 
Jones, Charles W. 
Jones, John P. 
Kellogg, William I'itt. 
Kernan, Francis. 
Kirkwood, S. J. 
Lamar, L. Q. C. 
Logan, John A. 
Maxey, Samuel B. 
McDonald, Joseph E. 
McMillan, Samuel .1. R. 
McPherson. John R. 
Morgan, J. T. 
Morrill, Justin S. 
Paddock, Algernon S. 
Pendleton, (ieorge 11. 
Piatt, Orville II. 
Plumb, P. B. 
Pugh, James L.4 
Randolph, Tlieodi)r<; F. 
Ransom, Matt W. 
Rollins, E. H. 
Saulsbury, Eli. 
Saunders, A. 
Sharon, William. 
Slater. James H. 
Teller, Henry M. 
Thurman, Allen G. 
Vance, Zebulon B. 
Vest, George G. 
Voorhees, I). W. 
Walker, J. D. 
Wallace, Willian\ A. 
Why te, William I'inckney 
Williams, John S. 
Windom, William. 
Withers, Robert E. 

o 



1 Elected in place of Z. Chandler, deceased. 
Elected in place of C. H. Bell, temporarily appointed. 
3. Elected in place of John B. Gordon, resigned. 4. 
Elected in place of George S. Houston, deceased. 

\i Kin; i;s?:ntatives. 
Samuel J. 



Ackleu. J. H. 
Aiken. D. Wyatt. 
Aldrich, Nelson W. 
Aldrich, William. 
Anderson. John .V. 
Armfield, R. F. 
Atherton. (iibson. 
Atkins, J. D. C. 
Bachman, Reuben K 
Bailey, John M 
Baker, John H. 
Ballon, Latimer W 
Barber, Hiram. 
Barlow, liradley. 
Bavne, Tlmmas M. 
Beiile, R. L. J . 



Kuiidall, l^paiker. 
Belford. James B. 
Beltzhoover, Frank E. 
Berry, C. P. 
Bisbie, I loratio. 1 
BickucU, George A. 
Bingham, Heury H. 
Blackburn, Joseph C. S. 
Hlaki-, John L. 
Bland. Richard P. 
Bliss, jVrchibald M. 
Blount, .Tames H, 
I'.ouck, Gabriel. 
Bowman. Selwyn Z. 
Boyd. Thonnrs A. 
Bragg. F.dward S. 
Brewer, Mark S. 



Briggs, James F. 
Brigham. Lewis A. 
Bright, John M. 
Browne, Thomas M. 
Buckuer, Aylett H. 
Burrows, Julius C. 
Butterworth, Benjamin. 
Cabell. George C. 
Caldwell, .lohn W. 
Calkins, William H. 
Camp, John H. 
Cannon. Joseph G. 
Carlisle, John (i. 
Carpenter, Cyrus C. 
Caswell, Lucien B. 
Chalmers, J. R. 
Chittendon, Simeon 1!. 
Clallin, William. 
Clardv. Martin L. 
Clark" Alvah A. 
Clark, J. B., Jr. 
Clark, Rush. 
Clements, Newton N.'^ 
Clymer, Hiistcr. 
Cobb, Thomas R. 
Coffroth, Alexander H. 
Coleriek, Walp.ile G. 
Cimger, Omar D. 
Converse, George L. 
Cook, Philip. 
Covert, James W. 
Cowgill, Calvin. 
Cox, Samuel S. 
Crapo, William W. 
Cravens, Jordan E. 
Crowley, Richard. 
Culberson, David B. 
Daggett, RoUin M. 
Davidson, Robert H. M. 
Davis, George R. 
Davis, Horace. 

Davis, Joseph J. 

Davis, Lowndes H. 

De La Matyr. Gilbert. 

Deering, Nathaniel C. 

Deuster, Peter V. 

Dibrell, George G. 

Dick, Samuel B. 

Dickey. Henry L. 

Dunn. Poindexter. 

Dunnell, Mark II. 

Dwight, Jeremiah W. 

Einstein, Edwiu. 

Elam. J. B. 

EUis, E. ,Tohn. 

Errett, RusseU. 

Kvins. John H. 

Ewing, Thomas. 

Farr, Evarts W. 

Felton, William H. 

Ferdon, John W. 

Field. Walbridge A. 

FinlcN , Ebenczer 15. 

Fisher, Horatio G. 

Ford, Nicholas. 

Forney, William H. ■' 

Forsyth, Albert P. 

Fort, Greebury L. 

Frost, R. Graham. 

Frye, William P. 

Garlield, .lames A. 

Geddes, George W. 

Gibson. Randall L. 

Gillette. Edward II. 

Godshalk, William. 



Goode, John. 
Guuter, Thomas M. 
Hall, Joshua G. 
Hammond, .lohn. 
Hammond. N. J. 
Harmer, Alfred C. 
Harris, Beii.iamiu W. 
Harris, John T. 
Haskell, Dudley C. 
Hatch, William H. 
Hawk, Robert M. A. 
Hav/ley, Joseph R. 
Hayes, Philip C. 
Hazclton, tieorge (.'■ 
Heilman, William. 
Henderson. Thomas J . 
Henkle, Eli J. 
Henry. Daniel M. ,^ 
^^Herbert, Hilary A. ^■ 
^Herndon, Thomas H. 
Hill, William D. 
Hiscock, Frank. 
Hooker, Charles E. 
Horr, Roswell G. 
Hostetler, Abraham .1. 
Houk, L. C. 
House, John F. 
Hubbell, Jay A. 
Hull, Noble A. 
Humphrey, Herman L. 
Huiiton, Eppa. 
Kurd, Frank H. 
Hutchins, Waldo.3 
James. Amaziah B.. 
Johnston, Joseph E. 
Jones, G. W. 
Jorgensen, Joseph. 
Joyce, Charles H. 

Keifer, J. Warren. 

Kelly, William D. 

Kenna, John E. 

Ketcham, John H. 

Killinger, John W. 

Kimmel, William. 

King. J. Flovd. 

Kitchin, W. H. 
Klotz, Robert. 

Knott, J. Proctor. 

Ladd. George W. 

Lapham, Elbridge G. 

Lay. Alfred M. 

Lc Fevre, Benjamin. 
^Lewis, Burwell B. U 

Lindsey, Stephen D. 

Loring, George B. 

Louusbery, William. 

Lowe, William M. 

Manning, Van H. 

Marsh, Benjamin F. 

Martin, Benjamin F. 

Martin, Edward L. 

Martin, Joseph J. 

Mason, Joseph. 

McCoid, Moses A. 

McCook, Anson G. 

McGowan, Jonas H. 

McKenzie, James A. 

McKinley, William Jr. 

Me Lane, Robert M. 

JlcMahon. .John A. 

MrMillon. BentoDL 

Miles, Frederick. 

Miller, Warner. 

Mills, Rosier y. 

Mil. hell, John I. 



Ixxii 



TABULAR It E C O R D S . 



Money, Heruando D. 
Monroe, James. 
Morrison, William R. 
Morse, Leopold. 
Morton, Levi P. 
Muldrow, H. L. 
Muller, Nicholas. 
Murch, Thompson H. 
Myers, William R. 
Neal, Henry S. 
New, Jeptha U. 
Newberey, John S. 
Nicholls. John ('. 
Norcross, Amasa. 
O'Brien, James. 
O'Connor, M P. 
O'Neill, Charles. 
O'Reilly. Daniel. 
Orth, Godlove S. 
Osmer, .1. H. 
Overton, Edward. Jr. 
Pacheco, RomuaUIo. 
Page, Horace F. 
Persons, Henry. 
Phelps, James. 
Philips, John F.4 
Phister, Elijah G. 
Pierce, Ray \'. 
Poehler. Hoiirv. 
Pound. Thnddeiis C. 
Prescott. Cyrus L). 
Price, Hiram. 
Ray, Ossian..i 
Reagan. John H. 
Reed, Thomas B. 
Kice, William W. 
Richardson. Daviil P. 
Kichardson, Johi S. 
Itichmond, .Jame.s |.. 
Robertson, E. W. 
Robe.son, George M. 
Robinson, (Jeorge !•. 
Koss, Miles. 
Rothwell, (iidcon V. 
Russell, Daniel L. 
Russell, William A. 
Ryan, Thomas. 
Ryon, John W. I 

/'Samlbrd, William J. C 
Sapp, William F. 
Sawyer, Samuel L. 
Scales. Alfred M. 
Scoville, Jonathan. fl 
ShallenberKer, William 



Slemons, William F. 
Smith, A. Herr. 
Smith, Hezekiah B. 
Smith, William E. 
Sparks, William A. .1. 
Speer, Emory. 
Springer, William ^L 
Starin, John H. 
Steele, Walter L. 
Stephens, Alexander H. 
Stevenson, Adlai E. 
Stone, John W. 
Talbott, J. Frederick C. 
Taylor, Ezra B.7 
Taylor, R. L. 
Thomas, John R. 
Thomp.son, Philip B.. Jr. 
Thompson, William G.8 
Tillman, George D. 
Townsend, Amos. 
Townshend, Richard W. 
Tucker, John R. 
Turner, Oscar. 
Turner, Thomas. 
Tyler, Jam es ■! 
Dpdegrall', Jonathan T. 
Updegraft', Thonia.s. 
Upson, Columbus.9 
Urner, Milton G. 
Valentine, Edward K. 
Van Aernam, H( nry. 
Vance, Robert B. 
Voorhis, Charles H. 
Van Voorhis. John. 
Waddill, James R. 
Wait, .Tohn T. 
Ward, William. 
Warner, A. J. 
Washburn, W. D. 
Weaver, James B. 
Wellborn, Oliu. 
Wells. Erastns. 
White, Harry. 
Whiteaker, .lolm. 
Whitthorn, W. C. 
Wilber, David. 
Williams, Charles Gsi 
Williams. Thoma.s.--*^ 
Willis, Albert S. 
Willits, Edwin. 
Wilson, Beniamin. 
Wise, Morgan K. 
Wood, Fernando. 
. Wood, Walter A. 
Wright, Hendrick B. 
Yocum, Seth H. 
Young, Casey. 
Young, Thomas L. 
Yeates. J. J. 10 



THE FORTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 

Senators. 
Chester A. Arthur, Vice-President. 
David Daris, President pro tem.\ 



y Shelly, Charles J\L *] 
'^ Sherwin. John C. I 

Simonton, C. B. 

Singleton, .lames W. 

Singleton, O. R. 

1. Successfully contested the seat of Noble A. 
Hull. 2. Elected in place of B. B. Lewis, resigned. 
:5. Elected in place of Alexander Smith, deceased. 
4. Elected in place of A. M. Lay, deceased. 5. 
Elected in place of E. W. Farr, deceased. 6. Elected 
in place of Ray V. Pierce, resigned. 7. Elected in 
place of Jas. A. Garfield, resigned. 8. Elected in place 
of Rush (lark, deceased. 9. Elected in place of 
Gustave Schleicher, deceased. 10. Successfully con- 
tested the seat of J. J. Martin. 

Territwial Delegatei;. 

Ainslee, George. ' Campbell, J G. 

Ber,iiett, G. G. Downey, S. W. 

I'rents, Thomas H. Maginnis, Martin. 

Cannon, George Q. Otero, Mariano S 



Aldrich, N. W. 
Allison, William B. 
Anthony, Henry B. 
Barrow, Pope. 2 
Bayard, Thomas F. 
Beck, .Tames B. 
Blair, H. W. 
Brown, Joseph E. 
Butler. M. C. 
Call, Wilkinson. 
Camden, JohLson N. 
Cameron, Angus. 
Cameron, J. D. 
Cockrell, Francis M. 
Coke, Richard. 
Conger, Omar D. 
Davis, Henry ( 'r. 
Dawes, Henry L. 
Edmunds. George F. 
Fair, James it. 
Farley, James T. 
Ferry, Thomas W. 
Frye, William P. 
Garland. Auijustus H. 
George, James Z. 
Gorman, Arthur P. 
Groome, James B. 
Grover. La Fayette. 
Hale, Eugene. 
Hampton, Wade. 
Harris, Isham G. 
Harrison, Benjamin, 
llawley. Joseph R. 
Hill, Benjamin H. 
Hill, Nathaniel P. 
Hoar, George F. 
lugalls, John J. 
.lackson, Howell E. 



H. 



Jonas, Benjamin F. 
Jones, Charles W. 
Jones, John P. 
Kellogg, William P. 
Lamar, L. Q. C 
Lapham, Elbridge G 
Losrnn. .lohn A. 
JlrDill, James W. 
McMillan, i^aiuuel J. 
Mcpherson. .Tolin R. 
Mahone. William. 
Maxey, Samuel B. 
Miller, John F. 
Miller, Warner. 
Mitchell, ,Tohu I. 
Morgan. John T. 
:\Iiiirill, Justin S. 
I'endleton, Georire 
Piatt. Orville H. 
Plumb, Preston B. 
Pugh, .James L 
Ransom, Matt W. 
Rollins, Edward H. 
Saulsbury, Eli. 
Saunders, Alvin. 
Sawyer, Philetus. 
Sewell, William J. 
Sherman, John. 
Slater, .Tames H. 
Tabor, H. A. W.3 
Teller, Henry M. 
Vance, Zebulon B. 
Van Wyck. (^harles H 
Vest. Cieorge G. 
Voorhees. Daniel W. 
Walker. J.ames D. 
Williams, John S. 
Windom, William. 



.Tohnston, .Tohn W. 

1. Acting President in place of C. A. Arthur, ele- 
vated to the Presidency of the United States. 2, 
Elected in pla'e of Benjamin H. Hill, decc^ed. 
:X Elected in place of Henry M. Teller, resigned. 

Representatives. 



J. Warren 
.\iken, D. Wyatt. 
.Mdrich, William. 
Allen, Thomas. 
Anderson. John A. 
Armfield. R. F. 
Atkins, John D. Gi 
Atherton, Gibson. 
Barbour, .lohn S. 
Barr, Samuel F. 
Bayne, Thomas .M. 
Beach, Lewis. 
Belford. James B. 
Belmont, Perry, 
lieltzhoover. Frank E. 
Berry, Campbell P. 
Bingham. Henry H. 
Bisbee, Horatio. Jr.l 
Black, George R. 
Blackburn, .loseph C. S 
Blanchard. N. C. 
Bland, Richard P. 
Bliss. Archibald M. 
Blount. .Tames H. 
Bowman. Selwyn Z. 



Keifer, Spcahr. 
Bragg, Edw ard S. 
Brewer, J. Hart. 
Briggs, James F. 
Browne, Thomas At . 
Brumm, C. N. 
Buchanan. Hugh. 
Buck, John R. 
Buckner, AylettH. 
Burrows, Julius C. 
Burrows, .T. H. 
Butterworth, Benjamin 
Cabell. G. C. 
Caldwell. .Tohn W. 
Calkins. William H. 
Camp. John H. 
Campbell, John M. 
Candler, .John W. 
Cannon, .Toseph G. 
Carlisle. .Tohn G. 
Carpenter. Cyrus C. 
Cassidy, George W. 
Caswell, Lncien B. 
Ch ice. .Jonathan. 
Chalmers, James Ro; aid. 



TABULAR KKCOKDS. 



Ixxiii 



Clia]>ui:\n. A. G. 
Clardy, Martin L. 
Clark". John B., Jr. 
Clements, Judson C. 
Cobb, Thomas R. 
Colerick, Walpole ti. 
Converse, George L. 
Cook. Philij). 
Cornell, Thomas. 
Covington, G. W. 
Cox, Samuel S. 
Cox, William R. 
Crapo, William W. 
Cravens, Jordan E. 
Crowley, Richard. 
Culbcrtson, David B. 
Cullen, William. 
Curtin, Andrew <'r. 
Catts, Madison K. 
Darrall, Chester B. 
Davidson, Robert II. M. 
Davis, George R. 
Davis, Lovrndes H. 
Dawes, Rufus R. 
Deering, Nathaniel C. 
De Motte. Mark L. 
Denster, Peter V. 
D.ezendorf, .lohn F. 
Dibble. Samuel. 
Dibrell, G. G. 
Dingley, N., Jr. 
Dowd, Clement. 
Doxey, Charles T.2 
Dugro, P. Henry. 
Dunn, Poinde.xter. 
Dunnell, Mark H. 
Dwight, Jeremiah '\^ . 
Ellis, E. John. 
Ermentrout, Daniel. 
Errett, Russell. 
Evins. John H. 
Farwell, Charles B. 
Farvrell, Sewall S. 
Finley, Jesse J. 
Fisher, Horatio G. 
Flower, R. P. 
Ford, Nicholas. . 

^Forney, William H. 
^'^ Frost," R. Graham. 
Fulkerson, Abram. 
Garrison, George T. 
Geddes, George W. 
George, M. C. 
Gibson, Randall Lee 
Godshalk. William 
Grout. William W. 
Guenther. Richard, 
emuter, Thomas M. 
Hall. Joshua G. 
Hammond, John. 
Hammond. N. J. 
Hardenbergh, A. A. 
Hardy, John. 
Harmer. Alfred C. 
Harris, Benjamin W 
Harris, Henry S. 
Haskell. Dudley C. 
Hatch. William H. 
Hawk, Robert M. A. 
Hazeltine, Ira S. 
Hazelton, George C. 
Heilman, William. 
Henderson, Thomas .1 
Hepburn, W. P. 
Herbert, Hilary A 



Herndon, Thomas H. "O 
Hewitt, Abram S. n 

Hewitt, Goldsmith W. *T 
Hill, John. 
Hiscock, Frank. 
Hitt, R. R.3 
Hoblitzell. F. S. 
Hoge, John Blair. 
Holman, William f^. 
Hooker, Charles lO. 
Horr, Roswell G. 
Houk, L. C. 
House, Jolm F. 
Hubbell, Jay. A. 
Hnbbs, Orlando. 
Humphrey, Herm: n 1. 
Hutchins, Waldo. 
Jacobs, Ferris, Jr. 
.ladwin. C. C. 
Jones, George W. 
Jones, James K. 
Jones, Phineas. 
Jorgenseu, Joseph. 
Joyce. Charles H. 
Kasson, J. A. 
Kelly, William D. 
Kenna, John E. 
Ketcham, John H. 
King, J. Floyd. 
Klotz. Robert. 
Knott, J. Proctor. 
Lace. Edward S. 
Ladd, George W. 
Lapham, E. G. 
Latham, L. C. 
Leedom, John P. 
Le Fevre, Benjamin 
Lewis, J. H. 
Lindsey, Stephen U. 
Lord, Henry W. /:^- 

Lowe, W. M.4 •• 

Lynch, John R.5 
Mackey, E. W. M.(i 
Manning. Van H. 
Marsh. Benjamin F. 
Martin. Edward L. 
Mason, Joseph. 
Matson, C. C. 
McClure, A. S. 
McCoid, Moses A. 
McCook, Anson G. 
McKenzie, James A. 
MeKiuley. William. 
MeLane, Robert M. 
McLean, James H.7 
MoMillin, Benton. 
Miles, Frederick. 
Miller, Samuel H. 
Miller, Warner. 
Mills, Roger Q. 
Mcmey, Hernando D. 
Moore, William R. 
More-/, Henry L. 
Morrison, William R. 
Morse, Leopold. 
Mosgrove, James. 
Moulton, Samuel W. 
Muldrow, Henry Lownd 
Murch, Thompson U. 
Mutchler, William. 
Neal, Henry S. 
Nolan, M. N. 
Norcross, Amasa. / 
Gates, William C. '■* 
O'Neill, Charles. 



Urth, Godlove S. 
Pacheco, Romualdo. 
Page, Horace F 
Parker, A. X. 
Paul, John. 
I'ayson, Lewis 1'. 
I'celle, Stanton J. 
Pierce, R. B. F- 
Pettibone, A. H. 
Phelps, James. 
Phister, Elijah C. 
Pound, Thaddens I;. 
I'rescott, Cyrus D. 
Randall, Samuel .1. 
Ranney, A. A. 
Ray, Ossian. 
Reagan, John IL 
Reed, Thomas B. 
Reese, Seaborn. 8 
Rice, John B. 
Rice, T. M. 
Rice, William W. 
Rich. John T. 
Richardson, David P 
Kichardson, John S. 
Ritchie, James M. 
Robeson, George M 



Spaulding, O. L. 
Speer, Emory. 
Spooner. Henry J. 
Springer, William M 
Steele, George \V. 
Stephens, A. H. 
Stockslager, S. M. 
Stone, Eben F. 
Strait, Horace B. 
Talbott, J. Frederick C. 
Taylor, Ezra B. 
Taylor, Joseph D.ll 
Thomas, John R. 
Thompson. Philip B., .Ir 
Thompson, AVilliam G. 
Tillman, George D. 
Townsend. Amos. 
Townshend, Richard W. 
Tucker, J. Randolph. 
Turner, Henry G. 
Turner, Oscar. 
Tyler, James M. 
Upson, Columbus. 
Updegraft', J..T. 
UpdegralT. Thomas. 
Uvner, Milton G. 
Valentine, Edward Iv. 



KOOesou, *_>evjit;i.. i"-. ,, . t.i 

Robertson, Edward White.\an Aernam Hem 



Robinson. George D 
Robinson. James S. 
Robinson. William i: 
Rosecrans, W. S. 
Ross, Miles. 
Russell, William A, 
Rvan, Thomas. 
SeaU's. Alfred M. 
Schultz, Emannel. 
Scoville, Jon.Tth;'.n. 
Scr.anton, Joseph A. 
Shaekelford. .1. W. 
Shallenberger. William ; 
Shelley, Charles M. ^ 
Sherwin, John C. 
.-;hultz, E. 

Simonton, Ch.arles 1'. 
. Singleton, James W. 

Singleton, Otlio K. 

Skinner, Charles R.'J 

Smalls, Robert. 

Smith, A. Herr. 

Smith, D. C. 

Smith, J. Hyatt. 

Smith, James Q.IO 

Sparks, William A. J. 



Vance, Robert B. 
Van Horn, R. T. 
Van Voorhis, John. 
AVadsworth, J. W.P2 
Wait, John T. 
Walker, R. J. C. 
Ward, William. 
Warner, Richard. 
Washburn, William D 
Watson, Lewis 1' 
Webber, George W. 
Wellborn, Olin. 
West, George. 
Wlieeler, Joseph. 
White, John D. 
Whitthome, W. C. 
Williams, Charles G^^ 
Williams. Thomas. 
Willis, Albert S. 
Willits, Edwin. 
Wilson, Benjamin. 
Wise, George D. 
Vi'ise, Morgan R. 
Wood, Benjamin. 
Wood, Walter A. 
Yonng. Thomas L. 



1 S.ccessfullv contested the seat ot J. J. Mnley 
■> Elected in place of G. S. Orth. deceased ... 
Fleeted place of R. M. A. Hawk, deceased 4. Sm- 
■essfui V contested the seat of Joseph Wheel, r. 
5 lucce-stully contested the seat of J. R. Uialmeis. 
■(Successlullv contested the seat ot Samue D.bbl. . 

7 Elected in place of Thomas Allen, deceased. 

8 Elected in place of A. H. Stephens, resigned. 

9 Elected in place of Warner Mi ler leMgncl. 
lb Sucdssfnllv contested the seat of C. M .-hel ey, 
Zi%\^ without occupying it. 1,1- E -•'-'- P ;;- 
of J. T. I'pdcgraff, deceased. Vi. Elec ted in place 
of e! G. Lapham, resigned. 

Territorial Delegates. 

Ainslie, George. ^^'"^"r*;;,?!-,'!!' H 

Brents, Thomas H. Oiiry, (..^.^116 H. 

Caine. John T.I ^'^''^Krv 

Cannon, (ieo.ge Q. Post, M. E. 

1 linn Trantiuiliii*). , , , . 

1 Elected in place of G. (^ Cannon, declared in- 

eligible. 



Ixxiv 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



THE FORTY-EIGHTH CONC.KESS. 


Covington, George W. -' 


Hewitt, Goldsmith W. 


Sen 


.\TORS. 


Cox, Samuel S. 


Hill, William D. 


George F. Edmunds. President pro tern. 


Cox, William R. 


Hiscock, Frank. 


Aldrich, Nelson W. 


Jonas, Benjamin Franklin. 


Crisp, Charles P. 


Hitt. Robert R. 


Allison, William B. 


Jones, Charles W. 


Culbertson, David B. 


Hoblitzell, Fetter S. 


Anthony, Henry B. 


Jones, John P. 


Culbertson, William .Y. 


Holman, William S. 


Bayard, Thomas F. 


Kenna, John E. 


Cullen, William. 


Holmes, Adoniram J. 


Beck, James B. 


Lamar, Lucius Q. C. 


Curtin, .\ndrew G. 


Holton, Hart B. 


Blair, Henry W. 


Lapham, Elbridge G. 


Cutcheon, Byron M. 


Hooper, Benjamin S. 


Bowen, Thomas M. 


Logan, John A. 


Cutis, Marsena E. 


Hopkins, .Tames H. 


Brown, Joseph E. 


McMillen, Samuel J. R. 


Dargan, (Jeorgc W. 


Horr, Roswell G. 


Butler, M. C. 


McPherson, John R. 


Davidson, Robert H. .M. 


Houk, Leonidaa C. 


Call, Wilkinson, 


Mahone, William. 


Davis, George R. 


Houseman, .Tulius. 


Camden, Johnson N. 


Manderson, Charles F. 


Davis, Lowndes H. 


Howey, Benjamin F. 


Cameron, Angus. 


Maxey, Samuel B. 


Davis, Robert T. 


Hunt, Carleton. 


Cameron, James Donald. 


Miller, John F. 


Deuster, Peter V. 


Hurd, Frank H. 


Chace, Jonathan. 1 


Miller, Warner. 


Dibble, Samuel. 


Hutchins, Waldo. 


Cockrell, Francis Marion 


Mitchell, John I. 


Dibrell, George G. 


James, Darwin R. 


Coke, Richard. 


Morgan, .John T. 


Dingley, Nelson, Jr. 


Jeffords, Elza. 


Colquitt, Alfred H. 


Morrill, Justin S 


Dixon,"Nathan F.3 


Johnson, Frederick k. 


( onger, Omar D. 


Palmer, Thomas \V. 


Dockery, Alexander M. 


Jones, Burr W. 


Cullom, Shelby M. 


Pike, Au.stin F. 


Dorsheimer, William. 


Jones, James H. 


Dawes, Henry L. 


Pendleton, George i;. 


Dowd, Clement. 


Jones, James K. 


Dolph, Joseph X. 


Piatt, Orville H. 


Duncan, William A. ^'Jones, James T.6 


Fair, James Graliam. 


Plumb, Preston B. 


Dunham, Ransom W. 


Jordan, Isaac M. 


P'arley, James Thompson 


I'ugh, James L. 


Dunn, Poindexter. 


Kassou, John A. 


Frye, William P. 


Ransom, Matt W. 


Eaton, William W. 


Kean, John, Jr. 


Garland, Augustus H. 


Riddleberger, H. H. 


Eldredge, Nathaniel But 


. Keifer, J. Warren. 


George, James Z. 


Sabin, Dwight M. 


Elliott, Mortimer F. 


Kelly, William 1). 


Gibson, Randall L. 


Saulsbury, Eli. 


Ellis, E. John. 


Kellogg, William P. 


Gorman, Arthur P. 


Sawyer, Philetus. 


EUwood, Reuben. 


Ketcham, John H. 


Groome, .Tames B. 


Sewell, William .1. 


Engli.sh, William E.4 


King, J. Floyd. 


Hale, Eugene. 


Sherman, John. 


Ermentrout, Daniel, 


Kleiner. John J. 


Hampton, Wade. 


Slater, James H. 


Evans, I. Newton. 


Lacey, Edward S. 


Harris, Isham G. 


Vance, Zebulon B. 


Everhart, James B. 


Laird, James. 


Harrison, Benjamin. 


Van Wyck, Charles It. 


Evins, John H. 


Lamb, John E. 


Hawley, Joseph R. 


Vest, George G. 


Ferrel, Thomas M. 


Lanham, Samuel W. T. 


Hill, Nathaniel P. 


Voorhees, Daniel W. 


Fiedler, William H. F. 


Lawrence, George Y. 


Hoar, George F. 


Walker, James D. 


Findlay, John V. L. 


Le Fevre, Benjamin. 


Ingalls, John James. 


Williams, John S. 


Finerty, John F. 


Lewis, Edward T.7 


Jackson, Howell Edmund 


<. Wilson, James F. 


Follett, John F. 


Libbey, Harry. 


1. Elected in place of H. B. Anthony.deceased. 


Foran, Martin \. 


Long, John D. 




^ 


B^orney, William H. 


Lore, Charles B. 


REPKESENT.VriVES. 


Fyan,' Robert W. 


Lovering, Henry B. 


John G. Carlisle, Speaker. 


Garrison, George T.o 


Lowry, Robert. 


Adams, George E. 


Brewer, Francis B. 


Geddes, George W. 


Lyman, Theodore. 


Adam.s, John J. 


Brewer, J. Hart. 


George, Melvin C. 


Mackey, E. W. M. 


Aiken, D. Wyatt. 


Broadhead, James (). 


Gibson, Eustace. 


Matson, Courtland C. 


Ale.xander, Armstead M. 


Brown, William Wallace. 


Glascock, John R. 


Maybury, William C 


.Anderson, John A. 


Browne, Thomas M. 


Goff, Nathan, Jr. 


Mayo, Robert M. 


.\rnot, John. 


Brumm, Charles N. 


Graves, .\lexander. 


McAdoo, William, 


Atkinson, Louis E. 


Buchanan, Hugh. 


Green, Wharton J. 


McCoid, Moses A. 


Barbour, John S. 


Buckner, Aylett H. 


Greenleaf, Halbert S. 


MeComas, Louis i: 


Barksdale, Ethelbert. 


Budd, James H. 


Guenther, Richard. 


McCormick, John W. 


Barr, Samuel F. 


Burleigh, Henry G. 


Halsell, John E. 


McKinlcy, Williani. .Ir. 


Bagley, John H., Jr. 


Barnes, James N. 


Hammond, Nathaniel J. 


McMillin, Benton. 


Ballentine, John G. 


Cabell, George C. 


Hanback, Lewis. 


Millard, Stephen C. 


Bayne, Thomas M. 


Caldwell, Andrew J. 


Hancock, John. 


Miller, James F. 


Beach, Lewis. 


Calkins, William II. 


Hardeman, Tliomas. 


Miller, Samuel H. 


Bellbrd, James B. 


Campbell, Felix. 


Hardy, John. 


Milliken, 3eth L. 


Belmont, Perry. 


Campbell, Jacob M.. 


Harmer, Alfred C. 


Mills, Roger Q. 


Bennett, Risden T. 


Candler, Allen D. 


Hart, Alphonso. 


Mitchell, Charles I,. 


Bingham, Henry H. 


Cannon, Joseph G. 


Haskell, Dudley C. 


Money, Hernando 1). 


Bisbee, Horatio, .Jr. 


Carleton, Ezra ('. 


Hatch, Herschel H. 


Morgan, Charles H. 


Blackburn, Joseph C. S. 


Cassidy, George W. 


Hatch, William H. 


Morey, Henry L. 


Blanchard Newton C. 


Chace, Jonathan. 


Haynes, Martin A. 


Morrill, Edmund N. 


Bland, Richard P. 


Clardy, Martin L. 


Hemphill, John J. 


Morrison, William R. 


Blount, James H. 


Clay James F. 


Henderson, David P.. 


Morse, Leopold. 


Boutelle, Charles A. 


Clements, Judson C. 


Henderson, Thomas .1. 


Moulton, Samuel W. 


Bowen, Henry. 


Cobb, Thomas R. 


Henley, Barclay. 


Muldrow, Henry L. 


Boyle, Charles E. 


Collins, Patrick A. 


Hepburn. William P. 


Muller, Nicholas. 


Brainerd, Samuel M. 


Connolly, Daniel \V. y 


'Herbert, Hilary P. 


Murphy, Jeremiah H. 


Bratton, John. 1 


Converse, George L. 


Herndon, Thomas H. 


Murray, Robert M. 


Breckcnridge, Clifton R. 


Cook, John. C. 2 


Herron, Andrew S. 


Mutchler, William. 


Bxeitung, Edward. 


Cosgrove, John. 


Hewitt, Abram S. 


Neece, WiUiam. 



TAliULAK KECUKUS. 



Ixxv 



Nelson, Knute. 

Nicliolls, John (;,. 

>Nutting, Newton \V. 
•^ Gates, William V. 

Ochiltree, Thomas 1\ 

O'Ferra'l, Charles 'I-.S 

O' I lara, J ames E. 

O'Xeill, Charles. 

DXeill, John J. 

I'^iige, David K'. 

Parker, Abraham X. 

Patten, John D. 

Payne, Sereuo E. 

Payson, Lewis E. 

Peel, Samuel W. 

Peelle, Stanton J. 

Perkins, Bishop W. 

Peters, Samuel R. 

Pettibone. Augustus H. 

Phelps, William Walter 

Pierce. Kice A. 

Poland, Luke P. 
^ Poole, Walter R. 

Post, Georf^e .\. 
[ Potter, Orlando. P.. 
1 Price, William Tr 

Pryor, Luke, x**^ 

Pusey, William H. .M 
I Randall, Samuel J. 
I Rankin, Joseph. 

Raiiney, Ambrose A. 

Ray, George W. 

Ray, Ossian. 

Reagan, ,Iohn H. 

Reed, Thomas B. 

Reese, Seaborn. 

Rice, William W. 

Riggs, James M. 

Robertson, Thomas .\. 

Robinson, George I). 

Robinson, .lames S. 

Robinson, William E. 

Rockwell, Francis P. !i 

Rogers, .John H. 

Rogers, William F. 

Rosecrans, William S. 

Rowoll, .Jonathan H. 

Russell, William A. 

Ryan, Thomas. 

Scales, Alfred M. 

Seney, George E. 

Seymour, Edward \V 

Shaw, Aaron. 
/^Shelly, Charles M. 

Singleton, Otho R. 

Skinner, Charles R. 

Skinner. Thomas G.; 

Slocum, Henry \V. 

Smalls, Kobert.ll 

Smith, A. Herr. 

Smith, Hiram Y.12 

Snyder, Charles P. 

Spooner, Henry J. 



Spriggs, .J. T. 
Springer, William .M. 
Steele, George W. 
Stephenson, Isaac. 
Stevens, Robert S. 
Stewart, Charles. 
Stewart, John W. 
Stockslager, Strother M. 
Stone, Eben F. 
Storm, John B. 
Strait, Horace B. 
Struble, Isaac S. 
Sumner, Charles A. 
Sumner, Daniel H. 
Swope, John A. 13 
Talbott, .J. Frederick C. 
Taylor, Ezra 1!. 
Taylor, John M. 
Taylor, Joseph D. 
Thomas, John R. 
Thompson, Philip B.,, Jr. 
Throckmorton, James W. 
Tillman, George D. 
Townshend, Richard W. 
Tucker, John Kan lolph. 
TuUy, Pleasant B. 
Turner, Henry G. 
Turner, Oscar. 
Valentine, Edward K. 
Van Alstyne, Thomas .J. 
Vance, Robert B. 
Van Eaton. Henry S. 
Wadsworth, James W. 
Wait, John T. 
Wakefield, James B. 
Wallace, .Jonathan H.14 
Ward, Thomas B. 
Warner, A. J. 
Warner, Richard. 
Washburn. William D. 
Weaver, Archibald J. 
Wellborn, Uliu. 
Weller, L. H. 
Wemple, Edward. 
White, John D. 
White, Milo. 
Whiting, William. 
Wilkins, Beriali 
^'TVilliams, Thomas. 
Willis, Albert S. 
Wilson, James. 
Wilson. William L. 
Winans, Edwin B. 
Winans, John. 
Wise, George D. 
Wise, John S. 
Wolford, Frank L. 
Wood, Th.imas.I. 
Woodward, Gilbert N. 
Worthington. Xichola,'' E. 
Yaple, (ieorge L. 
York, Tyre. 
Young, Casev. 



12. Elected in place of John A. Kasson. resigned. 

13. Elected in place of William A. Duncan, decca.sed. 

14. Successfully contested the seat of William Mc- 
Kinley, Jr. 

Territorial Delegates. 



Brents. Thomas H. 
Caine. .lohn T. 
I. una. Tranquilino. 
.Maginnis, Martin. 



Oury, Granville H. 
Post, Morton E. 
Raymond, John P. 
Singiser, Theodon F. 



THE FORTY-NINTH CONGRESS 

Senators. 



John Sherman, 
AUlrich, Nelson W. 
Allison, William B. 
Bayard, Thomas F. 
Beck, James B. 
Berry, .James H.l 
Blackburn, Joseph C. S. 
Blair, Henry W. 
Bowen, Thomas M. 
Brown, Joseph E. 
Butler, M. C. 
Call, Wilkinson. 
Camden, Johnson N. 
Cameron, J. D. 
Chace, .Jonathan. 
Cockrell, Francis M. 
Coke, Richard. 
Colquitt, Alfred H. 
Conger, Omar D. 
Cullbm, Shelby M. 
Dawes, Henry L. 
Dolph, .Joseph N. 
Edmunds, George F. 
Eustis, James 1!. 
Evarts, William M. 
Fair, .lames G. 
Farley, .James T. 
Frye, William I*. 
Garland, A. H. 
George, James Z. 
Gibson, Randall L. 
Gorman. Arthur P. 
Gray, George. '-i 
Hale, Eugene. 
Hampton, Wade. 
Harris, Isham G. 
Harrison, Benjamin. 
Hawley. Joseph R. 
Hearst, George. 3 
Hoar, George F. 
Ingalls, .John J. 



1. Elected in place of .John H. Evins, deceased. 
2. Elected in place of M. E. Cutts, deceased. 3. 
Elected in place of Jonathan Chace, chosen United 
States Senator. 4. Successfully contested the seat of 
Stanton .1. I'eele. 5. Successfully conti'sted the seat 
of R. M. Mayo. (>. Elected in place of Thomas H. 
Herndon. deceased. 7. Elected in place of A. S. 
Hcrron, ileceased. 8. Successfully contested the 
seat of John Paul. 9. Elected in place of Gorge 
D. Robinson, cho.scn Governor of Mas.sachusetts. 10. 
Elected in place of W. K. Poole, dece.-i.sed. 11. 
Elected in place of E. W. M. Mackey, deceased 



President pro lent. 

.Jackson, Howell E. 

.Jones, Charles W. 

.Jones, James K. 

Jones, John P. 

Kenna, John E. 

Lamar, L. Q. C. 

Logan, John A. 

McMillan, Samuel .1. 14. 

McPherson, John K. 

Mahone, William. 
. Manderson, Charles F. 

Maxey, Samuel B. 

Miller, John F. 

Miller, Warner. 

Mitchell. John H. 

Mitchell, .John I. 

Morgan, .John T. 

Morrill. Justin S. 

Palmer. Thomas W. 

Pajne, Henry B. 

Pike, Austin F. 

Piatt, Orville H. 

Plumb, Preston B. 

Pugh, .James L. 

Ransom, Matt W. 

Riddleberger. Harrison !I. 

Sabin, Dwight M 

Saulsbury, Eli. 

Sawyer, Philetus. 

Sewell, William J. 

Spooner, .lohn C. 

Stanford, Lcland.4 

Teller, Henry M. 

Vance. Zebnlon B. 

Van Wyck, Charles H, 

Vest, George G. 

Voorhees, Daniel W. 

Walthall, E. C.5 

Wilson, Ephraim K. 

Wilson, James F. 



1. Elected in place of A. H. Garland, resigned. 
2. Elected in place of T. F. Bayard, resigned. 3. Ap- 
pointed in place of J. T. Farley, deceased. 4. Elected 
in place of J. T. Farley, deceased. 5. Elected in 
place of L. Q. 0. Lamar, resigned. 

Representatives. 



John O. 
.Vdams, George E. 
Ailania, John J. 
.Viken, D. Wvatt. 
Allen, Charles H. 
.Vllen, John M. 
Anderson, Charles M. 
Anderson, John A. 
Arnol, .John, Jr. 
.Atkinson, Louis E. 
Baker, Charles S. 
Ballentine, .lohn G. 
Barbour, .lohn S. 



Carlisle, Speaker. 

Barksdale, Etlielbert. 
Barnes, George T. 
Barry, F. G. 
Bayne, Thomas M. 
Beach. Lewis. 
Belmont, Pcury. 
Bennett. Kisdjjn T. 
Bingham. Henry H. 
Blanchard. Newton C. 
Bland, Kichard P. 
Bliss, Archibahl M. 
Blount, .lames II. 



I X y \ I 



T A B U L A K E E C U K D S . 



Bound, Frankliu. 
Boutelle, Charles A. 
Boyle, Charles E. 
Brady, James D. 
Bragg, Edward S. 
Breckenridge, Clifton 
Breckenridge, Wm. ( 
Brown, Charles E. 
Brown, William W. 
Browne, Thomas M 
Brumm, C. N. 
Buchanan. James. 
Buck, John R. 
Bunnell, Frank C. 
Burleigh, Henry G. 
Burnes, James N. 
Burrows, Julius C. 
Butterworth, Benjamin 
Bynum, William 1>. 
Cabell, George C. 
Caldwell, Andrew J. 
Campbell, Felix. 
Campbell, Jacob M. 
Campbell, James E. 
Campbell, Timothy .1. 
Candler, Allen D. 
Cannon, Joseph 6. 
Carleton, Ezra C. 
Caifwell, Lucien B. 
Catchings, Thomas ( ' 
Clardy, Martin L. 
Clements, Judson C. 
Cobb, Thomas R. 
Cole, William H. 
Collins, Patrick A. 
Compton, Barnes. 
Comstock. Charles ( . 
Conger, Edwin H. 
Cooper, William C. 
Cowles, William H. 1 1 
Cox, William R. 
Crain, William H. 
Crisp, Charles F. 
Croxton, Thomas. 
Culbei-son, David !"■. 
Curtin, Andrew G. 
Outcheon, Byron M. 
Daniel, John W. 
Dargau, George W. 
i)avenport, Iva. 
'Davidson, Alexander (' 
Davidson, Robert H. M 
Davis, Robert T. 
Dawson. William. 
Dibble. Samuel. 
Dingley. Kelson, Jr. 
Dockery, Alexander M 
Dorsey, George W. E. 
Dougherty, Charles. 
Dowdney, Abram. 
Dunham, Ransom \\ , 
Dunn, Poindexter. 
Eden, John R. 
Eldredge, Nathaniel B 
EUsberry, William W. 
Ely, Frederick D. 
Ermentrout, Daniel. 
Evans, I. Newton. 
Everhart, James B. 
Farquhar. John M. 
Felton, Charles N. 
Findlay. John V. h. 
Fisher, Spencer 0. 
Fleeger, George W. 
Foran, Martin A. 



Ford, George. 

Forney, William H. 

Frederick, Ben. T. 

Fuller, William E. 

Funston, E. H. 
;. Gallinger, Jacob H. 
r. Gay, Edward J. 

Geddes, George W. 

Gibson, Charles H. 

Gibson, Eustace. 

Gilflllan, John B. 

Glass, P. T. 

Glover, John M. 

Golf, Nathan, Jr. 

Green, Robert S. 

Green, Wharton .T. 

Grosvenor. Charles H. 

Grout, William W. 

Guenther, Richard. 

Hahn, Michael. 

Hale, John B. 

Hall, Benton J. 

Halsell, John E. 

Hammond, N. J. 

Hanback, Lewis. 

Harmer, Alfred C. 

Harris, Henrv R. 

Hatch, William H. 

Hayden, Edward D. 

Haynes, Martin A. 

Heard, John T. 

Hemphill, John J. 

Henderson, David B. 

Henderson, John S. 

Henderson, Thomas J. 

Henley, Barclay. 

Hepburn, William P. 
y.^TIerbert, Hilary A. 

Herman, Binger. 

Hewitt, Abram S. 

Hiestand, John A. 

Hill, William D. 

Hires, George. 

Hiscock, Frank. 

Hitt, Robert R. 

Holman, William S. 

Holmes, Adoniram J. 

Hopkins, A. J. 

Houk. Leonidas C. 

Howard, Jonas G. 

Hutton, John E. 

Irion, Alfred B. 

Jackson, Oscar L. 

James, Darwin R. 

.lohnson, Frederick .V. 

.Johnston, James T. 

.Johnston, Thomas I). 

.Tones, James H. 
^^<Toues, James T. 

ICelly, William D. 

Ivetcham, John H. 

King, J. Floyd. 

Kleiner, John J. 

Laftbon, Polk. 

La Follette, Robei I M. 

Laird, James. 

Landes, Silas Z. 

Lanham. Samuel W. T. 

Lawler, Frank. 

Le Fevre, Benjamin. 

Lehlbach, Herm m 

Libbey, Harry. 

Lindsley, Janus G. 

Little, John. 

Long. John D. 



>rr 



Lore. Charles B. 
Lonttit, J. A. 
liOvering, Henry B. 
Lowry, Robert. 
Lyman, Joseph. 
McAdoo, William. 
McComas, Louis E. 
McCreary, James B. 
McKenna. Joseph. 
McKinle.v, William. .Ir 
McMillin, Benton. 
McRae, Thomas C. 
Mahonev, Peter P. 
Markham, H. H. 
artin, John M. 
Matson, Courtland C. 
Maybury, William C. 
Merriman, Truman A. 
Jlillard, Stephen C. 
Miller, James F. 
Milliken, Seth L. 
Mills, Roger Q. 
Mitchell, Charles L. 
Mofiatt, Seth C. 
Morgan, J. B. 
Morrill, Edmnnd N. 
Morrison, William R. 
Morrow. William W. 
Mnller, Nicholas. 
Murphy, Jeremiah II 
Neal, John R. 
Neece, William H. 
Negley, .Tames S. 
Nelson, Knute. 
Norwood, Thomas 51. 
Gates, William C. 
O'Donnel, James. 
O'Ferrall. CharU-s T. 
(J'Hara, J.ames E. 
O'Neill, Charles. 
O'Neill, John J. 
Osborne, Edwin S. 
Outhwaite, .Joseph H. 
Owen, William 1>. 
Parker, Abraham X. 
Payne. Sereno E. 
I'ay.son, Lewis E. 
Peel, Samuel W. 
Perkins, Bishop W. 
Perry, William H. 
Petere, Samuel R. 
Pettibone, Augustus H. 
Phelps, William W. 
Pidcock, James N. 
Pindar, John S. 
Pirce, William A. 
Plumb, Ralph. 
Price, William T. 
Pulitzer, Joseph. 
Randall, Samuel J. 
Rankin, Joseph. 
Kanney, Ambrose A. 
Reagan. John H. 
Reed, Thomas B. 
Reese, Seaborn. 
Reid, James W. 
Rice, William W. 
Richardson, .T. D. 
Riggs, James M. 
Robertson, Thomas A 
Riclcwell, Francis W. 
Rogers, John H. 
Riimeis, Jacob. 
Rowell, Jonathan H. 
Ryan, Thomas. 



y Sadler, Thomas W. 
Sawyer, .John G. 
Sayers, Joseph D. 
Scott, William L. 
Scranton, Joseph A. 
Seney, George E. 
Sessions, Walter R. 
Seymour, Edward W. 
Shaw. Frank T. 
Singleton, Otho R. 
Skinner, Thomas G. 
Smalls, Robert. 
Snyder, Charles P. 
Sowden, William H. 
Spooner, Henry J. 
Spriggs, J. Thomas. 
Springer, William il, 
Stahlnecker. William G. 
Steele, George W. 
Stephenson. Isaac. 
Stewart, Charles. 
Stewart, John W, 
St. Martin. Louis. 
Stone, Eben F. 
Stone, William .1. 
Stone, William .1. 
Storm, John B. 
Strait, Horace B. 
Struble, Isaac S. 
Swinburne, John. 
Swope, John A. 
Symes, George G. 
Tarsney, Timothv E. 
Tuulbee, W. P. 
Taylor, Ezra B. 
Tavlor, Isaac H. 
Taylor, John M. 
Taylor, Zachary. 
Thomas, John R. 
Thomas, Ormsby B. 
Thompson, Albert C. 
Throckmorton. James W. 
Tillman, George D. 
Townshend, Richard W. 
Trigg. Connelly F. 
Tui^ker. John Randolph. 
Turner, Henry G. 
Van Eaton, Henry S. 
Van Sliaick, Isaac W. 
Viele. Kgbert L. 
Wade. William H. 
Wadsworth, W. H. 
Wait, .fohn T. 
Wakefield, James B. 
Ward, James H. 
Ward, Thomas B. 
Warner, A. J. 
Warner, William. 
Weaver, Archibald .1. 
Weaver, James B. 
Weber. John B. 
Wellborn, Olin. 
West. George. 
^Wheeler, .Joseph. 
White. Alexander G. 
White, Milo. 
Whiting, William 
Wilkins. Beriah. 
AVillis, Albert S. 
Wilson, W. L. 
Winans, Edwin B. 
Wise, George D. 
Wolfoid, Frank L. 
Woodlv.irn, William 
Worthington. Xirliolas E. 



TABULAK RECORDS. 



1 .\ x \ ii 



Terrilorial Delegates. 
Bean, Curtis C. Hailey, John. ^ 



Caine, John T. 
Carey, Joseph M. 
Gilford, Oscar S. 



Joseph, Antonio. 
Toole, Joseph K. 
Voorhees, Charle,- S. 



SECRETARIES OF THE SENAli:. 
Katne and State. Elfclcd. 

Samuel Allvne Otis, Mass April 8, 1789. 

Charles Cutts, N. H Oct. 11, 1814. 

Walter Lowrie, Pa Dec. 12,1825. 

Asbury Dickens, N. C Dec. 12,1836. 

John \V. Forney, Pa July 15, Ir^i 1, 

George C. Gorham, Cala June 4, 1868. 

John C. Burch, Tenn March 24. 1671). 

F. E. Shober, (acting) N. C Oct. 25, 1681. 

Anson G. McCook, N. Y Dec. 18, 1883. 

I CLERKS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTA- 



TIVES. 



Xiiiiie and Slate. 



Elected. 



.lohn Beckley, Va April 

Jonathan W Coiitlv. Pa Mav 

.John Holt Oswald." Pa...... Dec. 

John Beckley, Va Dec. 

Patrick Magruder, Md Oct. 

Thomas Dougherty, Kj' Jan. 

Matthews. Clarke, Pa Dec. 

Walters. Franklin, Pa Dec. 

Hugh A. Garland, Va Dec. 

Matthews. Clarke, Pa May 

Caleb J. McNuIty, Ohio Dec. 

Benjamin B. Fn/nch, X. H Jan. 

Thomas J. Campbell, Tenn :....Dec. 

Richard M. Young. Ill April 17, 

John W. Forney, Pa Dec. 

William Cullom. Tenn Feb. 

James C. Allen, 111 Dec. 

John W. Forney. Pa Feb. 

Emerson Etheridge, Tenn July 

Edward McPliersou, Pa Dec. 

George M. Adams, Ky Dec. 

Edward McPhcrson, Pa Dec. 

John B. Clark, Jr., Mo Dec. 

THE EXECUTIVE. 

PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. 



1, 


178!) 


15, 


1797 


9, 


18l)(l 


/, 


1801 


26, 


1807 


30, 


1815 


3, 


1822 


o 


1833 


3, 


1838 


31, 


1841 


6, 


1813 


18, 


1845 


7, 


1847 


17, 


1850 


1, 


1851. 


4, 


1856 


6, 


1857 


3, 


1860 


4, 


1801 


8, 


1803 


6, 


1875 


5, 


1881 


4, 


1883 



Xumber and Nanif. 



Qualified. 



1. George Washington April 30, 

George Washington March 4 

2. John Adams March 

3. Thojnas .feftersoii March 

Thooias Jeft'ersou March 

4. Jaiijes Madison March 

James Madison March 

James Monroe JIarch 

Jaiyes Mo«roe March 

(j. John Quincy Adams March 

7. Andrew Jwksoii March 

Andrew .Jackson March 

8. Martin Van Buren March 

' 9. William H. Harrison. 1 March 

10. John Tyler .' April 

11. James K. Polk March 

12. Zachary Taylor.l March 

13. MiHard Fillmore July 

14. Franklin Pierce March 

15. .fames Buchauan March 4 

x*'. ;- Abialiam Lincoln March 4, 

13. V\i.braham LinC3ln.l March 1 

^^1•^dre^v Johnson April 15 

14 lU^' sses S. Grant March 4 

sesS. Grant March 4 



1789. 

1793 

1797. 

1801. 

1805. 

1S09, 

1813. 

1817. 

18-.>] 

1825. 

1829. 

1833. 

1837. 

1841. 

1841. 

1845. 

1819. 

1850. 

1853. 

1857. 

1861. 

1805. 

1865. 

18G9. 

1873. 



19. Rutherford B. Hayes March .".,1377- 

20. James A. Cartield'.l JIarch 4, 1881. 

21. Chester A. Arthur Sept. 20, 1881. 

22. Grover Cleveland March 4,1885. 

1. Died in office. 

SECRi:r.\KIES 01-' STATE. 

Nwnber and Name. Appointed. 

1. Thomas Jefferson Sept. 26,1789. 

Thomas Jefferson March 4, 1793. 

2. Edmund RandnlpM Jan. 2, 1794. 

3. Timothy Pickering Dec. 10, 1795. 

Timothy Pickeriii'.; March 4, 1797, 

4. John Marshall May 13, 1300, 

5. James Madison March 5, 1601. 

James Madison March 4, 1805. 

6. EobertSmith March 6,1809, 

7. James Monioc April 2, 1811. 

James Monroe March 4, 1813. 

s. John Quincy Adams March 5, 1817. 

John Quincy Adams March 5, 1821. 

9. HenryClay March 7,1825. 

10. Martin Van Biircn March 6,1829. 

11. Edward Livingston May 24,1831. 

12. Louis McLane May 29, 1833. 

13. John Forsyth June 27,1834. 

John Forsyth March 4, 1837. 

14. Daniel Webster March 5,1841. 

Daniel Webster April 6, 1841. 

15. Hughs. Legarc May 9,1843. 

16. Abel P. Upshur July 24,1843. 

17. John C. Calhoun March 6,1844. 

18. James Buchanan March 6, 184.5. 

19. John M. Clayton March 7,1849. 

Daniel Webster July 22, 1850. 

20. Edward Everett Nov. 6,1852. 

21. William L. Marcy March 7,1853. 

22. Lewis Cass March 6, 1857. 

•23. Jeremiahs. Black Dec. 17,1860. 

24. William H. Seward March 5, 1861. 

William H. Seward March 4, 1865. 

William H. Seward April 15, 1865. 

•25. Elihu B. Washburnc March 5, 1869. 

■26. Hamilton Fish March 11, 1869. 

Hamilton Fish March 4,1873. 

27. William M. Evarts March 1^2, 1877. 

23. James G. Blaine March 5, 1881. 

■29. F. T. Frelinghuysen Dec. 12, 1881. 

.SO. T. F. Bayard March 6. 1835. 

SECBETARIES OF THE TREASURY. 

Number and Name. Appointtd. 

1. Alexander Hamilton Sept. 11,1789. 

" " March 4, 1793. 

•2. Oliver Walcott Feb. 2, 1795. 

" " March 4, 1797. 

3. Samuel Dexter Jan. 1,1801. 

1. Albert Gallatin May 14, 1801. 

" " March 4, 1809. 

" " March 4, 1813. 

5. George W. Campbell Feb. 9,1814. 

6. Alexander J. Dallas Oct. 6,1814. 

7. William H. Crawford Oct. 22 1816* 

March 5, I8I7! 

March 5, 18-21. 

8. Richard Rush March 7,1825. 

9. Samuel D. Ingham March 6, 1829. 

10. Louis McLane Aug. 2. 1831. 

11. William J. Du.ine May 29,1833! 

12. Roger B.Taney Sept. -23,1833! 

13. Levi Woodbury June 27,18.34. 

March 4, 1837. 

14. Thomas Ewing March 5,1841. 

•' April 6, 1841. 



Ixxviii 



TABULAR KECOKDS. 



15. Walter Forward Hept. 13,1841. 

16. .Tohn C. Spencer March 3,1843. 

17. George M. Bibb Tune 15, 1844 

18. Robert J. Walkei March 6,1845 

19. William M. Meredith March 8,1849. 

20. Thomas Corvvin Jxil.v ---'3, 1850- 

21. .Tames Guthrie March 7, 1853 

22. Howell Cobb March 6,1853. 

■>:i. Philip F. Thomas Dec. 12,1860. 

24. JohnA. Dix Jan. 11, 18G1. 

25. Salmon B. Chase March 7, 1861. 

26. William P. Fessenden July 1,1864 

27. Hugh McCulloch March 7,1865 

«' " April 15, 1865 

28. Georges. Boutwell Marcbll. 1869 

29. William A. Richardson Marchl7, 1873. 

30. Beniamin H. Bristow June 4, 1874. 

.31. Lot'M. Morrill July 7, 1876. 

32. John Sherman March 8, 1877. 

33. William Windom March 5, 1881. 

34. Charles J. Folger Oct. 27,1881. 

35. Walter R. Gresham Oct. 24, 1884. 

36. Hngh MoCnlloch Oct. 28.1884. 

37. Daniel Manning March 6, 1885. 

SEt'EET,\EIES OF WAE. 
Number and Name. Appointed. 

1. Henry Knox Sept. 12, 1789. 

" March 4, 1793. 

3. Timothy Pickering Jan. 2, 1795. 

3. James McHenrv Jan. 27, 1796. 

" ' March 4, 1797. 

4. Samuel Dexter Mav 13,1800. 

.5. Roger Griswold Feb. 3, 1801. 

6. Henry Dearborn March 5. 1801. 

" " March 4, 1805. 

7. William Enstis March 7, 1809. 

8. John Armstrong Jan. 13, 1813. 

March 4, 1813. 

9. .Tames Monroe Sept. 27, 1814. 

10. William H. Crawford Aug. 1,1815. 

11. George Graham ad interim. 

12. John C. Calhoun Oct. 8,1817. 

March .5, 1821. 

13. James E.arbour March 7, 1825. 

14. Peter B. Porter May 26, 1828. 

15. John H. Eaten March 9, 1829. 

16. Lewis Cass Aug. 1, 1831. 

" " March 4, 1833. 

17. Joel R. Poin.sett March 7, 1837. 

18. .Tohn Bell March 5,1841. 

" April 6, 1841. 

19. John C. Spencer Oct. 12,1841. 

20. .Tames M. Porter March 8, 1843. 

21. Willi.ira Wilkins Feb. 15,1844. 

22. William L. Marcy March 6, 1845. 

23. George W. Crawford March 8.1849. 

24. Charles M. Conrad Aug. 15', 1850. 

25. Jeiferson Davis March 5, 1853. 

26. John B. Floyd March 6,1857. 

27. Jcseph Holt Jan. 18, 1861. 

28. Simon Cameron March 5, 1861. 

29. Edwin M. Stanton Tan. 15, 1862. 

" " March 4, 1865. 

" April 15, 1865. 

30. XHysses S. Gr.int, ad int Aug. 12, 1867. 

31. Lorenzo Thomas, " Feb. 21,1868. 

32. John M. Schofield May 28, 1808. 

33. JohnA. Rawlins Marchll, 1869. 

34. William T. Sherman Sept. 9, 1869. 

35. William W. Belknap Oct. 25, 1^. 

" March 4, 1873. 

36. A!phon.so Taft March 8, 1876. 

37. ,Tanie.s I). Cameron May 22, 1876. 



38. George W. McCrary March 12, 1877. 

39. Alexander Ramsey Dec. 10, 1870. 

40. Robert T. Lincoln March 5,1881. 

41. William f. Fndlcott March 6,1885. 



SECRETARIES OF THE XAVY. 

Numher ami Xaiiie. Appointed. 

1. Benjamin Stoddert May 21, 1798. 

March 4, 1801. 

2. RobertSmith Tuly 15,18(11. 

3. J. Crowninshield March 3,1^05. 

4. Paul Hamilton March 7, 1809. 

5. William Jones Jan. 12,1813. 

" March 4, 1813. 

6. B. W. Crowninshield Dec. 19,1814. 

" " March 4, 1817. 

7. Smith Thompson Nov. 9, 1818. 

" ■' March 5, 1821. 

8. Samuel L. Southard Sept. 16, 1823. 

" '• March 4, 1825. 

9. .Tohn Branch March 9,1829. 

10. Levi Woodbury May 23,1831. 

March 4, 18.33. 

11. Mahlon Dickerson .' June 30,1834. 

" " March 4, 1837. 

12. .Tames K. Pauldinu June 25, 1838. 

13. George E. Badger March 5,1841. 

April 6, 1841. 

14. Abel P. Upshur Sept. 13, 1841. 

15. D.avid Henshaw July 24, 184:;. 

16. Thomas W. Gilmer Feb. 1,5, 1844. 

17. John Y. Mason .Marchl4, 1844. 

18. George Bancroft M.archlO, 1845. 

19. John Y. Mason Sept. 9, 1846. 

20. William B. Preston March 8,1849. 

21. William A. Graham Inly 22,1850. 

22. ,lohn P. Kennedy luly 22, 1852. 

23. James C. Dobbin March 7, 1853. 

24. Isaac Toucev March 6,1857. 

25. Gideon Welles March 5, 1861. 

" " March 4, 1865. 

" " April 15, 186.5. 

26. Adolph E. Borie March 5,1869. 

27. George M. Robeson June 25,1869. 

" March 4, 1873. 

28. Richard W Thompson ..March 12, 1877. 

29. Nathan Gotf, Jr Tan. 6, 1881. 

30. William H. Hunt March .5, 1S81. 

31. William E. Chiindler April 1,1882. 

32. William C. Whitney March 6,188,5. 

SECKETAEIES OF THE INTEEIOE. 

N^umber and Name. Appointed. 

1. ThomasEwing March 8,1849. 

2. Alex. H. H. Stuart Sept. 12, 1850. 

3. Robert McClelland March 7, 1853. 

4. Jacob Thompson March 6, 1857. 

5. Caleb B. Smith March 5,1861. 

6. .Tohn P. Usher Jan. 8, 1863. 

" " March 4, 1865. 

" April 15, 1865. 

7. .Tames Harlan May 15,1805. 

8. OrvilleH. Browning July 27, 1866. 

9. Jacob D. Cox March 5,1869. 

10. Columbus Delano Nov. 1, 1870. 

" March 4, 1873. 

11. Zachariah Chandler Oct. 19,1875. 

12. Carl Schnrz Marchl2, 18" 

13. Samuel J. Kirkwood March 5,1^ 

14. Henrv M. Teller April 6, 1? 

15. L. Q. C. Lamar March 6,1* li- 



TABULAK KECUIJDS. 



Ixxix 



POSTMASTKES-GENEBAL. 
A'iniibrr and Name. Appointed. 

1. Samuel Osgood , Sept. 2G, 1789. 

2. Timothy Pickeriug Aug. 12,1791. 

March 4, 1793. 

3. .loseph Habersham Feb. 25, 179.5. 

" " March 4, 179T. 

" March 4, 1801. 

4. Gideon Granger Nov. 28, 1801. 

'• March 4, 1805. 

" March 4, 1809. 

5. Return J. Meigs. ,Tr Marchl7, 1814. 

March 4, 1817. 

" " March 5, 1821. 

6. John McLean Inne 26,1823. 

" ■• March 4, 1825. 

7. ■William T. Barry March 9, 1829. 

" " March 4, 1833. 

8. AmosKendall May 1,1835. 

" " March 4, 1837. 

9. John M. Miles May 25, 1840. 

10. Francis Granger March 6, 1841. 

.\pril 6,1841. 

11. Charles A. Wickliffe Sept. 13,1841. 

12. CaveJohnson March 6,1845. 

13. Jacob Collamer March 8,1849. 

14. NathanK. Hall July 23, 1H50. 

15. Samuel D. Hubbard Aug. 31,1852. 

Ki. James Campbell March 5,1853. 

17. Aaron V. Brown ...March 6,185^. 

18. .Joseph Holt Marchl4, ]85y. 

19 Horatio King Feb. 12, 1861. 

20. .Montgomery Blair March .">. 1861. 

21. William Dennison Sept. 24. 1864. 

" " March 4, 1865. 

" " April 15, 1865. 

22. Alexander W. Randall Inlv 2.5,1866. 

23. John \. J. Creswell -March 5, 1869. 

" •' March 4. 1873. 

24. James W. Mai-shall luly 7,1874. 

25. Marshall Jewell Aug. 24,1874. 

26. James K. Tjner Tulv 12. 1876. 

27. David McK. Key March 12, 1877. 

2S. Horace Maynard Tune 2, 1880. 

29. Thomas L. James March 5,1881. 

30. Timothy O. Howe Dec. 20, 1881. 

31. Walter'Q: Gresham .\pril 3, 1883. 

33. Frank Hatton Oct. 14,1884. 

33. William F. VUas March 6,1885. 

ATTOBNBYS-QENEEAL. 

Niimber and Name. Appointed. 

1 Edmund Randolph Sept. 26,1789. 

" " March 4. 1793. 

U. William Bradford Jan. 27, 1794. 

3. Charles Lee Dec. 10,179.5. 

" " March 4, 1797. 

4. Theophilus Par.sons Feb. 20,1801. 

5. Levi Lincoln March .5,1801 

6. Robert Smith March 3, 1805. 

7. John Breckearidne Aug. 7, 18'i.5. 

8. Csesar A. Rodn v Jan. 28, 1807. 

March 4, 1809. 

9. William Pinknev Dec. 11,1811. 

'• ' March 4, 1813. 

10. Richard Rush Feb. 10,1814. 

" March 4, 1817. 

IL William Wirt Nov. 13,1817 

" " March 5, 1821. 

" " March 4, 1S25 

12. John M. Bovrien March 9, 1829. 

13. Roger B. Taney July 20,1831. 

" March 4, 18:53. 

14. J'.enjamin F. Butler Nov. 15,1833 

■" " March 4, 1837. 



15. 
16. 
17. 

18. 
19. 
20. 
21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 
I 26. 
27. 
28. 

29, 



Felix Grundy July 5, 183^. 

Henry D. Gilpin Jan. 11, 1840. 

John J. Crittenden March 5, 1841. 

April 6, 1841. 

Hugh S. Legare Sept. 13, 1841. 

John Nelson July 1, 1843. 

John Y. Mason March 6, 1845. 

Nathan Cliflbnl Oct. 17, 1846. 

Isaac Toucey June 21, 1848. 

Reverdy John.son March 8, 1849, 

John J. Crittenden July 22, 1850. 

Caleb Cashing March 7, l>-'.">:!. 

Jeremiah S. Black March 0, ls.57. 

Kdwin M. Stanton Dec. 20, 1860. 

Edward Bates March 5, 1861. 

Titian J. Cofley, adint June 22, 1863. 

James Speed Dec. 2, 1864. 

" " March 4, 1865. 

" " April 15, 186.->. 

Henry Stanberv July 23, 1866. 

William M. Evarts .July 15, 1868. 

E. Rockwood Hoar March 5, 1869. 

Amos T. Akerman June 23, 1870. 

George H. Williams Dec. 14, 1871. 

" March 4, 1873. 

Edward I'ierrepont April 26, 1875. 

AlphonsoTaft May 22, 1876. 

Charles Devens March 12, 1877. 

Wayne McVeafjh March 5, 1881. 

Benjamin H. Brewster Dec. 19, 1881. 

A. H. Garland March 6, 1885. 



EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE CIVIL 

SERVICE. 
[officially pbepaked fob this volume.] 

While the Constitution specifies no man as an ex- 
ecutive officer excepting the President, his Cabinet 
Ministei-s have always shared the title with him. 
The real executive officers of the General Govern- 
mtnt, however, are the chiefs of the bureaus of tlie 
several departments. They are the men, moreover, 
with whom the people come more directly in contact 
while attending to business in Washington. The 
following is an authentic list of such officers whu 
have held app lintments since the foundation of the 
government And here the compiler desires to state 
that where the ilate.-; :ire omitted it is because the 
records of the officers are incomplete; and also that 
it has been impossible for him to separate the dates 
of appointment from those of confirmation by the 
Senate, several months having occasionally elapsed 
between the dates. 

DEPARTMENT OF STATE. 
[Three .•issistant Secretaries.] 

ASSISTANT SECRETARIES. 

< Name. ^ Aj,i,ointed. 

I .\. Dudley Mann .M.irch 23, 1853. 

'■ William Hunter May 8, ]8>55. 

' John A. Thomas Nov. 1, 1855. 

I John .\ppleton Vpril 4, 18.57. 

I Frederick W. Seward March 6, 1861. 

William Hunter luly 37. 1866. 

i J. C. Bancroft Davis .March 25, !8(iH. 

John L. Cadwalader July 1, ls!74. 

.John A. Campbell Feb. 24, 1875 ' 

I Frederick W. Seward MarchUi, 1877; 

I Charles Paysou Jane ll. 1878 

John Hay Nov. 1, 18 9 

J. C. Bancroft Davis Dec. 19. l€81. 

I John Davis July 8,1882. 

Alvey A. Adee July 18, 1882. 

James D. Porter May 20, 1RS5. 



Ixxx 



TABULAE RECORDS. 



DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY. 
[Tno Assistant Secretaries.] 

ASSISTANT SECEETAEIES. 
Name. Appointed. 

Tench Coxe Sept. 11, 1789. 

(Oflice abolislied .IiiQe 30, 1792.) 

Charles B. Penrose Marchl2, 1849. 

Allen A. Hall Oct. 10, 1849. 

William L. Hod.i;e Nov. 16, 185(1. 

Peter G. Washington JIarch 4, 1853. 

Philip Clayton March 13, 1858. 

George Harrington March 13, 1861. 

M. W. Field MarchlS, 1864. 

William E. Chandler June 5, 1865. 

John F. Hartley June 11, 1865. 

Edmund Cooper Nov. 20, 1867. 

William A. Richardso i March, 1869. 

Frederick A.Sawyer March 19, 1873. 

Charles F. Conant. July 1, 1874. 

Curtis F. Burnham May 4, 1875. 

Henry F. French Aug. 7, 1876. 

Richard C. McCormic), April 3, 1877. 

John B. Hawley Dec. 9, 1877. 

J. K. Upton April 1, 1880. 

John C. New Feb. 2, 1883. 

Charles S. Fairchild MarchlS, 1885. 

William E. .Smith Nov. 10, 1885. 

FIRST COMPTEOI.I.EES. 

Name. Appointed. 

Nicholas Eveleig' 1 Sept. 11, 1789. 

Oliver Wolcott,.lr lune 17, 1791. 

Jonathan Jackson Feb. 25, 1795. 

John Davis June 26, 1795. 

John Steele July 1, 1796. 

Gabriel Duval Dec. 15, 1802. 

Richard Rush Nov. 22, 1811. 

Ezekial Bacon Feb. 11, 1814. 

Joseph Anderson Feb. 28, 1815. 

George Wolf. June 18, 1836. 

James N. Barker Feb. 23, 1838. 

Walter Forward April 6, 1841. 

James W. McCulloih April 1, 1842. 

Elisha Whittlesey May 31, 1849. 

William Medill May 1, 1857. 

Elisha Whittlesey April 10, 1861. 

Robert W. Taylor Jan. 14, 1863. 

Albert G. Porter M;irch 5, 1878. 

William Lawren<e Tuly 15, 1880. 

Milton J. Durham March 20, 1885. 

SECOND COMPTKOLI.ERS. 
ynmr. Appohiled. 

Richard Cutts March22, 1817. 

Isaac Hill March 21, 1829. 

James B. Thornton July 14, 1830. 

Albion K. Parris Aug. 20, 1836. 

Hiland Hall Nov. 29, 1850. 

E. J. Phelps Oct. 1, 1851. 

John M. Brodhead Feb. 14, 1853. 

James M. Cutts Oct. 9, 1857. 

John M. Brodhead June, 1863. 

Cyrus C. Carpenter Ian. 7, 1876. 

William W. Upton Oct. 1, 1877. 

Isaac H. Maynard June 1, 1885. 

TEEASUEEES. 
Name. Appointed. 

Samuel Meredith Sept. 11, 1789. 

Thomas T. Tucker Ian. 1, 1801. 

Michael Nourse, ad int May 3, 1828. 

William aark July 1, 1828. 

John Campbell July 1. 1829. 

WUliamSelden Julv 22, 1839. 



William B. Randolph, adint Nov. 24, 1850. 

John Sloan Dec. 1, 1850. 

Samuel Casey April 7, 1853. 

William B. Randolph, ad iiif Dec. 23, 1859. 

William C. Price April 4, 18:.0. 

Francis E. .'-^pinner March 16, 1861. 

John C. New June 30, 1»75. 

A. U. Wyman July 1, 1876. 

James Gilfillan July 1, 1877. 

A. U. Wvman MarchlS, 1883. 

Conrad N. Jordan April 22, 1885. 

cosnnssiONEKS of custo.ms. 
Name. Appointed. 

Charles H. Rockwell March 16, 1849. 

Hugh .1. Anderson March 23, 1853. 

Samuel Ingham Feb. 3, 1858. 

Nathan Sargent May 14, 1861. 

William F. Haines June 29, 1871. 

Henry C. John.son April 8, 1874. 

Johns. McCalmont April 3, 1885. 

FIRST .AUDITORS. 
Name. Appointed. 

Oliver Wolcott, Jr Sept. 11, 1789. 

William Smith, Jr July 16, 1791. 

Richard Harrison Nov. 29, 1791. 

.Tesse .Miller Dec. 27, 1836. 

Tully R. Wise June 17, 184?. 

William Collins July 24, 1844. 

JohnC. Clarke Aug. 2, 1849. 

Thomas L. Smith Oct. 31, 1849. 

David W. Mahon Dec. 11, 1871. 

Robert M. Reynolds April 16, 1878. 

James Q. Chenoweth May 1, 1885. 

SECOND .\UDITOKS. 
Name. Appointed. 

William Lee March 6, 1817. 

William B. Lewis March 19, 1830. 

.John McCalhi March 29, 1845. 

Philip Clayton AprU 9. 1849. 

Thomas J. D. Fuller ..Feb. 3, 1858. 

Ezra B. French Aug. 7, 1861. 

Orange Ferris Mav 10, 1880. 

William .A. Day June 19, 1885. 

THIRD AUDITORS. 
Name. Appointed. 

Peter Hagner March 6, 1817. 

JohnS. Gallaher Oct. 22, 1849. 

Francis Burt April 6, 1853. 

Robert J. Atkinson Aug. 28, 1854. 

Elijah Sells July 18, 18f;4. 

John Wilson Oct. 28, 1864. 

Allan Rutherford April 21, 1871. 

Horace Austin Jan. 7, 1876. 

Edwin W. Keightley May 1, 1879. 

Johns. Williams May 1, 1885. 

FOUETH AUDITOEa. 
Name. Appointed. 

William Winder July 16, 1798. 

Thomas Turner Jan., 1800. 

Constant Freeman Feb., 1816. 

William P. Van Ness May 26, 1824. 

Tobias Watkins Jan. 3, 1825. 

Amos KendaU May 10, 1830. 

John C. Pickett Jan. 5, 1836. 

Aaron O. Davton June 9, 1838. 

A. J. O'Bannon March 1, 1859. 

Taliaferro Hunter Aug. 15, 1860. 

HobartBerrian May 4, 1861. 

Stephen J. W. Tabor June 1, 1863. 

Charles Beardsley Aug. 7, 1879. 

Charles M. Shelly May 11. 1885. 



TAHULAK KECUKDS. 



Ixxxi 



FIFl'H ACUITOHS. 
Name. Appointed. 

Stephen Pleasanton March (J, 1817. 

Josiuh Minot March 3„1855. 

Murray McConnell Aug. 1, 1855. 

Bartholomew Fuller March 1, 1859. 

John C. Uuderwood July 31, 18(i]. 

Charles M. Walker .Vug. 31, 18(i3. 

H. I). Barron AprU 20, 18(i9. 

J. H. Ela Dec. 19, 1871. 

BeAlTaS. Alexaudcr June 2, 1881. 

Anthony Eickholl July 28, 1885. 

SIXTH AUDITORS. 
Name. Appointed. 

Charles K. Gardner luly 2. 1836. 

Elisha Whittle.sey March 19, 1841. 

Matthew S. Clark Dec. 19, 1843. 

PcterG. Washington March26, 1845. 

John W. Farrelly Nov. 5, ls4)l. 

William F. Phillips April 7. 1853. 

Thomas M. Tate Oct. I, 1857. 

Green Adams April 17, 1861. 

Elijah Sells Oct. 26, 1864. 

Isaac N. Arnold .\pril 29, 1865. 

Hugh J. Anderson Sept. 26, 1866. 

John .1. .Martin April 19,1869. 

C. C. Sheets March 11, 1875. 

J. M. JleGrew July 1. 1875. 

Jacoh H. Ela lune 2, 1881. 

Daniel McConville March 26, 1885. 

KEtil.STEES. 
Name. Appointed. 

Joseph Nourse Sept. 11, 1789. 

Thomas L. Smith June 1. 1829. 

Ransom H. Gillett April 1,1845. 

Daniel Graham June 4. 1847. 

Allen A. Hall April 9, 1849, 

Townsend Haines Feb. 13, 18.5(1. 

Nathan Sargent Nov. 1, 1851. 

Finley Bigger April 20, 18.53. 

L. E. Chittenden April 17, 1861. 

Stoddard B. Colby Aug. 12, 1864. 

Noah L. Jeffiries Sept. 3, 1867. 

John Allison Ai)ril 3, 18()9. 

GlenniW. Scofleld March 28, 1878. 

Blanche K. Bruce .May 19, 1881. 

W, S. Rosecrans June 4, 1885. 

COMPTKOLLEBS OF THE CtTBRENCY. 

Name. Appointed. 

UughMcCulloch May 9, 1863. 

Freeman Clarke March 9. 1865. 

Hiland R. Hulbnid Feb. 6, 1867. 

.John Jav Knox April 25, 1882. 

Henry W. Cannon May 2, 1884. 

SOLICITOES. 
Name. Appointed. 

VirgDMaxey May 20, 1830. 

Henry D. Gilpin Sept. 25, 1837. 

Matthew Birchard Jan. 19,1810. 

Charles B. Penrose Sept. 19, 1841. 

Seth Barton March 25, 1845. 

Ransom H. GUlett May 27, 1847. 

John C. Clark luly 23, 1850. 

George F. Comstock Nov. 15, 1«,52. 

F. B. Streeter Ian. 23, 1854. 

Junios Hillyer Dec. 1, 1857. 

Edward Jordan .March 28, 1861. 

Blulord WiLson June 22, 1874. 

George F. Talbot July 24, 1876. 

Kenrieth Rayner June 30, 1877. 

Alexander McCue April 2, 1885. 

/ 



COMMISSIONERS OF INTERXAI. REVENUE. 

Name. .ippointed. 

George S. Boutwell July 17, 1862. 

.Joseph J. Lewis March 4, 1863. 

William Orton July 1, 1865. 

Edward A. Rollins Nov. 1, 1865. 

Columbus Delano March 5, 1869. 

,Tohn W. Douglass Aug. 8, 1871. 

D. D. Pratt , May 4, 1875. 

Green B. Raum Aug. 2, 1-176. 

Walter Evans May 21. 1883. 

Joseph S. Miller Marchl8, 1885. 

DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. 
Name. Appointed. 

David Rittonhouse July, 1792. 

Henry W. De Saussure Jnly, 1795. 

Elias Boudinot Oct., 1795. 

Robert Patterson July, 1805. 

.Samuel Moore July, 1824. 

Robert M. Patterson Jnly, 1835. 

George N. Eckert July, 1851. 

Thomas M. Pettit April, 1853. 

James R. Snowden June, 1853. 

Heury R. Linderman April 1, 1867. 

James Pollock April, 1869. 

Horatio C. Burchard Feb., 1879. 

James P. Kimball June 27, 1885. 

DEPARTMENT OF WAR. 

ASSISTANT SECRETARIES. 

Name. Appointed. 

Thomas A. Scott March, 1861. 

P. H. Watson Jan. 22, 1862. 

John Tucker Jan. 27, 1862. 

C. P. Wolcott Sept. 1, 1862. 

Charles A. Dana March 1, 1864. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY. 

ASSISTANT SECRETARIES. 

Name. Appointed. 

Gustavus V. Fox July 31, 1861. 

William Faxon June 1, 1868. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR. 

ASSISTANT SECRETARIES. 
Name. Appointed. 

John P. Usher March 20, 1862. 

William F. Otto Jan. 28, 1863. 

Benjamin R. Cowen April 17. 1871. 

Charles T. Gorhani JIarch 10. 1876. 

Alonzo Bell April 9, 1877. 

M. L. Joslyn July 28, 1882. 

Henry L.Mnldrow (First Assistant). ..July 1, 1885. 
George A. Jeuks July 1, 1885. 

COMMISSIONERS OF PATENTS. 

Name. Appointed. 

Henry L. Ellsworth July 4, 1836. 

Edmund Buike May 5, 1845. 

Thomas Ewbank May 9, 1849. 

Silas H. Hodges Nov. 1, 1852. 

Charles Mason March 24, 1853. 

Joseph Molt ....Sept. 9, 1857. 

William D. Bishop May 7, 1859. 

Philip F. Thomas Feb. 15, 1860. 

David P. Holloway March 28, 1861, 

Tliomas C. Theaker Aug. 15, 1865. 

Klisha Foote July 28, 186a 

Samuels. Fisher May 1,1869. 

Mortimer D. Leggctt Jan. 16, 1871. 

John M. Th.acher Nov. 1, 1874. 



Izxxii 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



R. Holland Duell Oct. J, 1875. 

Ellis Spear Jan. 30, 1877. 

Halhert E. Paine • Nov. 1, 1878. 

Edgar M. Marble May 7, 1880. 

Benjamin Butterworth Oct. 26, 1883. 

M. V. Montgomery Marcli20, 1885. 

COMMISSIONERS OF PEXSIOXS. 
Xiniif. Appointed. 

James L. Edwards March 3, 1833. 

JamesE. Heath Nov. 27,1850. 

Loren P. Waldo Marchl7, 18o3. 

Josiah Minot Aug. 1, 18.5.5. 

Georce C. Whitiii- Jan. 19, 185-. 

Joseph H. Barrett April 15, 1861. 

Christopher C. Cox Jnly 28, 1868. 

Henry Van Aernam May 1, 1869. 

James H. Baker April 20, 1871. 

Henry M. Atkinson March 26, 18,5. 

Charles R. Gill Feb. 10, 1876. 

John A. Bentley March 28, 18,6. 

William W. Dudley June 27, 1881. 

John C. Black MarchlO, 1885. 

COMMISSIONERS OF THE GENEEAL LAND OFFICE. 
Xamr. Appoiiiifd. 

Edwiird Tiffin May 7, 1812. 

Josiah Meigs Oct. 11, 1814. 

John McLean Sept. 11, 1822. 

George Graham June 26, 1823. 

Elijah Hayward Sept. 30, 1830. 

Ethan A. Brown July 24, 1835. 

James Whitcomb Oct. 21, 1836. 

Elisha M. Huntington July 2, 1841. 

Thomas H. Blake May 19, 1842. 

James Shields April 16, 1845. 

Richard M. Young Jan. 6, 1847. 

Justin Butterfield July 1, 1849. 

John Wilson Sept. 16, 1852. 

Thomas A. Hendricks Aug. 8, 1855. 

Samuel A. Smith Oct. 13, 1859. 

Joseph S. Wilson Feb. 23, 1860. 

James M. Edmunds March 19, 1861. 

Josephs. Wilson Sept. 1, 1866. 

Willis Drummond Feb. 4, 1871. 

Samuels. Burdett July 1, 1874. 

James A. Williamson June 24, 1876. 

Noah C. McFarland Tune 17, 1881. 

"William A. J. Sparks March 26, 18S5. 

COMJSIISSIONEES OF EDUCATION. 

Name. Appointed. 

Henry Barnard March 14, 1867. 

John Eaton March 16, 1870. 

CO:il.MISSIONER.S OF EAILEOADS. 
Namf. Appointed. 

Theophilus French July 1. 1878. 

W. H. .\rmstrong Feb. 9, 1882. 

Joseph E. John.ston April 2, 1885. 

COirMISSIONEES OF INDIAN AFFAIRS. 
Nanvt. Appointed. 

Elbert Herring July 10, 1832. 

Carev A. Harris July 4, 1836. 

T. Hartley Crawford Oct. 22, 1833. 

William MedUl Oct. 28, 1845. 

Orlando Brown May 31, 1849 

Luke Lea July 1, 1850. 

George W. Mauypenny March 24, 1853 

James W. Denver April 17, 1857, 

Charles E. Mix June 14,1858 

James W. Denver Nov. 8,1853. 

Allied B. Greenwood May 4, 1659. 



William P. Dole March 13, 1861. 

Dennis N. Coo^y July 10, 1«65. 

Lewis V. Bogv Nov. 1, 1866. 

Nathaniel G. Taylor March 29, 1867. 

ElyS.«Parker April 21, 1869. 

Francis A. W.alker Nov. 21, 1871. 

Edward P. Smith March 20, 1873. 

.John Q. Smith Dec. 11, 1875. 

Ezra A. Hayt Sept. 27,1877. 

Rowland E." Trowbridge MarchlS, 1880. 

Hiram Price May 4, 1881. 

John D. C. Atkins March 20, 1885. 

SUPERINTENDENTS OF THE CENSUS. 
Name. Appointed. 

Joseph C. (i. Kennedy 1850. 

James I). B. Del'.ow.! March, 1853. 

Joseph C. G. Kennedy June 1, 1860. 

Francis A. Walker Feb. 7, 1870. 

" " .\pril 1, 1879. 

Charles W. Seaton Nov. 1, 1881. 

DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE. 
[Three Assistant Attomeys-Greneral.] 

A.SSIST.\NT ATTORNEYS-GENERAL. 
Name. Appointed. 

Alfred B. McCalmont March, 1859. 

Titian J. Coffey March, 1861. 

J. HnbleyAshton May, 1864. 

John M. Bintkley 1867. 

J. HnbleyAshton July, 1868. 

T. Lyle Dickey Tuly, 1868. 

W.albridge X. Field 1869. 

Thomas H. Talbot 1869. 

Clement H. Hill 1870. 

Walter H. Smith 1-^71. 

William McMichael 1871. 

John Goforth 1873. 

John Cessna 1875. 

Thomas Simons 1875. 

Edwin B. Smith 1875. 

Augustus S. Gaylord 1875. 

E. M. Marble 1877. 

A. A. Freeman 1877. 

.lo.seph K. McCammon 1880. 

William A. Maury 1882. 

Robert A. Howard 188.5. 

SOLICITOES-GENERAL. 

Name. Appointed. 

Benjamin H. Bristow 1870. 

Samuel F. Phillips 1872. 

John Goode 1885. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE POST OFFICE. 

FIEST ASSISTANT POSTM A STEBS-GENERAL. 
Name. Appointed. 

Seth Pease 1816. 

Abr.aham Bradley, Jr 1817. 

Phiueas Bradley 1818. 

Charles K. Gardner 1829. 

Selah R. Hobble 1836. 

S. D. Jacobs 1851, 

Selah R. Hobbie 1853. 

Horatio King 1854. 

.lohuA. Kasson .1861. 

Alexander W. RandaU 1862. 

St. John B. L. Skinner 1866. 

George Earle 1869. 

James W. Marshall 1869. 

James H. Marr, ad iid 1874. 

James W. Marshall 1874, 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



James N. Tvner 

Frank Hatton 

Adiai E. Steveuson. 



1875. 

1881. 
1885. 



.SECOND ASSISTANT POSTMASTERS-GENERAL. 

Xame. Appointed. 

Sel;ih R. Hobbie 

Robert Johnson 

Philo C. Fulki- 

John C. Bryan 

J. W. Tvson 

N. M. Miller 

William Medill 

William J. Brown 

Fitz Henrj' Warren 

William ll. Dunilas 

George W. McI-pUan 

Giles A. Smith 

Jolin L. Routt 

James N. Tyner 

Thomas .1. Uraily 

Richard A. Elmer 

A. Leo Knott 

THIRD ASSISTANT POSTM.VSTKHSGEN'ERAL. 

AppoinUil. 
183 



lH-29. 
lS3ti. 
1811. 
1842. 
1843. 
1844. 
1845. 
1845. 
1851. 

1S5-2. 

l-itil. 

1869. 

1871. 

1.875. 

1876. 

1881. 

1885. 



Name. 

Daniel Coleman 

John S. Skinner 

N. M. Miller 

John Marron 

Alexander X. Zevely. 

W. K. II. Terrell 

Edward W. Barber.... 
A. D. Hazen 



1841. 
1845. 

1.859. 
1869. 
1873. 

1877. 



PAY TABLE 



OF THE LEADING CIVIL 
OFFICERS. 



ive.«. with mileage, 



Consul-Cleneral to Cairo, per annum. $4,000. 

Consuls-tieneral to London, Paris, Havana, and 
Rio Janeiro, per annum, ^6,000. 

Consuls-General to Calcutta and Shanghai, per an- 
num, $5,001). 

Consul-General to Melbourne, per annum, ^4,5UU. 

Consuls-General to Kanagawa, Montreal, and Ber- 
lin, per annum, ,'?4.000. 

Consuls-General to Vienna, Frankfort;, Rome, and 
Constantinople, per annum, §3,000. 

Consuls-General to Turkey and Egypt, per annum, 

83, .500. , „ . 

Consuls-General to St. Petersbur.., and Mexico, per 

annum, $-2,000. 

Consul-General to Liverpool, per annum, Ij^.OOU. 
Secretaries of Legation, from $1,500 to $2,6-25. 
Consols from $l,OU0 to $7,000. 

With regard to the Postmasters, Collectors of the 
Revenue, Territorial Governors and Judges, and 
other officers cmploved throughout the country, they 
are too numerous to be designated in this place. 



THE JIDICIARY. 

Vie SnpiTim' Court of tin- i'niled States. 

(Eight Associate Justices.) 

CHIEF jrsTICES OF THE UNITED STATKS. 
Y„ „, ^ Term of service. 

lay 



President of the United States, per annum, 850,000. 
Vice-President of the United States, per annum. 

S^8,000. 

Cabinet Ministers, per annum, §->,000. 

Chief Justice Supreme Court, per annum, |10 ;. « 

Justices of the Supreme Court, per annum. ^10,010. 

Senators and Representatives in Congress, with 
mileage, per annum, .$5,000. 

Speaker House of Representatr 
per annum, $-^,000. 

Secretan- of the Senate, per annum, s-a.OOO. 

Clerk ilouse of Representatives, per annum. 

' Si^ (100 

Assistant Secretaries of Departments, per annum. 

$3 500 to $4,500. . 

Head of Bureaus, per annum, b-i.OOO to ^G.Om 
SuBerintondent Coast Snrvev. per annuu.. Jr .. 00. 
Tu.Ves District of Columbia, pcr.innum. 8...000. 
Secretary Smithsonian Institution, per annum. 

'^ Slinisters Plenipotentiary to (ireat Britain, Franc.-. 
Germany, and Russia, per aKnu'^v^".-;'" • . 

Ministers Plenipotentiary to ^P»'"-^ustj-u% China, 



John 

.Tohn RutU'ilge 

Oliver Ellsworth 

John Marshall 

Roger Brooke Taney 



1789-1795 

1795 

179i;-1799 

l>i|il-1835 

18;;(;-1864 



Italy Mexico. Brazil, and Japan. i)er annum, Jj-i^ouo. 

NHn sters Resident and Plenipotentiary to ChiU. 
Peri Uruguay. G.iatemala. Co.sta Rtca Honduras, 
Nicaracuarand Salvador, per annum. ^10,000 

MYnisters Resident to Portu._'al, Belgium Nether- 
Imd^ 1 e.unark Sweden and Norway, Switzerland. 
Tni'^v ] vaiian Islands, llayti. Columbia, ^eue- 
zueU%uador, Argentine Republic, Paraguay, Bolivia 
■\nA Greece cer annum, $7. .500. 

toSrpret<,rand Secretary of Legation to China, 

per aunnm, $5,000. 'r„-^.a^ 

flragomau and Secrer-ary of Legation to Turkey, 

per annuiU, $3,000. 



Salmon Portland Chase ]-*i;4-1873 

.Morrison R. Waite 1~'^ 

ASSOCIATE JUSTICES OF THE SUTREME COURT OF THE 
UNITED STATES. 
Yamf. Term of sirrice. 

•John Rutledge \^\Z 

William Cushing U^l ,?5q 

1o;;n1^ir'^".v.v::r:::::::::::::::::::::;::-"n89:n% 

Robert H. Harrison : UqSq 

.Tames Iredell ]~T\-f^ 

Thomas .lohnson l-^o-.iqnl 

William Patterson }:rr.°V? 

Samuel Cha.se 

lUishrod Washington 

Alfred Moore 

William .lohnson f',,',';;^ ix^ 

Brockholst Livingston 

riiomas Todd 

Gabriel Duval 

Joseph Story 

Smith fhompson 

Robert Triinble 

.lohn McLean ]t^CX^ 

Henry P.aldwin !«^?"}Si^ 

Tames M.Wayne «^r" 041 

Barbour ^'^''^"l^jSi 

183i-1865 

1837-1852 

1841-1860 

lSl.5-1872 

1,84.5-1 -'51 

1>16-1870 

18.-.1-1857 

18.5:i-1861 

1S.5'+-1881 



.1796-1811 
.1798-13-29 
.1799-1804 



.1806-13-23 

.1807-18-26 
.1811-1836 
.1811 1845 
.1 8-2:5-1 >^43 
.l«-;6-18-23 



Philip P. 

.John Catron 

Join .McKinley 

Peter V. Daniel 

Samuel Nelson 

Levi Woodbury 

Robert C. Grier.... 

Beniamin R. t'-artis 

John .\. Campbell 

Nathan Clifford 

Noah H. Swayne 

Samuel F. Miller 

David Davis 



.18(i-2-1881 

..18ii-.'- 

.186-2-1877 



Ixxxiv 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



Stephen J. Field 1«63- 

Edwin M. Stanton 1869 

William Strong 187U-1880 

Joseph P. Bradley 1870- 

WardHunt 1873-1882 

John M. Harlan 1S77- 

William B. Woods 1880- 

Stanley Matthews 1881- 

Horace C4ray 1883- 

Samuel Blatchford 1882- 

JUDOEi? OF THE UNITED STATES CIRCUIT COUKTS. 

Bassett, Richard. Kilty, William. 

Baxter, .John. Lee, Charles. 

Bee, Thomas. Lowell, John. 

Benson, Egbert. Lowell, John. 

Bond, Hugh L. McAllister, Matt. H. 

Bourne, Benjamin. McClung, William. 

Brewer, David J. McCrary, George W. 

Clay, Joseph, Jr. MeKennon, William. 

Colt, Le B. B. Magill, Charles, 

(ranch, William. Marshall, James. 

Dillon, John F. Morsell, James S. 

Drummond, Thomas. Pardee, Don A. 

Duckett, Allen B. Potter, Henry. 

Dunlop, William, Sawyer, Lorenzo. 

Emmons, Halmer H. Shipley, George F. 

Fitzhugh, Nicholas. Sitgreaves, John. 

Gaillard, Theodore. Smith, Jeremiah. 

Gresham. Walter Q. Taylor, George K. 

Griffith, William. ThVuston, Buckner. 

Hall, Domiuick A. Tilghman. William. 

Harris, Edward. Wallace, William J. 

Hitchcock, Samuel. Woleott, Oliver. 

Ingersoll, Jared. Woodrutf, Lewis B. 

Johnson, Thomas. Woods, William B. 
Key, Philip Barton. 

JUDGES OF THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COUETS. 

Acheson, Marcus W. Bullock, .Tames R. 

Adams, George. Bunn, Romaiizo E. 

Allen, Richard C. Busteed, Richard. 

Baldwin. Alex. W. Butler, Richard. 

Ballard. Bland. Byrd, Charles W. 

Barbour, Philip. Cadwalader, John. 

Barnes, David L. Caldwell, Alexander. 

Barr, John W. Caldwell, Henry C. 

Bee, Thomas. Cameron, John A. 

Bedford, Gunning. Campbell, J. W. 

Benedict, Charles L. Carmack. Samuel W. 

Belts, Samuel R. Carpenter, George M. 

Biggs, Asa. Chipman, Nathaniel. 

Billings, Edward C. Clark, Daniel. 

Bland, Theodoric. Clay, Joseph, Jr. 

Blatehford, Samuel. Colt, Le Barron B. 

Blodgett, Henry W. Conkling, Alfred. 

Boarman, Aleck. Coxe, Alfred O. 

Bond, Hugh L. Crawford, Thomas H. 

Bourne, Benjamin. Creighton, William, Jr. 

Boyce, Henry. Cuyler, Jeremiah. 

Boynton, Thomas J. Daniel, Peter V. 

Boyle, John. Davie, William R. 

Bradford, Edward G. Davies, William. 

Brearley, David. Davis, John, 

Breckeuridge H, M. Deady, Matthew P. 

Bristol, William. Delahay, Mark W. 

Brockenbrough, J. W. Dick, .Tohn. 

Brockenbrough, W. H. Dick, Robert P. 

Bronson, Isaac H. Dickerson, Philemon. 

Brooks, George W. Douglass, Samuel I. 

Brown, Addison. Drayton, John. 

Brown, Henry B. Drayton, William. 

Brown, Morgan W. Duane, .James. 

Bruce, John. Dundy, Elmer S. 

Bryan, George 3. Durell, Edward H. 



Duval, Thomas H. 
Dyer, Charles E. 
Dyer, John J. 
Edwards, Pierrepont. 
Erskine, John, 
Field, Richard S. 
Fisher, Jolm, 
Foster, Cassins G. 
Fox, Edward. 
Frazer, Philip, 
Gaillard. Theodore. 
Gayle, .Tohn, 
Gholson, Samuel J. 
Gibbons, Thomas. 
Giles, William E. 
Gilchrist, Robert B. 
Glenn, Elias, 
Gresham, Walter Q. 
Griffin, Cyrus. 
Haight, Fletcher M. 
Hall, Dominick A. 
Hall, Nathan K. 
Hall, Willard. 
Hallett, Moses, 
Hallyburton, James D. 
Hammond, Eli S. 
Harper, Samuel H. 
Harvey, Matthew. 
Hay, George. 
Heath, Upton S. 
Hill. Robert A, 
Hill, William H. 
Hillyer, Edgar W. 
Hitchcock, Sa'uuel. 
Hobart, John S, 
Hoffman, Ogden. 
Holman, .Tesse L. 
Holmes. John, 
Hopkins, James C. 
Hopkinson, Francis. 
Hopkinson, Jo.seph. 
Houston, James. 
Howell, Daniel. 
Hughes, Robert W. 
Huntington, Elisha M. 
Innis, Harry. 
Irwin, Thomas. 
Jackson, .John J., Jr. 
.Tohnson Benjamin. 
.Tohnson, Thomas. 
Jones, J. M. 
.tones, Obadiah. 
.Tones, William G. 
Jordan, Dillon, Jr. 
.fndson. Andrew T. 
Kane, John K. 
Key, David M. 
Knowles, John P. 
Krekel, Arnold. 
Lacey, Thomas J. 
Lane, George W. 
Laurance, John. 
Law, Richard, 
Tjawrence, Philip K. 
Lawrence, William W. 
Lea, John M. 
Leake. Walter. 
Leavitt, Humphrey H. 
Lee, Thomas. 
Lewis, William, 
Livingston, Brockholst. 
Locke, James W. 
Longyear, John W. 
Love, James M. 
Lowell, John. 



Lucas, .lolin B. C. 
Marchant, Henry. 
Marvin, William. 
Mason, John Y, 
McCaleb, Thomas H. 
McCandless, Wilson. 
McCormick, A. P. 
McCoy, Henry K. 
McDonald, David. 
McGrath, A, G. 
McNairj', Jolm. 
McQueen, Mcintosh. 
Miller, Andrew J. 
Monroe, Thomas B. 
Morrill, Amos. 
Morris, Robert, 
Morris. Thomas J. 
Nelson, Rensselaer R. 
Nelson, Thomas L. 
Nicoll, John C. 
Nixon, John T. 
Ogier, Isaac S, K. 
Paca, William. 
Paine, Elijah, 
Parker, Isaac C. 
Parker, Thomas. 
Parris, Albion K. 
Paul, John. 
Peck, J. H. 
Pendleton, Edmund. 
Pennington. W. S. 
Pennybacker, Isaac S. 
Peters, Richard. 
Pickering, John. 
Pinckney, Thomaa. 
Pitman, John. 
Poindexter, George. 
Pope, Nathaniel. 
Potter, Henry. 
Prentiss, Samuel. 
Randall, .\rchibald. 
Randall, T, 
Randolph, Peter. 
Read, Jacob. 
Ringo, Daniel. 
Rives, Alexander. 
Rossell, William. 
Sabin, Chauncey M. 
Sabin, George M. 
Sage, George R. 
Serrell. David. 
Settle, Thomas. 
Seymour, Augustus S. 
Sherburne, John S. 
Sherman, Charles T. 
Shields, William B. 
Shipman, NatbanieL 
Shiras, Oliver P. 
Simpson, Josiah. 
Sitgreaves, John. 
Skinner, Roger. 
Smalley, David .A,. 
Smith, Caleb B. 
Smith, Joseph L. 
Speer, Emory. 
Sprague, Peleg. 
Sprigg, William. 
Stephens, William. 
Stewart, Alexander. 
Stokes, .John. 
Storey, William. 
Sullivan, John. 
Swing, Philip B. 
Tait, Charles. 
Tallmadge, Mathias B. 



TAKULAK KECUKDS. 



Thomas. .Te.^ie B. 
Tliumi>son, JoTin. 
Tompkins, Daniel D. 
Touimii), Hull... 
Towles, Thoiuas. 
Treat, Samncl U. 
Trigg, Couiiolly F. 
Trimble, Ko))ert. 
Troup, Kobtrt. 
Tucker, St. (leorge. 
Turner, Ezekiel B. 
Tyler, .(ohD. 
Uuilerwood, .lolin C. 
Van Ness, William P. 
Wales, Leonard E. 



Walker, John H. 
Ware, Asbur. 
Watious, John C. 
Webb, Nathan. 
Welker, Martin. 
Wells, Kobert W\ 
Wheeler, Hoyt H. 
Wilkiiis, William. 
Wilkiris, Boss. 
Williams, Archibald. 
Wilson. Hiram V. 
Winchester, .lames. 
Withey, Solomon L. 
Woods, William A. 
Yell, Arehibald. 



JUDGES OF THE TEURITOEIAL COURTS. 



AUyn, Joseph P. 
Anderson. Joseph. 
Armor, Charles Lee. 
Axtell, Samuel B. 
Backus, Henry T. 
Baker, Uraftou. 
tSalch, Alfred. 
Barnes, Alanson H. 
Barnes, William H. 
Bartlett, Asa. 
Bates, Frederick. 
Bates! J. Woodson. 
Belibid, James B. 
Bell, Joseph. 
Benedict, K. 
Bennett, G. G. 
Bent. Silas. 
Black, Samuel W. 
Blackwood, William G. 
Blair, Jacob B. 
Blake, Henry N. 
Bliss, Philemon. 
Boone, William F. 
Boreman, .Taeob S. 
Boyle, John W. 
Bradlbrd, Allen A. 
Brandeburg, L. G. 
Bradley. James. 

Brinker, William H. 

Bristol, Warren. 

Brochus, P. E. 

Broderick, Case. 

Brookings, W. W. 

Brown, James. 

Bruin, Peter B. 

Bryant, William P. 

Buck, Norman. 

Bulliugton, Joseph. 

Bull it, George. 

Burnett, Peter H. 

Burrell, J. M. 

Carter, Harley H. 

Cartter, David K. 

Gary, .loseph M. 

Cato, Sterling G. 

Chatlield. A. G. 

Chenowith, F. A. 

Chipman, Henry. 

Church, Louis K. 

Church, William E. 
Clark, William. 
Clayton, Alexander M. 
Cobum, John. 
Cole, Orsamns. 
t'onger, E. J_. 
Cooper, DaTid. 
Cox, Walter S. 
Cradlebaugh, John. 



Craneh. William. 
Crawford, William. 
Crosbie. Henry R. 
Cross, Edward. 
Cummiugs, John. 
Darwin, C. B. 
Davenport, J. J. 
Davis, Tliomas T. 
DeLisle, Moreau. 
DL-con. Luther C. 
Doty, James D. 
Drake, Thomas J. 
Drummond, William W. 
Duane, Edmund F. 
DufiBeld, George. 
Duncan, Charles. 
Dunn, t:harles. 
Easton, Kufus. 
Eckles, Delano R. 
Edgerton, Alonzo P. 
Edgerton, Sidney. 
Edmunds, G. 
Ellis, Powhattan. 
Elmore, R. 
Emerson, Philip H. 
Erwin, David. 
Eskeridge, Thomas P. 
Eyster, 0. S. 
Ferguson, Fenner. 
Fisher, George P. 
Fisher, Joseph W. 
Fisk, James. 
Fitts, Oliver. 
Fitzhugh, Edw. C. 
Flandraw, Charles E. 
Fleuniker, R. P- 
Francis, William H. 
Frazier, William C. 
French, C. E. G. 
Fi-eiich, C. G. W. 
Fuller, Jerome. 
Galbraith, William J. 
Gale, William H. 
Gilman, Joseph. 
Gleason. William E. 
Gorshire, William R. 
Goodrich. A. 
Goodwin, John N. 
Green, Roger S. 
Griffin, John. 
Griswold, Stanley. 
Hagner, C. E. 
Hall. Augustus. 
Hall, Benjamin P. 
Hallett, Moses. 
Hardin, E. R. 
Harding, Stephen S. 
Hawley, Cyrus iL 



Hays, .Tames B. 
Henderson. William F. 
Hewitt, 0. C. 
Heydenfelt. S. 
Hollister. M. E. 
Holley, Charles F. 
Hoiigiand, M. 
Hoover. Wilson W. 
Hosmer. H. L. 
Howe, John H. 
Howell, William T. 
Hoyt, John P. 
Hubbell, Sidney A. 
Hudson, Sanford H. 
Humphreys, Darid C. 
Hunter, John A. 
Huntington, Samuel. 
Irwin, David. 
Jacobs, Orange. 
James, C. P. 
Jewett, C. C. 
Johnson, D. B. 
.lohnson, Hezekiah S. 
.Tones. Horatio. 
Jones, Obadiah, 
Kellogg, William Pitt. 
Kelly, Milton. 
Kennedy, James K. 
Ker, David. 
Kidder, J. P. 
Kingman, John W. 
Kinney. I. F. 
Kirby, Ephraim. 
Kiuipp, Joseph G. 
Knowles, Hiram. 
Lacey, .lohn W. 
Lauder, Edward. 
Langford, William G. 
Leake, Walter. 
Leconipte, Sanuiel D. 
Lewis, Joseph U. 
Lewis, .Toshua. 
Lewis, Seth. 
Locke, Powhattan B. 
Lockwood, William F. 
Lucas, .lohn B. C. 
Lyons, H. A. 
.Martin, Francis X. 
Mason, Charles. 
Jl at thews, George, Jr. 
McArthur, Arthur. 
MclSride, John K. 
McCandless, Charles. 
McCounell, William B 
McCurdy, S. P. 
McFadden, O. B. 
McGuire, William. 
McKean, James B. 
McNairy, John. 
Meeker, B. B. 
Meigs, Return J. 
Meigs, Keturn f., Jr. 
Miller, A. J. 
Miller, Joseph. 
Milligan, Samuel. 
Monroe, V. 
Moody, Gideon C. 
Morell, George. 
Morgan, John T. 
Morsell. .lames S. 
Mott, Gordon N. 
Mower, Horace. 
» Munson, Lyman E. 
i Murphy, John L. 
I Murray, H. C. 



Nelson, R. R. 
Nelson, Thomas. 
Noggle, David. 
North, .lohn W- 
Olin, .Vbraham 1".. 
Oliphaut. E. V. 
Gluey, Cyrus. 
Paine, Bivan. 
Paliu. .loiin G. 
Palmer, Cornelius 3. 
Parke, Benjamin. 
Parks, Samuel C. 
Parsons, Samuel H. 
Peck, William Ware. 
Peery, William. 
Petit, .lohn. 
Pettis, S. \ewton. 
Pinney. Daniel H. 
Poinde.Kter, George. 
Pollard, Charles R. 
Porter, De Forosl. 
Porter, William VV. 
Potter, E. D. 
Powers, O. W. 
Pratt, 0. 0. 
Prevost, John B. 
Prickett, Henry E. 
Prince. L. Bradford. 
Putnam, Rufus. 
Read. Lazarus H. 
Reavis, Isham. 
Reid, Robert R. 
Robertson, T. B. 
Rodney, Thomas. 
Scott, Andrew. 
Scott, .lames. 
Selden, Joseph. 
Sener, .lames B. 
Service, Francis (i. 
Shaelfer, Michael. 
Shannon, Peter C. 
Shaver, Leonidas. 
Sheldon, A. W. 
Sherburne, Moses. 
Sherman, Henry. 
Shields, John C. 
Shrader, Otto. 
Sil.iley, Solomon. 
Sinclair, Charles E. 
Smith, Allcock C. 
Snow, Zerubbabel. 
Sprigg, William. 
Stiles, George P. 
Stillwell, William H. 
Strickland, A. F. 
Strong, William. 
Stuart, Alexander, 
gymmes, John C. 
Taylor, Walter. 
Thomas, E. A. 
Thompson, John. 
Thonqwon, William G. 
Thurston, Buckner. 
Tiltou, Daniel. 
Titus, John. 
Toulmin, Harry. 
Tov\ les, Thomas. 
Trimble, William. 
Tripp. Bartlett. 
Turner, George. 
Turner, William F. 
Tweed, Charles A. 
Twiss, Stephen P. 
Vauderburg, Henry. 
\ an Loag, Eliaha. 



Ixxxvi 



TA KULAK KECUKDS. 



Williams, .Joseph L. 
AViUistdn, Lorenzo P. 
Wilson, T. S. 
Wingard, Samuel 0. 
Witherall, James. 
Woodbridge. William. 
Woodward, A. B. 
Wyche. .Tames E. 
Wylie, .\ndrew. 
Zane, Charles S. 



Wade, Decius S. 
Waite, Charles B. 
Waldo, H. L. 
Wakeley, Eleazer. 
AVatts, .John S. 
Webb, James. 
WeUh, William H. 
Wells, Ebenezer T. 
Whiston, William C. 
Williams, George H. 
Williams, Joseph. 

DIPLOMATIC AGENTS OF THE UNITED 
STATES, 
Prior to 1789. 
[from the OFl'ICIAL KEPOETS OF THE DEPART- 
MENT OF STATE.] 
SILAS DEAXE, oi' Connecticut; 

Sent to France. March, 1770. by the Committee 
of Secret Correspondence of Congres.s, and au- 
thorized to act as a political and commercial 
agent of the United States. 
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, of Pennsylvania; SILAS 
DEANE, of Connecticut; and THOMAS .TEFFER- 
SON, of Virginia: 

Elected Commissioners, September 26, 1776, to 
take charge of American atfairs in Europe, and 
to procure a treaty of alliance "with Fiance. 
Mr. .lEFFERSON declined, and 
ARTHUR LEE, of Virginia, 

Was, October 22, 1776, elected in his place. Mr. 
Lee was then in London and Mr. Deane in 
Paris. Dr. FliAXKLlN sailed from Philadel- 
phia, October 26. 1776, and reached Paris 
about December 20, 1776. 
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, of Pennsylvania; 

Elected January 1, 1774, by Congress, Commis- 
sioner to Spain, and commissioned as such on 
the following day. 
ARTHUR LEE, of Virginia: 

Elected, May 1, 1777, by Congress,Commissioner 
to Spain, and commissioned as such June 5, 
1777; but he did not go there in that capacity. 
Mr. .Jay's appointment as Minister superseded 
him. 
EALPH IZARD, of South Carolina: 

Elected by Congress, May 7. 1777, Commissioner 
to Tuscany, and commissioned as such .luly 1, 
1777. He did not visit Tuscany, and was re- 
called June 8, 1779. 
WILLIAM LEE, of Virginia; 

Elected. May 9, 1177, Commissioner to communi- 
cate and treat with the Emperor of Germany, 
and also with the King of Prussia, and he was 
commissioned as such .July 1. 1777. He was 
unable to visit either court, and was recalled 
by resolution of Congre-ss, June 9, 1779. 
JOHN A!)AMS, of Mas.sachusetts: 

Ele<'ted a Commissioner, November 28, 1777, in 
the place of Silas Deane, who was recalled No- 
vember 21, 1777. 
September 14, 1778, the commission was dis- 
solved, and 
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, of Pennsylvania. 

Elected Minister Plenipotentiary to Fr, nc?. He 
was commissioned October 26, 1778. 
JOHN JAY. of New York: 

Elected Minister Plenipotentiary to Spain, Sep- 
ti'.iber 27, 1779. to negotiate a treaty of alli- 
ance and of an:ity and commerce. He arrived 
in Madrid in the spring of 17b'0. 
JOHN ADAMS, of .\Iass;u-husetts: 

Elected. September 27, 1779, Minister Plenipo- 
tentiary tor negotiating a treaty of peace and a 
treaty of eomnn-rce with Great Britain. 



WILLIAM CARMICHAEL, of Maryland; 

Elected, September 28, 1779, Secretarj' of Lega- 
tion to Spain. When Mr. Jay left Spain (in 
June, 1782,) Mr. Caemichael was left as 
Chrirye (P Affaires ad irderim. He was formally 
recognized as Charf/c. February, 1783, and re- 
mained at Madrid under that appointment 
until re-appointed as such September29, 1789. 
He was re-commissioned the following April. 
FRANCIS DANA, of Massachusetts: 

Elected, September 28, 1779, Secretary of Lega- 
tion, to accompany Mr. John ADAMS, ap- 
pointed as above. 
HENRY LAURENS, of South Carolina; 

Elected, October 21, 1779, to negotiate a loan in 
Holland; elected, November 1, 1779, and same 
day empowered to negotiate a treaty vrith 
Holland. 
JOHN ADAMS, of Massachusetts: 

Empowered, June 20, 1780, to negotiate a treaty 
with Holland, in the place of Laueens, who 
had been made prisoner by the enemy. 
FRANCIS DANA, of Massachusetts: 

Was elected, December 19, 1780, Minister -Resi- 
dent in Russia. He was never received as 
such. 
JOHN LAURENS, of South Carolina: 

Commissioned, December 23, 1780, Special Min- 
ister to France to solicit new aid. 
JOHN ADAMS, of Massachusetts: JOHN JAY, of 
New Y'ork; HENRY LAURENS, of South Caro- 
lina; BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, of Pennsvlvnnia; 
THGMAS JEFFERSON, of Virginia; 

Empowered, June 15, 1781, to negotiate a treaty 
of peace with Great Britain. 
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, of Pennsylvania: 

Commissioned, September 28, 1782, to negotiate 
a treaty with Sweden. 
JOHN ADAMS, of Massachusetts; BENJAMIN 
FRANKLIN, of Pennsylvania; and THOMAS 
JEFFERSON, of Virginia; 

Empowered, May 12, 1784, to conclude treaties 
of Commerce with Russia, Germany, Prussia, 
Denmark. Saxony, Hamburg, England, Spain, 
Portugal, Naples, Sardinia, the Pope, Venice, 
Genoa, Tuscany, the Porte, Morocco, AI.Lders, 
Tripoli, Tunis. On the 3d day of June, 1784, 
the same Plenipotentiaries were empowered 
to conclude a supplementary treaty with 
Sweden. 
DAVID HUMPHREYS, of Connecticut: 

Elected, May 12, 1784, the Secretary to the Com- 
mission for Negotiating the Treaties of Com- 
merce. 
THOMAS JEFFERSON, of Virginia: 

Commissioned. March 10, 178.i, Minister Pleni- 
potentiary to France. He remained in France 
until the close of September, 1789. On the 
12th of October, 1787, he was re-elected for a 
term of three years, subject to the revocation 
of Congress. 
JOHN ADAMS, of Massachusetts: 

Appointed, March 14, 178.5. Minister Plenipoten- 
tiary to Great Britain. Mr. ADAMS took leave 
of tiie king, February 20, 1788. 
JOHN ADAMS SMITH, of Massachusetts: 

Appointed, March 14, 1785, Secretary of Lega- 
tion to Great Britain. 
THOMAS ROWLEY; 

October 5, 1785, Mr. Adams and Mr. Jeffke- 
SON, under powers from Congress, empowered 
him to conclude a Treaty with Morocco, and 
JOHN LAMB 

At the same time empowered to conclude one 
with Algiers. 



TABL'LAK RECORDS. 



Ixxxvii 



Sinee 1789. 
ALGIERS. 

Name and Stair.. Date of commission. 

David Humphreys, Connecticut Mareh2I, 17!)3. 

William Shaler, (Consul-General at 

-Mgiers); Commodores William 

Bainbridge and Decatur April 9, 181'). 

William Shaler (f'ousul-CJeneral at 

Algiers) and Commodore Isaac 

Channcej Aug. 4, 181ti. 

AEaBNTINE REPUBLIC AND ARGENTINE CONFED- 
ERATION. 

Ciiesar A. Rodney, of Delaware; John 

Graham, of Virginia; and Theo- 

dorick Bland, of Virginia July 18, 1817. 

Cse-sar A. Rodney, Delaware Jan. 27, 1^2:?. 

John M. Forbes, Florida March 9, l^a."). 

Francis Baylies, Massachusetts Ian. 3, 1832. 

Harvey M. Watterson, Tennessee Sept. 26, 1843. 

William Brent, Jr., Viiginia June 14, 1844. 

William A. Harris, Virginia Feb. 19, 1846. 

John S. Pendleton, Virginia Feb. 27, 1851. 

Joseph Graham, Ohio Marchll, 1854. 

James A. Peden, Florida June 29. 1854. 

Benjamin C. Yancey, Georgia June 14, 1858. 

John F. Cushman, Mississippi July 18, 1859. 

Robert M. Palmer, Pennsylvania March 28, 1861. 

Robert C. Kirk, Ohio ". March 4, 1862. 

Alexander, Asboth, Missouri Maichl2, 186(i. 

H. (i. Worthington, Nevada Tune 5. 1868. 

Roberta Kirk, Ohio April 16^ 1869. 

De.\ter E. Clapp, New York >^ov. 4, 1871. 

Julius White, Illinois July 23, 1872. 

Thomas 0. Osborn, Illinois Feb. 10, 1874. 

Bayliss W. Hanna. Indiana June 17, 1885. 

AUSTRIA A.VD AUSTRIA-HUNGARY. 
Niimi' ami State. Date of commiision. 

Nathaniel Niles, Vermont June 7, 1837. 

Henry A. .Mulilenberg. Pennsylvania.. Feb. 8, 1838. 
J. Randolph Clay, Pennsylvania.. ...... Sept. 13, 1839. 

Daniel Jenifer, Maryland Aug. 27, 1841. 

William H. Stiles, Georgia April 19, 1845. 

James Watson Webb, New York Nov. 1, 1849. 

Charles J. McCurdy, ( onnecticut Sept. 27, 1850. 

Thomas M. Foote.New York Sept. 16, 1852. 

Henry R. Jackson, Georgia May 24, 1853. 

J. Glancy Jones, Pennsylvania Dec, 15, 18.58. 

Au.son Burlingame, Massachusetts March 22, l8(ll. 

J. Ix)throp Motley, Mas.-iachusetts Aug. 10, l8(il. 

John Hay, Illinois Aug. 20, 1867. 

Henry M. Watts. Pennsylvania luly 2.5, 1868. 

John .lay. New York...."..... April 13, 1869. 

Godlove S. Orth, Indiana March 9, 187.5. 

Edward F.Beale,DistrictofC'olumbia.. June 1, 1876. 

John A. Kasson. Iowa June 11, 1877. 

Alphouso Taft, Ohio .Vpril 26, 1882. 

John .M. Francis, New York 18s4. 

BEL<ilUM. 
Naiiif and State. Dale of eomini.''si(in. 

Hughs. Lcgare. .South Carolina ..Vpril 14, lKi2. 

•Virgil Maxev. Marvhmd Itiue 16. 18.37. 

Henry W. Milliard, Alabama May 12, 18-12. 

Thomas G. Cleni.son. Pennsylvania. ...June 17, 1844. 

Richard H. Bavard, Delaware Dec. 10, 1850. 

J. J. Seibels, Alabama May 24, 18.53. 

Elislia T. Fair, Alabama June 14! 18.58. 

Henry S. Sanford. Connecticut .March riO. 18 il. 

J. Russell .Jones. IllinoLs luue I, 1869. 

Avers P. Merrill. Mississip])i Ian. 7, 1-^76. 

William C. Goodloe, Kentucky March 4, 1878. 



.James (). I'utiiam. New York lune 4, 1880. 

Nichol.is l-"i,sh. New Vork April 28, 1HR2. 

Lambert Tree, Illinois July 3, 1885. 

BOLIVI.4. 
Name and Stale. Date of rnni mission. 

.lohn Appleton. Maine MarcliMO, 1848. 

Alexander K. McClung, Mississippi... May 29. 1849. 

Horace H. Miller.'Mississippi Feb. 10, 1852. 

■lohn W. Dana, M.iine Aug. 26^ 1853. 

•lohn C. Smith, Connecticut June 14, 1858. 

David K. C.artter. Ohio March27, 1861. 

Allen A. Hall, Tennessee April 21, 1863. 

■lohn W. Caldwell, Ohio June 18, 1868. 

Leopold .M.arkbreit, Ohio April 16, 1869. 

John T. Croxton, Kentucky Dec. 20, 1872. 

Robert M. Reynolds, Alabama .June 17, 1874. 

S. Newton Pettis, Pennsylvania Sept. 4, 1878. 

Charles Adams. Colorado" April 6, 1880. 

George .Maney, Tennessee April 17, 1882. 

Richaid Gibbs, New York June 18, 1883. 

William A. Seay, Louisiana May 9, 1885. 

BRAZIL. 

Name and State. Date of commission. 

Condy Raguet, Pennsylvania March 9, 1825. 

William Tudor, Massachusetts June 26, 182T. 

Ethan A. Brown, Ohio May 26, 1830. 

William Hunter. Rhode Island luue 28, 1834. 

George H. Proffit, Indiana June 7, 1843. 

Heniy A. Wise, Virginia Feb. 8, 1844. 

David Tod. Ohio March 3, 1847. 

Robert C. Schenck, Ohio Miirchl2, 1851. 

William Trousdale, Tennessee May 24, li53. 

Richard K. Meade. Viiginia July 27. 1857. 

James Watson Webb. New York May 31, 1861. 

Henry T, Blow, Missouri May 1, 1869. 

James K. Partridge, Maryland May 23. 1871. 

Henry W. Hilli.ard, Georgia July 31, 1877. 

Thomas A. O.sborn, Kansas May 19, 18S1_ 

Thomas J. Jarvis, North Carolina April 2, 1885 

CENTRAL AMERICAN s i ATES. 
Name and State. Date of commi-^im. 

John Williams, Tennessee Dec. 29. 182.5. 

William B. Rochestei', New York March 3, 1827. 

James Shannon. Ohio Feb. 9, 1832. 

Charles G. De Witt, New Y'ork Jan. 29, If 33. 

William .S. .Murphy, Ohio luly 28, 1841. 

George Williamson, Louisiana Jlay 17. 1873. 

Cornelius A. Logan, Illinois .\pril 2, 1879. 

Henry C. Hall. New York July 13, 1882. 

CHILI. 
Name and State. Date of commission. 

Heman Allen, Vermont Jan. 27, 1823. 

Samuel Earned, Rhode Island Feb. 29, 1828. 

John Hanini, Ohio May 26, 1830. 

Richard Pollard, Virginia June 28, 1834. 

.John S. Pendleton, Virginia .\ug. 16, 1841. 

William Crump, Virginia April 10, 1844. 

Sctli Barton. louLsiana May 27, 1847. 

ISalie Peyton. Tenues.see Vug. 9, 1>49. 

David .\. Starkweather, Ohio June 29, 1854. 

John Bigler, California Vpril 2, 18.57. 

Thomas H. Nelson, Indiana June 1, 1861. 

Judson Kilpatrick. New .Jersey Nov. 11, 1865. 

Joseiih P. Root, Kansas Sept. 15, 1870. 

Cornelius A. Logan, Kansas March 17. I873. 

Thomas .-V. O.sborn. Kansas May 31, 1877. 

.ludson Kilpatrick, New .lersey 1881. 

Cornelius .V. I^ogan, Illinois Martlilo, 1882. 

William R. I'obcrt.s, New York April 2, 1885. 



Ixxxviii 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



Name and State. 



Dale of comiiiis.'iiiiii. 



Caleb Gushing, Massachusetts May 8, 1843. 

Alexander H. Everett, Massachusetts-March 13, 1845. 

John W. Davis, Indiana Jan. 3. 1848. 

Humphrey Marshall, Kentucky Aug. 4, 18.52. 

Robert M. McLane, Maryland Oct. 18, 1853. 

William B. Eeed, Pennsylvania April 18, 1857. 

John E. Ward, Georgia Dec. 15, 1858. 

Anson Burlingame, Massachusetts June 14, 1861. 

J. Ko.ss Browne, California Marchll, 1868. 

Frederick F. Low, California Sept. 28, 1869. 

Benjamin P. Avery, California April 10, 1874. 

George F. Seward, California Jan. 7, 1876. 

James B. Angell, Michigan April 9, 1880. 

J. Russell Young, New York Marchl5, 1882. 

Charles Denby, Indiana May 29, 188.5. 

COLOMi;IA. 
Name and Slate. Date of eommisxinn. 

Richard C. Anderson, Kentucky Tan. 27, 1823. 

Beaufort T. Watts, South Carolina.... March 3, 1827>); 

William H. Harrison. Ohio May 24, 1828. 

Thomas P. Moore, Kentuckv MarchlS, 1829. 

Robert B. McAfee, Kentucky Feb. 9, 1833. 

James Semple, Illinois Oct. 14, 1837. 

William M. Blackford, Virginia Feb. 10, 1842. 

Benjamin A. Bidlack, Pennsylvania... May 14, 1845. 

Thomas M. Foote, New York May 29, 1849. 

Yelvertou P. King, (iccirgia March 12, 1851. 

James S. Green, Miss.iuri May 24, 1853. 

James B. Bowlin, Mi,>isouri Dec. 13, 1854. 

George W. Jones, Iowa March 8, 1859. 

Allan A. Burton, Kentucky May 29, 1861. 

Peter .1. Sullivan, Ohio March 19, 1867. 

Stephen A. Hurlbut, Illinois April 22, 18(i9. 

William L. Scruggs, Georgia April 8, 1873. 

Ernest Dickman, Wisconsin lune 15, 1878. 

William L. Scruggs, Georgia April 17, 1882. 

Charles D. .lacob, Kentucky Oct. 9, 1885. 

COREA. 
Name and State. Date of Commission. 
Lucius H. Foote, New York Feb. 27, 1883. 

COSTA KICA. 

Name and State. Date of Commission. 

Solon Borland, Arkan,sas April 18, 1853. 

Mirabeau B. Lamar, Texas Tan. 20, 1858. 

Alexander Dimitry, Louisiana Aug. 15, 1859. 

Charles .V. Riotte,' Te.xas Tune 8, 1861. 

Albert G. Lawrence, Rhode Island. ...Oct. 2, 1866. 

Jacob B. Blair, West Virginia July 25, 1868. 

George Williamson, Louisiana May 17, 1873. 

Cornelius A. Logan, Illinois April 2, 1879. 

Henry V. Hall, New York July 13, 1882. 

DENMARK. 
Name and Slate. Dale of Commission. 

George W. Eiving, Massachusetts Tan. 5, 1811. 

Henrv Wlieaton.' New York March23, 1827. 

Jonathan F. Woodside, Ohio March 3, 1835. 

Isaac R. Jackson, Pennsylvania May 20,1841. 

William W. Irwin, Pennsylvania March 3, 1843. 

Robert P. Flenniken, Pennsylvania.. ..Ian. 11, 1847. 

M'alter Forward, Pennsylvania Nov. 8, 1849. 

Miller Grieve, Georgia Aug. 30,1852. 

Henry Bedinger, Virginia May 24, 1853. 

James M. Buchanan, Maryland May 11,1858. 

Bradford R. Wood, New York March22, 1861. 

George H. Yeainan. Kentucky .Vug. 25,1865. 

M. .1. Cramer, Kentucky Sept. 9,1870. 

J. P. Wickersham, Pennsylvania July 13, 1882. 

Wickham Hoflman, New York Feb. 27, 1883. 

Rasmus B. Anderson, Wisconsin April 2,1835. 



KCUADOE. 
Name and Slate. Date of Commission. 

J. C. Pickett, Kentucky June 15, 1838. 

Delazon Smith, Ohio Dec. 28, 1844. 

VanBrugh Livingston, New York April 10, 1848. 

.Tohn T. Van Allen, New York June 5, 1849. 

L'ourtland Cushiug. Indiana Sept. 28, 18.50. 

Philo White, Wiscon.^iin July 18,1853. 

'.'harlcs R. Buckalew, Pennsylvania... June 14, 1858. 

Frederick Hassaurek, Ohio March 27, 1861. 

William T. Coggeshall, Ohio May 4, 1866. 

E. Rumsey Wing, Kentucky Nov. 16, 1869. 

Thomas Biddle, Pennsylvania Feb. 2, 1875. 

X FEANCE. 
Name and State. 
William Short, 



Date of Commission. 
Virginia .\pril 20, 1790. 



;:!■ 



12, 1792. 

28, 1794. 

9, 1796. 

5, 1797. 



26, 1799. 



2, 


1801 


12, 


1803 


30, 


1804 


27, 


1811 


9. 


1813 


28, 


1815 


9, 


1823 


18, 


1829 



Gouverneur Morris Jan. 

.Tames Monroe. Virginia May 

Chas. C. Pinckney, South Carolina.... Sept. 
Chas. C. Pinckney, South Carolina... l 

Tohn Marshall, Virginia ^ June 

Elbridge Gerry, Massachusetts., 
Oliver Ellsworth, Connecticut. , 
William Vans Murray, Maryland... J- Feb. 
William R. Davie, North Carolina.. 

Robert R. Livingston, New York Oct. 

lames Monroe, Virginia 1 y 

Robert R. Livingston, New York... j •'^^ 

.Tohn Armstrong, New York Tune 

.Toel Barlow, Connecticut Feb. 

William H. Crawford, Georgia April 

Albert Gallatin, Pennsylvania Feb. 

.fames Brown, Louisiana Dec. 

William C. Rives, Virginia April 

Leavitt Harris, Pennsylvania March 6, ]^33. 

Edward Livingston, Louisiana May 29, lb33. 

LewisCass, Ohio Oct". 4,1836. 

William E. King. Alabama April 9, 1844. 

Richard Rush, Pennsylvania M.aich 3, 1847. 

William C. Rives, Virginia July 20, 1849. 

.Tohn Y. Mason, Virginia Oct. 10, 1853. 

Charles J. Faulkner. Virginia Jan. 16, 1860. 

William L. Dayton, New .Tersey Marchl8, 1861. 

.lohn Bigelow, New York March]5, 1865. 

.Tohn A. Dix, New York Sept. 24, 1866. 

Elihu B. Washburne, Illinois March 17, 1869. 

Edward F. Noyes, Ohio Inly 1,1877. 

Levi P. Morton, New York Marcl;21, 1881. 

Robert M. McLane, Maryland March23, 1885. 

<' GEEMANY. 

Name and State. Date of Commission. 

'^John Quincy .^ilams, Massachusetts... June 1, 1797- 

(Vacant from 1801 to 1835.) 

Henry Wheaton, New York March 3, 18.3.5. 

Andrew J. Donelson, Tennessee MarchlS, 1846. 

Edward A. Hannegan. Indiana March22, 1849. 

Daniel D. Barnard, New York Sept. .3,18.50. 

Peter D. Vroom, New Jersey May 24, 1853. 

.To.seph A. Wright, Indiana June 1, 18.57. 

Norman B. Judd, Illinois March 8, 1861. 

.Toseph A. Wright, Indiana June 30, 18H5. 

George Bancroft, New York Ma.y 14, 1867. 

J. C. Bancroft Davis June 11, 1874. 

Bayard Taylor, Pennsylvania March 4, 1878. 

Andrew D. White, New York April 2, 1879. 

Aaron A. Sargent, California March 2, 1882. 

John A. Kasson, Iowa 1884. 

George H. Pendleton, Ohio March23. 1885. 

Y GEEAT BRITAIN. 
Name and Slate, Dale of Commission. 

Thomas Pinckney,. South Carolina Tan. 12, 1792. 

John Jay, New York April 19, 1794. 



T A K U L A K K ]•; C U R D S . 



Rufus King, New York May 20. 

J;imc.s Monroe, Virginia April 18, 

Jonath:iu J\iissell, Rhode Island July '27, 

Albert Cfallatin, Pennsylvania 

John Qnincy Adams, Massacliusette 

James A. Kayard, Delaware 

John Quincy Atlams, Massachusetts 

James A. Bayard, Delaware 

Henry Clay, Kentucky 

Jonathan Russell, Rhode Island. 
ADxrrt Ciallatin, Pennsylvania.. 
John Q'l'ney Adams. Massachusetts. ..Feb. 28, 

Richard Rush, Pennsylvania October, 

Rufus King, New York May 5, 

Albert Gallatin, Pennsylvania May 18, 

.lames Harbour, Virginia May 

Louis Mcl.ane, Delaware .Vpril 

Martin Van Buren, New York .Vpril 

-Andrew Stevenson, Virginia .March 16, 

Edward Kverett, Massachusetts Sept. 13, 

Louis McLaue, Maryland June Ki, 

George Bancroft, New York Sept. 9, 

Abbott Lawrence, Massachusetts Aug. 20, 

Joseph R. Ingersoll, Pennsylvania .Vug. 21, 

.James Buchanan, Penn.sylvania .\pril 11, 

George M. Dallas. Pennsylvania Feb. 4, 

Charles F. Adams, Mas.sachusett« March 20, 

Reverdy Johnson, Maryland lune 12, 

J. Lothrop Motley. Massachusetts April 13, 

Roberto. Schenck, Ohio Dec. 22, 

Edwards Pierrepont, New York May 23, 

John Wel.sh, Pennsylvania Oct. 9, 

James R. Lowell. Massachusetts Ian. 26, 

Ed\#ard J. Phelps, Vermont March23, 



17!)!). 
1803. 
1811. 



April 17, 1813. 



Jan. 18, 1814. 



1815. 
1817. 
1825. 
1826. 
1828. 
1S29. 
1831. 
1836. 
1841. 
1845. 
1846. 
1849. 
1852. 
1853. 
1856. 
1861. 
1868. 
1869. 
1870. 
1870. 
1877. 
1880. 
lo85. 



23, 

18, 
1, 



GREECE. 

Name and State. Date of Commission. 

Charles K. Tuckerman, New York... March 11, 1868. 

John M. Francis, New York May 15, 1871. 

J. Meredith Read. Jr., New York Nov. 7,1873. 

Eugene Schuyler. New York July 7, 1882. 

Walter Fern,' Lou isiana April 18, 1 885. 

ftTTATRMAT.A. 

A'am- and Slate. Date of Commission 

Elijah Hise, Kentucky March 31, 1848. 

E. George S(|uier. New York April 2, 1849. 

Solon Borland, .Vrkansas April 18, 1853. 

.lohn L. Marling, Tennes.see Aug. 2, 1854. 

William E. Veuable, Tennessee March 14, 1857. 

Bcverlv L. Clarke, Kentucky .Tan. 7, 1858. 

ElishaO. Crosby, New York March 22, 1861. 

Fitz Henry Warren, Iowa Aug. 12, 1865. 

.Silas A. liudson, Iowa April 22, 18(i9. 

George William.son, Louisiana May 17. 1873. 

Cornelius A. Logan. Illinois April 2, 1879 

Heury C. Hall, New York July 13, 1882 

HAW.\TI 

Name and State. Dale of Commission 

George lirown. Massachusetts March 3, 1843 

Anthony Ten Evck, Michigan April 19, 1845. 

Charles' Fames, Nevj York. Jan. 12, 1849 

Luther .Severance, Maine June 7, 1850. 

David L. Gregg, Illinois July 6, 18.">3. 

James W. Borden, Indiana Jan. 11.1858. 

Thom.as J. Dryer. Oregon March26. 1861. 

.Tames McBridc, Drcgon March 9. 1863. 

Edward M. McCook, (.olorado March 21, 1866. 

Henry A. I'ierce, Massachusetts May 10, 1-^69. 

James M. Comly, Ohio July 1, 1877. 

Rollin M. Daggett, Nevada July 1, 1882. 

George W. Merrill. Ncvaiia April 2, 1885. 



HAYTI. 
Name and State. Date of Commission. 

Uenjamin F. Whidden, N. H July 12, 1862. 

H. E. I'eck. Ohio March 14, 1865. 

Gideon II. HoUister, Connecticut Feb. 5, 1868. 

Ebenczer D. Bassett, Pennsylvania.... April 16, 1869. 

John M. Langston, D. C Sept. 28, 1877. 

.1. E. \V. Thompson, New York May 7, 1885. 

HONDUEAS. 
Name and State. Date of Commission. 

.Solon Borland, Arkansas April 18, 1853. 

Beverly L. Clarke, Kentucky Jan. 14, 1858. 

James R. Partridge, Maryland Feb. 10, 1862. 

Thomas H. Clay, Kentucky April 16, 1863. 

Richard H. Rousseau, Kentucky May 14, 1806. 

Henry Baxter, Michigan April 21, 1869. 

George Williamson, Louisiana May 17, 1873. 

Cornelius A. Logan, Illinois April 2, 1879. 

Henry C. Hall, New York July 13, 1882. 

ITALY. 

Name and Slate. Date of Commission. 

George P. Marsh, Vermont March 20, 1861. 

William W. Astor, New York Aug. 4, 1882. 

John B. Stallo, Ohio June 17, 1885. 

JAPAN. 

Name and State. Date of Commission. 

M.itthewC. Perry, Commodore U.S. N.Nov. 13, 1852. 

Townsend Harris, New York Sept. 8, 1855. 

Robert H. Pruyn, New York Oct. 12, 1861. 

Jv. B. Van Valkenburgh. New York. ..Jan. 18, 1866. 

Charles E. DeLong, Nevada April 21. 1869. 

John H. Bingham, Ohio May 31, 1873. 

Richard B. Hubbard, Texas April 2, 1885. 

l.lIiERIA. 
Name and Stule. Date of CoiH»i/.«.s-/on. 

Abraham Heuson, Wisconsin .Tune 8, 1863. 

John Seys, Ohio Oct. 8, 1806. 

J. Milton Turner. Missouri March 1, 1871. 

John H. Smyth, North Carolina April 12, 1882. 

Moses A. Hopkins. North Carolina. ...Sept. 11, 1885. 



MEXICO. 
Name and State. Date of Commi 
.Joel R. Poinsett, .South Carolina March 



Anthony Butler, Mississippi Oct. 

Powhatan Ellis, Louisiana Jan. 

Waddy Thompson, South Carolina. ...Feb. 

Vv'ilson Shannon, Ohio April 

John Slidell. Louisiana Nov. 

.'Vmbrose H. Sevier. Arkansas \ ,, ■..,. 

Nathan Cliflbrd. Maine |Marchl4, 

Nathan Clitlbrd, Maine July 

Iv'obert P. Letcher. Kentucky Aug. 

AUred Conkling. New York Aug. 

.Tames (Jadsden, South Carolina" May 

John Forsyth, .Alabama July 

Robert Jl. McLaiic. Maryland March 7, 

John B. Weller, California Nov. 17, 

Thomas Corwin, Ohio March 22, 

Lewis I). Campbell, Ohio SL-jy 4, 

Marcus Otterbourg. Wisconsin July 1, 

William S. Rosecrans, Ohio Inly 27, 

Thomas II. Nelson. Indiana April 16, 

John W. Foster, Indiana Marchl7, 

P. 11. Morgan, Louisiana Jan. 26, 

Henry R. Jackson, Georgia March 23, 



12, 

5, 
10, 

9, 
10, 



28, 

9, 

6, 

24, 

21, 



snon. 
1825. 
1829. 
1836. 
1842. 
1844. 
1845. 

1848. 

1848. 
1849. 
1852. 
18.53. 
1856. 
1859. 
1860. 
1861. 
1866. 
1867. 
1868. 
1869. 
1873. 
1880. 
1885. 



NICTHERLAND.S. 
Name and State. Dale of Commission. 

William Short. Virginia Ian. 16, 1792. 

John Quincy .\dams. Mas,sachuse.tts...May 30, 1794 



X A i; L\L A iC K E C O R D S . 



\ William Vans Murray, Maryland March 2, 1797. 

William Eustis, Massachusetts Dec. 19, 1814. 

Alexander H. Everett, Mass June 27, 1818. 

Christopher Hughes, Jr., Maryland... March 9, 1825. 

William P. Preble, Maine June 1, 1829. 

Harmanus Bleecker, New York May 15, 1839. 

Christopher Hughes, Maryland May 12, 1842. 

Auguste Davezac, Louisiana April 19, 184.5. 

George Folsom, New York May 4, 1850. 

August Belmont, New York May 24, 1853. 

Henry C. Murphv, New York June 1, 1857. 

James S. Pike, Maine March28, 18U1. 

Hugh Ewing, Kansas Sept. 24, 186(i. 

Charles T. Gorham, Michigan July 12, 1870. 

F. B. Stockbridge, Michigan July 12, 1875. 

James Birney, Michigan Jan. 10, 1876. 

William L. Dayton, New ..Tersey April 26, 1882. 

Isaac Bell, Jr., Rhode Island April 2, 1885. 

tnCAUAGVA. 
Name and State. Date of Commisxwn. 

John B. Kerr, Maryland March 12, 1851. 

Solon Borland, Arkansas April 18, 1853. 

John H. Wheeler, North Carolina Aug. 2. 1854. 

Mirabeau B. Lamar, Texas Jan. 20, 1858. 

Ale.xauder Dimitry, Louisiana -Vug. 15, 1859. 

Andrew B. Dickinson, New York March28, 1861. 

Thomas H. Clay, Kentucky Oct, 21. 1862. 

Andrew B. Dickinson, New York Aiwil 18, 1863. 

0. N. Riotte, Texas April 21, 1869. 

George Williamson, Louisiana May 17, 1873. 

Cornelius A. Logan, Illinois AprU 2. 1879. 

Henry C. Hall, New York July li, 1882. 

PAE.A.GL'AY. 
Name and iState. Dale of Commiasinn. 

Charles A. Washburn, California June 8, 1861. 

Martin T. McMahon, New York June 27, 1808. 

John L, Stevens, Maine April 28, 1870. 

John C. Caldwell, Maine Ian. 8, 1874. 

William Williams, Indiana April 12, 1882. 

John E. Bacon, South Carolina .-Vpril 28, 1885. 

PEKSIA. 
Name onrf State. Date of C<)mmissinn_ 

S. G. W. Benjamin, New Y'ork Feb. 27, 1883. 

F. H. Winston, HUuois Oct. 23, 1885. 

PERU. 
Name and State. Date of Commhsion. 

.Tames Cooley, Pennsylvania May 2, 1826. 

Samuel Earned, Rhode Island Dec". 29, 1828. 

James B. Thornton, New Hampshirc.Juue 15, 1836. 

J. C. Pickett, Kentucky June 9, 1838. 

John A. Bryan, Ohio Aug. 15, 1644. 

Albert G. Jewett, Maine MarchlS, 1845. 

John R. Clay, Penn.s,vlvania March 3, 1847. 

Christopher Robinson, Rhode Island.. June 8, 1861. 

Alvin P. Hovev, Indiana .' Aug. 12, 1865. 

Thomas Settle," North Carolina Feb. 18, 1671. 

Francis Tiiomas, Maryland March25, 1872. 

Richard Gibbs, New York April 9, 1875. 

Isaac P. Christiancy, Michigan Jan. 29, 1879. 

Stephen A. Hurlbut, Illinoi.s May 19, 1881. 

James R. Partridge, Maryland .\pril 12, 1882. 

Seth L. Phelps, District of Columbia..June 18, 1883. 
Charles \V. Buck, Kentucky .A.pril 2, 168,5. 

PORTUGAL. 
Name and State. Date of Commisfiion. 

David Humphreys. Connecticut Feb. 21, 1791. 

William Smith, South Carolina July 10, 1797. 

Thomas Sumpter, Jr., South Carolina.. March 7, 1-^09. 
John Graham, Virginia Jan. 6, 1819. 



Henry Dearborn, Sr., N. H May 7, 1822. 

Tliomas L. L. Brent, Virginia March 9, 1825. 

Edward Kavanagh, Maine March 3, 1835. 

Washington Barrow, Tennessee Aug. 16, 1841. 

Abraham Rencher, North Carolina. ...Sept. 22, 1843. 

George W. Hopkins, Virginia March 3, 1847. 

James B. Clay, Kentucky Aug. 1, 1849. 

Charles B. Haddock, New Hampshire.. Dec. 10, 18.50. 

John L. OSuUivan, New York Feb. 16, 1854. 

George W. Morgan, Ohio May 11, 1858. 

.Tames E. Harvey, Pennsylvania March 28. 1861. 

Samuel Shellabarger, Ohio April 21, 1869. 

Charles H. Lewis, Virginia March 15, 1870. 

Benjamin Moran, Pennsylvania Dec. 1.5, 1874. 

John M. Fr.ancis, New York July 7, 1882. 

Lewis Richmond, Rhode Island 1884. 

Edw. P. C. Lewis, New Jersey April 2, 1885. 

EOUMANIA. 
Nnine and State. Date of Commission. 

Eugene Schuyler, New York Tuly 7, 1882. 

Walter Fearn, Louisiana .\pril 18, 1685. 

RUSSIA. 
Name and State. Date of Commission. 

John Quincy Adams. Massachusetts... June 27, 1809. 

Leavitt Harris, Pennsylvania ."...April 7, 1614. 

William Pinkney, Maryland March 7, 1816. 

George W. Campbell, Tennessee April 16, 1818. 

Henrv Middleton, SoHth Carolina AprQ 6, 1820. 

.John Randolph, Virginia May 26, 1830. 

■Tames Buchanan, Pennsylvania Ian. 4. 1832. 

William Wilkins, Pennsylvania Tune 30. 1834. 

John R. Clay, Pennsylvania Tune 29, 1836. 

George M. Dallas, Pennsylvania March 7, 1837 

Churchill C. Cambreling, New York.. May 20, 1840. 

Charles S. Todd, Kentucky Aug. 27, 1641. 

Ralph J. Ingersoll, Connecticut -'i-Ug- 8, 1846. 

Arthur P. Bagby, Al.abama Tune 15, 1848. 

Neil S. Brown, Tennessee May 2, 1850. 

Thomas H. Seymour, Connecticut -May 24, 18.53. 

Francis W. Pickens. South Carolina... .Ian. 11, 1858. 

.Tohn Appleton, Maine luue 8, 1860. 

CassiusM. Claj', Kentucky March 28, 1861. 

Simon Cameron, Pennsylvania Jan. 17, 1862. 

Cassius M. Clay, Kentucky March 11, l-i63. 

.\ndrew G. Curtin, Pennsylvania April 16, 1869. 

.lames L. Orr, .South Carolina.. Dec. 12. 1672. 

.Marshall Jewell, Connecticut May 29, 1873. 

George H. Boker. Pennsylvania Tan. 13. 1875. 

E. W. Stoughton, New York Oct. 30. 1877. 

John W. Foster, Indiana Jan. 26. 1880. 

William H. Hunt, Louisiana .\pril 12. 1882. 

Alphonso Taft, Ohio 1884. 

Geo. V. N. Lothrop, Michigan May 7. 1885. 

S.4LVAD0R. 
Name and State. Dale of Commission. 

Solon Borland, .Vrkansas ."Vpril 18, 1853. 

James R. Partridge, Maryland April lU, 1863. 

A. S. Williams, Michig.an Aug. 16, 1866. 

Alfred T. A. Torbert, Delaware April 21, 1869. 

Thomas BIddle, Pennsylvania Tuly 10, 1871. 

George Williamson, Louisiana May 17, 1873. 

Cornelius A. Logan, Illinois April 2, 1879. 

Henry C. Hall, New York July 13,1882. 

SERVIA. 

Name and Slate. Dali of Commission. 
Eugene Schuyler, New York luly 7, 1882. 

SIA3I. 
Name and State. Date of Commission. 
.lohn .V. Halderman, Missouri luly 1:.!, 1882. 



T A H L' L A K K E C U K D .S . 



SPAIN. 

Name and State. Date of Commi 

William Carmicliael, Maryland April 20, 

William Short, Virginia May 

Thomas Pinckney, South Carolina.. ..Nov. 

David Humphreys, Connecticut May 

Charles Pinckney, South Carolina June 

(Vacant from 1808 to 1814.) 

Ceorge W. Erving, Massachusetts Aug. 

.Tolin Forsyth, Georgia Feb. 16, 

Ihu'h Nelson, Virginia Ian- l&i 

Alexander H. Everett, Massachusetts.. March 9, 

CoiiieliusP. Van Ness. Vermont June 1, 

William T. Barry, Kentucky April 10, 

.John H. Eaton, Tennessee March 15. 

Aaron Vail, New York May 20. 

Washington Irving, Nev^ York Feb. 

Knmulus M. Saunders, N. C Feb. 

Daniel M. Barringer, North Carolina..June 

Pierre Soule, Louisiana April 

Augustus C. Dodge, Iowa : Feb. 

William Preston, Kentucky Dec. 

Carl Schurz, Wisconsin March 28, 

Gustavus Koerner, Illinois June 14, 

John P Hale. New Hampshire March 10, 

Ihiniel E. Sickles, New York May 15, 

( aleb Gushing, Virginia Jan. t), 

James li. Lowell, .Massachusetts Jan. 11. 

Lucius Fairchild, Wisconsin Jan. 2(), 

Haunibal Hamliu, Maine June 30. 

John W. Foster, Indiana Feb. '-_<. 

J. L. M. Curry, Virginia Oct. i, 



24, 

20, 

6, 

10, 
16, 



1", 
25, 

18, 

9, 
15, 



1790. 
1791. 
1794. 

179(i/ 
1801. 

1814. 

1819. 

1823. 

1825. 

1829. 

1835. 

183(i. 

1840. 

1842. 

184(i. 

1849. 

1853. 

1855. 

18.")8. 

1861. 

1802. 

1865. 

1809. 

1874. 

1877. 

1880. 

1881. 

1883. 

1885. 



Jonatban Kussell, Rhode Island Ian. 18, 

John J. Appleton. Mas-sachusetts May 2. 

Christopher Hughes, Jlaryland March 3, 

George W. Lay, New York May 12, 

Henry W. Ellsworth, Indiana April 19, 

Francis Schroeder, Ithode Island Nov. 7, 

Benjamin F. Angel, New York •J"'^^^!' 

Jacob S. llaldeman, Pennsylvania March lb, 

.lames H. Campbell, Pennsylvania May 18, 

John McGinnis, Jr., Hlinois ^"''\ ,1'' 

Jo.seph J. Bartlett, New York March 19, 

C. C. .Andrews. Minnesota 'une 3, 

John L. Stevens. Maine .^"g- 28. 

Wm. W. Thomas, Jr., Maine Tune 0, 

Rul'us Magee, Indiana AprU 2, 



SWITZERLAND. 
Name and State. Da'e of Commisxiou. 

Theodore S. Fay, Massachusetts March 16, 1853. 

George ('■. Fogg, New Hampshire March 28, I8(jl. 

George Harrington, Georgia luly 7 18ii.5. 

Horace Kublee, Wisconsm April ^^), 1809. 

Nicholas Fish, New York lune 20, 1877. 

M J. Kramer, Kentucky July 13, 18S2. 



Boyd Winchester, Kentucky May 



1885. 



TEXAS. 



1849. 

1853. 
1858. 
1861. 
1870. 
1871. 
1875. 
1880. 
1W82. 
1885. 



George P. Marsh, Vermont May 

Carroll Spence, Maryland Aug. 

James Williams, Tenues.see Tan. 

Edward Joy Morris, Pennsylvania. ..June 

Wayne MacVeagh, Pennsylvania June 

George H. Baker, Penn.sylvauia Nov. 

Horace Maynard, Tennessee March 9 

James Longstreet, Georgia June 14, 

Lewis Wallace, Indiana .• July 13, 

Samuels. Cox, New York March 2a, 

THE TWO SICILIES. 

Name and State. Date of Commi 

,rohn Nelson, Maryland Oct. 24, 

EnosT. Throop, New York Feb. 6, 

William Bowlware, Virginia Sept. 13, 

William H. Polk, Tennessee March 13, 

John Rowan, Kentucky Jan. 3, 

Thomas W. Chinn, Louisiana 'an. 5, 

Edward Joy Morris, Pennsylvania... .Ian. 10, 

Robert Dale Owen, Indiana May 24, 

Joseph R. Chandler, Pennsylvania. ..June 15, 
(Discontinued in 1860.) 

URUGUAY. 
Name and State. Date of CommU'<inn. 

Alexander Asboth, Missouri April 5, 1867. 

H G Worthington, Nevada July 2:), 1868. 

Roberta Kirk, Ohio May 5, 1869. 

John L. Stevens, !Ma!ne March 2,i, 1--0. 

John C. Caldwell, Maine 'an. 8, 18,4. 

William Williams, Indiana April 12, 1882. 

John E. Bacon, South Carolina April 28, 1885. 

VEKEZUELA. 
Name and State. Date of Commi 

J G. A. Williamson, Pennsylvania. ..March 3, 

Allen A. Hall, Tennessee March 15 

Vespasian Ellis, Missouri Sept. 30, 

Benjamin G. Shields, Alabama.. 



1831- 

1838- 
1841- 
1845- 
1848. 
1849. 
18.50. 
1853. 
18.58. 



.March 14, 
6, 



Nam.e. and State. Date of C'ommis!<ion. 

Alcee La Branche, Louisiana ?!="'*'!',!• }^^7; 

George H. Flood. Ohio .March 6, h40. 

Joseph Eve, K.-ntucky April o 841 

William S. Murphy, Ohio -M'"! J '• 8|| 

Tighlman A. Harvard. Indiana .June 11. 1844. 

Andrew J. Donelson, Tennessee Sept 10, 1844. 

(Annexed as a State in 1845.) 

TtJUKEY. 
Name and .■^lale. Date of Comim>'>iion. 

David Porter. Maryland April 15. 1831. 

Uabney S. Carr, Maryland Oct. 6. 184.i. 



if! I on. 
1835. 
1841. 
1844. 
1845. 
1849. 
18.54. 
1858. 
1861. 
1862. 
1866. 
1867. 
1869. 
1871. 
1874. 
1878. 
1885. 



Isaac N. Steele, Maryland Dec. 

Charles Eames, District of Columbia.Feb. 

Edwin A. Turpin, New Y'ork June 

Henry T. Blow, Missouri June 

E. D. Culver, New York July 

.lames Wilson, Indiana "May 

Thomas N. Stilwell, Indiana -A-Ug. 

.Tames R. Partridge, Maryland April 

William A. Pile, Missouri May 

Thomas Russell. Massachusetts Vpril 

Jehu Baker. Illinois March 4. 

Charles L. Scott, Alabama April 28, 

COLONIAL GOVERNORS OF AMERICA. 

NEW HAMPSHTEE. 

Richard Cutts Ifj^O 

Richard Waldron 1681 

Edward Craiili.ia o«"- 

Walter Barefoot Jo^* 

Joseph Dudley J '«» 

Edmond Andios j^»' 

Simon Bradstreet ]^;S9 

John I sher. 
Willia 



,,,...<,m Partridge l';-*^ 

Samuel Allen L^99 

Earl of Hellcmont ]^l^" 



Joseph Dudley. 

Samuel Shute 

William Burnet 

Jonathan Be'cher 

I'.enjamin Wentworth 

.lolin Wentworth 

When the British power terminated. 



1716 

..1728 
.1730 
..1741 
..1767 
..1775 



Mesheck Wes 



.1776 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



John Langdon 1 ' 88 

John Sullivan 1790 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

John Carver, of Plymouth. Massachnsett.s 1620 

William Bradford 1621 

Edward Winslow 10.S3 

Thomas Prince 1634 

William Bradford 163.'') 

Edward Wiuslow 1636 

William Bradford 1637 

Thomas Prince 163-^ 

William Bradford 1639 

Edward Winslow 1644 

William Bradford 1645 

Thomas Prince 1657 

Josias Winslow 1673 

Thomas Hinckley 1680 

John Winthrop, of Mass., under first charter 1630 

Thomas Dudley 1634 

.John Haynes 16.35 

Henry Vane 1636 

John Winthrop 1637 

Thomas Dudley 1640 

Richard Bellinghaiu 1641 

John Winthrop 1642 

John Winthrop 1646 

John Endicott 1649 

Thomas Dudley 1650 

John Endicxjtt 1651 

Richard Bellingham 1654 

John Endicott I<i55 

Richard Bellingham 1665 

John Leverett I(i73 

Simon Bradstreet 1679 

Joseph Dudley, after dissolution 1686 

Sir Edmond Andres 1687 

Simon Bradstreet 1691 

Sir William Phips, under second charter 1692 

Earl of Bellemont 1699 

Joseph Dudley 1702 

Samuel iShute 1716 

William Burnett 1728 

Jonatlian Belcher 1730 

William Shirley 1740 

Thomas Pownal 1757 

Francis Bernard 1760 

Thomas Hutchison 1770 

Thomas Gage 1774 

John Hancock 17l?0 

James Bowdoin 1785 

EHODE ISLAND. 
(Presidents.) 

John Coggeshall 1647 

Jeremiah Clarke 1648 

John Smith 1649 

Nicholas Easton 1650 

Roger Williams 1655 

Benedict Arnold 1 (i57 

William Brenton 1660 

Benedict Arnold 1 662 

Benedict Arnold 1663 

William Brenton I(i66 

Benedict Arnold 1669 

Nicholas Easton 1672 

William Coddington 1674 

Walter Clarke i 1676 

Benedict Arnold 1677 

John Cranston 1679 

Peleg Sanford 1680 

William Coddington 1683 

Henry Bull 1685 

Walter Clarke 1686 

Sir Edmond Andros 1686 

Henry Bull 1689 



John Easton 1690 

Caleb Carr 1695 

Walter Clarke 1696 

Samuel Cran.ston 1698 

.Joseph Jenckes 1727 

William Wanton 1732 

John Wanton 1734 

Richard Ward 1741 

William Greene 1743 

Gideon Wanton 1745 

William Greene 1746 

Gideon Wanton 1747 

William Greene 1748 

Stephen Hopkins 1755 

William Greene 1757 

Stephen Hopkins 1758 

Samuel Ward 1762 

Stephen Hopkins 1763 

Samuel Ward 1765 

Stephen Hopkins 1767 

.Tosias Lyndeu 1768 

^Joseph Wanton 1769 

Nicholas Cooke 1775 

Nicholas Cooke 1776 

William Greene 1778 

John Collins 1786 

CONNECTICUT. 

.lohn Winthrop 1665 

William Leet 1676 

Robert Treat 1683 

.Tohn Winthrop 1698 

Gurden Salstonstall 1708 

.Toseph Talcott 1725 

.Jonathan Law 1742 

Roger Wolcott 1751 

Thomas Fitch 1754 

William Pitkin 1766 

Jonathan Trumbull 1769 

Matthew Griswold 1784 

NEW YOEK. 

(Dutch Governors.) 

Adrian Joris 1693 

Cornelius .Jacobzen May 1624 

William Verhulst 1625 

Peter Minuet 1626 

Wouter Van Twiller 1629 

William Kieft 1638 

Peter Stuvesandt 1647 

Anthony Colve 1673 

(British Governor.s.) 

Richard Nicholls 1664 

Francis Lovelace 1667 

Sir Edmond Andros 1674 

Thomas Dongan 1683 

Francis Nicholson 1687 

.Jacob Lesler 1690 

Henry Sloughter 1691 

Joseph Dudley 1692 

Richard Ingoldsby 1692 

Benjamin Fletcher 1692 

Eari of Bellemont 1(;97 

.lohn Naufau 1701 

Lord Cornbury 1702 

Ijord Lovelace 1708 

Richard Ingoldshy 1709 

Gerard us Beekman 1710 

Andrew Hunter 1710 

Peter Schuyler 1719 

William Burnet 1720 

John Montgomerie 1728 

Lewis Morris 1731 

Rip Van Dam 1731 

William Cosby 1732 

John Hamilton 1736 



TABULAR RKtUKDS. 



George Clark fl^l; 

George Clinton ''fj^ 

Danvers Osborne ]^-t 

James De Lancey J''^^ 

Sir Charles Hardy \ll^ 

James De Lancey ]l^l 

Cadwallader Colden 
Robert Monl<ton .... 
Cadwallader Golden 
Henry Moore 



60 
62 

G3 

65 j 



Cadwallader I olden i^-' 

Earl of Dunmore Vi,"-' 

William Tryon lljl^ 

Cadwallader Colden J^'^ 

James Robertson ^'°^ 



George Clinton, Governor, Independent* 1777 



NEW JERSEY. 

Lord Cornbnry 

Lewis Morris 

Jonathan Belcher 

John Hamilton 

Jonathan Belcher i'*' 

.Tohn Reading j'^' 

Francis Barnard , 

Thomas Boone 

Thomas Hardy 

William Franklin 



John M'Kinley, Republican . 
Casar Rodney 



1730 
173M 
1747 
1746 



■58 
1760 
1761 
1763 



John Dickinson 1782 

John (;ook 1"S3 

NichoUus Van Dyke l^^S 

Thomas Collins 1786 

M.MiVLANU. 

Lionel Copley l***^'-; 

Francis Nicholson l'>9'« 

Nathaniel Blakiston - 1^99 

John Seymour 1 '"■* 

John Hart I'l* 

Charles Calvert I]-? 

Benedict Leonard Calvert lj^-7 

Charles Xord Baltimore ^^^^ 

Samuel Ogle 173- 

Thomas Bladen IJ^S 

Charles Lord Baltimore ' '"li' 

Samuel Ogle ^If^ 

Frederick Lord Baltimore 175- 

Horatio Sharpe 1753 

Robert Eden 1769 



.1776 



William Livingston, Republican 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

William Penn 

Thomas Lloyd 

John Blackwell 

Benjamin Fletcher |""^ 

William Penn \ZT! 

Andrew Hamilton ^^"\ 

John Evans 

Charles Gookins 

Sir William Keith 

Patrick Gordon 

James Logan 

George Thomas jj.^2 

Anthony Palmer 'i,*' 

James Hamilton "^° 

Robert Hunter Morris 

William Denny 

James Hamilton 

John Penn 

James Hamilton 

Richard Penn 

John Penn 



1682 
16M4 

1688 
1693 



1704 
1709 

1717 
1726 
1736 
1738 



.1754 
.1756 
..1759 
.1763 
.1771 
.1771 
.1773 

.1777 
1778 



Thomas Wharton, Republican 

Joseph Reed 'X'? 

William Moore |'°^ 

John Dickinson "°r 

Benjamin Franklin ^''^ 

DELAWAEE. 

William Penn 

Sir William Keith 

Patrick Gordon 

George Thomas 

James Hamilton 

Robert Hunter .Morris 

James Hamilton 

John Penn 

Richard Penn 

John Penn 



.1700 
.1721 

.1726 
.1738 
.1745 
.1754 
,.1760 
.1765 
..1768 
..1773 



.1777 

.1778 



•A part of thp rr-'-edins had jurisdiction over Now Jersey. 



Thomas Johnson, Republican 1777 

Thomas Sim Lee 1779 

William Paca 1782 

William Smallwood 1785 

VIRGINIA. 

Sir Thomas Smith lf'06 

Edward M. Wingfield 1607 

John Radclir- 1^07 

John Smith 1608 

George Perov 1610 

Lord DeLa War 1610 

Sir Thomas Dale 1611 

Sir Thomas Gates 1611 

Sir Thomas Dale 1614 

Sir George Yeardly 1616 

Sir Samuel Argale 1617 

Sir George Yeardly 1618 

Sir Thomas Wyatt 1621 

Sir George Yeardly 1626 

Sir George Yeardly 1626 

Francis West 1627 

Doctor John Pott 1628 

Sir John Harvey 1629 

John West 1C35 

Sir John Harvey 1636 

Sir Francis Wyatt 1639 

Sii- William Berckley 1641 

Frederick Kenipe 1644 . 

Sir William Berckley 1645 

Richard Burnett 1652 

Edward Diggs 1655 

Samuel Matthews 1656 

Sir William Berckley 1659 

Francis Morrvson 1661 

Sir William Berckley 1662 

Herbert Jefifries '677 

Sir Heury Checkley 1678 

Lord Culpepper, Governor 1680 

Nicholas Spencer 1683 

Lord Howard, Governor 1684 

Matthew Bacon 1688 

Francis Nicholson 1690 

Sir Edmond Andios 1692 

Francis Nicholson 1698 

Edward Nott 1705 

Edmond Jennings 1706 

Alexander Spottswood 1710 

Hugh Drysdale 1722 

Robert Carter 1726 

William Gooch 1727 

Thomas Lee 1749 

' Lewis Burwell 1749 

i Robert Dinwiddle 1752 



TABULAi; KKCORDS. 



Francis Fauquier 1758 

John Blair 1767 

Lord Botetourt 17f)8 

William Nelson 1770 

Lord Dunmore 1772 

Patrick Henry, Republican 177fi 

Thomas Jefferson 1779 

Thomas Nelson 1781 

Benjamin Harrison 1782 

Patrick Henry 1784 

Edmond Randolph 1786 

NORTH CAEOLIKA. 

Charles Eden 1715 

William Reed 1722 

Sir Richard Everard 1727 

Gabriel Johnson 1734 

Matthew Rowan 1753 

Arthur Dobbs 1754 

William Tryon 1766 

Josiah Martin 1771 

Richard Caswell, Republioan 1777 

Abner Nash 1780 

Thomas Burke 1781 

Alexander Martin 1782 

Richard Caswell 1785 

Samuel Johnson 1788 

SOUTH CAROLINA. 

William Sayle 1670 

Joseph West 1671 

Joseph Yeaman 1671 

Joseph West 1674 

Joseph Morton 1682 

Joseph West 1684 

Richard Kirk 1684 

Robert Quarry 1684 

Joseph Morton l(j,S5 

James Colleton 1686 

Seth .Sothell 1690 

Philip Ludwcll 1692 

Thomas Smith I( 93 

Joseph Blake 1694 

John Archdale 1695 

Joseph Blake 1696 

James Moore 1700 

Nathaniel Johnson 1703 

Edward Tvne 1709 

Robert. Gibbs 1710 

Charles (raven 1712 

Robert Daniel 1716 

Robert .Johnson...' 1719 

James Moore 1719 

Arthur Middleton 1719 

Francis Nicholson 1721 

Arthur Middleton 1725 

Robert Johnson 1730 

Thomas Brougliton 1735 

William Bull.. 1737 

James Glenn 1743 

William H. Littleton 1756 

William BuU 1760 

Thomas Boone 1762 

William l!ull 1763 

Charles Montague 1766 

William Bull..: 1769 

William Campbell 1775 

John Rutledge, Republican 1775 

Rawlins Lownds 1778 

John Rutledge 1779 

John Mathews 1782 



Benjamin Guerard 1783 

William Moultrie 1785 

Thomas Pinckney 1787 



James Edward Oglethorpe 1732 

William Stephens 1743 

Henry Parker 17.t1 

John Reynolds .' 17.i4 

Henry Ellis 17.57 

James Wright 1760 

James Habersham 1771 

William Erwin 1775 

Archibald Bulloch 1776 

Button Gwinnett 1777 

.Tohn A. Treuitlin 1777 

•lohu Houston 1778 i 

.John Wereat 1778 | 

George Walton 1779 | 

Richard Howley 1780 ; 

Stephen Heard 1781 

Nathan Brownson 1781 < 

.John Martin 1782 

Lyman Hall 1783 

John Houston 1784 

Samuel Elbert 1785 

Edward Telfair 1786 

C-reorge Mathews 1787 

George Haudly 1788 



THE STATE AND TERRITORIAL GOVERNORS, 
SINCE THE ADOPTION OF THE FEDERAL 
CONSTITUTION. 

[Obtained Directly from the Several Secretaries of State.'\ 

MAINE. 
Nmne. Term of sermte. 

William King 1820-1822 

Albion K. Parris 1822-1827 

Enoch Lincoln 1827-1829 

Jonathan G. Huntoon 182;i-1831 

Samuel E. Smith 1831-1834 

Robert P. Dunlap 1834-1838 

Edward Kent 183^-1839 

John Fairfield 1839-1840 

Edward Kent 1840-1841 

.John Fairtield 1841-1843 

Edward Kavanaugh (acting) 184:i-I844 

Hugh J. Anderson 1844-1847 

John W. Dana 1847-18.50 

John Hubbard 1850-1853 

William G. Crosby 1853-1855 

Anson P. Morrill 185.5-1856 

Samuel Wells 1856-1. '^S? 

Hannibal Hamlin 1857-18,>7 

.Joseph H. Williams 18.57-18.58 

Lot M. Morrill 1858-18,59 

Lot M. Morrill (re-elected) 1859-1860 

Israel Washburne, Jr 1860-1862 

Abner Cobum 1862-1863 

Samuel Cony 1863-1867 

.Joshua L. Chamberlain 1. ''67-1 871 

Sidney Perham 1871-1874 

Nelson. Dingley, Jr 1874-1.876 

Selden Connor 1876-1879 

Alouzo Garcelon 1879-1880 

Daniel F. Davis 1830-1881 

Harris M. Plaisted 1881-1883 

Frederick Robie 1883. 

Salary. §2,000. 

Term, two years, since 1880. 

Seat of Government, Augusta. 



TABULAR KECOKDS. 



KEW HAMPSHIRE. 
Name. Term of sciTier. 

Josiah Bartlett 179:-179-1 

John Tavlor Gilman 1791-1805 

John Langdon 18ur>-1809 

Jeremiah Smith 1809-1810 

John Langdon 1810-1812 

William Plumer 1812-1813 

John Taylor Gilman 1814-1816 

William Plnmer 181<M819 

Samuel Bell 1819-182:5 

LeviWoodburv 18-23-1824 

David L. Morrill 1824-1827 

Benjamin Pierce 1827-1829 

John Bell 1829-183(1 

Matthew Harvey 1830-1831 

Joseph M. Harper 1831-1831 

Samnel Dinsmoor 1831-1834 

William Badger 1834-1836 

IsaucHill 183(M839 

John Page 1839-184:.' 

Henrv Hubbard 1842-1844 

John H. Steele 1841-1846 

Anthony Colby : 1-^46-1847 

Jared W. Williams 1847-1849 

» Samuel Dinsmoor 1849-1852 

Noah Martin 1852-1854 

Nathaniel B. Baker 1854-1856 

Ralph Mettalf 1856-1856 

Ralph Metcalf. 1856-1857 

William Haile 1857-185' 

' William Haile {re-elect«d) 1858-1859 

' Miabod Goodwin 1859-1861 

Nathaniel S. Beiry 1861-1863 

Joseph A. Gilmore 1863-1865 

Frederick Smvthe 1865-1867 

Walter Harriman 1867-1869 

Onslow Stearns 1869-1871 

James A. Weston 1871-1873 

Ezekiel A. Straw 187:?-1874 

James A. Weston 1874-1875 

Pereon C. Cheney 1875-1877 

Benjamin F. Prescott 1877-1879 

Natt Head 1879-1881 

Charles H. Bell 1881-1883 

Samuel W. Hale 18-'3-1885 

Moody Currier 1885- 

Salary. $1,000. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Concord. 

VEKMONT. 
Xame. Term of srn-icf. 

Thomas Chittenden 1778-1789 

Moses Uobinstm 1789-1790 

Thomas Chittenden 1790-1797 

Paul Brigbam (Lt.-Cov. acting). 

^aa.- Tiohenor...:.Jlk 1797-1807 

-"ifeiael Smit^lJw...:: 1807-1808 

,'■ Isaac TieUe^^Bl 1808-1809 

f Jonas GaliislBp. 1809-1813 

Jlartiii < hitteSleu 1813-1815 

Jon;isGaluiha 1815-1820 

Richard Skinner 1820-1823 

C. P. Van Xess 1823-1826 

■ Ezra Butler 1826-1828 

Samml C. Crafts 1828-1831 

William A. Palmer 1831-1835 

S. J. Jcnison (Lt.-Gov. actiug). 

Silas A. Jenison 1835-1841 

Charles Paine 1841-1S43 

John Mattocks 184:5-1844 

William Slade 1844-1846 

Horace Eaton 1846-1849 

Carlos Coolidge 184;>-1850 

Charles K. Williams 1850-1852 



Era.stus Fairbanks 1>.V2-1853 

.iohn S. Robinson l--5:i-1854 

Stephen Royce lr^o4-I856 

Rvland Fletcher 185f!-1858 

inland Hall 18,5-1-59 

Hiland Hall (re-elected) l-5:-ls60 

ICrastus Fairbanks l.-0t>-1861 

Frederick Holbrouk 1861-1863 

.1. Gregoiy Smith 186:5-1865 

Paul Dillingham 1865-1867 

John B. Page 1867-1869 

Peter T. Washbnm l-69-l>-70 

G. W. Hendee (Lt.-Gov. acting) 1870-1870 

.lohnW. Stewart 1^70-1872 

Jvilins Converse 1-^72-1874 

Isabel Peck 1874-1878 

Redfield Poractor...'^. 1878-I8i0 

Roswell Farnham 1880-18S2 

.Iohn L. Barstow 1882-1884 

Samuel E. Pingree 1884- 

Salary, $1,000. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Montpelier. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 
Name. Term of service. 

John Hancock 17^^9-1794 

Samnel Adams 1794-1797 

Increase Sumner 1797-1799 

Moses Gill (acting) 1799-1800 

Caleb Strong 1-^00-1807 

James Sullivan 1807-1808 

Levi Lincoln (acting) 1808-1809 

Christopher Gore 1809-1810 

Elbridge Gerry 1-10-1812 

Caleb Strong 1<12-1816 

John Brooks 1^16-1823 

William Eustis 1823-1825 

Marcus Morton (acting) 18-25-1825 

Levi Lincoln 1625-1834 

John Davis 1834-1836 

S. T. Armstrong (acting) 1-^36-1836 

Edward Everett 1-^36-1840 

-Marcus Morton 1-^40-1841 

John Davis 1-41-1843 

Jlarcus Jlorton 1843-1844 

George N. Briggs 1-44-18.51 

George S. Boutwell 1K5I-1.'<53 

John H. Clitr.ird I -'5.3-1854 

Emory Washburn l-<54-l'-55 

Henrv J. Gardner 18,55-18.58 

Nathaniel P. Banks l-^5'^-1861 

John A. Andrew 1861-H66 

Alexander H. Bullock 1866-1870 

William aaflin 1870-1872 

William B. Washburn 1872-1875 

William Gaston 1875 1876 

Alexander H. Rice 187()-1.879 

Thomas Talbot 187!) 18^0 

.John D. Long ls80-l-^-i3 

lienjaminF. Butler 18>3- 1-^84 

George D. Robinson 1684- 

Safary, $4,000. 

Term, one year. 

Seat of Government. Boston. 

EHODE ISLAND. 

Name. Term of service. 

Arthur Fenner 1790-1805 

Henrv Smith (acting) 1805-1806 

IsaacWilbur (acting) 1806-1807 

.lames Fenner 1807-1811 

William Jones 1811-1817 

Nehemiah R. Knight 1817-1.-^21 

William C. Gibbs 1S2M824 

William Fenner 1824-1831 



TABULAK KKCUKDS. 



Lemuel H. Arnold 1831-1^33 

Johu B. Francis 18o3-1838 

William Spra^ue 183-S-1839 

Samuel W. King (acting) 1839-1S40 

Samuel \V. King 1840-1843 

James Fenner 1843-1845 

Charles Jackson 1845-1846 

Byron Diman 1846-1847 

Elislia Harris 1847-1849 

Heury B. Anthony 1849-1851 

Philip Allen 1851-1852 

William Teach Lawrence (acting) 1852-1852 

Philip Allen 1852 1853 

Francis M. Dimond 1853-1854 

William W. Hoppin 1854-1857 

Elisha Dyer 1857-1859 

Thomas G. Turner 1859-1860 

William Sprague 1860-1861 

John E. Bartlett (acting) 1861-1862 

William C. Cozzens (acting) 1862-1863 

James Y. Smith 1863-1866 

Ambrose E. Biiruside 1866-1869 

Seth Padelford 1869-1872 

Henry Howard 1872-1875 

Henry Lippett 1875-1877 

Charles C. Van Z;indt 1877-1S80 

Alfred H. Littletield IsSO-1883 

A. U. Bowen 1883-1884 

George P. Wetmore 1884- 

Salary, $1,000. 

Term, one year. 

Seats of Government, Newport and Providence, 
alternately. 



CONNECnCtTT. 



Name. 



Term of nerri 



Samuel Huntington 1785,-179(i 

Oliver Wolcott 1796-1798 

Jonathan Trumbull 1798-1809 

.John Treadwell 1809-1811 

Roger Griawold 1811-1813 

Johu Cotton Smith 1W13-1818 

Oliver Wolcott 1818-1827 

Gideon Tomlinson 1827-1831 

Johu S. Peters Is31-1833 

Henry W. Edwards 1833-1834 

Samuel A. Foote 1834-1835 

Henry W. Edwards 1835-1838 

William W. Ellsworth 1838-1842 

Chauncev F.Cleveland 1842-1844 

Roger S.'Baldwin 1844-1846 

Isaac Toucey 1846-1847 

Clark Bis.sell 1847-1849 

Joseph Trumbull 1849-1850 

Thomas H. Sevmour 1850-1853 

C. H. Pond (acting) ls.53-1854 

Henry Duttou 1854-1855 

William T. Minor 185.3-1857 

Alexander H. HoUey 1857-1858 

William A. Buckin^hani 1858-1866 

Joseph R. Hawley 1866-181.7 

James E. English 1867-1869 

Marshall Jewell 1869-1870 

James E. English Is71)-1871 

Marshall Jewell 1871-1872 

Charles R. Ingersol! 1872-1877 

Riclmrd D. Hubbard 1877-1879 

Charles B. Andrews 1879-1881 

Hobart B. Bigelow 1881-1883 

Thomas M. Waller 1883-1885 

Henry B. Hnrrison 1885- 

Salary, *2,000. 

Term, two years. 

Seats of Government, Hartford and Is'ew Haven, 
alternately. 



NEW YOKK. 
Name. Term of service. 

George Clinton 1789-1795 

John Jay 1795-1801 

George Clinton 1801-1804 

Morgan Lewis 1804-1807 

Daniel D. Tompkins Ih07-1816 

John Taylor (acting) 1816-1817 

De Witt Clinton 1817-1822 

Joseph C. Yates 1822-1824 

De Witt Clinton 1824-1827 

Nathaniel Pitcher (acting) 1827-1829 

JIartin Van Buren 1829-1830 

Enos T. Throop 1831-1833 

William L. Marcy 1833-1839 

William H. Seward 1839-1843 

William C. Bouck 1843-1845 

Silas Wright 1845-1847 

John Young 1847-1849 

Hamilton Fish 1849-1851 

Washington Hunt 1851-1853 

Horatio Seymour 1853-1855 

Myron H. Clark 1855-1857 . 

John A. King 1857-18.39 

Edwin D. Morgan 1859-1863 

Horatio Seymour 1.S63-1865 

Reuben E. Fenton 1865-1869 

.John T. Hoffman 1869-1873 

John A. Dix 1873-1875 

Samuel J. Tilden 1875-1877 

Lucius Robin.son l.-<77-1880 

Alonzo B. Cornell 1880-1883 

Grover Cleveland 1883-1884 

David B. Hill 1884- 

Salary, $10,000 and house. 

Term, three years. 

Seat of GoTernment, Albany. ' 



NEW JBJESKY. 

Name. Term of service. 

William Livingston 1789-1794 

William Patterson 1794-1794 

Richard Howell 1794-1801 

Joseph r.loomfield 1801-1812 

Ar.rou Ogden 1812-1813 

William S. Pennington 1813-1815 

Mahlon Dickerson 1815-1817 

Isaac H. Williamson 1817-1829 

Peter D. Vromm 1829-1832 

Samuel L. Soutliard 1832-1833 

Elias P. Seely 18.33-1^33 

Peter D. Vroom 1833-1836 

Philemon Dickenson 1836-1837 

William Pennington 1837-1843 

Daniel Haines 1843-1844 

Charles C. Stratton 1844-1 '•■48 

Daniel Haines 1848-1851 

George F. Fort 1851-1854 

ix'odman M. Price 1854-1857 

William A. Newell 1857-1860 

Charles S. Oldeu 1860-1863 

Joel Parker 1863-1866 

Marcus L. Ward 1866-1869 

Theodore F. Randolph 1869-1872 

Joel Parker 1872-1875 

Jo.seph D. Bedle 1875-1878 

George B. McClellan 1878-1881 

George C. Ludlow 1881-1884 

Leon Abbett 1884- 

Salary, $5,000. 

Term, three years. 

Seat of Government, Trenton. 



TABULaK kkcurds. 



PENNSYLVANIA. 
Xante. 'J'trin of service. 

Thumas Jlifflin 1790-1790 

Thomas McKean 1799-1808 

Simon Snyder 1808-1817 

William Findlay 1817-1820 

Joseph Heister 1820-1823 

John Aiuhew Shulze 1823-1629 

George Wolf 1829-1835 

Joseph Ritner 1835-1839 

David R. Porter 1839-1845 

Francis K. Shunk 1845-1848 

William F. Johnston 1848-1852 

William Bipler 1852-1855 

James Pollock 1855-1858 

William F. Packer 1858-1861 

Andrew G. Curtin 1861-1867 

John W. Gearv 1867-1873 

Jolin F. Hartranft 1873-1879 

Henry M. Hoyt 1879-1883 

Robert E. Pattison 1883- 

Salary, $10,iiO(), 

Term, four years. 

.Seat of Government. Harrisburg. 

DICLAWAEE. 

Name. Term of service. 

Joshua Clayton I789-17fl6 

Gunning Bedford 171 6-1797 

Daniel Rogers 1797-1788 

Richard Bassett 1798-1801 

James Sykes (acting) 1801-1802 

David Hall 1802-1805 

Nathaniel Mitchell 18(5-1808 

George Trnett 18U8-1811 

Jo.seph Haslett 1811-1814 

Duiiel Rodney 1814-1817 

■John Clarke 1817-1820 

Jacob Stout (acting) 1820-1821 

John Collins 1821-1822 

Caleb Kodney (acting) 1822-1823 

Joseph Haslett 1823-1824 

Samuel Paynter 1824-1827 

George Poindexter 1827-1 830 

David Hazzard 1830-1«33 

Caleb P.Bennett 1833-1837 

Cornelius P. Comegvs 1837-1840 

William B. Cooper 1840-1844 

Thoraas Stockton 1844-1846 

Joseph M;itd (acting) 1846-1846 

R'illiam Temple 1846-1846 

William Thorp 1846-1851 

William H. Ross....^ 1851-1855 

^eterF. Causev 1855-1859 

William Buiton 1859-1863 

William Cannon 1863-1865 

Gove Saulsbury 1865-1871 

James Ponder 1871-1875 

John P. Cochran 1875-1879 

John W.Hall 1879-1-83 

Charles C. Stockley 1883- 

dalary, $2,000. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Dover. 

MAUYLAND. 
Name. Term of service. 

John Eager Howard 1788-1792 

George Plater 1792-1792 

Thomas Sim Lee 1792-1794 

John H.Stone 1794-1797 

John Henrv 1797-179-^ 

Benjamin C^le 1798-1801 

John F. Mercer 1801-1803 

Robert Bowie 1803-1805 

Robert Wright 1805-1809 

Edward Lloyd 1809-1811 



Robert Bowie l-^ll-lspi 

Levin Winder 1812-1815 

C. Ridgelv 1815-1818 

C. W. Gold.sborough 1818-1819 

Samuel Sprigg 1819-1822 

Samuel Stevens 1822-1826 

Joseph Kent 1826-1829 

Daniel Martin 1829-1830 

T. K. Carroll 1830-1831 

Daniel Martin 1831-1831 

George Howard (acting) 1831-1832 

George Howard 1832-1833 

.lames Thomas 1833-1836 

Thomas W. Veasay 1836-1838 

William Gray.son 1838-1841 

Francis Thomas 1841-1844 

Thomas G. Pratt 1844-1848 

Philip F. Thomas 1848-1851 

Enoch L. Lowe 18.51-1854 

Thomas W. Ligon 1854-1858 

Thomas H. Hicks 1858-1862 

Augustus W. Bradlbrd 1862-1866 

Thomas Swann 1866-1867 

Odin Bowie 1867-1872 

William Pinckney White 1872-1875 

James B. C4roome 1875-1876 

John Lee Carroll 1876-1880 

William T. Hamilton lssO-1884 

Robert M. McLane Iss4-1«H5 

Henry Lloyd i^^s5- 

Salary, $4,500, with a furnished liouse. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Annapolis. 

VIBGINIA. 
Name. Term of service. 

Beverlv Randolph 1788-1791 

Henry" Lee 1791-1794 

Robert Brooke 1794-1796 

James Wood 1796-1799 

.James Monroe 1799-1S02 

.Tohn Page 1802-1S05 

William H. Cabell 1805-1808 

John Tyler 1808-1811 

James Monroe 1811-1811 

George W. Smith lsll-1812 

James Barbour 1-^12-1814 

Wilson C. Nicholas 1^14-1816 

.Tames P. Preston 18iU-l819 

Thomas M. Randolph 1819-1822 

James Pleasants 1822-1.S25 

John Tyler 1825-1827 

William B. Giles 1827-1830 

.JohnFlovd 1830-1834 

Littleton W. Tazewell 1834-1836 

Windham Robertson (actiiiii) 1836-1837 

David Campbell 1837-1840 

Thoma.sW. Gilmer 1840-1841 

.Tohn Rutherford 1841-1842 

John M. Gregory 1842-1843 

.Tames McDowell 1843-1846 

William Smith 1846-1849 

John B. Flovd 1849-1852 

.Toseph Johnson 18.52-1858 

Henry A. Wise 18.56 1860 

John Letcher 1860-1864 

Francis H. Pierpont 1864-1868 

Henrv H. Wells 1868-1371 

Gilbert C. Walker 1871-1874 

James L. Kemper 1874-1878 

F. W. M. HolUday 1878-18,82 

William K. Cameron 1882-1886 

1-itzhugh Lee 1886- 

Salary, ?5,( 00. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Richmond. 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



NORTH CAROLINA. 
Name. Term of service. 

Alexander Martin 1789-1792 

Richard D. Spaight 1792-1795 

Samuel Ashe 1795-1798 

William R. Davie 1798-1799 

Benjamin Williams 1799-1802 

James Turner 1802-1805 

Nathaniel Alexander 1805-1807 

Benjamin Williams 1807-1808 

David Stone 180S-1810 

Benjamin Smith 1810-1811 

William Hawkins 1811-1814 

William Miller 1814-1817 

John Branch 1817-1820 

Jesse Franklin 1820-1821 

Gabriel Holmes 1821-182^ 

Hut<;hins G. Burton 1824-1827 

James Iredell 1827-1828 

John Owen 1828-1830 

Montlbrt Stokes 1830-1832 

David L. Swain 1832-1835 

Richard D. Spaiglit 1835-1837 

Edward B. Dudlev 1837-1841 

John M. Morehead 1841-1845 

William A. Graham 1845-1849 

Charles Manley 1849-1851 

David S. Reid 1851-1S5.") 

Thomas Bragg 1855-1859 

John W. Ellis 1859-1661 

Z. B. Vance 1861-1865 

William W. Holden (Provisional) 1865-1865 

Jonathan Worth 1865-1869 

William W. Holdc.-i 1869-1873 

Tod R. Caldwell 1873-1874 

Curtis H. Brogden lS74-lt-77 

Zebulon B. Vanco 1877-1879 

Thomas J. Jarvis 1879-1885 

Alfred M. Scales 1885- 

Salary, $3,000. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Raleigh. 

SOUTH CAROLINA. 

Name. Term of .'service. 

Charles Pinckney 1789-1792 

Aruoldus Vanderhorst 1792-1794 

William Moultrie 1794-1796 

Charles Pinckney 1796-1798 

Edward Rntledge 1798-1800 

John Drayton (acting) 1800-1800 

John Drayton (acting) 1800-1802 

James B. Richardson 1802-1804 

Paul Hamilton 1804-1806 

Charles Pinckney 1806-180S 

John Drayton 1808-1810 

Heniy Middleton 1810-1812 

Joseph Alston 1812-1814 

David R. Williams 1814-1816 

Andrew J. Pickens 1816-1818 

John Geddes .-.1818-1820 

Thomas Bennet 1820-1822 

John L. Wilson 1822-1824 

Richard I. Manning 1824-18i6 

John Taylor 1826-1828 

Stephen D. Miller 1823-1830 

James Hamilton 1830-1832 

Robert Y. Hayne 1832-1834 

George McDuSie 1S:!4-1836 

Pierce M. Butler 1836-1833 

Patrick Noble 1838-1840 

E. K. Hennegan (acting) 1840-1840 

J. P. Richardson 1840-1842 

James H. Hammond 1842-1844 

William Aiken 1844-1846 



David Johnson 1846-1848 

W. B. Seabrook 1848-1850 

John H. Means 1850-1852 

John L. Manning , 1852-1854 

James H. Adams 1854-1856 

R. F. W. Alston 1856-1858 

William H. Gist 1858-1860 

Francis W. Pickens 1860-1862 

M. L. Bonhani 1862-1864 

A. G. Magrath 1864-1865 

Benjamin F. Perry (Provisional) 1865-1866 

James L. Orr 1866-1869 

Robert K. Scott 1869-1873 

F. J. Moses. Jr 1873-1875 

Daniel H. Chamberlain 1875-1876 

Wade Hampton 1876-1879 

W. D. Simpson 1879-1880 

I Thomas B. Jeter (acting) 1880-1880 

j Johnson Hagood 1880-1882 

j Hugh S. Thompson 1S82- 

! Salary, $3,50(1. 

' Term, two years. 

I Seat of Government, Columbia, 

j GEORGIA. 

I Name. Term of service. 

George Walton 1789-1790 

Edward Telfair 1790-1793 

George Matthews 1793-1796 

Jared Irvrin 1796-1798 

James Jackson 1798-1801 

David Emanuel (acting) 1801-1801 

Josiah Tatnall 1801-1802 

John Milledge 1802-1806 

Jared Irwin 1806-1809 

David B. Mitchell 1809-1813 

Peter Early 1813-1815 

David B. Mitchell 1815-1817 

William Raburu 1817-1819 

Matthew Talbot (acting) 1819-1819 

John Clark 1819-1823 

George M. Troup 1823-1827 

John Forsyth 1827-1829 

George R. Gilmer 1829-1831' 

Wilson Lumpkin 1831-1835 

William Schley 1835-1837 

George R. Gilmer 1837-1839 

Charles J. McDonald 1839-1843 

George W. Crawford 1843-1847 

George W. B. Towns 1847-1851 

Howell Cobb 1851-1853 

Herschel V. Johnson 1853-1857 

Joseph E. Brown 1857-1865 

James Johnson (Provisional) 1865-1865 

Charles J. Jenkins...., 1865-1869 

Rufus B. Bullock 1869-1872 

James Milton Smith 1872-1877 

Alfred H. Colquitt 1877-1882 

Alexander H. Stephens 1882-1883 

Henry D. MrDaniel 1883- 

Salary, §4,000. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Milledgeville. 

FLORIDA. 

(Territory.) 
Name. Term of service. 

William P. Duval 1822-1834 

.John H. Eaton 1834-1836 

Richard K. Call 1836-1839 

Robert R. Reid 1839-1841 

Richard K. Call 1841-1844 

John Branch 1844-1845 

(State.) 
William D. Moseley 1845-1849 



TA'.ilLAR RECORDS. 



Thomas Brown 1849-1853 

James E. Broome 1853-1857 

Madison S. Perry 1857-1861 

John Milton lS(il-lS(;4 

William Marvin (Provisional) 1865-18(J6 

Davids. Walker I.S6(>-186>) 

Harrison Reed 1869-187:1 

O. B. Hart 1873-1874 

M. L. Steams 1874-1877 

George F. Brew 1877^1881 

William D. B!e.\ham 1881-1R85 

Edwar<i A. Perry 1885- 

Salary, ?3,500. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Tallahassee. 

ALABAMA. 
Same. Term of service. 

WiUiam W. Bibb l"81')-1820 

Thomas Bibb 1820-1821 

Israel Pickens 1821-1825 

John Murphy 1825-1829 

Gabriel Moore 1829 1831 

John Gayle 18;n-1835 

Clement C. Clay 183.5-1837 

ArthnrP. Bagby 1837-1841 

Benjamin Fitzpatrick 1841-1845 

Joshua L. Martin 1845-1847 

Reuben Chapman 1^47-1849 

Henry W. Collier 1849-1853 

John A. Winst(m lt^53-1857 

Andrew B. Moore 1857-1861 

John G. Shorter 1861-1863 

Thomas H. Watts lf^63-1865 

Lewis E. Parsons (Provisional) 1865-1865 

R. M. Patton .1865-1869 

Wm. H. Smith 1S69-1871 

Robert B. Lindsay 1871-1872 

David P. Lewis 1872-1874 

Georges. Houston 1874 1878 

R. W. Cobb 187f^l8S2 

E. A. O'Neal 1882- 

Salary, 5^3,0110. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Montgomery. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

(Territory.) 
Name. Term of sermce. 

Winthrop Sargent 1798-1802 

W. C. C. Claiborne 1802-1805 

Robert Williams 1S05-1809 

David Holmes 1-09-1817 

(State* 

David Holmes 1817-1819 

George Poindexter 1819-1821 

Walter Leake 1821-1825 

David Holmes 182.5-1.827 

Gerard C. Brandon 1827-1831 

Abraham M. Scott 1831-1833 

Hiram G. Runnels •....: -^33-1835 

Charles Lvuch 1835-1837 

Alexander G. MeNutt 1837-1841 

Tilgham M. Tucker 1841-1843 

Albert G. Brown 1843-1848 

Joseph W. Mathews 184-^-1850 

.lohn A. Quit man H30-1851 

.John J. Guion (acting) 1851-1851 

James Whitfield 1851-1852 

Henry S. Foots 1852-1854 

John .1. MacRae 1854-1853 

William McWillie 18.58-1860 

John J. Pettus 1860-1862 

Jacob Thompson 1862 

Wm. L. Sharkey (Provisional) 1865-1866 

Benjamin G. FTumphries 1866-1868 



.Tames L. Alcorn ^^**"^^lal? 

R.C. Powers •18741876 

.\delbert Ames , Z. Tolo 

John M. Stone la^o 

Robert Lowery lo°»- 

Salary, |4,000. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of (iovernment, Jackson. 

LOUISIANA. 
(Territory o£ Orleans.) 
Narae. Term of .service. 
William C. C. Claiborne 1804-1812 

William 0. 0. aaiborne '■ l^}?"!^!!! 

.Tames ViUare ^:^. - ^^^U 

Thomas B. Robertson Ji^oo «oI 

H. S. Tliibodeau3$ (acting) ;",o7~iaoQ 

Henry Johnson :;.;::v;;.:::}8s!:}8i^ 



Peter Derbigney.... 

A. Bauvais (acting)..... mmw^ 

Jacques Dupre (acting) lQor}o,4 

Andre B. Roman \flwlt 

Edward D. White ^^^^41 

Andre B. Roman ^,^Ha.s 

.\lexander Mouton lo.i i^tn 

Isaac .Tohnson lltt]^ 

Joseph Walker |P™s 

Paul O. Hebert |«^tj860 

R. C. Wickliffe ^o^n ,Sfi^ 

Thomas O. Moore -^^^864 

Michael Hahn lopt «fi7 

James M.Wells • •■-:■■•• }864-jb67 

B F Flanders (by militarv authority) lsb--18bB 

Henry C. Warmouth ! -!!t"lQ-c 

WiUiam Pitt Kellogg «-p iwin 

Francis T. Nichols ]^','^~,'a^? 

LouisA. Wiltz It,' 

Samnel D. McEnery 18'5l- 

Salary, $8,000. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, New Orleans. 

TEXAS. 
Name. ^'«'""' "■'" «'"'«'*• 
J. Pinckney Henderson }^i^l5!I 

Edward M. Pease i'«--"1hw 

H. G. Runnels IS';^ri«fiT 

Sam Houston ]trV,J\ 

F R. Lubbeck ^'''" ,^^^ 

A J. Hamilton (Provisional) ^^^aiQc- 

J. W. Throckmorton io!- ,oSA 

E. M. Pease la^Al u-? 

Edmund J. Davis ]o:Ma;« 

Richard Coke |o^^ «7q 

Richard B. Hubbard |«-1q"Js« 

O. M. Roberts I^uil 

.Tohn Ireland 1«8<J- 

Salary, $1,000. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Austin. 

ARKANSAS. 
(Territory.) 
2^„,ne Term of sermce. 

James Miller 1819-1825 

George Izard ,ooq" «•« 

,Iohn Pope o.^?ioo« 

William S. Fulton lb3->-18o6 

(State.) 

James S. Conwav 1836-1840 

Archibald Yell 1840-1844 

•Samuel Adams (acting) 1844 1844 

I ThomasS. Drew 1844-1848 



TABULAR KEfORDS. 



\ 



John S. Roane l-'48-1852 

Elias N. Conway 1852-1860 

Henry M. Rector 1860-1864 

Isaac Murphy 1864-1869 

Powell Clayton 1869-1872 

O. A. Hadley {ex off.) 1872-1873 

Harris Flannegan 1873-1874 

Elisha Baxter 1874-1875 

A. H. Garland 1875-1877 

William R. Miller 1877-1881 

Thomas J. Churchill 1881-1883 

James H. Berry : 1883-1885 

Simon P. Hughes 1885- 

Salary, $3,UUU. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Little Rock. 
TENNESSEE. 
Name. Term of service. 

John Sevier 1796-1801 

Archibald Roane 1801-1803 

John Sevier 1803-1809 

"William Blount 1809-1815 

Joseph McMinn 1815-18-21 

William Carroll 1821-1827 

Sam Houston 1827-1829 

William Carroll 1829-1835 

Newton Cannon 1835-1839 

James K. Polk 1839-1841 

James C. Jones 1841-1845 

Aaron V. Brown 1845 1847 

Neil S. Brown 1847-1849 

William Trousdale 184,1-1851 

William B. Campbell 1851-1853 

Andrew Johnson, 1853-1857 

Isham G. Harris 1857-1861 

Andrew Johuson (military) 1862-1864 

W. G. Brownlow 186.V1869 

DeWitt C. Senter 1869-1871 

JohnC. Brown 1871-1875 

James D. Porter, Jr 1875-1879 

AJbert S. Marks 1879-1881 

Alvin Hawkins 1881-1883 

William B. Bate 1883- 

Salary, $4,000. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Nashville. 

KENTIjCKY. 
Niime. Term of service. 

Isaac Shelby 1792-1796 

James Garrard 1796-1804 

Christopher (inenup 1804-1808 

Charles Scott 1808-1812 

Isaac Shelby 1812-1816 

George Madison .' 1816-1816 

G. Slaughter (acting) 1816-1820 

John Adair 1820-1824 

Joseph Desha 1824-1828 

Thomas Metcalfe 1828-1832 

John Breathitt 1832-1834 

J. T. Morehead (acting) 1834-1836 

James Clark 1836-1837 

C. A. Wickliffe (actin-) 1839-1840 

Robert P. Letcher • 1840-1844 

William Owsley 1844-1848 

John J. Crittenden 1848-1850 

John L. Helm (acting) 1850-1851 

Lazarus W. Powell 1851-1855 

Charles S. Morehead 1855-1859 

Beriah Magoffin 1859-1861 

J. F. Robinson 1861-1863 

Thomas E. Bramlette 1863-1867 

John L. Helm 1867-1867 

John W. Stevenson (acting) 1867-1868 

John W.Stevenson 1868-1H71 

P. H. Leslie 1871-1875 



.iames B. McCreary 1875-1879 

Luke P. Blackburn 1879-1883 

J. Proctor Knott 1883- 

Salary, $5,000, and house furnished. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Frankfort. 

OHIO. 
(Territory.) 
Name. Tcnii of service. 

Arthur St. Clair 17881803 

(Sbrte.) 

Edward Tiffin 1803-1807 

Thomas Kirker (acting) 1807-1807 

Samuel Huntington 1808-1810 

Return J. Meigs 1810-1814 

Othniel Looker (acting) 1814-1814 

Thomas Worthingtou 1814-1818 

Ethiin Allen Browu 1818-1822 

Allen Trimble (acting) 1822-1822 

Jeremiah Morrow 1822-1826 

Allen Trimble 1826-1830 

Duncan McArthur 1830-1832 

Robert Lncas 1832-1836 

Joseph Vance 1836-1838 

Wilson Shannon 1838-1840 

Thomas Corwin 1840-1842 

Wilson Shannon 1842-1844 

Thomas W. Bartley (acting) 1844-1844 

Mordecai Bartley 1844-1846 

William Bebb 1846-1848 

Seabury Ford 1848-1850 

Reuben Wood 1850-1853 

William Medill .- 1853-1^56 

Salmon P. Chase 1856-1860 

William Dennison 1860-1862 

David Tod....." 1862-1864 

John Brough 1864-1865 

Charles Anderson (a<ling) lS(i,5-1866 

Jacob D. Cox 1866-1868 

Rutherford B. Hayes 1868-1872 

Edward F. Noyes, 1872-1874 

William Allen 1874-1876 

Rutherford B. Hayes 1876-1876 

Thomas L. Young 1876-1878 

Richard M. Bishop 1878-1880 

Charles Foster 1880-1884 

George Hoadley 1884-1886 

Joseph B. Foraker 1886- 

Salary, $4,0U0. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Columbus. 

MICHIGAN. 
(Territory.) 
Naine. Term of service. 

William Hull 1805-1814 

Lewis Cass 1814-1831 

George B. Porter 1831-1834 

Stevens T. Mason (acting) 1834-1835 

J. S. Horner (acting) 1835-1836 

(St;tle.) 

Stevens T. Mason 1-136-1840 

William Woodbridge 1840-1841 

J. W. Gordon (acting) 1S41-1842 

John S. Barry 1842-1846 

Alpbeus Feli-h 1846-1847 

W. L. Greenley (acting) l'-'47-1848 

Epaphroditus Ransom 184-<-1850 

John S. Barrv 1850-1852 

Robert McClelland 1852-1853 

A. Parsons (acting) 1853-1855 

Kinsley S. Bingham 1855-1857 

Kinsley S. Bingham 1857-1859 

Moses Wisner 185:1 1861 

.\ustin Blair 1861-1865 

Henry H. Crapo 186.V1S69 



TABU]. AH KECOKDS. 



Henry P. Baldwin 1869-1873 

John J. Bagley 1873-1877 

Charles M. Croswell I877-1S81 

David H. Jerome 1881-1883 

Josiah W. Begole 1883-1885 

Russell A. Alger 1885- 

Salary,$l,000. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Lansing. 

INDIANA. 
(Territorj-.) 
Name. Term of service. 

William H. Harrison lsOO-1811 

John Gibson (acting) 1811-1813 

Thomas Posey 1813-1816 

(State.) 

Jonathan Jennings 1816-1822 

William Hendricks Is22-18;2r, 

James Brown Ray 1823-1831 

Noah Noble 1831-1837 

David Wallace 1837-1H40 

Samuel Bigger Irt40-1843 

James Whitcomb 1843-18.18 

Paris C. Dunning 1848-1849 

Joseph A. Wright -. 1849-18.57 

Ashbel P. Willard 1857 Died 

Abraham A. Hammond 1860—1861 

Henrys. Lane 1861-1861 

Oliver P. Morton 18:;l-1867 

Conrad Baker 1867-1873 

Thomas A. Hendricks 1873-1877 

James D. Williams ,1877-18^0 

Isaac P. Gray (aclingi 1880-1881 

Albert G. Porter 1881-1885 

Isaac P. Gray 1885- 

Salary, $5,000. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of tiovernment, Indianapolis. 

ILLINOIS. 
(Territory.) 
Name. Term of service . 

Ninian Edwards 1809-1818 

(.Suite ) 

Shadrach Bond 1818-1822 

Edward Coles 1822-1820 

Ninian Edw.ards 1826-1830 

.Tohn Reynolds 1830-1834 

Joseph Ducan 1834-1838 

Thomas Carlin 1838-1842 

Thomas Ford 1842-1846 

Augustus C. Frencli l'<46-]853 

Joel A. Matteson 1853-1857 

William H. Bissell 1857-1860 

John Wood (acting) 1860-1861 

Richard Yates 1861-1865 

Richard J. Oglesby 1865-1869 

John M. Palmer .' 1869-1873 

John L. Beveridge 1873-1877 

Shelby M. CuUom 1877-1883 

John M. Hamilton 1883-1885 

Richard J. Oglesby 1885- 

rialary, $6,000. 

Terra, four years. 

Seat of Government, Springfield. 

MISSOUKI. 
(Territory.) 
Name. Trrm of sermce. 

Benjamin Howard 1812 

William Clark 

(State.; 

Alexander McNair 1820-1824 

Frederick Bate-s 1824-1826 

John Miller 1826-1832 

Daniel Dunklin..: 1S3M836 



L. W. Boggs 1836-1840 

Thomas Reynolds 1840-1844 

John C. Edwards 1844-1848 

Austin A. King 1848-1.S53 

Sterling Price Is53-ls57 

Trusten Polk 1857-1857 

Hancock .Jackson (acting) 1857-18.57 

R. M.Stewart 1857-1861 

Claiborne F. .lackson 1861-1861 

H. R. Gamble 1861-1864 

Thomas C. Fletcher 1864-1868 

Joseph W. McClurg .1868-1871 

B. Gratz Brown 1871-1873 

Silas Woodson lS7:i-1875 

Charles H. Hardin 1H75-1877 

John S. Phelps 1877-1881 

Thomas T. t'littenden 1S81-1885 

J. S. Marraaduke 1:^85- 

Salary, $5,000. 
Term, four years. 
• Seat of Government. .Jefferson City. 

IOWA. 
(Territory.) 
Name. Tmii of aerviee. 

Robert Lucas 1838-1841 

John ChamJjers 1841-1846 

James Clark 1846-1846 

'f^tiltC.) 

Ansel Briggs 1846-1850 

Stephen Hempstead 1850-1854 

James W. Grimes l-'54-1858 

Ralph P. Lowe 1858-1860 

S. J. Kirkwood 1-S60-1864 

William M. Stone 1864-1868 

Samuel Merrill 1S(!8-1872 

C. C. Carpenter 1872-1876 

S. J. Kirkwood 1876-1877 

Joshua G. Newbold 1877-1878 

John H. Gear 187&-1882 

Buren R. Sherman 1882-1886 

William Larrabee ,1886- 

Salary, $3,000. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Des Moines City. 

WISCONSIN. 
(Territiiry.) 
Name. Trrm of service. 

Henry Dodge 183ti-1841 

.lame's D. Doty 1841-1844 

Nathaniel P. Tallraadge 1S44-1845 

Henry Dodge 1845-1848 

(State ) 

Nelson Dewev 1848-1851 

Leonard J. Farwell 18.51-1853 

William A. Barstow 1853-1855 

Coles Bashford 1855-1857 

Alexander W. Randall ls.57-1861 

Edward Solomon I>61-18li3 

James T. Lewis 1863-1866 

Lucius Fairchild...*. 1866-1872 

C. C. Washburne 1872-1874 

William B. Taylor 1874-1876 

Harrison Luddingtou 1 876-1 878 

William E. Smith 1878-1882 

Jeremiah M. Rusk 1882- 

Salary, $5,000. 

Term, three years. 

Seat of Government, Madison. 

CALlFOKNI.\. 
Name. Term of aerince. 

Peter H. Burnett 1849-1851 

John McDougall (acting) 1851-1852 

.John Bigler 1852-1856 



TABULAR RECORDS. 



.1. Neely Johnson IR-ii;-1858 

John B. Weller 1858-1800 

M. S. Latham 1860-1862 

John G. Downey 18fi0-1869 

Leland Stanford 1862-1863 

Frederick F. Low 1863-1868 

Henry H. Haight 1868-1871 

Newton Booth 1871-1875 

William Irwin 1875-1879 

George C. Perkins 1879-181-3 

George Stoneman 1883- 

Salary, $6,000. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government. Sacramento. 

MINNESOTA. 

(Territory.) 
Name. Tn-m ufserince. 

Alexander Ramsev 1849-1853 

Willis A. Gorman 1853-1857 

Samuel Medary 1857-1858 

(State.) 

Henry H. Sibley 1858-1858 

Alexander Ramsey 1858-1862 

Stephen Miller 1862-1866 

William R. Marshall 1866-1.870 

Horace Austin 1870-1874 

C. R. Davis 1874-1876 

John S. Pillsburv 1876-1882 

Lncins F. Hubbard 1882- 

Salary, $3,800. 

Term, two yeare. 

Seat of Government, St. 1 aul. 

OEEGON. 
(Territory ) 
Name. Term of service. 

James Shields 1848 

.Joseph Lane 1848 

John P. Gaines 1850 

.Toseph Lane 1853 

.rohn W. Davis 1853 

George L. Curry 1854 

(Stale.) 

John Whittaker 1859-1862 

A. C. Gibbs 1^62-1.866 

George L. Woods 1866-1870 

L. F. Grover 1870-1877 

S. F. Chadwiok 1.87V-1878 

W. W. Thayer 1878-1882 

F. F. Moody 18S2- 

Salary, .$1,500. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Salem. 

KANSAS. 

(Territory.) 
Name. Term of service. 

A. H. Reeder 1854 

John L. Daw.son (declined).....^ 1855 

Wilson .Shannon 1855 

John W. (leary 1856 

K. .T. Walker 1857 

J. W. Denver 1858 

F. P. Stanton 1858 

(State.) 

Charles Robinson 1861 

Thomas Carney 1861-1864 

S. J. Crawford 1K>4-18U9 

James M. Harvey 1"69-1873 

Thomas A. Osborne 187:V1877 

George T. Anthony 18-,7-1879 

John P. St. John 1879-1883 

George \f. Glick 188:1-1885 



John A. Martin 1885- 

Salary, $3,000. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Topeka. 

WEST VIRGINIA. 
Name. Term of service 

Arthur I. Boreman 1861-186 

William E. Stevenson 1869-187 

John J. Jacob 1871-187 

Henry M. Matthews 1877-1881 

Jacobs. Jackson 1881-188'^ 

E. Willis Wilson 1885- 

Salary, $2,700. 

Term, lour years. 

Seat of Grovernment, Wheeling. 

NEVADA. 
(Territory.) 
Name. Term of service. 

James W. Nye 1861-1864 

(State ) 

H. G. Blaisdell 1864-1871 

James A. We.ston 1871-1872 

L. R. Bradley 1872-1878 

John H. Kinkead 1878-1883 

Jewett W. Adams 1883- 

Sahiiy, $5,000. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government. Carson City. 

NEBHA.SKA. 

(Terrilofy.^ 
Name. Term of service. 

William O. Butler (declined) 1854 

Francis Burt 1854 

Mark W. Izard 1854 

William A. Richardson 1 857 

Samuel W. Black 1861 

Alviu Saunders 1864 

(State ) 

David Butler 1867-1.->71 

William H. James 1«71-1«73 

R. W. Furnas 1873-1.S75 

Silas Garber 1875-1879 

Albinus Nance 1S79-1883 

James W. Dawes 1883- 

Salary, $-',500. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Omaha City. 

COLORADO. 
(Territory.) 
Name. Term of service. 

John Evans 1861 

.Alexander Cummings 1865 

A. C.Hunt 1867 

E. M. McCook 1869 

John L. Routt 1875 

J. M. Tyner 1875 

(State.) 
John L. Routt 187& 1879 

F. W. Pitkin 187}I-1883 

James B. Grant 188;-- 1884 

Benjamin H. Eaton 188N- 

Salary, $3,000. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Denver. 

TEEBITORY OF NEW MEXICO. 
Name. Term of Krrvict. 

James S. Calhoun 1851 

William Carr Lane 185a 

.■^olon Borland 1853 

Dai id Merriwether /V53 



TABULAK KEOORDS. 



John Greiner 1^55 

Abraham Kcncher 1^^ ' 

Henrv Counellv ^^''^ 

KobeitB. Mitchell 1^65 

'W. M. T. Aruv (acting) IS*"" 

William A. Pile 1869 

Charles C. Crowe 1869 

Willard Warner 1871 

Marsh Giddings l^'l 

Samuel B. Axtell '875 

Lewis Wallace 1878 

L. A. Sheldon .••18.'-1 

E. G. Ross 1885 

Salary, Si, 600. 

Term, four ye.Trs. 

Seat of Government, Santa Fe. 

TEKEITOKY OF UTAH. 
Nnme. '^'<"" "f S'"'"''''''- 

Brigham Young 1850 

Edward J. Steptoe lf^'_'4 

Alfred Cummings 18;)7 

S. S. Harding l^f'l 

James D. Doty 1864 

Charles Durkee 1865 

I. Wilson ShalTer I'^j^O 

Vernon H. Vaughn If'TO 

George L. Woods 1871 

S. B. Axtell ; 18^4 

George W. Emory 18~o 

Eli H. Murray.. 1880 

Salary, $2,600. 

Term, four yeara. 

Seat of Government, Salt Lake City. 

WASHINGTON TEEEITOKY. 
jffimc. Ttim of .vcrei'cf. 

Isaac I. Stevens 18S3 

J. Patton Anderson ^''^ 

Fayette McMullen 1857 

Richard D. Gholson ISQl 

William H. Wallace l""!;; 

William Pickering 1^<>1 

MarshaUF. Moore 1867 

Alvin Flanders ^^"9 

Edward S. Salomon 1870 

James F. Legate '872 

ElishaP. Ferry |^7„ 

William A. Newell '^'O 

Watson C. Squire 1884 

Salary, $2,600. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Olympia. 

TKEItlTORY OF DAKOTA. 
Y^„,(, Term of service. 

William Jayne 1861 

Newton Edmunds 186,, 

Andrew J. Faulk ^'l'' 

John A. Burbank ^!^- 

Jolm L.Pennington '874 

William A. Howard '"''^ 



Nehemiah G. Ordway 1880 

Gilbert A. Pierce 1884 

Salary, $2,600. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Yankton. 

TEREiroHY OK AEIZON'A. 

mme. jf«™ of.'iervice. 

John A. Gurley (declined) .....1862 

•John N. Goodwin 1863 

M. M. Crocker (military) 1864 

Richard C. McCormick 1806 

A. P. K. Safford 18"9 

.John C. Fremont 18'78 

Frederick A. Tritle 1'"^'^- 

C. M. Zulick 1885 

Salary, |2,600. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Prescott. 

TEKKITOEY' OF IDAHO. 
}fame. Term "/ service. 

William H. Wallace 1863 

Caleb Lyon, of Lyousdale 1864 

Davicl W. Ballard '806 

Samuel Bard 1870 

Gilraan Marston 1870 

Alexander Connor 1871 

Thomas M. Bowen 1871 

Thomas W. Bennett 1871 

Mason Bra vnian 1876 

.John B. Neil 1880 

John N. Irwin 1883 

E. A. Stevenson 1885 

• Salary, 13,500. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Boise City. 

lEEKrrOEY OF jrONTANA. 
jXiime. 'rmn of service. 

Sidney Edgerton 1864 

Francis Meagher (acting) 1865 

Green Clay Smith 1866 

James M. Ashley 1869 

Benjamin F. Potts 1870 

John S. Crosby 188:i 

S. T. Houser 18-^5 

Salary, .83,500. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Virginia t'ity. 

TEUKM'OEY OF WYO.MIXG. 
Name. Ter.n nf service. 

James A. Campbell 1869 

John M. Tluive- 1875 

John W. Hovt 1-<7S 

William Hale 1882 

Frauds E. Warren 1885 

Salary, S-.600. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Cheyenne. 



TABULAR IvECORDS. 



SETTLEMENT OF STATES AND TERRITORIES. 

THB XHIBTBEN OBlaiKAI. STATES THAT KOKMKD AKB COK.IBMKD THE ^10^. BT THE A.OPTIO., 
OP THE CONSTITUTION, AEB AS roLLOT\ S : 



NEW HAMPSHIRE. 

First settled at Dover and Portsmouth, in l',i23. by 
the English Puritans. ^ 

Embraced under the charters of Massachusetts, and 
continued under the same Jurisdiction until Septem- 
Der l», lb/9, when a separate charter and sovern- 
ment was granted. A Constitution w.as formed .Jau- 
uarj- 5. 1776 which was altered in 1784, and was 
further altered and amended February 13 1792 

This State ratified the Constitution of the United 
states, June 21, 1788. 

o~A^''?2,v;^'o'^ *'^"'^'''" ™''^-''- Population in 1 850, 317 - 
9.*.; I860, 326,073; 1870, 318,300; 1880, 346,99i. 



MASSACHUSETTS. 
First settled at Plymouth, by English Puritans 
Irom Holland, who lauded, Becemljer 22 1620 

-.n^'^R.^Jf'"^' ^^T"^ ^' ^''^^^ '^''^° chartered, January 
\~-2 ■ ?° e.xplanatory charter granted, August 20 
J~;r ""S ^°J^ completely chartered, October 7! 
1731. l.ormed a Constitution, March 2, 1780, which 
was altered and amended, November 3, 1820 and on 
several occisions since that time. 

Rati lied the Constitution of the United States, Feb- 
ruary 6, 1/98. 

<.q4 -?j' ~d«n ""^,"f,^ "''^^*- Population in 1850, 
l,783?0a5. ' ^'"=^^'"^'^5 1870, 1,457,351; 1880; 

RHODE ISLAND. 

First settled at Providence, in 1636, by Roger Wil- 
hams and the English. ' . j' g ^ 

Was cOiartered by Parliament in 1614; by King 
«»;"<» 11;, •» 1663, which charter was ab^glted if 
!'-(.. Had an unwritten Con.stituti<m until 1*42 
when a^ written Constitution was adopted. 
29. 1790 ' 'on^«t"«on of the United States, May 

lA- -?=; I'lio fi'l""'' ""'''^- Population in 1850. 
I4/,o45; 1860, 174,020; 1870, 217,3.53; 1880, 276,53i: 

CONNECTICUT. 
^ First settled at Windsor, in 1635, by English Pur- 

i:mbraced under the charters of -Massachusetts, and ' 

.out uiued under the same jurisdiction until April 23 ' 

'..^. when a separate charter was granted, which ' 

SmblrTslTlia"*" ^ '^'''^ -- '^-^'^^ 

.,«rv*i,"i~«'?*'*^°'*"°*'°° Of the United States, Jan- 

uar\ y, i /oft. 

TMl^-^- \Iru w^.°?^'S "^i'^^- Population in 1850, 
370,79-^: 1860, 460,147; 1870, 537,454; 1S80, 622,700. 

NEW YORK. 
Diftt^* ^^^^^^ "^ Manhattan Island, in 1614, by the 
Grautedto Duke of York, March 20, 16i;4, April 26 
1664, and June 24, 1664^ Newly patented.'FeCuary 
.'. 16,4; formed a Constituriun. April 20 1777 which 
wa.« amended October 27, 1801, .and further amended 
Ao .^-mber 10, 1821. A new Constitution was Wed 

26 ''"l 788^*^ *^^ Constitution of the United States, J uly 

o t^~\ '"'^^^ ^l"^" ^'^^^^ Population in 1850 
lo'o^n: ' 3,880,735: 1870, 4,382.759; llu; 



NEW JERSEY. 

Diu!?i?*»n*i*n'^ ^* ^''^*°' ^ 1^20, by the Swede, 
i-'ntrn, and Danes. 

.t5''''V"i?'''l "'"/*"'' grants as New York; separ- 
ated into East and West Jersey. March 3 1677 Th,- 
govcriiment surrendered to the Crown in ro2 anr' 
^klyZ'mi """'^ * formation of a Constitutio 

cembe??8. ^8?°°'"*°*'°° °'*^^ ^'°"'''' •^*='*- 

Aan^^Ki ?'?i?? square miles. Population • 
489,.555; 1860, 672,035; 1870, 906,096; 188' I.-:, 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

First settled on the Delaware River, in 1682 ! 
William Penu and the English 

™"' '^''P*.'''",^,^i' '-28, 1776; amended, .September 2 

?. V??'^/^^^^^' •''°'' '° 1857; also in 1873. 
cemter 12, 178?°'"*""°''°^ ""^ ^'""^'^ ^***^^- "^^ 
'>q^i^2L,.^^0*;*0 si"^™ miles. Population in 18.50, 
vSsOl' • ^'^'^'^''-^l^! 1870. 3,521,951; 1880', 

DELAWARE. 

and' Finns**^^*^ ** ^"^^ Uenlopen, in 1627, by Swedes 

Embraced in the charter and continued under the 
government of Pennsylvania until the formarion of a 
ronstitution. September 20, 1776; anew Consritntion 

Th ^^""^ 1'-^' 17^2, and amended in 1831 
cember? 178*7*'°°^"*""°° °'"*''^ United States, De- 

^■■t^^':\\ "^'1^" square miles. Population in 18.50 91 - 
5^2; 1860, 112,216; 1870, 125,015; 1880, 146,608. ' 

MARYLAND. 

First settled at St. Mary, in 1634, by Roman Cath- 
lies and English. 

ChartCTed June 20, 1632; formed a Constitution 
i-Z^'^nH ; 7,, ' "''"'^'' ^'"^ ameiKled in 1795 and 
is-ii amended in November, 1812 and 

•'s'^nSS*'' *^^ Constitution of the United States, April 

Area, 11,124 square miles. Population in 18.50 
083,034; 1860, 687,049; 1870, 780,894; 1S80 934 M3 

Sept:mb';:"l86f °' '"''"''°'^' ^'"^''^^' '^^''^'^ ^ 

VIRGINIA. 

^First settled at Jamestown, in 1607, by the En- 

i..*"T«i'o%*''^' ^P"!!''- l*^""^' *l^y 23, 1609, and March 
1-, 1612; formed a Constitution, July 5, 1776; amend- 
ed, January 15, 1830. 

op^?-iu'"^ *'''^ Constitution of the United States. June 

1 t^^l'c^^'^l'^ ^1°''" ™'1«8. Population in 1850 

1 Sl-Vsfjs' "' l'-l-'-63«; 1870,'^1,225,163; 1880, 

Seceded April, 1861. Re-admitted .Tanuary, 1870 



NORTH CAROLINA.. 



Krst settled in Albemarie, in 1650, by the En- 
Chartered, March 20, 1663, and June 30, 1665; 



TABULAR KECOKDS. 



formed a Constitution, December 18, 1776, which was 
amfiuied in 1845. 

Ratified the Constitution of the United States, No- 
vember 21, 1789. 

/ Area, 50,704 square miles. Population in 1850, 
869,839; 1860, 992,622; 1870, 1,071,361; 1880, 1,399,- 
750. 

Seceded May, 18fil. Re-admitted Jane, 1868. 

SOUTH CAROLINA. 

First settled at Port Royal, in 1670, by the Hugue- 
its; in 1689 by the English. 

"uibraced in the charters of Carolina or North 

Una. from which it was separated in 1729; 

1 a Constitution, March 26, 17 T6, which was 

■i, March 19, 1778, and .Tune 3, 1790. 

1 the Constitution of the United States, May 

100 square miles. Population in 1850, 

703,708; 1870. 705,(; ■ i; 1880, 995,.577. 
■ »mber, 1860. Re-iulmitted June, 1868.. 

GEORGIA. 

Fii.5i settled at Savannah, in 1733, by Oglethorpe 
and English. 

Chartered June 9, 1732; formed a Constitution, 
February 5, 1777, a second in 1785, a third May 30, 
179S. and amended in 1839. 

Ratitied the Constitution of the United States, Jan- 
uary 2, 1788. 

Area, 58.000 square miles. Population in 1850, 
906.185; 1860, 1,057,286; 1870, 1,184,109; 1880, 1,- 
542.1^0. 

Seceded January, 1861. Re-admitted June, 1868. 



THE STATES ADMITTED INTO THE UNION SINCE THE 
ADDPTIOX OF THE FEDEKAX CONSTITUTION AEE 
AS FOLLOWS: 

VERMONT. 

First settled at Fort Dummer. in 1764, by Eng- 
lish from Connecticut, and under grants from New 
Hampshire. 

Formed from Territory of New York. 

Admitted March 4, 1791. 

A constitution adopted July '■>, 1793. 

Area, 10,212 .square miles. Population in 1850, 
314,130; 1860, 315,098; 1870,330,551; 1880, 332,286. 

KENTUCKY. 

First settled near Lexington, in 1765.- 

Formed from Territory of Virginia. 

Admitted June 1, 1792. 

A Constitution laid before Congress, November 7. 
1792. 

A new Constitution adopted, August 17, 1799. 

Area, 37,680 square miles. Population in ISoO, 
982,405; 1860, l,155,(i84; 1870, 1,321.011; 1880, 1,- 
64>*,6H0. 

TENNESSEE. 

First settled at Fort Donelson, in 1756. 

Fcjrmed from Territory of North Carolina in 1790. 

Adopted a Constitution, February 6, 1796, and 
amended in 1835. 

Admitted June 1, 1796. 

Area, 45,600 square miles. Population in 1850, 
1.002,717; 1860, 1,109,801; 1870, 1,253,.520; 1880, 
1,. 542,359. 

Seceded June, 1861. Re-admitted July, 1866. 

OHIO. 

First settled at Marietta, iu 1788. 
Formed from Nortliwe.st Territory. Organized as 
Territory by Ordinance ul' 17^7. 



Adopted a Constitution, November 1, 1802; adopted 
a new one in 1851. 

Admitted November 29, 1802. 

Area, 39,964 square miles. Population in 1850, 
1,980,329; 1880, 2,339,511; 1870, 2,665,260; 1880, 3,- 
198,062. 

LOUISIANA. 

First settled at Iberville, in 1699. 

Formed from French Territory. Organized as 
Territory, March 3, 1805. 

Adopted a Constitution, January 22, 1812, and 
amended it in 1845 and 1852. A new Constitution 
formed in 1864. 

Admitted April 30, 1812. 

Area, 41,316 square miles. Population in 1850, 
517,762; 1860, 708,002; 1870, 726,915; 1880,939,946. 

Seceded January, 1861. Re-admitted June, 186S. 

INDIANA. 

First settled at Vincennes, in 1730. f 

Formed from Northwest Territory. Organized as 
Territory, July 4, 1800. 

Adopl^ed a Constitution, June 29, 1816, and 
amended in 1851. 

Admitted December 11, 1816. 

Area. 33,809 sqnaie miles. Population in 1850, 
988,416; 1860, 1,330,428; 1870, l,6d0,637; 1880, 1,- 
978,301. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

First settled at Natchez, in 1716. 

Formed from Territory of South Carolina and 
Georgia. Organized as Territory. April 7, 1798. 

Adopted a Constitution, March 1, 1817. and 
amended in 1832. 

Admitted Decemlx-r 10, 1817. 

Area. 47,156 square miles. Population in 1850, 
606,526; 1860. 791,305; ls70, 827,922; 1830, l,l.il,597. 

Seceded January, 1861. Re-admitted in 1870. 

ILLINOIS. 

First settled at Kaskaskia, in 1720, by Fren(>h. 

Form;- 1 from Northwest Territory. Organized as 
Territory March 1, 1809. 

Adopted a Constitution, August 26,1818. 

Admitted December 3. 181^. 

Area. 55,410 square miles. Population in 1850, 
851.470; 1860, 1,711,9:>1: 1870, 2,539,391; 1880, 3,- 
077,871. 

ALABAMA. 

First settled lear Mobile, in 1702, by French. 

Formed from Territory of South Carolina and 
Georgia, and for two years bore the name ot Mis- 
sissippi Territory. Organized as Territory March 3, 
1817. 

Adopted a Constitution August 2, 1819. 

Admitted Decemlier 14, 1819. 

Area. 50,722 square miles. Population in 1850, 
771,023; 1860, 964,201 ; 1S70. 996,992: 1830. 1.262,505. 

Seceded January, 1861. liJe-admitted Jui.e, 1868. 

MAINE. 

First settled at Bristol, in 1624, by the English. 
Formed from Territory of M;issachusetts. 
Adopted a Constitution. October 29, 1819. 
Admitted March 15, 1820. 

Area, 35,000 Nquare miles. Population in 1850. 
583,169; 1860, 62*3,279; 1870, 629,915; 1880, 648,9.361 

MISSOURI. 

First settled at St. Louis, in 1764, by French. 
Formed from French Territory. Organized as 
Territory June 4. 1812. 



TABULAR KECUKD8. 



Adopted a Constitution, July 10, 1820. 

Admitted August 10, 1821. 

Area, 65,350 square miles. Population in 1850, 
6el2,044; 1860, 1,182,013; 1870, 1,721,295; 1880, 2,- 
168,380. 

Ordinance abolishing slavery adopted in January, 
1865. 

ARKANSAS. 

First settled at Arkansas Post, in 1685, by the 
French. 

Formed from French Territory, the Louisiana pur- 
chase. Organized as Territory, March 2, 1819. 

Presented a Constitution, March 1, 1836. 

Admitted June 15, 1836. 

Area, 52,198 square miles. Population in 1850, 
209,897; 1860, 435,450; 1870, 484,471; 1880,802,525. 

Seceded March, 1861. Re-admitted June, 1868. 

MICHIGAN. 

First settled on the Detroit River, in 1650, by the 
French. 

Formed from Territory originally belonging to 
Virginia. Organized as Territory, June 30, 1805. 

Pre-siented a memorial for admission, January 25, 
1833, with a Constitution, which was revised in 1850. 

Admitted Januaiy 26, 1837. 

Area, 56,451 square miles. Population in 1850. 
97.654; 1860,749,11:'.; 1870, l,184,tl5il; 1880, 1,636,- 
937. 

FLORIDA. 

Discovered in 1497, and first explored by Ponce de 
Leon in 1512; Settled by the Spaniards. 

Formed from Spanish territory. Organized as Ter- 
ritory, March 30, 1822. 

Presented a Constitution. February 20, 1839. 

Admitted March 3, 1845. 

Area, 59,268 square miles. Population in 1850, 
87.445; 1860, 140,424; 187U, 187,748; 1880,260,493. 

Seceded January, 1861. Re-admitted June, 1868. 

TEXAS. 

First settled in 1792, by Spaniards. 

Was an Independent Republic after passing from 
Mexico. 

Admitted December 29, 1845. 

Area, 274,356 square miles. Population in 1850, 
212,592; 1860, 604,116; 1870; 818,579; 1880, 1,591,- 
74'i. 

Seceded February, 1861. Re-admitted April, 1870. 

WISCONSIN. 

First settled at Green Bay, in 1670. 

Formed from Indian territory. Organized as Ter- 
ritory, July 3. 1830. 

Adopted a Constitution, January 21, 1847. 

Admitted May 29, 1848. 

Area, 53,924 square miles. Population in 1850, 
30,0,391; 1860, 775,881; 1870, 1,054,670; 1830, 1,315,- 
497! 

IOWA. 

First settled at Galena and Dubuiiue. 

Formed from Indian territory. Organized as Tir- 
riiorv, July 3, 1838. 

Presented a Constitution, December 9, 1844. 

Admitted March 3, 1845, and re-admitted with en- 
larged boundaries, December 28, 18"). 

Area, 5.i,04.". square miles. Population in 1850, 
192,214; 1860, 674,913; 1870, 1,194,020; 1880, ],6-.'4,- 
«15. 



CALIFORNIA. 

First settled on the Pacific slope by Spaniards. 

Formed from Mexican territory. 

Adopted a Constitution, November 13, 1849. 

Admitted September 9, 1850. 

Area, 188,981 square miles. Population in 1850, 
92,597; 18K0, 379,994; 1867, 493,992; 1870, 560,247; 
1880, 864,694. 

MINNESOTA. 

First settled on the St. Peter's River, in 1805. 

Formed from Indian territory. Organized aa Ter- 
ritory, March 3, 1849. 

Admitted May 11, 1858. 

Area, 85,531 square miles. Population in ISoO, 
6,079; 1860, 172,023; 1870, 439,706; 1880, 780,773. 

OREGON. 

First settled by Spaniards. 

Formed from Indian territory. Organized as Ter- 
ritory, August 14. Is48. 

Adopted a Constitution in November, 1857. 

Admitted February 14, 1859. 

Area, 05,274 square miles. Population in 1850, 
12,003; 1860, 52,465; 1867, 78,697; 1870, 190,993; 
1880, 174,768. 

KANSAS. 

Formed fit)m Indian territory. Organized as Ter- 
ritory, May 30, 1854. 

Admitted January 29, 1861. 

Area, 81,318 square miles. Population in 1860, 
107,206; 1870, 364,399; 1880, 996,096. 

WEST VIRGINIA. 

Formed from the State of Virginia, December 31, 
1862. 

Admitted June 19, 1863. 

Area, 23,000 square mUes. Population in 1860, 
376,688; 1870,442,014; 1880, 618,4.J7. 

NEVADA. 

Formed from Indian territory, March 2, 1861. 
Admitted October 31, 1864. 

Area, 112,090 square miles. Population in 1863, 
40,000; 1867, 41,142; 1870, 42,491; 1880, 62,2li6. 

NEBRASKA. 

Formed from Indian territory. 

Organized as a Territory, May 30, 1854. 
Admitted March 1, 1867. 

Area. 75,095 square miles. Population in 1860, 
28,841; 1870, 122,993; 1880, 452,402. 

COLORADO. 

Organized as a Territory February 28, 1861. 

Admitted August 1, 1876. 

.Vrea, 104,500 square miles. Population in 1867, 
estimated not including Indians, 37,391; 1870, 39,864; 
1880, 194,327. 

TiCKKITORIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 
UTAH. 

Organized September 9, 1850. 

Area, 88,056 square miles. Population in 18.50, 
11,380; 1867, estimated not including Indians, 80,- 
.546; 1870. 86,78i: 1880. 143,963. 



TAB 



ULAR RECORDS. 



in 1850, 
ians, 93,- 



NEW MEXICO. 

Orgiinlzed December 13, 1850. 

Area, 134,4.">0 square miles. Populataor 
1547; 18(i7, estimated not including In( 
L6; 1870, 91,874; 1880, lly,565. 

WASHINGTON. 

Organized March 2, 18.-)3. L ijj jg.,,, 

-ea, 69,994 square miles. Populatic. '. 

• 1867, estimated not including Indu ' ' ' 
.^3,955; IbSO, 75,116. 



DAKOTA. 



:inized March 2, 1861. 



. <n in 1867 



I 240,59.3 squ.are miles. Populat ' '' 

rinding Indians, 5,321; 1870, l'^«^' ^««"' 
7. 

ARIZONA- 

Organized February 24, 1863. ^^^ ^ ^^^^ 

Area, 113,916 square miles. Popnl.g. jgg^ .„ [ 
,ot including Indians, 5,000; 1870, 9,''»' ^''»"- ^"• 

:40. 

IDAHO. 

Organized March 3, 1863. , jn in 1867, in- 

Area, 90,932 square miles. Popula . in„i„jijj„ 

;luding Indians, 20,000; 1870, 14,99' """^ >°ciii1ing 

Indians; 1880, 32,610. 

MONTANA. 
Organized May 26, 1864. j^^^.^^ ^^ jgg- 

Area, 14::.776 square miles. Poiincludins Indi- 

mcluding Indians, 30,000; 1870, n„ ^^^cluding indi 

ins, 20,595; 1880, 39,159. 

WYOMING, i ( 

Organized July 25, 1868 ^^ population, 

Area, 106,000 square mile.s. Es/ " '^ ' 

1870, 9,118; 1880, 20,789. ( 



ALASKA. 



Obtained 



367. 



ained by treaty from Russ, ^^j^^j^^ ^ 

Area, :177,390 square miles. ( ' 

70,000, estimated, ' 

INDIAN.' I 

„, „„. .1 / ulation unknown. 

Ared, 68,991 square miles. / 

DISTRICT OP ( ^^^- i 

„ ... , , . .^u c>- I icle of the Consti-; 
Established under the Fn- ^^ g^^,, ,,^,^,p 

tation ot the Lnited state.-* /^j^^i^^^j j^^ ^j, ^,,,^^., 
power to exercise exclusive/' .^^ exceeding ten 
whatsoever, over such dist^, of particular States, 
miles square) as may, by cc.-^ become the seat of 
Mid the acceptance _ol Conj.,.^^^^^,, ^^^ ^^ ^^^^,_ 

\)e State of Maryland, 

ait to cede to Coii- 
jiiare in this State, lor 



the Government of the Unit 
Buance of which provisioi; I 
December 23, 1788, pas-scd /, 
gress a district of ten mil 
tlie seat of the Governmei 

And the State of Vi 
parsed ''An act for tlie i 
or any lesser quantity ol 
to the United States in 
permanent seat of the G 

These cessions were ■■ 
quired by the Constitu' 
if Government establ' 
lishing the temporary a 



the United Stales. 

December 3, 17^9, 

of ten mile.s .squaie, 

,-y within thi.s State, 

\a assembled, for the 

,>vemmenfc." 

;by Congress, as re- 

the peVmanent seat 

he "Act for estab- 

,int seat of tl:e Gov- 



ernment of the United States," approved July 16, 
17110; and the act to amend the same, approved 
March 3. 1791. 

The district of ten miles square was accordingly 
located, and its lines and boundaries particularly 
established by a proclamation of George Washington, 
President of the United States. March 30, 1791, and 
by the "Act concerning the District of Coluniliia," 
approved February 27, 1801, Congress assumed com- 
plete jurisdiction over the said district, as contiin- 
plated by the fraincrs of the Constitution. 

Area, originally 100 square miles, now about 60. 
Population in 18.30, 51,687; 1860, 7.5,080; 1866, 11-^. / 
867; 1870, 131.700; 1880, 177,624. ( 

In 1846 that portion of the District lying south c>' 
the Potomac was retroceded to Virginia by act of 
Congress. Slaviry jvas abolished in this District by 
an act of Congress, approved April 16, 1862. 



INCREASE OF AREA OF THE UNITED STATES. 

The United States commenced its career as an ac- 
knowledged G<)\ ernment with a landed area of 827,- » 
844 square miles; cession by France in 1803, 1,171,- 
931 square miles, and cost, $23,500,000; cession by 
Si)ain in 1819, 59,268 square miles, and cost, $6,500,- 
000; annexation of Texas in 1845, 376,163 square 
miles; cession of Mexico in 1848, 591,318 square miles, 
and cost, $15,0l»o,l)00; cession by Russia in 1867, 
577,390 square miles, and cost, $7,200,000. Total 
area, including lakes and rivers, 4,000,000 square 
miles. 

ORIGIN OF THE XA.MES OF STATES. 

Maiii' wrs so called as early as 1623, from Maine, 
in France, of which Henrietta Maria, Queen of En- 
glaiui, wa.s at that time proprietress. Popular name 
— 'I'lie Pine Tree State. 

-Yi w Haiiipshire was the name given to the territory 
conveyed by the Plymouth (_'ompany to t'aptain John 
Mason, by patent, November 7, 16ii), with reference 
to the patentee, who was Governor of Portsmouth, 
in Hampshire, England. Popular name — The Granite 
State. 

Vermont v/as so called by the inhabitants in their 
Declaration of Independence, January 16, 17' 7, from 
the French rerd moiit, the Green Mountains. Popu- 
lar name — The Green Mountain State. 

yfassiirliusetts was so called from Massachusetts 
Bay. and that from the Ma.ssachusetts tribe of In- 
dians, in the neighborhood of Boston. The tribe is 
thouglit to have derived its name from the Blue Hills 
of Milton. "I had learnt,' says Roger Williams, 
" that the Massachusetts were so called from the Blue 
Hills." Popular name — The Bay State. 

KIwde Island wa.s so called, in 1664, in reference to 
the Island of Rliodes, in the Mediterranean. Popu- 
lar name — Little Rhody. 

Oonnccticat was so called from the Indian niime of 
its principal river. Connecticut is a Mocheakannow 
wor<l. signifying long river. Popular names — I'he 
Nutmeg or Free Stone .State. 

XiiD Vork was so called, in lii64, in reference to* 
the Duke of York and Albany, to whom this terrj 
tory was granted by the King of England. Popul^ / 
names — The Empire or Excelsior State. \ .^ 

AVit Jer,«e!/ was so eilled, in 1664, from the Island 
of Jersiy, on the coast of France, the residence of Pi; 
George Carteret, to whom the territory was grants .. 

Penn.ii/tvania was so called, in 1681, alter Will; ■, in 
Penn. Popular name — The Keystone State. 

IMaiiire was so called, in 1703, from Del; n. 
Bav. on which it lies, and which receive<I it' ; -: 



TABULAE EECOJIDS 



from Lord de la War, who died in this bay. Popular 
Qaraes— The Blue Hen, or Diamond State. 

Maryland was so called in honor of Henrietta Maria 
Queen of Charles I., in his patent to Lord Baltimore' 
June 30, 1632. 

Virginia was so called, in 1584, after Elizabeth, 
the Virgin Queen of England. Popular names— The 
Old Dominion, or Mother of Presidents. 

Carolina was so called by the French, in 1-564 In 
honor of King Charles IX. of France. Popular name 
ol South Carolina— The Palmetto State; of North 
Carolina— The Old Xorth, or Tar Heel State. 

Georgia was so called, in 173J, in honor of King 
George IL Papular name— The Cracker State. 

AUtbama was so called, in 1814, from its principal 
•iver. meaning here we rest. 

Mssis-^ippi was so called, in 1800, from its western 
boundary. Mississippi is said to denote the whole 
river, that is, the river formed by the union of ramy 
Popular name— The B.iyou State. 

Louisiana waa so called in honor of Louis XIV. of 
France. Popular name— The Creol.i .State. 
_ Tennessee was so called, in 17;J(i, from its principal 
nver. The word Ten-as-se is said to signify a eurced 
spoon. Popular name— The Big Beu.i .State. 

Kenlueky was so called, in 1792, from its principal 
nver. Popular name— The State of the Dark and 
Bloody Ground. 

Illinois was so called, in 1809, from its principal 
river. This word is said to signify the river of men. 
Popular name.s— The Sucker, or P'.-airie State. 

Indiana was so called, in 180 i. fr.j.a the American 
Indians. Popular name— The Uo.-.sie,- State. 

Olito \v,i< so called, in 18D2, from its southern 



Stat. 



Popular name — The Buckeye 
^)f Indian word Ohio-i, beautiful. 
'. was so called, in 1821, from ita prlnc^ai 
lian name, meaning tniiddg water. 
■ was .so called, in 1805. from the lake" on 
Indian name, meanini^ a. weir for f^h. 
Vme — The Wolverine State. 

was so called, in 1813, from its principal 
lian name. Popular name — The Bear 



boundati 
Meaning 
Missoi 
river. T 
IHiehigf 
its bord' 
Popular 
Arkam 
river. I; 
State. 

Florida^ was so called by Juan Ponce de Leon, in 
1572, becipnse it was discovered on Easter Sunday; 
in Spanislj \Pa<;eara Florida. 

Wiscons] \ was so called from its principal river. 
Indian na V weaning wild rushing river. Popula- 
name — Thl oadger State. 

loma wal ^) called from its principal river. Indiar 
name, me: ^ng I'le sleepy ones. Popular name — 
Hawkeye S( 
Oregon w.i 
dian name, ! 
M'innesota.\ 
whitish water] 
California, 
arm of the P] 
en State. 

Tcci?, a S' 

Popular nam' 

Kanms is a,\ 

Popular namei 

i^est Virgin, 

Nevada is a i 

Popul.ar name! 

Nebraska — ai 



In 



thi 



Bo called from its principal river, 
faning river of the west. 

also an Indian word, meaning 
^Popular name^The Gopher State. 
iS Spanish word, and named from an 
Ific Ocean. Popular name — the Gold- 

Vish word applied to the Republic. 
(The Lone Star State, 
jndian name, ineiimag the smoky water. 
, Che .Tayhawker State. 
'I So callei after Virginia, 
inish word, meaning white loUh snow. 
Vge Sen State. 
tdian word. 







P^R -0 ;^/:2 



^^. 






not inclu 
143,96,S. 



